From: Ayache, Dima (PHAC/ASPC) <dima.ayache@canada.ca>
Sent: 2020-10-16 12:58 PM
Subject: Daily Scan of COVID-19 Scientific Publications / survol journalier des publications scientifiques du COVID-19, 2020-10-16
Good afternoon,
There are 368 citations in today’s scan. 210 were considered primary research or review literature.
Highlights today include:
PUBLIC HEALTH INTERVENTION
·
Keeling et al. Authors discuss how non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) have played a role in the prevalence
of COVID-19 in the UK. Controlling any rise in infection is a compromise between public health and societal costs, with more stringent NPIs reducing cases but damaging the economy and restricting freedoms.
·
Sruthi, et al.
develop a systematic relation between the degrees of NPIs implemented by the 26 cantons in Switzerland during March 9 to September 13 and their respective contributions to the Rt. Although causal relations are not guaranteed by the model framework, it
nevertheless provides a fine-grained justification for the relative merits of choice and the degree of the NPIs and a data-driven strategy for mitigating Rt.
·
Vlachos, et al.
connect all students and teachers in Sweden to their families and study the impact of moving to online instruction on the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19. We find that among parents, exposure to open rather than closed schools resulted in a small
increase in PCR-confirmed infections. The results for parents indicate that keeping lower secondary schools open had minor consequences for the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in society. The results for teachers suggest that measures to protect teachers could
be considered.
IPAC
·
Arokiaraj et al analyze recent influenza vaccination data
of 34 countries from OECD and other publications then correlate them with COVID-19 mortality from worldometer data. They found that there is a correlation between COVID-19-related mortality, morbidity, and case incidence and the status of influenza vaccination,
which appears protective. Influenza (H1N1) vaccination can be used as an interim measure to mitigate the severity of COVID-19 in the general population.
TRANSMISSION
·
Somsen et al
(preprint) investigate the role of aerosols in the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in public spaces using a handheld particle counter. Aerosol concentrations are approximately 20 to more than a 100 times lower in all ventilated public spaces compared to the
poorly ventilated restroom. The characteristic times for a 50% decrease in aerosol concentration are on the order of one minute in well-ventilated spaces, compared to 4-5 minutes in the poorly ventilated restroom, elevator and living room.
EPIDEMIOLOGY
·
Bagwell et al assess the effect of return to campus on viral
case growth in counties with a significant college student population relative to non-college counties. They find a significant surge of 9% in new cases in a 21-day time frame in college counties, a finding consistent across U.S. Census divisions. These results
suggest the need for institutions of higher education and the communities where these institutions reside work together quickly and effectively to mitigate viral transmission and to prevent overwhelming local healthcare infrastructure in college counties.
CLINICAL DATA
·
Nachmias et al.
described the first documented case of COVID-19 re-infection in Israel in a 20-year-old otherwise healthy young woman. On the first episode, she was mildly symptomatic, whereas the second episode was asymptomatic.
IMMUNOLOGY
·
Reynolds et al. conducted a cross-sectional, case-control, sub-study to understand how long immunity lasts in healthcare workers (HCW) who have had mild
or asymptomatic infection. Data from 136 healthcare workers at 16-18 weeks after UK lockdown were analyzed and 76 had laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 mild or asymptomatic infection. The findings suggest that the majority of HCW with mild or asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2
infection carry neutralising antibodies complemented by multi-specific T cell responses for at least 4 months after mild or asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection.
·
Casciola-Rosen et al.
identified robust IgM autoantibodies that recognize angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) in 27% patients with severe COVID-19, which are rare in hospitalized patients who are not ventilated. The antibodies do not undergo class-switching to IgG, suggesting
a T-independent antibody response. Purified IgM from anti-ACE2 patients activates complement.
CORONAVIROLOGY
·
Bai et al.
determined that co-infection of hACE2-transgenic mice with influenza A virus and SARS-CoV-2 resulted in aggravated SARS-CoV-2 infection and increased disease severitY
THERAPEUTICS – ANIMAL MODEL
·
Piepenbrink et al.
showed that the 1212C2 human monoclonal antibodies exhibit in vivo prophylactic and therapeutic activity against SARS-CoV-2 in hamsters when delivered intraperitoneal. Furthermore, liquid nebulized inhaled treatment to the infected hamsters mediated
a reduction in the respiratory viral burden and mitigated lung pathology.
VACCINE RESEARCH
·
Rodriguez et al. used a modified SEIR-type model and compared several strategies to identify the most effective vaccination priority sequence
using epidemiological data from Spain. The results indicate that planning vaccination by priority groups can achieve a reduction of more than 70% of total fatalities compared to no prioritisation. Further, the criteria for groups vaccination priority should
not be those with the highest mortality but rather those the highest number of daily person-to-person interactions. Lastly, prioritisation of groups with the highest mortality but less social interactions, may lead to significantly larger numbers of final
total fatalities, even higher as if no group priorities were established at all.
·
Kalnin et al. Authors describe the efforts to utilize an mRNA platform for rational design and evaluations of mRNA vaccine
candidates based on Spike (S) glycoprotein of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2. These data position MRT5500 as a viable vaccine candidate for clinical development against COVID-19.
PUBLIC HEALTH RESPONSE
·
Wu et al.
conducted a nationwide survey to collect data about the workload and productivity of regular work and WFH considering different types of tasks and occupations. The findings indicate that WFH causes an increase in workload for all participants by three
hours per week and a loss of productivity for 38% participants.
Regards,
Lisa Waddell, Tricia Corrin, Rukshanda Ahmad, Robyn Odell, Maribeth Mitri, Julie Theriault, Dobrila Todoric, Alejandra Dubois, Austyn Baumeister, Anam Khan, Musaab Younis, Lien Mi Tien, Dima Ayache, Angela Sloan, Kaitlin Young, Chatura
Prematunge, Ainsley Otten, Irene Yong, Drew Greydanus, Shalane Ha, Alex Gilbert, Jessie Varga, Vanessa Zubach, Meenu Sharma, Kristyn Burak
Focus areas: Modelling/ prediction, Epidemiology, Transmission, Clinical data, Surveillance, Coronavirology, Diagnostics / Pathogen detection, Therapeutics,
Vaccine Research, Public health interventions, Public Health response, Public Health Priorities, IPAC, Health care response, immunology, economics, animal model, zoonoses, Review Literature, Commentary/Editorial, news
Domaines cibles: Modélisation/prédiction, Épidémiologie, Transmission, Données cliniques, Surveillance, Coronavirologie, Diagnostics
/ Détection d'agents pathogènes, Thérapeutique, Recherche sur les vaccins, Interventions de santé publique, Priorités de santé publique, PCI,
Réponse des soins de santé, immunologie, économie, modèle animal, zoonoses, Revue de littérature, Commentaire/Éditorial, journaux
|
PUBLICATIONS |
AUTHORS / AUTEURS |
SOURCE |
FOCI / DOMAINE |
SUMMARY / SOMMAIRE |
COVID19: Exploring uncommon epitopes for a stable immune response through MHC1 binding |
Abitogun, Folagbade Muyiwa, Srivastava, et al |
bioRxiv |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
This study highlights novel protein sequences generated by shot gun sequencing protocols that could serve as potential
antigens in the development of novel subunit vaccines and through a stringent inclusion criterion, we characterized these protein sequences and predicted their 3D structures. We found distinctly antigenic sequences from the SARS-CoV-2 that have led to identification
of 4 proteins that demonstrate an advantageous binding with Human leukocyte antigen-1 molecules. Results show how previously unexplored proteins may serve as better candidates for subunit vaccine development due to their high stability and immunogenicity,
reinforce by their HLA-1 binding propensities and low global binding energies. This study thus takes a unique approach towards furthering the development of vaccines by employing multiple consensus strategies involved in immuno-informatics technique |
|
Adak, Debadatta, Majumder, et al |
medRxiv |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
In this paper, we consider a deterministic epidemic model of four compartments classified based on the health status of the populations of a given country
to capture the disease progression. A stochastic extension of the deterministic model is further considered to capture the uncertainty or variation observed in the disease transmissibility. In the case of a deterministic system, the disease-free equilibrium
will be globally asymptotically stable if the basic reproduction number is less than unity, otherwise, the disease persists. Using Lyapunov functional methods, we prove that the infected population of the stochastic system tends to zero exponentially almost
surely if the basic reproduction number is less than unity. The stochastic system has no interior equilibrium, however, its asymptotic solution is shown to fluctuate around the endemic equilibrium of the deterministic system under some parametric restrictions,
implying that the infection persists. A case study with the Covid-19 epidemic data of Spain is presented and various analytical results have been demonstrated. The epidemic curve in Spain clearly shows two waves of infection. The first wave was observed during
March-April and the second wave started in the middle of July and not completed yet. A real-time basic reproduction number has been given to illustrate the epidemiological status of Spain throughout the study period. Estimated cumulative numbers of confirmed
and death cases are 1,613,626 and 42,899, respectively, with case fatality rate 2.66 per cent till the deadly virus is eliminated from Spain. |
|
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Concerns of women regarding pregnancy and childbirth during the COVID-19 pandemic |
Ahlers-Schmidt, C, Hervey, et al |
Patient education and counseling |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
To better understand the knowledge, attitudes and practices of pregnant women and mothers of infants around COVID-19. A 58-item electronic survey was distributed
to pregnant and postpartum women (infants 15 years, English-speaking and enrolled in prenatal programs. Data is summarized using central tendency, frequencies and nonparametric statistics. Results: Of 114 (51 % response rate) participants, 82.5 % reported
negative changes in mental status measures (e.g. stress, anxious thoughts, changes in sleep patterns). All reported risk-reduction behavior changes (e.g. handwashing/use of sanitizer, social distancing). Significant changes were reported in employment and
financial status due to the pandemic. Increases in alcohol consumption among postpartum women were also reported. Few reported changes in prenatal, infant or postpartum healthcare access. |
|
Early predictors of mortality for moderate to severely ill patients with Covid-19 |
Aksel, G, İslam, et al |
American Journal of Emergency Medicine |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We aimed to determine the parameters that can predict the mortality of moderate to severely ill patients with laboratory confirmed Covid-19. Moderate to
severely ill, Covid-19 patients older than 18 years were included. Mild Covid-19 patients and the ones with negative polymerase chain reaction test results were excluded from the study. The primary outcome of the study was 30-day mortality rate and we aimed
to determine the factors affecting mortality in moderate to severely ill Covid-19 patients. 168 patient results were analyzed. Median age of the patients was 59.5 (48.3 to 76) and 90 (53.6%) were male. According to multivariate regression analysis results,
the presence of any comorbid disease (p = 0.027, HR = 26.11 (95% CI: 1.45 to 471.31)), elevated C-reactive protein levels (CRP) (p < 0.001, HR = 1.24 (95% CI: 1.11 to 1.38)) and presence of dyspnea (p = 0.026, HR = 4.26 ((95% CI: 1.19 to 15.28)) were found
to significantly increase the mortality, while high pulse O 2 saturation level (p < 0.001, HR = 0.90 (95% CI: 0.82 to 0.99) was found to decrease. When receiver operating characteristic curve was created for laboratory tests, it was determined that white blood
cell counts, neutrophil counts, CRP levels and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio predicted mortality while Lymphocyte levels did not. |
|
A Monitoring System for Patients of Autism Spectrum Disorder Using Artificial Intelligence |
Al Banna, MH, Ghosh, et al |
|
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
We are proposing an artificial intelligence-based system that uses sensor data to monitor the patient’s condition, and based on the emotion and facial
expression of the patient, adjusts the learning method through exciting games and tasks. Whenever something goes wrong with the patient’s behavior, the caregivers and the parents are alerted about it. We then presented how this AI-based system can help them
during COVID-19 pandemic. This system can help the parents to adjust to the new situation and continue the mental growth of the patients. |
|
Albani, F, Sepe, et al |
EClinicalMedicine |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
The aim of this study was to assess the impact of thromboprophylaxis with enoxaparin on hospital mortality in patients
admitted for Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The effects of enoxaparin on intensive care admission and hospital length-of-stay were evaluated as secondary outcomes. Observational cohort study, with data collected from patients admitted to Poliambulanza
Foundation with positive real time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for SARS-CoV-2 from 20th February to 10th May 2020. Multivariate logistic regression with overlap weight propensity score was used to model hospital mortality and intensive
care admission, hospital length-of-stay was analyzed with a multivariate Poisson regression. Seven hundred and ninety nine (57%) patients who received enoxaparin at least once during the hospitalization were included in the enoxaparin cohort, 604 (43%) patients
who did not were included in the control cohort. At the adjusted analysis enoxaparin was associated with lower in-hospital mortality (Odds Ratio 0·53, 95% C.I. 0·40–0·70) compared with no enoxaparin treatment. Hospital length-of-stay was longer for patients
treated with enoxaparin (Incidence Rate Ratios 1·45, 95% C.I. 1·36–1·54). Enoxaparin treatment was associated with reduced risk of intensive care admission at the adjusted analysis (Odds Ratio 0·48, 95% C.I. 0·32–0·69). |
|
|
Altawalah, H, AlHuraish, et al |
Journal of Clinical Virology |
Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes |
We investigated the potential use of the RT-PCR detection of SARS-COV-2 in saliva samples in large suspected-COVID-19
patients in Kuwait. NPS and saliva samples pairs were prospectively collected from 891 COVID-19 suspected patients in Kuwait and analyzed using TaqPath™ COVID-19 multiplex RT-PCR. Of the 891 patients, 38.61 % (344/891) were positive for SARS-CoV-2, 4.83 %
(43/891) were equivocal, and 56.56 % (504/891) were negative with NPS by RT-PCR. For saliva, 34.23 % (305/891) were positive for SARS-CoV-2, 3.14 (28/891) were equivocal, and 62.63 % (558/891) were negative. From 344 confirmed cases for SARS-CoV-2 with NPS
samples, 287 (83.43 %) (95 % CI, 79.14–86.99) were positive with saliva specimens. Moreover, the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of RT-PCR for the diagnosis of COVID-19 in saliva were 83.43 % (95 % CI: 79.07–87.20) and 96.71 % (95 % CI: 94.85–98.04
%), respectively. An analysis of the agreement between the NPS and saliva specimens demonstrated 91.25 % observed agreement (κ coefficient = 0.814, 95 % CI, 0.775–0.854). |
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|
Evaluation of the effectiveness of movement control order
to limit the spread of COVID-19 |
Amiruzzaman, M, Abdullah-Al-wadud, et al |
Annals of Emerging Technologies in Computing |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions
de santé publique |
This study presents a prediction model based on Logistic Growth Curve (LGC) to evaluate the effectiveness of Movement
Control Order (MCO) on COVID-19 pandemic spread. The evaluation assesses and predicts the growth models. The estimated model is a forecast-based model that depends on partial data from the COVID-19 cases in Malaysia. The model is studied on the effectiveness
of the three phases of MCO implemented in Malaysia, where the model perfectly fits with the R2 value 0.989. Evidence from this study suggests that results of the prediction model match with the progress and effectiveness of the MCO to flatten the curve, and
thus is helpful to control the spike in number of active COVID-19 cases and spread of COVID-19 infection growth. |
|
Ammar, A, Drapé, et al |
Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
A case report of a 62-year-old man was hospitalized in intensive care unit for severe Covid-19 pneumonia who developed
lung cavitation. Cultures from bronchoalveolar lavage were positive for methicillin-sensitive-Staphylococcus-aureus, Pseudomonas-Aeruginosa and Klebsiella-Pneumonia. Bacteriological tests were positive for Aspergillus-niger on bronchoalveolar fluid and aspergillus
antigenemia. Typical CT patterns of COVID-19 pneumonia are well known, but lung cavitation remains uncommon. It might be explained by viral damage to the alveolar walls leading to pneumatoceles. Bacterial and fungal superinfections were also observed. |
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Anzola, GP, Bartolaminelli, et al |
Italian Journal of Medicine |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
This study aims to assess the effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin receptor inhibitors
(ARBs) on the course of COVID-19. It is a prospective study on 221 (M/F ratio= 143/78, mean age 72±13) consecutive hypertensive patients with COVID-19: 76 (34.4%) treated with ACEIs, 63 (28.5%) with ARBs and 82 (37.1%) with antihypertensives OTHER than ACEIs
or ARBs. They were all followed up until discharge or death. BAD outcome was defined as the need for invasive mechanical ventilation or death. The three classes of medication were well balanced for confounding variables. BAD nly outcome was overall recorded
in 63/221 (28%) patients, in 20/76 (26%) of ACEI, in 17/63 (27%) of ARB and in 26/82 (32%) of OTHER users, with no statistically significant difference in any comparison. These findings refute the hypothesis that treatment with ACEIs or ARBs may negatively
affect the course of COVID-19. ©Copyright: the Author(s), 2020 |
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Arokiaraj, MC |
Frontiers in Public Health |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle
des infections (IPAC/PCI) |
The current analysis was performed to analyze the severity of COVID-19 and influenza (H1N1) vaccination in adults ≥
65. Also, to correlate the lower respiratory tract infections (LRIs), and influenza attributable to the lower respiratory tract infections' incidence with Covid-19 mortality. Evolutionarily influenza is close in resemblance to SARS-CoV-2 viruses and shares
some common epitopes and mechanisms. Recent influenza vaccination data of 34 countries from OECD and other publications were correlated with COVID-19 mortality from worldometer data. LRIs attributable to influenza and streptococcus pneumonia were correlated
with COVID-19 mortality. Specifically, influenza-attributable LRI incidence data of various countries (n = 182) was correlated with COVID-19 death by linear regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyzes. In a logistic regression model,
population density and influenza LRI incidence were correlated with COVID-19 mortality. There is a correlation between COVID-19-related mortality, morbidity, and case incidence and the status of influenza vaccination, which appears protective. The tendency
of correlation is increasingly highlighted as the pandemic is evolving. In countries where influenza immunization is less common, there is a correlation between LRIs and influenza attributable to LRI incidence and COVID-19 severity, which is beneficial. ROC
curve showed an area under the curve of 0.86 (CI 0.78 to 0.944, P 150/million and a decreasing trend of influenza LRI episodes. To predict COVID-19 mortality of >200/million population, the odds ratio for influenza incidence/100,000 was −1.86 (CI −2.75 to
−0.96, P 1000, the influenza parameter had an odd's ratio of −3.83 (CI −5.98 to −1.67), and an AUC of 0.94. |
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Who is dying from COVID-19 and when? An Analysis of fatalities in Tamil Nadu, India |
Asirvatham, ES, Sarman, et al |
Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
This study aims to understand the demographic and clinical characteristics of deceased COVID-19 patients; and estimation
of time-interval between symptom onset, hospital admission and death could inform public health interventions focusing on preventing mortality due to COVID-19. We obtained COVID-19 death summaries from the official dashboard of the Government of Tamil Nadu,
between 10th May and July 10, 2020. Of the 1783 deaths, we included 1761 cases for analysis. The mean age of the deceased was 62.5 years (SD: 13.7). The crude death rate was 2.44 per 100,000 population; the age-specific death rate was 22.72 among above 75
years and 0.02 among less than 14 years, and it was higher among men (3.5 vs 1.4 per 100,000 population). Around 85% reported having any one or more comorbidities; Diabetes (62%), hypertension (49.2%) and CAD (17.5%) were the commonly reported comorbidities.
The median time interval between symptom onset and hospital admission was 4 days (IQR: 2, 7); admission and death was 4 days (IQR: 2, 7) with a significant difference between the type of admitting hospital. One-fourth of (24.2%) deaths occurred within a day
of hospital admission. |
|
Bagarello, F, Gargano, et al |
Chaos, Solitons and Fractals |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health
interventions*| Interventions de santé publique |
We propose a simple model of spreading of some infection in an originally healthy population which is different from
other models existing in the literature. In particular, we use an operator technique which allows us to describe in a natural way the possible interactions between healthy and un-healthy populations, and their transformation into recovered and to dead people.
