Subject: Daily Scan of COVID-19 Scientific Publications / survol journalier des publications scientifiques du COVID-19, 2020-12-11

Good afternoon,

There are 548 citations in today’s scan. 301 were considered primary research or review literature.

Highlights today include:

CANADA

· Miconi et al. investigated the association of exposure to the virus, COVID-19-related discrimination and stigma with mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic in a culturally diverse sample of adults in Quebec. Mental health varied significantly based on socioeconomic status and ethno-cultural group, with those with lower incomes and Arab participants reporting higher psychological distress. Exposure to the virus, COVID-19-related discrimination, and stigma were associated with poorer mental health. Associations with mental health varied across ethno-cultural groups, with exposed and discriminated Black participants reporting higher mental distress.

EPIDEMIOLOGY

· Buss et al show that one month after the epidemic peak in Manaus, 44% of the population had detectable IgG antibodies. Correcting for cases without a detectable antibody response and antibody waning, we estimate a 66% attack rate in June, rising to 76% in October. This is higher than in São Paulo, in southeastern Brazil, where the estimated attack rate in October is 29%.

· Redditt et al. describe a COVID-19 outbreak and corresponding reported symptomatology at a shelter in Toronto, Canada. Among those tested, 41.7% (n = 25) were positive. Of those who tested positive (n = 25), 20.0% (n = 5) reported fever, cough or shortness of breath at the time of testing. During the 14 days after testing, 87.5% (21/24) reported symptoms of infection.

CLINICAL DATA

· Makiello et al. presented a case of an 11-year-old boy with features resembling those of Inflammatory Multisystem Syndrome Temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 (PIMS-TS). Laboratory tests were consistent with PIMS-TS. Three SARS-CoV-2 PCRs on respiratory samples, taken over the initial 4-day period, were negative, as was a SARS-CoV-2 PCR on feces one month after the presentation; however, titres of IgG were elevated.

ANIMAL MODEL

· Hall et al. experimentally challenged big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus) with SARS‐CoV‐2 under BSL‐3 conditions. They measured infectivity, pathology, virus concentrations in tissues, oral and rectal virus excretion, virus transmission, and clinical signs of disease. There was no evidence of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in any examined bat, including no viral excretion, no transmission, no detectable virus in tissues, and no signs of disease or pathology.

· Teodoro et al investigated the replication and tissue tropism of two different SARS-CoV-2 isolates in the respiratory tract of three farm animal species - cattle, sheep, and pigs - using respiratory ex vivo organ cultures (EVOCs). Demonstrated that the respiratory tissues of cattle and sheep, but not of pigs, sustain viral replication in vitro of both isolates and that SARS-CoV-2 is associated to ACE2-expressing cells of the respiratory tract of both ruminant species.

Regards,

Lisa Waddell, Tricia Corrin, Rukshanda Ahmad, Robyn Odell, Maribeth Mitri, Julie Theriault, Austyn Baumeister, Anam Khan, Musaab Younis, Lien Mi Tien, Dima Ayache, Angela Sloan, Kaitlin Young, Chatura Prematunge, Ainsley Otten, Drew Greydanus, Jessie Varga, Vanessa Zubach, Meenu Sharma, Kristyn Burak, David Knox, Joanne Hiebert, Clifford Clark, Catherine Card, Ruey Su, Paul McLaren, Sandra Kiazyk

Focus areas: Modelling/ prediction, Epidemiology, Transmission, Clinical data, Long-term Sequelae, Mental Health, Surveillance, Coronavirology, Diagnostics / Pathogen detection, Therapeutics, Vaccine Research, Public health interventions, Public Health response, Public Health Priorities, IPAC, Health care response, Immunology, Economics, Animal model, Zoonoses, Review Literature, Commentary/Editorial, news

Domaines cibles: Modélisation/prédiction, Épidémiologie, Transmission, Données cliniques, Séquelles à long terme, Santé mentale ,Surveillance, Coronavirologie, Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes, Thérapeutique, Recherche sur les vaccins, Interventions de santé publique, Priorités de santé publique, PCI, Réponse des soins de santé, Immunologie, économie, Modèle animal, Zoonoses, Revue de littérature, Commentaire/Éditorial, journaux

