Subject: Daily Scan of COVID-19 Scientific Publications / survol journalier des publications scientifiques du COVID-19, 2020-11-13

Good afternoon,

There are 583 citations in today’s scan. 317 were considered primary research or review literature.

Highlights today include:

CANADA

· Brown et al., conducted a population-based cohort study of residents of Ontario, Canada with COVID-19 who died between March 11, 2020 and October 28, 2020.  Among nursing home decedents, 22.4% were admitted to hospital prior to death, but this varied substantially from a low of 15.5% in March-April to a high of 41.2% in June-July. Among community-dwelling decedents, admission to acute care was higher (81.4%) and remained relatively stable throughout the first and second waves. Their findings substantiate reports suggesting that hospitalizations for nursing home residents with COVID-19 were low during the peak of the pandemic’s first wave in Canada, which may have contributed to the particularly high concentration of COVID-19 mortality in Ontario’s nursing homes.

· Zajacova et al. assess changes in health behaviours during the early stages of the pandemic in Canada. Overall, there was an increase in negative health behaviours: 14% of Canadian adults reported increasing their alcohol use, 25% increased their junk food consumption, and over 60% increased their screen time. Younger and Canada-born adults were more likely to increase negative health behaviours than older and immigrant Canadians. Adults who reported financial impact of COVID-19 were more likely to increase all negative health behaviours.

PUBLIC HEALTH INTERVENTION

· Berec et al., analyze the first wave of COVID-19 epidemic in Czechia, through assessing effects of applied restrictions. They found that (1) personal protective measures as face masks and increased hygiene are more effective than reducing contacts, (2) delaying the lockdown by four days led to twice more confirmed cases.

· Scott et al demonstrate that the mandatory mask policy implemented in Melbourne, Australia on July 22, 2020 was associated with an estimated 23% reduction in the effective reproduction ratio, from 1.18 to 0.91.

IPAC

· Eslami et al. Atomistic molecular dynamics simulations were carried out with a view to investigating the stability of the SARS-CoV-2 exterior membrane with respect to two common disinfectants, namely, aqueous solutions of ethanol and n-propanol. At alcohol concentrations in the disinfectant solution above 15 mol %, we reliably observe disintegration of the dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) membrane in its liquid crystalline phase.

TRANSMISSION

· Letizia et al investigated SARS-CoV-2 infections among U.S. Marine Corps recruits who underwent a 2-week quarantine at home followed by a second supervised 2-week quarantine at a closed college campus that involved mask wearing, social distancing, and daily temperature and symptom monitoring. Analysis of 36 SARS-CoV-2 genomes obtained from 32 participants revealed six transmission clusters among 18 participants. Epidemiologic analysis supported multiple local transmission events, including transmission between roommates and among recruits within the same platoon.

EPIDEMIOLOGY

· Kasper et al obtained clinical and demographic data for all crew members of the  U.S.S. Theodore Roosevelt following the outbreak of Covid-19 onboard. Over the course of the outbreak, 1271 crew members (26.6% of the crew) tested positive, and more than 1000 infections were identified within 5 weeks. An additional 60 crew members had suspected Covid-19.

· Oude Munnink et al describe an in-depth investigation of outbreaks on 16 mink farms and the humans living or working on these farms. We conclude that the virus was initially introduced from humans. Sixty-eight percent of the tested mink farm residents, employees and/or contacts had evidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Where whole genomes were available, these persons were infected with strains with an animal sequence signature, providing evidence of animal to human transmission of SARS-CoV-2 within mink farms.

SEROPREVALANCE

· Moncunill et al perform a one month follow-up survey of a cohort of health care workers (HCW) from Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, 11.2% of which tested positive for COVID-19. At month 1, the prevalence of infection was 14.9% and the seroprevalence 14.5%. They found that IgM, IgG and IgA levels declined in 3 months, and 68.33% of HCW had seroreverted for IgM, 3.08% for IgG, and 24.29% for IgA.

CLINICAL DATA

· Selvaraj et al describe an individual who was initially diagnosed in April 2020 with COVID-19. Seven months later, he presented again to the hospital with shortness of breath and was found to have COVID-19 reinfection

· Yamamoto et al., Seroconversion of SARS-CoV-2 was similar between well-controlled people living with HIV (PLWH) and patients without HIV suggesting that coronavirus vaccine potentially could be suitable in PLWH.

ANIMAL MODEL

· Gultom et al. In this study, we inoculated well-differentiated animal AEC cultures of monkey, cat, ferret, dog, rabbit, pig, cattle, goat, llama, camel, and two neotropical bat species with SARS-CoV-2. We observed that SARS-CoV-2 only replicated efficiently in monkey and cat AEC culture models. Whole-genome sequencing of progeny virus revealed no obvious signs of nucleotide transitions required for SARS-CoV-2 to productively infect monkey and cat epithelial airway cells.

THERAPEUTICS

· Song et al describe preclinical study of baicalein on the treatment of COVID-19. Results showed that baicalein inhibited cell damage induced by SARS-CoV-2 and improved the morphology of Vero E6 cells. The effective concentration could be reached after oral administration of 200 mg/kg crystal form β of baicalein in rats.

· Paolacci et al developed an oral spray that could inhibit the SARS-CoV-2 endocytosis. The spray contains hydroxytyrosol for its anti-viral, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties, and α-cyclodextrin for its ability to deplete sphingolipids, that form the lipid rafts where ACE2 localizes.  We demonstrated that Endovir Stop spray is safe.

· Lammers et al. reported on a nationwide, observational cohort study performed in The Netherlands that provides data on a potential protective effect of hydroxychloroquine in non-ICU, hospitalized, COVID-19 patients. Early treatment with HCQ on the first day of admission is associated with a 53% reduction in risk of transfer to the ICU for mechanical ventilation.

Regards,

Lisa Waddell, Tricia Corrin, Rukshanda Ahmad, Robyn Odell, Maribeth Mitri, Julie Theriault, Dobrila Todoric, Austyn Baumeister, Anam Khan, Musaab Younis, Lien Mi Tien, Dima Ayache, Angela Sloan, Kaitlin Young, Chatura Prematunge, Ainsley Otten, Drew Greydanus, Jessie Varga, Vanessa Zubach, Meenu Sharma, Kristyn Burak, David Knox, Joanne Hiebert, Clifford Clark, Catherine Card, Ruey Su, Paul McLaren

Focus areas: Modelling/ prediction, Epidemiology, Transmission, Clinical data, Long-term Sequelae, Mental Health, Surveillance, Coronavirology, Diagnostics / Pathogen detection, Therapeutics, Vaccine Research, Public health interventions, Public Health response, Public Health Priorities, IPAC, Health care response, Immunology, Economics, Animal model, Zoonoses, Review Literature, Commentary/Editorial, news

Domaines cibles: Modélisation/prédiction, Épidémiologie, Transmission, Données cliniques, Séquelles à long terme, Santé mentale ,Surveillance, Coronavirologie, Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes, Thérapeutique, Recherche sur les vaccins, Interventions de santé publique, Priorités de santé publique, PCI, Réponse des soins de santé, Immunologie, économie, Modèle animal, Zoonoses, Revue de littérature, Commentaire/Éditorial, journaux

