Subject: Daily Scan of COVID-19 Scientific Publications / survol journalier des publications scientifiques du COVID-19, 2020-10-07

Good afternoon,

There are 979 citations in today’s scan. 537 were considered primary research or review literature.

Highlights today include:

CANADA

· Charbonneau and Doberstein presents the results of three surveys all conducted during the onset of the COVID‐19 pandemic in Canada that compare public servant (n = 346) and citizen (n = 1,008 phone; n = 2,001 web) attitudes to various cutting‐edge digital surveillance tools that can be used in the public sector to monitor employee work patterns, often targeted toward remote working conditions. Their surveys show that public servants and citizens similarly find these emerging work surveillance technologies to be quite intrusive and unreasonable, but both groups show greater tolerance for digital surveillance over physical surveillance practices.

· Tang et al. This Canadian study aimed to track the early course of the pandemic by examining self-reported COVID symptoms over time before testing became widely available. 5.6% were COVID symptom-positive; highest rates were at ages 18-44 years (8.3%), declining at older ages. Females had higher odds of reporting COVID symptoms (OR = 1.32) as did visible minorities (OR = 1.74). COVID symptom positivity for respondents and their household members peaked in March (OR = 1.93) compared to earlier months.

PUBLIC HEALTH INTERVENTION

· Bays et al (preprint) demonstrate via modelling that requiring all travellers to undergo 5 days of self-isolation on arrival, after which they are tested again, has the potential to increase rate of detection to 81.7% for travellers infected with COVID-19. Extending the period of self-isolation to 14 days increases the potential detection rate to 99.5%.

· Haynes et al. presented a comparison of the COVID-19 infections between a selected pair of neighbouring states and their border county regions where the policies of the Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions (NPI) differ. Based on the Diff-in-Diff model output, state policies appear to make a significant difference in some of these specific border regions, at least early in the pandemic (April-June 2020). State-level results are mixed, reflecting spatial heterogeneity across the inter-state system.

TRANSMISSION

· Epperly et al., uses measured estimates of SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza A in air (obtained from the published literature), Influenza A challenge doses, ASHRAE Office Ventilation standards, and an Outdoor Air Exchange model to estimate exposure times and levels leading to infection potential in various indoor and outdoor settings. The calculated estimates predict most outdoor settings with a breeze as low as a mild 3 mph are likely to result in no or minor levels of infection. The authors also  provide quantified infection exposure risks in different indoor settings.

SEROPREVALENCE

· Tan et al. examined, using ELISA, the IgG antibodies in serum specimens collected from 17 COVID-19 patients at 6-7 months after diagnosis and compared the results to those from cases investigated 2 weeks to 2 months post-infection. All samples were positive for IgGs against the S- and N-proteins of SARS-CoV-2. Notably, 14 samples available at 6-7 months post-infection all showed significant neutralizing activities. In 10 blood samples from cases at 6-7 months post-infection used for memory T-cell tests, we found that interferon γ-producing CD4(+) and CD8(+) cells were increased upon SARS-CoV-2 antigen stimulation. Together, these results indicate that durable anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunity is common in convalescent population, and vaccines developed from 614D variant may offer protection from the currently predominant 614D variant of SARS-CoV-2.

EPIDEMIOLOGY

· Otte Im Kampe et al analysed national surveillance system data on COVID-19 school outbreaks during different time periods in Germany. After reopening, smaller outbreaks (average: 2.2/week) occurred despite low incidence in the general population.

· Sun et al. To increase public awareness of exposure risks in daily activities, we propose a probability model to implement in a web-based system and make in-time community exposure risk estimation during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. We define exposure risk to mean the probability of people meeting potential cases in public places such as grocery stores, gyms, libraries, restaurants, coffee shops, offices, etc. Our model has three inputs: the real-time number of active and asymptomatic cases, the population in local communities, and the customer counts in the room. The score successfully shows early sign of outbreaks in COVID hot spots like Navajo Nation, New York, Georgia and Louisiana

· Stokes et al. (preprint) explored associations between nine non-pharmaceutical interventions implemented in 130 countries with daily deaths per million. After adjusting for multiple concurrent interventions and confounders, and accounting for both timing and strictness of interventions, earlier and stricter school and workplace closures were associated with lower Covid-19 mortality rates. Only controlling for strictness international travel controls, and only controlling for timing later restrictions on gatherings, were also associated with lower Covid-19 mortality. Other interventions, such as stay-at-home orders or restrictions on public transport, were not significantly associated with differences in mortality rates across countries.

· Robinson et al. conducted a study to understand the effects of asthma and COVID-19 outcomes. This multi-center matched cohort study used data from a large Boston-based healthcare system. Primary outcomes of interest were hospitalization, mechanical ventilation, and death. Among 562 asthma patients, 199 (21%) were hospitalized, 15 (3%) received mechanical ventilation, and 7 (1%) died. Among the 2686 matched comparators, 487 (18%) were hospitalized, 107 (4%) received mechanical ventilation, and 69 (3%) died. The findings suggest that asthma was associated with comparable risk of hospitalization and mechanical ventilation but a lower risk of mortality.

· Meo et al. This study aims to investigate the impact of heat and humidity on the daily basis incidence and mortality due to COVID-19 pandemic in European countries. Increase in relative humidity was associated with a decrease in the number of daily cases and deaths, however, a rise in temperature was allied with an upsurge in the number of daily cases and daily deaths due to COVID-19 pandemic in European countries.

· Huang et al. reported a patient with COVID-19 who satisfied the criteria for discharge (absence of clinical symptoms, substantial improvement of an acute exudative lesion on CT images, and two consecutively negative RT-PCR test results) having a fever, CT findings and positive RT-PCR test results five days later. These findings indicated that at least a proportion of recovered patients might still carry the virus.

· Thompson et al aimed to explore the transmission of COVID-19 in a U.S. state psychiatric hospital setting. Symptomatic and asymptomatic patients were tested throughout a large psychiatric hospital to determine penetrance. The hospital followed initial Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) guidelines. Findings reveal that a high percentage of patients can become positive for COVID-19 despite following initial CDC guidelines. As such, use of masks by all patients in close-quarter settings prior to the first positive case appears warranted. Recent CDC guidelines align with this strategy.

· Naeem et al investigated the association between exposure of a population to MERS-CoV and mortality rate due to SARS-CoV-2 across different countries. Results showed a significantly lower number of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) deaths per million (deaths/M) of a population in countries that are likely to be exposed to MERS-CoV.

· Fort, et al. demonstrate the application of a practical, locally informed model to estimate the hospital capacity needed even though the community COVID-19 caseload was unknown. Initially, the observed ICU census trended near R0=2.0, whereas the ventilator census trended between R0=2.0 and 3.0. After implementing social distancing, both the ICU and ventilator capacity trended toward R0=1.3, while non-ICU medical/surgical beds trended toward R0=1.5. When disease testing is limited or results are delayed, ICU admissions data can inform SIR models of the rate of spread of COVID-19 in a community.

CLINICAL DATA

· Bonifácio et al report a case with clinical, epidemiological and laboratorial evidence of, not only reinfection by SARS-CoV-2, but also clinical recurrence of Covid-19.

· Jiang et al.  We aimed to characterise the clinical features and immune responses of asymptomatic and symptomatic patients infected with SARS‐CoV‐2. Asymptomatic and symptomatic patients exhibited different kinetics of IgG/IgM responses to SARS‐CoV‐2. Asymptomatic patients may transmit SARS‐CoV‐2, highlighting the importance of early diagnosis and treatment.

DIAGNOSTICS

· Scarlata and Yerramilli describe a fluorescent sensor (i.e. molecular beacons) designed to detect COVID-19 RNA, or any RNA of interest, without the need for amplification. The COVID-19 beacon is completely quenched in its native form and undergoes a 50-fold increase in fluorescence when exposed to nanomolar amounts of synthetic viral oligonucleotide. Beacons can be attached to an insert matrix allowing their use in concentrated form and can be made from morphilino oligonucleotides that are resistant to RNases. Also analyzed parameters that will allow the development of test strips to detect virus in aerosol, body fluids and community waste.

· Ku et al. Self-collected saliva tests and buccal swabs have only moderate agreement with HCW collected NPS swabs. Primary screening for SARS-CoV-2 may be performed with a saliva test or buccal swab, with a negative test warranting a confirmatory NPS to avoid false negatives. This combined strategy minimizes discomfort and reduces the risk of spread to the community and HCWs.

· Turbett et al evaluate three Commercial SARS-CoV-2 Serologic Assays and their Performance in Two-Test Algorithms. They found the two nucleocapsid antibody tests (Abbott IgG and Roche total antibody) outperformed a spike protein antibody test (Diasorin IgG). Pairing two different serologic tests in a two-test algorithm improves PPV compared with the individual assays alone, while maintaining NPV.

CORONAVIROLOGY

· Cordero et al. used the integrative genomics (IG) approach to identify candidate genes responsible for COVID-19 and its severity. The authors found that 20 genes in the lung and 31 genes in blood were associated with COVID-19. Plasma ABO protein, which is associated with blood type in humans, demonstrated a significant causal relationship with COVID-19 in MR analysis; increased plasma levels were associated with an increased risk of having COVID-19 and risk of severe COVID-19.

HEALTHCARE RESPONSE

· Dugani et al. surveyed staff at Mayo Clinic sites in four US states to determine psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Internal Medicine hospitalists. Study findings suggest, during the COVID-19 pandemic, the surveyed Internal Medicine hospitalists reported lower global well-being, higher anxiety and social isolation, and a small decrease in emotional support.

· Wang et al survey the intention of nurses to accept coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination and change of intention to accept seasonal influenza vaccination during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. They found with a low level of COVID-19 acceptance intentions and high proportion of hesitation in both influenza and COVID-19 vaccination, evidence-based planning are needed to improve the uptake of both vaccinations in advance of their implementation.

Regards,

Lisa Waddell, Tricia Corrin, Rukshanda Ahmad, Robyn Odell, Maribeth Mitri, Julie Theriault, Dobrila Todoric, Alejandra Dubois, Austyn Baumeister, Anam Khan, Musaab Younis, Lien Mi Tien, Dima Ayache, Angela Sloan, Kaitlin Young, Chatura Prematunge, Ainsley Otten, Irene Yong, Drew Greydanus, Shalane Ha, Alex Gilbert, Jessie Varga, Vanessa Zubach, Meenu Sharma, Kristyn Burak

Focus areas: Modelling/ prediction, Epidemiology, Transmission, Clinical data, Surveillance, Coronavirology, Diagnostics / Pathogen detection, Therapeutics, Vaccine Research, Public health interventions, Public Health response, Public Health Priorities, IPAC, Health care response, immunology, economics, animal model, zoonoses, Review Literature, Commentary/Editorial, news

Domaines cibles: Modélisation/prédiction, Épidémiologie, Transmission, Données cliniques, Surveillance, Coronavirologie, Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes, Thérapeutique, Recherche sur les vaccins, Interventions de santé publique, Priorités de santé publique, PCI, Réponse des soins de santé, immunologie, économie, modèle animal, zoonoses, Revue de littérature, Commentaire/Éditorial, journaux