PUBLICATIONS	AUTHORS / AUTEURS	SOURCE	FOCI / DOMAINE	SUMMARY / SOMMAIRE
The perception of nurses towards their roles during the COVID-19 pandemic	Abuhammad,  S,  AlAzzam, et al	Int J Clin Pract	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	The study aims to evaluate the available content on local Jordanian Facebook nursing groups regarding perception of their roles during coronavirus pandemic. nurses have a positive perception of their roles during the coronavirus pandemic. Besides being responsible for their daily activities during the epidemic, they had additional roles of ensuring the safety and contentment of their patients.
Assessment of patients with acute respiratory symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic by Telemedicine: clinical features and impact on referral	Accorsi,  TAD,  Amicis, et al	Einstein (Sao Paulo)	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This study was conducted to characterize  the role of Telemedicine consultation during the COVID-19 pandemic. The percentage of suspected COVID-19 cases was 67.6%. Of these, 75% were managed remotely and only one quarter referred for emergency assessment. Telemedicine assessment is associated with reclassification of patient’s subjective impression. Referral is therefore optimized to avoid inappropriate in-person assessment.
COVID-19: could CT provide the best population level biomarker? Incidental COVID-19 in major trauma patients suggests higher than predicted rates of infection in London	Adam,  EJ,  Grubnic, et al	Clinical radiology	Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	Study conducted to explore whether computed tomography (CT) could be used to assess prevalence and estimate disease spread in the general population. Study population was all patients admitted following major trauma between 1 January 2020 and 30 April 2020 with CT including the lungs (n=523). CT appearances consistent with COVID-19 began to exceed a background pre-COVID rate in the second week of February and did not decline until 2 weeks after lockdown suggesting that CT can be used to monitor the spread of COVID-19.
Parents are stressed! Patterns of parent stress across COVID-19	Adams,  Elizabeth,  Smith, et al	Research Square prepub	Mental Health | santé mentale	The aim of this study was to describe changes in parent stress longitudinally from before (retrospective) to two timepoints during COVID-19.  Parent’s stress increased from before COVID-19 to T1 (PSS score: 16.3±5.7 to 22.0±6.4, respectively; p<0.01), and decreased by T2 (19.2±6.0), but remained elevated above pre-COVID-19 values (p<0.01). Common strategies parents used to manage parenting difficulties included doing family activities together, keeping in touch with family/friends virtually, and keeping children on daily routines.
The way in which COVID-19 changed behaviour on social media in Malta	Agius,  S,  Grech, et al	Early human development	Mental Health | santé mentale Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study was carried out in order to discover how the pandemic affected the Maltese population who use social media networks daily.  There was  a significant correlation between online interaction and engagement and the Covid-19 situation in Malta (p ≪ 0.0001). Online posts portraying a sense of care, affection, and unity also significantly correlated with the number of COVID-19 cases in Malta (p ≪ 0.0001).  Social media engagement may have been resorted to not only to seek information but also to interact with friends and family who were not physically accessible due to social distancing measures.
Synthesis of potentially new schiff bases of N-substituted-2-quinolonylacetohydrazides as anti-COVID-19 agents	Alshammari,  MB,  Ramadan, et al	Journal of Molecular Structure	Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	We report herein a new series of synthesized N-substituted-2-quinolonylacetohydrazides aiming to evaluate their activity towards SARS-CoV-2. The structures of the obtained products were fully confirmed by NMR, mass, IR spectra and elemental analysis as well. Molecular docking calculations showed that most of the tested compounds possessed good binding affinity to the SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro) comparable toRemdesivir. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.
Characterization of protease activity of Nsp3 from SARS-CoV-2 and its in vitro inhibition by nanobodies	Armstrong,  Lee,  Lange, et al	bioRxiv	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	Encoded within Nsp3 is the papain-like protease PLpro domain. To block PLpro activity competitive nanobodies that bind to PLpro at the substrate binding site with nanomolar affinity thus inhibiting the enzyme were engineered. Pprovides tools to investigate Nsp3 biology during the viral infection cycle.
Identifying side effects of commonly used drugs in the treatment of Covid 19	Aygün,  İ,  Kaya, et al	Sci Rep	Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	In this study, the interactions of 8 drugs used for Covid 19 treatment with 645 different drugs and possible side effects estimates have been produced using Graph Convolutional Networks.  The results should facilitate the selection of the drugs and increase the success of Covid 19 treatment according to the targeted patient.
Predictors of misconceptions, knowledge, attitudes, and practices of COVID-19 pandemic among a sample of Saudi population	Baig,  M,  Jameel, et al	PLoS One	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study intends to explore the predictors of misconceptions, knowledge, attitudes, and practices concerning the COVID-19 pandemic among a sample of the Saudi population by an online survey conducted at the Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University (KAU) in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (SA).   Overall, our study participants had good knowledge, positive attitudes, and good practices, but several myths were also prevalent.
Painless thyroiditis in SARS-CoV-2 infection	Barahona San Millán,  R,  Tantinyà Daura, et al	Endocrinologia, Diabetes y Nutricion	Clinical data| Données cliniques	This is a letter to the editor written in Spanish concerning a 52 year old male with co-morbidity of hypertension and diabetes.
Prediction of Putative Epitope-based Vaccine Against All Corona Virus strains for Chinese Population: Approach toward Development of Vaccine	Batool,  H,  Batool, et al	Microbiol Immunol	Vaccine Research| Recherche sur les vaccins	In this study, we design an epitope‐based vaccine using an immunoinformatic approach that may protect against all coronavirus strains. Three MHC class‐I epitopes from Spike glycoprotein and Nucleoprotein showed sufficient binding while one MHC class‐II epitope from Spike glycoprotein found to be an effective binder.
COVID-19 information exposure in digital media and implications for employees in the health care sector: findings from an online survey	Bazán,  PR,  Azevedo Neto, et al	Einstein (Sao Paulo)	Mental Health | santé mentale	The objective of this study was to estimate coronavirus disease 2019-related information consumption and related implications for health care professionals (medical and nonmedical personnel) during the pandemic. 67.6% of HC workers in  São Paulo reported having increased their average time spent on social media and 31% of respondents felt stressed by the amount of information they had to keep up with almost every day or always. The results suggest that excessive information exposure and high processing demands may impose psychological distress and affect mental health.
Decreased serial scores of severe organ failure assessments are associated with survival in mechanically ventilated patients; the prospective Maastricht Intensive Care COVID cohort	Bels,  JLM,  van Kuijk, et al	Journal of critical care	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	This study assessed the role of multi-organ failure during ICU admission as driver for outcomes of COVID-19. Prospective cohort of mechanically ventilated critically ill with SARS-CoV-2 infection. 94 participants of the MaastrICCht cohort (21% women) had a median length of stay of 16 days (maximum of 77). After division into survivors (n = 59) and non-survivors (n = 35), we analysed 1555 serial SOFA scores using linear mixed-effects models.  Survivors improved one SOFA score point more per 5 days (95% CI: 4–8) than non-survivors. The decrease in SOFA score associated with survival suggests multi-organ failure involvement during mechanical ventilation in patients with SARS-CoV-2.  Surviving women appeared to improve faster than surviving men.
COVID-19 mortality risk assessment: An international multi-center study	Bertsimas,  D,  Lukin, et al	PLoS One	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	This study seeks to develop and validate a data-driven personalized mortality risk calculator for hospitalized COVID-19 patients. De-identified data was obtained for 3,927 COVID-19 positive patients from six independent centers, comprising 33 different hospitals. The COVID-19 Mortality Risk (CMR) tool was developed using the XGBoost algorithm to predict mortality. Its discrimination performance was subsequently evaluated on three validation cohorts. The derivation cohort of 3,062 patients has an observed mortality rate of 26.84%. Increased age, decreased oxygen saturation (≤ 93%), elevated levels of C-reactive protein (≥ 130 mg/L), blood urea nitrogen (≥ 18 mg/dL), and blood creatinine (≥ 1.2 mg/dL) were identified as primary risk factors, validating clinical findings. The CMR model leverages machine learning to generate accurate mortality predictions using commonly available clinical features. This is the first risk score trained and validated on a cohort of COVID-19 patients from Europe and the United States.
Saliva for diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2: first report from India	Bhattacharya,  D,  Parai, et al	J Med Virol	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	In the study we analysed the comparison and agreement between the feasibility of using the saliva in comparison to nasopharyngeal swab (NPS) for diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2. A total number of 74 patients were enrolled for this study. We analysed and compared the NPS and saliva specimen collected within 48 h after the symptom onset. We carried out real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), gene sequencing for the detection and determination SARS-CoV-2 specific genes. This study showed a lower cycle threshold (C(T) ) mean value for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 ORF1 gene (mean 27.07; 95% CI, 25.62 to 28.52) in saliva methods than that of NPS (mean 28.24; 95% CI, 26.62 to 29.85) specimen although the difference is statistically non-significant (p>0.05).
Living with cancer in the COVID-19 pandemic: An Italian survey on self-isolation at home	Biagioli,  V,  Albanesi, et al	Eur J Cancer Care (Engl)	Mental Health | santé mentale	To investigate the perception of self-isolation at home in patients with cancer during the lockdown period resulting from the COVID-19 outbreak in Italy. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted through an online survey of patients with cancer who were sheltering at home from 29th March to 3rd May 2020. Perception of self-isolation was assessed using the ISOLA scale, after evaluation of its psychometric properties. The participants were 195 adult patients with cancer (female = 76%; mean age = 50.3 ± 11.2; haematological malignancy = 51.3%). They reported moderate isolation-related suffering (M = 2.64 ± 0.81), problems in their relationships with others (M = 3.31 ± 1.13) and difficulties in their relationships with themselves (M = 3.14 ± 1.06). Patients who experienced significantly more social problems were older, had less education and were living without minor children. Overall, four main categories emerged from the qualitative content analysis: (1) lack of freedom and social life, (2) uncertainty and worries, (3) feeling supported and (4) dealing with isolation.
A Polish and German Population Study of Quality of Life, Well-Being, and Life Satisfaction in Older Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic	Bidzan-Bluma,  I,  Bidzan, et al	Frontiers in Psychiatry	Mental Health | santé mentale	In our study, we studied the predictors of quality of life, well-being, and life satisfaction (including risky behavior, trait anxiety, feeling of threat, sleep quality, and optimism) during the pandemic in older people from Germany and Poland and compared them to three different age groups. A total of 494 adults in four groups−60+ (N = 60), 50–60 (N = 139), 36–49 (N = 155), <35 (N = 140)—completed validated self-report questionnaires assessing: socio-demographic data, quality of life, trait anxiety, risk tolerance, Coronavirus threat, optimism regarding the pandemic, difficulty relaxing, life satisfaction, well-being, and sleep quality during the pandemic period. Older people rated their quality of life higher than did young (mean difference=0.74, SE=0.19, p < 0.01) and middle-aged (mean difference=0.79, SE=0.18, p < 0.01) participants, rated their life satisfaction higher than young (mean difference=1.23, SE = 0.31, p < 0.01) and middle-aged (mean difference=0.92, SE = 0.30, p < 0.05) participants, and rated their well-being higher than young (mean difference=1.40, SE = 0.31, p < 0.01) and middle-aged (mean difference=0.91, SE = 0.31, p < 0.05) participants. They also experienced lower levels of trait anxiety and Coronavirus threat (mean difference=-9.19, SE = 1.90, p < 0.01) than the younger age groups. They experienced greater risk tolerance (mean difference=1.38, SE=0.33, p < 0.01), sleep quality (F =1.25; eta2 = 0.01), and optimism (F = 1.96; eta2 = 0.01), and had less difficulty relaxing during the pandemic (F = 3.75; eta2 = 0.02) than middle-aged respondents.
Longitudinal increases in childhood depression symptoms during the COVID-19 lockdown	Bignardi,  G,  Dalmaijer, et al	Arch Dis Child	Mental Health | santé mentale	This present study provides the first longitudinal examination of changes in childhood mental health during lockdown. Mental health assessments on 168 children (aged 7.6-11.6 years) were taken before and during the UK lockdown (April-June 2020). A significant increase in depression symptoms during the UK lockdown was observed, as measured by the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS) short form. CIs suggest a medium-to-large effect size. There were no significant changes in the RCADS anxiety subscale and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire emotional problems subscale.
A simplified estimate of the Effective Reproduction Number Rt using its relation with the doubling time and application to Italian COVID-19 data	Bonifazi,  Gianluca,  Lista, et al	ArXiv	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	A simplified method to compute Rt, the Effective Reproduction Number, is presented. The method relates the value of Rt to the estimation of the doubling time performed with a local exponential fit. The condition Rt=1 corresponds to a growth rate equal to zero or equivalently an infinite doubling time. Different assumptions on the probability distribution of the generation time are considered. A simple analytical solution is presented in case the generation time follows a gamma distribution.
Early improvements in pulmonary function after severe COVID-19 requiring mechanical ventilation	Bonnesen,  B,  Toennesen, et al	Infect Dis (Lond)	Clinical data| Données cliniques	We describe changes in pulmonary function with diffusion capacity and imaging diagnostics by HRTC scan in 12 survivors of severe COVID-19 pneumonia.
Change in Hospital Antibiotic Use and Acquisition of Multidrug Resistant Gram-Negative Organisms After the Onset of Coronavirus Disease 2019	Bork,  JT,  Leekha, et al	Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	Interrupted time series segmented regression was conducted to trend antibiotic use and multidrug-resistant Gram-negative (MDRGN) acquisition relative to COVID-19 in an academic hospital. Total and pneumonia antibiotic use increased after COVID-19 when compared to similar 2019 period. MDRGN acquisition increased 3% for every increase in positive COVID-19 test per week.
The association between depression symptoms, psychological burden caused by Covid-19 and physical activity: An investigation in Germany, Italy, Russia, and Spain	Brailovskaia,  J,  Cosci, et al	Psychiatry research	Mental Health | santé mentale	The present study investigated factors that can impact the level of burden caused by Covid-19. Burden, depression symptoms and frequency of physical activity were assessed via online surveys in overall 1,931 people from four countries (Germany: N = 625; Italy: N = 936; Russia: N = 230; Spain: N = 140). Similar result patterns were found in all country-specific samples. Burden by Covid-19 was significantly positively associated with depression symptoms, while it was significantly negatively linked to physical activity. Moreover, physical activity buffered the association between depression symptoms and burden.
Persistent Cellular Immunity to SARS-CoV-2 Infection	Breton,  Gaelle,  Mendoza, et al	bioRxiv	Clinical data| Données cliniques Immunology | Immunologie	To gain further understanding of the immune response in recovered individuals we measured T cell responses in paired samples obtained an average of 1.3 and 6.1 months after infection from 41 individuals. The data indicate that recovered individuals show persistent polyfunctional SARS-CoV-2 antigen specific memory that could contribute to rapid recall responses. In addition, recovered individuals show enduring immune alterations in relative numbers of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, expression of activation/exhaustion markers, and cell division.
Limited intestinal inflammation despite diarrhea, fecal viral RNA and SARS-CoV-2-specific IgA in patients with acute COVID-19	Britton,  GrahamJ,  Chen-Liaw, et al	medRxiv	Clinical data| Données cliniques Immunology | Immunologie	We sought to characterize the role of the gastrointestinal immune system in the pathogenesis of the inflammatory response associated with COVID-19. We measured cytokines, inflammatory markers, viral RNA, microbiome composition and antibody responses in stool from a cohort of 44 hospitalized COVID-19 patients. SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in stool of 41% of patients and more frequently in patients with diarrhea. Patients who survived had lower fecal viral RNA than those who died. Compared to uninfected controls, COVID-19 patients had higher fecal levels of IL-8 and lower levels of fecal IL-10. Stool IL-23 was higher in patients with more severe COVID-19 disease, and we found evidence of intestinal virus-specific IgA responses associated with more severe disease. We provide evidence for an ongoing humeral immune response to SARS-CoV-2 in the gastrointestinal tract, but little evidence of overt inflammation.
Thrombosis at hospital presentation in patients with and without coronavirus disease 2019	Brosnahan,  SB,  Smilowitz, et al	Journal of Vascular Surgery: Venous and Lymphatic Disorders	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	We sought to better characterize the patients with COVID-19 most at risk of severe, outpatient thrombosis by defining the patients hospitalized with COVID-19 with arterial or venous thrombosis diagnosed at admission. The patients with COVID-19–associated thrombosis were younger (age, 58 years vs 64 years; P =.043) and were less frequently women (31.3% vs 43.9%; P =.16). No differences were found in the body mass index or major comorbidities between those with and without COVID-19. COVID-19–associated thrombosis correlated with greater mortality (15.2% vs 4.3%; P =.016). The biometric profile of patients admitted with COVID-19–associated thrombosis compared with regular thrombosis showed significant changes in the complete blood count, liver function test results, D-dimer levels, C-reactive protein, ferritin, and coagulation panels.
Loneliness during a strict lockdown: Trajectories and predictors during the COVID-19 pandemic in 38,217 United Kingdom adults	Bu,  F,  Steptoe, et al	Social Science and Medicine	Mental Health | santé mentale	The current study aimed to examine if and how loneliness levels changed during the strict lockdown and to explore the clustering of loneliness growth trajectories.  Younger adults (OR = 2.17–6.81), women (OR = 1.59), people with low income (OR = 1.3), the economically inactive (OR = 1.3–2.04) and people with mental health conditions (OR = 5.32) were more likely to be in highest loneliness class relative to the lowest. Further, living with others or in a rural area, and having more close friends or greater social support were protective.
Three-quarters attack rate of SARS-CoV-2 in the Brazilian Amazon during a largely unmitigated epidemic	Buss,  LF,  Prete, et al	Science	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Immunology | Immunologie	We use a convenience sample of blood donors to show that by June, one month after the epidemic peak in Manaus, capital of Amazonas state, 44% of the population had detectable IgG antibodies. Correcting for cases without a detectable antibody response and antibody waning, we estimate a 66% attack rate in June, rising to 76% in October. This is higher than in São Paulo, in southeastern Brazil, where the estimated attack rate in October is 29%. These results confirm that, when poorly controlled, COVID-19 can infect a high fraction of the population causing high mortality.
[Correlación de variables ecocardiográficas y biomarcadores en pacientes graves con COVID-19]	Calderón-Esquivel,  N,  Vázquez-Flores, et al	Cir Cir	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	Objective: To describe the echocardiographic variables of patients with COVID-19 and its correlation with biomarkers and mortality. Results: There was no correlation of biomarkers and echocardiographic variables between surviving and non-surviving patients, with the exception of MAPSE and serum concentrations of lactic dehydrogenase (r2 = -0.427, p = 0.019). The mortality rate was 16% (n = 5).
COVID-19 lockdown impact on plastic surgery activity in the emergency department	Cases-Perera,  O,  Losilla-Rodríguez, et al	Medicina clinica	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	With the aim of knowing the impact of confinement during the COVID-19 epidemic in plastic surgery emergencies, we have designed a cross-sectional descriptive observational study. Four hundred and fifty-seven were seen in 2019 and 191 in 2020. The patients seen in 2020 were younger.
Empirical model for short-time prediction of COVID-19 spreading	Català,  M,  Alonso, et al	PLoS Comput Biol	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	This model has been employed to fit the cumulative cases of Covid-19 from several European countries. Results show that there are systematic differences in spreading velocity among countries. The model predictions provide a reliable picture of the short-term evolution in countries that are in the initial stages of the Covid-19 outbreak, and may permit researchers to uncover some characteristics of the long-term evolution. These predictions can also be generalized to calculate short-term hospital and ICU requirements.
Mortality reduction in 46 severe Covid-19 patients treated with hyperimmune plasma. A proof of concept single arm multicenter trial	Cesare,  Perotti,  Fausto, et al	Haematologica	Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	We conducted a multicenter one arm proof of concept interventional study. Patients with Covid-19 disease with moderate-to-severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome, elevated C-reactive Protein and need for mechanical ventilation and/or CPAP were enrolled. One to three 250-300 ml unit of hyperimmune plasma (neutralizing antibodies titer ≥1:160) were administered. Symptoms and ARDS duration were 14 (SD 7) and 6 days (SD 3). Three patients (6.5%) died within 7 days as compared to an expected 15% from the National Statistics and 30% from a small concurrent cohort of 23 patients. Weaning from CPAP was obtained in 26/30 patients and 3/7 were extubated. Hyperimmune plasma in Covid-19 shows promising benefits, to be confirmed in a randomized controlled trial.
A CT-based radiomics nomogram for predicting prognosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) radiomics nomogram predicting COVID-19	Chen,  H,  Zeng, et al	Br J Radiol	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	To identify the value of radiomics method derived from CT images to predict prognosis in patients with COVID-19. A total of 40 patients with COVID-19 were enrolled in the study. A total of 15 radiomics features with respective coefficients were calculated. The AUC values of radiomics models (kNN, SVM, and LR) were 0.88, 0.88, and 0.84, respectively, showing a good performance. The C-index of the clinical factors model was 0.82 95% CI (0.75-0.88)] in the training set and 0.77 95% CI (0.59-0.90)] in the validation set. The radiomics nomogram showed optimal prediction performance. In the training set, the C-index was 0.91 95% CI (0.85-0.95)], and in the validation set, the C-index was 0.85 95% CI (0.69-0.95)]. For the training set, the C-index of the radiomics nomogram was significantly higher than the clinical factors model (p = 0.0021). Decision curve analysis showed that radiomics nomogram outperformed the clinical model in terms of clinical usefulness.
Knowledge, Perceived Beliefs, and Preventive Behaviors toward COVID-19 among Chinese Older Adults: An Online Cross-Sectional Survey	Chen,  Y,  Zhou, et al	J Med Internet Res	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study aims to investigate the knowledge, perceived beliefs, and preventive behaviors of elderly population (n=1263) in China towards COVID-19 and determine factors that influence the practice of preventive behaviors. The overall correct rate on the knowledge questionnaire was 87%, an overall positive belief towards COVID-19 was found and the mean score of behavior was 13.73(SD 1.62, range 5-15). The hierarchical linear regression showed that respondents who were married or in cohabitation, and lived in areas with community-level control measures were more likely to practice preventive behaviors(P<.01). Knowledge ( β=0.198, P<.05), perceived susceptibility ( β=0.263, P=.03), perceived benefits ( β=0.643, P<.001), and self-efficacy in preventing COVID-19 ( β=0.468, P<.001) were also found to be significantly associated with preventive behaviors.
Unpacking the Drop in COVID-19 Case Fatality Rates: A Study of National and Florida Line-Level Data	Cheng,  Cheng,  Zhou, et al	ArXiv	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	Using both Florida line-level data and recently released national line level data from April 1, 2020 to November 1, 2020 on cases, hospitalizations, and deaths; each stratified by age, we unpack the drop in case fatality rate (CFR). By accounting for several confounding factors, our analysis shows how age-stratified HFR can provide a more realistic picture of treatment improvements than CFR. One key limitation of our analysis is that the national line-level data remains incomplete and plagued by artifacts. Our analysis highlights the crucial role that this data can play but also the pressing need for public, complete, and high-quality age-stratified line-level data for both cases, hospitalizations, and deaths for all states.
Effect of early oseltamivir on outpatients without hypoxia with suspected COVID-19	Chiba,  S	Wien Klin Wochenschr	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	The effectiveness of oseltamivir on COVID-19 suspected outpatients without hypoxia was evaluated.  A total of 16 COVID-19 suspected medical personnel and their cohabitation families without hypoxia, who came to the adult fever clinic from March to June 2020 were studied. All patients received antiviral therapy (oseltamivir) and antibacterial therapy together. Oseltamivir administration made the temperature fall within 24 h in part (10, 63%). Clinical data were compared between patients receiving early treatment (ET) with oseltamivir, initiated within 24 h, and patients administered late treatment (LT), initiated after this time point. Duration of fever was shorter in the ET group than in the LT group (31 ± 21 h versus 94 ± 38 h; p < 0.001). The time from fever onset to treatment initiation correlated with duration of fever (r = 0.77; p < 0.001) and the time from peak to decline (r = 0.58; p < 0.05).
Synthesis of novel coumarin analogues: Investigation of molecular docking interaction of SARS-CoV-2 proteins with natural and synthetic coumarin analogues and their pharmacokinetics studies	Chidambaram,  S,  El-Sheikh, et al	Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	To demonstrate the inhibitory potential of the natural products coumarins and its analogues alongside SARS coronavirus. We focus on the synthesis of new coumarin analogues and characterized by FT-IR, 1H and 13C NMR, elemental analyses, and mass spectra.  Molecular docking studies found that the natural coumarin analogue Inophyllum A showed an exceptional potential for inhibition with a binding energy of −8.4 kcal/mol. The synthetic coumarin analogues 1m and 1p both demonstrated a similar binding energy, inhibition potential of −7.9 kcal / mol as opposed to hydroxychloroquine and co-crystallized ligand alpha-ketoamide with binding energy values of −5.8 and −6.6 kcal / mol. The inhibitor binding in silico research thus offers a structural understanding of COVID-19 and molecular interactions across the known protease inhibitors centred on the findings of the multiple sequence alliance.
Changes in pediatric seizure-related emergency department attendances during COVID-19 – A territory-wide observational study	Chiu,  TGA,  Leung, et al	Journal of the Formosan Medical Association	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	A territory-wide retrospective observational study was conducted in Hong Kong between January 23 to April 22, 2020 to demonstrate changes in pediatric seizure-related accident and emergency department (A&E) visits during the COVID-19 pandemic. Seizure-related attendances decreased across all pediatric age-groups in 2020 (RR 0.379, 95% CI 0.245–0.588), with a disproportionately large decrease in the 0–6 years age group (RR 0.303, 95% CI 0.174–0.526) compared with the 7–18 years age group (RR 0.534, 95% CI 0.393–0.719).
SARS-CoV-2 infection and adverse outcomes in users of ACE inhibitors and angiotensin-receptor blockers: a nationwide case-control and cohort analysis	Christiansen,  CF,  Pottegård, et al	Thorax	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	This study examined the impact of ACE inhibitor (ACE-I)/angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) use on rate of SARS-CoV-2 infection and adverse outcomes. The study included 13 501 SARS-CoV-2 PCR-positive and 1 088 695 PCR-negative individuals. Users of ACE-I/ARB had a marginally increased rate of a positive PCR when compared with CCB users (aOR 1.17, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.37), but not when compared with non-users (aOR 1.00 95% CI 0.92 to 1.09).Among PCR-positive individuals, 1466 (11%) were ACE-I/ARB users. The weighted risk of hospitalisation was 36.5% in ACE-I/ARB users and 43.3% in CCB users (RR 0.84, 95% CI 0.70 to 1.02). The risk of ICU admission was 6.3% in ACE-I/ARB users and 5.4% in CCB users (RR 1.17, 95% CI 0.64 to 2.16), while the 30-day mortality was 12.3% in ACE-I/ARB users and 13.9% in CCB users (RR 0.89, 95% CI 0.61 to 1.30). The associations were similar when ACE-I/ARB users were compared with non-users.
How have older adults reacted to coronavirus disease 2019?	Cigiloglu,  A,  Ozturk, et al	Psychogeriatrics	Mental Health | santé mentale	This study investigated the psychosocial effects of measures to prevent the spread of the novel coronavirus disease on older adults in Turkey. The frequency of depressive and anxiety symptoms was 37.5% and 29.8%, respectively. The frequency of depressive symptoms was higher in women, individuals age ≥85 years, and those with less education and low monthly income. Anxiety symptom frequency was also higher in women and those with less education and low monthly income. Quality of life and sleep were worse in those with depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms.
Mortality associated with cardiovascular disease in patients with COVID-19	Cordero,  A,  Santos García-Gallego, et al	REC: CardioClinics	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	This study investigated if cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a possible risk factor for poorer outcomes in patients with COVID-19.  A total of 307 596 patients from 16 reports were included and 46 321 (15.1%) had CVD. Globally, mortality rate was 8.2% (20 534 patients) and mortality rates were higher in hospital registries (48.7%) compared to national reports (23.1%). A total of 11 213 (24.2%) patients with CVD died and mortality rates were also higher in hospital registries (48.7%) compared to national reports (23.1%). CVD was associated to a 4-fold higher risk of mortality (OR, 4.33; 95%CI, 3.16–5.94). Data from 28 048 patients with diabetes was available. Diabetes was associated to higher mortality risk (OR, 2.41; 95%CI, 1.79–3.26; P < .001). From 40 173 subjects with hypertension it was concluded that hypertension was also a risk factor for higher mortality (OR, 2.60; 95%CI, 2.10–3.21; P < .001).
Contrast between prevalence of HIT-antibodies and confirmed HIT in hospitalized COVID-19 patients: a prospective study with clinical implications	Delrue,  M,  Siguret, et al	Thromb Haemost	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Abstract and full text not available open access.
SARS-CoV-2 replicates in respiratory ex vivo organ cultures of domestic ruminant species	Di Teodoro,  G,  Valleriani, et al	Veterinary microbiology	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Animal model | Modèle animal	This study investigated the replication and tissue tropism of two different SARS-CoV-2 isolates in the respiratory tract of three farm animal species - cattle, sheep, and pigs - using respiratory ex vivo organ cultures (EVOCs). We demonstrate that the respiratory tissues of cattle and sheep, but not of pigs, sustain viral replication in vitro of both isolates and that SARS-CoV-2 is associated to ACE2-expressing cells of the respiratory tract of both ruminant species. Intriguingly, a SARS-CoV-2 isolate containing an amino acid substitution at site 614 of the spike protein (mutation D614G) replicated at higher magnitude in ex vivo tissues of both ruminant species, supporting previous results obtained using human cells.
Anxiety levels among social work students during the COVID-19 lockdown in Spain	Díaz-Jiménez,  PhD RM,  Caravaca-Sánchez, et al	Soc Work Health Care	Mental Health | santé mentale	This study explores levels of anxiety, and risk and protection factors among Social Work students at two universities in southern Spain. Thirty four percent were experiencing severe anxiety, and 28.5% mild to moderate, revealing that anxiety levels had increased significantly.
Frequency and Source of Worries in An International Sample of Pregnant and Postpartum Women During the COVID-19 Pandemic	Diego Wyszynski,  Diego,  Hernandez-Diaz, et al	Research Square prepub	Mental Health | santé mentale	The current study sought to assess the frequency and sources of worry during the COVID-19 pandemic in an international sample of pregnant and postpartum women. Different forms of support and stress also had an impact upon level of worry, while indicators of stress and anxiety were positively associated with worry level.
Diagnosis options in patients suffering from COVID-19- like symptoms	Dimeglio,  C,  Collot, et al	J Med Virol	Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	This study examined the role and performance of chest CT in the diagnosis of the coronavirus disease 2019. Included 311 consecutive patients with COVID-19-like symptoms who underwent a RT-PCR test on nasopharyngeal swab samples and a chest CT scan. Patients with a positive chest scan and a negative RT-PCR were screened for serum total anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies 2 months after the onset of symptoms using the Wantai test in order to arbitrate between RT-PCR and CT scans discordant results. Most of the RT-PCR and chest CT results agreed but the serological tests indicate that most CT positive/NAT negative patients are not infected by SARS-CoV-2 and alternative diagnoses should be seriously considered.
Understanding the Pathophysiological Changes Via Untargated Metabolomics in COVID-19 Patients	Doğan,  HO,  Şenol, et al	J Med Virol	Clinical data| Données cliniques	In this study, it is aimed to determine the variation of metabolites between healthy control and COVID-19 via the untargeted metabolomics method. Serum samples were obtained from 44 COVID-19 patients and 41 healthy controls. Untargeted metabolomics analyses were performed by LC/Q-TOF/MS method. Data acquisition, classification, and identification were achieved by the METLIN database and XCMS. Significant differences were determined between patients and healthy controls in terms of purine, glutamine, leukotriene D4 (LTD4) and glutathione metabolisms. Down regulations were determined in R-S lactoglutathione and glutamine. Up-regulations were detected in hypoxanthine, inosine, and LTD4. Identified metabolites indicate roles for purine, glutamine, LTD4, and glutathione metabolisms in the pathogenesis of the COVID-19.
Synthesis, molecular docking, and in silico ADME/Tox profiling studies of new 1-aryl-5-(3-azidopropyl)indol-4-ones: Potential inhibitors of SARS CoV-2 main protease	Domínguez-Villa,  FX,  Durán-Iturbide, et al	Bioorganic chemistry	Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	In this work, the researchers synthesized five new 1-aryl-5-(3-azidopropyl)indol-4-ones and showed them to be potential inhibitors of the SARS CoV-2 main protease (3CLpro). The compounds were obtained in good overall yields and molecular docking indicated favorable binding with 3CLpro. In silico ADME/Tox profile of the new compounds were calculated using the SwissADME and pkCSM-pharmacokinetics web tools, and indicated adequate values of absorption, distribution and excretion, features related to bioavailability. Moreover, low values of toxicity were indicated for these compounds. And drug-likeness levels of the compounds were also predicted according to the Lipinski and Veber rules.
Psychological symptoms among frontline healthcare workers during COVID-19 outbreak in Wuhan	Du,  J,  Dong, et al	General hospital psychiatry	Mental Health | santé mentale	This editorial reports on the study that examined the psychosocial impact of COVID-19 on frontline HCWs in Wuhan through a smartphone-based survey. 12.7% and 20.1% of HCWs had at least mild depressive and anxiety symptoms, respectively. After adjusting for age, gender, and residence of origin, logistic regression results show that a lack of perceived psychological preparedness, perceived self-efficacy to help the patients, family support; greater perceived stress; or having poor sleep quality were associated with both elevated depressive and anxiety symptoms. Lacking knowledge about COVID-19, higher education attainment, having family or friends infected the virus were also associated with elevated anxiety symptoms. Fear of getting infected for themselves and colleagues were ranked as the top sources of stress and anxiety.
Flank Pain as a Symptom of COVID-19	Durmus,  E,  Ok, et al	Urology	Clinical data| Données cliniques	The COVID-19 disease is spreading rapidly worldwide, and no vaccine or very effective drug has been found yet. However, the transmission rate of the disease can be reduced by taking precautions. Therefore, it is essential to detect the patients early to prevent the spread of the disease.1,2 We report a case of 26-year-old male patient who was admitted to our urology outpatient clinic with the complaint of flank pain and had incidental findings of COVID-19 in the lung bases on abdominal CT. © 2020 Elsevier Inc.
The psychological and social impacts on personal stress for residents quarantined for COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia	El Keshky,  MES,  Alsabban, et al	Archives of Psychiatric Nursing	Mental Health | santé mentale	The study investigates psychological and social moderators of anxiety, depression, and personal stress in Saudi Arabian residents quarantined for COVID-19. The results indicated that the overall prevalence of anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, and stress were 40.5%, 57.5%, and 55.5%, respectively. Cognitive reappraisal, satisfaction with life, and the social support of friends reduced depression and stress in quarantine. Additionally, females were more likely to be anxious but less likely to be depressed, while older residents generally experienced fewer anxiety and depression symptoms.
Bilateral Renal Artery Thrombosis in a Patient With COVID-19	El Shamy,  O,  Munoz-Casablanca, et al	Kidney Medicine	Clinical data| Données cliniques	This report presents a case of a patient with COVID-19 on systemic anticoagulation therapy who presented with a serum creatinine level of 6.04 mg/dL requiring the initiation of kidney replacement therapy and was found to have bilateral renal artery thrombosis.
Cerebrospinal fluid findings in neurological diseases associated with COVID-19 and insights into mechanisms of disease development	Espíndola,  OM,  Brandão, et al	International Journal of Infectious Diseases	Clinical data| Données cliniques	This study analyzed the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection and neurological manifestations to provide evidence for the understanding of mechanisms associated with central nervous system (CNS) involvement in COVID-19. CSF of patients with inflammatory neurological diseases was characterized by pleocytosis and elevated total protein and NfL levels. Patients with encephalopathy were mostly older men (mean age of 61.0 ± 17.6 years) with evidence of cerebrovascular disease. SARS-CoV-2 RNA in CSF was detected in 2 of 58 cases: a patient with refractory headache, and another patient who developed ADEM four days after onset of COVID-19 symptoms. Three patients presented intrathecal IgG synthesis, and four had identical oligoclonal bands in CSF and serum, indicating systemic inflammation.
Association of Statin Use With the In-Hospital Outcomes of 2019-Coronavirus Disease Patients: A Retrospective Study	Fan,  Y,  Guo, et al	Frontiers in Medicine	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	This study investigated the association between the use of statins and in-hospital outcomes of patients with COVID-19. A total of 2,147 patients with COVID-19 were enrolled in this study. Of which, 250 patients were on statin therapy. The mortality was 2.4% (6/250) for patients taking statins while 3.7% (70/1,897) for those not taking statins. In the multivariate Cox model, after adjusting for age, gender, admitted hospital, comorbidities, in-hospital medications and blood lipids, the risk was lower for mortality (adjusted HR, 0.428; 95% CI, 0.169–0.907; P = 0.029), acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) (adjusted HR, 0.371; 95% CI, 0.180–0.772; P = 0.008) or intensive care unit (ICU) care (adjusted HR, 0.319; 95% CI, 0.270–0.945; P = 0.032) in the statin group vs. the non-statin group.The favorable outcomes in statin users remained statistically significant in the first sensitivity analysis with comorbid diabetes being excluded in matching and in the second sensitivity analysis with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease being added in matching.
Trajectories of anxiety and depressive symptoms during enforced isolation due to COVID-19 in England: a longitudinal observational study	Fancourt,  Daisy,  Steptoe, et al	The Lancet Psychiatry	Mental Health | santé mentale	BackgroundThere is major concern about the impact of the global COVID-19 outbreak on mental health. Several studies suggest that mental health deteriorated in many countries before and during enforced isolation (ie, lockdown), but it remains unknown how mental health has changed week by week over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to explore the trajectories of anxiety and depression over the 20 weeks after lockdown was announced in England, and compare the growth trajectories by individual characteristics.
Crowding Effects Dominate Demographic Attributes in COVID-19 Cases	Federgruen,  A,  Naha, et al	International Journal of Infectious Diseases	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	This study identified the socio-economic and demographic factors that drive the large variation in COVID-19 incidence rates observed within relatively compact geographic regions, and to quantify the relative impact of each of these factors.  Average household size emerges as the single most important driver behind the large variation in COVID-19 incidence rates. It independently explains 62% of the variation. The percentage of the population above the age of 65 and the percentage below the poverty line are also strongly positively associated with zip code incidence rates. As to ethnic/racial characteristics, the percentages of African Americans, Hispanics and Asians within the population are significantly associated, but the magnitude of the impact is smaller. (The proportion of Asians within a zip code has a negative association.) Contrary to common belief, population density, by itself, does not have a significantly positive impact (other than when a high population is driven by large household sizes).
COVID-19 related fatigue: which role for rehabilitation in post-COVID-19 patients? A case series	Ferraro,  F,  Calafiore, et al	J Med Virol	Long-Term Sequelae | séquelles à long terme Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This report describes 7 post-COVID-19 patients, mean aged 65.7±11.9 years, referred to a Northern-Italy Rehabilitation Unit due to generalized muscle weakness. They came from specialized COVID-19 Unit after two negative SARS-CoV-2 swab tests. The 57.1% suffered from severe dyspnoea affecting activities of daily living. We noticed that almost all patients (85.7%) showed a perception of exertion, but only Case 2, that needed intensive care unit in the acute phase, presented a severe fatigue (Borg Category Ratio 10 scale=7). After the rehabilitation treatment the 71.4% showed no fatigue and the other 2 cases reported only a very light perception of exertion.
Biomarkers of acute respiratory distress syndrome in adults hospitalised for severe SARS-CoV-2 infection in Tenerife Island, Spain	Figueira Gonçalves,  JM,  Hernández Pérez, et al	BMC Res Notes	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	In this study, ARDS was assessed within 72 h after admission of each of 153 consecutive, SARS-CoV-2 infected, adult patients to either of two hospitals in Tenerife, Spain. Within 72 h from admission, criteria matched ARDS (SpO2/FiO2 < 235) in 13.1% of cases. Found a significant, negative correlation between SpO2/FiO2 ratios and D-dimer, ferritin, and LDH levels (- 0.31, - 0.32, and - 0.41; p = 0.004, 0.004, and < 0.0001, respectively). In patients with ARDS, the mean LDH was 373 U/L (CI(95%): 300.6-445.3), but only 298 U/L (CI(95%): 274.7-323.1) when they did not develop the syndrome (p = 0.015). None of the additionally evaluated biomarkers correlated with the SpO2/FiO2 ratios. Serum LDH levels in patients hospitalised for COVID-19 correlate with ARDS, as defined by their SpO2/FiO2 ratio, and might help to predict said complication.
Variable sensitivity in molecular detection of SARS-CoV-2 in European Expert Laboratories: External Quality Assessment, June - July 2020	Fischer,  C,  Mögling, et al	J Clin Microbiol	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	We organized an external quality assessment (EQA) of molecular detection of SARS-CoV-2 for European expert laboratories. An EQA panel composed of 12 samples, containing either SARS-CoV-2 at different concentrations to evaluate sensitivity or other respiratory viruses to evaluate specificity of SARS-CoV-2 testing, was distributed to 68 laboratories in 35 countries. Specificity samples included seasonal human coronaviruses hCoV-229E, hCoV-NL63 and hCoV-OC43, as well as MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV and human influenza virus A and B. Sensitivity was variable among laboratories, particularly for low concentration SARS-CoV-2 samples.
Nutritional therapy for patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): Practical protocol from a single center highly affected by an outbreak of the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection	Formisano,  E,  Di Maio, et al	Nutrition	Clinical data| Données cliniques Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	The aim of this study was to provide an approach to reduce the risk for malnutrition and improve patients’ clinical outcomes. The nutritional treatment was well tolerated by the patients. Of the non-ICU patients, 19.1% died. They were mainly women, with higher body mass indices and older in age. Of the patients in the ICU, 53.1% died. Of the 94 non-ICU patients, 72 scored positive on at least one nutritional risk screening item (excluding age). Of the 94 non-ICU patients, 68 were >70 y of age. Non-ICU patients whose energy and protein needs were not met were older (P = 0.01) and had a higher death rate than patients whose needs were met (P < 0.001).
Incidence, clinical characteristics, risk factors and outcomes of Guillain-Barré syndrome in patients with Covid-19	Fragiel,  M,  Miró, et al	Ann Neurol	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	We diagnosed 11 Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) cases among 71,904 COVID patients attended at 61 Spanish emergency departments (ED) during the 2-month pandemic peak. The relative frequency of GBS among ED patients was higher in COVID (0.15‰) than non-COVID(0.02‰) patients (OR=6.30, 95%CI=3.18-12.5) as was the standardized incidence (9.44 and 0.69 cases/100,000-year, respectively, OR=13.5; 95%CI=9.87-18.4). Regarding clinical characteristics, olfactory-gustatory disorders were more frequent in COVID-GBS than non-COVID-GBS (OR=27.59, 95%CI=1.296-587) and COVID-non-GBS (OR=7.875, 95%CI=1.587-39.09) patients. Although COVID-GBS patients were more frequently admitted to intensive care, mortality was not increased versus control groups.
Fractal analysis of market (in)efficiency during the COVID-19	Frezza,  M,  Bianchi, et al	Finance Research Letters	Economics | Économie	Using the multifractional Brownian motion as a model of the price dynamics, we analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the efficiency of fifteen financial markets from Europe, US and Asia. We find that Asian markets (Hang Seng, Nikkei 225, Kospi) have recovered full efficiency, while European and US markets - after an initial rebound - have not yet returned to the pre-crisis level of efficiency. The inefficiency that currently characterizes US and European markets originates moderately high levels of volatility. © 2020 Elsevier Inc.