PUBLICATIONS	AUTHORS / AUTEURS	SOURCE	FOCI / DOMAINE	SUMMARY / SOMMAIRE
Non-SARS-CoV-2 genome sequences identified in clinical samples from COVID-19 infected patients: Evidence for co-infections	Abouelkhair,  MA	PeerJ	Clinical data| Données cliniques	In this study, 68 public next-generation sequencing data from SARS-CoV-2 infected patients were retrieved from the NCBI Sequence Read Archive database using SRA-Toolkit. Taxonomic classification was performed using Kraken 2 on all reads containing one or more virus sequences other than SARS-CoV-2. SARS-CoV-2 was identified in all except three patients. Influenza type A (H7N9) virus, human immunodeficiency virus, rhabdovirus, human metapneumovirus, Human adenovirus, Human herpesvirus 1, coronavirus NL63, parvovirus, simian virus 40, and hepatitis virus genomes sequences were detected in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients. Besides, a very diverse group of bacterial populations were observed in the samples.
COVID-19 detection on IBM quantum computer with classical-quantum transfer learning	Acar,  Erdi,  Yilmaz, et al	medRxiv	Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	In this study, the detection of COVID-19 from CT images, which give the most accurate response in a short time, was investigated in the classical computer and firstly in quantum computers. By using a small number of data sets such as 126 COVID-19 and 100 Normal CT images, we obtained a positive or negative classification of COVID-19 with 90% success in classical computers, while we achieved a high success rate of 94-100% in quantum computers.
Execution of intervention matters more than strategy: A lesson from the spatiotemporal assessment of COVID-19 clusters in Nepal	Acharya,  Bipin Kumar,  Khanal, et al	medRxiv	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	We employed the prospective spatial-temporal analysis with SaTScan assessing dynamics of the COVID-19 cases from 23 January to 31 August 2020 at district level in Nepal. The results revealed that COVID-19 dynamics in the early stage of transmission was slower and confined in certain districts. However, from the third week of April, transmission spread rapidly across districts of Province No. 2 and Sudoorpaschim Province, primarily introduced by Nepalese citizens returning from India. Despite nationwide lockdown, nine statistically significant active and emerging clusters were detected between 23 January and 21 July 2020, whereas ten emerging clusters were observed for extended period to 31 August. The population density and population inflow from India crossing the sealed border had significant effects on the elevated risk of the epidemic. The capital city Kathmandu has become the highest-risk active cluster since August when travel restriction has been suspended. Movement restriction appears to be the most effective non-pharmaceutical intervention against the COVID-19 for resource-scarce countries with limited health care facilities.
COVID-19 Misinformation Prophylaxis: Study Protocol for a Randomized Trial of a Brief Informational Intervention	Agley,  J,  Xiao, et al	JMIR Res Protoc	RCT	This paper describes the protocol for a randomized trial of a brief, digital intervention to increase trust in science. COVID-19 misinformation prophylaxis is important.
Resistance of endothelial cells to SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro</em&gt	Ahmetaj-Shala,  Blerina,  Peacock, et al	bioRxiv	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	Objective To determine infectibility of primary endothelial cell lines with live SARS-CoV-2 and pseudoviruses expressing SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Methods and Results Expression of ACE2 and BSG pathways genes was determined in three types of endothelial cells; blood outgrowth, lung microvascular and aortic endothelial cells.  Endothelial and Vero E6 cells were treated with live SARS-CoV-2 virus for 1 hour and imaged at 24 and 72 hours post infection. Pseudoviruses containing SARS-CoV-2, Ebola and Vesicular Stomatis Virus glycoproteins were generated and added to endothelial cells and HEK 239Ts for 2 hours and infection measured using luminescence at 48 hours post infection. Compared to nasal epithelial cells, endothelial cells expressed low or undetectable levels of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 but comparable levels of BSG, PPIA and PPIB. Endothelial cells showed no susceptibility to live SARS-CoV-2 or SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus.
"I'm a hero, but…": An evaluation of depression, anxiety, and stress levels of frontline healthcare professionals during COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey	Alan,  H,  Eskin Bacaksiz, et al	Perspect Psychiatr Care	Mental Health | santé mentale	Authors aimed to evaluate depression, anxiety, stress symptoms of health professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic and to reveal the risk factors. The professionals involved in the struggle against the COVID-19 have high levels of depression, anxiety, stress.
Explainable COVID-19 Detection Using Chest CT Scans and Deep Learning	Alshazly,  Hammam,  Linse, et al	arXiv	Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This paper explores how well deep learning models trained on chest CT images can diagnose COVID-19 infected people in a fast and automated process.  Adopted advanced deep network architectures and proposed a transfer learning strategy using custom-sized input tailored for each deep architecture to achieve the best performance. The obtained results show superior performances for our models compared with previous studies, where our best models achieve average accuracy, precision, sensitivity, specificity and F1 score of 99.4%, 99.6%, 99.8%, 99.6% and 99.4% on the SARS-CoV-2 dataset; and 92.9%, 91.3%, 93.7%, 92.2% and 92.5% on the COVID19-CT dataset, respectively.
Human cardiac stromal cells exposed to SARS-CoV-2 evolve into hyper-inflammatory/pro-fibrotic phenotype and produce infective viral particles depending on the levels of ACE2 receptor expression	Amendola,  Alessandra,  Garoffolo, et al	medRxiv	Clinical data| Données cliniques	We analyzed expression of ACE2 receptor in primary human cardiac stromal cells using proteomic and transcriptomic methods before exposing them to SARS-CoV-2 in vitro. Using conventional and high sensitivity PCR methods, we measured virus production in the cellular supernatants and monitored the intracellular viral bioprocessing. We performed high-resolution imaging to show the sites of intracellular viral production. We finally used Q-RT-PCR assays to detect genes linked to innate immunity and fibrotic pathways coherently regulated in cells exposed to virus. Our findings indicate that human cardiac stromal cells have a susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and produce variable viral yields depending on the extent of cellular ACE2 receptor expression. Interestingly, these cells also evolved toward hyper-inflammatory/pro-fibrotic phenotypes independently of ACE2 levels, suggesting a dual cardiac damage mechanism that could account for the elevated numbers of cardiac complications in severe COVID-19 cases.
Seasonal human coronavirus antibodies are boosted upon SARS-CoV-2 infection but not associated with protection	Anderson,  ElizabethM,  Goodwin, et al	medRxiv	Immunology | Immunologie	Here, we quantified levels of SARS-CoV-2-reactive antibodies and hCoV-reactive antibodies in serum samples collected from 204 humans before the COVID-19 pandemic. We then quantified pre-pandemic antibody levels in serum from a separate cohort of 252 individuals who became PCR-confirmed infected with SARS-CoV-2. Finally, we longitudinally measured hCoV and SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in the serum of hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Our studies indicate that most individuals possessed hCoV-reactive antibodies before the COVID-19 pandemic. We determined that ∼23% of these individuals possessed non-neutralizing antibodies that cross-reacted with SARS-CoV-2 spike and nucleocapsid proteins. These antibodies were not associated with protection against SARS-CoV-2 infections or hospitalizations, but paradoxically these hCoV cross-reactive antibodies were boosted upon SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Differential white blood cell count in the COVID-19: A cross-sectional study of 148 patients	Anurag,  A,  Jha, et al	Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research and Reviews	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	To study the association between various hematological parameters and disease severity of COVID-19. To analyze the effects of hypertension and diabetes on neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and neutrophil-monocyte ratio in patients suffering from COVID-19. The study was a cross-sectional study involving 148 laboratory-confirmed cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Of the 148 patients, 78.4%, 8.1% and 13.5% cases were in the mild, moderate and severe groups, respectively. Older age, higher TLC, neutrophilia, lymphopenia, eosinopenia, high NLR and high NMR are associated with severe COVID-19. High NLR and high NMR are indicative of severe disease among diabetic patients. High NLR also indicates severe disease among hypertensive patients.
Health-related quality of life and its associated factors in COVID-19 patients	Arab-Zozani,  M,  Hashemi, et al	Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	The purpose of this study was to evaluate HRQoL and related factors in Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. A total of 420 COVID-19 patients who had been discharged from hospital were selected using a systematic sampling. The EuroQol 5-dimensional-5 levels (EQ-5D-5L) questionnaire along with medical records of the patients were used to gather the data.  The mean score for the patients who completed the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire (n = 409) was 0.6125. The EQ-5D-5L scores were significantly higher in males, patients with younger age, those with a low level of education, the employed, patients who worked in uncrowded workplaces, patients without diabetes, and those who were not admitted to intensive care unit. The BetaMix model showed that gender, age, education, employment status, having diabetes, heart failure, and admission to the intensive care unit were significant independent predictors of the EQ-5D-5L index values.
Deep Learning Model to Identify COVID-19 Cases from Chest Radiographs	Arellano,  MC,  Ramos, et al		Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	This conference report uses two published data set of frontal chest X-chest of COVID-19 and not COVID-19 patients to train their computer algorithm to detect COVID-19 patients in a  small subset of test data set in Peru.  The found results to be encouraging with ~90% sensitivity  and ~90% specificity.
Artificial Intelligence ECG to Detect Left Ventricular Dysfunction in COVID-19: A Case Series	Attia,  ZI,  Kapa, et al	Mayo Clinic proceedings	Clinical data| Données cliniques	We sought to review the clinical experience with an artificial intelligence electrocardiogram (AI ECG) to screen for ventricular dysfunction in patients with documented COVID-19. We examined 27 patients in the Mayo Clinic system who underwent clinically indicated electrocardiography and echocardiography within 2 weeks following a positive COVID-19 test.  This case series suggests that the AI ECG, previously shown to detect ventricular dysfunction in a large general population, may be useful as a screening tool for the detection of cardiac dysfunction in patients with COVID-19.
Anxiety, Depression, and Resilience of Healthcare Workers in Japan During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Outbreak	Awano,  N,  Oyama, et al	Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan)	Mental Health | santé mentale	Anxiety, depression and resilience of 848 Japanese health care workers were assessed in April/May  2020 to find 10% with moderate to severe anxiety  disorder and 28% with depression. Being a nurse and high  Generalized Anxiety Disorder scores are at higher risk of developing  depression, while older workers are at less risk.
Risk factors for intensive care unit admission and mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients	Ayaz,  A,  Arshad, et al	Acute Crit Care	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	This study investigated the clinical features and outcome of hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients admitted to a quaternary care hospital in Pakistan.  Authors found a mortality rate of 14% in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
Mathematical modeling of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in Qatar and its impact on the national response to COVID-19	Ayoub,  HousseinH,  Chemaitelly, et al	medRxiv	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de sant&amp;eacute; publique	The study investigated the time course of the epidemic, forecasted healthcare needs, predicted the impact of social and physical distancing restrictions, and rationalized and justified easing of restrictions. An age-structured deterministic model was constructed to describe SARS-CoV-2 transmission dynamics and disease progression throughout the population. Use of modeling and forecasting to guide the national response proved to be a successful strategy, reducing the toll of the epidemic to a manageable level for the healthcare system.
A saliva-based RNA extraction-free workflow integrated with Cas13a for SARS-CoV-2 detection	Azmi,  Iqbal,  Faizan, et al	medRxiv	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	we present CASSPIT (Cas13 Assisted Saliva-based & Smartphone Integrated Testing), which will allow direct use of saliva samples without the need for RNA extraction for SARS-CoV-2 detection. The sample preparation workflow includes an optimized chemical treatment and heat inactivation method, which, when applied to 94 COVID-19 clinical samples, showed a 97% positive agreement with the RNA extraction method. With CASSPIT, LFA based visual limit of detection (LoD) for a given SARS-CoV-2 RNA spiked into the saliva samples was ∼200 copies; image analysis-based quantification further improved the analytical sensitivity to ∼100 copies. Upon validation of clinical sensitivity on RNA extraction-free saliva samples (n=76), a 98% agreement between the lateral-flow readout and RT-qPCR data was found. To enable user-friendly test results with provision for data storage and online consultation, we subsequently integrated lateral-flow strips with a smartphone application.
Tinocordiside from Tinospora cordifolia (Giloy) May Curb SARS-CoV-2 Contagion by Disrupting the Electrostatic Interactions between Host ACE2 and Viral S-Protein Receptor Binding Domain	Balkrishna,  A,  Pokhrel, et al	Comb Chem High Throughput Screen	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	Authors  have screened phytocompounds from a medicinal herb, Tinospora cordifolia, for their capacities to interrupt the viral RBD and host ACE2 interactions. Authors postulate that natural phytochemicals like Tinocordiside could be the viable options for controlling SARS-CoV-2 contagion and its entry into host cells.
The Uncertain COVID-19 Spread Pattern in India: A Statistical Analysis of the Current Situation	Baruah,  HemantaK	medRxiv	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	In this article, we are going to discuss the uncertain situation currently prevailing in the COVID-19 spread in India. For statistical analysis, we have considered the total number of cases for 60 consecutive days, from June 23 to August 21. We have seen that instead of taking data of all 60 days together, a better picture of uncertainty can be observed if we consider the data separately in three equal parts from June 23 to July 12, from July 13 to August 1, and from August 2 to August 21. For that we would first need to ascertain that the current spread pattern in India is almost exponential. Thereafter we shall show that the data regarding the total number of cases in India are not really behaving in an expected way, making forecasting the time to peak very difficult. We have found that the pandemic would perhaps change its pattern of growth from nearly exponential to nearly logarithmic, which we have earlier observed in the case of Italy, in less than 78 days starting from August 2.
Modeling and forecasting the early evolution of the Covid-19 pandemic in Brazil	Bastos,  SB,  Cajueiro, et al	Sci Rep	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de sant&amp;eacute; publique	Authors model and forecast the early evolution of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil.  Short and long term forecasts show that the social distancing policy imposed by the government is able to flatten the pattern of infection of the COVID-19.
Tracking the Dynamics and Allocating Tests for COVID-19 in Real-Time: an Acceleration Index with an Application to French Age Groups and Départements*</sup&gt	Baunez,  Christelle,  Degoulet, et al	medRxiv	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	Using French data on cases and tests for the period following the first lock-down - from May 13, 2020, onwards - our acceleration index shows that the ongoing pandemic resurgence can be dated to begin around July 7. It uncovers that the pandemic acceleration has been stronger than national average for the [59 − 68] and especially the 69 and older age groups since early September. In contrast, acceleration among the [19 − 28] age group is the lowest and is about half that of the [69 − 78], as of October 25.
Anxiety and depression among people living in quarantine centers during COVID-19 pandemic: A mixed method study from western Nepal	Bc,  Udaya Bahadur,  Pokharel, et al	medRxiv	Mental Health | santé mentale	The main objective of this study was to explore the status of anxiety and depression, and factors affecting them among returnee migrants living in institutional quarantine centers of western Nepal. Methods A mixed method approach was used which included a quantitative survey and in-depth interviews (IDIs). Survey questionnaire utilized Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) tools, which were administered among 441 quarantined returnee migrants and IDIs were conducted among 12 participants which included a mix of quarantined migrants and healthcare workers from the quarantine centres.  Results Mild depression  and anxiety was common among respondents followed by moderate depression and anxiety and severe depression and anxiety {depression.
The COVID-19 epidemic in the Czech Republic: retrospective analysis of measures (not) implemented during the spring first wave	Berec,  Ludek,  Smycka, et al	medRxiv	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	We develop an age-structured model of COVID-19 epidemic, distinguish several types of contact, and divide the population into 206 counties. We calibrate the model by sociological and population movement data and use it to analyze the first wave of COVID-19 epidemic in Czechia, through assessing effects of applied restrictions as well as exploring functionality of alternative intervention schemes that were discussed later. We found that (1) personal protective measures as face masks and increased hygiene are more effective than reducing contacts, (2) delaying the lockdown by four days led to twice more confirmed cases, (3) implementing personal protection and effective testing as early as possible is a priority, and (4) tracing and quarantine or just local lockdowns can effectively compensate for any global lockdown if the numbers of confirmed cases not exceedingly high.
Optimal Switching between Locking Down and Opening the Economy Because of an Infection	Bichuch,  Maxim	SSRN- Lancet prepublication	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Public health interventions*| Interventions de sant&amp;eacute; publique	We consider a two-regime switching model with the goal of minimizing the expected discounted cumulative combination of number of infections together with an inverse economical indicator. We assume the two regimes choices are between opening and and locking down the economy, and the choice affects the infection rate. We also assume that the economy level also has a small influence on both the infection rate and on the cumulative function being minimized. We then asymptotically find the value function and the boundaries of the stopping regions, and perform a numerical calibration to draw conclusions about optimal lockdown in a pandemic.
The prevalence of asymptomatic carriers of COVID-19 as determined by routine preoperative testing	Bloom,  JA,  Erlichman, et al	Journal of Infection Prevention	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This study defined the prevalence of asymptomatic carriers in a surgical population and to better understand the impact of testing on our personal protective equipment (PPE) supply. Eighty-four asymptomatic surgical patients were tested preoperatively with three (3.6%) testing positive for SARS-CoV-2. Preoperative testing saved 498 N95 respirators over this time period.
Public Perception of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Twitter: Sentiment Analysis and Topic Modeling Study	Boon-Itt,  S,  Skunkan, et al	JMIR Public Health Surveill	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The aim of this study was to increase understanding of public awareness of COVID-19 pandemic trends and uncover meaningful themes of concern posted by Twitter users in the English language during the pandemic. Sentiment analysis and topic modeling can produce useful information about the trends in the discussion of the COVID-19 pandemic on social media as well as alternative perspectives to investigate the COVID-19 crisis, which has created considerable public awareness. This study shows that Twitter is a good communication channel for understanding both public concern and public awareness about COVID-19. These findings can help health departments communicate information to alleviate specific public concerns about the disease.
Coronavírus 2019, trombocitopenia e síndrome HELLP: Associação ou coincidência?	Braga,  LFB,  Sass, et al	Revista brasileira de ginecologia e obstetricia : revista da Federacao Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e Obstetricia	Clinical data| Données cliniques	The report describes the case of a 31-year-old primigravida, with dichorionic twins at 31 weeks. She presented with history of myalgia, jaundice, and abdominal discomfort. No flu-like symptoms as fever or cough. She was not aware of exposure to COVID-19. Normal blood pressure and O2 saturation. Laboratory tests showed platelet count of 218,000 mm3, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) 558 IU and serum creatinine 2.3 mg/dl. Doppler ultrasound in one twin was compatible with brain sparing. Partial hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelet count (HELLP) syndrome was the hypothesis, and a cesarean section was performed. Chest tomography revealed both lungs with ground-glass opacities and pleural effusion.  An oropharyngeal swab for COVID-19 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing was positive. The patient was admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with O2 saturation 94% and maintained adequate saturation just with face mask oxygen. On day 21, she was discharged from the hospital. The COVID-19 tests were negative in both newborns.
Protective efficacy of a SARS-CoV-2 DNA Vaccine in wild-type and immunosuppressed Syrian hamsters	Brocato,  Rebecca,  Kwilas, et al	bioRxiv	Vaccine Research| Recherche sur les vaccins Animal model | Modèle animal	SARS-CoV-2 DNA targeting the spike protein and delivered by jet injection, nCoV-S(JET), elicited neutralizing antibodies in hamsters and was protective in both wild-type and transiently immunosuppressed hamster models. This study highlights the DNA vaccine, nCoV-S(JET), we developed has a great potential to move to next stage of preclinical studies, and it also demonstrates that the transiently-immunosuppressed Syrian hamsters, which recapitulate severe and prolonged COVID-19 disease, can be used for preclinical evaluation of the protective efficacy of spike-based COVID-19 vaccine.
Temporal Variations in the Intensity of Care Provided to Community and Nursing Home Residents Who Died of COVID-19 in Ontario, Canada	Brown,  KevinA,  Daneman, et al	medRxiv	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	We measured temporal variations in hospitalizations among community and nursing home-dwelling decedents with COVID-19 during the first and second waves of the pandemic. We conducted a population-based cohort study of residents of Ontario, Canada with COVID-19 who died between March 11, 2020 and October 28, 2020. We examined hospitalization prior to death as a function of 4 factors: community vs. nursing home residence, age in years (<70, 70-79, 80-89, ≥90), gender, and month of death. Among nursing home decedents (N=2000), 22.4% were admitted to hospital prior to death, but this varied substantially from a low of 15.5% in March-April (peak of wave 1) to a high of 41.2% in June-July (nadir of wave 1). Among community-dwelling decedents (N=1,114), admission to acute care was higher (81.4%) and remained relatively stable throughout the first and second waves. Similar temporal trends for nursing home versus community decedents were apparent in age-stratified analyses.  Our findings substantiate reports suggesting that hospitalizations for nursing home residents with COVID-19 were low during the peak of the pandemic’s first wave in Canada, which may have contributed to the particularly high concentration of COVID-19 mortality in Ontario’s nursing homes.
Life in lockdown: A telephone survey to investigate the impact of COVID-19 lockdown measures on the lives of older people (≥ 75 years)	Brown,  L,  Mossabir, et al	Age Ageing	Mental Health | santé mentale	To investigate the impact of COVID-19 lockdown measures on the lives of older people. 52% did not worry about their health; 76% rated their health as "good", "very good" or "excellent". < 10% met the criteria indicative of depression (PHQ-8), or anxiety (GAD-2). 42% were less active than before lockdown. 27% were lonely at least some of the time. Over half of participants identified positive aspects.
Loneliness during strict lockdown: trajectories and predictors during the COVID-19 pandemic in 38,217 adults in the UK	Bu,  Feifei,  Steptoe, et al	medRxiv	Mental Health | santé mentale	The current study aimed to examine if and how loneliness levels changed during the strict lockdown and to explore the clustering of loneliness growth trajectories. Data from 38,217 UK adults in the UCL COVID -19 Social Study (a panel study collecting data weekly during the pandemic) were analysed during the strict lockdown period in the UK (23/03/2020-10/05/2020).  Analyses revealed four classes, with the baseline loneliness level ranging from low to high. In the first a few weeks of lockdown, loneliness levels increased in the highest loneliness group, decreased in the lowest loneliness group, and stayed relatively constant in the middle two groups. Younger adults (OR=2.17-6.81), women (OR=1.59), people with low income (OR=1.3), the economically inactive (OR=1.3-2.04) and people with mental health conditions (OR=5.32) were more likely to be in highest loneliness class relative to the lowest. Further, living with others or in a rural area, and having more close friends or greater social support were protective.
Spatial Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 and Reduced Risk of Contagion: Evidence from the Second Italian Epidemic Wave	Buonanno,  Paolo,  Galletta, et al	SSRN- Lancet prepublication	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	We highlight a negative association between the severity of the first-wave of SARS-Cov-2 and the spread of the virus during the second-wave. Analyzing data of a sample of municipalities from the Italian region of Lombardy, we find that a one standard deviation increase in excess of mortality during the first-wave is associated with a reduction of approximately 30% in the number of detected infected individuals in the initial phase of the second-wave. Our findings may reflect a behavioral response in more severely hit areas as well as a cross-protection between successive waves.
Safety of reopening universities and colleges using a combined strategy during coronavirus disease 2019 in China: a cross-sectional study	Cai,  Guoqi,  Luo, et al	Research Square prepub	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de sant&amp;eacute; publique	This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the safety of reopening universities and colleges using a combined strategy in China. Among 13,116 participants, 4067 tested for SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid and no positive results were identified. Of 9049 participants who chose to conduct antibody tests, 28 (0.3%) tested positive but no one was confirmed by the additional viral nucleic acid tests. Online questionnaires were collected from 5741 participants (mean 25.1 years, 35% female). High-risk exposures and COVID-19 related symptoms were reported in 8.3% and 7.4% of participants, respectively. Comorbidities (hypertension, diabetes, chronic pulmonary disease, and chronic kidney disease) were rare (0.2%-1.5%).
Purchasing, consumption, demographic and socioeconomic variables associated with shifts in alcohol consumption during the COVID-19 pandemic	Callinan,  S,  Mojica-Perez, et al	Drug Alcohol Rev	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This paper aims to provide insight into shifts in alcohol consumption and associated factors during the epidemic. Reports of average consumption before (3.53 drinks per day 3.36, 3.71 95% confidence interval]) and during (3.52 3.34, 3.69]) the pandemic were stable. However, young men and those who drank more outside the home in 2019 reported decreased consumption during the pandemic, and people with high levels of stress and those who bulk-bought alcohol when restrictions were announced reported an increase in consumption relative to those who did not.
Lack of efficacy of standard doses of ivermectin in severe COVID-19 patients	Camprubí,  D,  Almuedo-Riera, et al	PLoS One	Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	Ivermectin has recently shown efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 in-vitro. We retrospectively reviewed severe COVID-19 patients receiving standard doses of ivermectin and we compared clinical and microbiological outcomes with a similar group of patients not receiving ivermectin. No differences were found between groups. We recommend the evaluation of high-doses of ivermectin in randomized trials against SARS-CoV-2.
Comparative Evaluation of Nasal and Small Intestine Expression of ACE2, TMPRSS2 and ACE1 and in Children and in Adults	Canani,  Roberto Berni,  Comegna, et al	SSRN- Lancet prepublication	Clinical data| Données cliniques	This study aimed to evaluate the expression of ACE2, ACE1, and TMPRSS2 genes at the level of the two most relevant entry sites for SARS-CoV-2, the upper respiratory tract and small intestine, in healthy children and adult subjects. We found no difference in ACE2, ACE1, and TMPRSS2 expression in the nasal epithelium between children and adult subjects. The general lower severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children does not seem to be related to a lower expression of ACE2 and/or TMPRSS2 in the respiratory tract or in the gastrointestinal tract. Other co-factors may confer protection against SARS-CoV-2 in children. The exploration of such factors is of pivotal importance for development of innovative protective strategies against SARS-CoV-2.
The Impact of Covid-19 Lockdown on Stroke Admissions and Treatments in Campania	Candelaresi,  P,  Manzo, et al	Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	Objectives: The enforcement of complete lockdown with home confinement has been necessary to limit SARS-CoV-2 contagions in Italy, one the most affected countries worldwide. Simultaneously, in several Emergency Departments, a reduction in cardio- and cerebrovascular presentations was noticed. This study analyses the impact of Covid-19 pandemic and lockdown measures on the incidence of stroke, in Campania, the most densely-populated region in Italy. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data regarding acute stroke patients presenting at 5 Campania stroke hubs, before and after the issue of lockdown in Italy on March 9th, 2020. Results: Compared to the pre-lockdown, we observed a significant reduction in the number of acute reperfusion treatments in stroke (P for interact 0.001); however the global number of patients presenting with acute stroke did not significantly differ. The time to reach medical attention was significantly longer in the lockdown phase (230 versus 154 min, P 0.016). For patients who underwent acute reperfusion treatment we also observed significantly longer time-to-imaging (30 versus 40 min, P 0.0005) and a trend to longer time-to-needle (75 versus 90 min P 0.23), but not time-to-groin. Conclusions: This study showed the reduction in acute reperfusion treatments for acute ischemic stroke and the slowdown of stroke pathways, during the lockdown phase of Covid-19 pandemic, in Campania, the third-most-populous and the most-densely populated Italian Region. In the next future, the risk for high-grade disability and death, due to delayed or even avoided hospital presentation due to fear of contagion, may be high. © 2020 Elsevier Inc.
PMC7609053; Management of acute coronary syndromes during the COVID-19 outbreak in Lombardy: The "macro-hub" experience	Carugo,  S,  Ferlini, et al	Int J Cardiol Heart Vasc	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	The aim of this paper is to present the results of 13 Macro-Hubs in Lombardy which were identified to deliver timely optimal care to patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS). During the COVID-19 outbreak in Lombardy, the redefinition of ACS network according to enlarged Macro-Hubs allowed to continue with timely ACS management, while reserving a high number of intensive care beds for the pandemic.
A universal screening strategy for sars-cov-2 infection in intensive care units: Korean experience in a single hospital	Chang,  E,  Choi, et al	Infection and Chemotherapy	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	A universal screening program for SARS-CoV-2 infection in two Korean ICUs was reported to  be reasonably effective in preventing in-hospital transmission  and making clinical practices and HCP stable.  However, there is no supporting  control data to demonstrate the stated effectiveness.
Mobility network models of COVID-19 explain inequities and inform reopening	Chang,  S,  Pierson, et al	Nature	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Transmission Public health interventions*| Interventions de sant&amp;eacute; publique	Authors introduce a metapopulation SEIR model that integrates fine-grained, dynamic mobility networks to simulate the spread of SARS-CoV-2 in 10 of the largest US metropolitan statistical areas. By capturing who is infected at which locations, our model supports detailed analyses that can inform more effective and equitable policy responses to COVID-19.
AI-driven quantification, staging and outcome prediction of COVID-19 pneumonia	Chassagnon,  G,  Vakalopoulou, et al	Medical image analysis	Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	In this study, we collected a multi-center cohort and we investigated the use of medical imaging and artificial intelligence for disease quantification, staging and outcome prediction. Our approach relies on automatic deep learning-based disease quantification using an ensemble of architectures, and a data-driven consensus for the staging and outcome prediction of the patients fusing imaging biomarkers with clinical and biological attributes. Highly promising results on multiple external/independent evaluation cohorts as well as comparisons with expert human readers demonstrate the potentials of our approach.
Optimal Allocation of Limited Test Resources for the Quantification of COVID-19 Infections	Chatzimanolakis,  Michail,  Weber, et al	medRxiv	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Public health interventions*| Interventions de sant&amp;eacute; publique	We combine Bayesian experimental design with an epidemiology model and propose a methodology for the optimal allocation of limited testing resources in space and time, which maximizes the information gain for such unreported infections. The proposed approach is applicable at the onset and spreading of the epidemic and can forewarn for a possible recurrence of the disease after relaxation of interventions. We examine its application in Switzerland; the open source software is, however, readily adaptable to countries around the world. We find that following the proposed methodology can lead to vastly less uncertain predictions for the spread of the disease. Estimates of the effective reproduction number and of the future number of unreported infections are improved, which in turn can provide timely and systematic guidance for the effective identification of infectious individuals and for decision-making.
Association of Proteinuria and Hematuria with Acute Kidney Injury and Mortality in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19	Chaudhri,  I,  Moffitt, et al	Kidney Blood Press Res	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	Authors studied the link between acute kidney injury (AKI) and poor outcomes in hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but data on the association of proteinuria and hematuria are limited to non-US populations. Proteinuria and hematuria both at the time of admission and during hospitalization are associated with adverse clinical outcomes in hospitalized patients with COVID-19.
First case of mild encephalopathy with reversible splenial lesion in SARS-CoV-2 infection	Chauffier,  J,  Poey, et al	Medecine et Maladies Infectieuses	Clinical data| Données cliniques	This editorial reports a case of a patient infected by SARS-CoV-2 who developed mild encephalopathy with reversible splenial lesion (MERS). The patient showed several typical MERS-associated findings, including behavioral abnormalities, dysexecutive and memory disorder, benign course, EEG slowing and normal CSF. His MR brain lesion fulfilled the criteria for the most common and mildest form of cytotoxic lesion of the corpus callosum. The patient rapidly improved without any treatment for five days other than oxygen therapy and left the hospital after 7 days.
Taiwan Government-Guided Strategies Contributed to Combating and Controlling COVID-19 Pandemic	Chen,  CC,  Tseng, et al	Frontiers in Public Health	Public health interventions*| Interventions de sant&amp;eacute; publique	The optimal strategies to prevent the spread of this disease are inconclusive, and therefore, the adopted measurements to combat COVID-19 varies in different countries. In mid-March and late-August 2020, we performed internet searches to collect relevant information, from sources such as the website of the World Health Organization. The epidemiological data of COVID-19 from several countries were collected and we found that Taiwan had a comparably successful story for combating the pandemic. As of mid-March, Taiwan had high rates of diagnostic testing (688.5 tests per million citizens) with a lower infection rate (49 cases, 2.1 cases per million people). As of late-August, there were 488 cases (20 cases per million people). Furthermore, Taiwanese government-guided strategies and hospital data were also reviewed. We summarized some important strategies to combat COVID-19, which include: (1) border control; (2) official media channel and press conferences; (3) name-based rationing system for medical masks; (4) TOCC-based rapid triage, outdoor clinics, and protective sampling devices; and (5) social distancing, delaying the start of new semesters, and religious assembly restriction.
Ultrasound Imaging Findings of Acute Testicular Infection in Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Single-Center-Based Study in Wuhan, China	Chen,  L,  Huang, et al	J Ultrasound Med	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Authors enrolled male patients with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 and performed a bedside ultrasound (US) examination of the scrotum, focused on findings of acute inflammation such as tunica albuginea thickening, enlargement and heterogeneous echogenicity of the testis, epididymis, or both, an abscess, scrotal wall edema, and hydrocele. This study shows US imaging evidence that SARS-CoV-2 may cause infection of the testis or epididymis, and the risk is worthy of the attention of clinicians.
Analysis of dynamic disturbance in blood coagulation function of patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019: A retrospective observational study	Chen,  N,  Li, et al	Medicine	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	This study assessed the differences and dynamic changes of blood coagulation function in COVID-19 patients with different severity. Patients were divided into 3 subgroups: 186 ordinary, 45 severe and 30 critical ones. Average age in critical group (71.47 ± 11.48 years) was the oldest of 3 subgroups. At admission, statistically differences could be observed among ordinary, severe and critical patients in D-dimer (0.18 ± 0.33, 0.63 ± 1.13 and 1.16 ± 1.58 mg/L), fibrinogen/fibrin degradation products (FDP) (3.11 ± 5.30, 9.82 ± 23.91 and 21.94 ± 40.98 μg/ml), platelet (169 ± 62.85), (188 ± 71.56) and (117 ± 38.31) × 10/L)] and lymphocyte count (1.18 ± 0.46), (0.82 ± 0.35) and (0.75 ± 0.39) × 10/L)], respectively (P < .05). During hospitalization, the peak values of coagulation and valley values of blood routine were monitored. There were significant differences among ordinary, severe and critical patients in D-dimer (0.26 ± 0.46, 1.39 ± 1.51 and 2.89 ± 1.68 mg/L), FDP (3.29 ± 5.52, 23.68 ± 39.07 and 56.11 ± 49.94 μg/ml), platelet (164 ± 55.53), (171 ± 69.96) and (84 ± 57.80) × 10/L)] and lymphocyte count (1.10 ± 0.46), (0.65 ± 0.35) and (0.55 ± 0.31) × 10/L)], respectively (P < .001). D-dimer and FDP in the course of disease in severe/critical groups showed a first upward and then downward trend.
Persistence and Evolution of SARS-CoV-2 in an Immunocompromised Host	Choi,  B,  Choudhary, et al	N Engl J Med	Clinical data| Données cliniques	In this letter to the editor authors discuss the case of a  45-year-old man with severe antiphospholipid syndrome complicated by diffuse alveolar hemorrhage,1 who was receiving anticoagulation therapy, glucocorticoids, cyclophosphamide, and intermittent rituximab and eculizumab, was admitted to the hospital with fever .Although most immunocompromised persons effectively clear SARS-CoV-2 infection, this case highlights the potential for persistent infection5 and accelerated viral evolution associated with an immunocompromised state.
Sixty-Day Outcomes Among Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19	Chopra,  V,  Flanders, et al	Ann Intern Med	Long-Term Sequelae | séquelles à long terme	The objective of this work was to describe 60-day postdischarge clinical, financial, and mental health outcomes of patients with COVID-19. For most patients who survived, ongoing morbidity, including the inability to return to normal activities, physical and emotional symptoms, and financial loss, was common .
In silico analyses on the comparative sensing of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA by intracellular TLRs of human	Choudhury,  Abhigyan,  Das, et al	bioRxiv	Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	This study is hoped to rationalize the comparative binding and sensing of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA towards the intracellular Toll-like receptors (TLRs), considering the solvent-based force-fields operational in the cytosolic aqueous microenvironment that predominantly drive these reactions. Our in-silico study on the binding of all mRNAs with the intracellular TLRs shown that the mRNA of NSP10, S2, and E proteins of SARS-CoV-2 are potent enough to bind with TLR3, TLR9, and TLR7 and trigger downstream cascade reactions, and may be used as an option for validation of therapeutic option and immunomodulation against COVID-19.
Experience of SARS-CoV-2 infection in two kidney transplant recipients living with HIV-1 infection	Chowdary,  P,  Shetty, et al	Transpl Infect Dis	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Here we discuss two kidney transplant recipients living with HIV with SARS-CoV-2 infection and their clinical course, and review the existing literature for this subset of challenging patients.
PMC7571495; Phlegmasia cerulea dolens associated with acute coronavirus disease 2019 pneumonia despite supratherapeutic warfarin anticoagulation	Chun,  TT,  Jimenez, et al	J Vasc Surg Cases Innov Tech	Clinical data| Données cliniques	We present the case of a 51-year-old man with acute COVID-19 pneumonia who developed phlegmasia cerulea dolens despite chronic warfarin therapy and a supratherapeutic international normalized ratio.
Generation of restriction endonucleases barcode map to trace SARS-CoV-2 origin and evolution	Colombo,  Federico,  Corsiero, et al	Research Square prepub	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	In this work, using a different method we aimed to strengthen the observation that no evidence of genetic manipulation has been found by i) detecting classical restriction site (RS) sequence in human SARS-CoV-2 genomes and ii) comparing them with other recombinant SARS-CoV-like virus created for experimental purposes. Finally, we propose a novel approach consisting in the generation of a restriction endonucleases site map of SARS-CoV-2 and other related coronavirus genomes to be used as a fingerprint to trace the virus evolution.
Late Bowel Iischemia and Colovaginal Fistula after Low Anterior Resection in a COVID-19 Patient	Costanzi,  A,  Monteleone, et al	Chirurgia (Bucharest, Romania : 1990)	Clinical data| Données cliniques	This paper presents the case of a patient with rectal cancer treated with pull-through technique low anterior rectal resection and coloanal anastomosis with protective loop ileostomy, complicated with Sars-CoV-2 infection and late (31st post-operative day) colic ischemia with colo-vaginal fistula. Late intestinal ischemia is a rare complication and can be secondary to several traditional factors, but certainly small vessel thrombosis related to Coronavirus disease must be taken into consideration.
LSTM perfomance analysis for predictive models based on Covid-19 dataset	Cruz-Mendoza,  I,  Quevedo-Pulido, et al		Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	This  study uses a data set pertaining to the number of COVID-19 patients in Peru to model and predict future infected cases.  They  found that the best training approach is obtained with Colab, and the best testing approach is obtained with MATLAB.
COVID-19 coronavirus vaccine T cell epitope prediction analysis based on distributions of HLA class I loci (HLA-A, -B, -C) across global populations	Cun,  Y,  Li, et al	Hum Vaccin Immunother	Vaccine Research| Recherche sur les vaccins	In this study, based on the SARS-CoV-2 sequence and distribution of host human leukocyte antigen (HLA), authors predicted the possible epitopes for the vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 infections. Results propose single or combined CTL epitopes predicted in the current study as candidates for vaccines to effectively control SARS-CoV-2 infection and development.
Potent neutralizing equine antibodies raised against recombinant SARS-CoV-2 spike protein for COVID-19 passive immunization therapy	Cunha,  LuisEduardoR,  Stolet, et al	bioRxiv	Immunology | Immunologie Animal model | Modèle animal	We used the trimeric spike (S) glycoprotein (residues 1-1208) in the prefusion conformation to immunize horses for production of hyperimmune globulins against SARS-CoV-2. Serum antibody titers measured by anti-spike ELISA were above 1:1,000,000, and neutralizing antibody titer was 1:14,604 (average PRNT90), which is 140-fold higher than the average neutralizing titer of plasma from three convalescent COVID-19 patients analyzed for comparison. Using the same technology routinely used for industrial production of other horse hyperimmune products, plasma from immunized animals was pepsin digested to remove the Fc portion and purified, yielding a F(ab')2 preparation with PRNT90 titers 150-fold higher than the neutralizing titers in human convalescent plasma. Repeating the hyperimmunization in a second group of horses confirmed the very high neutralizing titers in serum and in a GMP clinical F(ab')2 lot. Virus-neutralizing activity in samples from mice that received the F(ab')2 preparation was detected even three days after injection, indicating an appropriate half-life for therapeutic intervention. These results supported the design of a clinical trial (identifier NCT04573855) to evaluate safety and efficacy of this horse F(ab')2 preparation.Competing Interest StatementThe authors have declared no competing interest.
Low-dose ruxolitinib plus steroid in severe SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia	D'Alessio,  A,  Del Poggio, et al	Leukemia	Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	In this letter to the editor authors discuss JAK-STAT inhibitors as a means to block the common pathway of cytokine activation, which may reduce the over-exuberant inflammatory reaction and decrease mortality of COVID-19.  They found a significant reduction in mortality and no significant adverse event in treated patients compared to controls.
Epitope-Based Potential Vaccine Candidate for Humoral and Cell-Mediated Immunity to Combat Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Pandemic	Das,  BK,  Chakraborty, et al	J Phys Chem Lett	Vaccine Research| Recherche sur les vaccins	Authors employ immunoinformatic tools to identify B-cell, T-cell epitopes associated with the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2, which is important for genome release.  The molecular-level interaction obtained from this study may provide deeper insight into the process of vaccine development against the pandemic of COVID-19.
A Compartmental Model that Predicts the Effect of Social Distancing and Vaccination on Controlling COVID-19	Dashtbali,  Mohammadali,  Mirzaie, et al	Research Square prepub	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Public health interventions*| Interventions de sant&amp;eacute; publique	This study introduces two compartmental models to derive the epidemic curve and analyze the individual’s behavior in spreading and controlling the COVID-19 epidemic. The first model includes Susceptible, Exposed, Infectious, Hospitalized, Recovered and Death compartments and in the second model added a new compartment namely, semi-susceptible individuals that are assumed to be more immune than the susceptible. A comparison of the two models shows that the second model provides a better fit to the daily infected cases from Egypt, Belgium, Japan, Nigeria, Italy, and Germany released by WHO. Then added a vaccinated term to the model to predict how vaccination could control the epidemic.
Dutch Oncology COVID-19 consortium: Outcome of COVID-19 in patients with cancer in a nationwide cohort study	de Joode,  K,  Dumoulin, et al	European journal of cancer	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	To identify risk factors associated with a worse outcome of COVID-19, a nationwide registry was developed for patients with cancer and COVID-19. The findings in this registry indicate that patients with a haematological malignancy or lung cancer have an increased risk of a worse outcome of COVID-19. During the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, these vulnerable patients should avoid exposure to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, whereas treatment adjustments and prioritising vaccination, when available, should also be considered.
Interactive Molecular Dynamics in Virtual Reality Is an Effective Tool for Flexible Substrate and Inhibitor Docking to the SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease	Deeks,  HM,  Walters, et al	J Chem Inf Model	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	Authors show that interactive molecular dynamics in virtual reality (iMD-VR) is a useful and effective tool for creating Mpro complexes. They find that it is important for the user to focus on forming binding interactions, such as hydrogen bonds, and not to rely on using simple metrics (such as RMSD), in order to create realistic, stable complexes.
Physical exercise and economic burden associated with anxiety symptoms in pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic	Deng,  Jie,  Hu, et al	Research Square prepub	Mental Health | santé mentale	The aim of this study was to assess the incidence of anxiety symptoms in pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic and its influencing factors. A total of 1,517 pregnant women entered the analysis. Three in ten pregnant women experienced anxiety symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic, and anxiety symptoms showed association with bank loans and physical exercise. To prevent anxiety of pregnant women, the promotion of healthy lifestyles, improvement of mental health services, and expansion of social support should be implemented during epidemics. In parallel, the integration of psycho-educational interventions with mental health services among public health centers is required to minimize anxiety symptoms in pregnancy women.
Clinical characteristics and respiratory support of 310 COVID-19 patients, diagnosed at the emergency room: a single-center retrospective study	Di Domenico,  SL,  Coen, et al	Intern Emerg Med	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Authors  analyzed data from a retrospective, single-center case series of 310 consecutive patients, with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, admitted to the emergency room. The study documents the poor prognosis of patients with severe respiratory failure, although a considerable minority of patients treated with  CPAP (Continuous Positive Airway Pressure) or NIV (Non Invasive Ventilation) had a positive outcome.
The clinical value of minimal invasive autopsy in COVID-19 patients	D'Onofrio,  V,  Donders, et al	PLoS One	Clinical data| Données cliniques	The objective was to assess if and how minimally invasive autopsy (MIA) changed clinical cause of death (COD) and contributing diagnoses in deceased COVID-19 patients. MIA, especially histological examination, can add valuable new clinical information regarding the cause of death in COVID-19 patients, even in a high-resource setting with wide access to premortem diagnostic modalities.
Persistent hiccups in a patient with mild congenital factor V deficiency and COVID-19; clinical and laboratory finding of a rare bleeding disorder	Dorgalaleh,  A,  Dabbagh, et al	Int J Lab Hematol	Clinical data| Données cliniques	IN this letter to the editor authors reported the first case with congenital factor V (FV) deficiency and COVID‐19, presenting with persistent hiccups. Although it seems that SARS‐CoV‐2 infection does not increase bleeding tendency in patients with CBDs,3 related signs and symptoms that impose some physical pressure on the body could increase bleeding events, potentially severe.
Network-based Virus-Host Interaction Prediction with Application to SARS-CoV-2	Du,  Hangyu,  Chen, et al	bioRxiv	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	There is a massive amount of under-utilized data and knowledge about RNA viruses highly relevant to SARS-CoV-2 and their hosts' proteins. More in-depth and more comprehensive analyses of that knowledge and data can shed new insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying the COVID-19 pandemic and reveal potential risks. In this work, we constructed a multi-layer virus-host interaction network to incorporate these data and knowledge. A machine learning-based method, termed Infection Mechanism and Spectrum Prediction (IMSP), was developed to predict virus-host interactions at both protein and organism levels. Our approach revealed five potential infection targets of SARS-CoV-2, which deserved public health attention, and eight highly possible interactions between SARS-CoV-2 proteins and human proteins. Given a new virus, IMSP can utilize existing knowledge and data about other highly relevant viruses to predict multi-scale interactions between the new virus and potential hosts.
Comparative Cost-Effectiveness of SARS-CoV-2 Testing Strategies	DU,  Zhanwei,  Pandey, et al	SSRN- Lancet prepublication	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Public health interventions*| Interventions de sant&amp;eacute; publique	We evaluate the economic tradeoffs of expanding and accelerating SARS-CoV-2 testing using a multi-scale model that incorporates SARS-CoV-2 transmission at the population level and daily viral load dynamics at the individual level. Assuming a willingness-to-pay of $100,000 per year of life lost (YLL) and a price of $5 per test, the strategy most likely to be cost-effective under a rapid transmission scenario (Re > 2) is daily testing followed by a one-week rather than two-week isolation period subsequent to test confirmation. Under lower transmission scenarios, weekly testing of the population is expected to be more cost effective. Expanded surveillance testing is expected to be cost effective if the price per test is less than $400 across all transmission rates considered.
