Subject: Daily Scan of COVID-19 Scientific Publications / survol journalier des publications scientifiques du COVID-19, 2020-11-02

Good afternoon,

There are 517 citations in today’s scan. 287 were considered primary research or review literature.

Highlights today include:

PUBLIC HEALTH INTERVENTION

· Shen et al (preprint) developed a dynamic compartmental model of COVID-19 transmission for New York, Texas, Florida, and California. Without a vaccine, the spread of COVID-19 could be suppressed in these states by maintaining strict social distancing measures and face mask use levels. But relaxing social distancing restrictions to the pre-pandemic level without changing the current face mask use would lead to 0.8-4 million infections and 15,000-240,000 deaths across these four states over the next 12 months. If face mask use is reduced by 50%, a vaccine that is only 50% effective would require coverage of 55-94% to suppress the epidemic in these states. A vaccine that is 80% effective would only require 32-57% coverage to suppress the epidemic. If face mask usage stops completely, a moderate vaccine with coverage of 48-78% or a strong vaccine (100% effective) with coverage of 33-58% would be required to suppress the epidemic.

TRANSMISSION

· Pray et al describe an outbreak of COVID-19 at a boys’ overnight summer school retreat in Wisconsin between July 2-Aug 11, 2020. The retreat included 152 high school-aged boys, counselors, and staff members. The outbreak likely began with a single student who had received a negative SARS-CoV-2 molecular test <1 week before the retreat and led to 116 (76%) diagnosed COVID-19 cases among attendees.

EPIDEMIOLOGY

· Le Joncour et al. aimed to explore neutrophil–platelet aggregate (NPA) and monocyte–platelet aggregate (MPA) in patients hospitalized in a medical ward for COVID-19 infection. At baseline, we found an increase in proportion of both NPA and MPA in COVID-19 patients compared with healthy. Furthermore, levels of NPA and MPA were significantly higher in severe patients relative to patients with moderate disease.

· Dunker et al collected air samples at our measuring station in Leipzig and purified pollen were analyzed for SARS-CoV-2 typical signals or for virus-induced cytopathic effects, to test if the virus could bind to bioaerosols and if so, whether these complexes are infectious. The results show that neither our air samples nor purified pollen were infectious or could act as carrier for virus particles.

· Martinez-Fierro et al aim to determine the percentage of positivity of close contacts of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) patients to depict the importance of asymptomatic infections in the patient-to-patient transmission of COVID-19. Thirty-four (42%) contacts in the study were positive for SARS-CoV-2. Twenty-three (67.6%) manifested less than 2 respiratory symptoms, and 5 (14.7%) remained asymptomatic. The average of positive contacts by index COVID-19 case (R0) was 4.3 and the mean of time of positive COVID-19 test at sampling time was 18.9 days. The proportion of close contacts of COVID-19 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 (42%) and with less than 2 or with no respiratory symptoms (82.4%) was high in the study population.

THERAPEUTICS

· Prasithsirikul et al describe the demographics, clinical characteristics, and various antiviral treatment regimens (with vs. without favipiravir) of patients with severe and nonsevere COVID-19 treated at the Bamrasnaradura Infectious Diseases Institute (BIDI), Thailand. They conclude that adjunctive favipiravir might not be effective for severe COVID-19 patients, but further studies with larger sample sizes are needed.

· Wu et al. screened 728 approved drugs via virtual screening on SARS-CoV-2 M^pro. The results demonstrate that remdesivir shows the best binding energy on RdRp and saquinvir is the best inhibitor of M^pro. The authors also list 10 top-ranked approved drugs which can be potential inhibitors for M^pro.

DIAGNOSTICS

· Greene et al. determined that for SARS-CoV-2 testing, discarding the swab after inoculating the transport buffer resulted in sufficient detection of SARS-CoV-2 in the majority of positive samples. The rare exception was for a few samples where the dilution pushed the viral load below the LOD.  Adopting this approach can save up to 1 minute/sample. For labs processing more than 500 samples/day this equates to one full time equivalent shift/day.

· Gaugler et al present a novel method for the fully automated dried blood spot (DBS) sample handling and extraction for serological testing of human IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 using a commercial ELISA testing kit. This proof-of-principle pilot study successfully demonstrates the recovery of antibodies in their intact form from DBS using automated, direct sample elution within 100 μL of extraction buffer.

PUBLIC HEALTH RESPONSE

· Biasio et al., carried out a survey to evaluate vaccine literacy (VL) skills in the general population and perceptions about COVID-19 vaccine candidates, along with behavior and beliefs about current vaccinations. The average VL scores for both the functional and interactive-critical scales were relatively high and comparable to those observed from one study carried out prior to the current outbreak Perceptions regarding future COVID-19 vaccines, along with beliefs about vaccination, were mostly positive and significantly associated with functional and interactive-critical VL scales.

· Graeber et al study the willingness to get vaccinated and the acceptance of a policy of mandatory vaccination against COVID-19 in Germany. About 70 percent of adults in Germany would voluntarily get vaccinated if a vaccine without side effects was available. Approximately half of residents of Germany are in favour, and half against, a policy of mandatory vaccination.

Regards,

Lisa Waddell, Tricia Corrin, Rukshanda Ahmad, Robyn Odell, Maribeth Mitri, Julie Theriault, Dobrila Todoric, Alejandra Dubois, Austyn Baumeister, Anam Khan, Musaab Younis, Lien Mi Tien, Dima Ayache, Angela Sloan, Kaitlin Young, Chatura Prematunge, Ainsley Otten, Irene Yong, Drew Greydanus, Shalane Ha, Jessie Varga, Vanessa Zubach, Meenu Sharma, Kristyn Burak, David Knox

Focus areas: Modelling/ prediction, Epidemiology, Transmission, Clinical data, Long-term Sequelae, Mental Health, Surveillance, Coronavirology, Diagnostics / Pathogen detection, Therapeutics, Vaccine Research, Public health interventions, Public Health response, Public Health Priorities, IPAC, Health care response, Immunology, Economics, Animal model, Zoonoses, Review Literature, Commentary/Editorial, news

Domaines cibles: Modélisation/prédiction, Épidémiologie, Transmission, Données cliniques, Séquelles à long terme, Santé mentale ,Surveillance, Coronavirologie, Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes, Thérapeutique, Recherche sur les vaccins, Interventions de santé publique, Priorités de santé publique, PCI, Réponse des soins de santé, Immunologie, économie, Modèle animal, Zoonoses, Revue de littérature, Commentaire/Éditorial, journaux