The local stability of a modified multi-strain SIR model for emerging viral strains	Fudolig,  M,  Howard, et al	PLoS One	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de sant&amp;eacute; publique	We study a novel multi-strain SIR epidemic model with selective immunity by vaccination. A newer strain is made to emerge in the population when a preexisting strain has reached equilbrium. We solved for four different equilibrium points and investigated the conditions for existence and local stability. The reproduction number was also determined for the epidemiological model and found to be consistent with the local stability condition for the disease-free equilibrium.
Development of acute kidney injury with massive granular casts and microscopic hematuria in patients with COVID-19: two case presentations with literature review	Fujimaru,  T,  Shimada, et al	Renal Replacement Therapy	Clinical data| Données cliniques	We present two cases of severe COVID-19 patients with acute kidney injury (AKI). Case presentation: A 77-year-old woman was suspected of having vancomycin-associated AKI, and a 45-year-old man was suspected of having heme pigment-induced AKI caused by rhabdomyolysis.
Corrected Minute Ventilation Is Associated With Mortality in ARDS Caused by COVID-19	Fusina,  F,  Albani, et al	Respir Care	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	The aim of our study was to assess the association between V̇(E(corr)) and hospital mortality.  V̇(E(corr)) was independently associated with hospital mortality in subjects with ARDS caused by COVID-19. V̇(E(corr)) could be used at the patient's bedside for outcome prediction and severity stratification, due to the simplicity of its calculation.
Complete Protection of Nasal and Lung Airways Against SARS-CoV-2 Challenge by Antibody Plus Th1 Dominant N- and S-Specific T-Cell Responses to Subcutaneous Prime and Thermally-Stable Oral Boost Bivalent hAd5 Vaccination in an NHP Study	Gabitzsch,  Elizabeth,  Safrit, et al	bioRxiv	Vaccine Research| Recherche sur les vaccins Animal model | Modèle animal	Here, we report our findings on the safety and efficacy of our hAd5 S-Fusion + N-ETSD subcutaneous (SC) prime and thermally-stable oral boost vaccine in generating SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing antibodies, eliciting N- and S-specific T-cell responses, and providing complete protection with the clearing of virus after challenge in Non-Human Primates (NHP).  In the rhesus macaque NHP model, the bivalent hAd5 S-Fusion + N-ETSD subcutaneous and oral vaccine provided complete protection of nasal passages and lung against SARS-CoV-2 challenge by eliciting neutralizing antibodies plus Th1 dominant N- and S-specific T-cell responses. Inhibition of viral replication within the first 24 hours post-challenge, in vaccinated NHP compared to placebo NHP, suggests the presence of SARS-CoV-2-specific cytotoxic T cells that rapidly cleared infected cells. The rapidity of clearance implies that shedding of live viruses may be attenuated as a result of vaccination and thus the vaccine has the potential to prevent transmission of virus y infected individuals.
Smartphone Based Alerting of First Responders During The COVID-19 Pandemic	Ganter,  Julian,  Damjanovic, et al	Research Square prepub	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	Here we describe the evolution of the Region der Lebensretter (RDL) system during the pandemic. The system was restarted on May 26th, 2020. The number of volunteers newly registering for the system remained unchanged between 10 – 71 per month after restart of the system. The proportions of alarms with at least one first responder accepting among all activations of the system remained at approximately 50%, assuming that the volunteers being equipped with PPE felt safe during the COVID-19 pandemic.
COVID-19 presenting with nystagmus	García-Romo,  E,  Blanco, et al	Archivos de la Sociedad Espanola de Oftalmologia	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Article in Spanish. This case reports a 20-year-old female patient who was in northern Italy when the state of emergency was declared on the 31st of January 2020, developing 15 days after return to Spain upper respiratory symptoms characterized by fever, headache and anosmia that was treated as sinusitis.
Self-reported psychological distress during the COVID-19 outbreak in Nepal: findings from an online survey	Gautam,  K,  Adhikari, et al	BMC Psychol	Mental Health | santé mentale	This paper aims to report the findings from a social media survey on psychological impacts of COVID-19 in Nepal.  The study suggested that half of the respondents suffered from at least one symptom of psychological distress whereas 32% suffered from two or more symptoms of psychological distress such as restlessness, fearfulness, anxiety and worry and sadness in the past 2 weeks preceding the survey date. The findings further suggested that respondents having lower family income, residing in rented room, and participants from province 2 were more likely to suffer from both single and multiple symptoms of psychological distress.
Phone-based outpatients' follow-up in mental health centers during the COVID-19 quarantine	Gentile,  A,  Torales, et al	Int J Soc Psychiatry	Mental Health | santé mentale	This study aims to report on findings from a phone-based clinical follow-up conducted in two large catchment areas in Italy and Paraguay, during the COVID-19 lockdown, in order to provide psychiatric assessments and measure the level of stress related to the quarantine in a large sample of psychiatric outpatients. Findings confirmed a significant increase of general psychopathology, anxiety and fear as well as mild levels of stress related to the quarantine. Also, significant weight gain during the lockdown was detected among patients.
Changes in Drug Use Patterns During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Italy: Monitoring a Vulnerable Group by Hair Analysis	Gili,  Alessio,  Bacci, et al	Research Square prepub	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study presents for the first time experimental laboratory data on the use of alcohol and drugs in a high-risk population during Italy's first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. There was a general decrease in the use of traditional drugs during the lockdown: the number of samples positive for heroin, cocaine, MDMA and cannabis fell considerably and then resumed to pre-lockdown levels when the period of confinement was over. Interestingly, the consumption of benzodiazepines and alcohol followed the opposite trend. The number of benzodiazepine-positive samples increased and remained high even at the end of the lockdown. Similarly, alcohol consumption underwent a significant increase during the period of confinement and remained high even after the lockdown restrictions were lifted.
Factors associated with mental health outcomes among health care workers in the Fangcang shelter hospital in China	Gu,  Y,  Zhu, et al	Int J Soc Psychiatry	Mental Health | santé mentale	The aims of this study were to evaluate psychological impact on health care workers in the Fangcang shelter hospitals and analyze potential risk factors associated with these symptoms, including PTSS, symptoms of anxiety, depression, insomnia, and perceived stress. Overall, 25.3%, 25.3%, 51.0%, 58.0%, 14.8%, and 39.1% of all participants reported symptoms of posttraumatic stress, anxiety, depression, insomnia, and perceived stress, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that, occupation and technical title were associated with all investigated outcomes.
Meteorological factors and COVID-19 incidence in 190 countries: An observational study	Guo,  C,  Bo, et al	Science of the Total Environment	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	This study aimed to investigate the associations between meteorological factors and COVID-19 incidence and mortality worldwide. This study included 1,908,197 confirmed cases of and 119,257 deaths from COVID-19 from 190 countries between 23 January and 13 April, 2020. An inverse association was identified between the COVID-19 incidence and temperature. An inverse J-shaped association was observed between relative humidity and the COVID-19 incidence, with the highest risk at 72%. A higher wind speed was associated with a generally lower incidence of COVID-19, although the associations were weak.
The D614G Mutation Enhances the Lysosomal Trafficking of SARS-CoV-2 Spike	Guo,  Chenxu,  Tsai, et al	bioRxiv	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	We report here that spike is trafficked to lysosomes and that the D614G mutation enhances the lysosomal sorting of spike and the lysosomal accumulation of spike-positive punctae in SARS-CoV-2-infected cells. Spike trafficking to lysosomes is an endocytosis-independent, vacuolar ATPase-dependent process, and spike-containing lysosomes drive lysosome clustering but display poor lysotracker labeling and reduced uptake of endocytosed materials.
Plasma-activated water: An alternative disinfectant for S protein inactivation to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection	Guo,  L,  Yao, et al	Chemical Engineering Journal	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI)	In this study, pseudoviruses with the SARS-CoV-2 S protein were used as a model, and plasma-activated water (PAW) effectively inhibited pseudovirus infection through S protein inactivation. The RBD was used to study the molecular details, and the RBD binding activity was inactivated by plasma-activated water through the RBD modification. The short-lived reactive species in the PAW, such as ONOO−, played crucial roles in this inactivation. Plasma-activated water after room-temperature storage of 30 days remained capable of significantly reducing the RBD binding with hACE2.
Association of PTSD with COVID-19 testing and infection in the Veterans Health Administration	Haderlein,  TP,  Wong, et al	Journal of psychiatric research	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Mental Health | santé mentale	This study aimed to evaluate pre-existing PTSD as a predictor of COVID-19 testing and test positivity. The sample consisted of 6,721,407 veterans who sought VA care between March 1, 2018 and February 29, 2020. Veterans with a previous PTSD clinical diagnosis were more likely to receive COVID-19 testing than veterans without PTSD. However, among those with available COVID-19 test results (n = 168,032), veterans with a previous PTSD clinical diagnosis were less likely to test positive than veterans without PTSD. Elevated COVID-19 testing rates among veterans with PTSD may reflect increased COVID-19 health concerns and/or hypervigilance.
Gender Differences in Mental Health Outcomes Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic and a Collapsing Economy: A Cross-Sectional Study	Hajj,  Aline,  Badro, et al	Research Square prepub	Mental Health | santé mentale Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study primarily aimed to assess the effects of the COVID-19 and economy-related variables on Lebanese adults’ mental health, focusing on gender differences. The multivariate analysis, adjusted on sociodemographic characteristics, economic, and coronavirus-related variables, showed that women exhibit higher levels of stress, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) than men. Moreover, violence at home was associated with more stress and insomnia, with borderline results for anxiety and well-being.
Experimental challenge of a North American bat species, big brown bat (Eptesicus fuscus), with SARS-CoV-2	Hall,  JS,  Knowles, et al	Transbound Emerg Dis	Transmission Animal model | Modèle animal	To help determine the impacts of the pandemic virus on North American bat populations, we experimentally challenged big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus) with SARS‐CoV‐2 under BSL‐3 conditions. We inoculated the bats both oropharyngeally and nasally, and over the ensuing three weeks we measured infectivity, pathology, virus concentrations in tissues, oral and rectal virus excretion, virus transmission, and clinical signs of disease. We found no evidence of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in any examined bat, including no viral excretion, no transmission, no detectable virus in tissues, and no signs of disease or pathology. Based on our findings it appears that big brown bats are resistant to infection with the SARS‐CoV‐2.
A Mechanism-based Pharmacokinetic Model of Remdesivir Leveraging Interspecies Scaling to Simulate COVID-19 Treatment in Humans	Hanafin,  PO,  Jermain, et al	CPT Pharmacometrics Syst Pharmacol	Therapeutics| Thérapeutique Animal model | Modèle animal	Our objective was to use existing in vivo mouse PK data for remdesivir and its metabolites to develop a mechanism-based model to allometrically scale and simulate the human PK of remdesivir in plasma and NTP in lung homogenate. Simulations of unbound remdesivir concentrations in human plasma were below 2.48 μM, the 90% maximal inhibitory concentration for SARS-CoV-2 inhibition in vitro. Simulations of NTP in lung were below high efficacy in vitro thresholds.
Actionable Cytopathogenic Host Responses of Human Alveolar Type 2 Cells to SARS-CoV-2	Hekman,  RM,  Hume, et al	Molecular cell	Clinical data| Données cliniques	We performed a quantitative phosphoproteomic survey of induced pluripotent stem cell-derived AT2s (iAT2s) infected with SARS-CoV-2 at air-liquid interface (ALI). Comparison to analogous data from transformed cell lines revealed respiratory-specific processes hijacked by SARS-CoV-2, highlighting potential novel therapeutic avenues that were validated by a high hit rate in a targeted small molecule screen in our iAT2 ALI system. We leveraged our dataset to discover antiviral drug targets by identifying signaling linchpins.
Positive correlation between long term emission of several air pollutants and COVID-19 deaths in Sweden	Helander,  Lars	medRxiv	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	Here, we investigate whether such a link can be found also in Sweden, a country with low population density and a relatively good air quality in general, with low background levels of important pollutants such as PM2.5 and NO2. We find a fairly strong correlation for PM2.5, PM10 and SO2, and a moderate one for NOx. We find no correlation neither for CO, nor (as expected) for CO2.  We also show that although there are small positive correlations between population density and COVID-19 deaths in the studied municipalities (which are for the most part rural and non densely populated) they are either weak or not statistically significant.
Estimating the Predictive Value of Negative SARS-CoV-2 Results: A Prospective Study	Hirschwerk,  D,  Foley, et al	Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	We performed a prospective study of 501 patients, regardless of symptoms, admitted to the hospital, to estimate the predictive value of a negative Nasopharyngeal swab for SARS-CoV-2. At a positivity rate of 10.2%, the estimated Negative Predictive Value (NPV) was 97.2% and NPV rose as prevalence decreased during the study.
Is COVID-19 Associated With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder?	Horn,  M,  Wathelet, et al	J Clin Psychiatry	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of and risk factors for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in patients with COVID-19. RESULTS: 180 patients were included in this study, and 138 patients completed the 2 evaluations. Among the 180 patients, 70.4% patients required hospitalization, and 30.7% were admitted to the intensive care unit. The prevalence of PTSD was 6.5%, and the predictive factors of PTSD included psychological distress at the onset of the illness and a stay in an intensive care unit.
Research on fine-grained classification of rumors in public crisis - Take the COVID-19 incident as an example Shuaipu	Huazhong,  C		Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	Based on the rumor data of several mainstream rumor refuting platforms, the pre-training model of BERT was used to fine-tuning in the context of COVID-19 events to obtain the feature vector representation of the rumor sentence level to achieve fine-grained classification, and a comparative experiment was conducted with the TextCNN and TextRNN models. Result / Conclusion: The results show that the classification1F value of the model designed in this paper reaches 98.34%, which is higher than the TextCNN and TextRNN models by 2%, indicating that the model in this paper has a good classification judgment ability for COVID-19 rumors, and provides certain reference value for promoting the coordinated refuting of rumors during the public crisis. After sorting the data set, a total of 1428 rumors for health, 405 rumors for science, and 1904 rumors for society were obtained.
CoroDet: A deep learning based classification for COVID-19 detection using chest X-ray images	Hussain,  E,  Hasan, et al	Chaos, Solitons and Fractals	Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	A novel CNN model called CoroDet for automatic detection of COVID-19 by using raw chest X-ray and CT scan images have been proposed in this study. Results: The performance of our proposed model was compared with ten existing techniques for COVID detection in terms of accuracy. A classification accuracy of 99.1% for 2 class classification, 94.2% for 3 class classification, and 91.2% for 4 class classification was produced by our proposed model, which is obviously better than the state-of-the-art-methods used for COVID-19 detection to the best of our knowledge.
Serological diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2. Diagnostic rentability of a chemiluminescence test	Infante Urrios,  A,  Navarro Pérez, et al	Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	We set out to know the performance of Liaison® SARS-CoV-2 S1 / 2 IgG Diasorin using serum samples from the blood bank of recovered COVID-19 patients, potential hyperimmune plasma donors. We studied a set of 91 sera from 57 patients, all of them with positive RT-PCR.  With these data, the sensitivity obtained for the Diasorin IgG CLIA test was 90.1%. In two of the patients with false negative results, it was observed that the collection of the sample was closer to the moment of infection.
Evaluation of the chronic disease management and depression levels of people over 65 years of age during the COVID-19 pandemic period	Irmak,  AY,  Çelikkalp, et al	Perspect Psychiatr Care	Mental Health | santé mentale	The present study aimed to determine the depression risk and the management of chronic diseases of individuals over 65 years old under the mandatory mass coronavirus disease 2019 quarantine. Of the participants, 51.9% of them carried the risk of depression.
Does solar ultraviolet radiation play a role in COVID-19 infection and deaths? An environmental ecological study in Italy	Isaia,  G,  Diémoz, et al	Science of the Total Environment	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	The main objective of this work is to investigate whether any correlations exist between the spatial distribution of COVID-19 cases and deaths in the different Italian regions and the amount of solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation at the Earth's surface. The analysis shows a significant correlation between the response variables (death percentage, incidence of infections and positive tests) and biologically effective solar UV radiation, residents in nursing homes per inhabitant (NHR), air temperature, death percentage due to the most frequent comorbidities. Among all factors, the amount of solar UV radiation is the variable contributing the most to the observed correlation, explaining up to 83.2% of the variance of the COVID-19 affected cases per population.
Impact of the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on anxiety diagnosis in general practices in Germany	Jacob,  L,  Smith, et al	Journal of psychiatric research	Mental Health | santé mentale	The goal of this study was to compare the number of adults with a diagnosis of anxiety disorder and the number of adults newly diagnosed with anxiety disorder in Germany between January–June 2019 and January–June 2020, and to identify potential differences in terms of sociodemographic characteristics, prescriptions and comorbidities between these patients. An increase in the number of patients with anxiety disorder was observed in 2020 compared with 2019. There was also an increase in the number of patients newly diagnosed with anxiety disorder between March–June 2020 and March–June 2019. Antidepressants, anxiolytics and herbal sedatives were less frequently prescribed in patients newly diagnosed with anxiety disorder in 2020 than in 2019. Finally, COPD and asthma were more frequent in 2020 than in 2019.
Smoking cessation subjects in Beijing communities were isolated at home during the COVID-19 pandemic-—Study on the influence of smoking behaviour and willingness to quit smoking	Jin,  Qianying,  Qiao, et al	Research Square prepub	Mental Health | santé mentale Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The aim was to to explore this pandemic’s impacts on people’s smoking behaviours, relapse thoughts, and willingness to quit smoking among quitters, to provide information and guidance on quit smoking during the normalised period of epidemic prevention and control. The changes in smoking volume before and during the epidemic of the incomplete quitters were affected by anxiety, calmness, mental and emotional states similar to usual, other reasons for smoking such as addiction and habits, and their willingness to quit during the epidemic. Among the people who did not completely quit smoking before the epidemic, the idea of relapse was affected by depression, calm mental and emotional state, reasons for smoking that relieve boredom and leisure, and the willingness to quit smoking during the epidemic. And there is a negative correlation between the willingness to quit smoking during the epidemic and the time at home each day.
Vascular Surgery During COVID-19 Emergency in Hub Hospitals of Lombardy: Experience on 305 Patients	Kahlberg,  A,  Mascia, et al	European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	This study reports the experience of the four Hubs for Vascular Surgery in Lombardy and provides a comparison of in hospital mortality and major adverse events (MAEs) according to COVID-19 testing. Among 305 included patients, 64 (21%) tested positive for COVID-19 (COVID group) and 241 (79%) did not (non-COVID group). COVID patients presented more frequently with acute limb ischaemia than non-COVID patients and had a significantly higher in hospital mortality. Clinical success, MAEs, re-interventions, and pulmonary and renal complications were significantly worse in COVID patients. Independent risk factors for in hospital death were COVID, medical treatment, and emergency setting. COVID, obesity class V, and emergency setting were independent risk factors for development of MAEs.
Prediction of deaths caused by covid-19 using machine learning	Kanaga Suba Raja,  S,  Kiruthika, et al	European Journal of Molecular and Clinical Medicine	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	The SEIR models which were practiced earlier could not predict death rates accurately due to certain limitations in the procedure. This paper is presented with a model which can efficiently predict the deaths due to covid-19 in every state in India.
Ultrasensitive Detection Platform of Disease Biomarkers Based on Recombinase Polymerase Amplification with H-Sandwich Aptamers	Kang,  J,  Jang, et al	Anal Chem	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	In this study, we developed a heterogeneous sandwich-type sensing platform based on recombinase polymerase amplification using DNA aptamers specific to the target biomarker. We applied this method for the detection of protein biomarkers for various infectious diseases including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and observed attomolar-level detection of biomarkers and low cross-reactivity between different viruses. We also confirmed detection efficiency of the proposed method using clinical samples.
STELAR: Spatio-temporal Tensor Factorization with Latent Epidemiological Regularization	Kargas,  Nikos,  Qian, et al	ArXiv	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	We construct a 3-way spatio-temporal tensor (location, attribute, time) of case counts and propose a nonnegative tensor factorization with latent epidemiological model regularization named STELAR.  We conduct experiments using both county- and state-level COVID-19 data and show that our model can identify interesting latent patterns of the epidemic. Finally, we evaluate the predictive ability of our method and show superior performance compared to the baselines, achieving up to 21% lower root mean square error and 25% lower mean absolute error for county-level prediction.
Transmissibility of COVID-19 depends on the viral load around onset in adult and symptomatic patients	Kawasuji,  H,  Takegoshi, et al	PLoS One	Transmission Clinical data| Données cliniques	This study investigates the relationship between viral load and secondary transmission in COVID-19. Median viral load at the initial sample collection was significantly higher in symptomatic than in asymptomatic patients and in adults than in children. Among symptomatic patients (n = 18), non-linear regression models showed that the estimated viral load at onset was higher in the index than in the non-index patients (median [95% confidence interval]: 6.6 [5.2–8.2] vs. 3.1 [1.5–4.8] log copies/μL, respectively). In adult (symptomatic and asymptomatic) patients (n = 21), median viral load at the initial sample collection was significantly higher in the index than in the non-index patients (p = 0.015, 3.3 vs. 1.8 log copies/μL, respectively).
COVID-19 Detection in Chest X-Ray Images using a New Channel Boosted CNN	Khan,  Saddam Hussain,  Sohail, et al	ArXiv	Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	In this work, a new classification technique CB-STM-RENet based on deep Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Channel Boosting is developed for the detection of COVID-19 from chest X-Rays. In this connection, to learn the COVID-19 specific radiographic patterns, a new convolution block based on split-transform-merge (STM) is developed.  The performance comparison of the proposed deep CB-STM-RENet with the existing techniques exhibits high classification performance both in discriminating COVID-19 chest infections from healthy, as well as, other types of chest infections. CB-STM-RENet provides the highest performance on all these three datasets; especially on the stringent CoV-NonCoV-15k dataset. The good detection rate (97%), and high precision (93%) of the proposed technique suggest that it can be adapted for the diagnosis of COVID-19 infected patients.
Determinants of covid-19 death rate in Europe: Empirical analysis	Kozlovskyi,  S,  Bilenko, et al	Problemy Ekorozwoju	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	The aim of the work is to develop the system dynamics model for assessing the impact of the different factors on the COVID19 death rate in Europe. There were tested three hypotheses about factors of reducing the COVID-19 death rate with the help of linear regression analysis. The density of the population of European countries doesn’t affect the COVID-19 death rate. Also, COVID-19 death rate does not drastically affect mortality statistics. But the level of country’s economic development is a factor of COVID-19 death rate because in high developed countries the pandemic death rate is lower, regardless of the mechanisms of the spread of the disease and its impact on human health.
Increased Prevalence of Face Mask-Induced Itch in Health Care Workers	Krajewski,  PK,  Matusiak, et al	Biology (Basel)	Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI) Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence, intensity and clinical characteristics of face-mask-induced itch during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in the health care workers (HCW) group. A Google® Forms Internet survey was completed by 1156 HCW. Of the people who wore face masks (three layers of surgical, cloth, respirators and half-face masks), 31.6% reported itch. Sensitive skin, atopic predisposition and facial dermatoses significantly predisposed users to the development of itch. The vast majority of subjects reported itch of moderate intensity. Itch in HCW may cause scratching and decrease the effectiveness of the necessary protection. The results indicate that face-mask-associated itch is an important problem, which should be addressed in future studies.
The early use of sepsis scores to predict respiratory failure and mortality in non-ICU patients with COVID-19	Lalueza,  A,  Lora-Tamayo, et al	Revista clinica espanola	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	This observational retrospective study aimed to investigate the usefulness of Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA), Quick SOFA (qSOFA), National Early Warning Score (NEWS), and quick NEWS in predicting respiratory failure and death among patients with COVID-19 hospitalized outside of intensive care units (ICU). We included 237 adults hospitalized with COVID-19 who were followed-up on for one month or until death. Respiratory failure was defined as a PaO2/FiO2 ratio ≤ 200 mmHg or the need for mechanical ventilation. Respiratory failure occurred in 77 patients (32.5%), 29 patients (12%) were admitted to the ICU, and 49 patients (20.7%) died. Discrimination of respiratory failure was slightly higher in NEWS, followed by SOFA. Regarding mortality, SOFA was more accurate than the other scores. In conclusion, sepsis scores are useful for predicting respiratory failure and mortality in COVID-19 patients. A NEWS score ≥ 4 was found to be the best cutoff point for predicting respiratory failure.
Racial disparities in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 infection and gynecologic malignancy	Lara,  OD,  Smith, et al	Cancer	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	The association of race in a cohort of gynecologic oncology patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome‐coronavirus 2 infection is investigated. Although Black patients represented only one‐third of patients with gynecologic cancer, they accounted for disproportionate rates of hospitalization (>45%) and death (>40%) because of COVID‐19 infection; younger Black patients had a nearly 5‐fold greater risk of hospitalization.
Social participation and posttraumatic growth: The serial mediation of hope, social support, and reappraisal	Laslo-Roth,  R,  George-Levi, et al	J Community Psychol	Mental Health | santé mentale	the goal of the study was to detect factors that might enhance people's ability to experience positive psychological change during traumatic events. As such, this study examined the relationship between social participation and posttraumatic growth (PTG) during the coronavirus outbreak and tested the mediating role of hope, social support, and cognitive reappraisal in explaining this relationship. The sample consisted of 275 participants (21.8% male, and 78.2% female, with an average age of 33.42, SD = 13.63), subjected to social‐distancing regulations during this period. Results demonstrated a serial mediation model in which social participation predicted PTG directly and indirectly through hope (pathways and agency), social support, and cognitive reappraisal. The importance of social participation in nourishing personal resources and practical implications including the need for prevention programs are discussed.
The psychological consequences of COVID-19 lockdowns	Le,  K,  Nguyen, et al	International Review of Applied Economics	Mental Health | santé mentale	Our mechanism analyses suggest that these detrimental impacts could be attributed to concerns towards food, housing, and employment security. We further show that African Americans and women are especially susceptible to the adverse repercussions of the lockdowns. The findings imply that lockdowns should be accompanied by policies aimed to prevent mental health burden and deepening inequality.
Cytomegalovirus haemorrhagic colitis complicating COVID-19 in an immunocompetent critically ill patient: A case report	Leemans,  S,  Maillart, et al	Clinical Case Reports	Clinical data| Données cliniques	this is the first described case of CMV end‐organ disease concomitant to COVID‐19 in an immunocompetent host.
Molecular docking of potential SARS-CoV-2 papain-like protease inhibitors	Li,  D,  Luan, et al	Biochemical and biophysical research communications	Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	We have utilized an in silico molecular docking approach to identify the possible inhibitors of the SARS-CoV-2 papain-like protease, by screening 21 antiviral, antifungal and anticancer compounds. Among them, Neobavaisoflavone has the highest binding energy for SARS-CoV-2 papain-like protease. These molecules could bind near the SARS-CoV-2 papain-like protease crucial catalytic triad, ubiquitination and ISGylation residues: Trp106, Asn109, Cys111, Met208, Lys232, Pro247, Tyr268, Gln269, His272, Asp286 and Thr301. Because blocking the papain-like protease is an important strategy in fighting against viruses, these compounds might be promising candidates for therapeutic intervention against COVID-19.
Effects of mask wearing on anxiety of teachers affected by COVID-19: A large cross-sectional study in China	Li,  Q,  Tarimo, et al	Journal of affective disorders	Mental Health | santé mentale Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between mask wearing practice and the risk of anxiety during the COVID-19 epidemic among teachers in Henan province, China. After adjusting for potential confounders, participants who knew the wrong type of mask had 17% increased odds of having anxiety compared to those who knew the proper type (Aor = 1.17; 95%CI: 1.11–1.24). Odds for anxiety were higher for teachers who did not know the proper way of wearing mask compared to those who knew it properly (aOR = 1.18; 95%CI: 1.07–1.30). Not adhering to proper behavior of mask wearing was associated with 39% increased odds for anxiety (aOR = 1.39; 95%CI: 1.18–1.64). The odds for anxiety for teachers who did not adhere to all the three parameters of proper mask wearing was about 2.55 times as much compared to those who reported full compliance to the parameters (aOR = 2.55; 95%CI: 1.22–5.35). We observed similar ORs on stratified analyses across gender and age groups.
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Treated With Awake Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in a Patient With COVID-19 Pneumonia	Li,  T,  Yin, et al	Journal of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia	Clinical data| Données cliniques	In this case report, the authors managed a case of ARDS resulting from COVID-19 pneumonia with awake ECMO. The use of awake ECMO in critically ill patients who respond poorly to MV may be a promising therapeutic strategy for managing patients with ARDS due to COVID-19 pneumonia.
Development of a SERS-based lateral flow immunoassay for rapid and ultra-sensitive detection of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM/IgG in clinical samples	Liu,  H,  Dai, et al	Sensors and Actuators, B: Chemical	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	In this study, we reported a surface-enhanced Raman scattering-based lateral flow immunoassay (SERS-LFIA) for the simultaneous detection of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM/IgG with high sensitivity.  The limit of detection of SERS-LFIA was 800 times higher than that of standard Au nanoparticle-based LFIA for target IgM and IgG. The SERS-LFIA biosensor was tested on 19 positive serum samples from COVID-19 patients and 49 negative serum samples from healthy people to demonstrate the clinical feasibility of our proposed assay. The results revealed that the proposed method exhibited high accuracy and specificity for patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Characteristics and effectiveness of the coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) prevention and control in a representative city in china	Liu,  P,  Ma, et al	Medical Science Monitor	Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	We assess the effectiveness of the control measures. in a representative city in China.   We identified 32 patients through different means in the first stage. All the imported patients entered this area before the lockdown. In 93.1% of patients, the last exposure occurred before the implementation of the stay-at-home order and centralized isolation. Tracing of high-risk people and RT-PCR screening identified 56.3% of cases. In the second stage, all the high-risk people were under centralized isolation. Nine asymptomatic patients were identified. City lockdown and stay-at-home orders were not issued again, and no second-generation patients were found. Conclusions: We have provided a successful model to control the transmission of COVID-19 in a short period.
Role of Railway Transportation in the Spread of the Coronavirus: Evidence From Wuhan-Beijing Railway Corridor	Liu,  R,  Li, et al	Frontiers in Built Environment	Transmission Public health interventions*| Interventions de sant&amp;eacute; publique	The current study aims to analyze the potential spread of the coronavirus through rail transport by considering the case of the Wuhan-Beijing railway corridor in China. It has been found that approximately 43,000 people travel daily through this railway line, which indicates a high chance for this railway line to spread the virus. The findings of this study establish that the railway line leaving Wuhan carries approximately 43,000 people daily. The more people travel, the higher the chances are for the spread of the disease through this railway line. In line with that, the study has also analyzed the effectiveness of control measures such as lockdown, the use of masks, sanitization, and social distancing for railway authorities as well as passengers. This study concludes by proposing new practical recommendations for further controlling the spread of the disease in Wuhan.
Tracing the driving forces responsible for the remarkable infectivity of 2019-nCoV: 1. Receptor binding domain in its bound and unbound states	Liu,  Z,  Xia, et al	Phys Chem Chem Phys	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	By means of molecular dynamics simulations, this work addressed the behavior of 2019-nCoV in two aspects: the binding affinity of its receptor binding domain (RBD) with ACE2, and its potential conformation preferences in its unbound state. The results showed that the RBD of 2019-nCov bound much stronger with ACE2 than that of SARS-CoV due to a better organized hydrogen bond network between the former pair with most of the residues at the contact interface sharing the responsibility to hold the pair tightly. This is in contrast to the case of SARS-CoV, which strongly relied on the residues at the ends of the cleft. In its unbound state, the RBD of 2019-nCoV was found to fold part of its receptor binding motif (RBM) into a helical conformation and flip into a concave to minimize its contact with the external environment. This has the biological implication that the virus may achieve higher translational motion in the condensed phase and have a higher chance of survival by avoiding capture by the immune system before reaching its target receptor.
Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis in COVID-19: presentation of two cases and review of the literature	Lopes,  CCB,  Brucki, et al	Arq Neuropsiquiatr	Clinical data| Données cliniques	To describe two patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection and delayed recovery of consciousness after sedation withdrawal, in whom MRI disclosed multifocal white matter brain lesions, compatible with the diagnosis of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. These patients underwent neurologic and systemic evaluation for delayed awakening after sedation withdrawal. MRI displayed multifocal centrum semiovale lesions, suggestive of demyelinating inflammation. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for SARS-CoV-2 was negative in both cases.
Effects of Inhaled Nitric Oxide in COVID-19 induced ARDS - is it worthwhile?	Lotz,  C,  Muellenbach, et al	Acta Anaesthesiol Scand	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	We retrospectively analyzed arterial oxygenation and pulmonary vasoreactivity in seven COVID‐19 ARDS patients receiving 20ppm iNO for 15‐30 minutes. The inhalation of NO significantly improved oxygenation. All patients with severe ARDS had higher partial pressures of oxygen and reduced pulmonary vascular resistance. Significant changes in pulmonary shunting were not observed. Overall, iNO could provide immediate help and delay respiratory deterioration in COVID‐19 induced moderate to severe ARDS.
High-quality RT-PCR with chemically modified RNA controls	Luo,  G,  Zhang, et al	Talanta	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	In this study, we have found that commercial kits often adopt DNAs instead of RNAs as the positive controls, which can't report the kit problems in reverse transcription, thereby increasing risk of the false negative results when testing patient samples. To face the challenge, we have proposed and developed the chemically modified RNAs, such as phosphoroselenaote and phosphorothioate RNAs (Se-RNA and S-RNA), as the controls. We have found that while demonstrating the high thermostability, biostability, chemostability and exclusivity (or specificity), both Se-RNA and S-RNA can be fine templates for reverse transcription, indicating their potentials as both positive and negative controls for RT-PCR kits.
Increased incidence of otitis externa in covid-19 patients	Mady,  OM,  El-Ozairy, et al	American Journal of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Medicine and Surgery	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	257 cases who were confirmed positive for COVID-19, were examined otoscopic and endoscopic for otitis externa, onset of starting symptoms of otitis externa and its relation to days of infection with COVID-19 were documented and the prevalence of otitis externa with anosmia in the study group were estimated. Increased incidence of otitis externa in COVID-19 patients (18% of study group) and symptoms starting mainly between the 5th to 8th day of COVID-19 infection. Combined otitis externa and anosmia occurred in 13% of study group.
Cardiac Injury and Outcomes of Patients with COVID-19 in New York City	Maeda,  T,  Obata, et al	Heart Lung and Circulation	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	The aim of this study was to investigate the association of cardiac injury with ECG abnormality and with in-hospital mortality. One hundred and eight-one (181) patients were included, 54 of whom were in the cardiac injury group and 127 in the no cardiac injury group. The cardiac injury group was more likely to be older, have a history of coronary artery disease, atrial fibrillation and congestive heart failure compared to the no cardiac injury group (all p<0.05). the cardiac injury group had a significantly higher value of brain natriuretic peptide, procalcitonin, interleukin-6 and D-dimer (all p<0.05); they had numerically more frequent ECG abnormalities such as T wave inversion (13.2% versus 7.5%, p=0.23) and ST depression (1.9% versus 0.0%, p=0.13) although statistically not significant; they had significantly higher in-hospital mortality (42.3% versus 12.6%, p<0.001).
SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) superspreader events	Majra,  D,  Benson, et al	Journal of Infection	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	We summarize super spreader events (SSEs)that have occurred using multiple databases that have been cross referenced to ensure numbers are as reliable as we can ascertain. We categorize SSEs into two distinct groups: ‘societal’ and ‘isolated’ SSEs.  ‘Societal’ SSEs pose a significant threat as members of the event are free to mingle and can infect individuals in the outside community. On the other hand, ‘isolated’ SSEs can be effectively quarantined as only a few individuals can transmit the virus from the isolated community to the outside community, therefore lowering further societal infection.
Paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporally associated with COVID-19: a new virus and a new case presentation	Makiello,  P,  Svirpliene, et al	BMJ Case Rep	Clinical data| Données cliniques	An 11-year-old boy presented with features resembling those described in health alerts on Paediatric Inflammatory Multisystem Syndrome Temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 (PIMS-TS). Laboratory tests were consistent with PIMS-TS. Three SARS-CoV-2 PCRs on respiratory samples, taken over the initial 4-day period, were negative, as was a SARS-CoV-2 PCR on faeces 1 month after presentation; titres of IgG were clearly elevated. The negative PCRs in the presence of elevated titres of IgG suggest that the inflammatory syndrome might have developed in a late phase of COVID-19 infection when the virus was no longer detectable in the upper airway.
Pediatric COVID-19 and Appendicitis: A Gut Reaction to SARS-CoV-2?	Malhotra,  A,  Sturgill, et al	Pediatr Infect Dis J	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	We describe the temporal pattern of COVID-19 admissions to a tertiary care children’s hospital in central New Jersey during the SARS-CoV-2 surge, covering the time period from March 29 to July 26, 2020. Patients with symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection tended to present with pneumonia early during the study period, which coincided with the early surge in New Jersey cases. Approximately 2 weeks after the peak in reported SARS-CoV-2 cases in New Jersey, we began to see fewer pneumonia cases and an increase in admissions for Multi-Inflammatory Syndrome in Children and cases of acute appendicitis in association with a diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
In vitro antimicrobial, physicochemical, pharmacokinetics and molecular docking studies of benzoyl uridine esters against SARS-CoV-2 main protease	Matin,  MM,  Uzzaman, et al	J Biomol Struct Dyn	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	In vitro antimicrobial tests against nine bacteria and three fungi along with prediction of activity spectra for substances (PASS) indicated promising antifungal functionality of these uridine esters compared to the antibacterial activities. In support of this observation their cytotoxicity and molecular docking studies have been performed against lanosterol 14α-demethylase (CYP51A1) and Aspergillus flavus (1R51). Significant binding affinities were observed against SARS-CoV-2 main protease (7BQY) considering hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) as standard.
Health literacy and disparities in COVID-19-related knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and behaviours in Australia	McCaffery,  KJ,  Dodd, et al	Public Health Res Pract	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	Objectives: To explore the variation in understanding of, attitudes towards, and uptake of, health advice on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during the 2020 pandemic stage 3 restrictions (‘lockdown’) by health literacy in the Australian population. Our findings show that there are important disparities in COVID-19–related knowledge, attitudes and behaviours according to people’s health literacy and language.
Pandemic infection rates are deterministic but cannot be modeled	McCauley,  JL	AIP Advances	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Public health interventions*| Interventions de sant&amp;eacute; publique	Three models and their predictions are analyzed. Pandemic data for Austria, Germany, Italy, the USA, the UK, Finland, China, Taiwan, and Sweden are discussed.
Burnout, resilience and work engagement among Dutch intensivists in the aftermath of the COVID-19 crisis: A nationwide survey	Meynaar,  IA,  Ottens, et al	Journal of critical care	Mental Health | santé mentale	Our objective was to study burnout and its association with work engagement and resilience among Dutch intensivists in the aftermath of the COVID-19 crisis. The response rate was 27.2% with 162 evaluable responses. Thirteen respondents (8.0%) were classified as having burnout, 63 (38.9%) respondents were reporting high work engagement. Burnout was found to be negatively associated with both work engagement and resilience.
Ethno-cultural disparities in mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study on the impact of exposure to the virus and COVID-19-related discrimination and stigma on mental health across ethno-cultural groups in Quebec (Canada)	Miconi,  D,  Li, et al	BJPsych Open	Mental Health | santé mentale	We investigated the association of exposure to the virus, COVID-19-related discrimination and stigma with mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic, in a culturally diverse sample of adults in Quebec (Canada). A total of 3273 residents of the province of Quebec (49% aged 18–39 years, 57% women, 51% belonging to a minority ethno-cultural group) completed an online survey. Mental health varied significantly based on socioeconomic status and ethno-cultural group, with those with lower incomes and Arab participants reporting higher psychological distress. Exposure to the virus, COVID-19-related discrimination, and stigma were associated with poorer mental health. Associations with mental health varied across ethno-cultural groups, with exposed and discriminated Black participants reporting higher mental distress.
Severity of COVID-19 in children with cancer: Report from the United Kingdom Paediatric Coronavirus Cancer Monitoring Project	Millen,  GC,  Arnold, et al	Br J Cancer	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	We aimed to produce evidence of the incidence and outcomes from SARS-CoV-2 in children with cancer attending all hospitals treating this population across the UK. Between 12 March 2020 and 31 July 2020, 54 cases were identified: 15 (28%) were asymptomatic, 34 (63%) had mild infections and 5 (10%) moderate, severe or critical infections. No patients died and only three patients required intensive care support due to COVID-19. Estimated incidence of hospital identified SARS-CoV-2 infection in children with cancer under 16 was 3%. Children with cancer with SARS-CoV-2 infection do not appear at increased risk of severe infection compared to the general paediatric population.
Antibiotic Prescribing for Acute Rhinosinusitis: In-Person versus Virtual Visits During Covid-19	Miller,  LE,  Bhattacharyya, et al	Laryngoscope	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	During the massive transition to virtual visits for March to May 2020 due to the coronavirus pandemic shut down in Massachusetts, the total rate of outpatient antibiotic prescribing for cute rhinosinusitis (ARS) was lower in the virtual visit environment compared to the traditional in‐person visit.
Extended in vitro inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 by titanium dioxide surface coating	Mlcochova,  P,  Chadha, et al	bioRxiv	Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI)	We show tiles coated with TiO2 120 days previously can inactivate SARS-CoV-2 under ambient indoor lighting with 87% reduction in titres at 1h and complete loss by 5h exposure.