Dysregulation of endocytic machinery and ACE2 in small airways of smokers and COPD patients can augment their susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) infections	Eapen,  MS,  Lu, et al	Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol	Clinical data| Données cliniques	The objective of the study was to identify the presence of SARS-CoV-2 host attachment receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) along with endocytic vacuoles, early endosome antigen-1 (EEA1), late endosome marker RAB7, cathepsin-L and lysosome-associated membrane protein-1 (LAMP-1) as lysosome markers, in the airways of smokers and COPD patients. The active presence of ACE2 protein along with endocytic vacuoles such as early/late endosomes and lysosomes in the small airways of smokers and COPD patients provides evidence that these patient groups could be more susceptible to COVID-19.
LDH-to-leukocyte ratio predicts COVID-19 diagnosis and CRP-to-lymphocyte ratio predicts prognosis of patients with COVID-19	Eckel,  Florian,  Eckel, et al	Research Square prepub	Clinical data| Données cliniques	All patients admitted to our hospital were analyzed for routine blood parameters and SARS-CoV-2 screening results on admission. A total of 115 patients were included in the study. Our study showed, that on admission the LDH/WBC ratio is a diagnostic predictor of COVID-19 in symptomatic patients. In patients with COVID-19 the CRP/ALC ratio predicts severe course and probability of survival. Both are simple and good tools and may be helpful during pandemic when resources are limited.
PMC7641528; COVID-19 and stroke, a case series and review of literature	Elkhider,  H,  Ibrahim, et al	Brain Behav Immun Health	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Authors analyzed patient characteristics, clinical outcomes, laboratory results and imaging results of four patients with COVID-19 who had acute ischemic strokes (AIS). Ischemic strokes are known complications in patients with severe COVID-19.
A pilot study on the preventative potential of alpha-cyclodextrin and hydroxytyrosol against SARS-CoV-2 transmission	Ergoren,  MC,  Paolacci, et al	Acta Biomed	Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	In this study, authors experimented a food supplement containing alpha-cyclodextrin and hydroxytyrosol for the improvement of the defenses against the SARS-CoV-2.  They reported on the results of the possible role of alpha-cyclodextrin and hydroxytyrosol in improving defenses against SARS-CoV-2.
How Alcoholic Disinfectants Affect Coronavirus Model Membranes: Membrane Fluidity, Permeability, and Disintegration	Eslami,  H,  Das, et al	J Phys Chem B	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI)	Atomistic molecular dynamics simulations were carried out with a view to investigating the stability of the SARS-CoV-2 exterior membrane with respect to two common disinfectants, namely, aqueous solutions of ethanol and n-propanol. At alcohol concentrations in the disinfectant solution above 15 mol %, we reliably observe disintegration of the dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) membrane in its liquid crystalline phase.
Racial and Workplace Disparities in Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA	Feehan,  AK,  Velasco, et al	Emerg Infect Dis	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Immunology | Immunologie	By using paired molecular and antibody testing for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection, we determined point prevalence and seroprevalence in Louisiana, USA, during the second phase of reopening. Infections were highly variable by race and ethnicity, work environment, and ZIP code. Census-weighted seroprevalence was 3.6%, and point prevalence was 3.0%.
COVID-19 ocular findings in paediatric population	Fernandez Alcalde,  Celia,  Granados Fernandez, et al	Research Square prepub	Clinical data| Données cliniques	This study aimed to investigate and describe ocular findings in COVID-19 paediatric patients. SARS-CoV-2 infection could produce ocular pathology in children, frequently presented weeks after the acute phase of the disease. We should take into account COVID-19 when performing differential diagnosis of children presenting with conjunctivitis, episcleritis, retinal vasculitis and/or optic neuritis, meanwhile this world-wide pandemic lasts.
A fair efficacy formula for assessing the effectiveness of contact tracing applications	Fowler,  Adam	medRxiv	Public health interventions*| Interventions de sant&amp;eacute; publique	This paper provides a fair efficacy formula that can be applied to any mobile contact tracing app, using any technology, allowing it’s likely epidemiological effectiveness to be assessed. This paper defines such a formula and provides results for several simulated protocols as well as one real life protocol tested according to the standard methodology set out in this paper. The results presented show that protocols that use time windows greater than 30 seconds or that bucket their distance analogue (E.g. RSSI for Bluetooth) provide poor estimates of risk, showing an efficacy rating of less than 6%. The fair efficacy formula is shown in this paper to be able to be used to calculate the ‘Efficacy of contact tracing’ variable value as used in two papers on using mobile applications for contact tracing [6]. The output from the formulae in this paper, therefore, can be used to directly assess the impact of technology on the spread of a disease outbreak.
Together Apart: The Mitigating Role of Digital Communication Technologies on Negative Affect During the COVID-19 Outbreak in Italy	Gabbiadini,  A,  Baldissarri, et al	Frontiers in Psychology	Mental Health | santé mentale	In the present study, we investigated whether the amount of digital communication technology use for virtual meetings during the lockdown promoted the perception of social support, which in itself mitigated the psychological effects of the lockdown in Italy. The results indicated that the amount of digital technology use reduced feelings of loneliness, anger/irritability, and boredom and increased belongingness via the perception of social support. The present study supported the positive role of digital technologies in maintaining meaningful social relationships even during an extreme situation such as a lockdown.
Covid-19 in the Oldest-old Population (80 and Older): Clinical Presentation and Prognostic Factors of Severe Disease and Mortality. A Cohort Study	Gálvez-Barrón,  César,  Arroyo-Huidobro, et al	Research Square prepub	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	This trial evaluated the clinical presentation and prognostic factors of severe disease and mortality in the oldest-old population. A total of 103 patients (59.2% female) were included. The most frequent symptoms were fever (68.9%), dyspnoea (60.2%), and cough (39.8%), and 11.7% presented confusion. Fifty-nine patients (57.3%) presented severe disease, and 59 died, with 43 patients (41.7%) presenting both of these. In the multivariate analysis, male sex (OR 0.31, 95% CI: 0.13-0.73, p 0.0074) and serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (OR 2.55, 95% CI 1.21-5.37, p 0.0139) were associated with severe disease, and serum sodium was associated with mortality (OR 3.12, 95% CI 1.18-8.26, p 0.0222). No chronic disease or pharmacological treatment were associated with worse outcomes.
Renal transplantation during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in the UK: experience from a large volume centre	Georgiades,  F,  Summers, et al	Clin Transplant	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	We describe organ donation and transplant practice in the UK and assess whether kidney transplantation conferred a substantial risk of harm. Data from the UK transplant registry were used to describe kidney donation and transplant activity in the UK, and a detailed analysis of short-term, single-centre, patient results in two periods: during the pre-pandemic era from 30th December 2019 to 8th March 2020 ("Pre-COVID era") and the 9(th) March 2020 to 19th May 2020 ("COVID era"). Overall outcomes, including re-operation, delayed graft function, primary non function, acute rejection, length of stay and graft survival were similar between COVID and pre-COVID era. 6/71 patients became infected with SARS-CoV-2 but all were discharged without critical care requirement. Transplant outcomes have remained similar within the COVID period and no serious sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection were observed in the peri-transplant period.
Impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on the Italian congenital cardiac surgery system: a national survey	Giamberti,  A,  Varrica, et al	Eur J Cardiothorac Surg	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	We analysed data from 14 Italian congenital cardiac surgery centres during lockdown, focusing on the impact of the pandemic on surgical activity, patients and healthcare providers and resource allocation. Our study shows that the pandemic had a different impact on the various Italian congenital cardiac surgery centres based on the different patterns of spread of the virus across the country. During the lockdown, the system was able to satisfy all emergency clinical needs with excellent results.
Characteristics of COVID-19 at a non-COVID tertiary pulmonary care centre in Delhi, India	Goel,  N,  Spalgais, et al	Monaldi Arch Chest Dis	Clinical data| Données cliniques	This study focuses on the demographic, clinical and laboratory profile of such patients from a tertiary level non-COVID respiratory care hospital in Delhi, India. It can be concluded that COVID-19 in patients of chronic respiratory diseases manifests with higher prevalence of symptoms and also higher severity of disease.
Asymptomatic Employee Screening for SARS-CoV-2: Implementation of and Reactions to an Employer-Based Testing Program	Goetz,  Laura,  DeLaughder, et al	medRxiv	Public health interventions*| Interventions de sant&amp;eacute; publique Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	Methods To identify asymptomatic carriers of SARS-CoV-2, we implemented a longitudinal screening program for critical on-site employees within our research institute in early April 2020. We conducted a survey of both on-site employees and those working from home in order to measure their reactions to the testing program.  Results Despite an ongoing high community prevalence rate of COVID-19, to date only two asymptomatic employees tested positive out of 1050 tests run during 7 months of the program. However, 12 symptomatic employees not participating in the program have tested positive.  The employee survey was completed by 132/306 (43%) employees, with 93% agreeing that asymptomatic employee screening led to a better and safer working environment and 75% agreeing with on-site public health measures to help contain the virus, but only 58% feeling COVID-19 was a serious threat to their health.
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus triggered by SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Systematic Review Based on a Case Report	Gracia-Ramos,  Abraham	Research Square prepub	Clinical data| Données cliniques	We herein report a case of a 45-year-old man who presented respiratory symptoms, bilateral pleural effusion, ascites, splenomegaly, severe thrombocytopenia and renal failure with proteinuria and hematuria. SARS-CoV-2 PCR confirmed the COVID-19 diagnosis.
The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Urological Emergencies: A Multicenter Experience on over 3,000 Patients	Grasso,  AAC,  Massa, et al	Urol Int	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	Our objective was to share with the scientific community how, during the COVID-19 period, there has been a huge modification in urological emergencies throughout all hospitals included in the Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC). We retrospectively reviewed urgent urological consultations requested by the emergency department (ED) of the 4 public hospitals located in Tessin belonging to EOC in the 3-month period between February 15 and May 15, 2020, and compared them to the 2 previous years cases within the same time frame (February 15 to May 15, 2018 and 2019). The final sample resulted in 594 consultations performed in 2020, 974 in 2018, and 974 in 2019. A higher number of daily consultations were performed during 2018 and 2019. The number of daily admissions dropped consistently during the COVID-19 pandemic (737 vs. 392). Our multicenter study aimed to quantify changes in urgent urological care in Tessin in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic. Urgent urology practice was dramatically affected with a remarkable reduction in urgent urological consultations, whereas a higher risk of admissions was observed in 2020, due to the severity of the patients.
Symptoms suggestive of COVID-19 in households with and without children: a descriptive survey	Grove,  Grace,  Ziauddeen, et al	medRxiv	Clinical data| Données cliniques	This study aimed to characterise the nature and duration of symptoms suggestive of COVID-19 in UK households, and examine whether the symptoms varied between households with and without children and between adults and children from March to May 2020 in the UK.  Of all children, 35.7% experienced symptoms, with almost a quarter experiencing fluctuating symptoms for more than 2 weeks compared to almost half of symptomatic adults. In general, children had a shorter (median 5 days) and milder illness course than adults (median 10 days). Fatigue was the most common symptom in adults (79.7%) and cough was the most common symptom in children (53.5%). Chest tightness, shortness of breath, fatigue, muscle ache and diarrhoea were more common in adults than children, while cough and fever were equally common.
Psychological Impact of COVID-19 Duties During Lockdown on Police Personnel and Their Perception About the Behavior of the People: an Exploratory Study from India	Grover,  S,  Sahoo, et al	International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction	Mental Health | santé mentale	This study evaluated the psychosocial issues among the police personnel during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results suggests that a substantial proportion of the police personnel on COVID-19 duty during the lockdown period have significant anxiety, depressive symptoms, and perceive significant stress.
High serum IL-6 values increase the risk of mortality and the severity of pneumonia in patients diagnosed with COVID-19	Guirao,  JJ,  Cabrera, et al	Molecular immunology	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Immunology | Immunologie	We analyzed the serum levels of IL-6 in a cohort of 50 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 pneumonia with different degrees of disease severity, and its relationship with the severity of the disease, the need for mechanical ventilation and with patient mortality. IL-6 serum levels appear to be a useful prognostic biomarker in patients with a diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia. A cut-off point of 35 pg/mL could clearly differentiate patients a with more severe disease.
Susceptibility of well-differentiated airway epithelial cell cultures from domestic and wildlife animals to SARS-CoV-2	Gultom,  Mitra,  Licheri, et al	bioRxiv	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie zoonoses	In this study, we inoculated well-differentiated animal AEC cultures of monkey, cat, ferret, dog, rabbit, pig, cattle, goat, llama, camel, and two neotropical bat species with SARS-CoV-2. We observed that SARS-CoV-2 only replicated efficiently in monkey and cat AEC culture models. Whole-genome sequencing of progeny virus revealed no obvious signs of nucleotide transitions required for SARS-CoV-2 to productively infect monkey and cat epithelial airway cells. Our findings, together with the previously reported human-to-animal spillover events warrants close surveillance to understand the potential role of cats, monkeys, and closely related species as spillback reservoirs for SARS-CoV-2.
COVID-19 and myositis - unique challenges for patients	Gupta,  L,  Lilleker, et al	Rheumatology (Oxford)	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	The aim of this study was to assess the problems faced by patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM). An anonymized eSurvey was carried out with a focus on effects on disease control, continuity of medical care, drug procurance and prevalent fears in the patient population. Patients reported health-related problems attributable to the COVID-19 pandemic (n = 195, 32.1%); specifically 102 (52.3%) required increase in medicines, and 35 (18%) required hospitalization for disease-related complications. Almost one in four patients faced hurdles in procuring medicines. Physiotherapy, critical in the management of IIM, was disrupted in 214 (35.2%). One quarter (159, 26.1%) experienced difficulty in contacting their specialist, and 30 (4.9%) were unable to do so.
Evaluation of the clinical profile, laboratory parameters and outcome of two hundred COVID-19 patients from a tertiary centre in India	Gupta,  N,  Ish, et al	Monaldi Arch Chest Dis	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	This study was a prospective observational analysis of 200 diagnosed COVID-19 patients admitted to a tertiary care center from 20th march to 8th May 2020. A majority of the patients (147, 73.5 %) were symptomatic, with fever being the most common symptom (109, 54.5%), followed by cough (91, 45.5%). An older age, presence of symptoms and their duration, leukocytosis, a high quick SOFA score, a high modified SOFA score, need for ventilator support, an AST level more than 3 times the upper limit of normal (ULN), and a serum creatinine level of 2 mg/dl or greater were at a significantly higher risk of ICU admission and mortality. Triage and severity assessment helps in deciding the requirement for a hospital stay and ICU admission for COVID-19 which can easily be done using clinical and laboratory parameters.
In silico comparative study of SARS-CoV-2 proteins and antigenic proteins in BCG, OPV, MMR and other vaccines: evidence of possible putative protective effect	Haddad-Boubaker,  Sondes	Research Square prepub	Vaccine Research| Recherche sur les vaccins	In this paper, we attempt to investigate the putative implication of 12 vaccines, including BCG, OPV and MMR in the protection against COVID-19. A total of 14 highly similar segments were identified in investigated vaccines. After mapping on S and N proteins and analysis of the antigenicity prediction, three segments, in Hepatitis B, Tetanus and Measles proteins showed structural and antigenic properties that can induce possible putative protective effect.
PMC7641596; Control of COVID-19 system using a novel nonlinear robust control algorithm	Hadi,  MA,  Ali, et al	Biomed Signal Process Control	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de sant&amp;eacute; publique	In this paper, a new mathematical-engineering strategy is introduced in order to control the COVID-19 epidemic. A new robust control algorithm is introduced to compensate the COVID-19 nonlinear system by propose a proper controller after using necessary assumptions and analysis are made. In addition, the Variable Transformation Technique (VTT) is used to simplify the COVID-19 system. Furthermore, the Most Valuable Player Algorithm (MVPA) is applied in order to optimize the parameters of the proposed controller. The simulation results are based on the daily reports of two cities Hubei (China) and Lazio (Italy) since the outbreak. It can be concluded that the proposed control algorithm can effectively compensate the COVID-19 system. In addition, it can be considered as an effective mathematical-engineering strategy to control this epidemic alongside with the other strategies.
Access and Use Experience of Personal Protective Equipment Among Frontline Healthcare Workers in Pakistan During the COVID-19 Emergency: A Cross-Sectional Study	Hakim,  M,  Khattak, et al	Health Secur	Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI) Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This study assesses access to personal protective equipment (PPE), availability of adequate information about PPE use, self-reported ability to correctly wear and remove (donning and doffing) PPE, and risk perceptions associated with COVID-19 among frontline healthcare workers in Pakistan. Using a structured and validated questionnaire, an online survey was conducted from May 9 to June 5, 2020. Responses were received from 453 healthcare workers. Only 129 (28.48%) healthcare workers reported having adequate access to PPE at all times, whereas 156 (34.44%) never had access to PPE and 168 (37.09%) had access to PPE occasionally. Lack of access to PPE led the majority (71.74%) of healthcare workers to use coping strategies such as reuse of N95 and surgical masks. A total of 312 (68.87%) respondents believed that the risk of contracting COVID-19 in the work environment was high and the majority (62.69%) adopted precautionary measures at home to keep their families safe. These findings suggest that healthcare workers in Pakistan had limited access to PPE.
Genomic epidemiology of COVID-19 in care homes in the East of England	Hamilton,  WilliamL,  Tonkin-Hill, et al	medRxiv	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	COVID-19 poses a major challenge to care homes, as SARS-CoV-2 is readily transmitted and causes disproportionately severe disease in older people. Here, we report on 6,600 COVID-19 cases from the East of England, 1,167 of which were identified as residents from 337 care homes. Older age and being a care home resident were associated with increased mortality. SARS-CoV-2 genomes were available for 700 residents from 292 care homes. By integrating genomic and temporal data we defined 409 viral clusters within the 292 homes, indicating two different patterns - outbreaks among care home residents and independent introductions with limited onward transmission. Approximately 70% of residents in the genomic analysis were admitted to hospital during the study period, providing extensive opportunities for transmission between care homes and hospitals. Limiting viral transmission between care home residents should be a key target for infection control to reduce COVID-19 mortality in this population.Competing Interest StatementThe authors have declared no competing interest.Funding StatementThis work was funded by COG-UK (supported by the Medical Research Council (MRC) part of UK Research & Innovation (UKRI), the National Institute of Health Research (NIHR) and Genome Research Limited, operating as the Wellcome Sanger Institute); the Wellcome Trust; the Academy of Medical Sciences; the Health Foundation; and the Cambridge NIHR Biomedical Research Centre. Author DeclarationsI confirm all relevant ethical guidelines have been followed, and any necessary IRB and/or ethics committee approvals have been obtained.YesThe details of the IRB/oversight body that provided approval or exemption for the research described are given below:This study was conducted as part of surveillance for COVID-19 infections under the auspices of Section 251 of the NHS Act 2006. It therefore did not require individual patient consent or ethical approval. The COG-UK study protocol was approved by the Public Health England Research Ethics Governance Group (reference: R&D NR0195). All necessary patient/participant consent has been obtained and the appropriate institutional forms have been archived.YesI understand that all clinical trials and any other prospective interventional studies must be registered with an ICMJE-approved registry, such as ClinicalTrials.gov. I confirm that any such study reported in the manuscript has been registered and the trial registration ID is provided (note: if posting a prospective study registered retrospectively, please provide a statement in the trial ID field explaining why the study was not registered in advance).Yes I have followed all appropriate research reporting guidelines and uploaded the relevant EQUATOR Network research reporting checklist(s) and other pertinent material as supplementary files, if applicable.YesThe genome sequence data and limited metadata are available through the COVID-19 Genomics Consortium UK (COG-UK) and GISAID websites.https://www.cogconsortium.uk/data/https://www.gisaid.org/
Prothrombotic disturbances of hemostasis of patients with severe COVID-19: A prospective longitudinal observational study	Hardy,  M,  Michaux, et al	Thrombosis research	Clinical data| Données cliniques	The aim of this prospective study was to describe the longitudinal changes in hemostasis parameters assessed daily in 21 COVID-19 patients during their ICU stay. Our main findings were that (i) daily standard measurements consistent with a prothrombotic state persisted over the first days and improved thereafter, but did not normalize in all patients; (ii) increased thrombin potential (hypercoagulability) and decreased fibrinolysis were frequent and (iii) a high inter-patient variability was observed. This is the first study reporting the daily changes of relevant parameters of hemostasis of severe COVID-19 patients, including functional integrative tests for thrombin generation and fibrinolysis.
Challenges of Deep Learning Methods for COVID-19 Detection Using Public Datasets	Hasan,  Md Kamrul,  Alam, et al	medRxiv	Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	We designed different experimental setups within the available public data constraints and highlight the challenges and limitations of developing deep learning models with such datasets. We propose a deep learning architecture for COVID-19 classification that combines two very popular classification networks, ResNet and Xception, and use it to carry out the experiments to investigate challenges and limitations. The results show that the deep learning models can overestimate their performance due to biases in the experimental design and overfitting to the training dataset. We compare the proposed architecture to state-of-the-art methods utilizing an independent test set for evaluation, where some of the identified bias and overfitting issues are reduced. Although our proposed deep learning architecture gives the best performance with our best possible setup, we highlight the challenges in comparing and interpreting various deep learning algorithms’ results.
Assessing the need for transfer to the intensive care unit for Coronavirus-19 disease: Epidemiology and risk factors	Hashmi,  MD,  Alnababteh, et al	Respiratory medicine	Clinical data| Données cliniques Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	We examined all Covid-19 patients sent initially to a ward who subsequently required care in the ICU. We examined the timing transfer and attempted to develop a risk score based on baseline variables to predict progressive disease. Neither baseline clinical factors nor the CURB-65 score perform well as screening tests to categorize these subjects as likely to progress to ICU care.
Copper-Impregnated Three-Dimensional Mask Efficiently Inactivates SARS-CoV-2	Hewawaduge,  Chamith,  Jawalagatti, et al	SSRN- Lancet prepublication	Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI)	Here we fabricated a multilayer face mask impregnated with a copper substance and demonstrated significant time- and dose-dependent virucidal activity upon contact exposure to mask fabric. This study investigated the effectiveness of copper-impregnated mask material for efficient inactivation of highly contagious SARS-CoV-2 using in vitro models, and found it to be a potential strategy for mitigating the social burden caused by the current pandemic. A copper-impregnated three-layer mask efficiently inactivated SARS-CoV-2 upon sustained contact, and can be used as a means to prevent accidental infections due to handling of contaminated masks.
Variations in CT Utilization, Protocols, and Radiation Doses in COVID-19 Pneumonia: Results from 28 Countries in the IAEA Study	Homayounieh,  F,  Holmberg, et al	Radiology	Clinical data| Données cliniques Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	To assess international variations in CT utilization, protocols, and radiation doses in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. In this retrospective data collection study, the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) coordinated a survey between May and July 2020 regarding CT utilization, protocols, and radiation doses from 62 healthcare sites in 34 countries across five continents for CT exams performed in COVID-19 pneumonia. Data from 782 patients (median age (interquartile range) of 59(15) years) from 54 healthcare sites in 28 countries were evaluated. Less than one-half of the healthcare sites used CT for initial diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia and three-fourth used CT for assessing disease severity. CTDI(vol) varied based on CT vendors (7-11mGy, p<0.001), number of detector-rows (8-9mGy, p<0.001), year of CT installation (7-10mGy, p=0.006), and reconstruction techniques (7-10mGy, p=0.03). Multiphase chest CT exams performed in 20% of sites (11 of 54) were associated with higher DLP compared with single-phase chest CT exams performed in 80% (43 of 54 sites) (p=0.008). CT use, scan protocols, and radiation doses in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia showed wide variation across healthcare sites within the same and different countries.
Balancing quarantine and self-distancing measures in adaptive epidemic networks	Horstmeyer,  Leonhard,  Kuehn, et al	medRxiv	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Public health interventions*| Interventions de sant&amp;eacute; publique	We study the relative importance of two key control measures for epidemic spreading: endogenous social self-distancing and exogenous imposed quarantine. We use the framework of adaptive networks, moment-closure, and ordinary differential equations (ODEs) to introduce several novel models based upon susceptible-infected-recovered (SIR) dynamics.
Comparison of clinical characteristics of patients with pandemic SARS-CoV-2-related and community-acquired pneumonias in Hungary - a pilot historical case-control study	Horváth,  VJ,  Hajdú, et al	Geroscience	Clinical data| Données cliniques	This study aimed to predict the risk of SARS-CoV-2-related pneumonia based on clinical characteristics at hospital presentation. Case-control study of all patients admitted for pneumonia at Semmelweis University Emergency Department. Cases (n = 30) were patients diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2-related pneumonia (based on polymerase chain reaction test) between 26 March 2020 and 30 April 2020; controls (n = 82) were historical pneumonia cases between 1 January 2019 and 30 April 2019. Patients with SARS-CoV-2-related pneumonia were younger (mean difference, 95% CI: 9.3, 3.2-15.5 years) and had a higher lymphocyte count, lower C-reactive protein, presented more frequently with bilateral infiltrate, less frequently with abdominal pain, diarrhea, and nausea in age- and sex-adjusted models. The clinical use of our screening prediction model could improve the discrimination of SARS-CoV-2 related from other community-acquired pneumonias and thus help patient triage based on commonly used diagnostic approaches.
Twitter reveals human mobility dynamics during the COVID-19 pandemic	Huang,  X,  Li, et al	PLoS One	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	In this study, we analyzed over 580 million tweets worldwide to see how global collaborative efforts in reducing human mobility are reflected from the user-generated information at the global, country, and U.S. state scale. The results suggest that mobility patterns obtained from Twitter data are amenable to quantitatively reflect the mobility dynamics. Globally, the proposed two distances had greatly deviated from their baselines after March 11, 2020, when WHO declared COVID-19 as a pandemic. The considerably less periodicity after the declaration suggests that the protection measures have obviously affected people's travel routines. We find that the triggers of mobility changes correspond well with the national announcements of mitigation measures, proving that Twitter-based mobility implies the effectiveness of those measures. In the U.S., the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on mobility is distinct. However, the impacts vary substantially among states.
Identifying the Zoonotic Origin of SARS-CoV-2 by Modeling the Binding Affinity between the Spike Receptor-Binding Domain and Host ACE2	Huang,  X,  Zhang, et al	J Proteome Res	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie zoonoses	Given that binding to ACE2 proteins is the first step for the coronaviruses to invade host cells, we propose a computational pipeline to identify potential intermediate hosts of SARS-CoV-2 by modeling the binding affinity between the Spike receptor-binding domain (RBD) and host ACE2. Using this pipeline, we systematically examined 285 ACE2 variants from mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, and amphibians, and found that the binding energies calculated for the modeled Spike-RBD/ACE2 complex structures correlated closely with the effectiveness of animal infection as determined by multiple experimental data sets. Built on the optimized binding affinity cutoff, we suggest a set of 96 mammals, including 48 experimentally investigated ones, which are permissive to SARS-CoV-2, with candidates from primates, rodents, and carnivores at the highest risk of infection. Overall, this work not only suggests a limited range of potential intermediate SARS-CoV-2 hosts for further experimental investigation, but also, more importantly, it proposes a new structure-based approach to general zoonotic origin and susceptibility analyses that are critical for human infectious disease control and wildlife protection.
Testing the accuracy of the arima models in forecasting the spreading of COVID-19 and the associated mortality rate	Ilie,  OD,  Ciobica, et al	Medicina (Lithuania)	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Transmission	Autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models have been created, aiming to predict the epidemiological course of COVID-19 in Romania by using two statistical software. To increase the accuracy, we collected data between the established interval (1 March, 31 August) from the official website of the Romanian Government and the World Health Organization.  This study demonstrates that ARIMA is a useful statistical model for making predictions and provides an idea of the epidemiological status of the country of interest.
Lung transcriptome of a COVID-19 patient and systems biology predictions suggest impaired surfactant production which may be druggable by surfactant therapy	Islam,  Abmmk,  Khan, et al	Sci Rep	Clinical data| Données cliniques	In this study, we analyzed the gene expression pattern of cells obtained from biopsies of COVID-19-affected patient and compared to the effects observed in typical SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV-infected cell-lines. Network analyses suggest that SARS-CoV-2 infection might lead to acute lung injury in COVID-19 by affecting surfactant proteins and their regulators SPD, SPC, and TTF1 through NSP5 and NSP12; thrombosis regulators PLAT, and EGR1 by ORF8 and NSP12; and mitochondrial NDUFA10, NDUFAF5, and SAMM50 through NSP12. Furthermore, hypoxia response through HIF-1 signaling might also be targeted by SARS-CoV-2 proteins. Drug enrichment analysis of dysregulated genes has allowed us to propose novel therapies, including lung surfactants, respiratory stimulants, sargramostim, and oseltamivir.
Characteristics, complications and outcomes among 1549 patients hospitalised with COVID-19 in a secondary hospital in Madrid, Spain: a retrospective case series study	Jiménez,  E,  Fontán-Vela, et al	BMJ Open	Clinical data| Données cliniques	The aim of this study is to describe demographic, clinical, radiological and laboratory characteristics, as well as outcomes, of patients admitted for COVID-19 in a secondary hospital. A retrospective case series was preformed of sequentially hospitalised patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2, at Infanta Leonor University Hospital (ILUH) in Madrid, Spain. A total of 1549 COVID-19 cases were included. 78.2% had at least one underlying comorbidity, the most frequent was hypertension (55.8%). Most frequent symptoms at presentation were fever (75.3%), cough (65.7%) and dyspnoea (58.1%). 81 (5.8%) patients were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). 1393 patients had an outcome at the end of the study period. The independent factors associated with fatality (OR; 95% CI): age (1.07; 1.06 to 1.09), male sex (2.86; 1.85 to 4.50), neurological disease (1.93; 1.19 to 3.13), chronic kidney disease (2.83; 1.40 to 5.71) and neoplasia (4.29; 2.40 to 7.67). This study provides clinical characteristics, complications and outcomes of patients with COVID-19 admitted to a European secondary hospital.
Odontogenic Infections: Disease Burden During COVID-19 at a Single Institution	Johnson,  RE, , et al	Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	The purpose of this study was to document the effect of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on patients presenting to the University of Washington Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (UW OMS) with an odontogenic infection. There was no significant difference in the incidence of OMS consults in the 2 cohorts (P >.05). The number of patients presenting to the UW emergency department (ED) for an odontogenic infection decreased from an average of 246 in non-COVID years to 151 in 2020. Patients in the experimental cohort were more likely (55 vs 30.0%; P =.04) to present primarily to UW than a dentist and were less likely to undergo an incision and drainage (70.0 vs 88.8%; P =.04), aerosol-generating procedure (70.0 vs 88.8%; P =.04), and incision and drainage in the ED (15.0 vs 41.3%; P =.03).
Predictors of mental health during the Covid-19 pandemic in the US: Role of economic concerns, health worries and social distancing	Kämpfen,  F,  Kohler, et al	PLoS One	Mental Health | santé mentale	We analyze online survey data from the nationally representative "Understanding America Study" (UAS) covering the period of March 10-31st 2020 (sample size: 6,585). Mental health is assessed by the validated PHQ-4 instrument for measuring symptoms of depression and anxiety. About 29% (CI:27.4-.30.4%) of the US adult population reported some depression/anxiety symptoms over the study period, with symptoms deteriorating over the month of March. Worsening mental health was most strongly associated with concerns about the economic consequences of the pandemic, while concerns about the potential implications of the virus for respondents' own health and social distancing also predicted increases in symptoms of depression and anxiety during the early stages of the pandemic in the US, albeit less strongly. Our findings point towards the possibility of a major mental health crisis unfolding simultaneously with the pandemic, with economic concerns being a key driving force of this crisis.
Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 patients with diarrhea in Daegu	Kang,  MK,  Kim, et al	Korean Journal of Internal Medicine	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	Diarrhea was present in 45.8% of patients and was a common symptom of COVID-19. Although patients with diarrhea showed less severe clinical features, diarrhea was not associated with disease severity or mortality.
An Outbreak of Covid-19 on an Aircraft Carrier	Kasper,  MR,  Geibe, et al	N Engl J Med	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Transmission Clinical data| Données cliniques	We obtained clinical and demographic data for all crew members, including results of testing by real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR). All crew members were followed up for a minimum of 10 weeks, regardless of test results or the absence of symptoms. Over the course of the outbreak, 1271 crew members (26.6% of the crew) tested positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection by rRT-PCR testing, and more than 1000 infections were identified within 5 weeks after the first laboratory-confirmed infection. An additional 60 crew members had suspected Covid-19. SARS-CoV-2 spread quickly among the crew of the U.S.S. Theodore Roosevelt. Transmission was facilitated by close-quarters conditions and by asymptomatic and presymptomatic infected crew members. Nearly half of those who tested positive for the virus never had symptoms.
Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein (MOG) Antibody Disease in a 11-year-old child with COVID 19 infection	Khan,  Archana,  Panwala, et al	Research Square prepub	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Optic Neuritis is the most common presentation of MOG Antibody Disease (MOG-AD). We share our experience with a 11-year-old boy who developed MOG associated Optic Neuritis temporally associated with SARS- CoV-2 infection. He responded well to intravenous methylprednisolone therapy followed by oral prednisolone. While various neurological and ophthalmological manifestations of COVID-19 have been described previously, there are few case reports of Optic neuritis associated with COVID-19. Our case further supports the evidence to suggest that SARS CoV-2 is another such virus that triggers MOG-AD.
Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG antibodies in District Srinagar, northern India - A cross-sectional study	Khan,  SMS,  Qurieshi, et al	PLoS One	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Immunology | Immunologie	We estimate the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG antibodies in District Srinagar. 906 persons >18 years of age selected from hospital visitors across District Srinagar participated in the study. ge- and gender-standardized seroprevalence was 3.6% (95% CI 2.9% to 4.3%). Age 30-69 years, a recent history of symptoms of an influenza-like-illness, and a history of being placed under quarantine were significantly related to higher odds of the presence of SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG antibodies. he seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG antibodies is low in the District.
The PentaFOLD 3.0 algorithm for the selection of stable elements of secondary structure to be included in vaccine peptides	Khrustalev,  VV	Protein Pept Lett	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Immunology | Immunologie	The aim of this study was to create a new version of the PentaFOLD algorithm and to test its performance experimentally in several proteins and peptides. The algorithm has been tested in the three peptides known to keep the secondary structure of the corresponding fragments of full-length proteins: the NY25 peptide from the Influenza H1N1 hemagglutinin, the SF23 peptide from the diphtheria toxin, the NQ21 peptide from the HIV1 gp120; as well as in the CC36 peptide from the human major prion protein. Affine chromatography for antibodies against peptides accompanied by circular dichroism and fluorescence spectroscopy were used to check the predictions of the algorithm. Immunological experiments showed that all abovementioned peptides are more or less immunogenic in rabbits. The fact that antibodies against the NY25, the SF23, and the NQ21 form stable complexes with corresponding full-length proteins has been confirmed by affine chromatography. The surface of SARS CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain interacting with hACE2 has been shown to be unstable according to the results of the PentaFOLD 3.0.
How does age affect personal and social reactions to COVID-19: Results from the national Understanding America Study	Kim,  JK,  Crimmins, et al	PLoS One	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	Using a nationally representative sample from the longitudinal data of the Understanding America Study (UAS), we examined differentials in behavioral responses to COVID-19 by age and how they changed over the first three months of the pandemic. At the beginning of the pandemic (March, 2020), older and younger people were similar in their likelihood of engaging in preventive personal behaviors when controlling for other influences. As the pandemic progressed, however, older people adopted mitigating personal behavioral changes more than younger people, such that about 1-2 months after the pandemic started, older people were more likely to comply with suggested behaviors and regulations including practicing better hygiene, quarantining, and social distancing. Being female, a member of a racial/ethnic minority group, higher socioeconomic status, having more COVID-19 cases in one's state of residence, a higher perceived risk for infection and dying, and a more left-leaning political orientation were related to adopting more pandemic mitigating behaviors.
Development and validation of a 30-day mortality index based on pre-existing medical administrative data from 13,323 COVID-19 patients: The Veterans Health Administration COVID-19 (VACO) Index	King,  JT,  J, et al	PLoS One	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	Using nationwide medical administrative data available prior to SARS-CoV-2 infection from the US Veterans Health Administration (VA), we developed the VA COVID-19 (VACO) 30-day mortality index and validated the index in two independent, prospective samples. We reviewed SARS-CoV-2 testing results within the VA between February 8 and August 18, 2020. The sample was split into a development cohort (test positive between March 2 and April 15, 2020), an early validation cohort (test positive between April 16 and May 18, 2020), and a late validation cohort (test positive between May 19 and July 19, 2020). 13,323 individuals tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. We observed 480/3,681 (13%) deaths in development, 253/2,151 (12%) deaths in the early validation cohort, and 403/7,491 (5%) deaths in the late validation cohort. The VACO Index discriminated mortality in development (AUC = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.77-0.81), and in early (AUC = 0.81 95% CI: 0.78-0.83) and late (AUC = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.78-0.86) validation. The VACO Index allows personalized estimates of 30-day mortality after COVID-19 infection.
Incidence of COVID-19 in patients with rheumatic disease: is prior health education more important than shielding advice during the pandemic?	Kipps,  S,  Paul, et al	Clin Rheumatol	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	This study examined the COVID-19 status of "shielded" patients using hospital laboratory records and compared to population level data. Shielded patients are those who have been Identified as vulnerable patients who should "shielded" in order to reduce the likelihood of contracting SARS-CoV2. Of 887 patients assessed, 248 (28%) scored ≥ 3 and were sent a standard shielding letter. The most common risk factor in the shielding letter group was age ≥ 70 years and/or presence of a listed co-morbidity (199 patients). The most common rheumatology conditions were rheumatoid arthritis (69.4%), polymyalgia rheumatica (8.5%) and giant cell arteritis (8.5%). Coronavirus incidence rates were similar in the shielding letter group (0.403%) and in the UK population (0.397%). While risk stratification and shielding could be effective, prior education regarding general infection risk and public health messages to enhance health protection behaviours during a pandemic may have equal or more important roles.
Healthcare disparities among anticoagulation therapies for severe COVID-19 patients in the multi-site VIRUS registry	Kirkup,  Christian,  Pawlowski, et al	medRxiv	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	Here, we analyze hospitalized and ICU patient outcomes from the Viral Infection and Respiratory illness Universal Study (VIRUS) registry. We find that severe COVID patients administered unfractionated heparin but not enoxaparin have a higher mortality-rate  compared to patients administered enoxaparin but not unfractionated heparin.  In these balanced cohorts, a number of complications occurred at an elevated rate for patients administered unfractionated heparin compared to those administered enoxaparin, including acute kidney injury, acute cardiac injury, septic shock, and anemia. Furthermore, a higher percentage of Black/African American COVID patients were noted to receive unfractionated heparin compared to White/Caucasian COVID patients.
Molecular Insights into Human Transmembrane Protease Serine-2 (TMPS2) Inhibitors against SARS-CoV2: Homology Modelling, Molecular Dynamics, and Docking Studies	Kishk,  SM,  Kishk, et al	Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	SARS-CoV2 infection depends on the host cell Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme-2 (ACE2) and Transmembrane Serine Protease-2 (TMPRSS2), where the virus uses ACE2 for entry and TMPRSS2 for S protein priming. The TMPRSS2 gene encodes a Transmembrane Protease Serine-2 protein (TMPS2) that belongs to the serine protease family. These in silico studies determined the tertiary structure of TMPS2 amino acid sequence and predicted how ligands bind to the model, which is important for drug development for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19.
Structured ICU resource management in a pandemic is associated with favorable outcome in critically ill COVID‑19 patients	Klein,  SJ,  Bellmann, et al	Wien Klin Wochenschr	Clinical data| Données cliniques Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	his cohort study included all COVID-19 patients admitted to an ICU with confirmed or strongly suspected COVID-19 in the State of Tyrol, Austria. Patients were recorded in the Tyrolean COVID-19 intensive care registry. Date of final follow-up was July 17, 2020. A total of 106 critically ill patients with COVID-19 were admitted to 1 of 13 ICUs in Tyrol from March 9 to July 17, 2020. Median age was 64 years and the majority of patients were male (76 patients, 71.7%). Invasive mechanical ventilation was required in 72 patients (67.9%) and 6 patients (5.6%) required extracorporeal membrane oxygenation treatment. Renal replacement therapy was necessary in 21 patients (19.8%). The ICU mortality was 21.7% (23 patients), hospital mortality was 22.6%. There was no significant difference in ICU mortality in patients receiving invasive mechanical ventilation and in those not receiving it (18.1% vs. 29.4%, p = 0.284).  Critically ill COVID-19 patients in Tyrol showed high severity of disease often requiring complex treatment with increased lengths of ICU and hospital stay.
Molecular Communication Theoretical Modeling and Analysis of SARS-CoV2 Transmission in Human Respiratory System	Koca,  Caglar,  Civas, et al	arXiv	Transmission Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	In this work, the researchers model and analyze the transmission of SARS-CoV2 through the human respiratory tract from a molecular communication perspective. Consider that virus diffusion occurs in the mucus layer so that the shape of the tract does not have a significant effect on the transmission. Hence, this model reduces the inherent complexity of the human respiratory system. Further provide the impulse response of SARS-CoV2-ACE2 receptor binding event to determine the proportion of the virus population reaching different regions of the respiratory tract. Findings confirm the results in the experimental literature on higher mucus flow rate causing virus migration to the lower respiratory tract.
In Vitro Efficacy of "Essential Iodine Drops" Against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)	Kontos,  Zoltan	bioRxiv	Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	The in vitro virucidal activity of intranasal Povidone-Iodine (PVP-I) has been demonstrated recently to reduce SARS-CoV-2 viral titres. This study evaluated the virucidal activity of the aqueous solution of Iodine-V (a clathrate complex formed by elemental iodine and fulvic acid) as in Essential Iodine Drops (EID) with 200 μg elemental iodine/ml content against SARS-CoV-2 to ascertain whether it is a better alternative to PVP-I. Substantial reductions in LRV by Iodine-V in EID confirmed the activity of EID against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro, demonstrating that Iodine-V in EID is effective at inactivating the virus in vitro and therefore suggesting its potential application intranasally to reduce SARS-CoV-2 transmission from known or suspected COVID-19 patients.
The interplay of movement and spatiotemporal variation in transmission degrades pandemic control	Kortessis,  N,  Simon, et al	Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de sant&amp;eacute; publique	Successful public health regimes for COVID-19 push below unity long-term regional R (t) -the average number of secondary cases caused by an infectious individual. We use a susceptible-infectious-recovered (SIR) model for two coupled populations to make the conceptual point that asynchronous, variable local control, together with movement between populations, elevates long-term regional R (t) , and cumulative cases, and may even prevent disease eradication that is otherwise possible. For effective pandemic mitigation strategies, it is critical that models encompass both spatiotemporal heterogeneity in transmission and movement.
Antiviral Effect of High-Dose Ivermectin in Adults with COVID-19: A Pilot Randomised, Controlled, Open Label, Multicentre Trial	Krolewiecki,  Alejandro,  Lifschitz, et al	SSRN- Lancet prepublication	Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique RCT	We completed a pilot, randomized, controlled, outcome-assessor blinded clinical trial with the goal of evaluating the antiviral activity of high dose IVM in COVID-19 patients. The trial run between May 18 and September 29, 2020 with 45 randomized patients (30 in the IVM group and 15 controls). There was no difference in viral load reduction between groups but a significant difference in reduction was found in patients with higher median plasma IVM levels (72% IQR 59 – 77) versus untreated controls (42% IQR 31 – 73) (p=0·004). The mean ivermectin plasma concentration levels also showed a positive correlation with viral decay rate (r:0·47, p=0·02). Adverse events were reported in 5 (33%) patients in the controls and 13 (43%) in the IVM treated group, without a relationship between IVM plasma levels and adverse events.
In-silico analysis of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) of livestock, pet and poultry animals to determine its susceptibility to SARS-CoV- 2 infection	Kumar,  A,  Panwar, et al	Comb Chem High Throughput Screen	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Animal model | Modèle animal	The present study has been conducted to determine the susceptibility of livestock, poultry and pets to SARSCoV-2. We evaluated the receptor-utilizing capability of ACE2s from various species by sequence alignment, phylogenetic clustering and protein-ligand interaction studies with the currently knownACE2s utilized by SARS-CoV-2. In-silico study predicted that SARS-CoV-2 tends to utilize ACE2s of various animal species with varied possible interactions and the probability of the receptor utilization will be greater in horse and poor in chicken followed by ruminants. Present study predicted that SARS-CoV-2 tends to utilize ACE2s of various livestock and poultry species with greater probability in equine and poor in chicken.
Targeting the SARS-CoV2 nucleocapsid protein for potential therapeutics using immuno-informatics and structure-based drug discovery techniques	Kwarteng,  A,  Asiedu, et al	Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	We explore the nucleocapsid (N) protein of SARS-CoV2 to identify promising epitope-based vaccine candidates and target the N-terminal domain of SARS-CoV2 N-protein for potential inhibitors using an integrative bioinformatics approach. We identified B-cell epitopes and T-cell epitopes that are non-toxic, non-allergenic, capable of inducing IFN-γ and structurally stable with high global population coverage of response. We have also identified zidovudine triphosphate, an anti-HIV agent, as a potential inhibitor of the N-terminal domain of SARS-CoV2 N-protein based on docking and simulation analysis and should be considered for experimental validations.
Early hydroxychloroquine but not chloroquine use reduces ICU admission in COVID-19 patients	Lammers,  AJJ,  Brohet, et al	International Journal of Infectious Diseases	Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	The findings of this nationwide, observational cohort study performed in The Netherlands provide crucial data on a potential protective effect of hydroxychloroquine in non-ICU, hospitalized, COVID-19 patients. Early treatment with HCQ on the first day of admission is associated with a 53% reduction in risk of transfer to the ICU for mechanical ventilation. This protective effect was not observed for chloroquine; therefore, these drugs cannot be regarded as interchangeable.
COVID-19 Reinfection and Second Episodes of Olfactory and Gustatory Dysfunctions: Report of First Cases	Lechien,  JR,  Chiesa-Estomba, et al	Ear Nose Throat J	Clinical data| Données cliniques	In this letter, we report 2 cases of patients who developed a second COVID-19, which was associated with a second episode of both loss of smell and taste. A 42-year-old Parisian male developed moderate form of COVID-19 in March with dyspnea, fever, headache, diarrhea, and abdominal pain as main symptoms. The patient was home-managed and developed ageusia and total loss of smell at the end of the disease. A 38-year-old Spanish health care worker developed a moderate form of COVID-19 in March 28, 2020, that was confirmed by 2 positive RT-PCR. She presented dyspnea, fever, headache, and diarrhea and was hospitalized for 7 days. She had no nasal symptoms. At the end of the hospitalization, she developed total loss of smell (Alcohol threshold test: 0) and ageusia.