After a rather general discussion, we apply our method to the analysis of Chinese data for the SARS-2003 (Severe acute respiratory syndrome; SARS-CoV-1) and the Coronavirus COVID-19 (Corona Virus Disease; SARS-CoV-2) and we show that the model works very well
in reproducing the long-time behaviour of the disease, and in particular in finding the number of affected and dead people in the limit of large time. Moreover, we show how the model can be easily modified to consider some lockdown measure, and we deduce that
this procedure drastically reduces the asymptotic value of infected individuals, as expected, and observed in real life. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd |
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Return to University Campuses Associated with 9% Increase in New
COVID-19 Case Rate |
Bagwell Adams, Grace, Shannon, et al |
medRxiv |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
Using data from the New York Times and the American Community Survey, we assess the effect of this return to campus
on viral case growth in counties with a significant college student population relative to non-college counties. We find a significant surge of 9% in new cases in a 21-day time frame in college counties, a finding consistent across U.S. Census divisions. These
results suggest the need for institutions of higher education and the communities where these institutions reside work together quickly and effectively to mitigate viral transmission and to prevent overwhelming local healthcare infrastructure in college counties. |
|
Co-infection of influenza A virus enhances SARS-CoV-2 infectivity |
Bai, Lei, Zhao, et al |
bioRxiv |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Animal model | Modèle animal |
Little is known about the consequences of the co-infection of influenza A virus (IAV) and SARS-CoV-2. Through experimental
co-infection of IAV with either pseudotyped or SARS-CoV-2 live virus, we found that IAV pre-infection significantly promoted the infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 in a broad range of cell types. Intriguingly, such enhancement of SARS-CoV-2 infectivity was only seen
under co-infection with IAV but not with several other viruses including Sendai virus, human rhinovirus, human parainfluenza virus, human respiratory syncytial virus, or human enterovirus 71. IAV infection rather than interferon signaling induced elevated
expression of ACE2 essential for such enhancement of SARS-CoV-2 infectivity. Remarkably, we further confirmed that the pre-infection of IAV indeed resulted in an increased SARS-CoV-2 viral load and more severe lung damage in hACE2-transgenic mice. This study
illustrates that the co-infection of IAV aggravates SARS-CoV-2 infection and disease severity, which in turn suggests that preventing the convergence of flu season and COVID-19 pandemic would be of great significance. |
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An Adaptive and Dynamic Biosensor Epidemic Model for COVID-19 |
Balkus, SV, Rumbut, et al |
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Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
The impact of the COVID-19 global pandemic has required governments across the world to develop effective public health
policies using epidemiological models. Unfortunately, as a result of limited testing ability, these models often rely on lagged rather than real-Time data, and cannot be adapted to small geographies to provide localized forecasts. This study proposes ADBio,
a multi-level adaptive and dynamic biosensor-based model that can be used to predict the risk of infection with COVID-19 from the individual level to the county level, providing more timely and accurate estimates of virus exposure at all levels. The model
is evaluated using diagnosis simulation based on current COVID-19 cases as well as GPS movement data for Massachusetts and New York, where COVID-19 hotspots had previously been observed. Results demonstrate that lagged testing data is indeed a major detriment
to current modeling efforts, and that unlike the standard SEIR model, ADBio is able to adapt to arbitrarily small geographic regions and provide reasonable forecasts of COVID-19 cases. The features of this model enable greater national pandemic preparedness
and provide local town and county governments a valuable tool for decision-making during a pandemic. |
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Bandyopadhyay, Arnab, Schips, et al |
medRxiv |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health
interventions*| Interventions de santé publique |
We developed a COVID-19 specific infection epidemic model composed of susceptible (S), exposed (E), carrier (C), infected
(I), recovery (R) and dead (D) (SECIRD), specifically parameterized for Italy to disentangle the impact of these factors and their implications on infection dynamics to help planning an effective control strategy for a possible second wave. Our model discriminates
between detected infected and undetected individuals who played a crucial role in the disease spreading and is not well addressed by classical SEIR-like transmission models. We determined that adopting a combined strategy of rapid early and targeted testing
(~10 fold) with increased hospital capacity would help in avoiding bottlenecks affecting the health care system. Our results demonstrate that early testing would have a strong impact on the overall hospital accessibility and, hence, upon death toll (~20% to
50% reduction) and could have mitigated the lack of facilities at the crucial middle stage of the epidemic. |
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Sex, androgens and regulation of pulmonary AR, TMPRSS2 and ACE2 |
Baratchian, Mehdi, McManus, et al |
bioRxiv |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Animal model | Modèle animal |
The sex discordance in COVID-19 outcomes has been widely recognized, with males generally faring worse than females
and a potential link to sex steroids. A plausible mechanism is androgen-induced expression of TMPRSS2 and/or ACE2 in pulmonary tissues that may increase susceptibility or severity in males. This hypothesis is the subject of several clinical trials of anti-androgen
therapies around the world. Here, we investigated the sex-associated TMPRSS2 and ACE2 expression in human and mouse lungs and interrogated the possibility of pharmacologic modification of their expression with anti-androgens. We found no evidence for increased
TMPRSS2 expression in the lungs of males compared to females in humans or mice. Furthermore, in male mice, treatment with the androgen receptor antagonist enzalutamide did not decrease pulmonary TMPRSS2. On the other hand, ACE2 and AR expression was sexually
dimorphic and higher in males than females. ACE2 was moderately suppressible with enzalutamide therapy. Our work suggests that sex differences in COVID-19 outcomes attributable to viral entry are independent of TMPRSS2. Modest changes in ACE2 could account
for some of the sex discordance. |
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Bartha, FerencA, Karsai, et al |
medRxiv |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Public health interventions*| Interventions
de santé publique |
Testing and isolation of cases is an important component of our strategies to fight SARS-CoV-2. In this work, we consider
a compartmental model for COVID-19 including a nonlinear term representing symptom-based testing. We analyze how the considered clinical spectrum of symptoms and the testing rate affect the outcome and the severity of the outbreak. |
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Basheti, IA, Nassar, et al |
Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
We aimed to investigate pharmacists' perspectives of the role of educational institutes and professional pharmacy organizations
in supporting them to take on roles during COVID-19 pandemic and to identify barriers to be able to support themselves and their patients. This descriptive mixed-method study was conducted via a cross-sectional online survey distributed to pharmacists/pharmacy
students in Jordan during the COVID-19 outbreak (15-30 March 2020) using an online questionnaire, followed by an online focus group. Considering that fear and anxiety are a consequence of mass social distancing/quarantine, study participants (n = 726, age
= 26.9 (SD = 8.0) years, 71.9% females), reported needing training on mental healthcare to be able to support themselves and people during pandemics (90.2%). Most respondents agreed/strongly agreed (59.7%) with the statement around pharmacy educators/educational
institutes having a key role in preparing pharmacists for practice during epidemics/pandemics and agreed that their faculties should add a course regarding pandemic preparedness in their curriculum (89.9%). Results were similar regarding roles for the pharmaceutical
associations. Focus group findings (n = 7) mirrored the survey findings to a large extent. |
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Towards curtailing infodemic in the era of covid-19: A contextualized solution for ethiopia |
Belay, EG, Beyene, et al |
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Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
This paper focuses on infodemic response using semi-automated application, seeking to curtail the misinformation of
COVID-19 related news and support reliable information dissemination in Ethiopia. We analyze the emerging news trend about COVID-19 in selected social media sites (Facebook and Twitter) and Language (Amharic/English) using the information extraction tool that
we developed. The system will present a dashboard to experts with the required information to label the news as misinformation and educative (opted two broad categories) decided at this stage. The verified news and information will be pushed to various social-media
sites, conventional media and to our COVID-19 related information dissemination website. This will provide counter-information with better evidence and proactively flag misinformation and disinformation, and furthermore convey accurate and timely information
as educative. |
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Anticoagulation in COVID-19: Effect of Enoxaparin, Heparin and Apixaban on Mortality |
Billett, Henny, Reyes Gil, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
We investigated whether anticoagulation improves survival in COVID-19 and if this improvement in survival is associated
with disease severity. To simulate an intention to treat clinical trial, we analyzed the effect on mortality of anticoagulation therapy chosen in the first 48 hours of hospitalization. We analyzed 3,625 COVID-19+ inpatients, controlling for age, GFR, oxygen
saturation, ventilation requirement and time period, all determined during the first 48 hours. Findings: Adjusted logistic regression analyses demonstrated a significant decrease in mortality with prophylactic use of apixaban (OR 0·52, p=0·005) and enoxaparin
(OR=0·50, p=0·002). Therapeutic apixaban was also associated with decreased mortality (OR 0·63, p=0·025) but was not more beneficial than prophylactic use. UFH did not show the same benefit. Higher D-dimer levels were associated with increased mortality (p10ug/ml
derived the most benefit. There was no increase in transfusion requirement with any of the anticoagulants used. We conclude that COVID-19+ patients with moderate or severe illness benefit from anticoagulation and that apixaban has similar efficacy to enoxaparin
in decreasing mortality in this disease. |
|
Bonner, Carissa, Cvejic, et al |
medRxiv |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
This retrospective case-control study compared people with hypertension to matched healthy controls during COVID-19
lockdown, to determine whether they have higher risk perceptions, anxiety and prevention intentions. Baseline data from a national survey were collected in April 2020 during COVID-19 lockdown. Of 4362 baseline participants, 466 people reported hypertension
with no other chronic conditions, and were randomly matched to healthy controls with similar age, gender, education and health literacy. A subset (n=1369) was followed-up at 2 months after restrictions eased, including 147 participants with hypertension only.
Risk perceptions, prevention intentions and anxiety were measured. At baseline, perceived seriousness was high for both hypertension and control groups. The hypertension group had higher anxiety than controls; and were more willing to have the influenza vaccine.
At follow-up, these differences were no longer present in the longitudinal sub-sample. Perceived seriousness and anxiety had decreased, but vaccine intentions for both influenza and COVID-19 remained high (>80%). |
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Bozzani, A, Arici, et al |
Surgery (United States) |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
Our aim was to report the experience of the Department of Vascular Surgery of Pavia (Lombardy, Italy), including the
lessons learned and future perspectives regarding the management of coronavirus disease 2019 patients who developed severe acute ischemia with impending lower limb loss or deep vein thrombosis. We carried out a retrospective data collection of coronavirus
disease 2019 patients with severe acute ischemia of the lower limbs or deep vein thrombosis, which we observed in our department during the period March 1, 2020, to April 30, 2020. We observed 38 patients (28 male) with severe coronavirus disease 2019 infection
(6 with lower limb arterial thrombosis and 32 with deep vein thrombosis). The median patient age was 64 years (range 30–94 y). In the arterial group, 3 had thrombosis on plaque and 3 on healthy arteries (“simple” arterial thrombosis). All underwent operative
or hybrid (open/endo) revascularization; 1 patient died from major organ failure and 1 patient underwent major amputation. In the deep vein thrombosis group, 9 (28%) patients died from major organ failure, despite aggressive medical therapy. In patients with
simple arterial thrombosis and those with deep vein thrombosis, we observed a decrease in inflammatory parameters (C-reactive protein) and in D-dimer and fibrinogen after aggressive therapy (P <.001). Our study confirms that critically ill, coronavirus disease
2019 patients who develop arterial and deep vein thrombosis have a high risk of mortality, but, if treated properly, there is an improvement in overall survival, especially in patients of 60 years of age or younger. |
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Mathematical modeling of COVID-19 transmission: The roles of intervention strategies and lockdown |
Bugalia, S, Bajiya, et al |
Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health
interventions*| Interventions de santé publique |
In this study, we propose a compartmental epidemic model with intervention strategies such as lockdown, quarantine,
and hospitalization. Based on R0, it is revealed that the system has two equilibrium, namely disease-free and endemic. We also demonstrate the non-negativity and boundedness of the solutions, local and global stability of equilibria, transcritical bifurcation
to analyze its epidemiological relevance. Furthermore, to validate our system, we fit the cumulative and new daily cases in India. Our analysis concludes that if there is partial or no lockdown case, then endemic level would be high. Along with this, the high
transmission rate ensures higher level of endemicity. From the short time prediction, we predict that India may face a crucial phase (approx 6000000 infected individuals within 140 days) in near future due to COVID-19. Finally, numerical results show that
COVID-19 may be controllable by reducing the contacts and increasing the efficacy of lockdown. |
|
Carriedo, A, Cecchini, et al |
Mental Health and Physical Activity |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
This study aimed to examine the impact of shelter-in-place order on Spanish citizens’ resilience, as well as the connections
between resilience, physical activity (PA), gender, weight and body mass index (BMI) before and after confinement, and COVID-19-related information. A total of 1795 people answered an online questionnaire conducted on March 21st, 2020, seven days after the
mandatory shelter-in-place health order was issued. Results showed that individuals who regularly engaged in Vigorous PA during the first week of confinement reported higher resilience in terms of higher locus of control, higher self-efficacy, and higher optimism.
Moreover, inter-personal resilience differences were observed based on gender, age groups, BMI, weight, and people living with dependent persons or under health risk conditions. |
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IgM autoantibodies recognizing ACE2 are associated with severe
COVID-19 |
Casciola-Rosen, Livia, Thiemann, et al |
medRxiv |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Immunology | Immunologie |
We demonstrate robust IgM autoantibodies that recognize angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) in 18/66 (27%) patients
with severe COVID-19, which are rare (2/52; 3.8%) in hospitalized patients who are not ventilated. The antibodies do not undergo class-switching to IgG, suggesting a T-independent antibody response. Purified IgM from anti-ACE2 patients activates complement.
Pathological analysis of lung obtained at autopsy shows endothelial cell staining for IgM in blood vessels in some patients. We propose that vascular endothelial ACE2 expression focuses the pathogenic effects of these autoantibodies on blood vessels, and contributes
to the angiocentric pathology observed in some severe COVID-19 patients. |
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Gender differences in covid-19 cases and death rates in italy |
Caselli, G, Egidi, et al |
Italian Journal of Gender-Specific Medicine |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
According to the latest information supplied by the Italian National Institute of Health (ISS) up until May 20th, there
have been 227,169 cases of COVID-19 microbiologi-cally diagnosed in Italy, of whom 54% were women. On the same date, 31,017 deaths were registered but, in this case, women accounted for only 40% of the total, a proportion that rises to 66% after age 90. Considering
the total cases rates by age, levels are slightly higher for women up to 50 years of age and higher for men up to 80. Only from 90, women surpass men with much higher values. On the con-trary, mortality rates are higher for men at all ages, particu-larly in
the ages 50-69 male mortality is more than three-fold that of women. However, official COVID-19 data underestimate deaths. According to Istat&ISS estimates from 20 February to 31 March 2020, deaths due to COVID-19 infection represent only 54%. Ninety-one percent
of the excess mortality registered at national level is concentrated in areas where the epidemic was widespread. © 2020, Il Pensiero Scientifico Editore s.r.l.. All rights reserved. |
|
Caselli, Mauro, Fracasso, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
This paper explores the impact of the adoption and the removal of restrictive measures on changes in individual mobility
in Italy. By using a spatial discontinuity approach, these measures were effective in that they lowered individual mobility by about 7 percentage points relative to what is accounted for by the characteristics of the local population and the disease. The analysis
shows, however, that local features played an important role after the travelling bans were lifted: the catching up with pre-COVID-19 patterns has been stronger in those areas where the labour force is relatively less exposed to the risk of contagion and less
likely to work from home. |
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News Coverage and Drug Shortages during the COVID-19 Pandemic |
Catillon, Maryaline, Majumder, et al |
medRxiv |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
This study collected data from MediaCloud and Google Health Trends about eight drugs proposed for repurposing as COVID-19
treatments and reported to be in shortage by the U.S. FDA from January 1, 2020 through June 30, 2020. Found that news media coverage could have contributed to shortages due to hoarding by individuals and stockpiling by institutions, and that search trends
appear to accurately discriminate between individual hoarding and institutional stockpiling. |
|
Scrutiny for Child Abuse and Neglect During the COVID-19 Pandemic |
Catillon, Maryaline, Mandl, et al |
medRxiv |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
The extant infrastructure for child abuse surveillance, dependent on reporting by schools and healthcare professionals,
has been disrupted by the pandemic. Using Google Trends and MediaCloud data, found a drop in Internet searches and news reports about child abuse and neglect during the pandemic, which may reflect decreased scrutiny. |
|
Network Graph Representation of COVID-19 Scientific Publications
to Aid Knowledge Discovery |
Cernile, George, Heritage, et al |
medRxiv |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
The authors constructed a graph network from the publicly available CORD-19 database of COVID-19-related publications
using an engine leveraging medical knowledge bases to identify discrete medical concepts and an open source tool (Gephi) used to visualise the network. Knowledge management approaches (text mining and graph networks) can effectively allow rapid navigation
and exploration of entity interrelationships to improve understanding of diseases such as COVID-19. |
|
Cerutti, F, Burdino, et al |
Journal of Clinical Virology |
Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes |
At the time of writing, FIND has listed four CE-marked SARSCoV-2 antigen tests. We evaluated the recently CE-approved
rapid POCT SD-Biosensor for SARS-CoV-2 nucleoprotein detection in nasopharyngeal secretions from 330 patients admitted to the Emergency Room for a suspect of COVID-19 and travelers returning home from high risk countries. Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy,
negative and predictive values were consistent with the use of the test to mass-screening for SARS-CoV-2 surveillance. © 2020 |
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Rapid Development of Neutralizing and Diagnostic SARS-COV-2 Mouse
Monoclonal Antibodies |
Chapman, Asheley Poole, Tang, et al |
bioRxiv |
Immunology | Immunologie |
This study reports the development and functional characterization of 29 nanomolar-affinity mouse SARS-CoV-2 mAbs created
by an accelerated immunization and hybridoma screening process. Differing functions, including binding of diverse protein epitopes, viral neutralization, impact on RBD-hACE2 binding, and immunohistochemical staining of infected lung tissue, were correlated
with variable gene usage and sequence. |
|
Chatterjee, A, Mukherjee, et al |
Atmospheric Environment |
Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique |
This study was conducted to investigate the relative changes of carbonaceous aerosols (CA) over a high altitude Himalayan
atmosphere with and without (very low) anthropogenic emissions. Measurements of atmospheric organic (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) were conducted during the lockdown period (April 2020) due to global COVID 19 outbreak and compared with the normal period (April
2019). The interesting, unexpected and surprising observation is that OC, EC and the total CA (TCA) during the lockdown (OC: 12.1 ± 5.5 μg m−3;EC: 2.2 ± 1.1 μg m−3;TCA: 21.5 ± 10 μg m−3) were higher than the normal period (OC: 7.04 ± 2.2 μg m−3;EC: 1.9 ± 0.7
μg m−3;TCA: 13.2 ± 4.1 μg m−3). The higher values for OC/EC ratio too was observed during the lockdown (5.7 ± 0.9) compared to the normal period (4.2 ± 1.1). Much higher surface O3 during the lockdown (due to very low NO) could better promote the formation
of secondary OC (SOC) through the photochemical oxidation of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) emitted from Himalayan coniferous forest cover. SOC during the lockdown (7.6 ± 3.5 μg m−3) was double of that in normal period (3.8 ± 1.4 μg m−3). |
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Adaptive Evolution of Peptide Inhibitors for Mutating SARS-CoV-2 |
Chaturvedi, P, Han, et al |
Advanced Theory and Simulations |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
This study developed a computational strategy to adaptively evolve peptides that could selectively inhibit mutating
S protein receptor binding domains (RBDs) of different SARS-CoV-2 viral strains from binding to their human host receptor, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Starting from suitable peptide templates, based on selected ACE2 segments (natural RBD binder),
the templates are gradually modified by random mutations, while retaining those mutations that maximize their RBD-binding free energies. In this adaptive evolution, atomistic molecular dynamics simulations of the template-RBD complexes are iteratively perturbed
by the peptide mutations, which are retained under favorable Monte Carlo decisions. The computational search will provide libraries of optimized therapeutics capable of reducing the SARS-CoV-2 infection on a global scale. |
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Vehicle routing problem of contactless joint distribution service during COVID-19 pandemic |
Chen, D, Pan, et al |
Transportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspectives |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
This paper proposes a contactless joint distribution service to avoid contact between couriers. Then a multi-vehicle
multi-trip routing problem for contactless joint distribution service is proposed, and a mathematical programming model for this problem is established. The goal of the model is to increase residents' satisfaction with food distribution services. To solve
this model, a PEABCTS algorithm is developed, which is the enhanced artificial bee colony algorithm embedded with a tabu search operator, using a progressive method to form a solution of multi-vehicle distribution routings. |
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A case of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection followed by secondary community acquired pneumonia |
Chen, J, Tian, et al |
Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
This editorial reports an asymptomatic COVID-19 case who developed secondary community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) during
convalescence. The patient exhibited no clinic symptoms or obvious pulmonary lesions on the first admission, and was discharged after antiviral treatment. However, during medical observation, he developed pneumonia caused by secondary bacterial infection. |
|
Cheng, F, Li, et al |
Infection and Drug Resistance |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
This study clarified the medication usage, related adverse reactions, and pharmaceutical interventions in patients
with mild COVID-19 admitted to Fangcang shelter hospitals for centralized quarantine. Lower blood lymphocyte count was proposed as the most significant risk factor in patients with mild illness. All patients received antiviral treatment (arbidol, oseltamivir,