PUBLICATIONS	AUTHORS / AUTEURS	SOURCE	FOCI / DOMAINE	SUMMARY / SOMMAIRE
Possible association of vitamin D status with lung involvement and outcome in patients with COVID-19: a retrospective study	Abrishami,  A,  Dalili, et al	Eur J Nutr	Clinical data| Données cliniques	We aimed to evaluate the prognostic role of serum vitamin D concentration on the extent of lung involvement and final outcome in patients with COVID-19. Seventy-three subjects with confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 were investigated in this study. The mean age of patients was 55.18 ± 14.98 years old; 46.4% were male. Mean serum 25(OH)D concentration was significantly lower in the deceased (13.83 ± 12.53 ng/ mL compared with discharged patients (38.41 ± 18.51 ng/mL) (P < 0.001). Higher levels of 25(OH)D were associated with significantly less extent of total lung involvement (β = - 0.10, P = 0.004). In addition, vitamin D deficiency 25(OH) D < 25 ng/mL] was associated with a significant increase in the risk of mortality (hazard ratio = 4.15, P = 0.04).
Assessing correlations between short-term exposure to atmospheric pollutants and COVID-19 spread in all Italian territorial areas	Accarino,  G,  Lorenzetti, et al	Environmental Pollution	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	The present work has been aimed at analyzing the atmospheric pollutants concentrations (PM10, PM2.5, NO2) and spatio-temporal distribution of cases and deaths (specifically incidence, mortality and lethality rates) across the whole Italian national territory, down to the level of each individual territorial area, with the goal of checking any potential short-term correlation between these two phenomena. The results of the statistical analysis suggest the hypothesis of a moderate-to-strong correlation between the number of days exceeding the annual regulatory limits of PM10, PM2.5 and NO2 atmospheric pollutants and COVID-19 incidence, mortality and lethality rates for all the 107 territorial areas in Italy. A weak-to-moderate correlation seems to exist when considering the 36 territorial areas in four of the most affected regions (Lombardy, Piedmont, Emilia-Romagna and Veneto). Overall, PM10 and PM2.5 showed a higher non-linear correlation than NO2 with incidence, mortality and lethality rates.
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic, national lockdown, and unlocking on an apex tertiary care ophthalmic institute	Agarwal,  R,  Sharma, et al	Indian J Ophthalmol	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of 2019 COVID-19 pandemic, national lockdown, and unlocking on ophthalmic care. The COVID-19 pandemic and national lockdown severely hampered the delivery of ophthalmic care.  Unlike anticipated, lifting of pandemic-associated lockdown served only minimally in improving patient inflow in its initial phases.
An Ecologic Study of Disparities in COVID-19 Incidence and Case Fatality in Oakland County, MI, USA, During a State-Mandated Shutdown	Akanbi,  MO,  Rivera, et al	J Racial Ethn Health Disparities	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	We investigated the association between zip code racial composition and COVID-19 incidence and case fatality in Oakland County, MI.  Reported COVID-19 cases ranged from 13.2 to 255.2 per 10,000 population. Each percentage increase in Blacks within a zip code was associated with a 3% increase in COVID-19 cases (95% CI: 1.02 to 1.04, p ≤ 0.0001), and this remained significant after adjusting for income or poverty level, number of persons per household, mode of transportation, age, and level of education (incidence rate ratio: 1.02, 95% CI: 1.01 to 1.03, p ≤ 0.0001). Zip codes with a higher percentage of Blacks also experienced a faster increase in COVID-19 rates from April 3 to May 16. However, the proportion of Blacks in a zip code was not associated with case fatality.
The impact of the coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak on Asia-pacific airways stocks prices: An event-study approach	Akipinar,  MT,  Codal, et al		Economics | Économie	This paper tries to describes the spread of the disease in Asia and discusses its impact on the airlines economy. Corona was an unexpected negative shock. The most significant negative effects were on the demand side, with national and international flights related to civil aviation severely affected in the short run. Fear and panic continuing once the outbreak was not under control. Treatment or vaccine was not found yet and the air transportation stock market has collapsed.
Managing patient flows in radiation oncology during the COVID-19 pandemic : Reworking existing treatment designs to prevent infections at a German hot spot area University Hospital	Akuamoa-Boateng,  D,  Wegen, et al	Strahlenther Onkol	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	The study comprised year-to-date intervention analyses of in- and outpatient key procedures, machine occupancy, and no-show rates in calendar weeks 12 to 19 of 2019 and 2020 to evaluate effects of active patient flow management while monitoring nosocomial COVID-19 infections. Active patient flow management in high-risk COVID-19 regions can help Radiation Oncologists to continue and initiate treatments safely, instead of cancelling and deferring indicated therapies.
COVID-19 in a patient with a flare of systemic lupus erythematosus: A rare case-report	Alharthy,  A,  Faqihi, et al	Respiratory Medicine Case Reports	Clinical data| Données cliniques	This is a rare case-report of a young female with systemic lupus erythematosus and end-stage kidney disease (on maintenance hemodialysis) who was admitted to our intensive care unit due to life-threatening COVID-19. The patient was diagnosed with a flare of lupus; while being on maintenance hydroxychloroquine therapy. However, after the administration of steroids she made an uneventful recovery and was discharged home.
Threat, coping and social distance adherence for COVID-19: Cross-continental comparison using online cross-sectional survey data	Al-Hasan,  A,  Khuntia, et al	J Med Internet Res	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The study's objective is to explore how threat and coping appraisal processes work as mechanisms between information and citizens' adherence to COVID-19 relevant recommendations. This study informs that the mediation of threat and coping strategies are essential, in varying effects, to shape the information and social media strategies for adherence outcomes. Accordingly, coordinating public service announcements along with information source outlets such as mainstream media (i.e., TV, newspaper) as well as social media (i.e., Facebook, Twitter) to inform citizens, and at the same time, delivering balanced messages about the threat and coping appraisal is critical in implementing staggered social distancing and sheltering strategy.
Ensemble learning model for diagnosing COVID-19 from routine blood tests	AlJame,  M,  Ahmad, et al	Informatics in Medicine Unlocked	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	We propose ERLX which is an ensemble learning model for COVID-19 diagnosis from routine blood tests. The proposed model uses three well-known diverse classifiers, extra trees, random forest and logistic regression. The ensemble model achieved outstanding performance with an overall accuracy of 99.88%, AUC of 99.38%, a sensitivity of 98.72% and a specificity of 99.99%.
Mental Health Impact of the First Wave of COVID-19 Pandemic on Spanish Healthcare Workers: a Large Cross-sectional Survey	Alonso,  Jordi,  Vilagut, et al	medRxiv	Mental Health | santé mentale	We assessed prevalence of mental disorders and associated factors during the first wave of the pandemic among healthcare professionals in Spain.  Overall 45.7% presented any current and 14.5% any disabling current mental disorder. Healthcare workers with prior lifetime mental disorders had almost twice the prevalence of current disorders than those without.
The first 2 months of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in Yemen: Analysis of the surveillance data	Al-Waleedi,  A,  Naiene, et al	PLoS One	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	The purpose of this report is to describe the epidemiological situation in Yemen during the first 2 months of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic. A total of 469 laboratory confirmed, 552 probable and 55 suspected cases with onset of symptoms between 18 February and 5 June 2020 were reported through the surveillance system. The median age among confirmed cases was 46 years (range: 1-90 years), and 75% of the confirmed cases were male. A total of 111 deaths were reported among those with confirmed infection. The mean age among those who died was 53 years (range: 14-88 years), with 63% of deaths (n = 70) occurring in individuals under the age 60 years. A total of 268 individuals with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were hospitalized (57%), among whom there were 95 in-hospital deaths.
Renal infarction in COVID-19 patient	Ammous,  A,  Ghaffar, et al	J Nephrol	Clinical data| Données cliniques	A 62 years old male with a history of hypertension and asthma presented to the emergency department after sudden onset of left upper quadrant abdominal pain. The patient had been discharged from the hospital 2 days prior, when he had presented for 10 days duration of shortness of breath and was diagnosed with moderate COVID-19 infection.
Prioritizing Healthcare and Employment Resources during COVID-19: Roles of Benevolent and Hostile Ageism	Apriceno,  M,  Lytle, et al	Gerontologist	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	METHODS:  College students completed an online survey of how much priority should be given to older adults in three relevant healthcare-related scenarios and three relevant employment scenarios. Participants completed an online study via Qualtrics called “COVID-19 Beliefs” on “attitudes, perceptions, and behaviors as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic” RESULTS: Benevolent ageism significantly predicted higher priority for older adults to receive healthcare (triage, COVID-19 vaccine, COVID-19 testing) and employment resources (retention of job, working from home) while greater endorsement of hostile ageism significantly predicted lower priority ratings.
Rare complication of COVID-19 presenting as isolated headache	Asif,  R,  MS, et al	BMJ Case Rep	Long-Term Sequelae | séquelles à long terme	An 18-year-old man presented with persistent isolated headache 2 weeks after recovering from acute COVID-19 illness. Extensive cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) was detected on CT venogram despite him having no other thrombotic risk factors. CVST can complicate COVID-19.
Projecting the impact of behaviour and isolation interventions and super spreader events from mass gatherings and international travel on Malaysia's COVID-19 epidemic trajectories using an augmented SEIR model	Ayub,  Aidonna Jan,  Ho, et al	medRxiv	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de sant&amp;eacute; publique	To inform safe reopening, we used an augmented SEIR model to project the impact of 1) interventions and potential new epidemic trajectories arising from super spreader (SS) events and/or international travel and 2) re-introducing strong behavioural interventions on resurgence trajectories.  Our model suggests that 50% behaviour intervention effectiveness (BIE) (from enforced social distancing during lockdown, early in the epidemic), along with 50% isolation intervention effectiveness (IIE) (from increased testing and isolating infected individuals) was achieved during lockdown, which curbed COVID-19 transmission in Malaysia. Post-lockdown, BIE plays a minimal role if IIE reaches or exceeds 46.9% when other variables are held constant. At IIE of 30% and BIE of 21.3%, SS events of 5,000 active cases risks COVID-19 resurgence, with 4-year projected 12.9mn cumulative cases and 1.1mn deaths. Earlier action to increase BIE to 50% on day 98 compared to day 111, prevented an additional 21,401 recovered cases and 257 deaths.
Left inferior epigastric artery injury in COVID-19 patient. Case report and literature review	Bakirov,  I,  Bakirova, et al	International Journal of Surgery Case Reports	Clinical data| Données cliniques	The patient was a 75-year-old male, presenting with bilateral COVID-19 pneumonia, with pulmonary embolism complications. Therapeutic anticoagulation by subcutaneous Clexane injection was administered. A left rectus haematoma was observed, and the patient fell and underwent haemorrhagic shock. Laparotomy was done for the evacuation of the haematoma.
Development of bullous lung disease in a patient with severe COVID-19 pneumonitis	Berhane,  S,  Tabor, et al	BMJ Case Rep	Clinical data| Données cliniques	A 60-year-old man presented with sudden onset right-sided chest pain and gradually worsening shortness of breath on exertion. Eleven days earlier, he had an admission with COVID-19 pneumonitis requiring 8 days of continuous positive airway pressure.
Hospital and ICU patient volume per physician at peak of COVID pandemic: State-level estimates	Bhatla,  A,  Ryskina, et al	Healthcare	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This study aimed to help inform state policies and initiatives aimed at physician deployment during COVID-19, we used predictions of peak patient volume for hospitals and intensive care units (ICU) and regional physician workforce estimates to measure patient to physician ratios at the peak of the pandemic for each state. We estimated the number of potentially available physicians based on Medicare Part B billings for the care of hospitalized and critically ill patients in 2017, adjusted for attrition due to exposure to SARS-CoV-2 and relevant experience. We used estimates from the Institute of Health Metrics and Evaluation to determine the number of hospitalized and ICU patients expected at the peak of the pandemic in each state. We then determined the expected ratio of patients per physician for each state at the peak of the pandemic. The median number of hospitalized patients per physician was 13 (low estimate) to 18 (high estimate). At the high estimate of hospitalized patients, 35 states would have a patient to physician ratio of more than 15:1 (patient to physician ratios above 15:1 have been associated with poor outcomes). For ICU patients, the median number of patients each physician would treat across states would be 8–11 patients. Nine states would experience patient to physician ratios above 15:1 at the higher end of estimates. Patient-physician ratios decreased if the available physician pool was broadened to include physicians without recent experience treating hospitalized patients, and physicians in surgical specialties with experience treating acutely hospitalized patients. We estimate that most states will have sufficient physician capacity to manage hospitalized patients at the peak of the pandemic.
Assessing COVID-19 vaccine literacy: a preliminary online survey	Biasio,  LR,  Bonaccorsi, et al	Hum Vaccin Immunother	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	A rapid online survey was carried out to evaluate vaccine literacy (VL) skills in the general population and perceptions about COVID-19 vaccine candidates, along with behavior and beliefs about current vaccinations. The functional VL score was lower in females than males  Observed VL levels were consistent with previous observations - where comparable self-reported tools were administered face-to-face and by paper-and-pencil - the mean functional score being = 2.92, while the interactive-critical score was = 3.27, out of a maximum of 4. Perceptions regarding future COVID-19 vaccines, along with beliefs about vaccination, were mostly positive and significantly associated with functional and interactive-critical VL scales.
Development and Validation of a Laboratory Score Based on Blood Cell Parameters to Predict Survival in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients	Birindelli,  Sarah,  Tarkowski, et al	SSRN- Lancet prepublication	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	We developed and validated a laboratory score based on blood cell parameters to predict survival in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. We retrospectively analyzed 1619 blood cell counts from 226 COVID-19 patients, consecutively admitted to our institution, to select variables for inclusion in the severity score. The lymphocyte percentage, the immature granulocyte number, the highly fluorescent lymphocyte cell percentage, the neutrophils side fluorescent light, and the lymphocytes fluorescence light intensity were finally selected and the derived score then validated on a separate cohort of 140 COVID-19 patients. Using ROC curve analysis, a best cut-off for score of 30.6 was derived, which was associated to an overall 82.0% sensitivity (95% CI: 78-84) and 82.5% specificity (95% CI: 80-84), respectively, for detecting outcome. The score trend effectively separated the patients’ groups, starting on average two weeks before the end of the hospitalization period. As the laboratory parameters employed in the model are easily accessible on the modern haematology analyzers, the proposed score may offer a fast and reliable tool for supporting clinical decisions in COVID-19 patients.
SARS-CoV-2 transmission routes from genetic data: A Danishcase study	Bluhm,  A,  Christandl, et al	PLoS One	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	We perform a phylogenetic analysis of 742 publicly available Danish SARS-CoV-2 genome sequences and put them into context using sequences from other countries. Employing phylogenetic methods on Danish genome sequences of SARS-CoV-2, we exemplify how genetic data can be used to trace the introduction of a virus to a country.
Unexpectedly High Frequency of Enterococcal Bloodstream Infections in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients Admitted to an Italian ICU: An Observational Study	Bonazzetti,  C,  Morena, et al	Crit Care Med	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	OBJECTIVES: We aimed to assess the frequency of ICU-acquired bloodstream infections in coronavirus disease 2019 patients. DESIGN: Retrospective observational study. Patients with coronavirus disease 2019 admitted to the ICU of Luigi Sacco Hospital (Milan, Italy) for greater than or equal to 48 hours between February 21, 2020, and April 30, 2020. RESULTS: The frequency of bloodstream infections per 1,000 days of ICU stay was calculated in 89 coronavirus disease 2019 patients, and the cumulative probability of bloodstream infection was estimated using death and ICU discharge as competing events. The patients who experienced a bloodstream infection had a higher Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score upon ICU admission, a longer ICU stay and more frequently required mechanical ventilation
Implementation of Drive-Through Testing for COVID-19 Using an External Emergency Department Triage	Bradley,  K,  Constantine, et al	Journal of Emergency Medicine	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	In this paper, we discuss use of an external emergency department (ED) site by a hospital system based in Charlotte, North Carolina to address concerns of a local surge similar to those seen around the country. We saw 580 patients across the three sites, 302 of whom met criteria for COVID-19 testing. The majority of patients tested were Caucasian females. The majority who tested positive, however, were males. Thirteen patients were redirected into the hospital ED for further medical evaluation.
Understanding and addressing challenges for Advance Care Planning in the COVID-19 pandemic: An analysis of the UK CovPall survey data from specialist palliative care services	Bradshaw,  Andy,  Dunleavy, et al	medRxiv	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This study aimed to describe the challenges experienced, and changes made to support, Advance Care Planning at the height of the COVID-19 pandemic. 277 UK palliative and hospice care services were surveyed. 37.9% of services provided more Advance Care Planning directly. 58.5% provided more support to others. Some challenges to Advance Care Planning pre-dated the pandemic, whilst other were COVID-19 specific or exacerbated by COVID-19. Six themes demonstrated challenges at different levels of the Social Ecological Model, including: complex decision making in the face of a new disease; maintaining a personalised approach; COVID-specific communication difficulties; workload and pressure; sharing information; and national context of fear and uncertainty. Two themes demonstrate changes made to support Advance Care Planning, including: adapting local processes and adapting local structures.
Hydroxychloroquine, nitazoxanide and ivermectin have similar effects in early COVID-19: a head-to-head comparison of the Pre-AndroCoV Trial	Cadegiani,  FlavioA,  Goren, et al	Research Square prepub	Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	The objective of the present open-label prospective observational study (the pre-AndroCoV trial) was to make a head-to-head comparative analysis between hydroxychloroquine, nitazoxanide and ivermectin, in terms of potential efficacy for COVID-19, combined with early COVID-19 detection, aiming to choose one of these three drugs to include in the AndroCoV RCT. Participants were recruited from social media and referred from other medical centers. Patients confirmed for COVID-19 with positive rtPCR-SARS-CoV-2 with fewer than seven days of symptoms and four days of treatment were included.  In total, 585 participants, including 270 females and 305 males, were included. Of these, 159, 357, and 110 patients received hydroxychloroquine, nitazoxanide, and ivermectin, respectively, with similar baseline characteristics and time-to-treat between them. The three groups had similar duration of positive rtPCR-SARS-CoV-2, clinical disease duration and recovery speed. Of the 585 patients, none was hospitalized, needed mechanical ventilation, or died, and 1.5% persisted with symptoms after recovery. Hydroxychloroquine, nitazoxanide and ivermectin seem to be similarly effective for overall clinical outcomes in COVID-19 when used before seven days of symptoms, and overwhelmingly superior compared to untreated COVID-19 population, even for those outcomes not influenced by placebo effect, at least when combined with azithromycin, and vitamin C, D and zinc in the majority of the cases. Between these drugs, nitazoxanide demonstrated the strongest broad spectrum antiviral activity, plausibility to act as an anti-COVID agent, and safety profile, at least at the time of the choice of the drug for the AndroCoV Trial.
Leucocytoclastic vasculitis in a patient with COVID-19 with positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR in skin biopsy	Camprodon Gómez,  M,  González-Cruz, et al	BMJ Case Rep	Clinical data| Données cliniques	We report about cutaneous histopathological patterns and the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in skin lesions of a 29 year  old male.
Medical Occupation Preference under the Influence of the COVID-19 Epidemic	Cartwright,  Edward,  Xue, et al	SSRN- Lancet prepublication	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	We conducted a large scale online survey experiment in China and UK (for robustness check) regarding the influence of the COVID-19 epidemic on medical occupation preference. The experiment in China has a two by two factorial design varying engagement and severity of influence during the epidemic, including the comparison between (1) medical and nonmedical workers; (2) Wuhan and non-Wuhan residents. The survey was conducted during March 2020, a time when the epidemic in Wuhan has passed its peak, which allow us to get more respondents from medical workers. We find that people who are medical workers are less willing to accept their children and partners engaging in medical occupations (reverse occupation inheritance); such a tendency is stronger among individuals in Wuhan than in other places in China. Willingness for children/partners to choose medical occupations is significantly influenced by individuals’ direct/indirect experiences during the epidemic, risk-taking preferences, prosocial preferences and information (news) shocks. Moreover, medical workers in Wuhan also exhibit significantly lower pro-social and higher risk averse, as well as significantly differences in future life and economic expectations from other groups. Our results indicate serious burnout among medical workers who conducted intensive workload under the severe influence of COVID-19 epidemic.
Fear of COVID-19 scale: Validity, reliability and factorial invariance in Argentina's general population	Caycho-Rodríguez,  T,  Vilca, et al	Death Stud	Mental Health | santé mentale	This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Scale of Fear of COVID-19 (FCV-19S) in a sample of 1,291 Argentines. The results indicated that FCV-19S has strong psychometric properties to measure fear of COVID-19 in the general population of Argentina. Evidence of validity based on relationships with other variables showed positive and significant correlations between fear of COVID-19, depression, and anxiety.
Moral foundations underlying behavioral compliance during the COVID-19 pandemic	Chan,  EY	Personality and Individual Differences	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	During the COVID-19 pandemic, government and public health officials have advocated three behaviors to help “flatten the curve” of the disease—staying-at-home, wearing face masks, and social distancing. We explore the moral foundations underlying people's compliance with the three behaviors. Our study with 1033 Americans revealed that caring and fairness concerns predict complying with all behaviors, while sanctity concerns only predict compliance with wearing face masks and social distancing. A deeper investigation revealed age differences in loyalty and sanctity concerns for staying-at-home and social distancing, and in sanctity concerns only for wearing face masks.
IP-10 and MCP-1 as biomarkers associated with disease severity of COVID-19	Chen,  Y,  Wang, et al	Mol Med	Clinical data| Données cliniques Immunology | Immunologie	This study focused on three indicators in COVID-19 interferon gamma inducible protein-10 (IP-10), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and macrophage inflammatory protein 1-alpha (MIP1α) , with the hope to find biomarkers that are associated with patients’ outcome. This is a retrospective single-center study involving 74 severe and critically ill COVID-19 patients recruited from the ICU department of the Tongji Hospital in Wuhan, China.  IP-10 and MCP-1 are biomarkers associated with the severity of COVID-19 disease.
PMC7406203; Early Impact of COVID-19 on Solid Organ Transplantation in the United States	Cholankeril,  G,  Podboy, et al	Transplantation	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	METHODS: A retrospective analysis of month-to-month trends on waitlist additions, waitlist deaths, and transplant surgeries between all United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) regions was performed. RESULTS: All UNOS regions reported a decrease in total waitlist additions and transplant surgeries. The largest reductions in solid organ transplantation and waitlist deaths were seen in kidney and lung transplantation.
Knowledge, attitude and practise toward COVID-19 among patients presenting to five tertiary eye care hospitals in South India - A multicentre questionnaire-based survey	Christy,  JS,  Kaur, et al	Indian J Ophthalmol	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) pattern towards COVID-19, among patients presenting to eye care hospitals during the last phase of lockdown period. METHODS: A multicenter cross-sectional survey was conducted from May 15 to June 15, 2020 in five tertiary eye care hospitals in South India to assess the KAP towards COVID-19. RESULTS: he mean (percentage) scores of knowledge, attitude, and practice were 21.26 (82%), 9.37 (92%), and 10.32 (86%), respectively. KAP among patients more than 50 years of age and in illiterate individuals was significantly less (P 50 years) and illiterate individuals had a significantly lower KAP.
How do low wind speeds and high levels of air pollution support the spread of COVID-19?	Coccia,  M	Atmospheric Pollution Research	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Transmission	This study endeavours to explain the relation between wind speed, air pollution and the diffusion of COVID-19. The statistical analysis here focuses on case study of Italy and reveals two main findings: 1) cities with high wind speed have lower numbers of COVID-19 related infected individuals; 2) cities located in hinterland zones with little wind speed and frequently high levels of air pollution had higher numbers of COVID-19 related infected individuals. High concentrations of air pollutants, associated with low wind speeds, may promote a longer permanence of viral particles in polluted air of cities, thus favouring an indirect means of diffusion of SARS-CoV-2, in addition to the direct diffusion with human-to-human transmission dynamics.
Qualitative and quantitative chest CT parameters as predictors of specific mortality in COVID-19 patients	Colombi,  D,  Villani, et al	Emerg Radiol	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	PURPOSE: To test the association between death and both qualitative and quantitative CT parameters obtained visually and by software in coronavirus disease (COVID-19) early outbreak. METHODS: The study analyzed retrospectively patients underwent chest CT at hospital admission for COVID-19 pneumonia suspicion, between February 21 and March 6, 2020. CT was performed in case of hypoxemia or moderate-to-severe dyspnea. CT scans were analyzed for quantitative and qualitative features obtained visually and by software. RESULTS: Visual pneumonia extent > 40%, %high attenuation area - 700 HU > 35%, exudative consolidations and CT classified as COVID-19 and other disease  were significantly associated with shorter OS. Models including CT parameters  were better predictors of death as compared to clinical model
Global Absence and Targeting of Protective Immune States in Severe COVID-19	Combes,  AlexisJ,  Courau, et al	bioRxiv	Clinical data| Données cliniques Immunology | Immunologie	While SARS-CoV-2 infection has pleiotropic and systemic effects in some patients, many others experience milder symptoms. We sought a holistic understanding of the severe/mild distinction in COVID-19 pathology, and its origins. We performed a whole-blood preserving single-cell analysis protocol to integrate contributions from all major cell types including neutrophils, monocytes, platelets, lymphocytes and the contents of serum. Patients with mild COVID-19 disease display a coordinated pattern of interferon-stimulated gene (ISG) expression across every cell population and these cells are systemically absent in patients with severe disease. Severe COVID-19 patients also paradoxically produce very high anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers and have lower viral load as compared to mild disease. Examination of the serum from severe patients demonstrates that they uniquely produce antibodies with multiple patterns of specificity against interferon-stimulated cells and that those antibodies functionally block the production of the mild disease-associated ISG-expressing cells. Overzealous and auto-directed antibody responses pit the immune system against itself in many COVID-19 patients and this defines targets for immunotherapies to allow immune systems to provide viral defense.Competing Interest StatementThe authors have declared no competing interest.
Risk factors for mortality among hospitalized patients with COVID-19. An overview in Mexican population	Cortés-Tellés,  A,  López-Romero, et al	Tuberc Respir Dis (Seoul)	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	This study aimed to identify risk factors associated with mortality and outcomes among hospitalized Mexican patients with COVID-19. METHODS: We prospectively assessed patients admitted to a COVID-19 reference center in the southeast of Mexico between March 28th and June 30th, 2020. RESULTS: Eighty-six patients required invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) with an overall mortality rate of 82.5%. Only 51% of patients with IMV had Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission, with a survival rate of 27.3%, but only 7.2% for Non-ICU admission. The multivariate analysis found that Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio ≥ 9 albumin < 3.5gr/dL, LDH ≥ 725 U/L and IMV were independent risk factors associated with mortality.
Respiratory and Gastrointestinal COVID-19 Phenotypes in Kidney Transplant Recipients	Crespo,  M,  Mazuecos, et al	Transplantation	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	We describe clinical pictures, risk factors for death, and chances to recovery in a large cohort of KT recipients with COVID-19. METHODS: Inclusion in a Spanish prospectively filled registry was allowed for KT cases with confirmed COVID-19. Outcomes were assessed as in-hospital mortality or recovery. RESULTS: The study population comprised of 414 patients. Fever, respiratory symptoms, and dyspnea were the most frequent COVID-19-related symptoms, and 81.4% of them had pneumonia. More than one-third of patients showed digestive symptoms at diagnosis. Most patients were hospitalized, 12.1% in intensive care units, and 17.6% needed ventilator support. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that age and pneumonia were independently associated with death, whereas the gastrointestinal phenotype was associated with recovery.
A discrete-time-evolution model to forecast progress of Covid-19 outbreak	Curado,  EMF,  Curado, et al	PLoS One	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	Here we present a discrete-time-evolution model with one day interval to forecast the propagation of Covid-19.  It has only two adjustable parameters and it predicts the evolution of the total number of infected people in a country for the next 14 days if parameters do not change during the analyzed period. Here, the model is tested with data from Brazil, UK and South Korea, presenting low error rates on the prediction of the evolution of the disease in all analyzed countries.
Quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) of occupational exposure to SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater treatment plants	Dada,  AC,  Gyawali, et al	Science of the Total Environment	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	we assess occupational health risks to wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) operators from inhalation of aerosolized SARS-CoV-2 using a Quantitative Microbiological Risk Assessment (QMRA) framework. Our study suggests that the risk of accidental occupational exposure to SARS-CoV-2 in raw wastewater, via inhalation at the WWTP environment, is negligible, particularly when less than 0.3% of the population served by the plant are actively infected.
Follicular eruption as a cutaneous manifestation in COVID-19	Danarti,  R,  Budiarso, et al	BMJ Case Rep	Clinical data| Données cliniques	A 50-year-old man presented to our dermatology clinic with itchy skin rash. The rash began 5 days after systemic symptoms appeared such as mild fever and mild dyspnoea. The rashes were a characteristic of follicular eruption, which started on his stomach and spread all over his body. After a thorough evaluation, he was diagnosed with COVID-19 and was started on COVID-19 regimens. Skin lesions disappeared on the ninth day of treatment. Our findings contribute to the growing awareness of dermatological manifestations in patients with COVID-19.
Unilateral orbital emphysema in a COVID-19 patient	Das,  D,  Anwer, et al	Indian J Ophthalmol	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Authors present the case of a 42‑year‑old male who was admitted with COVID‑19 related acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Direct and consensual pupillary reflexes were normal. Bilateral intercostal drainage tubes were placed. The emphysema spontaneously resolved in the following 2 days.
From positive to negative: a time to event analysis in Regione Lombardia	Del Castillo,  Gabriele,  Castrofino, et al	Research Square prepub	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	To assess the time span from positive to negative SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection by RT-PCR, and to evaluate the reliability of the test-based criteria as the required condition for the reintroduction of the asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 positive patient in the community.  We used information concerning negativization and the respective times. Cumulative probabilities of negativization during the follow-up were evaluated by through Crude Cumulative Incidences (CCIs). Non-parametric estimates of CCIs and respective 95% C.I.s were obtained. We report results for 52,186 individuals. 33486 subjects resulted negative or potentially negative with a CCI of 75.2% at 70 days from the first swab (95% CI: 74.8% to 75.7%). 11,000 subjects deceased before 14/05/2020 without diagnosis of negative status (CCI 21.9%; 95% CI: 21.5% to 22.3%) at 56 days from the first swab (maximum observed time to death). SARS-CoV-2 positivity is a condition that frequently lasts more than 30 days. Since isolation based only on positivity status could be excessive, more solid studies are required to determine a single internationally accepted policy regarding the dismission of quarantine and isolation.
Prolonged Critical Illness and Demoralization: Curative Factors in Hospice Care in the Age of COVID-19	Delisle,  S,  Heller, et al	J Hosp Palliat Nurs	Clinical data| Données cliniques	In this case report, an elderly patient with COVID-19 pneumonia and a protracted intensive care course, who was unable to wean from mechanical ventilation, was transferred to the hospice unit for ventilator withdrawal and end of life care. Thought to be facing imminent death once the ventilator was removed, this patient defied the science behind weaning protocols, which can only be explained by a "will to live," through loving engagement with his family, his favorite music, and a dedicated multidisciplinary hospice team.
In silico identification of Tretinoin as a SARS-CoV-2 envelope (E) protein ion channel inhibitor	Dey,  D,  Borkotoky, et al	Computers in biology and medicine	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	The envelope (E) protein encoded by coronaviruses is a viroporin with ion channel activity and has been shown to be crucial for the assembly and pathophysiology of coronaviruses. We used a combination of virtual database screening, molecular docking, all-atom molecular dynamics simulation and MM-PBSA analysis to test four FDA approved drugs - Tretinoin, Mefenamic Acid, Ondansetron and Artemether - as potential inhibitors of ion channels formed by SARS-CoV-2 E protein. Interaction and binding energy analysis showed that electrostatic interactions and polar solvation energy were the major driving forces for binding of the drugs, with Tretinoin being the most promising inhibitor. Tretinoin bound within the lumen of the channel formed by E protein, which is lined by hydrophobic residues like Phe, Val and Ala, indicating its potential for blocking the channel and inhibiting the viroporin functionality of E. In control simulations, tretinoin demonstrated a lower binding energy with a known target as compared to SARS-CoV-2 E protein. This work thus highlights the possibility of exploring Tretinoin as a potential SARS-CoV-2 E protein ion channel blocker and virus assembly inhibitor, which could be an important therapeutic strategy in the treatment for coronaviruses.
Optimal timing of one-shot interventions for epidemic control	Di Lauro,  Francesco,  Kiss, et al	medRxiv	Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	In this paper we investigate the optimal timing of interventions that are not sustainable for a long period. Specifically, we look at at the impact of a single short-term non-repeated intervention (a "one-shot intervention") on an epidemic and consider the impact of the intervention's timing. To minimize the total number infected, the intervention should start close to the peak so that there is minimal rebound once the intervention is stopped. To minimise the peak prevalence, it should start earlier, leading to initial reduction and then having a rebound to the same prevalence as the pre-intervention peak rather than one very large peak. To delay infections as much as possible (as might be appropriate if we expect improved interventions or treatments to be developed), earlier interventions have clear benefit. In populations with distinct subgroups, synchronized interventions are less effective than targeting the interventions in each subcommunity separately.
A statistical model to assess risk for supporting SARS-CoV-2 quarantine decisions	Dicken,  Volker,  Geisler, et al	arXiv	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Transmission Public health interventions*| Interventions de sant&amp;eacute; publique	We present a statistical model for the probability that no transmission of Sars-CoV-2 occurred. Our approach has the potential to support important quarantine decisions with the goal to achieve a better balance between necessary containment of the pandemic and preservation of social and economic life.
The COVID-19 Healthcare Personnel Study (CHPS): Overview, Methods and Preliminary Report	DiMaggio,  Charles,  Abramson, et al	medRxiv	Mental Health | santé mentale	At the height of the COVID-19 pandemic in New York State in Spring 2020, more than half of physicians, nurse practitioners and physician assistants included in this study responded to the crisis, often at a cost to their physical and mental health and disruption to their lives. Over half of the respondents, (57.6%) reported a negative impact of the COVID-19 efforts on their mental health. Respondents who indicated that they were redeployed or required to do different functions than usual in response to COVID-19 were more likely to report negative mental health impacts (OR=1.3, 95% CI 1.1, 1.6).
Health Literacy, eHealth Literacy, Adherence to Infection Prevention and Control Procedures, Lifestyle Changes, Suspected COVID-19 Symptoms among Health Care Workers: An Online Survey During the Lockdown	Do,  BN,  Tran, et al	J Med Internet Res	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	The objective of this study was to evaluate psychometric properties of the eHEALS, and examine associations of HL and eHEALS with adherence to infection prevention and control procedures (AIPC), lifestyle changes, and suspected COVID symptoms among HCWs during the lockdown. The eHEALS is a valid and reliable survey tool.
Unequal burdens: assessing the determinants of elevated COVID-19 case and death rates in New York City's racial/ethnic minority neighbourhoods	Do,  DP,  Frank, et al	J Epidemiol Community Health	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	Authors document variation in COVID-19 case and death rates across different racial/ethnic neighbourhoods in New York City (NYC), the initial epicentre of the U.S. coronavirus outbreak, and conduct a multivariate ecological analysis investigating how various neighbourhood characteristics might explain any observed disparities. The unequal COVID-19 case burden borne by NYC's minority communities is closely tied to their representation among the ranks of essential workers.
Prone positioning and convalescent plasma therapy in a critically ill pregnant woman with COVID-19	Donzelli,  M,  Ippolito, et al	Clinical Case Reports	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Prone positioning is feasible in pregnancy and may have contributed to the positive outcome in this case. Doctors should not be reluctant to move a patient to a prone position just because they are pregnant.
Baseline characteristics, management, and outcomes of 55,270 children and adolescents diagnosed with COVID-19 and 1,952,693 with influenza in France, Germany, Spain, South Korea and the United States: an international network cohort study	Duarte-Salles,  Talita,  Vizcaya, et al	medRxiv	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	Despite negligible fatality, complications including pneumonia, ARDS and MIS-C were more frequent in children/adolescents with COVID-19 than with influenza. Dyspnea, anosmia and gastrointestinal symptoms could help differential diagnosis. A wide range of medications were used for the inpatient management of pediatric COVID-19.
A Machine Learning Study of 534,023 Medicare Beneficiaries with COVID-19: Implications for Personalized Risk Prediction	Dun,  Chen,  Walsh, et al	medRxiv	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	We created a personalized risk prediction calculator to identify candidates for early vaccine and therapeutics allocation (www.predictcovidrisk.com).   We identified 534,023 COVID-19 patients of whom 38,066 had an inpatient death. Demographic characteristics associated with COVID-19 death included advanced age (85 years or older: aOR: 2.07; 95% CI, 1.99-2.16), male sex (aOR, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.82-1.94), and non-white race (Hispanic: aOR, 1.74; 95% CI, 1.66-1.83). Leading comorbidities associated with COVID-19 mortality included sickle cell disease (aOR, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.21-2.47), chronic kidney disease (aOR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.29-1.36), leukemias and lymphomas (aOR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.14-1.30), heart failure (aOR, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.16-1.22), and diabetes (aOR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.15-1.22).   These findings may be used to protect those at greatest risk of death from COVID-19.
No SARS-CoV-2 detected in air samples (pollen and particulate matter) in Leipzig during the first spread	Dunker,  S,  Hornick, et al	Science of the Total Environment	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic co-occurred with pollen season in Europe 2020 and recent studies suggest a potential link between both. Air samples collected at our measuring station in Leipzig and purified pollen were analyzed for SARS-CoV-2 typical signals or for virus-induced cytopathic effects, to test if the virus could bind to bioaerosols and if so, whether these complexes are infectious. The results show that neither our air samples nor purified pollen were infectious or could act as carrier for virus particles.
A Snapshot of Pediatric Patients with COVID-19 in a Pandemic Hospital	Duramaz,  BB,  Turel, et al	Klin Padiatr	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Between March 12, 2020, and May 15, 2020, all children presenting with fever, cough, or respiratory difficulty were investigated for COVID-19. A total of 719 children were examined at outpatient clinics, and 495 were tested with PCR for suspicion of COVID-19. Sixty patients were hospitalized for suspicion of COVID-19. Forty-three patients were diagnosed as probable or confirmed COVID-19. 21 of 43 patients (48.8%) were PCR confirmed. The remaining 22 were diagnosed by epidemiologic history, clinical assessment, and computerized thorax tomography (CT) findings. The median age was 126 and 78.5 months in PCR positives and PCR negatives, respectively and the youngest patient was a 28 days old baby. Nineteen of the patients had an upper respiratory infection (44.1%). Although five patients had no clinical signs, chest X-ray, or CT revealed pneumonia.
COVID-19 Testing and Cases in Immigration Detention Centers, April-August 2020	Erfani,  P,  Uppal, et al	Jama	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	This analysis examined COVID-19 testing and cases per month among US Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) detainees. Despite ICE’s mitigation efforts, COVID-19 case rates among detainees increased every month from April to August.
Is oro/nasopharyngeal swab for SARS-CoV-2 detection a safe procedure? Complications observed among a case series of 4876 consecutive swabs	Fabbris,  C,  Cestaro, et al	American Journal of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Medicine and Surgery	Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	This paper describes the complications encountered in a series of health workers who underwent oro/nasopharyngeal swab for detection of SARS-CoV-2. A retrospective review was carried out in June 2020 on 4876 consecutive swabs performed at Treviso Hospital during May 2020 for the detection of SARS-CoV-2. 2 males and 6 females (0.16%), aging from 35 to 79 years (mean age 53.8 yr) required ENT evaluation for complications. Three patients experienced moderate anterior epistaxis requiring nasal packing. A further three patients suffered broken and impacted swabs in the nasal cavity, necessitating removal by an otolaryngologist in two cases. One patient, affected by diabetes mellitus and neutropenia, developed septal abscess (case 2) and another, who later was observed to have septal deviation, had severe anterior and posterior bleeding from an arterial point of the olfactory area, possibly arising from the anterior ethmoidal artery (case 3) requiring surgical cauterization. All complications were successfully treated with no reported adverse outcomes or further morbidity.
Detection of SARS-COV N2 Gene: Very low amounts of viral RNA or false positive?	Falasca,  F,  Sciandra, et al	Journal of Clinical Virology	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	The detection of a low amount of viral RNA is crucial to identify a SARS-CoV-2 positive individual harboring a low level of virus, especially during the convalescent period. However, the detection of one gene at high Cycle threshold (Ct) has to be interpreted with caution. In this study we address this specific issue and report our real-life experience. A total of 1639 nasopharyngeal swabs (NPS) were analyzed with Xpert® Xpress SARS-CoV-2. Positive samples showing high Ct values (Ct>35) were concentrated by centrifugation and re-tested with Cepheid or other methods (RealStar SARS-CoV2 RT-PCR, Altona Diagnostics; GeneFinder COVID-19 Plus RealAmp Kit, Elitech). 1599 (97.5%) negative samples, 36 (2.3%) positive samples and 4 (0.2%) presumptive positive samples were detected. In 17 out of 36 positive patients, very low viral RNA copies were suspected since positivity was detected at high Ct. We confirmed positivity for patients who showed both E and N genes detected and for patients with only N detected but with Ct 39 were found negative. NPS taken 24 hours after the first collection confirmed the negativity of the 12 samples. Clinical data sustained these results since only 2 of these 12 patients showed COVID-19-like symptoms. These data support our consideration that detection of the N2 gene at high Ct needs to be interpreted with caution, suggesting that collaboration between virologists and clinicians is important for better understanding of results.
[Clinical analysis of early damage in multiple extra-pulmonary organs in COVID-19]	Fan,  J,  Zhang, et al	Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao	Clinical data| Données cliniques	The objective of this study was to analyze the clinical manifestations of heart, liver and kidney damages in the early stage of COVID-19 to identify the indicators for these damages. In patients with COVID-19, heart damage can be identified early by observing the general longitudinal strain and new abnormalities on ECG in spite of normal aTNI and left ventricular ejection fraction.
Leveraging coronavirus binding to gangliosides for innovative vaccine and therapeutic strategies against COVID-19	Fantini,  J,  Chahinian, et al	Biochemical and biophysical research communications	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	We identified the NTD of SARS-CoV-2 as a promising target for both therapeutic and vaccine strategies, a notion later supported by the discovery, in convalescent Covid-19 patients, of a neutralizing antibody (4A8) that selectively binds to the NTD. The 4A8 epitope overlaps the ganglioside binding domain, denying any access of the virus to lipid rafts when the antibody is bound to the S protein. Thus, our data explain why antibody binding to the tip of the NTD results in SARS-CoV-2 neutralization.
SARS-CoV-2 Exposure and Infection Among Health Care Personnel - Minnesota, March 6-July 11, 2020	Fell,  A,  Beaudoin, et al	MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	During March 6-July 11, the Minnesota Department of Health and 1,217 partnering health care facilities assessed 21,406 HCP exposures; among these, 5,374 (25%) were classified as higher-risk. Higher-risk exposures involved direct patient care (66%) and nonpatient care interactions (e.g., with coworkers and social and household contacts) (34%). Within 14 days following a higher-risk exposure, nearly one third (31%) of HCP who were enrolled in monitoring reported COVID-19-like symptoms, and more than one half (52%) of enrolled HCP with symptoms received positive SARS-CoV-2 test results. Among all HCP with higher-risk exposures, irrespective of monitoring enrollment, 7% received positive SARS-CoV-2 test results. Compared with HCP with higher-risk exposures working in acute care settings, those working in congregate living or long-term care settings more often returned to work (57%), worked while symptomatic (5%), and received a positive test result (10%) during 14-day postexposure monitoring than did HCP working outside of such settings.