Clinical experience with use of remdesivir in the treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2: A case series	Lee,  C,  Ahn, et al	Infection and Chemotherapy	Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	This  is a case report of 10 patients  in  the Phase III clinical trial of Remdesiivir (RDV, GS-US-540-5773) conducted by Gliead  Sciences. The  clinical and laboratory  data  showed improvement in  CoVID-19 patients but not without  adverse events exceeding grade 2.  Further testing of RDV is required for its clinical application.
SARS-CoV-2 Transmission among Marine Recruits during Quarantine	Letizia,  AG,  Ramos, et al	N Engl J Med	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Transmission Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI)	We investigated SARS-CoV-2 infections among U.S. Marine Corps recruits who underwent a 2-week quarantine at home followed by a second supervised 2-week quarantine at a closed college campus that involved mask wearing, social distancing, and daily temperature and symptom monitoring. Study volunteers were tested for SARS-CoV-2 by means of quantitative polymerase-chain-reaction (qPCR) assay of nares swab specimens obtained between the time of arrival and the second day of supervised quarantine and on days 7 and 14. Recruits who did not volunteer for the study underwent qPCR testing only on day 14, at the end of the quarantine period. A total of 1848 recruits volunteered to participate in the study; within 2 days after arrival on campus, 16 (0.9%) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, 15 of whom were asymptomatic. An additional 35 participants (1.9%) tested positive on day 7 or on day 14. Five of the 51 participants (9.8%) who tested positive at any time had symptoms in the week before a positive qPCR test. Of the recruits who declined to participate in the study, 26 (1.7%) of the 1554 recruits with available qPCR results tested positive on day 14. No SARS-CoV-2 infections were identified through clinical qPCR testing performed as a result of daily symptom monitoring. Analysis of 36 SARS-CoV-2 genomes obtained from 32 participants revealed six transmission clusters among 18 participants. Epidemiologic analysis supported multiple local transmission events, including transmission between roommates and among recruits within the same platoon. Among Marine Corps recruits, approximately 2% who had previously had negative results for SARS-CoV-2 at the beginning of supervised quarantine, and less than 2% of recruits with unknown previous status, tested positive by day 14.
The Data Forecast in COVID-19 Model with Applications to US, South Korea, Brazil, India, Russia and Italy	Lin,  Bo-Cyuan,  Chen, et al	arXiv	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	In this paper, we firstly propose SQIARD and SIARD models to investigate the transmission of COVID-19 with quarantine, infected and asymptomatic infected, and discuss the relation between the respective basic reproduction number R0,RQ and the stability of the equilibrium points of model. Secondly, after training the related data parameters, in our numerical simulations, we respectively conduct the forecast of the data of US, South Korea, Brazil, India, Russia and Italy, and the effect of prediction of the epidemic situation in each country. Furthermore, we apply US data to compare SQIARD with SIARD, and display the effects of predictions.
Performance of a novel diagnostic assay for rapid SARS-CoV-2 antigen detection in nasopharynx samples	Liotti,  FM,  Menchinelli, et al	Clinical Microbiology and Infection	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	Here, we evaluated the performance of the STANDARD F COVID-19 Ag fluorescent immunoassay (FIA) (SD Biosensor, Suwon, South Korea), an assay detecting SARS-CoV-2 nucleoprotein antigen, on nasopharynx swab samples . A non-negligible proportion of symptomatic or, most commonly, asymptomatic patients, whose nasopharynx swab samples display Ct values of ≥25 might be negative with STANDARD F COVID-19 Ag FIA  It is presently difficult to envisage the correct, fruitful and safe use of these assays
A benchmarking study of SARS-CoV-2 whole-genome sequencing protocols using COVID-19 patient samples	Liu,  Tiantian,  Chen, et al	bioRxiv	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	The COVID-19 pandemic is a once-in-a-lifetime event, exceeding mortality rates of the flu pandemics from the 1950's and 1960's. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of SARS-CoV-2 plays a critical role in understanding the disease. Performance variation exists across SARS-CoV-2 viral WGS technologies, but there is currently no benchmarking study comparing different WGS sequencing protocols. We compared seven different SARS-CoV-2 WGS library protocols using RNA from patient nasopharyngeal swab samples under two storage conditions. We constructed multiple WGS libraries encompassing three different viral inputs: 1,000,000, 250,000 and 1,000 copies. Libraries were sequenced using two distinct platforms with varying sequencing depths and read lengths. We found large differences in mappability and genome coverage, and variations in sensitivity, reproducibility and precision of single-nucleotide variant calling across different protocols. We ranked the performance of protocols based on six different metrics. Our results indicated that the most appropriate protocol depended on viral input amount and sequencing depth. Our findings offer guidance in choosing appropriate WGS protocols to characterize SARS-CoV-2 and its evolution.Competing Interest StatementThe authors have declared no competing interest.
Geographic information system methods tell spatiotemporal transmission and its drivers of COVID-19 in Wuhan, China at street-level	Liu,  Wei,  Wang, et al	Research Square prepub	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de sant&amp;eacute; publique	We aimed to analyze the spatiotemporal spread of COVID-19 in Wuhan and its influence factors. We found decrease in effective reproduction number (Rt) and COVID-19 related indicators through taking a series of effective public health measures including restricting traffic, centralized quarantine and strict stay-at home policy. The distribution of COVID-19 cases number in Wuhan showed an obvious global aggregation and a local aggregation in central urban areas, but such aggregations was decreased in the later period of the epidemic. In addition, the analysis at streets-level suggested population density and the number of hospitals were influence factors of spatial difference.
Addressing COVID-19 spread: Development of reliable testing system for mask reuse	Lu,  H,  Yao, et al	Aerosol and Air Quality Research	Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI)	In this study, a testing system that is based on standardized methods has been established and enhanced to reliably measure the particle filtration efficiency (PFE) of masks. Among the tested materials, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) used as the membrane in the filter layer has the highest PFE of 88.33% ± 1.80%, which is mainly due to its dense and multilayer structure. The PFE is only reduced by 10–20% after 30 washes, thus indicating the potential reusability of the mask.
COVID-19: Impacts on oral healthcare delivery in dependent older adults	Lundberg,  A,  Hillebrecht, et al	Gerodontology	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This study aimed to evaluate the impacts of restrictions to the provision of dental services for dependent older patients due to the COVID-19 pandemic. A significant decrease in the total number of dependent older patients treated was recorded during the periods of January-March 2020 (P = .026) and April-May 2020 (P = .001) when compared to 2019. According to projections, by December 2020 the clinic will be providing 81.14% less clinical activity compared to 2019 (P < .0001), including a complete cessation of domiciliary services. The restrictions implemented to prevent the spread of COVID-19 have resulted in a significant reduction in oral healthcare provision for dependent older adults. Within this clinic, dedicated to dependent older adults, clinical activity is projected to reduce by 81% by the end of 2020 with associated reductions in revenue generation.
Difficulties in Treating a Patient with Multiple Cancers in the COVID-19 Pandemic	Lupuşoru,  I,  Ciobanu, et al	Chirurgia (Bucharest, Romania : 1990)	Clinical data| Données cliniques	This report presents the case of a 62-year-old patient who develops three types of cancer over four years and who was admitted to the hospital in the Emergency Room for hematemesis, melena, and abdominal pain. SARS CoV2 infection changed the rules of treatment in this case. The patient was operated for the right scapular tumour, the gastrectomy being delayed due to the lung lesions given by SARS CoV2. Finally, the patient undergoes surgery for the gastric tumour, the RT-PCR retest being negative.
Ebselen, disulfiram, carmofur, PX-12, tideglusib, and shikonin are nonspecific promiscuous SARS-CoV-2 main protease inhibitors	Ma,  C,  Hu, et al	ACS Pharmacology and Translational Science	Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	In this study, we investigated the mechanism of action of six previously reported Mpro inhibitors, ebselen, disulfiram, tideglusib, carmofur, shikonin, and PX-12 .Overall, we provide compelling evidence suggesting that these six compounds are nonspecific SARS-CoV-2 Mpro inhibitors.
Evaluating the Efficacy of Tocilizumab in Moderate to Severe COVID-19 with Progressive Illness despite Steroids: Identifying the Optimal Timing of its Administration in C3G study	Madan,  Surabhi,  Rana, et al	medRxiv	Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	This is a retrospective study of 125 patients admitted between May 5 to July 31, 2020, in a tertiary care hospital in western India, which analyzed the efficacy and optimal timing of administration of TCZ in moderate to severe COVID-19 with features of CRS, where the response to steroids was poor.  Mortality was least in patients of COVID-19 with CRS who received TCZ while on low flow oxygen. When administered in the early hypoxemic phase, TCZ is associated with reduced mortality and decreased need for mechanical ventilation.
Longitudinal characterization of the IgM and IgG humoral response in symptomatic COVID-19 patients using the Abbott Architect	Maine,  GN,  Lao, et al	Journal of Clinical Virology	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	Here we evaluated the clinical performance of Abbott SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG assays, as well as the longitudinal dynamics of the antibody response in symptomatic COVID-19 patients. This study demonstrates the Abbott IgM assay against SARS-CoV-2 is detected slightly earlier compared to IgG, with both tests exhibiting excellent overall sensitivity and specificity. In symptomatic patients who test negative by PCR for a SARS-CoV-2 infection, assessing IgM and IgG antibodies can aid in supporting a diagnosis of COVID-19.
'Long-COVID': a cross-sectional study of persisting symptoms, biomarker and imaging abnormalities following hospitalisation for COVID-19	Mandal,  S,  Barnett, et al	Thorax	Long-Term Sequelae | séquelles à long terme	Large numbers of people are being discharged from hospital following COVID-19 without assessment of recovery. In 384 patients (mean age 59.9 years; 62% male) followed a median 54 days post discharge, 53% reported persistent breathlessness, 34% cough and 69% fatigue. 14.6% had depression. In those discharged with elevated biomarkers, 30.1% and 9.5% had persistently elevated d-dimer and C reactive protein, respectively. 38% of chest radiographs remained abnormal with 9% deteriorating. Systematic follow-up after hospitalisation with COVID-19 identifies the trajectory of physical and psychological symptom burden, recovery of blood biomarkers and imaging which could be used to inform the need for rehabilitation and/or further investigation.
In vitro efficacy of a copper iodine complex PPE disinfectant for SARS-CoV-2 inactivation	Mantlo,  E,  Rhodes, et al	F1000Research	Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI)	In this study, the Clyraguard copper iodine complex was tested for its ability to inactivate SARS-CoV-2 in solution. These data indicate the product to be effective in reducing SARS-CoV-2 titers in a time-dependent manner, with the virus being reduced below the detection limits within 30 minutes. These results suggest that Clyraguard may be an effective tool for mitigating cross-contamination of non-critical PPE that may come into contact with SARS-CoV-2.
Halting SARS-CoV-2 by targeting high-contact individuals	Manzo,  G,  van de Rijt, et al	JASSS	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Transmission	Network scientists have proposed that infectious diseases involving person-to-person transmission could be effectively halted by interventions targeting a minority of highly connected individuals. Simulations showed that targeting individuals reporting very high frequency contacts robustly improves containment.
Serial semiquantitative detection of SARS-CoV-2 in saliva samples	Mao,  MH,  Guo, et al	Journal of Infection	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	A comparison of nucleic acid tests, saliva tests, oropharyngeal swab tests and sputum tests was performed. Our results show that combined sputum-saliva detection is a reliable method for monitoring the viral load of patients recovering from COVID-19.
Serial semiquantitative detection of SARS-CoV-2 in saliva samples	Mao,  MH,  Guo, et al	Journal of Infection	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	we evaluated the performance of the STANDARD F COVID-19 Ag fluorescent immunoassay (FIA) (SD Biosensor, Suwon, South Korea), an assay detecting SARS-CoV-2 nucleoprotein antigen, on nasopharynx swab samples. A  a non-negligible proportion of symptomatic or, most commonly, asymptomatic patients, whose nasopharynx swab samples display Ct values of ≥25 might be negative with STANDARD F COVID-19 Ag FIA (or similar) assays.Iit is presently difficult to envisage the correct, fruitful and safe use of these assays
Step toward repurposing drug discovery for COVID-19 therapeutics through in silico approach	Marak,  BN,  Dowarah, et al	Drug Dev Res	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	In this time of crisis, employing computational methods could provide a feasible alternative approach that can potentially be used for drug discovery. Therefore, a library of several antiparasitic and anti-inflammatory drugs was virtually screened against SARS-CoV-2 proteases to identify potential inhibitors. The identified inhibitory drugs were further analyzed to confirm their activities against SARS-CoV-2. Our results could prove to be helpful in repurposing the drug discovery approach, which could substantially reduce the expenses, time, and resources required.
Availability of personal protective equipment and diagnostic and treatment facilities for healthcare workers involved in COVID-19 care: A cross-sectional study in Brazil, Colombia, and Ecuador	Martin-Delgado,  J,  Viteri, et al	PLoS One	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This study aimed to investigate the needs of healthcare professionals and the technical difficulties faced by them during the initial outbreak. A cross-sectional web-based survey was conducted among the healthcare workforce in the most populous cities from three Latin American countries in April 2020. In total, 1,082 participants were included. Of these, 534 (49.4%), 263 (24.3%), and 114 (10.5%) were physicians, nurses, and other professionals, respectively. At least 70% of participants reported a lack of PPE. The most common shortages were shortages in gown coverall suits (643, 59.4%), N95 masks (600, 55.5%), and face shields (569, 52.6%). Professionals who performed procedures that generated aerosols reported shortages more frequently (p<0.05). Healthcare professionals in Latin America may face more difficulties than those from other countries, with 7 out of 10 professionals reporting that they did not have the necessary resources to care for patients with COVID-19.
Acute Limb Ischemia in Minimally Symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infection	Maurera,  AH,  Vu, et al	Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Acute limb ischemia was also seen in a patient only minimally symptomatic with SARS-CoV-2 infection and no other risk factors for embolus or thrombosis.
A Descriptive and Quantitative Immunohistochemical Study Demonstrating a Spectrum of Platelet Recruitment Patterns Across Pulmonary Infections Including COVID-19	McMullen,  PD,  Cho, et al	Am J Clin Pathol	Clinical data| Données cliniques	This study sought to compare the level of platelet deposition in the pulmonary vasculature in cases of confirmed COVID-19 infection to other lung injuries and infections.  Immunohistochemistry was performed on 27 autopsy cases and 2 surgical pathology cases targeting CD61. Multiple cases of normal lung, diffuse alveolar damage, COVID-19, influenza, and bacterial and fungal infections, as well as one case of pulmonary emboli, were included. Nearly all specimens exhibited an increase in CD61 staining relative to control lung tissue. The area of CD61 staining in COVID-19 infection was higher than influenza but still comparable to many other infectious diseases. Platelet deposition is a phenomenon common to many pulmonary insults. A spectrum of staining patterns was observed, suggestive of pathogen-specific mechanisms of platelet deposition.
A shorter symptom-onset to remdesivir treatment (SORT) interval is associated with a lower mortality in moderate-to-severe COVID-19: A real-world analysis	Mehta,  RavindraM,  Bansal, et al	medRxiv	Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	The current study aimed to evaluate the impact of timing of remdesivir initiation (symptom-onset to remdesivir treatment [SORT] interval) on in-hospital all-cause mortality in patients with moderate-to-severe COVID-19. This retrospective study was conducted between June 25, 2020 and October 3, 2020, at a tertiary care dedicated COVID center in India.   In this large series of moderate-to-severe COVID-19, initiation of remdesivir ≤9 days from symptom-onset was associated with a significant mortality benefit. These findings indicate a treatment window and reinforce the need for earlier remdesivir initiation in moderate-to-severe COVID-19 infection.
The importance of standardisation – COVID-19 CT & Radiograph Image Data Stock for deep learning purpose	Misztal,  K,  Pocha, et al	Computers in biology and medicine	Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	In this work, we propose a new dataset which we call COVID-19 CT & Radiograph Image Data Stock. The aim of COVID-19 CT & Radiograph Image Data Stock is to create a public pool of CT and radiograph images of lungs to increase the efficiency of distinguishing COVID-19 disease from other types of pneumonia and from healthy chest. We hope that the creation of this dataset would allow standardisation of the approach taken for training deep neural networks for COVID-19 classification and eventually for building more reliable models.
Inpatient dialysis planning during the covid-19 pandemic: A single-center experience and review of the literature	Mitchell,  KR,  Bomm, et al	International Journal of Nephrology and Renovascular Disease	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	Methods: We compared our planning and experience at a tertiary care academic medical center to recommendations in the literature.  Shortages in the number of portable reverse osmosis (RO) machines needed to prepare dialysis water, inadequate number of rooms in units designated for COVID-19 patients with plumbing for dialysis, and lack of temperature blending valves on sinks that necessitated using cold water only, and damaging the RO membranes. We identified the need for cooperation between nephrology and critical care medicine, hospital-based and community nephrologists and community dialysis units as well as nephrologists at other hospitals in the region.
Gain-of-function assay for SARS-CoV-2 Mpro inhibition in living cells	Moghadasi,  Seyad Arad,  Becker, et al	bioRxiv	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	Here we demonstrate a quantitative reporter for Mpro function in living cells, in which protease inhibition by genetic or chemical methods results in strong eGFP fluorescence. This robust gain-of-function system readily distinguishes between inhibitor potencies and can be scaled-up to high-throughput platforms for drug testing.
SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence and antibody kinetics among health care workers in a Spanish hospital after three months of follow-up	Moncunill,  G,  Mayor, et al	J Infect Dis	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Immunology | Immunologie	BACKGROUND: At the COVID-19 pandemic peak in Spain, prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in a cohort of 578 randomly selected health care workers (HCW) from Hospital Clínic de Barcelona was 11.2%. METHODS: A follow-up survey one month later (April-May 2020) measured infection by rRT-PCR and IgM, IgA, IgG to the receptor-binding domain of the spike protein by Luminex. Antibody kinetics, including IgG subclasses, was assessed till month 3. RESULTS: At month 1, the prevalence of infection measured by rRT-PCR and serology was 14.9% (84/565) and the seroprevalence 14.5% (82/565). We found 25 (5%) new infections in participants without previous evidence of infection (501). IgM, IgG and IgA levels declined in 3 months (antibody decay rates 0.15 (95% CI, 0.11; 0.19), 0.66 (95% CI, 0.54; 0.82), 0.12 (95% CI, 0.09; 0.16), respectively), and 68.33% of HCW had seroreverted for IgM, 3.08% for IgG, and 24.29% for IgA. The most frequent subclass responses were IgG1 (highest levels) and IgG2, followed by IgG3, and only IgA1 but no IgA2 was detected. CONCLUSIONS: Continuous and improved surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 infections in HCW remains critical, particularly in high-risk groups. The observed fast decay of IgA and IgM levels have implications for seroprevalence studies using these isotypes.
SARS-CoV-2 infection prevention and control at healthcare facilities in South Africa: A knowledge, attitudes, and practices survey of health workers in four provinces	Moodley,  Saiendhra Vasudevan,  Zungu, et al	Research Square prepub	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	The aim of our cross-sectional study was to determine SARS-CoV-2 infection prevention and control knowledge and attitudes of frontline health workers in four provinces of South Africa as well as explore some elements of health worker and health facility infection prevention and control practices. The attitudes of participants reflected a willingness to engage in appropriate SARS-CoV-2 infection prevention and control practices as well as a commitment to be involved in COVID-19 patient care. Ensuring adequate infection prevention and control training for all staff and universal access to appropriate PPE were identified as key areas that needed to be addressed.
The COVID-19 Social Monitor longitudinal online panel: Real-time monitoring of social and public health consequences of the COVID-19 emergency in Switzerland	Moser,  A,  Carlander, et al	PLoS One	Mental Health | santé mentale Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	Our study aims to describe changes to daily live using population-based self-reported data about social and health behavior in a random sample of the Swiss population during the COVID-19 pandemic. From 8,174 contacted individuals, 2,026 individuals participated in the first survey wave which corresponds to a response rate of 24.8%. Most survey participants reported a good to very good general life satisfaction (93.3%). 41.4% of the participants reported a worsened quality of life compared to before the COVID-19 emergency and 9.8% feelings of loneliness.
Intracranial Hemorrhage in Hospitalized SARS-CoV-2 Patients: A Case Series	Mousa-Ibrahim,  F,  Berg, et al	Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Currently, clinical trials are underway to address the questions regarding anticoagulation dosing strategies to prevent thrombosis for these critically ill patients. However, given the increasing use of therapeutic anticoagulation in patients admitted with COVID-19 to curtail this prothrombotic state, our institution has witnessed six cases of devastating intracranial hemorrhage as well as thrombosis leading to five fatalities and we examine their hospital course and anticoagulation used.
A connectivity map-based drug repurposing study and integrative analysis of transcriptomic profiling of SARS-CoV-2 infection	Mousavi,  SZ,  Rahmanian, et al	Infection, Genetics and Evolution	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	The current study aims to determine promising treatment options for the COVID-19 through a computational drug repurposing approach. The results suggest the effectiveness of lansoprazole, folic acid, sulfamonomethoxine, tolnaftate, diclofenamide, halcinonide, saquinavir, metronidazole, ebselen, lidocaine and benzocaine, histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors, heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) inhibitors, and many other clinically approved drugs as potent drugs against COVID-19 outbreak.
Time and the etiology of Acute Kidney Injury define prognosis in the course of COVID-19	Murt,  Ahmet,  Tamer Dincer, et al	Research Square prepub	Clinical data| Données cliniques	This study aimed to analyze AKI among hospitalized COVID-19 patients in relation to the time and etiologies of AKI. 1056 patients who were hospitalized with COVID-19 diagnosis in our institution were retrospectively evaluated and 383 of them met the inclusion criteria. AKI was seen in 23% of the patients and 23% of those who developed AKI died. Early AKI was more related to pre-renal causes and had a milder course. However, later AKIs were more related to immunologic response and had significantly higher mortality. Findings of this study suggest that AKI in COVID-19 is not of one kind. When developed, AKI should be evaluated in conjunction with the disease stage and possible etiologies.
COMPLEXITY and INFORMATION-BASED ANALYSIS of the VARIATIONS of the SARS-COV-2 GENOME in the UNITED STATES of AMERICA (USA)	Namazi,  H,  Krejcar, et al	Fractals	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	In this study, we employ the complexity and information theories to investigate the variations of SARS-CoV-2 genome between different states in the USA. Based on these results, we can conclude that the SARS-CoV-2 genomic structure significantly changes between different states, which is resulted from the virus evolution. Therefore, developing a vaccine for SARS-CoV-2 is very challenging
Recombinant ACE2 Expression is Required for SARS-CoV-2 to Infect Primary Human Endothelial Cells and Induce Inflammatory and Procoagulative Responses	Nascimento Conde,  Jonas,  Schutt, et al	bioRxiv	Clinical data| Données cliniques Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	We demonstrate that primary human ECs lack ACE2 receptors at protein and RNA levels, and that SARS-CoV-2 is incapable of directly infecting ECs derived from pulmonary, cardiac, brain, umbilical vein or kidney tissues. In contrast, pulmonary ECs transduced with recombinant ACE2 receptors are infected by SARS-CoV-2 and result in high viral titers (~1x107/ml), multinucleate syncytia and EC lysis. SARS-CoV-2 infection of ACE2-expressing ECs elicits procoagulative and inflammatory responses observed in COVID-19 patients. The inability of SARS-CoV-2 to directly infect and lyse ECs without ACE2 expression explains the lack of vascular hemorrhage in COVID-19 patients and indicates that the endothelium is not a primary target of SARS-CoV-2 infection. These findings are consistent with SARS-CoV-2 indirectly activating EC programs that regulate thrombosis and endotheliitis in COVID-19 patients, and focus strategies on therapeutically targeting epithelial and inflammatory responses that activate the endothelium or initiate limited ACE2 independent EC infection.
Modelling the impacts of lockdown and isolation on the eradication of COVID-19	Ndam,  JN	Biomath	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Public health interventions*| Interventions de sant&amp;eacute; publique	The model is meant to address the impacts of lockdown and social isolation as strategies for the eradication of the pandemic. Local stability analysis indicate that the equilibria are locally-asymptotically stable for R0 1 for the disease-free equilibrium and the endemic equilibrium respectively. Numerical simulations of the model equations show that lock-down is a more effective strategy in the eradication of the disease than social isolation. However, strict enforcement of both strategies is the most effective means that could end the disease within a shorter period of time.
Organ recovery from deceased donors with prior COVID-19: a case series	Neidlinger,  NA,  Smith, et al	Transpl Infect Dis	Transmission	Here we report a case series of six deceased donors with a history of COVID‐19 from whom 13 organs were recovered and transplanted though several of the nation’s organ procurement organizations (OPOs). In addition, at least two potential donors were authorized for donation but with no organs were successfully allocated and did not proceed to recovery. No transmission of SARS‐CoV‐2 was reported from the six donors to recipients, procurement teams, or hospital personnel.
Rapid assessment of psychological and epidemiological correlates of COVID-19 concern, financial strain, and health-related behavior change in a large online sample	Nelson,  BW,  Pettitt, et al	PLoS One	Mental Health | santé mentale	The current rapid response study in a convenience online sample quickly recruited 2,065 participants across the United States, Canada, and Europe in late March and early April 2020. Cross-sectional findings indicated elevated anxiety and depressive symptoms compared to historical norms, which were positively associated with COVID-19 concern more strongly than epidemiological data signifying risk (e.g., world and country confirmed cases). Employment loss was positively associated with greater depressive symptoms and COVID-19 concern, and depressive symptoms and COVID-19 concern were significantly associated with more stringent self-quarantine behavior.
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children associated with SARS-CoV-2 in an 8-week old infant	Orlanski-Meyer,  E,  Yogev, et al	J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc	Clinical data| Données cliniques	We describe an 8-week-old infant with severe gastrointestinal symptoms, significant hypoalbuminemia, and mild carditis following asymptomatic infection with SARS-CoV-2. The infant's symptoms, including their temporal appearance, were consistent with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). A unique finding on colonic histology which may shed light on the pathogenesis of MIS-C was identified.
In well-differentiated primary human bronchial epithelial cells, TGF-β1 and TGF-β2 induce expression of furin	O'Sullivan,  MJ,  Mitchel, et al	Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	We assessed the suitability of primary human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells maintained in air-liquid interface (ALI) as an experimental system for studying SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro. During cellular differentiation, we measured the expression of ACE2, TMPRSS2, and furin over progressive ALI days by RT-qPCR, western blot and immunofluorescence staining.  These data suggest that well-differentiated HBE cells maintained in air-liquid interface is a reliable in vitro system for investigating cellular mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 infection. We further identified that profibrotic mediators, TGF-β1 and TGF-β2, increase the expression of furin.
PMC7337783; The Epidemiology of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 in a Pediatric Healthcare Network in the United States	Otto,  WR,  Geoghegan, et al	J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	This was a retrospective case series of patients tested for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) across a pediatric healthcare network, including clinical features and outcomes of those with positive test results. Patients aged 18–21 years had the highest test positive rate (11.2%), while those aged 1–5 years had the lowest (3.9%). By race, 10.6% (226/2132) of black children tested positive vs 3.3% (117/3592) of white children. By indication for testing, 21.1% (371/1756) of patients with reported exposures or clinical symptoms tested positive vs 3.8% (53/1410) of those undergoing preprocedural or preadmission testing. Of 424 patients who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, 182 (42.9%) had no comorbidities, 87 (20.5%) had asthma, and 55 (13.0%) were obese. Overall, 52.1% had cough, 51.2% fever, and 14.6% shortness of breath. Seventy-seven (18.2%) SARS-CoV-2–positive patients were hospitalized, of whom 24 (31.2%) required respiratory support. SARS-CoV-2-targeted antiviral therapy was given to 9 patients, and immunomodulatory therapy to 18 patients. Twelve (2.8%) SARS-CoV-2-positive patients required mechanical ventilation, and 2 patients required extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Two patients died.
Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 on mink farms between humans and mink and back to humans	Oude Munnink,  BB,  Sikkema, et al	Science	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Coronavirology| Coronavirologie zoonoses	We describe an in-depth investigation using whole genome sequencing of outbreaks on 16 mink farms and the humans living or working on these farms. We conclude that the virus was initially introduced from humans and has since evolved, most likely reflecting widespread circulation among mink in the beginning of the infection period several weeks prior to detection. Sixty-eight percent (68%) of the tested mink farm residents, employees and/or contacts had evidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Where whole genomes were available, these persons were infected with strains with an animal sequence signature, providing evidence of animal to human transmission of SARS-CoV-2 within mink farms.
Classification of COVID-19 in Chest CT Images using Convolutional Support Vector Machines	Özkaya,  Umut,  Öztürk, et al	arXiv	Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	In this study, a deep learning model that detects COVID-19 cases with high performance is presented. The proposed method is defined as Convolutional Support Vector Machine (CSVM) and can automatically classify Computed Tomography (CT) images. When the performance of pre-trained CNN networks and CSVM models is assessed, CSVM (7x7, 3x3, 1x1) model shows the highest performance with 94.03% ACC, 96.09% SEN, 92.01% SPE, 92.19% PRE, 94.10% F1-Score, 88.15% MCC and 88.07% Kappa metric values.
Prognostic Assessment of COVID-19 in the Intensive Care Unit by Machine Learning Methods: Model Development and Validation	Pan,  P,  Li, et al	J Med Internet Res	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	The aim of this study was to use machine learning to construct a model for the analysis of risk factors and prediction of mortality among ICU patients with COVID-19. Layer-by-layer screening of 100 potential risk factors finally revealed 8 important risk factors that were included in the risk prediction model: lymphocyte percentage, prothrombin time, lactate dehydrogenase, total bilirubin, eosinophil percentage, creatinine, neutrophil percentage, and albumin level. The 8-factor XGBoost model predicts risk of death in ICU patients with COVID-19 well; it initially demonstrates stability and can be used effectively to predict COVID-19 prognosis in ICU patients.
Pilot study for the evaluation of safety profile of a potential inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 endocytosis	Paolacci,  S,  Ceccarini, et al	Acta Biomed	Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	We developed an oral spray that could inhibit the SARS-CoV-2 endocytosis. The spray contains hydroxytyrosol for its anti-viral, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties, and α-cyclodextrin for its ability to deplete sphingolipids, that form the lipid rafts where ACE2 localizes.  We demonstrated that Endovir Stop spray is safe. The next step would be the administration of the efficacy of the spray by testing it to a wider range of people and see whether there is a reduced infection rate of SARS-CoV-2 in the treated subjects than in the non-treated individuals.
Will you shake my hand? Factors of noncompliance with COVID-19 behavioral rules in the framework of enforced social isolation in Russia	Parfenova,  A	International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This research paper is devoted to the investigation of reasons for not complying with behavioral rules in the context of epidemiological situation aggravation because of COVID-19 spread. The study was conducted within the framework of a mixed methodology: a series of semistructured interviews and an online survey. In the first stage, 15 interviews were conducted to understand the possible reasons for not following the self-isolation rules or ignoring self-precaution recommendations. In the second stage, an online survey was conducted from 10th to 20th May 2020, gathering a total of 540 responses. As a result of the qualitative stage, the process of choosing to perform risky physical contact with another person was analyzed. Moreover, the possible factors that influence this behavior were discovered: primarily social environment and trust in the government, Internet, media. The way of coping with emerging conflict of making a traditional physical contact or staying in distance was also discussed. As a result of the quantitative stage, a significant contribution of trust toward institutions and official statistics on the number of people infected in different aspects of precautionary behavior was discovered, as well as other factors, such as the presence of infected in a social environment of a respondent.
Hydroxychloroquine Use and COVID-19 Concerns Among Alopecia Patients: A Cross-Sectional Survey Study	Pathoulas,  JT,  Flanagan, et al	Dermatol Ther	Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	In this cross-sectional survey study, we evaluated hydroxychloroquine use among patients with cicatricial alopecia during COVID-19 including infection with SARS-CoV-2, treatment concerns, and medication access.
Emotional impact of health personnel, medical students, and general population samples during COVID-19 pandemic in Lima, Peru: A cross-sectional study	Pedraz-Petrozzi,  Bruno	Research Square prepub	Mental Health | santé mentale	This study's main objective is to compare the emotional effects of the COVID-19 between three different groups, namely health personnel, medical students, and the general population sample. Regarding CPDI (COVID-19 related stress) values, all other groups showed reduced CPDI values compared to COVID-19 first-line personnel. However, the general population, preclinical medical students, and clinical medical students showed increased PHQ-9 values compared to COVID-19 first-line personnel. Finally, confounder factors, gender and age, correlated negatively with higher CPDI and PHQ-9 scores. Being COVID-19 first-line personnel is associated with more stress related to COVID-19.
Cure models to estimate time until hospitalization due to COVID-19. A case study in Galicia (NW Spain)	Pedrosa-Laza,  Maria	Research Square prepub	Clinical data| Données cliniques	A short introduction to survival analysis and censored data is included in this paper. The main nonparametric and semiparametric approaches were applied to a real time dataset of COVID-19 patients from the rst weeks of the epidemic in Galicia (NW Spain). The aim is to model the elapsed time from diagnosis to hospital admission. The main conclusions, as well as the limitations of both the cure models and the dataset, are presented, illustrating the usefulness of cure models in this kind of studies, where the influence of age and sex on the time to hospital admission is shown.
Static all-atom energetic mappings of the SARS-Cov-2 spike protein and dynamic stability analysis of "Up" versus "Down" protomer states	Peters,  MH,  Bastidas, et al	PLoS One	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	We have performed detailed all-atom, dominant energy landscape mappings for noncovalent interactions (charge, partial charge, and van der Waals) of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein in its static prefusion state based on two recent and independent experimental structure publications.  Therapies aimed at disrupting these noncovalent interactions could be a viable route for the physico-chemical mitigation of this deadly virion.
Impact of SARS-CoV-2 on reperfusion therapies for acute ischemic stroke in Lombardy, Italy. The STROKOVID network	Pezzini,  Alessandro,  Grassi, et al	Research Square prepub	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	We retrospectively compared clinical features and process measures of patients with confirmed infection (COVID-19) and non-infected patients (non-COVID-19) who underwent reperfusion therapies for acute ischemic stroke. Our findings showed longer delays in the intra-hospital management of acute ischemic stroke in COVID-19 patients, especially in the early phase of the outbreak, that likely impacted patients outcome and should be the target of future interventions.
SARS-CoV-2 Induces Acute and Refractory Relapse of Systemic Capillary Leak Syndrome (Clarkson's Disease)	Pineton de Chambrun,  M,  Cohen-Aubart, et al	American Journal of Medicine	Clinical data| Données cliniques	This editorial presents a case of  systemic capillary-leak syndrome (SCLS), also known as Clarkson's disease in 45-year-old woman with a 7-year history of immunoglobulin G Kappa monoclonal gammopathy-associated SCLS. admitted for a planned immunoglobulin infusion. She regularly received IVIg since her diagnosis. When she was admitted in March 2020, she complained about nausea and vomiting and a 10-kg increase of body weight. She had no fever or any respiratory symptoms, but she had hypotension (80/40 mm Hg) with elevated heart rate (110 beats per minute). Laboratory findings were typical for an acute episode (hemoglobin 19.1 g/dL, proteinemia: 42 g/L). Evolution was unfavorable, with severe hypovolemic shock, multiple organ failure, and 4-limb compartment syndrome cumulating into refractory cardiac arrest. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) polymerase chain reaction turned out to be positive, as sampled by tracheal aspiration.
Synthetic Reproduction and Augmentation of COVID-19 Case Reporting Data by Agent-Based Simulation	Popper,  Nikolas,  Zechmeister, et al	medRxiv	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	We generate synthetic data documenting COVID-19 cases in Austria by the means of an agent-based simulation model. The model simulates the transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in a statistical replica of the population and reproduces typical patient pathways on an individual basis while simultaneously integrating historical data on the implementation and expiration of population-wide countermeasures. The resulting data semantically and statistically aligns with an official epidemiological case reporting data set and provides an easily accessible, consistent and augmented alternative. Our synthetic data set provides additional insight into the spread of the epidemic by synthesizing information that cannot be recorded in reality.
Admission cardiac diagnostic testing with electrocardiography and troponin measurement prognosticates increased 30-day mortality in COVID-19	Poterucha,  TJ,  Elias, et al	J Am Heart Assoc	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	We analyzed 887 patients (aged 64±17 years) admitted with COVID‐19 from March 1 – April 3, 2020 in New York City with 12 lead electrocardiography (ECG) within 2 days of diagnosis. Myocardial injury with hs‐cTnT ≥ 20 ng/L, in addition to cardiac conduction perturbations, especially AF/AFL, upon hospital admission for COVID‐19 infection is associated with markedly increased risk for mortality than either diagnostic abnormality alone.
Determinants of survival after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection in Mexican outpatients and hospitalised patients	Prado-Galbarro,  F,  Sanchez-Piedra, et al	Public health	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	This study aimed to evaluate the association of chronic diseases and indigenous ethnicity on the poor prognosis of outpatients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and hospitalised patients in Mexico. Diabetes, hypertension and obesity combined with older age, male sex and indigenous ethnicity increase the risk of death after SARS-CoV-2 infection in the Mexican population. It is recommended that the incidence of COVID-19 is monitored in indigenous communities, and access to health services is increased nationwide.
SARS-CoV-2 infection causes transient olfactory dysfunction in mice	Qin,  Cheng-Feng,  Ye, et al	bioRxiv	Clinical data| Données cliniques Animal model | Modèle animal	Herein we demonstrate intranasal inoculation of SARS-CoV-2 induces robust viral replication in the olfactory epithelium (OE), resulting in transient olfactory dysfunction in humanized ACE2 mice. The sustentacular cells and Bowman’s gland cells in OE were identified as the major targets of SARS-CoV-2 before the invasion into olfactory sensory neurons. Remarkably, SARS-CoV-2 infection triggers cell death and immune cell infiltration, and impairs the uniformity of OE structure. Combined transcriptomic and proteomic analyses reveal the induction of antiviral and inflammatory responses, as well as the downregulation of olfactory receptors in OE from the infected animals.
Modelling The Spread of COVID-19 Using The Fundamental Principles of Fluid Dynamics	Rabbani,  Harris,  Osei-Bonsu, et al	medRxiv	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	In this article, we introduce a physics based approach for forecasting epidemics such as COVID-19. The proposed physics-based mathematical model stems from the fundamental principles of fluid dynamics, and can be utilized to make projections of the number of infected people at any scale. Our model takes into account the diffusive transmission of the virus, the growth of virus inside the human body and the response of the natural immune system of individuals. We demonstrate that the health of individuals plays a critical role in controlling the evolution of the epidemic. In places where the individuals exhibit a strong immune system, the development of pandemic is limited despite high diffusivity of the virus.
The importance of overweight in COVID-19: A retrospective analysis in a single center of Wuhan, China	Rao,  X,  Wu, et al	Medicine	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	This retrospective cohort study evaluated the association between overweight and severity, drug response, and clinical outcomes of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). One-half of patients (120, 50.0%) had severe pneumonia, while nearly one-half (114, 47.5%) were overweight. Among patients over 45 years old, overweight patients had significantly lower rates of fatigue, higher rates of headache, and higher median C-reactive protein levels. Patients under 45 years old had higher rates of cough and myalgia and higher proportions of increased alanine aminotransferase and lactic dehydrogenase, as well as more pulmonary lobes involved in the pneumonia revealed by chest computed tomography scans. Overweight patients were at higher risk of developing severe pneumonia. Although weight was not a risk factor for in-hospital death, overweight patients showed different responses to medications compared with normal weight patients.
The smartphone: an evolution or revolution in virtual patient healthcare during and beyond the COVID-19 pandemic ? An evaluation and comparison of the smartphone against other currently available wearable technologies in a secondary care setting during th	Raza,  Asif,  Mukherjee, et al	medRxiv	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	We describe the novel use of smartphones, with Microsoft Teams, to live stream inpatient interactions, radiological images, pathology results, charts and patient review between an office-based and ward team (virtual ward round) and for teaching medical students in secondary care.  However the smartphone was preferred during ward rounds and was 85% cheaper than the Realwear device. Urology medical staff numbers on the ward were reduced by 50%. Ward round efficiency improved as administrative tasks could be performed by the office team during the virtual ward round.
Massive drop in elective and urgent aortic procedures during the peak of the COVID-19 outbreak in Spanish multicenter analysis	Reyes Valdivia,  A,  San Norberto, et al	Journal of Vascular Surgery	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	Thirty-four patients were treated for aortic pathology in eight Spanish academic vascular surgery departments during the pandemic between March 14 and May 4; 11 (32%) were urgent, 7 (21%) were semiurgent, and 16 (47%) were elective. Six (33%) of the 18 urgent or semiurgent patients tested positive for COVID-19; four died after repair, two owing to acute respiratory distress syndrome and two because of cardiac shock.  dramatic decrease (>50%) of urgent aortic surgery was encountered when compared within the same period for the three previous years.
PMC7644237; Protein losing enteropathy and pneumatosis intestinalis in a child with COVID 19 infection	Rohani,  P,  Karimi, et al	J Pediatr Surg Case Rep	Clinical data| Données cliniques	We report a 6 years and half old boy with diarrhea, abdominal pain with first diagnosis acute abdomen due to acute appendicitis. At last diagnosis of pneumatosis intestinalis due to enterocolitis was confirmed. The results of first lab studies were shown leucopenia, lymphopenia and COVID 19 PCR was positive. During admission the cough has increased and abdominal distention has evolved.
Diagnostic accuracy of symptoms as a diagnostic tool for SARS-CoV 2 infection: a cross-sectional study in a cohort of 2,173 patients	Romero-Gameros,  Carlos	Research Square prepub	Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	The aim of this study was to evaluate the performances of symptoms as a diagnostic tool for SARS -CoV-2 infection. A prevalence of 53.72% of SARS-CoV-2 infection was observed. The symptom with the highest sensitivity was cough 71%, and a specificity of 52.68%. The symptomatological scale, constructed from 6 symptoms, obtained a sensitivity of 83.45% and a specificity of 32.86%, taking ≥ 2 symptoms as a cut-off point. The symptoms with the greatest association with SARS-CoV-2 were: anosmia odds ratio (OR) 3.2 (95% CI; 2.52-4.17), fever OR 2.98 (95% CI; 2.47-3.58), dyspnea OR 2.9 (95% CI; 2.39-3.51]) and cough OR 2.73 (95% CI: 2.27-3.28).
UTLDR: an agent-based framework for modeling infectious diseases and public interventions	Rossetti,  Giulio,  Milli, et al	arXiv	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de sant&amp;eacute; publique	This work introduces UTLDR, a framework that can simulate the effects of several public interventions (and their combinations) on the unfolding of epidemic processes. UTLDR enables the design of compartmental models incrementally and to simulate them over complex interaction network topologies. Moreover, it allows integrating external information on the analyzed population (e.g., age, gender, geographical allocation, and mobility patterns\dots) and to use it to stratify and refine the designed model. After introducing the framework, a few case studies are discussed to underline its flexibility and expressive power.
Computational prediction of Carica papaya extracts as potential drug agents against RNA polymerase and Spike proteins of SARS-nCoV2	Saif,  Rashid,  Zafar, et al	Research Square prepub	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	In this paper, we predict the promising drug agents from the Carica papaya compounds by docking them with two major drug target proteins of SARS-nCoV2, spike (7BZ5) and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (7BW4). For this purpose, we used Molecular Operating Environment Software (MOE) for ligand-protein interactions and docking scores. Furthermore, we used PubChem, PDB and SwissADME web portals to retrieve ligands structures, proteins structures and to check Lipinski’s physiochemical parameters respectively. Cumulatively, this docking study has shown significant binding energies that (-4.2034 to -8.9013 Kcal/mol) indicates their potential against COVID-19 treatment.
Attributes of Dysgeusia and Anosmia of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Hospitalized Patients	Samaranayake,  LP,  Fakhruddin, et al	Oral Dis	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	We evaluated the latter associations of chemosensory dysfunction, in hospitalized COVID‐19 patients in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Our data confirm the commonality of chemosensory dysfunction during COVID‐19 progression, and the significantly more pronounced combined dysfunction in males with severe COVID‐19, and co‐morbidities.
Knowledge, Anxiety, Fear, and Psychological Distress About COVID-19 Among University Students in the United Arab Emirates	Saravanan,  C,  Mahmoud, et al	Frontiers in Psychiatry	Mental Health | santé mentale Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study aims to assess the level of knowledge, anxiety, and psychological distress concerning COVID-19 and their association with fear, gender, age, history of mental illness, time spent reading about COVID-19, program of study, and type of dwelling among students in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). 433 students participated in a web-based survey. Students possess adequate knowledge concerning COVID-19; however, they are psychologically distressed. Age, dwelling status, history of mental illness, anxiety, and fear significantly predicted psychological distress. Frequent web-based workshops that include insight, guidance, online counseling, scheduled activity, and coping mechanisms for COVID-19 are highly recommended.
The German version of the pandemic-related pregnancy stress scale: A validation study	Schaal,  NK,  Marca-Ghaemmaghami, et al	European Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Biology	Mental Health | santé mentale	The present study introduces and validates the German version of the Pandemic-Related Pregnancy Scale (PREPS). In total, 1364 German-speaking pregnant women from Germany and Switzerland took part in this online cohort study and completed the PREPS as well as gave information on sociodemographic, obstetric and other psychological factors. The German PREPS showed good psychometric properties and is a useful instrument for future studies which aim to investigate the impact of pandemic-related stress on birth outcomes and postpartum factors.
Air ambulance intensive care transport in prone position for COVID-19 ARDS	Schellhaaß,  A,  Pöselt, et al	Notfall und Rettungsmedizin	Clinical data| Données cliniques Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	The patient was found in prone position in the delivering hospital. After repositioning in the supine position, life-threatening hypoxemia occurred, so that the patient had to be returned to the prone position.
Disparities in Video and Telephone Visits Among Older Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-Sectional Analysis	Schifeling,  CH,  Shanbhag, et al	JMIR Aging	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This study aimed to determine (1) whether video visits had longer durations, more visit diagnoses, and more advance care planning discussions than telephone visits during the rapid implementation of telemedicine in the COVID-19 pandemic, and (2) whether disparities in visit type existed based on patient characteristics. Compared to telephone appointments, videoconferencing was, on average, 7 minutes longer (mean 37.3 minutes, SD 10 minutes; P<.001) and had, on average, 1.2 more visit diagnoses (mean 5.7, SD 3; P=.001). Video and telephone visits had similar rates of advance care planning. Furthermore, hearing, vision, and cognitive impairment did not result in different rates of video or telephone appointments. Non-White patients, patients who needed interpreter services, and patients who received Medicaid were less likely to have video visits than White patients, patients who did not need an interpreter, and patients who did not receive Medicaid, respectively (P=.003, P=.01, P<.001, respectively).
Hemolytic crisis in a patient treated with eculizumab for paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria possibly triggered by SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19): a case report	Schüller,  H,  Klein, et al	Ann Hematol	Clinical data| Données cliniques	A 68-year-old Caucasian female patient was admitted to our hospital with confirmed COVID-19. She had been diagnosed with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) in 1977. Other than that, she has a past medical history significant for hypertension and chronic hepatitis C. For PNH, the patient was started on eculizumab (900 mg/14 days) in 2007. On March 19, 2020, 13 days after receiving her regular treatment with eculizumab, she presented with subfebrile temperatures, mild cough, a sore throat, and diarrhea.