and ribavirin); 78.4% of patients received antibiotic therapy (moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, and cefdinir); patients in the moderate disease group received more antibiotic therapy than those in the mild disease group. Most of the patients were treated with traditional
Chinese medicine. Patients with moderate disease preferred to receive sedative hypnotic therapy. Diarrhea, nausea and vomiting, insomnia, arrhythmia, and constipation were the most common adverse reactions. The rate of mild-to-moderate illness in the pharmaceutical
intervention and non-intervention groups was 20.6% and 31.7%, respectively. |
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|
Chetta, M, Rosati, et al |
Heliyon |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
This study reports on in silico comparative analysis between complete genome of SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, HCoV-OC43 and SARS-CoV-2
strains, to identify the occurrence of specific conserved motifs on viral genomic sequences which should be able to bind and therefore induce a subtraction of host's Transcription Factors (TFs) which lead to a depletion, an effect comparable to haploinsufficiency
(a genetic dominant condition in which a single copy of wild-type allele at a locus, in heterozygous combination with a variant allele, is insufficient to produce the correct quantity of transcript and, therefore, of protein, for a correct standard phenotypic
expression). In this competitive scenario, virus versus host, the proposed in silico protocol identified the TFs same as the distribution of TFBSs (Transcription Factor Binding Sites) on analyzed viral strains, potentially able to influence genes and pathways
with biological functions confirming that this approach could brings useful insights regarding SARS-CoV-2. According to our results obtained by this in silico approach it is possible to hypothesize that TF-binding motifs could be of help in the explanation
of the complex and heterogeneous clinical presentation in SARS-CoV-2 and subsequently predict possible interactions regarding metabolic pathways, and drug or target relationships. |
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Covid-19 epidemic under the K-quarantine model: Network approach |
Choi, K, C |
arXiv |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health
interventions*| Interventions de santé publique |
In this work, the spread of COVID-19 under local quarantine measures is modeled using the Susceptible-Exposed-Infected-Recovered
model on complex networks. In this network approach, the links connected to isolated people are disconnected and then reinstated when they are released. This link dynamics leads to time-dependent reproduction number. Numerical simulations are performed on
networks with reaction rates estimated from empirical data. The temporal pattern of the cumulative number of confirmed cases is then reproduced. The results show that a large number of asymptomatic infected patients are detected as they are quarantined together
with infected patients. |
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Prospect of biobased antiviral face mask to limit the coronavirus outbreak |
Chowdhury, MA, Shuvho, et al |
Environmental research |
Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI) |
This is the first study that has endeavoured to explore the design and fabrication of an antiviral face mask using
licorice root extract, which has antimicrobial properties due to glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) and glycyrrhizin (GL). An electrospinning process was utilized to fabricate nanofibrous membrane and virus deactivation mechanisms discussed. The nanofiber mask material
was characterized by SEM and airflow rate testing. SEM results indicated that the nanofibers from electrospinning are about 15–30 μm in diameter with random porosity and orientation which have the potential to capture and kill the virus. Theoretical estimation
signifies that an 85 L/min rate of airflow through the face mask is possible which ensures good breathability over an extensive range of pressure drops and pore sizes. Finally, it can be concluded that licorice root membrane may be used to produce a biobased
face mask to control COVID-19 spread. |
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Christensen, J, Kumar, et al |
Transplantation proceedings |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
This report presents clinical management of a single-center cohort of 6 patients (4 kidney only, and 2 simultaneous
liver/kidney transplants) diagnosed with COVID-19 at a median of 1.9 years (range = 0.2-9.3 years) post transplant. Five (of 6) patients required inpatient admission, 2 patients (mortality = 33%) died. Among those with mortality, an increased concentration
of inflammatory biomarkers (interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein) was noted with a lack of response to interleukin-6 blockade, remdesivir, and/or convalescent plasma. None of the kidney-only transplants (4/6; 67%) had elevation in plasma donor-derived cell-free
DNA above the previously published cut-off of 1%, suggesting absence of significant allo-immune injury. Four (of 5) admitted patients had detectable SARS-CoV-2 in blood on samples obtained at/during hospitalization. Of the 4 discharged patients, 2 patients
with undetectable virus on repeat nasopharyngeal swabs had seroconversion with positive SARS-CoV-2 IgG formation at 30 to 48 days post infection. One patient had prolonged shedding of virus on nasopharyngeal swab at 28 days post discharge despite lack of symptoms. |
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COVID-19 behavioural insights study: Preliminary findings from
Finland, April-May, 2020 |
Cristea, Veronica, Dub, et al |
medRxiv |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
The COVID-19 monitoring behavioural insights study was conducted from April-May 2020 in Finland. Respondents reported
feeling confident protecting themselves against COVID-19 infection. Worries shifted from overloading the health system (mean value 5.5 95% CI: 5.4-5.6]) to mental health concerns (mean value 5.3 95% CI 5.2-5.4]). Maintaining physical distancing from families
and friends decreased by 7% and 6%. Respondents mostly agreed that if a vaccine would become available, they would get it. The decrease in acceptance of recommended measures needs further analysis, but current results provide evidence to support the response. |
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Use of convalescent serum reduces severity of COVID-19 in nonhuman
primates |
cross, robert, Prasad, et al |
bioRxiv |
Therapeutics| Thérapeutique Animal model | Modèle animal |
Here, we assessed the efficacy of convalescent sera in a newly developed African green monkey model of COVID-19. Groups
of SARS-CoV-2-infected animals were treated with pooled convalescent sera containing either high or low to moderate anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody titers. Differences in viral load and disease pathology were minimal between monkeys that received the
lower titer convalescent sera and untreated controls. However, and importantly, lower levels of SARS-CoV-2 in respiratory compartments, reduced gross and histopathological lesion severity in the lungs, and reductions in several parameters associated with coagulation
and inflammatory processes were observed in monkeys that received convalescent sera versus untreated controls. Our data support human studies suggesting that convalescent plasma therapy is an effective strategy if donors with high level of antibodies against
SARS-CoV-2 are employed and if recipients are at an early stage of disease. |
|
Daniel Reegan, A, Rajiv Gandhi, et al |
Heliyon |
Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique |
In the present study, two rounds of Aedes surveillance was carried out in two localities of Bengaluru City (urban)
of Karnataka State, India during the COVID-19 lockdown days and results were compared with pre-lockdown surveillance data to assess the impact of lockdown on Aedes larval indices, breeding habitats and dengue vector control programme. The recorded house index
(HI) and Breteau index (BI) were 6.6 and 9.3 in K.P. Agrahara and 4.0 and 5.3 in Palace Guttahalli during pre-lockdown survey. The house index (HI) and Breteau index (BI) were found to be increased to 26.6 and 34.6 in K.P. Agrahara and 21.3 and 28.0 in Palace
Guttahalli during the COVID-19 lockdown second survey. Aedes immature density has drastically increased in both the localities due to temporarily discontinued Aedes surveillance, larval control activities like source reduction and anti-larval measures during
COVID-19 lockdown. The high indices show that the vector is increasing and this may result in higher dengue virus transmission. |
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A comparative study of infection and mortality in COVID-19 across
countries: A scaling analysis |
Das, Ranjan, Hossain, et al |
medRxiv |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique |
Analysing infection and mortality data for COVID-19 as a function of days for 54 countries across all continents, we
show that there is a simple scaling behaviour connecting these two quantities for any given nation when the data is segmented over few ranges of dates covering the most rapid spread of the pandemic and the recovery, wherever achieved. Estimates of the shift
and mortality for these 54 countries in different periods show large spreads ranging over 0-16 days and 0.45-19.96%, respectively. Shift and mortality are found to be inversely correlated. Analyses of number of tests carried out for detecting COVID-19 and
the number of infections detected due to such tests suggest that an effective way to increase the shift, and therefore, decrease mortality, is to increase number of tests per infection detected. This points to the need of a dynamic management of testing that
should accelerate with the rise of the pandemic; it also suggests a basis for adjusting variations in the testing patterns in different geographical locations within a given country. |
|
de Marcaida, JA, Lahrmann, et al |
Geriatrics (Switzerland) |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We reviewed electronic health records and conducted telephone interviews to collect the demographics and clinical outcomes
of patients seen at our Movement Disorders Center who tested positive for COVID-19 from 8 March 2020 through 6 June 2020. Thirty-six patients were identified, 23 men and 13 women, median age of 74.5 years. They primarily carried diagnoses of idiopathic Parkinson
disease (n = 22; 61%) and atypical parkinsonism (n = 7; 19%) with the balance having other diagnoses. Twenty-seven patients (75%) exhibited alteration in mental status and fifteen (42%) had abnormalities of movement as common manifestations of COVID-19; in
61% and 31%, respectively, these were the presenting symptoms of the disease. Sixty-seven percent of patients in our cohort required hospitalization, and the mortality rate was 36%. These data demonstrate that in patients with movement disorders, the likelihood
of hospitalization and death after contracting COVID-19 was greater than in the general population. Patients with movement disorders frequently presented with altered mental status, generalized weakness, or worsening mobility but not anosmia. |
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90 days of COVID-19 social distancing and its impacts on air quality and health in Sao Paulo, Brazil |
Debone, D, da Costa, et al |
Sustainability (Switzerland) |
Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique |
We investigated the air quality improvement related to PM10, PM2.5, and NO2 concentrations during 90 days of quarantine
compared to an equivalent period in 2019. We found a significant drop in air pollution of 45% of PM10, 46% of PM2.5, and 58% of NO2, and using a relative-risk function, we estimated that this significant air quality improvement avoided, respectively, 78, 337,
and 387 premature deaths, respectively, and prevented approximately US $720 million on health costs. Moreover, we estimated that 5623 deaths by COVID-19 represent an economic health loss of US $10.5 billion. Both health and economic gains associated with air
pollution reductions give a positive perspective of the efforts towards keeping air pollution reduced even after the pandemic, highlighting the importance of improving the strategies of air pollution mitigation actions, as well as the crucial role of adopting
efficient measures to protect human health both during and after the COVID-19 global health crisis. |
|
Dixon, BrianE, Wools-Kaloustian, et al |
medRxiv |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We sought to identify key symptoms and symptom combinations in a community-based population. Among 8214 individuals
screened, 368 individuals (4.5%) were RT-PCR positive for SARS-CoV-2. Although two-thirds of symptoms were highly specific (>90.0%), most symptoms individually possessed a PPV <50.0%. The individual symptoms most greatly associated with SARS-CoV-2 positivity
were fever (OR=5.34, p<0.001), anosmia (OR=4.08, p<0.001), ageusia (OR=2.38, p=0.006), and cough (OR=2.86, p<0.001). Results from EFA identified two primary symptom clusters most associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection: (1) ageusia, anosmia, and fever; and (2)
shortness of breath, cough, and chest pain. Moreover, being non-white (13.6% vs. 2.3%, p<0.001), Hispanic (27.9% vs. 2.5%, p<0.001), or living in an Urban area (5.4% vs. 3.8%, p<0.001) was associated with infection. |
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|
Dugas, Martin, Grote-Westrick, et al |
medRxiv |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We performed an observational study to assess the impact of previous infections with seasonal coronaviruses on COVID-19
severity. 60 patients with confirmed COVID-19 infections were included (age 30 - 82 years; 52 males, 8 females): 19 inpatients with critical disease, 16 inpatients with severe or moderate disease and 25 outpatients (age and gender matched to inpatients). Patients
with critical disease had significantly lower levels of HCoV OC43- (p=0.016) and HCoV HKU1-specific (p=0.023) antibodies at the first encounter compared to other COVID-19 patients. Our results indicate that previous infections with seasonal coronaviruses might
protect against a severe course of disease. This finding should be validated in other settings and could contribute to identify persons at risk before an infection. |
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El-Khoury, F, Cuenca, et al |
European Journal of Psychiatry |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
We examine the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infections among patients admitted to a Parisian psychiatric University Hospital
Group (GHU). A total of 548 patients were admitted to the GHU's full-time psychiatric wards between April 6 and May 3 2020. More than 80% were tested. A total of 7 patients tested positive for the SARS-Cov-2 (1.3%), with 5 patients (in 92, 5.4%) testing positive
in the first week. GHU patients presented a low prevalence of SARS-CoV-2, even if all patients live in the hardest hit region in France. Social isolation and loneliness, as well as self-isolation of patients with symptoms could explain our results. |
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|
Ersin, F, Kartal, et al |
Perspectives in psychiatric care |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
The study was carried out to determine the perceived stress levels and health-protective behaviors of nursing students
during the COVID-19 pandemic. The sample consisted of a total of 372 students. The examination of the protective measures adopted by the students against COVID-19 indicated that the mean perceived stress subscale scores of the students who did not use a mask
and disposable wipes when coughing/sneezing were statistically significantly higher (p <.005). |
|
|
Escobar, Milagro, DeCastro Mendez, et al |
medRxiv |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
We examined the impact of COVID-19 on household and child food security in three preexisting, longitudinal, Latinx
urban cohorts in the San Francisco Bay Area (N=375 households, 1,875 individuals). We found low levels of household food security in Latinx families (by cohort: 29.2%; 34.2%; 60.0%) and child food security (56.9%; 54.1%; 78.0%) with differences between cohorts
explained by self-reported levels of education and employment status. Food security levels were much lower than those reported previously in two cohorts where data had been recorded from prior years. Reported history of COVID-19 infection in households was
4.8% (95% Confidence Interval (CI); 1.5-14.3%); 7.2% (95%CI; 3.6-13.9%) and 3.5% (95%CI; 1.7-7.2%) by cohort and was associated with food insecurity in the two larger cohorts (p=0.03; p=0.01 respectively). |
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|
Development and validation of corona virus anxiety scale (CVAS) |
Faiza, A |
Walailak Journal of Science and Technology |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
Items for a Corona Virus Anxiety Scale (CVAS) emerged from literature reviews, a SARS fear scale, and qualitative analysis
of interviews. After successive item modifications and pilot-testing, the 17-item self-reported CVAS was administered to (N = 256) participants. A sample of (N = 45) individuals was recruited for determination of CVAS construct validity with the Impact of
Event Scale-Revised (IES-R). Results: Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) showed 3 factors with 57.46 % variance, Fear of Infection and Death (FOIAD), Social Isolation (SI), and Loss of Control and Helplessness (LOCAH). Item-total correlation values ranged from
(r = 0.46 to 0.63, p < 0.01). Overall, CVAS showed a high-value Cronbach alpha reliability (α = 0.896); alpha reliabilities for subscales also lay in acceptable ranges. The relationship between CVAS and IES-R suggests significant and positive correlation values
(r = 0.477, **p < 0.01), demonstrating the construct validity of the newly-developed CVAS. |
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Study presence of COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) in the sweat of patients infected with Covid-19 |
Fathizadeh, H, Taghizadeh, et al |
Microbial pathogenesis |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
In this study, we aimed to investigate the presence of SARS‐CoV‐2 in the sweat secretion of COVID‐19 patients. Sweat
specimens of 25 COVID- 19 patients were collected and tested for SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA by Real‐time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) method. After RNA extraction and cDNA amplification, all samples were examined for the presence of ORF-1ab and N genes related to
COVID-19. Results annotated by Realtime PCR machines software based on Dynamic algorithm. The results of this study showed the absence of SARS-CoV-2 in the sweat samples taken from the foreheads of infected people. Therefore, it can be concluded that the sweat
of patients with COVID- 19 cannot transmit SARS-CoV-2. However they can be easily contaminated with other body liquids. |
|
Fu, Yu, Jing, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
In this multicenter, retrospective study, we collected data on laboratory-confirmed 482 COVID-19 patients from three
hospitals in Wuhan, China, who died or were discharged between February 1, 2020, and February 20, 2020. A total of 482 patients were enrolled in this study. Of those, 39.0% were severe patients and 13.3% were nonsurvivors. All the nonsurvivors were from the
severe group. The count of eosinophil remained relatively lower levels during hospitalization in the severe and nonsurvival groups compared with the nonsevere and survival groups (all P < 0.05). Patients with the lowest eosinophil count during hospitalization
reduced to ＜0.02×10⁹/L and =0.00×10⁹/L had higher rates of severity
and fatality (all P < 0.05). The lowest counts of lymphocyte and eosinophil during hospitalization were used to analyze the diagnostic efficacy of severe COVID-19, and their diagnostic effects were similar. The cutoff values were ≤0.72×10⁹/L and =0.00×10⁹/L,
and the areas under the curve were 0.768 and 0.740, respectively. Multivariate Cox regression model showed that the older age, the emergence of dyspnea, the increase of the white blood cell count on admission, the decrease of lymphocyte count on admission,
and eosinophil count reduced to =0.00×10⁹/L on admission were associated with fatal outcome. . |
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Gamboa, E, Gathe, et al |
Critical Care and Shock |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
A case of presumptive COVID-19 in a 69 year old woman. |
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Innate lymphoid cell composition associates with COVID-19 disease
severity |
Garcia, Marina, Kokkinou, et al |
medRxiv |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
This study aimed to describe the phenotypic landscape of circulating innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) in COVID-19 patients
and to identify ILC phenotypes correlated to serum biomarkers, clinical markers, and laboratory parameters relevant in COVID-19. ILCs were largely depleted from the circulation of COVID-19 patients compared with healthy controls. Remaining circulating ILCs
from patients revealed increased frequencies of ILC2 in moderate COVID-19, with a concomitant decrease of ILC precursors (ILCp), as compared with controls. ILC2 and ILCp showed an activated phenotype with increased CD69 expression, whereas expression levels
of the chemokine receptors CXCR3 and CCR4 were significantly altered in ILC2 and ILCp, and ILC1, respectively. The activated ILC profile of COVID-19 patients was associated with soluble inflammatory markers, while frequencies of ILC subsets were correlated
with laboratory parameters that reflect the disease severity. |
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Rhabdomyolysis is Associated with Hospital Mortality in Patients with COVID-19 |
Geng, Yan, Du, et al |
Research Square prepub |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
This study aimed to evaluate the clinical features and outcomes of rhabdomyolysis (RM) in patients with COVID-19. This
is a single center retrospective cohort study of 1,014 consecutive hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19 at the Huoshenshan hospital in Wuhan, China, between February 17 and April 12, 2020. The overall incidence of RM was 2.2%. Comparing with patients
without RM, patients with RM tended to have a higher risk of deterioration, representing by higher ratio to be admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) (90.9 % vs 5.3%, P1000 IU/L (HR=6.46, 95% CI: 3.02-13.86), peak serum myoglobin (MYO) >1000 ng/mL (HR=9.85,
95% CI: 5.04-19.28) were independent risk factors for in-hospital death. Additionally, patients with COVID-19 that developed RM tended to have a delayed virus clearance. |
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Predictors of mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Athens,
Greece |
Giannoglou, Dimitrios, Meimeti, et al |
medRxiv |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We investigated the mortality in Greek hospitalized COVID-19 patients and also the predictors of this mortality. Methods:
Study population included 512 COVID-19 patients admitted to the hospitals of the Attica region of Greece. Patients demographic characteristics, comorbidities, allergies, previous vaccination for seasonal influenza virus, admission to ICU, intubation, and death
were recorded. Potential predictors of in-hospital mortality were identified by regression analysis. Results: The mean age of hospitalized patients was 60.4 years, and was higher in patients who deceased. The most common comorbidities were respiratory diseases,
hypertension, gastrointestinal disorders, dyslipidemia, mental health diseases, asthma, diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases. The need for ICU care and intubation was significantly higher among patients who died. Age ≥65 years, cancer, chronic kidney
disease, endocrine diseases, central nervous system disorders, anemia, and intubation were independently associated with increased in-hospital mortality, while allergies and previous influenza vaccination were associated with decreased in-hospital mortality. |
|
Goodacre, Steve, Thomas, et al |
medRxiv |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Healthcare Response |
Réponse des soins de santé |
We aimed to derive and validate a triage tool, based on clinical assessment alone, for predicting adverse outcome in
acutely ill adults with suspected COVID-19 infection. Methods We undertook a mixed prospective and retrospective observational cohort study in 70 emergency departments across the United Kingdom (UK). We collected presenting data from 22445 people attending
with suspected COVID-19 between 26 March 2020 and 28 May 2020. The primary outcome was death or organ support (respiratory, cardiovascular, or renal) by record review at 30 days. Results Multivariable analysis identified that age, sex, respiratory rate, systolic
blood pressure, oxygen saturation/inspired oxygen ratio, performance status, history of renal impairment, and respiratory distress were retained in analyses restricted to the ten or fewer predictors. We used findings from multivariable analysis and clinical
judgement to develop a score based on the NEWS2 score, age, sex, and performance status. A clinical score based on NEWS2, age, sex, and performance status predicts adverse outcome with good discrimination in adults with suspected COVID-19 and can be used to
support decision-making in emergency care. |
|
|
Guidotti, Marco, Gateau, et al |
medRxiv |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
The aim of this study was to assess the emotional experience and tolerance of children with autism spectrum disorder
(ASD) in this particular context. Method: A clinical survey was proposed to parents and rated by professionals once a week during the quarantine period in France. 95 autistic children followed by the child and adolescent psychiatry department of Tours university
hospital were assessed from the 18th of March to the 8th of May. Results: Despite minor changes in family anxiety and school work, no difference was highlighted between clinical scores collected at the beginning and at the end of this period. ASD children
with or without intellectual disability had non-significant clinical changes during quarantine. This evolution was also independent of the accommodation type (house or apartment) and the parental status (relationship, separated or isolated). |
|
|
Harris, JeffreyE |
medRxiv |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Transmission |
We tracked the course of the COVID-19 epidemic among the approximately 300 communities comprising Los Angeles County.