PUBLICATIONS	AUTHORS / AUTEURS	SOURCE	FOCI / DOMAINE	SUMMARY / SOMMAIRE
Awareness about the role of social media during COVID19 among general public of Chennai-a questionnaire survey	Aathira,  CM,  Geetha, et al	International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	Even before the authorised announcement of Covid19, the use of mask and hand sanitizers was at a hike due to the panic caused by social media regarding the outbreak. A cross sectional survey was conducted to assess the knowledge of the public on social media on the pandemic COVID 19. The sample size chosen for the study was hundred people from the Chennai district. It is clear that the majority of the population are aware about the role of social media during covid-19 and also the spread of misinformation through the same media platform. From the results obtained it can be concluded that the population involved in this study is aware about the role of social media during covid-19.
Diagnostic value of abdominal sonography in confirmed COVID-19 intensive care patients	Abdelmohsen,  MA,  Alkandari, et al	Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Although there are multiple articles evaluated the imaging findings in HRCT of COVID-19 patients that helped in understanding the disease course and potential complications in the chest, yet there are—to our knowledge—limited data about the abdominal imaging findings of the course and potential abdominal complications of COVID-19 notably in the intensive care units (ICU). Forty-one sonographic examinations were done for 30 confirmed COVID-intensive care patients presented with abdominal symptoms. Of the 30 patients, 26 were males (86.66%), and 4 were females (13.3%), the average age of the patients was 57.7 years old. The most common sonographic observation was hepatomegaly (n, 23/41, 56%) and biliary system disease (n, 17/41, 41.4%); the imaging findings were correlated with the clinical and laboratory data. CT examination when indicated (in our study to assess hematomas for active extravasation and to assess bowel obstruction and its level). Conclusion: Abdominal sonographic imaging was often performed for inpatients with COVID-19. Hepatobiliary dysfunction as well as nephropathy was the most common imaging findings.
In-silico study of the inhibitory effect of some flavonoids compounds and their derivatives on SARSCOV-2	Abdul-Jabar,  R,  Al-Fadal, et al	International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	In the current study, we used molecular docking to detect the probable inhibitory effect of fifteen natural compounds of some Flavonoids and their derivatives and two antiviral drugs against two of very important SARS-COV-2 proteins the papain like protease (PLpro) and RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) that was performed using Molecular Operating Environment software(MOE). All the chosen flavonoids and their derivatives, plus the two antiviral drugs docked in the active sites of the viral proteins (PLpro), some of the natural flavonoids like Glycitein 7-O-glucuronide and Theaflavin, gives energy complex scores about-6.96308947 and-6.99058199 Kcal/mol which is better than the energy score is given by Sofosbuvir and Darunavir-6.81020832 and-6.93942785 Kcal/mol respectively. And the docking of the compounds into the active sites of (RdRp) protein gives energy binding scores for Theaflavin monogallate-7.84163618 kcal/mol and that better than the complex's score given by docking of the Sofosbuvir and Darunavir into the same protein which gives-7.30999422 and-7.67598867 kcal/mol respectively. That’s mean these flavonoids and their derivatives can be used as COVID-19 treatment.
Knowledge and awareness about ginger and turmeric as a herbal cure for COVID-19	Abinaya,  S,  Gayatri Devi, et al	International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The aim of the study is to assess the awareness of the ginger and turmeric as a herbal cure for COVID-19. The sample size of this study was 100. The data was collected and statistically analysed. In this study, 98% of the population was aware that one of the best medicines is ginger and turmeric for various diseases and 2% of the population were unaware of it. Around 97% of the population was aware that ginger and turmeric contain anti-inflammatory properties and 3% of the population was aware that ginger and turmeric contain anti-inflammatory properties. The overall result was positive, most of them aware of the role of ginger and turmeric on COVID-19.  Through this survey, the majority of people were aware of ginger and turmeric as a herbal cure for COVID-19.
Covid-19 contact-tracing technology: Acceptability and ethical issues of use	Abuhammad,  S,  Khabour, et al	Patient Preference and Adherence	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The purpose of this study was to determine the acceptability of COVID-19 contact-tracing technology and ethical issues of use in Jordan. A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was used. The results found that the number of people who accept to use COVID-19 contact-tracing technology was 71.6%. However, the percentage of people who were using this technology was 37.8. The main ethical concerns for many of participants were privacy, voluntariness, and beneficence of the data. Only income and living area were predictors for acceptability and use of tracing technology (p≤ 0.01). The majority of Jordanians accept the implementation of contact-tracing technology for COVID-19 infection.
COVID -19 in a Nigerian University: Modelling the Spread of SARS-CoV-2 on an Average University Campus	Adeiza,  Shuaibu Suleiman,  Shuaibu Bello, et al	SSRN- Lancet prepublication	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	This study is aimed at assisting the average Nigerian university in immediate COVID -19 preparation and response. We adopted the SEIR deterministic model to appraise the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 among University staff and students, and evaluated the breadth of non-pharmaceutical intervention strategies required to safely return its community to campus. The model was parameterized to fit the resident on campus situation. The frequencies of viral screening and testing, probabilistic sensitivity analysis of model parameter was explored in this study. Weekly COVID -19 screening reduced the cumulative incidence by 15% and 55.7% among university staff and students respectively. PCR testing delay of 2-,3-,4-and 7- days reduced overall semester incidence by 65.7%, 56.9%, 50.8% and 34.4% among students; 23.5%, 22.8%, 20.5% and 16.9% among university staff.
A Kidney Transplant Recipient With Coronavirus Disease 2019: Utility of a Prognostication Score	Adrogué,  AH,  Mithani, et al	Transplantation proceedings	Clinical data| Données cliniques	We present our experience with the use of a diagnostic score, developed for reactive hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (rHLH), in a kidney transplant recipient hospitalized with COVID-19. We applied the H-Score to risk-stratify our patient to help predict his hospital course. The calculated H-Score for our patient fell below the diagnostic cut-off value for rHLH. Because rHLH is characterized by CRS, we expected him to have a milder hospital course with COVID-19. Correlating with his below cut-off H-score, the patient had a more benign than expected hospital course. Because this is only a single case, we plan to retrospectively review a series of patients to validate our initial experience—that a low H-Score may correlate with a milder hospital course in kidney transplant patients with COVID-19.
Business analysis in the times of COVID-19: Empirical testing of the contemporary academic findings	Adžić,  S,  Al-Mansour, et al	Management Science Letters	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The aim of this paper is to develop a research scale that could be used to analyze the impact of COVID-19 on business. We adopted a scale variables approach that is generated from topics covered in the papers of leading academic business journals to form the basis of our analysis. We exposed the scale to qualitative and quantitative testing and concluded that it is reliable for research on the negative effects of COVID-19 on enterprises. The scale was used to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 on businesses in two countries, namely Serbia and Kuwait, to represent two different continents. The results of this research indicate that the influence of this coronavirus is equally devastating in both countries, Kuwait with its otherwise good economic conditions and Serbia with relatively poor ones.
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on uveitis patients receiving immunomodulatory and biological therapies (COPE STUDY)	Agarwal,  AK,  Sudharshan, et al	Br J Ophthalmol	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This study aimed to evaluate the change in the ongoing immunomodulatory (IMT) and biological therapies among patients with non-infectious uveitis (NIU), and determine the number of uveitis relapses during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this study, 176 patients (284 eyes) with NIU (mean age: 33±17.1 years; males: 68) were included. A total of 121 eyes (90 patients) were deemed to have active NIU. Of these, seven subjects (7.8%) did not receive intravenous methylprednisolone despite need felt by the treating uveitis experts. In addition, 35 subjects (57.4%) received a rapid tapering dosage of oral corticosteroids despite active disease. A total of 161 (91.5%) subjects were receiving systemic IMT and 25 (14.2%) were on biological therapies. Overall, IMT was altered in 29/161 (18.0%) subjects. Twenty-two eyes were treated with intravitreal therapies in the study period. Fifty-three eyes (32.5%, 29 subjects) developed relapse of NIU, of which 25 subjects (86.2%) were deemed to have reactivation related to altered systemic IMT. No patient developed COVID-19 during follow-up.
Bifurcation analysis of a SEIR epidemic system with governmental action and individual reaction	Ajbar,  A,  Alqahtani, et al	Advances in Difference Equations	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	In this paper, the dynamical behavior of a SEIR epidemic system that takes into account governmental action and individual reaction is investigated. The transmission rate takes into account the impact of governmental action modeled as a step function while the decreasing contacts among individuals responding to the severity of the pandemic is modeled as a decreasing exponential function. We show that the proposed model is capable of predicting Hopf bifurcation points for a wide range of physically realistic parameters for the COVID-19 disease. In this regard, the model predicts periodic behavior that emanates from one Hopf point. The model also predicts stable oscillations connecting two Hopf points. The effect of the different model parameters on the existence of such periodic behavior is numerically investigated.
Mitigation of the replication of SARS-CoV-2 by nitric oxide in vitro	Akaberi,  D,  Krambrich, et al	Redox Biology	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	Given the potential of nitric oxide (NO) as treatment for SARS-CoV-2 infection, we have evaluated the in vitro antiviral effect of NO on SARS-CoV-2 replication. The NO-donor S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP) had a dose dependent inhibitory effect on SARS-CoV-2 replication, while the non S-nitrosated NAP was not active, as expected. Although the viral replication was not completely abolished (at 200 μM and 400 μM), SNAP delayed or completely prevented the development of viral cytopathic effect in treated cells, and the observed protective effect correlated with the level of inhibition of the viral replication. The capacity of the NO released from SNAP to covalently bind and inhibit SARS-CoV-2 3CL recombinant protease in vitro was also tested. The observed reduction in SARS-CoV-2 protease activity was consistent with S-nitrosation of the enzyme active site cysteine.
The impact of COVID-19 on rheumatology practice across Africa	Akintayo,  RO,  Akpabio, et al	Rheumatology (Oxford)	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This study aimed to identify the changes in rheumatology service delivery across the five regions of Africa from the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 554 completed responses were received from 20 countries. A total of 77 (13.9%) rheumatologists avoided starting a new biologic. Face-to-face clinics with the use of some personal protective equipment continued to be held in only 293 (52.9%) rheumatologists' practices. Teleconsultation modalities found usage as follows: telephone in 335 (60.5%), WhatsApp in 241 (43.5%), emails in 90 (16.3%) and video calls in 53 (9.6%). Physical examinations were mostly reduced in 295 (53.3%) or done with personal protective equipment in 128 (23.1%) practices. Only 316 (57.0%) reported that the national rheumatology society in their country had produced any recommendation around COVID-19 while only 73 (13.2%) confirmed the availability of a national rheumatology COVID-19 registry in their country.
Markers Of Coagulation And Hemostatic Activation Identify COVID-19 Patients At High Risk For Thrombotic Events, ICU Admission and Intubation	Alabyad,  Darwish,  Rangaraju, et al	medRxiv	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	The objective of our study was to determine whether markers of coagulation and hemostatic activation (MOCHA) on admission could identify COVID-19 patients at risk for thrombotic events and other complications. Of 276 patients (mean age 59 ± 6.4 years, 47% female, 62% African American race) who met study criteria, 45 (16%) had a thrombotic event. Each coagulation marker on admission was independently associated with a vascular endpoint (p<0.05). Admission MOCHA with ≥ 2 abnormalities (n=203, 74%) was associated with in-hospital vascular endpoints (OR 3.3, 95% CI 1.2-8.8), as were admission D-dimer ≥ 2000 ng/mL (OR 3.1, 95% CI 1.5-6.6), and admission D-dimer ≥ 3000 ng/mL (OR 3.6, 95% CI 1.6-7.9). However, only admission MOCHA with ≥ 2 abnormalities was associated with ICU admission (OR 3.0, 95% CI 1.7-5.2) and intubation (OR 3.2, 95% CI 1.6-6.4), while admission D-dimer ≥ 2000 ng/mL and admission D-dimer ≥ 3000 ng/mL were not associated. MOCHA and D-dimer cutoffs were not associated with mortality. Admission MOCHA with <2 abnormalities (26% of the cohort) had a sensitivity of 88% and negative predictive value of 93% for a vascular endpoint.
A novel reusable anti-COVID-19 transparent face respirator with optimized airflow	Alenezi,  H,  Cam, et al	Bio-Design and Manufacturing	Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI)	This novel face mask is designed to be a reusable respirator with a small and highly efficient disposable fabric filter. Respirator material requirements are reduced by 75% compared to traditional designs and allow repeated cleaning or sterilization. The probability of virus particle inhalation is reduced using novel air filtration pathways, through square-waveform design to increase filter airflow. Air enters the mask from right and left side filters, while the area in front of the mouth is isolated. Clear epoxy is used for a transparent frame, allowing lip-reading, and mask edges contain a silicone seal preventing bypass of the filters. The mask is manufactured using silicone molds, eliminating electricity requirements making it economical and viable in developing countries. Computational fluid dynamics numerical studies and Fluent ANSYS software were used to simulate airflow through the filter to optimize filter air path geometry and validate mask design with realistic human requirements. The breathing cycle was represented as a transient function, and N95 filter specifications were selected as a porous medium. The novel design achieved 1.2 × 10−3 kg s−1, 20% higher than human requirements, with air streamlines velocity indicating local high speed, forcing and trapping virus particles against filter walls through centrifugal forces.
Automatic Deep Learning System for COVID-19 Infection Quantification in chest CT	Alirr,  Omar Ibrahim	arXiv	Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	This paper proposed an automatic deep learning system for COVID-19 infection areas segmentation. The system include different steps to enhance and improve infection areas appearance in the CT slices so they can be learned efficiently using the deep network. The system start prepare the region of interest by segmenting the lung organ, which then undergo edge enhancing diffusion filtering (EED) to improve the infection areas contrast and intensity homogeneity. The proposed FCN is implemented using U-net architecture with modified residual block with concatenation skip connection. The block improves the learning of gradient values by forwarding the infection area features through the network. To demonstrate the generalization and effectiveness of the proposed system, it is trained and tested using many 2D CT slices extracted from diverse datasets from different sources. The proposed system is evaluated using different measures and achieved dice overlapping score of 0.961 and 0.780 for lung and infection areas segmentation, respectively.
PMC7409721; Polarization and public health: Partisan differences in social distancing during the coronavirus pandemic	Allcott,  H,  Boxell, et al	J Public Econ	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	We study partisan differences in Americans' response to the COVID-19 pandemic. We develop a simple model of a pandemic response with heterogeneous agents that clarifies the causes and consequences of heterogeneous responses. We use location data from a large sample of smartphones to show that areas with more Republicans engaged in less social distancing, controlling for other factors including public policies, population density, and local COVID cases and deaths. We then present new survey evidence of significant gaps at the individual level between Republicans and Democrats in self-reported social distancing, beliefs about personal COVID risk, and beliefs about the future severity of the pandemic.
Changes in physical activity and sedentary behavior amid confinement: The bksq-covid-19 project	Alomari,  MA,  Khabour, et al	Risk Management and Healthcare Policy	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	Currently no studies examined the effect of COVID-19-induced confinement on physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB). During April and May of 2020, the current study surveyed changes in PA and SB induced by COVID-19 confinement. The participants of the study were 1844. Among the participants who were regularly involved in PA, the majority (41.8–42.2%) of the participants reported a “decrease” (p<0.05) in walking, jogging, and sports while the majority (46.3–53.1%) reported a “no change” (p<0.05) in swimming, cycling, and weight lifting. With regard to the SB, most of the participants reported an “increase” in watching TV (72.3%), using electronics (82.7%), and logging to social media (81.9%). Additionally, gender, job type, obesity, and being worried to contract the disease were associated (p<0.05) with changes in PA. On the other hand, age, gender, obesity, job type and income were related (p<0.05) to changes in SB.
Identify human cluster of differentiation 147 (CD147), a new target of SARS-CoV-2 invasion	Al-Salih,  M,  Samsudin, et al	International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research	Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	The purpose of this study was to determine the level of blood markers of cellular Human Cluster of Differentiation 147 (CD147) by ELISA assay. A case-control study including 30 patients (10 female) with SARS-CoV-2 repertory disorder whose follow-up was carried out at the outpatient clinic of the intensive care unit Service at Al Hussain Hospital, southern of Iraq, Patients were divided into three subgroups based on the onset of symptoms within the first 6 days of the acute phase of disease: subgroup A, subgroup B, and C. according to the type of drugs. To start with, in vitro antiviral tests showed Meplazumab, infliximab and Etrolizumab an foe of CD147 adapted neutralizer, essentially hindered the infections from attacking host cells in comparison to controls, patients with presented concentrations of CD147 products (determined by plasmatic levels of S protein circulating in blood. Our results indicate the presence of molecular SARS-CoV-2 invades respiratory cells determined by assay in patients which confirm a decrease in the defense capacity of the cellular system against toxicity induced by drugs in these patients.
Combined metabolic cofactor supplementation accelerates recovery in mild-to-moderate COVID-19	Altay,  Ozlem,  Yang, et al	medRxiv	Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique RCT	Combined metabolic cofactors supplementation (CMCS) consisting of L-serine, N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), nicotinamide riboside (NR), and L-carnitine tartrate is being studied for the treatment of patients with COVID-19. We conducted a placebo-controlled, phase-2 clinical trial involving ambulatory COVID-19 patients. A total of 100 patients were randomly assigned on a 3:1 basis to hydroxychloroquine plus CMCS or hydroxychloroquine plus placebo. The total treatment period for the hydroxychloroquine was 5 days, and for the CMCS/placebo was 14 days. A total of 93 patients completed the trial. The combination of CMCS and hydroxychloroquine significantly reduced the average complete recovery time compared with hydroxychloroquine and placebo (6.6 days vs 9.3 days, respectively). Moreover, there was a significant reduction in ALT, AST and LDH levels on day 14 compared to day 0 in the hydroxychloroquine plus CMCS group. The adverse effects were uncommon and self-limiting.
32865189; Learning with COVID-19: what about anticoagulation?	Álvarez-Rodríguez,  E,  González González, et al	Anales del sistema sanitario de Navarra	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Article in Spanish. We present the cases of two patients admitted due to COVID-19, without serious clinical data, in whom anticoagulation (acenocoumarol and rivaroxaban, respectively) was replaced by LMWH at therapeutic doses, both presenting abdominal bleeding. This type of bleeding is an infrequent complication in anticoagulated patients, but the concurrence of two cases in a short period of time in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic leads us to consider that there is not yet any clear evidence on therapeutic anticoagulation in SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Italian response to coronavirus pandemic in dental care access: The DeCADE study	Aquilanti,  L,  Gallegati, et al	International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on the willingness, anxiety and concerns of Italian people on undergoing dental appointments. Subjects with a high level of education, attending public dental offices and that are used to go to dental offices for urgent care would not feel comfortable in undergoing a dental appointment and would prefer to postpone or cancel dental visits, waiting for a decrease in the number of the contagions. Moreover, the risk of canceling or postponing the appointment at the dentist was 1.59 times greater in those who claimed to be strongly influenced by SARS-CoV-2. Fear of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), new cases decrease and the not urgent nature of dental visits influenced more than the lowered income household on upcoming or resuming dental appointments. In the next months, despite the forecasted economic crisis caused by coronavirus pandemic, fear and anxiety generated by the spread of the virus will impact more than the lowered familiar income with regards to access to dental care.
32965404; Nursing Comiittee to Coping with COVID-19 in Bahia	Araújo-Dos-Santos,  T,  Santos, et al	Revista brasileira de enfermagem	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This study aimed to report the experience of the Nursing Committee for Coping with COVID-19 in Bahia. The experience report describes motivation, objectives, representatives, organization, working groups, activities and impact of the Committee actions. Five working groups and six technical support groups were formed. These groups address Communication, Review of Health Services Contingency Plans, Assistance to Long-Term Institutions, Epidemiology and External Activities. An Instagram account was created for quick and reliable access to information, and also an email to meet demands and monitor COVID-19 cases.
Drug re-purposing from SARS-CoV led the identification of potential candidate drug target and alternate drug molecules against SARS-CoV-2	Arun,  PVPS,  Hussain, et al	Letters in Drug Design and Discovery	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	The objective of the work is to repurpose the drugs prescribed for SARS-CoV as the drugs for the control of SARS-CoV-2. In this work, we have used homology searches and docking methods for understanding the mechanism of the drugs prescribed for the control of SARS-CoV on SARS-CoV-2. In our analysis, we found that the drugs Benzyl (2-Oxopropyl)carbamate, 2-(2,4-Dichloro-5-methyl phenyl)sulfonyl]-1,3-dinitro-5-(trifluoromethyl)benzene, S-5-(Trifluoromethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-YL] 5-(phenylethynyl)furan-2-carbothioate, 4-(Dimethylamino)benzoic acid, which are capable of inhibition of the activity of 3CLPro and prevent the progression of SARS-CoV.
Network analysis of global stock markets at the beginning of the coronavirus disease (Covid-19) outbreak	Aslam,  F,  Mohmand, et al	Borsa Istanbul Review	Economics | Économie	This study aims to analyze the effects of COVID-19 on 56 global stock indices from October 15, 2019 to August 7, 2020 by using a complex network method. Furthermore, the change of the network structure is analyzed in depth by dividing the stock markets into developed, emerging and frontier markets. The findings reveal a structural change in the form of node changes, reduced connectivity and significant differences in the topological characteristics of the network, due to COVID-19. A contagion effect is also identified in the network structure of emerging markets, with the nodes behaving synchronously. The findings also reveal substantial clustering and homogeneity in the world stock market network, based on geographic positioning. Besides, the number of positive correlations in the global stock indices increased during the outbreak. The stock markets of France and Germany seem to be the most relevant developed markets, while Taiwan and Slovenia have this relevance in emerging and frontier markets.
Evaluation of knowledge, attitudes, and clinical education of dental students about COVID-19 pandemic	Ataş,  O,  Yildirim, et al	PeerJ	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	The aim of this study was to evaluate knowledge, attitudes, and clinical education of dental students about COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 355 pre-clinical and clinical dental students (242 and 113, respectively, comprising 190 females and 165 males) at Firat University Dentistry Faculty, in Elaziǧ, Turkey answered an online questionnaire. Both the clinical and preclinical students were found to be afraid of infecting themselves and their environment with COVID-19, and the difference between them was statistically significant. Three quarters (74.9%) of the participants responded yes to the question of whether they thought that experiences related to COVID-19 affected them psychologically, with the differences between gender and clinical status were statistically significant. Responses to the question of which clinical rotation worried them more were 29.9% endodontics, 25.1% oral and maxillofacial surgery, 16.3% prosthesis, 15.2% periodontology, 6.8% restorative dentistry, 3.9% oral diagnosis and radiology, 1.7% pedodontics, and 1.1% orthodontics, with a significant difference between the preclinical and clinical students. Regarding the measures applied by the clinical students in their clinical rotation, the responses were 100% gloves and 100% mask (with 11.5% FFP3/N95 mask), 73.6% face protective shield and 37.1% safety glasses, and 49% bonnet and 16.8% disposable box, with 90.2% frequent hand washing, and 86.7% frequent hand antiseptic usage.
Experiences of patients with coronavirus in the covid-19 pandemic era in Indonesia	Aungsuroch,  Y,  Juanamasta, et al	Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study aims to explore the experience of patients with COVID-19 experiences during the treatment process. This study used literature and video clip analysis of 14 cases. Data were analyzed using content analysis. The results were presented in the following five themes (i) experience of receiving a diagnosis (I am shocked, how could I get infected?, suggestive thinking between dead or alive, and uncertainty of the test result), (ii) boredom during isolation, (iii) being stigmatized and discriminated against, (iv) self-reflection with God, and (v) social support from family members and healthcare workers.
A case of delivery of a pregnant woman with COVID-19 infection in Daegu, Korea	Bae,  JG,  Ha, et al	Obstet Gynecol Sci	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Thirteen pregnant women with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 were identified at the Daegu Fatima Hospital. Among them was a 28-year-old pregnant woman who had recovered from COVID-19 and had given birth to a healthy girl at 38 weeks of gestational age. A nasopharyngeal swab, amniotic fluid, placental tissue, and umbilical venous blood yielded negative results twice in 24-hour interval.
Performance of radiologists in the evaluation of the chest radiography with the use of a “new software score” in coronavirus disease 2019 pneumonia suspected patients	Bagnera,  S,  Bisanti, et al	Journal of Clinical Imaging Science	Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	The purpose of this study is to assess the performance of radiologists using a new software called “COVID-19 score” when performing chest radiography on patients potentially infected by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia. Fourteen radiologists evaluated 312 chest radiographs of COVID-19 pneumonia suspected patients . The inter-rater agreement showed a Fleiss' kappa value of 0.53 and the intra-group agreement varied from Fleiss' Kappa value between 0.49 and 0.59, indicating a moderate agreement. The average time for obtaining the result with the automatic software was between 7 and 21 seconds.
The longitudinal impact of COVID-19 pandemic on neurosurgical practice	Bajunaid,  K,  Alatar, et al	Clinical neurology and neurosurgery	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This observational cross-sectional multicenter study aimed to evaluate the longitudinal impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on neurosurgical practice in Saudi Arabia. Our study demonstrated that the COVID-19 pandemic decreased the number of procedures performed in neurosurgery practice.
Screening of FDA Approved Drugs Against SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease: Coronavirus Disease	Balakrishnan,  V,  Lakshminarayanan, et al	International Journal of Peptide Research and Therapeutics	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	In the present study, attempts were made to screen the FDA approved drugs using High Throughput Virtual Screening (HTVS). The COVID-19 main protease was chosen as the drug target.  From the flexible docking results, the following four FDA approved drugs Sincalide, Pentagastrin, Ritonavir, and Phytonadione were identified. In particular, Sincalide and Pentagastrin can be considered potential key players for the treatment of COVID-19 disease.
32961304; Collateral damage: Hidden impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the out-of-hospital cardiac arrest system-of-care	Ball,  J,  Nehme, et al	Resuscitation	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	We investigated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic period on incidence, characteristics, and survival from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) in Victoria, Australia. Incidence of OHCA did not differ during the pandemic period. On adjusted analysis, the pandemic period was associated with a 50% reduction in survival-to-discharge. The COVID-19 pandemic period did not influence OHCA incidence but appears to have disrupted the system-of-care in Australia.
Monitoring indirect impact of COVID-19 pandemic on services for cardiovascular diseases in the UK	Ball,  S,  Banerjee, et al	Heart	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	The objective of this retrospective serial cross-sectional study was to monitor hospital activity for presentation, diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic to inform on indirect effects. Activity for cardiac, cerebrovascular and other vascular conditions started to decline 1-2 weeks before lockdown and fell by 31%-88% after lockdown.
Pooled Saliva Specimens for SARS-CoV-2 Testing	Barat,  Bidisha,  Das, et al	medRxiv	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	We evaluated saliva specimens for SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR testing by comparison of 459 prospectively paired nasopharyngeal (NP) or mid-turbinate (MT) swabs from 449 individuals with the aim of using saliva for asymptomatic screening. The sensitivity of detecting a positive specimen in a pool compared with testing individually was 100%, 93%, and 95% for CDC 2019-nCoV Real-Time RT-PCR, Panther Fusion® SARS-CoV-2 assay, and cobas® SARS-CoV-2 test respectively, with decreased sample detection trending with lower viral load. We conclude that although pooled saliva testing is not quite as sensitive as NP/MT testing, saliva testing is adequate to detect individuals with higher viral loads in an asymptomatic screening program
Epidemiological Risk Factors of SARS-Cov-2 Infections	Barletta,  WilliamA	medRxiv	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	This study examines correlations on a nation-by-nation basis between the statistical data concerning covid-19 fatalities plus the statistics of potential co-morbidities that may influence the severity of the infections. It examines reasons that may underlie of the degree to which advanced age increases the risk of mortality of an infection and contrasts the risk factors of SARS-Cov-2 infections with those of influenzas and their associated pneumonias.
Dreams about COVID-19 versus normative dreams: Trends by gender	Barrett,  D	Dreaming	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	Dreams about the COVID-19 pandemic were collected from 2,888 dreamers via an online survey and compared to normative dreams from an earlier period. As predicted by the continuity hypothesis of dreaming, women showed significantly lower positive emotions in their dreams and higher rates of negative emotions, anxiety, sadness, anger, body content, references to biological processes, health, and death.
A Numerical Study of the Current COVID-19 Spread Patterns in India, the USA and the World	Baruah,  Hemanta Kumar	medRxiv	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	In this article, we  study the current COVID-19 spread patterns in India and the United States. We conclude that the growth of the pandemic in the United States is in the threshold already to take a change from exponential to nearly logarithmic. As far as the situation in India is concerned, we can conclude that the pattern of growth is still approximately exponential and that very soon the situation in India would move towards betterment.
Knowledge, attitude and practice toward the coronavirus disease (Covid-19) outbreak among selected employed people in the national capital region, philippines	Bautista,  AP,  J, et al	Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The objective of this study was to gain an understanding of the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of selected employees in the National Capital Region of the Philippines. Of those surveyed, 92% have a high knowledge of COVID-19. The respondents have a positive attitude toward the need for health education and the seriousness of COVID-19, as well as stricter measures against the pandemic, but are less positive in terms of how the government is responding to the pandemic.
Investigating the potential benefit that requiring travellers to self-isolate on arrival may have upon the reducing of case importations during international outbreaks of influenza, SARS, Ebola virus disease and COVID-19	Bays,  Declan,  Bennett, et al	medRxiv	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	In a previous paper, we developed a model to investigate the potential effectiveness of deploying screening at airports during the current COVID-19 outbreak.  In this paper, we present a brief modification to this model allowing us to assess the added impact that quarantining incoming travelers for various periods may have on reducing the risk of case importation. Primary results show that requiring all travellers to undergo 5 days of self-isolation on arrival, after which they are tested again, has the potential to increase rate of detection to 81.7% for travellers infected with COVID-19. Extending the period of self-isolation to 14 days increases the potential detection rate to 99.5%.
Prevalence and severity of malnutrition in hospitalized COVID-19 patients	Bedock,  D,  Bel Lassen, et al	Clinical Nutrition ESPEN	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	Our objectives were to assess malnutrition in hospitalized COVID-19 patients, to investigate the links between malnutrition and disease severity at admission, and to study the impact of malnutrition on clinical outcomes such as transfer to an intensive care unit (ICU) or death. The overall prevalence of malnutrition was 42.1%. The prevalence of malnutrition reached 66.7% in patients admitted from ICU. No significant association was found between nutritional status and clinical signs of COVID-19. Lower albumin levels were associated with a higher risk of transfer to ICU and this association was independent of age and CRP levels.
Lockdown, quarantine measures, and social distancing: Associations with depression, anxiety and distress at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic among adults from Germany	Benke,  C,  Autenrieth, et al	Psychiatry research	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	In this study, we investigated the role of sociodemographic and COVID-19 related factors for immediate mental health consequences in a nationwide community sample of adults from Germany. We found that higher restrictions due to lockdown measures, a greater reduction of social contacts and greater perceived changes in life were associated with higher mental health impairments.
Age-Structured Modeling of COVID-19 Epidemic in the USA, UAE and Algeria	Bentout,  S,  Tridane, et al	Alexandria Engineering Journal	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	This work aims to forecast the progress of the disease in three countries: The United States of America, the United Arab Emirates and Algeria.  The implemented intervention measures were able to reduce the size of the pandemic and delay its peak. The age-structured model found that if each country had applied a full lockdown starting from April 20th,  in 30 days the virus would vanish from the three countries and community infection would disappear. Finally, we investigate the impact of the shortage of proper personal protective equipment (PPE) on the spread of the disease. This would result in double the number of the infected people and numbers of hospital beds needed at the peak of the pandemic.
Mental Health Conditions of Italian Healthcare Professionals during the COVID-19 Disease Outbreak	Bettinsoli,  ML,  Di Riso, et al	Appl Psychol Health Well Being	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This cross-sectional study aims to investigate the psychological health of Italian healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 outbreak. Overall, approximately 33.5 per cent of healthcare professionals in our sample meet the threshold for psychiatric morbidity. Participants perceive their current psychological health to be worse during the COVID-19 emergency outbreak as compared to before the outbreak, and this was especially true among women.
Intermediate versus standard-dose prophylactic anticoagulation and statin therapy versus placebo in critically-ill patients with COVID-19: Rationale and design of the INSPIRATION/INSPIRATION-S studies	Bikdeli,  B,  Talasaz, et al	Thrombosis research	RCT	This manuscript summarizes the rationale and methodology (protocol) of the INSPIRATION and INSPIRATION-S studies. These randomized controlled trials will help address clinically-relevant questions for antithrombotic therapy and thromboinflammatory therapy in critically-ill patients with COVID-19.
Acute Kidney Injury Associated With Lopinavir/Ritonavir Combined Therapy in Patients With COVID-19	Binois,  Y,  Hachad, et al	Kidney International Reports	Clinical data| Données cliniques	We first describe a small case series of acute kidney injury (AKI) associated with lopinavir and low-dose ritonavir (LPV/RTV) in the course of COVID-19 treatment. We then performed a query in the World Health Organization pharmacovigilance database, VigiBase, and extracted all AKIs associated with LPV/RTV. We then presented clinical characteristics of these events and performed a comparison between HIV and COVID-19 indication in VigiBase.
The obesity paradox: Analysis from the SMAtteo COvid-19 REgistry (SMACORE) cohort	Biscarini,  S,  Colaneri, et al	Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	We retrospectively analyzed a COVID-19 cohort recruited during the first 40 days of the epidemic in Italy. We examined the association between obesity and 30-day mortality, admission to ICU, mortality and length of hospital stay in patients with COVID-19. Obese patients with COVID-19 were more likely to be admitted to ICU than non-obese patients. However, there were no significant differences in mortality between the two groups.
Motif Analysis in k-mer Networks: An Approach towards Understanding SARS-CoV-2 Geographical Shifts	Biswas,  Sourav,  Saha, et al	bioRxiv	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	As SARS-CoV-2 sequences highlight wide changes across the samples, we aim to explore whether these changes reveal the geographical origin of the corresponding samples. This comprises SARS-CoV-2 sequences from Australia, USA, China, India, Greece and France. Moreover, we demonstrate that the changes of genomic sequences characterize the continents as a whole. We also highlight that the network motifs present in the sequence similarity networks have a significant difference across the said countries. This, as a whole, is capable of predicting the geographical shift of SARS-CoV-2.
PMC7510433; SARS-CoV-2 Infection Boosts MX1 Antiviral Effector in COVID-19 Patients	Bizzotto,  J,  Sanchis, et al	iScience	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	In a published case-control study we analyzed the response to infection assessing gene expression of host cell receptors and antiviral proteins. SARS-CoV-2 cases had higher ACE2, but lower TMPRSS2, BSG/CD147, and CTSB expression compared with negative cases. COVID-19 patients' age negatively affected ACE2 expression. MX1 and MX2 were higher in COVID-19 patients. Multivariable regression showed that MX1 expression significantly increased for each unit of viral load increment.
Filling a theatre in times of corona	Blom,  Danny,  Pendavingh, et al	arXiv	Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique Economics | Économie	In this paper, we introduce an optimization problem posed by the Music Building Eindhoven (MBE) to deal with the economical consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic for theatre halls. We propose a model for maximizing the number of guests in a theatre hall that respects social distancing rules, and is based on trapezoid packings. Computational results show that up to 40% of the normal capacity can be used for a single show setting, and up to 70% in case artists opt for two consecutive performances per evening.
Gender as a moderator between Present-Hedonistic time perspective and depressive symptoms or stress during COVID-19 lock-down	Bodecka,  M,  Nowakowska, et al	Personality and Individual Differences	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	Scarce data is available relating to the role of Present-Hedonistic (PH) time perspective and gender differences in the development of depressive symptoms and stress during the period of strict social distancing. We hypothesized that gender would moderate the relationship between PH and depressiveness or stress levels, such that PH would negatively correlate with psychological distress in women but correlate positively in men. The results of moderation analysis allowed for full acceptance of the hypothesis for depression as a factor, but for stress the hypothesis was only partially confirmed, since the relationship between PH time perspective and stress was not significant for men
The impact of the COVID-19 related lockdowns on air quality	Bogomolova,  A,  Balk, et al		Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	Lockdowns imposed on population around the world due to COVID-19 provided unique opportunity to study impact of humankind of the environment. In this paper we discuss the magnitude of the anthropogenic impact on climate change, and in particular on-air pollution, since these two phenomena are interconnected. The concentration of particulate matter in the air decreased by about 10% in large cities all over the world. But the ozone concentration in many cases increased.
32965458; Are sars-cov-2 reinfection and covid-19 recurrence possible? A case report from brazil	Bonifácio,  LP,  Pereira, et al	Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical	Clinical data| Données cliniques	With the large number of individuals infected and recovered from Covid-19, there is intense discussion about the quality and duration of the immunity elicited by SARS-CoV-2 infection, including the possibility of disease recurrence. Here we report a case with strong clinical, epidemiological and laboratorial evidence of, not only reinfection by SARS-CoV-2, but also clinical recurrence of Covid-19.
Ad26 vector-based COVID-19 vaccine encoding a prefusion-stabilized SARS-CoV-2 Spike immunogen induces potent humoral and cellular immune responses	Bos,  R,  Rutten, et al	npj Vaccines	Vaccine Research| Recherche sur les vaccins Animal model | Modèle animal	We evaluated design elements previously shown for other coronavirus S protein-based vaccines to be successful. In vitro characterization demonstrated that the introduction of stabilizing substitutions increased the ratio of neutralizing versus non-neutralizing antibody binding. Furthermore, the wild-type signal peptide was best suited for the correct cleavage needed for a natively folded protein. These observations translated into superior immunogenicity in mice. This optimized Ad26 vector-based vaccine for SARS-CoV-2, termed Ad26.COV2.S, is currently being evaluated in a phase I clinical trial
PMC7532928; Lung ultrasound as diagnostic tool for SARS-CoV-2 infection	Bosso,  G,  Allegorico, et al	Intern Emerg Med	Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	The aim of this study was to explore the role of lung ultrasound (LUS) in the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection and to verify its utility in the prediction of lung disease's severity and outcome.  LUS showed an excellent accuracy in predicting the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection (area under the ROC curve of 0.92 with a sensibility of 73% and a specificity of 89% a the cut-off of 12.5). An intrahospital mortality rate of 46% was found; patients with adverse outcome had significant higher value of LUS, PF, LDH, and APACHE II score.
The impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on elite sportswomen	Bowes,  A,  Lomax, et al	Managing Sport and Leisure	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This research considers the impact of the enforced global lockdown on elite women athletes. Many sportswomen noted the positive support received from coaching networks regarding adapted, individualised training programmes and their mental well-being. However, many felt they had less access to equipment as women, and that men’s sport was a priority. Professional and semi-professional sportswomen, already operating in financially precarious circumstances, were also impacted through a reduction in match fees and/or sponsorship, or furlough.
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on families in Germany	Branstetter,  Susanne,  Poulain, et al	medRxiv	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The objective of this study was to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on families with young children in two population-based childhood cohorts with a low and moderate COVID-19 prevalence, respectively. Most families were concerned about the COVID-19 pandemic and lock-down measures, with major concerns directed towards the economic situation, the health of close-ones, but less towards their own health. Many concerns, seeking information and approval of federal measures were more pronounced in the more affected region.