The Introduction of a Mandatory Mask Policy Was Associated with Significantly Reduced COVID-19 Cases in a Major Metropolitan City	Scott,  Nick,  Saul, et al	SSRN- Lancet prepublication	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	Whilst evidence of face masks’ effectiveness in reducing COVID-19 cases is increasing, the impact of mandatory use across a large population has been difficult to assess. Introduction of a mandatory mask policy was associated with an estimated 23% reduction in the effective reproduction ratio, from 1.18 to 0.91. The hinge date (where the shift in epidemic growth was observed) occurred eight days after policy introduction, consistent with the incubation time of COVID-19 and the time needed to test and report new cases.
AIRSENSE-TO-ACT: A Concept Paper for COVID-19 Countermeasures based on Artificial Intelligence algorithms and multi-sources Data Processing	Sebastianelli,  A,  M	arXiv	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Public health interventions*| Interventions de sant&amp;eacute; publique	Aim of this paper is the description of a new tool to support institutions in the implementation of targeted countermeasures, based on quantitative and multi-scale elements, for the fight and prevention of emergencies, such as the current COVID-19 pandemic. The model includes a specific neural network which will be first trained to learn the correlation between selected inputs, related to the case of interest: environmental variables (chemical-physical, such as meteorological), human activity (such as traffic and crowding), level of pollution (in particular the concentration of particulate matter), and epidemiological variables related to the evolution of the contagion.
Severe, Symptomatic Reinfection in a Patient with COVID-19	Selvaraj,  V,  Herman, et al	R I Med J (2013)	Clinical data| Données cliniques	In this case report, we describe an individual who was initially diagnosed in April 2020 with COVID-19. Seven months later, he presented again to the hospital with shortness of breath and was found to have COVID-19 reinfection.
Single-Cell Transcriptome Analysis Highlights a Role for Neutrophils and Inflammatory Macrophages in the Pathogenesis of Severe COVID-19	Shaath,  H,  Vishnubalaji, et al	Cells	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Immunology | Immunologie	This study employed iterative clustering and guide-gene selection 2 (ICGS2) as well as uniform manifold approximation and projection (UMAP) dimensionality reduction computational algorithms to decipher the complex immune and cellular composition of BAL, using publicly available datasets from a total of 68,873 single cells derived from two healthy subjects, three patients with mild COVID-19, and five patients with severe COVID-19.  The analysis revealed the presence of neutrophils and macrophage cluster-1 as a hallmark of severe COVID-19. Among the identified gene signatures, IFITM2, IFITM1, H3F3B, SAT1, and S100A8 gene signatures were highly associated with neutrophils, while CCL8, CCL3, CCL2, KLF6, and SPP1 were associated with macrophage cluster-1 in severe-COVID-19 patients.
Epidemiological transcriptomic data supports BCG protection in viral diseases including COVID-19	Sharma,  Abhay	bioRxiv	Public health interventions*| Interventions de sant&amp;eacute; publique Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	Here, an integrative analysis of available epidemiological transcriptomic data related to BCG vaccination and respiratory tract viral infections, and transcriptomic alterations reported in COVID-19 is presented toward addressing this gap. Results suggest that the vaccine induces very long-lasting transcriptomic changes that, unsurprisingly, mimic viral infections by upregulated antiviral defense response, and, counterintuitively oppose viral infections by downregulated myeloid cell activation. These durability and mechanistic insights have immediate implications in fight against the COVID-19 pandemic. To validate this finding in disease setting, the BCG-virus cluster genes were intersected with DEG identified in single-cell RNA-seq analysis of PBMC from severe and severe-moderate patients of COVID-19, compared to healthy controls; as expected from the above cell type distribution analysis, a clear myeloid bias was found for the genes that are downregulated in the BCG and upregulated in the virus group, whereas genes that are upregulated in both the groups did not starkly differ in myeloid-lymphoid distribution
Universal epidemic curve for COVID-19 and its usage for forecasting	Sharma,  Aryan,  Sapkal, et al	medRxiv	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	We construct a universal epidemic curve for COVID-19 using the epidemic curves of eight nations that have reached saturation for the first phase, and then fit an eight-degree polynomial that passes through the universal curve. We take India’s epidemic curve up to September 22, 2020 and overlap it with the universal curve by minimizing square-root error. The constructed curve is used to forecast epidemic evolution up to January 1, 2021. The predictions of our model and those of supermodel for India are reasonably close to each other considering the uncertainties in data fitting. Our model predicts that the daily cases for India’s COVID-19 epidemic are falling, which is consistent with the observations.
A gradient boosting machine learning approach in modeling the impact of temperature and humidity on the transmission rate of COVID-19 in India	Shrivastav,  LK,  Jha, et al	Applied Intelligence	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Transmission	The present study targets to explore the association between the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) transmission rates and meteorological parameters. The gradient boosting model (GBM) results in the best accuracy of R2 = 0.95 for prediction of active cases in Maharashtra, and R2 = 0.98 for prediction of recovered cases of COVID-19 in Kerala and Rajasthan, India
Nsp1 of SARS-CoV-2 Stimulates Host Translation Termination	Shuvalov,  Alexey,  Shuvalova, et al	bioRxiv	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	We hypothesized that Nsp1 may be involved in translation termination. We show the direct influence of Nsp1 on translation termination. Using a cell-free translation system and reconstituted in vitro translation system, we reveal that Nsp1 stimulates translation termination in the stop codon recognition stage. We identify that activity of Nsp1 in translation termination is localized in its N-terminal domain.
Social distancing, cultural and psychological effects on learners in a rural setting in Zimbabwe	Sikhangezile,  N,  Modise, et al	Journal of Ethnic and Cultural Studies	Mental Health | santé mentale	The study seeks to unveil the socio-cultural and psychological effects of social distancing on the learners in Zimbabwe. The study was limited to Matabeleland North Province of Zimbabwe. Respondents were 10 learners from secondary schools and 10 from primary schools. The findings of the study revealed that learners lack psycho- social support from home. The situation is causing stress, depression, loss of feeling of control over one’s life, low self-esteem and loss of aspiration. There is also unavailability of peer support, peer tutoring, co-operative and competitive learning and resources which are essential pedagogies for effective learning. Access to the Internet is a challenge for many learners due to the poor economic status of the country. Most of the learners are worried about their well-being and that of their family-members in-turn, this affects the academe. Guidance and counselling lessons have become more vital to support learners during this social distancing era.
Insights From Rapid Deployment of a "Virtual Hospital" as Standard Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic	Sitammagari,  K,  Murphy, et al	Ann Intern Med	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	We describe the development and rapid deployment of a virtual hospital program, Atrium Health hospital at home (AH-HaH), within a large health care system. 1477 patients diagnosed with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) from 23 March to 7 May 2020 who received care via AH-HaH. Virtual hospital programs have the potential to provide health systems with additional inpatient capacity during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond.
The comprehensive study on the therapeutic effects of baicalein for the treatment of COVID-19 in vivo and in vitro	Song,  J,  Zhang, et al	Biochemical pharmacology	Therapeutics| Thérapeutique Animal model | Modèle animal	In this paper, the preclinical study of baicalein on the treatment of COVID-19 was performed. Results showed that baicalein inhibited cell damage induced by SARS-CoV-2 and improved the morphology of Vero E6 cells at a concentration of 0.1 μM and above. The effective concentration could be reached after oral administration of 200 mg/kg crystal form β of baicalein in rats. Baicalein significantly inhibited the body weight loss, the replication of the virus, and relieved the lesions of lung tissue in hACE2 transgenic mice infected with SARS-CoV-2. In LPS-induced acute lung injury of mice, baicalein improved the respiratory function, inhibited inflammatory cell infiltration in the lung, and decreased the levels of IL-1β and TNF-α in serum. Therefore, baicalein might be a promising therapeutic drug for the treatment of COVID-19.
Business Restrictions and COVID Fatalities	Spiegel,  MatthewI,  Tookes, et al	SSRN- Lancet prepublication	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de sant&amp;eacute; publique	We hand-collect a time-series database of business closures and related restrictions for every county in the United States since March 2020. We then relate these policies to future growth in deaths due to COVID-19. Across specifications, stay-at-home orders, mandatory mask requirements, beach and park closures, restaurant closures, and high risk (Level 2) business closures are the policies that most consistently predict lower 4- to 6- week-ahead fatality growth. We fail to find consistent evidence in support of the hypothesis that some of the other business restrictions (such as spa closures, school closures, and the closing of the low- to medium-risk businesses that are typically allowed in Phase I reopenings) predict reduced fatality growth at four-to-six-week horizons. Some policies, such as low- to medium business risk closures may even be counterproductive. We continue to find that stay-at-home, mandatory masks, beach and park closures, restaurant closures, and high risk business closures all predict declines in future fatality growth.
Proteomic Analysis Reveals Upregulation of ACE2 (Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2), the Putative SARS-CoV-2 Receptor in Pressure-but Not Volume-Overloaded Human Hearts	Stegbauer,  J,  Kraus, et al	Hypertension	Clinical data| Données cliniques	To better understand the pathophysiological circumstances in which ACE2 is upregulated in the heart on protein level, we took advantage of a well-established proteomic approach and compared proteomic characteristics of n=75 human myocardial samples from n=41 patients with severe AS, n=17 patients with severe mitral valve regurgitation, and n=17 controls.  In patients with AS, ACE2 protein was 4.76-fold upregulated compared with controls (adj. P<0.0001) and 4.04-fold compared with patients with mitral valve regurgitation (adj. P<0.001). In patients with mitral valve regurgitation, ACE2 abundance did not show any significant differences when compared with controls.  Furthermore, a logistic regression model (Pseudo-R2, 0.40; P<0.001, area under the curve [AUC] 0.89), adjusted for age, sex, antihypertensive medication revealed that allocation to the pressure-overloaded AS group (odds ratio, 44.2 [95% CI, 1.5–1331.4]; P=0.029) was the most relevant factor for ACE2 protein levels exceeding the intergroup median. ACE-inhibition was another independent factor for ACE2 levels exceeding the inter-group median (odds ratio, 10.3 [95% CI, 1.2–91.6]; P=0.036) with 95% CIs above 1. The study found evidence that ACE2 is differently regulated in pressure- or volume-overload hearts because of valve disease.
Coping with COVID-19: Resilience and psychological well-being in the midst of a pandemic	Sturman,  ED	Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology	Mental Health | santé mentale	The present study looked at mood (anxiety and depression), stress, resilience, grit, perceived control, happiness, and satisfaction with life in two samples hailing from small towns in upstate New York. These outcomes were assessed at two time points: pre-coronavirus (November/December 2019) and peak-coronavirus (mid-April 2020). Contrary to expectations, the results indicated no significant differences on any of the variables between the pre-coronavirus sample and the peak-coronavirus sample. The results suggested that people, at least in this region of the United States and more broadly in smaller towns, may be psychologically coping with the pandemic to a better degree than might be expected.
Social Capital and Mental Health among Older Adults Living in Urban China in the Context of COVID-19 Pandemic	Sun,  Q,  Lu, et al	International journal of environmental research and public health	Mental Health | santé mentale	The present study examined the mediating role of cognitive social capital on the relationship between structural social capital and mental health among older adults in urban China in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings indicate that social capital can play an important role in sustaining and improving mental health in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Policy and intervention implications are discussed.
Characterization and structural basis of a lethal mouse-adapted SARS-CoV-2	Sun,  Shihui,  Gu, et al	bioRxiv	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Animal model | Modèle animal	Herein, we generated and characterized a novel mouse-adapted SARS-CoV-2 strain named MASCp36 that causes acute respiratory symptoms and mortality in standard laboratory mice. Deep sequencing identified three amino acid mutations, N501Y, Q493H, and K417N, subsequently emerged at the receptor binding domain (RBD) of MASCp36, which significantly enhanced the binding affinity to its endogenous receptor, mouse ACE2 (mACE2). Our study not only provides a robust platform for studying the pathogenesis of severe COVID-19 and rapid evaluation of coutermeasures against SARS-CoV-2, but also unveils the molecular mechanism for the rapid adaption and evolution of SARS-CoV-2 in mice.
Risk factors for mortality of residents in nursing homes with Covid-19: a retrospective cohort study	Suner,  Clara,  Ouchi, et al	medRxiv	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	We aimed to explore the contribution of structural factors of nursing home facilities and the surrounding district to all-cause and Covid-19-related deaths during a SARS-CoV-2 outbreak. Methods In this retrospective cohort study, we investigated the risk factors of Covid-19 mortality at the facility level in nursing homes in Catalonia (North-East Spain). Findings Between March 1 and June 1, 2020, 1,629 deaths were reported in these nursing homes; 1,089  of them were Covid-19-confirmed. The multivariable regression showed a higher risk of death associated with a higher percentage of complex patients or those with advanced diseases, lower capacity for implementing preventive measures, and districts with a higher incidence of Covid-19.
Flow in the time of COVID-19: Findings from China	Sweeny,  K,  Rankin, et al	PLoS One	Mental Health | santé mentale	The present investigation examined the role of two potential coping resources during this stressful period of uncertainty: flow and mindfulness. Participants in Wuhan and other major cities affected by COVID-19 (N = 5115) completed an online survey assessing subjective experiences of flow, mindfulness, and well-being. Longer quarantine was associated with poorer well-being; flow and mindfulness were associated with better well-being on some measures.
Pristine annotations-based multi-modal trained artificial intelligence solution to triage chest X-ray for COVID-19	Tan,  Tao,  Das, et al	arXiv	Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This study demonstrates a functional AI model to triage by inferencing using a single x-ray image, while the deep-learning model is trained using both X-ray and CT data. Reports on how such a multi-modal training improves the solution compared to X-ray only training. The multi-modal solution increases the AUC (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve) from 0.89 to 0.93 and also positively impacts the Dice coefficient (0.59 to 0.62) for localizing the pathology.
Selection of an optimal combination panel to better triage covid-19 hospitalized patients	Tang,  Y,  Li, et al	Journal of Inflammation Research	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	This study was designed to add new biomarkers into conventional inflammatory panels to build an optimal combination panel for COVID-19, to better triage patients and predict their outcomes. Biochemical parameters representing multi-organ functions, cytokines, acute-phase proteins, and other inflammatory markers were measured in COVID-19 patients on hospital admission. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, logistic regression, event-free survival (EFS), and Cox analyses were performed to screen and compare the predictive capabilities of the new panel in patients with different illness severity and outcome. This study included 120 patients with COVID-19, consisting of 32 critical, 28 severe, and 60 mild/moderate patients. Initial levels of the selected biomarkers showed a significant difference in the three groups, all of which influenced patient outcome and EFS to varying degrees. Cox proportional hazard model revealed that procalcitonin (PCT) and interleukin 10 (IL-10) were independent risk factors, while superoxide dismutase (SOD) was an independent protective factor influencing EFS. In discriminating the critical and mild patients, a panel combining PCT, IL-6, and neutrophil (NEUT) yielded the best diagnostic performance with an AUC of 0.99, the sensitivity of 90.60% and specificity of 100%. In distinguishing between severe and mild patients, SODs AUC of 0.89 was higher than any other single biomarker. In differentiating the critical and severe patients, the combination of white blood cell count (WBC), PCT, IL-6, IL-10, and SOD achieved the highest AUC of 0.95 with a sensitivity of 75.00% and specificity of 100%.
Influenza versus COVID-19 cases among influenza-like illness patients in travelers from Wuhan to Hong Kong in January 2020	Tao,  J,  Gao, et al	International Journal of Infectious Diseases	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Surveillance	This study analyzed the record of the ILI patients with a recent travel history to Wuhan who arrived in Hong Kong between 31 December 2019 and 21 January 2020. We found that the proportion of COVID-19 cases among the total ILI patients is much smaller than a study among ILI in Wuhan. We argue that it is essential to consider both samples when inferring the number of COVID-19 cases from ILI patients.
Jaundice in a patient treated with Anakinra in a context of Covid-19	Tarhini,  H,  Husain, et al	Medecine et Maladies Infectieuses	Clinical data| Données cliniques	We report a case of 87 years old woman with moderate COVID-19 infection treated by Anakinra. She had an elevation of the conjugated bilirubin 5 days after Anakinra treatment with clinical improvement and symptoms resolution one week after drug withdrawal.
A Prognostic Model to Predict Recovery of COVID-19 Patients Based on Longitudinal Laboratory Findings	Tian,  S,  Zhu, et al	Virol Sin	Clinical data| Données cliniques	This study aimed to evaluate longitudinal change patterns of key laboratory tests in patients with COVID-19, and identify independent prognostic factors by examining the associations between laboratory findings and outcomes of patients. This multicenter study included 56 patients with COVID-19 treated in Jilin Province, China.  Age, sex, lactate dehydrogenase, platelet count and globulin level were included in the final model to predict the probability of recovery.
Large sudden change measured in European and US COVID-19 death rates	Van Bussel,  Frank	arXiv	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de sant&amp;eacute; publique	By fitting a compartment ODE model for Covid-19 propagation to cumulative case and death data for US states and European countries, this study finds that the case mortality rate seems to have decreased by at least 80 percent in most of the US and at least 90 percent in most of Europe. Almost all the decreases occurred between mid-April and mid-June, which unexpectedly corresponds to the time when many state and national lockdowns were released resulting in surges of new cases. Several plausible causes for this drop are examined, such as improvements in treatment, face mask wearing, a new virus strain, and potentially changing demographics of infected patients, but none are overwhelmingly convincing given the currently available evidence.
Clinical experience with SARS CoV-2 related illness in children - hospital experience in Cape Town, South Africa	van der Zalm,  MM,  Lishman, et al	Clin Infect Dis	Clinical data| Données cliniques	This study reflects clinical data on South African children with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Children less than 1 year of age hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2 in Cape Town frequently required respiratory support, the access to oxygen may be limited in some  low- middle income countries which could potentially drive morbidity and mortality.
Physical Activity and Sociodemographic Profile of Brazilian People during COVID-19 Outbreak: An Online and Cross-Sectional Survey	Vancini,  RL,  Camargo-Neto, et al	International journal of environmental research and public health	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study characterized sociodemographic variables and physical activity levels and their association with COVID-19 aspects. The main results were that participants who had symptoms of COVID-19 had the highest percentage of level 1 of physical activity (the lowest level according to the classification used) and those who showed no symptoms had the highest percentage of levels 2 and 3 of physical activity; that is, close to the light/moderate levels of physical activity.
COVID-19 Pandemic: Increased risk for psychopathology in Children and Adolescents?	Via,  Esther,  Estrada-Prat, et al	Research Square prepub	Mental Health | santé mentale	1,529 caregivers answered an online questionnaire about emotional and behavioral symptoms of youths (4-18 years old) using the Pediatric Symptom Checklist (PSC).  PSC+ significatively increased from 13% to 34.7%, baseline to lockdown, mostly driven by depression and anxiety symptoms and with greater risk at younger ages. Youths’ and parents’ positive mental health history additionally increased this risk. In children, caregivers’ stress and depression was the stronger predictor of lockdown PSC scores; in adolescents it was the coping style. These findings suggest a significant mental health impact on children and adolescents associated with COVID-19 pandemic response. Younger ages should be closely monitored.
A case of COVID-19 Convalescent Plasma Donation in Greece: Directed donation for compassionate use in the donor's critically ill father	Vlachogianni,  G,  Hassapopoulou-Matamis, et al	Transfusion Clinique et Biologique	Clinical data| Données cliniques	The authors describe a case of COVID-19, who was the first to be administered COVID-19 convalescent plasma (CCP) in Greece (on April 20, 2020). Among the general issues arising from this case, we wish to draw attention to the problems related to the lack of CCP stock, leading to the failure of crucial timely CCP administration and to the specific safety measures required when one has to rely on family members.
Ozone exposure upregulates the expression of host susceptibility protein TMPRSS2 to SARS-CoV-2	Vo,  Thao,  Paudel, et al	bioRxiv	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Animal model | Modèle animal	Objective: To investigate the impact of ozone inhalation on the expression levels of signatures associated with host susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2. Methods: We analyzed lung tissues collected from mice that were sub-chronically exposed to air or 0.8ppm ozone for three weeks (4h/night, 5 nights/week), and analyzed the expression of signatures associated with host susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2. Results: A significant proportion of additional known SARS-CoV-2 host susceptibility genes were upregulated in alveolar macrophages and parenchyma from ozone-exposed mice. Conclusions: Our data indicate that the unhealthy levels of ozone in the environment may predispose individuals to severe SARS-CoV-2 infection.
SIM-D: An agent-based simulator for modeling contagion in population	Waleed,  M,  Um, et al	Applied Sciences (Switzerland)	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Transmission Public health interventions*| Interventions de sant&amp;eacute; publique	In this paper, an agent-based simulation engine is presented that models the spread of infectious diseases in the population. The simulation engine supports non-pharmaceutical interventions and shows its impact on the disease spread across locations. A unique feature of this tool is that it is generic; therefore, it can simulate a wide variety of infectious disease models (SIR), susceptible-infectious-susceptible (SIS) and susceptible-infectious (SI). The proposed simulation engine will help the policy-makers and public health authorities study the behavior of disease spreading; thus, allowing for better planning.
Highly potent bispecific sybodies neutralize SARS-CoV-2	Walter,  JustinD,  Hutter, et al	bioRxiv	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	We identified a sybody pair (Sb#15 and Sb#68) that can bind simultaneously to the RBD, and block ACE2 binding, thereby neutralizing pseudotyped and live SARS-CoV-2 viruses. Bispecific fusions of the sybodies increased the neutralization potency 100-fold, as compared to the single binders. Our work demonstrates that linking two binders that recognize spatially-discrete binding sites result in highly potent SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors for potential therapeutic applications.
Risk factors of liver injury in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 in Jiangsu, China: a retrospective, multi-center study	Wang,  J,  Zhu, et al	J Med Virol	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	We aimed to describe liver injury and identify the risk factors of liver injury in COVID‐19 patients without chronic liver diseases (CLD). The clinical data of 228 confirmed COVID‐19 patients without CLD were retrospectively collected from ten hospitals in Jiangsu, China. Mild to moderate liver injury was common in COVID‐19 patients. Age over 50 years, male sex, and lopinavir‐ritonavir were the independent risk factors of liver impairment in COVID‐19 patients during hospitalization.
A lateral flow test detecting SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies	Wang,  Jianfu Jeffrey,  Zhang, et al	medRxiv	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	Here, we describe a 15 minutes lateral flow test for rapid detection of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. All other currently available neutralization tests require hours or days to complete and have to be performed in a well-equipped laboratory. This lateral flow test is the first of its kind and will serve as a convenient diagnostic tool in management of COVID-19 disease.
Exploring the impact of under-reporting cases on the spatiotemporal distributions of COVID-19: The case of Hubei, China	Wang,  Peixiao,  Hu, et al	arXiv	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	In this paper, confirmed cases of healthcare workers were used to analyze the impact of under-reporting on the spatiotemporal distribution of COVID-19. The results show that: (1) the estimated peak infection time of the reported cases lags behind the actual peak infection time. The infection peak time of the epidemic in Wuhan was January 29, not February 11 estimated by reported cases, and the infection peak time of the epidemic in Hubei (except Wuhan) was February 2, not February 4 estimated by reported cases. (2) The estimated infection time interval of the reported cases is smaller than the actual interval. The infection time interval of the epidemic in Wuhan was approximately 63.6 days, not 45.6 days estimated by reported cases, and the infection time interval of the epidemic in Hubei (except Wuhan) was about 58.8 days, not 40.8 days estimated by reported cases. (3) Although the number of reported cases is lower than the actual number of cases, a high spatial correlation exists between the cumulatively reported cases and the actual situation.
Examining the change of human mobility adherent to social restriction policies and its effect on COVID-19 cases in Australia	Wang,  S,  Liu, et al	International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de sant&amp;eacute; publique	Coupling the data of confirmed COVID-19 cases with the Google mobility data in Australia, this present a state-level empirical study to: (1) inspect the temporal variation of the COVID-19 spread and the change of human mobility adherent to social restriction policies; (2) examine the extent to which different types of mobility are associated with the COVID-19 spread in eight Australian states/territories; and (3) analyse the time lag effect of mobility restriction on the COVID-19 spread. Found that social restriction policies implemented in the early stage of the pandemic controlled the COVID-19 spread effectively; the restriction of human mobility has a time lag effect on the growth rates of COVID-19, and the strength of the mobility-spread correlation increases up to seven days after policy implementation but decreases afterwards. The association between human mobility and COVID-19 spread varies across space and time and is subject to the types of mobility.
Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in children: a prospective multicentre cohort study	Waterfield,  T,  Watson, et al	Arch Dis Child	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Immunology | Immunologie	The objective of this study was to report the presence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, consistent with previous infection. Children demonstrated similar antibody titres in response to SARS-CoV-2 irrespective of age. Fatigue, gastrointestinal symptoms and changes in sense of smell or taste were the symptoms most strongly associated with SARS-CoV-1 antibody positivity.
Rapid generation of potent antibodies by autonomous hypermutation in yeast	Wellner,  Alon,  McMahon, et al	bioRxiv	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Immunology | Immunologie	Here, we describe Autonomous Hypermutation yEast surfAce Display (AHEAD), a synthetic recombinant antibody generation technology that imitates somatic hypermutation inside engineered yeast. We applied AHEAD to generate nanobodies against the SARS-CoV-2 S glycoprotein, a GPCR, and other targets. The SARS-CoV-2 nanobodies, concurrently evolved from an open-source naive nanobody library in 8 independent experiments, reached subnanomolar affinities through the sequential fixation of multiple mutations over 3-8 AHEAD cycles that saw ~580-fold and ~925-fold improvements in binding affinities and pseudovirus neutralization potencies, respectively.
Corticosteroid therapy for coronavirus disease 2019-related acute respiratory distress syndrome: a cohort study with propensity score analysis	Wu,  C,  Hou, et al	Crit Care	Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	We aimed to compare the risk of death between COVID-19-related ARDS patients with corticosteroid treatment and those without. In this clinical practice setting, low-dose corticosteroid treatment was associated with reduced risk of in-hospital death within 60 days in COVID-19 patients who developed ARDS.
Preliminary exploration of the mechanism of Qingfei Paidu decoction against novel coronavirus pneumonia based on network pharmacology and molecular docking technology	Wu,  H,  Wang, et al	Yaoxue Xuebao	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	In this paper, we preliminarily explored the potential therapeutic mechanism for Qingfei Paidu decoction in COVID-19 and predicted the active ingredients.  The Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 edition) and Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP), OMIM (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man), GeneCard, STRING, and other online databases were used for building a series of network, and selecting the core target and analyzing the signal pathway. We made molecular docking predictions for the important compounds. The results showed that the Qingfei Paidu decoction compound-pneumonia target network contained 292 compounds and 214 corresponding targets, and the core targets involved AKT1 (AKT serine/threonine kinase 1), IL6 (interleukin 6), MAPK8 (mitogen-activated protein kinase 8), MAPK1 (mitogen-activated protein kinase 1), and JUN (jun proto-oncogene). GO (Gene Ontology) function enrichment analysis yielded 858 GO entries, and KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) enrichment screening yielded 122 related pathways, including hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) and Toll-like receptor (TLRs) signaling pamways related to pneumonia, as well as T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling pathway related to lung injury protection. The molecular docking results showed that some core compounds of the Chinese herbal medicine of Qingfei Paidu decoction have a certain degree of affinity for 2019-novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) main protease (3C-like protease, 3CLpro) and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2).
Antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 in people living with HIV	Yamamoto,  S,  Saito, et al	Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection	Clinical data| Données cliniques Immunology | Immunologie	Seroconversion of SARS-CoV-2 was similar between well-controlled people living with HIV (PLWH) and patients without HIVsuggesting thatcoronavirus vaccine potentially could be suitable in PLWH.
The relationship between perceived stress and emotional distress during the COVID-19 outbreak: Effects of boredom proneness and coping style	Yan,  L,  Gan, et al	Journal of anxiety disorders	Mental Health | santé mentale	Our research aimed to investigate the relationship between perceived stress and emotional distress during the initial outbreak. Data from 3233 participants in China were collected through an online survey platform during the initial outbreak of the COVID-19 from January 31 to February 9 in 2020. Results showed that higher perceived stress was associated with more emotional distress including depression, fear, compulsion-anxiety, neurasthenia, and hypochondria. Boredom proneness significantly and positively mediated the relationship between perceived stress and emotional distress. Moreover, coping style moderated the stress-emotional distress relationship, i.e., individuals who mainly adopted positive coping strategies suffered fewer symptoms of depression, compulsion-anxiety, and neurasthenia under stress, while negative coping strategies aggravated emotional distress.
Disparities in outpatient visits for mental health and/or substance use disorders during the COVID surge and partial reopening in Massachusetts	Yang,  J,  Landrum, et al	General hospital psychiatry	Mental Health | santé mentale Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	An observational study to examine changes in outpatient visits for mental health and/or substance use disorders (MH/SUD) in an integrated healthcare organization during the initial Massachusetts COVID-19 surge and partial state reopening. MH/SUD visit volume increased during the COVID surge and was supported by rapidly-scaled telemedicine. Despite this, widening diagnostic and racial/ethnic disparities in MH/SUD visit volume during the surge and reopening suggest additional barriers for these vulnerable populations, and warrant continued monitoring and research.
The hydroalcoholic extract of Uncaria tomentosa (Cat's claw) inhibits the replication of novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) in vitro</em&gt	Yepes-Perez,  Andres,  Herrera-Calderon, et al	bioRxiv	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	we investigated the antiviral potential of the hydroalcoholic extract of Uncaria tomentosa stem bark from Peru against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro. The antiviral activity of U. tomentosa against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro was assessed in Vero E6 cells using cytopathic effect (CPE) and plaque reduction assay. After 48h of treatment, U. tomentosa showed an inhibition of 92.7 % of SARS-CoV-2 at 25.0 µg/mL by plaque reduction assay on Vero E6 cells.
Performance of qualitative and quantitative antigen tests for SARS-CoV-2 in early symptomatic patients using saliva	Yokota,  Isao,  Sakurazawa, et al	medRxiv	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	Methods We evaluated performance of ICA and CLEIA using 34 frozen PCR-positive specimens (17 saliva and 17 nasopharyngeal swab) and 307 PCR-negative samples. Results ICA detected SARS-CoV-2 in only 14 (41%) samples, with positivity of 24% in saliva and 59% in NPS. Notably, ICA detected SARS-CoV-2 in 5 (83%) of 6 samples collected within 4 days after symptom onset. CLEIA detected SARS-CoV-2 in 31 (91%) samples, with positivity of 82% in saliva and 100% in NPS. CLEIA was negative in 3 samples with low viral load by PCR.
Novel biomarkers for the prediction of COVID-19 progression a retrospective, multi-center cohort study	Yu,  Y,  Liu, et al	Virulence	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	This study analyzes the inflammatory profiles of COVID-19 patients and demonstrate their implications for the illness progression of COVID-19.  Retrospective analysis  was conducted of 3,265 confirmed COVID-19 cases hospitalized between 10 January 2020, and 26 March 2020 in three medical centers in Wuhan, China. Patients were diagnosed as COVID-19 and hospitalized in Leishenshan Hospital, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University and The Seventh Hospital of Wuhan, China.  the sensitivity and specificity of inflammatory parameters for disease progression were determined by MedCalc Version 19.2.0. Age (95%CI, 1.017 to 1.048; P < 0.001), serum amyloid A protein (SAA) (95%CI, 1.216 to 1.396; P < 0.001) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (95%CI, 1.006 to 1.045; P < 0.001) were likely the risk factors for the disease progression. The Area under the curve (AUC) of SAA for the progression of COVID-19 was 0.923, with the best predictive cutoff value of SAA of 12.4 mg/L, with a sensitivity of 83.9% and a specificity of 97.67%. SAA-containing parameters are novel promising ones for predicting disease progression in COVID-19.
Changes in health behaviours during early COVID-19 and socio-demographic disparities: a cross-sectional analysis	Zajacova,  A,  Jehn, et al	Can J Public Health	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study assesses changes in health behaviours during the early stages of the pandemic and examines socio-demographic disparities associated with these changes. We analyze data on adults age 25 and older (N = 4383) from the public-use Canadian Perspectives Survey Series 1: Impacts of COVID-19 (CPSS-COVID). While findings varied across the six behaviours, overall, there was an increase in negative health behaviours: 14% of Canadian adults reported increasing their alcohol use (95% CI = 0.12, 0.15), 25% increased their junk food consumption (95% CI = 0.23, 0.27), and over 60% increased their screen time (62%, 95% CI = 0.60, 0.65 for TV and 66%, 95% CI = 0.63, 0.68 for internet). Younger and Canada-born adults were more likely to increase negative health behaviours than older and immigrant Canadians. Adults who reported financial impact of COVID-19 were more likely to increase all negative health behaviours (e.g., for increased junk food consumption, the relative risk ratio (RRR) = 1.81, 95% CI = 1.49, 2.20 relative to group reporting no impact).
Supporting Role of Society and Firms to COVID-19 Management among Medical Practitioners	Zandi,  G,  Shahzad, et al	International journal of environmental research and public health	Mental Health | santé mentale Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This study measured the job stress and employees' commitment during pandemic.  The results of the study indicated; direct positive & significant impact of Extent of Exposure on Job Stress while direct negative, significant association with Commitment. Job Stress also observed having direct negative impact on commitment. The Extent of Exposure-Job Stress relationship was also found stronger among group of doctors having Low level of Perceived Organizational Support and weaker among group of doctors having High level of Perceive Organizational support. Perceived Organizational Support showed a moderating effect on the Extent of Exposure-Job Stress relationship; while, Social Support showed no moderation.
CD127 imprints functional heterogeneity to diversify monocyte responses in human inflammatory diseases	Zhang,  Bin,  Zhang, et al	bioRxiv	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Here, we identified an inducible population of CD127-expressing human monocytes under inflammatory conditions and named the subset M127. Multiple genomic and functional approaches revealed unique gene signatures of M127 and unified anti-inflammatory properties imposed by the CD127-STAT5 axis. M127 expansion correlated with mild COVID-19 disease outcomes.
Individual perceived stress mediates psychological distress in medical workers during covid-19 epidemic outbreak in Wuhan	Zhang,  C,  Peng, et al	Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment	Mental Health | santé mentale	Chen et al demonstrated a higher level  of stress, depression and anxiety among medical doctors and nurses (966 participants) in Hubei province, China during Feb-March 2020.  The anxiety and acute stress were more noticeable in  local hospitals and in female medical personnel.
ConceptWAS: a high-throughput method for early identification of COVID-19 presenting symptoms	Zhao,  Juan,  Grabowska, et al	medRxiv	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Here, we describe a high-throughput approach - Concept-Wide Association Study (ConceptWAS) that systematically scans a disease's clinical manifestations from clinical notes. We used this method to identify symptoms specific to COVID-19 early in the course of the pandemic. We processed 87,753 notes 19,692 patients (1,483 COVID-19-positive) subjected to COVID-19 PCR testing between March 8, 2020, and May 27, 2020. We found 68 clinical concepts significantly associated with COVID-19. We identified symptoms associated with increasing risk of COVID-19, including "absent sense of smell" (odds ratio OR] = 4.97, 95% confidence interval CI] = 3.21-7.50), "fever" (OR = 1.43, 95% CI = 1.28-1.59), "with cough fever" (OR = 2.29, 95% CI = 1.75-2.96), and "ageusia" (OR = 5.18, 95% CI = 3.02-8.58). Using ConceptWAS, we were able to detect loss sense of smell or taste three weeks prior to their inclusion as symptoms of the disease by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
Context contribution to the intermolecular recognition of human ACE2-derived peptides by SARS-CoV-2 spike protein: implications for improving the peptide affinity but not altering the peptide specificity by optimizing indirect readout	Zhou,  P,  Wang, et al	Mol Omics	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	Disrupting the intermolecular association of SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein (S protein) with its cell surface receptor human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE2) has been recognized as a promising therapeutic strategy against COVID-19. We demonstrate that the protein context of full-length hACE plays an essential role in supporting the hACE2 α1-helix recognition by viral S protein. Energetic analysis reveals that the α1-helical peptide (αHP) and also the two-helix bundle peptide (tBP) cannot bind effectively to S protein when they are split from the hACE protein.
The effect of nationwide quarantine on anxiety levels during the COVID-19 outbreak in China	Zhu,  J,  Su, et al	Brain Behav	Mental Health | santé mentale	In this study, we performed an online survey to evaluate the psychological effects of quarantine using the Zung Self‐rating Anxiety Scale in February 2020 when the outbreak had nearly peaked in China.  Clinically significant anxiety symptoms were observed in 9.58% of respondents according to clinical diagnostic standards in China. The specific groups of people showing higher levels of anxiety were (a) adolescents (<18 years); (b) respondents with education lower than junior high school; (c) people with chronic diseases; and (d) frontline medical personnel. Respondents who experienced different forms of quarantine showed different anxiety levels. People undergoing centralized quarantine have higher levels of anxiety. Unexpectedly, longer durations of quarantine did not lead to a significant increase in anxiety level.
Lockdown strategies adopted by the zimbabwean government to avert the spread of covid-19: Media responses, challenges and opportunities	Zirima,  H,  Nyambuya, et al	African Renaissance	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study focused on how the Zimbabwean citizens responded to the government's COVID-19 response and the opportunities arising from the various interventions. We adopted a qualitative approach to analyse thirty-four (n=34) tweets responding to government strategies to contain the spread of COVID-19. The study found a lack of confidence in the mechanisms devised by the government, considering the socio-economic context of hyper-inflation and a severely incapacitated public health system. The dominant sentiment pointed to a lax in the response by the government, jeorpardising chances of containing the pandemic. Most people argued that more resources should have been allocated towards fighting COVID-19. The radical decision to declare a 21-day lockdown was received with mixed feelings. Most people criticised the lockdown for failing to consider the status-quo where majority of Zimbabweans survive from hand to mouth due to the informal nature of the economy. However, some people acknowledged the merit of putting the country in lockdown mode. The tweets re-iterated the need to forge strong and well-coordinated public-private partnerships to generate the much-needed resources to fight COVID-19, given that substantial financial and material support was availed to the government through individuals and the private sector.
Recent Patents and Advances on Nanotechnologies against Coronavirus	Abedini-Nassab,  R,  Mahdaviyan, et al	Recent Pat Nanotechnol	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Random Effects Meta-Analysis of COVID-19/S. Aureus Partnership in Co-Infection	Adeiza,  Shuaibu Suleiman,  Shuaibu Bello, et al	SSRN- Lancet prepublication	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	MA:searched electronic databases and bibliography of pertinent papers for articles. Conclusions: The pooled rates of S. aureus among COVID-19 patients documented in this study supports the apprehensiveness of clinicians concerning the extent of the bacteria in co-infections. Improved antibiotic stewardship can be accomplished through rapid diagnosis by longitudinal sampling of patients
COVID-19 and maintenance hemodialysis: a systematic scoping review of practice guidelines	Akbarialiabad,  H,  Kavousi, et al	BMC Nephrol	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	ScR: performed a multi-step systematic search of the literature in the English language in Pubmed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science published from December 1, 2019, to May 13, 2020. CONCLUSIONS: most of the articles are based on single-center experience, which spontaneously developed best practices. Many of these practices have formed the basis for policies and guidelines that will guide future prevention of infection and management of patients with End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) and COVID-19.
Analysis of Scientific Publications During the Early Phase of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Topic Modeling Study	Älgå,  A,  Eriksson, et al	J Med Internet Res	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Antiviral and Immunomodulatory Effects of Phytochemicals from Honey against COVID-19: Potential Mechanisms of Action and Future Directions	Al-Hatamleh,  M,  Hatmal, et al	Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Man-Specific, GalNAc/T/Tn-Specific and Neu5Ac-Specific Seaweed Lectins as Glycan Probes for the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Coronavirus	Barre,  A,  Damme, et al	Marine drugs	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Nano-based antiviral coatings to combat viral infections	Basak,  S,  Packirisamy, et al	Nano-Structures and Nano-Objects	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
COVID-19 case management: The policy model in Morocco context	Bennis,  Issam	medRxiv	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Current Evidence of 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Ocular Transmission: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis	Cao,  K,  Kline, et al	BioMed research international	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	SR-MA: comprehensive literature search was done based on PubMed, Embase, MedRxiv, and the Cochrane Library. The evidence on the positive rate of conjunctival swab samples and the prevalence rates of ocular symptoms indicated that COVID-19 ocular transmission was possible but less likely.
Characterizing and Managing Pediatric SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Learning about the Virus in a Global Classroom	Cardenas,  MC,  Bustos, et al	Acta Paediatr	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Analgesia and sedation in patients with ARDS	Chanques,  G,  Constantin, et al	Intensive Care Med	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Application of gaseous ClO2 on disinfection and air pollution control: A mini review	Chen,  TL,  Chen, et al	Aerosol and Air Quality Research	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Neuroimaging findings of brain MRI and CT in patients with COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis	Choi,  Y,  Lee, et al	European Journal of Radiology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	SR-MA: PubMed-MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched for original articles reporting imaging findings of the brain in adult patients with COVID-19 between January 1, 2020 and October 9, 2020. Considerable incidences of abnormal neuroimaging findings have been reported in patients with COVID-19. Acute to subacute cerebral infarction was the most prevalent neuroimaging finding.
Flu Vaccinations in Pharmacies-A Review of Pharmacists Fighting Pandemics and Infectious Diseases	Czech,  M,  Balcerzak, et al	International journal of environmental research and public health	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Telehealth in the rehabilitation of female pelvic floor dysfunction: a systematic literature review	da Mata,  KRU,  Costa, et al	Int Urogynecol J	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	SR: review was carried out in May 2020 in the databases: Embase, Medline/PubMed, LILACS and PEDro. Telehealth promoted a significant improvement in urinary symptoms, PFM function and quality of life. Telehealth is still emerging, and more studies are needed to draw more conclusions.
Strengthening collaborations at the public health system-academic interface: a call to action	Di Ruggiero,  E,  Papadopoulos, et al	Can J Public Health	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Impact of COVID-19 on polio vaccination in Pakistan: a concise overview	Din,  M,  Ali, et al	Rev Med Virol	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Race to arsenal COVID-19 therapeutics: Current alarming status and future directions	Dubey,  AK,  Singh, et al	Chemico-biological interactions	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis of laboratory findings, comorbidities, and clinical outcomes comparing medical staff versus the general population	Ebrahimi,  M,  Malehi, et al	Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	SR-MA:  Electronic databases were searched up to 23rd March, 2020. In the symptomatic stage, the lymphocyte and platelet counts tended to decrease. Elevated D-dimer fibrin degradation product was associated with poor prognosis.
COVID-19: TOPICAL ISSUES OF CLINIC ACTIVITIES DURING A PANDEMIC	Fartushok,  T	Georgian medical news	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Basal-like Progenitor Cells: A Review of Dysplastic Alveolar Regeneration and Remodeling in Lung Repair	Fernanda de Mello Costa,  M,  Weiner, et al	Stem Cell Reports	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Facing post COVID-19 era, what is really important for Ecuadorian SMEs?	García-Vidal,  G,  Guzmán-Vilar, et al	International Journal of Engineering Business Management	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Immune Mechanisms in Cardiovascular Diseases Associated With Viral Infection	Gopal,  R,  Marinelli, et al	Frontiers in Immunology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Mesenchymal stromal cells for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), sepsis and COVID 19 infection: optimising the therapeutic potential	Gorman,  E,  Millar, et al	Expert Rev Respir Med	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
#cloud2class: The disruption and reorganization of educational resources with social media	Greenhow,  C,  Galvin, et al	American Journal of Education	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Responses of international central banks to the covid-19 crisis	Haas,  J,  Neely, et al	Federal Reserve Bank of St.Louis Review	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
COVID-19 and congenital heart disease: an insight of pathophysiology and associated risks	Haiduc,  AA,  Ogunjimi, et al	Cardiol Young	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	SR:  search was performed on EMBASE, Medline, Scopus, and Global Health. This systematic review suggests that CHD may increase the risk of poor outcomes for those with COVID-19, but also highlights the necessity for more research with larger sample sizes in order to make a more justified conclusion, as the majority of papers that were analysed were case series and case reports.
Innate Immunity and Influenza A Virus Pathogenesis: Lessons for COVID-19	Hartshorn,  KL	Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
ACTIVating Resources for the COVID-19 Pandemic: In Vivo Models for Vaccines and Therapeutics	Hewitt,  JA,  Lutz, et al	Cell Host and Microbe	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
COVID-19 – Present Treatments and Other Options	Islam,  Saif	SSRN- Lancet prepublication	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Serological antibody testing in the COVID-19 pandemic: their molecular basis and applications	Jiang,  JC,  Zhang, et al	Biochem Soc Trans	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Salus populi suprema lex	Juste,  OF	Revista de Bioetica y Derecho	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Emerging Mechanisms of Pulmonary Vasoconstriction in SARS-CoV-2-Induced Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) and Potential Therapeutic Targets	Karmouty-Quintana,  H,  Thandavarayan, et al	International journal of molecular sciences	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
The Internet of Things: Impact and Implications for Health Care Delivery	Kelly,  JT,  Campbell, et al	J Med Internet Res	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Toward Preparing a Knowledge Base to Explore Potential Drugs and Biomedical Entities Related to COVID-19: Automated Computational Approach	Khan,  JY,  Khondaker, et al	JMIR Med Inform	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Natural compounds as inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 endocytosis: A promising approach against COVID-19	Kiani,  AK,  Dhuli, et al	Acta Biomed	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Education, scholarship, academic, and public services during and after corona crisis	Kranjcevic,  N,  Rodriguez, et al	Donald School Journal of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