The epidemic, we found, had three distinct phases. During Phase I, from early March through about April 4, initial seeding of infection in relatively affluent areas was followed by radial geographic extension to adjoining communities. During Phase II, which
continued to about July 11, COVID-19 cases continued to rise at a slower rate, and became increasingly concentrated in four geographic foci of infection across the county. This phase saw changes in two indicators of social mobility: the proportion of location-tracked
smartphones staying at home, and the number of smartphones visiting a gym. For both indicators, those communities with a larger reduction in social mobility during April reported fewer new COVID-19 cases in May. During Phase III, COVID-19 incidence only gradually
declined, remaining as high as the incidence seen at the end of Phase I. |
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|
Hathout, RM, Abdelhamid, et al |
Informatics in Medicine Unlocked |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of intranasal and/or pulmonary administration of CQ/HCQ for COVID-19 using
Bio/chemoinformatics tools. We, hereby, hypothesize the success of the intranasal and the pulmonary routes through a gelatin matrix to overcome several challenges related to CQ and HCQ pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics properties and to increase their
local concentrations at the sites of initial viral entry while minimizing the potential side effects. Molecular docking on the gelatin-simulated matrix demonstrated high loading values and a sustained release profile. Moreover, the docking on mucin as well
as various receptors including Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2), heparin sulphate proteoglycan and Phosphatidylinositol binding clathrin assembly protein (PICALM), which are expressed in the lung and intranasal tissues and represent initial sites of
attachment of the viral particles to the surface of respiratory cells, has shown good binding of CQ and HCQ to these receptors. The presented data provide an insight into the use of a novel drug formulation that needs to be tested in adequately powered randomized
controlled clinical trials; aiming for a sustained prophylaxis effect and/or a treatment strategy against this pandemic viral infection. |
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A delayed modulation of solar radiation on the COVID-19 transmission
reflects an incubation period |
He, Maosheng, Fang, et al |
medRxiv |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
Here, we find that the non-meteorological factors constrain statistically-least the growth rate of cumulative confirmed
cases in a country when the cases arrive around 2500-3000. The least-constrained growth rate correlates with the near-surface ultraviolet flux and temperature significantly (correlation coefficients r=-0.55±0.08 and -0.45±0.08 at p 10-5, respectively). In
response to increases of 1W/m2 ultraviolet and 1°C temperature, the growth rate decreases by 0.33±.11% and 0.18±.08% per day, respectively. The response to the ultraviolet flux exhibits a delay by about 7 days, providing an independent measure of the incubation
period. Our quantifications imply a seasonality of COVID-19 and a high risk of a pandemic resurgence in the upcoming boreal winter, suggesting a need for seasonal adaption in public policies. |
|
Heald, Eleanor, Ring, et al |
medRxiv |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
his is a retrospective, observational case series conducted in a West London District General Hospital. All patients
admitted to hospital with a radiological or microbiological diagnosis of Covid-19 were included (children under 16 years were excluded). Consecutive sampling was used and baseline characteristics including age, sex, postcode and final patient outcome were
collected from the electronic health records. The primary outcome was identification of local clusters of cases of coronavirus. Secondary outcome was identification of population characteristics that may provide evidence for more targetted public health intervention
in a second wave. Results: Local clusters of infection were identified within the target population. These appeared to correlate with higher indices of deprivation, poorer overall health and high household occupancy suggesting a role for public health measures
to target these areas. |
|
|
Helton, G, Wolfe, et al |
Journal of pain and symptom management |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
This study aims to examine ways in which COVID-19 has affected the bereavement experiences of parents whose children
died of cancer before the pandemic. Methods: Parents who participated in a survey-based study examining the early grief experience were invited to complete a semistructured interview. During the interview, which focused on examining the current support for
parents and other family members within the first several years after the child's death, participants were asked how COVID-19 has impacted their life and bereavement. Results: Parents identified multiple and variable ways—both positive, negative, and neutral—how
COVID-19 has affected their bereavement. Many parents commented on feeling more isolated because of the inability to connect with family or attend in-person support groups, whereas others acknowledged their experience has made them uniquely positioned to cope
with the uncertainty of the current situation. |
|
|
Hoernke, Katarina, Djellouli, et al |
medRxiv |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
Objectives To report frontline healthcare workers' (HCWs) experiences with personal protective equipment (PPE) during
the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK. To understand HCWs' fears and concerns surrounding PPE. Methods A rapid qualitative appraisal study combining three sources of data: semi-structured in-depth telephone interviews with frontline HCWs, media reports and government
PPE policies. HCWs interviewed were from secondary care, primary care and specialist community clinics. Results A major concern was running out of PPE, putting HCWs and patients at risk of infection. Following national-level guidance was often not feasible
when there were shortages, leading to re-use and improvisation of PPE. Frequently changing guidelines generated confusion and distrust. PPE was reserved for high-risk secondary care settings and this translated into HCWs outside these settings feeling inadequately
protected. Participants were concerned about inequitable access to PPE for community, lower seniority, female and ethnic minority HCWs. |
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Hoyer, C, Grassl, et al |
Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
Objective: To analyse the characteristics of patients with neurological complaints seeking evaluation in an interdisciplinary
emergency department (ED) during the rise of the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany. Methods: In this retrospective study, data on the number of ED presentations due to neurological complaints in weeks 1–15/2020 were collected. In addition, hospital chart data of
patients referred for neurological evaluation during weeks 12–15/2020 when the pandemic began impacting on public life in Germany were analysed regarding demographic information, chief complaints, modes of presentation and disposition and ED discharge diagnosis.
Both data sets were compared to respective periods from 2017. Results: During the surge of COVID-19, we found a significant decrease of the total number of neurological ED patients by 47.6%. Comparing weeks 12–15 of 2017 and 2020, we found a decrease in the
number of patients of <30 years and an increase of those ≥ 70 years. A higher proportion of patients were admitted to escalated care, and fewer patients were discharged against medical advice |
|
|
Iheagwam, FN, Rotimi, et al |
Scientifica |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
In this study, molecules from African medicinal plants were analysed as potential candidates against multiple SARS-CoV-2
therapeutic targets. Sixty-five molecules from the ZINC database subset (AfroDb Natural Products) were virtually screened with some reported repurposed therapeutics against six SARS-CoV-2 and two human targets. Molecular docking, druglikeness, absorption,
distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) of the best hits were further simulated. Of the 65 compounds, only three, namely, 3-galloylcatechin, proanthocyanidin B1, and luteolin 7-galactoside found in almond (Terminalia catappa), grape (Vitis
vinifera), and common verbena (Verbena officinalis), were able to bind to all eight targets better than the reported repurposed drugs. The findings suggest these molecules may play a role as therapeutic leads in tackling this pandemic due to their multitarget
activity. |
|
|
Ikemura, Kenji, Goldstein, et al |
medRxiv |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
In this study, we used automated machine learning (autoML) to develop and compare between multiple machine learning
(ML) models that predict the chance of patient survival from COVID-19 infection and identified the best-performing model. In addition, we investigated which biomarkers are the most influential in generating an accurate model. We believe an ML model such as
this could be a useful tool for clinicians stratifying hospitalized SARS-CoV-2 patients. Methods: The data was retrospectively collected from Clinical Looking Glass (CLG) on all patients testing positive for COVID-19 through a nasopharyngeal specimen by real-time
RT-PCR and admitted between 3/1/2020-7/3/2020 (4376 patients) at our institution. Results: The best model that autoML generated using all 47 variables was the stacked ensemble model of all models (AUCPR = 0.836). The most influential variables were: systolic
and diastolic blood pressure, age, respiratory rate, pulse oximetry, blood urea nitrogen, lactate dehydrogenase, d-dimer, troponin, and glucose. When the autoML was retrained with these 10 most important variables, it did not significantly affect the performance
. By using autoML, we developed high-performing models that predict patient mortality from COVID-19 infection. In addition, we identified the most important biomarkers correlated with mortality. This ML model can be used as a decision supporting tool for medical
practitioners to efficiently triage COVID-19 infected patients. |
|
|
Ishikawa, Gerson, Argenti, et al |
medRxiv |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
To identify nonspecific blood tests and risk factors as predictors of hospitalization due to COVID-19, one has to exclude
noisy predictors by comparing the concordance statistics (AUC) for positive and negative cases of SARS-CoV-2. The framework was applied to an open database with 5644 patients from Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein in Brazil with SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR test. C-reactive
Protein (CRP) was a noisy predictor: hospitalization could have happen due to causes other than COVID-19 even when SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR is positive and CRP is reactive, as most cases are asymptomatic to mild. Candidates of characteristic response from moderate
to severe inflammation of COVID-19 were: combinations of eosinophils, monocytes and neutrophils, with age as risk factor; and creatinine, as risk factor, sharpens the odds ratio of the model with monocytes, neutrophils, and age. |
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|
Israel, Ariel, Schaffer, et al |
medRxiv |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Methods We performed a population-based study among members of Clalit Health Services (CHS), the largest healthcare
provider in Israel. Two case-control matched cohorts were assembled to assess which drugs taken by patients in the month preceding a SARS-CoV-2 positive test affected risks of COVID-19 hospitalization and disease severity. Significance of the associations
was assessed using Fisher's exact test and Benjamini-Hochberg correction for multiple testing. Findings We identified several drugs and products sold in pharmacies that are significantly associated with reduced odds ratios of SARS-CoV-2 hospitalization and
disease severity: notably ubiquinone (OR:0.25, p<0.001), ezetimibe (OR=0.51, P<0.001), rosuvastatin (OR=0.75, p<0.001) and flecainide (OR=0.30, p<0.01). Additionally, acquisition of surgical masks, latex gloves and several ophthalmological products, including
eye wipes were associated with decreased risk for hospitalization. |
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|
Jothimani, D, Kailasam, et al |
International Journal of Infectious Diseases |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
The aim of this study was to determine the clinical significance of serum zinc in COVID-19 patients and to establish
a correlation with disease severity. Methods: This was a prospective study of fasting zinc levels in COVID-19 patients at the time of hospitalization. An initial comparative analysis was conducted between COVID-19 patients and healthy controls. COVID-19 patients
with zinc deficiency were compared to those with normal zinc levels. Results: COVID-19 patients showed significantly lower zinc levels when compared to healthy controls. Amongst the COVID-19 patients, 27 were found to be zinc deficient. These patients were
found to have higher rates of complications, acute respiratory distress syndrome, corticosteroid therapy, prolonged hospital stay, and increased mortality. |
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Prehospital management of acute respiratory distress in suspected COVID-19 patients |
Jouffroy, R, Lemoine, et al |
American Journal of Emergency Medicine |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
This retrospective study evaluated prehospital ARD management and identified factors associated with the need of prehospital
mechanical ventilation (PMV) for suspected COVID-19 patients. Methods: We included 256 consecutive patients with suspected COVID-19-related ARD that received prehospital care from a Paris Fire Brigade BLS or ALS team, from March 08 to April 18, 2020. Results:
Of 256 patients, 77 had previous hypertension, 31 were obese, and 49 had diabetes mellitus. Nineteen patients required PMV. Logistic regression observed that a low initial pulse oximetry was associated with prehospital PMV. pulse oximetry might be a valuable
marker for rapidly determining suspected COVID-19-patients requiring prehospital mechanical ventilation. |
|
Just, M, Krzysztof, et al |
Finance Research Letters |
Economics | Économie |
This paper investigates the relationship between US stock market returns (S&P500) and three indicators of the market,
namely implied volatility, implied correlation and liquidity. It also considers the short range dependence between both total confirmed cases and deaths in twelve countries and market movements. We use the two-regime Markov switching model to find the structural
break between stock market returns and key stock market indicators. The findings show close dependence between returns and both implied volatility and implied correlation but not with liquidity. The findings indicate the unique role of Italy in crisis transmission. |
|
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Immunogenicity of novel mRNA COVID-19 vaccine MRT5500 in mice and
non-human primates |
Kalnin, KirillV, Plitnik, et al |
bioRxiv |
Vaccine Research| Recherche sur les vaccins Animal model | Modèle animal |
Authors describe the efforts to utilize an mRNA platform for rational design and evaluations of mRNA vaccine candidates
based on Spike (S) glycoprotein of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2. These data position MRT5500 as a viable vaccine candidate for clinical development against COVID-19. |
|
Kasuga, Y, Nishimura, et al |
Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Authors discuss the case of a 13-year-old Japanese girl presented with fever and cough, and after 2 days, her olfactory
and taste sensations suddenly disappeared. An improvement in olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions was observed with negative results in RT-PCR test for SARS-CoV-2. |
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Precautionary breaks: planned, limited duration circuit breaks
to control the prevalence of COVID-19 |
Keeling, MattJ, Guyver-Fletcher, et al |
medRxiv |
Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique |
In this paper, we consider the application of breaks to the UK, aligning a two-week period of intense control to school
half-terms in order to minimise educational disruption. We utilise both a simple illustrative analysis and an age-structured model fitted to the UK data, to investigate the likely impact of a break on the trajectory of infection and the subsequent numbers
of hospitalised cases and deaths. |
|
Kendall, Michelle, Milsom, et al |
The Lancet Digital Health |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique |
BackgroundIn May 2020, the UK National Health Service (NHS) Test and Trace programme was launched in England in response
to the COVID-19 pandemic. The programme was first rolled out on the Isle of Wight and included version 1 of the NHS contact tracing app. The aim of the study was to make a preliminary assessment of the epidemiological impact of the Test and Trace programme
using publicly available data. |
|
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Keyvanara, M, Shaarbafchizadeh, et al |
Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
This study was carried out to determine self-care barriers in prevention of Covid-19 according to healthcare experts
and laypersons. Health care managers and policymakers could guide people towards more efficient self-care by planning to reduce and overcome barriers identified in this study. |
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Wells Score to Predict Pulmonary Embolism in Patients with Coronavirus Disease-2019 |
Kirsch, BrittanyA, Aziz, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Authors aimed to explore the ability of the Wells score to predict pulmonary embolism (PE) in patients with COVID-19.
Serum D-dimer elevation also predicted PE, but in the setting of COVID-19 this feature may reflect the severity of disease, regardless of demonstrable thrombosis. |
|
Klann, JeffreyG, Weber, et al |
medRxiv |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
Authors sought to develop and validate a standard definition of COVID-19 severity from readily accessible EHR data
across the Consortium for Clinical Characterization of COVID-19 by EHR (4CE). They developed an EHR-based algorithm for COVID-19 severity and validated it at 12 international sites. |
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Covid-19 pandemic's impact on tourism in poland in march 2020 |
Korinth, B, Ranasinghe, et al |
Geojournal of Tourism and Geosites |
Economics | Économie |
The outbreak of Coronavirus Covid-19 pandemic caused global economic gloom in the first quarter of 2020. This crisis
has particularly impacted tourism, which is the subject of this paper. Data regarding air traffic in March 2020 compiled by Polish Air Navigation Services Agency has been put to a detailed analysis. Accommodation occupancy rate in this period was analysed
using statistics presented by STR company. The analyses' conclusion clearly indicates on significant decrease in Poland's tourism in March 2020. Occupancy rate declined in about 40% in comparison to data from last year, with fall in air traffic on Polish airports
(resulting from stopping international air links) in about 80-90% in comparison to the same period last year. © 2020 Editura Universitatii din Oradea. All rights reserved. |
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Ladds, Emma, Rushforth, et al |
medRxiv |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
Authors sought to document the lived experience of such patients, their accounts of accessing and receiving healthcare,
and their ideas for improving services. Quality principles for a long COVID service should include ensuring access to care, reducing burden of illness, taking clinical responsibility and providing continuity of care, multi-disciplinary rehabilitation, evidence-based
investigation and management, and further development of the knowledge base and clinical services. |
|
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Lai, Lana Yin Hui, Golozar, et al |
medRxiv |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
The objective of this study was to describe comorbidities, symptoms at presentation, medication use, and 30-day outcomes
after a diagnosis of COVID-19 in pregnant women, in comparison to pregnant women with influenza. Comorbidities that were more prevalent with COVID-19 hospitalization (compared to COVID-19 diagnosed) in pregnancy included renal impairment and anemia. |
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Lee, Jimmy, Venugopal, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
Authors assessed the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of HCWs from developed and developing countries on PPE usage
and heat stress when performing treatment and care. HCWs are cognizant of the effects of heat stress but might not adopt best practices due to various constraints. |
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A Mouse-Adapted SARS-CoV-2 Induces Acute Lung Injury and Mortality in Standard Laboratory Mice |
Leist, SR, Dinnon, et al |
Cell |
Animal model | Modèle animal |
Authors generated and characterized a new mouse-adapted SARS-CoV-2 virus that captures multiple aspects of severe COVID-19
disease in standard laboratory mice. The model promises to provide a robust platform for studies of ALI and ARDS to evaluate vaccine and antiviral drug performance, including in the most vulnerable populations (i.e., the aged) using standard laboratory mice. |
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Human mobility restrictions and inter-provincial migration during the COVID-19 crisis in China |
Li, A, Liu, et al |
Chinese Sociological Review |
Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique |
This study examines the variation in the effects of human mobility restrictions on inter-provincial migration flow
during the COVID-19 outbreak in China. The finding provides important insights for understanding China’s local governmental responses to mobility restrictions and their effects on the spread of COVID-19. |
|
Evaluating Short-term Forecast among Different Epidemiological
Models under a Bayesian Framework |
Li, Qiwei, Bedi, et al |
medRxiv |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
Authors calibrate stochastic variants of growth models and the standard SIR model into one Bayesian framework to evaluate
their short-term forecasts. In summary, it was noted that none of the models proved to be golden standards across all the regions in their entirety, while all outperformed ARIMA in a predictive capacity as well as in terms of interpretability. |
|
Should international borders re-open? The impact of travel restrictions
on COVID-19 importation risk |
Liebig, Jessica, Najeebullah, et al |
medRxiv |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Public health interventions*| Interventions
de santé publique |
We develop a comprehensive framework to model daily COVID-19 importations, considering different travel bans. We quantify
the temporal effects of the restrictions and elucidate the relationship between incidence rates in other countries, travel flows and the expected number of importations into the country under investigation. As a cases study, we evaluate the travel bans enforced
by the Australian government. We find that international travel bans in Australia lowered COVID-19 importations by 87.68% (83.39 - 91.35) between January and June 2020. The presented framework can further be used to gain insights into how many importations
to expect should borders re-open. Authorities may consider the presented information when planning a phased re-opening of international borders. |
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Effects of COVID-19 lockdown on global air quality and health |
Liu, F, Wang, et al |
Science of the Total Environment |
Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique |
Using a novel COVID-19 government response tracker dataset, combining the daily air pollution data and weather data
across 597 major cities worldwide between January 1, 2020, and July 5, 2020, this study quantifies the causal impacts of 8 types of lockdown measures on changes of a range of individual pollutants based on a difference-in-differences design. The results show
that the NO2 air quality index value falls more precipitously (23–37%) relative to the pre-lockdown period, followed by PM10 (14–20%), SO2 (2–20%), PM2.5 (7–16%), and CO (7–11%), but the O3 increases 10–27%. Furthermore, intra/intercity travel restrictions
have a better performance in curbing air pollution. The heterogeneity analysis in terms of different types of cities shows that the lockdown effects are more remarkable in cities from lower-income, more industrialized, and populous countries. We also do a
back-of-the-envelope calculation of the subsequent health benefits following such improvement, and the expected averted premature deaths due to air pollution declines are around 99,270 to 146,649 among 76 countries and regions involved in this study during
the COVID-19 lockdown. |
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MacMullan, MelanieA, Chellamuthu, et al |
medRxiv |
Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes |
We evaluated an antibody detection approach utilizing the OraSure Technologies' Oral Antibody Collection Device (OACD)
and their proprietary SARS-CoV-2 total antibody detection enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We found that the OraSure test for total antibody detection in oral fluid had comparable sensitivity and specificity to serum-based ELISAs while presenting
a more affordable and accessible system with the potential for self-collection. |
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Maechler, F, Gertler, et al |
Clinical Microbiology and Infection |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We describe epidemiological and clinical characteristics and aim at identifying risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 detection
during the first 6 weeks of operation. In this young population, early-onset presentation of COVID-19 resembled flu-like symptoms, except for smell and/or taste dysfunction. Risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 detection were return from regions with high incidence
and contact with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 cases, particularly when tests were administered within the first 2 weeks after contact and/or onset of symptoms. |
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Maghded, HS, Ghafoor, et al |
|
Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes |
A new framework is proposed to detect COVID-19 using built-in smartphone sensors. The proposal provides a low-cost
solution, since most of radiologists have already held smartphones for different daily-purposes. Not only that but also ordinary people can use the framework on their smartphones for the virus detection purposes. Today's smartphones are powerful with existing
computation-rich processors, memory space, and large number of sensors including cameras, microphone, temperature sensor, inertial sensors, proximity, colour-sensor, humidity-sensor, and wireless chipsets/sensors. The designed Artificial Intelligence (AI)
enabled framework reads the smartphone sensors' signal measurements to predict the grade of severity of the pneumonia as well as predicting the result of the disease. |
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Mahajan, Niraj, Gajbhiye, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
This aim of the study was to determine prevalence, associated factors, clinical characteristics, virus clearance and
treatment outcomes of healthcare workers ( HCWs) with COVID-19 in a dedicated tertiary care COVID-19 hospital in India. The prevalence of SARS-CoV2 infection amongst HCWs was observed 11% during the first 5 months of COVID-19 pandemic. Majority of the HCWs
with COVID-19 (85%) were symptomatic and 15% were asymptomatic. The frequency of SARS-CoV-2 infection was higher in Male HCWs (57%) as compared to female HCWs (43%). Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus were the most common co-morbidities reported. |
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Makade, RG, Chakrabarti, et al |
Infectious Disease Modelling |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
In the present work, the influence of Comorbidity and meteorological parameters are investigated for Mortality caused