A survey assessing the early effects of COVID-19 pandemic on oral and maxillofacial surgery training programs	Brar,  B,  Bayoumy, et al	Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	The objective of this survey was to evaluate how the COVID-19 pandemic affected oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS) training programs during the early phase of the pandemic. During the period April 3 to May 6, 2020, a cross-sectional survey was sent to the program directors of 95 of the 101 accredited OMFS training programs in the United States. The survey response rate from OMFS program directors was 35% (33 of 95). All OMFS programs (100%) implemented guidelines to suspend elective and nonurgent surgical procedures and limited ambulatory clinic visits by third week of March, with the average date being March 16, 2020. All programs promptly responded to the pandemic by making appropriate changes, including suspending elective surgery and limiting patient care to emergent and urgent services.
Impact of comorbidities on SARS-CoV-2 viral entry-related genes	Breidenbach,  JD,  Dube, et al	Journal of Personalized Medicine	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	We show that the expression levels of ACE2, TMPRSS2 and other viral entry-related genes, as well as potential downstream effector genes such as bradykinin receptors, are modulated in the target organs of select disease states. In tissues, such as the heart, which normally express ACE2 but minimal TMPRSS2, we found that TMPRSS2 as well as other TTSPs are elevated in individuals with comorbidities compared to healthy individuals. Additionally, we found the increased expression of viral entry-related genes in the settings of hypertension, cancer, or smoking across target organ systems. Our results demonstrate that common comorbidities may contribute directly to SARS-CoV-2 virulence and we suggest new therapeutic targets to improve outcomes in vulnerable patient populations.
Introduction of emergency paramedic investigators in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Berlin emergency medical service	Breuer,  F,  Pommerenke, et al	Notfall und Rettungsmedizin	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	We assessed all operations from 28.03.2020 to 28.04.2020 during which Emergency Paramedic Investigators of the Berlin emergency services were deployed. A total of 341 operations were included from the 31 days. Alongside data from the dispatch system, all operational documentation was assessed. In 57% of cases, mNACA II patients (outpatient treatment) were identified, in 42% of cases, mNACA III patients (inpatient treatment) were identified, and in 1% of cases, mNACA IV (imminent danger to life) patients were identified. In 51% of cases, the emergency services transported the patient to a hospital, and in 49%, alternative care measures were employed. The results show that additional operational resources serve an important function during a pandemic with regards to an initial assessment and pilot function. This can help relieve not only the emergency services but also the medical facilities responsible for providing further care.
PMC7532930; COVID-19 pneumonia: high diagnostic accuracy of chest CT in patients with intermediate clinical probability	Brun,  AL,  Gence-Breney, et al	Eur Radiol	Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	To assess inter-reader agreements and diagnostic accuracy of chest CT to identify COVID-19 pneumonia in patients with intermediate clinical probability during an acute disease outbreak.  From March 20 to April 8, 319 patients (mean age 62.3 years old) consecutive patients with an intermediate clinical probability of COVID-19 pneumonia underwent a chest CT scan. Two independent chest radiologists blinded to clinical information and RT-PCR results retrospectively reviewed and classified images on a 1-5 confidence level scale for COVID-19 pneumonia. Inter-observer agreement for highly probable (kappa: 0.83 p < .001]) and highly probable or probable (kappa: 0.82 p < .001]) diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia was very good. RT-PCR tests performed in 307 patients were positive in 174 and negative in 133. The areas under the curve (AUC) were 0.94 and 0.92 respectively. With a disease prevalence of 61.2%, PPV were 95.9% and 94.3%, and NPV 84.4% and 77.1%. uring acute COVID-19 outbreak, chest CT scan may be used for triage of patients with intermediate clinical probability with very good inter-observer agreements and diagnostic accuracy.
Association of Pre-COVID-19 Lymphocytopenia with Fatality	Burack,  Richard,  Rock, et al	medRxiv	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	Lymphocytopenia during the COVID-19 has been associated with fatality. We tested whether pre-existing lymphocytopenia reported prior to any possible exposure to SARS-COV2 (from 2010 to 2019) was associated with fatality. sing all patients diagnosed on testing in a single regional laboratory, we identified 1137 subjects with PCR positive for SARS-COV2 and at least one available complete blood count from the decade prior to any possible exposure to the virus. Bivariate analysis indicated an association between pre-existing lymphocytopenia (defined as absolute lymphocyte count <0.9x109 /L) and fatality (18% versus 4%). Because the absolute lymphocyte count is almost universally available and easily interpreted, this biomarker of the risk of fatality could be widely useful.
An open-label prospective observational study of antiandrogen and non-antiandrogen early pharmacological approaches in females with mild-to-moderate COVID-19. The Pre-AndroCoV Female Trial	Cadegiani,  FlavioA,  Wambier, et al	medRxiv	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of any early pharmacological approach to females diagnosed with COVID-19 before seven days of symptoms, as well as investigate whether hyperandrogenic (HA) phenotype is an additional risk factor in this population. Females with symptoms for less than seven days confirmed for COVID-19 through positive real-time polymerase chain reaction (rtPCR-SARS-CoV-2) were classified and divided as non-HA, HA, and HA using spironolactone (HA-spiro) groups. Patients were questioned for baseline characteristics, 23 different diseases, 44 drug classes and vaccines, 28 different symptoms, and eight different parameters to measure COVID-19 related clinical outcomes. Treatment was then provided, including azithromycin 500mg/day for five days in all cases, associated with hydroxychloroquine 400mg/day for five days, nitazoxanide 500mg twice a day for six days, or ivermectin 0.2mg/kg/day por three days, and optionally spironolactone 100mg twice a day until cure. In total, 270 females were enrolled, including 195, 67, and eight in non-HA, HA, and HA-spiro groups, respectively. Time-to-treat was similar while all duration of symptoms and positive rtPCR-SARS-CoV-2 were significantly shorter in non-HA than HA. Fewer non-HA than HA females were affected by anosmia, ageusia, dry cough, fatigue, weakness and hyporexia. Ageusia, weakness and myalgia lasted shorter in non-HA than HA. HA females presented more severe and prolonged clinical manifestations, although none progressed to worse outcomes.
Analysis of online misinformation during the peak of the COVID-19 pandemics in Italy	Caldarelli,  Guido,  de Nicola, et al	arXiv	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	During the Covid-19 pandemics, we also experience another dangerous pandemics based on misinformation. Narratives disconnected from fact-checking on the origin and cure of the disease intertwined with pre-existing political fights. We collect a database on Twitter posts and analyse the topology of the networks of retweeters (users broadcasting again the same elementary piece of information, or tweet) and validate its structure with methods of statistical physics of networks. Furthermore, by using commonly available fact checking software, we assess the reputation of the pieces of news exchanged. By using a combination of theoretical and practical weapons, we are able to track down the flow of misinformation in a snapshot of the Twitter ecosystem. Thanks to the presence of verified users, we can also assign a polarization to the network nodes (users) and see the impact of low-quality information producers and spreaders in the Twitter ecosystem.
Human respiratory viruses, including SARS-CoV-2, circulating in the winter season 2019-2020 in Parma, Northern Italy	Calderaro,  A,  De Conto, et al	Int J Infect Dis	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	This study aimed to determine the prevalence of respiratory virus infections, including SARS-CoV-2, during December 2019 - March 2020, in a tertiary care hospital-based survey in Parma (Northern Italy). A total of 906 biological samples of respiratory tract were analyzed by both conventional (including culture) and molecular assays targeting SARS-CoV-2 and the other respiratory viruses nucleic acids. 474 samples (52.3%) were positive for at least one virus for a total of 583 viruses detected. This study showed a completely different trend between SARS-CoV-2 and the "common" respiratory viruses that have seen children most affected without distinction of sex, as opposed to SARS-CoV-2 that have seen adult males the most infected.
Myasthenia Gravis and COVID-19: Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes	Camelo-Filho,  A,  Silva, et al	Frontiers in Neurology	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Immunology | Immunologie	Myasthenia gravis (MG), an autoimmune neuromuscular disorder, may be a risk factor for severe COVID-19. We conducted an observational retrospective study with 15 consecutive adult MG patients admitted with COVID-19 at four hospitals in São Paulo, Brazil. Most patients with MG hospitalized for COVID-19 had severe courses of the disease: 87% were admitted in the intensive care unit, 73% needed mechanical ventilation, and 30% died. Immunoglobulin use and the plasma exchange procedure were safe. Immunosuppressive therapy seems to be associated with better outcomes, as it might play a protective role.
A multiplex microsphere IgG assay for SARS-CoV-2 using ACE2-mediated inhibition as a surrogate for neutralization	Cameron,  Andrew,  Porterfield, et al	medRxiv	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	Serological tests can be used diagnostically and for surveillance, but their usefulness depends on throughput, sensitivity and specificity. Here, we describe a multiplex fluorescent microsphere-based assay, 3Flex, that can detect antibodies to three SARS-CoV-2 antigens-spike (S) protein, the spike ACE2 receptor-binding domain (RBD), and nucleocapsid (NP). Specificity was assessed using 213 pre-pandemic samples. Sensitivity was measured and compared to the Abbott™ ARCHITECT™ SARS-CoV-2 IgG assay using serum from 125 unique patients equally binned (n = 25) into 5 time intervals (≤5, 6 to 10, 11 to 15, 16 to 20, and ≥21 days from symptom onset). This revealed the relative rise, peak (S, 23.8; RBD, 23.6; NP, 16.7; in days from symptom onset), and decline of the antibody response. Considerable interperson variation was observed with a subset of extensively sampled ICU patients. Using soluble ACE2, inhibition of antibody binding was demonstrated for S and RBD, and not for NP. Taken together, this study described the performance of an assay built on a flexible and high-throughput serological platform that proved adaptable to the emergence of a novel infectious agent.
Do national cultures matter in the containment of COVID-19?	Cao,  C,  Li, et al	International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This paper empirically investigates how cultural variations in individualism and tightness affected the containment of COVID-19 using data from 54 nations during a 30-day period of government intervention.  The authors utilized the hierarchical regression approach to check the effects of three cultural variables. Significant relationships were found between cultural variables and national performance in slowing the spread of the coronavirus. After controlling for the stringency of government responses, median age and population density, the authors found that cultural tightness and individualism as well as their interactions remain to be pivotal. Loose and individualistic cultures led to faster increases in prevalence rate (ΔPR) and crude mortality rate (ΔCMR) and higher case fatality rate (CFR).
Increased Use of Blood Transfusions to Manage Urological Conditions during the COVID-19 Pandemic	Capogrosso,  P,  Candela, et al	Urol Int	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	We aimed to assess the impact of deferred treatment during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on the need for blood transfusions in 3 Italian urology departments. We reviewed hospital chart data on blood transfusions at the urology units of 3 academic centers in the north of Italy from March to April 2020. Data were compared with values from the same time frame in 2019 (March to April 2019). We observed significant reductions of the number of patients admitted to the urology units from March to April 2020 (373 vs. 119) and the number of performed surgeries (242 vs. 938) compared to 2019. As a whole, the transfusion rate for hematuria was higher in 2020 than in 2019 (36 vs. 7.9%; p < 0.0001). The observed increased number of blood transfusions needed throughout the SARS-CoV-2 era could have had a negative impact on both patients and the healthcare system.
Low hospitalization rate without severe arrhythmias: a prospective survey on 350 patients early home treated with hydroxychloroquine during COVID-19 pandemic	Capucci,  A,  Santarelli, et al	J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown)	Therapeutics| Thérapeutique Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	General practitioners (GP) in Rimini, Italy were invited prospectively by the Primary Care Department to treat patients with a fever of at least 37.5 and at least 2 symptoms of concern with HCL therapy at home, before swap confirmed positive for COVID-19. GPs were allowed to add azithromycin at their discretion. 58 GP's treated 350 patients with HCL at the first flu symptoms, 76 of which also were treated with azithromycin. This small study showed that early, short duration of HCL administration for flu symptoms was safe and accompanied by low hospitalization rates.
Case report of sequential bilateral spontaneous pneumothorax in a never-ventilated, lung-healthy COVID-19-patient	Caviezel,  C,  Weiss, et al	International Journal of Surgery Case Reports	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Patients with COVID-19 infection and severe lung parenchyma alterations may need mechanical ventilation with subsequent pneumothorax and eventually persistent air leak in case of pre-existing lung disease. This report presents the case of a never-ventilated 58 years old male patient without pre-existing, underlying lung disease demonstrating severe lung parenchyma changes due to COVID-19-pneumonia. Although especially know from patients under mechanical ventilation, this patient suffered from spontaneous pneumothorax without ever been ventilated. Probably due to the severe vascular inflammatory changes and focal endothelitis like also seen in other organs of COVID-19 patients, the pneumothorax may lead to a prolonged air leak, which needs surgical therapy.
Development of a Parallel Reaction Monitoring Mass Spectrometry Assay for the Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein and Nucleoprotein	Cazares,  LH,  Chaerkady, et al	Anal Chem	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	Herein, we report a targeted mass spectrometry assay for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and nucleoprotein in a relevant biological matrix. Recombinant full-length spike protein and nucleoprotein were digested and proteotypic peptides were selected for parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) quantitation using a high-resolution Orbitrap instrument. A spectral library, which contained seven proteotypic peptides (four from spike protein and three from nucleoprotein) and the top three to four transitions, was generated and evaluated.  The PRM assay provided a limit of detection of ∼200 attomoles and a limit of quantitation of ∼ 390 attomoles. Extrapolating from the test samples, the projected titer of virus particles necessary for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 spike and nucleoprotein detection was approximately 2 × 10(5) viral particles/mL, making it an attractive alternative to RT-PCR assays. Potentially, mass spectrometry-based methods for viral antigen detection may deliver higher throughput and could serve as a complementary diagnostic tool to RT-PCR.
PMC7521409; Identification of twenty-five mutations in surface glycoprotein (Spike) of SARS-CoV-2 among Indian isolates and their impact on protein dynamics	Chand,  GB,  Banerjee, et al	Gene Rep	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	This study was conducted with an aim to identify and characterize the mutation (s) present in the Spike glycoprotein of the SARS-CoV-2. Towards this, an in silico methodology was used, and the mutations on Spike glycoprotein were identified by comparing the Spike glycoprotein of first reported sequence from Wuhan wet seafood market virus with the available sequences of SARS-CoV-2 from Indian isolates. Our analysis revealed the presence of twenty-five mutations in Spike glycoprotein among Indian SARS-CoV-2 isolates. These mutations spread all over the protein and can be clustered at least into four distinct positions. Further, mutations at eleven positions exhibited alterations in the secondary structure of the polypeptide chain. We also investigated the influence of these mutations on overall protein dynamics and have shown that they affect the dynamic stability of the Spike glycoprotein.
Predicting health communication patterns in follower–influencer networks: The case of taiwan amid covid-19	Chang,  A,  Jiao, et al	Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study aims to determine the extent to which the follower–influencer interaction is manifested and strengthened. To analyze information related to the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), a total of 62,119 online posts from 11 Internet forums were examined to find a relationship between followers and influencers in Taiwan.  The variables that were the best predictors of influencer classification were strong influences, engagements, and hot values across 11 Internet forums. The results questioned the conventional diffusion of traditional news sources because the influencers brought widespread attention to the health threat issues in the early outbreak stages. This study enhances the understanding of forum types, follower engagement, and influencers’ impact maximization in social networks. T
Treatment of patients with orthopaedic trauma during COVID-19 epidemic	Chang,  X,  Song, et al	Chinese Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	The aim of this study is to report our experience in treatment of patients with orthopedic trauma during COVID-19 epidemic. We retrospectively analyzed the 67 patients with orthopedic trauma who had been treated at Department of Orthopaedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital from February 1 to March 31, 2020. Most of the patients had osteoporotic fractures which accounted for 61.5% (16/26) of the outpatients and 68.3% (28/41) of the inpatients, respectively. The proportion of elderly patients with osteoporotic fracture increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. Shortage of blood was the major problem affecting the treatment.
An Empirical Assessment of the Intrusiveness and Reasonableness of Emerging Work Surveillance Technologies in the Public Sector	Charbonneau,  É,  Doberstein, et al	Public administration review	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This article presents the results of three surveys, two of them population-based survey experiments, all conducted during the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada that compare public servant (n = 346) and citizen (n = 1,008 phone; n = 2,001 web) attitudes to various cutting-edge—though no doubt controversial among some—digital surveillance tools that can be used in the public sector to monitor employee work patterns, often targeted toward remote working conditions. Multimodal survey data from Canada reveals that public servants and citizens find these emerging work surveillance technologies to be quite intrusive and unreasonable but show relatively more tolerance for digital surveillance over physical surveillance practices.
Effects of COVID-19 pandemic on pediatric kidney transplant in the United States	Charnaya,  O,  Chiang, et al	Pediatric Nephrology	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	Our goal was to understand changes to pediatric kidney transplantation (KT) at the national level during the COVID-19 epidemic. sing SRTR data, we examined changes in pediatric waitlist registration, waitlist removal or inactivation, and deceased donor and living donor (DDKT/LDKT) events during the start of the disease transmission in the USA compared with the same time the previous year. We saw an initial decrease in DDKT and LDKT by 47% and 82% compared with expected events and then a continual increase, with numbers reaching expected prepandemic levels by May 2020. The COVID-19 pandemic initially reduced access to kidney transplantation among pediatric patients in the USA but has not had a sustained effect.
WORLDWIDE CASE FATALITY RATIO OF COVID-19 OVER TIME	Chaubal,  Rohan,  Kannan, et al	medRxiv	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	The primary objective was to assess the time-course evolution of CFR of COVID-19 in all countries with available data and secondary objective was to evaluate associations between country-wise CFR and country-level health, human development, demographic and economic parameters. On September 24, 2020 there were 32140504 cumulative COVID-19 cases and 981792 deaths reported from 184 countries for a worldwide CFR of 3.06 % (95%CI 3.05 -3.07).  In a log-log analysis DP100K and CFR were significantly positively correlated (R=0.3570, p<0.001) with each other. The CFR of COVID-19 has gradually increased over time in majority of countries at various stages of the pandemic, followed by a plateau and a steady decline. Population level COVID-19 mortality burden and CFR are significantly positively associated with each other.
Effect of temperature and precipitation on the daily new cases and daily new death in seven cities around the globe	Chaudhary,  Amar Prashad,  Adna, et al	medRxiv	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	This study was done to understand the effect of temperature and precipitation in COVID-19. We collected 3 consecutive month data of seven cities around the world which were effected most by the COVID-19. Data included weather variables i.e temperature (average temperature, maximum temperature and minimum temperature), precipitation, daily new cases and daily new death. Increase in average temperature reduces daily death and increase in maximum temperature reduces transmission.
Characteristics and outcomes of hospitalized adults with COVID-19 in Nepal: a multicenter, prospective cohort study	Chaudhary,  Ashok,  Singh, et al	medRxiv	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	We identified all adult patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 admitted to five different hospitals in Nepal from June 15 to July 15, 2020. The study included 220 patients with an overall median age of 31.5 (25-37) years, and 181 (82.3%) were males. Compared to asymptomatic patients, symptomatic patients had greater proportion of females (31.1% vs. 12.6%, p=0.001), imported cases (85.2% vs. 69.8%, p=0.02), illiterates (26.8% vs. 12.1%, p=0.01), alcohol users (43.3% vs. 24.5%, p=0.01), patients feeling stigmatized by society (45.8% vs. 22.6%, p=0.001), and had higher platelet count (253 x 10^9/L vs. 185 x10^9/L, p=0.02). Most cases were imported, asymptomatic young males, with very few deaths.
Hidden risk of nosocomial transmission: A presymptomatic novel coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) case with ischemic stroke	Chen,  W,  Wang, et al	Journal of Thoracic Disease	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Herein, we report a case of successful diagnosis, prompt quarantine and efficient treatment of an presymptomatic COVID-19 patient admitted with acute ischemic stroke. Patients with chronic comorbidities are usually susceptible to infection. Moreover, COVID-19 patients with comorbidities showed more severe symptoms and higher risk to receive ICU care. Earlier diagnosis and prompt treatment are therefore crucial for the survival of this population. Our case presented a successful treatment of a patient before symptoms appear. It is also necessary to emphasize the importance of respiratory protection to minimize the virus transmission in susceptible populations.
A case study on strategies to deal with the impacts of COVID-19 pandemic in the food and beverage industry	Chowdhury,  MT,  Sarkar, et al	Operations Management Research	Economics | Économie	This research investigates the impacts of the novel coronavirus disease, also referred to as COVID-19 pandemic, on the food and beverage industry. We use a qualitative, multiple-case-study methodology, collecting data from eight sample companies with fourteen respondents in the food and beverage industry in Bangladesh. The findings show that the short-term impacts of this pandemic, such as product expiry, shortage of working capital, and limited operations of distributors, are severe, while the medium-to-long-term impacts promise to be complex and uncertain. In the longer term, various performance metrics, such as return on investment by the firms, the contribution of the firms to the gross domestic product (GDP), and employee size, are all expected to decrease.
Computational biophysical characterization of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binding with the ACE2 receptor and implications for infectivity	Chowdhury,  R,  Boorla, et al	Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	We computationally contrasted the binding interactions between human ACE2 and coronavirus spike protein receptor binding domain (RBD) of the 2002 epidemic-causing SARS-CoV-1, SARS-CoV-2, and bat coronavirus RaTG13 using the Rosetta energy function. We find that the RBD of the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 is highly optimized to achieve very strong binding with human ACE2 (hACE2) which is consistent with its enhanced infectivity. SARS-CoV-2 forms the most stable complex with hACE2 compared to SARS-CoV-1 (23% less stable) or RaTG13 (11% less stable). Notably, we calculate that the SARS-CoV-2 RBD lowers the binding strength of angiotensin 2 receptor type I (ATR1) which is the native binding partner of ACE2 by 44.2%. These results offer a computational explanation for the increased infection susceptibility by SARS-CoV-2 and allude to therapeutic modalities by identifying and rank-ordering the ACE2 residues involved in binding with the virus.
Living with arthritis: a “training camp” for coping with stressful events? A survey on resilience of arthritis patients following the COVID-19 pandemic	Ciaffi,  J,  Brusi, et al	Clinical rheumatology	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	Aim of our study was to investigate the levels of resilience in individuals with inflammatory arthritis living in Emilia Romagna, the third hardest-hit Italian region during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. o this purpose, we developed a survey consisting of four different sections assessing demographic characteristics, the 14-item resilience scale (RS14) and questionnaires evaluating depression and anxiety. One hundred twenty-two patients and 173 controls were included.  Levels of resilience, as measured by RS14 score, were significantly higher in patients with inflammatory arthritis (82.6 ± 14.0 vs 79.0 ± 12.8, p = 0.018). After stratification for gender, the difference in RS14 score was maintained in women (p = 0.045), but not in men (p = 0.252). High resilience, defined as having a RS14 score > 90, was significantly more prevalent in patients than in controls (30% vs 16%, p = 0.009).  Our findings suggest that patients with inflammatory arthritis may be more resilient than the general population towards unexpected stressful events such as the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.
32950636; Use of Nasoil® via intranasal to control the harmful effects of Covid-19	Cuevas-Barragan,  C,  Buenrostro-Nava, et al	Microbial pathogenesis	Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	This article is an attempt to propose ways to prevent, treat and control the COVID-19 virus, using a product based on plant extracts with the potential to reduce the symptoms caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Nasoil® counts as one of its main components, Asclepias curassavica extracts, and in the present study it has been shown that it is an effective adjuvant in the treatment of Covid-19, increasing the respiratory capacity of the patients (SpO2> 90%) and reducing the symptoms from the first application, improving the patients around the fifth to the eighth application. At a preventive level, the individuals in this study who have applied it (400 individuals) only a 3.15% of these presented symptoms, disappearing when increasing the weekly applications.
Exploring the SARS-CoV-2 proteome in the search of potential inhibitors via structure-based pharmacophore modeling/docking approach	Culletta,  G,  Gulotta, et al	Computation	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	In this paper, we selected the proteins encoded by SARS-CoV-2 and using homology modeling we identified the high-quality model of proteins. A structure-based pharmacophore modeling study was performed to identify the pharmacophore features for each target. The pharmacophore models were then used to perform a virtual screening against the DrugBank library. Potential inhibitors were identified for each target using XP docking and induced fit docking. MM-GBSA was also performed to better prioritize potential inhibitors. This study will provide new important comprehension of the crucial binding hot spots usable for further studies on COVID-19.
How achievable are COVID-19 clinical trial recruitment targets? A UK observational cohort study and trials registry analysis	Cunniffe,  NG,  Gunter, et al	BMJ Open	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	To analyse enrolment to interventional trials during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in England and describe the barriers to successful recruitment in the circumstance of a further wave or future pandemics. 2082 consecutive admitted patients with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection from 27 March 2020 were included. Analysis of trial registration data for COVID-19 treatment studies enrolling in England showed that by 12 July 2020, 29 142 participants were needed. In the observational study, 430 (20.7%) proceeded to randomisation. 82 (3.9%) declined participation, 699 (33.6%) were excluded on clinical grounds, 363 (17.4%) were medically fit for discharge and 153 (7.3%) were receiving palliative care. With 111 037 people hospitalised with COVID-19 in England by 12 July 2020, we determine that 22 985 people were potentially suitable for trial enrolment. easible recruitment rates, study design and proliferation of trials can limit the number, and size, that will successfully complete recruitment.
Testing mobile air purifiers in a school classroom: Reducing the airborne transmission risk for SARS‐CoV‐2	Curtius,  Joachim,  Granzin, et al	medRxiv	Transmission Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI)	Tested the efficiency and practicability of operating four air purifiers equipped with HEPA filters in a high school classroom while regular classes were taking place. Aerosol number concentration for particles > 3 nm, aerosol size distribution (10 nm to 10 μm range), PM10 and CO2 concentration were measured in classrooms with and without air filters. At times when the classroom was occupied and windows and doors were closed, aerosol concentration was reduced by more than 90 % within less than 30 minutes when running the purifiers (air exchange rate 5.5 h-1).
PMC7299115 and Abbvie. For the remaining authors, there are no conflicts of interest; Kinetic patterns of liver enzyme elevation with COVID-19 in the USA	Da,  BL,  Mitchell, et al	Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Five cases of COVID-19 associated liver enzyme elevations are reported. Infection related liver enzyme elevations occurred in a hepatocellular pattern and persisted throughout the initial hospitalization in all patients, but the clinical course of enzymes appears benign.
32965015; SARS-CoV-2 RNA contamination on surfaces of a COVID-19 ward in a hospital of Northern Italy: what risk of transmission?	D'Accolti,  M,  Soffritti, et al	European review for medical and pharmacological sciences	Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI) Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	Investigated virus contamination on surfaces of the acute COVID-19 ward of an Italian hospital, 6 hours post sanitization and environmental cleaning. The overall level of contamination was low, and contamination was only detected in three samples (sites floor and bathroom sink).
Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Among Pediatric Healthcare Workers in Spain	Dacosta-Urbieta,  A,  Rivero-Calle, et al	Frontiers in Pediatrics	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Immunology | Immunologie	Seroprevalance of healthcare workers at a Spanish hospital, 31-33 days since the national lock down, was investigated by rapid testing. Seven out of the 175 tests were positive, including four for IgM and three for IgG, leading to a seroprevalence of 4.0% (95% CI: 1.1–6.9%). Only one positive case reported symptoms at the time of testing (sore throat). All seropositive cases yielded negative RT-PCR of the upper and lower respiratory tract.
32946859; Relation of Statin Use Prior to Admission to Severity and Recovery Among COVID-19 Inpatients	Daniels,  LB,  Sitapati, et al	American Journal of Cardiology	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	Studied the association between use of statin/angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/ARB in the month before hospital admission, with risk of severe outcome, and with time to severe outcome or disease recovery, among patients hospitalized for COVID-19.Statin use prior to admission was associated with reduced risk of severe COVID-19 (adjusted OR 0.29, 95%CI 0.11 to 0.71, p < 0.01) and faster time to recovery among those without severe disease (adjusted HR for recovery 2.69, 95%CI 1.36 to 5.33, p < 0.01). The association between statin use and severe disease was smaller in the COVID-negative cohort (p for interaction = 0.07). There was potential evidence of faster time to recovery with statin/angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/ARB use (adjusted HR 1.92, 95%CI 0.81 to 4.56).
The impact of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic on elective paediatric otolaryngology outpatient services – An analysis of virtual outpatient clinics in a tertiary referral centre using the modified paediatric otolaryngology telemedicine satisfaction su	Darr,  A,  Senior, et al	International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	Evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on pediatric otolaryngology outpatient services whilst collating patient feedback to elicit long-term sustainability post COVID-19. The most common mode of consultation was telephony (92.5%, n = 185). Non-attendance rates were reduced when compared to face-to-face clinics during an equivalent period prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. A significant proportion of patients (29% compared to 26% pre-VOPC) were discharged to primary care. Nine percent were listed for surgery compared to 19% pre-VOPC. A subsequent face-to-face appointment was required in 10% of participants. Overall, the satisfaction when assessing the doctor-patient relationship, privacy & trust, as well as consultation domains was high
32976823; Impact of lockdown on the microbiological status of the hospital water network during COVID-19 pandemic	De Giglio,  O,  Diella, et al	Environmental research	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	Monitor the microbiological quality of the water network (coliforms, E. coli, Enterococci, P. aeruginosa, and Legionella) in three wards (A, B and C) of a large COVID-19 regional hospital, closed for three months due to the COVID-19 emergency. Results highlight the need to implement a water safety plan that includes staff training and a more rigorous environmental microbiological surveillance in all hospitals before occupying a closed ward for a longer than one week.
32964950; Lung ultrasound signs and cytokine profile in Covid-19 patients: a case series	Delrio,  S,  Vetrugno, et al	European review for medical and pharmacological sciences	Clinical data| Données cliniques	In this case series authors found no differences in the cytokine profile between the surviving and deceased COVID-19 patients.
What has been the impact of COVID-19 on safety culture? A case study from a large metropolitan healthcare trust	Denning,  M,  Goh, et al	International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	Safety Attitudes Questionnaire (SAQ) was used to investigate safety culture at a large UK healthcare trust during Covid-19. Differences in SAQ scores were observed during Covid-19 between professional groups when compared to baseline. Reductions in incident reporting were also seen. These changes may reflect perception of risk, changes in volume or nature of work. High-quality support for redeployed staff may be associated with improved safety perception during future pandemics
Outcomes of COVID-19 in living donor liver transplant (LDLT) recipients	Dhampalwar,  S,  Saigal, et al	Liver Transpl	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Present clinical experiences of 12 adult (11 males) living donor liver transplant (LDLT) recipients who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2.  Patients who develop disease in late post-transplant period may be at increased risk of severe disease due to co-morbidities. Findings suggest a favorable outcome of COVID-19 infection among liver transplant recipients.
Impact of physical inactivity and psychological interventions during the pandemic COVID 19 among chennai population	Dhivyadharshini,  J,  Somasundaram, et al	International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	A questionnaire was circulated among people enquiring about their stress level and also the impacts of it in their health status during this pandemic both physically and mentally. Sedentary lifestyle of the quarantined people makes them feel irritated and also causes lots of stress both mentally and physically. They were also able to feel the consequences of being physically inactive throughout.
Factors associated with hospital admission for COVID-19 in HIV patients	Di Biagio,  A,  Ricci, et al	Aids	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	This study reports on hospital admission and outcomes of 69 HIV-infected individuals who were diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection between February and May 2020, in a network of Italian centres. Patients' characteristics and median days between symptoms and diagnosis were similar by hospital admission, whereas admitted patients had lower nadir CD4 cells and current lymphocytes count. These values were also correlated to worse COVID-19 outcome. Antiretroviral drugs did not seem to be associated with disease severity.
PMC7532335; Identification and validation of predictive factors for progression to severe COVID-19 pneumonia by proteomics	Di,  B,  Jia, et al	Signal Transduct Target Ther	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	Characterize the proteomics signatures of COVID-19 patients, by performing a quantitative liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) proteomic analysis on the sera of  severe COVID-19 patients and the control group. Significantly different upregulated and downregulated proteins were identified between the sera of COVID-19 patients and healthy controls.
The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on conventional work settings	Diab-Bahman,  R,  Al-Enzi, et al	International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	Employees from Kuwait who are currently working from home were surveyed as to how the lockdown circumstances have impacted their conventional work expectations. It was found that most employees agreed that OWC need to be reviewed, and that the general sentiment was almost equally split on the efficiency of CWC in comparison to OWC, yet the majority was enjoying the flexible conditions. Moreover, the majority of respondents found that overall conventional work elements either remained the same or had been impacted positively rather than negatively.
Primary presentation of COVID-19 solely with gastrointestinal symptoms: a problem for the containment of the disease	Dietrich,  CG,  Hübner, et al	Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol	Clinical data| Données cliniques	This case report depicts the clinical course of an atypical COVID-19 case and discusses gastrointestinal COVID-manifestations and clinical consequences.
PMC7510499; Mathematical analysis of spread and control of the novel corona virus (COVID-19) in China	Din,  A,  Li, et al	Chaos Solitons Fractals	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Transmission Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	Proposed a robust transmission dynamics model for assisting health regulatory authorities in adopting safety measures and management strategies for controlling COVID-19  spread.
Incorporating Dynamic Flight Network in SEIR to Model Mobility between Populations	Ding,  Xiaoye,  Huang, et al	arXiv	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Transmission	Current efforts of modelling COVID-19 are often based on the standard compartmental models such as SEIR and their variations. As pre-symptomatic and asymptomatic cases can spread the disease between populations through travel, it is important to incorporate mobility between populations into the epidemiological modelling. In this work, we propose to modify the commonly-used SEIR model to account for the dynamic flight network, by estimating the imported cases based on the air traffic volume as well as the test positive rate at the source. This modification, called Flight-SEIR, can potentially enable 1). early detection of outbreaks due to imported pre-symptomatic and asymptomatic cases, 2). more accurate estimation of the reproduction number and 3). evaluation of the impact of travel restrictions and the implications of lifting these measures. The proposed Flight-SEIR is essential in navigating through this pandemic and the next ones, given how interconnected our world has become.
Psychological wellness of internal medicine hospitalists during the COVID-19 pandemic	Dugani,  SB,  Geyer, et al	Hosp Pract (1995)	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	Surveyed Internal Medicine hospitalists at Mayo Clinic sites in four states to determine psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Internal Medicine hospitalists. Study findings suggest, during the COVID-19 pandemic, Internal Medicine hospitalists reported lower global well-being, higher anxiety and social isolation, and a small decrease in emotional support.
32962125; RNAemia Corresponds to Disease Severity and Antibody Response in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients	Eberhardt,  KA,  Meyer-Schwickerath, et al	Viruses	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	Investigated if viral load dynamics in plasma and respiratory samples are associated with antibody response and severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in a patient sample (n=32). Based on study data, authors hypothesize early stages of SARS-CoV-2 infection is characterized by a primary RNAemia, as a potential manifestation of a systemic infection. Viral load in plasma seems to be associated with a worse disease outcome.
The Prognostic Value of Electrocardiogram at Presentation to Emergency Department in Patients With COVID-19	Elias,  P,  Poterucha, et al	Mayo Clinic proceedings	Clinical data| Données cliniques Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	The combination of abnormal respiratory vital signs and electrocardiogram findings of atrial fibrillation/flutter, right ventricular strain, or ST segment abnormalities accurately prognosticates early deterioration in patients (n=1258) with COVID-19 infection and may assist with patient triage.
The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the diagnosis and management of inborn errors of metabolism: A global perspective	Elmonem,  MA,  Belanger-Quintana, et al	Molecular genetics and metabolism	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	Impact of COVID-19 on patients suffering from inborn errors of metabolism  (IEM) among patients in  Europe, Asia and Africa are examined. The study finds a  60-80% reduction in IEM related services following the pandemic .
Physical Activity in Adolescents During the Social Distancing Policies of the COVID-19 Pandemic	Elnaggar,  RK,  Alqahtani, et al	Asia Pac J Public Health	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	Study aimed at exploring the gender-specific changes in physical activity level (PAL) and associated factors amid the COVID-19 pandemic and social distancing, among adolescents. Significant PAL decline was evidenced for the entire sample, PAL shifts notably affected among boys compared to  girls. Consistently, fitness variables (explosive strength, flexibility, and aerobic endurance) were positively correlated with PAL across the sample, and clearest associations were observed between baseline strength and aerobic endurance. with PAL.
Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Young Ophthalmologists in Cairo University Hospitals	El-Saied,  H,  Salah Eddin Abdelhakim, et al	Semin Ophthalmol	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	The  COVID-19 pandemic has negatively affected psychologically, education and practice levels of young ophthalmologists in Cairo, Egypt.
32970030; Broadening Our Bandwidth: A Multiple Case Report of Expanded Use of Telehealth Technology to Perform Wound Consultations During the COVID-19 Pandemic	Engels,  D,  Austin, et al	Journal of wound, ostomy, and continence nursing : official publication of The Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nurses Society	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	Presents experiences with use of telemedicine technologies to perform remote consultations within the acute care setting during the COVID-19 pandemic.
COVID-19 Viral Loads, Environment, Ventilation, Masks, Exposure Time, And Severity : A Pragmatic Guide Of Estimates	Epperly,  DavidE,  Caney, et al	medRxiv	Transmission Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI)	This study uses measured estimates of SARS-CoV-2 in the air in the literature with known Influenza A challenge doses from the literature and ASHRAE Office Ventilation standards and an Outdoor Air Exchange model to estimate the time necessary to cause various exposure levels and resulting infection potential in various indoor and outdoor settings of both infections. The estimates predict that most outdoor settings with a breeze as low as a mild 3 mph are likely to result in no or minor levels of infection, and attempt to quantify infection exposure risk in different indoor settings.
Strategies for infection control and prevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG in 4,554 employees of a university hospital in Munich, Germany	Erber,  Johanna,  Kappler, et al	medRxiv	Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI) Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	Analyzed the exposure characteristics, efficacy of protective measures, and transmission dynamics in this hospital-wide prospective seroprevalence study.  Overall seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2-IgG antibody was 2.4% [95% CI 1.9-2.9]. Patient-facing staff, including those working in COVID-19 areas, had a similar probability of being seropositive as non-patient-facing staff. Prior interaction with SARS-CoV-2-infected co-workers or private contacts and unprotected exposure to COVID-19 patients increased the probability of seropositivity. The rate of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections was 25.9%, and higher anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody titres were observed in symptomatic individuals
The Risk Distribution of COVID-19 in Indonesia: A Spatial Analysis	Eryando,  T,  Sipahutar, et al	Asia Pac J Public Health	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	Ecological study that used aggregate data to map and present COVID-19 risk distribution in Indonesia,.