Impact of 2020 SARS-CoV-2 outbreak on telemedicine management of cardiovascular disease in Italy	Molinari,  G,  Brunetti, et al	Intern Emerg Med	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	We aimed to assess the impact of 2020 SARS-CoV-2 outbreak on telemedicine management of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in Italy. A dramatic reduction of telemedicine access for CVD was observed during Covid-19 outbreak in March 2020 in Italy. The reduction was substantially consistent for all electrocardiogram findings, ACS, other acute CVD and normal.
Impact of Right Ventricular Dysfunction on Mortality in Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19, According to Race	Moody,  WE,  Mahmoud-Elsayed, et al	CJC Open	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	This study sought to investigate the relationship between findings on echocardiography, mortality, and race in COVID-19 pneumonia. In patients hospitalized with COVID-19 pneumonia, reduced right ventricular (RV) systolic function is prevalent and associated with all-cause mortality. There is, however, no racial variation in the early findings on echocardiography, biomarkers, or mortality.
Vertical Transmission of COVID-19 to the Neonate	Moreno,  SC,  To, et al	Infectious diseases in obstetrics and gynecology	Transmission Clinical data| Données cliniques	Objective. To estimate the incidence rate of vertical transmission of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) to the neonate during the third trimester. We identified 19 symptomatic pregnant women diagnosed with COVID-19, including two women with twin pregnancies. Seven patients (36.8%) were delivered via cesarean. 12 patients (63.1%) presented in spontaneous labour, and 8 (38.1%) had preterm delivery. No maternal intensive care unit admission, maternal sepsis, or maternal mortality was observed. Twenty-one neonates were evaluated for COVID-19 after birth. SARS-CoV-2 rRT-PCR test results were negative in 100% of the neonates.
Abdominal Imaging Findings in Critically Ill Children With Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome Associated With COVID-19	Morparia,  K,  Park, et al	Pediatr Infect Dis J	Clinical data| Données cliniques	We report findings on abdominal imaging in critically ill children admitted with MIS-C. On sonography, hepatomegaly, nephromegaly, gallbladder wall edema, ascites, intestinal inflammation and mesenteric lymphadenopathy were seen, while CT showed fluid-filled small bowel loops, mural thickening of the terminal ileum, diffuse lymphadenopathy, and moderate ascites.
Multi-center Evaluation of the Cepheid Xpert® Xpress SARS-CoV-2/Flu/RSV Test	Mostafa,  HH,  Carroll, et al	J Clin Microbiol	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	In this study, the clinical performance of the Xpert® Xpress SARS-CoV-2/Flu/RSV test (Cepheid, Sunnyvale, CA, USA) for nasopharyngeal swab specimens was evaluated in four centers: Johns Hopkins Medical Microbiology Laboratory, Northwell Health Laboratories, NYC Public Health Laboratory, and Los Angeles County/University of Southern California (LAC+USC) Medical Center. A total of 319 nasopharyngeal swab specimens, positive for SARS-CoV-2 (n = 75), influenza A (n = 65), influenza B (n = 50), RSV (n = 38), or negative (n = 91) by the standard of care nucleic acid amplification tests at each site were tested using the Cepheid panel test.
Clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients with novel coronavirus disease-2019 infection and deep venous thrombosis	Motaganahalli,  RL,  Kapoor, et al	Journal of Vascular Surgery: Venous and Lymphatic Disorders	Clinical data| Données cliniques	This report investigates the relationship of significant COVID-19 infection and deep venous thrombosis (DVT) as reflected in the patient clinical and laboratory characteristics. We reviewed the demographics, clinical presentation, laboratory and radiologic evaluations, results of venous duplex imaging and mortality of COVID-19-positive patients (18-89 years) admitted to the Indiana University Academic Health Center.
Successful Catheter-Directed Thrombolysis for Acute Lower Limb Ischemia Secondary to COVID-19 Infection	Muhammad,  K,  Tantawy, et al	Annals of Vascular Surgery	Clinical data| Données cliniques	A 49-year-old man was admitted to his local hospital with left leg pain and breathing difficulties. He had negative nasopharyngeal polymerase chain reaction tests for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Chest X-ray and Computed tomography pulmonary angiogram displayed typical coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) radiological features.
Diagnosis-wide analysis of COVID-19 complications: an exposure-crossover study	Murk,  W,  Gierada, et al	Cmaj	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	We sought to study all possible complications of COVID-19 to confirm previously reported complications and to identify potential complications not yet known. Among 70 288 patients with COVID-19, 69 of 1724 analyzed ICD-10-CM diagnosis codes were significantly associated with COVID-19.
PMC7683303; Coronavirus (Covid-19) pandemic: How may communication strategies influence our behaviours?	Muselli,  M,  Cofini, et al	Int J Disaster Risk Reduct	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study has aimed at evaluating public attention to this emerging disease through the use of Google Trends. Public attention, measured as the volume of internet search activity, was correlated with Health Communication Strategies and official COVID-19 data. At the moment of the study analysis, Italy was by far the first country in terms of search volume for “coronavirus” and the highest peak of searches was reached on February 23, 2020.
Predictors of adverse in-hospital outcome and recovery in patients with diabetes mellitus and COVID-19 pneumonia in Iraq	Nafakhi,  H,  Alareedh, et al	Diabetes Metab Syndr	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	We aimed to assess blood indices, ECG markers of sudden death and malignant arrhythmias on admission, and diabetes lowering drugs as possible predictors of adverse in-hospital outcome and COVID-19 pneumonia recovery status. A total of 192 patients with COVID-19 pneumonia were included in the present study, of whom 67 patients had DM. Metformin and DPP-4 inhibitors use were associated with favorable in-hospital outcomes, while insulin use was associated with extensive lung injury and post-acute COVID-19 pneumonia partial recovery.
Mortality in COVID-19: Further Evidence for a Sex-Based Difference in the OpenSAFELY Study	Newman,  CB	J Womens Health (Larchmt)	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	New evidence supports a sex-based difference in COVID-19 mortality. Data from the OpenSAFELY cohort study in 17 million adult patients in England demonstrate that COVID-19-related deaths were associated with male sex (hazard ratio 1.59; 95% confidence interval 1.53–1.65) when fully adjusted for age, low income, smoking, pre-existing diseases, and ethnicity. Women have stronger innate and adaptive responses to infection. It is hypothesized that biological differences in the immune system may have a role in the sex-based difference in mortality from COVID-19.
Single dose immunization with a COVID-19 DNA vaccine encoding a chimeric homodimeric protein targeting receptor binding domain (RBD) to antigen-presenting cells induces rapid, strong and long-lasting neutralizing IgG, Th1 dominated CD4+ T cells and strong	Norheim,  Gunnstein,  Stubsrud, et al	bioRxiv	Vaccine Research| Recherche sur les vaccins Animal model | Modèle animal	We here describe the development of novel COVID-19 DNA plasmid vaccines encoding homodimers consisting of a targeting unit that binds chemokine receptors on antigen-presenting cells (human MIP-1α /LD78β), a dimerization unit (derived from the hinge and CH3 exons of human IgG3), and an antigenic unit (Spike or the receptor-binding domain (RBD) from SARS-CoV-2). The candidate encoding the longest RBD variant (VB2060) demonstrated high secretion of a functional protein and induced rapid and dose-dependent RBD IgG antibody responses that persisted up to at least 3 months after a single dose of the vaccine in mice.
COVID-19 and coinfection with Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile in an infant with gastrointestinal manifestation	Oba,  J,  Silva, et al	Einstein (Sao Paulo)	Clinical data| Données cliniques	We report the clinical case of an infant with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection with gastrointestinal signs and symptoms, predominantly vomiting. The patient also had colic, poor feeding, mild diarrhea and mild rhinorrhea without fever. The child had evidence of altered coagulation, increased interleukin 10, moderate dehydration and she was admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit. Simultaneously, the patient was diagnosed as Clostridioides difficile infection, which possibly may have facilitated the persistence of SARS-CoV-2 in feces, for more than 27 days, even after the nasopharyngeal test turned negative.
Effectiveness of using a meditation app in reducing anxiety and improving well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic: A structured summary of a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial	O'Donnell,  KT,  Dunbar, et al	Trials	RCT	This interventional study will investigate the effect of daily use of a mindfulness app on measures of participant anxiety, well-being, and perceived outlook during the COVID-19 pandemic, by comparing pre-intervention survey responses to post-intervention survey responses. Randomized, controlled trial with parallel assignment. Adults will be assigned either to daily use of a meditation app for 30 days or to a control group (no usage of meditation app) with a 1:1 equivalence allocation ratio.
Analysis of fatality of cases by the new coronavirus, in the Mexican state of Guanajuato: A cross-sectional study	Padilla-Raygoza,  Nicolas	Research Square prepub	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	Although Guanajuato state also has a high number of new cases, the fatality of cases is below the mean in Mexico. There were 100,109 suspected cases, 41.69% were positive for SARS-CoV-2. Among the Guanajuato population with COVID-19, the main risk factor for dying were advanced age and male sex; diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunosuppression, cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, obesity, and smoking are risk factors for dying from COVID-19. HIV/AIDS has no effect on fatality from SARS-CoV-2 disease. Asthma is shown as a protective factor for dying from COVID-19.
Severe acute kidney injury in COVID-19 patients is associated with in-hospital mortality	Paek,  JH,  Kim, et al	PLoS One	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	This study aimed to identify the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with COVID-19 and to evaluate its impact on patient outcomes. This retrospective study included 704 patients with COVID-19 who were hospitalized at two hospitals in Daegu, Korea from February 19 to March 31, 2020. In conclusion, the incidence of AKI in patients with COVID-19 was 4.0%. Severe AKI was associated with in-hospital death.
Threats of unplanned movement of migrant workers for sudden spurt of COVID-19 pandemic in India	Pal,  SC,  Saha, et al	Cities	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	The unplanned movement during the nationwide lockdown period of COVID-19 pandemic has become a painful threat to migrant workers in India and abroad. To show the previous and present positive cases migrants, we selected AR (Auto Regressive) and MA (Moving Average) models that finally put together and established the ARIMA model to estimate the increase in the number of patients affected (Average 72%) in those states (Jharkhand, Bihar, West Bengal and Odisha) following the start of the SHRAMIK special train.
Changes in Social Media Impact of the Radiological Literature During the Covid-19 Pandemic	Patel,  V,  Li, et al	Academic Radiology	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The objective of this study was to determine how the social media impact of the radiological literature has changed during the Covid-19 pandemic. Social media engagement with the radiological literature significantly increased during the Covid-19 pandemic. This preferentially affected certain journals and articles addressing specific topics, reflecting the intense public interest in the diagnosis and treatment of Covid-19.
Intra-host variability in global SARS-CoV-2 genomes as signatures of RNA editing: implications in viral and host response outcomes	Pathak,  AnkitK,  Fatihi, et al	bioRxiv	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	In this study, using 1,347 transcriptomes of COVID-19 infected patients across various populations, we find variable prevalence of iSNVs with distinctly higher levels in Indian population. Our results also suggest that iSNVs can likely establish variants in a population.
Dyspnea as an alarm symptom. Importance of primary care in a new model of care for COVID-19 patients	Peiró Morant,  JF,  Frías Vargas, et al	Semergen	Clinical data| Données cliniques	A 49-year-old male patient with no relevant history, except grade 2 obesity, airport services personnel, recent contact with a confirmed case of COVID-19. He refers to a situation of work stress during the last months, with reactive anxiety and sleep disorder, with poor nutritional habits and little self-care of his health.
Mental Health Status of Psychogeriatric Patients During the 2019 New Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Pandemic and Effects on Caregiver Burden	Penteado,  CT,  Loureiro, et al	Frontiers in Psychiatry	Mental Health | santé mentale	The objectives of the present study were to examine the magnitude of psychiatric symptoms and to determine their association with caregiver distress, in a cross-section of community-dwelling older adults and a subsample of aging adults with Down syndrome (DS) attending a psychogeriatric service in São Paulo, Brazil. During the COVID-19 pandemic, patients with neurocognitive disorders present with clinically relevant neuropsychiatric symptoms, with significant impact on caregiver distress.
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Self-Reported Health	Peters,  A,  Rospleszcz, et al	Dtsch Arztebl Int	Mental Health | santé mentale	In Germany, nationwide protective measures to halt the spread of the virus were implemented in mid-March for 6 weeks. In May, the impact of the pandemic was assessed in the German National Cohort (NAKO). A total of 113 928 men and women aged 20 to 74 years at the time of the baseline examination conducted 1 to 5 years earlier (53%) answered. The COVID-19 pandemic and the protective measures during the first wave had effects on mental health and on self-rated general health.
Characterizing pediatric emergency department visits during the COVID-19 pandemic	Pines,  JM,  Zocchi, et al	American Journal of Emergency Medicine	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	We determine how pediatric emergency department (ED) visits changed during the COVID-19 pandemic in a large sample of U.S. EDs. We included data from 2,213,828 visits to 144 EDs and 4 urgent care centers in 18 U.S. states, including 7 EDs in children's hospitals. During the pandemic period, adult non-COVID-19 visits declined to 60% of 2019 volumes and then partially recovered but remained below 2019 levels through June 2020. Pediatric visits declined even more sharply, with peak declines through the week of April 15 of 74% for children age < 10 years and 67% for 14–17 year.
Trimeric SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins produced from CHO cells in bioreactors are high-quality antigens	Pino,  P,  Kint, et al	Processes	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Vaccine Research| Recherche sur les vaccins	Here, we outline scalable, Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) compliant, and chemically defined processes for the production of two cell-secreted stabilized forms of the trimeric spike proteins (Wuhan and D614G variant). The processes are chemically defined and based on clonal suspension-CHO cell populations and on protein purification via a two-step scalable downstream process. The process described here will enable production of sufficient high-quality trimeric spike protein to meet the global demand for SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic tests and potentially vaccines.
PMC7659804; Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infection in a Patient Population with Lung Cancer: Incidence, Presentation, and Alternative Diagnostic Considerations	Piper-Vallillo,  A,  Mooradian, et al	JTO Clin Res Rep	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	We aimed to investigate the incidence, symptoms, differential diagnosis, and outcomes of COVID-19 in patients with lung cancer. COVID-19 was infrequent in this lung cancer population, but these patients experienced high rates of morbidity and mortality. Oncologists should maintain a low threshold for COVID-19 testing in patients with lung cancer presenting with acute symptoms.
Contact with blue-green spaces during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown beneficial for mental health	Pouso,  S,  Borja, et al	Science of the Total Environment	Mental Health | santé mentale	People under strict lockdown in Spain (3403 responses), perceived that nature helped them to cope with lockdown measures; and emotions were more positive among individuals with accessible outdoor spaces and blue-green elements in their views.
Development of concomitant diseases in COVID-19 critically ill patients	Puig,  G,  Giménez-Milà, et al	Revista espanola de anestesiologia y reanimacion	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Describe two clinical cases a patient with diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia with good respiratory evolution that, after extubation suffered an acalculous cholecystitis and a patient with COVID-19 pneumonia that suffered an overinfection with necrotising pneumonia that presented with haemoptysis and was finally treated with arterial embolisation by the interventional radiologist's team
Hybrid deep learning-based epidemic prediction framework of covid-19: South korea case	Rahmadani,  F,  Lee, et al	Applied Sciences (Switzerland)	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	Expands the susceptible–exposed–infected–recovered compartment model by considering human mobility among a number of regions. The combined deep learning model generates more accurate modeling parameters, which are used for epidemic meta-population modeling. In order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed hybrid deep learning framework, COVID-19 data in South Korea were tested, and the forecast of the epidemic patterns was compared with other estimation methods.
Modest Evolutionary Changes of the SARS-CoV-2 Genome in Bangladesh	Rahman,  Ezanur,  Hasan, et al	Research Square prepub	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	The complete genome mutation rate of the Bangladeshi isolates was estimated to be 0.49E-3 nucleotide substitutions/site/year. A higher mutation rate was found in the non-structural protein-coding genes at: ORF6 (10.29E-3), ORF7a (31.81E-3), and ORF8 (18.35E-3). In contrast, the mutation rates of the structural protein-coding genes were relatively low at: M (1.14E-3), S (1.47E-3), E (3.35E-3), and N (4.59E-3).
The impacts of COVID-19 outbreak on mental health in general population in different areas in China	Ran,  MS,  Gao, et al	Psychol Med	Mental Health | santé mentale	Explore the impacts of COVID-19 outbreak on mental health status in general population in different affected areas in China. The study found the prevalence of psychological symptoms has increased sharply in general population during the COVID-19 outbreak. People in COVID-19 severely affected areas may have higher scores of GHQ and anxiety symptoms. Culture-specific and individual-based psychosocial interventions should be developed for those in need during the COVID-19 outbreak.
Knowledge of prevention of COVID-19 among the general people in Bangladesh: A cross-sectional study in Rajshahi district	Rana,  MM,  Karim, et al	PLoS One	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The knowledge level of the general people regarding prevention of COVID-19 was alarmingly low in Bangladesh. The government of Bangladesh, health policy makers and donor agencies should consider the findings and take immediate steps for improving knowledge of the public about prevention of the disease.
High lipasemia is frequent in Covid-19 associated acute respiratory distress syndrome	Rasch,  S,  Herner, et al	Pancreatology	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Prospectively collected patient information of patients with Covid-19 associated ARDS in a registry (COvid Registry REChts der Isar intensive care Trial – CORRECT) and analyzed this patient cohort for signs of acute pancreatitis (e.g. lipase activity >3 times the upper limit). High lipasemia without typical signs of acute pancreatitis is a frequent finding in severe Covid-19 associated ARDS. Considering the markedly high levels of serum lipase activity, we think impaired microcirculation in severely ill patients can explain this finding rather than extra-pancreatic co-morbidities
Technology Enabled Clinical Care (TECC): Protocol for Prospective-Longitudinal-Cohort Study of Smartphone Augmented Mental Health Treatment	Rauseo-Ricupero,  N,  Torous, et al	JMIR Res Protoc	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	Introduces an eight-week treatment protocol to realize that vision— Technology Enabled Clinical Care (TECC). TECC offers innovation in clinical assessment, monitoring, and interventions for mental health. TECC uses the mindLAMP app to enable digital phenotyping, clinical communication, and smartphone-based exercises that will augment in-person or telehealth-virtual visits. TECC exposes participants to an array of evidence-based treatments (CBT, DBT, ACT) introduced through clinical sessions and then practiced through interactive activities provided through a smartphone app called mindLAMP.
Vital signs assessed in initial clinical encounters predict COVID-19 mortality in an NYC hospital system	Rechtman,  E,  Curtin, et al	Sci Rep	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	Conducted a retrospective study of 8770 laboratory-confirmed cases of SARS-CoV-2 from a network of 53 facilities in New-York City. COVID-19 mortality was 12.7%. Logistic regression identified older age (OR, 1.69 [95% CI 1.66–1.92]), male sex (OR, 1.57 [95% CI 1.30–1.90]), higher BMI (OR, 1.03 [95% CI 1.102–1.05]), higher heart rate (OR, 1.01 [95% CI 1.00–1.01]), higher respiratory rate (OR, 1.05 [95% CI 1.03–1.07]), lower oxygen saturation (OR, 0.94 [95% CI 0.93–0.96]), and chronic kidney disease (OR, 1.53 [95% CI 1.20–1.95]) were associated with COVID-19 mortality.
Outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 infection at a large refugee shelter in Toronto, April 2020: a clinical and epidemiologic descriptive analysis	Redditt,  V,  Wright, et al	CMAJ Open	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	Describes a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak and corresponding reported symptomatology at a shelter in Toronto.Among those tested, 41.7% (n = 25) were positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Of those who tested positive (n = 25), 20.0% (n = 5) reported fever, cough or shortness of breath at the time of testing. On more detailed assessment 1 day later, 70.8% (17/24) reported a broader range of symptoms. During the 14 days after testing, 87.5% (21/24) reported symptoms of infection.
Impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on emergency surgery services-a multi-national survey among WSES members	Reichert,  M,  Sartelli, et al	World J Emerg Surg	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	The majority (65.3%) estimated the impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on emergency surgical patient care as being strong or very strong. Due to the pandemic, 87.8% reported a decrease in the total number of patients undergoing emergency surgery and approximately 25% estimated a delay of more than 2 h in the time-to-diagnosis and another 2 h in the time-to-intervention. Fifty percent make structural problems with in-hospital logistics (e.g. transport of patients, closed normal wards etc.) mainly responsible for delayed emergency surgery and the frequent need (56.1%) for a triage of emergency surgical patients. 56.1% of the collaborators observed more severe septic abdominal diseases during the pandemic, especially for perforated appendicitis and severe septic cholecystitis (41.8% and 40.2%, respectively). 62.2% had experiences with surgery in COVID-19-infected patients.
[COVID-19 emergency management at the Nephrology and Dialysis Unit in Savona, Albenga and Cairo Montenotte]	Repetto,  M,  Caputo, et al	G Ital Nefrol	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	Describe patient access within a Nephrology and Dialysis Unit that includes three Haemodialysis Centers based in Savona, Albenga and Cairo Montenotte.
Dual ELISA using SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein produced in E. coli and CHO cells reveals epitope masking by N-glycosylation	Rump,  A,  Risti, et al	Biochemical and biophysical research communications	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	Demonstrate that the glycosylation of SARS-CoV-2-NP masks some of its antibody epitopes. In many cases, this can lead to false-negative serological tests. Deglycosylation of SARS-CoV-2-NP significantly increased the number of positive tests.
Structure and inhibition of the SARS-CoV-2 main protease reveal strategy for developing dual inhibitors against M(pro) and cathepsin L	Sacco,  MD,  Ma, et al	Sci Adv	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	Found that several Mpro inhibitors have hydrophobic moieties at the P1 site, including calpain inhibitors II and XII, which are also active against human cathepsin L, a host protease that is important for viral entry.
A blood transcriptome-based analysis of disease progression, immune regulation, and symptoms in coronavirus-infected patients	Sadanandam,  A,  Bopp, et al	Cell Death Discov	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Immunology | Immunologie	Compared to healthy individuals, a subset of integrated blood-based gene profiles (signatures) distinguished acute-like (mimicking coronavirus-infected patients with prolonged hospitalization) from recovering-like patients. These signatures also hierarchically represented multiple (at the system level) parameters associated with PBMC including dysregulated cytokines, genes, pathways, networks of pathways/concepts, immune status, and cell types
Identification of Transmission Chains and Clusters Associated with COVID-19 in Tunisia	Safer,  Mouna,  Letaief, et al	Research Square prepub	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Transmission	Characterize the transmission chains and clusters of COVID-19 infection in Tunisia. As of May 18, 2020, 656 cases out of a total of 1043 confirmed cases of COVID-19 belong to 127 transmission chains identified during the epidemic (mean age 42.36 years, Standard deviation 19.56 and sex ratio 0.86). The virus transmission is the most concentrated in the governorate of Tunis (31.5%), Ariana (10.2%) and Ben Arous (10.2%). Virus transmission occurred 50 times (9.72% of secondary transmission events) between two different governorates. A maximum of seven generations of secondary infection was identified, whereas 62% of these secondary infections belong the first generation. A total of 11 “superspreader” cases were identified in this investigation. Four large clusters have been identified.
Older adults lack SARS CoV-2 cross-reactive T lymphocytes directed to human coronaviruses OC43 and NL63	Saletti,  G,  Gerlach, et al	Sci Rep	Immunology | Immunologie	Data demonstrate that pre-existing T cell immunity induced by circulating human alpha- and beta-HCoVs is present in young adult individuals, but virtually absent in older adult subjects. Consequently, the frequency of cross-reactive T cells directed to the novel pandemic SARS-CoV-2 was minimal in most older adults. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that the presence of cross-reactive T cells to SARS-CoV-2 is compared in young and older adults.
Rapid Implementation of Video Visits in Neurology During COVID-19: Mixed Methods Evaluation	Saliba-Gustafsson,  E,  Miller-Kuhlmann, et al	J Med Internet Res	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	Evaluate the accelerated implementation of video visits in ambulatory neurology during the COVID-19 pandemic. Video visits were largely considered acceptable by clinicians, although various technological issues impacted their satisfaction. Video visits were reported to be more convenient for patients, families, and caregivers than in-person visits; however, access to technology, the patient’s technological capacity, and language difficulties were considered barriers
Repurposing of some anti-infective drugs for COVID-19 treatment: a surveillance study supported by an in silico investigation	Sayed,  AM,  Khalaf, et al	Int J Clin Pract	Clinical data| Données cliniques Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	This study aimed to detect and explain the efficacy of reusing nitazoxanide, doxycycline, and azithromycin in treating COVID-19. The study was divided into two parts; clinical and computational parts.  The symptomatic improvement of mild to moderate subjects was seen on the 5th day after starting treatment with a combination of nitazoxanide and doxycycline or azithromycin. In silico, results were in good accordance with the clinical outcomes, where both nitazoxanide and doxycycline achieved the best docking scores
Phenotyping mental health: Age, community size, and depression differently modulate COVID-19-related fear and generalized anxiety	Schweda,  A,  Weismüller, et al	Comprehensive psychiatry	Mental Health | santé mentale	The current cross-sectional study aimed to investigate psychological reactions in response to real or perceived COVID-19 infection threats in Germany.  Although COVID-19-related fear and generalized anxiety had overlapping predictors, such as neuroticism, they most prominently differed in age distribution and direction of an urban-rural disparity. Furthermore, the presence of a risk disease increases COVID-19-related fear, but not generalized anxiety.
Impact of COVID-19 predicts perceived risk more strongly than known demographic risk factors	Seehuus,  M,  Stanton, et al	Journal of psychosomatic research	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The objective of this cross-sectional study was to identify the factors associated with perceived COVID-19 risk among people living in the US. Participants who were White reported twice as much perceived risk as participants of color. Higher perceived risk was observed among those who reported a negative impact of the pandemic on their sleep or work. The number of cases per capita in their state of residence, age, or proximity to someone with a COVID-19 diagnosis were not found to meaningfully predict perceived risk.
Constrictive Pericarditis Associated with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Case Report	SeyedAlinaghi,  S,  Ghadimi, et al	Infect Disord Drug Targets	Clinical data| Données cliniques	This is the first report of a patient with SARS-CoV-2 infection presenting with constrictive pericarditis, possibly from the COVID infection. She was presented after a week of fever, persistent dry cough, and diarrhea. After 24 hours, she was transferred to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). After a week of progress, her respiratory condition deteriorated again. She was re-admitted to the ICU and she expired. She died due to isolated constrictive pericarditis, most probably caused by SARS-CoV-2.
Structural stability of SARS-CoV-2 virus like particles degrades with temperature	Sharma,  A,  Preece, et al	Biochemical and biophysical research communications	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	Here we have used atomic force microscopy to examine the structural stability of individual SARS-CoV-2 virus like particles at different temperatures. We demonstrate that even a mild temperature increase, commensurate with what is common for summer warming, leads to dramatic disruption of viral structural stability, especially when the heat is applied in the dry state. This is consistent with other existing non-mechanistic studies of viral infectivity, provides a single particle perspective on viral seasonality, and strengthens the case for a resurgence of COVID-19 in winter.
HIV/SARS-CoV-2 co-infection: T cell profile, cytokine dynamics and role of exhausted lymphocytes	Sharov,  KS	International Journal of Infectious Diseases	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Immunology | Immunologie	The aim was to investigate if there is synergy in HIV infection and COVID-19 in their influence on human immunity, if there is an exacerbation of HIV patients’ immune status caused by SARS-CoV-2; and if HIV infection without antiretroviral therapy (ART) leads to a more serious COVID-19 course than HIV infection with ART. HIV infection without ART may be a very serious comorbidity of COVID-19, whereas immunity of HIV/COVID-19 patients with proper ART is not generally affected by SARS-CoV-2. HIV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 are likely to exhibit a synergic effect, and exhausted T lymphocyte dynamics may be its effective marker.
Validation of pneumonia prognostic scores in a statewide cohort of hospitalized patients with COVID-19	Shi,  Y,  Pandita, et al	Int J Clin Pract	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	We aimed to externally validate the predictive performance of two recently developed COVID-19-specific prognostic tools, the COVID-GRAM and CALL scores. The COVID-GRAM score demonstrated acceptable predictive performance for in-hospital death. The CURB65 score had better prognostic utility for in-hospital death and critical illness.
The experience of cancer during confinement	Sicard,  J,  Marchisio, et al	Actualites Pharmaceutiques	Mental Health | santé mentale Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The objective of the investigation was to highlight the impact of confinement on the feelings of cancer patients.  The confinement had a notable impact on the population questioned since 80.3% of respondents said they had changed their lifestyle. Those who responded to the survey report increased stress (56.1%) and anxiety (63.6%). 71.2% of the patients questioned consulted their attending physician and 57.6% were able to do so through teleconsultation. The means of communication used for information show the essential place occupied by television (45.5%) and the Internet (31.8%), far ahead of health professionals (9.1%).
Increased Prevalence of Myocardial Injury in Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Viremia	Siddiqi,  HK,  Weber, et al	American Journal of Medicine	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	The objective of this study was to understand the relationship among SARS-CoV-2 viremia, detectable troponin, and myocardial injury in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. A total of 70 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 were included in this study. 21 patients (30%) were found to have detectable SARS-CoV-2 viral load and were classified in the viremia group. Patients with viremia were significantly older than those without viremia. All of the patients with viremia (100%) had detectable troponin during hospitalization compared with 59% of patients without viremia. Myocardial injury was seen in 76% of patients with viremia and 38% of those patients without viremia.
Galectin antagonist use in mild cases of SARS-CoV-2; pilot feasibility randomised, open label, controlled trial	Sigamani,  Alben,  Sigamani, et al	medRxiv	Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique RCT	The objective was to study the feasibility of performing a definitive trial of using galectin antagonist Prolectin-M as treatment for mild, symptomatic, rRT-PCR positive, COVID-19.  Oral tablets of Prolectin-M were administered along with the best practice, Standard of Care (SoC) and compared against SoC. This pilot trial demonstrated the feasibility to recruit and randomize participants. rRT-PCR testing done in the clinic on day 1, 7, and 14 had 3 participants (60%) turn negative by day 7 and all turned negative by day 14 and stayed negative until day 28. There were no serious adverse events, and all participants were clinically asymptomatic before day 28 with reactive immunoglobulin G (IgG).
How primary healthcare in Iceland swiftly changed its strategy in response to the COVID-19 pandemic	Sigurdsson,  EL,  Blondal, et al	BMJ Open	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	The objective of this descriptive observational study was to describe how the primary healthcare (PHC) in Iceland changed its strategy to handle the COVID-19 pandemic. The number of daytime consultations increased by 35%  during the study period. Telephone and web-based consultations increased by 127%. The number of consultations in maternity and well-child care decreased only by 4%. The number of prescriptions from telephone and web-based consultations rose by 55.6%. No changes were observed in antibiotics prescriptions.
A city cluster risk-based approach for Sars-CoV-2 and isolation barriers based on anonymized mobile phone users' location data	Silva,  JCS,  de Lima Silva, et al	Sustainable Cities and Society	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de sant&amp;eacute; publique	This paper presents an application of anonymized mobile phone users' location data to estimate population flow amongst cities with an origin-destination matrix. Risk measures are included to analyze the severity of the spread among the clusters, which can be ranked. Then, intelligence can be obtained from the analysis, and some clusters could be isolated to avoid contagion while keeping their economic activities. Therefore, this analysis is reproducible for other states of Brazil and other countries.
Clinician-researcher's perspectives on clinical research during the COVID19 pandemic	Silverberg,  SL,  Puchalski Ritchie, et al	PLoS One	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	We seek to understand the values, experiences, and beliefs of physicians working at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in order to inform clinical research planning.  RESULTS: Of the 133 physician respondents, 131 (98%) considered it important to conduct clinical research during the COVID-19 pandemic. Respondents were more accepting of adaptations to the research process in during a pandemic compared to in a non-pandemic setting, including conducting research with deferred consent.
[SARS CoV-2 related disease features in a population of chronic hemodialysis patients]	Silvestri,  C,  Di Stante, et al	G Ital Nefrol	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	In this retrospective observational study we describe the clinical features and the evolution of SARS CoV-2-related disease in patients on chronic dialysis. The incidence of infection was 10,8%, with 84% needing hospitalization and mortality amounting to 53% .Comparing the deceased and survivor populations we noticed significant differences in age and presence of cardiopathy for what concerns anamnestic data and in fatigue and dyspnea in terms of clinical presentation. LDH and CPK resulted highest among deceased patients, while the use of enoxaparin was more frequent in survivors.
Using a DEA–AutoML approach to track SDG achievements	Singpai,  B,  Wu, et al	Sustainability (Switzerland)	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	This work introduces an integrative method that integrates data envelope analysis and automated machine learning to assess and predict performance in sustainable development goals. They use this method to measure the weekly performance in fighting the COVID-19 pandemic around the world. Based on the data available, three countries including Belarus, Taiwan, and Uganda performed best overall in the fight against COVID-19 over all periods studied. Belarus, Taiwan, Uganda, and the United States showed the best effectiveness of medical treatments, while Bolivia, Belarus, Costa Rica, Latvia, Morocco, Panama, El Salvador, Taiwan, Uganda, and Uruguay were best prepared for COVID-19.
ABO Blood groups in COVID-19 patients; cross-sectional study	Solmaz,  İ,  Araç, et al	Int J Clin Pract	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	The aim of this study was to investigate the ABO and Rh blood group distribution and clinical characteristics in patients with Covid-19. Our study has found that having blood group O may be protective, that blood group A may have greater susceptibility to the disease, but this does not affect the course of the disease and is not associated with mortality
COVID-19 fatality prediction in people with diabetes and prediabetes using a simple score upon hospital admission	Sourij,  H,  Aziz, et al	Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	The aim of this combined prospective and retrospective, multicentre, cohort study was to assess predictors of in-hospital mortality in people with prediabetes and diabetes hospitalized for COVID-19 infection and to develop a risk score for identifying those at the greatest risk of a fatal outcome.  The in-hospital mortality for COVID-19 was high in people with diabetes but not significantly different to the risk in people with prediabetes. A risk score using five routinely available patient variables showed excellent predictive performance for assessing in-hospital mortality.
Identification of a Novel Susceptibility Marker for SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Human Subjects and Risk Mitigation with a Clinically Approved JAK Inhibitor in Human/Mouse Cells	Spalinger,  MarianneR,  Hai, et al	bioRxiv	Clinical data| Données cliniques Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique Animal model | Modèle animal	We report that the autoimmune PTPN2 risk variant rs1893217 promotes expression of the SARS-CoV-2 receptor, ACE2, and increases cellular entry mediated by SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Elevated ACE2 expression and viral entry were mediated by increased JAK-STAT signalling, and were reversed by the JAK inhibitor, tofacitinib. Collectively, our findings uncover a novel risk biomarker for increased expression of the SARS-CoV-2 receptor and viral entry, and identify a clinically approved therapeutic agent to mitigate this risk
SARS-CoV-2 infection of the CNS in a patient with meningeosis carcinomatosa	Steininger,  PA,  Seifert, et al	Neurology	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Our report describes the first case of a SARS-CoV-2 meningitis in a patient with meningeosis carcinomatosa. SARS-CoV-2 infection of the CNS was confirmed by detection of viral RNA in two independent CSF samples and SARS-CoV-2 specific intrathecal IgG antibody synthesis.
Impact of a Serious Game on the Intention to Change Infection Prevention and Control Practices in Nursing Homes during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Protocol for a Web-Based, Randomized Controlled Trial	Suppan,  L,  Abbas, et al	JMIR Res Protoc	RCT	BACKGROUND: Nursing home residents are at high-risk of complications and death due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Lack of resources, both human and material, amplifies the likelihood of contamination in these facilities where a single employee can contaminate dozens of residents and colleagues. Improving the dissemination of and adhesion to infection prevention and control (IPC) guidelines is therefore essential. Serious games have been shown to be effective in developing knowledge and in increasing engagement and could motivate nursing home employees to change their IPC practices. OBJECTIVE: Our aim is to assess the impact of "Escape COVID-19", a serious game designed to enhance knowledge and application of IPC procedures, on the intention of nursing home employees to change their IPC practices. METHODS: We will carry out a web-based, randomized controlled trial following the CONSORT-EHEALTH guidelines and incorporating relevant elements of the CHERRIES checklist. Participants will be randomized to either the control or the serious game (intervention) group. First, both groups will be asked to answer a questionnaire designed to gather demographic data and assess baseline knowledge. The control group will then access a quick reminder of the current national guidelines and links to IPC guidelines for healthcare professionals, while the other group will follow the game. Both groups will then have to answer a second questionnaire designed to assess their willingness to change their IPC practices after having followed their respective material. After completing this questionnaire, they will be granted access to the material presented to the group they were not assigned to and receive a course completion certificate. The primary outcome will be the proportion of participants willing to change their IPC practices according to group. Secondary outcomes will include the analysis of specific questions detailing the exact changes considered by the participants. Factors associated with participant willingness or reluctance to change behaviour will also be assessed. Attrition will also be assessed at each stage of the study. RESULTS: The study protocol has been presented to our regional ethics committee (Req-2020-01262), which issued a declaration of no objection as such projects do not fall within the scope of the Swiss federal law on human research. Data collection began on November 5th and should be completed by December 4th, 2020. CONCLUSIONS: This study should determine whether "Escape COVID-19", a serious game designed to improve compliance with COVID safe practices, modifies the intention of applying IPC guidelines in nursing home employees.
Impact of COVID-19 on healthcare activity in NSW, Australia	Sutherland,  K,  Chessman, et al	Public Health Res Pract	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	The aim of this study was to quantify the changes in activity seen in the New South Wales health system in the first half of 2020. In March to June 2020, compared with the same period in 2019, primary care face-to-face consultations decreased by 22.1%, breast screening activity by 51.5%, ambulance incidents by 7.2%, emergency department visits by 13.9%, public hospital inpatient episodes by 14.3%, and public hospital planned surgical activity by 32.6%.
Transformer Query-Target Knowledge Discovery (TEND): Drug Discovery from CORD-19	Tam,  LeoK,  Wang, et al	ArXiv	Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	We present a RoBERTa transformer-based method that extends the masked language token prediction using query-target conditioning to treat the specificity challenge. The transformer discovery method entails several benefits over the word2vec method including domain-specific (antiviral) analogy performance, negation handling, and flexible query analysis (specific) and is demonstrated on influenza drug discovery. To stimulate COVID-19 research, we release an influenza clinical trials and antiviral analogies dataset used in conjunction with the COVID-19 Open Research Dataset Challenge (CORD-19) literature dataset in the study. We examine k-shot fine-tuning to improve the downstream analogies performance as well as to mine analogies for model explainability. Further, the query-target analysis is verified in a forward chaining analysis against the influenza drug clinical trials dataset, before adapted for COVID-19 drugs (combinations and side-effects) and on-going clinical trials.
Pre-existing T cell-mediated cross-reactivity to SARS-CoV-2 cannot solely be explained by prior exposure to endemic human coronaviruses	Tan,  CedricCS,  Owen, et al	bioRxiv	Immunology | Immunologie	In this study, we characterised the sequence homology of SARS-CoV-2-derived T-cell epitopes reported in the literature across the entire diversity of the Coronaviridae family. Slightly over half (54.8%) of the tested epitopes did not have noticeable homology to any of the human endemic coronaviruses (HKU1, OC43, NL63 and 229E), suggesting prior exposure to these viruses cannot explain the full cross-reactive profiles observed in healthy unexposed individuals. Further, we find that the proportion of cross-reactive SARS-CoV-2 epitopes with noticeable sequence homology is extremely well predicted by the phylogenetic distance to SARS-CoV-2 (R2 = 96.6%). None of the coronaviruses sequenced to date showed a statistically significant excess of T-cell epitope homology relative to the proportion of expected random matches given the sequence similarity of their core genome to SARS-CoV-2. Taken together, our results suggest that the repertoire of cross-reactive epitopes reported in healthy adults cannot be primarily explained by prior exposure to any coronavirus known to date, or any related yet-uncharacterised coronavirus
Comprehensive analysis of T cell immunodominance and immunoprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 epitopes in COVID-19 cases	Tarke,  Alison,  Sidney, et al	bioRxiv	Immunology | Immunologie	To establish the patterns of immunodominance of different SARS-CoV-2 antigens, and precisely measure virus-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, we studied epitope-specific T cell responses of approximately 100 convalescent COVID-19 cases. The SARS-CoV-2 proteome was probed using 1,925 peptides spanning the entire genome, ensuring an unbiased coverage of HLA alleles for class II responses. For HLA class I, we studied an additional 5,600 predicted binding epitopes for 28 prominent HLA class I alleles, accounting for wide global coverage. We identified several hundred HLA-restricted SARS-CoV-2-derived epitopes. Distinct patterns of immunodominance were observed, which differed for CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, and antibodies. The class I and class II epitopes were combined into new epitope megapools to facilitate identification and quantification of SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.
A rapid pre-implementation evaluation to inform a family engagement navigator program during COVID-19	Taylor,  SP,  Short, et al	Implement Sci Commun	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	We aimed to conduct a rapid pre-implementation evaluation of stakeholder-perceived facilitators and barriers to design implementation strategies to support a novel program using medical students to facilitate family-centered care in the ICU. We gathered contextual data via interview-style open-ended questions sent to clinicians and navigator stakeholders via email. Then a pilot of the intervention was implemented with 3 navigators over 2 weeks. Fourteen (70%) of the identified stakeholders responded to the survey. Ten constructs encompassing all five CFIR domains were present in responses as implementation influencers, with the Intervention domain most frequently represented. Through these results and operational feedback from navigators during the pilot period, stakeholders selected multiple implementation strategies: audit and provide feedback, develop educational materials, conduct ongoing training, promote adaptability, assess and redesign workflow, identify and prepare champions, and engage community resources. We demonstrated how a conceptually based pre-implementation program evaluation can be used to rapidly inform optimal implementation strategies.