due to COVID. For this, the most affected city by COVID-19 is considered, i.e., Mumbai, India, as a case study. It was found that Comorbidity is the most influential parameter on the Mortality of COVID-19. The Spearman correlation coefficient for meteorological
parameters lies between 0.386 and 0.553, whereas for Comorbidity was found as 0.964. A regression model is developed using particle swarm optimization to predict the mortality cases for Mumbai, India. Further, the developed model is validated for the COVID-19
cases of Delhi, India, to emphasize the utility of the developed model for other cities. The measured and predicted curve shows a good fit with a mean percentage error of 0.00957% and a coefficient of determination of 0.9828. Thus, particle swarm optimization
techniques demonstrate very high potential for the prediction of Mortality caused due to COVID-19. |
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Predictors of anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland |
Malesza, M, Kaczmarek, et al |
Personality and Individual Differences |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
Factors associated with coronavirus-related anxiety were examined. |
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Use of antivirals and antibiotics for COVID-19 in Mexico City:
A Real-World Multicenter Cohort Study |
Mancilla-Galindo, Javier, Garcia-Mendez, et al |
medRxiv |
Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
We aimed to characterize real-world use of antivirals and antibiotics in patients with COVID-19 and their associations
with mortality in Mexico City. Findings show that oseltamivir was associated with increased mortality or no benefit in all groups. Common antivirals for COVID-19 should be avoided. Antibiotics may increase survival in hospitalized and critical patients. Vaccination
history and rapid differentiation of etiologic agent will be key to promptly initiate or avoid antivirals during the COVID-19-influenza season. |
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Ensemble Machine Learning of Factors Influencing COVID-19 Across US Counties |
McCoy, David, Mgbara, et al |
Research Square prepub |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
In this study, we investigate the most important health, social, and environmental factors impacting both the early
and later phases of COVID-19 transmission and mortality in US counties. Our findings indicate that a more focused approach should be taken when managing COVID-19, by considering features of the economy most responsible for transmission and sectors of society
most vulnerable to infection and mortality. In particular, our results strongly reinforce others pointing to the disproportionate impact of COVID-19 on minority populations. They also suggests that mitigation measures, including rolling out vaccinations as
they become available, will be most efficacious for the US population as a whole when, beyond healthcare workers and first responders, are focused first on the highest-risk communities. |
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CORRELATION BETWEEN SARS-COV-2 ANTIBODY SCREENING BY IMMUNOASSAY
AND NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODY TESTING |
Mendrone-Junior, Alfredo, Dinardo, et al |
medRxiv |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Our goal was to develop a strategy to predict high titers of nAbs based on the results of anti-SARS CoV 2 immunoassays
and the clinical characteristics of the CP potential donors. The results of SARS-CoV-2 immunoassays (S/CO) can be used to predict high nAbs titers of potential CP donors. This study has proposed three different criteria for identifying donors with more than
160 nAbs titer based on either solely S/CO results or S/CO together with clinical variables, all with high efficacy and accuracy. |
|
Meziani, Lydia, Robert, et al |
bioRxiv |
Therapeutics| Thérapeutique Animal model | Modèle animal |
we used airways-instilled lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and influenza virus (H1N1) as murine models of pneumonia, and Toll-like
receptor (TLR)-3 stimulation in human lung macrophages. Low doses RT (0.5-1Gy) decreased LPS induced pneumonia, and increased the percentage of Nerve- and Airway-associated Macrophages (NAMs) producing IL-10. During H1N1 viral infection, we observed decreased
lung tissue damage and immune cell infiltration in irradiated animals. Low doses RT increased IL-10 production by infiltrating immune cells into the lung. Irradiation of TLR-3 ligand-stimulated human lung macrophages ex vivo increased IL-10 secretion and decreased
IFNγ production in the culture supernatant. The percentage of human lung macrophages producing IL-6 was also decreased. Our data highlight one of the mechanisms by which low doses RT regulate lung inflammation and skew lung macrophages towards an anti-inflammatory
profile. These data provide the preclinical rationale for the use and for the optimization of low doses RT in situations such as COVID-19-induced ARDS. |
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Mills, WR, Buccola, et al |
Home Health Care Management and Practice |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We aimed to determine the hospitalization rate and average days spent at home in a population of assisted living (AL)
residents served by a home-based primary care (HBPC) practice during the COVID-19 pandemic. We provided on-site HBPC to 1,699 AL residents and calculated hospitalization rate and days spent at home. The AL population had a mean age of 84 ± 10 years and 73%
were female. The mean hospitalization rate was 449 admissions per 1,000 per year, and there was wide variation among AL communities. AL residents spent a mean of 358 days at home per year, and the average days spent at home varied during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Use of these measures may help AL articulate its value proposition by enabling seniors with complex health needs to live in community settings for as many days as possible. |
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Relation of D-dimer levels of COVID-19 patients with diabetes mellitus |
Mishra, Y, Pathak, et al |
Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research and Reviews |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
This study aims to study D-dimer levels in people with diabetes compared to those without diabetes among patients with
COVID-19 infection. This study shows COVID-19 patients with diabetes had significantly higher D-dimer levels. Therefore, it is possible that COVID-19 infection with diabetes is more likely to cause hypercoagulable state with a worse prognosis. |
|
Mohammadi, R, Salehi, et al |
Journal of Biomedical Physics and Engineering |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection
d'agents pathogènes |
This study aimed to use an automated deep convolution neural network based pre-trained transfer models for detection
of COVID-19 infection in chest X-rays. Our proposed models have been trained and tested on a dataset which previously prepared. The all proposed models provide accuracy greater than 90.0%. The pre-trained MobileNet model provides the highest classification
performance of automated COVID-19 classification with 99.1% accuracy in comparison with other three proposed models. The plotted area under curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristics (ROC) of VGG16, VGG19, MobileNet, and InceptionResNetV2 models are
0.92, 0.91, 0.99, and 0.97, respectively. |
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The important role of in-situ simulation in preparing surgeons for the COVID-19 pandemic |
Montauban, P, Balakumar, et al |
Surgeon |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
The objective of this study was to measure the impact of in-situ simulation on the confidence of the surgical teams
of two hospitals in assessing and managing acutely unwell surgical patients who are high-risk or confirmed to have COVID-19. he level of confidence (VAS score) were statistically significantly higher for all nine questions after the simulation. Specific themes
were identified for further training and changes in policy. In-situ simulation is an effective training method. Its versatility allows it to be set up quickly as rapid-response training in the face of an imminent threat. In this study, it improved the preparedness
of two surgical teams for the challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic. |
|
Mukhopadhyay, Samanwoy, Sinha, et al |
medRxiv |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Comprehensive and unbiased re-analysis of published blood transcriptome data from patients of COVID-19 reveals significant
up-regulation of the gene set functional in NETosis, but no evidence of general cytokine storm. In severe COVID-19 illness, there is significant up-regulation of complement and coagulation pathway, and negative correlation between NETosis and respiratory function
(oxygen saturation). Interestingly, there is an early spike in the level of IL-6 gene expression in severe illness compared to moderate illness. With passing days post-onset, the level of IL-6 expression in severe illness approaches that in moderate illness.
The data are consistent with IL-6 acting as a driver of NETosis in the early phase of severe COVID-19 illness, that results in a vicious cycle of NETosis-complement/coagulation-respiratory dysfunction. This has important consequence for timing of rational
therapy with anti-IL-6 and NETosis inhibitors in severe COVID-19 illness. |
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Munasinghe, S, Sperandei, et al |
Journal of Adolescent Health |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
This study investigated changes in physical activity, dietary behaviors, and well-being during the early period pf
the physical distancing policies in New South Wales (Australia). After the implementation of physical distancing measures in NSW, there were significant decreases in physical activity (odds ratio [OR] = .53, 95% confidence interval [CI] = .34–.83), increases
in social media and Internet use (OR = 1.86, 95% CI = 1.15–3.00), and increased screen time based on participants' smartphone screen state. Physical distancing measures were also associated with being alone in the previous hour (OR = 2.09, 95% CI: 1.33–3.28),
decreases in happiness (OR = .38, 95% CI = .18–.82), and fast food consumption (OR = .46, 95% CI = .29–.73). |
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Tweeting on COVID-19 pandemic in South Africa: LDA-based topic modelling approach |
Mutanga, MB, Abayomi, et al |
African Journal of Science, Technology, Innovation and Development |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
this current study aims to discover what topical issues relating to the pandemic are being discussed by the populace
and what impacts these issues have on compliance with regulations, including how they can aid in the implementation of the measures put in place by the government, as we analyze discussions relating to COVID-19 using data harvested from Twitter–social media
and opinion mining platform. The Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) algorithm was applied for the extraction of noteworthy topics. From the experiments conducted, it was observed that alcohol sale and consumption, staying home, daily statistics tracing, police
brutality, 5G and vaccines conspiracy theories were among the topics discussed and around which attitudes and perceptions were formed by the citizens. The findings also revealed people’s resistance to measures that affect their economic activities, and their
unwillingness to take tests or vaccines as a result of fake news and conspiracy theories. |
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Nachmias, V, Fusman, et al |
IDCases |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We describe the first documented case of Covid-19 reinfection in Israel, in a 20 year old otherwise healthy young woman.
In the first occasion she was mildly symptomatic, whereas the second episode was apparently asymptomatic. |
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Nanda, S, Handa, et al |
American Journal of Emergency Medicine |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
In this brief communication we report four cases of Covid-19 who presented to our hospital with features suggestive
of Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS). |
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Nelson, C, Ishimine, et al |
Journal of Emergency Medicine |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
A 15-year-old girl presented to our Emergency Department (ED) with fevers and malaise. She was diagnosed on her initial
visit with an acute viral syndrome and discharged with a COVID polymerase chain reaction test pending, which was subsequently negative. She returned 3 days later with persistent fever, conjunctivitis, and a symmetric targetoid rash over her palms. She had
no adenopathy, but her erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein were both significantly elevated at 90 mm/h and 19.61 mg/dL, respectively. The patient was then transferred to the regional children's hospital due to a clinical suspicion for MIS-C,
and subsequent COVID-19 immunoglobulin G testing was positive. She had been empirically started on intravenous immunoglobulin in addition to 81 mg aspirin daily. Initial echocardiograms showed mild dilatation of the left main coronary artery, and on repeat
echocardiogram, a right coronary artery aneurysm was also identified. Oral prednisone therapy (5 mg) was initiated and the patient was discharged on a continued prednisone taper. |
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Nelson, KM, Gordon, et al |
Journal of Adolescent Health |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
This study aimed to explore how the COVID-19 pandemic and physical distancing measures have impacted the well-being
and sexual health among adolescent sexual minority males (ASMM) during the initial phase of physical distancing mandates in the U.S. From March 27, 2020, to May 8, 2020, U.S. ASMM (N = 151; aged 14–17 years) completed the online baseline survey of a sexual
health intervention trial. The majority (57%) of participants reported being worried about COVID-19. Almost all (91%) were physically distancing. Participants noted that COVID-19 changed school, home, work, and family life. Participants highlighted that COVID-19
reduced their ability to socialize and had a deleterious effect on their mental health. In the past 3 months, participants reported seeing sexual partners in person less often, masturbating and viewing pornography more often, and sexting and messaging on men-seeking-men
websites/phone applications about the same amount. Many described being physically distanced from sexual partners, and some noted an increase in their use of virtual ways to connect with partners (e.g., video chatting). There were no differences by outness
with an accepting guardian in quantitative or qualitative responses. |
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Nian, G, Peng, et al |
Sustainability (Switzerland) |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
This study analyzes the relationship between COVID-19, travel of residents, Point of Interest (POI), and social activities
from the perspective of taxi travel. The results demonstrated that the number of taxi trips dropped sharply, and the travel speed, travel time, and spatial distribution of taxi trips had been significantly influenced during the epidemic period. The spatial
correlation between taxi trips was gradually weakened after the outbreak of the epidemic, and the consumption travel demand of people significantly decreased while the travel demand for community life increased dramatically. The evaluation score of social
activity is increased from 8.12 to 74.43 during the post-epidemic period, which may take 3-6 months to be fully recovered as a normal period. |
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Is covid-19 a liberal democratic curse? Risks for liberal international order |
Norrlöf, C |
Cambridge Review of International Affairs |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
Covid-19 is the latest blow to the ailing liberal international order, which has faced a series of challenges in the
postwar era. This article traces the global spread of the virus scaled to population and case fatality rates of different countries. Using inferential statistics, I find that liberal democracies have higher case fatality rates than other regime types and offer
some plausible explanations for why. Systemically, I show how the spread of the virus complicates the implementation of policies consistent with liberal international order, potentially destroying the order in which liberal democracies participate. Given the
paucity of the data as well as cross-country reporting differences in a still evolving crisis, these findings provide a first social scientific cut over the first half year of the pandemic rather than a final assessment of its consequences. © 2020 The Author(s).
Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. |
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Nourian, Farshad, Sarabi, et al |
Research Square prepub |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique |
In this paper, we present the results of a study on how the decision-making speed at the national and city levels on
dealing with the spread of the Corona virus has impacted the rate of mortality by means of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Bubble chart. Our findings support the hypothesis that the timing of a government’s decision, either proactive or preemptive, along
with its level of sophistication in urban and social infrastructures, can impact the mortality rate of contagious diseases such as COVID-19. |
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Önmez, A, Gamsızkan, et al |
Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research and Reviews |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
The purpose of this study was to investigate how type 2 DM patients were affected by the lockdown. The research involved
101 type 2 DM patients, 57 men (56.5%) and 44 women (44.5%), with a mean age of 55 ± 13. Patients’ mean pre-lockdown weight was 84.7 ± 16.4 kg, rising to 85.5 ± 16.8 kg post-lockdown, although the increase was not statistically significant (p = 0.781). In
terms of glycemic parameters, Hba1c rose from 7.67 ± 1.76 to 8.11 ± 2.48, and fasting glucose from 157.9 (83–645) mg/dl to 163.2 (84–550) mg/dl, none of which were statistically significant (p = 0.253, p = 0.079, respectively). |
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Increasing incidence of complicated appendicitis during COVID-19 pandemic |
Orthopoulos, G, Santone, et al |
American Journal of Surgery |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
All acute appendicitis admissions (281 patients) between 1/1/2018-4/30/2020 were reviewed. Fifty-four appendicitis
patients were categorized in Group A and thirty-seven in Group B. Those who underwent surgery were compared and revealed a 45.5% decrease (CI: 64.2,-26.7) in uncomplicated appendicitis, a 21.1% increase (CI:3.9,38.3) in perforated appendicitis and a 29% increase
(CI:11.5,46.5) in gangrenous appendicitis. Significant differences in the incidence of uncomplicated and complicated appendicitis were also noted when comparing 2020 to previous years. |
|
Owhonda, Golden, Maduka, et al |
medRxiv |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
Study involved 1,294 adult community residents. Almost all respondents 1,271 (98.2%) had heard about COVID 19. The
three most common sources of information about COVID 19 were radio jingles 1102 (86.7%), television adverts 940 (74.0%) and announcements in Church 612 (48.2%). Overall, 608 (47.0%) of the respondents had poor knowledge of COVID 19. About 1167 (90.2%) of the
respondents who were aware of COVID 19 acknowledged that COVID 19 is a problem in the state while 443 (34.9%) respondents believed they were unlikely contract the virus. Only 505 (39.0%) of the respondents washed all critical parts of the hand correctly. |
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Piepenbrink, MichaelS, Park, et al |
bioRxiv |
Therapeutics| Thérapeutique Animal model | Modèle animal |
The 1212C2 human monoclonal antibodies (hmAbs) exhibits in vivo prophylactic and therapeutic activity against SARS-CoV-2
in hamsters when delivered intraperitoneally, achieving a meaningful reduction in upper and lower respiratory viral burden and lung pathology. Furthermore, liquid nebulized inhale treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infected hamsters with as low as 0.6 mg/kg of inhaled
dose, corresponding to approximately 0.03 mg/kg of lung deposited dose, mediated a reduction in respiratory viral burden that is below the detection limit, and mitigated lung pathology. |
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Pineles, BL, Alamo, et al |
European Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Biology |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We examined risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection and pregnancy outcomes in a universally-tested obstetric cohort admitted
for delivery at a community hospital serving a diverse and predominantly Hispanic population. Of 936 patients who delivered during the 3-month study period, 935 were tested for SARS-CoV-2 and included in the analysis. Overall, 77 (8%) tested positive. Test
positivity (7-day average) increased from 3% in April to a peak of 20% by mid-July. Compared with non-Hispanic patients, Hispanic patients were more likely to be SARS-CoV-2-positive (10.6% vs 5.5%, aRR 1.73, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05–2.85), as were
patients with public insurance compared with private (9.5% vs 2.5 %, aRR 3.11, 95 % CI 1.12–8.64; model included ethnicity and insurance). Other baseline characteristics were similar for SARS-CoV-2-positive compared with -negative patients. Among SARS-CoV-2-positive
patients, 66 (86%) were asymptomatic and 11 were symptomatic (14%). Pregnancy outcomes were similar between groups, including preterm birth and perinatal death. Serious maternal morbidity was rare, and there were no maternal deaths. One neonate (1%) of a symptomatic
mother who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 at 48 h of life remained asymptomatic and was discharged home. |
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Pirau, L, Ottenhoff, et al |
Frontiers in Neurology |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
This article describes the clinical course, radiological findings, and outcome of two patients with the novel 2019
coronavirus disease (COVID-19) who remained comatose for a prolonged duration following discontinuation of all sedation. We conclude that critically-ill COVID-19 patients with prolonged coma following sedation discontinuation may demonstrate imaging features
of ischemic injury in borderzone regions despite the absence of documented sustained hypotension or hypoxia. However, substantial neurological recovery is possible despite these findings. |
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Frequent testing regimen based on salivary samples for an effective
COVID-19 containment strategy |
Plebani, Mario, Aita, et al |
medRxiv |
Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes |
Rapid and accurate diagnostic tests are essential for controlling the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Although the current
gold standard involves testing of nasopharyngeal swabs specimens by nucleic acid amplification test, such as real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) to detect the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), it
presents several limitations that ultimately may translate into a bottleneck in the surveillance regimen. New strategies based on frequent testing using less invasive specimens are urgently needed for containment of the infection. Rapid antigen assay using
saliva as a reliable alternative to nasopharyngeal swabs should be proposed as a valuable part of the overall testing strategy. |
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Pollak, Yehuda, Shoham, et al |
medRxiv |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
To determine factors that predict non-adherence to preventive measures for COVID-19 during the chronic phase of the
pandemic, a cross-sectional, general population survey was conducted in Israel. Sociodemographic, health-related, behavioral, and COVID-19-related characteristics were collected. Among 2055 participants, non-adherence was associated with male gender, young
age, bachelorhood, being employed, lower decrease in income, low physical activity, psychological distress, ADHD symptoms, past risk-taking and anti-social behavior, low pro-sociality, perceived social norms favoring non-adherence, low perceived risk of COVID-19,
low perceived efficacy of the preventive measures, and high perceived costs of adherence to the preventive measures. There appears to be a need for setting out and communicating preventive measures to specifically targeted at-risk populations. |
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Report of a case of coronavirus infection in a renal transplant recipient |
Prendes, SM, García, et al |
Enfermeria Nefrologica |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
A 50-year-old man with unknown CKD and a kidney transplant in 2016 who came to the emergency room due to fever of 38ºC,
cough, rhinorrhea, diarrhea with weight loss and discomfort in a kidney graft in the right iliac fossa. He was diagnosed with COVID-19 after performing a chest X-ray and SARS-CoV-2 PCR. An initial assessment was made using Gordon's functional patterns. Subsequently,
we identify Nursing Diagnoses according to the NANDA taxonomy with their corresponding outcome and intervention criteria. After carrying out the interventions and evaluating the outcome indicators, we observed a decrease in body temperature and respiratory
distress with improvement in the respiratory pattern. Regarding renal function, it has not been significantly altered despite the temporary withdrawal of immunosuppression. The patient was discharged with a renal function similar to the previous one and with
reintroduced immunosuppression. |
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Principato, L, Secondi, et al |
Socio-economic planning sciences |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
This study investigated how food management and consumption habits changed in the daily lives of consumers during the
COVID-19 lockdown. A CAWI questionnaire was administered to a sample of 1078 Italian consumers during the lockdown (March–April 2020). The respondents were asked to self-estimate the percentage of food their households wasted before and during the lockdown
and to explain their food management habits. We focused the analysis on the differences between the food the respondents declared to have wasted before and during lockdown, which revealed that most households threw away less food during the Covid-19 lockdown
compared to the pre-Covid situation. The results indicate that young consumers and people who started implementing good food management practices (shopping list, meal planning etc.) more frequently considerably reduced the food they wasted during lockdown. |
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Analytical parameter estimation of the SIR epidemic model. Applications to the COVID-19 pandemic |
Prodanov, Dimiter |
arXiv |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
The dramatic outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemics and its ongoing progression boosted the
scientific community's interest in epidemic modeling and forecasting. The SIR (Susceptible-Infected-Removed) model is a simple mathematical model of epidemic outbreaks, yet for decades it evaded the efforts of the community to derive an explicit solution.
The present work demonstrates that this is a non-trivial task. Notably, it is proven that the explicit solution of the model requires the introduction of a new transcendental special function, related to the Wright's Omega function. The present manuscript
reports new analytical results and numerical routines suitable for parametric estimation of the SIR model. The manuscript introduces iterative algorithms approximating the incidence variable, which allows for estimation of the model parameters from the numbers
of observed cases. The numerical approach is exemplified with data from the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) for several European countries in the period Jan 2020 -- Jun 2020. |
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Rali, P, O'Corragain, et al |
Journal of Vascular Surgery: Venous and Lymphatic Disorders |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
This study aimed to identify the VTE incidence and early predictors of VTE at our high-volume tertiary care center.