Ibuprofen and NSAIDs use in COVID-19 infected patients is Not Associated with Worse Outcomes	Esba,  Laila Carolina Abu,  Alqahtani, et al	Research Square prepub	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	Ibuprofen acute use was not associated with a greater risk of mortality relative to nonusers (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 0·632 [95% CI, 0·073- 5·441; P=0·6758]). NSIAD chronic use was also not associated with greater risk of mortality (adjusted HR, 0·492 [95% CI, 0·178 - 1·362; P= 0·1721]). Ibuprofen acute use was not associated with a higher risk of admission compared to non-NSAID users (adjusted odds ratio OR, 1·271; 95% CI, 0·548 - 2·953). NSAID users did not have a significantly longer time to clinical improvement, or length of stay.
Benchmarking COVID-19 Mortality in the United States	Etzioni,  Ruth,  Markowitz, et al	medRxiv	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	We aim to provide a best-case estimate of COVID-19 deaths in the US by September 22nd using the experience of Germany as a benchmark. Our methods accommodate the differences in demographics between Germany and the US. We conclude that almost 80 percent of the COVID-19 deaths in the US by September 22nd could have been avoided with an early and effective response producing similar agespecific death rates among non-Hispanic whites as in Germany.
Political distrust and the spread of COVID-19 in Nigeria	Ezeibe,  CC,  Ilo, et al	Glob Public Health	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study explores the impact of political distrust on the spread of COVID-19 pandemic in Nigeria. The study found that political corruption motivates large-scale political distrust. This undermines public compliance to government protocols, limits the outcomes of government responses to COVID-19 and facilitates the spread of the virus in Nigeria.
An optimized deep learning architecture for the diagnosis of COVID-19 disease based on gravitational search optimization	Ezzat,  D,  Hassanien, et al	Applied Soft Computing Journal	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	In this paper, a novel approach called GSA-DenseNet121-COVID-19 based on a hybrid convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture is proposed using an optimization algorithm.
How COVID-19 changed the information needs of Italian citizens	Falcone,  R,  Sapienza, et al	International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The central focus of this research was to assess the information seeking behavior (ISB) of the Italian citizens, to understand how they related to information and how their specific use of information influenced public opinion. By making use of a survey addressed to 4260 Italian citizens, we identified extraordinarily virtuous behavior in the population. Comparing the ISB during and before COVID-19, we discovered that the shift in the ISB, during the pandemic, may have actually positively influenced public opinion, facilitating the acceptance of the costly restrictions introduced.
Vitamin D status and seroconversion for COVID-19 in UK healthcare workers who isolated for COVID-19 like symptoms during the 2020 pandemic	Faniyi,  AduragbemiA,  Lugg, et al	medRxiv	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	We aimed to determine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in NHS staff who have isolated with symptoms suggestive of COVID-19 and relate this to vitamin D status. Of the 392 NHS healthcare workers, 214 (55%) had seroconverted for COVID-19. A total of 61 (15.6%) members of staff were vitamin D deficient (<30 nmol/l) with significantly more staff from BAME backgrounds or in a junior doctor role being deficient.  Vitamin D deficiency is a risk factor for COVID-19 seroconversion for NHS healthcare workers especially in BAME male staff.
The relationship between neighborhood poverty and COVID-19 mortality within racial/ethnic groups (Cook County, Illinois)	Feldman,  JustinM,  Bassett, et al	medRxiv	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public Health Priorities| Priorités de santé publique	It is unclear whether non-Hispanic whites in high-poverty neighborhoods experience elevated mortality, or whether people of color living in wealthy areas are relatively protected. Within all racial/ethnic groups, COVID-19 mortality rates were greatest in the highest-poverty quartile and lowest in the lowest-poverty quartile. Our findings suggest racial/ethnic inequalities in COVID-19 mortality are partly, but not entirely, attributable to the higher average socioeconomic position of non-Hispanic whites relative to the nonHispanic Black and Hispanic/Latinx populations.
Chest pain presentations to hospital during the COVID-19 lockdown: lessons for public health media campaigns	Ferry,  AmyV,  Keanie, et al	medRxiv	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	To understand factors influencing patient decision to attend hospital, we performed a local service evaluation project in NHS Lothian. Online searches for the term chest pain doubled after 01/03/2020, peaking in week commencing 22/03/2020 and returning to 2019 levels during April 2020. In contrast, chest pain presentations to ED and CPC decreased, with the greatest reduction in the final week of March 2020. Patient interviews revealed three main themes; 1) pandemic help-seeking behaviour2) COVID-19 exposure concerns; 3) favourable Hospital experience if admitted.
Early experiences of radiographers in Ireland during the COVID-19 crisis	Foley,  SJ,  O’Loughlin, et al	Insights into Imaging	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This work describes the early experience of radiographers in Ireland to the impact of COVID-19 using two electronic surveys distributed 6 weeks apart. Clear communication regarding changing protocols and importantly patients’ infectious status are essential to safeguard healthcare workers and to minimise unnecessary anxiety and distress. Attention is required to staff mental health including the identification of burnout symptoms to prevent long-term negative consequences of the pandemic on radiography services.
Locally informed modeling to predict hospital and intensive care unit capacity during the COVID-19 epidemic	Fort,  D,  Seoane, et al	Ochsner Journal	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	Our study objective was to demonstrate the application of a practical, locally informed model to estimate the hospital capacity needed even though the community COVID-19 caseload was unknown. Initially, the observed ICU census trended near R0=2.0, whereas the ventilator census trended between R0=2.0 and 3.0. After implementing social distancing, both the ICU and ventilator capacity trended toward R0=1.3, while non-ICU medical/surgical beds trended toward R0=1.5. When disease testing is limited or results are delayed, ICU admissions data can inform SIR models of the rate of spread of COVID-19 in a community.
32965501; Association of Red Blood Cell Distribution Width With Mortality Risk in Hospitalized Adults With SARS-CoV-2 Infection	Foy,  BH,  Carlson, et al	JAMA network open	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	We investigate whether an association between mortality risk and elevated RDW at hospital admission and during hospitalization exists in patients with COVID-19. Elevated RDW at the time of hospital admission and an increase in RDW during hospitalization were associated with increased mortality risk for patients with COVID-19 who received treatment at 4 hospitals in a large academic medical center network.
Incidence of Deep Venous Thrombosis in Patients With COVID-19 and Pulmonary Embolism: Compression Ultrasound COVID Study	Franco-Moreno,  A,  Herrera-Morueco, et al	J Ultrasound Med	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	The objective of this study was to evaluate the incidence of DVT in patients with COVID‐19 who developed PE. Our study showed a low incidence of DVT in a cohort of patients with COVID‐19 and PE. This observation suggests that PE in these patients could be produced mainly by a local thromboinflammatory syndrome induced by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection and not by a thromboembolic event.
Communicating personalised risks from COVID-19: guidelines from an empirical study	Freeman,  AlexandraLJ,  Kerr, et al	medRxiv	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	Based on empirical work (total n=5,520, UK) supported by in-person interviews with public and physicians, we make recommendations on the presentation of personalised estimates of the risks faced by groups of people with different characteristics.
A Prospective Study of Neurologic Disorders in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients in New York City	Frontera,  JA,  Sabadia, et al	Neurology	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	To determine the prevalence and associated mortality of well-defined neurologic diagnoses among COVID-19 patients, we prospectively followed hospitalized SARS-Cov-2 positive patients and recorded new neurologic disorders and hospital outcomes. Of 4,491 COVID-19 patients hospitalized during the study timeframe, 606 (13.5%) developed a new neurologic disorder in a median of 2 days from COVID-19 symptom onset. The most common diagnoses were: toxic/metabolic encephalopathy (6.8%), seizure (1.6%), stroke (1.9%), and hypoxic/ischemic injury (1.4%). Neurologic disorders were associated with increased risk of in-hospital mortality and decreased likelihood of discharge home. Many observed neurologic disorders may be sequelae of severe systemic illness.
32979474; IFN-γ is an independent risk factor associated with mortality in patients with moderate and severe COVID-19 infection	Gadotti,  AC,  de Castro Deus, et al	Virus research	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique Immunology | Immunologie	We proposed a study in patients with moderate to severe COVID-19 infection to evaluate the interleukin patterns and its role as prognosis factors. We evaluated the Th1 and Th2 responses according to evolution, distinguishing possible predictive markers. The IFN-γ median of 323 pg/mL [IQR 166−570] was found in patients who died and 208 pg/mL [IQR 155−392] in the survival group (p = 0.017). Our results suggest that the activation of the host immune response between Th1 or Th2 in COVID-19 infection may be related to the final result between discharge or death. This implies an attempt to control cytokines, such as IFN-γ, with combined therapies for clinical treatment.
Coronavirus-Related Anxiety, Social Isolation, and Loneliness in Older Adults in Northern California during the Stay-at-Home Order	Gaeta,  L,  Brydges, et al	J Aging Soc Policy	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study aimed to determine the prevalence of and associations between anxiety, social isolation, and loneliness in a sample of older adults in Northern California during the stay-at-home order enacted during the COVID-19 pandemic. 514 older adults completed a 24-item survey. Perceived isolation and loneliness were reported in 56.4% and 36.0% of participants, respectively. Loneliness was found to be associated with both social isolation and COVID-19-related anxiety; however, social isolation and coronavirus-related anxiety were unrelated.
PMC7532735; Predicting the response of the dental pulp to SARS-CoV2 infection: a transcriptome-wide effect cross-analysis	Galicia,  JC,  Guzzi, et al	Genes Immun	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	Here, we determined the expression of the SARS-CoV2 receptor, angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and its associated cellular serine protease TPMRSS2 in the dental pulp under normal and inflamed conditions. Next, we explored the relationship between the SARS-CoV-2/human interactome and genes expressed in pulpitis. Our results suggest that the dental pulp is vulnerable to SARS-CoV2 infection and that SARS-CoV-2 infection of the dental pulp may contribute to worse outcomes of pulpitis.
Religious affiliation and the risk of COVID 19 related mortality; a retrospective analysis of variation in pre and post lockdown risk by religious group in England and Wales	Gaughan,  Charlotte,  Ayoubkhani, et al	medRxiv	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	We sought to understand the variation in the risk of COVID 19 related death across religious groups in the UK both before and after lockdown. Compared to Christians all religious groups had an elevated risk of death involving COVID-19; the largest age adjusted HRs were for Muslim and Jewish males at 2.5 (95% confidence interval 2.3-2.7) and 2.1 (1.9-2.5), respectively. Those who affiliated with no religion had the lowest risk of COVID 19 related death before and after lockdown.
32841686; Evaluation of disinfection procedures in a designated hospital for COVID-19	Ge,  T,  Lu, et al	American Journal of Infection Control	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI)	This study aimed to investigate the contamination of environment in isolation wards and sewage, and assess the quality of routine disinfection procedures in our hospital.  A total of 163 samples were collected from February 6 to April 4. Among 122 surface samples, 2 were positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 RNA detection. One was collected from the flush button of the toilet bowl, and the other was collected from a hand-basin. Although 10 of the sewage samples were positive for viral RNA detection, all positive samples were negative for viral culture.
Is extensive cardiopulmonary screening useful in athletes with previous asymptomatic or mild SARS-CoV-2 infection?	Gervasi,  SF,  Pengue, et al	Br J Sports Med	Clinical data| Données cliniques Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	The aim of this study is to understand which investigations are useful in a screening protocol aimed at protecting health but also avoiding inappropriate examinations. We conducted a cohort study of a professional soccer team that is based on an extensive screening protocol for resuming training during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this small cohort of athletes with previous asymptomatic/mild SARS-CoV-2 infection, a comprehensive screening protocol including blood tests, spirometry, resting ECG, stress-test ECG with oxygen saturation monitoring and echocardiogram did not identify relevant anomalies. While larger studies are needed, extensive cardiorespiratory and haematological screening in athletes with asymptomatic/mild SARS-CoV-2 infection appears unnecessary.
The impact of COVID-19 on project delivery: A perspective from the construction sector in the United Arab Emirates	Ghandour,  A	Humanities and Social Sciences Reviews	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The study aimed at establishing the implications of the COVID-19 pandemic on project delivery in the UAE with a significant focus on the construction industry. The study also sought to determine some of the negative implications of COVID-19 for the construction industry. The study findings revealed that there is a statistically significant effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the number of days taken to complete projects in the construction industry in the UAE. The findings of the study revealed that the pandemic resulted in a lack of access to raw materials and labor.
Crisis change management during COVID-19 in the elective orthopaedic hospital: Easing the trauma burden of acute hospitals	Gibbons,  JP,  Forman, et al	Surgeon	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This paper details the steps that were taken in planning for such a change in management specific to the orthopaedic surgery setting and the lessons learnt during this process. The success of the development of this pathway was facilitated by clear communication channels, flexibility to adapt to changing process and feedback from all stakeholders.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) complicated by Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum and Pneumothorax	Gillespie,  M,  Dincher, et al	Respiratory Medicine Case Reports	Clinical data| Données cliniques	We present a less commonly reported complications of progressive COVID-19, spontaneous pneumomediastinum and spontaneous pneumothorax, highlighted in this case.
In vitro efficacy of Artemisinin-based treatments against SARS-CoV-2	Gilmore,  Kerry,  Zhou, et al	bioRxiv	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	We report in vitro efficacy of Artemisia annua extracts as well as artemisinin, artesunate, and artemether against SARS-CoV-2. The latter two are approved active pharmaceutical ingredients of anti-malarial drugs. Proof-of-concept for prophylactic efficacy of the extracts was obtained using a plaque-reduction assay in VeroE6 cells. Clinical studies are required to further evaluate the utility of these compounds as COVID-19 treatment.
Temporal Analysis of COVID-19 Convalescent Plasma Donations Reveals Significant Decrease in Neutralizing Capacity Over Time	Girardin,  Roxie,  Dupuis, et al	medRxiv	Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	We measured the neutralizing capacity of 981 samples from 196 COVID-19 convalescent plasma (CCP) donors 7-119 days post initial donation (DPID). Neutralizing capacity was assessed for 50% (PRNT50) and 90% (PRNT90) reduction of infectious virus using the gold standard plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT). Importantly, while 32.7%/79.5% (PRNT90/PRNT50) of donations met the FDA minimum titer of 1:80 initially, only 14.0%/48.8% (PRNT90/PRNT50) met this cut-off ≥85 DPID.  This information provides a new basis for refining the recommended properties of CCP that is used to treat severe COVID-19.
European and US lockdowns and second waves during the COVID-19 pandemic	Glass,  DH	Mathematical biosciences	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	This paper investigates the lockdowns to contain the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus in France, Germany, Italy, Spain, the UK and the US and also recent developments since these lockdowns have been relaxed. The analysis employs a two-stage SEIR model with different reproductive numbers pre- and post-lockdown.  The results show the extent to which each country was successful in reducing the reproductive number and demonstrate how the approach is able to model recent increases in the number of cases in all six countries, including the second peak in the US. The results also indicate that the current levels of relaxation in all five European countries could lead to significant second waves that last longer than the corresponding first waves.
Impact of pre-existing SARS-CoV-2 reactive T cells in uninfected individuals on COVID-19 mortality in different countries	Glinsky,  Gennadi	medRxiv	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Immunology | Immunologie	Here, the potential impact of pre-existing T cell reactivity against SARC-CoV-2 in uninfected individuals on markedly different COVID-19 mortality levels in different countries has been investigated. Observations support the model that the level of pre-existing SARS-CoV-2 reactive T cells is one of the important determinants of the innate herd immunity against COVID-19. Together with the consistent social measures directed to limit the virus spread, high levels of pre-existing SARS-CoV-2 reactive T cells appear significant determinants diminishing the COVID-19 mortality.
Using Soccer Games as an Instrument to Forecast the Spread of COVID-19 in Europe	Gomez,  Juan-Pedro,  Mironov, et al	SSRN- Lancet prepublication	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	We provide strong empirical support for the contribution of soccer matches held in Europe during the first quarter of 2020 to the spread of the COVID-19 virus. We analyze more than 1,000 games across 194 regions from 10 European countries. Daily cases of COVID-19 grow significantly faster in regions where at least one soccer game took place two weeks earlier.
Short-term emotional impact of COVID-19 pandemic on Spaniard health workers	Gonzalo,  RM,  Ana, et al	Journal of affective disorders	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	The aims of this study were to evaluate the short-term impact of 2019-nCoV outbreak on the mental/psychological state of Spaniard health care workers (HCWs) and to explore the influencing factors, including organizational factors. A total of 1407 subjects were included in final analyses. 24.7% (348 out of 1407) of HCWs reported symptoms of acute stress (SARS-Q measurement) and 53.6% (754 out of 1407) reported symptoms related to poorer general health (GHQ-28 measurement).
Development of a customised data management system for a COVID-19-adapted colorectal cancer pathway	Gunn,  Frances,  Miller, et al	medRxiv	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	To mitigate the risks of those referred with possible colorectal cancer during the pandemic we implemented a clinical pathway which required a customised data management system for robust operation. Here, we describe the principal concepts and evaluation of the performance of a spreadsheet-based data management system.
SARS-CoV-2 outbreak investigation in a German meat processing plant	Günther,  T,  Czech-Sioli, et al	EMBO Mol Med	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	We describe a multifactorial investigation of a SARS‐CoV‐2 outbreak in a large meat processing complex in Germany. Infection event timing, spatial, climate and ventilation conditions in the processing plant, sharing of living quarters and transport, and viral genome sequences were analyzed. Our results suggest that a single index case transmitted SARS‐CoV‐2 to co‐workers over distances of more than 8 meters, within a confined work area in which air is constantly recirculated and cooled. Viral genome sequencing shows that all cases share a set of mutations representing a novel sub‐branch in the SARS‐CoV‐2 C20 clade. We identified the same set of mutations in samples collected in the time period between this initial infection cluster and a subsequent outbreak within the same factory, with the largest number of confirmed SARS‐CoV‐2 cases in a German meat processing facility reported so far.
Coping styles and mental health in response to societal changes during the COVID-19 pandemic	Gurvich,  C,  Thomas, et al	Int J Soc Psychiatry	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The aim of this study was to gain an understanding of psychosocial responses to the COVID-19 pandemic, including depression, anxiety and distress, as well as effective coping styles in an Australian sample. A sample of 1,495 adults, residing in Australia between April 3rd and May 3rd 2020, completed an online survey. 47% of the respondents were experiencing some degree of psychological distress. Females experienced higher levels of depression, anxiety and stress than males. Coping strategies associated with better mental health were positive reframing, acceptance and humour. Conversely, self-blame, venting, behavioural disengagement and self-distraction were associated with poorer mental health.
PMC7513817; Data on early assessment of knowledge, attitudes, and behavioral responses to COVID-19 among Connecticut residents	Ha,  TH,  Schensul, et al	Data Brief	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The survey dataset presented in this article examines COVID-19-related knowledge, attitudes, perceived risk and adoption of prevention behaviors. The survey was conducted anonymously among non-random sample of 464 Connecticut residents in the early stage of social distancing and shutdown from March 23 to March 29, 2020. The data provides necessary evidence to develop effective communication messages and prevention strategy to address the COVID-19 and future pandemic.
Virtually in this together–how web-conferencing systems enabled a new virtual togetherness during the COVID-19 crisis	Hacker,  J,  vom Brocke, et al	European Journal of Information Systems	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	Starting in March 2020, we collected about 3 million tweets that document people’s use of web-conferencing systems (WCS) like Zoom during the COVID-19 crisis. e derive five affordances of and five constraints to the use of WCS during the crisis. Based on our analysis, our argument is that WCS emerged as a social technology that led to a new virtual togetherness by facilitating access to everyday activities and contacts that were “locked away” because of COVID-19-mitigation efforts. We find that WCS facilitated encounters that could not have taken place otherwise and that WCS use led to a unique blending of various aspects of people’s lives.
Implications of COVID-19 on time-sensitive STEMI care: A report from a North American epicenter	Haddad,  K,  Potter, et al	Cardiovascular Revascularization Medicine	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	We evaluated the early impact of the pandemic on ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) performance in the Greater Montreal Area.  A total of 167 patients from 3 different study periods were included. The number of STEMI admissions was unaffected during the lockdown. However, significantly longer delays between symptom onset and first medical contact (FMC) were noted. In contrast, additional safety protocols do not appear to have significantly affected delays between FMC and first intracoronary device activation. Patients that presented during the outbreak were more likely to be unstable with a higher incidence of Killip classes II-IV. Worse in-hospital outcomes were also noted with a significantly higher rate of major adverse cardiac events.
Characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 in patients with HIV: a multicentre research network study	Hadi,  YB,  Naqvi, et al	Aids	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	Fifty thousand one hundred and sixty-seven patients with COVID-19 were identified. patients with concurrent HIV (PLH) were more likely to be men, African–American, obese and have concurrent hypertension, diabetes, chronic kidney disease and nicotine dependence compared with non-PLH cohort (all P values <0.05). In unmatched analysis, PLH had higher mortality at 30 days and were more likely to need inpatient services. After propensity score matching, no difference in mortality was noted. A higher proportion of PLH group needed inpatient services. Mean C-reactive protein, ferritin, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and lactate dehydrogenase levels after COVID-19 diagnosis were not statistically different and mortality was not different for PLH with a history of antiretroviral treatment.
Characterization of local SARS-CoV-2 isolatesand pathogenicity in IFNAR−/- mice	Hanifehnezhad,  A,  Kehribar, et al	Heliyon	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Animal model | Modèle animal	This study was carried out to isolate SARS-CoV-2 viruses circulating in Anatolia, and to investigate virus propagation in frequently-used cells and experimental animals. Genome sequencing revealed the viruses to be well-conserved, with less than 1% diversity compared to the prototype virus. The analysis of the viral genomes, along with the available 62 complete genomes from Anatolia, showed limited diversity (up to 0.2% on deduced amino acids) and no evidence of recombination. The most prominent sequence variation was observed on the spike protein, resulting in the substitution D614G, with a prevalence of 56.2%. The isolates produced non-fatal infection in the transgenic type I interferon knockout (IFNAR−/-) mice, with varying neutralizing antibody titers. Hyperemia, regional consolidation and subpleural air accumulation was observed on necropsy, with similar histopathological and immunohistochemistry findings in the lungs, heart, stomach, intestines, liver, spleen and kidneys. Peak viral loads were detected in the lungs, with virus RNA present in the kidneys, jejunum, liver, spleen and heart.
Prediction and analysis of Corona Virus Disease 2019	Hao,  Y,  Xu, et al	PLoS One	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	In this study, the development trend analysis of the cumulative confirmed cases, cumulative deaths, and cumulative cured cases was conducted based on data from Wuhan, Hubei Province, China from January 23, 2020 to April 6, 2020 using an Elman neural network, long short-term memory (LSTM), and support vector machine (SVM). A SVM with fuzzy granulation was used to predict the growth range of confirmed new cases, new deaths, and new cured cases. The experimental results showed that the Elman neural network and SVM used in this study can predict the development trend of cumulative confirmed cases, deaths, and cured cases, whereas LSTM is more suitable for the prediction of the cumulative confirmed cases. The SVM with fuzzy granulation can successfully predict the growth range of confirmed new cases and new cured cases, although the average predicted values are slightly large.
COVID‐19 post hematopoietic cell transplant, a report of 11 cases from a single center	Haroon,  A,  Alnassani, et al	Mediterranean Journal of Hematology and Infectious Diseases	Clinical data| Données cliniques	We herein report the onset, progression, and outcome of 11 sequential cases of hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) recipients infected by SARS‐CoV‐2 treated in our center. The patients' age ranged from 17 to 60 years, the duration from transplant to infection ranged from day +5 to 192 months, six patients were post-allo-HCT, four post-auto-HCT, and one had both allo and auto-HCT. The presenting symptoms were not different from other viral illnesses. The majority (seven patients) had mild COVID-19 stage, while 3 had a moderate stage on presentation. None of the patients required oxygen supplementation nor mechanical ventilation.
The Impact of Differing COVID-19 Mitigation Policies: Three Natural Experiments	Haynes,  KingsleyE,  Kulkarni, et al	SSRN- Lancet prepublication	Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	This paper presents a comparison of the COVID-19 infections between a select pair of neighboring states and their border county regions where the policies of the Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions (NPI) such as Lockdown/Stay-at-Home differ. In each case the policies on each side of the border differ and the border is clearly designated by a river separation. Based on the Diff-in-Diff model output, state policies appear to make a significant difference in some of these specific border regions, at least early in the pandemic (April-June 2020). State level results are mixed reflecting spatial heterogeneity across the inter-state system.
An analysis of initial service transformation in response to the COVID-19 pandemic in two inner-city substance misuse services	Hazan,  J,  Congdon, et al	Journal of Substance Use	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	To examine the strategy and operational delivery of two London boroughs and measure how convergent they were with national guidelines. Referral data were analyzed and compared to a similar time frame pre-COVID-19.  Both services adopted similar strategies and pace of change. Longer supplies of opiate substitution therapy (OST) were prescribed, with less restrictive arrangements for collection. There was an increase in opiate assessments and a reduction in alcohol assessments. There was no overall increase in mortality. There was minor deviation from national guidance when it was initially published.
The accounting, budgeting and fiscal impact of COVID-19 on the United Kingdom	Heald,  D,  Hodges, et al	Journal of Public Budgeting, Accounting and Financial Management	Economics | Économie	This paper analyses the nature and impact of budgetary responses to the pandemic in the context of the strengths and weaknesses of UK public sector financial management. There have been dramatic effects on UK government finances. Government receipts have fallen by 12% and expenditures have increased by 36% in the first three months of the crisis (April–June 2020), compared to the previous year. Government debt increased to £1,984bn (99.6% of GDP), the highest percentage since March 1961 (ONS, 2020c). The pandemic will have the greatest impact on UK public finances in 2020–21, with a record budget deficit which, under the OBR (2020c) central scenario, may approach £322bn and increase public sector net debt to £2,205bn (104.1% of GDP).
Improving the performance of CNN to predict the likelihood of COVID-19 using chest X-ray images with preprocessing algorithms	Heidari,  M,  Mirniaharikandehei, et al	International journal of medical informatics	Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	This study aims to develop and test a new computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) scheme of chest X-ray images to detect coronavirus (COVID-19) infected pneumonia. The CNN-based CAD scheme yields an overall accuracy of 94.5 % (2404/2544) with a 95 % confidence interval of [0.93,0.96] in classifying 3 classes. CAD also yields 98.4 % sensitivity (124/126) and 98.0 % specificity (2371/2418) in classifying cases with and without COVID-19 infection. However, without using two preprocessing steps, CAD yields a lower classification accuracy of 88.0 % (2239/2544).
Working Paper: Exceptionally Many Vulnerable – 'Dry Tinder' – in Sweden Prior to COVID-19	Herby,  Jonas	SSRN- Lancet prepublication	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	My results show that a large share of the excess mortality in Sweden in April 2020 may be partially explained by a vulnerable, elderly population due to very mild flu seasons in 18/19 and 19/20 as well as very few deaths during the 2019 summer compared to earlier years and compared to other Nordic countries.
Multi-omics highlights ABO plasma protein as a causal risk factor for COVID-19	Hernandez Cordero,  AnaI,  Li, et al	medRxiv	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	We therefore used an integrative genomics (IG) approach to identify candidate genes responsible for COVID-19 and its severity. We found that the expression of 20 genes in lung and 31 genes in blood was associated with COVID-19. Plasma ABO protein, which is associated with blood type in humans, demonstrated a significant causal relationship with COVID-19 in MR analysis; increased plasma levels were associated with an increased risk of having COVID-19 and risk of severe COVID-19.
COVID-19 Outbreaks in Refugee Camps. A simulation study	Hernandez-Suarez,  Carlos,  Verme, et al	medRxiv	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Transmission	We built a mathematical model for SARS-CoV-2 transmission and analyze it using both a deterministic and a stochastic approach. We used this model to project the burden of the disease in refugee camps characterized by peculiar demographic characteristics and a high level of deprivation, including lack of medical facilities and personnel, as well as limited possibility to implement containment and quarantine measures. We projected the burden in terms of number of infections, number of deaths and number of bed-days in hospitalization and intensive care, among others. We conclude that the harsh conditions of refugee camps combined with a high share of young people leads to a relatively mild scenario for the burden of the disease.
32960013; Management of Orthopaedic Emergencies During a Pandemic: Compartment Syndrome of the Hand in a Patient with COVID-19: A Case Report	Hill,  KL,  Wu, et al	JBJS case connector	Clinical data| Données cliniques	A 58-year-old man presented with acute respiratory distress syndrome and coagulopathy secondary to COVID-19. He developed acute compartment syndrome (ACS) of the left hand. He underwent a bedside 10-compartment decompression of the hand with volar forearm and carpal tunnel release while in the ICU.
The impact of planning for COVID-19 on private practising midwives in Australia	Homer,  CSE,  Davies-Tuck, et al	Women and Birth	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	To explore the experience of privately practicing midwives (PPMs) in relation to the response to planning for the COVID-19 pandemic. An online survey was distributed through social media and personal networks to privately practicing midwives in Australia in April 2020.  One hundred and three privately practicing midwives responded to the survey. The majority (82%) felt very, or well informed, though nearly half indicated they would value specifically tailored information especially from professional bodies. One third (35%) felt prepared regarding PPE but many lacked masks, gowns and gloves, hand sanitizer and disinfectant. Sixty four percent acquired PPE through social media community sharing sites, online orders, hardware stores or made masks. Sixty-eight percent of those with collaborative arrangements with local hospitals reported a lack of support and were unable to support women who needed transfer to hospital. The majority (93%) reported an increase in the number of enquiries relating to homebirth.
Intra-county modeling of COVID-19 infection with human mobility: assessing spatial heterogeneity with business traffic, age and race	Hou,  Xiao,  Gao, et al	medRxiv	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	we develop a new human mobility flow-augmented stochastic SEIR-style epidemic modeling framework with the ability to distinguish different regions and their corresponding behavior. This new modeling framework is then combined with data assimilation and machine learning techniques to reconstruct the historical growth trajectories of COVID-19 confirmed cases in two counties in Wisconsin. The associations between the spread of COVID-19 and human mobility, business foot-traffic, race & ethnicity, and age-group are then investigated. The results reveal that in a college town (Dane County) the most important heterogeneity is spatial, while in a large city area (Milwaukee County) racial-ethnic heterogeneity becomes more apparent. Scenario studies further indicate a strong response of the spread rate on various reopening policies, which suggests that policymakers may need to take these heterogeneities into account very carefully when designing policies for mitigating the spread of COVID-19 and reopening.
Comparing biomarkers for COVID-19 disease with commonly associated preexisting conditions and complications	Huang,  Jesse	medRxiv	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	This study aims to examine the plasma protein profile of COVID-19 patients and evaluate overlapping protein modules with biomarkers of common comorbidities. Blood samples were collected from COVID-19 cases (n=307) and negative controls (n=78) among patients with acute respiratory distress. Several proteins were differentially expressed in COVID-19, including multiple pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IFN-gamma, CXCL10, and CCL7/MCP-3. Elevated IL-6 was associated with increased severity, while baseline IL1RL1/ST2 levels were associated with a worse prognosis. Network analysis identified several protein modules associated with COVID-19 disease characteristics overlapping with processes of preexisting hypertension and impaired kidney function. BNP and NTpro-BNP, markers for MI and stroke, increased with disease progression and were positively associated with severity. MMP12 was similarly elevated and has been previously linked to smoking and inflammation in emphysema, along with increased cardiovascular disease risk.
Progressive CT findings and positive RT-PCR again of recovered and discharged patients with COVID-19	Huang,  L,  Deng, et al	Journal of Thoracic Disease	Clinical data| Données cliniques	A patient with COVID-19 who satisfied the criteria for discharge (absence of clinical symptoms, substantial improvement of acute exudative lesion on CT images, and 2 consecutively negative RT-PCR test results) had a fever, processive CT findings and positive RT-PCR test results 5 days later. These findings indicated that at least a proportion of recovered patients might still carry virus, though his SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid tests were negative through twice nasopharyngeal swabs. We speculated that SARS-CoV-2 was still active in lower respiratory tract, which was also supported by multiple GGOs and linear consolidation on CT images.
How resilient is your team? Exploring healthcare providers’ well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic	Huffman,  EM,  Athanasiadis, et al	American Journal of Surgery	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	We sought to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the psychological well-being of medical providers, medical trainees, and administrators at a large academic center to identify stressors and moderators to guide future mental health and hospital-system interventions. A total of 785 participants completed the survey. The majority of respondents rated their stress to be significantly increased during the pandemic. Respondents’ fear of transmitting the virus to their family members was a significant stressor. Higher resilience was associated with lower stress, anxiety, fatigue, and sleep disturbances. Overall, respondents felt supported by their departments and institution and felt contingency plans and personal protective equipment were adequate.
32965502; Risk Factors for Hospitalization, Mechanical Ventilation, or Death Among 10 131 US Veterans With SARS-CoV-2 Infection	Ioannou,  GN,  Locke, et al	JAMA network open	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	Objective: To identify excess risk and risk factors associated with hospitalization, mechanical ventilation, and mortality in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. This longitudinal cohort study included 88 747 patients tested for SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid by polymerase chain reaction between Feburary 28 and May 14, 2020, and followed up through June 22, 2020, in the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) national health care system, including 10 131 patients (11.4%) who tested positive.  The 10 131 veterans with SARS-CoV-2 were predominantly male,  with diverse race/ethnicity.  Compared with patients who tested negative for SARS-CoV-2, those who tested positive had higher rates of 30-day hospitalization, mechanical ventilation, and death. Among patients who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, characteristics significantly associated with mortality included older age, high regional COVID-19 disease burden, higher Charlson comorbidity index score, fever, dyspnea, and abnormalities in the certain blood tests, which exhibited dose-response associations with mortality, including aspartate aminotransferase, creatinine, and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio. With the exception of geographic region, the same covariates were independently associated with mechanical ventilation along with Black race, male sex, diabetes, and hypertension Most deaths in this cohort occurred in patients with age of 50 years or older (63.4%), male sex (12.3%), and Charlson Comorbidity Index score of at least 1 (11.1%). .
Dreaming in the time of COVID-19: A quali-quantitative italian study	Iorio,  I,  Sommantico, et al	Dreaming	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The present study included a sample of 796 subjects (73.2% women; ages 18-79 years, M= 30.3, SD = 12.8). Participants were asked to complete a dream questionnaire, as well as to report their most recent dream, by responding to specific questions related to the content of their dream. Results indicate the following: Female participants were higher recallers than men and reported higher emotional intensity and a predominantly negative emotional tone of their dreams, as well as higher negative emotions and sensory impressions in their most recent dreams; 159 dreams (20%) included explicit COVID-19 references; participants knowing people affected by or who have died of COVID-19 report higher emotional intensity and sensory impressions in their most recent dreams; and the most recent dreams have been set in external locations and have presented strong negative emotions, especially with respect to dangerous, violent, and frustrating situations.
Integrative transcriptomics analysis of lung epithelial cells and identification of repurposable drug candidates for COVID-19	Islam,  T,  Rahman, et al	European journal of pharmacology	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	In this study, we aimed to decode molecular signatures and pathways of the host cells in response to SARS-CoV-2 and the rapid identification of repurposable drugs using bioinformatics and network biology strategies. We detected 177 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) specific for COVID-19 where 122 were upregulated and 55 were downregulated compared to control (FDR<0.05 and logFC ≥ 1). The DEGs were significantly involved in the immune and inflammatory response. The pathway analysis revealed the DEGs were found in influenza A, measles, cytokine signaling in the immune system, interleukin-4, interleukin −13, interleukin −17 signaling, and TNF signaling pathways. Protein-protein interaction analysis showed 10 hub genes (BIRC3, ICAM1, IRAK2, MAP3K8, S100A8, SOCS3, STAT5A, TNF, TNFAIP3, TNIP1). The regulatory network analysis showed significant transcription factors (TFs) that target DEGs, namely FOXC1, GATA2, YY1, FOXL1, NFKB1. Finally, drug repositioning analysis was performed with these 10 hub genes and showed that in silico validated three drugs with molecular docking. The transcriptomics signatures, molecular pathways, and regulatory biomolecules shed light on candidate biomarkers and drug targets which have potential roles to manage COVID-19. ICAM1 and TNFAIP3 were the key hubs that have demonstrated good binding affinities with repurposed drug candidates. Dabrafenib, radicicol, and AT-7519 were the top-scored repurposed drugs that showed efficient docking results when they tested with hub genes.
Post-infection depressive, anxiety and post-traumatic stress symptoms: a retrospective cohort study with mild COVID-19 patients	Ismael,  Flavia,  Bizario, et al	medRxiv	Clinical data| Données cliniques	In this retrospective cohort study, nasopharyngeal swabs for COVID-19 tests were collected at patients homes under the supervision of trained healthcare personnel. Patients who tested positive for COVID-19 and were classified as mild cases (N=895) at treatment intake were further assessed for the presence of mental health disorders (on average, 56.6 days after the intake). We investigated the association between the number of COVID-19 symptoms at intake and depressive, anxiety and post-traumatic symptoms, adjusting for previous mental health status, time between baseline and outcome, and other confounders. A clinically significant level of depressive, anxiety and post-traumatic stress symptoms were reported by 26.2% (N=235), 22.4% (N=201), and 17.3% (N=155) of the sample. Reporting an increased number of COVID-related symptoms was associated with clinically significant level of depressive (aOR=1.059;95%CI=1.002-1.119), anxiety (aOR=1.072;95%CI=1.012-1.134), and post-traumatic stress (aOR=1.092;95%CI=1.024-1.166) symptoms. Sensitivity analyses supported findings for both continuous and categorical measures.
Impact of societal restrictions and lockdown on trauma admissions during the COVID-19 pandemic: a single-centre cross-sectional observational study	Jacob,  S,  Mwagiru, et al	ANZ Journal of Surgery	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	We assessed the impact of COVID-19 related societal restrictions and lockdown on trauma admissions to single level 1 trauma centre in Westmead, Australia. There was a 23–34% decrease (P = 0.018) in the mean monthly average trauma admissions during March/April 2020 compared with previous years 2016–2019. In addition, there was a 40–52% decrease (P = 0.025) and 13–29% decrease (P = 0.020) in admissions due to road traffic collisions and falls respectively.
Knowledge and awareness about thrombocytopenia associated with COVID-19	Jayadharani,  C,  Gayatri Devi, et al	International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The aim of this study is to study the knowledge and awareness about thrombocytopenia associated with COVID-19. The questionnaire was prepared and circulated among adults of hundred participants through Google forms an online website. The questionnaire was prepared to analyse the knowledge of thrombocytopenia associated with COVID-19. Results were analysed by using SPSS software version 20. From this study, 100% of the participants gave a positive response when asked about thrombocytopenia associated with COVID-19 and nd also aware of thrombocytopenia associated with COVID-19, 77% of the population think that thrombocytopenia is associated with COVID-19.
SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence survey among 17,971 healthcare and administrative personnel at hospitals, pre-hospital services, and specialist practitioners in the Central Denmark Region	Jespersen,  S,  Mikkelsen, et al	Clin Infect Dis	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Immunology | Immunologie	The objective of this study was to perform a seroprevalence survey on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) among Danish healthcare workers to identify high risk groups. A total of 25,950 participants were invited. Of these, 17,971 had samples available for SARS-CoV-2 antibody testing. After adjustment for assay sensitivity and specificity, the overall seroprevalence was 3.4% (CI: 2.5%-3.8%). We found large differences in the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in staff working in the healthcare sector within a small geographical area of Denmark.  In the high prevalence area, the emergency departments had the highest seroprevalence (29.7%), while departments without patients or with limited patient contact had the lowest seroprevalence (2.2%). Among the total 668 seropositive participants, 433 (64.8%) had previously been tested for SARS-CoV-2 RNA, and 50.0% had a positive RT-PCR result.