COVID-19 emergency management activities promoted by an university hospital in Northern Italy	Lago,  P,  Albano, et al	Giornale italiano di medicina del lavoro ed ergonomia	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Do proton pump inhibitors influence SARS-CoV-2 related outcomes? A meta-analysis	Li,  GF,  An, et al	Gut	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	MA:  this meta-analysis shows that regional differences can explain the heterogeneous findings concerning the association between current PPI use and incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection and further underscores the increased risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes associated with current PPI use, highlighting that caution should be exercised when treating patients receiving PPIs during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Risk factors and prognosis for COVID-19-induced acute kidney injury: a meta-analysis	Lin,  L,  Wang, et al	BMJ Open	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	MA: PubMed, Embase, CNKI and MedRxiv of Systematic Reviews from 1 January 2020 to 15 May 2020.  AKI was a common and serious complication of COVID-19. Older age and having severe COVID-19 were independent risk factors for AKI. The risk of in-hospital death was significantly increased in patients with COVID-19 complicated by AKI.
SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Development: An Overview and Perspectives	Liu,  Y,  Wang, et al	ACS Pharmacology and Translational Science	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Ecotoxicological effects of disinfected wastewater effluents: A short review of: In vivo toxicity bioassays on aquatic organisms	Luan,  X,  Liu, et al	Environmental Science: Water Research and Technology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Effects of COVID-19 related restrictive measures on parents of children with developmental difficulties	Lučić,  L,  Brkljačić, et al	Journal of Children's Services	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Perioperative Mortality and Complications in Patients with COVID-19 Undergoing Surgery: A Meta-Regression and Meta-Analysis of 8 Cohort Studies	Ma,  Hai ping,  Guo, et al	SSRN- Lancet prepublication	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	MA: searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Wan Fang database, date from December 2019 to July 2020.
Optimizing clinical research procedures in public health emergencies	Madariaga,  A,  Kasherman, et al	Med Res Rev	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
The Impact of COVID-19 Infection and Enforced Prolonged Social Isolation on Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Older Adults With and Without Dementia: A Review	Manca,  R,  De Marco, et al	Frontiers in Psychiatry	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Quantifying and reporting cardiac findings in imaging of COVID-19 patients	Mishra,  AK,  Lal, et al	Monaldi Arch Chest Dis	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Potential role of viral metagenomics as a surveillance tool for the early detection of emerging novel pathogens	Mohsin,  H,  Asif, et al	Arch Microbiol	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
The review of histopathological pulmonary findings of covid-19: What we learned from postmortem biopsy and autopsies; beyond the horizon	Ozmen,  SA,  Ceylan, et al	Eurasian Journal of Medicine	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Neurological manifestations of Coronavirus Infections: Role of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 in COVID-19	Parsamanesh,  N,  Pezeshgi, et al	Int J Neurosci	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
The actual threat of COVID-19	Płusa,  T	Polski merkuriusz lekarski : organ Polskiego Towarzystwa Lekarskiego	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Personality Disorders in Time of Pandemic	Preti,  E,  Di Pierro, et al	Curr Psychiatry Rep	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
The Need for Digital Health Solutions in Deep Brain Stimulation for Parkinson's Disease in the Time of COVID-19 and Beyond	Rammo,  R,  Gostkowski, et al	Neuromodulation	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
The management of scarce life supports in pandemic contexts. Reflections on the application of triage within the COVID-19 framework	Romeo Casabona,  CM,  Mora, et al	Revista de Bioetica y Derecho	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
The impact of SARS-CoV-2 on the mental health of healthcare workers in a hospital setting-A Systematic Review	Sanghera,  J,  Pattani, et al	Journal of occupational health	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	SR:  review was performed between 31st December 2019 and 17th June 2020 through Ovid Medline and Embase databases.  The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has significantly impacted the mental health of HCWs. Frontline staff demonstrate worse mental health outcomes. Hospitals should be staffed to meet service provision requirements and to mitigate the impact onmental health.
Impact of Social Media and Virtual Learning on Cardiology During the COVID-19 Pandemic Era and Beyond	Senapati,  A,  Khan, et al	Methodist DeBakey cardiovascular journal	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Therapeutic use of convalescent plasma in COVID-19 patients with immunodeficiency: A systematic review	Senefeld,  Jonathon,  Klassen, et al	medRxiv	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	SR
Recommendations for the management of patients with systemic rheumatic diseases during the coronavirus disease pandemic	Seo,  MR,  Kim, et al	Korean Journal of Internal Medicine	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Ångström-and nano-scale pore-based nucleic acid sequencing of current and emergent pathogens	Shepherd,  BA,  Tanjil, et al	MRS Advances	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Sensors and Analytical Technologies for Air Quality: Particulate Matters and Bioaerosols	Su,  X,  Sutarlie, et al	Chem Asian J	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Choices of sofia and the pandemic of COVID-19 in Brazil: Bioethical reflections	Torres,  A,  Araújo Félix, et al	Revista de Bioetica y Derecho	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Digital contact tracing	Trivedi,  A,  Vasisht, et al	Computer Communication Review	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Charlson comorbidity index and a composite of poor outcomes in COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis	Tuty Kuswardhani,  RA,  Henrina, et al	Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research and Reviews	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	SR-MA:  search was performed through several databases, including Pubmed, EuropePMC, EBSCOhost, Proquest, Cochrane library and two preprint servers, search was finalized on July 15, 2020. CCI score should be utilized for risk stratifications of hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
Knowledge, attitude, practice, and associated factors regarding the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic	Wake,  AD	Infection and Drug Resistance	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
The COVID-19 research landscape: Measuring topics and collaborations using scientific literature	Wang,  J,  Hong, et al	Medicine	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Preparation of students and residents of human medicine in the first four months of the Covid-19 pandemic. Implications for a second wave	Wohlfarth,  Benny,  Gloor, et al	Research Square prepub	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Traditional Chinese Medicine as a complementary therapy in combat with COVID-19 - a review of evidence-based research and clinical practice	Wu,  XV,  Dong, et al	J Adv Nurs	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
An Updated Understanding of the Current Emerging Respiratory Infection: COVID-19	Yuan,  H,  Cao, et al	BioMed research international	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Chest CT findings of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A comprehensive meta-analysis of 9907 confirmed patients	Zarifian,  A,  Ghasemi Nour, et al	Clinical imaging	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	MA: review of the literature was performed using PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Google Scholar to retrieve original studies on chest CT findings of patients with confirmed COVID-19, available up to 10 May 2020. The most common CT findings in COVID-19 are GGOs with/without consolidation, reticulations, and air bronchogram, which often involve both lungs with peripheral distribution. However, COVID-19 might present with atypical manifestations or no abnormal findings in chest CT, which deserve clinicians' notice.
COVID-19 Antibody Tests Perform Well in Head-to-Head Comparison	Abbasi,  J	JAMA	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Younger Adults Caught in COVID-19 Crosshairs as Demographics Shift	Abbasi,  J	JAMA	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
A complexity thinking account of the COVID-19 pandemic: Implications for systems-oriented safety management	Abreu Saurin,  T	Safety Science	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Implications of COVID-19 Pandemic on Evolution of Diabetes in Malaria-Endemic African Region	Acquah,  S	Journal of diabetes research	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Letter to the Editor Regarding “Letter to the Editor: Spinal and Neurosurgical Publications During the COVID-19 Era”	Akhaddar,  A,  Akhaddar, et al	World Neurosurgery	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Letter to the Editor: Virtual Residency Training Interviews in the Age of COVID-19 and Beyond	Al Saiegh,  F,  Ghosh, et al	World Neurosurgery	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The Impact of COVID-19 on Children-Parent's Perspective	Al-Balushi,  B,  Essa, et al	International Journal of Nutrition, Pharmacology, Neurological Diseases	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Why does COVID-19 pathology have several clinical forms?	Aliabadi,  F,  Ajami, et al	Bioessays	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 infection and the kidney	Alvarez-Belon,  L,  Sarnowski, et al	British journal of hospital medicine (London, England : 2005)	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
International air traffic and COVID-19 geographical incidence in Brazil	Alves,  JG,  Ferreira Lima, et al	Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Food waste in Italian households during the Covid-19 pandemic: a self-reporting approach	Amicarelli,  V,  Bux, et al	Food Security	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Can strengths-based interventions be used to support the financial wellbeing of tertiary students in financial need during covid-19?	Angus,  R	Journal of the Australian and New Zealand Student Services Association	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
EAES Recommendations for Recovery Plan in Minimally Invasive Surgery Amid COVID-19 Pandemic	Arezzo,  A,  Francis, et al	Surg Endosc	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Covid-19/SARS-CoV-2 -(k)eine polizeiliche Einsatzlage	Arnd,  H,  Brockmann, et al	Kriminalistik	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Emergency Medicine's Role in the Crossroads of Social Revolution and the COVID-19 Pandemic	Arredondo,  A,  Ogedegbe, et al	Acad Emerg Med	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Reducing orthopaedic theatre exposure during the COVID-19 lockdown: does a shift towards virtual reality-based training offer a solution?	Arshad,  A,  Zaveri, et al	Acta Orthop	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
When face-to-face interactions become an occupational hazard: Jobs in the time of COVID-19	Avdiu,  B,  Nayyar, et al	Economics Letters	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on academic research and being demotivated	Aydemir,  D,  Ulusu, et al	Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
PMC7577919; Combating COVID 19 in a public sector hospital in Pakistan	Ayyaz,  M,  Chima, et al	Ann Med Surg (Lond)	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
PMC7519715; Use of lung ultrasound for COVID-19 in the intensive care unit	Aziz,  R,  Kaminstein, et al	BJA Educ	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Shared Resource Laboratory Operations: Changes made during Initial Global COVID-19 Lockdown of 2020	Back,  JB,  Chadick, et al	Cytometry A	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Old ways and new fears bayanihan and covid-19	Bankoff,  G	Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Deaths by COVID-19 in Spain and mortality statistics	Barbería,  E,  Grijalba, et al	Gaceta Sanitaria	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Rupturing the Western concept of wilderness: Restoring human relationships with place and nature	Barker,  LL	Rethinking Wilderness and the Wild: Conflict, Conservation and Co-existence	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on the epidemiology of orthopedics trauma in a region of central italy	Battiato,  C,  Berdini, et al	Injury	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Parkinsonism as a Third Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic?	Beauchamp,  LC,  Finkelstein, et al	Journal of Parkinson's disease	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
PMC7386672; Necessary Heroes and Ethos, from Fighting Nazis to COVID-19	Berger,  M,  Ghadimi, et al	Anesthesiology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Validation of ICD-10 code for identifying children hospitalized with COVID-19	Blatz,  AM,  David, et al	J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Polydatin and its potential protective effect on COVID-19	Bonucci,  M,  Raggi, et al	Clinical Nutrition	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Past as Prologue: The Effects of the COVID-19 Economic Downturn on Medicaid Coverage for Podiatry Services	Brewer,  TW,  Lanese, et al	J Am Podiatr Med Assoc	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Sacrificed: Ontario Healthcare Workers in the Time of COVID-19	Brophy,  JT,  Keith, et al	New Solut	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Domestic violence among the elderly during the COVID-19 pandemic	Calleja-Agius,  J,  Calleja, et al	Revista Espanola de Geriatria y Gerontologia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Reduning injection combined with western medicine for pneumonia: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis	Cao,  C,  Zhen, et al	Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 lessons from the dish: Dissecting CNS manifestations through brain organoids	Caporale,  N,  Testa, et al	EMBO J	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19, Aged Care, Cancer, Medical Research and Mental Health	Carey,  LB	J Relig Health	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 and the challenges of digital surveillance for human rights: Analysis of the app datacovid foreseen in the ministerial order SND/29/2020, of March 27th	Carrasco,  CM,  Ortega Ramírez, et al	Revista de Bioetica y Derecho	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
A vaccine for COVID-19?	Casey,  G	Kai Tiaki Nursing New Zealand	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Incidence of bacterial and fungal bloodstream infections in COVID-19 patients in intensive care: An alarming “collateral effect”	Cataldo,  MA,  Tetaj, et al	Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Differences in terms of presentation and outcomes between patients with lung cancer as opposed to other solid organ cancer after infection with SARS-CoV-2: protocol for a systematic review	Chen,  H,  Shi, et al	BMJ Open	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19: Look to the Future, Learn from the Past	Cheng,  ZJ,  Qu, et al	Viruses	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Facing increased suicide attempts during COVID-19 pandemic lockdown: the experience from the major trauma center in Lombardy, Italy	Chevallard,  G,  Veronese, et al	Minerva Anestesiol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Minimizing infectious spread during fabrication of casts and orthotics for hand fractures in COVID-19 patients	Chia,  D,  Yeo, et al	Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Successful treatment of tocilizumab and ivermectin for a patient with ARDS due to COVID-19	Chuang,  TY,  Tsai, et al	Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Call to Action: Structural Racism as a Fundamental Driver of Health Disparities: A Presidential Advisory From the American Heart Association	Churchwell,  K,  Elkind, et al	Circulation	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Oral signs and symptoms of COVID-19 affected patients: dental practice as prevention method	Cicciù,  M,  Laino, et al	Minerva Stomatol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Long-term follow-up may be useful in coronavirus disease 2019 survivors to prevent chronic complications	Cicco,  S,  Vacca, et al	Infection and Chemotherapy	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Correction: Care for critically ill patients with COVID-19: don't forget the eyes	Clough,  N,  Pringle, et al	Eye (Lond)	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The loneliness of COVID-19 patients at the end of their lives	Consuegra-Fernández,  M,  Fernández-Trujillo, et al	Revista de Bioetica y Derecho	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 risk tools should incorporate assessment of working environment risk and its mitigation	Cook,  TM,  El-Boghdadly, et al	EClinicalMedicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Is there a role for cough suppression techniques in the COVID-19 era?	Cribben,  N,  Nita, et al	Anaesthesia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Remote SRL Staff and User Training in a Global Pandemic	Daniels,  K,  Conway, et al	Cytometry A	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Is a COPD patient protected against SARS-CoV-2 virus?	Daubin,  C,  Justet, et al	Medecine et Maladies Infectieuses	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The changing industrial environment of COVID-19	Davies,  D	Kai Tiaki Nursing New Zealand	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Contact dermatitis due to masks and respirators during COVID-19 pandemic: what we should know and what we should do	Di Altobrando,  A,  La Placa, et al	Dermatol Ther	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Breast reconstruction and the COVID-19 pandemic: Adapting practice	Di Pace,  B,  Benson, et al	Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Artificial intelligence and big data as solutions to COVID-19	Díaz,  JM	Revista de Bioetica y Derecho	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Benefits and barriers to increasing regional anesthesia in resource-limited settings	Dohlman,  LE,  Kwikiriza, et al	Local and Regional Anesthesia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Re: “Strategy for the practice of digestive and oncologic surgery in COVID-19 epidemic situation”. As regards the detection of coronavirus in peritoneal fluid	Drissi,  F,  Frey, et al	Journal of Visceral Surgery	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Delayed reemergence of consciousness in survivors of severe COVID-19	Edlow,  BL,  Claassen, et al	Neurocrit Care	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
PMC7644421; Towards pragmatic adaptations: Orthopedic surgery amidst the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic	Ehtesham,  M,  Almas, et al	Ann Med Surg (Lond)	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Science and public service during a pandemic: Reflections from the scientists of the Philippine government’s COVID-19 surveillance platform	Estuar,  MRJE,  Uyheng, et al	Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 and violence: a research call to action	Evans,  DP	BMC Womens Health	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Palliative care in the emergency department during a COVID-19 pandemic	Eygnor,  JK,  Rosenau, et al	American Journal of Emergency Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Nanobodies: an unexplored opportunity to combat COVID-19	Ezzikouri,  S,  Nourlil, et al	J Biomol Struct Dyn	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Impact of COVID-19: University Students' Perspective	Fernandes,  AJ	International Journal of Nutrition, Pharmacology, Neurological Diseases	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Cancer treatment delays caused by the COVID-19 pandemic may not hinder outcomes	Fillon,  M	CA Cancer J Clin	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Parental access to neonatal intensive care units in times of pandemic	Flores,  JJ,  Maestre, et al	Revista de Bioetica y Derecho	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The law of regression to the tail: How to survive Covid-19, the climate crisis, and other disasters	Flyvbjerg,  B	Environmental Science and Policy	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Leveraging the COVID-19 response to end preventable child deaths from pneumonia	Fore,  HenriettaH,  Ghebreyesus, et al	The Lancet	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Errors in Tracing Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Transmission Using a Maximum Likelihood Tree. Comment on "A Snapshot of SARS-CoV-2 Genome Availability up to April 2020 and its Implications: Data Analysis"	Forster,  P,  Forster, et al	JMIR Public Health Surveill	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
British rotary-Wing angels respond to COVID-19 crisis	Frain,  I	Vertiflite	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
AC-DC: Amplification Curve Diagnostics for Covid-19 Group Testing	Gabrys,  Ryan,  Pattabiraman, et al	arXiv	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Care and solidarity in the time of covid-19 the pandemic experiences of filipinos in the UK	Galam,  R	Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19, transfusion, and publishing ethics	Garraud,  O	Transfusion Clinique et Biologique	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Offsite Construction for Emergencies: A focus on Isolation Space Creation (ISC) measures for the COVID-19 pandemic	Gbadamosi,  AQ,  Oyedele, et al	Progress in Disaster Science	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Winter is coming: care of the febrile children in the time of COVID-19	Gerber,  N,  Farkas, et al	World J Pediatr	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Virological cure, clinical efficacy and safety of Remdesivir supplementation against SARS-CoV 2 infection; evidence from human studies	Ghazvini,  K,  Keikha, et al	Pharmacien Hospitalier et Clinicien	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
In systemic sclerosis patients the anxiety disorder and Raynaud's phenomenon are increased during lock down period for COVID-19 pandemic	Gigante,  A,  Villa, et al	Intern Emerg Med	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 pneumonia and the appropriate use of antibiotics	Ginsburg,  Amy Sarah,  Klugman, et al	The Lancet Global Health	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Management of oral health care in the time of COVID-19	Gispert Abreu,  EÁ,  Chaple Gil, et al	Revista cubana de estomatologia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
At the Heart of the Pandemic:: Nursing Peer Support	Godfrey,  KM,  Scott, et al	Nurse Leader	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The right to personal data protection, digital technologies and the pandemic for COVID-19 in Colombia	Gómez-Córdoba,  A,  Arévalo-Leal, et al	Revista de Bioetica y Derecho	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Procesos de COVID-19 en ecuador: Cuando la distopía se convierte en realidad	González,  AL,  Gutiérrez, et al	Revista Venezolana de Gerencia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Animal bioethics as a response to dystopian cartesianism	González,  GY	Revista de Bioetica y Derecho	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The future of cancer screening after COVID-19 may be at home	Gorin,  SNS,  Jimbo, et al	Cancer	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
[SICOVID: a cantonal COVID information system for public health decision-making]	Gossin,  M,  Walther, et al	Rev Med Suisse	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The Great Coronavirus Pandemic of 2020-7 Critical Lessons	Gostin,  LO	JAMA	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Protecting asthmatics from covid-19	Green,  RJ,  Van Bruwaene, et al	Current Allergy and Clinical Immunology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Accelerated Preclinical Paths to Support Rapid Development of COVID-19 Therapeutics	Grobler,  JA,  Anderson, et al	Cell Host and Microbe	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Pandemic, Quarantine, and Psychological Time	Grondin,  S,  Mendoza-Duran, et al	Frontiers in Psychology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The other possible mechanism of the benefits of RAAS inhibition in the athogenesis of COVID-19	Gupta,  N,  Patel, et al	Clin Cardiol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Reply to Scott et al., “Safety concerns for facial topography customized 3D-printed N95 filtering face-piece respirator produced for the COVID-19 pandemic: initial step is respiratory fit testing”	Haers,  PE,  Swennen, et al	International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
High fresh gas flow during non-inhalational anaesthesia during the COVID-19 pandemic. Comment on Br J Anaesth 2020; 125: 773-778	Hall,  A,  Chakladar, et al	British journal of anaesthesia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Proton pump inhibitor use is associated with increased risk of severity and mortality from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection	Hariyanto,  TI,  Prasetya, et al	Digestive and Liver Disease	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Rapidly Deployable Mouse Models of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Add Flexibility to the COVID-19 Toolbox	Harker,  JA,  Johansson, et al	Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Airborne spread of SARS-CoV-2 while using high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy: myth or reality?	Haymet,  A,  Bassi, et al	Intensive Care Med	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Antihypertensive drugs and COVID-19	Henry,  D	Heart	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Adolescent mental health, COVID-19, and the value of school-community partnerships	Hertz,  MF,  Barrios, et al	Inj Prev	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
It’s time for fiscal policy: Rethinking automatic stabilizers against the pandemic	Hidalgo,  EC,  Moruno, et al	Revista de Economia Mundial	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The application of the whirlpool of grief to support experiences of loss in light of the covid-19 pandemic	Higson,  H,  Price, et al	Clinical Psychology Forum	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Impact of COVID-19 on the GHG emissions of the Peruvian Interconnected Electrical System	Hilares,  K,  Vargas, et al		Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Canada's response to COVID-19 for Indigenous Peoples: a way forward?	Hillier,  SA,  Chaccour, et al	Can J Public Health	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Looking back: A vertical retrospective of COVID-19	Hirschberg,  M	Vertiflite	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Student recruitment and engagement in the covid-19 era	Hisel,  JD,  Pinion, et al	Journal of environmental health	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
[Treatment of patients with head and neck cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic]	Hoffmann,  TK,  Greve, et al	HNO	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Letter to the Editor: “Beyond Containment: Tracking the Impact of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) on Neurosurgery Services in Iraq”	Hoz,  SS,  Al-Sharshahi, et al	World Neurosurgery	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Covid-19: GPs to get £12.58 per dose to deliver vaccine from December	Iacobucci,  G	BMJ	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Brain donation in the era of COVID 19: challenges to the harvest in the face of a pandemic	Iglesias-Hernandez,  D,  Radler, et al	Cell Tissue Bank	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19, seasonal influenza and measles: potential triple burden and the role of flu and MMR vaccines	Islam,  N,  Khunti, et al	J R Soc Med	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Patient and public involvement prior to trial initiation: lessons learnt for rapid partnership in the COVID-19 era	Jamal,  Zahra,  Perkins, et al	Research Square prepub	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Thiopental as substitute therapy for critically ill patients with COVID-19 requiring mechanical ventilation and prolonged sedation	Jean-Michel,  V,  Caulier, et al	Medicina Intensiva	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The problem with risk	Jones,  D	New Scientist	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Response to Comment on Considering the Effects of Microbiome and Diet on SARS-CoV-2 Infection	Kalantar-Zadeh,  K	ACS nano	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Does asthma affect outcomes of patients with COVID-19 infections?	Kalemci,  S,  Sarıhan, et al	Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Containing COVID-19 Through Contact Tracing : A Local Health Agency Approach	Kalyanaraman,  N,  Fraser, et al	Public Health Rep	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Stress and Fear: Clinical Implications for Providers and Patients (in the Time of COVID-19 and Beyond)	Karnatovskaia,  LV,  Johnson, et al	Mayo Clinic proceedings	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
2019 tabletop exercise for laboratory diagnosis and analyses of unknown disease outbreaks by the korea centers for disease control and prevention	Kim,  IH,  Jang, et al	Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Therapy for Early COVID-19: A Critical Need	Kim,  PS,  Read, et al	JAMA	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Strategical preparedness and response actions in the healthcare system against coronavirus disease 2019 according to transmission scenario in Korea	Kim,  T,  Choi, et al	Infection and Chemotherapy	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Machine learning of emerging markets in pandemic times	Kiv,  A,  Hryhoruk, et al		Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-KOP: Integrating Emerging COVID-19 Data with the ROBOKOP Database	Korn,  D,  Bobrowski, et al	Bioinformatics	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Complex systems models for causal inference in social epidemiology	Kouser,  HN,  Barnard-Mayers, et al	J Epidemiol Community Health	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Azithromycin in patients with COVID-19: Friend or foe?	Kow,  CS,  Hasan, et al	Clinical Microbiology and Infection	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Neurohormonal treatment in tako-tsubo cardiomyopathy precipitated by COVID-19	Kow,  CS,  Hasan, et al	Revista espanola de cardiologia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Flere sykehjemspasienter med covid-19 bør behandles på sykehus	Kristoffersen,  A	Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 Deaths Among US Clinicians	Kuehn,  BM	JAMA	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 Poses Pregnancy Risks	Kuehn,  BM	JAMA	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Coronavirus disease-2019 or the end of a happy globalization	Kurjak,  A,  Stanojevic, et al	Donald School Journal of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Where to make a difference: research and the social determinants in pediatrics and child health in the COVID-19 era	Lachman,  P	Pediatr Res	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Re: ‘Effect of hydroxychloroquine with or without azithromycin on the mortality of COVID-19 patients’ by Fiolet et al	Lacout,  A,  Marcy, et al	Clinical Microbiology and Infection	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Digital health innovation to integrate palliative care during the COVID-19 pandemic	Lai,  L,  Sato, et al	American Journal of Emergency Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Food-derived antioxidants and COVID-19	Lammi,  C,  Arnoldi, et al	J Food Biochem	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
In patients hospitalized for COVID-19, does dexamethasone reduce 28-days mortality compared to standard treatment?	Lanthier,  L,  Mayette, et al	Revue de Medecine Interne	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
In Reply to the Letter to the Editor Regarding “‘Staying Home’—Early Changes in Patterns of Neurotrauma in New York City During the COVID-19 Pandemic”	Lara-Reyna,  J,  Yaeger, et al	World Neurosurgery	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Challenging world leaders amid medical populism	Lasco,  Gideon	The Lancet	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Managing Radiation Dose from Chest CT in COVID-19 Patients	Lee,  C	Radiology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Challenging issues caused by COVID-19 - A window of opportunity to make our health system healthier	Lee,  JK	Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
What is the Role of OBGYN Residents during COVID-19 Pandemics?	Leite,  DFB,  Maranhão, et al	Revista brasileira de ginecologia e obstetricia : revista da Federacao Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e Obstetricia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Mechanical ventilation in early COVID-19 ARDS	Lepper,  PM,  Muellenbach, et al	EClinicalMedicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Surging publications on the COVID-19 pandemic	Li,  G,  Zhou, et al	Clinical Microbiology and Infection	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Re: ‘Readability of online patient education material for the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19): a cross-sectional health literacy study’	Lim,  ST,  Kelly, et al	Public health	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The international sharing of personal data concerning health in times of the COVID-19: Ethical and legal issues for the impulse of a necessary cooperation	Linares,  MR	Revista de Bioetica y Derecho	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Rettelse: Langvarig syk etter covid-19	Lindholm,  E,  Tønnessen, et al	Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 Is Not the Only Threat We Face: Emergency Management in the Time of Pandemic	Little,  RG	Public Works Management and Policy	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Introduction: Southeast asia and the belt and road initiative: The political economy of regionalism, trade, and infrastructure	Liu,  H,  Tan, et al	Singapore Economic Review	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Overcoming the legacy of marketisation: China's response to COVID-19 and the fast-forward of healthcare reorganisation	Liu,  Z,  Kirkpatrick, et al	BMJ Leader	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Proposal for the elaboration of a triage guideline in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic	López,  ER,  Abal, et al	Revista de Bioetica y Derecho	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Letter to the Editor: ”Role of the Neurosurgeon in Times of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): The Importance of Focus in Critical Care”	Lozada-Martínez,  I,  Bolaño-Romero, et al	World Neurosurgery	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Letter to the Editor: ‘Medical Education in Times of COVID-19: What's New in Neurosurgery?'	Lozada-Martínez,  I,  Bolaño-Romero, et al	World Neurosurgery	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19: Further evidence of no transfusion transmission	Luzzi,  JR,  Navarro, et al	Transfusion and Apheresis Science	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Big data and simple models used to track the spread of COVID-19 in cities	Ma,  KC,  Lipsitch, et al	Nature	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
A Comment on 'Modeling COVID-19 Scenarios for the United States'	Magness,  Phillip	SSRN- Lancet prepublication	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Patient positioning under anesthesia during COVID-19 pandemic –Foresight risks to prepare, plan and execute	Mahendru,  K,  Kumar, et al	Trends in Anaesthesia and Critical Care	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
An Acoustic Modem App as a Remote Teaching Resource	Maldonado,  J,  Revollo, et al		Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Covid-19 and in situ pulmonary artery thrombosis	Mandal,  AKJ,  Kho, et al	Respiratory medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Vasculitis and aortitis: COVID-19 challenging complications	Manenti,  A,  Farinetti, et al	Journal of Vascular Surgery	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
En tiempos del COVID-19: Pandemia e infodemia	Marangoni,  AA	Revista Argentina de Radiologia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 as experimental psychopathy	Marcos Fernández,  MÁ	Archivos de la Sociedad Espanola de Oftalmologia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Recommendation of physical exercise at home in a COVID-19 pandemic period	Masiá Mondéjar,  MD,  Heredia Elvar, et al	Revista espanola de cardiologia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
[Odontología en entorno COVID-19. Adaptación de las Unidades de Salud Bucodental en los centros de salud de la Comunidad de Madrid.]	Mateos Moreno,  MV,  Lenguas Silva, et al	Rev Esp Salud Publica	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Covid-19 and its impact on immunization programs: reflections from Brazil	Matos,  Ccsa,  Barbieri, et al	Rev Saude Publica	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Strategies for preventing sudden unexpected COVID-19 deaths at home	Matsuyama,  T	Resuscitation	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Authors' Reply to: Errors in Tracing Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Transmission Using a Maximum Likelihood Tree. Comment on "A Snapshot of SARS-CoV-2 Genome Availability up to April 2020 and its Implications: Data Analysis"	Mavian,  C,  Marini, et al	JMIR Public Health Surveill	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Essential Work and Emergency Childcare: Identifying Gender Differences in COVID-19 Effects on Labour Demand and Supply	Meekes,  Jordy,  Hassink, et al	SSRN- Lancet prepublication	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19, thromboembolic risk, and Virchow's triad: Lesson from the past	Mehta,  JL,  Calcaterra, et al	Clin Cardiol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Influenza vaccination and interruption of methotrexate in adult patients in the COVID-19 era: an ongoing dilemma	Mehta,  Puja,  Sanchez, et al	The Lancet Rheumatology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on the start of prescriptions	Mendizabal Olaizola,  A,  Valverde Bilbao, et al	Journal of Healthcare Quality Research	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Is Timing of Tracheotomy a Factor Influencing the Clinical Course in COVID-19 Patients?	Mesolella,  M	Ear Nose Throat J	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Emergency seed funding for COVID-19 research: lessons from Johns Hopkins University	Messersmith,  J,  Stoddart-Osumah, et al	J Clin Invest	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
SARS-CoV-2 in the U.S. Military - Lessons for Civil Society	Michael,  NL	N Engl J Med	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Home hemodialysis during the COVID-19 epidemic: comment on the French experience from the viewpoint of a French home hemodialysis care network	Michel,  PA,  Piccoli, et al	J Nephrol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Pandemics, zoonoses and wildlife trade	Millán,  GO	Revista de Bioetica y Derecho	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Re: ‘Effect of hydroxychloroquine with or without azithromycin on the mortality of COVID-19 patients’ by Fiolet et al	Million,  M,  Roussel, et al	Clinical Microbiology and Infection	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Ensuring EOR continuity during low oil price periods	Mogollón,  JL		Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Considerations on ICU triage ethics during the COVID-19 pandemic	Monzón Marín,  JL,  Couceiro Vidal, et al	Medicina Intensiva	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The COVID-19 as global risk	Monzón,  JM	Revista de Bioetica y Derecho	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Emprendimiento global: Una visión en tiempos de Covid-19	Morán,  D,  Carlos, et al	Revista Venezolana de Gerencia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Correction to: Silent hypoxia: higher NO in red blood cells of COVID-19 patients	Mortaz,  E,  Malkmohammad, et al	BMC Pulm Med	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Research during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic	Muñoz de Nova,  JL,  Ortega-Gómez, et al	Medicina clinica	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 Impact on Health, Social & Economy	Muthuraman,  S,  Al Haziazi, et al	International Journal of Nutrition, Pharmacology, Neurological Diseases	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Strategies to reduce the anxiety and depression of nurses in the special wards of COVID-19	Naeim,  M,  Rezaeisharif, et al	Archives of Psychiatric Nursing	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Double-Barreled CRISPR Technology as a Novel Treatment Strategy for COVID-19	Nalawansha,  DA,  Samarasinghe, et al	ACS Pharmacology and Translational Science	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Technical guidelines for seasonal influenza vaccination in China (2020-2021)	National Immunization Advisory Committee Technical Working,  Group	Zhonghua yu fang yi xue za zhi Chinese journal of preventive medicine]	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 in Pediatric Long-Term Care: How Infection Control and Prevention Practices Minimized the Impact of the Pandemic on Healthcare Providers and Residents	Neu,  N,  Nee, et al	J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Increased Rat Sightings in Urban Slums During the COVID-19 Pandemic and the Risk for Rat-Borne Zoonoses	Neves Souza,  F,  Awoniyi, et al	Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Timely change and timeless constants: COVID-19 and educational change in Singapore	Ng,  PT	Educational Research for Policy and Practice	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Ethical Issues in the Management of Patients With Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia During COVID-19 Containment: Examples From Institutions in France	Nkodo,  JA,  Camus, et al	American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
An international profession with commonalities and differences: Social work responses to COVID-19 where local is global and vice versa	O’Leary,  P,  Tsui, et al	International Social Work	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Overcoming obstacles in interventional cardiology training during the COVID-19 pandemic	Okutucu,  S,  Cilingiroglu, et al	Catheterization and Cardiovascular Interventions	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Risks of violation of the fundamental rights of people with disabilities in relation to health crises	Ortiz,  MG	Revista de Bioetica y Derecho	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Can creatine help in pulmonary rehabilitation after COVID-19?	Ostojic,  SM	Therapeutic Advances in Respiratory Disease	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Science misuse and polarised political narratives in the COVID-19 response	Paes-Sousa,  R,  Millett, et al	The Lancet	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Fog Disinfector	Pal,  Priyam,  Gupta, et al	SSRN- Lancet prepublication	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The penalty of mobility in manila during periods of public health crises	Pante,  MD	Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
In Reply to the Letter to the Editor Regarding “Coronavirus Neurosurgical/Head and Neck Drape to Prevent Aerosolization of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): The Lenox Hill Hospital/Northwell Health Solution”	Pena,  RCF,  Khatri, et al	World Neurosurgery	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
MERS-CoV in Africa—an enigma with relevance to COVID-19	Perlman,  S,  Zumla, et al	The Lancet Infectious Diseases	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Covid-19 and the Social Responses thereto: Penal and criminological lessons, human rights and rule of law implications	Peršak,  N	European Journal of Crime, Criminal Law and Criminal Justice	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Spa tourism opportunities as strategic sector in aiding recovery from Covid-19: The Spanish model	Pinos Navarrete,  A,  Shaw, et al	Tourism and Hospitality Research	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Advance care planning as a preventive strategy for ethical conflicts in emergencies during and after COVID-19	Poveda-Moral,  S,  Bosch-Alcaraz, et al	Revista de Bioetica y Derecho	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The “wellbeing check-in” service establishing, developing and tailoring a new program to offer a student-centred response to COVID-19	Power,  S,  Hanna, et al	Journal of the Australian and New Zealand Student Services Association	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 Impact-A Physician's Perspective	Prabhakar,  P,  Punnaveetil, et al	International Journal of Nutrition, Pharmacology, Neurological Diseases	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19: the epidemiology and treatment	Qu,  L,  Li, et al	British journal of hospital medicine (London, England : 2005)	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Rethinking basic income, mutual aid, and gender during COVID-19 pandemic in México	Quiroga,  MT	Revista de Bioetica y Derecho	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Lethal Pneumonia Cases in Mojiang Miners (2012) and the Mineshaft Could Provide Important Clues to the Origin of SARS-CoV-2	Rahalkar,  MC,  Bahulikar, et al	Frontiers in Public Health	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Measurement of oxidized albumin: An opportunity for diagnoses or treatment of COVID-19	Rahmani-Kukia,  N,  Abbasi, et al	Bioorganic chemistry	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Letter to the Editor Regarding: “Case Volumes and Perioperative COVID-19 Incidence in Neurosurgical Patients During a Pandemic: Experiences at Two Tertiary Care Centers in Washington, DC”	Raj,  S,  Chouksey, et al	World Neurosurgery	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Letter to the Editor: Home Program for Acquisition and Maintenance of Microsurgical Skills During the COVID-19 Outbreak	Raj,  S,  Mishra, et al	World Neurosurgery	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Remittance arrangements within India and Covid-19: Kerala’s Migrant Construction workers from West Bengal	Reja,  MS,  Das, et al	South Asia Research	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Plastic surgical management of skin cancer patients during the COVID-19 pandemic	Rich,  H,  Jones, et al	Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Response Regarding: “How to Manage Head Injury With COVID-19 Pneumonitis on Mars? Rare but High Impact Complex Medical Emergencies in Space”	Robertson,  J,  Dias, et al	Journal of Surgical Research	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Impact of COVID-19 on pharmaceutical external innovation sourcing	Robke,  L,  Berghauser Pont, et al	Nat Rev Drug Discov	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Control of privacy by health authorities in emergency situations	Rodríguez Ayuso,  JF	Revista de Bioetica y Derecho	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Green investments in the post covid-19 world and debt sustainability: The cases of france, italy and spain	Ruiz,  JR	Revista de Economia Mundial	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Survive the COVID-19. Experiences of confinement in penitentiary centers in mexico city	Salas,  AA	Revista de Bioetica y Derecho	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Practical Guidance for Tracheal Intubation of Patients With COVID-19	Sandefur,  BJ,  Niven, et al	Mayo Clinic proceedings	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Pandemic and vaccine coverage: challenges of returning to schools	Sato,  APS	Rev Saude Publica	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Remote Administration of the MDS-UPDRS in the Time of COVID-19 and Beyond	Schneider,  RB,  Myers, et al	Journal of Parkinson's disease	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The Use of POCUS to Manage ICU Patients With COVID-19	Schrift,  D,  Barron, et al	J Ultrasound Med	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
ACE2: The Major Cell Entry Receptor for SARS-CoV-2	Scialo,  F,  Daniele, et al	Lung	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation during the COVID-19 pandemic: Maintaining provider and patient safety	Sen-Crowe,  B,  Sutherland, et al	American Journal of Emergency Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Novel Outreach Program and Practical Strategies for Patients with Parkinsonism in the COVID-19 Pandemic	Sennott,  B,  Woo, et al	Journal of Parkinson's disease	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
[Issues and challenges related to COVID-19 in acute geriatric care: lessons learned from the Geneva experience]	Serratrice,  C,  Mendes, et al	Rev Med Suisse	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Hemoperfusion as a Potential Treatment for Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients with Cytokine Storm	Shadvar,  K,  Tagizadiyeh, et al	Blood Purif	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Can Fruits and Vegetables be Infected or Contaminated by COVID-19?	Shahid,  MS,  Al-Sadi, et al	International Journal of Nutrition, Pharmacology, Neurological Diseases	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
PMC7499621; A Pediatric Infectious Diseases Perspective of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Children	Shane,  AL,  Sato, et al	J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Trace Element Zinc, a Nature's Gift to Fight Unprecedented Global Pandemic COVID-19	Sharma,  P,  Reddy, et al	Biol Trace Elem Res	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Correspondence on 'prevalence and clinical outcomes of COVID-19 in patients with autoimmune diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis'	Shi,  J,  Gao, et al	Ann Rheum Dis	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
APASL practical recommendations for the management of hepatocellular carcinoma in the era of COVID-19	Shiina,  S,  Gani, et al	Hepatol Int	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Reflections of a COVID-19 Long Hauler	Siegelman,  JN	JAMA	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID 19: sexual vulnerabilities and gender perspectives in Latin America	Silveira Campos,  L,  Brigagão de Oliveira, et al	Health Care Women Int	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Hypocalcemia and hypoalbuminemia during COVID-19 infection: Opportunities for therapeutic intervention	Singh,  VP,  Khatua, et al	Journal of Infection and Public Health	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Cardiac glycosides and COVID-19: Would it be a promising therapeutic approach?	Siniorakis,  E,  Arvanitakis, et al	Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Scientific diplomacy: The role of the scientific in pandemics management	Solorzano,  MV	Revista de Bioetica y Derecho	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Barrier enclosure systems and COVID-19: sealing and suction might not be enough	Sorbello,  M,  Cataldo, et al	Minerva Anestesiol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Endotracheal intubation confirmation in COVID-19 patients: (ultra)sound is better than silence	Sorbello,  M,  Falcetta, et al	Minerva Anestesiol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Data in times of pandemic: The urgency of a new covenant. Reflections from Latin America and the Caribbean	Sorokin,  P,  Sotomayor Saavedra, et al	Revista de Bioetica y Derecho	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Anesthetic Management of Neurosurgery Patients in COVID-19 Pandemic in an Emergency Setting	Srinivasaiah,  B,  Deora, et al	Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
How COVID-19 has affected municipal recycling tonnages	Staub,  C	Resource Recycling	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Republic: COVID-19 brings 'uncontrollable challenges'	Staub,  C	Resource Recycling	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
[Preoperative coronavirus testing in Germany : Experiences with applying the recommendations of the German Society of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery]	Stuck,  BA,  Demmler, et al	HNO	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
NANDA-I, NOC, and NIC linkages to SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19): Part 2. Individual response	Swanson,  E,  Mantovani, et al	Int J Nurs Knowl	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Establishment of a Collection of Blood-Derived Products from COVID-19 Patients for Translational Research: Experience of the LPCE Biobank (Nice, France)	Tanga,  V,  Leroy, et al	Biopreserv Biobank	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Anti-pan-neurofascin IgM in COVID-19-related Guillain-Barré syndrome: Evidence for a nodo-paranodopathy	Tard,  C,  Maurage, et al	Neurophysiologie Clinique	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Contextualizing cardiac dysfunction in critically ill patients with COVID-19	Tavazzi,  G,  Corradi, et al	Minerva Anestesiol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The needs and concerns of clinical educators in radiography education in the face of COVID-19 pandemic	Tay,  YX,  Cai, et al	Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Building relational research capacity in care homes in the COVID-19 era: applying recognition theory to the research agenda	Toms,  G,  Green, et al	Quality in Ageing and Older Adults	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19, tuberculosis and induced mortality	Underner,  M,  Perriot, et al	Revue des maladies respiratoires	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Upskilling the surgical workforce for vascular access provision during the COVID-19 pandemic – The Salisbury experience	Valand,  P,  Curran, et al	Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
SARS-CoV-2: Influence of phosphate and magnesium, moderated by vitamin D, on energy (ATP)-metabolism and on severity of COVID-19	van Kempen,  TA,  Deixler, et al	Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Comment on Considering the Effects of Microbiome and Diet on SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Nanotechnology Roles	Vaziri,  F	ACS nano	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Enhancing the Psychological Well-Being of Frontline Essential Service Providers of COVID-19	Vinayak,  S	Annals of Neurosciences	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Impact of COVID-19 on women and children and the need for a gendered approach in vaccine development	Vora,  KS,  Sundararajan, et al	Hum Vaccin Immunother	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Male balding as a major risk factor for severe COVID-19: A possible role for targeting androgens and transmembrane protease serine 2 to protect vulnerable individuals	Wambier,  CG,  McCoy, et al	Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Social restrictions during COVID-19 and major trauma volume at a level 1 trauma centre	Way,  TL,  Tarrant, et al	Med J Aust	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Telehealth for the cognitively impaired older adult and their caregivers: lessons from a coordinated approach	Weiss,  EF,  Malik, et al	Neurodegener Dis Manag	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Academic Output of the Neurosurgery Profession During the COVID-19 Pandemic	Yaeger,  KA	World Neurosurgery	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19: Experience and development of simulation for training in a London District General Hospital	Zala,  A,  Tang, et al	BMJ Simulation and Technology Enhanced Learning	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Neurobiology of suicide in times of social isolation and loneliness	Zalsman,  G	European Neuropsychopharmacology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Exploration on the safe management of multi-hospital transportation in a large public hospital during the pandemic of 2019-nCoV	Zeng,  L,  Zhao, et al	American Journal of Emergency Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The nervous system—A new territory being explored of SARS-CoV-2	Zhang,  M,  Zhou, et al	Journal of Clinical Neuroscience	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Association of digestive symptoms with severity and mortality of COVID-19: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis	Zhang,  Y,  Ma, et al	Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 in Brazil: the headlines should be about science	Zimerman,  André,  Lopes, et al	The Lancet	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Pulmonary edema in COVID-19: Explained by bradykinin?	Zwaveling,  S,  Gerth van Wijk, et al	Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
ATQAM/MAST 2020 - Proceedings of the Joint Workshop on Aesthetic and Technical Quality Assessment of Multimedia and Media Analytics for Societal Trends			Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Epilogue: Gender, agriculture, and shifting food systems under coronavirus global pandemic		Routledge Handbook of Gender and Agriculture	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Accelerating change how Covid-19 changed the industry		ITNOW	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