The retrospective cohort study included 147 patients admitted to Temple University Hospital with COVID-19 from April 1, 2020 to April 27, 2020. VTE (pulmonary embolism PE] and deep vein thrombosis DVT]) incidence were identified in the cohort. The VTE and
no-VTE groups were compared by univariable analysis for demographics, comorbidities, laboratory data, and treatment outcomes. Subsequently, multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the early predictors of VTE. 20.9% of all admissions
with a high clinical suspicion of acute VTE had undergone testing for VTE using computed tomography pulmonary angiography and/or extremity venous duplex ultrasonography. The overall incidence of VTE was 17% (25 of 147). Of the 25 patients, 16 had had acute
PE, 14 had had acute DVT, and 5 had had both PE and DVT. The need for invasive mechanical ventilation (adjusted odds ratio, 3.19; 95% confidence interval, 1.07-9.55) and the admission D-dimer level ≥1500 ng/mL (adjusted odds ratio, 3.55; 95% confidence interval,
1.29-9.78) were independent markers associated with VTE. The all-cause mortality in the VTE group was greater than that in the non-VTE group (48% vs 22%; P =.007). Patients with a high clinical suspicion and the identified risk factors (invasive mechanical
ventilation, admission D-dimer level ≥1500 ng/mL) should be considered for early VTE testing. |
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Rangasamy, K, Mehta, et al |
Indian Journal of Orthopaedics |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
This study aimed to assess the changes in the clubfoot treatment practices, Achilles tenotomy methods, and the role
along with the possible impact of teleconsultation during the COVID-19 pandemic. A web-based survey was conducted using a questionnaire prepared on Google forms. The link for this questionnaire was sent to Indian Orthopaedic specialists with a special interest
in clubfoot management via a social messaging platform. 127 eligible responses were analysed. Of them, 67% respondents were in practice for more than 10 years. During the study period, 30.7% of doctors did not perform any casting; 66.9% performed casting in
1–5 cases per week and only 2.4% performed casting in more than five cases per week. A statistically significant difference was noted in the number of doctors who performed casting in less than five cases per week and the doctors who performed casting in more
than five cases per week, before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. 30.7% of doctors deferred doing Achilles tenotomy during the study period, and among those who performed one, a significant number of them avoided tenotomy under general anaesthesia. The COVID-19
pandemic has significantly impacted clubfoot treatment practices during the lockdown period in India. |
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Reynolds, CatherineJ, Swadling, et al |
medRxiv |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Immunology | Immunologie |
The UK COVIDsortium is a longitudinal, London hospital HCW cohort, followed from the time of UK lockdown; weekly PCR,
serology and symptom diaries allowed capture of asymptomatic infection around the time of onset, so duration of immunity could be tracked. A cross-sectional, case-control was conducted. The sub-study of 136 HCW at 16-18 weeks after UK lockdown, with 76 having
had laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 mild or asymptomatic infection. Neutralising antibodies (nAb) were present in 90% of infected HCW sampled after the first wave; titres, likely to correlate with functional protection, were present in 66% at 16-18 weeks.
T cell responses tended to be lower in asymptomatic infected HCW than those reporting case-definition symptoms of COVID-19, while nAb titres were maintained irrespective of symptoms. T cell and antibody responses were discordant. HCW lacking nAb also showed
undetectable T cells to Spike protein but had T cells of other specificities. The findings suggest that the majority of HCW with mild or asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection carry nAb complemented by multi-specific T cell responses for at least 4 months after
mild or asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection. |
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Oral candidiasis in non-severe COVID-19 patients: call for antibiotic stewardship |
Riad, A, Gad, et al |
Oral Surgery |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
This case study described a non‐severe COVID‐19 case with oral candidiasis according to the CARE guidelines. A 47‐years‐old
female patient sought teleconsultation at our private dental clinic (Gharbia, Egypt) due to the appearance of painful white patches on the dorsal surface of the tongue and on the palate. Two weeks before the consultation, the patient suffered from a sore throat,
generalised myalgia and fatigue with intermittent fever; therefore, she underwent a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing for SARS‐COV‐2 which yielded a positive result. Multivitamins and corticosteroids were prescribed by her physician since her infection
was confirmed. While no improvement of her general health condition was observed, the physician added different types of antibiotics, including azithromycin (Zithromax), linezolid (Averozolid) and ceftriaxone (Xoraxon) to her treatment protocol. The prolonged
use of antibiotics is believed to have led to worsening her oral manifestations. There is a possibility of a potentially life‐threatening opportunistic oral infection that had been caused by empirical broad‐spectrum antibiotics prescription in a moderate
COVID‐19 case. |
|
Richmond, CraigS, Sabin, et al |
medRxiv |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Transmission Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
La Crosse County, Wisconsin experienced a substantial SARS-CoV-2 outbreak (2,002 cases in September 2020) that coincided
with the return to in-person instruction at three local academic institutions. Genomic sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 cases in La Crosse during that period found rapid expansion of two viral substrains. Although the majority of cases were among college-age individuals,
from a total of 111 genomes sequenced we identified rapid transmission of the virus into more vulnerable populations. Eight sampled genomes represented two independent transmission events into two skilled nursing facilities, resulting in two fatalities. Our
study highlights the very significant risks imposed by college administrator reopening decisions, not just on college-associated populations, but on vulnerable individuals in surrounding communities. |
|
|
Rodriguez, Jorge, Paton, et al |
medRxiv |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health
interventions*| Interventions de santé publique Vaccine Research| Recherche sur les vaccins |
The authors demonstrate the importance and impact of optimally planning the priorities for vaccine deployment by population
groups using a modified SEIR-type model for the COVID-19 outbreak considering age-related groups. In this work, several strategies are evaluated and compared, in an attempt to approach the most effective possible vaccination priority sequence in an example
case study using demographic and epidemiological data from Spain. Our results show how planning vaccination by priority groups can achieve dramatic reductions in total fatalities (more than 70% in some cases) compared to no prioritisation. The results also
indicate in all cases, for all vaccine effectiveness and coverage values evaluated, that the criteria for groups vaccination priority should not be those with the highest mortality but rather those the highest number of daily person-to-person interactions.
Strikingly, our results show in all cases, that prioritisation of groups with the highest mortality but less social interactions, may lead to significantly larger numbers of final total fatalities, even higher as if no group priorities were established at
all. The explanation, clearly displayed by the mechanistic model, is that vaccination avoids infections that reduce mortality not only from the vaccinated group itself but also from the projected secondary and subsequent infections inflicted on the rest of
the population by those vaccinated in that group. Precisely this amplification effect (exponential nature of the curve) appears to cause the larger reduction in total fatalities if the groups with the most interactions are vaccinated first. |
|
|
Roy, Avik, Gottschalk, et al |
bioRxiv |
Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
We report a novel KepTide(TM) (Knock-End Peptide) therapy that nullifies SARS-CoV2 infection. SARS-CoV2 employs its
surface glycoprotein spike (S-glycoprotein) to interact with angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (ACE-2) receptor for its infection in host cells. Based on our in-silico-based homology modeling study validated with a recent X-ray crystallographic structure (PDB
ID:6M0J), we have identified that a conserved motif of S-glycoprotein that intimately engages multiple hydrogen-bond (H-bond) interactions with ACE-2 enzyme. Accordingly, we designed a peptide, termed as ACIS (ACE-2 Inhibitory motif of Spike), that displayed
significant affinity towards ACE-2 enzyme as confirmed by biochemical assays such as BLItz and fluorescence polarization assays. Interestingly, more than one biochemical modifications were adopted in ACIS in order to enhance the inhibitory action of ACIS and
hence called as KEpTide(TM). Consequently, a monolayer invasion assay, plaque assay and dual immunofluorescence analysis further revealed that KEpTide(TM) efficiently mitigated the infection of SARS-CoV2 in vitro in VERO E6 cells. Finally, evaluating the relative
abundance of ACIS in lungs and the potential side-effects in vivo in mice, our current study discovers a novel KepTideTM therapy that is safe, stable, and robust to attenuate the infection of SARS-CoV2 virus if administered intranasally. |
|
|
A Cross-Domain Approach to Analyzing the Short-Run Impact
of COVID-19 on the US Electricity Sector |
Ruan, G, Wu, et al |
Joule |
Economics | Économie |
As the US begins to gradually resume economic activity, it is imperative for policymakers and power system operators
to take a scientific approach to understanding and predicting the impact on the electricity sector. This first-of-its-kind cross-domain open-access data hub, integrates data from across all existing US wholesale electricity markets with COVID-19 case, weather,
mobile device location, and satellite imaging data. Leveraging cross-domain insights from public health and mobility data, we rigorously uncover a significant reduction in electricity consumption that is strongly correlated with the number of COVID-19 cases,
degree of social distancing, and level of commercial activity. |
|
Šagát, P, Bartík, et al |
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
This study aimed to estimate the effect of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) quarantine on low back pain (LBP)
intensity, prevalence, and associated risk factors among adults in Riyadh (Saudi Arabia). A total of 463 adults (259 males and 204 females) aged between 18 and 64 years and residing in Riyadh (Saudi Arabia) participated in this cross-sectional study. A self-administered
structured questionnaire composed of 20 questions regarding demographic characteristics, work-and academic-related aspects, physical activity (PA), daily habits and tasks, and pain-related aspects was used. The LBP point prevalence before the quarantine was
38.8%, and 43.8% after the quarantine. The LBP intensity significantly increased during the quarantine. The low back was also the most common musculoskeletal pain area. Furthermore, during the quarantine, a significantly higher LBP intensity was reported by
those individuals who (a) were aged between 35 and 49 years old, (b) had a body mass index equal to or exceeding 30, (c) underwent higher levels of stress, (d) did not comply with the ergonomic recommendations, (e) were sitting for long periods, (f) did not
practice enough physical activity (PA), and (g) underwent teleworking or distance learning. No significant differences were found between genders. The COVID-19 quarantine resulted in a significant increase in LBP intensity, point prevalence, and most associated
risk factors. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. |
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Spread of Covid-19 in urban neighbourhoods and slums of the developing world |
Sahasranaman, Anand, Jeldtoft Jensen, et al |
arXiv |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Transmission |
We study the spread of Covid-19 across neighbourhoods of cities in the developing world and find that small numbers
of neighbourhoods account for a majority of cases (k-index~0.7). We also find that the countrywide distribution of cases across states/provinces in these nations also displays similar inequality, indicating self-similarity across scales. Neighbourhoods with
slums are found to contain the highest density of cases across all cities under consideration, revealing that slums constitute the most at-risk urban locations in this epidemic. We present a stochastic network model to study the spread of a respiratory epidemic
through physically proximate and accidental daily human contacts in a city, and simulate outcomes for a city with two kinds of neighbourhoods - slum and non-slum. The model reproduces observed empirical outcomes for a broad set of parameter values - reflecting
the potential validity of these findings for epidemic spread in general, especially across cities of the developing world. We also find that distribution of cases becomes less unequal as the epidemic runs its course, and that both peak and cumulative caseloads
are worse for slum neighbourhoods than non-slums at the end of an epidemic. Large slums in the developing world therefore contain the most vulnerable populations in an outbreak, and the continuing growth of metropolises in Asia and Africa presents significant
challenges for future respiratory outbreaks from perspectives of public health and socioeconomic equity. |
|
Saleh, Sameh Nagui, Lehmann, et al |
medRxiv |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
We examined the online crowdfunding response in the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic in the US. On May 16, 2020,
we extracted all available data available on US campaigns created between January 1 and May 10, 2020 on GoFundMe and identified the subset of COVID-related campaigns using keywords relevant to the COVID-19 pandemic. We explored incidence of COVID-related campaigns
by geography, by category, and over time and compared campaign characteristics to non-COVID-related campaigns after March 11 when the pandemic was declared. We found that there was a substantial increase in overall GoFundMe online crowdfunding campaigns in
March, largely attributable to COVID-related campaigns. However, as the COVID-19 pandemic persisted and progressed, the number of campaigns per COVID-19 cases declined more than tenfold across all states. COVID-related campaigns raised more money, had a longer
narrative description, and were more likely to be shared on Facebook than other campaigns in the study period. Online crowdfunding appears to be a transient stopgap, predicated on the novelty of an emergency rather than the true sustained need of a community.
Rather, crowdfunding activity is likely an early marker for communities in acute distress that could be used by governments and aid organizations to guide disaster relief and policy. |
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Sánchez-Sánchez, JA, Chuc, et al |
|
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
The purpose of this study was to evaluate and map the susceptibility of the risk to Covid-19 contagion in Chetumal,
Mexico, by calibrating and applying a vulnerability model classified into four categories (extremely high, high, moderate and low) using Systems of Geographic Information (GIS) and Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA). The objective refers to the achievement
of a useful tool to help the health sector, local governments, the scientific community and the population in general to identify the best strategies to reduce contagion or restart local activities during quarantine conditions. For this purpose, a methodology
based on GIS-MCDA was developed consisting of four stages and using nine essential criteria selected and evaluated by a transdisciplinary team of doctors and specialists in GIS. The vulnerability model made it possible to identify areas with extremely high
vulnerability located towards the city center and in an area hosted by various service centers. Areas with high vulnerability defined in popular neighborhoods with high and medium degrees of marginalization. Areas with moderate vulnerability located around
the areas of high vulnerability and areas of low vulnerability encompassing the perimeter areas of the city. |
|
|
Saqib, A, Solanki, et al |
Practical Diabetes |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
The aim of our study was to review how COVID-19 infection affects glycaemic control. We retrospectively reviewed case
notes of 55 patients and found no episodes of uncontrolled hyperglycaemia in patients without pre-existing diabetes. Uncontrolled hyperglycaemia was only seen in patients with elevated HbA1c, indicating pre-existing diabetes. |
|
|
Sarver, DylanC, Wong, et al |
bioRxiv |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Animal model | Modèle animal |
This study investigates whether obesity alters expression of Ace2 and Tmprss2 in the lower respiratory tract. Our data
indicate diet- and sex-dependent modulation of Ace2 and Tmprss2 expression in the lower respiratory tract and esophagus fn mice. |
|
|
Sattari, M, Bashirian, et al |
Journal of Research in Health Sciences |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We aimed to evaluate the clinical course and risk factors of pregnant women diagnosed with COVID 19 in Hamadan Province,
west of Iran. About 32% of them had an underlying disease, 32% a history of influenza, and 40% recently traveled to infected areas. About 8% of the women required ICU hospitalization and the average length of hospital stay was 4.04 ± 2.38 and 29% had premature
births. Moreover, 28% of infected mothers had a normal delivery and 20% had a cesarean section. |
|
|
Stay-at-home policy: is it a case of exception fallacy? An internet-based
ecological study |
Savaris, RicardoF, Pumi, et al |
medRxiv |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique |
The objective of this ecological study was to propose a novel approach to assess the association between staying at
home values and the reduction/increase in the number of deaths due to COVID-19 in several regions around the world. After preprocessing the data, 87 regions around the world were included, yielding 3,741 pairwise comparisons for linear regression analysis.
Only 63 (1.6%) comparisons were significant. With our results, we were not able to explain if COVID-19 mortality is reduced by staying as home in ~98% of the comparisons after epidemiological weeks 9 to 34. |
|
Schaefer, ErnstJ, Geller, et al |
medRxiv |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
We assessed data as of September 1, 2020 from our combined laboratories and as reported for selected states and countries
for case, death, and testing rates per 1 million in the population. Our goal was to elucidate potential causes for the large rate differences observed in the United States. Our data indicated that saliva analysis only found about half as many positive cases
than did nasopharyngeal swab analysis. While testing is important, without adequate public health measures, it is unlikely that we will get this pandemic under adequate control until vaccines become available. |
|
|
Schnell, T, Krampe, et al |
Frontiers in Psychiatry |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
The present study aimed to document levels of acute COVID-19 stress and general mental distress in Germany and Austria
during the lockdown and in the weeks thereafter. Scores were higher after than during the lockdown, indicating an ongoing destabilization for a significant part of the population. People who saw a meaning in their lives and who were capable of self-control
reported substantially less mental distress. Meaningfulness and self-control also served as buffers between COVID-19 stress and general mental distress |
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Pediatric COVID-19 case with regard to the family infection chain and the psychosocial context |
Schwarz, S, Steuber, et al |
Clinical Case Reports |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
In this case report the father of an 11‐year‐old girl infects his daughter, who returns to her mother's family before
the father's diagnosis. The daughter endures a 1‐day, mild illness. However, despite close physical contact prior to and during the girl's illness, her mother, stepfather, and 1‐year‐old half‐brother were not infected. |
|
Thermal Effect On The Persistence Of SARS-CoV2 Egyptian Isolates
As Measured By Quantitative RT-PCR |
Seadawy, Mohamed Gomaa, Gad, et al |
medRxiv |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
This study investigates the thermal stability of SARS-CoV-2. Results show that inactivation of the virus and significant
reduction in the ΔCq values begin at 40 C/4h. Complete virus inactivation and loss of ΔCq values were seen at 50 C/6h and 60 C. Tested samples showed no significant difference in thermal stability at any temp/time combinations tested. |
|
Structural stability of SARS-CoV-2 degrades with temperature |
Sharma, Abhimanyu, Preece, et al |
bioRxiv |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
Here we have used atomic force microscopy to examine the structural stability of individual SARS-CoV-2 virus like particles
at different temperatures. We demonstrate that even a mild temperature increase, commensurate with what is common for summer warming, leads to dramatic disruption of viral structural stability, especially when the heat is applied in the dry state. |
|
Pediatric Trauma and the COVID-19 Pandemic: A 12-Year Comparison in a Level-1 Trauma Center |
Sheridan, GA, Nagle, et al |
HSS Journal |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
We sought to describe the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the number of acute pediatric trauma admissions and procedures
performed in a level-I trauma center in Cork University Hospital, Ireland. The COVID-19 pandemic significantly reduced the number of acute traumatic pediatric admissions and procedures performed in our level-I trauma center, likely because of a reduction in
school days. With the reopening of schools, playgrounds, and sporting events, an increase in pediatric trauma admissions is anticipated. |
|
Shi, Lei, Huang, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Therapeutics| Thérapeutique RCT |
We performed a phase 2 randomised, double-blind, and placebo-controlled trial to assess the efficacy and safety of
human umbilical cord-mesenchymal stem cells (UC‑MSCs) to treat patients with severe COVID-19 with lung damage. During follow-up, the patients receiving UC-MSCs exhibited a trend of numerical improvement in whole lung lesions. The 6-minute walk test showed
an increased distance in patients treated with UC-MSCs. Notably, UC-MSCs delivery was well tolerated, with no serious adverse events. |
|
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Virus detection and identification in minutes using single-particle
imaging and deep learning |
Shiaelis, Nicolas, Tometzki, et al |
medRxiv |
Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes |
Here, we present a methodology for virus detection and identification that uses a convolutional neural network to distinguish
between microscopy images of single intact particles of different viruses. Our assay achieves labeling, imaging and virus identification in less than five minutes and does not require any lysis, purification or amplification steps. |
|
Shrestha, B, Neupane, et al |
Kathmandu University Medical Journal |
Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes |
The objective of this study was to find out sensitivity and specificity of the Antigen test kit for COVID-19. Sensitivity
and specificity of the tested was calculated which came out to be 85% and 100% respectively, with accuracy of 93.80%. |
|
|
Singh, S, Sharma, et al |
Drug and Alcohol Review |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
Among other restrictions, India imposed a complete ban of alcohol sales during their nationwide lockdown due to COVID-19.
This study aimed to examine and interpret the changes in online search interest for keywords representing different alcohol-related themes during the lockdown period in India. A significant increase in online search interest for alcohol withdrawal was observed
during lockdown compared to the pre-lockdown period. A significant increase in online search interest for keywords representing benzodiazepines was observed in lockdown. |
|
|
Singkun, A, Payodeuramae, et al |
Walailak Journal of Science and Technology |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
The objectives of this cross-sectional research were to study university students’ knowledge on COVID-19 transmission,
their attitude toward the measures of COVID-19 prevention and control, social responsibility behaviors, and factors association with participants’ social responsibility behaviors. University students had the knowledge of COVID-19 transmission at Moderate level
(50.72 %), and had the attitude of the state measures for COVID-19 prevention and control in High level (81.01 %). Additionally, their social responsibility behaviors for COVID-19 prevention and control were in High level (57.21 %). |
|
|
Somsen, GA, van Rijn, et al |
medRxiv |
Transmission |
We investigate the role of aerosols in the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in public spaces using a handheld particle counter.