32965014; Pathogenic analysis of suspected COVID-19 patients in a SARS-CoV-2 non-epidemic area of China	Ji,  YH,  Qi, et al	European review for medical and pharmacological sciences	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	The aim of this study is to find the distributions of pathogens in 164 suspected COVID-19 patients from the outpatient clinic of Shenjing Hospital of China Medical University from 24th January, 2020, to 29th February of 2020. Among the 164 patients, 3 were positive for SARS-CoV-2, 15 were positive for other respiratory viruses and 16 were positive for pneumonic mycoplasma. Of the positive patients above, 1 patient was co-infected with SARS-CoV-2 and adenovirus, and 1 was co-infected with influenza B and pneumonic mycoplasma. The 3 SARS-CoV-2 infected patients were clinically diagnosed as COVID-19 because they meet the diagnostic criteria listed in “Chinese Clinical Guidance for COVID-19 Pneumonia diagnosis and treatment”, including epidemic history, symptom and pathogenic detection, as well as abnormalities of the laboratory and radiological data. However, the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients were non-specific compared to those of the patients infected with other respiratory viruses.
Antibody seroconversion in asymptomatic and symptomatic patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)	Jiang,  C,  Wang, et al	Clinical and Translational Immunology	Clinical data| Données cliniques Immunology | Immunologie	We aimed to characterise the clinical features and immune responses of asymptomatic and symptomatic patients infected with SARS‐CoV‐2. Asymptomatic and symptomatic patients exhibited different kinetics of IgG/IgM responses to SARS‐CoV‐2. Asymptomatic patients may transmit SARS‐CoV‐2, highlighting the importance of early diagnosis and treatment.
Structural analysis, virtual screening and molecular simulation to identify potential inhibitors targeting 2'-O-ribose methyltransferase of SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus	Jiang,  Y,  Liu, et al	J Biomol Struct Dyn	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	In the present study, we employed structural analysis, virtual screening, and molecular simulation approaches to identify clinically investigated and approved drugs which can act as promising inhibitors against nsp16 2′-O-MTase of SARS-CoV-2. Comparative analysis of primary amino acid sequences and crystal structures of seven human CoVs defined the key residues for nsp16 2-O’-MTase functions. Virtual screening and docking analysis ranked the potential inhibitors of nsp16 from more than 4,500 clinically investigated and approved drugs. Furthermore, molecular dynamics simulations were carried out on eight top candidates, including Hesperidin, Rimegepant, Gs-9667, and Sonedenoson, to calculate various structural parameters and understand the dynamic behavior of the drug-protein complexes. Our studies provided the foundation to further test and repurpose these candidate drugs experimentally and/or clinically for COVID-19 treatment.
32911110; Deep vein thrombosis in non–critically ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019 pneumonia: deep vein thrombosis in non–intensive care unit patients	Jimenez-Guiu,  X,  Huici-Sánchez, et al	Journal of Vascular Surgery: Venous and Lymphatic Disorders	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	The aim of our study was to describe the prevalence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in non–critically ill patients with COVID-19 pneumonia and correlate such observations with the thromboprophylaxis received.  All the patients who had presented with DVT had been receiving low-molecular-weight heparin prophylaxis. The patients receiving prophylactic anticoagulation treatment had a greater risk of DVT (16.21%; 95% confidence interval, 0.04-0.28; P =.056) compared with those receiving intermediate or complete anticoagulation treatment. We also found a protective factor for DVT in the intermediate or complete anticoagulation treatment group (odds ratio, 0.19; 95% confidence interval, 0.08-0.46; P <.05).
Serological testing in addition to PCR screening for the re-opening of American colleges and universities: potential for cost-savings without compromising pandemic mitigation	Jo,  Youngji,  Singh, et al	medRxiv	Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique Economics | Économie	This costing study suggested that inclusion of serological testing in addition to outsourced PCR testing as part of a university re-opening strategy could achieve cost savings of up to 20%. The amount of savings, or additional costs, is dependent on insourcing or outsourcing of testing, epidemic conditions and university size.
Evolutionary artificial intelligence based peptide discoveries for effective Covid-19 therapeutics	Kabra,  R,  Singh, et al	Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Molecular Basis of Disease	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	Machine-learning algorithm was employed to analyze diverse viral sequences of Covid-19. Alignment kernels were generated which were subsequently used for motif prediction. Optimized algorithm helped in designing library of evolutionary set of peptides. MD Simulations revealed the stability and selectivity of the selected top 4 peptides with main protease Mpro.
Lifestyle, behavior, perception and practices of nepalese during lock-down due to COVID-19 pandemic	Kandel,  S,  Lamsal, et al	Journal of the Nepal Medical Association	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study aims to study lifestyle, behaviour, perception and practice of people in Nepal regarding during the lockdown. The knowledge of viral pandemic as well as personal hygiene habits have improved in majority of people but many also developed stress. They were convinced that lockdown lowered transmission of infection which in turn affected lifestyle behaviour and practices. Practicing social distancing becomes too difficult for the poor in the absence of proper social security system and government support. E-Learning has become more acceptable due to lockdown.
Effects of quarantine lockdown on physical healtha survey	Kannan,  A,  Vishnu Priya, et al	International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	In the present survey conducted in Chennai, India, authors found that the majority of participants took good care of their physical health, and were aware about the importance of physical health in reducing the risk of virus.
COVID-19 implications on household income and food security in Kenya and Uganda: Findings from a rapid assessment	Kansiime,  MK,  Tambo, et al	World Development	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique Economics | Économie	We assessed COVID-19 implications on household income and food security using in Kenya and Uganda.  More than two-thirds of households experienced income shocks and worsened food security.  Food security outcomes were worse among the income poor and households dependent on labour income.  Labour-dependent and income poor households employed food-based coping strategies.  Membership in savings groups was more likely to mitigate member’s income shocks than NSSF.
Emergence and Evolution of Olfactory and Gustatory Symptoms in Patients with COVID-19 in the Outpatient Setting	Karimi-Galougahi,  M,  Safavi Naini, et al	Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery	Clinical data| Données cliniques	The present study aimed at evaluating the prevalence of general and sinonasal symptoms in patients with olfactory symptoms and mild coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) and determining the patterns in emergence and resolution of olfactory/gustatory symptoms relative to general and sinonassal symptoms. This was a prospective cross-sectional study conducted at the outpatient otorhinolaryngology clinic at a COVID-19-designated referral Hospital. Our study showed that hyposmia and anosmia in mild COVID-19 are frequently associated with general and sinonasal symptoms and tend to persist longer than the general and sinonasal symptoms during the course of the disease.
Learning distinctive filters for COVID-19 detection from chest X-ray using shuffled residual CNN	Karthik,  R,  Menaka, et al	Applied Soft Computing Journal	Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	To enable automated learning of such latent features, a custom CNN architecture has been proposed in this research. It learns unique convolutional filter patterns for each kind of pneumonia. The proposed work also visualizes regions of saliency on the X-ray that have had the most influence on CNN’s prediction outcome. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt in deep learning to learn custom filters within a single convolutional layer for identifying specific pneumonia classes. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed work has significant potential in augmenting current testing methods for COVID-19. It achieves an F1-score of 97.20% and an accuracy of 99.80% on the COVID-19 X-ray set.
On Nonnegative Matrix and Tensor Decompositions for COVID-19 Twitter Dynamics	Kassab,  Lara,  Kryshchenko, et al	arXiv	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	We analyze Twitter data relating to the COVID-19 pandemic using dynamic topic modeling techniques to learn topics and their prevalence over time. Topics are learned using four methods: nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF), nonnegative CP tensor decomposition (NCPD), online NMF, and online NCPD. All of the methods considered discover major topics that persist for multiple weeks relating to China, social distancing, and U.S. President Trump. The topics about China dominate in early February before giving way to more diverse topics. We observe that NCPD and online NCPD can detect topics that are prevalent over a few days, such as the outbreak in South Korea. The topics detected by NMF and online NMF, however, are prevalent over longer periods of time. Our results are validated against external news sources.
Rooming-in for well term infants born to asymptomatic mothers with COVID-19	Kest,  H,  Kaushik, et al	J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc	Transmission Clinical data| Données cliniques Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	In this pilot study, well neonates born at or near term (>36 weeks gestational-age) were roomed in with their mothers who were positive for SARS-Co-V-2 infection, in a single room with infection control education according to American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommendations and followed weekly through telehealth for 2 weeks after discharge. Of the 49 infants, none developed any symptoms of COVID-19. One out of 49 infants tested positive for SARS-Co-V-2 by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) but repeat testing at 48-hours was negative. Our pilot study showed that rooming-in may be considered for term/near term infants with asymptomatic mothers with COVID19, while limiting transmission risk through infection control and education measures.
Enhanced Gaussian process regression-based forecasting model for COVID-19 outbreak and significance of IoT for its detection	Ketu,  S,  Mishra, et al	Applied Intelligence	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	In this paper, the Multi-Task Gaussian Process (MTGP) regression model with enhanced predictions of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak is proposed. The purpose of the proposed MTGP regression model is to predict the COVID-19 outbreak worldwide. It will help the countries in planning their preventive measures to reduce the overall impact of the speedy and widely spread infectious disease. The result of the proposed model has been compared with the other prediction model to find out its suitability and correctness. In subsequent analysis, the significance of IoT based devices in COVID-19 detection and prevention has been discussed.
Community pharmacy services and preparedness during COVID-19 outbreak in Madinah, Saudi Arabia	Khojah,  HMJ	Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study investigates the preparedness of private community pharmacies in Madinah, Saudi Arabia, for the COVID-19 outbreak with regard to safety measures, customer education, and quality of preventive aids sold by them. Community pharmacies in Madinah were short of registered, high-quality facial masks during the survey. Means to control the transmission of infection inside pharmacies were unsatisfactory. Society has shown poor compliance to preventive measures against COVID-19 infection and the role of community pharmacists in promoting compliance was found to be poor. The study reveals an unsatisfactory level of preparedness of Madinah community pharmacies for the pandemic.
The role of media use and emotions in risk perception and preventive behaviors related to COVID-19 in South Korea	Kim,  S,  Cho, et al	Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The relationship between compliance with behaviors recommended to prevent the spread of COVID-19 and media exposure, negative emotions, and risk perception was examined using regression analyses of data from KAMOS, a nationally representative survey of South Korean adults. The strongest predictor of preventive behaviors in general was negative emotions, which had the largest βh (.22) among the independent variables considered. The eight negative emotions, identified using factor analysis of a series of 11 emotions, were anger, annoyance, fear, sadness, anxiety, insomnia, helplessness, and stress. Negative emotions themselves were influenced most strongly by the respondent's anxiety over social safety (βe=.286), followed by prediction of COVID-10 spread (β=.121, p<.001) and perceived risk of COVID-19 infection (β=.70, p=.023). Females (β=-.134) and those who felt less healthy (βo=-.097) experienced more negative emotions. Media exposure and increased media exposure both have significant relationships with negative emotions and both a direct and indirect impact on the adoption of preventive measures. Women, older people, and healthier people perceived greater risks and engaged in more preventive behaviors than their counterparts.
Characterization of asthma and risk factors for delayed SARS-CoV-2 clearance in adult COVID-19 inpatients in Daegu	Kim,  S,  Jung, et al	Allergy	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	This study from Daegu, Korea summarizes that despite the differences depending on phenotypes, the prevalence of asthma was not significantly different in patients with COVID-19, and asthma did not affect the outcomes of COVID-19 in multivariate analysis. Dementia, older age, and initial presentation of skin rash and anemia were independently associated with delayed viral clearance. On the other hand, in patients with headache initially, the viral clearance time was shortened.
Awareness and knowledge about the impact of COVID-19 lock down among Indian daily wage workers-a survey	Kiran Srinivas,  B,  Sasanka, et al	International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The aim of the study is to create and test the extent of awareness on various effects of COVID-19 on daily wage workers. A self-assessed questionnaire comprising about 12 questions were passed on to 109 individuals through an online platform “google forms”. The responses were collected and analysed using SPSS software. Most of the respondents are aware about the various issues faced by the workers in their day to day life. They can also coexist in this society with us, after the massacre that is caused to them due to the lockdown, if we show some gratitude towards them.
32965008; Short report - Herpes simplex lesion in the lip semimucosa in a COVID-19 patient	Kitakawa,  D,  Oliveira, et al	European review for medical and pharmacological sciences	Clinical data| Données cliniques	The present case report aims to make a discussion concerning oral manifestations in a patient with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19. Female patient, 20 years old, nursing technician, showed severe sore throat and headache without presence of fever. She tested positive for COVID-19 RT-PCR test in 2 episodes. She also showed lesions in the median lower lip semimucosa and severe pruritus, with a clinical course of 14 days, in which we performed a clinical diagnosis of herpes simplex infection.
Setbacks to IoT implementation in the function of FMCG supply chain sustainability during COVID-19 pandemic	Končar,  J,  Grubor, et al	Sustainability (Switzerland)	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This paper aims to analyze the setbacks to the digitalization of business processes and the sustainability of the FMCG supply chain based on the implementation of Internet of Things (IoT). The research has been conducted among the participants in the standardization chain in the sectors of production, physical distribution, wholesale, and retail of FMCG in the Western Balkans region during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results showed significant differences between business sectors in terms of the intensity of setbacks to successful IoT implementation. Based on the obtained results, a set of measures and incentives was proposed that the competent institutions and the management of the FMCG supply chain should apply to encourage the digitalization process.
Evolution of chest CT manifestations of COVID-19: A longitudinal study	Kong,  M,  Yang, et al	Journal of Thoracic Disease	Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	The aim of this study was to investigate the chest CT manifestations of COVID-19 and its CT evolving process to explore its inherent outcomes. COVID-19 has an acute onset, with main imaging manifestations of different types of GGO with or without lung consolidation in the subpleural regions of the bilateral lungs. The CT manifestations of lung lesions change rapidly. The lung lesions of mild and ordinary types of COVID-19 may improve significantly or disappear in a short period after active treatment, with good prognosis. Moreover, fibrosis-like stripes may be a sign of atelectasis of sub-segment lung tissue of COVID-19 and may be a specific sign for the diagnosis of COVID-19.
Corticosteroids as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019: A report of two cases and literature review	Kosaka,  M,  Yamazaki, et al	Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy	Clinical data| Données cliniques	we report good outcomes in two patients with COVID-19 who received systemic corticosteroids as adjunctive therapy. An 83-year-old man with hypertension and smoking history and a 62-year-old man with a drinking habit were transferred to our hospital with a diagnosis of COVID-19. The patients developed general malaise and loss of appetite with persistent high fever. Despite the prescription of antiviral drugs, their hypoxemia progressed rapidly. However, after the introduction of systemic corticosteroids, their symptoms improved as the fever decreased, and their hypoxemia gradually improved. These results suggest that some patients with COVID-19 may benefit from the appropriate use of systemic corticosteroids as adjunctive therapy.
Impact of pathogen reduction technologies on immunological properties of the COVID-19 convalescent plasma	Kostin,  AlexanderI,  Lundgren, et al	medRxiv	Immunology | Immunologie	Aim of this study was to assess the impact of different pathogen reduction technologies on the immunological properties of COVID-19 convalescent plasma. Pathogen reduction with amotosalen and methylene blue provides the greater likelihood of preserving the immunological properties of the COVID-19 convalescent plasma compared to riboflavin.
COVID-19: a pandemic to tourism guest-host relationship in India	Kour,  P,  Jasrotia, et al	International Journal of Tourism Cities	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The study looks into the area of guest–host relationship and tries to explore it from the perspective and significance of tourist (guest) rather than the much read and researched resident (host) perception at the center. The findings of the study could be helpful in drawing the strategic framework for the industry to handle and sustain the guest–host relation so as to safeguard the future of tourism and sustain potential travel market reiterating the significance of tourists/guests and their perspective about the hosts, in developing and growing the tourism of a destination.
Increased proportion of physical child abuse injuries at a level I pediatric trauma center during the Covid-19 pandemic	Kovler,  ML,  Ziegfeld, et al	Child Abuse and Neglect	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	Social distancing orders have been justifiably required to slow the spread of the Covid-19 pandemic.  Little is known regarding the secondary health consequences of these mandates.  There was an increased proportion of physical child abuse injuries at our level I pediatric trauma center during the Covid-19 pandemic.  Heightened awareness of this unintended consequence of social distancing can help to protect vulnerable children
Religiosity Predicts Unreasonable Coping With COVID-19	Kranz,  D,  Niepel, et al	Psychology of Religion and Spirituality	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The present study explores the impact of religiosity during the time of the COVID-19 pandemic (March 2020). The focus is on associations between religiosity, coronavirus anxiety, and preventive behavior. Participants were 1,182 U.S. citizens (50% female; 20–83 years of age). Highly religious participants scored higher on the somatic component of coronavirus anxiety (emotionality) but lower on the cognitive component (worry). With regard to preventive behavior, highly religious participants reported more unreasonable behavior (e.g., avoiding 5G networks, hoarding toilet paper) than participants with low religiosity; at the bivariate level, there were no differences in reasonable behavior (e.g., physical contact avoidance, frequent handwashing). A comprehensive mediation model showed emotionality-mediated associations between religiosity and unreasonable behavior (positive indirect effect) but also worry-mediated associations between religiosity and reasonable behavior (negative indirect effect). The results remained stable when controlling for relevant sociodemographic variables. The discussion centers on religiosity, information processing, and rationality during a global health crisis situation.
Violence, firearms, and the coronavirus pandemic: Findings from the 2020 California Safety and Wellbeing Survey	Kravitz-Wirtz,  Nicole,  Aubel, et al	medRxiv	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	In this cross-sectional, population-representative survey of 2,870 adults in California, worry about multiple types of violence for oneself increased during the pandemic; pandemic-related loss contributed to concern that someone else might physically harm themselves on purpose; an estimated 110,000 people acquired firearms due to the pandemic (2.4% of firearm owners in the state), including approximately 47,000 new owners; and 6.7% of owners who currently store firearms loaded and not locked up adopted this unsecure storage practice in response to the pandemic.
Validation of self-collected buccal swab and saliva as a diagnostic tool for COVID-19	Ku,  Chee Wai,  Durai, et al	medRxiv	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	Self-collected saliva tests and buccal swabs have only moderate agreement with HCWcollected NPS swabs. Primary screening for SARS-CoV-2 may be performed with a saliva test or buccal swab, with a negative test warranting a confirmatory NPS to avoid false negatives. This combined strategy minimizes discomfort and reduces the risk of spread to the community and HCWs.
Identification, protein antiglycation, antioxidant, antiproliferative, and molecular docking of novel bioactive peptides produced from hydrolysis of Lens culinaris	Kuerban,  A,  Al-Malki, et al	J Food Biochem	Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	We have identified 28 novel peptides and molecular docking study revealed that some peptides showed strong binding potential to insulin receptor and ACE. Thus, these peptides might be used to manage diabetes complication as well as COVID‐19 disease due to their interaction with ACE. However, those peptides needs to be further studied as a potential new drug.
Decay of SARS-CoV-2 RNA along the wastewater treatment outfitted with Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) system evaluated through two sample concentration techniques	Kumar,  M,  Kuroda, et al	Science of the Total Environment	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	First report of the decay of SARS-CoV-2 gene during Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) treatment of wastewater. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) method had superior inhibition removal than filtration method. The viral genetic loading reduction during UASB treatment was more than 1.3 log10. Using the PEG method, we found a reduction >1.3 log10 reduction in SARS-CoV-2 RNA abundance during UASB treatment, and the RNA was not detected at all in the final effluent. The study implies that i) conventional wastewater treatment systems is effective in SARS-CoV-2 RNA removal, and ii) UASB system significantly reduces SARS-CoV-2 genetic loadings. Finally, PEG method is recommended for better sensitivity and inhibition removal during SARS-CoV-2 RNA quantification in wastewater.
Machine learning methods accurately predict host specificity of coronaviruses based on spike sequences alone	Kuzmin,  K,  Adeniyi, et al	Biochemical and biophysical research communications	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	We analyzed 1238 spike sequences for their host specificity. Spike sequences readily segregate in t-SNE embeddings into clusters of similar hosts and/or virus species. Machine learning with SVM, Logistic Regression, Decision Tree, Random Forest gave high average accuracies, F1 scores, sensitivities and specificities of 0.95–0.99. Importantly, sites identified by Decision Tree correspond to protein regions with known biological importance. These results demonstrate that spike sequences alone can be used to predict host specificity.
Sars-Cov-2 in Argentina: Lockdown, Mobility, and Contagion	Larrosa,  JuanMC	medRxiv	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	This paper aims to fill the gap in the literature by assessing the effects of lockdown measures and the regional relaxation on the numbers of rate of new infections. We use pool, fixed and random effects panel data modeling and Granger causality tests identifying relations between mobility and contagion. Our results show that lockdown in Argentina has been effective in reducing the mobility but not in way that reduces the rate of contagion. Strict lockdown seems to be effective in short periods of time and by extend it without complementary measures loss effectiveness. Contagion rate seems to be discretely displaced in time and resurging amidst slowly increasing in mobility.
Increased paediatric presentations of severe diabetic ketoacidosis in an Australian tertiary centre during the COVID-19 pandemic	Lawrence,  C,  Seckold, et al	Diabet Med	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	AIMS: To determine if the frequency of severe diabetic ketoacidosis at presentation of new-onset type 1 diabetes to an Australian tertiary centre increased during the initial period of restrictions resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic (March to May 2020). METHODS:  Data from the period of initial COVID restrictions in Australia (March to May 2020) were compared to the period March to May of the previous 5 years (pre-pandemic periods). RESULTS: The number of new diagnoses of type 1 diabetes was comparable in the pandemic period and pre-pandemic periods (11 in 2020 vs range 6-10 in 2015-2019). The frequency of severe diabetic ketoacidosis was significantly higher in the pandemic period compared to the pre-pandemic periods. he overall frequency of diabetic ketoacidosis was also significantly higher during the pandemic period.
Activation of ACE2 and interferon-stimulated transcriptomes in human airway epithelium is curbed by Janus Kinase inhibitors	Lee,  Hye Kyung,  Jung, et al	bioRxiv	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	Here we report on the transcriptomic response of airway epithelium to interferons and its suppression by the JAK inhibitors Baricitinib and Ruxolitinib. Through RNA-seq and ChIP-seq analyses for activating chromatin marks and Polymerase II, we define the interferon-activated intronic regulatory region. Our results also support that the conventional ACE2 promoter is controlled by interferon. Both  inhibitors led to a suppression of IFNb-induced gene activation .
Diagnostic performance of the combined nasal and throat swab in patients admitted to hospital with suspected COVID-19	Lee,  Kuan Ken,  Doudesis, et al	medRxiv	Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	Methods: In a prospective, multi-centre, cohort study conducted in secondary and tertiary care hospitals in Scotland, we evaluated the combined nasal and throat swab with reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) in consecutive patients admitted to hospital with suspected COVID-19.  Results:  The index test was positive in 255/496 (51%) patients with the primary outcome, giving a sensitivity and specificity of 51.4% and 99.5%. Sensitivity increased in those undergoing 2, 3 or 4 tests to 60.1%, 68.3% and 77.6%, respectively.
PMC7527282; The airline transport regulation and development of public health crisis in megacities of China	Li,  J,  Huang, et al	J Transp Health	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	This study is to examine the effect of airline transport regulation on confirmed cases of the novel coronavirus disease in megacities in China. METHODS: This study combines the multi-source data from the health data platform DXY, the airline data platform Airsavvi, the China Economic Internet Statistical Database and the China Railway website. RESULTS: The curvilinear relationship between the limitation on air traffic and confirmed cases of the novel coronavirus disease is identified (coefficient of the linear term = -4.650, p-value < 0.01; coefficient of the quadratic term = 4.089, p-value < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms the effectiveness of airline transport regulation in suppressing the development of this pandemic.
Online InformationSeeking and Disease Prevention Intent During COVID-19 Outbreak	Li,  J,  Zheng, et al	Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	Guided by the risk information seeking and processing (RISP) model, this study aims to examine the key determinants that predispose individuals’ online information seeking behavior and prevention intent during the COVID-19 outbreak. Through an online survey with 741 respondents in China, results indicate that affective responses, informational subjective norms, and information insufficiency are positively related to online information seeking about COVID-19. Furthermore, online information seeking is positively associated with prevention intent, and attitude toward prevention partially mediates this association. Finally, theoretical and practical implications of this study are discussed in the context of COVID-19. © 2020 AEJMC.
Anxiety status of hospitalized COVID-19 patients	Li,  L,  Li, et al	Chinese Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Objective: To investigate and analyze the anxiety problems in hospitalized COVID-19 patients so as to provide evidence for formulation of relevant mental health management strategies. Methods: A Psychological Questionnaire for Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients in Wuhan was used to investigate the anxiety status of the COVID-19 patients who had been hospitalized to Wuhan Tong Ji Hospital which had been assisted by Peking University People's Hospital. The patients were categorized into a mild group and a non-mild group according to The Diagnosis and Management Protocols for COVID-19.  Results: The mild cases scored 7.3 points±2.0 points, showing mild anxiety; the non-mild cases scored 8.7 points±1.2 points, showing mild anxiety too. There were no significant differences between the mild and non-mild cases in any anxiety scoring item.
Assessing the feasibility and effectiveness of household-pooled universal testing to control COVID-19 epidemics	Libin,  Pieter Jules Karel,  Willem, et al	medRxiv	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	We investigate to what extent the use of universal testing, i.e., an approach in which we screen the entire population, can be utilized to mitigate this epidemic. To this end, we rely on PCR test pooling of individuals that belong to the same households, to allow the for a universal testing procedure that is feasible with the current testing capacity. We evaluate two isolation strategies: on the one hand pool isolation, where we isolate all individuals that belong to a positive PCR test pool, and on the other hand individual isolation, where we determine which of the individuals that belong to the positive PCR pool are positive, through an additional testing step.  We show through simulation, that weekly universal testing is able to control the epidemic, even when much of the contact reductions are relieved. Finally, our model shows that, the use of universal testing in combination with stringent contact reductions, could be considered as a strategy to eradicate the virus.
Biologic Use in Allergic and Asthmatic Children and Adolescents during the COVID-19 Pandemic	Licari,  A,  Castagnoli, et al	Pediatric, Allergy, Immunology, and Pulmonology	Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	Materials and Methods: Given the very limited data in Italy on use of biological therapies in allergic children and adolescents during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, a multicenter observational nationwide survey was conducted to collect this information. The 11-question survey was designed to determine (1) the number of allergic children and adolescents treated with omalizumab, mepolizumab, or dupilumab for asthma, atopic dermatitis, and chronic urticaria; (2) the number of these patients who developed COVID-19; and (3) severity of COVID-19 symptoms. Results: Three hundred eight children and adolescents were treated with biologics. Only 3 subjects (1%) who had been treated with omalizumab experienced paucisymptomatic COVID-19, but those symptoms promptly resolved. Of the 9 patients treated with mepolizumab, none had COVID-19 or asthma exacerbations. Of the 6 asthmatic subjects and 7 patients with chronic urticaria treated with dupilumab, none had COVID-19. Also, there was no worsening of the underlying disease.
Depressive and anxiety symptoms in patients with SARS-CoV2 infection	Liguori,  C,  Pierantozzi, et al	Journal of affective disorders	Clinical data| Données cliniques	We have recently performed a prospective study in 103 patients with COVID-19 admitted at the University Hospital of Rome Tor Vergata. In this patient group, we documented the frequent occurrence of subjective neurological symptoms. The main finding of this secondary analysis is the occurrence of anxiety symptoms in 34/103 patients and depressive symptoms in 39/103 patients with COVID-19. In particular, 27 patients complained of both depressive and anxiety symptoms, whereas seven patients experienced only anxiety symptoms and 12 only depressive symptoms.
Evaluating the Efficacy of COVID-19 Vaccines	Lin,  Dan-Yu,  Zeng, et al	medRxiv	Vaccine Research| Recherche sur les vaccins	To provide a full picture of vaccine efficacy and make efficient use of available data, we propose using SARS- CoV-2 infection, COVID-19, and severe COVID-19 as dual or triple primary endpoints. We formulate the effect of the vaccine on each of the three endpoints through a Poisson model.  A vaccine whose efficacy is higher than 50% can markedly reduce incidence of COVID-19 among vaccinated individuals and help to build herd immunity. We assigned 27,000 subjects to vaccine or placebo at a ratio of 1:1.  These event proportions were based on the assumption of annualized incidence of about 2–3% for symptomatic COVID-19 disease in the placebo group, together with the assumptions that about 40% of infections are asymptomatic and that about 20% of COVID19 cases will be severe.
Monitoring for COVID-19 by universal testing in a homeless shelter in Germany: a prospective feasibility cohort study	Lindner,  AndreasK,  Sarma, et al	medRxiv	Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique Surveillance	Methods: This was a prospective feasibility cohort study to evaluate universal testing for COVID-19 at a homeless shelter with 106 beds in Berlin, Germany. Co-researchers were recruited from the shelter staff. A PCR analysis of saliva or self-collected nasal/oral swab was performed weekly over a period of 3 weeks in July 2020.  Results: Ninety-three out of 124 (75%) residents were approached to participate in the study. Fifty-one out of the 93 residents (54.8%) gave written informed consent. High retention rates (88.9% - 93.6%) of a weekly respiratory specimen were reached, but repeated collection attempts, as well as assistance were required. A self-collected nasal/oral swab was considered easier and more hygienic to collect than a saliva specimen. No resident was tested positive.  Conclusion: Voluntary universal testing for COVID-19 is feasible in homeless shelters.
Frequent neurologic manifestations and encephalopathy-associated morbidity in Covid-19 patients	Liotta,  EM,  Batra, et al	Ann Clin Transl Neurol	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	We sought to characterize the neurologic manifestations, their risk factors, and associated outcomes in hospitalized patients with Covid-19. METHODS: We examined neurologic manifestations in 509 consecutive patients admitted with confirmed Covid-19 within a hospital network in Chicago, Illinois. We compared the severity of Covid-19 and outcomes in patients with and without neurologic manifestations. We also identified independent predictors of any neurologic manifestations, encephalopathy, and functional outcome using binary logistic regression. RESULTS: Neurologic manifestations were present at Covid-19 onset in 215 (42.2%), at hospitalization in 319 (62.7%), and at any time during the disease course in 419 patients (82.3%). The most frequent neurologic manifestations were myalgias (44.8%), headaches (37.7%), encephalopathy (31.8%), dizziness (29.7%), dysgeusia (15.9%), and anosmia (11.4%).  Severe respiratory disease requiring mechanical ventilation occurred in 134 patients (26.3%). Independent risk factors for developing any neurologic manifestation were severe Covid-19  and younger age.
Prevalence, management, and outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infections in older people and those with dementia in mental health wards in London, UK: a retrospective observational study	Livingston,  Gill,  Rostamipour, et al	The Lancet Psychiatry	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	We aimed to describe the period prevalence, demographics, symptoms (and asymptomatic cases), management, and survival outcomes of COVID-19 in the older inpatient psychiatric population and people with young-onset dementia in five National Health Service Trusts in London, UK, from March 1 to April 30, 2020. Infection rates in the five sites varied between 27 (29%) of 92 inpatients and 45 (52%) of 86 inpatients. he most common presenting symptoms were pyrexia, followed by new persistent cough, but many patients then developed these symptoms later, as well as fatigue and loss of appetite. No patient complained of loss of taste or smell. The most common biochemical abnormality was increased D-dimer concentrations, followed by increased ferritin, low vitamin D, and reduced lymphocyte concentrations.
Selective pressure on SARS-CoV-2 protein coding genes and glycosylation site prediction	Lo Presti,  A,  Rezza, et al	Heliyon	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	The aim of this study was to evaluate the selective pressure acting on SARS-CoV-2 protein coding genes. Methods: Mutations and glycosylation site prediction were analyzed in SARS-CoV-2 genomes (from 464 to 477 sequences). Results: Selective pressure on surface glycoprotein (S) revealed one positively selected site (AA 943), located outside the receptor binding domain (RBD). Mutation analysis identified five residues on the surface glycoprotein, with variations (AA positions 367, 458, 477, 483, 491) located inside the RDB. Overall, the data showed positive pressure and mutations acting on specific protein coding genes. These findings may provide useful information on: i) markers for vaccine design, ii) new therapeutic approach, iii) information to implement mutagenesis experiments to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 cell entry.
Development and validation of the Lo's Healthy and Happy Lifestyle Scale (LHHLS): The resilience in general population facing COVID-19 in Taiwan	Lo,  A,  Hsieh, et al	Int J Soc Psychiatry	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This article explores the effectiveness of development of the Lo's Healthy and Happy Lifestyle Scale (LHHLS), which is an evaluative tool that monitors the resilience of the Taiwan population in times of such COVID-19 epidemic. METHOD: The study mainly applied Explorative Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) to develop LHHLS and establish the reliability and validity of the tool's structure, verify norm analysis and the reliability of data from each question using Cronbach's alpha. RESULTS: According to statistics, LHHLS has a good factorial effectiveness and relatively high reliability, with factor reliability analyses where Cronbach's alpha lies between 0.83 to 0.94. The 14 questions in the LHHLS has a total variance of 67.04%. The tool includes two sub-assessments that are theoretically and statistically appropriate: mental health/self-efficacy and positive thinking.
The excess insulin requirement in severe COVID-19 compared to non-COVID-19 viral pneumonitis is related to the severity of respiratory failure and pre-existing diabetes	Lockhart,  Sam,  Griffiths, et al	medRxiv	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	we compared insulin requirements in patients with severe COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 viral pneumonitis. Research Design Retrospective cohort study of patients with severe COVID-19 admitted to our intensive care unit between March and June 2020. A historical control cohort of non-COVID-19 viral pneumonitis patients was identified from routinely collected audit data. Results Insulin requirements were similar in patients with COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 viral pneumonitis after adjustment for pre-existing diabetes and severity of respiratory failure.
Venous thrombo-embolism in hospitalized sars-cov-2 patients treated with three different anticoagulation protocols: Prospective observational study	Longhitano,  Y,  Racca, et al	Biology	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	The purpose of this study is to assess thrombotic risk in CoViD-19/pneumonia patients with acute respiratory failure and to compare populations treated with three different antithrombotic prophylaxis protocols. The primary outcome is to analyze the prevalence of thrombotic events in hospitalized patients, while the secondary outcome is to analyze the correlation between different anticoagulation targets with thrombotic events. All patients referred to our hospital for acute respiratory failure due to COVID-19 pneumonia between 18 and 31 May 2020 were included. Diagnosis of venous thromboembolism was made in 21 cases (28.4%) and thrombotic events were associated with positive pressure ventilation support and hospitalization in ICU.
32965007; Venous thromboembolism in critically ill patients affected by ARDS related to COVID-19 in Northern-West Italy	Longhitano,  Y,  Racca, et al	European review for medical and pharmacological sciences	Clinical data| Données cliniques	An association between increased venous thromboembolism in patients with pneumonia-related to COVID-19 has not yet been well described. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We aimed to illustrate cases of pulmonary thromboembolism in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome related to COVID-19 treated in our intensive care unit. The medical records of patients affected by COVID-19 with acute respiratory distress syndrome in our institute from 1/3/2020 to 31/3/2020 were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: Our center registered a high prevalence of thromboembolic events among 62 patients affected by acute respiratory distress syndrome related to COVID-19 despite a regular antithrombotic prophylaxis. Critically ill patients with ARDS related to COVID-19 may have an increased risk of VTE that could be a leading cause of mortality. These patients require a high index of clinical suspicion and an accurate diagnostic approach, in order to immediately start an appropriate anticoagulant treatment.
The impact of temperature, population size and median age on COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak	Lulbadda,  KT,  Kobbekaduwa, et al	Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	This study aims to explore the association between the spread of COVID-19 and external parameters. In this regard, temperature, population size, median age, and health care facilities of 58 different countries are considered as external factors. Methods: A negative binomial regression model was fitted to identify the associations between the factors and cases of COVID-19 during the study periods. Results: The temperature, population size, and median age are positively associated with the spreading rate of COVID-19. There is no evidence supporting that case counts of COVID-19 could decline in countries with better health care facilities.
Age differences in clinical features and outcomes in patients with COVID-19, Jiangsu, China: a retrospective, multicentre cohort study	Luo,  H,  Liu, et al	BMJ Open	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	OBJECTIVES: To determine the age-specific clinical presentations and incidence of adverse outcomes among patients with COVID-19 in Jiangsu, China. DESIGN AND SETTING: Retrospective, multicentre cohort study performed at 24 hospitals in Jiangsu, China. PARTICIPANTS: 625 patients with COVID-19 enrolled between 10 January and 15 March 2020. RESULTS: The incidence of hypertension, coronary heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and diabetes comorbidities increased with age. Fever, cough and shortness of breath occurred more commonly among older patients, especially the elderly, compared with children. Elderly (≥65 years) patients with COVID-19 had the highest risk of severe or critical illness, intensive care use, respiratory failure and the longest hospital stay, which may be due partly to their having a higher incidence of comorbidities and poor immune responses to COVID-19.
Development and comparison of a novel multiple cross displacement amplification (MCDA) assay with other nucleic acid amplification methods for SARS-CoV-2 detection	Luu,  Laurence Don Wai,  Payne, et al	medRxiv	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	To develop a novel multiple cross displacement amplification (MCDA) assay for COVID-19 and compare its speed and sensitivity to existing loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) and real-time PCR (RT-PCR) methods. Methods: Two MCDA assays targeting the SARS-CoV-2 N gene and ORF1ab was designed. The fastest time to detection and sensitivity of MCDA was compared to LAMP and RT-PCR using 7 DNA standards and transcribed RNA. Results: For the N gene, MCDA was consistently faster than LAMP and RT-PCR by 10 and 20 minutes, respectively with a fastest time to detection of 5.2 minutes. RT-PCR had the highest sensitivity with a limit of detection of 100 copies/reaction compared with MCDA (1000 copies/reaction) and LAMP (5000/reaction). MCDA is the fastest nucleic acid amplification method for COVID-19 while RT-PCR is still the most sensitive.
32951300; Case of “relapsing” COVID-19 in a kidney transplant recipient	Ma,  BM,  Hung, et al	Nephrology	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Case report of  31 year old female liver transplant recipient with relapsing COVID-19 who presented with pneumonitis and acute kidney injury (AKI).
Knowledge, attitude and practice of oral health among families during COVID-19 lockdown-a survey	Mabbithasri,  A,  Yuvaraj Babu, et al	International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The main aim of the study is to analyse the knowledge, attitude and practice about oral health during COVID-19 lockdown among families. From this study the knowledge, awareness and practice of oral hygiene were found to be average among families during this COVID-19 lockdown.