Protective Effects of STI-2020 Antibody Delivered Post-Infection by the Intranasal or Intravenous Route in a Syrian Golden Hamster COVID-19 Model	Fu,  Yanwen,  Maruyama, et al	bioRxiv	Therapeutics| Thérapeutique Animal model | Modèle animal	In SARS-CoV-2 infected hamsters, treatment with STI-2020 12 hours post-infection using the intranasally (IN) route led to a decrease in severity of clinical disease signs and a more robust recovery during 9 days of infection as compared to animals treated with an isotype control antibody. Treatment via the IV route using the same dose and timing regimen resulted in a decrease in the average number of consecutive days that infected animals experienced weight loss, shortening the duration of disease and allowing recovery to begin more rapidly in STI-2020 treated animals.
Dual-branch combination network (DCN): Towards accurate diagnosis and lesion segmentation of COVID-19 using CT images	Gao,  K,  Su, et al	Medical image analysis	Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	In this study, we developed a dual-branch combination network (DCN) for COVID-19 diagnosis that can simultaneously achieve individual-level classification and lesion segmentation. To focus the classification branch more intensively on the lesion areas, a novel lesion attention module was developed to integrate the intermediate segmentation results. Furthermore, to manage the potential influence of different imaging parameters from individual facilities, a slice probability mapping method was proposed to learn the transformation from slice-level to individual-level classification. We conducted experiments on a large dataset of 1202 subjects from ten institutes in China. The results demonstrated that 1) the proposed DCN attained a classification accuracy of 96.74% on the internal dataset and 92.87% on the external validation dataset, thereby outperforming other models; 2) DCN obtained comparable performance with fewer samples and exhibited higher sensitivity, especially in subtle lesion detection; and 3) DCN provided good interpretability on the loci of infection compared to other deep models due to its classification guided by high-level semantic information. An online CT-based diagnostic platform for COVID-19 derived from our proposed framework is now available.
Fully automated dried blood spot sample handling and extraction for serological testing of human anti-SARS-COV-2 antibodies	Gaugler,  S,  Sotas, et al	Drug Test Anal	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes Immunology | Immunologie	Here, we present a novel method for the fully automated dried blood spot (DBS) sample handling and extraction for serological testing of human IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 using a commercial ELISA testing kit.  Study successfully demonstrates the recovery of antibodies in their intact form from DBS. Due to the ease of DBS collection, no third party need be involved, making at-home sampling possible
An 89-Year-Old Man with COVID-19-Associated Coagulopathy Presenting with a Prolonged Partial Thromboplastin Time, Lupus Anticoagulant, and a High Titer of Factor VIII Inhibitor	Ghafouri,  S,  Rettig, et al	Am J Case Rep	Clinical data| Données cliniques	An 89-year-old man with a medical history of hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and advanced prostate cancer in remission presented with generalized weakness. At our center, a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction test was positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, but the patient did not have symptoms of COVID-19. He was also found to have a prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time, secondary to both a high titer of factor VIII inhibitor and a lupus anticoagulant. He eventually developed respiratory compromise, during which his disease manifested as a bleeding rather than a prothrombotic state.
33067320; Impact of COVID-19 on patients with rheumatic complications of cancer immunotherapy: results of a registry survey	Ghosh,  N,  Tirpack, et al	Journal for immunotherapy of cancer	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of COVID-19 infection and assess changes in Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) and immunosuppressive medication use among patients enrolled in a prospective rheumatic irAE registry during the height of the COVID-19 pandemic. we sent a 23-question survey to 88 living patients enrolled in a single institutional registry of patients with rheumatic irAE. Questions addressed current cancer and rheumatic irAE status, ICI and immunosuppressant medication use, history of COVID-19 symptoms and/or diagnosed infection. Sixty-five (74%) patients completed the survey. Six patients (10%) had definite or probable COVID-19, but all recovered uneventfully, including two still on ICI and on low-to-moderate dose prednisone. Of the 25 on ICI within the last 6 months, seven (28%) had their ICI held due to the pandemic. The incidence of COVID-19 was no higher on patients still on ICI.
Risk perception and precautionary health behavior toward COVID-19 among health professionals working in selected public university hospitals in Ethiopia	Girma,  S,  Agenagnew, et al	PLoS One	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This study was designed to determine risk perception and precautionary health behavior toward COVID-19 among health professionals working in selected public university hospitals of Ethiopia. Participants mean score of perceived vulnerability of coronavirus disease was higher than some of the prevalent infectious disease in the area.
Attitudes on Voluntary and Mandatory Vaccination against COVID-19: Evidence from Germany	Graeber,  Daniel,  Schmidt-Petri, et al	SSRN- Lancet prepublication	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	We study the willingness to get vaccinated and the acceptance of a policy of mandatory vaccination against COVID-19 in June and July 2020 in Germany based on a representative real time survey, a random sub-sample (SOEP-CoV) of the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP). About 70 percent of adults in Germany would voluntarily get vaccinated against the corona virus if a vaccine without side effects was available. About half of residents of Germany are in favour, and half against, a policy of mandatory vaccination. The approval rate for mandatory vaccination is significantly higher among those who would get vaccinated voluntarily (around 60 percent) than among those who would not be vaccinated voluntarily (27 percent). The individual willingness to get vaccinated and acceptance of a policy of mandatory vaccination correlates systematically with sociodemographic and psychological characteristics of the respondents.
Swab-free transport as an optimized pre-analytical workflow for SARS-COV-2 amplification	Greene,  DN,  Matthys, et al	J Appl Lab Med	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	Efficient detection of SARS-CoV-2 will continue to be an invaluable tool for pandemic control. Current instructions specify that the collection swab should be transported within its collection media to the laboratory. Developing a process whereby this swab is removed before transport to the lab would allow for improved automation and decreased manual manipulation of samples. A proof of principle approach was taken by eluting viral particles from flocked swabs into collection buffer with and without a mucus background. Paired swab-free and swab-containing samples were transported to the laboratory and evaluated for SARS-CoV-2 (n = 28) or RNaseP (n = 6). SARS-CoV-2 was detected in all proof of principle samples with Ct values indicative of dilution. The rare exception was for a few samples where the dilution pushed the viral load below the LOD. Paired samples were 100% concordant for SARS-CoV-2 and RNaseP detection. Discarding the swab after inoculating the transport buffer is an appropriate pre-analytical modification. Adopting this approach can save up to 1 minute/sample. For labs processing more than 500 samples/day this equates to one full time equivalent shift/day.
32979322; COVID-19: Recovery Models for Radiology Departments	Guitron,  S,  Pianykh, et al	Journal of the American College of Radiology	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	To guide radiology planning and recovery from this unprecedented impact, three recovery models were developed to predict imaging volume over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic: (1) a long-term volume model with three scenarios based on prior disease outbreaks and other historical analogues, to aid in long-term planning when the pandemic was just beginning; (2) a short-term volume model based on the supply-demand approach, leveraging increasingly available COVID-19 data points to predict examination volume on a week-to-week basis; and (3) a next-wave model to estimate the impact from future COVID-19 surges. The authors present these models as techniques that can be used at any stage in an unpredictable pandemic timeline.
Profiling SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease (M(PRO)) Binding to Repurposed Drugs Using Molecular Dynamics Simulations in Classical and Neural Network-Trained Force Fields	Gupta,  A,  Zhou, et al	ACS Comb Sci	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	Here, we report a computation-based workflow for efficiently selecting a subset of FDA-approved drugs that can potentially bind to the SARS-CoV-2 main protease M(PRO). The workflow started with docking (using Autodock Vina) each of 1615 FDA-approved drugs to the M(PRO) active site. This step selected 62 candidates with docking energies lower than -8.5 kcal/mol. Then, the 62 docked protein-drug complexes were subjected to 100 ns of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations in a molecular mechanics (MM) force field (CHARMM36). This step reduced the candidate pool to 26, based on the root-mean-square-deviations (RMSDs) of the drug molecules in the trajectories. Finally, we modeled the 26 drug molecules by a pseudoquantum mechanical (ANI) force field and ran 5 ns hybrid ANI/MM MD simulations of the 26 protein-drug complexes. ANI was trained by neural network models on quantum mechanical density functional theory (wB97X/6-31G(d)) data points. An RMSD cutoff winnowed down the pool to 12, and free energy analysis (MM/PBSA) produced the final selection of 9 drugs: dihydroergotamine, midostaurin, ziprasidone, etoposide, apixaban, fluorescein, tadalafil, rolapitant, and palbociclib. Of these, three are found to be active in literature reports of experimental studies. To provide physical insight into their mechanism of action, the interactions of the drug molecules with the protein are presented as 2D-interaction maps. These findings and mappings of drug-protein interactions may be potentially used to guide rational drug discovery against COVID-19.
Frequency of Pulmonary Embolism in Patients With COVID-19	Hammer,  MM,  Hunsaker, et al	JACC: Cardiovascular Imaging	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	Evaluated the rate of pulmonary embolism (PE) in patients with COVID-19 compared to controls who were tested but found to be negative for the virus.  A total of 709 CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA) were identified; 13 non-diagnostic studies were excluded, leaving 696 CTPAs from 674 patients. The median age was 63 (range 17 – 100), 352 (52%) were female, and 167 (25%) were COVID-19 positive. Of 170 CTPAs in patients with COVID-19, 20 (11.8%) were positive for PE, compared to 45 of 526 (8.6%) CTPAs in patients without COVID-19. The average D-dimer level for patients with COVID-19 was 2616 ng/ml, versus 2354 ng/ml for patients without COVID-19 (p=0.12). D-dimer was predictive of pulmonary embolism in both groups, with AUC of 0.825 (95% CI 0.687 – 0.922) for patients with COVID-19 and 0.810 (95% CI 0.727 – 0.875) for patients without COVID-19. Multivariable logistic regression analysis for diagnosis of PE showed that among age, sex, COVID-19 status, intubation, and Ddimer, the only significant variable was D-dimer (range odds ratio 36.1, p<0.0001).
Integrated Survival Estimates for Cancer Treatment Delay Among Adults With Cancer During the COVID-19 Pandemic	Hartman,  HE,  Sun, et al	JAMA Oncol	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	The objective of this study was to create a decision analytical model to obtain quantitative integration of cancer-specific and COVID-19-specific mortality estimates that can be used to make optimal decisions for individual patients and optimize resource allocation. At the time of the study, the OncCOVID web application allowed for the selection of up to 47 individualized variables to assess net survival for an individual patient with cancer. Substantial heterogeneity was found regarding the association between delayed cancer treatment and net survival among patients with a given cancer type and stage, and these 2 variables were insufficient to discriminate the net impact of immediate vs delayed treatment. Individualized overall survival estimates were associated with patient age, number of comorbidities, treatment received, and specific local community estimates of COVID-19 risk.
Potential of Ficus microcarpa metabolites against SARS-CoV-2 main protease supported by docking studies	Hassan,  HA,  Abdelmohsen, et al	Nat Prod Res	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	Searching for protease inhibitors is a challenging task in controlling COVID 19. Genus Ficus is known to be a rich source of phenolic compounds. Metabolic profiling of leaves methanolic extract of Ficus microcarpa (Moraceae) revealed nine compounds (1-9) mainly phenolics. Docking studies concerning these compounds against SARS-CoV-2 main protease showed that quercetin 3,7-O-α-L-dirhamnoside (1) and rutin (3) possessed significant binding stability at the N3 binding site in different activity degrees, which is comparable with COVID-19 main protease inhibitor, darunavir. Our study suggests that compounds quercetin 3,7-O-α-L-dirhamnoside and rutin might be potential candidates for the development of therapies against SARS-CoV-2.
PMC7591145; The psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and associated risk factors during the initial stage among the general population in India	Hazarika,  M,  Das, et al	Open J Psychiatry Allied Sci	Mental Health | santé mentale	This study used a cross-sectional online survey to assess the psychological status of the Indian population during the initial phase of lockdown. The link to the survey was shared in different social networking platforms between 6th and 22nd of April 2020. The questionnaire collected responses related to the sociodemographic variables, exposure history, precautionary measures used, and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) score. A total of 541 participants responded to the questionnaire. Only 422 respondents' responses from 23 states of India who completed the questionnaire were included for assessment. The mean age of the participants was 30.5 (SD=10.9) years. Female constituted 60.4% (n=255) of the respondents. The pre-existing medical illness that the respondents had were diabetes mellitus, four per cent (n=17), hypertension, five per cent (n=21), thyroid dysfunction, nine per cent (n=38), and mental illness, five per cent (n=21). The median (IQR) of the DASS-21 item scale was found to be 16 (4-32). The percentage of the respondents who reported stress was 35.5% (n=149), anxiety, 32% (n=135), and depression, 34.7% (n=146). Respondents with sociodemographic variables like being single, student status, competed education till graduation, homemakers, working in public sector, and history of mental illness were more likely to experience stress, anxiety, and depression. A majority of the respondents were practicing hand hygiene and social distancing. Respondents who were unaware of their exposure status were more likely to have depression.
A Stochastic Control Approach to Fight COVID-19	Hess,  Markus	SSRN- Lancet prepublication	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	In this paper, we present several optimal control approaches which are designed to control and regulate the evolution of infection numbers in the COVID-19 disease. In our setting, the number of infected people at a certain location is modeled by a continuous-time stochastic process which can be affected by a related stochastic control process. We use mathematical tools from stochastic analysis and optimal control theory. In particular, we prove an innovative stochastic maximum principle for continuous-state branching processes with immigration (so-called CBI processes) and apply the result to a stochastic control problem stemming from epidemiology. Note: Funding: Missing. Declaration of Interests: Missing.
Guillain-Barré syndrome after COVID-19 in Japan	Hirayama,  T,  Hongo, et al	BMJ Case Rep	Clinical data| Données cliniques	We report the first case of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in Japan. A 54-year-old woman developed neurological symptoms after SARS-CoV-2 infection. We tested for various antiganglioside antibodies, that had not been investigated in previous cases. The patient was diagnosed with GBS based on neurological and electrophysiological findings; no antiganglioside antibodies were detected. In previous reports, most patients with SARS-CoV-2-infection-related GBS had lower limb predominant symptoms, and antiganglioside antibody tests were negative.
Surveillance of early stage COVID-19 clusters using search query logs and mobile device-based location information	Hisada,  S,  Murayama, et al	Sci Rep	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Surveillance	This study employed web search query logs of multiple devices and user location information from location-aware mobile devices to identify clusters of COVID-19 in Japan. In the early stage of cluster development, authors confirmed several people who were suspicious of their own COVID-19 infection (WSSCI).
33031764; Lopinavir–ritonavir in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 (RECOVERY): a randomised, controlled, open-label, platform trial	Horby,  PW,  Mafham, et al	The Lancet	Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique RCT	Report the results of a randomised trial to assess whether lopinavir–ritonavir improves outcomes in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19. Between March 19, 2020, and June 29, 2020, 1616 patients were randomly allocated to receive lopinavir–ritonavir and 3424 patients to receive usual care. Overall, 374 patients allocated to lopinavir–ritonavir and 767 patients allocated to usual care died within 28 days (rate ratio 1.03). Results were consistent across all prespecified subgroups of patients. We observed no significant difference in time until discharge alive from hospital (median 11 days in both groups) or the proportion of patients discharged from hospital alive within 28 days (rate ratio 0.98). Among patients not on invasive mechanical ventilation at baseline, there was no significant difference in the proportion who met the composite endpoint of invasive mechanical ventilation or death (risk ratio 1.09).
Delayed hospital admission and high-dose corticosteroids potentially prolong SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection duration of patients with COVID-19	Hu,  Z,  Li, et al	Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis	Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	We included 206 adult patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 from two hospitals between 23 Jan and 1 April 2020. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analysis was used to screen out independent risk factors of SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection. By LASSO and multivariate Cox regression analyses, we observed that delayed hospital admission, subpleural lesion, and high-dose corticosteroid use were independent risk factors of prolonged SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection. Early hospital admission shortened 5.73 days of mean duration of SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection than delayed hospital admission after adjusting confounding factors.
Kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 positivity of infected and recovered patients from a single center	Huang,  J,  Zheng, et al	Sci Rep	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	This study defined the kinetics and relevance of PCR-positive recurrence during recovery from acute COVID-19 to better understand risks for prolonged infectivity and reinfection. 16.7% recovered patients with PCR positive recurring one to three times, despite being in strict quarantine. Younger patients with mild pulmonary respiratory syndrome had higher risk of PCR positivity recurrence. The recurrence prediction model had an area under the ROC curve of 0.786. This case series provides characteristics of patients with recurrent SARS-CoV-2 positivity.
Performance of Digital Contact Tracing Tools for COVID-19 Response in Singapore: Cross-Sectional Study	Huang,  Z,  Guo, et al	JMIR Mhealth Uhealth	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de sant&amp;eacute; publique	This study aims to compare the performance of the contact tracing app-TraceTogether-with that of a wearable tag-based real-time locating system (RTLS) and to validate them against the electronic medical records at the National Centre for Infectious Diseases (NCID), the national referral center for COVID-19 screening in Singapore. TraceTogether had a much lower sensitivity than RTLS tags for identifying patient contacts in a clinical setting.
Pleural effusion as an isolated finding in COVID-19 infection	Hussein,  M,  Haq, et al	Respiratory Medicine Case Reports	Clinical data| Données cliniques	We present a 52 years old patient with a three-week history of right-sided pleuritic chest pain, fever, and dyspnea. Laboratory investigations revealed high C-reactive protein and ferritin levels and a positive COVID-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from a nasopharyngeal swab. Chest X-ray and Computed tomography (CT) identified a moderate right-sided pleural effusion, which was exudative with mixed cellularity and high Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH).
COVID-19 Mitigation Behaviors by Age Group - United States, April-June 2020	Hutchins,  HJ,  Wolff, et al	MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The Data Foundation COVID Impact Survey collected nationally representative data on reported mitigation behaviors during April-June 2020 among adults in the United States aged ≥18 years. Reported use of face masks increased from 78% in April, to 83% in May, and reached 89% in June; however, other reported mitigation behaviors (e.g., hand washing, social distancing, and avoiding public or crowded places) declined marginally or remained unchanged. At each time point, the prevalence of reported mitigation behaviors was lowest among younger adults (aged 18-29 years) and highest among older adults (aged ≥60 years).
Evaluation of chest CT and clinical features of COVID-19 patient in Macao	Ieong,  CM,  Xu, et al	European Journal of Radiology Open	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	In this study, we summarized the radiological features of the 45 confirmed COVID-19 cases until May 2, 2020 in Macao and analyzed relationship between the clinical characteristics and radiological findings. This study showed that chest CT manifestations of COVID-19 were multiple ground-glass densities in both lungs. We also found the age, smoking and hypertension may be risk factor for predicting the severity of COVID-19 in radiology.
The psychological impact of coronavirus on university students and its socio-economic determinants in Malaysia	Irfan,  Muhammad,  Shahudin, et al	medRxiv	Mental Health | santé mentale	This article examines the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) upon university students anxiety level and finds the factors associated with the anxiety disorder in Malaysia. We found that 12.3% students were normal, whereas 30.5% were experiencing mild, 31.1% moderate, and 26.1% severe anxiety. Surprisingly, only 37.2% of students were aware of mental health support which was provided by their universities. Moreover, it was found that gender as male (Odds Ratio (OR= 0.798, 95% Confidence Interval (CI)= 0.61-1.04)) and having internet access (OR = 0.44, 95% CI= 0.24-0.80) were alleviating factors for the anxiety. Whereas, age above than 20 years (OR= 1.30, 95% CI= 0.96-1.75), ethnicity Chinese (OR=1.72, 95% CI= 0.95-3.1), any other disease (OR=2.0, 95% CI=1.44-2.79), decreased family income (OR=1.71, 95% CI=1.34-2.17), more time spent on watching COVID-19 related news (OR=1.52, 95% CI=1.17-1.97), and infected relative or friends (OR=1.62, 95% CI=1.06-2.50) were risk factors for anxiety among students.
PMC7493767; COVID-19: Transatlantic Declines in Pediatric Emergency Admissions	Isba,  R,  Edge, et al	Pediatr Emerg Care	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This cross-sectional study examined the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on pediatric emergency department (PED) attendances and admissions (as a proxy for severity of illness) in the United States and United Kingdom.  Attendance numbers for each PED decreased in 2020 compared with 2019 (RMCH, 29.2%; YNHCH, 24.8%). Odds of admission were significantly higher after lockdown than in 2019-RMCH (odds ratio, 1.26; 95% confidence interval, 1.08-1.46) and YNHCH (odds ratio, 1.60; 95% confidence interval, 1.31-1.98).
32987182; SARS-COV2 infection in 30 HIV-infected patients followed-up in a French University Hospital	Isernia,  V,  Julia, et al	International Journal of Infectious Diseases	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	The objective of the study was to describe the clinical characteristics of PLWHIV diagnosed for SARS-COV2 infection.  Eighteen (60%) patients were men, 10/30 (33,3%) women and 2/30 (6,7%) transgender women. Median age was 53,7 years (range 30–80 years) and 23/30 patients (76,7%) were born in a foreign country (out of France). The most common comorbidities were cardiovascular disease (11/30, 36,7%), hypertension (11/30, 36,7%), diabetes (9/30,30%) obesity (7/30, 23%) and chronic renal disease (5/30, 16,7%). Twenty (66,7%) patients presented overweight. Five patients (16,7%) had a Charlson comorbidity (Quan et al., 2011) score ≥3. Twenty-seven (90%) patients were virologically suppressed.CD4 count was >500 cell/mm 3 in 23/30 (76,6%) patients. An antiviral treatment for SARS-COV2 was administered, in addition to HIV treatment, in 5/30 patients (16,3%). Twenty-four patients (80%) recovered from covid-19, 3/30 (10%) required invasive mechanical ventilation, 2/30 (6,7%) patients died and 4/30 (13,3%) patients were still hospitalized. Most of the patients were virologically suppressed with CD4>500 mm3. Risk factors were the same as those described in other SARS-COV2 series, suggesting that HIV infection is probably not an independent risk factor for covid-19.
Clinical course of COVID-19 patients treated with ECMO: A multicenter study in Daegu, South Korea	Jang,  WS,  Kim, et al	Heart and Lung	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	This purpose of study is to describe the clinical course of COVID-19 patients treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Among the 80 patients receiving mechanical ventilation support, 19 (24%) were treated with ECMO included (median age 63.0 years). Eight of the 19 patients (42%) were weaned off ECMO (9.8 days, IQR 7.0-13.7). According to the univariate analysis, the factor that was associated with successful ECMO weaning was vitamin B12 treatment (p = 0.028).
The psychological impact of the coronavirus disease pandemic on hospital workers in Daegu, South Korea	Jo,  SH,  Koo, et al	Comprehensive psychiatry	Mental Health | santé mentale	Assessed the immediate stress and psychological impact experienced by healthcare workers and other personnel during the Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. The participating nurses and auxiliary staff members had significantly higher Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) scores than the physicians. During the second evaluation, the IES-R scores of the high-risk participants had decreased by 13.67 ± 16.15 points, and their Clinical Global Impressions-Severity (CGI-S) scores had decreased by 1.00 ± 0.74 points. The psychological symptoms of the high-risk group who received telephone-based psychiatric consultation showed improvement after 2 weeks.
Knowledge, attitude and practice towards COVID-19 pandemic among keralites and the barriers involved-an online web survey	John,  AM,  Ashwathi, et al	International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	We investigate the level of knowledge and perception of the Keralites about COVID-19 and to explore the barriers involved to curb its transmission. The overall correct rate on knowledge assessment was 59.2%. Chi-Square test exhibited a noteworthy association between the different levels of knowledge and demographic characteristics (P < 0.0001). We concluded that the Keralites demonstrated good knowledge, optimistic attitude and safer practices towards COVID-19 and its subsequent lockdown period.
SARS-CoV-2 Infection in the Third Trimester Is Not an Independent Risk Factor for Immature Immune Function in Preterm Infants	Junwen,  Zheng,  Pin, et al	SSRN- Lancet prepublication	Clinical data| Données cliniques Immunology | Immunologie	To investigate if there is a correlation between maternal SARs-CoV-2 infection and immature immunologic function in preterm infants.  From February 2020 to May 2020, 57 premature infants of gestational age (GA) less than 37 weeks (28 +3 -36 +5wks ) born to 48 mothers were hospitalized in Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan China. Among them, 14 premature infants were delivered by 13 mothers infected with SARS-CoV-2 in the third trimester. After birth, new-borns’ peripheral blood was collected, and immune cells counts and cytokine concentrations were assessed. Absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) and CD4 cells of preterm infants increased with GA. CD3, CD4, CD8, CD19, CD16-56 cell counts were positively correlated with ALC. Concentrations of IL-2, IL-4, IFN-γ and TNF-α were in the normal reference range and were not correlated with GA and birth weight (BW). Median IL-6 level in preterm infants was 14.71 pg/ml (IQR 6.47-46.14 pg/ml), which was 5.07-fold higher than the reference intervals, 3.9 pg/ml (IQR, 1.79-14.28 pg/ml), and the ratio of IL-6/IL-10 was 3.77. IL-10 was positively correlated with IL-2, IL-4 and IL-6. Immune cell counts, cytokine levels and clinical prognosis of premature infants born to mothers with SARS-CoV-2 were not different from those without maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Preoperative COVID-19 testing for elective vitreoretinal surgeries: Experience from a major tertiary care institute in South India	Kannan,  NB,  Sen, et al	Indian J Ophthalmol	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This research studied the prevalence of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 virus infection (COVID-19) among patients undergoing elective vitreoretinal surgeries at a tertiary care eye hospital.  Out of a total of 413 patients who were given appointments for surgery during this period, nine patients (2.2%) were found to have positive RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2, and their surgeries were postponed. The test positivity (prevalence) rate of asymptomatic COVID-19 infection among all elective vitreoretinal surgical patients in our hospital was 2.2%. None of the patients were symptomatic for COVID-19.
COVID-19 cytokines and the hyperactive immune response: Synergism of TNF-α and IFN-γ in triggering inflammation, tissue damage, and death	Karki,  Rajendra,  Sharma, et al	bioRxiv	Therapeutics| Thérapeutique Animal model | Modèle animal	Of the multiple inflammatory cytokines produced by innate immune cells during SARS-CoV-2 infection, we found that the combined production of TNF-α and IFN-γ specifically induced inflammatory cell death, PANoptosis, characterized by gasdermin-mediated pyroptosis, caspase-8-mediated apoptosis, and MLKL-mediated necroptosis. Deletion of pyroptosis, apoptosis, or necroptosis mediators individually was not sufficient to protect against cell death. However, cells deficient in both RIPK3 and caspase-8 or RIPK3 and FADD were resistant to this cell death. Mechanistically, the STAT1/IRF1 axis activated by TNF-α and IFN-γ co-treatment induced iNOS for the production of nitric oxide. Pharmacological and genetic deletion of this pathway inhibited pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis in macrophages. Moreover, inhibition of PANoptosis protected mice from TNF-α and IFN-γ-induced lethal cytokine shock that mirrors the pathological symptoms of COVID-19. In vivo neutralization of both TNF-α and IFN-γ in multiple disease models associated with cytokine storm showed that this treatment provided substantial protection against not only SARS-CoV-2 infection, but also sepsis, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, and cytokine shock models, demonstrating the broad physiological relevance of this mechanism.
COVID-19 Severity and Stroke: Correlation of Imaging and Laboratory Markers	Katz,  JM,  Libman, et al	AJNR Am J Neuroradiol	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	Authors hypothesize that patients who develop stroke while hospitalized for severe COVID-19 will have higher inflammatory markers and distinct stroke imaging patterns compared with patients positive for COVID-19 with out-of-hospital stroke onset and milder or no COVID-19 symptoms. Patients with stroke hospitalized with severe COVID-19 are characterized by higher inflammatory, coagulopathy, and tissue-damage biomarkers, supporting proposed pathogenic mechanisms of hyperinflammation activating a prothrombotic state.
33038445; The additional contribution of second nasopharyngeal PCR to COVID-19 diagnosis in patients with negative initial test	Kayaaslan,  B,  Kaya Kalem, et al	Medecine et Maladies Infectieuses	Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	In this study, we aimed to investigate the contribution of second SARS-CoV-2 PCR to diagnosis in patients with a suspicion of COVID-19 whose initial test was negative. A total of 1449 patients were hospitalized in infectious disease clinics with the suspicion of COVID-19 infection during the study period. We performed the second PCR test in 702/766 patients whose first tests were negative and only 6.6% (46) of them were positive. The strategy of using the second nasopharyngeal PCR test to confirm or exclude the diagnosis seems to cause the loss of labor and time, and is costly, because its additional contribution to the first test is very low.
PMC7497604; Lung Point-of-Care Ultrasound in Pediatric COVID-19: A Case Series	Kennedy,  TM,  Malia, et al	Pediatr Emerg Care	Clinical data| Données cliniques	The objective of this case series was to describe lung POCUS findings in pediatric patients with COVID-19. Point-of-care ultrasound revealed bilateral abnormalities in all patients, including pleural line irregularities, scattered and coalescing B-lines, consolidations, and pleural effusions.
Predictive value of initial CT scan for various adverse outcomes in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia	Khosravi,  B,  Aghaghazvini, et al	Heart and Lung	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	This study investigates the predictive value of CT severity score (CSS) for length-of-stay (LOS) in hospital, initial disease severity, ICU admission, intubation, and mortality. We found a significant but weak correlation between CSS and qSOFA, as a measure of disease severity (r: 0.261, p = 0.003). No significant association was demonstrated between CSS and LOS.
Mathematical model of covid-19 transmission dynamics in South Korea: The impacts of travel restrictions, social distancing, and early detection	Kim,  BN,  Kim, et al	Processes	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Public health interventions*| Interventions de sant&amp;eacute; publique	In this study a two-patch mathematical model with a mobility matrix is developed to capture this significant spatial heterogeneity of COVID-19 outbreaks from 18 February to 24 March 2020. The mobility matrix is taken from the movement data provided by the Korea Transport Institute (KOTI). Our simulations show that travel restrictions between the epicenter and the rest of Korea effectively prevented massive outbreaks in the rest of Korea.
A national survey of COVID-19 challenges, responses and effects in Australian general practice	Kippen,  R,  Hickson, et al	Aust J Gen Pract	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	A national cross-sectional online survey of Australian general practitioners was conducted in April and May 2020, with 572 respondents.  Australian general practices have undertaken major innovation and realignment to respond to staff safety and patient care challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Fulminant myocarditis and atrial fibrillation in child with acute COVID-19	Kohli,  U,  Meinert, et al	Journal of electrocardiology	Clinical data| Données cliniques	We report a 15 year-old girl with acute COVID-19, fulminant myocarditis and AFib. AFib, an exceedingly rare arrhythmia in otherwise healthy children, has not been reported in children with COVID-19.
Trends in the Use of Telehealth During the Emergence of the COVID-19 Pandemic - United States, January-March 2020	Koonin,  LM,  Hoots, et al	MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	To examine changes in the frequency of use of telehealth services during the early pandemic period, CDC analyzed deidentified encounter (i.e., visit) data from four of the largest U.S. telehealth providers that offer services in all states. Trends in telehealth encounters during January-March 2020 (surveillance weeks 1-13) were compared with encounters occurring during the same weeks in 2019. During the first quarter of 2020, the number of telehealth visits increased by 50%, compared with the same period in 2019, with a 154% increase in visits noted in surveillance week 13 in 2020, compared with the same period in 2019. During January-March 2020, most encounters were from patients seeking care for conditions other than COVID-19. However, the proportion of COVID-19-related encounters significantly increased (from 5.5% to 16.2%; p<0.05) during the last 3 weeks of March 2020 (surveillance weeks 11-13).
SARS-CoV-2 INFECTION IN AN INFANT WITH SEVERE DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY	Kristoffersen,  AW,  Knudsen, et al	Cardiol Young	Clinical data| Données cliniques	A four- and a half-month-old girl with severe dilated cardiomyopathy due to neonatal enterovirus-myocarditis, treated with diuretics and milrinone for the past four months, was infected with SARS-CoV-2. The disease course was characterized by high fever and gastrointestinal symptoms. Cardiac function, as measured by echocardiography, remained stable. Treatment focused on maintaining a normal heart rate and a stable fluid balance. In children with severe underlying cardiac disease, even a mild SARS-CoV-2 infection can require close monitoring and compound treatment.
Hospital-based headache care during the Covid-19 pandemic in Denmark and Norway	Kristoffersen,  ES,  Faiz, et al	J Headache Pain	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This study investigated how the initial phase of the Covid-19 pandemic affected the hospital management of headache in Denmark and Norway. The responder rate was 91% (29/32). Of the neurological departments 86% changed their headache practice during the lockdown. The most common change was a shift to more telephone consultations (86%). Video consultations were offered by 45%. The number of new headache referrals decreased. Only 36% administered botulinum toxin A treatment according to usual schemes. Sixty% reported that fewer patients were admitted for in-hospital emergency diagnostics and treatment. Among departments conducting headache research 57% had to halt ongoing projects. Overall, 54% reported that the standard of care was worse for headache patients during the pandemic.
32979407; Determination of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies with assays from Diasorin, Roche and IDvet	Krüttgen,  A,  Cornelissen, et al	Journal of virological methods	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	There is an ongoing need for highly reliable serological assays to detect individuals with past SARS-CoV-2 infection. Using 75 sera from patients tested positive or negative by SARS-CoV-2 PCR, we investigated the sensitivity and specificity of the Liaison SARS-CoV-2 S1/S2 IgG assay (DiaSorin), the Elecsys Anti-SARS-CoV-2 assay (Roche), and the ID Screen SARS-CoV-2-N IgG indirect kit (IDVet). We determined a sensitivity of 95.5 %, 95.5 %, and 100 % and a specificity of 90.5 %, 96.2 %, and 92.5 % for the DiaSorin assay, the Roche assay, and the IDVet assay, respectively. We conclude that serologic assays combining very high sensitivity and specificity are still not commercially available for SARS-CoV-2. For maximizing sensitivity and specificity of SARS-CoV-2 serological diagnostics, the combination of two assays may be helpful. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.
Analysis of the early Covid-19 epidemic curve in Germany by regression models with change points	Küchenhoff,  Helmut,  Guenther, et al	medRxiv	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de sant&amp;eacute; publique	We analyze the Covid-19 epidemic curve from March to end of April 2020 in Germany. Analyses show a major change between March 9th and 13th for the time series of infections: from a strong increase to a stagnation or a slight decrease. Another change was found between March 24th and March 31st, where the decline intensified. These two major changes can be related to different governmental measures.
Modeling the Opening SARS-CoV-2 Spike: an Investigation of its Dynamic Electro-Geometric Properties	Kucherova,  Anna,  Strango, et al	bioRxiv	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	Here we report on extensive electrostatic calculations done on an exascale simulation of the opening of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein.
Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody response among Indian COVID-19 patients using β-propiolactone-inactivated, whole virus-based indirect ELISA	Kulkarni,  R,  Patil, et al	Journal of virological methods	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes Immunology | Immunologie	An indirect IgG ELISA was developed indigenously using β-propiolactone (BPL) inactivated SARS-CoV-2. This assay was used for screening 200 healthy donor sera collected prior to COVID-19 emergence (2017–2019), 185 serum/plasma samples of confirmed COVID-19 patients (n = 137) and 57 samples of viral RNA positive asymptomatic contacts (n = 51). The IgG response was studied in relation to duration and severity of illness. The ELISA demonstrated 97 % specificity and IgG detection in >50 %, 80 %, 93.8 % and 100 % of the patients respectively during the first, second, third and fourth week of illness. IgG detection rate was higher in patients with severe disease (SD, 90.9 %) than those with mild disease (MD, 68.8 %) during the second week of illness (P = 0.027). IgG seropositivity among asymptomatic contacts was 64.7 %. IgG ELISA absorbance values were higher in SD than MD patients during the first 2 weeks of illness (P < 0.05). No significant difference was observed between the absorbance values of asymptomatic subjects and MD patients (P = 0.94). The BPL inactivated virus-based ELISA could detect IgG antibodies early and in a significant proportion of COVID-19 patients suggesting its potential utility as a supplement to the currently used viral RNA detection tests in patient diagnosis and contact screening algorithms.
Few Excess Mortality in Japan in August, 2020 since January, 2020	Kurita,  Junko,  Sugawara, et al	medRxiv	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	We sought to quantify excess mortality in April using the National Institute of Infectious Diseases (NIID) model. Results show very few excess mortality in August, 2020, when the following month of the peak of the COVID-19 outbreak.
Anakinra To Prevent Respiratory Failure In COVID-19	Kyriazopoulou,  Evdoxia,  Panagopoulos, et al	medRxiv	Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	We investigated if early suPAR (soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor)-guided anakinra treatment could prevent COVID-19-assocated severe respiratory failure (SRF).  In this open-label prospective trial, 130 patients admitted with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia SARS-CoV-2 and suPAR levels ≥6 μg/l were assigned to subcutaneous anakinra 100mg once daily for 10 days. Early suPAR-guided anakinra treatment is associated with decrease of the risk for SRF and restoration of the pro- /anti-inflammatory balance.
Space-Time Covid-19 Bayesian SIR modeling in South Carolina	Lawson,  AndrewB,  Kim, et al	arXiv	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	The state of South Carolina in the USA has seen cases since early March 2020 and a primary peak in early April 2020. A lockdown was imposed on April 6th but lifting of restrictions started on April 24th. The daily case and death data as reported by NCHS (deaths) via the New York Times GitHUB repository have been analyzed and approaches to modeling of the data are presented. Prediction is also considered and the role of asymptomatic transmission is assessed as a latent unobserved effect. Two different time periods are examined and one step prediction is provided.
Neutrophil-Platelet and Monocyte-Platelet Aggregates in COVID-19 Patients	Le Joncour,  A,  Biard, et al	Thromb Haemost	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	This study aimed to explore neutrophil–platelet aggregate (NPA) and monocyte–platelet aggregate (MPA) in patients hospitalized in a medical ward for COVID-19 infection. Twenty-seven patients were included, 14 (52%) were males with a median age of 71 years. Thirteen patients were classified with “moderate” and 14 with  severe” COVID-19 pneumopathy. Patients with severe disease were more frequently males compared with patients with moderate disease: 10/14 versus 4/13.  Levels of hemoglobin, C-reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen, and ferritin were higher in severe patients compared with moderate patients. At baseline, we found an increase in proportion of both NPA and MPA in COVID-19 patients compared with healthy donor (17.9 vs. 3.1%, and 20.1 vs. 4.5%,  respectively). Furthermore, levels of NPA and MPA were significantly higher in severe patients relative to patients with moderate disease (25.2%  vs. 14.1% ,and 33.6%  vs. 18.4% respectively). We report here the first evidence of platelet and leucocyte aggregates in COVID-19 suggesting that platelets are in a preactivated state and can contribute to the microthrombotic complication in severe patients. Next, we pointed out a positive correlation between levels of NPA and MPA with CRP (r ¼ 0.658,  and r ¼ 0.563, respectively) and IL-6 (r ¼ 0.628 and r ¼ 0.694).
A novel rapid detection for SARS-CoV-2 spike 1 antigens using human angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)	Lee,  JH,  Choi, et al	Biosensors and Bioelectronics	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	In this study, we designed and developed a novel rapid detection method for SARS-CoV-2 spike 1 (S1) protein using the SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2, which can form matched pairs with commercially available antibodies. ACE2 and S1-mAb were paired with each other for capture and detection in a lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) that did not cross-react with SARS-CoV Spike 1 or MERS-CoV Spike 1 protein. The SARS-CoV-2 S1 (<5 ng of recombinant proteins/reaction) was detected by the ACE2-based LFIA. The limit of detection of our ACE2-LFIA was 1.86 × 105 copies/mL in the clinical specimen of COVID-19 Patients without no cross-reactivity for nasal swabs from healthy subjects. This is the first study to detect SARS-CoV-2 S1 antigen using an LFIA with matched pair consisting of ACE2 and antibody. Our findings will be helpful to detect the S1 antigen of SARS-CoV-2 from COVID-19 patients.
Factors associated with clinical outcomes in patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Guangzhou, China	Lei,  C,  Lin, et al	Journal of Clinical Virology	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	This study describes the clinical characteristics and explore virological and immunological factors associated with clinical outcomes of COVID-19.  297 COVID-19 patients hospitalized in Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital between January 20 and February 20, 2020 were included. Epidemiological, clinical and laboratory data were collected and analyzed. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA in respiratory tract, blood samples and digestive tract was detected and lymphocyte subsets were tested periodically. Among the 297 patients (median age of 48 years), 154 (51.9 %) were female, 245 (82.5 %) mild/moderate cases, and 52 (17.5 %) severe/critical cases. 270 patients were detected for SARS-CoV-2 RNA in anal swabs and/or blood samples, and the overall positive rate was 23.0 % (62/270), higher in severe/critical cases than in mild/moderate cases (52.0 % vs. 16.4 %, P < 0.001). The CD4/CD8 ratio on admission was significantly higher in severe/critical cases than in mild/moderate cases (1.84 vs. 1.50, P = 0.022). During a median follow-up period of 17 days, 36 (12.1 %) patients were admitted to intensive care unit (ICU), 16 (5.4 %) patients developed respiratory failure and underwent mechanical ventilation, four (1.3 %) patients needed extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), only one (0.34 %) patients died of multiple organ failure. Detectable SARS-CoV-2 RNA in anal swabs and/or blood samples, as well as higher CD4/CD8 ratio were independent risk factors of respiratory failure and ICU admission. Conclusions: Most of COVID-19 patients in Guangzhou are mild/moderate, and presence of extrapulmonary virus and higher CD4/CD8 ratio are associated with higher risk of worse outcomes.
A stochastic θ-SEIHRD model: adding randomness to the COVID-19 spread	Leitao,  Álvaro,  Vázquez, et al	arXiv	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	In this article we mainly extend the deterministic model developed in 10] to a stochastic setting. More precisely, we incorporated randomness in some coefficients by assuming that they follow a prescribed stochastic dynamics. In this way, the model variables are now represented by stochastic process, that can be simulated by appropriately solve the system of stochastic differential equations. Thus, the model becomes more complete and flexible than the deterministic analogous, as it incorporates additional uncertainties which are present in more realistic situations. In particular, confidence intervals for the main variables and worst case scenarios can be computed.
Determinants of Patients' Intention to Use the Online Inquiry Services Provided by Internet Hospitals: Empirical Evidence From China	Li,  D,  Hu, et al	J Med Internet Res	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The purpose of this study is to identify the determinants of patients' intention to use the online inquiry services provided by internet hospitals based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB). A questionnaire was developed through patient interviews, verified using a presurvey, and used for data collection for this study. The cluster sampling technique was used to include respondents with chronic diseases.   A total of 638 valid responses were received. The model explained 45.9% of the variance in attitude toward the behavior and 60.5% of the variance in behavioral intention. Perceived behavioral control and perceived severity of disease had the strongest total effects on behavioral intention (β=.624, P=.004 and β=.544, P=.003, respectively). Moreover, perceived convenience, perceived information risk, emotional preference, and health consciousness had indirect effects on behavioral intention, and these effects were mediated by attitude toward the behavior. Among the four constructs, perceived convenience had the highest indirect effect on behavioral intention (β=.207; P=.001).
Internet search data could Be used as novel indicator for assessing COVID-19 epidemic	Li,  K,  Liang, et al	Infectious Disease Modelling	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	we evaluated association between the internet search data with reported COVID-19 cases to verify whether it could become an early indicator for emerging epidemic. After the keyword filtering and Index composition, we found that there were close correlations between Composite Index and suspected cases for COVID-19 (r = 0.921, P < 0.05).  Overall, the Internet search data could serve as a convenient indicator for predicting the epidemic and to monitor its trends.