In the public spaces investigated by us, aerosol concentrations are approximately 20 to more than a 100 times lower in all ventilated public spaces compared to the poorly ventilated restroom used for the calibration measurements. The characteristic times for
a 50% decrease in aerosol concentration are on the order of one minute in well-ventilated spaces, compared to 4-5 minutes in the poorly ventilated restroom, elevator and living room. |
|
|
Souza, Francis Ribeiro, Motta-Santos, et al |
medRxiv |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We compared physical activity levels before the outbreak and quarantine measures with COVID-19-associated hospitalization
prevalence in surviving patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. Sufficient physical activity levels are associated with a lower prevalence of COVID-19-related hospitalizations. Performing at least 150 minutes a week of moderate-intensity, or 75 minutes a week of
vigorous-intensity physical activity reduces this prevalence by 34.3%. |
|
|
Sruthi, CK, Biswal, et al |
medRxiv |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health
interventions*| Interventions de santé publique |
In this work, we develop a systematic relation between the degrees of NPIs implemented by the 26 cantons in Switzerland
during March 9 to September 13 and their respective contributions to the Rt. Although causal relations are not guaranteed by the model framework, it nevertheless provides a fine-grained justification for the relative merits of choice and the degree of the
NPIs and a data-driven strategy for mitigating Rt. |
|
|
Swami, V, Horne, et al |
Personality and Individual Differences |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
we conducted a preliminary study in which an online sample of adults from the United Kingdom (N = 506, age M = 34.25
years) were asked to complete measures of perceived stress, stressful life events, trait anxiety, COVID-19-related stress and anxiety, and negative body image. The results of hierarchical regressions indicated that COVID-19-related stress and anxiety explained
significant incremental variance in body image outcomes. |
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COVID-CT-Mask-Net: Prediction of COVID-19 from CT Scans Using
Regional Features |
Ter-Sarkisov, Aram |
medRxiv |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection
d'agents pathogènes |
We present COVID-CT-Mask-Net model that predicts COVID-19 from CT scans. The model works in two stages: first, it detects
the instances of ground glass opacity and consolidation in CT scans, then predicts the condition from the ranked bounding box detections. |
|
Tidu, Antonin, Janvier, et al |
bioRxiv |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
Here, we confirm that viral translation is maintained in the presence of NSP1. We suggest that the interaction between
NSP1 and SL1 frees the mRNA accommodation channel while maintaining NSP1 bound to the ribosome. Thus, NSP1 acts as a ribosome gatekeeper, shutting down host translation or fostering SARS-CoV-2 translation depending on the presence of the SL1 5′UTR hairpin.
Therapeutic strategies targeting SL1 should affect viral translation at early and late stages of infection. Therefore, SL1 might be seen as a genuine 'Achille heel' of the virus. |
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COVID-19 in cancer patients can be challenging to screen in a resource limited setting |
Ting, FI, Sacdalan, et al |
Cancer Treatment and Research Communications |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We described here an elderly female with chronic lymphocytic leukemia, who presented with atypical symptoms that were
not directly attributable to COVID-19. This patient was admitted to the non-COVID-19 ward for supportive care. Later, her chest x-ray revealed pneumonia that was confirmed to be COVID-19 by RT-PCR testing several days later. |
|
Tiwari, V |
Heliyon |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
The present study reports a designed novel hybrid antiviral molecule (VTRRT-13.V2.1) against SARS-CoV2 main protease.
A series of different combinations of hybrid antiviral were generated from nonspecific antiviral molecules currently used to control COVID-19. SARS-CoV2 main protease is essential for the survival of this virus; hence, a designed novel hybrid antiviral molecule
(VTRRT-13.V2.1) might be useful to control the infection of COVID-19 infection. |
|
|
Tsoungui Obama, Henri, Christian Junior, et al |
medRxiv |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health
interventions*| Interventions de santé publique |
Here, the simulation model underlying the pandemic preparedness tool CovidSim 1.1 (http://covidsim.eu/) is extended
to investigate the effect of regularly testing of employees in order to protect immobile resident risk groups in closed facilities. The reduction in the number of infections and deaths within the risk group are investigated as well as the potential economic
gain resulting from savings in COVID-19 related treatment costs in comparison to costs resulting from the testing interventions. |
|
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Analysis of COVID-19 Case Fatality Rates in the States and Union Territories of India |
Upadhyay, Ashwini Kumar, Shukla, et al |
Research Square prepub |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
Our objective is to calculate the CFR of all the states/UTs of India and analyse the possible factors behind the disparities
in it. Where the higher Life Expectancy and Test Positive Rates clearly tend to increase CFR, Healthcare Facilities had surprisingly little effect on it. Analyses of various news articles suggested that Comorbidities, Availability of Essential Drugs, Trained
Manpower, Contact Tracings, and Hospital Referral Time were also some of the major factors affecting CFR. |
|
From more testing to smart testing: data-guided SARS-CoV-2 testing
choices |
van Beek, Janko, Igloi, et al |
medRxiv |
Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes |
We present an in-depth analysis of data from drive through testing stations using rapid antigen detection tests (RDTs),
RT-PCR and virus culture, to assess the ability of RDTs to detect infectious cases. We show that the detection limits of five commercially available RDTs differ considerably, impacting the translation into the detection of infectious cases. |
|
Van De L’Isle, Y, Steer, et al |
BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
We examine the differences in detection rate for gestational diabetes (GDM) comparing the methodology recommended by
the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) compared with testing described as appropriate during the Covid‐19 pandemic by the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (RCOG). In our setting, the RCOG Covid‐19 gestational diabetes
screening regime failed to detect 47 of 82 (57%) women subsequently identified as gestational diabetics, and therefore cannot be recommended for general use. |
|
|
van der Valk, JPM, Heijboer, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
The primary aim of this study was to investigate patient characteristics, knowledge of the COVID-19 disease, risk behaviour
and mental state in patients visiting an emergency department in the Netherlands during the COVID-19 pandemic. Working as a health care professional was correlated to a higher risk of SARS-Cov-2 infection. COVID-19 suspected patients and patients with comorbidities
were significantly more anxious. Moreover, the higher the degree of fear, the more carefully hygiene measures were observed. |
|
|
Automated chest radiograph diagnosis: A Twofer for tuberculosis
and Covid-19 |
Verma, Mitusha, Patkar, et al |
medRxiv |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection
d'agents pathogènes |
We study Coronavirus disease (Covid 19) and Tuberculosis (TB) conditions with focus on Artificial Intelligence (AI)
based imaging, the role of digital chest x-ray and utility of end to end platform to improve turnaround times. The paper tries to outline two types of use cases, one is COVID-19 screening in a hospital-based scenario and the other is TB screening project in
mobile van setting and discusses the learning of these models which have both used AI for prescreening and generating structured radiology reports. |
|
Villani, Leonardo, Pastorino, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
This study investigated the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health and psychological well-being of a
sample of Italian university students. Over 90% of respondents reported understanding the preventive measures of the lockdown despite over 70% suffering from the impossibility of seeing their friends and partners. Over 55% of students would have been willing
to contribute much more to facing the pandemic. |
|
|
School closures and SARS-CoV-2. Evidence from Sweden's partial
school closure |
Vlachos, Jonas, Hertegard, et al |
medRxiv |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique |
We connect all students and teachers in Sweden to their families and study the impact of moving to online instruction
on the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19. We find that among parents, exposure to open rather than closed schools resulted in a small increase in PCR-confirmed infections. The results for parents indicate that keeping lower secondary schools open had minor
consequences for the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in society. The results for teachers suggest that measures to protect teachers could be considered. |
|
How to address medicines shortages: Findings from a cross-sectional study of 24 countries |
Vogler, S, Fischer, et al |
Health Policy |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
The aim of this study was to survey national measures to manage and combat shortages of medicines. Some measures have
been introduced since the end of 2019 and countries are planning and discussing further action. While governments reacted by taking national measures, the COVID-19 crisis might serve as an opportunity to join forces in cross-country collaboration and develop
joint (e.g. European) solutions to address the shortage issue in a sustainable manner. |
|
The emergence of inter-clade hybrid SARS-CoV-2 lineages revealed
by 2D nucleotide variation mapping |
Wang, Hai-Long |
bioRxiv |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
I performed whole-genome sequencing on SARS-CoV-2 collected from COVID-19 samples at Mayo Clinic Rochester in mid-April,
2020, generated 85 consensus genome sequences and compared them to other genome sequences collected worldwide. Using this method, I revealed the emergence of inter-clade hybrid SARS-CoV-2 lineages that are potentially caused by homologous genetic recombination. |
|
Applying the electronic nose for pre-operative SARS-CoV-2 screening |
Wintjens, AnneGWE, Hintzen, et al |
Research Square prepub |
Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes |
Proof-of-principle study investigated the possibility to train machine-learning classifiers with an electronic nose
(Aeonose) to differentiate between COVID-19 positive- and negative persons based on volatile organic compounds (VOCs) analysis. 219 participants were included, 57 of which COVID-19 positive. A sensitivity of 0.86 and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 0.92
were found. Adding clinical variables to machine-learning classifier via multivariate logistic regression analysis, the NPV improved to 0.96. |
|
A Multiplexed, Next Generation Sequencing Platform for High-Throughput Detection of SARS-CoV-2 |
Wrana, Jeff, Aynaud, et al |
Research Square prepub |
Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes |
Describe “COVID-19 screening using Systematic Parallel Analysis of RNA coupled to Sequencing” (C19-SPAR-Seq), a scalable,
multiplexed, readily automated next generation sequencing (NGS) platform that is capable of analyzing tens of thousands of COVID-19 patient samples in a single instrument run. |
|
Wu, H, Chen, et al |
|
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
A nationwide survey was distributed to collect data about the workload and productivity of regular work and work from
home considering different types of tasks and occupations. The study was conducted in China. The findings indicate that working from home causes an increase in workload for all participants by three hours per week and a loss of productivity for 38% participants. |
|
|
Wu, QL, Street, et al |
Patient education and counseling |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
Access and past experience with interactive media technologies are strong predictors of cancer patients’ electronic
communication than with clinicians. Adoption of telehealth technology likely depends as much on patients’ relationships with technology as it does their relationships with clinicians |
|
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Clinical Value of Blood Markers to Assess the Severity of Coronavirus Disease 2019 |
Xiao, Liuniu, Ran, et al |
Research Square prepub |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Immunology | Immunologie |
The present study suggested that IL-6, IL-8, CRP and platelet played a critical role in deterioration of COVID-19 with
potential value for monitoring the severity of COVID-19. |
|
Yan, Kexin, Rawle, et al |
bioRxiv |
Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
Describe a simple rapid bioassay for drug screening potential SARS-CoV-2 drug candidates using Vero E6 cells and inhibition
of cytopathic effects (CPE) measured using crystal violet staining. |
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Yasar, H, Ceylan, et al |
Multimedia Tools and Applications |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection
d'agents pathogènes |
In this study, 1.396 lung CT images in total (386 Covid-19 and 1.010 Non-Covid-19) were subjected to automatic classification.
In this study, Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), one of the deep learning methods, was used which suggested automatic classification of CT images of lungs for early diagnosis of Covid-19 disease. |
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Zamzami, N, Koochemeshkian, et al |
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Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection
d'agents pathogènes |
Propose a regression model based on a flexible distribution called shifted-scaled Dirichlet for real-time detection
of coronavirus pneumonia infected patient using chest X-ray radiographs. |
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Zhang, Xiaoning |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
Frontline nurses reported work-related burnout and negative emotions, indicating that resilience is associated with
the effect of negative emotions on nurses’ burnout, which requires attention. It is urgently needed to know how burnout effects on HCWs can be mitigated during COVID-19 pandemic, as well as about the impact of resilience and positive and negative affect on
HCWs with burnout, and how policy makers can deploy resilience interventions to support frontline HCWs. |
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Zhang, Xueyan, Hao, et al |
bioRxiv |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
Evaluated the roles of RNA N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification in SARS-CoV-2. Our methylated RNA immunoprecipitation
sequencing (MeRIP-Seq) analysis showed that SARS-CoV-2 RNA contained m6A modification. Moreover, SARS-CoV-2 infection not only increased the expression of methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) but also altered its distribution. Modification of METTL3 expression
by short hairpin RNA or plasmid transfection for knockdown or overexpression, respectively, affected viral replication. |
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Zhou, Mei, Xu, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Followed up 95 severe/critical patients and 51 mild/moderate ones who recovered from COVID-19 and were discharged from
hospital for 3 months; comparison group included 28 asymptomatic COVID-19 recovered individuals and 42 uninfected healthy donors (HDs).CRP, LDH and D-dimer, three prevalent risk factors for COVID-19 prognosis in the acute phase, did not recover to the level
of uninfected HDs in the convalescence. Immune cells virtually returned to normal levels in patients who recovered from COVID-19, but some pro-inflammatory cytokines, especially chemokines and factors related to vascular injury and angiogenesis, did not return
to the level of HDs, and this was especially true of severe/critical recovered patients. CT of the lungs showed that ground-glass opacity (GGO) still lingered as the main manifestation, followed by strip-like fibrosis. Artificial intelligence (AI) analysis
indicated that the lesions were most prominent in the lower lobe of right lung, and were mainly found in recovered severe/critical individuals. Overall, the recovery status of the patients varied with the severity of the disease. |
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Zhou, Sirui, Butler-Laporte, et al |
medRxiv |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
Identify the genetic determinants of 955 circulating proteins in SARS-CoV-2 uninfected individuals (10,708), retaining
only single nucleotide polymorphisms near the gene encoded by the circulating protein. The study finds, OAS1 is an interferon-stimulated gene that promotes viral RNA degradation. Other potentially implicated proteins included IL10RB. Available medicines, such
as interferon-beta-1b, increase OAS1 and could be explored for their effect on COVID-19 susceptibility and severity. |
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Zinzula, L, Basquin, et al |
Biochemical and biophysical research communications |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
Report the structural and biophysical characterization of the SARS-CoV-2 N C-terminal domain (CTD), on which both N
homo-oligomerization and ssRNA binding depend. Crystal structures solved at 1.44 Å and 1.36 Å resolution describe a rhombus-shape N CTD dimer, which stably exists in solution as validated by size-exclusion chromatography coupled to multi-angle light scattering
and analytical ultracentrifugation. |
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Concept of aromatherapy in boosting psychological immune system against COVID-19 |
Al-Mansour, B, Adraa, et al |
Medicinal Plants |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Anthony Jnr, B, Abbas Petersen, et al |
Enterprise Information Systems |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
SR-MA: this provides a review of extant literature and meta-analysis of 55 VE research articles to present the theoretical
underpinning concept of VE digitalization. |
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SARS-CoV-2 pharmacologic therapies and their safety/effectiveness according to level of evidence |
Baroutjian, A, Sanchez, et al |
American Journal of Emergency Medicine |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Bednarek, A, Klepacz, et al |
Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Bhatia, R, Pedapati, et al |
Journal of Stroke |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
SR: searched Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, and PubMed starting from inception up to May 22, 2020. The association
between stroke and COVID-19 is probably multifactorial including an amalgamation of traditional vascular risk factors, proinflammatory and a prothrombotic state.
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Virology, clinical features
and diagnosis of covid 19: Review analysis |
Bhusal, L, Amgain, et al |
Kathmandu University Medical Journal |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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How can the epidemic curve of COVID-19 in Iran be interpreted? |
Doosti-Irani, A, Haghdoost, et al |
Journal of Research in Health Sciences |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Fournier, H, Kondratova, et al |
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Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Frandsen, SL, Laage-Thomsen, et al |
Acta Sociologica (United Kingdom) |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Structural Basis of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV Antibody Interactions |
Gavor, E, Choong, et al |
Trends in immunology |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Novel research opportunities: An unfortunate small silver lining to COVID-19 |
Grech, V, Cuschieri, et al |
Early human development |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Grech, V, Grech, et al |
Early human development |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Post mortem pathological findings in COVID-19 cases: A Systematic
Review |
Hammoud, Hamed, Bendari, et al |
medRxiv |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
SR: search of electronic databases (PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google scholar, Medrxiv & Biorxiv) was carried out from
December 2019 to August, 15th 2020. Autopsy examination as an investigation tool could help in a better understanding of SARS-CoV-2 pathophysiology, diagnosis, management, and subsequently improving patient care.
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Jovičić, S |
ERA Forum |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Historic plagues and Christian responses: Lessons for the church today? |
Just, B |
Christian Journal for Global Health |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Kunz, Y, Horninger, et al |
Urologe A |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Prevalence of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress during COVID-19 Pandemic |
Lakhan, R, Agrawal, et al |
Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Latsios, G, Synetos, et al |
Hellenic Journal of Cardiology |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Prone positioning of non-intubated patients with COVID-19 - A Systematic
Review and Meta-analysis |
Ponnapa Reddy, Mallikarjuna, Subramaniam, et al |
medRxiv |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
SR-MA: searched PubMed, Embase and COVID-19 living systematic review from December1st 2019 to July23rd 2020. Despite
significant variability in frequency and duration of PP and respiratory supports, PP was associated with improvements in oxygenation parameters without any reported serious adverse events. |
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Schaer, P, Schaible, et al |
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Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Tan, L, Song, et al |
Phytotherapy Research |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Tlayjeh, H, Mhish, et al |
Journal of Infection and Public Health |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
SR-MA: searched Medline, Embase, EBM Reviews, Scopus, Web of Science, and preprints up to July 20, 2020. heterogeneous
and low certainty cumulative evidence based on observational studies and one RCT suggests that CST was not associated with reduction in short-term mortality but possibly with a delay in viral clearance in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 of different severities. |
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What is the evidence for transmission of COVID-19 by children in
schools? A living systematic review |
Xu, Wei, Li, et al |
medRxiv |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
SR-MA: search in MEDLINE, CINAHL, ERIC, Embase, WHO COVID-19 database, medRxiv, The American Academy of Pediatrics
(AAP), The Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health (RCPCH), and Do not forget the bubbles websites with entry date limits from December 2019 to 14 July 2020 There is limited high-quality evidence available to quantify the extent of SARS-CoV-2 transmission
in schools or to compare it to community transmission. Emerging evidence suggests lower IAR and SARS-CoV-2 positivity rate in students compared to school staff.