Epidemiological characterisation of asymptomatic carriers of COVID-19 in Colombia: a cross-sectional study	Teherán,  AA,  Camero Ramos, et al	BMJ Open	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	Using a cross-sectional design and the national database of daily occurrence of COVID-19, we characterised both socially and demographically all asymptomatic carriers (AC) . 76,162 ACs (12.1%; 95% CI 12.0% to 12.2%) were identified, mainly before epidemiological week 35. Age≤26 years (1.18; 1.09 to 1.28), male sex (1.51; 1.40 to 1.62), cases imported from Venezuela, Argentina, Brazil, Germany, Puerto Rico, Spain, USA or Mexico (12.6; 3.03 to 52.5) and autochthonous cases (22.6; 5.62 to 91.4) increased the risk of identifying ACs. We also identified groups of departments with moderate (1.23; 1.13 to 1.34) and strong (19.8; 18.6 to 21.0) association with ACs. Sociodemographic characteristics strongly associated with AC were identified, which may explain its epidemiological relevance and usefulness to optimise mass screening strategies and prevent person-to-person transmission.
Tracking Websites' Digital Communication Strategies in Latin American Hospitals During the COVID-19 Pandemic	Tejedor,  S,  Pérez-Escoda, et al	Int J Environ Res Public Health	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study examines 58 websites from the best hospitals included in the "América Economía" ranking health sector from Latin America. The study applies an analysis methodology based on previous research focusing on specialized web studies, defining an analysis model on six variables and 65 thematic indicators. The research concludes that hospitals occupying first positions in the medical services directory are not necessarily those that have the best websites. Similarly, it is worth noting that a quarter of the studied sample do not devote a specific space to reporting coronavirus information. Brazil, Colombia and Chile are the countries with the highest number of hospitals among those with the best websites.
Synchronous Telemedicine in Allergy: Lessons Learned and Transformation of Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic	Thomas,  I,  Siew, et al	Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	The aim of this study is to describe the outcomes of the use of synchronous telemedicine for outpatient consultations in a tertiary adult allergy center. We retrospectively reviewed all non–face-to-face appointments during the second month of the pandemic in the United Kingdom. : A total of 637 non–face-to-face appointments for unique patients were booked between April 1 and 30, 2020; 91% were new consultations. Most referrals (81.5%) were related to nondrug reactions. The overall “Did Not Attend” rate was 15.7%. A total of 439 patients were assessed for nondrug reactions; 87% were new appointments. Food-related reactions (50.4%), urticaria/angioedema (23.2%), and rhinitis (18.1%) were the most common reasons for new referrals. Two hundred twenty-one (57.7%) of these patients required further allergy testing, primarily for suspected food allergy. More than 42% of the new patients, mainly referred for urticaria/angioedema, were discharged after their remote assessment. Telemedicine can transform the current models of allergy care. Screening criteria for selecting suitable new patients are required. A telemedicine-based drug allergy service model can be more time- and cost-effective, and improve patient access to specialist care.
Repurposed Tocilizumab in Patients with Severe COVID-19	Tian,  J,  Zhang, et al	J Immunol	Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	In this study, we aimed to systematically describe the effectiveness of treatment and prevention of the cytokine storms in COVID-19 patients with tocilizumab. In this multicentered retrospective and observational cohort study, 65 patients with COVID-19 receiving tocilizumab and 130 not receiving tocilizumab were propensity score matched at a ratio of 2:1 based on age, sex, and comorbidities from January 20, 2020 to March 18, 2020 in Wuhan, China. After adjusting for confounding, the detected risk for in-hospital death was lower in the tocilizumab group versus nontocilizumab group (hazard ratio = 0.47; 95% confidence interval = 0.25-0.90; p = 0.023). Moreover, use of tocilizumab was associated with a lower risk of acute respiratory distress syndrome (odds ratio = 0.23; 95% confidence interval = 0.11-0.45; p < 0.0001). Tocilizumab may be of value in prolonging survival in patients with severe COVID-19, which provided a novel strategy for COVID-19-induced cytokine release syndrome. Our findings could inform bedside decisions until data from randomized, controlled clinical trials become available.
Cerebrospinal fluid findings and hypernatremia in COVID-19 patients with altered mental status	Toklu,  H,  Ganti, et al	Int J Emerg Med	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	The objective of the study was to assess the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) findings in COVID-19 patients. This was an observational retrospective cohort from electronic medical records of hospitalized patients (n = 2655) with confirmed COVID-19 between February 15, 2020, and April 15, 2020, in 182 hospitals from a large health system in the USA. A total of 79 patients underwent CSF analysis. Of these, antigen testing was performed in 73 patients. Ten patients had CSF analysis for general markers such as total protein, cell count, glucose, clarity, and color. Seven of the 10 cases (70%) had normal total cell count and normal white blood cell count in CSF. Sixty-three percent (5/8) had elevated total protein. Unlike bacterial infections, viral infections are less likely to cause remarkable changes in CSF glucose, cell count, or protein. Our observations showed no pleocytosis, but mild increase in protein in the CSF of the COVID-19 patients.
Rapid Deployment of National Guard Alternative Healthcare Facility With Isolation Unit Capabilities in Response to COVID-19	Torrey,  J,  Orr, et al	Mil Med	Clinical data| Données cliniques	At the direction of Governor Phil Scott, the Vermont National Guard rapidly erected a 400-bed alternative healthcare facility field hospital to increase the state's medical capacity early in the COVID-19 pandemic when information was limited and cases were rapidly rising across the country. This case study reviews the preparation and management of the alternative healthcare facility's first COVID-19-positive patient assigned to the 50-bed COVID-19 isolation ward. Despite austere conditions with rudimentary improvements to a nonstandard facility, the ad hoc team composed entirely of members of the Vermont National Guard successfully oversaw patient care from admission to discharge while maintaining a zero-percent transmission rate to staff. While the local civilian medical infrastructure was never overwhelmed and patient census at the facility remained low, this case study highlights the capability of the National Guard enterprise as a community response to pandemic crises.
The impact of lockdown on mental health, the importance of weak signals and subtle indicators. Preliminary results of the Covadapt study	Traber,  D,  Jauffret-Roustide, et al	Information Psychiatrique	Mental Health | santé mentale	The aim of this article is to study the impact beyond the psychopathological aspects, focusing on the overall balance of individuals' functioning. During lockdown, we measured direct indicatorsofpsychological distress and more weak and subtle indicators through an online questionnaire. Out of the 6,545 people questioned, representing the French population, only 22 % seemed to be impacted when the measure was direct and concerned psychological states, compared to 39 % when the measure concerned subtle indicators. Beyond psychological distress, various less visible aspects should not be neglected; they affect more individuals and are linked to the suddenness and simultaneity of many changes in everyday life.
Impacts and interactions of COVID-19 response involvement, health-related behaviours, health literacy on anxiety, depression and health-related quality of life among healthcare workers: a cross-sectional study	Tran,  TV,  Nguyen, et al	BMJ Open	Mental Health | santé mentale Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	We examined impacts and interactions of COVID-19 response involvement, health-related behaviours and health literacy (HL) on anxiety, depression, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among healthcare workers (HCWs). A cross-sectional study was conducted. Data were collected 6 April to 19 April 2020 using online-based, self-administered questionnaires. The COVID-19 response-involved HCWs had higher anxiety likelihood (OR (95% CI)=4.41 (3.53 to 5.51)), higher depression likelihood (OR(95% CI)=3.31 (2.71 to 4.05)) and lower HRQoL score (coefficient, b(95% CI)=-2.14 (-2.89 to -1.38)), compared with uninvolved HCWs. Overall, HCWs who smoked or drank at unchanged/increased levels had higher likelihood of anxiety, depression and lower HRQoL scores; those with unchanged/healthier eating, unchanged/more physical activity and higher HL scores had lower likelihood of anxiety, depression and higher HRQoL scores. Physical activity and higher HL were found to protect against anxiety and depression and were associated with higher HRQoL. Unexpectedly, smoking and drinking were also found to be coping behaviours.
PMC7674129; The Roborovski Dwarf Hamster Is A Highly Susceptible Model for a Rapid and Fatal Course of SARS-CoV-2 Infection	Trimpert,  J,  Vladimirova, et al	Cell Rep	Animal model | Modèle animal	Here, we compare the susceptibilities of three dwarf hamster species (Phodopus spp.) to SARS-CoV-2 and introduce the Roborovski dwarf hamster (P. roborovskii) as a highly susceptible COVID-19 model with consistent and fulminant clinical signs. Particularly, only this species shows SARS-CoV-2-induced severe acute diffuse alveolar damage and hyaline microthrombi in the lungs, changes described in patients who succumbed to the infection but not reproduced in any experimentally infected animal. Based on our findings, we propose the Roborovski dwarf hamster as a valuable model to examine the efficacy and safety of vaccine candidates and therapeutics, particularly for use in highly susceptible individuals.
PMC7713574; Real time monitoring of the evolution of an epidemic regarded as a physical relaxation process	Trujillo,  J,  Raicu, et al	Phys Lett A	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	The emergence of an epidemic evokes the need to monitor its spread and assess and validate any mitigation measures enacted by governments and administrative bodies in real time. We present here a method based on previous models of relaxation in fractal structures to observe and quantify this spread and the response of affected populations and governing bodies, and apply it to COVID-19 as a case study. This method provides means to simultaneously track in real time quantities such as the mortality and the recovery rates as well as the number of new infections caused by an infected person. With sufficient data, this method enables thorough monitoring and assessment of an epidemic without ad-hoc assumptions regarding the evolution of the pandemic in the future.
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Follow-Ups for Vertigo/Dizziness Outpatients	Ueda,  K,  Ota, et al	Ear Nose Throat J	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	In the present report, we aimed to investigate the impact of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic on vertigo/dizziness outpatient cancellations in Japan.  We examined 265 vertigo/dizziness outpatients at the ear, nose, and throat department of the Nara Medical University between March 01, 2020, and May 31, 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan. We also focused on 478 vertigo/dizziness outpatients between March 01, 2019, and May 31, 2019, before the COVID-19 pandemic, to compare the number of cancellations between these 2 periods. There were many cancellations for medical examinations during the 2020 study period. The total number of vertigo/dizziness outpatients decreased by 44.6% in the 2020 period compared to the same period in 2019. The percent reduction in clinic attendance from 2019 to 2020 (ie, 2019-2020]/2019) for patients with BPPV was higher than that for patients with MD. Compared to the other vertigo-associated conditions, patients with MD exhibited a lower percent reduction in clinic attendance. According to the results of the telMCQs, 75.0% of BPPV cases and 88.2% of MD cases cancelled their appointment and gave up visiting hospitals due to fear of COVID-19 infection, even if they had moderate to severe symptoms. These findings suggest that advanced forms should be prepared for medical care, such as remote medicine.
Expression of ACE2, TMPRSS2, and Furin in mouse ear tissue, and the implications for SARS-CoV-2 infection	Uranaka,  T,  Kashio, et al	Laryngoscope	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Animal model | Modèle animal	We performed immunohistochemically analysis to examine the distribution of ACE2, TMPRSS2, and Furin in the Eustachian tube, middle ear spaces, and cochlea of mice. ACE2 was present in the nucleus of the epithelium of the middle ear and Eustachian tube, as well as in some nuclei of the hair cells in the organ of Corti, in the stria vascularis, and the spiral ganglion cells. ACE2 was also expressed in the cytoplasm of the stria vascularis. TMPRSS2 was expressed in both the nucleus and cytoplasm in the middle spaces, with the expression being stronger in the nucleus in the mucosal epithelium of the middle ear spaces and Eustachian tube. TMPRSS2 was present in the cytoplasm in the organ of Corti and stria vascularis and in the nucleus and cytoplasm in the spiral ganglion. ACE2, TMPRSS2, and Furin are diffusely present in the Eustachian tube, middle ear spaces, and cochlea, suggesting that these tissues are susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Back Pain and Related Factors in Patients with COVID-19	UZ,  CUMA,  UMAY, et al	Research Square prepub	Clinical data| Données cliniques	The aim of the study was to determine whether back pain is a clinical manifestation in patients with COVID-19, and to decide whether any demographic and disease characteristics might act as an effective indicator of back pain. Patients with COVID-19 (N: 99) were recruited from the infectious diseases department of a secondary care hospital and divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of back pain. The most common symptoms were fatigue (n = 63, 63.6%), followed by back pain (n = 50, 50.5%). A sedentary lifestyle, oxygen requirement, the presence of pneumonia and typical pneumonia pattern were significantly higher (p = 0.009, p = 0.026, p = 0.001, p = 0.001, respectively), and aerobic capacity was lower (p = 0001) in patients with back pain. Back pain may be associated with the presence and severity of COVID-19 pneumonia.
Can Rituximab Be Used In The Treatment Of Pemphigus Vulgaris During The COVID-19 Pandemic?	Uzuncakmak,  TK,  Özkoca, et al	Dermatol Ther	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	The patients who have received rituximab treatment in the previous 5 years with the diagnosis of pemphigus group of diseases at CerrahpaŞa Medical Faculty were questioned for COVID-19 infection. A total of 48 patients were included in this study; only one male patient had COVID-19 infection which had a mild course. There is no significant difference in the total number of lymphocytes between patients who have received rituximab within the previous 5 years or last year. The number of lymphocytes is independent of the number of courses of rituximab treatment received. Therefore, we suggest that all pemphigus patients who have received rituximab treatment within the previous 5 years should be careful of the preventive measures against the COVID-19 infection irrespective of the number of treatment courses or the number of years which has passed since the treatment.
PMC7289737; Percutaneous Dilatational Tracheostomy in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Patients: A Case Series	Valchanov,  K,  Salaunkey, et al	J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth	Clinical data| Données cliniques	We performed 38 percutaneous tracheostomies in mechanically ventilated patients on ECMO during 8 weeks of the COVID-19 pandemic in our institution (March 27-May 15, 2020) (Table 1). Tracheostomy remains a valuable procedure for mechanically ventilated patients. ECMO support allows for the discontinuation of mechanical ventilation for a short period without further worsening of hypoxia and therefore reduction of risk of aerosolization. We found that continuing anticoagulation during dilatational percutaneous tracheostomy for ECMO-supported COVID-19 patients did not lead to bleeding complications.
A randomized, open-label, adaptive, proof-of-concept clinical trial of modulation of host thromboinflammatory response in patients with COVID-19: the DAWn-Antico study	Vanassche,  T,  Engelen, et al	Trials	RCT	In this adaptive, open-label multicenter randomized clinical trial, we compare low molecular weight heparins at 50 IU anti-Xa/kg twice daily-or 75 IU anti-Xa twice daily for intensive care (ICU) patients-in combination with aprotinin to standard thromboprophylaxis in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. In this trial, we target the thromboinflammatory response at multiple levels. We intensify the dose of low molecular weight heparins to reduce thrombotic complications. Aprotinin is a potent kallikrein pathway inhibitor that reduces fibrinolysis, activation of the contact pathway of coagulation, and local inflammatory response. Additionally, aprotinin has shown in vitro inhibitory effects on SARS-CoV-2 cellular entry.
Single pulmonary nodule with reverse halo sign in COVID-19 infection: Incidental finding on FDG PET/CT scan	Varona Porres,  D,  Simó, et al	Medicina clinica	Clinical data| Données cliniques	We present the case of a 53-year-old woman with a history of colon neoplasia with liver metastases who came to our hospital for a follow-up oncology visit. In the follow-up CT scan, a possible liver recurrence of his neoplasm was identified. PET / CT was performed that showed liver recurrence and a single and subpleural pulmonary nodule in the left lower lobe, approximately 17 mm and hypermetabolic (maximum SUV 6.7) (Figures 1A and B, black arrows). This lesion was not visible on the anterior CT performed 6 days ago (Fig. 1D). High-resolution chest CT performed in the PET / CT study showed that the pulmonary nodule had the inverse halo sign (Fig. C, white arrow). The possibility of pneumonia due to COVID-19 was considered by the current epidemiological context, confirmed by nasopharyngeal smear.
Bioinformatics analyses of significant genes, related pathways, and candidate diagnostic biomarkers and molecular targets in SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19	Vastrad,  B,  Vastrad, et al	Gene Reports	Clinical data| Données cliniques Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	We downloaded the expression profiling by high throughput sequencing of GSE152075 from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Normalization of the data from primary SARS-CoV-2 infected samples and negative control samples in the database was conducted using R software. Then, joint analysis of the data was performed. 994 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (496 up regulated and 498 down regulated genes) were identified. In total, ten genes (CBL, ISG15, NEDD4, PML, REL, CTNNB1, ERBB2, JUN, RPS8 and STUB1) were identified as good diagnostic biomarkers. In conclusion, the identified DEGs, hub genes and target genes contribute to the understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the advancement of SARS-CoV-2 infection and they may be used as diagnostic and molecular targets for the treatment of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection in the future.
Mental health and well-being of healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK: contrasting guidelines with experiences in practice	Vera San Juan,  N,  Aceituno, et al	BJPsych Open	Mental Health | santé mentale	The aims of the study are to assess the applicability of well-being guidelines in practice, identify unaddressed healthcare workers' needs and provide recommendations for supporting front-line staff during the current and future pandemics. RESULTS: The guidelines placed greater emphasis on individual mental health and psychological support, whereas healthcare workers placed greater emphasis on structural conditions at work, responsibilities outside the hospital and the invaluable support of the community.  Healthcare workers expressed well-being needs that aligned with socio-ecological conceptualisations of well-being related to quality of life.
Retrospective study of clinical features of covid-19 in inpatients and their association with disease severity	Wang,  H,  Xing, et al	Medical Science Monitor	Clinical data| Données cliniques	The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical features and laboratory indices of patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and explore their association with the severity of the disease.   A total of 61 patients with COVID-19 were divided into groups with common symptoms and with severe diseases, and clinical data were collected to analyze and compare the differences between them.  In patients with severe COVID-19, compared with the common group, lymphocyte count and albumin levels were lower, and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), blood urea, blood creatinine, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, and prothrombin time (PT) were elevated (all P<0.05).  Elevated CRP and prolonged PT, and an MPVLR >8.9 were independent risk factors for COVID-19 severity.
Protecting public’s wellbeing against COVID-19 infodemic in China: The role of trust in information sources and rapid dissemination and transparency of information	Wang,  Junxiu,  Zhang, et al	Research Square prepub	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	While the COVID-19 is rapidly spreading around the world, the information and misinformation about the novel virus has also flooded the social media globally.   The study aimed to empirically examine how trust in the information about COVID-19 from social media and official media and how the information was disseminated (i.e., rapidity and transparency) affect public’s wellbeing (i.e., positive response and depressive response).  At the height of the COVID-19 outbreak in China between 24-Jan to 10-Feb 2020, an online survey of 22,718 participants (Mage = 28.41 years old, SD = 9.90; 47.9% being male) was conducted across China. Key measured variables are trust in official media and social media, dissemination and transparency of COVID-19 related information, perceived safety, and emotional response toward COVID-19.   The results that trust in the information about COVID-19 from social media was lower than from official media.  Rapid dissemination and transparency of information was strongly associated with increased trust in official media as well as contributed to increased positive response and reduced depressive response directly and indirectly through perceived safety.
A cross-talk between epithelium and endothelium mediates human alveolar-capillary injury during SARS-CoV-2 infection	Wang,  P,  Luo, et al	Cell Death Dis	Clinical data| Données cliniques	To better understand the molecular basis of this disease, we sought to characterize the responses of alveolar epithelium and its adjacent microvascular endothelium to viral infection under a co-culture system. Collectively, our study revealed an unrecognized cross-talk between epithelium and endothelium, which contributed to alveolar-capillary injury during SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Deviations in criminal filings of child abuse and neglect during COVID-19 from forecasted models: An analysis of the state of Oklahoma, USA	Whelan,  J,  Hartwell, et al	Child Abuse Negl	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The COVID-19 pandemic has contributed to risk factors for child abuse and neglect and disrupted conventional abuse surveillance.  The goal of this study was to assess how counts of criminal charges have been affected by COVID-19.  This study used publicly available court filings pertaining to child abuse and neglect from Jan 1, 2010 to June 30, 2020.  Autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) algorithms were constructed with case data from January 2010 to January 2020 to forecast trends in criminal charges for February to June 2020.  Criminal cases filed between February and June 2020, had an overall 25.7 percent lower average than forecasted. All individual months had progressively lower cases than forecasted with the exception of March. June had the largest deviation from forecasted with 60.1 percent fewer cases than predicted.
Brief Research Report on Adolescent Mental Well-Being and School Closures During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia	Wiguna,  T,  Anindyajati, et al	Frontiers in Psychiatry	Mental Health | santé mentale	This report aimed to preliminary identify proportion of adolescents' emotional and behavior problems and several factors related to it during COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. The study was designed as cross sectional and used online survey.  During April 15–May 10, 2020, there were 113 adolescents participated on this survey. Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) 11–17 years old was used to assess adolescent emotional and behavior problems; and specific life experience questionnaire was designed to collect other independents variables (Cronbach's α = 0.75)  Subjective anxiety due to COVID-19 pandemic and pro-social behavior problems (OR = 2.37, 95% CI = 1.00–5.63), parental support and total difficulties (OR = 0.09, 95% CI = 0.14–0.60) and pro-social behavior problems (OR = 0.09, 95% CI = 0.01–0.82); friends support during COVID-19 pandemic and conduct behavior (OR = 0.20, 95% CI = 0.04–1.00) and pro-social behavior problems (OR = 0.14, 95% CI = 0.02–0.75). In conclusion, during phase 1 and 2 COVID-19 pandemic and school closures in Indonesia, adolescents were at risk for having emotional and behavior problems.
B cell analysis in SARS-CoV-2 versus malaria: Increased frequencies of plasmablasts and atypical memory B cells in COVID-19	Wildner,  NH,  Ahmadi, et al	Journal of leukocyte biology	Clinical data| Données cliniques Immunology | Immunologie	B cells play a central role in antiviral and antiparasitic immunity, not only as producers of antibodies, but also as APCs and mediators of inflammation. In this study, we used 16-color flow cytometry analysis to investigate the frequency, differentiation, and activation status of peripheral B cells of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection or acute Plasmodium falciparum malaria compared with the healthy individuals. As a main result, we observed an increase of the frequency of (CD27–, CD21–) atypical memory B cells and (CD19+, CD27+, CD38+) plasmablasts in malaria and COVID-19 patients. Additionally, CD86, PD-1, CXCR3, and CD39 expression was up-regulated, whereas CD73 was down-regulated on plasmablasts of COVID-19 and malaria patients compared with the bulk B cell population. In particular, there was a more pronounced loss of CD73+ B cells in malaria. The frequency of plasmablasts positively correlated with serum levels of CRP, IL-6, and LDH of COVID-19 patients. In the longitudinal course of COVID-19, a rapid normalization of the frequency of atypical memory B cells was observed. The role and function of plasmablasts and atypical memory B cells in COVID-19 and other acute infections remain to be further investigated. The role of B cells as either “driver or passenger” of hyperinflammation during COVID-19 needs to be clarified. ©2020 Society for Leukocyte Biology
Single-Cell Sequencing of Glioblastoma Reveals Central Nervous System Susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2	Wu,  B,  Wang, et al	Frontiers in Oncology	Clinical data| Données cliniques	We explored the susceptibility of the central nervous system (CNS) to SARS-CoV-2 infection using single-cell transcriptome analysis of glioblastoma.  The results showed that ACE2 expression is relatively high in endothelial cells (ECs), bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), and neural precursor cells (NPCs).  Cathepsin degrades the spike protein (S protein), which results in the entry of viral nucleic acid into the human host cell.  Cathepsin B (Cat B) and cathepsin (Cat L) were also strongly expressed in various cell clusters within the glioblastoma microenvironment. Immunofluorescence staining of glioma and normal brain tissue chips further confirmed that ACE2 expression co-localized with CD31, CD73, and nestin, which confirmed the susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 of nervous system cells, including ECs, BMSCs, and NPCs, from clinical specimens.  These findings reveal the mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 neural invasion.
Simultaneous dual-gene diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 based on CRISPR/Cas9-mediated lateral flow assay	Xiong,  E,  Jiang, et al	Angew Chem Int Ed Engl	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	Herein, we developed a CRISPR/Cas9-mediated triple-line lateral flow assay (TL-LFA) combined with multiplex reverse transcription-recombinase polymerase amplification (RT-RPA) for rapid and simultaneous dual-gene detection of SARS-CoV-2 in a single strip test. This assay is characterized by the detection of envelope (E) and open reading frame 1ab (ORF1ab) genes from cell-cultured SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA standards, showing a sensitivity of 100 RNA copies per reaction (25 μL). Furthermore, dual-gene analysis of 64 nasopharyngeal swab clinical samples showed 100% negative predictive agreement (NPA) and 97.14% positive predictive agreement (PPA). Expectantly, this developed platform will provide a more accurate and convenient pathway for diagnosis of COVID-19 or other infectious diseases in low-resource regions.
Open government data, uncertainty and coronavirus: An infodemiological case study	Yiannakoulias,  N,  Slavik, et al	Social Science and Medicine	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	In this analysis we use Ontario, Canada as a case study to assess the value of publicly available SARS-CoV-2 positive case numbers. Using a combination of real data and simulations, we find that daily publicly available test results probably contain considerable error about individual risk (measured as proportion of tests that are positive, population based incidence and prevalence of active cases) and that short term variations are very unlikely to provide useful information for any plausible decision making on the part of individual citizens. Open government data can increase the transparency and accountability of government, however it is essential that all publication, use and re-use of these data highlight their weaknesses to ensure that the public is properly informed about the uncertainty associated with SARS-CoV-2 information.
Clinical Outcomes of COVID-19 Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Population-Based Study in Korea	You,  JH,  Lee, et al	Endocrinol Metab (Seoul)	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical outcomes in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) positive patients with type 2 diabetes compared to those without diabetes in Korea. We extracted claims data for patients diagnosed with COVID-19 from the National Health Insurance Service database in Korea from January 20, 2020 to March 31, 2020. We followed up this cohort until death from COVID-19 or discharge from hospital. A total of 5,473 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 were analyzed, including 495 with type 2 diabetes and 4,978 without diabetes. Patients with type 2 diabetes were more likely to be treated in the intensive care unit (ICU) (P<0.0001).  However, there was no significant difference between patients with and without type 2 diabetes in ventilator, oxygen therapy, antibiotics, antiviral drugs, antipyretics, and the incidence of pneumonia after adjustment.
Intranasal administration of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing human antibody prevents infection in mice	Zhang,  Hongbing,  Yang, et al	bioRxiv	Therapeutics| Thérapeutique Immunology | Immunologie Animal model | Modèle animal	Our data show that the protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection is effective in both nasal and lung areas 7 days after viral exposure. The modified antibody is stable in a nasal spray formulation and maintains its SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing activity. Nasal spray of the modified antibody can be developed as an affordable and effective prophylactic product to protect people from infection by exposure to SARS-CoV-2 virus in the air.
Prediction of the COVID-19 outbreak in China based on a new stochastic dynamic model	Zhang,  Y,  You, et al	Sci Rep	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de sant&amp;eacute; publique	The current outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a global crisis due to its quick and wide spread over the world. A good understanding of the dynamic of the disease would greatly enhance the control and prevention of COVID19. However, to the best of our knowledge, the unique features of the outbreak have limited the applications of all existing dynamic models. In this paper, a novel stochastic model was proposed aiming to account for the unique transmission dynamics of COVID-19 and capture the effects of intervention measures implemented in Mainland China. We found that: (1) instead of aberration, there was a remarkable amount of asymptomatic virus carriers, (2) a virus carrier with symptoms was approximately twice more likely to pass the disease to others than that of an asymptomatic virus carrier, (3) the transmission rate reduced significantly since the implementation of control measures in Mainland China, and (4) it was expected that the epidemic outbreak would be contained by early March in the selected provinces and cities in China.
Cryo-EM Structures of SARS-CoV-2 Spike without and with ACE2 Reveal a pH-Dependent Switch to Mediate Endosomal Positioning of Receptor-Binding Domains	Zhou,  T,  Tsybovsky, et al	Cell Host and Microbe	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	To understand how ACE2 binding and low pH affect spike conformation, we determined cryo-electron microscopy structures—at serological and endosomal pH—delineating spike recognition of up to three ACE2 molecules. RBDs freely adopted “up” conformations required for ACE2 interaction, primarily through RBD movement combined with smaller alterations in neighboring domains. In the absence of ACE2, single-RBD-up conformations dominated at pH 5.5, resolving into a solitary all-down conformation at lower pH. Notably, a pH-dependent refolding region (residues 824–858) at the spike-interdomain interface displayed dramatic structural rearrangements and mediated RBD positioning through coordinated movements of the entire trimer apex.
Cardiac injury prediction and lymphocyte immunity and inflammation analysis in hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)	Zhou,  W,  Song, et al	International journal of cardiology	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	We aimed to determine the risk factors and predictive markers of cardiac injury in these patients. The lymphocyte percentage in blood may become a predictive marker of cardiac injury in COVID-19 patients. The total T and B cells and CD4+ and CD8+ cell counts decreased and the IL-6 level increased in COVID-19 patients with cardiac injury.
Shorter Time to a High Response Level Is Associated with Sooner Arrival of Peak Daily Incidence: An Analysis of Governments’ Stringency Index from 151 Countries	Zhu,  Dongshan,  Mishra, et al	SSRN- Lancet prepublication	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de sant&amp;eacute; publique	It is unclear how governments’ response level affects the epidemic trajectory of COVID-19. Using publicly available data from the Coronavirus Government Response Tracker (OxCGRT), we examined the association between time to a high governments’ response a level and timing of peak daily incidence for epidemic of COVID-19. We identified four trajectories of response to the spread of COVID-19. Each day earlier implementation of high response level (defined as stringency index>80) was associated with 0.62 (p<0.0001) days earlier arrival of reduced peak daily incidence. This may help to reduce the delays in flattening the epidemic curve to the lowest spread level. Note: Funding: No funding to declare. Declaration of Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Prevalence of domestic violence in a time of catastrophic disease outbreaks including COVID 19 pandemic: A systematic review protocol	Abraham,  Gelila,  Gelana, et al	Research Square prepub	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Pharmacists’ roles in emergency and disasters: COVID-19 as an example	Aburas,  W,  Alshammari, et al	Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	SR: search performed on the Medline, EMBASE and PubMed databases. The last search occurred on 14 July 2020. Health care systems’ utilization of pharmacists’ new roles can result in a well-prepared disaster response, as observed during the COVID-19 pandemic. Pharmacists’ engagement in decision-making processes and adequate demonstration of pharmacists’ nontraditional roles in the literature can facilitate the health care community's acceptance of such roles.
Impact of COVID-19 on the mental health among children in China with specific reference to emotional and behavioral disorders	Agarwal,  V,  L, et al	International Journal of Human Rights in Healthcare	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Quercetin: Antiviral Significance and Possible COVID-19 Integrative Considerations	Agrawal,  PK,  Agrawal, et al	Natural Product Communications	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Lectin Protein as a Promising Component to Functionalize Micelles, Liposomes and Lipid NPs against Coronavirus	Alavi,  M,  Asare-Addo, et al	Biomedicines	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
A review of thermal comfort applied in bus cabin environments	Almeida,  MDN,  Xavier, et al	Applied Sciences (Switzerland)	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
COVID-19 and Tuberculosis Overlapping epidemics: A holistic review from Pakistan	Awan,  UA,  Khattak, et al	J Med Virol	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Potential Drug Interactions of Repurposed COVID-19 Drugs with Lung Cancer Pharmacotherapies	Baburaj,  G,  Thomas, et al	Archives of Medical Research	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Meta-analysis Comparing Outcomes in Patients With and Without Cardiac Injury and Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID 19)	Bansal,  A,  Kumar, et al	American Journal of Cardiology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	MA: he results of this meta-analysis suggest that cardiac injury is associated with higher mortality, ICU admission, mechanical ventilation and coagulopathy in patients with COVID-19.
COVID-19: neonatal-perinatal perspectives	Barrero-Castillero,  A,  Beam, et al	J Perinatol	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Pulmonary pathology of ARDS in COVID-19: A pathological review for clinicians	Batah,  SS,  Fabro, et al	Respiratory medicine	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Drug repurposing for the treatment of COVID-19: Pharmacological aspects and synthetic approaches	Batalha,  PN,  Forezi, et al	Bioorganic chemistry	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Association of Sex, Age, and Comorbidities with Mortality in COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis	Biswas,  M,  Rahaman, et al	Intervirology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	SR-MA: Literatures were searched using different keywords in various databases. Implementation of adequate protection and interventions for COVID-19 patients in general and in particular male patients with age ≥50 years having comorbidities may significantly reduce risk of mortality associated with COVID-19.
Cellular mechanisms underlying neurological/neuropsychiatric manifestations of COVID-19	Bodnar,  B,  Patel, et al	J Med Virol	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Tourism – resilient but vulnerable as “the times they are a changing” in the “new normality”	Butler,  R	Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Biotechnology, nanotechnology and medicine	Contera,  S,  Bernardino de la Serna, et al	Emerg Top Life Sci	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Understanding the relationship between viral infections and trace elements from a metallomics perspective: implications for COVID-19	de Jesus,  JR,  de Araújo Andrade, et al	Metallomics	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Mechanistic Aspects and Therapeutic Potential of Quercetin against COVID-19-Associated Acute Kidney Injury	Diniz,  LRL,  Souza, et al	Molecules	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
After COVID-19. Reorientation of crisis management in crisis	Dobrowolski,  Z	Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Telemedicine in neurology: current evidence	Domingues,  RB,  Mantese, et al	Arq Neuropsiquiatr	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Severe asthma and COVID-19: lessons from the first wave	Filippo,  P,  Benfante, et al	J Asthma	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Communication Strategies and Our Learners	Germaine,  P,  Catanzano, et al	Current problems in diagnostic radiology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
The role of Interleukin-6 in the pathogenesis, prognosis and treatment of severe COVID-19	Giannakodimos,  I,  Gkountana, et al	Curr Med Chem	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
The immunology of SARS-CoV-2 infections and vaccines	Grigoryan,  L,  Pulendran, et al	Seminars in immunology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
An overview of the effect of bioaerosol size in coronavirus disease 2019 transmission	Guzman,  MI	Int J Health Plann Manage	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
National primary care responses to COVID-19: a rapid review of the literature	Haldane,  V,  Zhang, et al	BMJ Open	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	Rapid Review:  PubMed, Embase and Google, as well as the websites of relevant national health departments, were searched from 1 January 2020 to 24 April 2020. Current national primary care guidelines for COVID-19 provide guidance on infection control and minimising the risk of spread in primary care practices, while supporting the use of new technology and coordinated partnerships.
Augmented Reality Audit as Experience Solution for Internship during Covid 19	Handoko,  BL,  Deviarti, et al	European Journal of Molecular and Clinical Medicine	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Online teaching challenges during COVID-19 pandemic	Hassan,  M	International Journal of Information and Education Technology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Priorities for the child public health response to the COVID-19 pandemic recovery in England	Hefferon,  C,  Taylor, et al	Arch Dis Child	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
COVID-19 mimics on chest CT: a pictorial review and radiologic guide	Hochhegger,  B,  Zanon, et al	Br J Radiol	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Vitamin C-An Adjunctive Therapy for Respiratory Infection, Sepsis and COVID-19	Holford,  P,  Carr, et al	Nutrients	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Targeting ACE2 for COVID-19 Therapy: Opportunities and Challenges	Jia,  H,  Neptune, et al	Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
An overview of research on air and environmental contamination with SARS-CoV-2 in healthcare settings	Kanamori,  H	Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Chest CT versus RT-PCR for the Detection of COVID-19: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Comparative Studies	Karam,  Mohammad,  Althuwaikh, et al	medRxiv	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	SR-MA:  search of electronic information was conducted using the following databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, EMCARE, CINAHL and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL). A relatively high false positive rate can be expected with chest CT. It may still be useful, however, in patients with a suspicious clinical presentation of COVID-19 and a negative initial SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR. In acute cardiorespiratory presentations, negative CT scan and RT-PCR tests is likely to be reassuring.
COVID-19 outbreak and autoimmune bullous diseases: A systematic review of published cases	Kasperkiewicz,  M	Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	SR: Literature was comprehensively screened using the PubMed database from inception to July 28, 2020.
COVID-19 Mobile Apps: A Systematic Review of the Literature	Kondylakis,  H,  Katehakis, et al	J Med Internet Res	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	SR: searched the bibliographic databases Global Literature on Coronavirus Disease, PubMed, and Scopus to identify papers focusing on mobile apps for COVID-19.  Mobile apps are considered to be a valuable tool for citizens, health professionals, and decision makers in facing critical challenges imposed by the pandemic, such as reducing the burden on hospitals, providing access to credible information, tracking the symptoms and mental health of individuals, and discovering new predictors.
Coronavirus Disease 2019: Virology and Drug Targets	Krishnamurthy,  PT	Infect Disord Drug Targets	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Phytochemicals as potential curative agents against viral infection: A review	Kumar,  A,  Singh, et al	Current Organic Chemistry	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
An analysis of the global additive manufacturing response to the COVID-19 pandemic	Kunovjanek,  M,  Wankmüller, et al	Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
A remarkable review of the effect of lockdowns during COVID-19 pandemic on global PM emissions	Le,  VV,  Huynh, et al	Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization and Environmental Effects	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Operating room nurses deployed as part of the Covid-19 plan: a surge of solidarity	Lebreton,  M	Inter Bloc	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Novel Molecular Evidence Related to COVID-19 in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus	Liao,  YH,  Zheng, et al	J Clin Med	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Protection procedures and preventions against the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 in healthcare settings for nursing personnel: Lessons from Taiwan	Liu,  SY,  Kang, et al	Australian Critical Care	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Biosafety Requirements for Autopsies of Patients with COVID-19: Example of a BSL-3 Autopsy Facility Designed for Highly Pathogenic Agents	Loibner,  M,  Langner, et al	Pathobiology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Levamisole - A Toxic Adulterant in Illicit Drug Preparations: A Review	Midthun,  KM,  Nelson, et al	Ther Drug Monit	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Does pulmonary embolism in critically ill COVID-19 patients worsen the in-hospital mortality: A meta-analysis	Mir,  T,  Attique, et al	Cardiovascular Revascularization Medicine	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	MA: Three studies were identified after a digital database search. PE in critically ill COVID patients had similar in-hospital mortality outcomes as WPE patients. The findings are only hypotheses generated from observational studies and need future randomized, prospective clinical trials for a definitive conclusion.
Writing overview of coronavirus (Covid- 19) and conclusion utilizing RFO classifier	Mishra,  Y,  Ahammad, et al	European Journal of Molecular and Clinical Medicine	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
The main issues and challenges older adults face in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: A scoping review of literature	Mobasseri,  K,  Azami-Aghdash, et al	Iranian Journal of Public Health	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	ScR: scoping review of literature published from Jan 10 to Jul 31, 2020. Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases and other sources of information, to identify grey literature, were selected for data collection.  In the pandemic, there is an urgent need for interventional research and innovational implementations to address issues related to providing services for older adults. This can help older adults to maintain their physical and mental health, and reduce the spread of infection in nursing homes. Further studies focusing on the rights of the older adults are needed on all issues associated with COVID-19.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 infection and the gut–liver axis	Mohandas,  S,  Vairappan, et al	Journal of Digestive Diseases	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Pain During COVID-19: A Comprehensive Review and Guide for the Interventionalist	Murphy,  MT,  Latif, et al	Pain Pract	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Coronavirus Disease-19 Infection: Implications on Male Fertility and Reproduction	Navarra,  A,  Albani, et al	Frontiers in Physiology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Quantum leap of monoclonal antibody (mAb) discovery and development in the COVID-19 era	Pecetta,  S,  Finco, et al	Seminars in immunology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Male sex identified by global COVID-19 meta-analysis as a risk factor for death and ITU admission	Peckham,  H,  de Gruijter, et al	Nat Commun	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	MA:  Here, we present a meta-analysis of 3,111,714 reported global cases to demonstrate that, whilst there is no difference in the proportion of males and females with confirmed COVID-19, male patients have almost three times the odds of requiring intensive treatment unit (ITU) admission (OR = 2.84; 95% CI = 2.06, 3.92) and higher odds of death (OR = 1.39; 95% CI = 1.31, 1.47) compared to females.