The experiences of the community pharmacy team in supporting people with dementia and family carers with medication management during the COVID-19 pandemic	Lim,  RH,  Shalhoub, et al	Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	We explore the experiences of the community pharmacy team in supporting people with dementia and their family carers with the management of medications during the COVID-19 pandemic. Fourteen participants were interviewed with equal numbers of qualified pharmacists and non-pharmacist staff. The study provided a unique and important first insights to our understanding of how the community pharmacy team in England supported people with dementia and their family carers during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Quantification of antibody avidities and accurate detection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in serum and saliva on plasmonic substrates	Liu,  T,  Hsiung, et al	Nat Biomed Eng	Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	We used the antibody-avidity assay to study antibody-maturation patterns and to quantify immunoglobulin avidities against coronavirus antigens from SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV-1 and the common-cold viruses OC43, HKU1, NL63 and 229E.
33007478; Low-to-moderate dose corticosteroids treatment in hospitalized adults with COVID-19	Liu,  Z,  Li, et al	Clinical Microbiology and Infection	Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	We aimed to investigate the association of corticosteroids therapy with clinical outcomes of hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Among 646 patients, the in-hospital death rate was higher in 158 patients with corticosteroid administration (72/158, 45.6% vs. 56/488, 11.5%, p < 0.0001). After propensity score matching analysis, no significant differences were observed in in-hospital death between patients with and without corticosteroid treatment (47/124, 37.9% vs. 47/124, 37.9%, p 1.000). Corticosteroids use in COVID-19 patients may not be associated with in-hospital mortality.
[Mental health status and its influencing factors among general population and medical personnel in Guangdong Province during COVID-19 pandemic]	Liu,  Z,  Zhang, et al	Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao	Mental Health | santé mentale	This study aimed to investigate the mental health status and its influencing factors among general population and healthcare professionals in Guangdong Province during COVID-19 pandemic.A online questionnaire-based survey was conducted from March 11st to March 15th, 2020.The questionnaire consisted of 4 parts to survey the participants'basic information, understanding of COVID-19 outbreak-associated information, cognition of COVID-19 pandemic and status of anxiety and depression.A total of 1433 valid responses were collected. There was no significant difference between the general population and the healthcare professionals in terms of anxiety, depression and cognition of COVID-19 outbreak after adjustment for demographic variables. Inaccurate cognition of COVID-19 outbreak was positive correlated with the occurrence of anxiety and depression.Unmarried individuals and those with higher educational levels had better cognition of COVID-19 outbreak.Among the healthcare professionals, multivariate logistic regressions suggested that insufficient rest time and worries about contracting the virus contributed to the occurrence of anxiety and depression. Compared to healthcare professionals not working in designated hospital for COVID-19, those who work in the designated hospitals had ORs for obvious and severe depression of 0.48(0.25, 0.93) and 0.39(0.17, 0.89), respectively.
PMC7566766; A dynamical model of SARS-CoV-2 based on people flow networks	López,  V,  Čukić, et al	Saf Sci	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	This modeling study proposed a new dynamical model based on flow networks. The model fits well with the well-known SIR family model and add a new perspective of the evolution of the infected people among the states. This perspective allows to model different scenarios and illustrates the evolution and trends of the pandemic because it is based on the open data daily provided by the governments. To measure the severity of the pandemic along the time, a danger index (DI) is proposed in addition to the well-known R0 index. This index is a function of infected cases, number of deaths and recover cases while the transmission index R0 depends only on the infected cases.
Can COVID-19 cause severe neutropenia?	López-Pereira,  P,  Iturrate, et al	Clinical Case Reports	Clinical data| Données cliniques	This is the first case of acquired severe neutropenia in the context of COVID‐19 reported to date. This could illustrate another less frequent hematological disorder related to this novel viral infection.
Development of a simple in vitro assay to identify and evaluate nucleotide analogs against SARS-CoV-2 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase	Lu,  G,  Zhang, et al	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	This study developed a robust in vitro nonradioactive primer extension assay to evaluate the incorporation efficiency of nucleotide analog by SARS-CoV-2 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) quantitively. Results show that many nucleotide analogs can be incorporated into RNA by SARS-CoV-2 RdRp, and that the incorporation of some of them leads to chain termination. The discrimination values of nucleotide analog over those of natural nucleotide were measured to evaluate the incorporation efficiency of nucleotide analog by SARS-CoV-2 RdRp. And found that the incorporation efficiency of remdesivir-TP is higher than ATP, and incorporation of remdesivir-TP caused delayed chain termination which can be overcome by higher concentrations of the following nucleotide to be incorporated. Data also showed that the delay chain termination pattern caused by remdesivir-TP incorporation is different for different template sequence. Multiple incorporations of remdesivir-TP caused chain termination in this assay condition. Incorporation of sofosbuvir-TP is very low suggesting that sofosbuvir may not be very effective in treating SARS-CoV-2 infection. As a comparison, 2'-C-methyl-GTP can be incorporated into RNA efficiently, and the derivative of 2'-C-methyl-GTP may have therapeutic application in treating SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Histopathologic Findings in the Explant Lungs of a Patient With COVID-19 Treated With Bilateral Orthotopic Lung Transplant	Luo,  WR,  Yu, et al	Transplantation	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Case report of a 66-y-old patient presented with high fever and cough, with no preexisting interstitial lung disease. He had progressive deterioration from mild to critical condition during the 45-d  duration. Eventually, the patient developed severe respiratory failure and then was treated with bilateral lung transplantation on February 15, 2020. However, he still died of COVID-19–related disease deterioration.
Co-infection of malaria and dengue in pregnant women with SARS-CoV-2	Mahajan,  NN,  Kesarwani, et al	International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Physicians and obstetricians should be vigilant so that they can swiftly identify co‐infections of malaria and dengue in pregnant women with COVID‐19.
Awareness of symptomatic differences COVID-19, sars, swine flu, common cold among dental students	Mahalingam,  NV,  Abilasha, et al	International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The aim of the current study is to assess the awareness of symptomatic differences between viral diseases like COVID-19, SARS, Swine flu and common cold among dental students that support the prevention of emergence or re-emergence. Cross-sectional type of study con-ducted among the undergraduate students comprising 100 Subjects. A questionnaire comprising 15 questions in total were framed, and responses were collected in Google forms in SPSS Software statistical analysis. The study has concluded that dental students have an awareness of the symptomatic differences between infectious viral disease. The study concluded that the awareness of symptomatic differences between viral diseases like COVID-19, SARS, Swine flu, Common cold is good among the dental students who would pave the way for early diagnosis and avoid spreading of such diseases.
Spatiotemporal effects of th	Maiti,  Arabinda,  Zhang, et al	arXiv	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	We look at associations between and among confounding factors on COVID-19 casualties in the US. For COVID-19 cases, ethnicity, crime, and income factors are found to be the strongest covariates and explain the maximum model variances. For COVID-19 deaths, both (domestic and international) migration and income factors play a crucial role in explaining spatial differences of COVID-19 death counts
Exploring the intrinsic dynamics of SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV spike glycoprotein through normal mode analysis using anisotropic network model	Majumder,  S,  Chaudhuri, et al	Journal of Molecular Graphics and Modelling	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	In this study we have examined the intrinsic dynamics of the prefusion, lying state of trimeric S protein of these viruses through Normal Mode Analysis using Anisotropic Network Model. The dynamic modes of the S proteins of the aforementioned viruses were compared by root mean square inner product (RMSIP), spectral overlap and cosine correlation matrix. S proteins show homogenous correlated or anticorrelated motions among their domains but direction of Cα atom among the spike proteins show less similarity. SARS-CoV-2 spike shows high vertically upward motion of the receptor binding motif implying its propensity for binding with the receptor even in the lying state. MERS-CoV spike shows unique dynamical motion compared to the other two S protein indicated by low RMSIP, spectral overlap and cosine correlation value. This study will guide in developing common potential inhibitor molecules against closed state of spike protein of these viruses to prevent conformational switching from lying to standing state.
32853538; Initial Impact of COVID-19 on Radiology Practices: An ACR/RBMA Survey	Malhotra,  A,  Wu, et al	Journal of the American College of Radiology	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé Economics | Économie	Conducted a survey to estimate declines in imaging volumes and financial impact across different practice settings during April 2020.  During April 2020, nearly all radiology practices reported substantial (56.4%-63.7%) declines in imaging volumes, with outpatient imaging volumes most severely affected. Mean gross charges declined by 50.1% to 54.8% and collections declined by 46.4% to 53.9%. Percentage reductions did not correlate with practice size. The majority of respondents believed that volumes would recover but not entirely (62%-88%) and anticipated a short-term recovery, with a surge likely in the short term due to postponement of elective imaging (52%-64%). About 16% of respondents reported that radiologists in their practices tested positive for COVID-19. More than half (52.3%) reported that availability of personal protective equipment had become an issue or was inadequate. A majority (62.3%) reported that their practices had existing remote reading or teleradiology capabilities in place before the pandemic, and 22.3% developed such capabilities in response to the pandemic.
Comparison of different chest compression positions for use while wearing CBRN-PPE: A randomized crossover simulation trial	Malysz,  M,  Jaguszewski, et al	Disaster and Emergency Medicine Journal	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	The goal of the current study was to compare the quality by which a chest compression during simulated COVID-19 resuscitation while wearing  personal protective equipment (PPE) for aerosol-generating procedures (AGP).  A secondary goal was to assess provider preferences with standard versus OHD chest compression methods while wearing PPE-AGP. This is a randomized cross-over single-blinded study involving 37 paramedics performing 2-min continuous chest compression using two methods: to the side (STD), and over the head (OHD). Participants wore Class C PPE-AGP. Mean chest compression depth using distinct  chest compression(CC) methods varied and amounted to 42 ± 2mm for STD vs. 46 ± 4mm for OHD (p < 0.001). Paramedics wearing PPE-AGP achieved better chest compression depth for OHD compared to the STD, however, OHD resuscitation causes a lower degree of full chest relaxation. Based on the current simulation trial, it is impossible to clearly determine which method (STD vs. OHD) is more effective in resuscitation with PPE-AGP.
A spatial time series forecasting for mapping the risk of COVID-19 pandemic over Bandung Metropolitan Area, West Java, Indonesia	Manessa,  MDM,  Kamil, et al		Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	In this study, the pandemic risk is calculated by combining vulnerability, hazard, and geodemography information. Infimap provides the People in Pixels geodemographic data, added not only the exposure of population distribution to COVID-19 but also the ratio of age. Beside those data, the daily distribution of COVID-19 cases, network data, business point, health facility point, residentials area, geodemographic (People in Pixels), and daily COVID-19 Community Mobility Reports is also been used in this study. This study shows the possibility to predict the future risk area of COVID-19 until the next 100 days condition, based on spatial timeseries forecasting model.
Troponin and Other Biomarker Levels and Outcomes Among Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19: Derivation and Validation of the HA(2)T(2) COVID-19 Mortality Risk Score	Manocha,  KK,  Kirzner, et al	J Am Heart Assoc	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	Background The independent prognostic value of troponin and other biomarker elevation among patients with coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) are unclear. We sought to characterize biomarker levels in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 and develop and validate a mortality risk score. Methods and Results An observational cohort study of 1053 patients with COVID-19 was conducted. Patients with all of the following biomarkers measured: troponin-I (TnI), B-type natriuretic peptide, C-reactive protein, ferritin and D-dimer (n = 446) were identified. Maximum levels for each biomarker were recorded. Primary endpoint was 30-day in-hospital mortality. Multivariable logistic regression was used to construct a mortality risk score. Validation of the risk score was performed using an independent patient cohort (n = 440). Mean age of patients was 65.0 ± 15.2 years and 65.3% were men. Overall, 444 (99.6%) had elevation of any biomarker. Among tested biomarkers, TnI ≥ 0.34 ng/ml was the only independent predictor of 30-day mortality (adjusted OR 4.38; P < 0.001). Patients with a mortality score using hypoxia on presentation, age and TnI elevation, age (HA(2)T(2)) ≥ 3 had a 30-day mortality of 43.7% while those with a score < 3 had mortality of 5.9%. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the HA(2)T(2) score was 0.834 for the derivation cohort and 0.784 for the validation cohort. Conclusions Elevated troponin and other biomarker levels are commonly seen in patients hospitalized with COVID-19. High troponin levels are a potent predictor of 30-day in-hospital mortality. A simple risk score can stratify patients at risk for COVID-19-associated mortality.
33035601; The role of close contacts of COVID-19 patients in the SARS-CoV-2 transmission: an emphasis on the percentage of nonevaluated positivity in Mexico	Martinez-Fierro,  M,  Ríos-Jasso, et al	American Journal of Infection Control	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Public health interventions*| Interventions de sant&amp;eacute; publique	We aim to determine the percentage of positivity of close contacts of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) patients to depict the importance of asymptomatic infections in the patient-to-patient transmission of COVID-19. Thirty-four (42%) contacts in the study were positive for SARS-CoV-2. Twenty-three (67.6%) manifested less than 2 respiratory symptoms, and 5 (14.7%) remained asymptomatic. The average of positive contacts by index COVID-19 case (R0) was 4.3 and the mean of time of positive COVID-19 test at sampling time was 18.9 days. The proportion of close contacts of COVID-19 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 (42%) and with less than 2 or with no respiratory symptoms (82.4%) was high in the study population.
PMC7274600; Monitoring of COVID-19 patients by telemedicine with telemonitoring	Martínez-García,  M,  Bal-Alvarado, et al	Rev Clin Esp	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	AIM: To asses if telemedicine with telemonitoring is a clinically useful and secure tool in the tracking of patients with COVID-19.  RESULTS: 313 patients (52.4% female). Since the beginning, 224 were traced outpatient and 89 after being discharged. Among the first category, 38 (16.90%) were referred to Emergency department on 43 occasions; 18 were hospitalized (8.03%), and 2 deceased. Neither deaths nor a matter of vital emergency occurred at home. When including patients after admissions monitoring was done in 304 cases. One patient re-entered the hospital, and another one left the program. The average time of monitoring was 11.64 (SD 3.58) days, and 224 (73.68%) patients were discharged during the 30 days of study. Our study suggests that telemedicine with home telemonitoring, used proactively, allows for monitoring high-risk patients with COVID-19 in a clinically useful and secure way.
Fetal Inflammatory Response Syndrome Associated with Maternal SARS-CoV-2 Infection	McCarty,  KL,  Tucker, et al	Pediatrics	Clinical data| Données cliniques	This case report presents an infant of a SARSCoV-2-positive mother born prematurely with late-onset fever, thrombocytopenia, and elevated inflammatory markers, all of which are consistent with a systemic inflammatory response. The neonate was tested for SARS-CoV-2 by two nasopharyngeal swabs 24 hours apart, both of which were negative. A full work up for additional infectious pathogens was also negative. Although initially in critical condition in the perinatal period, the infant recovered completely prior to discharge. Hypothesized that this systemic inflammation occurred in response to maternal viral infection in the absence of vertical transmission of the virus.
Impact of (SARS-CoV-2) COVID 19 on the indigenous language-speaking population in Mexico	Medel-Ramirez,  Carlos	arXiv	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	The importance of the working document is that it allows the analysis of the information and the status of cases associated with (SARS-CoV-2) COVID-19 as open data at the municipal, state and national level, with a daily record of patients, according to a age, sex, comorbidities, for the condition of (SARS-CoV-2) COVID-19 according to the following characteristics: a) Positive, b) Negative, c) Suspicious. Likewise, it presents information related to the identification of an outpatient and / or hospitalized patient, attending to their medical development, identifying: a) Recovered, b) Deaths and c) Active, in Phase 3 and Phase 4, in the five main population areas speaker of indigenous language in the State of Veracruz - Mexico. The data analysis is carried out through the application of a data mining algorithm, which provides the information, fast and timely, required for the estimation of Medical Care Scenarios of (SARS-CoV-2) COVID-19, as well as for know the impact on the indigenous language-speaking population in Mexico.
Cohort Study of Outpatient Hemodialysis Management Strategies for COVID-19 in North-West London	Medjeral-Thomas,  N,  Thomson, et al	Kidney International Reports	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	We aimed to (i) understand COVID-19 progression, (ii) identify markers of future clinical severity, and (iii) assess associations between dialysis management strategies and COVID-19 clinical outcomes. By multivariate analysis, nonactive transplant list status, use of institutional transport, and increased white cell count associated with future hospitalization and increased age associated with death. Outpatient hemodialysis in patients with COVID-19 is safe for patients and staff. Features at the first 3 dialysis sessions can identify individuals at risk of future hospitalization and death from COVID-19.
A Case of COVID-19-Induced Acute Pancreatitis	Meyers,  MH,  Main, et al	Pancreas	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Case report of a  67 year-old man who developed pancreatitis. No plausible etiology was detected  through various lab and imaging studies, other than COVID-19.
COVID-19-related health anxieties and impact of specific interventions in patients with inflammatory bowel disease in the UK	Mir,  N,  Cheesbrough, et al	Frontline Gastroenterology	Mental Health | santé mentale	We prospectively conducted a survey among patients with IBD during the COVID-19 pandemic to assess concerns, information-seeking behaviours, risk perception, compliance and effect of specific interventions in 228 patients. 89% reported being concerned about the impact of COVID-19 on their health. A quarter of patients disagreed with their assigned risk groups, with majority perceiving higher-risk profiles. 40% of patients had ongoing concerns with regard to their medications of whom a third felt their concerns were not addressed.
The Risk of Indoor Sports and Culture Events for the Transmission of COVID-19 (Restart-19)	Moritz,  Stefan,  Gottschick, et al	medRxiv	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Transmission	We investigated transmission risk of SARS-CoV-2 by droplets and aerosols during an experimental indoor mass gathering events (MGEs) (using N95 masks and contact tracing devices) and conducted a simulation study to estimate the resulting burden of disease under conditions of controlled epidemics. The number of exposed contacts was <10 for scenarios with hygiene concept and good ventilation, but substantially higher otherwise.
Expression of eosinophil in peripheral blood of patients with COVID-19 and its clinical significance	Mu,  T,  Yi, et al	J Clin Lab Anal	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	This study investigated the eosinophil cell (EC) expression in peripheral blood of patients infected withSARS-CoV-2 and its clinical significance of diagnosis and prognosis. ECs were significantly decreased in 95 (75.8%) COVID-19 patients (P < .01). The absolute EC count IQR was 0.01 × 10⁹/L (0 × 10⁹/L - 0.04 × 10⁹/L), and the EC percentage IQR was 0.3% (0.1% - 0.8%). As the patients' condition improved, the ECs returned to normal, but for those without improvement, ECs continued to decline.
33067149; Use of the interleukin 6 inhibitor tocilizumab in Japanese patients with cytokine release syndrome caused by COVID-19-related acute respiratory distress syndrome: A case series	Nakamura,  H,  Miyagi, et al	Respiratory Investigation	Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	Describe the clinical course of seven patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 who were treated with tocilizumab (TCZ), a humanized anti-human IL-6 receptor antibody. Rapid improvement of clinical symptoms, recuperation from hypoxia, and marked changes in proinflammatory markers were observed. An increase in IL-6 levels after TCZ administration reflected the inhibition of IL-6 binding to the IL-6 receptor. Marked improvement in hypoxia after treatment with TCZ was not observed in three patients. These patients had lower PaO2/FiO2 (median 90.7; IQR 81.4–155.4) than the other four patients (median 247.6; IQR 142.6–325). Further, they had higher IL-6 levels (median 63.8 pg/mL; IQR 30.63–202.9 pg/mL) than the other four patients (median 109 pg/mL; IQR 108–160 pg/mL).
32947055; Development and validation of risk prediction models for COVID-19 positivity in a hospital setting	Ng,  MY,  Wan, et al	International Journal of Infectious Diseases	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	Developed two validated risk prediction models for coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) positivity using readily available parameters in a general hospital setting and nomograms and probabilities to allow clinical utilisation. A total of 1330 patients (mean age 58.2 ± 24.5 years; 50.7% males; 296 COVID-19 positive) were recruited. The first prediction model developed had age, total white blood cell count, chest x-ray appearances and contact history as significant predictors (AUC = 0.911 CI = 0.880−0.941]). The second model developed has the same variables except contact history (AUC = 0.880 CI = 0.844−0.916]). Both were externally validated on the H–L test (p = 0.781 and 0.155, respectively) and calibration plot. Models were converted to nomograms. Lower probabilities give higher sensitivity and negative predictive value (NPV); higher probabilities give higher specificity and positive predictive value (PPV).
Tree-based regressor ensemble for viral infectious diseases spread prediction	Ngie,  HM,  Nderu, et al		Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	This research paper demonstrates ensemble of Decision Tree (DT) and Logistic Regression (LR) models to develop a tree-based regressor model christened Simultaneous Tree-based Regressor Interactive Model (STRIM), with improved interaction effect especially on continuous response variable predictions. The model involves particle swarm optimization (PSO) for parameter tuning in an effort to ensure a balanced and reliable prediction achievement in the spread of infectious diseases, incorporating time series modeling. The model aimed at providing a solution to the prediction of infectious diseases spread using publicly available Covid-19 global data for evaluation through prediction of Covid-19 spread patterns. STRIM proved to be a robust interpretable classifier model compared to single classifiers considered for the ensemble providing 0.99 accuracy levels of prediction.
Modeling and Control of COVID-19 Epidemic through Testing Policies	Niazi,  MuhammadUmarB,  Kibangou, et al	arXiv	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	In this work, an epidemic model that incorporates the testing rate as a control input is presented. The proposed model differentiates the undetected infected from the detected infected cases, who are assumed to be removed from the disease spreading process in the population. First, the model is estimated and validated for COVID-19 data in France. Then, two testing policies are proposed, the so-called best-effort strategy for testing (BEST) and constant optimal strategy for testing (COST). The BEST policy is a suppression strategy that provides a lower bound on the testing rate such that the epidemic switches from a spreading to a non-spreading state. The COST policy is a mitigation strategy that provides an optimal value of testing rate that minimizes the peak value of the infected population when the total stockpile of tests is limited. Both testing policies are evaluated by predicting the number of active intensive care unit (ICU) cases and the cumulative number of deaths due to COVID-19.
Evidence-based COVID-19 Response in Ethiopia: A quasi-Experimental Study on Social Distancing	Nigussie,  Yalemzewd,  Enday, et al	SSRN- Lancet prepublication	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Public health interventions*| Interventions de sant&amp;eacute; publique	Public transport and attending social events are becoming a stumbling block to maintain a safe social distancing in the fight against COVID-19. We developed a quasi-experiment that involves a tradeoff between economic outcomes over social distancing in some natural settings. The results show that about 58% of subjects prefer to break the social distancing rule and choose the most unsafe public transport. As a result, we further tried to understand the determinant factors of practicing social distancing using a binary probit model. The results show that a relatively lower income, and lower education level are significant and positively influence the decision to practice the social distancing rule which is contrary to the existed literature. The second experiment was devoted to understanding the effect of framing media message on subject’s decision to take part in a social event. The results show that there is no statistically significant difference in decisions between the treatment (those who received a loss framed message) and control (those who received the gain COVD related media message) groups. However, we find a strong association between social participation and decision to take part in social events.
The accuracy of teleradiologists in diagnosing COVID-19 based on a French multicentric emergency cohort	Nivet,  H,  Crombé, et al	Eur Radiol	Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of diagnoses of COVID-19 based on chest CT as well as inter-observer agreement between teleradiologists during on-call duty and senior radiologists in suspected COVID-19 patients.  In total, 513 patients were enrolled, of whom 244/513 (47.6%) tested positive for RT-PCR. First readings were scored 4 or 5 in 225/244 (92%) RT-PCR+ patients, and between 1 and 3 in 201/269 (74.7%) RT-PCR- patients. The data were highly consistent (weighted kappa = 0.87) and correlated with RT-PCR (p < 0.001, AUC(1st-reading) = 0.89, AUC(2nd-reading) = 0.93). The negative predictive value for scores of 4 or 5 was 0.91-0.92, and the PPV for a score of 5 was 0.89-0.96 at the first and second readings, respectively. Diagnostic accuracy was consistent over the study period, irrespective of a variable prevalence rate.
Durable SARS-CoV-2 B cell immunity after mild or severe disease	Ogega,  ClintonO,  Skinner, et al	medRxiv	Clinical data| Données cliniques Immunology | Immunologie	We performed multi-dimensional flow cytometric analysis of S protein receptor binding domain (S-RBD)-specific memory B cells (MBC) in cohorts of ambulatory COVID-19 patients with mild disease, and hospitalized patients with moderate to severe disease, at a median of 54 (39-104) days after onset of symptoms. We detected S-RBD-specific class-switched MBC in 13 out of 14 participants, including 4 of the 5 participants with lowest plasma levels of anti-S-RBD IgG and neutralizing antibodies. Resting MBC (rMBC) made up the largest proportion of S-RBD-specific class-switched MBC in both cohorts. FCRL5, a marker of functional memory when expressed on rMBC, was dramatically upregulated on S-RBD-specific rMBC. These data indicate that most SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals develop S-RBD-specific, class-switched MBC that phenotypically resemble germinal center-derived B cells induced by effective vaccination against other pathogens, providing evidence for durable B cell-mediated immunity against SARS-CoV-2 after recovery from mild or severe COVID-19 disease.
Backward and Hopf bifurcation analysis of an SEIRS COVID-19 epidemic model with saturated incidence and saturated treatment response	Oluyori,  David Adeyemi,  Pérez, et al	medRxiv	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	In this work, we further the investigation of an SEIRS model to study the dynamics of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 pandemic. We derive the basic reproduction number R0 and study the local stability of the disease-free and endemic states. Since the condition R0 < 1 for our model does not determine if the disease will die out, we consider the backward bifurcation and Hopf bifurcation to understand the dynamics of the disease at the occurrence of a second wave and the kind of treatment measures needed to curtail it. Our results show that the limited availability of medical resources favours the emergence of complex dynamics that complicates the control of the outbreak.
Symptom based and transmission-prevention based testing in long-term care facilities: Symptomatology, clinical course and mortality for residents with COVID-19	Paap,  KellyC,  van Loon, et al	medRxiv	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	We described the clinical presentation and course of COVID-19 in long-term care facilities (LTCF) residents who were tested either because of presence of core symptoms (S-based) or because of transmission prevention (TP-based). Many LTCF residents with a positive PCR did not have core symptoms when tested but had other signs/symptoms in the week before the positive test.
Blood supply management in times of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic – challenges, strategies adopted, and the lessons learned from the experience of a hospital-based blood centre	Pandey,  HC,  Coshic, et al	Vox sanguinis	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	The present study had tried to understand the impact of SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic on blood collection and demand as well as the impact of disaster planning in maintaining an adequate inventory. Data related to blood supply and demand were collected retrospectively using blood bank management software for pre‐COVID‐19 and COVID‐19 time period and compared.  A drastic fall in the red cell inventory was observed as compared to pre‐COVID‐19 was observed due to disproportionate decrease in blood collection and demand. A buffer stock of blood and blood components, strict adherence to the transfusion triggers, good coordination with the clinical staff and a prospective review of blood transfusion requests to ensure rational blood transfusion were some of the steps which helped us to successfully maintain transfusion requirements in the COVID‐19 pandemic.
Acute pancreatic injury induced by COVID-19	Patnaik,  RNK,  Gogia, et al	IDCases	Clinical data| Données cliniques	We report a patient with COVID-19 infection presenting with acute pancreatitis. The diagnosis of pancreatitis was based on laboratory as well as radiological evidence, and all the usual etiologies were ruled out. The temporal association with COVID-19 is strongly suggestive of novel coronavirus induced pancreatic injury. © 2020
Pre-existing conditions are associated with long-COVID patients hospitalization, despite confirmed clearance of SARS-CoV-2 virus	Pawlowski,  Colin,  Venkatakrishnan, et al	medRxiv	Long-Term Sequelae | séquelles à long terme	We conducted a retrospective analysis of 266 COVID patients to compare those that were admitted/re-admitted post-viral clearance (hospitalized post-clearance cohort, n=93) with those that were hospitalized pre-clearance but were not re-admitted post-viral clearance (non-hospitalized post-clearance cohort, n=173).  In the year preceding COVID onset, acute kidney injury (n=15 (16.1%), p-value: 0.03), anemia (n=20 (21.5%), p-value: 0.02), and cardiac arrhythmia (n=21 (22.6%), p-value: 0.05) were significantly enriched in the physician notes of the hospitalized post-clearance cohort. This study highlights that these specific pre-existing conditions are associated with amplified hospitalization risk in long-COVID patients, despite their successful SARS-CoV-2 viral clearance.
Retrospective assessment of SARS-COV2 virus circulation during lockdown in two hospital childcare centers hosting healthcare workers children in a French area of high transmission	Penot,  Pauline,  Delaval, et al	medRxiv	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	Between May 29 and July 2, 2020, a retrospective cohort study was conducted to investigate the virus circulation during lockdown, in a French area of high transmission. The infection attack rate was 6/52 (11.6%) and 8/46 (17.4%) among health-care workers and childcare staff, respectively. An early epidemic occurred among Montreuil s hospital childcare staff, but the parents were not affected (p=0.029). Among Aulnay-sous-bois childcare center, three staff members were infected but none of them was in charge of a child whose parents were infected. Also among the parents of the children they cared for, none developed antibodies. Out of 14 infections, 12 were reliable to a source of transmission, mostly among colleagues.
Levels and variables associated with psychological distress during confinement due to the coronavirus pandemic in a community sample of Spanish adults	Pérez,  S,  Masegoso, et al	Clin Psychol Psychother	Mental Health | santé mentale	In this study we explored psychological distress (depression, anxiety, and somatization symptoms) using an online survey platform in a sample of 1781 Spanish adults during the confinement due to COVID-19, relationships between distress and sleep problems, affect, pain, sleep, emotional regulation, gender, type of housing, history of psychopathology, and living alone during the confinement, and differences depending on demographic and psychological variables. Results showed that between 25-39% of the sample referred to clinically significant levels of distress. In addition, women showed higher levels of distress, negative affect, perception of pain, and cognitive reappraisal, and lower levels of emotional suppression and sleep quality than men. A history of psychopathology, being younger, living alone or in a flat was associated with higher distress. Finally, the variables most strongly related to distress were negative and positive affect, levels of pain, sleep quality, and emotional suppression.
SARS-CoV-2 infection among hospital workers of one of the most severely affected institutions in Madrid, Spain: a surveillance cross-sectional study	Pérez-García,  F,  Pérez-Zapata, et al	Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	This cross-sectional study  analyzed the impact of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in workers of a hospital located in one of the most affected areas in Spain. A total of 2963 workers were included: 1092 were symptomatic, of whom 539 were positive by PCR (49.4% of symptomatic workers). From the remaining symptomatic workers, 197 (35.6%) were positive by serology. Regarding asymptomatic workers, 345 were positive by serology (31.9% of infected workers). In total, 1081 (36.5%) presented a positive diagnostic test for SARS-CoV-2. Infection rates were different between HCW (37.4%) and nHCW (29.8%) (p=0.006). In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, the use of PPE (protective, OR=0.56; 95% CI: 0.44-0.72; p<0.001) and previous contact with COVID-19 patients (risk factor, OR=1.69; 95% CI: 1.28-2.24; p<0.001) were independent factors that were associated with SAS-CoV-2 infection.
COVID-19 and lombardy: TESTing the impact of the first wave of the pandemic: The prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in northern Italy	Perico,  L,  Tomasoni, et al	EBioMedicine	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Immunology | Immunologie	Performed a cross-sectional study to assess the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in 423 workers in Bergamo province who returned to the workplace after the end of the Italian lockdown on 5th May 2020. ELISA identified 38.5% positive subjects, of whom 51.5% were positive for both IgG and IgM, 47.3% were positive only for IgG, but only 1.2% were positive for IgM alone. Only 23 (5.4%) participants tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 by rRT-PCR, although with high cycle thresholds (between 34 and 39), indicating a very low residual viral load that was not able to infect cultured cells. All these rRT-PCR positive subjects had already experienced seroconversion. When the ELISA was used as the comparator, the estimated specificity and sensitivity of the rapid lateral flow immunochromatography assay (LFIA) for IgG were 98% and 92%, respectively.
A physicochemical model for rationalizing SARS-CoV-2 concentration in sewage. Case study: The city of Thessaloniki in Greece	Petala,  M,  Dafou, et al	Science of the Total Environment	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	The present work develops a mathematical framework, at various degrees of spatial complexity, of a physicochemical model that rationalizes the quantitative measurements of total virus fragments in sewage as regards the adsorption of virus onto suspended solids and the effect of dissolved chemicals on it. The ratio of the specific absorption (UV254/DOC) over the dissolved oxygen (DO) had the highest correlation with viral copies. This implies a strong effect on viral inaccessibility in sewage caused (i) by the presence of humic-like substances and (ii) by virus decay due to oxidation and metabolic activity of bacteria. Although the detected RNA load in June 2020 is similar to that in April 2020, virus shedding in the city is about 5 times lower in June than in April, in line with hospital admissions for COVID-19.
33007476; SARS Coronavirus-2 variant tracing within the first Coronavirus Disease 19 clusters in northern Germany	Pfefferle,  S,  Günther, et al	Clinical Microbiology and Infection	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	Investigation whether in depth characterization of virus variant patterns can be used for epidemiological analysis of the first severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection clusters in Hamburg, Germany. Metagenomic RNA-sequencing and amplicon-sequencing and subsequent variant calling in 25 respiratory samples from SARS-CoV-2 infected patients involved in the earliest infection clusters in Hamburg. Viral genomics together with epidemiological analyses revealed that the index patient acquired the infection in northern Italy and transmitted it to two out of 134 contacts. Minor variant analyses identified the transmission of intra-host variants in the index cluster and household clusters. The follow up of minor viral variants in infection clusters can provide further resolution on transmission events indistinguishable at a consensus sequence level.
Adjunctive favipiravir for severe COVID-19: A retrospective observational study of the first 41 patients in Thailand	Prasithsirikul,  W,  Pongpirul, et al	Asian Biomedicine	Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	Aim of this study is to describe the demographics, clinical characteristics, and various antiviral treatment regimens (with and without favipiravir) of patients with severe and nonsevere COVID-19. We conducted a retrospective observational study in all COVID-19 patients admitted at Bamrasnaradura Infectious Diseases Institute (BIDI) from January 8 to March 30, 2020. Adjunctive favipiravir was given to only severe cases. The median length of hospitalization of patients either receiving favipiravir or not receiving favipiravir was not significantly different (P = 0.8549), but those who received adjunctive favipiravir became reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction negative 2 days sooner than the other group (median: 6 days vs. 8 days; P = 0.1125). The findings suggested that adjunctive favipiravir might not be effective for patients with severe COVID-19, but further studies with larger sample sizes are needed.
COVID-19 Outbreak at an Overnight Summer School Retreat - Wisconsin, July-August 2020	Pray,  IW,  Gibbons-Burgener, et al	MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Transmission	This report presents the outbreak investigation that the Wisconsin Department of Health Services (WDHS) began after being notified that two students at the boys' overnight summer school retreat in Wisconsin had received positive SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR test results. This investigation documented rapid spread of SARS-CoV-2, likely from a single student, among adolescents and young adults in a congregate setting. Mitigation plans that include prearrival quarantine and testing, cohorting, symptom monitoring, early identification and isolation of cases, mask use, enhanced hygiene and disinfection practices, and maximal outdoor programming are necessary to prevent COVID-19 outbreaks in these settings.
Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Kidney Transplant Recipients	Prendecki,  M,  Clarke, et al	J Am Soc Nephrol	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes Immunology | Immunologie	This study analyzed the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in a transplant population. In order to ensure the accuracy of the seroprevalence rate, also evaluated the performance of different serologic assays within this patient cohort. Sixty-nine of 855 patients tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 IgG using the Abbott assay, giving a seroprevalence of 8.1% (95% CI, 6.4 to 10.1). However, it was noted that 33 of 855 (3.9%) study patients had prior infection confirmed by RT-PCR, of whom 11 of 33 (33.3%) were serologically negative for IgG using the Abbott assay at a median time of testing of 36 (28–58) days postdiagnosis. To compare assay performance in an immunocompetent population, tested 85 HCWs with RT-PCR–confirmed infection. The sensitivity values of the Abbott and Fortress assays in HCWs were 90.6% (95% CI, 82.5 to 95.2) and 96.5% (95% CI, 90.1 to 98.8), respectively. Although there was no difference in the proportion of detectable antibody between the immunosuppressed patients and HCWs using the Fortress assay (P=0.30), immunosuppressed patients were less likely to have a positive serologic test using the Abbott assay compared with HCWs (P=0.002). Results indicate that the Fortress ELISA and LFIA are more sensitive than the Abbott test at detecting SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in kidney transplant recipients.
COVID-19 in a Correctional Facility Employee Following Multiple Brief Exposures to Persons with COVID-19 - Vermont, July-August 2020	Pringle,  JC,  Leikauskas, et al	MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Transmission Clinical data| Données cliniques	This report presents the case of a correctional officer who had multiple brief exposures to six IDPs who later tested positive for SARS-CoV-2; available data suggests that at least one of the asymptomatic IDPs transmitted SARS-CoV-2 during these brief encounters.
Correlates of death among SARS-CoV-2 positive veterans: The contribution of lifetime tobacco use	Raines,  AM,  Tock, et al	Addictive Behaviors	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	The purpose of the study was to examine demographic and medical variables that may contribute to likelihood of death among veterans testing positive for SARS-CoV-2. Additionally, we examined the unique influence of lifetime tobacco use on veteran mortality when added to the complete model. Retrospective chart reviews were conducted on 440 veterans (80.5% African American/Black) who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 (7.3% deceased) at a large, southeastern Veterans Affairs (VA) hospital between March 11, 2020 and April 23, 2020, with data analysis occurring from May 26, 2020 to June 5, 2020. Older age, male gender, immunodeficiency, endocrine, and pulmonary diseases were positively related to the relative risk of death among SARS-CoV-2 positive veterans, with lifetime tobacco use predicting veteran mortality above and beyond these variables. Findings highlight the importance of assessing for lifetime tobacco use among SARS-CoV-2 positive patients and the relative importance of lifetime tobacco use as a risk factor for increased mortality.
Brain MR Spectroscopic Findings in 3 Consecutive Patients with COVID-19: Preliminary Observations	Rapalino,  O,  Weerasekera, et al	AJNR Am J Neuroradiol	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Brain multivoxel MR spectroscopic imaging was performed in 3 consecutive patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). These included 1 patient with COVID-19-associated necrotizing leukoencephalopathy, another patient who had a recent pulseless electrical activity cardiac arrest with subtle white matter changes, and a patient without frank encephalopathy or a recent severe hypoxic episode. The MR spectroscopic imaging findings were compared with those of 2 patients with white matter pathology not related to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 infection and a healthy control subject. The NAA reduction, choline elevation, and glutamate/glutamine elevation found in the patient with COVID-19-associated necrotizing leukoencephalopathy and, to a lesser degree, the patient with COVID-19 postcardiac arrest, follow a similar pattern as seen with the patient with delayed posthypoxic leukoencephalopathy. Lactate elevation was most pronounced in the patient with COVID-19 necrotizing leukoencephalopathy.
Supra and infratentorial massive strokes in previously healthy young patients with SARS-CoV-2. The role of neurosurgery	Rascón-Ramírez,  FJ,  Carrascosa-Granada, et al	Neurocirugia	Clinical data| Données cliniques	The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has amazed by its distinct forms of presentation and severity. COVID-19 patients can develop large-scale ischemic strokes in previously healthy patients without risk factors, especially in patients who develop an acute respiratory distress syndrome (SARS-CoV-2). We hypothesize that ischemic events are usually the result of the combined process of a pro-inflammatory and pro-coagulant state plus vascular endothelial dysfunction probably potentiated by hypoxia, hemodynamic instability, and immobilization, as reported in other cases. To the best of our knowledge, we report the first case of partial obstruction of a vertebral artery in a patient with COVID-19. Decompressive surgery remains a life-saving maneuver in these patients (as in other non-COVID-19 strokes) and requires further investigation. © 2020 Sociedad Española de Neurocirugía
Impact of COVID-19-related lockdown-I on a network of rural eye centres in Southern India	Rathi,  VM,  Das, et al	Indian J Ophthalmol	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	In this article, we report on the demographic profile and ocular disorders from our 20 rural eye centres during lockdown-I and its comparison with the pre-lockdown period. Lockdown-I had significantly impacted patient care in rural areas. As compared to the pre-lockdown period, during the lockdown, there was an issue with access to services by females. Despite a higher number of specialty patients (including emergencies) visiting during the lockdown, 91% of the patients who visited rural centres could be managed locally, avoiding long-distance travel.
PMC7573634; The COVID-ASSESS dataset - COVID19 related anxiety and stress in prEgnancy, poSt-partum and breaStfeeding during lockdown in Italy	Ravaldi,  C,  Vannacci, et al	Data Brief	Mental Health | santé mentale	The COVID-ASSESS questionnaire (COVID-19 related Anxiety and StreSs in prEgnancy, poSt-partum and breaStfeeding) was developed and distributed by CiaoLapo Foundation, an Italian charity for healthy pregnancy and perinatal loss support. Data were collected during phase 1 and phase 2 of COVID-19 lockdown in Italy (March, April and May 2020). The final dataset consists of 2448 women, of whom 1307 during pregnancy and 1141 women during post-partum or breastfeeding period. Variables collected for each subject are: sociodemographic and clinical information (previous losses, history of psychological disorders), birth expectations before and after COVID-19, concerns regarding pandemic consequences, perception of media and health professionals' information and communication on COVID-19, psychopathological assessment (anxiety, post-traumatic stress and general psychopathology).
Trinational Study Exploring the Early Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Organ Donation and Liver Transplantation at National and Unit Levels	Reddy,  MS,  Hakeem, et al	Transplantation	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	The weekly organ donation and liver transplant numbers over a 3-month period (Feb 17, 2020, till May 17, 2020) for the United States, United Kingdom, and India were compared with their previous year's activity. Liver transplant activity in 6 centers from these countries with varying local COVID-19 caseload was also compared. There was a substantial reduction in organ donation and liver transplantation activity across the 3 countries with signs of recovery toward the end of the study period. Multiple factors including COVID-19 severity, stress on resources and influence of regulatory agencies and local factors are responsible for the reduction and recovery.
Large-scale single-cell analysis reveals critical immune characteristics of COVID-19 patients	Ren,  Xianwen,  Wen, et al	bioRxiv	Immunology | Immunologie	We applied single-cell RNA sequencing to 284 samples from 205 COVID-19 patients and controls to create a comprehensive immune landscape. Lymphopenia and active T and B cell responses were found to coexist and associated with age, sex and their interactions with COVID-19. Diverse epithelial and immune cell types were observed to be virus-positive and showed dramatic transcriptomic changes. Elevation of ANXA1 and S100A9 in virus-positive squamous epithelial cells may enable the initiation of neutrophil and macrophage responses via the ANXA1-FPR1 and S100A8/9-TLR4 axes. Systemic up-regulation of S100A8/A9, mainly by megakaryocytes and monocytes in the peripheral blood, may contribute to the cytokine storms frequently observed in severe patients.