The actual implementation status of self-isolation among Japanese workers during the COVID-19 outbreak	Machida,  M,  Nakamura, et al	Tropical Medicine and Health	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study aimed to reveal the actual implementation of self-isolation among Japanese workers during the COVID-19 outbreak and the factors inhibiting this measure. The prevalence of strict self-isolation among participants who experienced cold-like symptoms during the COVID-19 outbreak was extremely low, and 62.2% of these participants went to work within 7 days after symptom onset.
Pandemic dreaming: The effect of COVID-19 on dream imagery, a pilot study	MacKay,  C,  DeCicco, et al	Dreaming	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study aimed to determine whether people experienced distinct dream imagery during the early phase of the pandemic in Canada.  As concerns and anxieties regarding the virus are pervasive, affecting many people during both waking and sleep, it is suggested that dream interpretation may be a beneficial approach to alleviating COVID-19-related stress.
Awareness about COVID-19 among young populationa survey	Madhumitha,  B,  Premavathy, et al	International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	COVID-19 is a major threat to the world population in the present situation. It is caused by the “SARS-COV2”. The irrespective of age and sex the virus may affects all individuals but it is creates complication in old age people. The main aim of the study is to assess the awareness of prevalence of Covid-19 among the young population. The present study has conducted questionnaire based online surveys, in which a total of 100 individuals were participated. The results were analyzed statistically by applying the chi square test through SPSS software. The results were represented as graph bars demonstrating responses for various questions on the current topic. The present study thus concluded that the participants are highly aware of COVID-19 and its prevalence among young individuals. © 2020, Advanced Scientific Research. All rights reserved.
PCR in Sputum for the Diagnosis of COVID-19 in a Case with Infrequent Radiological Pattern	Madrid Carbajal,  CJ,  González Budiño, et al	Archivos de Bronconeumologia	Clinical data| Données cliniques	In this letter to the director the authors present the case of a 44-year-old woman, physician, ex-smoker with a history of breast adenocarcinoma in 2014, who attends the clinic emergency room for a week of 38 degree fever progression, dry cough, moderately stressed dyspnoea, diarrhea and vomiting.
32971239; Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the first 557 successive patients with COVID-19 in Pernambuco state, Northeast Brazil	Magalhães,  JJFD,  Mendes, et al	Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	In this retrospective study, authors describe the demographics, epidemiology and clinical features of the first 557 consecutive patients positive for SARS-CoV-2 living in Pernambuco state, Northeast Brazil. The study provides important information about COVID-19 in the tropics and will assist physicians and health officials to face the current pandemics as SARS-CoV-2 continues to spread in the human population.
The impact of a segregated team roster on obstetric and gynecology services in response to the COVID-19 pandemic in a tertiary care center in India	Mahey,  R,  Sharma, et al	Int J Gynaecol Obstet	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	The objective of this study was to determine the impact of roster reorganization on ensuring uninterrupted services while providing necessary relief to healthcare workers (HCW) in the obstetrics department of a tertiary care center amid the COVID-19 outbreak.  The "COVID emergency roster" helped ensure quality care with minimum risk of exposure and sufficient breaks for physical and psychological recovery of HCWs.
Brazilian vascular surgeons experience during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic	Malgor,  RD,  Sobreira, et al	Vascular	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	The objective of this study was to examine the impact of COVID-19 on the practices, finances, and social aspects of Brazilian vascular surgeons' lives. The COVID pandemic has greatly affected healthcare providers around the world. At the time of this survey, Brazilian vascular surgeons are reporting low anxiety levels during this time and are using mostly active coping mechanisms.
Comparative policy analysis of face mask mandates during COVID 19 pandemic on rate of mask use in the United States	Maloney,  MichaelJ	medRxiv	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This paper compares the rates of mask use in counties as defined by state policy.   It is found that state mandates are strongly correlated with higher rates of mask use, and that mandating use by all individuals in public spaces is more effective than a less comprehensive mandate for mask use by all public facing employees.
An improved and readily available version of Bst DNA Polymerase for LAMP, and applications to COVID-19 diagnostics	Maranhao,  Andre,  Bhadra, et al	medRxiv	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	Authors show that by adding fusion domains the performance of Bst DNAP in isothermal amplification assays, including its nascent RT activity, can be greatly improved.  The impact of these improvements on the development of LAMP assays for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 is fully explored.
Patterns of organizing pneumonia and microinfarcts as surrogate for endothelial disruption and microangiopathic thromboembolic events in patients with coronavirus disease 2019	Martini,  K,  Blüthgen, et al	PLoS One	Clinical data| Données cliniques	The objective of this study was to evaluate chest-computed-tomography (CT) scans in COVID-19 patients for signs of organizing pneumonia (OP) and microinfarction as surrogate for microscopic thromboembolic events. Despite the reported hypercoagulability in critically ill patients with COVID-19, authors did not encounter higher prevalence of PE in their patient cohort compared to the control cohorts.
32841411; Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections in pregnant patients in an Italian city during the complete lockdown	Massarotti,  C,  Adriano, et al	Journal of medical virology	Clinical data| Données cliniques	For this study, results from SARS-CoV-2 screening via nasopharyngeal swab from maternity wards of the four hospitals of Genoa, Italy, were collected during a month of complete lockdown to explore the possible correlated dangers. In conclusion, even if Italy was badly affected by coronavirus disease 2019 in the studied month, the reported prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infections in asymptomatic pregnant patients at term was lower than the ones reported in the literature.
Neuropathology of patients with COVID-19 in Germany: a post-mortem case series	Matschke,  Jakob,  Lütgehetmann, et al	The Lancet Neurology	Clinical data| Données cliniques	BackgroundProminent clinical symptoms of COVID-19 include CNS manifestations. However, it is unclear whether severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of COVID-19, gains access to the CNS and whether it causes neuropathological changes. We investigated the brain tissue of patients who died from COVID-19 for glial responses, inflammatory changes, and the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in the CNS.
Prolonged viral shedding in an immunocompetent patient with COVID-19	McKie,  AM,  Jones, et al	BMJ Case Rep	Clinical data| Données cliniques	We present a case of COVID-19 in an immunocompetent patient with risk factors for severe disease who recovered after prolonged swab positivity of 61 days postsymptom onset without significant respiratory and organ dysfunction. We discuss the reasons behind her prolonged swab positivity in the context of current SARS-CoV-2 knowledge, document the trend in her inflammatory response and swab results, and discuss the implications swab positivity had on her isolation and recovery.
How the pandemic spread of COVID-19 affected children's traumatology in Italy: changes of numbers, anatomical locations, and severity	Memeo,  A,  Priano, et al	Minerva Pediatr	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	The study aim is to share our experience in hospital re-organization and management of paediatric traumatology in the early stage of COVID-19 pandemic. Authors believe that the reorganization and the guidelines have been effective to spare resources and subtract the paediatric traumatology load from those hospitals dealing with an unexpected number of critical COVID-19 patients.
Risk factors for adverse outcomes among pregnant and postpartum women with acute respiratory distress syndrome due to COVID-19 in Brazil	Menezes,  MO,  Takemoto, et al	Int J Gynaecol Obstet	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	The objective of this study was to evaluate whether clinical and social risk factors are associated with negative outcomes for COVID-19 disease among Brazilian pregnant and postpartum women.  Clinical and social risk factors and barriers to access health care are associated with adverse outcomes among maternal cases of COVID-19 ARDS in Brazil.
32965403; Telemonitoring of Brazilian Nursing homes before Coronavirus and COVID-19 Infections	Menezes,  TMO,  Freitas, et al	Revista brasileira de enfermagem	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	The objective of this study was to report the experience of telemonitoring Brazilian nursing homes before coronavirus and COVID-19 infections. The diversity of structures and economic, social and human resources needs of these locations reveal their fragility and urgency of public policies that address such diversities.
32965017; Effect of heat and humidity on the incidence and mortality due to COVID-19 pandemic in European countries	Meo,  SA,  Abukhalaf, et al	European review for medical and pharmacological sciences	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	This study aims to investigate the impact of heat and humidity on the daily basis incidence and mortality due to COVID-19 pandemic in European countries. Increase in relative humidity was associated with a decrease in the number of daily cases and deaths, however, a rise in temperature was allied with an upsurge in the number of daily cases and daily deaths due to COVID-19 pandemic in European countries.
32975297; Changes in dermatological complaints among healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 outbreak in Turkey	Metin,  N,  Turan, et al	Acta dermatovenerologica Alpina, Pannonica, et Adriatica	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This questionnaire study evaluates dermatological complaints that may arise due to hygiene measures and anxiety among healthcare professionals (HCPs) during the COVID-19 outbreak. The study showed that the frequency and severity of some dermatological complaints increased in HCPs.
PMC7516472; Child welfare workers and peritraumatic distress: The impact of COVID-19	Miller,  JJ,  Niu, et al	Child Youth Serv Rev	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	Whilst there is broad consensus that COVID-19 has had a pernicious impact on child welfare services, in general, and child welfare workers, specifically, this notion has not been thoroughly examined in the literature. This exploratory study examined COVID-19 related peritraumatic distress among child welfare workers (N = 1996) in one southeastern state in the United States (U.S.). Findings suggest that the study sample was experiencing distress levels above normal ranges; 46.4% of participants were experiencing mild or severe distress. Sexual orientation, self-reported physical and mental health, relationship status, supervision status, and financial stability impacted distress levels experienced by child welfare workers. Overall, data suggest that COVID-19 is impacting child welfare workers and there is a need to conceptualize, implement, and evaluate initiatives aimed at assuaging distress among child welfare workers.
Preventing and Addressing the Stress Reactions of Health Care Workers Caring for Patients With COVID-19: Development of a Digital Platform (Be + Against COVID)	Mira,  JJ,  Vicente, et al	JMIR Mhealth Uhealth	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	The objective of this study is to develop a digital tool to provide support resources that might prevent and consider acute stress reactions in health care workers and other support staff due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The Be + against COVID platform (website and app) was developed and launched to offer a pool of recommendations and support resources, which were specifically designed to protect the psychological well-being and the work morale of health care workers.
Impact of Covid-19 on corporate solvency and possible policy responses in the EU	Mirza,  N,  Rahat, et al	Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance	Economics | Économie	In this paper, authors investigate the impact of Covid-19 on the solvency profile of the firms in the EU member states.  Findings suggest that for a moderate deterioration in economic conditions, a tax deferral is sufficient.
SARS-CoV-2 Prevalence and Seroprevalence among Healthcare Workers in Belgian Hospitals: Baseline Results of a Prospective Cohort Study	Mortgat,  Laure,  Barbezange, et al	medRxiv	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Immunology | Immunologie	Authors aim to document the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 and the seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG among HCWs in Belgian hospitals, and to study potential risk factors for the infection in order to guide infection prevention and control (IPC) measures in healthcare institutions.  Most Belgian HCW did not show evidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection by late April 2020, and unprotected contact was the most important risk factor.
Metabolic syndrome increases COVID-19-related mortality in the UK Biobank sample	Morys,  Filip,  Dagher, et al	medRxiv	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Here, in two overlapping samples of over 1,000 individuals from the UK Biobank authors investigate whether metabolic syndrome, and its constituent components, increased waist circumference, dyslipidaemia, hypertension, diabetes, and systemic inflammation, are related to increased COVID-19 infection and mortality rates. Using logistic regression and controlling for confounding variables such as socioeconomic status, age, sex or ethnicity, authors find that individuals with pre-existing metabolic syndrome have an increased risk for COVID-19-related death.
Detection of imported COVID-19 cases worldwide: Early assessment of airport entry screening, 24 January until 17 February 2020	Mouchtouri,  VA,  Bogogiannidou, et al	Tropical Medicine and Health	Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	The purpose of this study was to provide an overview of entry screening measures applied at airports in response to the COVID-19 epidemic worldwide. Between 24 January and 17 February 2020, 5.2% (95% CI 3.1-8.5) of the 271 total imported COVID-19 cases worldwide (excluding imported cases arriving in China, Macao, and Hong Kong) with known detection location were captured through airport entry screening. The majority of imported COVID-19 cases (210) were identified by the health care system (77.5%). Efforts should focus on health care system preparedness for early case detection, since according to our and previous studies health care facilities are the actual point of entry of imported cases. © 2020 The Author(s).
Exploring the potential of traffic index data to analyze essential traffic impact in developing cities	Moyo,  T,  Kibangou, et al		Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	The aim of the paper was to assess the congestion and CO2 emission impact of essential traffic for the City of Johannesburg due to a global pandemic of an outbreak of Corona Virus . The results reveal essential traffic on the congestion index to be below 22 percent for both weekends and weekdays.
An Agent Based Model for assessing spread and health systems burden for COVID-19 using a synthetic population in Telangana state, India	Ms,  Narassima,  Jammy, et al	medRxiv	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Transmission Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	The objective of this study was to assess the transmission dynamics and the health systems burden of COVID-19 using an Agent Based Modeling (ABM) approach using a synthetic population. ABM approach helps to analyze grassroot details compared to compartmental models. Risk estimates allows the policymakers to determine the protection offered, its strength and percentage of population shielded by use of control measures.
A computational study to identify potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro) from eucalyptus active compounds	Muhammad,  IA,  Muangchoo, et al	Computation	Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	This paper chose eight natural eucalyptus compounds to study their binding interactions with the SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro) to assess their potential for becoming herbal drugs for the new SARS-CoV-2 infection virus. The findings indicate that eucalyptus may be used to inhibit the Mpro enzyme as a drug candidate.
Impact of COVID-19 on accident and emergency attendances and emergency and planned hospital admissions in Scotland: an interrupted time-series analysis	Mulholland,  RH,  Wood, et al	J R Soc Med	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	Authors aimed to measure the impact of COVID-19 on the uptake of hospital-based care at a national level in Scotland. COVID-19 has had a profoundly disruptive impact on hospital-based care across National Health Service Scotland.
Analytical study on the preventive measures followed by public during covid outbreak	Murali,  N,  Leslie Rani, et al	International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This survey deals with the adherence to control measures exhibited by the public in India, effects on their life and their knowledge and awareness levels were evaluated and analysed.  The study shows that the general public has a high awareness level on preventive measures and treatment of emotional issues are the need of the hour.
Machine learning approaches for analysis of COVID-19 data in India: A case of pandemic	Muralikrishna,  I,  Kumar, et al	International Journal of Advanced Trends in Computer Science and Engineering	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Transmission	In this study of Covid-19, machine learning techniques were applied to the datasets of twelve states with twelve dates to assess the relaxation in spread of the virus in India. The results proved that implementing Machine Learning and Deep Learning techniques would help to analysis the cases faster and monitor the region or states in the future any pandemic attacks.
Quantification of Aerosol Particle Concentrations During Endoscopic Sinonasal Surgery in the Operating Room	Murr,  A,  Lenze, et al	Am J Rhinol Allergy	Transmission Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI) Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	The objective of this study was to provide greater understanding of possible SARS-CoV-2 exposure risk during endonasal surgeries by quantifying increases in airborne particle concentrations during endoscopic sinonasal surgery. Drilling and microdebrider use during endonasal surgery in a standard operating room is associated with a significant increase in airborne particle concentrations.
Quantification of Aerosol Concentrations During Endonasal Instrumentation in the Clinic Setting	Murr,  AT,  Lenze, et al	Laryngoscope	Transmission Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI) Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This study aims to provide a greater understanding of particle generation and exposure risk during endoscopic endonasal instrumentation.  When measured with an optical particle sizer, diagnostic nasal endoscopy with a rigid endoscope is not associated with increased particle aerosolization in patient for whom sinonasal debridement is not needed.
Severe Hyponatremic Encephalopathy in a Patient With COVID-19	Naaraayan,  A,  Pant, et al	Mayo Clinic proceedings	Clinical data| Données cliniques	This editorial presents the first case of life-threatening hyponatremia in a patient with COVID-19. Viral pneumonia via ADH-dependent pathways can facilitate the development of hyponatremia in patients on long-term thiazide therapy, as observed in this patient. Remarkably, this patient had no respiratory manifestations from COVID-19 pneumonia. Rather, she presented with encephalopathy from hyponatremia, a consequence of viral pneumonia for patients on long-term thiazide therapy.
32965011; An association between exposure to Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) and mortality rate of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)	Naeem,  U,  Naeem, et al	European review for medical and pharmacological sciences	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Immunology | Immunologie	This study investigated the association between exposure of a population to MERS-CoV and mortality rate due to SARS-CoV-2 across different countries worldwide.  Results showed a significantly lower number of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) deaths per million (deaths/M) of a population in countries that are likely to be exposed to MERS-CoV. the number of COVID-19 deaths/M of a population was significantly lower in countries that reported a higher seroprevalence of MERS-CoV in camels than otherwise (t-stat=4.5077, p<0.01). Regression analysis showed that increased travelling history to Saudi Arabia is likely to be associated with a lower mortality rate due to COVID-19. This study provides evidence that a population that was at an increased risk of exposure to MERS-CoV had a significantly lower mortality rate due to SARS-CoV-2, which might be due to cross-protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2 in that population because of an earlier exposure to MERS-CoV.
Comparison of the Interactomes of SARS-CoV2 Virus E Protein and BRD4 with Bet-Inhibition – Implications for Repurposing Approved Drugs and Therapeutic Targets	Nallur,  Girish	SSRN- Lancet prepublication	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	This report models current information about the SARS-CoV2 viral proteins and their cellular interacting proteins by comparing the B cell interactomes of BRD4, with or without BET inhibition, or the E protein encoded by SARS-CoV2. Similarities with published cellular interactants of SARS-CoV2 proteins with BRD4-interacting protein candidates, with or without BET inhibition, suggest 61 cellular protein drug targets and 132 FDA approved drugs. Sample testing the model by experimentation confirmed interaction of the E protein of SARS-CoV2 with BRD4, histones, and other chromosome maintenance proteins, and of the Spike (S) protein with CANX.
Awareness on social distancing during pandemic disease among college students-a survey	Ngoubinah Pretty,  TM,  Vishnu Priya, et al	International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This survey examined the awareness of social distancing among the college students during pandemic. A well structured questionnaire comprising 16 questions covering socio-demographic information, knowledge, attitude, perception was framed and distributed to the participant through online google form link. The results showed that more than half of the participants were aware of social distancing during pandemic disease. And they were also aware that lockdowns affect the life of people to a large extent. People were aware that washing hands, social distancing, maintaining proper hygiene,can prevent pandemic disease.
Exploring U.S. shifts in anti-Asian sentiment with the emergence of COVID-19	Nguyen,  TT,  Criss, et al	International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study conducted a systematic investigation of increases in anti-Asian prejudice and attitudes. The proportion of negative tweets referencing Asians increased by 68.4% (from 9.79% in November to 16.49% in March). In contrast, the proportion of negative tweets referencing other racial/ethnic minorities (Blacks and Latinx) remained relatively stable during this time period, declining less than 1% for tweets referencing Blacks and increasing by 2% for tweets referencing Latinx. Common themes that emerged during the content analysis of a random subsample of 3,300 tweets included: racism and blame (20%), anti-racism (20%), and daily life impact (27%).
The perceived impact of Covid-19 on periodontal practice in the United Kingdom: A questionnaire study	Nibali,  L,  Ide, et al	Journal of dentistry	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This research investigated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on periodontal practice in the United Kingdom using the COM-B (Capability Opportunity Motivation-Behaviour) model as the basis for a questionnaire. The great majority of participants thought that the pandemic had an impact on their profession, while only 4.7 % had no concerns. The main worries related to financial concerns and ability to provide appropriate levels of care. More than 80 % of respondents agreed that their establishment was compliant with infection control procedures. Some participants felt benefits mainly in terms of more time for CPD activities. It was felt that some of the changes needed will need to be sustained long-term. Respondents were generally worried. However, they perceived they had the physical and psychological ability to effect changes to their practice, higher than the physical and social opportunities that they were afforded.
Dangerous shortage of blood banks as an indirect effect of SARS-CoV-2: An obstetrics perspective	Nieto-Calvache,  A,  Quintero-Santacruz, et al	Int J Gynaecol Obstet	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This study describes the impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on the frequency of blood donation (BD) in a Latin American hospital and how the social isolation policy implemented during the pandemic jeopardizes the quality of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) care due to shortages at blood banks (BB). A direct relationship was observed between the pandemic and a decrease in BD. Although emergency obstetric visits decreased, the frequency of deliveries and cases of PPH remained unchanged. After applying strategies to promote voluntary BD, a very slight increase was observed in the frequency of BD, with a negative indicator persisting between donation and blood demand.
A Privacy Preserved and Cost Efficient Control Scheme for Coronavirus Outbreak Using Call Data Record and Contact Tracing	Nisar,  Shibli,  Zuhaib, et al	arXiv	Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	This study proposed a novel technique based on call data record analysis (CDRA)and contact tracing a positive coronavirus patient. The technique can track the path traversed by the patient and collect the cell numbers of all those people who have met with the patient. Keeping in tact the privacy of this group of people, who are contacted through their cell numbers so that they can isolate themselves till the result of their coronavirus test arrives. If a test result of a person comes positive among the group, then he/she must be isolated and same CDRA and contact tracing procedures are adopted for that person. A COVID-19 patient is geo tagged and alerts are sent if any violation of isolation is done by the patient. Moreover, the general public is informed in advance to avoid the path followed by the patients.
Development of positive/negative pressure booth generating airflow for protection of medical staff from contagious respiratory pathogens	Nishimura,  H,  Sakata, et al	Journal of Thoracic Disease	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This paper describes  a one-person booth consisting of curtain walls, frames, and fan-HEPA filter-unit (FFU) designed to protect medical staff from bioparticles discharged from patients. Using the airstream from/to FFU, it has dual functions as a positive/negative pressure machine to prevent pathogens in patient's cough to reach the medical staff inside/outside the booth, respectively. The curtain walls and positioning of the patient and staff were aerodynamically optimized for the best control of the airstream.
Dynamic Panel Surveillance of COVID-19 Transmission in the United States to Inform Health Policy: Observational Statistical Study	Oehmke,  JF,  Moss, et al	J Med Internet Res	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Transmission	This study generated a novel metrics of speed, acceleration, jerk, and 7-day lag in the speed of COVID-19 transmission using state government tallies of SARS-CoV-2 infections, including state-level dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 infections. And provided the prototype for a global surveillance system to inform public health practice, including novel standardized metrics of COVID-19 transmission, for use in combination with traditional surveillance tools. During the weeks of August 17-23 and August 24-30, 2020, there were substantial regional differences in the evolution of the US pandemic. Census regions 1 and 2 were relatively quiet with a small but significant persistence effect that remained relatively unchanged from the prior 2 weeks. Census region 3 was sensitive to the number of tests administered, with a high constant rate of cases. A weekly special analysis showed that these results were driven by states with a high number of positive test reports from universities. Census region 4 had a high constant number of cases and a significantly increased persistence effect during the week of August 24-30. This change represents an increase in the transmission model R value for that week and is consistent with a re-emergence of the pandemic.
Preliminary report of in vitro and in vivo effectiveness of dornase alfa on SARS-CoV-2 infection	Okur,  HK,  Yalcin, et al	New Microbes and New Infections	Clinical data| Données cliniques Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	In this study, the authors showed the recovery of three individuals with COVID-19 after including dornase alfa in their treatment. Followed clinical improvement in the radiological analysis (two of three cases), oxygen saturation (SpO2), respiratory rate, disappearance of dyspnoea, coughing and a decrease in  neutrophil extracellular traps (NET)  formation and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) viral load after the treatment. Also share their preliminary results suggesting that dornase alfa has an anti-viral effect against SARS-CoV-2 infection in a green monkey kidney cell line, Vero, and a bovine kidney cell line, MDBK, without determined cytotoxicity on healthy peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
Willingness of Nigerian residents to disclose COVID-19 symptoms and take COVID-19 test	Oladoyin,  Victoria Oluwabunmi,  Okunlola, et al	medRxiv	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study assessed willingness to disclose symptoms suggestive of COVID-19 and willingness to take COVID-19 test as well as their predictors. Mean age of respondents was 35.8 (S.D: 10.7) years and 57.0% were males. Majority (85.8% and 86.2% respectively) were willing to disclose COVID-19 symptoms and take COVID-19 test. Self-risk perception of contracting COVID-19 predicted both willingness to disclose COVID-19 symptoms (aOR=3.236; 95%CI=1.836-5.704) and take COVID-19 test (aOR=3.174; 95%CI=1.570-6.419). Willingness to disclose COVID-19 symptoms (aOR=13.060; 95%CI= 6.253-27.276), knowledge of someone who had taken the test (aOR= 4.106; 95%CI= 1.179-14.299) and thought that it was important for people to know their COVID-19 status (aOR=3.123; 95%CI= 1.516-6.434) also predicted willingness to take COVID-19 test.
A Google–Wikipedia–Twitter Model as a Leading Indicator of the Numbers of Coronavirus Deaths	O'Leary,  DE,  Storey, et al	Intelligent Systems in Accounting, Finance and Management	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	This paper discusses the use of social media and search engine for information and insights into the diffusion of flu and other diseases. And found that a model with the number of Google searches, Twitter tweets, and Wikipedia page views provides a leading indicator model of the number of people in the USA who will become infected and die from the coronavirus. Although the authors focused on the current coronavirus pandemic, other recent viruses have threatened pandemics (e.g. severe acute respiratory syndrome). Since future and existing diseases are likely to follow a similar search for information, these insights may prove fruitful in dealing with the coronavirus and other such diseases, particularly in the early phases of the disease.
A Data-Informed Approach for Analysis, Validation, and Identification of COVID-19 Models	Olmez,  Sukru Yagiz,  Mori, et al	medRxiv	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	This paper presents a data-informed approach for building stochastic compartmental models that is grounded in the Markovian processes underlying these models. The initial data analyses reveal that the SIRD model -- susceptiple (S), infected (I), recovered (R), and death (D) -- is not consistent with the data. In particular, the transition times expressed in the dataset do not obey exponential distributions, implying that there exist unmodeled (hidden) states. The authors make use of the available epidemiological data to inform the location of these hidden states, to develop an augmented compartmental model which includes states for hospitalization (H) and end of infectious viral shedding (V). Using the proposed model, the authors characterized delay distributions analytically and matched model parameters to empirical quantities in the data to obtain a good model fit.
Prosthetic heart valves and the COVID-19 pandemic era: What should we be concerned about?	Omidi,  N,  Forouzannia, et al	Journal of cardiac surgery	Clinical data| Données cliniques	This study evaluated the coagulation features in hospitalized patients under warfarin treatment for prosthetic heart valves, with a diagnosis of COVID-19.  The median age was 62 years. All the patients received antiviral treatment, either lopinavir/ritonavir or oseltamivir. The serum level of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein ranged between 0.24 and 15.24 mg/dL. Alanine aminotransaminase was normal in all the patients except for two, with levels 1.6 and 4.2 times above normal values. The INR increased in all the patients. One (10%) patient died in the hospital. No bleeding, ischemic, or thrombotic events occurred during the hospital stay and within the 4-week follow-up.
32975186; Surveillance of COVID-19 school outbreaks, Germany, March to August 2020	Otte Im Kampe,  E,  Lehfeld, et al	Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique Surveillance	Mitigation of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic in Germany included school closures in early March 2020. After reopening in April, preventive measures were taken in schools. We analysed national surveillance system data on COVID-19 school outbreaks during different time periods. After reopening, smaller outbreaks (average: 2.2/week) occurred despite low incidence in the general population. School closures might have a detrimental effect on children and should be applied only cautiously and in combination with other measures.
Modelling and simulating a transmission of Covid-19 disease: Niger Republic case	Oumarou,  AM,  Bisso, et al	European Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	This paper focuses on the dynamics of spreads of a coronavirus disease (Covid-19). Through this paper, we study the impact of a contact rate in the transmission of the disease. We determine the basic reproductive number R0, by using the next generation matrix method. We also determine the Disease Free Equilibrium and Endemic Equilibrium points of our model. We prove that the Disease Free Equilibrium is asymptotically stable if R0  1. The asymptotical stability of Endemic Equilibrium is also establish. Numerical simulations are made to show the impact of contact rate in the spread of disease. © 2020 EJPAM All rights reserved.
PMC7532931; Otolaryngological manifestations of hospitalised patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection	Özçelik Korkmaz,  M,  Eğilmez, et al	Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	This study evaluated the incidence and characteristics of otolaryngology symptoms in COVID 19 patients. The most common otolaryngological findings were hyposmia/anosmia (37.9%) and hypogeusia/ageusia (41.37%), respectively. These complaints were followed by headache (37.1%), and nausea/vomiting (31%). The most common oropharyngeal symptoms were sore throat (32.7%) and dysphagia (20.6%). The rate of otological/vestibular symptoms was dizziness (31.8%), tinnitus (11%), true vertigo (6%), and hearing impairment (5.1%), respectively. The most of symptoms were more frequent in > 60 years and women. There was a significant correlation between nasal itching and smell disturbance in patients with allergic rhinitis. Considering the duration of symptoms, the longest were hyposmia/anosmia and hypogeusia/ageusia. The mean VAS's in patients with hyposmia/anosmia and hypogeusia/ageusia were 5.52 ± 2.08 and 5.79 ± 2.21, respectively.
Impact of environmental temperature and relative humidity on spread of COVID-19 infection in India: A cross-sectional time-series analysis	Panigrahi,  Ansuman,  Mohapatra, et al	Research Square prepub	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	This study examined the associations of daily average temperature (AT) and relative humidity (ARH) with the percent increase in COVID-19 cases.  All  fixed effects (FE) models revealed that every one-degree rise in AT led to a decrease in 3.909 points (on average) in percent increase in COVID-19 cases. All random effects (RE) models showed that with one unit increase in the malaria annual parasite index, there was a significant increase in 10.835 points (on average) in percent increase in COVID-19 cases. In both FE and RE models, ARH was found to be negatively associated with percent increase in COVID-19 cases, although in half of these models the association was statistically insignificant.
Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Ambulatory and Operating Room Rhinology Practice in the US	Papagiannopoulos,  P,  Ganti, et al	Am J Rhinol Allergy	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	The goal of this study is to better understand the impact of COVID-19 on rhinologic ambulatory and operative practice. A total of 277 U.S based rhinologists responded to the survey (23.04%). The most common practice types were single specialty private (44.9%) and academic (24.6%). 90.2% practice in a state under a shelter in place order. Comparing pre-COVID baseline to during-COVID, there was statistically significant reduction in the number of patients of seen daily in clinic (p < 0.001). The number of nasal endoscopies in the office and surgical procedures fell dramatically. Overall, 5 respondent rhinologists have been infected with COVID-19 and 27 have been furloughed.
Minor allele of Interferon-Induced Transmembrane Protein-3 (IFITM3) polymorphism (rs12252) is covered against SARS-CoV-2 infection and mortality: a worldwide epidemiological investigation	Pati,  A,  Padhi, et al	J Infect Dis	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	This study investigated the association of IFITM3 rs12252 polymorphism with susceptibility to SARSCoV-2 infection and mortality in the worldwide population. A total of 21 countries were considered for the present analysis. Spearman rank correlation analysis revealed an inverse correlation between SARS-CoV-2 infection rate per million of population and IFITM3 rs12252 minor allele (C)(r= -0.632, p=0.002, n=21). For analysis of the possible correlation between mortality rate and IFITM3 rs12252 polymorphism, interestingly, the C allele of IFITM3 rs12252 polymorphism was negatively correlated with the SARS-CoV-2 mortality rate per million (r=-0.715, p=0.0008, n=18). From this study and other observations, it can be presumed that minor allele of rs3448114 polymorphism could be positively linked with SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility and mortality.
PREDICTIONS FOR EUROPE FOR THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC AFTER LOCKDOWN WAS LIFTED USING AN SIR MODEL	Patwardhan,  Jay	medRxiv	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	The author studied the predicted cases and deaths fitted to data from March and its potential application to data in September. The data is observed to fit the model as predicted until around 150 days after December 31, 2019, after which many countries lift their lockdowns and begin to reopen. A plateau in cases followed by an increase approximately 1.5 months after is also observed. In terms of deaths, the data fits the shape of the model, but the model mostly underestimates the death toll after around 160 days. An analysis of the residuals is provided to locate the precise date of the departure of each country from its accepted data estimates and test each data point to its predicted value using a Z-test to determine whether each observation can fit the given model. The observed behavior is matched to policy measures taken in each country to attach an explanation to these observations.
Antigen-based testing but not real-time PCR correlates with SARS-CoV-2 virus culture	Pekosz,  Andrew,  Cooper, et al	medRxiv	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	Using the BD Veritor System for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2 later flow antigen detection test, this study demonstrates a higher concordance of antigen-positive test results with the presence of cultured, infectious virus when compared to RT-PCR. When compared to infectious virus isolation, the sensitivity of antigen-based testing is similar to RT-PCR. The correlation between SARS-CoV-2 antigen and SARS-CoV-2 culture represents a significant advancement in determining the risk for potential transmissibility beyond that which can be achieved by detection of SARS-CoV-2 genomic RNA. Coupled with a rapid time-to-result, low cost, and scalability, antigen-based testing should facilitate effective implementation of testing and public health interventions that will better contain COVID-19.
Outcomes and Mortality Associated with Atrial Arrhythmias Among Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19	Peltzer,  B,  Manocha, et al	J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	This study identified prevalence, risk factors and outcomes associated with atrial arrhythmias among patients hospitalized with COVID-19. Mean age of patients was 62 ± 17 years and 62% were men. Atrial arrhythmias were identified in 166 (15.8%) patients, with atrial fibrillation (AF) in 154 (14.6%) patients and atrial flutter/tachycardia (AFL) in 40 (3.8%) patients. Newly detected atrial arrhythmias occurred in 101 (9.6%) patients. Age, male sex, prior AF, renal disease, and hypoxia on presentation were independently associated with AF/AFL occurrence. Compared to patients without AF/AFL, patients with AF/AFL had significantly higher levels of troponin, B-type natriuretic peptide, C-reactive protein, ferritin and D-dimer. Mortality was significantly higher among patients with AF/AFL (39.2%) compared to patients without (13.4%; P<0.001). After adjustment for age and co-morbidities, AF/AFL (adjusted OR 1.93; P = 0.007) and newly detected AF/AFL (adjusted OR 2.87; P <0.001) were independently associated with 30-day mortality.
Understanding indonesian citizen's intentions to take personal protective measures and follow a stay-at-home order to limit the spread of COVID-19	Persada,  SF,  Miraja, et al	Humanities and Social Sciences Reviews	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study analyzed the factors which influence the Intention of the Indonesian public to take personal protective measures and follow the stay-at-home order. All 8 hypotheses were accepted. In the TPB model, It was revealed that Attitude (AT), Subjective Norms (SN), and Perceived Behavioral Control (PBC) significantly affect the public Intention to take personal protective measures. While in the PMT model, Perceived Vulnerability (PV), Perceived Severity (PS), Self-efficacy (SE), Response Efficacy (RE), and Response Cost (RC) have significant relationships with the public Intention to follow a stay-at-home order.
COVID-19 lockdown and its latency in Northern Italy: seismic evidence and socio-economic interpretation	Piccinini,  D,  Giunchi, et al	Sci Rep	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study showed the lockdown effect in Northern Italy, the COVID-19 most affected area, as revealed by noise variation at seismic stations. The reaction to lockdown was slow and not homogeneous with spots of negligible noise reduction, especially in the first week. A fresh interpretation of seismic noise variations in terms of socio-economic indicators sheds new light on the lockdown efficacy pointing to the causes of such delay: the noise reduction is significant where non strategic activities prevails, while it is small or negligible where dense population and strategic activities are present.
Mapping Neutralizing and Immunodominant Sites on the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Receptor-Binding Domain by Structure-Guided High-Resolution Serology	Piccoli,  L,  Park, et al	Cell	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Immunology | Immunologie	In a cohort of 647 SARS-CoV-2-infected subjects, the authors found that both the magnitude of Ab responses to SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) and nucleoprotein and nAb titers correlate with clinical scores. The receptor-binding domain (RBD) is immunodominant and the target of 90% of the neutralizing activity present in SARS-CoV-2 immune sera. Whereas overall RBD-specific serum IgG titers waned with a half-life of 49 days, nAb titers and avidity increased over time for some individuals, consistent with affinity maturation. Also structurally defined an RBD antigenic map and serologically quantified serum Abs specific for distinct RBD epitopes leading to the identification of two major receptor-binding motif antigenic sites. Results explain the immunodominance of the receptor-binding motif and will guide the design of COVID-19 vaccines and therapeutics.
Rapid SARS-CoV-2 antigen detection by immunofluorescence − a new tool to detect infectivity	Porte,  Lorena,  Legarraga, et al	medRxiv	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	This study presents the performance of two novel FIA automated antigen detection systems in samples from Covid-19 patients presenting within 5 days of symptom onset. The evaluated SARS-CoV-2 antigen rapid fluorescence immunoassays reliably identified patients within the first 5 days of symptom onset, when respiratory secretions carried high viral loads. The study included a total of 64 samples, 32 were RT-PCR positive and 32 RT-PCR negative. The median age was 39 years (IQR 36.7-57) and 52% were male. Median days from symptom onset to RT-PCR testing of positive and negative cases were 2 (IQR 1-3) and 1 (IQR 0.75-4), respectively. Ct values had a median of 17.95 (IQR, 16.4-22.4); 29/32 samples (90.6%) had a Ct ≤25. Both assays demonstrated an overall sensitivity >90%, reaching 100% for samples with high viral loads. This high performance suggests that these tests might play an important role for future PCR-independent strategies to detect early or infective cases.
Public perception on transparency and trust in government information released during the COVID-19 pandemic	Pramiyanti,  A,  Mayangsari, et al	Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study explored the public's perception on the transparency and trust of the Indonesian government's COVID-19 information. A mixed-method survey of 500 participants found that public perception of transparency in the government’s release of COVID-19 information is still at a low level. This perceived low level of transparency generates minimum trust in the information. Only 8% of participants trust the government’s information regarding the virus. Even though the Indonesian government launched an official website, www.covid19.go.id, which is intended as a primary source of valid information about COVID-19 in Indonesia, most survey participants had never used the website. However, contrary to the low levels of perceived transparency and trust, most participants said that the messages from the government are clear and easy to understand. This contradiction resulted from skepticism toward the government. Therefore, this research presents a better understanding of how the level of transparency and trust is also related to the level of skepticism of the government.