A natural alternative for the treatment of covid-19	Pérez,  MM,  Mesa, et al	Revista Cubana de Plantas Medicinales	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Fatigue outcomes following coronavirus or influenza virus infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis	Poole-Wright,  Kim,  Gaughran, et al	medRxiv	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	SR-MA: The databases Embase, PsyINFO, Medline, CINAHL, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and Open Grey were searched. This study reveals that a significant proportion of survivors (41%) experienced fatigue following their recovery from novel respiratory viruses such as SARS, MERS, SARS-CoV2 or influenza and that this fatigue can be long-lasting.
Recent Advances in Computer Audition for Diagnosing COVID-19: An Overview	Qian,  Kun,  Schuller, et al	ArXiv	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Clinical trial protocols of repurposed prophylaxis for COVID-19: A review	Sallard,  E,  Belhadi, et al	Medecine et Maladies Infectieuses	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Recent Insights into Emerging Coronavirus: SARS-CoV-2	Shang,  Z,  Chan, et al	ACS Infect Dis	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Exploring the possible use of saponin adjuvants in COVID-19 vaccine	Sharma,  R,  Palanisamy, et al	Hum Vaccin Immunother	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Smoking and COVID-19: What we know so far	Shastri,  MD,  Shukla, et al	Respiratory medicine	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Stem cell therapy in coronavirus disease 2019: current evidence and future potential	Shetty,  R,  Murugeswari, et al	Cytotherapy	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Facing the unknown: pandemic and higher education in Malaysia	Sia,  JKM,  Abbas Adamu, et al	Asian Education and Development Studies	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Physiology to Disease Transmission of Respiratory Tract Infection: A Narrative Review	Singh,  NK,  Kumar, et al	Infect Disord Drug Targets	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Use of cardiac CT amidst the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond: North American perspective	Singh,  V,  Choi, et al	Journal of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Reverse Zoonosis of COVID-19: Lessons From the 2009 Influenza Pandemic	Sooksawasdi Na Ayudhya,  S,  Kuiken, et al	Vet Pathol	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Respiratory function in patients post-infection by COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis	Torres-Castro,  R,  Vasconcello-Castillo, et al	Pulmonology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	SR-MA: reviewed the Embase, PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Cochrane Register of Clinical Trials (CENTRAL) databases on July 15, 2020. Post-infection COVID-19 patients showed impaired lung function; the most important of the pulmonary function tests affected was the diffusion capacity.
Efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese medicine in COVID-19: a scoping review	Tuta-Quintero,  E,  Suárez-Ramirez, et al	Revista Internacional de Acupuntura	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	ScR:  Scoping review that included PubMed, Embase, Scopus and 18 databases of the World Health Organization International Registry of Clinical Trials Platforms. Empirical and theoretical publications in English and Spanish were included.  Only two case series studies using herbal remedies reported benefits for patients with mild and severe SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. There are 78 ongoing randomized controlled trials that will soon provide evidence on the efficacy and safety of TCM in patients with COVID-19.
New vaccine production platforms used in developing SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidates	Ura,  T,  Yamashita, et al	Vaccine	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
From angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 disruption to thromboinflammatory microvascular disease: A paradigm drawn from COVID-19	Vinci,  R,  Pedicino, et al	International journal of cardiology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2 is co-expressed with genes related to transmembrane serine proteases, viral entry, immunity and cellular stress	Wruck,  W,  Adjaye, et al	Sci Rep	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	MA:
Patients, procedures, and PPE: Safe office-based anesthesia recommendations in the COVID-19 era	Young,  S,  Osman, et al	Best Practice and Research: Clinical Anaesthesiology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Ischemic stroke in COVID-19-positive patients: an overview of SARS-CoV-2 and thrombotic mechanisms for the neurointerventionalist	Zakeri,  A,  Jadhav, et al	J Neurointerv Surg	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes in Patients with COVID-19 and Cancer: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis	Zarifkar,  P,  Kamath, et al	Clinical oncology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	SR-MA: search was conducted on Pubmed, Cochrane, Embase and MedRxiv databases for studies reporting primary data on COVID-19 in cancer patients.  We identified impeding questions that need to be answered to provide the foundation for an iterative review of the developing evidence base, and inform policy and practice going forwards. Analyses of the available data corroborate an unfavourable outcome of hospitalised patients with COVID-19 and cancer. Our findings encourage future studies to report detailed social, demographic and clinical characteristics of cancer patients, including performance status, primary cancer type and stage, as well as a history of anti-cancer therapeutic interventions.
Nanotechnology for virus treatment	Zhou,  J,  Krishnan, et al	Nano Today	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Understanding COVID - 19 pandemic – A comprehensive Ayurvedic perspective	Adluri,  USP,  Tripathi, et al	Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Teleconsultation in private practice during lockdown	Advenier,  F,  Reca, et al	Information Psychiatrique	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 and residential aged care: priorities for optimising preparation and management of outbreaks	Aitken,  GE,  Holmes, et al	Med J Aust	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Decrease in the number of primary angioplasty procedures during the pandemic and its relationship with mortality from COVID-19. The role of competing risks	Aldama,  G,  Rebollal, et al	Revista espanola de cardiologia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The social accountability of medical schools. An urgent requirement to adapt to the needs of the population	Alfonso Roca,  MT,  García Barbero, et al	Educacion Medica	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Child psychotherapy by vidéo during lockdown: For better and for worse... A reflection on experience	Alibert,  JF	Information Psychiatrique	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Modeling Trust in Enterprise Architecture: A Pattern Language for ArchiMate	Amaral,  G,  Sales, et al		Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The COVID-19 outbreak in Sri Lanka: A synoptic analysis focusing on trends, impacts, risks and science-policy interaction processes	Amaratunga,  D,  Fernando, et al	Progress in Disaster Science	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Reorganisation of an operating theatre induced by the Sars-CoV-2 epidemic	Amelon,  FX,  Lecina, et al	Oxymag	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Arrhythmias and COVID 19	Amir,  R,  Kichloo, et al	Am J Ther	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Managing diabetes in ageing patients during the COVID-19 pandemic	Armeni,  E,  Paschou, et al	Maturitas	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
A step backwards in the fight against global vaccine inequities	Aryeetey,  Ernest,  Engebretsen, et al	The Lancet	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Stock markets’ reaction to Covid-19: Moderating role of national culture	Ashraf,  BN	Finance Research Letters	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Extended Enterprise Collaboration for System-of-Systems Requirements Engineering: Challenges in the Era of COVID-19	Awadid,  A,  Dubois, et al		Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Docking Prediction of Amantadine in the Receptor Binding Domain of Spike Protein of SARS-CoV-2	Baig,  AM,  Khaleeq, et al	ACS Pharmacology and Translational Science	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Germany’s next shutdown—Possible scenarios and outcomes	Barbarossa,  MV,  Fuhrmann, et al	Influenza and other Respiratory Viruses	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Supporting recovery from COVID-19	Barley,  EA,  Coghlan, et al	British Journal of Nursing	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Kurs om provetakning ved covid-19	BaugstØ,  V	Tidsskrift for den Norske laegeforening	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Delte erfaringer fra covid-19-pandemien	BaugstØ,  V	Tidsskrift for den Norske laegeforening	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Pandemic Considerations on Essential Oral Health Care	Benzian,  H,  Beltrán-Aguilar, et al	J Dent Res	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 and conflict	Bloem,  JR,  Salemi, et al	World Development	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19: new solutions designed by the Teaching Centre of Emergency Cares and the SMUR 21	Bonnot Talbot,  A,  Marilly, et al	Oxymag	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Correction to: Effect of PEEP decremental on respiratory mechanics, gas exchange, pulmonary regional ventilation, and hemodynamics in patients with SARS-Cov-2-associated Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome	Bonny,  V,  Janiak, et al	Critical Care	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Response to the letter to the editor entitled "Angiotensin-II receptor blockers or angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors for the treatment of hypertension amid COVID-19 pandemic"	Bottino,  LG,  Fuchs, et al	Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Once a caregiver, always a caregiver	Bourgeois,  A,  Carre, et al	Revue de l'infirmiere	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The deployment and reflections of an ethical support unit at Legouest Hospital during the COVID-19 health crisis	Bourgues,  R,  Knez, et al	Information Psychiatrique	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
School reopening during COVID-19 pandemic: Considering students with disabilities	Brandenburg,  JE,  Holman, et al	Journal of Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Consensus statement: Safe Airway Society principles of airway management and tracheal intubation specific to the COVID-19 adult patient group	Brewster,  DJ,  Groombridge, et al	Med J Aust	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
PPE for your mind: a peer support initiative for health care workers	Bridson,  TL,  Jenkins, et al	Med J Aust	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
L’emergenza covid-19 in germania: Una sfida per la tutela dei diritti fondamentali e un’opportunità per l’ordinamento federale	Buoso,  E,  Fraenkel-Haeberle, et al	Revista Catalana de Dret Public	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Caring through distancing: Spatial boundaries and proximities in the cystic fibrosis clinic	Buse,  C,  Brown, et al	Social Science and Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Lessons learned from COVID-19 for clinical research operations in Italy: what have we learned and what can we apply in the future?	Cagnazzo,  C,  Besse, et al	Tumori	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Monitoring the evolution of posttraumatic symptomatology, depression and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazilians (COVIDPsiq)	Calegaro,  Vitor Crestani,  Negretto, et al	Research Square prepub	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Biologic Therapies, Psoriasis, and COVID-19: Our Experience at the Psoriasis Unit of the University of Naples Federico II	Camela,  E,  Fabbrocini, et al	Dermatology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Palliation or protection: How should the right to equality inform the government’s response to Covid-19?	Campbell,  M,  Fredman, et al	International Journal of Discrimination and the Law	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
PMC7537210; Challenges and opportunities for early intervention and neurodevelopmental follow-up in preterm infants during the COVID-19 pandemic	Caporali,  C,  Pisoni, et al	Child Care Health Dev	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Research lines on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on business. A text mining analysis	Carracedo,  P,  Puertas Medina, et al	Journal of Business Research	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Correction to: Chest CT for early detection and management of coronavirus disease (COVID-19): a report of 314 patients admitted to Emergency Department with suspected pneumonia (La radiologia medica, (2020), 125, 10, (931-942), 10.1007/s11547-020-01256-1)	Cartocci,  G,  Colaiacomo, et al	Radiologia Medica	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
“Confinement, a confirmation of our role on the ground”	Castello,  C	Soins Pediatrie/Puericulture	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Diversity lost: COVID-19 as a phenomenon of the total environment	Cazzolla Gatti,  R,  Menéndez, et al	Science of the Total Environment	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
[Covid-19 pandemic: an anthropological emergency]	Cembrani,  F,  Brunori, et al	G Ital Nefrol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
[Colocación de sondas nasogástricas en pacientes con COVID-19: ¿debemos preocuparnos por el riesgo de producción de aerosoles?]	Cervantes-Pérez,  E,  Cervantes-Pérez, et al	Cir Cir	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
From the pandemic's front lines: A social responsibility initiative to develop an international free online emergency medicine course for medical students	Cevik,  AA,  Cakal, et al	African Journal of Emergency Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Mortality and The Overweight: A Global Perspective	Chakrabarti,  Avik,  Beladi, et al	Research Square prepub	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
A Snapshot of Certified Health Education Specialists on the Front Lines of the COVID-19 Global Pandemic	Chaney,  BH,  Wessner, et al	American Journal of Health Education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Entrepreneurship support ways after the Covid-19 crisis	Chaves-Maza,  M,  Fedriani Martel, et al	Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Phase 3 Randomized Controlled Trials on Exclusion of Participants With Kidney Disease in COVID-19	Chewcharat,  A,  Chang, et al	Kidney International Reports	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The Australian health system response to COVID-19 from a resilient health care perspective: what have we learned?	Clay-Williams,  R,  Rapport, et al	Public Health Res Pract	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Virtual site visits: a new approach to nursing accreditation	Cobourne,  K,  Shellenbarger, et al	Teaching and Learning in Nursing	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Why does SARS-CoV-2 survive longer on plastic than on paper?	Corpet,  DE	Medical hypotheses	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Global energy perspectives to 2040: The international energy agency's scenarios	Cozzi,  L	Futuribles: Analyse et Prospective	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Energy-transition foresight: Between economic modelling and the analysis of strategic scenarios	Criqui,  P,  Waisman, et al	Futuribles: Analyse et Prospective	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Who should be vaccinated against COVID-19 first?	Dal-Ré,  R,  Camps, et al	Medicina clinica	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Implications for HRD Practice and Impact in the COVID-19 Era	Davies,  J	Human Resource Development Review	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
T Cells: Warriors of SARS-CoV-2 Infection	de Candia,  P,  Prattichizzo, et al	Trends in immunology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Diabetes and COVID-19-Related Mortality in Women and Men in the UK Biobank: Comparisons With Influenza/Pneumonia and Coronary Heart Disease	de Jong,  M,  Woodward, et al	Diabetes care	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19, microthromboses, inflammation, and platelet activating factor	Demopoulos,  C,  Antonopoulou, et al	Biofactors	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Comparing COVID-19-linked neurological complications with other viral infections	Deng,  X,  Lo, et al	J Transl Med	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Withdrawal of intensive care during times of severe scarcity: Triage during a pandemic only upon arrival or with the inclusion of patients who are already under treatment?	Dufner,  A	Bioethics	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Involvement of hospital sterilization units in the Covid crisis-19	Dumas,  AF,  Jullian-Desayes, et al	Inter Bloc	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Preparing graduates with the employability skills for the unknown future: reflection on assessment practice during COVID-19	Dyki,  M,  Singorahardjo, et al	Accounting Research Journal	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Airlift and tourism development: two sides of the same coin	Eccles,  G	Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Pharmacy response to COVID-19: lessons learnt from Canada	Elbeddini,  A,  Botross, et al	J Pharm Policy Pract	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Technical considerations to development of serological tests for SARS-CoV-2	Ernst,  E,  Wolfe, et al	Talanta	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
A Biomarker-Centric Approach to Drug Discovery and Development: Lessons Learned from the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic	Fader,  KA,  Zhang, et al	J Pharmacol Exp Ther	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
How has COVID-19 impacted cancer screening? Adaptation of services and the future outlook in Australia	Feletto,  E,  Grogan, et al	Public Health Res Pract	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Febrile syndrome upon return from the tropics during the COVID-19 pandemic	Ferra Murcia,  S,  Hernández Sierra, et al	Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19: association with rapidly progressive forms of alopecia areata	Fivenson,  D	International journal of dermatology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Corrigendum to “Self-reported changes in anxiety, depression and suicidality during the COVID-19 lockdown in Greece”. [J Affect Disord . 2020 Nov 2;279:624-629]	Fountoulakis,  KN,  Apostolidou, et al	Journal of affective disorders	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Participation of the certified registered nurse anesthetist of the Samu 75 in the out-of-hospital care of COVID-19 patients	Fourteau,  C,  Coleau, et al	Oxymag	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Dream come true or nightmare? The pros and cons of temporarily free electronic resources during COVID-19 By Kristen Fredericksen, The Catholic University of America	Fredericksen,  K	Journal of Electronic Resources Librarianship	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
A glance upon Epigenetic and COVID-19	Freitas,  NL,  Azevedo, et al	An Acad Bras Cienc	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Covid-19 cases around the world	Fricker,  RD,  J	Significance	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
For a positive outlook on child protection, even in times of crisis	Gallais,  A	Soins Pediatrie/Puericulture	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Coronavirus conspiracy beliefs, mistrust, and compliance: Taking measurement seriously	Garry,  J,  Ford, et al	Psychol Med	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The Covid-19 epidemic in the French Overseas Territories	Gaüzère,  BA	Inter Bloc	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
La Covid-19 est-elle une menace pour l'humanité ?	Geantot,  A	Oxymag	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Response to Tembhre et al.: 'Enhanced expression of ACE2 in psoriatic skin and its upregulation in keratinocytes by interferon-gamma: Implication of inflammatory milieu in skin tropism of SARS-CoV-2'	Gehlhausen,  JR,  Ko, et al	Br J Dermatol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Communication strategies and media discourses in the age of COVID-19: an urgent need for action	Généreux,  M,  David, et al	Health Promot Int	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The negation of babysitting: Deconstruction and care in early childhood	Gibbons,  A	Global Studies of Childhood	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The Urgency of Justice in Research: Beyond COVID-19	Gilmore-Bykovskyi,  A,  Jackson, et al	Trends in molecular medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health symptoms and physiotherapy actions	Gómez Conesa,  A	Fisioterapia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Thrombosis and Coagulopathy in COVID-19	Gómez-Mesa,  JE,  Galindo-Coral, et al	Current problems in cardiology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Potential roles of micronutrient deficiency and immune system dysfunction in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic	Gorji,  A,  Khaleghi Ghadiri, et al	Nutrition	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The commitment of trainers at the height of the health crisis	Gorlier,  E,  Lenfant, et al	Revue de l'infirmiere	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Pathophysiology of COVID-19-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome – Authors' reply	Grasselli,  G,  Tonetti, et al	The Lancet Respiratory Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Le canada et la COVID-19: Des enjeux majeurs de droit public	Guénette,  D,  Mathieu, et al	Revista Catalana de Dret Public	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
History of a pandemic in child protection	Guillemaud,  AM	Soins Pediatrie/Puericulture	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Design and rationale of an intelligent algorithm to detect BuRnoUt in HeaLthcare workers in COVID era using ECG and artificiaL intelligence: The BRUCEE-LI study	Gupta,  MD,  Bansal, et al	Indian heart journal	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Profit over People? Evaluating Morality on the Front Line during the COVID-19 Crisis: A Front-Line Service Manager’s Confession and Regrets	Hadjisolomou,  A,  Simone, et al	Work, Employment and Society	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Are universities using the right assessment tools during the pandemic and crisis times?	Halaweh,  M	Higher Learning Research Communications	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
PMC7525333; Peritraumatic reactions during the COVID-19 pandemic - The contribution of posttraumatic growth attributed to prior trauma	Hamam,  AA,  Milo, et al	J Psychiatr Res	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Covid-19: Inequalities in New York city	Hardaker,  S,  Rauch, et al	Geographische Rundschau	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Letter from Japan: Re-thinking our future	Hashimoto,  S,  Hikichi, et al	Respirology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Rapid response to COVID-19: addressing challenges and increasing the mental readiness of public safety personnel	Heber,  A,  Testa, et al	Health Promot Chronic Dis Prev Can	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Covid-19: EU countries spent over €220m stockpiling remdesivir despite lack of effectiveness, finds investigation	Hordijk,  L,  Patnaik, et al	Bmj	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Tocilizumab for Covid-19 - The Ongoing Search for Effective Therapies	Huang,  E,  Jordan, et al	N Engl J Med	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The Development Strategy of Current Medical Scientific Research Information	Huang,  Q,  Ruan, et al		Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Free kittens? Usage of free library e-resources during the COVID-19 crisis By Jennifer Huffman, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point Libraries	Huffman,  J	Journal of Electronic Resources Librarianship	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
SARS-CoV-2 safer infection sites: moral entitlement, pragmatic harm reduction strategy or ethical outrage?	Hunt,  MF,  Clark, et al	J Med Ethics	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
PMC7695955; Corrigendum to "Choose your shortcuts wisely: COVID-19 rapid reviews of traditional, complementary and integrative medicine" [Integr Med Res 2020; 9: 100484]	Hunter,  J,  Arentz, et al	Integr Med Res	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Virtual Interviews at Graduate Medical Education Training Programs: Determining Evidence-Based Best Practices	Huppert,  LA,  Hsiao, et al	Acad Med	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Juggling the COVID-19 pandemic: A cytopathology point of view	Iaccarino,  A,  Pisapia, et al	Cytopathology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 and children: The mental and physical reverberations of the pandemic	Iqbal,  SA,  Tayyab, et al	Child Care Health Dev	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Together against COVID-19, the nurses ensured continuity of care at home	Jacquelin,  J	Revue de l'infirmiere	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Anosmia: A Clinical Indicator of COVID-19 Reinfection	Jain,  A,  Kaur, et al	Ear Nose Throat J	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Novel Cluster Analytics for Analyzing COVID-19 Patient Medical Data	Johnson,  JE,  Wu, et al		Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
How IT preparedness helped to create a digital field hospital to care for COVID-19 patients in S. Korea	Jung,  SY,  Lee, et al	npj Digital Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Not everything is condemned by COVID-19	JÚnior,  WP,  Neto, et al	An Acad Bras Cienc	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Virtual Laboratory: A Boon to the Mechanical Engineering Education During Covid-19 Pandemic	Kapilan,  N,  Vidhya, et al	Higher Education for the Future	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Framework for creating an incident command center during crises	Kaye,  AD,  Cornett, et al	Best Practice and Research: Clinical Anaesthesiology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Re/Un/Discover: An Embodied Heuristic for Uncertainties in Social Work Practice	Keenan,  EK	Australian Social Work	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
#MoreThanAVisitor: Families as "Essential" Care Partners During COVID-19	Kemp,  CL	Gerontologist	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Can chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine prove efficient in cancer cachexia? A hypothesis in the era of COVID-19	Kiedrowski,  M,  Kapala, et al	Medical hypotheses	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
An infectious cDNA clone of a growth attenuated Korean isolate of MERS coronavirus KNIH002 in clade B	Kim,  M,  Cho, et al	Emerg Microbes Infect	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The COVID-19 response in England: The intensification of executive supremacy	King,  J,  Chauhan, et al	Revista Catalana de Dret Public	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Roles of genetics and blood type in clinical responses to COVID-19: ethical and policy concerns	Klitzman,  R	J Med Ethics	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The role of the pharmacist in the detection of Covid-19	Koçak,  F,  Mrozovski, et al	Actualites Pharmaceutiques	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Bazookas for recovery. The renaissance of Keynesian stimulus plans since the financial crisis	Köhler,  I	Journal of Modern European History	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Adaptation of a System of Treatment for Substance Use Disorders During the COVID-19 Pandemic	Komaromy,  M,  Tomanovich, et al	J Addict Med	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Preface on the 5th International Workshop on Traffic Measurements for Cybersecurity	Korczynski,  M,  Mazurczyk, et al		Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
What is operational research and how can national tuberculosis programmes in low- and middle-income countries use it to end TB?	Kumar,  AM,  Harries, et al	Indian Journal of Tuberculosis	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
PMC7258845; Coronavirus Disease-2019: Modified Underwater Seal Chest Drain System	Kumar,  N,  Kumar, et al	J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
PMC7298490; Respiratory Variation in Central Venous Pressure (CVP) to Guide Ventilatory Support in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)-Related Lung Injury	La Colla,  L,  Bronshteyn, et al	J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Rationing health and social goods during pandemics: Guidance for Ghanaian decision makers	Laar,  A,  DeBruin, et al	Clinical Ethics	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
View of an operating room nurse from the island of Reunion on the pandemic	Le Borgne,  J	Inter Bloc	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Expérience d'une plateforme d'écoute psychologique multilingue nationale durant le confinement dû à la Covid-19	Lecoquierre,  A,  Diarra, et al	Information Psychiatrique	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Oxford COVID-vaccine paper highlights lingering unknowns about results	Ledford,  H	Nature	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Operating room nursing students in the Covid Crisis-19	Lemoine,  A,  Ginesta, et al	Inter Bloc	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Radiotherapy management of rectal cancer in the backdrop of the COVID pandemic	Lewis,  S,  Talapatra, et al	Cancer Rep (Hoboken)	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Allocating a COVID-19 Vaccine: Balancing National and International Responsibilities	Lie,  RK,  Miller, et al	Milbank Q	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
What Liver Transplant Recipients Want in a Smartphone Intervention to Enhance Recovery: Prototype for the LiveRight Transplant App	Lieber,  SR,  Kim, et al	Liver Transpl	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Update on the implementation of new recommendations for the use of respiratory filters at Mulhouse hospital	Ligner,  S,  Meyer, et al	Pharmacien Hospitalier et Clinicien	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
SARS-CoV-2 positive tests efficiently predict pressure on healthcare system	Lippi,  G,  Mattiuzzi, et al	J Med Virol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Subconscious influences on perceived cleanliness in hospitality settings	Magnini,  VP,  Zehrer, et al	International Journal of Hospitality Management	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Covid-19: Mass testing in Slovakia may have helped cut infections	Mahase,  E	Bmj	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Covid-19: Oxford vaccine could be 59% effective against asymptomatic infections, analysis shows	Mahase,  E	Bmj	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Health training framework during the health crisis	Majdoul,  B	Inter Bloc	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Rethinking social mobility in education: looking through the lens of professional capital	Major,  LE,  Weiner, et al	Journal of Professional Capital and Community	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Media use for children with disabilities in the United States during COVID-19	Manganello,  JA	Journal of Children and Media	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The rise and fall of the COVID-19 aerosol box through the lens of Twitter	Mariano,  ER,  Kou, et al	Journal of clinical anesthesia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Values related to the training of health professionals in a post-COVID environment	Martínez-Pillado,  M,  Villalobos Hidalgo, et al	Educacion Medica	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Assisted reproductive technology, justice and autonomy in an era of COVID-19	Martins da Silva,  SJ,  Campo-Engelstein, et al	Reproductive BioMedicine Online	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Christmas, wine and Covid-19	McCann,  SR	Bone Marrow Transplant	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Challenges in the virtual assessment of COVID-19 infections in the community	McIsaac,  WJ,  Upshur, et al	Can Fam Physician	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Socially distant and out of reach: Unintended consequences of COVID-19 prevention efforts on transgender and gender non-binary populations in Puerto Rico	Melin,  K,  Santiago Quiñones, et al	Journal of substance abuse treatment	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Tuberculosis and its future in the COVID-19 era: The Pulmonology series 2021	Migliori,  GB,  Tiberi, et al	Pulmonology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Telemental Health Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic: Virtualization of Outpatient Care Now as a Pathway to the Future	Mishkind,  MC,  Shore, et al	Telemed J E Health	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
A Case of Legionellosis During the COVID-19 Pandemic	Mittal,  S,  Pahuja, et al	J Clin Rheumatol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Editorial: Neuropalliative care for movement disorders in the time of COVID-19	Miyasaki,  JM,  Robinson, et al	Parkinsonism and Related Disorders	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
What was the starting date of the COVID-19 epidemic in iran? Rumors against management of public health emergencies	Molavi Vardanjani,  H,  Bagheri Lankarani, et al	Iranian Journal of Public Health	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
A "No More Waves" strategy for COVID-19 in Canada	Morris,  AM,  Mintz, et al	Cmaj	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Lyrics and artistic improvisations in health promotion for COVID-19 pandemic control in East Africa	Mulemi,  BA	Global Health Promotion	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 and graft-versus-host disease: a tale of two diseases (and why age matters)	Murphy,  GF	Lab Invest	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Introduction to the Special Issue on "Public Health Communication in an Age of COVID-19"	Nan,  X,  Thompson, et al	Health Commun	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Fortnite: A context for child development during COVID-19 (and beyond) (USA)	Navarro,  J	Journal of Children and Media	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Innovation under pressure: Implications for data privacy during the Covid-19 pandemic	Newlands,  G,  Lutz, et al	Big Data and Society	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Burns in pandemic times – The Graz way towards COVID-19 and back	Nischwitz,  SP,  Popp, et al	Burns	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19, agility and swiftness to respond to crisis in intensive care units	Nowobilski,  N,  Henry, et al	Oxymag	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
New global tourism innovation in a post-coronavirus era	Nunes,  S,  Cooke, et al	European Planning Studies	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The problem of look alike/sound alike drugs during the COVID-19 crisis	Oerthel,  A,  Guerreiro, et al	Oxymag	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Principles of supply chain management in the time of crisis	Okeagu,  CN,  Reed, et al	Best Practice and Research: Clinical Anaesthesiology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 in Nigeria: implications for prevalent public mental health challenges	Ola,  BA,  Olibamoyo, et al	Mental Health Review Journal	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Does risk perception affect the way we practice ophthalmology? About the COVID-19 pandemic	Olivares-De Emparan,  JP	Revista Mexicana de Oftalmologia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses in patients with acute leukaemia	O'Nions,  J,  Muir, et al	Leukemia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
New virus, new disease. and new challenges	Pallaro,  A	Soins Pediatrie/Puericulture	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
“We felt we had an important role”	Pallaro,  A,  Castello, et al	Soins Pediatrie/Puericulture	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Etoposide as Salvage Therapy for Cytokine Storm Due to Coronavirus Disease 2019	Patel,  M,  Dominguez, et al	Chest	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
What is the Nursing research agenda for the COVID-19 pandemic?	Pereira,  EG,  Felix, et al	Rev Esc Enferm USP	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Phytotherapics in COVID19: Why palmitoylethanolamide?	Pesce,  M,  Seguella, et al	Phytother Res	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension as Major Risk Factors of Mortality From Covid-19 Pneumonia	Petrakis,  V,  Panagopoulos, et al	Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Building resilient Arctic science amid the COVID-19 pandemic	Petrov,  AN,  Hinzman, et al	Nat Commun	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Taming the pandemic? The importance of homemade plant-based foods and beverages as community responses to COVID-19	Pieroni,  A,  Vandebroek, et al	J Ethnobiol Ethnomed	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Psychosocial rehabilitation and Covid-19 for adult inpatients: The example of C2RPS	Piget,  B,  Gallet, et al	Information Psychiatrique	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Eosinophilia and abdominal pain after severe pneumonia due to COVID 19	Pintos-Pascual,  I,  López-Dosil, et al	Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
[Complicaciones trombóticas en COVID-19 grave: enfoque en tromboembolia venosa, tromboprofilaxis y anticoagulación]	Porres-Aguilar,  M,  Guerrero-de León, et al	Cir Cir	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19: what protection for hospital staff?	Pougnet,  R,  Pougnet, et al	Revue de l'infirmiere	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Managerial management of the Covid-19 crisis in the operating room	Prétot,  R	Inter Bloc	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
[The COVID-19 pandemic and hemodialysis: a multicentric experience]	Previti,  A,  Lentini, et al	G Ital Nefrol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
PMC7414308; Strong immunity against COVID-19 in the early two years of age links to frequent immunization of routine vaccines	Qiu,  L,  Zhang, et al	Sci Bull (Beijing)	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Correction: Satisfaction of scientists during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown (Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, (2020), 7, 1, (139), 10.1057/s41599-020-00618-4)	Raabe,  IJ,  Ehlert, et al	Humanities and Social Sciences Communications	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Reimagining medical education for primary care in the time of COVID-19: a world view	Ramsay,  R,  Nashat, et al	Educ Prim Care	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
NIH Workshop Report: sensory nutrition and disease	Reed,  DR,  Alhadeff, et al	Am J Clin Nutr	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Is COVID-19 the long overdue wake-up call for pharma supply chains? Part 2	Rees,  H	GMP Review	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Is COVID-19 the long overdue wake-up call for pharma supply chains?	Rees,  H	GMP Review	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Anti-inflammatory therapy for COVID-19 infection: the case for colchicine	Reyes,  AZ,  Hu, et al	Ann Rheum Dis	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
In the Grand-Est at the bedside of COVID patients, an unprecedented event in a nursing journey	Ritleng,  L	Revue de l'infirmiere	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Emergency administration in the face of a pandemic: Application of the basic principles of administrative law	Roselló,  MRZ	Revista General de Derecho Administrativo	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Audio Interview: SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination and Vulnerable Populations	Rubin,  EJ,  Baden, et al	N Engl J Med	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Study protocol for a multicentre, prospective cohort study of the association of angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers on outcomes of coronavirus infection	Russell,  JA,  Marshall, et al	BMJ Open	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The effect of COVID-19 disease on general anaesthesia rates for caesarean section	Russell,  R,  Lucas, et al	Anaesthesia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
DBCOVP: A database of coronavirus virulent glycoproteins	Sahoo,  S,  Mahapatra, et al	Computers in biology and medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
How chemical engineers can contribute to fight the COVID-19	Santana,  HS,  de Souza, et al	Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Supply chain sustainability: learning from the COVID-19 pandemic	Sarkis,  J	International Journal of Operations and Production Management	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Adolescent substance use: Challenges and opportunities related to COVID-19	Sarvey,  D,  Welsh, et al	Journal of substance abuse treatment	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Resuming Breast Imaging Services in the Aftermath of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Safety and Beyond	Sefidbakht,  S,  Askarian, et al	Clinical Breast Cancer	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Keeping PPE barriers in COVID-19 wards while doing proper auscultation	Seidel,  E,  Luski, et al	Antimicrob Resist Infect Control	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on travel behavior in Istanbul: A panel data analysis	Shakibaei,  S,  de Jong, et al	Sustainable Cities and Society	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Nepals Tourismus nach Covid-19	Sherchan,  R	Geographische Rundschau	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The first psychiatric pandemic: Encephalitis lethargica, 1917–27	Shorter,  E	Medical hypotheses	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Organisation of a general hospital in a COVID-19 disaster situation	Sinda,  P,  Durand, et al	Oxymag	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Outcomes for patients with COVID-19: known knowns, known unknowns, and unknown unknowns	Singer,  M	Med J Aust	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
[Consenso experto en tiempos de COVID-19: aplicaciones del método Delphi en materia de salud]	Síntevi,  G,  Martínez-Ezquerro, et al	Cir Cir	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Immunohistochemical expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in minor salivary glands during SARS-CoV-2 infection	Soares,  CD,  Mosqueda-Taylor, et al	J Med Virol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Regulation in the COVID-19 pandemic and post-pandemic times: day-watchman tackling the novel coronavirus	Sokołowski,  MM	Transforming Government: People, Process and Policy	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Training strategies practiced for TB elimination	Somashekar,  N,  Ravichandra, et al	Indian Journal of Tuberculosis	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Ensuring continuity of cancer treatment despite the COVID-19 epidemic	Sontag,  P,  Galvez, et al	Revue de l'infirmiere	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Increased child abuse in Uganda amidst COVID-19 pandemic	Sserwanja,  Q,  Kawuki, et al	J Paediatr Child Health	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Inaccessible media during the COVID-19 crisis intersects with the language deprivation crisis for young deaf children in the US	Stack Whitney,  K,  Whitney, et al	Journal of Children and Media	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on exposure and response prevention outcomes in adults and youth with obsessive-compulsive disorder	Storch,  EA,  Sheu, et al	Psychiatry research	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Performing hyperbaric oxygen therapy for central retinal artery occlusion under COVID-19: From myringotomy to rapid viral test	Sunny,  CLA	Health Policy and Technology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Converging crises: public interest journalism, the pandemic and public health	Sweet,  MA,  Williams, et al	Public Health Res Pract	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The strategy to develop newly joined radiographers in a COVID-19 world: a curated orientation programme	Tay,  YX,  Wei, et al	Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Innovating and Adapting in Pediatric Pulmonology and Sleep Medicine During the COVID-19 Pandemic: ATS Pediatric Assembly Web Committee Consensus Statement for Initial COVID-19 Virtual Response	Taylor,  JB,  Oermann, et al	Pediatr Pulmonol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Building resilience and engaging communities to protect children and families during COVID-19 response and recovery	Team,  Jcih Editorial	Journal of Communication in Healthcare	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Conflicts of interest among the UK government's covid-19 advisers	Thacker,  PD	Bmj	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Life in 90 words: opportunities for person-centred care amidst COVID-19	Theodoros,  T,  Wyder, et al	Australas Psychiatry	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
“It's very serious”, three words that still echo in the back of my head	Tiphaine,  L	Revue de l'infirmiere	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Confinement: maintaining links with parents when the child is in placement	Tournier,  L	Soins Pediatrie/Puericulture	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Time for a clear national COVID-19 strategy	Trauer,  JM,  Marais, et al	Med J Aust	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Consensus statement: Safe Airway Society principles of airway management and tracheal intubation specific to the COVID-19 adult patient group	Triplett,  KE,  Collett, et al	Med J Aust	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Testing the socioeconomic determinants of COVID-19 pandemic hypothesis with aggregated Human Development Index	Troumbis,  AY	J Epidemiol Community Health	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Sars-CoV-2, a new virus of the coronavirus family	Vallet,  G	Revue de l'infirmiere	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Tomorrow is already today: The future of the medical consulta-tion	Van Der Gaag,  RJ,  Hanon, et al	Information Psychiatrique	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Talent Management For a Post-COVID-19 Supply Chain—The Critical Role for Managers	van Hoek,  R,  Gibson, et al	Journal of Business Logistics	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
A Few Implications of the COVID-19 Pandemic for International Business Strategy Research	Verbeke,  A,  Yuan, et al	Journal of Management Studies	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Excitement as outspoken HIV researcher named to lead key US health agency	Viglione,  G	Nature	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The Healthy Brain and Child Development Study-Shedding Light on Opioid Exposure, COVID-19, and Health Disparities	Volkow,  ND,  Gordon, et al	JAMA Psychiatry	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 as Cause versus Trigger for the Collapse of Capitalism	Waitzkin,  H	Int J Health Serv	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Diamond Light Source: contributions to SARS-CoV-2 biology and therapeutics	Walsh,  MA,  Grimes, et al	Biochemical and biophysical research communications	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis of respiratory rehabilitation following intensive care unit discharge for COVID-19 survivors	Wang,  D,  Li, et al	BMJ Open	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
A Tip of the Iceberg on the Mechanism of SARS-CoV-2-Induced Liver Injury	Wang,  R,  Yang, et al	Am J Gastroenterol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
À l’épreuve de la Covid-19	Warnet Rédactrice en chef adjointe,  S	Revue de l'infirmiere	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Identifying and repurposing antiviral drugs against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 with in silico and in vitro approaches	Watashi,  K	Biochemical and biophysical research communications	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Reflections on a highly unusual summer: bushfires, COVID-19 and mosquito-borne disease in NSW, Australia	Webb,  CE	Public Health Res Pract	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Impact of infection prevention precautions on adenoviral infections during the COVID-19 pandemic: experience of a tertiary hospital in Singapore	Wee,  LE,  Conceicao, et al	Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Controversies in airway management of COVID-19 patients: updated information and international expert consensus recommendations	Wei,  H,  Jiang, et al	British journal of anaesthesia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Help available for hardship, including COVID-19 hardship	Williams,  H	Kai Tiaki Nursing New Zealand	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Erratum: Development of a laboratory-safe and low-cost detection protocol for SARS-CoV-2 of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) (Experimental Neurobiology (2020) 29:2 (107-119) DOI: 10.5607/en.20009)	Won,  J,  Lee, et al	Experimental Neurobiology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The dynamics of oil on China's commodity sectors: What can we learn from a quantile perspective?	Wu,  BB	Journal of Commodity Markets	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
During trauma: An approach to the psychiatric pathology of COVID-19 patients through the COVIDOM platform	Wulfman,  R,  Jourdain, et al	Information Psychiatrique	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
How does China keep COVID-19 outside its boarder? First-hand experience of medical staff at an international airport in China	Xiao,  R,  Zhao, et al	J Travel Med	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 and the eye	Yordi,  S,  Ehlers, et al	Cleve Clin J Med	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID research updates: A coronavirus vaccine shows lasting benefit		Nature	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 and racism		J Paediatr Child Health	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
13th IFIP Working Conference on the Practice of Enterprise Modeling, PoEM 2020			Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
17th International Conference on Quantitative Evaluation Systems, QEST 2020			Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