Preventing COVID-19 Fatalities: State versus Federal Policies	Renne,  Jean-Paul,  Roussellet, et al	SSRN- Lancet prepublication	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de sant&amp;eacute; publique	Are COVID-19 fatalities large when a federal government does not to impose containment policies and instead allow states to implement their own policies? We answer this question by developing a stochastic extension of a SIRD epidemiological model for a country composed of multiple states. Our model allows for interstate mobility. We consider three policies: mask mandates, stay-at-home orders, and interstate travel bans. We fit our model to daily U.S. state-level COVID-19 death counts and exploit our estimates to produce various policy counterfactuals. While the restrictions imposed by some states inhibited a significant number of virus deaths, we find that more than two-thirds of U.S. COVID-19 deaths could have been prevented by late September 2020 had the federal government imposed federal mandates as early as some of the earliest states did. Our results highlight the need for early actions by a federal government for the successful containment of a pandemic.
32971081; The spread of SARS-CoV-2 in Spain: Hygiene habits, sociodemographic profile, mobility patterns and comorbidities	Rodríguez-Barranco,  M,  Rivas-García, et al	Environmental research	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Transmission	This study conducted throughout the Spanish territory aims to clarify other routes of transmission of the COVID-19 during confinement, risk factors, and the effectiveness of the recommended hygiene measures to detect critical points of exposure to the virus and thus reduce its spread in this and possible future pandemics that could compromise public health. Our results show that living with a COVID-19 patient increased the risk of contagion by 60 times. Among all the sociodemographic variables analyzed, walking the dog have shown to have the strongest effect by increasing the risk by 78%. The most effective hygiene measure reducing the prevalence of the disease was the disinfection of products purchased from the market upon arrival home (which reduced the risk by 94%), above other hygiene measures, such as wearing masks, gloves, ethanol disinfection, bleaching and others. The mobility variable studied that showed the largest increase in the prevalence of the disease was working on site at the workplace (increased the risk by 76%). A significant higher prevalence of the disease was also detected among respondents who used the modality of acquiring basic commodities using home delivery service compared to those who chose in-store shopping.
32964653; Insights on the Evidence of Cardiotoxicity of Hydroxychloroquine Prior and During COVID-19 Epidemic	Romani,  S,  Gérard, et al	Clinical and Translational Science	Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	We aimed to assess and compare the profile of cardiac adverse drug reactions (CADRs) associated with hydroxychloroquine (HCQ)  before and during COVID‐19. We performed a retrospective comparative observational study using the French Pharmacovigilance network database between 1985 and May 2020 to assess all postmarketing CADRs associated with HCQ notified before COVID‐19 in its approved indications for lupus and rheumatoid arthritis (preCOV), and those concerning its empirical use in COVID‐19 (COV). Eighty‐five CADR in preCOV were compared with 141 CADRs in COV. The most common CADR of preCOV were cardiomyopathies (42.4%) and conduction disorders (28.2%), both statistically more frequent than in COV (P < 0.001). COV notifications significantly highlighted repolarization and ventricular rhythm disorders (78.0%, P < 0.001) as well as sinus bradycardias (14.9%, P = 0.01) as compared with preCOV. This fosters the value of a closer monitoring of all patients treated with HCQ, regardless of its indication, and the importance of an update of its summary of product characteristics.
Virtual mental health care in the Veterans Health Administration's immediate response to coronavirus disease-19	Rosen,  CS,  Morland, et al	Am Psychol	Mental Health | santé mentale	This article discusses research on the effectiveness of telemental health, VHA policies before COVID-19 that facilitated the use of telemental health systemwide, and VHA’s actions that rapidly scaled use of telemental health during the first months of the outbreak. Key challenges and lessons learned from VHA’s experience and implications for providers and health care systems regarding the use of telemental health to meet patients’ mental health care needs during the pandemic are also discussed.
Vaginal delivery in SARS-CoV-2-infected pregnant women in Israel: a multicenter prospective analysis	Rottenstreich,  A,  Tsur, et al	Arch Gynecol Obstet	Clinical data| Données cliniques	To investigate the mode of delivery and its impact on immediate neonatal outcome in SARS-CoV-2-infected women. In this prospective study among SARS-CoV-2-infected mothers, vaginal delivery rates were high and associated with favorable outcomes with no cases of neonatal COVID-19. Our findings underscore that delivery management among SARS-CoV-2-infected mothers should be based on obstetric indications and may potentially reduce the high rates of cesarean delivery previously reported in this setting.
Corneal transplantation and eye banking practices during COVID-19-related lockdown period in India from a network of tertiary eye care centers	Roy,  A,  Das, et al	Indian J Ophthalmol	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	The purpose of this study was to discuss the guidelines and modification of practices with respect to corneal transplantation and eye banking during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown period and beyond, at a network of tertiary care centers in India.  Complete lockdown orders from the Indian government, as a strategy to control the Coronavirus pandemic, resulted in drastic reduction of all types of elective corneal transplants and eye banking activities from March 24, 2020 to May 31, 2020. The sudden cessation of eye banking resulted in an acute demand and supply imbalance of fresh donor corneas for transplants during this time. Our network of eye banks addressed this issue by adopting glycerol preservation of donor corneas, which were subsequently utilized for tectonic penetrating keratoplasty. The donor cornea retrieval was resumed in a strategized manner 3 weeks prior to the date of exit of the lockdown, with modified guidelines on donor suitability, screening, retrieval, processing, and harvesting from various sources. A triage of keratoplasty priority was formulated to tide over the post lockdown shortage of corneas. We performed 31 therapeutic keratoplasties during the nationwide lockdown among our network of tertiary eye care centers.
Spanish radiographers’ concerns about the COVID-19 pandemic	Ruiz,  C,  Llopis, et al	Radiography	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This study was quantitative, observational and cross-sectional. The aim of the study is to explore Spanish radiographers’ concerns about the COVID-19 pandemic. The sample was made up of 546 radiographers working in Spain during the outbreak. The instrument used for analysis was an ad hoc questionnaire with socio-demographic questions and the questionnaire on perception of threat from COVID-19 validate to spanish healthcare professionals. The results showed a high level of a perceived threat from COVID-19 (7.57 ± 0.088), furthermore we observed a high level of threat about the possibility of infecting family members (8.49 ± 0.25), patients (8.33 ± 0.086), and coworkers (8.35 ± 0.084). Our findings suggest that it is recommended that healthcare professionals receive formation to reinforce and improve their emotional competencies for coping successfully with potentially stressful situations like COVI19 pandemic.
Clinical Suspicion of COVID-19 in Nursing Home residents: symptoms and mortality risk factors	Rutten,  JeanineJS,  van Loon, et al	medRxiv	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	Objectives To describe symptomatology, mortality and risk factors for mortality in a large group of Dutch nursing home (NH) resident. In our sample of residents with clinically-suspected COVID-19 (N=4007), COVID-19 was confirmed in 1538 residents (38%). Although, symptomatology overlapped between residents with COVID-19+ and COVID-19-, those with COVID-19+ were three times more likely to die within 30 days (hazard ratio (HR), 3·1; 95% CI, 2·7 to 3·6). Within this group, mortality was higher for men than for women (HR, 1·8; 95%, 1·5-2·2) and we observed a higher mortality for residents with dementia, reduced kidney function, and Parkinson’s Disease, even when corrected for age, gender, and comorbidities.
Pooling samples: a testing option for SARS-CoV-2 during a supply shortage	Salimnia,  H,  Mitchell, et al	Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	Pooling of 1 positive sample with up to 5 negative samples prior to testing with the Cepheid GenXpert SARS-CoV-2 assay did not adversely impact detection of positive samples. At our current prevalence of 2%, it could save up to 70% of the test kits. © 2020
Prognosticating the spread of covid-19 pandemic based on optimal arima estimators	Sandhir,  V,  Kumar, et al	Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	BACKGROUND: COVID-19 cases have been reported as a global threat and several studies are being conducted using various modelling techniques to evaluate patterns of disease dispersion in the upcoming weeks. Here we propose a simple statistical model that could be used to predict the epidemiological extent of community spread of COVID-19from the explicit data based on optimal ARIMA model estimators. METHODS: Raw data was retrieved on confirmed cases of COVID-19 from Johns Hopkins University (https://github.com/CSSEGISandData/COVID-19) and Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model was fitted based on cumulative daily figures of confirmed cases aggregated globally for ten major countries to predict their incidence trend. Statistical analysis was completed by using R 3.5.3 software. RESULTS: The optimal ARIMA model having the lowest Akaike information criterion (AIC) value for US (0,2,0); Spain (1,2,0); France (0,2,1); Germany (3,2,2); Iran (1,2,1); China (0,2,1); Russia (3,2,1); India (2,2,2); Australia (1,2,0) and South Africa (0,2,2) imparted the nowcasting of trends for the upcoming weeks. These parameters are (p, d, q) where p refers to number of autoregressive terms, d refers to number of times the series has to be differenced before it becomes stationary, and q refers to number of moving average terms. Results obtained from ARIMA model showed significant decrease cases in Australia; stable case for China and rising cases has been observed in other countries. CONCLUSION: This study tried their best at predicting the possible proliferate of COVID-19, although spreading significantly depends upon the various control and measurement policy taken by each country.
Distinct cellular immune profiles in the airways and blood of critically ill patients with COVID 19	Saris,  Anno,  Reijnders, et al	bioRxiv	Clinical data| Données cliniques Immunology | Immunologie	To gain insight in the pulmonary immune response we analysed bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples and paired blood samples from 17 severe COVID-19 patients. In the lungs, both CD4 and CD8 T cells were predominantly effector memory cells and expressed higher levels of the exhaustion marker PD-1 than in peripheral blood. Prolonged ICU stay associated with a reduced proportion of activated T cells in peripheral blood and even more so in BALF. T cell activation in blood, but not in BALF, was higher in fatal COVID-19 cases. Increased levels of inflammatory mediators were more pronounced in BALF than in plasma.
Predicting COVID-19 Severity with a Specific Nucleocapsid Antibody plus Disease Risk Factor Score	Sen,  Sanjana,  Sanders, et al	bioRxiv	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Immunology | Immunologie	Here, ELISA and coronavirus antigen microarray (COVAM) analysis mapped antibody epitopes in the plasma of COVID-19 patients (n = 86) experiencing a wide-range of disease states. The experiments identified antibodies to a 21-residue epitope from nucleocapsid (termed Ep9) associated with severe disease, including admission to the ICU, requirement for ventilators, or death. Importantly, anti-Ep9 antibodies can be detected within six days post-symptom onset and sometimes within one day. Furthermore, anti-Ep9 antibodies correlate with various comorbidities and hallmarks of immune hyperactivity. We introduce a simple-to-calculate, disease risk factor score to quantitate each patients comorbidities and age.
Association of County-Wide Mask Ordinances with Reductions in Daily CoVID-19 Incident Case Growth in a Midwestern Region Over 12 Weeks	Shacham,  Enbal,  Scroggins, et al	medRxiv	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de sant&amp;eacute; publique	This study assessed the longitudinal impact of new COVID-19 cases when a mask ordinance was implemented in 2 of a 5-county Midwestern U.S. metropolitan region over a 3-month period of time. Reduction in case growth was significant and reduced infection inequities by race and population density.
Analyzing Societal Impact of COVID-19: A Study During the Early Days of the Pandemic	Shanthakumar,  Swaroop Gowdra,  Seetharam, et al	arXiv	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	In this study we collect and study Twitter communications to understand the societal impact of COVID-19 in the United States. Our study presents a systematic way to construct an aggregated picture of peoples' response to the pandemic
Projected COVID-19 epidemic in the United States in the context of the effectiveness of a potential vaccine and implications for social distancing and face mask use	Shen,  Mingwang,  Zu, et al	medRxiv	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Transmission Public health interventions*| Interventions de sant&amp;eacute; publique	We developed a dynamic compartmental model of COVID-19 transmission for the four most severely affected states (New York, Texas, Florida, and California). Without a vaccine, the spread of COVID-19 could be suppressed in these states by maintaining strict social distancing measures and face mask use levels. But relaxing social distancing restrictions to the pre-pandemic level without changing the current face mask use would lead to a new COVID-19 outbreak, resulting in 0.8-4 million infections and 15,000-240,000 deaths across these four states over the next 12 months. Only a highly effective vaccine will enable the US population to return to life as it was before the pandemic.
Acute Pancreatitis During COVID-19 Pneumonia	Shinohara,  T,  Otani, et al	Pancreas	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Authors demonstrate  the case of an adult who developed COVID-19 pneumonia with concomitant pancreatitis.
SARS-CoV-2 and influenza: The morbidity and the mortality of patients increase through coinfections	Siegmund-Schultze,  N	Deutsches Arzteblatt International	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	https://search.bvsalud.org/global-literature-on-novel-coronavirus-2019-ncov/resource/en/covidwho-891183
No association between COVID-19 related liver injury and the course of disease: a retrospective study	Sikkema,  BJB,  Sint Nicolaas, et al	Scand J Gastroenterol	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	The aim of the present study is to evaluate whether COVID-19 related liver injury at the time of first presentation is associated with the course of the disease. We included 382 patients with COVID-19 infection. The incidence of liver injury was 41.6% (n = 159). Being female was associated with liver injury (p < .05). Liver injury was not associated with a more severe course of the disease in terms of hospitalization, length of hospital stay, intensive care unit admission and mortality.
Vasculitis changes in COVID-19 survivors with persistent symptoms: an [(18)F]FDG-PET/CT study	Sollini,  M,  Ciccarelli, et al	Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging	Long-Term Sequelae | séquelles à long terme	Several patients experience unexplained persistent symptoms after SARS-CoV-2 recovering. We aimed at evaluating if 2-deoxy-2-(18)F]fluoro-D-glucose ((18)F]FDG) was able to demonstrate a persistent inflammatory process. Ten recovered SARS-CoV-2 patients (seven male and three females, median age 52 years, range 46-80) with persisting symptoms were enrolled in the study. Common findings at visual analysis were increased (18)F]FDG uptake in bone marrow and blood vessels (8/10 and 6/10 cases, respectively). (18)F]FDG uptake in bone marrow did not differ between cases and controls (p = 0.16). The total vascular score was similar in the two groups (p = 0.95). The target-to-blood pool ratio resulted higher in recovered SARS-CoV-2 patients than in controls.
Pseudotumor Cerebri Caused by SARS-CoV-2 Infection in a Boy	Soto Insuga,  V,  Cantarín-Extremera, et al	Journal of Pediatric Neurology	Clinical data| Données cliniques	We present the case of a 7-year-old boy who started with diplopia and paralysis of the sixth unilateral cranial nerve after a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. The cranial resonance was normal and the cerebrospinal pressure was 32 cm H 2O detected by lumbar puncture. The treatment with corticosteroids and acetazolamide was effective. This is the first case of idiopathic intracranial hypertension associated to SARS-CoV-2 probably due to immune-mediated process. © 2020 Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. All rights reserved.
ECMO therapy in COVID-19: The Zurich experience	Sromicki,  J,  Schmiady, et al	J Card Surg	Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	METHODS: The following is a review and update of the situation and crisis management in Zürich and Switzerland with a special focus on the impact on the cardiac surgery program and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)-therapy in COVID-19.  RESULTS: Regional and national measures had avoided the collapse of the health system in Switzerland. There was a reduction of over 50% of the surgical and transcatheter caseload during the first wave of the pandemic. Twenty-three ECMO devices, 150 oxygenators, and more than 300 different cannulas were at our disposal. Between March and May 2020, nine COVID-19 patients were treated by us with ECMO-therapy. Three patients were transported by us from distant institutions. Median age at ECMO implantation was 59 years. Two patients died on support.
Epitope profiling reveals binding signatures of SARS-CoV-2 immune response and cross-reactivity with endemic HCoVs	Stoddard,  CaitlinI,  Galloway, et al	bioRxiv	Clinical data| Données cliniques Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Immunology | Immunologie	Here, we developed a phage display library to map antibody binding sites at high resolution within the complete viral proteomes of all human-infecting coronaviruses in patients with mild or moderate/severe COVID-19. The dominant immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 were targeted to regions spanning the Spike protein, Nucleocapsid, and ORF1ab. We also identified a set of cross-reactive sequences that were bound by antibodies in SARS-CoV-2 unexposed individuals. Finally, we uncovered a subset of enriched epitopes from commonly circulating human coronaviruses with significant homology to highly reactive SARS-CoV-2 sequences.
A real-time survey on the psychological impact of mild lockdown for COVID-19 in the Japanese population	Sugaya,  N,  Yamamoto, et al	Sci Data	Mental Health | santé mentale	We conducted an online survey to investigate factors associated with psychological distress in the “mild lockdown” under a declared state of emergency for COVID-19. We collected data on 11,333 inhabitants (52.4% women, 46.3 ± 14.6 years) living in the seven prefectures where the declaration was first applied. The investigation dates of this study, 11 and 12 May 2020, were in the final phase of the state of emergency. The survey was conducted in real-time to minimize participants’ recall bias. In addition to psychological inventories often used worldwide, the questionnaires used in this survey included lifestyle and stress management items related to COVID-19 and various socio-demographic items including occupation (e.g. healthcare worker) or income.
A SARS-CoV-2 variant with the 12-bp deletion at E gene	Sun,  YS,  Xu, et al	Emerg Microbes Infect	Clinical data| Données cliniques Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Immunology | Immunologie	In this study, by using plaque purification, we purified two SARS-CoV-2 virus strains from the same specimen, one named F8  and the other named 8X. The S protein content of the F8 viral culture was 0.39 μg/ml, much higher than that of 8X suggesting that an  inactivated vaccine made from the F8 strain could trigger higher levels of the IgG titer and neutralizing antibody titer
Teleneuropsychology in the time of COVID-19: The experience of The Australian Epilepsy Project	Tailby,  C,  Collins, et al	Seizure	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	Describe how the pilot study of the Australian Epilepsy Project (AEP) has transitioned to tele-neuropsychology (teleNP), enabling continued safe operations during the pandemic. To date, we have completed 24 teleNP assessments: 18 remotely (participant in own home) and six on-site (participant using equipment at research facility). Five face-to-face assessments were conducted prior to the transition to teleNP. Eight of 408 tests administered via teleNP (1.9 %) have been invalidated, for a variety of reasons (technical, procedural, environmental). Data confirm typical patterns of epilepsy-related deficits (p < .05) affecting processing speed, executive function, language and memory. Questionnaire responses indicate elevated rates of patients at high risk of mood (34 %) and anxiety disorder (38 %).
Maximal Covering Location Problem (MCLP) for the identification of potential optimal COVID-19 testing facility sites in Nigeria	Taiwo,  OJ	African Geographical Review	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	The identification of University Teaching and Research Hospitals (UTRHs) for siting additional National Center for Disease Control Molecular Laboratories (NCDCMLs) for effective coverage of Local Government Areas (LGAs) during the COVID-19 pandemic was accomplished using the Maximal Covering Location Problem (MCLP) method. The NCDCMLs are skewed in favor of the southwestern Nigeria and there is a significant positive correlation between the number of NCDCMLs and the reported COVID-19 infections (r= 0.860, p< 0.001). There are 22.22%, 35.79%, 63.82%, 76.10% and 82.04% of LGAs within 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10hr drive time, respectively, from at least one NCDCML.  Four of the seven proposed new NCNCMLs are optimal while the remaining three are not. Perhaps, this study is the first attempt at evaluating the use of UTRHs as an alternative to none UTRHs NCDCML. The use of the MCLP method allows for the identification of not only the required numbers of NCDCMLs but also the drive time to them.
The increased rate of life-threatening interventions in remotely monitored patients with heart failure during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic	Tajstra,  M,  Kurek, et al	Pol Arch Intern Med	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	The aim of the present study was to analyze the rate of life threatening interventions in remotely monitored patients with HF and ICD or CRT-Ds during the first month of the COVID-19 outbreak. This study shows a 2.5-fold increase in any intervention in patients with HF and implanted ICD or CRT-Ds during the first months of the COVID-19 outbreak. Remote monitoring may be an effective way to care for patients with HF. Further severity of COVID-19 is expected.
Mental health and its correlates among children and adolescents during COVID-19 school closure: The importance of parent-child discussion	Tang,  S,  Xiang, et al	Journal of affective disorders	Mental Health | santé mentale	Assessed psychological distress (including depression, anxiety, and stress), life satisfaction, perceived impact of home quarantine, and parent-child discussions on COVID-19 within primary and secondary school students from Shanghai, China. The three most prevalent symptoms were: anxiety (24.9%), depression (19.7%), and stress (15.2%). Participants were generally satisfied with life and 21.4% became more satisfied with life during school closures. Senior grades were positively correlated with psychopathological symptoms and negatively associated with life satisfaction, whereas the perceived benefit from home quarantine and parent-child discussions on COVID-19 were negatively correlated with psychopathological symptoms and positively correlated with life satisfaction. Among participants who perceived no benefit from home quarantine, those who had discussions with their parents about COVID-19 experienced less depression, anxiety, and stress.
The Values and Limitations of Mathematical Modeling to COVID-19 in the World: A Follow Up Report	Tang,  Y,  Tang, et al	Emerg Microbes Infect	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	Our original paper prepared in March 2020 analyzed the outbreaks of COVID-19 in the US and its selected states to identify the rise, peak, and decrease of cases within a given geographic population, as well as a rough calculation of accumulated total cases in this population from the beginning to the end of June 2020. The current report will describe how well the later actual trend from March to June fit our model and prediction. Similar analyses are also conducted to include countries other than the US. From such a wide global data analysis, our results demonstrated that different US states and countries showed dramatically different patterns of pandemic trend. The values and limitations of our modeling are discussed.
Major new lineages of SARS-CoV-2 emerge and spread in South Africa during lockdown	Tegally,  Houriiyah,  Wilkinson, et al	medRxiv	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	To rapidly understand the spread of SARS-CoV-2 in South Africa, we formed the Network for Genomics Surveillance in South Africa (NGS-SA). Here, we analyze 1,365 high quality whole genomes and identify 16 new lineages of SARS-CoV-2. Most of these unique lineages have mutations that are found hardly anywhere else in the world. We also show that three lineages spread widely in South Africa and contributed to ~42% of all of the infections in the country.
PMC7592135; The role of nicotinic receptors in SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2 expression in intestinal epithelia	Ten Hove,  AS,  Brinkman, et al	Bioelectron Med	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Nicotinic receptors (nAChRs) have been put forward as potential regulators of inflammation and of ACE2 expression. As vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) activates nAChRs, we aimed to investigate whether VNS can be instrumental in affecting intestinal epithelial ACE2 expression. We show co-expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 with nAChRs and α7 nAChR in particular in intestinal stem cells, goblet cells, and enterocytes. However, VNS did not affect ACE2 expression in murine or human intestinal tissue, albeit in colitis setting.
Time-dependent heterogeneity leads to transient suppression of COVID-19 epidemic, not herd immunity	Tkachenko,  AlexeiV,  Maslov, et al	medRxiv	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	We demonstrate how to incorporate persistent heterogeneity into a wide class of epidemiological models, and derive a non-linear dependence of the effective reproduction number Re on the susceptible population fraction S. This approach is further generalized to account for time variations in individual social activity. It is shown that the suppression of the early waves of the COVID-19 epidemic has been facilitated in some locations by Transient Collective Immunity (TCI). Results suggest that the hardest-hit areas, such as New York City, have achieved TCI following the first wave of the epidemic, but likely remain below the long-term Herd Immunity Threshold.
Cerebral Venous Thrombosis in Patients with COVID-19 Infection: a Case Series and Systematic Review	Tu,  TM,  Goh, et al	Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases	Clinical data| Données cliniques	We present a case series of local patients with concomitant COVID-19 infection and CVT
“Dad, Wash Your Hands”: Gender, Care Work, and Attitudes toward Risk during the COVID-19 Pandemic	Umamaheswar,  J,  Tan, et al	Socius	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	Responses to COVID-19 have posited that men’s dismissive attitudes toward the risks of the virus reflect their attempts to conform to masculine norms that valorize bravery and strength. The authors develop an alternative account of the gender differences in attitudes toward COVID-19. Drawing on three waves of in-depth interviews with 45 college students and members of their households over a period of 16 weeks, 120 interviews, the authors find that men and women in comparable circumstances perceive similar risks of COVID-19, but they diverge in their attitudes toward, and responses to, these risks.
A stochastic intelligent computing with neuro-evolution heuristics for nonlinear sitr system of novel COVID-19 dynamics	Umar,  M,  Sabir, et al	Symmetry	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	The present study aims to design stochastic intelligent computational heuristics for the numerical treatment of a nonlinear SITR system representing the dynamics of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The mathematical SITR system using fractal parameters for COVID-19 dynamics is divided into four classes; that is, susceptible (S), infected (I), treatment (T), and recovered (R). the dynamics of novel COVID-19 are represented by calculating the solution of the mathematical SITR system using feed-forward artificial neural networks (FF-ANNs) trained with global search genetic algorithms (GAs) and speedy fine tuning by sequential quadratic programming (SQP)—that is, an FF-ANN-GASQP scheme. The correctness, stability, and potential of the proposed FF-ANN-GASQP scheme for the four different cases are established through comparative assessment study from the results of numerical computing with Adams solver for single as well as multiple autonomous trials. The results of statistical evaluations further authenticate the convergence and prospective accuracy of the FF-ANN-GASQP method.
Nano-curcumin therapy, a promising method in modulating inflammatory cytokines in COVID-19 patients	Valizadeh,  H,  Abdolmohammadi-vahid, et al	International immunopharmacology	Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	Identified the effects of Nano-curcumin on the modulation of inflammatory cytokines in COVID-19 patients. Our primary results indicated that the mRNA expression and cytokine secretion of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-18 were increased significantly in COVID-19 patients compared with healthy control group. After treatment with Nano-curcumin, a significant decrease in IL-6 expression and secretion in serum and in supernatant and IL-1β gene expression and secretion level in serum and supernatant was observed. However, IL-18 mRNA expression and TNF-α concentration were not influenced by Nano-curcumin.
Rapid Support for older adults during the initial stages of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Results from a Geriatric Psychiatry helpline	Wahl,  Anna-Sophia,  Benson, et al	medRxiv	Mental Health | santé mentale	This study presents the results from a psychiatric helpline for older adults in Mannheim, Germany, during the lockdown. We aim to elucidate the needs of older adults, their reported changes and the psychological impact during the initial stages of the COVID-19 health crisis. 69% of callers reported new or an increase in psychiatric symptoms, with anxiety and depressive symptoms being the most common ones. Age was significantly negatively correlated to higher levels of anxiety and depression symptoms. Individuals with a previous diagnosis of a psychiatric disease reported significantly higher levels of depressive and anxiety symptoms than those without a diagnosis.
Central retinal vein occlusion with COVID-19 infection as the presumptive etiology	Walinjkar,  JA,  Makhija, et al	Indian J Ophthalmol	Clinical data| Données cliniques	We report a case of a 17-year-old female who presented to us with central retinal vein occlusion with proven recent past COVID-19 infection as presumed etiology which was not known to her at the time of presentation.
Risk factors of SARS-CoV-2 infection in healthcare workers: a retrospective study of a nosocomial outbreak	Wang,  X,  Jiang, et al	Sleep Medicine: X	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	Investigated risk factors for nosocomial COVID-19 infection among healthcare workers (HCWs) in a non-COVID-19 hospital yard. A high proportion of COVID-19 HCWs had engaged in night shift-work (75.0% vs. 40.6%) and felt working under pressure (66.7% vs. 32.1%) than uninfected HCWs. SARS-CoV-2 infected HCWs had significantly higher scores of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Nurse Stress Index (NSI) than uninfected HCWs (P < 0.001). Specifically, scores of 5 factors (sleep quality, sleep time, sleep efficiency, sleep disorder, and daytime dysfunction) in PSQI were higher among infected HCWs. For NSI, its 5 subscales (nursing profession and work, workload and time allocation, working environment and resources, patient care, management and interpersonal relations) were all higher in infected than uninfected nurse. Furthermore, total scores of PSQI (HR = 2.97, 95%CI = 1.86−4.76; P <0.001) and NSI (HR = 4.67, 95%CI = 1.42−15.45; P = 0.011) were both positively associated with the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Contamination of SARS-CoV-2 in patient surroundings and on personal protective equipment in a non-ICU isolation ward for COVID-19 patients with prolonged PCR positive status	Wei,  L,  Huang, et al	Antimicrob Resist Infect Control	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	We performed an environmental sampling study to investigate the environmental contamination of SARS-CoV-2 by COVID-19 patients with prolonged PCR positive status of clinical samples. Eighty-eight samples were collected from high-touch surfaces and floors in patient rooms and toilets, with only the bedsheets of two patients and one toilet positive for SARS-CoV-2. All air samples (n = 34) were negative for SARS-CoV-2. Fifty-five samples collected from PPE were all negative. Contamination of near-patient surroundings was uncommon for COVID-19 patients with prolonged PCR positive status if environmental cleaning/disinfection were performed rigorously. Airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2 was unlikely in these non-ICU settings.
Novel SARS-CoV-2 Whole-genome sequencing technique using Reverse Complement PCR enables fast and accurate outbreak analysis	Wolters,  Femke,  Coolen, et al	bioRxiv	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Transmission Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	Here we report a novel reverse complement polymerase chain reaction (RC-PCR) technology for WGS of SARS-CoV-2.  RC-PCR resulted in WGS data for 146/173 samples tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. Three out of six suspected clusters were fully confirmed, while in other clusters four healthcare workers were not associated. Importantly, a previously unknown chain of transmission was confirmed in the public health service samples.
In silico identification of drug candidates against COVID-19	Wu,  Y,  Chang, et al	Informatics in Medicine Unlocked	Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	The COVID-19 has no effective medication or therapeutic strategy for treatment. To elucidate the inhibitory effects, we first tested binding affinities of 11 HIV-1 protease inhibitors or their pharmacoenhancers docked onto SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro), and 12 nucleotide-analog inhibitors docked onto RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). To further obtain the effective drug candidates, we screened 728 approved drugs via virtual screening on SARS-CoV-2 Mpro. Our results demonstrate that remdesivir shows the best binding energy on RdRp and saquinvir is the best inhibitor of Mpro. Based on the binding energies, we also list 10 top-ranked approved drugs which can be potential inhibitors for Mpro. Overall, our results do not only propose drug candidates for further experiments and clinical trials but also pave the way for future lead optimization and drug design.
Evaluation of a SARS-CoV-2 lateral flow assay using the plaque reduction neutralization test	Xie,  X,  Nielsen, et al	Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	In this study, we evaluated the Vazyme 2019-nCoV IgG/IgM Detection Kit, which is a lateral flow assay (LFA), by the plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) using 100 patient plasma/serum samples. As compared to the PRNT results, the Vazyme LFA had 95.9% sensitivity and 96.1% specificity. Along with the increased need for rapid, effective, and affordable point of care tests to help provide meaningful epidemiological data, we demonstrated that the Vazyme LFA performed well on IgG detection but cannot be judged on the performance of IgM detection using PRNT alone. However, our observation of the low IgM-positive rate supported the poor performance of IgM detection of this LFA which led to the disapproval of its Emergency Use Authorization recently.
Esophagogastroduodenoscopy procedure using disposable endoscope to detect the cause of melena in a patient with COVID-19	Xu,  F,  Yang, et al	Dig Endosc	Clinical data| Données cliniques Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI)	A 55‐year‐old man was diagnosed as COVID‐19 with hypoxemia. After 1 month the patient presented with severe anemia with melena.  Emergent endoscopy was necessary to reveal the cause of bleeding. We decided to perform the upper GI endoscopy using a disposable endoscope.  The endoscope might be contaminated by digestive fluid which can spread the virus to the operator and cleaner. During the COVID‐19 pandemic, the appropriate use of personal protective equipment (PPE) and simple barrier device can prevent SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in endoscopy units. The use of a disposable endoscope is also a preferred option for minimizing the risk of contact transmission.
Twitter discussions and emotions about COVID-19 pandemic: a machine learning approach	Xue,  J,  Chen, et al	J Med Internet Res	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The objective of the study is to examine COVID-19 related discussions, concerns, and sentiments that emerged from tweets posted by Twitter users. The study shows that Twitter data and machine learning approaches can be leveraged for infodemiology study by studying the evolving public discussions and sentiments during the COVID-19. As the situation evolves rapidly, several topics are consistently dominant on Twitter, such as "the confirmed cases and death rates," "preventive measures," "health authorities and government policies," "COVID-19 stigma," and "negative psychological reactions (e.g., fear)." Real-time monitoring and assessment of the Twitter discussions and concerns can be promising for public health emergency responses and planning. Already emerged pandemic fear, stigma, and mental health concerns may continue to influence public trust when there occurs a second wave of COVID-19 or a new surge of the imminent pandemic.
Transcriptomic analysis reveals novel mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 infection in human lung cells	Yang,  S,  Wu, et al	Immun Inflamm Dis	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Immunology | Immunologie	Data interpretation was conducted by recruiting bioinformatics analysis. The present study demonstrated that SARS-CoV-2 infection induces the upregulation of 14 interferon-stimulated genes. Altered pyrimidine metabolism and steroid biosynthesis are remarkable, and perhaps druggable features after SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Uncaria tomentosa (cat's claw): a promising herbal medicine against SARS-CoV-2/ACE-2 junction and SARS-CoV-2 spike protein based on molecular modeling	Yepes-Pérez,  AF,  Herrera-Calderon, et al	J Biomol Struct Dyn	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	Molecular modeling was carried out to evaluate the potential antiviral properties of the components of the medicinal herb Uncaria tomentosa (cat's claw) focusing on the binding interface of the RBD-ACE-2 and the viral spike protein. The structural bioinformatics approaches led to the identification of several bioactive compounds of U. tomentosa with potential therapeutic effect by dual strong interaction with interface of the RBD-ACE-2 and the ACE-2 binding site on SARS-CoV-2 RBD viral spike. In addition, in silico drug-likeness indices for these components were calculated and showed good predicted therapeutic profiles of these phytochemicals found in U. tomentosa (cat's claw). Our findings suggest the potential effectiveness of cat's claw as complementary and/or alternative medicine for COVID-19 treatment.
PMC7302089; Early Experience With COVID-19 and Solid Organ Transplantation at a US High-volume Transplant Center	Yi,  SG,  Rogers, et al	Transplantation	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	We present 21 solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients diagnosed with COVID-19 between January 1, 2020 and April 22, 2020 at a US high-volume transplant center. Twenty-one (15.9%) of 132 symptomatic patients tested were positive. Mean age at diagnosis was 54.8 ± 10.9 y. COVID-19 positive SOT at our institution had favorable short-term outcomes. Those with concomitant infections had more severe illness. More data will be available to evaluate long-term outcomes and disease impact on graft function.
Cbrr model for predicting the dynamics of the covid-19 epidemic in real time	Zakharov,  V,  Balykina, et al	Mathematics	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	The study presented in this paper is based on the Case-Based Reasoning method used in statistical analysis, forecasting and decision making in the field of public health and epidemiology. A new mathematical Case-Based Rate Reasoning model (CBRR) has been built for the short-term forecasting of coronavirus spread dynamics under uncertainty. The model allows for predicting future values of the increase in the percentage of new cases for a period of 2–3 weeks. Information on the dynamics of the total number of infected people in previous periods in Italy, Spain, France, and the United Kingdom was used. Simulation results confirmed the possibility of using the proposed approach for constructing short-term forecasts of coronavirus spread dynamics. The main finding of this study is that using the proposed approach for Russia showed that the deviation of the predicted total number of confirmed cases from the actual one was within 0.3%. For the USA, the deviation was 0.23%.
Repurposing Nucleoside Analogs for Human Coronaviruses	Zandi,  K,  Amblard, et al	Antimicrob Agents Chemother	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	Here, we evaluated a panel compounds and identified novel nucleoside analogs with antiviral activity against CoV-2 and HCoV-OC43 while ruling out others. Of significance sofosbuvir demonstrated no antiviral effect against CoV-2 and its triphosphate did not inhibit CoV-2 RNA polymerase.
Clinical outcomes of dialysis patients with COVID-19 in the initial phase of the COVID-19 outbreak in Wuhan, China	Zeng,  X,  Huang, et al	Int Urol Nephrol	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	We sought to describe the clinical characteristics of dialysis patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. During the outbreak of COVID-19, 36 dialysis patients were infected by SARS-CoV-2. Among those 36 patients, 32 (7.2%) were on HD, and 4 (1.8%) were on PD. When comparing SARS-CoV-2 infection between HD and PD, the relative risk was 4.07 (RR = 4.07, 95% CI 1.46-11.35). We noted a median age of 66 years during the observation period, and the number of male patients was 23 (63.9%). There were 15 fatal cases tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 (13 cases on HD and 2 cases on PD). By comparing mortality in the same period of 2018, 2019 and 2020, the all-cause mortality of hemodialysis patients was significantly higher in 2020 (4.89%) than in either 2018 (2.55%) or 2019 (1.97%). There was no significant difference in mortality from all causes excluding COVID-19, during the same period among the 3-year period. However, during the COVID-19 outbreak, the mortality from all causes excluding COVID-19 was 2.73%, which was slightly higher than that from COVID-19 (2.16%).
TGF-β and CCL18 as Indicators for Predicting and Monitoring the Development of Pulmonary Fibrosis in Patients with COVID-19	Zong,  Ming,  Zheng, et al	Research Square prepub	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	This study aimed to evaluate predictors and monitors of pulmonary fibrosis in patients with COVID-19. Thirty-five convalescent patients with severe COVID-19, after appropriate medical treatments, were recruited. According to evidence of fibrosis on initial computed tomography (CT), the patients were divided into mild-to-moderate and severe groups. Severe fibrosis was found in 76.29% (26/35) of patients. However, most baseline laboratory characteristics were normal. Fibrosis indicators (TGF-β: 66.67±158.57 vs 55.84±126.43 pg/mL, P=0.006; CCL18: 364.27±167.70 vs 84.47±60.67 ng/mL, P=0.000; PⅢP: 54.12±55.34 vs 17.15±2.48 ng/mL, P=0.000; HA: 122.47±78.84 vs 59.74±18.01 ng/mL, p=0.000; LN: 55.43±46.44 vs 24.25±7.79 ng/mL, P=0.000; CⅣ: 24.77±14.97 vs 15.32±1.15 ng/mL, P=0.001) were elevated in patients compared with controls. Over 90 days’ follow-up, HRCT scores gradually decreased from 22.48±16.13 to 10.33±11.11 (P<0.001), and mMRC scores decreased from 3.27±0.32 to 1.48±0.33, and all fibrosis indicators, except for PⅢP, gradually declined with the improvement of pulmonary fibrosis. Moreover, TGF-β and CCL18 levels were lower in the mild-to-moderate than severe fibrosis group (88.16±97.45 vs 205.93±170.57 pg/mL, P=0.024; 241.84±125.37 vs 366.64±161.06 ng/mL, P=0.038), and patients with elevated baseline levels of serum TGF-β and CCL18 had longer rehabilitation times.
Current status of telehealth in Saudi Arabia during COVID-19	Alghamdi,  S,  Alqahtani, et al	Journal of Family and Community Medicine	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Rehabilitation and COVID-19: a rapid living systematic review 2020 by Cochrane Rehabilitation Field. Update as of September 30th, 2020	Andrenelli,  E,  Negrini, et al	Eur J Phys Rehabil Med	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	SR: he most recently published COVID-19 research focuses more on describing the clinical presentations and the natural history of the pathology, rather than rehabilitation interventions or service delivery. Studies with high levels of evidence regarding the efficacy of interventions, longterm monitoring, or new organization models remain lacking.
Can immunity during pregnancy influence SARS-CoV-2 infection? – A systematic review	Areia,  AL,  Mota-Pinto, et al	Journal of reproductive immunology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	SR: search was undertaken across ISI, PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane Library and clinical trials.gov from January 2019 up until June 2020.  In line with previous coronavirus infections, severe maternal morbidity and perinatal death with COVID-19 infection were more likely to be expected in pregnancy. Our research showed that pregnant women with COVID-19 in terms of immunity only differ from other pregnant women in their lower WBC count.
The prevalence of psychological consequences of COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies	Arora,  T,  Grey, et al	J Health Psychol	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	SR-MA: . The prevalence of psychological outcomes was similar in healthcare workers and in the general population (34% 24-44] and 33% 27-40] respectively). High prevalence figures support the importance of ensuring adequate provision of resources for mental health.
Current status of antivirals and druggable targets of SARS CoV-2 and other human pathogenic coronaviruses	Artese,  A,  Svicher, et al	Drug Resistance Updates	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Osteogenesis imperfecta and physical therapy: A review of recent trends during the COVID-19 pandemic	Ashok,  A,  Dhanesh Kumar, et al	International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
33007455; COX2 inhibition in the treatment of COVID-19: Review of literature to propose repositioning of celecoxib for randomized controlled studies	Baghaki,  S,  Yalcin, et al	International Journal of Infectious Diseases	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Stepping up detection, response, preparedness and readiness measures for “covid-19”-a pandemic	Balsara,  K,  Shukla, et al	International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Global scenario, public health concerns and mitigation strategies to counter current ongoing SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 pandemic	Barbuddhe,  SB,  Rawool, et al	Hum Vaccin Immunother	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Incidence, patterns, risk factors, and histopathological findings of liver injury in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a scoping review	Bin Arif,  T,  Khalid, et al	Hong Kong Med J	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	ScR: Five online databases, along with grey literature, were searched for articles published until 22 May 2020. Liver injury following COVID-19 infection is common and primarily hepatocellular, with a greater elevation of aspartate aminotransferase than of alanine aminotransferase. However, the evidence regarding hepatic failure secondary to COVID-19 is insufficient
The advances in human oral biology and Biotechnology	Borowiec,  B,  Hutchings, et al	Medical Journal of Cell Biology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Remdesivir: Critical Clinical Appraisal for COVID 19 Treatment	Chatterjee,  S	Drug Res (Stuttg)	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
PMC7567672; Analytical insights of COVID-19 pandemic	Chellasamy,  G,  Arumugasamy, et al	Trends Analyt Chem	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
The Impact of COVID-19 on Blood Glucose: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis	Chen,  J,  Wu, et al	Frontiers in Endocrinology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	SR-MA: PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library were searched from December 1, 2019 to May 15, 2020. This meta-analysis provides evidence that severe COVID-19 is associated with increased blood glucose. This highlights the need to effectively monitor blood glucose to improve prognosis in patients infected with COVID-19.
ER functions are exploited by viruses to support distinct stages of their life cycle	Chen,  YJ,  Bagchi, et al	Biochem Soc Trans	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Risks of dentistry in COVID 19-a review	Choudhary,  A,  Anjaneyulu, et al	International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
PMC7591274; Rheumatic manifestations of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis	Ciaffi,  J,  Meliconi, et al	BMC Rheumatol	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	SR-MA: database search was run on May 18th, 2020, using two distinct strategies. In conclusion, our review and meta-analysis emphasises that symptoms potentially leading to rheumatologic referral are common in patients with COVID-19. Therefore, COVID-19 is a new differential diagnosis to bear in mind when evaluating patients with musculoskeletal symptoms and rheumatologists might play a crucial role in identifying COVID-19 cases in early phases of the illness.
PMC7566792; Towards a political economy of the COVID-19 crisis: Reflections on an agenda for research and action	Cotula,  L	World Dev	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
A critical review of point-of-care diagnostic technologies to combat viral pandemics	Everitt,  ML,  Tillery, et al	Analytica Chimica Acta	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