A Comparison of Five SARS-CoV-2 Molecular Assays With Clinical Correlations	Procop,  GW,  Brock, et al	Am J Clin Pathol	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	This study compared the real-world performance of SARS-CoV-2 molecular assays that have been operationalized through the US Food and Drug Administration's Emergency Use Authorization process. Characteristics such as sensitivity, specificity, and false-negative rate are important to inform clinical use. We compared five SARS-CoV-2 assays using nasopharyngeal and nasal swab specimens submitted in transport media; we enriched this cohort for positive specimens, since we were particularly interested in the sensitivity and false-negative rate. Performance of each test was compared with a composite standard. The sensitivities and false-negative rates of the 239 specimens that met inclusion criteria were, respectively, as follows: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2019 nCoV Real-Time RT-PCR Diagnostic Panel, 100% and 0%; TIB MOLBIOL/Roche z 480 Assay, 96.5% and 3.5%; Xpert Xpress SARS-CoV-2 (Cepheid), 97.6% and 2.4%; Simplexa COVID-19 Direct Kit (DiaSorin), 88.1% and 11.9%; and ID Now COVID-19 (Abbott), 83.3% and 16.7%. The assays that included a nucleic acid extraction followed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction were more sensitive than assays that lacked a full extraction. Most false negatives were seen in patients with low viral loads, as extrapolated from crossing threshold values.
32858138; Catheterization laboratory activity before and during COVID-19 spread: A comparative analysis in Piedmont, Italy, by the Italian Society of Interventional Cardiology (GISE)	Quadri,  G,  Rognoni, et al	International journal of cardiology	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This study aimed to report the impact of COVID-19 on interventional coronary and structural procedures in Piedmont, Italy. The number of coronary angiographies (CAG), percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI), primary PCI (pPCI), transcatheter aortic valve replacements (TAVR) and Mitraclip performed in Piedmont between March 1st and April 20th, 2020 (CoV-time) were collected from each catheterization laboratory and compared to the number of procedures performed the year before in the same months (NoCoV-time). Procedural data from 18 catheterization laboratories were collected. Both coronary (5498 versus 2888: difference: −47.5%; mean 305.4 VS 160.4; p = 0.002) and structural (84 versus 17: difference: −79.8%; mean 4.7 Vs 0.9; p < 0.001) procedures decreased during CoV-time compared to NoCoV-time. In particular, coronary angiographies (1782 versus 3460), PCI (1074 versus 1983), p PCI (271 versus 410), TAVR (11 versus 72) and Mitraclip (6 versus 12) showed a reduction of 48.5%, 45.7%, 33.7%, 84.7% and 50.0%, respectively (all p for comparison <0.05). Compared to the same time-period in 2019, there was a dramatic decrease in both coronary and structural interventional procedures during COVID-19 epidemic in Piedmont, Italy.
Fatal outcome of anti-MDA5 juvenile dermatomyositis in a pediatric COVID-19 patient: a case report	Quintana-Ortega,  C,  Remesal, et al	Mod Rheumatol Case Rep	Clinical data| Données cliniques	This case report describes an 11-year-old girl with anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 juvenile dermatomyositis (anti-MDA5 JDM) and rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease (RP-ILD), further aggravated by SARS-CoV-2 infection. On admission, fibrobronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) revealed Pneumocystis jirovecii infection so treatment with intravenous trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole was initiated. Due to RP-ILD worsening, immunosuppressive therapy was intensified using methylprednisolone pulses, cyclophosphamide, tofacitinib and intravenous immunoglobulin without response. She developed severe hypoxemic respiratory failure, pneumomediastinum and pneumothorax, further complicated with severe RP-ILD and cervical subcutaneous emphysema. Three real-time RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2 were made with a negative result. In addition, she was complicated with a secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis and a fourth real-time PCR for SARS-CoV-2 performed in BAS sample was positive. Despite aggressive treatment of RP-ILD due to anti-MDA5 JDM, there was no improvement of respiratory failure in the following days and patient developed refractory septic shock and died. Anti-MDA5 JDM patients with RP-ILD have a poor prognosis with a high mortality rate.
Consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic on the continuum of care in a cohort of people living with HIV followed in a single center of Northern Italy	Quiros-Roldan,  E,  Magro, et al	AIDS Res Ther	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	People living with HIV are at increased risk of acquiring SARS-CoV-2 and to have their HIV continuum of care interrupted. This is a retrospective, observational study. We compared the numbers of medical visits performed, antiretroviral drugs dispensed and the number of new HIV diagnosis and of hospitalizations in a cohort of people living with HIV (PLWH) followed by the Spedali Civili of Brescia between the bimester of the COVID-19 pandemic peak and the bimester of October-November 2019. Data were retrieved from administrative files and from paper and electronic clinical charts. Means for continuous variables were compared using Student's t-tests and the Mann-Whitney test. Proportions for categorical variables were compared using the χ(2) test. As of December 31st, 2019, a total of 3875 PLWH were followed in our clinic. Overall, 98.9% were on ART (n = 3834), 93% were viro-suppressed. A total of 1217 and 1162 patients had their visit scheduled at our out-patient HIV clinic during the two bimesters of 2019 and 2020, respectively. Comparing the two periods, we observed a raise of missed visits from 5 to 8% (p < 0.01), a reduction in the number of new HIV diagnosis from 6.4 in 2019 to 2.5 per month in 2020 (p = 0.01), a drop in ART dispensation and an increase of hospitalized HIV patients due to COVID-19. ART regimens including protease inhibitors (PIs) had a smaller average drop than ART not including PIs (16.6 vs 21.6%, p < 0.05). Whether this may be due to the perception of a possible efficacy of PIs on COVID19 is not known. Our experience highlights the importance of a resilient healthcare system and the need to implement new strategies in order to guarantee the continuum of HIV care even in the context of emergency.
Crowding and the shape of COVID-19 epidemics	Rader,  B,  Scarpino, et al	Nat Med	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Transmission	Empirical evidence on the effect of key geographic factors on local epidemic transmission is lacking. In this study, we analyzed highly resolved spatial variables in cities, together with case count data, to investigate the role of climate, urbanization and variation in interventions. We show that the degree to which cases of COVID-19 are compressed into a short period of time (peakedness of the epidemic) is strongly shaped by population aggregation and heterogeneity, such that epidemics in crowded cities are more spread over time, and crowded cities have larger total attack rates than less populated cities. Observed differences in the peakedness of epidemics are consistent with a meta-population model of COVID-19 that explicitly accounts for spatial hierarchies. We paired our estimates with globally comprehensive data on human mobility and predict that crowded cities worldwide could experience more prolonged epidemics.
Design of a nonlinear model for the propagation of COVID-19 and its efficient nonstandard computational implementation	Rafiq,  M,  Macías-Díaz, et al	Applied Mathematical Modelling	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Transmission	A mathematical model was developed to describe the spreading of an COVID-19 in a human population. The model adopts the form of a nonlinear susceptible-exposed-infected-quarantined-recovered system, and we investigate it both analytically and numerically. Analytically, we obtain the equilibrium points in the presence and absence of the coronavirus. We also calculate the reproduction number and provide conditions that guarantee the local and global asymptotic stability of the equilibria. To that end, various tools from analysis will be employed, including Volterra-type Lyapunov functions, LaSalle's invariance principle and the Routh–Hurwitz criterion. To simulate computationally the dynamics of propagation of the disease, we propose a nonstandard finite-difference scheme to approximate the solutions of the mathematical model. A thorough analysis of the discrete model is provided in this work, including the consistency and the stability analyses, along with the capability of the discrete model to preserve the equilibria of the continuous system.
Fractal and inertia moment analysis of SARS CoV-2 proliferation through replication	Raj,  Vimal,  Sreejyothi, et al	medRxiv	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	The present work proposes a surrogate method for understanding and analyzing the replication of SARS CoV-2 through fractal and inertia moment (IM) analysis of cell culture images at different stages. The fractal analysis of images of cell culture, calculated by the box-counting and power spectral density methods, reflect the stages of virus infection, leading to the replication of the virus RNA and damaging the host cell. The linear increase of IM value reveals not only the proliferation of SARS CoV-2 by replication but also damage to the host cell with time. Thus, the work shows the possibility of fractal analysis and IM measurement for understanding the dynamics of the virus infection.
A Case of Guillain-Barré Syndrome Associated With COVID-19	Rajdev,  K,  Victor, et al	Journal of Investigative Medicine High Impact Case Reports	Clinical data| Données cliniques	We report a rare case of a COVID-19-positive 36-year-old immunocompromised male who presented with clinical features of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). His clinical examination showed generalized weakness and hyporeflexia. The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis showed albuminocytological dissociation. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) was administered based on the high clinical suspicion of GBS. The patient’s neurological condition worsened with progression to bulbar weakness and ultimately neuromuscular respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation. His nerve conduction studies were consistent with demyelinating polyneuropathy. He received five plasma exchange treatments and was successfully weaned from mechanical ventilation. A brain and cervical spine magnetic resonance imaging was obtained to rule out other causes, which was normal. COVID-19 is believed to cause a dysregulated immune system, which likely plays an important role in the neuropathogenesis of GBS.
Public perception on the management and prevention of COVID-19 in India-a survey	Ram,  AJ,  Roy, et al	International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The aim of the study was to know the public perception in the management and prevention of COVID-19 in India. A questionnaire was prepared about the public perception to manage and prevent the COVID-19 in India with the help of Google forms and was circulated through social networking. 106 responses were obtained from the survey. The data were analyzed using SPSS software and the outcome was expressed with the help of pie charts and bar diagrams. Chi-Square test was carried out and p value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Various figures and questions are explained from the public's opinion obtained through the survey. 80.2 % of people said that social distancing helps to prevent the community spread of COVID-19 in India. 11.3 % of people told that maybe social distancing would help them to prevent the spread of COVID-19 in India and the remaining 8.5 % of people told that social distancing does not help to prevent the community spread of COVID-19 in India. The results concluded that wearing a facemask, frequent hand wash, and other factors help to prevent and manage the prevention of COVID-19 in India.
Molecular features of non‐selective small molecule antagonists of the bradykinin receptors	Rasaeifar,  B,  Gomez‐gutierrez, et al	Pharmaceuticals	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	In the present report, we investigated the molecular features characterizing non‐selective antagonists targeting the bradykinin receptors and carried out a in silico screening of approved drugs, aimed at the identification of compounds with a non‐selective bradykinin antagonist profile that can be evaluated for drug repurposing. The study permitted to identify eight compounds as prospective non‐selective antagonists of the bradykinin receptors, including raloxifene; sildenafil; cefepime; cefpirome; imatinib; ponatinib; abemaciclib and entrectinib.
Extremely preterm infant admissions within the SafeBoosC-III consortium during the COVID-19 lockdown	Rasmussen,  Marie Isabel,  Hansen, et al	medRxiv	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	The objective was to evaluate if the number of admitted extremely preterm (EP) infants (born before 28weeks of gestational age) has changed in the neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) of the SafeBoosC-III consortium during the global lockdown when compared to the corresponding time period in 2019. This is a retrospective, observational study. Forty-six out of 79 NICUs (58%) from 17 countries participated. Principal investigators were asked to report the following information: 1) Total number of EP infant admissions to their NICU in the three months where the lockdown restrictions were most rigorous during the first phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, 2) Similar EP infant admissions in the corresponding three months of 2019, 3) the level of local restrictions during the lockdown period and 4) the local impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on the everyday life of a pregnant woman. There was no significant difference between the number of EP infant admissions during the three most rigorous lockdown months of the COVID-19 pandemic compared to the corresponding three months in 2019. There were no significant changes within individual geographic regions and no significant association between the level of lockdown restrictions and change in the number of EP infant admissions. This larger ad hoc study did not confirm previous studies report of a major reduction in the number of extremely preterm births during the first phase of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: Observations from an Indian inception cohort	Rathi,  M,  Singh, et al	Lupus	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The objective was to assess the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the management of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) patients who were enrolled in the nation-wide inception cohort. A questionnaire was administered to the SLE patients enrolled in the inception cohort. Questions related to the effect on disease activity, preventive measures adopted against COVID-19, the incidence of COVID-19, hardships faced in getting access to health care professionals and availability of medicines, adherence, fear of COVID-19 and the potential benefits of being part of the registry. A total of 1040 (90% females) patients completed the questionnaire. Twenty-Four (2.3%) patients had developed fever (>1 day) during this period, including one patient with additional symptoms of diarrhoea and anosmia, however, none of the patients developed COVID-19 infection. 262 patients (25.2%) reported financial difficulty during this period and patients reported an average excess expenditure of at least 2255.45 INR ($30) per month. 378 patients (36%) reported problems in getting their prescribed medicines due to lockdown. Of these, 167 (40%) patients needed to change their medication schedule due to this non-availability. Almost 54% of patients missed their scheduled follow up visits during the lockdown period and 37% of patients were unable to get their investigations done due to closure of laboratories and hospitals. 266 patients (25.5%) reported worsening of various symptoms of SLE during this period. The current COVID-19 pandemic has made a huge impact on our SLE patients. Patients faced difficulty in the availability of medicines, missed the doses of medicines, had financial constraints, and spent more money on health during the pandemic.
Scalable, effective, and rapid decontamination of SARS-CoV-2 contaminated N95 respirators using germicidal ultra-violet C (UVC) irradiation device	Rathnasinghe,  Raveen,  Karlicek, et al	medRxiv	Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI)	This study describes a rapid and effective UVC irradiation system that would facilitate the safe re-use of N95 respirators and provides supporting information for deploying UVC for decontamination of SARS-CoV-2 during the COVID19 pandemic. The objective was to assess the inactivation potential of the proposed UVC germicidal device as a function of time by using 3M 8211 - N95 particulate respirators inoculated with SARS-CoV-2.  A germicidal UVC device to deliver tailored UVC dose was developed and snippets (2.5cm2) of the 3M-N95 respirator were inoculated with 106 plaque-forming units (PFU) of SARS-CoV-2 and were UV irradiated. Different exposure times were tested (0-164 seconds) by fixing the distance between the lamp (10 cm) and the mask while providing an exposure of at least 5.43 mWcm-2. Primary measure of outcome was titration of infectious virus recovered from virus-inoculated respirator pieces after UVC exposure. Other measures included the method validation of the irradiation protocol, using lentiviruses (biosafety level-2 agent) and establishment of the germicidal UVC exposure protocol. n average of 4.38x103 PFUml-1(SD 772.68) was recovered from untreated masks while 4.44x102 PFUml-1(SD 203.67), 4.00x102 PFUml-1(SD 115.47), 1.56x102 PFUml-1(SD 76.98) and 4.44x101 PFUml-1(SD 76.98) was recovered in exposures 2s,6s,18s and 54 seconds per side respectively. The germicidal device output and positioning was monitored and a minimum output of 5.43 mWcm-2 was maintained. Infectious SARS-CoV-2 was not detected by plaque assays (minimal level of detection is 67 PFUml-1) on N95 respirator snippets when irradiated for 120s per side or longer suggesting 3.5 log reduction in 240 seconds of irradiation. UVC germicidal irradiation of N95 snippets inoculated with SARS-CoV-2 for 120s per side resulted in 100% (3.5 log in total) reduction of virus.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in two pediatric patients with kidney disease on chronic immunosuppression: A case series	Rawson,  A,  Wilson, et al	Hemodial Int	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Limited data are present for children with kidney disease, and there are limited prior reports of pediatric hemodialysis patients with COVID-19. This report describes the mild clinical disease course of COVID-19 in two pediatric patients with chronic kidney disease, one on hemodialysis and both on chronic immunosuppression. We review treatment in these patients, as well as our measures to reduce transmission among our hemodialysis patients and staff.
New challenges to mental health needs in response to the COVID-19 outbreak in India: Insights from a pilot survey	Ray,  Suman	Research Square prepub	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	With the pandemic rapidly rising at the global level and so its impact on the mental health, a pilot survey (online) using DASS Scale 21 was conducted to know how COVID-19 has affected mental health status of general population in India. The results showed that anxiety and stress were prevalent from mild to moderate level and depression in mild level. As the uncertain future due to COVID-19 is becoming dominant, it is high time to prepare ourselves so as to prevent the second wave of mental health crises post COVID-19 pandemic.
PMC7532951; Role of knowledge, behavior, norms, and e-guidelines in controlling the spread of COVID-19: evidence from Pakistan	Raza,  A,  Ali, et al	Environ Sci Pollut Res Int	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This research explores the impact of influencing factors like COVID-19 knowledge, behavioral control, moral and subject norms, preventive e-guidelines by the government, and environmental factors on the intention to prevent COVID-19 and risk aversion. A cross-sectional study was performed of 310 respondents about different COVID-19 related influencing factors in Pakistan. The partial least square-structural equation modeling was applied to estimate the path coefficient. Moral and subject norms (0.359) had a comparatively higher path coefficient. Other influencing factors/drivers were preventive e-guideline by the government (0.215) followed by COVID-19 knowledge (0.197), and behavioral control (0.121). The intention to prevent COVID-19 showed a positive and significant impact (0.705) on risk aversion. The indirect analysis also confirmed that the positive influence of moral and subject norms, COVID-19 knowledge, preventive e-guideline by the government, and behavioral control on risk aversion. However, the path coefficient of environmental factors was negative but insignificant, which implies than environmental factors do not influence the intention to prevent COVID-19. It is suggested to provide clear guidelines using print, social, electronic media. It is also suggested to provide e-guidelines in local languages. The COVID-19 knowledge about its transmission, symptoms, and precautions is also useful.
32919963; Asymmetric link between environmental pollution and COVID-19 in the top ten affected states of US: A novel estimations from quantile-on-quantile approach	Razzaq,  A,  Sharif, et al	Environmental research	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	This study draws the link between COVID-19 and air pollution (ground ozone O3) from February 29, 2020 to July 10, 2020 in the top 10 affected States of the US. Utilizing quantile-on-quantile (QQ) estimation technique, we examine in what manner the quantiles of COVID-19 affect the quantiles of air pollution and vice versa. The primary findings confirm overall dependence between COVID-19 and air pollution. Empirical results exhibit a strong negative effect of COVID-19 on air pollution in New York, Texas, Illinois, Massachusetts, and Pennsylvania; especially at medium to higher quantiles, while New Jersey, Illinois, Arizona, and Georgia show strong negative effect mainly at lower quantiles. Contrarily, COVID-19 positively affects air pollution in Pennsylvania at extreme lower quantiles. On the other side, air pollution predominantly caused to increase in the intensity of COVID-19 cases across all states except lower quantiles of Massachusetts, and extreme higher quantiles of Arizona and New Jersey, where this effect becomes less pronounced or negative. Concludingly, a rare positive fallout of COVID-19 is reducing environmental pressure, while higher environmental pollution causes to increase the vulnerability of COVID-19 cases. These findings imply that air pollution is at the heart of chronic diseases, therefore the state government should consider these asymmetric channels and introduce appropriate policy measures to reset and control atmospheric emissions. © 2020 Elsevier Inc.
Stability or change of public opinion and values during the coronavirus crisis? Exploring Dutch longitudinal panel data	Reeskens,  T,  Muis, et al	European Societies	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study aimed to test the stability or change of a well-selected set of opinions and values before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. We rely on a unique longitudinal panel study whereby the Dutch fieldwork of the European Values Study 2017 web survey serves as a baseline; respondents were re-approached in May 2020. The findings indicate that values remain largely stable. However, there is an increase in political support, confirming the so-called rally effect. We conclude our manuscript with a response to the futurists expecting changes in public opinion because of the coronavirus crisis.
Spontaneous pneumothorax in an elderly patient with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pneumonia	Rehman,  T,  Josephson, et al	Ochsner Journal	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Background: The relationship between the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) and pneumothorax is not yet established. As of June 2020, few cases of nonintubated patients developing pneumothorax had been documented. Case Report: We present the case of an elderly patient with COVID-19 pneumonia that resulted in a prolonged hospital course because of pneumothorax complication. The patient did not develop severe symptoms and did not require intubation. Conclusion: This case report should aid clinicians assessing patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. © 2020 by the author(s).
Performance of Existing and Novel Surveillance Case Definitions for COVID-19 in the Community	Reses,  HannahE,  Fajans, et al	medRxiv	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Surveillance	We collected daily symptom diaries and performed RT-PCR on respiratory specimens over a 14-day period in 185 community members exposed to a household contact with COVID-19 in the Milwaukee, Wisconsin and Salt Lake City, Utah metropolitan areas. We interpreted the discriminatory performance (sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, F-1 score, Youden's index, and prevalence estimation) of individual symptoms and common case definitions according to two principal surveillance applications (i.e., individual screening and case counting). We also constructed novel case definitions using an exhaustive search with over 73 million symptom combinations and calculated bias-corrected and accelerated bootstrap confidence intervals stratified by children versus adults. Common COVID-19 case definitions generally showed high sensitivity (86-96%) but low positive predictive value (PPV) (36-49%; F-1 score 52-63) in this community cohort. The top performing novel symptom combinations included taste or smell dysfunction. They also improved the balance of sensitivity and PPV (F-1 score 78-80) and reduced the number of false positive symptom screens. Performance indicators were generally lower for children (<18 years of age).  Existing COVID-19 case definitions appropriately screened in community members with COVID-19. However, they led to many false positive symptom screens and poorly estimated community prevalence
Virus spread versus contact tracing: two competing contagion processes	Reyna-Lara,  Adriana	arXiv	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	The best strategy to date is to isolate diagnosed cases of infection, thus preventing further transmission. This technique consists on test the population for diagnosis, track the contacts of infected, and treat by quarantine all these cases, namely Test-Track-Treat (TTT). We propose a compartmental model that couples the dynamics of the infection with the contact tracing and isolation of cases. We develop an analytical expression for the effective case reproduction number Rc(t) that reveals the role of contact tracing in the mitigation and suppression of the epidemics. We show that there is a trade-off between the infection propagation and the isolation of cases. If the isolation is limited to symptomatic individuals only, the incidence curve can be flattened but not bent. However, when contact tracing is applied, the strategy bends the curve leading to a fast suppression of the epidemic outbreak. We illustrate this qualitative difference between the two strategies and identify the factors that explain the effectiveness of contact tracing in sharply reversing the upward trend of the original epidemic curve, causing its bending.
32965306; Worldwide COVID-19 spreading explained: traveling numbers as a primary driver for the pandemic	Ribeiro,  SP,  DÁttilo, et al	Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Transmission Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	We tested whether the number of flight passengers per time and the number of international frontiers could explain the number of cases of COVID-19 worldwide by a stepwise regression. Analysis were taken by 22 May 2020, a period when one would claim that early patterns of the pandemic establishment were still detectable, despite of community transmission in various places. The number of passengers arriving in a country and the number of international borders explained significantly 49% of the variance in the distribution of the number of cases of COVID-19, and number of passengers explained significantly 14.2% of data variance for cases per million inhabitants. Ecological neutral theory may explain a considerable part of the early distribution of SARS-CoV-2 and should be taken into consideration to define preventive international actions before a next pandemic.
COVID-19 severity in asthma patients: A multi-center matched cohort study	Robinson,  LaceyB,  Wang, et al	medRxiv	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	The objective of this study was to improve our understanding of the clinically important association of asthma and COVID-19. A matched cohort study was performed using data from the Mass General Brigham Health Care System (Boston, MA). Adult (age ≥ 18 years) patients with confirmed Coronavirus disease 2019 and without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cystic fibrosis, or interstitial lung disease between March 4, 2020 and July 2, 2020 were analyzed. Up to 5 non-asthma comparators were matched to each asthma patient based on age (within 5 years), sex, and date of positive test (within 7 days). The primary outcomes were hospitalization, mechanical ventilation, and death, using multivariable Cox-proportional hazards models accounting for competing risk of death, when appropriate. Patients were followed for these outcomes from diagnosis of Coronavirus disease 2019 until July 2, 2020.  Among 562 asthma patients, 199 (21%) were hospitalized, 15 (3%) received mechanical ventilation, and 7 (1%) died. Among the 2686 matched comparators, 487 (18%) were hospitalized, 107 (4%) received mechanical ventilation, and 69 (3%) died. The adjusted Hazard Ratios among asthma patients were 0.99 (95% Confidence Internal 0.80, 1.22) for hospitalization, 0.69 (95% Confidence Internal 0.36, 1.29) for mechanical ventilation, and 0.30 (95% Confidence Internal 0.11, 0.80) for death. In this matched cohort study from a large Boston-based healthcare system, asthma was associated with comparable risk of hospitalization and mechanical ventilation but a lower risk of mortality.
Baricitinib improves respiratory function in patients treated with corticosteroids for SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia: an observational cohort study	Rodriguez-Garcia,  J,  Sanchez-Nievas, et al	Rheumatology (Oxford)	Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	We aimed to assess whether baricitinib improved pulmonary function in patients treated with high-dose corticosteroids for moderate to severe SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. This observational study enrolled patients with moderate to severe SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia arterial oxygen partial pressure (PaO2)/fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) <200 mmHg] who received lopinavir/ritonavir and HCQ plus either corticosteroids (CS group, n = 50) or corticosteroids and baricitinib (BCT-CS group, n = 62). The primary end point was the change in oxygen saturation as measured by pulse oximetry (SpO2)/FiO2 from hospitalization to discharge. Secondary end points included the proportion of patients requiring supplemental oxygen at discharge and 1 month later. Statistics were adjusted by the inverse propensity score weighting (IPSW). A greater improvement in SpO2/FiO2 from hospitalization to discharge was observed in the BCT-CS vs CS group (mean differences adjusted for IPSW, 49; 95% CI: 22, 77; P < 0.001). A higher proportion of patients required supplemental oxygen both at discharge (62.0% vs 25.8%; reduction of the risk by 82%, OR adjusted for IPSW, 0.18; 95% CI: 0.08, 0.43; P < 0.001) and 1 month later (28.0% vs 12.9%, reduction of the risk by 69%, OR adjusted for IPSW, 0.31; 95% CI: 0.11, 0.86; P = 0.024) in the CS vs BCT-CS group. In patients with moderate to severe SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia a combination of baricitinib with corticosteroids was associated with greater improvement in pulmonary function when compared with corticosteroids alone. European Network of Centres for Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacovigilance, ENCEPP (EUPAS34966, http://www.encepp.eu/encepp/viewResource.htm? id = 34967).
How to Improve Compliance with Protective Health Measures during the COVID-19 Outbreak: Testing a Moderated Mediation Model and Machine Learning Algorithms	Roma,  P,  Monaro, et al	Int J Environ Res Public Health	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	In the wake of the sudden spread of COVID-19, a large amount of the Italian population practiced incongruous behaviors with the protective health measures. The present study aimed at examining psychological and psychosocial variables that could predict behavioral compliance. An online survey was administered from 18-22 March 2020 to 2766 participants. Paired sample t-tests were run to compare efficacy perception with behavioral compliance. Mediation and moderated mediation models were constructed to explore the association between perceived efficacy and compliance, mediated by self-efficacy and moderated by risk perception and civic attitudes. Machine learning algorithms were trained to predict which individuals would be more likely to comply with protective measures. Results indicated significantly lower scores in behavioral compliance than efficacy perception. Risk perception and civic attitudes as moderators rendered the mediating effect of self-efficacy insignificant. Perceived efficacy on the adoption of recommended behaviors varied in accordance with risk perception and civic engagement. The 14 collected variables, entered as predictors in machine learning models, produced an ROC area in the range of 0.82-0.91 classifying individuals as high versus low compliance. Overall, these findings could be helpful in guiding age-tailored information/advertising campaigns in countries affected by COVID-19 and directing further research on behavioral compliance.
Early observations on the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on air quality trends across the UK	Ropkins,  K,  Tate, et al	Science of the Total Environment	Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	Break-point/segment methods are applied to air pollutant time-series from the first half of 2020 to provide an independent estimate of the timings of discrete changes in NO, NO2, NOx, O3, PM10 and PM2.5 time-series from Automatic Urban Rural Network (AURN) monitoring stations across the UK. NO, NO2 and NOx all exhibit abrupt decreases at the time the UK locked down of (on average) 7.6 to 17 μg·m−3 (or 32 to 50%) at Urban Traffic stations and 4 to 5.7 μg·m−3 (or 26 to 46%) at Urban Background stations. However, after the initial abrupt reduction, gradual increases were then observed through lockdown. This suggests that the return of vehicles to the road during early lockdown has already offset much of the air quality improvement seen when locking down (provisional estimate 50 to 70% by 01 July). While locking down O3 increased (7 to 7.4 μg·m−3 or 14 to 17% at Urban stations) broadly in line with NO2 reductions, but later changes suggest significant non-lockdown contributions to O3 during the months that followed. Increases of similar magnitudes were observed for both PM10 (5.9 to 6.3 μg·m−3) and PM2.5 (3.9 to 5.0 μg·m−3) at both Rural and Urban stations alike, but the distribution of changes suggests the lockdown was not an obvious direct source of changes in levels of either of these species during this period, and that more complex contributions, e.g. from resuspension and secondary aerosol, may be more likely major drivers for these changes.
Successful Orthotopic Liver Transplantation in a Patient with a Positive SARS-CoV2 Test and Acute Liver Failure Secondary to Acetaminophen Overdose	Rouphael,  C,  D'Amico, et al	Am J Transplant	Clinical data| Données cliniques	We describe the case of an orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) in a young female who presented with acute liver failure secondary to acetaminophen toxicity to manage abdominal pain and in the setting of a positive SARS-CoV2 test. Despite a positive test, she had no respiratory symptoms at time of presentation. The positive test was thought to be residual viral load. The patient had a very favorable outcome, likely related to multiple factors including her young age, lack of respiratory COVID-19 manifestations and plasma exchange peri-operatively. We recommend a full work-up for OLT in COVID-19 patients with uncomplicated disease according to standard of care, with careful interpretation of COVID-19 testing in patients presenting with conditions requiring urgent or emergent surgery as well as repeat testing even a few days after initial testing, as this could alter management.
A patient with COVID-19 presenting multiple thrombi in the left ventricle	Rubartelli,  P,  Toselli, et al	Acta Cardiol	Clinical data| Données cliniques	This case study describes a 43-year-old gentleman who was hospitalised for low-grade fever, fatigue, hypotension, and gastroenteric disorders. Thrombus located in the LV apex is common, while thrombus adhering to the anterolateral wall is very infrequent. Preliminary reports highlight the role of haemostatic derangements in clinical manifestations of COVID-19. The authors speculate that hypercoagulable state and myocardial dysfunction, both possibly related to COVID-19, contributed to the formation of this unusual LV thrombosis.
Information on COVID-19 and psychological distress in a sample of non-health workers during the pandemic period	Ruiz-Frutos,  C,  Ortega-Moreno, et al	International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	Analyzed information the public receives about COVID-19 and its influence on their level of distress. It has been found that the time spent learning about COVID-19 and the level of knowledge about symptoms, pathways, prevention, treatment, or prognosis are associated with the level of distress, where 25% of participants were found to have spent more than 3 h daily on this activity. Social media and television are the most widely used sources, but they are considered to be of lower quality and usefulness than official sources. There is greater confidence in healthcare professionals than in the health system, and the main concern of those working away from home is spreading the virus to family members.
The morbidity and mortality of COVID-19 are correlated with the Ile105Val glutathione S-transferase P1 polymorphism	Saadat,  M	Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	The association between the Ile105Val GSTP1 polymorphism (rs1695) and susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection, as well as its outcome was investigated. The findings indicate that countries with higher Val105 allelic frequency of the rs1695 polymorphism showed higher prevalence and mortality of COVID-19.
Early transfusion of a large cohort of COVID-19 patients with high titer anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike protein IgG convalescent plasma confirms a signal of significantly decreased mortality	Salazar,  Eric,  Christensen, et al	medRxiv	Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	Recently reported results from interim analysis of a propensity-score matched study suggesting that early treatment of COVID-19 patients with convalescent plasma containing high titer anti-spike protein receptor binding domain (RBD) IgG significantly decreases mortality. We here present results from 60-day follow up of our cohort of 351 transfused hospitalized patients. Prospective determination of ELISA anti-RBD IgG titer facilitated selection and transfusion of the highest titer units available. Retrospective analysis by the Ortho VITROS IgG assay revealed a median signal/cutoff (S/C) ratio of 24.0 for transfused units, a value far exceeding the recently FDA-required cutoff of 12.0 for designation of high titer convalescent plasma. With respect to altering mortality, our analysis identified an optimal window of 44 hours post-hospitalization for transfusing COVID-19 patients with high titer convalescent plasma.
COVID-19 containment and its unrestrained impact on epilepsy management in resource-limited areas of Pakistan	Saleem,  T,  Sheikh, et al	Epilepsy and Behavior	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study was aimed to find out impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on management of epilepsy. 77% of the respondents were from rural areas and 23% from urban settings. Results showed that partial measures of lockdown taken to stop or slow the spread of COVID-19 resulted in adverse economic and health outcomes in the said population including cancelation of follow-up visits, worsening of seizures, job loss, burden of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) costs, and discontinuation of medicines. Furthermore, knowledge about alternative ways to access health facilities was found very poor among caregivers
PMC7532945; Thromboelastography findings in critically ill COVID-19 patients	Salem,  N,  Atallah, et al	J Thromb Thrombolysis	Clinical data| Données cliniques	The rate of venous and arterial thrombotic events among patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SAR-CoV-2) is high. This may be due to a hypercoagulable state induced by the severe inflammation that results from the SAR-CoV-2 infection. We aimed to determine hypercoagulable states' incidence based on thromboelastography study and its association with thrombotic events in critically ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Fifty-two COVID-19 patients who had thromboelastography study were retrospectively included. All patients received pharmacologic thromboprophylaxis. The hypercoagulable state was observed in 16 patients (30.8%). Among them, maximum amplitude and a-angle were elevated in 75% and 25%, respectively. Reaction time and K were low in only 12.5% for both of them. Inflammatory and coagulation markers, as well as thromboprophylaxis regimens, were not associated with a hypercoagulable state. Fourteen patients (27%) experienced a total of 16 thrombotic events, including 8 (57%) deep venous thrombosis, 6 (43%) pulmonary embolism, and 2 (14.3%) arterial thrombosis. The hypercoagulable state was not significantly associated with thrombotic events. In summary, we observed a lower rate of hypercoagulable state on thromboelastography study in critically ill COVID-19 patients. Also, the hypercoagulable state was not associated with the occurrence of thrombotic events.
The Impact of COVID-19 on the Management of Heart Failure -A United Kingdom Patient Questionnaire Study	Sankaranarayanan,  Rajiv,  Hartshorne-Evans, et al	medRxiv	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	A questionnaire survey was conducted amongst adult heart failure (HF) patients in the United Kingdom (UK), to understand the impact of COVID-19 upon HF services. 1050 responses were collected (66% women); 55% were aged over 60 years. Anxiety level was significantly higher regarding COVID19 compared to anxiety regarding HF and COVID-19. 65% respondents reported disruption to HF appointments (cancellation or postponement) during the lockdown period. 37% reported disruption to medication prescription services and 34% reported inability to access their HF teams promptly. 32% expressed reluctance to attend hospital (25% stated they would only attend hospital if there was no alternative and 7% stated that they would not attend hospital at all).
The role of clinical medical students in the scarce of healthcare workers during covid-19 pandemic	Sari,  IP,  Helmi, et al	International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	Investigated perception and potential contributions of clinical medical students in coping with the CO From the data, we found that the clinical medical students have a fairly to very good level of knowledge about symptoms, prevention, and PPE. The clinical medical students have relatively strong interest to help the medical workers provide health services during the pandemic if proper PPE is available.ID-19 pandemic under limited human resources.
Knowledge, attitude and perception of COVID infections among elders with respiratory diseases	Sarojini,  K,  Somasundaram, et al	International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	Determined the perception, attitude, and knowledge of COVID-19 infections among elders with respiratory diseases. Results showed that the majority of people were aware of coronavirus and its symptoms and mode of transmission. Majority (57.71%) have reported that the COVID-19 affected their regular hospital visits and treatments. Many of our participants are not feeling safe to go to the hospital during the current global threat. Preference over e-consulting was started by a few of our study population.
32971122; Deciphering the SSR incidences across viral members of Coronaviridae family	Satyam,  R,  Jha, et al	Chemico-biological interactions	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	Presence of Simple Sequence Repeats (SSRs), both in genic and intergenic regions, have been widely studied in eukaryotes, prokaryotes, and viruses. In the current study, we undertook a survey to analyze the frequency and distribution of microsatellites or SSRs in multiple genomes of Coronaviridae members. We successfully identified 919 SSRs with length ≥12 bp across 55 reference genomes majority of which (838 SSRs) were found abundant in genic regions. The in-silico analysis further identified the preferential abundance of hexameric SSRs than any other size-based motif class. Our analysis shows that the genome size and GC content of the genome had a weak influence on SSR frequency and density. However, we find a positive correlation of SSRs GC content with genomic GC content. We also report relatively low abundances of all theoretically possible 501 repeat motif classes in all the genomes of Coronaviridae. The majority of SSRs were AT-rich. Overall, we see an underrepresentation of SSRs across the genomes of Coronaviridae. Besides, our integrative study highlights the presence of SSRs in ORF1ab (nsp3, nsp4, nsp5A_3CLpro and nsp5B_3CLpro, nsp6, nsp10, nsp12, nsp13, & nsp15 domains), S, ORF3a, ORF7a, N & 3′ UTR regions of SARS-CoV-2 and harbours multiple mutations (3′UTR and ORF1ab SSRs serving as major mutational hotspots). This indicates the genic SSRs are under selection pressure against mutations that might alter the reading frame and at the same time responsible for rapid protein evolution. Our preliminary results indicate the significance of the limited repertoire of SSRs in the genomes of Coronaviridae. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.
Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in human post-mortem ocular tissues	Sawant,  OnkarB,  Singh, et al	medRxiv	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Analyzed the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in human post-mortem ocular tissues. Of 132 ocular tissues from 33 surgical-intended donors, the positivity rate for SARS-CoV-2 RNA was ~13% (17/132). Of 10 COVID-19 donors, six had PCR positive post-mortem nasopharyngeal swabs whereas eight exhibited positive post-mortem anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG levels. Among 20 eyes recovered from 10 COVID-19 donors: three conjunctival, one anterior corneal, five posterior corneal, and three vitreous swabs tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA. SARS-CoV-2 spike and envelope proteins were detected in epithelial layer of the corneas that were procured without Povidone-Iodine (PVP-I) disinfection.
Design Of A Rapid And Reversible Fluorescence Assay To Detect COVID-19 And Other Pathogens	Scarlata,  Suzanne,  Yerramilli, et al	medRxiv	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	We describe a rapid and reusable biophysical method to assay COVID-19. The method uses fluorescent sensors (i.e. molecular beacons) designed to detect COVID-19 RNA or any RNA of interest, concurrent with an internal control without the need for amplification. The COVID-19 beacon is completely quenched in its native form and undergoes a 50-fold increase in fluorescence when exposed to nanomolar amounts of synthetic viral oligonucleotide. No changes in intensity are seen when control RNA is added. A control beacon to a human GAPDH RNA, chosen for its high levels in saliva, behaved similar to the COVID-19 beacon. This increase in fluorescence with beacon opening can be completely reversed upon addition of single stranded DNA complementary to COVID-19 beacon loop region. Beacons can be attached to an insert matrix allowing their use in concentrated form and can be made from morphilino oligonucleotides that are resistant to RNases. We present an analysis of the parameters that will allow the development of test strips to detect virus in aerosol, body fluids and community waste.