Appendix: Process and definitions. 

A daily search for new publications is conducted in PubMed, Scopus, BioRxiv and MedRxiv, SSRN, Research Square, arXiv for all publications related to COVID-19 disease or SARS-CoV-2 using the search terms (COVID-19 OR SARS-CoV-2 OR "novel CoV" OR "novel coronavirus" OR nCoV) adapted to each database.  The capture is cross-referenced with publication announcements on the COVID-19 dashboards set up by a number of publishers and google.  Publishers include Lancet, Elsevier, The New England Journal of Medicine, BMJ, Wiley, Springer Nature, ChinaCDCweekly. Additionally the database is cross-referenced with other literature scans and activities by collaborators.  Members of the Emerging Sciences group examine and shorten the abstract or develop 1 -2 point summaries of each publication. Please email Lisa Waddell for additional information: Lisa.Waddell@canada.ca.  References are compiled in a reworks database that has citations since the beginning of the outbreak.  All references can be accessed at this link and by the categories listed below.  The daily scan has also been compiled in an excel sheet and copies can be provided upon request or accessed here.

Category Definitions:

Modelling/ prediction: Predictive modeling is a process that uses data mining and probability to forecast outcomes. Each model is made up of a number of predictors, which are variables that are likely to influence future results.

Epidemiology: the branch of medicine which deals with the incidence, distribution, and possible control of diseases and other factors relating to health. Includes Ro, attack rates, case number doubling time, case fatality rate, serial interval, clinical attack rate, asymptomatic fraction, proportion of asymptomatic and infective*