COVID-19 screening protocols for preoperative assessment of head and neck cancer patients candidate for elective surgery in the midst of the pandemic: A narrative review with comparison between two Italian institutions	Ferrari,  M,  Paderno, et al	Oral oncology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Telemedicine: Is It a Tool for Orthopedics?	Foni,  NO,  Costa, et al	Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Molecular Basis of SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Rational Design of Potential Antiviral Agents: Modeling and Simulation Approaches	Francés-Monerris,  A,  Hognon, et al	J Proteome Res	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Immunoinflammatory, Thrombohaemostatic, and Cardiovascular Mechanisms in COVID-19	Gencer,  S,  Lacy, et al	Thromb Haemost	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Mental health plan for workers of the London Nightingale Hospital: following the evidence to support staff	Greenberg,  N,  Cooke, et al	BMJ Mil Health	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Efficacy of Lopinavir/Ritonavir Compared With Standard Care for Treatment of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Systematic Review	Hariyanto,  TI,  Kristine, et al	Infect Disord Drug Targets	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	SR: search was conducted in PubMed, PubMed Central, and Google Scholar through May 2nd, 2020. There is not yet enough evidence to support the regular use of lopinavir/ritonavir in the treatment of COVID19. Further clinical trials are needed to evaluate lopinavir/ritonavir's efficacy in treatment.
Head and neck practice in the covid-19 pandemics today: A rapid systematic review	Hojaij,  FC,  Chinelatto, et al	International Archives of Otorhinolaryngology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	SR: The results were limited to the year of 2020. Articles were read in English, Portuguese, French, German, and Spanish or translated from Chinese.  The use of PPE (N95 or powered air-purifying respirator PAPR]) during procedures should be mandatory. Patients should be evaluated about their COVID-19 status before hospital admission. Cancer should be treated. Tracheostomy tube cuff should be inflated inside the tracheal incision. All COVID-19 precautions should be kept until there is a validated antiviral treatment or an available vaccine.
Neurotropism of SARS-CoV-2 and its neuropathological alterations: Similarities with other coronaviruses	Hu,  J,  Jolkkonen, et al	Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Detection and Diagnosis of COVID-19	Huang,  Y,  Liu, et al	Progress in Chemistry	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Asthma and COVID-19: What do we know now	Hughes-Visentin,  A,  Paul, et al	Clinical Medicine Insights: Circulatory, Respiratory and Pulmonary Medicine	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in water environments: Current status, challenges and research opportunities	Ihsanullah,  I,  Bilal, et al	Journal of Water Process Engineering	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Role of ayurveda for poor and pandemics (Covid19) – a review article	Ingale,  AK,  Shrivastav, et al	International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Stem cell based therapy option in COVID-19: Is it really promising?	Irmak,  DK,  Darıcı, et al	Aging and Disease	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Herbal immune-boosters: Substantial warriors of pandemic Covid-19 battle	Khanna,  K,  Kohli, et al	Phytomedicine	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Applying computer simulations in battling with COVID-19, using pre-analyzed molecular and chemical data to face the pandemic	Khazeei Tabari,  MA,  Khoshhal, et al	Informatics in Medicine Unlocked	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Effect of remdesivir on mortality in patients with COVID-19: A meta-analysis of randomized control trials	Kow,  CS,  Aldeyab, et al	J Med Virol	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	MA
A chronicle of SARS-CoV-2: Seasonality, environmental fate, transport, inactivation, and antiviral drug resistance	Kumar,  M,  Mazumder, et al	Journal of hazardous materials	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Pre-eminence of moderate to robust physical activity in battling COVID-19: A narrative review	Lakkadsha,  TM,  Kumar, et al	International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Management of COVID-19 for Persons with Mental Illness in Secure Units: A Rapid International Review to Inform Practice in Québec	Lemieux,  AJ,  Dumais Michaud, et al	Victims and Offenders	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidates in rapid development	Li,  L,  Guo, et al	Hum Vaccin Immunother	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Importance and guidelines of postmortem examination on COVID-19 cases: An overview	Li,  R,  Yun, et al	Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Case Fatality Rates for COVID-19 Patients Requiring Invasive Mechanical Ventilation: A Meta-analysis	Lim,  ZJ,  Subramaniam, et al	Am J Respir Crit Care Med	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	MA: searched PubMed, Embase, medRxiv, bioRxiv, the COVID-19 living systematic review, and national registry databases.  Almost half of COVID-19 patients receiving IMV died, based on the reported CFR, but variable CFR reporting methods resulted in a wide range of CFR between studies. Reported CFR was higher in older patients and in early pandemic epicenters, which may be influenced by limited ICU resources.
The COVID-19 pandemic, stress, and trauma in the disability community: A call to action	Lund,  EM,  Forber-Pratt, et al	Rehabil Psychol	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Optical Biosensors for Virus Detection: Prospects for COVID-19	Maddali,  H,  Miles, et al	Chembiochem	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Aerosol transmission for SARS-CoV-2 in the dental practice. A review by SIdP Covid 19 task-force	Marco,  C,  Mario, et al	Oral Dis	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Implementation of environmental surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 virus to support public health decisions: Opportunities and challenges	Medema,  G,  Been, et al	Current Opinion in Environmental Science and Health	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Facilitators and barriers to engagement with contact tracing during infectious disease outbreaks: A rapid review of the evidence	Megnin-Viggars,  O,  Carter, et al	PLoS One	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	Rapid Review: Four electronic databases (MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, ProQuest (Coronavirus Research Database, Public Health Database, Social Science Database, Sociology Database and Internal Bibliography of the Social Science [IBSS]) were searched from inception to July 2020. Additionally the pre-print database, Medrxiv was searched on the 15th July 2020. By focusing on the factors that have been identified, contact tracing services are more likely to get people to engage with them, identify more potentially ill contacts, and reduce transmission.
PMC7568488; Predictors of mortality in patients with COVID-19-a systematic review	Mehraeen,  E,  Karimi, et al	Eur J Integr Med	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	SR:  systematic search was conducted of PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Google Scholar, and Web of Science databases. Findings suggest that older age, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus conferred a significant increased risk of mortality among patients with COVID-19. In the multivariate analysis, only diabetes mellitus demonstrated an independent relationship with increased mortality.
Chronic neurological diseases and COVID-19: Associations and considerations	Meshkat,  S,  Salimi, et al	Translational Neuroscience	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Guidelines for the management of ocular trauma during the COVID-19 pandemic	Natarajan,  S,  Nair, et al	Indian J Ophthalmol	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Distinctive therapeutic strategies against Corona Virus-19 (COVID-19): A pharmacological review	Nomier,  YA,  Rao, et al	Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
The use of masks to protect against respiratory infections: an umbrella review	Olry de Labry-Lima,  A,  Bermúdez-Tamayo, et al	Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Evaluation of mechanisms of action of re-purposed drugs for treatment of COVID-19	Rajaiah,  R,  Abhilasha, et al	Cellular immunology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
COVID-19 and the tsunami of information	Rollett,  R,  Collins, et al	Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Covid-19 and Autoimmune Diseases: A Systematic Review of Reported Cases	Saad,  MA,  Alfishawy, et al	Curr Rheumatol Rev	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	SR: We searched PubMed database using all available keyword for COVID-19. All related studies between January 1st, 2020 to May 22nd, 2020 were reviewed. COVID-19 has been implicated in the development in a range of autoimmune diseases which may shed a light on the association between autoimmune diseases and infections.
SArS-Cov-2 / COviD-19: Salient facts and strategies to combat ongoing pandemic	Sah,  R,  Pokhrel, et al	Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Coronavirus disease 2019 and the pancreas	Samanta,  J,  Gupta, et al	Pancreatology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Challenges of drug development during the COVID-19 pandemic: key considerations for clinical trial designs	Shi,  J,  Xiao, et al	Br J Clin Pharmacol	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Management of patients with oral cancer during the covid-19 pandemic	Solano,  N,  Gutierrez, et al	Journal of Oral Medicine and Oral Surgery	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Environmentally safe, nontoxic and naturally occurring antiviral product propolis–a review	Sowmya,  S,  Gujjari, et al	International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
The intriguing course of coronavirus and its age dependent variation in the disease outcome-a concise update	Swetha,  R,  Abilasha, et al	International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Helping healthcare teams save lives during COVID-19: Insights and countermeasures from team science	Traylor,  AM,  Tannenbaum, et al	Am Psychol	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Priority concerns for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities during the COVID-19 pandemic	Tromans,  S,  Kinney, et al	BJPsych Open	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
The information impact of network media, the psychological reaction to the COVID-19 pandemic, and online knowledge acquisition: Evidence from Chinese college students	Xie,  X,  Zang, et al	Journal of Innovation and Knowledge	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Dose-response Relation Deduced for Coronaviruses from COVID-19, SARS and MERS Meta-analysis Results and its Application for Infection Risk Assessment of Aerosol Transmission	Zhang,  X,  Wang, et al	Clin Infect Dis	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	MA: he infection risk caused by aerosol transmission was significantly lower than the risk caused by close contact. It is still necessary to be precautious for the potential aerosol transmission risk in small rooms with prolonged exposure duration.
Chinese, European and Persian medicine recommendations for the prevention of pandemics (COVID-19) related to the respiratory system: A systematic review	Zhao,  Y	Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	SR:  EMBASE, Science direct, Carcinogenic Potency, PubMed, Up-to-date, Cochrane Library, Bioethics research library, and CAMEO Chemicals were searched. Chinese and European medicine approach and procedures prove to be effective and deterrent majorly during influenza-related sickness and pandemics and respiratory concerned diseases, still, meticulous research efforts are required to verify this supposition and theory.
COviD-19 case fatality rate: misapprehended calculations	Acharya,  KP,  Sah, et al	Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 and cardiac considerations in the community	A'Court,  C,  Shanmuganathan, et al	Br J Gen Pract	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Interferon lambda with remdesivir as a potential treatment option in COVID-19	Adam,  I,  Szarpak, et al	Disaster and Emergency Medicine Journal	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Pharmacy Education in the Time of COVID-19: In Chaos, There is Opportunity	Alderman,  C	Sr Care Pharm	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Thromboprophylaxis – A neglected front in hospitalised patients with COVID-19 in Pakistan	Ammad Ud Din,  M,  Vardag, et al	European Oncology and Haematology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
What can we learn from U.S. military nursing and COVID-19?	Anders,  RL	Nursing inquiry	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Sars-Cov-2: Une urgence sanitaire alimentaire et nutritive à bas bruit!	Andrès,  E,  Ghanem, et al	Medecine Therapeutique	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Une nouvelle manifestation du Sars-CoV-2: Le syndrome des pieds dans le tapis	Andrès,  E,  Pessaux, et al	Medecine Therapeutique	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Erratum regarding missing Declaration of Competing Interest statements in previously published articles (Journal of Clinical Orthopaedics and Trauma (2020) 11(S4) (S428–S430), (S0976566220302563), (10.1016/j.jcot.2020.06.023))	Anshul,  S,  Kashif, et al	Journal of Clinical Orthopaedics and Trauma	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
33064641; IoMT (Internet of Medical Things): Reducing Cost While Improving Patient Care	Arora,  S	IEEE pulse	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Overcoming bleeding events related to extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in COVID-19	Asakura,  Hidesaku,  Ogawa, et al	The Lancet Respiratory Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
PMC7547370; COVID-19: France grapples with the pragmatics of isolation	Atlani-Duault,  L,  Lina, et al	Lancet Public Health	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Implications of COVID-19 pandemic on lung cancer management: A multidisciplinary perspective	Bakhribah,  H,  Zeitouni, et al	Critical reviews in oncology/hematology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The Long Term Care Pharmacy World is Changing	Baldwin,  P	Sr Care Pharm	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
A quick glance at publications on COVID-19 and ophthalmology	Banu,  S,  Singh, et al	Indian J Ophthalmol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Multi-omics-based identification of SARS-CoV-2 infection biology and candidate drugs against COVID-19	Barh,  D,  Tiwari, et al	Computers in biology and medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32994348; Complex pandemic dynamics and effect of bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination on COVID-19 prevalence and mortality	Barillas-Mury,  C,  Escobar, et al	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Covid-19 und seine Auswirkung auf das Suchthilfesystem	Batra,  A,  Bühringer, et al	Sucht	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 Pandemic Restrictions and the Use of Technology for Pediatric Palliative Care in the Acute Care Setting	Bettini,  EA	J Hosp Palliat Nurs	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
India’s bio-war against a pandemic threat COVID-19	Beula Evangeline,  C,  Ganesh, et al	International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
PMC7373358; Influence of Asymptomatic Carriers With COVID-19 on Transplantation Resumption in Wuhan	Bian,  X,  Fan, et al	Transplantation	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
EU Health Union and State Aid Policy: With Great (er) Power Comes Great Responsibility	Biondi,  Andrea,  Stefan, et al	SSRN- Lancet prepublication	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Anticipated Effects of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Family Members Affected by Addiction	Bischof,  G,  Velleman, et al	Sucht	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Are Migraine Patients at Increased Risk for Symptomatic Coronavirus Disease 2019 Due to Shared Comorbidities?	Bolay,  H,  Özge, et al	Headache	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Digital healthcare and shifting equipoise in radiation oncology: The butterfly effect of the COVID-19 pandemic	Boon,  IS,  Lim, et al	Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32916178; Proximal tubular dysfunction in patients with COVID-19: what have we learnt so far?	Braun,  F,  Huber, et al	Kidney international	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The Mystery of MIS-C Post-SARS-CoV-2 Infection	Brodsky,  NN,  Ramaswamy, et al	Trends in microbiology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
PMC7363380; The Impact of COVID-19 on the State of Clinical and Laboratory Research Globally in Transplantation in May 2020	Bromberg,  J,  Baan, et al	Transplantation	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
33067219; Morphoproteomics Identifies the Vitamin D Receptor as a Potential Therapeutic Partner in Alveolar Pneumocytes for COVID-19 Infected Patients	Brown,  RE,  Wolf, et al	Annals of Clinical and Laboratory Science	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32916157; Appropriateness of Emergency CT Utilization During the Initial Peak of the COVID-19 Pandemic	Bruno,  MA,  McGillen, et al	Journal of the American College of Radiology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 in Wales and Liberia	Bryant,  M	Br J Gen Pract	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Preparing for the Next Pandemic: the International Health Regulations and World Health Organization during COVID-19	Burci,  Gian Luca,  Eccleston-Turner, et al	SSRN- Lancet prepublication	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Is there a role for the ACE2 receptor in SARS-CoV-2 interactions with platelets?	Campbell,  RA,  Boilard, et al	J Thromb Haemost	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
SARS-CoV-2 and the nose: Risks and implications for primary care	Campbell,  RG	Aust J Gen Pract	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The Impact of COVID-19 on Cancer Screening: Challenges and Opportunities	Cancino,  RS,  Su, et al	JMIR Cancer	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Should we establish a new normality for ophthalmic training in the COVID-19 pandemic?	Chan,  YYY,  Liu, et al	Eur J Ophthalmol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Psychological tolls of COVID-19 on industry employees	Chen,  CC	Annals of Tourism Research	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The European economic governance from monetary union to pandemic emergency	Chessa,  O	Lavoro e Diritto	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Asymptomatic health-care worker screening during the COVID-19 pandemic	Chow,  Angela,  Htun, et al	The Lancet	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Covid-19: 338 patients with the virus were discharged from Scottish hospitals to care homes	Christie,  B	Bmj	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Intensified Disinfection Amid COVID-19 Pandemic Poses Potential Risks to Water Quality and Safety	Chu,  W,  Fang, et al	Environ Sci Technol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Pancreatic injury in COVID-19: pathogenesis and challenges	Cienfuegos,  JA,  Almeida Vargas, et al	Rev Esp Enferm Dig	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Building an architecture career amid COVID-19	Cimino,  S	Architect	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Trauma management during and after COVID-19	Coccolini,  F,  Catena, et al	Journal of Endovascular Resuscitation and Trauma Management	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Tech-imprisonment in post.millennials: A boon or bane in the COVID-19 era?	Coutinho,  KL,  Shirodkar, et al	Indian J Ophthalmol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
How an immunologist pivoted to tackle COVID-19	Couzin-Frankel,  J	Science	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Primary care of children and young people with asthma during the COVID-19 era	Creese,  H,  Taylor-Robinson, et al	Br J Gen Pract	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Support U.S. research during COVID-19	Crow,  MM,  Alger, et al	Science	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Use simulation to improve the effectiveness of PPE in COVID-19	Dabrowski,  M,  Steliga, et al	Disaster and Emergency Medicine Journal	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Corticosteroids in severe COVID-19: a critical view of the evidence	De Backer,  D,  Azoulay, et al	Crit Care	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
[Position paper of the Austrian Alzheimer Association (Österreichische Alzheimer Gesellschaft, ÖAG) : Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic in Austria on people with dementia and their care environment-problem areas, recommendations, and strategies]	Defrancesco,  M,  Bancher, et al	Neuropsychiatr	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Multi-centre study showed reduced compliance with the World Health Organization recommendations on exclusive breastfeeding during COVID-19	Del Río,  R,  Dip Pérez, et al	Acta Paediatr	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Development of a Patient-Centered Framework for Oncology Clinicians to Address Uncertainty in Cancer Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic	Dhawan,  N,  Prommer, et al	Curr Treat Options Oncol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Coronary Artery Calcification and Complications in Patients With COVID-19	Dillinger,  JG,  Benmessaoud, et al	JACC: Cardiovascular Imaging	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32887703; COVID-19 and children with diabetesdupdates, unknowns, and next steps: First, do no extrapolation	Dimeglio,  LA,  Albanese-O’neill, et al	Diabetes care	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Clinical medical education: Cardiothoracic surgery in the era of COVID-19	Dong,  A,  Simpson, et al	J Card Surg	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Analysis of the distribution of COVID-19 in Italy using clustering algorithms	Doroshenko,  A		Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 and diabetes	Down,  S	Journal of Diabetes Nursing	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Crisis of Wellbeing and Popular Uprising: The Logic of Care as a Path to Social Emancipation in Chile	Dragnic,  M	Journal of Latin American Cultural Studies	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Developing patient information and clinician education resources for venous thromboembolism in a physiotherapy department in response to the COVID-19 pandemic	Drake,  C,  Hicks, et al	International Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Adaptations to jail-based buprenorphine treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic	Duncan,  A,  Sanders, et al	Journal of substance abuse treatment	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
An Examination of The Romanian Prison System During The COVID-19 pandemic. Are “Zero Cases” Possible?	Durnescu,  I,  Morar, et al	Victims and Offenders	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Going "cell Free" Can Put a Rush on COVID-19 Antibody Therapies	Dutton,  G	Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology News	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Covid-19: Leaked documents suggest that VIPs and government contacts won PPE deals after special treatment	Dyer,  C	Bmj	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Covid-19: Mexico acknowledges 50 000 more deaths than official figures show	Dyer,  O	Bmj	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Impact of COVID-19 on Residency Training	Early,  NK,  Gerber, et al	Sr Care Pharm	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The Procurement of a COVID-19 Vaccine in Developing Countries: Lessons from the 2009-H1N1 Pandemic	Eccleston-Turner,  Mark	SSRN- Lancet prepublication	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Pharmacy Education in Malaysia and Indonesia	Efendie,  B,  Abdullah, et al	Sr Care Pharm	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The intersection of viral illnesses: A seasonal influenza epidemic amidst the COVID-19 pandemic	Ehrlich,  H,  Boneva, et al	Annals of Medicine and Surgery	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
33022291; How should a positive PCR test result for COVID-19 in an asymptomatic individual be interpreted and managed?	Esteve,  C,  Catherine, et al	Medecine et Maladies Infectieuses	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
History of Pandemics in the Twentieth and Twenty-First Century	Falode,  Adewunmi James,  Bolarinwa, et al	SSRN- Lancet prepublication	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Werden wir von Virologen regiert? Über Wissenschaftsfeindlichkeit und Wissenschaftsgläubigkeit in Zeiten von Covid-19	Feige,  DM	Philosophische Rundschau	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Asymptomatic health-care worker screening during the COVID-19 pandemic	Fennelly,  Kevin,  Whalen, et al	The Lancet	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Coronavirus and other airborne agents with pandemic potential	Fernandez-Montero,  J,  Soriano, et al	Current Opinion in Environmental Science and Health	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Management of SARS-CoV-2 infection: recommendations of the Polish Association of Epidemiologists and Infectiologists. Annex no. 2 as of October 13, 2020	Flisiak,  R,  Parczewski, et al	Pol Arch Intern Med	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Spatial fixes and switching crises in the times of COVID-19: implications for commodity-producing economies in Latin America	Franz,  T	Canadian Journal of Development Studies	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Experiential Education in the Time of COVID-19: An Australian Experience	Furletti,  SG,  Wiseman, et al	Sr Care Pharm	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Acceptance of a COVID-19 vaccine: A multifactorial consideration	García,  LY,  Cerda, et al	Vaccine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
To Treat or Not to Treat-Balancing Benefits and Risks of Treatment Delay Among Patients With Cancer During the COVID-19 Pandemic	Garrett-Mayer,  E,  Rini, et al	JAMA Oncol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Considerations on the restriction of Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) due to COVID-19	Gemmell,  LC,  Williams, et al	Seminars in perinatology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Cases and etiologies of suspected COVID-19 reactivation	Ghali,  A,  Rico-Mesa, et al	Qatar Medical Journal	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Is it essential to perform COVID-19 testing prior to ophthalmic procedures?	Goel,  R,  Arora, et al	Indian J Ophthalmol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
PMC7445468; Challenges in Management of Patients With Lung Cancer in Times of COVID-19: An Imaging Perspective	Gorospe,  L,  Ayala-Carbonero, et al	Clin Lung Cancer	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Host or pathogen-related factors in COVID-19 severity?	Gortázar,  Christian,  del-Río, et al	The Lancet	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
"Cultivating" acceptance of a COVID-19 vaccination program: Lessons from Italy	Graffigna,  G,  Palamenghi, et al	Vaccine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
PMC7572320; Preparing for outbreaks - Implications for resilient water utility operations and services	Gude,  VG,  Muire, et al	Sustain Cities Soc	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Post-graduate exams amidst COVID-19 pandemic: Our experience	Gupta,  VS,  Kapur, et al	Indian J Ophthalmol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Cucurbitacin: As a candidate against cytokine storm in severe COVID-19 infection	Hande,  A,  Agrawal, et al	International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Responding to unforeseen disasters in a large health system	Hannan,  RJ,  Lundholm, et al	Am J Health Syst Pharm	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Relapse rate of nephrotic syndrome in the time of COVID-19	Harambat,  J,  Allard, et al	Pediatr Nephrol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 Shines a Spotlight on the Age-Old Problem of Social Isolation	Harden,  K,  Price, et al	J Hosp Palliat Nurs	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Ebselen, a new candidate therapeutic against SARS-CoV-2	Haritha,  CV,  Sharun, et al	International Journal of Surgery	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Recommendation on Gambling Advertising during the Corona Pandemic	Hayer,  T,  Füchtenschnieder, et al	Sucht	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Opportunities of frugality in the post-corona era	Herstatt,  C,  Tiwari, et al	International Journal of Technology Management	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Parenthood as a driver of increased gender inequality during COVID-19? Exploratory evidence from Germany	Hipp,  L,  Bünning, et al	European Societies	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Rapidly scaling video visits during COVID-19: The ethos of virtual care at Yale Medicine	Hoffman,  PE,  London, et al	Healthcare	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The Low Case Fatality Rate of COVID-19 in Hong Kong Could Be Deceptive	Hoffmann,  C,  Wolf, et al	Clin Infect Dis	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Slovakia to test all adults for SARS-CoV-2	Holt,  Ed	The Lancet	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Offline: COVID-19—a crisis of power	Horton,  Richard	The Lancet	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Application of SalesForce Platform in Online Teaching in Colleges and Universities under Epidemic Situation	Hu,  J,  Zhang, et al		Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Challenges Facing the Chinese Health Care System	Hu,  K	Asia Pac J Public Health	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Plastic physicians: The surgical salamanders of the COVID-19 pandemic	Hughes,  BA,  Hassan, et al	Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Covid-19: Sidelining GPs in pandemic response was "a disaster," says global health leader	Iacobucci,  G	Bmj	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
New polio vaccine poised to get emergency WHO approval	Irwin,  A	Nature	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
OR-methods for coping with the ripple effect in supply chains during COVID-19 pandemic: Managerial insights and research implications	Ivanov,  D,  Dolgui, et al	International Journal of Production Economics	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Acute respiratory failure and mechanical ventilation in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic: why a special issue in ICM?	Jaber,  S,  Citerio, et al	Intensive Care Med	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
PMC7505549; Building resilient societies after COVID-19: the case for investing in maternal, neonatal, and child health	Jacob,  CM,  Briana, et al	Lancet Public Health	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID Care Clinic: A Unique Way for Family Medicine to Care for the Community During the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Pandemic	Jacobson,  NA,  Nagaraju, et al	Journal of Primary Care and Community Health	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Water rights in India: economic good, fundamental rights, or human rights?	Jain,  A,  Lilienthal, et al	Commonwealth Law Bulletin	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Nursing Homes' Next Test-Vaccinating Workers Against COVID-19	Jaklevic,  MC	Jama	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Impact of Pandemic on Women Engaged in Bar Dances and Sex Work: A Case of Nat Community in Rajasthan	Jangir,  HP,  RajNat, et al	Social Work with Groups	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Ischaemic strokes associated with COVID-19: is there a specific pattern?	Januel,  E,  Bottin, et al	J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Commentary: Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on digital eye strain in children	Jayadev,  C,  Sarbajna, et al	Indian J Ophthalmol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Myocarditis, paraparesia and ARDS associated to COVID-19 infection	Jeantin,  L,  Pichereau, et al	Heart and Lung	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
33067221; Defining the Cytokine Storm Syndrome of COVID-19: Role of the Clinical Laboratory	Jialal,  I,  Devaraj, et al	Annals of Clinical and Laboratory Science	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Spread of COVID-19 by asymptomatic cases: evidence from military quarantine facilities	Joshi,  RK,  Ray, et al	BMJ Mil Health	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 Minisymposium: Toward a Strategic Roadmap	Kahan,  BD	Transplantation proceedings	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Opinion: For now, it's unethical to use human challenge studies for SARS-CoV-2 vaccine development	Kahn,  JP,  Henry, et al	Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19-Associated Hospitalizations Among Health Care Personnel - COVID-NET, 13 States, March 1-May 31, 2020	Kambhampati,  AK,  O'Halloran, et al	MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Cancer Patients and Oncology Clinical Practice in COVID-19 Pandemic	Karamitrousis,  E,  Liontos, et al	Forum of Clinical Oncology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 and Academic Pharmacy: Navigating Uncharted Territory	Karaoui,  LR,  Chahine, et al	Sr Care Pharm	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19: Pandemic, people and panacea	Katkar,  A,  Naqvi, et al	International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Three-dimensional heads up display in anterior segment surgeries- Expanding frontiers in the COVID-19 era	Kaur,  M,  Titiyal, et al	Indian J Ophthalmol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Demands for Protection against SARS-CoV-2 in Prisons	Keppler,  K,  Stöver, et al	Sucht	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Safe Slit-lamp Shield: Maintaining a balance between ergonomics and safety	Khadia,  A,  Nachiappan, et al	Indian J Ophthalmol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Perfect storm: a rheumatologist's point of view on COVID-19 infection	Kobak,  S	Curr Rheumatol Rev	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Racial disparities in medication use: imperatives for managed care pharmacy	Kogut,  SJ	J Manag Care Spec Pharm	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Monte Carlo Simulations to Democratize COVID-19 Policies	Kolker,  E	Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology News	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Are patients with lung cystic fibrosis at increased risk of severe and fatal COVID-19? Interleukin 6 as a predictor of COVID-19 outcomes. Authors' reply	Kosmaczewska,  A,  Frydecka, et al	Pol Arch Intern Med	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
What to Consider When Choosing a SARS-CoV-2 Detection Assay	Kothandaraman,  A	Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology News	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
UAS (drone) in Response to Coronavirus	Kramar,  V		Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The Social and Environmental Implications of the Novel Coronavirus on Institutional and Community Corrections in South Africa	Kras,  KR,  Fitz, et al	Victims and Offenders	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 and digital deprivation in Poland	Kuc-Czarnecka,  M	Oeconomia Copernicana	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Targeting complement activation in COVID-19	Kulkarni,  HS,  Atkinson, et al	Blood	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Commentary: Four in one: Four recipients with a single donor tissue - A novel concept for eye transplantation surgery post-COVID-19	Kulkarni,  U	Indian J Ophthalmol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
A guide to student-active online learning in engineering	Kyrkjebø,  E	Modeling, Identification and Control	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Cardiac Injury in COVID-19-Echoing Prognostication	Lavie,  CJ,  Sanchis-Gomar, et al	J Am Coll Cardiol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Adoption of Strategies to Mitigate Transmission of COVID-19 During a Statewide Primary Election - Delaware, September 2020	Leidman,  E,  Hall, et al	MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
33038310; The role of the critical care pharmacist during the COVID-19 pandemic	Lemtiri,  J,  Matusik, et al	Annales Pharmaceutiques Francaises	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
La biothérapie tocilizumab ou le nouveau défi du traitement de la Covid-19	Letonturier,  D	Medecine Therapeutique	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Bloqueurs du système rénine-angiotensinealdostérone et Covid-19: Stop aux appréhensions médicale et médiatique	Letonturier,  D	Medecine Therapeutique	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Macrolides et Covid-19 ou l'hypothèse d'un potentiel virucide d'une famille d'antibiotiques qui reste rigoureusement à démontrer	Letonturier,  D	Medecine Therapeutique	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Timely access to trial data in the context of a pandemic: the time is now	Li,  R,  Wood, et al	BMJ Open	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
On the role of moderators on children's sleep health in response to COVID-19	Lionetti,  F,  Fasolo, et al	J Clin Sleep Med	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Stock market reaction to COVID-19: Evidence in customer goods sector with the implication for open innovation	Machmuddah,  Z,  Utomo, et al	Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Dexamethasone in hospitalised patients with COVID-19: addressing uncertainties	Matthay,  MichaelA,  Thompson, et al	The Lancet Respiratory Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Thromboembolism and the Pandemic	McBane,  RD,  2	J Am Coll Cardiol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Virtual Criminal Justice and Good Governance during Covid-19	McCann,  A	European Journal of Comparative Law and Governance	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Non-COVID area of a tertiary care hospital: A major source of nosocomial COVID-19 transmission	Meena,  M,  Singh, et al	Journal of Family and Community Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
33064710; CLINICAL AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PATIENTS DIAGNOSED WITH COVID-19 IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTER IN MEXICO CITY: A PROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY	Mendez-Probst,  C,  Velazquez-Fernandez, et al	Revista de investigacion clinica; organo del Hospital de Enfermedades de la Nutricion	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
33064642; New, At-Home Antibody Test for Detecting, Tracking COVID-19	Mertz,  L	IEEE pulse	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The Article "Demonstration and Mitigation of Aerosol and Particle Dispersion during Mastoidectomy Relevant to the Covid-19 Era" by Chen JX, ET AL. [Epub Ahead of Print] Refers	Merven,  M,  Loock, et al	Otol Neurotol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Techno-solutionism and the standard human in the making of the COVID-19 pandemic	Milan,  S	Big Data and Society	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32833494; White Counties Stand Apart: The Primacy of Residential Segregation in COVID-19 and HIV Diagnoses	Millett,  GA,  Honermann, et al	AIDS Patient Care and STDs	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 reminds us strongly of the necessity of physical activity: Step on!	Moen,  MH	British journal of sports medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
CoviD-19: Emerging challenges in maintaining physical function in patients who have had haematopoietic cell transplants	Mohammed,  J,  Gonzales, et al	International Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The effects of aging on host resistance and disease tolerance to SARS-CoV-2 infection	Mok,  DZL,  Chan, et al	Febs j	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Protection at the Frontlines: Rapid Organization and Delivery of COVID-19 Personal Protective Equipment Training	Moore,  M	J Nurses Prof Dev	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Are Viruses Evil?	Moritz,  JM	Theology and Science	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The role of forensic pathology in the COVID-19 pandemic in Zambia	Mucheleng'anga,  L,  Himwaze, et al	Forensic Science International: Reports	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The sports world in the era of COVID-19	Nauright,  J,  Zipp, et al	Sport in Society	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
PMC7591143; Gearing up to tackle mental health issues in the post-COVID-19 world	Nayar,  N,  Joseph, et al	Open J Psychiatry Allied Sci	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Considerations for development of pharmacy support models for COVID-19 alternate care sites	Nelsen,  G,  Pigott, et al	American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Delays to Low-Risk Thyroid Cancer Treatment During COVID-19-Refocusing From What Has Been Lost to What May Be Learned and Gained	Nickel,  B,  Glover, et al	JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
SARS-CoV-2 will continue to circulate in the human population: no worries with state-of-the-art research and dependably useful results	Oberemok,  VV,  Laikova, et al	Inflamm Res	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Impact of COVID-19 on Human Trafficking in Uganda	Offia,  Favour	SSRN- Lancet prepublication	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
PMC7576378; An exploratory assessment of a multidimensional healthcare and economic data on COVID-19 in Nigeria	Ogundepo,  E,  Folorunso, et al	Data Brief	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Host or pathogen-related factors in COVID-19 severity? – Authors' reply	Okell,  LucyC,  Verity, et al	The Lancet	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Informatics X-Men Evolution to Combat COVID-19	Padden,  JS	Nurse Leader	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Palliative Care for People With COVID-19-Related Symptoms	Paice,  JA,  Dahlin, et al	J Hosp Palliat Nurs	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Post COVID-19 potentials and innovation: The future supply chain	Pasuluri,  BS,  Anuradha, et al	International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Use of corticosteroids in SARS-CoV-2 infection: foe, or can they become a friend?	Patoulias,  D,  Papadopoulos, et al	Pol Arch Intern Med	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Use of corticosteroids in SARS-CoV-2 infection: foe, or can they become a friend? Authors' reply	Pei,  L,  Zhang, et al	Pol Arch Intern Med	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Biodiversity loss and COVID-19 pandemic: The role of bats in the origin and the spreading of the disease	Platto,  S,  Zhou, et al	Biochemical and biophysical research communications	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Organ procurement and transplantation in Germany during the COVID-19 pandemic	Qu,  Zhi,  Oedingen, et al	The Lancet	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Commentary: Eye banking during COVID-19 pandemic	Radhakrishnan,  N,  Prajna, et al	Indian J Ophthalmol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Multiple infectious cranial nerve palsies in COVID-19	Raharimanantsoa,  OL,  Razakarivony, et al	Journal francais d'ophtalmologie	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
SARS-CoV-2 in the Amazon region: A harbinger of doom for Amerindians	Ramírez,  JD,  Sordillo, et al	PLoS Negl Trop Dis	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32979569; Understanding the role of bacterial and fungal infection in COVID-19	Rawson,  TM,  Wilson, et al	Clinical Microbiology and Infection	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Transplant programmes in areas with high SARS-CoV-2 transmission	Reddy,  Srikanth,  Dumbill, et al	The Lancet	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 in the IBD population: The need for correct nomenclature	Rezazadeh Ardabili,  A,  Creemers, et al	J Crohns Colitis	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVerAGE-DB: A database of age-structured COVID-19 cases and deaths	Riffe,  Tim,  Acosta, et al	medRxiv	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Not Remembering History, Dooms Us to Repeat It: Using the Lessons of the Global HIV Response to Address COVID-19	Rotheram-Borus,  M,  Tomlinson, et al	AIDS Behav	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The COVID-19 Pandemic and Behavioral Addiction-New Challenges for Structural and Behavioral Prevention	Rumpf,  HJ,  Brand, et al	Sucht	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 lethality: Lethality instead of mortality	Runne,  U	Deutsches Arzteblatt International	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Social distancing due to the COVID-19 pandemic: Effects of non-urgent emergency department visits	Saban,  M,  Shachar, et al	Disaster and Emergency Medicine Journal	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Overcoming bleeding events related to extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in COVID-19 – Authors' reply	Schmidt,  Matthieu,  Chommeloux, et al	The Lancet Respiratory Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Hydroxychloroquine in patients with rheumatic diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic: a letter to clinicians	Schreiber,  Karen,  Sciascia, et al	The Lancet Rheumatology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Editor's Comment on COVID-19 and Psychiatry Education	Schwartz,  AC	Acad Psychiatry	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19: a magnifying glass for gender inequalities in medical research	Sebo,  P,  Oertelt-Prigione, et al	Br J Gen Pract	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 and ECMO: An Unhappy Marriage of Endothelial Dysfunction and Hemostatic Derangements	Seelhammer,  TG,  Plack, et al	Journal of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
How Crisis Reveals the Structures of Practices	Seidl,  D,  Whittington, et al	Journal of Management Studies	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 myocarditis and prospective heart failure burden	Shchedrygina,  A,  Nagel, et al	Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
MR Imaging of the Olfactory Bulbs in Patients with COVID-19 and Anosmia: How to Avoid Misinterpretation	Shor,  N,  Chougar, et al	AJNR Am J Neuroradiol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Heme oxygenase-1 modulation: A potential therapeutic target for COVID-19 and associated complications	Singh,  D,  Wasan, et al	Free Radical Biology and Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Acceptance of donor bodies and their embalming during COVID-19 Period: A challenge to anatomists	Singh,  V,  Pakhiddey, et al	Journal of the Anatomical Society of India	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Ethical and organizational dilemmas related to the treatment of COVID-19 patients	Smereka,  J,  Szarpak, et al	Disaster and Emergency Medicine Journal	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Sickle cell individuals are less vulnerable for corona virus disease 2019-an enigma	Sonone,  A,  Hande, et al	International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
An epitome of the healthcare system in underdeveloped countries concern with COVID-19	Sruthi,  N,  Kuppuswamy, et al	International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19: mobilising CT as a frontline management tool	Syed,  I,  Khan, et al	Br J Radiol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
PMC7363383; COVID-19 and Abdominal Transplant: A Stepwise Approach to Practice During Pandemic Conditions	Syed,  SM,  Gardner, et al	Transplantation	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 transmission—up in the air	The Lancet Respiratory,  Medicine	The Lancet Respiratory Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Austerity policies: Pain without glory	Tovar,  JA	Lavoro e Diritto	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Supporting Clinical Decision-Making during the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic through a Global Research Commitment: The TERAVOLT Experience	Trama,  A,  Proto, et al	Cancer Cell	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Asymptomatic health-care worker screening during the COVID-19 pandemic – Authors' reply	Treibel,  ThomasA,  Manisty, et al	The Lancet	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Vaccines as remedy for antimicrobial resistance and emerging infections	Troisi,  M,  Andreano, et al	Current opinion in immunology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Impact of aerosol box use on orotracheal intubation times in children	Trujillo,  A,  Arango, et al	Paediatr Anaesth	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Your country is your routine: The evacuation, quarantine, and management of behavioral problems of a child with autism during COVID-19 pandemic	Turan,  B,  Kocarslan, et al	Dusunen Adam	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Nurses confronting the coronavirus: Challenges met and lessons learned to date	Ulrich,  CM,  Rushton, et al	Nursing outlook	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Farmworkers-Always Essential, Always at Risk: An Interview With Jeannie Economos	Unseld,  M	New Solut	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Traditional chinese medicine and COVID-19: should emergency practitioners use it?	Varon,  A,  Varon, et al	American Journal of Emergency Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Cultural heritage and social experiences in the times of COVID 19	Vayanou,  M,  Chrysanthi, et al		Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Ambivalence, control, support. Caring for the elderly patient at a “good enough” distance	Verdon,  B,  Racin, et al	Evolution Psychiatrique	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Observations on central banks in the center and the periphery: Secular stagnation and external constraints	Vernengo,  M	Problemas del Desarrollo	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Clinical care of pregnant and postpartum women with COVID-19: Living recommendations from the National COVID-19 Clinical Evidence Taskforce	Vogel,  JP,  Tendal, et al	Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The Evidence Base for Scribes and the Disruptions of COVID-19	Walker,  K,  Heaton, et al	Annals of Emergency Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32991966; Hospital Visitation Policies During the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic	Weiner,  HS,  Firn, et al	American Journal of Infection Control	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Populist Nationalism Threatens Health and Human Rights in the COVID-19 Response	Williams,  CR,  Kestenbaum, et al	Am J Public Health	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Diverse Responses of the Biobanks in Indo-Pacific Rim Region During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Case Scenarios from Two Low- and Middle-Income Countries and Two High-Income Countries in the Indo-Pacific Rim Region	Yadav,  BK,  Ng, et al	Biopreserv Biobank	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Prophylactic and Therapeutic Topical Povidone-Iodine in COVID-19: What is the Evidence?	Yan,  CH,  Bleier, et al	Int Forum Allergy Rhinol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
33064639; Rural Health Care for Coronavirus Requires Collaboration, Creativity	Yan,  W	IEEE pulse	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
China law update from sars to COVID-19: Balance of China's criminal law system	Yirong,  S	Tsinghua China Law Review	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
PMC7314330; Position Statement of Transplant Activity in the Middle East in Era of COVID-19 Pandemic	Zidan,  A,  Alabbad, et al	Transplantation	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Targeting sedentary behavior as a feasible health strategy during COVID-19	Zieff,  G,  Bates, et al	Transl Behav Med	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Cancer Research	Zon,  L,  Gomes, et al	Cancer Cell	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Reply to the Letter to the Editor “Androgen deprivation therapy may constitute a more effective prophylactic than therapeutic strategy in COVID-19 patients” by N. Bennani and I. M. Bennani-Baiti	Zumerle,  S,  Montopoli, et al	Annals of Oncology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19: How to switch from twice-daily to once-daily Basal insulin		Journal of Diabetes Nursing	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Retraction: Mental health burden for the public affected by the COVID-19 outbreak in China: Who will be the high-risk group? (Psychology, Health & Medicine, (2020), 10.1080/13548506.2020.1754438)		Psychology, Health and Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
AVI2CH 2020 - Proceedings of the AVI2CH Workshop on Advanced Visual Interfaces and Interactions in Cultural Heritage, co-located with 2020 International Conference on Advanced Visual Interfaces, AVI 2020			Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The consequences of pandemic-driven inequality		Economic Outlook	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