Appendix: Process and definitions. 

A daily search for new publications is conducted in PubMed, Scopus, BioRxiv and MedRxiv, SSRN, Research Square, arXiv for all publications related to COVID-19 disease or SARS-CoV-2 using the search terms (COVID-19 OR SARS-CoV-2 OR "novel CoV" OR "novel coronavirus" OR nCoV) adapted to each database.  The capture is cross-referenced with publication announcements on the COVID-19 dashboards set up by a number of publishers and google.  Publishers include Lancet, Elsevier, The New England Journal of Medicine, BMJ, Wiley, Springer Nature, ChinaCDCweekly. Additionally the database is cross-referenced with other literature scans and activities by collaborators.  Members of the Emerging Sciences group examine and shorten the abstract or develop 1 -2 point summaries of each publication. Please email Lisa Waddell for additional information: Lisa.Waddell@canada.ca.  References are compiled in a reworks database that has citations since the beginning of the outbreak.  All references can be accessed at this link and by the categories listed below.  The daily scan has also been compiled in an excel sheet and copies can be provided upon request or accessed here.

Category Definitions:

Modelling/ prediction: Predictive modeling is a process that uses data mining and probability to forecast outcomes. Each model is made up of a number of predictors, which are variables that are likely to influence future results.

Epidemiology: the branch of medicine which deals with the incidence, distribution, and possible control of diseases and other factors relating to health. Includes Ro, attack rates, case number doubling time, case fatality rate, serial interval, clinical attack rate, asymptomatic fraction, proportion of asymptomatic and infective*