Transmission: The passage of a pathogen causing communicable disease from an infected host to an uninfected host via direct or indirect routes.

Clinical data of cases: Includes clinical parameters such as incubation period, latent period, period of communicability, duration of illness, duration of hospitalization, host risk factors, as well as clinical profiles of patients; presenting symptoms, symptoms over course of illness, comorbidities.* 

Long-term Sequelae: Data or Studies that describe the long-term effects of COVID-19 from lingering symptoms to severe conditions that persiste after acute infection has resolved.

Mental Health: All studies on mental health impacts or consequences of the pandemic for both general population and healthcare workers. 

Surveillance: Public health surveillance is the continuous, systematic collection, analysis and interpretation of health-related data.  Surveillance data will likely be number of cases suspected/confirmed, number of deaths, number recovered. *

Coronavirology: All research relating to the virus; its characteristics, genetic make-up, phylogenetic analyses

Diagnostics / Pathogen detection:  All studies on identification of the virus; culture, PCR, antibody/antigen tests etc.

Therapeutics: Studies of substances that may be used to treat infected hosts including passive immunization products.

Vaccine Research:  Studies of vaccine candidates to prevent infection with 2019-nCoV including clinical trials.

Public Health Priorities: These citations will focus on what the current research priorities are and/or where knowledge gaps exist.

Public Health interventions*: Any study evaluating how effective a public health intervention is or maybe (in the case of a predictive model).

Public Health response: Articles in this category include: COVID-19 AND substance abuse, domestic violence, social media analysis, adherence to public health measures and knowledge, attitudes and beliefs studies related to the pandemic.

Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI): Any research on the effectiveness of IPC interventions should also be tagged as IPC

Health care Response: This foci would include a description of activities to deal with 2019-nCoV cases including, but not limited to:  set up of a special emergency multi-disciplinary intensive care team; Bed and medical equipment preparation/ stock piling supplies; Education and training of staff; Early case recognition and classification of disease severity.

Economics: papers discussing/ forecasting the economics of COVID-19 pandemic.

Immunology: the study of the immune system and includes serology studies in conjunction with other foci (e.g. epidemiology or diagnostics)

Animal Model: An animal model is a living, non-human, often genetic-engineered animal used during the research and investigation of human disease, for the purpose of better understanding the disease process without the added risk of harming an actual human.

Zoonotic: all literature discussing the transmission to and from or occurrence of naturally acquired SARS-COV-2 infection in animals.

Review Literature:  All articles that summarize the published literature can be tagged as a review.  This includes systematic review, meta-analysis, scoping review, overviews, umbrella reviews*

Commentary/Editorial: For commentaries, editorials, letters to the editor, other types of opinion pieces where there is no new data collected by the author or analysis conducted by the author, please tag these within the commentary category.

News articles that have not scientific information.

*Lists are not exhaustive

Annexe: Processus et définitions. 

Une recherche quotidienne des nouvelles publications est effectuée dans PubMed, Scopus, BioRxiv and MedRxiv, SSRN, Research Square, arXiv pour toutes les publications relatives à la maladie COVID-19 ou au SRAS-CoV-2 en utilisant les termes de recherche (COVID-19 OU SARS-CoV-2 OU « novel CoV » OU « novel coronavirus » OU nCoV).  La saisie renvoie à des annonces de publication sur les tableaux de bord du nCoV mis en place par un certain nombre d'éditeurs et par Google.  Parmi les éditeurs figurent Lancet, Elsevier, The New England Journal of Medicine, BMJ, Wiley, Springer Nature, ChinaCDCweekly.  En outre, la base de données renvoie à d'autres survols de publications, et à des activités des collaborateurs.  Les membres du groupe scientifique émergent préparent des résumés en 1 ou 2 points de chaque publication. Pour en savoir plus, veuillez envoyer un courriel à Lisa Waddell au : Lisa.Waddell@canada.ca.  Les références sont compilées dans une base de données Refworks qui contient des citations depuis le début de l'épidémie.  Toutes les références sont accessibles à partir de ce lien et par les catégories énumérées ci-dessous. L'analyse quotidienne a également été compilée dans une feuille Excel et des copies peuvent être fournies sur demande ou consultées ici.

Définitions des catégories :

Modélisation / prédiction : La modélisation prédictive est un processus qui utilise l'exploration de données et la probabilité pour prévoir les résultats. Chaque modèle est composé de plusieurs prédicteurs, qui sont des variables susceptibles d'influencer les résultats futurs.

Épidémiologie : Branche de la médecine qui traite de l'incidence, de la répartition et du contrôle éventuel des maladies et d'autres facteurs liés à la santé. Comprend le taux de reproduction de base (Ro), les taux d'attaque, le temps de doublement du nombre de cas, le taux de létalité, l'intervalle sériel, le taux d'attaque clinique, la fraction asymptomatique, la proportion de cas asymptomatiques et infectieux*.

Transmission : Passage d'un agent pathogène causant une maladie transmissible d'un hôte infecté à un hôte non infecté par des voies directes ou indirectes.

Données cliniques des cas : Comprend les paramètres cliniques tels que la période d'incubation, la période de latence, la période de contagiosité, la durée de la maladie, la durée de l'hospitalisation, les facteurs de risque de l'hôte, ainsi que les profils cliniques des patients; les symptômes présentés, les symptômes au cours de la maladie, les séquelles, les comorbidités.* 

Séquelles à long terme: Données ou études décrivant les effets à long terme du COVID-19, des symptômes persistants aux affections graves qui persistent après la résolution de l'infection aiguë.

Santé mentale: Toutes les études sur les impacts ou les conséquences de la pandémie sur la santé mentale tant pour la population générale que pour les travailleurs de la santé.

Surveillance : La surveillance de la santé publique est la collecte, l'analyse et l'interprétation continues et systématiques de données relatives à la santé.  Les données de surveillance concerneront probablement le nombre de cas suspects / confirmés, le nombre de décès, le nombre de personnes guéries. *

Coronavirologie : Toutes les recherches relatives au virus, ses caractéristiques, sa constitution génétique et les analyses phylogénétiques.

Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes : Toutes les études sur l'identification du virus : culture, PCR, tests de dépistage d'anticorps ou d’antigènes, etc.

Thérapeutique : Étude des substances pouvant être utilisées pour traiter les hôtes infectés, y compris les produits d'immunisation passive.

Recherche sur les vaccins : Études des candidats à la vaccination pour prévenir l'infection par le 2019-nCoV, y compris des essais cliniques.

Priorités de santé publique : Ces citations porteront sur les priorités actuelles de recherche et/ou sur les lacunes dans les connaissances.

Interventions de santé publique* : Toute étude évaluant l'efficacité (réelle ou possible) d'une intervention de santé publique (dans le cas d'un modèle prédictif).

Réponse de la santé publique : Les articles de cette catégorie comprennent: COVID-19 ET toxicomanie, violence domestique, analyse des médias sociaux, respect des mesures de santé publique et études sur les connaissances, les attitudes et les croyances liées à la pandémie.

Prévention et contrôle des infections/Infection Prevention and Control (PCI/IPAC) : Les recherches sur l'efficacité des interventions en PCI doivent également être marquées comme PCI.

Réponse des soins de santé : Ce point comprendrait une description des activités pour traiter les cas de 2019-nCoV, notamment :  mise en place d'une équipe multidisciplinaire spéciale de soins intensifs d'urgence; préparation des lits et des équipements médicaux / stockage des fournitures; sensibilisation et formation du personnel; reconnaissance précoce des cas et classification de la gravité de la maladie.

Immunologie : l'étude du système immunitaire et comprend des études sérologiques en conjonction avec d'autres foyers (p. ex. épidémiologie ou diagnostic)

Modèle animal: Un modèle animal est un animal vivant, non humain, souvent génétiquement modifié, utilisé lors de la recherche et de l'investigation des maladies humaines, dans le but de mieux comprendre le processus de la maladie sans risque supplémentaire de nuire à un humain réel.

Zoonotic: all literature discussing the transmission to and from or occurrence of naturally acquired SARS-COV-2 infection in animals.

Économie: documents discutant / prévoyant l'économie de la pandémie de COVID-19

Revue de la documentation :  Tous les articles qui résument les documents publiés peuvent être marqués comme une revue.  Cela comprend les revues systématiques, les méta-analyses, les études de la portée, les aperçus, les examens généraux*.

Commentaires/Éditorial : Pour les commentaires, éditoriaux, lettres à la rédaction, autres types d'articles d'opinion pour lesquels aucune nouvelle donnée n'est collectée ou aucune analyse n'est effectuée par l'auteur, veuillez les marquer dans la catégorie des commentaires.

journaux Articles de presse qui n'ont pas d'informations scientifiques.

* Les listes ne sont pas exhaustives