Appendix: Process and definitions. 

A daily search for new publications is conducted in PubMed, Scopus, BioRxiv and MedRxiv, SSRN, Research Square, arXiv for all publications related to COVID-19 disease or SARS-CoV-2 using the search terms (COVID-19 OR SARS-CoV-2 OR "novel CoV" OR "novel coronavirus" OR nCoV) adapted to each database.  The capture is cross-referenced with publication announcements on the COVID-19 dashboards set up by a number of publishers and google.  Publishers include Lancet, Elsevier, The New England Journal of Medicine, BMJ, Wiley, Springer Nature, ChinaCDCweekly. Additionally the database is cross-referenced with other literature scans and activities by collaborators.  Members of the Emerging Sciences group examine and shorten the abstract or develop 1 -2 point summaries of each publication. Please email Lisa Waddell for additional information: Lisa.Waddell@canada.ca.  References are compiled in a reworks database that has citations since the beginning of the outbreak.  All references can be accessed at this link and by the categories listed below.  The daily scan has also been compiled in an excel sheet and copies can be provided upon request or accessed here.

Category Definitions:

Modelling/ prediction: Predictive modeling is a process that uses data mining and probability to forecast outcomes. Each model is made up of a number of predictors, which are variables that are likely to influence future results.

Epidemiology: the branch of medicine which deals with the incidence, distribution, and possible control of diseases and other factors relating to health. Includes Ro, attack rates, case number doubling time, case fatality rate, serial interval, clinical attack rate, asymptomatic fraction, proportion of asymptomatic and infective*