Transmission: The passage of a pathogen causing communicable disease from an infected host to an uninfected host via direct or indirect routes.

Clinical data of cases: Includes clinical parameters such as incubation period, latent period, period of communicability, duration of illness, duration of hospitalization, host risk factors, as well as clinical profiles of patients; presenting symptoms, symptoms over course of illness, comorbidities.* 

Long-term Sequelae: Data or Studies that describe the long-term effects of COVID-19 from lingering symptoms to severe conditions that persiste after acute infection has resolved.

Mental Health: All studies on mental health impacts or consequences of the pandemic for both general population and healthcare workers. 

Surveillance: Public health surveillance is the continuous, systematic collection, analysis and interpretation of health-related data.  Surveillance data will likely be number of cases suspected/confirmed, number of deaths, number recovered. *

Coronavirology: All research relating to the virus; its characteristics, genetic make-up, phylogenetic analyses

Diagnostics / Pathogen detection:  All studies on identification of the virus; culture, PCR, antibody/antigen tests etc.

Therapeutics: Studies of substances that may be used to treat infected hosts including passive immunization products.

Vaccine Research:  Studies of vaccine candidates to prevent infection with 2019-nCoV including clinical trials.

Public Health Priorities: These citations will focus on what the current research priorities are and/or where knowledge gaps exist.

Public Health interventions*: Any study evaluating how effective a public health intervention is or maybe (in the case of a predictive model).

Public Health response: Articles in this category include: COVID-19 AND substance abuse, domestic violence, social media analysis, adherence to public health measures and knowledge, attitudes and beliefs studies related to the pandemic.

Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI): Any research on the effectiveness of IPC interventions should also be tagged as IPC

Health care Response: This foci would include a description of activities to deal with 2019-nCoV cases including, but not limited to:  set up of a special emergency multi-disciplinary intensive care team; Bed and medical equipment preparation/ stock piling supplies; Education and training of staff; Early case recognition and classification of disease severity.

Economics: papers discussing/ forecasting the economics of COVID-19 pandemic.

Immunology: the study of the immune system and includes serology studies in conjunction with other foci (e.g. epidemiology or diagnostics)

Animal Model: An animal model is a living, non-human, often genetic-engineered animal used during the research and investigation of human disease, for the purpose of better understanding the disease process without the added risk of harming an actual human.

Zoonotic: all literature discussing the transmission to and from or occurrence of naturally acquired SARS-COV-2 infection in animals.

Review Literature:  All articles that summarize the published literature can be tagged as a review.  This includes systematic review, meta-analysis, scoping review, overviews, umbrella reviews*

Commentary/Editorial: For commentaries, editorials, letters to the editor, other types of opinion pieces where there is no new data collected by the author or analysis conducted by the author, please tag these within the commentary category.

News articles that have not scientific information.

*Lists are not exhaustive

Annexe: Processus et définitions. 

Une recherche quotidienne des nouvelles publications est effectuée dans PubMed, Scopus, BioRxiv and MedRxiv, SSRN, Research Square, arXiv pour toutes les publications relatives à la maladie COVID-19 ou au SRAS-CoV-2 en utilisant les termes de recherche (COVID-19 OU SARS-CoV-2 OU « novel CoV » OU « novel coronavirus » OU nCoV).  La saisie renvoie à des annonces de publication sur les tableaux de bord du nCoV mis en place par un certain nombre d'éditeurs et par Google.  Parmi les éditeurs figurent Lancet, Elsevier, The New England Journal of Medicine, BMJ, Wiley, Springer Nature, ChinaCDCweekly.  En outre, la base de données renvoie à d'autres survols de publications, et à des activités des collaborateurs.  Les membres du groupe scientifique émergent préparent des résumés en 1 ou 2 points de chaque publication. Pour en savoir plus, veuillez envoyer un courriel à Lisa Waddell au : Lisa.Waddell@canada.ca.  Les références sont compilées dans une base de données Refworks qui contient des citations depuis le début de l'épidémie.  Toutes les références sont accessibles à partir de ce lien et par les catégories énumérées ci-dessous. L'analyse quotidienne a également été compilée dans une feuille Excel et des copies peuvent être fournies sur demande ou consultées ici.

Définitions des catégories :

Modélisation / prédiction : La modélisation prédictive est un processus qui utilise l'exploration de données et la probabilité pour prévoir les résultats. Chaque modèle est composé de plusieurs prédicteurs, qui sont des variables susceptibles d'influencer les résultats futurs.

Épidémiologie : Branche de la médecine qui traite de l'incidence, de la répartition et du contrôle éventuel des maladies et d'autres facteurs liés à la santé. Comprend le taux de reproduction de base (Ro), les taux d'attaque, le temps de doublement du nombre de cas, le taux de létalité, l'intervalle sériel, le taux d'attaque clinique, la fraction asymptomatique, la proportion de cas asymptomatiques et infectieux*.

Transmission : Passage d'un agent pathogène causant une maladie transmissible d'un hôte infecté à un hôte non infecté par des voies directes ou indirectes.

Données cliniques des cas : Comprend les paramètres cliniques tels que la période d'incubation, la période de latence, la période de contagiosité, la durée de la maladie, la durée de l'hospitalisation, les facteurs de risque de l'hôte, ainsi que les profils cliniques des patients; les symptômes présentés, les symptômes au cours de la maladie, les séquelles, les comorbidités.* 

Séquelles à long terme: Données ou études décrivant les effets à long terme du COVID-19, des symptômes persistants aux affections graves qui persistent après la résolution de l'infection aiguë.

Santé mentale: Toutes les études sur les impacts ou les conséquences de la pandémie sur la santé mentale tant pour la population générale que pour les travailleurs de la santé.

Surveillance : La surveillance de la santé publique est la collecte, l'analyse et l'interprétation continues et systématiques de données relatives à la santé.  Les données de surveillance concerneront probablement le nombre de cas suspects / confirmés, le nombre de décès, le nombre de personnes guéries. *

Coronavirologie : Toutes les recherches relatives au virus, ses caractéristiques, sa constitution génétique et les analyses phylogénétiques.

Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes : Toutes les études sur l'identification du virus : culture, PCR, tests de dépistage d'anticorps ou d’antigènes, etc.

Thérapeutique : Étude des substances pouvant être utilisées pour traiter les hôtes infectés, y compris les produits d'immunisation passive.

Recherche sur les vaccins : Études des candidats à la vaccination pour prévenir l'infection par le 2019-nCoV, y compris des essais cliniques.

Priorités de santé publique : Ces citations porteront sur les priorités actuelles de recherche et/ou sur les lacunes dans les connaissances.

Interventions de santé publique* : Toute étude évaluant l'efficacité (réelle ou possible) d'une intervention de santé publique (dans le cas d'un modèle prédictif).

Réponse de la santé publique : Les articles de cette catégorie comprennent: COVID-19 ET toxicomanie, violence domestique, analyse des médias sociaux, respect des mesures de santé publique et études sur les connaissances, les attitudes et les croyances liées à la pandémie.

Prévention et contrôle des infections/Infection Prevention and Control (PCI/IPAC) : Les recherches sur l'efficacité des interventions en PCI doivent également être marquées comme PCI.

Réponse des soins de santé : Ce point comprendrait une description des activités pour traiter les cas de 2019-nCoV, notamment :  mise en place d'une équipe multidisciplinaire spéciale de soins intensifs d'urgence; préparation des lits et des équipements médicaux / stockage des fournitures; sensibilisation et formation du personnel; reconnaissance précoce des cas et classification de la gravité de la maladie.

Immunologie : l'étude du système immunitaire et comprend des études sérologiques en conjonction avec d'autres foyers (p. ex. épidémiologie ou diagnostic)

Modèle animal: Un modèle animal est un animal vivant, non humain, souvent génétiquement modifié, utilisé lors de la recherche et de l'investigation des maladies humaines, dans le but de mieux comprendre le processus de la maladie sans risque supplémentaire de nuire à un humain réel.

Zoonotic: all literature discussing the transmission to and from or occurrence of naturally acquired SARS-COV-2 infection in animals.

Économie: documents discutant / prévoyant l'économie de la pandémie de COVID-19

Revue de la documentation :  Tous les articles qui résument les documents publiés peuvent être marqués comme une revue.  Cela comprend les revues systématiques, les méta-analyses, les études de la portée, les aperçus, les examens généraux*.

Commentaires/Éditorial : Pour les commentaires, éditoriaux, lettres à la rédaction, autres types d'articles d'opinion pour lesquels aucune nouvelle donnée n'est collectée ou aucune analyse n'est effectuée par l'auteur, veuillez les marquer dans la catégorie des commentaires.

journaux Articles de presse qui n'ont pas d'informations scientifiques.

* Les listes ne sont pas exhaustives