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Endothelial glycocalyx damage as a systemic inflammatory microvascular endotheliopathy in COVID-19 |
Yamaoka-Tojo, M |
Biomedical Journal |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Acharya, S, Anwar, et al |
IDCases |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Agrawal, V, Yadav, et al |
Indian Journal of Surgery |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Ahmad, Z, Ahad, et al |
Theology and Science |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Thinking about ophthalmology in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic |
Alaimo, F, Tosto, et al |
EuroMediterranean Biomedical Journal |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Allen, MD, Gonzalez, et al |
Journal of Comparative Social Work |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Scientific consensus on the COVID-19 pandemic: we need to act now |
Alwan, NisreenA, Burgess, et al |
The Lancet |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Reconsidering public budgeting after the COVID-19 outbreak: key lessons and future challenges |
Anessi-Pessina, E, Barbera, et al |
Journal of Public Budgeting, Accounting and Financial Management |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Funding and COVID-19 Research Priorities - Are the research needs
for Africa being met? |
Antonio, Emilia, Alobo, et al |
medRxiv |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Ault, MJ, Courtade, et al |
Rural Special Education Quarterly |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Baggaley, J |
Distance Education |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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What is the role of a psychiatrist in the COVID-19 pandemic? |
Baldwin, DS |
Medicine (United Kingdom) |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Barberis, A, Rutigliani, et al |
Br J Surg |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Diabetes virtual clinics: technology-enabled care services (TECS) – the new norm? |
Begg, A |
Practical Diabetes |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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International Listening Post report summary: The world at the dawn of 2020 |
Beland, U, Stuart, et al |
Organisational and Social Dynamics |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Benaderette, S |
Option/Bio |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Berry, K |
Communication Education |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Why do some reports claim that the number of COVID-19 hospitalized smokers is smaller than
expected? |
Bevelacqua, JJ, Masoompour, et al |
Journal of Biomedical Physics and Engineering |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Bevelacqua, JJ, Mehdizadeh, et al |
Journal of Biomedical Physics and Engineering |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Biraglia, A, Gerrath, et al |
Annals of Tourism Research |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Blackmore, J |
Higher Education Research and Development |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Letter to the Editor: “The Neurosurgeon and Medical Professionalism During the COVID-19 Pandemic” |
Bohórquez-Rivero, J, García-Ballestas, et al |
World Neurosurgery |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Working conditions and emotional impact in healthcare workers during COVID-19 pandemic |
Boluarte Carbajal, A, Sánchez Boluarte, et al |
Journal of Healthcare Quality Research |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Making Sense of COVID-19 with Child Patients: From Screen to Screen |
Bonovitz, C |
Psychoanalytic Dialogues |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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The Possible Dual Role of the ACE2 Receptor in Asthma and Coronavirus (SARS-CoV2) Infection |
Branco, ACCC, Sato, et al |
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Bromley-Hesketh, M |
AIMS Journal |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Brucker, MC |
Nursing for Women's Health |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Art markets in crisis: how personal bonds and market subcultures mediate the effects of COVID-19 |
Buchholz, L, Fine, et al |
American Journal of Cultural Sociology |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Buss, D |
Food Technology |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Cahapay, MB |
Disability and Society |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Chadwick, R |
Bioethics |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Coronaviruses and Nature’s Pharmacy for the Relief of Coronavirus Disease 2019 |
Chinsembu, KC |
Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Cook, AlexR, Clapham, et al |
The Lancet Digital Health |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Cuestas, ML, Minassian, et al |
Revista Argentina de microbiologia |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Psychological caring and affection in times of pandemic: Life-affirming political practices |
de Toledo Quadros, LC, da Cunha, et al |
Psicologia e Sociedade |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Neuro-oncology management during the COVID-19 pandemic with a focus on WHO grades III and IV Gliomas |
Denise, B, Wolfgang, et al |
Neuro-oncology |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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dos Santos, MA, de Oliveira, et al |
Psicologia e Sociedade |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Dushianthan, S, Gamboa, et al |
Critical Care and Shock |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Eckert, N |
Deutsches Arzteblatt International |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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The geroscience agenda: Toxic stress, hormetic stress, and the rate of aging |
Epel, ES |
Ageing Research Reviews |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Evans, G |
Hospital Infection Control and Prevention |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Peripheral neuropathy in severe COVID-19 resolved with therapeutic plasma exchange |
Faqihi, F, Alharthy, et al |
Clinical Case Reports |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Severe COVID-19 during pregnancy and the subsequent premature delivery |
Fernandez-Garcia, C, Montaner-Ramon, et al |
Pediatrics and Neonatology |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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A Mentee's Baby Registry: Supporting New Academic Parents in 2020 |
Fertig, EJ |
Cell Systems |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Cardiovascular disease and cardiovascular outcomes in COVID-19 |
Fisher, M |
Practical Diabetes |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Assessing Food Insecurity among US Adults during the COVID-19 Pandemic |
Fitzpatrick, KM, Harris, et al |
Journal of Hunger and Environmental Nutrition |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Copper as a potential adjunct therapy for critically ill COVID-19 patients |
Fooladi, S, Matin, et al |
Clinical Nutrition ESPEN |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Friedland, RP, Haribabu, et al |
EBioMedicine |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Gahan, L, Almack, et al |
Journal of Sociology |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Gamerra, M, de Corso, et al |
Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Gibson, C, Ventura, et al |
Heliyon |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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COVID-19, the food system and the circular economy: Challenges and opportunities |
Giudice, F, Caferra, et al |
Sustainability (Switzerland) |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Telemedicine in Rheumatology at the Advent of the COVID-19 Pandemic |
Gkrouzman, E, Wu, et al |
HSS Journal |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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González-Arnay, E, Martín-Olivera, et al |
Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Gordon, DT |
Food Technology |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Grech, V, Bartolo, et al |
Early human development |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Grills, NJ |
Christian Journal for Global Health |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Rudolf Bauer: China anti-COVID-19 success is closely related with the role TCM played |
Guo, DA, Liu, et al |
Chinese Herbal Medicines |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Guo, M, Joanpere, et al |
Sustainability (Switzerland) |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Hamam, AA, Milo, et al |
Journal of psychiatric research |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Harding, C, Aloysius, et al |
Journal of Neonatal Nursing |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Haslam, J, Redman, et al |
Christian Journal for Global Health |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Havell, R, Jenkins, et al |
Review of Industrial Organization |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Hyde, HB |
AIMS Journal |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Indini, A, Rijavec, et al |
European journal of cancer |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Iqbal, Z, Ho, et al |
Atherosclerosis |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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A Biblical Model for a Christian Hospital in India in the time of COVID-19 |
Ismavel, VA |
Christian Journal for Global Health |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Lid abscess associated with personal protective eyewear in a COVID-19 medical unit |
Janetos, TM, Thyparampil, et al |
Canadian Journal of Ophthalmology |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Artificial and Internet of Healthcare Things Based Alzheimer Care During COVID 19 |
Jesmin, S, Kaiser, et al |
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Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Kemlo, H |
AIMS Journal |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Kheoke, SW, Teo, et al |
JAMA Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Fiscal resilience of Russia's regions in the face of COVID-19 |
Klimanov, V, Kazakova, et al |
Journal of Public Budgeting, Accounting and Financial Management |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Kothapalli, KSD, Park, et al |
Prostaglandins Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Social work practice education and training during the pandemic: Disruptions and discoveries |
Kourgiantakis, T, Lee, et al |
International Social Work |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Impact of COVID-19 on pregnancy and delivery - Current knowledge |
Krupa, A, Schmidt, et al |
Ginekologia polska |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Kumaraswami, S, Pradhan, et al |
AJP Reports |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Practical recommendations for temporary storage of medical wastes during the COVID-19 pandemic |
Lakhouit, A |
Indoor and Built Environment |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Lamprecht, B |
Pneumologe |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Landa, AB |
Christian Journal for Global Health |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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The Implications of COVID-19 for Nonmarket Strategy Research |
Lawton, TC, Dorobantu, et al |
Journal of Management Studies |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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The Labour Market Impacts of the COVID-19: A Global Perspective |
Lee, S, Schmidt-Klau, et al |
Indian Journal of Labour Economics |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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The (un)expected pandemic and its implications for the world of work |
Leite, KC |
Psicologia e Sociedade |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Li, X, Wang, et al |
Sustainability (Switzerland) |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Liaw, N, Liebeskind, et al |
Current Treatment Options in Neurology |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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The institutional machinery of expertise: Producing facts, figures and futures in COVID-19 |
Lidskog, R, Standring, et al |
Acta Sociologica (United Kingdom) |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Lockee, BB |
Educational Technology Research and Development |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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The authors' response to “A more realistic relationship between covid 19 and hemopneumothorax” |
Long, A, Grimaldo, et al |
American Journal of Emergency Medicine |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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The
Lancet's discussion on hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine in patients with COVID-19 |
López Tricas, JM |
European Journal of Clinical Pharmacy |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Biomechanical Issues of Mechanical Ventilation in Covid-19 Therapy |
Luo, M, Ni, et al |
Yiyong Shengwu Lixue/Journal of Medical Biomechanics |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Beef and Pork Marketing Margins and Price Spreads during COVID-19 |
Lusk, JL, Tonsor, et al |
Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Ma, B, Wu, et al |
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Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Ma, K, Wang, et al |
Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Mahmoodpoor, A |
Journal of Cellular and Molecular Anesthesia |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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The COVID-19
pandemic: What we have learned from Thai experiences |
Malathum, K, Malathum, et al |
Pacific Rim International Journal of Nursing Research |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Self-medication during Covid-19 pandemic: challenges and opportunities |
Malik, M, Tahir, et al |
Drugs and Therapy Perspectives |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Mancl, D, Fraser, et al |
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Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Marik, PE, Varon, et al |
Critical Care and Shock |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Separated but Whole: Pursuing Health and Redefining Community amidst COVID-19 |
Millhollin, J |
Christian Journal for Global Health |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Implications of the COVID-19 Pandemic for Gender Equity Issues at Work |
Milliken, FJ, Kneeland, et al |
Journal of Management Studies |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Montesi, M |
Journal of Librarianship and Information Science |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Navigating COVID-19 in higher education: the significance of solidarity |
Mose, L |
Communication Education |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Covid-19 pandemic – role of technology in transforming business to the new normal |
Nah, FFH, Siau, et al |
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Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Nania, A, Catalina, et al |
EuroMediterranean Biomedical Journal |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Nguyen, TTP, Nguyen, et al |
Frontiers in Public Health |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Is COVID-19 the end of US hegemony? Public bads, leadership failures and monetary hegemony |
Norrlöf, C |
International Affairs |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Ovali, F |
Medeniyet Medical Journal |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Palumbo, R, Manna, et al |
TQM Journal |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Pan, L, Wang, et al |
ACS Materials Letters |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Pandey, S, Pathak, et al |
Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research and Reviews |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Park, J, Chung, et al |
World Development |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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World-Beating? Testing Britain's Covid Response and Tracing the Explanation |
Paton, C |
Health Economics, Policy and Law |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Dietary recommendations for patients with chronic kidney disease and sars-cov-2 infection |
Pérez-Torres, A, Caverni-Muñoz, et al |
Enfermeria Nefrologica |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Piccirillo, MC, Ascierto, et al |
Contemporary Clinical Trials |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Pillay, J |
Transformation |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Diagnose
und Triage bei SARS-CoV-2-Verdacht: Helfen uns Symptome und klinische Zeichen? |
Plate, A, Neuner-Jehle, et al |
Zeitschrift fur Allgemeinmedizin |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Poppe, K |
EuroChoices |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Missing voices: the absence of women from Italy’s Covid-19 pandemic response |
Priola, V, Pecis, et al |
Gender in Management |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Telepsychiatry During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Development of a Protocol for Telemental Health Care |
Ramalho, R, Adiukwu, et al |
Frontiers in Psychiatry |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Rani, U, Dhir, et al |
Indian Journal of Labour Economics |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Strengths-based actions to enhance wellbeing in the time of COVID-19 |
Rashid, T, McGrath, et al |
International Journal of Wellbeing |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Stadium attendance demand during the COVID-19 crisis: early empirical evidence from Belarus |
Reade, JJ, Schreyer, et al |
Applied Economics Letters |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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The consequence of COVID-19: How the United States moved from security provider to security consumer |
Reich, S, Dombrowski, et al |
International Affairs |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Faith in Internationalism: Covid-19 and the International Order |
Ross, KR |
Transformation |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Saffar Kohneh Quchan, AH, Kordi, et al |
Asian Journal of Sports Medicine |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Indirect and potential impacts of the covid-19 pandemic on the public health |
Saghafipour, A |
Journal of Research in Health Sciences |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Samir, M |
Current Pediatric Research |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Sawyer, MR, Jaffe, et al |
AJP Reports |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Schwartzman, R |
Communication Education |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Hospital Readiness for COVID-19: The Scenario from India with Suggestions for the world |
Seshadri, MS, John, et al |
Christian Journal for Global Health |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Shahid, Osama, Nasajpour, et al |
arXiv |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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The significance of hyperglycaemia and other comorbidities during the COVID-19 pandemic |
Shaw, K |
Practical Diabetes |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Singh, LK, Tikka, et al |
Asia-Pacific Psychiatry |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Sloan, AE |
Food Technology |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Spink, MJP |
Psicologia e Sociedade |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Stellato, P, Granata, et al |
BMJ Paediatrics Open |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Stenhoff, DM, Pennington, et al |
Rural Special Education Quarterly |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Relationship between COVID-19 and liver diseases: The role of hepatologists in clinical practice |
Sumida, Y, Kimoto, et al |
Acta Hepatologica Japonica |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Swain, Kelley |
The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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The saga of an anaesthesiologist: frontline COVID‐19 warrior |
Syal, R, Kumari, et al |
Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Government's policy, citizens' behavior, and COVID-19 pandemic |
Takagi, H |
Journal of medical virology |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Choice behavior of commuters' rail transit mode during the COVID-19 pandemic based on logistic
model |
Tan, L, Ma, et al |
Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering (English Edition) |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Brazilian housemaids and COVID-19: How can they isolate if domestic work stems from racism? |
Teixeira, JC |
Gender, Work and Organization |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Thaden, JT, Maskarinec, et al |
Clinical Microbiology and Infection |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Regular Health Screenings and Immunizations Are Essential, Despite COVID-19 |
Thomas, SL |
Journal for Nurse Practitioners |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Tripathi, S |
Business and Human Rights Journal |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Tsuyuki, RT, Watson, et al |
Canadian Pharmacists Journal |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Surviving a strong typhoon in the midst of covid-19 pandemic: The case of
the philippines |
Tudy Randy, A, Niez Alex, et al |
Disaster Advances |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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The experiences of traditional craftsmanship in the process of covid-19 pandemic |
Tüzel, B |
Milli Folklor |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Villegas, CM |
American Journal of Cultural Sociology |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Wall, G, Hale, et al |
International Journal of Art and Design Education |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Walzer, C |
Frontiers in Veterinary Science |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Wee, LE, Sim, et al |
Clinical Microbiology and Infection |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Is the 2019 novel coronavirus related to a spike of cosmic rays? |
Wickramasinghe, NC |
Advances in Genetics |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Wood, G |
AIMS Journal |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Woodruff, TM, Shukla, et al |
Trends in immunology |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Wu, BY, Chan, et al |
Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Yang, Q, Xu, et al |
Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Yenigun, A, Ozturan, et al |
Journal of the American College of Surgeons |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Yin, Qian, Wang, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Appendix: Process and definitions.
A daily search for new publications is conducted in PubMed, Scopus,
BioRxiv and MedRxiv, SSRN,
Research Square,
arXiv for all publications related to COVID-19 disease or SARS-CoV-2 using the search terms (COVID-19 OR SARS-CoV-2
OR "novel CoV" OR "novel coronavirus" OR nCoV) adapted to each database. The capture is cross-referenced with publication announcements on the COVID-19 dashboards set up by a number of publishers and google. Publishers include
Lancet,
Elsevier,
The New England Journal of Medicine,
BMJ, Wiley,
Springer Nature, ChinaCDCweekly.
Additionally the database is cross-referenced with other literature scans and activities by collaborators. Members of the Emerging Sciences group examine and shorten the abstract or develop 1 -2 point summaries of each publication. Please email Lisa
Waddell for additional information: Lisa.Waddell@canada.ca.
References are compiled in a reworks database that has citations since the beginning of the outbreak. All references can be accessed at this
link and by the categories listed below. The daily scan has also been compiled in an excel sheet and copies can be provided upon request or
accessed
here.
Category Definitions:
Modelling/ prediction: Predictive modeling is a process that uses data mining and probability to forecast outcomes. Each model is made up of a number of predictors, which are variables that are likely
to influence future results.
Epidemiology: the branch of medicine which deals with the incidence, distribution, and possible control of diseases and other factors relating to health. Includes Ro,
attack rates, case number doubling time, case fatality rate, serial interval, clinical attack rate, asymptomatic fraction, proportion of asymptomatic and infective*
Transmission: The passage of a pathogen causing communicable disease from an infected host to an uninfected host via direct or indirect routes.
Clinical data of cases: Includes clinical parameters such as incubation period, latent period, period of communicability, duration of illness, duration of hospitalization, host risk factors, as well
as clinical profiles of patients; presenting symptoms, symptoms over course of illness, sequelae, comorbidities.*
Surveillance: Public health surveillance is the continuous, systematic collection, analysis and interpretation of health-related data. Surveillance data will likely be number of cases suspected/confirmed,
number of deaths, number recovered. *
Coronavirology: All research relating to the virus; its characteristics, genetic make-up, phylogenetic analyses
Diagnostics / Pathogen detection:
All studies on identification of the virus; culture, PCR, antibody/antigen tests etc.
Therapeutics: Studies of substances that may be used to treat infected hosts including passive immunization products.
Vaccine Research: Studies of vaccine candidates to prevent infection with 2019-nCoV including clinical trials.
Public Health Priorities: These citations will focus on what the current research priorities are and/or where knowledge gaps exist.
Public Health interventions*:
Any study evaluating how effective a public health intervention is or maybe (in the case of a predictive model).
Public Health response:
These papers are typically overviews of past and current activities, they often also identify knowledge gaps and suggest future activities or objectives.
Infection Prevention and Control/
Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI): Any research on the effectiveness of IPC interventions should also be tagged as IPC
Health care Response: This foci would include a description of activities to deal with 2019-nCoV cases including, but not limited to: set up of a special emergency multi-disciplinary intensive care team; Bed and medical equipment
preparation/ stock piling supplies; Education and training of staff; Early case recognition and classification of disease severity.
Economics: papers discussing/ forecasting the economics of COVID-19 pandemic.
Immunology: the study of the immune system and includes serology studies in conjunction with other foci (e.g. epidemiology or diagnostics)
Animal Model:
An animal model is a living, non-human, often genetic-engineered animal used during the research and investigation of human disease, for the purpose of better understanding the disease
process without the added risk of harming an actual human.
Zoonotic:
all literature discussing the transmission to and from or occurrence of naturally acquired SARS-COV-2 infection in animals.
Review Literature: All articles that summarize the published literature can be tagged as a review. This includes systematic review, meta-analysis, scoping review, overviews, umbrella reviews*
Commentary/Editorial: For commentaries, editorials, letters to the editor, other types of opinion pieces where there is no new data collected by the author or analysis conducted by the author, please tag these within the commentary
category.
News articles that have not scientific information.
*Lists are not exhaustive
Annexe: Processus et définitions.
Une recherche quotidienne des nouvelles publications est effectuée dans PubMed, Scopus,
BioRxiv and MedRxiv,
SSRN,
Research Square,
arXiv
pour toutes les publications relatives à la maladie COVID-19 ou au SRAS-CoV-2 en utilisant les termes de recherche (COVID-19 OU SARS-CoV-2 OU « novel CoV » OU « novel coronavirus » OU nCoV). La saisie renvoie à des annonces de publication
sur les tableaux de bord du nCoV mis en place par un certain nombre d'éditeurs et par Google. Parmi les éditeurs figurent
Lancet,
Elsevier,
The New England Journal of Medicine,
BMJ,
Wiley,
Springer Nature,
ChinaCDCweekly. En outre, la base de données renvoie à d'autres survols de publications, et à des activités des collaborateurs.
Les membres du groupe scientifique émergent préparent des résumés en 1 ou 2 points de chaque publication. Pour en savoir plus, veuillez envoyer un courriel à Lisa Waddell au :
Lisa.Waddell@canada.ca.
Les références sont compilées dans une base de données Refworks qui contient des citations depuis le début de l'épidémie. Toutes les références sont accessibles à partir de ce
lien et par les catégories énumérées ci-dessous. L'analyse quotidienne a également été compilée
dans une feuille Excel et des copies peuvent être fournies sur demande ou consultées
ici.
Définitions des catégories :
Modélisation / prédiction : La modélisation prédictive est un processus qui utilise l'exploration de données et la probabilité pour prévoir les résultats.
Chaque modèle est composé de plusieurs prédicteurs, qui sont des variables susceptibles d'influencer les résultats futurs.
Épidémiologie :
Branche de la médecine qui traite de l'incidence, de la répartition et du contrôle éventuel des maladies et d'autres facteurs liés à la santé. Comprend le taux de reproduction de base (Ro), les taux d'attaque,
le temps de doublement du nombre de cas, le taux de létalité, l'intervalle sériel, le taux d'attaque clinique, la fraction asymptomatique, la proportion de cas asymptomatiques et infectieux*.
Transmission :
Passage d'un agent pathogène causant une maladie transmissible d'un hôte infecté à un hôte non infecté par des voies directes ou indirectes.
Données cliniques
des cas : Comprend les paramètres cliniques tels que la période d'incubation, la période de latence, la période de contagiosité, la durée de la maladie, la durée de l'hospitalisation, les facteurs de risque de l'hôte, ainsi que
les profils cliniques des patients; les symptômes présentés, les symptômes au cours de la maladie, les séquelles, les comorbidités.*
Surveillance : La surveillance de la santé publique est la collecte, l'analyse et l'interprétation continues et systématiques de données relatives à la santé.
Les données de surveillance concerneront probablement le nombre de cas suspects / confirmés, le nombre de décès, le nombre de personnes guéries. *
Coronavirologie : Toutes les recherches relatives au virus, ses caractéristiques, sa constitution génétique et les analyses phylogénétiques.
Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes : Toutes les études sur l'identification du virus : culture, PCR, tests de dépistage d'anticorps ou d’antigènes,
etc.
Thérapeutique :
Étude des substances pouvant être utilisées pour traiter les hôtes infectés, y compris les produits d'immunisation passive.
Recherche sur les vaccins : Études des candidats à la vaccination pour prévenir l'infection par le 2019-nCoV, y compris des essais cliniques.
Priorités de santé publique :
Ces citations porteront sur les priorités actuelles de recherche et/ou sur les lacunes dans les connaissances.
Interventions de santé publique* :
Toute étude évaluant l'efficacité (réelle ou possible) d'une intervention de santé publique (dans le cas d'un modèle prédictif).
Réponse de la santé publique :
Ces articles sont généralement des aperçus des activités passées et actuelles, qui identifient souvent les lacunes dans les connaissances et suggèrent des activités ou des objectifs futurs.
Prévention et contrôle des infections/Infection Prevention and Control (PCI/IPAC) :
Les recherches sur l'efficacité des interventions en PCI doivent également être marquées comme PCI.
Réponse des soins de santé :
Ce point comprendrait une description des activités pour traiter les cas de 2019-nCoV, notamment : mise en place d'une équipe multidisciplinaire spéciale de soins intensifs d'urgence; préparation des lits et des équipements médicaux
/ stockage des fournitures; sensibilisation et formation du personnel; reconnaissance précoce des cas et classification de la gravité de la maladie.
Immunologie : l'étude du système immunitaire et comprend des études sérologiques en conjonction avec d'autres foyers (p. ex. épidémiologie ou diagnostic)
Modèle
animal:
Un modèle animal est un animal vivant, non humain, souvent génétiquement modifié, utilisé lors de la recherche et de l'investigation des maladies humaines, dans
le but de mieux comprendre le processus de la maladie sans risque supplémentaire de nuire à un humain réel.
Zoonotic:
all literature discussing the transmission to and from or occurrence of naturally acquired SARS-COV-2 infection in animals.
Économie: documents discutant / prévoyant l'économie de la pandémie de COVID-19
Revue de la documentation :
Tous les articles qui résument les documents publiés peuvent être marqués comme une revue. Cela comprend les revues systématiques, les méta-analyses, les études de la portée, les aperçus, les examens généraux*.
Commentaires/Éditorial : Pour les commentaires, éditoriaux, lettres à la rédaction, autres types d'articles d'opinion pour lesquels aucune nouvelle donnée n'est collectée ou aucune
analyse n'est effectuée par l'auteur, veuillez les marquer dans la catégorie des commentaires.
journaux Articles de presse qui n'ont pas d'informations scientifiques.
* Les listes ne sont pas exhaustives