Transmission: The passage of a pathogen causing communicable disease from an infected host to an uninfected host via direct or indirect routes.

Clinical data of cases: Includes clinical parameters such as incubation period, latent period, period of communicability, duration of illness, duration of hospitalization, host risk factors, as well as clinical profiles of patients; presenting symptoms, symptoms over course of illness, comorbidities.*  

Long-term Sequelae: Data or Studies that describe the long-term effects of COVID-19 from lingering symptoms to severe conditions that persiste after acute infection has resolved.

Mental Health: All studies on mental health impacts or consequences of the pandemic for both general population and healthcare workers. 

Surveillance: Public health surveillance is the continuous, systematic collection, analysis and interpretation of health-related data.  Surveillance data will likely be number of cases suspected/confirmed, number of deaths, number recovered. *

Coronavirology: All research relating to the virus; its characteristics, genetic make-up, phylogenetic analyses

Diagnostics / Pathogen detection:  All studies on identification of the virus; culture, PCR, antibody/antigen tests etc.

Therapeutics: Studies of substances that may be used to treat infected hosts including passive immunization products.

Vaccine Research:  Studies of vaccine candidates to prevent infection with 2019-nCoV including clinical trials.

Public Health Priorities: These citations will focus on what the current research priorities are and/or where knowledge gaps exist.

Public Health interventions*: Any study evaluating how effective a public health intervention is or maybe (in the case of a predictive model).

Public Health response: Articles in this category include: COVID-19 AND substance abuse, domestic violence, social media analysis, adherence to public health measures and knowledge, attitudes and beliefs studies related to the pandemic.

Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI): Any research on the effectiveness of IPC interventions should also be tagged as IPC

Health care Response: This foci would include a description of activities to deal with 2019-nCoV cases including, but not limited to:  set up of a special emergency multi-disciplinary intensive care team; Bed and medical equipment preparation/ stock piling supplies; Education and training of staff; Early case recognition and classification of disease severity.

Economics: papers discussing/ forecasting the economics of COVID-19 pandemic.

Immunology: the study of the immune system and includes serology studies in conjunction with other foci (e.g. epidemiology or diagnostics)

Animal Model: An animal model is a living, non-human, often genetic-engineered animal used during the research and investigation of human disease, for the purpose of better understanding the disease process without the added risk of harming an actual human.

Zoonotic: all literature discussing the transmission to and from or occurrence of naturally acquired SARS-COV-2 infection in animals.

Review Literature:  All articles that summarize the published literature can be tagged as a review.  This includes systematic review, meta-analysis, scoping review, overviews, umbrella reviews*

Commentary/Editorial: For commentaries, editorials, letters to the editor, other types of opinion pieces where there is no new data collected by the author or analysis conducted by the author, please tag these within the commentary category.

News articles that have not scientific information.

*Lists are not exhaustive

Annexe: Processus et définitions. 

Une recherche quotidienne des nouvelles publications est effectuée dans PubMed, Scopus, BioRxiv and MedRxiv, SSRN, Research Square, arXiv pour toutes les publications relatives à la maladie COVID-19 ou au SRAS-CoV-2 en utilisant les termes de recherche (COVID-19 OU SARS-CoV-2 OU « novel CoV » OU « novel coronavirus » OU nCoV).  La saisie renvoie à des annonces de publication sur les tableaux de bord du nCoV mis en place par un certain nombre d'éditeurs et par Google.  Parmi les éditeurs figurent Lancet, Elsevier, The New England Journal of Medicine, BMJ, Wiley, Springer Nature, ChinaCDCweekly.  En outre, la base de données renvoie à d'autres survols de publications, et à des activités des collaborateurs.  Les membres du groupe scientifique émergent préparent des résumés en 1 ou 2 points de chaque publication. Pour en savoir plus, veuillez envoyer un courriel à Lisa Waddell au : Lisa.Waddell@canada.ca.  Les références sont compilées dans une base de données Refworks qui contient des citations depuis le début de l'épidémie.  Toutes les références sont accessibles à partir de ce lien et par les catégories énumérées ci-dessous. L'analyse quotidienne a également été compilée dans une feuille Excel et des copies peuvent être fournies sur demande ou consultées ici.

Définitions des catégories :

Modélisation / prédiction : La modélisation prédictive est un processus qui utilise l'exploration de données et la probabilité pour prévoir les résultats. Chaque modèle est composé de plusieurs prédicteurs, qui sont des variables susceptibles d'influencer les résultats futurs.

Épidémiologie : Branche de la médecine qui traite de l'incidence, de la répartition et du contrôle éventuel des maladies et d'autres facteurs liés à la santé. Comprend le taux de reproduction de base (Ro), les taux d'attaque, le temps de doublement du nombre de cas, le taux de létalité, l'intervalle sériel, le taux d'attaque clinique, la fraction asymptomatique, la proportion de cas asymptomatiques et infectieux*.

Transmission : Passage d'un agent pathogène causant une maladie transmissible d'un hôte infecté à un hôte non infecté par des voies directes ou indirectes.

Données cliniques des cas : Comprend les paramètres cliniques tels que la période d'incubation, la période de latence, la période de contagiosité, la durée de la maladie, la durée de l'hospitalisation, les facteurs de risque de l'hôte, ainsi que les profils cliniques des patients; les symptômes présentés, les symptômes au cours de la maladie, les séquelles, les comorbidités.* 

Séquelles à long terme: Données ou études décrivant les effets à long terme du COVID-19, des symptômes persistants aux affections graves qui persistent après la résolution de l'infection aiguë.

Santé mentale: Toutes les études sur les impacts ou les conséquences de la pandémie sur la santé mentale tant pour la population générale que pour les travailleurs de la santé.

Surveillance : La surveillance de la santé publique est la collecte, l'analyse et l'interprétation continues et systématiques de données relatives à la santé.  Les données de surveillance concerneront probablement le nombre de cas suspects / confirmés, le nombre de décès, le nombre de personnes guéries. *

Coronavirologie : Toutes les recherches relatives au virus, ses caractéristiques, sa constitution génétique et les analyses phylogénétiques.

Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes : Toutes les études sur l'identification du virus : culture, PCR, tests de dépistage d'anticorps ou d’antigènes, etc.

Thérapeutique : Étude des substances pouvant être utilisées pour traiter les hôtes infectés, y compris les produits d'immunisation passive.

Recherche sur les vaccins : Études des candidats à la vaccination pour prévenir l'infection par le 2019-nCoV, y compris des essais cliniques.

Priorités de santé publique : Ces citations porteront sur les priorités actuelles de recherche et/ou sur les lacunes dans les connaissances.

Interventions de santé publique* : Toute étude évaluant l'efficacité (réelle ou possible) d'une intervention de santé publique (dans le cas d'un modèle prédictif).

Réponse de la santé publique : Les articles de cette catégorie comprennent: COVID-19 ET toxicomanie, violence domestique, analyse des médias sociaux, respect des mesures de santé publique et études sur les connaissances, les attitudes et les croyances liées à la pandémie.

Prévention et contrôle des infections/Infection Prevention and Control (PCI/IPAC) : Les recherches sur l'efficacité des interventions en PCI doivent également être marquées comme PCI.

Réponse des soins de santé : Ce point comprendrait une description des activités pour traiter les cas de 2019-nCoV, notamment :  mise en place d'une équipe multidisciplinaire spéciale de soins intensifs d'urgence; préparation des lits et des équipements médicaux / stockage des fournitures; sensibilisation et formation du personnel; reconnaissance précoce des cas et classification de la gravité de la maladie.

Immunologie : l'étude du système immunitaire et comprend des études sérologiques en conjonction avec d'autres foyers (p. ex. épidémiologie ou diagnostic)

Modèle animal: Un modèle animal est un animal vivant, non humain, souvent génétiquement modifié, utilisé lors de la recherche et de l'investigation des maladies humaines, dans le but de mieux comprendre le processus de la maladie sans risque supplémentaire de nuire à un humain réel.

Zoonotic: all literature discussing the transmission to and from or occurrence of naturally acquired SARS-COV-2 infection in animals.

Économie: documents discutant / prévoyant l'économie de la pandémie de COVID-19

Revue de la documentation :  Tous les articles qui résument les documents publiés peuvent être marqués comme une revue.  Cela comprend les revues systématiques, les méta-analyses, les études de la portée, les aperçus, les examens généraux*.

Commentaires/Éditorial : Pour les commentaires, éditoriaux, lettres à la rédaction, autres types d'articles d'opinion pour lesquels aucune nouvelle donnée n'est collectée ou aucune analyse n'est effectuée par l'auteur, veuillez les marquer dans la catégorie des commentaires.

journaux Articles de presse qui n'ont pas d'informations scientifiques.

* Les listes ne sont pas exhaustives