Dreaming and the COVID-19 pandemic: A survey in a U.S. Sample	Schredl,  M,  Bulkeley, et al	Dreaming	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study analyzes the responses of 3,031 U.S. adults who, in early May of 2020, completed an online survey regarding their dreams and the COVID-19 outbreak. The results indicate that those people most strongly affected by the pandemic also reported the strongest effects on their dream life (heightened dream recall, more negatively toned dreams, and pandemic-related dreams). Pronounced negative effects of the pandemic on dreaming were also found to be more likely among women and people with higher levels of education. These findings support the notion that changes in the frequency, tone, and contents of dreaming can help identify specific people who may be most at risk for mental health problems during the COVID-19 outbreak. © 2020 American Psychological Association.
Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in vaginal swabs of women with acute SARS-CoV-2 infection: a prospective study	Schwartz,  A,  Yogev, et al	Bjog	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Determined whether SARS-CoV-2 is present in the vaginal secretions of both reproductive-aged and postmenopausal women during acute SARS-CoV-2 infection. Vaginal and nasopharyngeal swabs were obtained from 35 women, aged 21-93 years. Twenty-one patients (60%) were in their reproductive years, of them, 5 patients were in their third trimester of pregnancy. Most of the participants (57%) were healthy without any underlying medical conditions. Of the 35 patients sampled, 2 (5.7%) had a positive vaginal RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2, one was pre-menopausal and the other was a post-menopausal woman. Both women had mild disease.
Knowledge of wearing normal mask and respiratory mask during COVID-19	Selvapriya,  S,  Gayatri Devi, et al	International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	Investigated the knowledge of wearing a respirator mask and normal mask to limit the spread of the new coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). A total of 100 participants were included in the study, around 85.3% of participants knew about the correct method of wearing the mask . 49% of participants knew about surgical mask protection from Covid-19. 88.2% of participants knew that the N95 respiratory mask is protected from Covid-19.
Makeshift negative pressure patient rooms in response to COVID-19	Shadpour,  F,  Johnson, et al	ASHRAE Journal	Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI)	Everyone knows that installing new HVAC systems and equipment within an existing hospital requires extensive research, design, regulatory permits and, most importantly, time. But when you must create a large number of negative pressure hospital patient rooms in response to a pandemic, you don't have much time. Instead, you can create these rooms using appliances such as portable high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) exhaust fan units, with guidance from relevant codes and standards and by following hospital licensing requirements. © 2020 Amer. Soc. Heating, Ref. Air-Conditoning Eng. Inc.. All rights reserved.
Convalescent plasma to aid in recovery of COVID-19 pneumonia in a child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia	Shankar,  R,  Radhakrishnan, et al	Transfusion and Apheresis Science	Clinical data| Données cliniques	The natural history of COVID-19 infection in children is still evolving as the pandemic unfolds. Few cases of severe and often fatal COVID-19 have been reported although the infection is mild in the large majority. Children with cancers are recognised as a high risk group for all infections. Since there aren't any definite treatment guidelines established in children with severe COVID, treatment is guided by adult recommendations which too are often not evidence based. We report the case of a 4-year-old girl with severe COVID-19 associated pneumonia who presented to us as febrile neutropenia. The use of convalescent plasma along with steroids and IVIG showed dramatic results in this child and she recovered without the need for any specific treatment. This is highlighted as one of the earliest cases that is reporting the use of convalescent plasma in a child; the first ever in a child with underlying malignancy. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd
PMC7513696; Creating and applying SIR modified compartmental model for calculation of COVID-19 lockdown efficiency	Sharov,  KS	Chaos Solitons Fractals	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	We propose a Susceptible-Infected-Recovered (SIR) modified model for Coronavirus disease - 2019 (COVID-19) spread to estimate the efficacy of lockdown measures introduced during the pandemic. As input data, we used COVID-19 epidemiological information collected in fifteen European countries either in private surveys or using official statistics. Thirteen countries implemented lockdown measures, two countries (Sweden, Iceland) not. As output parameters, we studied herd immunity level and time of formation. Comparison of these parameters was used as an indicator of effectiveness / ineffectiveness of lockdown measures. In the absence of a medical vaccine, herd immunity may be regarded as a factor of population adaptation to severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus-2, the viral pathogen causing COVID-19 disease (SARS-CoV-2), and hence COVID-19 spreading stop. We demonstrated that there is no significant difference between lockdown and no-lockdown modes of COVID-19 containment, in terms of both herd immunity level and the time of achieving its maximum. The rationale for personal and business lockdowns may be found in the avoidance of healthcare system overburdening. However, lockdowns do not prevent any virus with droplet transmission (including SARS-CoV-2) from spreading. Therefore, in case of a future viral pathogen emergence, lockdown measures efficiency should not be overestimated, as it was done almost universally in the world during COVID-19 pandemic.
Updating Herd Immunity Models for the U.S. in 2020: Implications for the COVID-19 Response	Sheils,  Natalie Elizabeth,  Lyng, et al	medRxiv	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	To understand what levels of herd immunity are required in the COVID-19 pandemic, given spatial population heterogeneity, to best inform policy and action. Necessary levels of herd immunity vary greatly from county to county. A population weighted average for the United States is 47.5% compared to a classically estimated level of 77.1%.
Maintaining access to maternal fetal medicine care by telemedicine during a global pandemic	Shields,  AD,  Wagner, et al	Journal of telemedicine and telecare	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	Compare a conventional medical treatment model with a telehealth platform for Maternal Fetal Medicine (MFM) outpatient care during the global novel coronavirus pandemic. We suffered three symptomatic COVID-19 infections among our clinical providers and staff prior to the conversion, compared with none after the conversion. We had a significant decrease in patient visits following the conversion (53.35 visits per day versus 40.3 visits per day). However, our average daily patient visits per full-time equivalent (FTE) were only marginally reduced (11.1 visit per FTE versus 7.6 visits per FTE), resulting in a relative decrease in adjusted work relative value units (6987 versus 5440). There was an increase in more basic follow-up ultrasound procedures over comprehensive follow-up ultrasound procedures after conversion. Despite similar proportions of new consults, there was an increase in the proportion of follow-up visits and medical decision-making complexity evaluation and management CPT codes after the conversion. There were no differences between amniocentesis procedures performed between the two time periods.
COVID-19 pneumonia complicated by bilateral pneumothorax: A case report	Shirai,  T,  Mitsumura, et al	Respiratory Medicine Case Reports	Clinical data| Données cliniques	A 50-year-old man presented with a 9-day history of fever, cough, and dyspnoea. He was diagnosed with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia and was admitted to the Medical Hospital, Tokyo Medical and Dental University. Chest CT showed diffuse patchy ground-glass opacities (GGOs). His state of oxygenation deteriorated, and mechanical ventilation was initiated on day 4 after admission (12th day from onset). He improved gradually and was weaned from ventilation on day 15. Sudden onset of bilateral pneumothorax occurred on day 21 with severe respiratory failure, and chest CT revealed pneumatocele formation on both lower lobes.
Correlation between Air and Urban Travelling with New Confirmed Cases of COVID-19 A Case Study	Shirvani,  Soheil,  Ghandehari, et al	arXiv	Transmission	COVID-19 which has spread in Iran from February 19, 2020, has infected 202,584 people and killed 9,507 people until June 20, 2020. The immediate suggested solution to prevent the spread of this virus was to avoid traveling around. In this study, the correlation between traveling between cities with new confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Iran is demonstrated. The data, used in the study, consisted of the daily inter-state traffic, air traffic data, and daily new COVID-19 confirmed cases. The data is used to train a regression model and voting was used to show the highest correlation between travels made between cities and new cases of COVID-19. Although the available data was very coarse and there was no detail of inner-city commute, an accuracy of 81% was achieved showing a positive correlation between the number of inter-state travels and the new cases of COVID-19. Consequently, the result suggests that one of the best ways to avoid the spread of the virus is limiting or eliminating traveling around.
Awareness of COVID-19 among aged population	Shivapriyaraje,  A,  Premavathy, et al	International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	COVID19 is a worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. The clinical symptoms include fever, cold, fatigue, the elderly people are susceptible to infection and prone to serious outcomes which lead to respiratory diseases and cytokine storms. The outbreak adds to evidence of COVID19 is steadily spreading from one person to the other.The older people are at a significantly increased risk of this pandemic disease. Some of the reasons older people are greatly impacted is due to ageing, decreased immune function and more susceptible to infections.The present was conducted questionnaire based online survey among a group of old aged people of 65-80 years from the South Indian population. The results were analyzed and represented as pie charts. The present study has observed the responses of various questions raised in the questionnaire on this topic.From the current study, it was concluded that the awareness and measures are being taken by aged people towards COVID 19 pandemic disease. © 2020, Advanced Scientific Research. All rights reserved.
Access to primary healthcare during lockdown measures for COVID-19 in rural South Africa: an interrupted time series analysis	Siedner,  MJ,  Kraemer, et al	BMJ Open	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	Evaluated whether implementation of lockdown orders in South Africa affected ambulatory clinic visitation in rural Kwa-Zulu Natal (KZN). We found no change in total clinic visits/clinic/day at the time of implementation of the level 5 lockdown (change from 90.3 to 84.6 mean visits/clinic/day), or at the transitions to less stringent level 4 and 3 lockdown levels. We did detect a >50% reduction in child healthcare visits at the start of the level 5 lockdown from 11.9 to 4.7 visits/day (-7.1 visits/clinic/day), both for children aged <1 year and 1-5 years, with a gradual return to prelockdown within 3 months after the first lockdown measure. In contrast, we found no drop in clinic visitation in adults at the start of the level 5 lockdown, or related to HIV care (from 37.5 to 45.6, 8.0 visits/clinic/day).
The impact of COVID-19 on mental health: The role of locus on control and internet use	Sigurvinsdottir,  R,  Thorisdottir, et al	International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	Examined whether exposure to COVID-19 would relate to greater symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress, and to examine the role of internet use and locus of control. Results show elevated psychological symptoms among those who have become infected with COVID-19 or perceive themselves to be at high risk if infected. Experience using the Internet relates to fewer symptoms, but information seeking is associated with more symptoms. Internet social capital relates to fewer symptoms of depression. Having an external locus of control relates to greater symptoms.
32965378; Social distancing measures in the fight against COVID-19 in Brazil: description and epidemiological analysis by state	Silva,  LLSD,  Lima, et al	Cadernos de saude publica	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	Article in Portuguese. Describe the social distancing measures implemented by Brazil's states and the Federal District, including the types of measures and the timing of their implementation. Economic lockdown was implemented early, prior to the 10th case by 67% of the states and prior to the 1st death from COVID-19 by 89% of the states. Early social distancing measures were widely implemented in Brazil, before or in the initial phase of the exponential growth curve of COVID-19 cases and deaths in the great majority of states.
Multiple cranial nerve palsies in malignant external otitis: A rare presentation of a rare condition	Silveira,  RQ,  Carvalho, et al	IDCases	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Malignant external otitis (MEO) is a rare inflammatory and infectious condition, typically caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, that mainly affects diabetic or immunocompromised elderly patients and is associated with severe morbidity and mortality. It begins in the external auditory canal and rapidly progresses through the skull base, leading to osteomyelitis and may result in cranial neuropathy, especially of the facial nerve. Here we describe a rare neurological presentation of MEO in a 65-year old diabetic man, who presented with an 8-month progressing left otitis externa and evolved with ipsilateral proptosis, ophthalmoplegia, blindness, facial palsy, hearing loss and contralateral evolvement of the temporal bone with hearing impairment. He was initially treated with oral ciprofloxacin and after one week was transferred to our tertiary hospital, where antibiotic therapy was switched to meropenem and vancomycin due to the severity of the case and to the hospital's microbiological profile. The patient underwent left canal wall-up mastoidectomy with insertion of ear ventilation tube bilaterally, with good recovery of right ear hearing capacity, but with no improvements of neurological deficits nor left hearing function. All microbiological tests performed were negative, and this was interpreted as a possible consequence of the early use of antibiotics. Unfortunately, the patient was infected by Sars-CoV-2 during hospitalization and passed away after ten days of COVID-19 intensive care unit internment. © 2020 The Author(s)
Contact tracing management of the COVID-19 pandemic	Şimşek,  AC,  Kara, et al	Turk Hijyen ve Deneysel Biyoloji Dergisi	Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	Analyzes the data and consequences regarding COVID-19, making use of worldwide experiences and national statistics. Aimed to evaluate "contact tracing management" (detection, referral and follow-up) studies for positive cases with COVID-19 test results and their contacts in Ankara. In Ankara, the number of contacts per case is 4.07 and the number of contact tracing per case is 4.05. With a total of 398 "Field Contact Tracing Teams" consisting of 1 doctor and 2 health care personnel throughout the city, the average of 50 ± standard deviations reached 99.4% within hours.
Public health interventions slowed but did not halt the spread of COVID-19 in India	Singh,  BB,  Lowerison, et al	Transbound Emerg Dis	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	The government of India implemented social distancing interventions to contain the COVID-19 epidemic. However, effects of these interventions on epidemic dynamics are yet to be understood. Rates of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 infections per day and effective reproduction number (R(t) ) were estimated for 7 periods (Pre-lockdown, Lockdown Phases 1 to 4 and Unlock 1-2) according to nationally implemented interventions with phased relaxation. The Indian government imposed strict contact mitigation, followed by a phased relaxation, which slowed the spread of COVID-19 epidemic progression in India.
32868736; Skin and Mucosal Damage in Patients Diagnosed With COVID-19: A Case Report	Singh,  C,  Tay, et al	Journal of wound, ostomy, and continence nursing : official publication of The Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nurses Society	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) are at a high risk for developing pressure injuries. A patient requiring multiorgan support is at a higher risk for pressure injuries related to immobility, sedation, vasopressors, and hypoxia. To mitigate pressure injuries, our hospital utilizes a bundle approach to prevent skin injury. However, despite efforts to prevent pressure injuries, we found our patients in the ICU with the diagnosis of COVID-19 went on to develop significant pressure and mucosal injuries. This is a case report of 4 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 who developed significant skin and mucosal injuries during their ICU admissions in the month of March 2020. We found that patients developed skin conditions that were initially thought to be deep-tissue injuries (DTIs) early in the admission. The DTIs progressed over the course of the admission in the ICU and evolved to thick adherent eschar that appeared to be unstageable pressure injuries, which extended beyond the soft tissue directly over the bony prominence. We also found that skin damage to the mucosa of the nares, tongue, lips, and urethra presented first as inflammation and then progressed to thick eschar. Despite maximum pressure relief with the use of a pressure-relieving turn and position system, bordered foam dressings, fluidized positioners, specialty beds, and leadership support for twice-a-week skin checks, our patients diagnosed with COVID-19 developed extensive skin damage across the fleshy portion of the buttocks and on the mucosa of the nares, tongue, lips, and urethra during minimal exposure to pressure. Although the initial presentation of the skin damage appeared to be related to pressure, the extent of the skin damage suggests a vascular inflammatory process beyond skin damage related to pressure.
32965669; Use of Immunotherapy in Patients With Cancer During the COVID-19 Pandemic	Soares,  A,  Schutz, et al	Oncology (Williston Park, N.Y.)	Clinical data| Données cliniques	In an asymptomatic 77-yearold woman, former 55 packyears smoker, a routine X-ray showed a 45-mm superior left lobe lesion. A chest CT scan confirmed a 36-mm superior left lobe lesion and an aortic-pulmonary lymph node enlargement measuring 42 mm, suspicious for neoplasia. A PET-CT scan showed an elevated uptake in the primary lesion, in the aortic-pulmonary lymph node, and in the left hilar lymph node with a standardized uptake value - 40 and 4.3, respectively. CT-guided lung biopsy showed a lung squamous cell carcinoma. An endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration for lymph-node staging was negative for lymph node spread. Brain MRI was negative. Final staging was determined to be a IIIA (T2bN2) squamous cell carcinoma of the lung.
Non-convulsive status epilepticus: COVID-19 or clozapine induced?	Sokolov,  E,  Hadavi, et al	BMJ Case Rep	Clinical data| Données cliniques	We present a case of non-convulsive status epilepticus in a 57-year-old woman with a schizoaffective disorder, without an antecedent seizure history, with two possible aetiologies including SARS-CoV-2 infection and clozapine uptitration.
The changes of exercise pattern and clinical symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease in the era of COVID-19 pandemic	Song,  J,  Ahn, et al	Parkinsonism and Related Disorders	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	In this study, we investigated the change in physical activity and subsequently clinical symptoms of PD during the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 100 subjects were recruited. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the amount, duration and frequency of exercise were reduced. There was decrease in number of patients who do indoor-solo exercise and increase in that of patients who do not exercise. One third reported subjective worsening of both motor and non-motor features, although Unified PD Rating Scale (UPDRS) part 3 score was similar. Additionally, the reduced exercise group reported more motor and non-motor aggravation than the sustained exercise group, despite lack of significant difference in the UPDRS part 3 score.
32896863; Insights from an interprofessional post-COVID-19 rehabilitation unit: A speech and language therapy and respiratory medicine perspective	Stierli,  S,  Buss, et al	Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine	Clinical data| Données cliniques Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	OBJECTIVE: We present a case report that complements the conclusion of Stam et al. in their call to rehabilitation facilities to anticipate and prepare to address post intensive care syndrome in post-Covid-19 patients. METHODS: The case report presented here provides insight into treating mechanically ventilated post-Covid-19 patients. RESULTS: Early intervention with dysphagia therapy and speech therapy and ventilator-compatible speak-ing valves, provided within an interprofessional collaborative team, can mitigate the potentially negative consequences of prolonged intubation, long-term use of cuffed tracheostomy, and post intensive care syndrome resulting from Covid-19. CONCLUSION: Such a treatment approach can be used to address what is important to patients: to be able to speak with family and friends, eat what they want, and breathe spontaneously.
The relative effects of non-pharmaceutical interventions on early Covid-19 mortality: natural experiment in 130 countries	Stokes,  Jonathan,  Turner, et al	medRxiv	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	This study explores associations between nine non-pharmaceutical interventions implemented in 130 countries (3250 observations) with daily deaths per million. After adjusting for multiple concurrent interventions and confounders, and accounting for both timing and strictness of interventions, earlier and stricter school and workplace closures were associated with lower Covid-19 mortality rates. Only controlling for strictness international travel controls, and only controlling for timing later restrictions on gatherings, were also associated with lower Covid-19 mortality. Other interventions, such as stay-at-home orders or restrictions on public transport, were not significantly associated with differences in mortality rates across countries.
Clinical characteristics of 30 COVID-19 patients with epilepsy: a retrospective study in Wuhan	Sun,  M,  Ruan, et al	Int J Infect Dis	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	This study presents clinical characteristics of 30 hospitalized cases with epileptic seizure and coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) with laboratory-confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 who hospitalized in Wuhan Central Hospital, China, from 1 January to 31 April, 2020. The clinical characteristics, complications, treatments, and clinical outcomes were collected. COVID-19 Patients with recurrent epileptic seizure had more underlying neurological diseases than patients who had epilepsy history but without seizure. Patients with new-onset and recurrent epileptic seizure suffered more sever/critical COVID-19, which may lead to a worse prognosis. If patients with epilepsy history continue using AEDs during COVID-19 pandemics, the risk of recurrent seizure may reduce, and a good prognosis for patients with epilepsy history could be expected.
Community venue exposure risk estimator for the COVID-19 pandemic	Sun,  Z,  Di, et al	Health and Place	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	To increase public awareness of exposure risks in daily activities, we propose a birthday-paradox-based probability model to implement in a web-based system, named COSRE (community social risk estimator) and make in-time community exposure risk estimation during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. We define exposure risk to mean the probability of people meeting potential cases in public places such as grocery stores, gyms, libraries, restaurants, coffee shops, offices, etc. Our model has three inputs: the real-time number of active and asymptomatic cases, the population in local communities, and the customer counts in the room. The score successfully shows early sign of outbreaks in COVID hot spots like Navajo Nation, New York, Georgia and Louisiana.  Spatial correlation analysis shows the proposed score has significant positive relationship with new cases in next two weeks.
Public opinion on lockdown (PSBB) policy in overcoming covid-19 pandemic in indonesia: Analysis based on big data twitter	Suratnoaji,  C,  Nurhadi, et al	Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The main purpose of this study is to understand public opinion on the lockdown policy in overcoming the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. The things observed included: volume of Twitter users, top influencers, top tweets, and communication networks between Twitter users.  The research results show that posts about the lockdown on Twitter continued to increase after the implementation of the lockdown policy on April 10, 2020. The  word analysis showing 14.8% positive sentiment, 17.5% negative, and 67.67% non-categorized words. Sources of information who have played the roles of top influencers regarding the lockdown policy include: Jokowi (the president of the Republic of Indonesia), online media, television media, government departments, and governors. Based on the analysis of the network structure, it shows that Jokowi has a central role in controlling the lockdown policy.
Knowledge and awareness of the general public about impact of COVID-19 on the global economy-a survey	Sutharshan,  GS,  Gayatri Devi, et al	International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique Economics | Économie	The main aim of the study is to study the knowledge and awareness of the general public about the impact of COVID-19 on the global economy. An online survey was conducted with a self-structured questionnaire comprising 15 questions that were distributed through the google forms among 100 subjects. The data were collected and the results were statistically analyzed. 65% of the participants were aware of COVID-19 and the economic impact caused due to this pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic is spreading all over the world and the number of cases is increasing rapidly. Analyzing all the challenges, it was understood that participants were aware of the impact of COVID-19 on the global economy.
Effectiveness of personal protective equipment in preventing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection among healthcare workers	Suzuki,  T,  Hayakawa, et al	Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI) Immunology | Immunologie	We conducted a prospective cohort study on 49 HCWs who worked in close contact with patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. HCWs had blood samples taken every 2 weeks to test for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies using two different types of assay. Results: Forty-nine participants (31 nurses, 15 doctors, 3 other workers) were enrolled. In total, 112 blood samples are obtained from participants. The median work days in 2 weeks was 9  days. In a single work day, 30 of the 49 participants  had contact with patients with suspected or conformed SARS-CoV-2 at least 8 times, and approximately 60% of participants had more than 10 min of contact with a single patient. The median self-reported compliance to PPE was 90% . Seven participants tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 antibody using ELISA; however, none were seropositive for SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody, so the positive ELISA results were assumed to be false-positive.
Assessing the Early Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Spine Surgery Fellowship Education	Swiatek,  PR,  Weiner, et al	Clin Spine Surg	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	The objective of this study is to report the impact of COVID-19 on spine surgery fellow education and readiness for practice.  A multidimensional survey was created and distributed to all current AO Spine fellows and fellowship directors across the United States and Canada. Results reveal a decrease in overall case volume since cancellation of elective surgeries, and a reduction in mean hours worked per week. In all, 95.5% of fellows did not expect COVID-19 to impact their ability to complete fellowship. Only 2 directors were concerned about their fellows successfully completing fellowship; however, 32% of directors reported hearing concerns regarding preparedness from their fellows and 25% of fellows were concerned about job opportunities.
Raising the Digital Profile of Facial Palsy: National Surveys of Patients' and Clinicians' Experiences of Changing UK Treatment Pathways and Views on the Future Role of Digital Technology	Szczepura,  A,  Holliday, et al	J Med Internet Res	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This study aims to gather information about facial palsy treatment pathways in the UK, barriers to accessing neuromuscular retraining (NMR), factors influencing patient adherence, measures used to monitor recovery, and the potential value of emerging wearable digital technology. Separate surveys of patients with facial palsy and facial therapy specialists were conducted. A total of 216 patients with facial palsy and 25 specialist therapists completed the national surveys. Among the findings, there was evidence of more rapid initial prescribing of corticosteroids and earlier referral for NMR therapy for patients diagnosed more recently. Barriers to NMR referral included difficulties accessing funding, shortage of specialist therapists, and limited awareness of NMR among general practitioners. The thematic content analysis demonstrates positive attitudes to the introduction of digital technology, with similar incentives and barriers identified by both patients and clinicians.
Predictive value of CT in the short-term mortality of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia in nonelderly patients: A case-control study	Tabatabaei,  SMH,  Rahimi, et al	European Journal of Radiology	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	We aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of multiple CT features of COVID-19 pneumonia on initial presentation in nonelderly patients without underlying medical conditions.  Thirty laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients with no known major underlying disease who underwent a chest CT scan and expired of pneumonia within the following 30 days after admission, were included as case group. Sixty control subjects individually matched on their age, gender, without underlying medical conditions, who received same-criteria standard care and were discharged from the hospital in 30-day follow-up were included in the control group. The CT severity score is the only statistically significant CT predictor of mortality.
An in-silico evaluation of COVID-19 main protease with clinically approved drugs	Tachoua,  W,  Kabrine, et al	Journal of Molecular Graphics and Modelling	Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	In order to identify a novel potent inhibitor, we performed blind docking studies on the main virus protease Mpro with eight approved drugs belonging to four pharmacological classes such as: anti-malarial, anti-bacterial, anti-infective and anti-histamine. Among the eight studied compounds, Lymecycline and Mizolastine appear as potential inhibitors of this protease. When docked against Mpro crystal structure, these two compounds revealed a minimum binding energy of −8.87 and −8.71 kcal/mol with 168 and 256 binding modes detected in the binding substrate pocket, respectively. Further, to study the interaction mechanism and conformational dynamics of protein-ligand complexes, Molecular dynamic simulation and MM/PBSA binding free calculations were performed. Our results showed that both Lymecycline and Mizolastine bind in the active site. And exhibited good binding affinities towards target protein. Moreover, the ADMET analysis also indicated drug-likeness properties. Thus it is suggested that the identified compounds can inhibit Chymotrypsin-like protease (3CLpro) of SARS-CoV-2.
Facing the real time challenges of the COVID-19 emergency for child neuropsychology service in Milan	Taddei,  M,  Bulgheroni, et al	Research in developmental disabilities	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	We present the adaptation of our Child Neurology and Developmental Neuropsychology Service at the Developmental Neurology Unit (Italy), which is responsible for cognitive and behavioral assessment of children with neurodevelopmental disorders and neurological diseases, on an inpatient/outpatient basis, to the epidemic outbreak. In particular, we describe the introduction of telehealth in clinical practice and provide qualitative and quantitative data regarding the feasibility of the telemedicine protocol and the level of satisfaction experienced by families. Highlights: Non-COVID patients’ hospitalization was limited to urgent cases. Child psychologists switched the out-patients visits to telemedicine sessions. Families responded positively and with gratitude to the propose of video-sessions. The emergency response should be inclusive with respect to children with disabilities.
32910458; Apoptosis and immunophenotyping of peripheral blood lymphocytes in Iranian COVID-19 patients: Clinical and laboratory characteristics	Taghiloo,  S,  Aliyali, et al	Journal of medical virology	Clinical data| Données cliniques	n this study, we have reported the clinical features, laboratory characteristics, the frequency of peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulations, and their apoptosis pattern in Iranian coronavirus infectious disease (COVID-19) patients. Demographic and clinical data of 61 hospitalized confirmed cases with COVID-19 at Imam Khomeini Hospital were collected and analyzed. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from all samples and the apoptosis pattern was evaluated using Annexin V/propidium iodide method. The frequency of lymphocyte subsets, including T-CD4+, T-CD8+, NK, B cells, and monocytes, was measured in all patients and 31 controls by flow cytometry. Our findings demonstrated that the percentage of lymphocytes, CD4+, and CD8+ T cells were decreased in COVID-19 patients compared with the control group. Regarding the clinical severity, the number of lymphocytes, CD4+, CD8+ T cells, and NK cells were also decreased in severe cases when compared with mild cases. Finally, our data have also indicated the increase in apoptosis of mononuclear cells from COVID-19 patients which was more remarkable in severe clinical cases.
Clinical deterioration during neutropenia recovery after G-CSF therapy in patient with COVID-19	Taha,  M,  Sharma, et al	Respiratory Medicine Case Reports	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Background: Granulocyte colony stimulating factors (G-CSFs) induce neutrophils proliferation and cytokines production. It has often been used to treat neutropenia without solid evidence of efficacy. It has been demonstrated that respiratory distress is associated with neutropenia recovery but not with G-CSFs. In general, G-CSFs are known to be safe and well tolerated in most clinical settings. However, the safety of G-CSFs in an overwhelming inflammatory disease like coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is largely unknown. Case summary: We report a case with COVID-19 and neutropenia who rapidly deteriorated after administration of G-CSF. Conclusion: We observed a faster neutropenia recovery than previously known after administration of G-CSF in our case and in three similar cases previously reported in literature. This rapid neutropenia recovery and the robust inflammatory response in COVID-19 raise concerns about G-CSF safety in patients with COVID-19. © 2020 The Author(s)
Mental health and the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic—Polish research study	Talarowska,  M,  Chodkiewicz, et al	International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The aim of this study was to assess the mental state of Poles in the first weeks of the SARS-COV-2 epidemic. Every fourth person in the examined group (over 26% of the respondents) recorded results that indicate a high probability of mental functioning disorders. Approximately 10% of the respondents signalled the occurrence of suicidal thoughts since the beginning of the pandemic. The risk factors for the deterioration of the mental state of the respondents during the pandemic include psychiatric treatment before the beginning of the pandemic, the presence of suicidal thoughts during forced isolation, and the use of non-adaptive coping strategies (denial of the existence of problems, emotional discharge, use of psychoactive substances, discontinuation of action, and blaming oneself for the situation).
Different Trajectories of Panic and the Associated Factors among Unmarried Chinese during the COVID-19 Pandemic	Tan,  Y,  Lin, et al	Appl Psychol Health Well Being	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The current study explored the trajectory of panic and its associated factors to develop promising strategies for controlling the global spread of COVID-19 and improving the mental health emergency management. A total of 812 unmarried adults (aged from 18 to 42 years, M = 23.3, SD = 3.45) from all over China participated online in our investigation. Three classes of trajectories for panic were identified: the "continuous decline group (CDG)", the "continuous low group (CLG)," and the "continuous high group (CHG)". With reference to the CDG, people in the CHG were more sensitive to social factors. With reference to the CDG, people in the CLG were more likely to possess some of the following traits: being men, in Hubei Province (center of the pandemic), with a lower income, and less sensitive towards social factors and individual factors. With reference to the CLG, people in the CHG were more likely to be women, located outside of Hubei Province, and more sensitive to social factors, family factors, and individual factors.
Durability of neutralizing antibodies and T-cell response post SARS-CoV-2 infection	Tan,  Y,  Liu, et al	Front Med	Clinical data| Données cliniques Immunology | Immunologie	Here we examined, using ELISA, the IgG antibodies in serum specimens collected from 17 COVID-19 patients at 6-7 months after diagnosis and the results were compared to those from cases investigated 2 weeks to 2 months post-infection. All samples were positive for IgGs against the S- and N-proteins of SARS-CoV-2. Notably, 14 samples available at 6-7 months post-infection all showed significant neutralizing activities in a pseudovirus assay, with no difference in blocking the cell-entry of the 614D and 614G variants of SARS-CoV-2. Furthermore, in 10 blood samples from cases at 6-7 months post-infection used for memory T-cell tests, we found that interferon γ-producing CD4(+) and CD8(+) cells were increased upon SARS-CoV-2 antigen stimulation. Together, these results indicate that durable anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunity is common in convalescent population, and vaccines developed from 614D variant may offer protection from the currently predominant 614D variant of SARS-CoV-2.
Proteolytic activation of the SARS-CoV-2 spike S1/S2 site: a re-evaluation of furin cleavage	Tang,  Tiffany,  Jaimes, et al	bioRxiv	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	Here, we analyze the presence of a furin S1/S2 site in related CoVs and offer thoughts on the implications of the unique insert the origin of SARS-CoV-2. We also utilized viral pseudoparticles to study the impact of the S1/S2 cleavage on infectivity. Our results demonstrate that S1/S2 pre-cleavage is essential for plasma membrane entry into Calu-3 cells, a model lung epithelial cell line, but not for endosomal entry Vero E6 cells, a model cell culture line, and that other proteases in addition to furin are responsible for processing SARS-CoV-2 S1/S2.
A national study of self-reported COVID symptoms during the first viral wave in Canada	Tang,  Xuyang,  Gelband, et al	medRxiv	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	This Canadian study aimed to track the early course of the pandemic by examining self-reported COVID symptoms over time before testing became widely available. Design: Adults from the nationally representative Angus Reid Forum were randomly invited to complete an online survey in May/June 2020. The study is a part of the Action to Beat Coronavirus antibody testing study.  Over 14 000 adults participated. Main Outcomes and Measure: COVID symptom-positive, defined as fever (or fever with hallucinations) plus at least one of difficulty breathing, a dry severe cough, loss of smell or COVID toe.  5.6% were COVID symptom-positive; highest rates were at ages 18-44 years (8.3%), declining at older ages. Females had higher odds of reporting COVID symptoms (OR = 1.32) as did visible minorities (OR = 1.74). COVID symptom positivity for respondents and their household members peaked in March (OR = 1.93) compared to earlier months.
Impacts of Modifiable Factors on Ambient Air Pollution: A Case Study of COVID-19 Shutdowns	Tanzer-Gruener,  R,  Li, et al	Environmental Science and Technology Letters	Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	COVID-19-related closures offered a novel opportunity to observe and quantify the impact of activity levels of modifiable factors on ambient air pollution in real time. We use data from a network of low-cost Real-time Affordable Multi-Pollutant (RAMP) sensor packages deployed throughout Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, along with data from Environmental Protection Agency regulatory monitors. The RAMP locations were divided into four site groups based on land use. Concentrations of PM2.5, CO, and NO2 following the COVID-related closures at each site group were compared to measurements from "business-as-usual"periods. Overall, PM2.5 concentrations decreased across the domain by ?3 μg/m3. The morning rush-hour-induced CO and NO2 concentrations at the high-traffic sites were both reduced by ?50%, which is consistent with observed reductions in commuter traffic (?50%). The morning rush-hour PM2.5 enhancement from traffic emissions was reduced nearly 100%, from 1.4 to ?0 μg/m3 across all site groups. There was no significant change in the industry-related intraday variability of CO and PM2.5 at the industrial sites following the COVID-related closures. If PM2.5 National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) are tightened, this natural experiment sheds light on the extent to which reductions in traffic-related emissions can aid in meeting more stringent regulations. Copyright © 2020 American Chemical Society.
Metabolic programs define dysfunctional immune responses in severe COVID-19 patients	Thompson,  Elizabeth,  Cascino, et al	medRxiv	Clinical data| Données cliniques Immunology | Immunologie	This study employed a novel assay to interrogate immune-metabolic programs of T cells and myeloid cells in severe and recovered COVID-19 patients, to try to elucidate the reasons why some patients resolve their SARS-CoV-2 infection, while others develop severe disease.  The identification of novel metabolic phenotypes provides insight into the dysfunctional immune response in acutely ill COVID-19 patients, and provides a means to predict and track disease severity as well as an opportunity to design and evaluate novel metabolic therapeutic regimens.
An Epidemiologic Study of COVID-19 Patients in a State Psychiatric Hospital: High Penetrance With Early CDC Guidelines	Thompson,  JW,  J, et al	Psychiatr Serv	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Transmission Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI)	OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore the transmission of COVID-19 in a U.S. state psychiatric hospital setting. METHODS: Symptomatic and asymptomatic patients were tested throughout a large psychiatric hospital to determine penetrance. The hospital followed initial Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) guidelines. RESULTS: Seventy-eight percent (N=51 of 65) of tested patients in the building where the first positive patient was housed (building zero) tested positive for COVID-19. Eighty-eight percent (N=14 of 16) of tested asymptomatic patients in building zero were positive, compared with 12% (N=6 of 51) of randomly selected asymptomatic patients in a sample from the rest of the hospital. CONCLUSIONS: A high percentage of patients can become positive for COVID-19 despite following initial CDC guidelines. As such, use of masks by all patients in close-quarter settings prior to the first positive case appears warranted. Recent CDC guidelines align with this strategy.
A haemagglutination test for rapid detection of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2	Townsend,  Alain,  Rijal, et al	medRxiv	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	We describe a red cell agglutination test for the detection of antibodies to the SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain (RBD). We show that the Haemagglutination Test (HAT) has a sensitivity of 90% and specificity of 99% for detection of antibodies after a PCR diagnosed infection.
Impact of COVID-19 on Economic Well-Being and Quality of Life of the Vietnamese During the National Social Distancing	Tran,  BX,  Nguyen, et al	Frontiers in Psychology	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique Economics | Économie	A cross-sectional study using a web-based approach was conducted in the second week of April 2020 to examine the influence of the national social distancing on the quality of life and economic well-being of Vietnamese citizens under COVID-19 pandemic. The data included socio-economic characteristics, impact of COVID-19 on household income, health status, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Results showed that among 341 participants, 66.9% reported household income loss due to the impact of COVID-19. The domain of Anxiety/Depression had the highest proportion of reporting any problems among 5 dimensions of EQ-5D-5L (38.7%). Being female, having chronic conditions and living in the family with 3–5 members were associated with lower HRQOL scores.
32890723; CT scan does not make a diagnosis of Covid-19: A cautionary case report	Tran,  TA,  Cezar, et al	International Journal of Infectious Diseases	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Here, we report the clinical case of a 12-year-old girl presenting with flu-like symptoms, cough, anosmia, ageusia, breathing difficulties, and patchy ground glass opacities on TDM chest scan who turned out to be Coronavirus 229E-infected. This case draws attention to the risk of false COVID-19 diagnosis when over-relying on CT scan imaging. © 2020 The Authors
SARS-CoV-2: Impact on, Risk Assessment and Countermeasures in German Eye Banks	Trigaux,  C,  Salla, et al	Curr Eye Res	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	To analyze the changes that SARS-CoV-2 has caused regarding the harvesting of corneal donor tissue and eye bank activities in Germany. A questionnaire was provided to 26 eye banks in Germany, consisting of questions about adaptations made in the screening of potential donors and the harvesting of corneal tissue following the pandemic spread of SARS-CoV-2. Eighteen eye banks actively reduced recruitment of donors and two banks ceased all activity. Additional diagnostic screening was performed in eight banks, using conjunctival swabs and/or nasopharyngeal swabs. In six eye banks, additional protective measures, such as FFP2 masks and/or facial shields, were implemented. Overall, a mean reduction in the number of obtained donor tissues of 17% was observed.
Evaluation of Three Commercial SARS-CoV-2 Serologic Assays and their Performance in Two-Test Algorithms	Turbett,  SE,  Anahtar, et al	J Clin Microbiol	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	We evaluated three commercial serologic assays as stand-alone tests and as components of two-test algorithms. Two nucleocapsid (Abbott IgG and Roche total antibody) and one spike-protein (DiaSorin IgG) antibody tests were included. We assessed sensitivity using 128 serum samples from symptomatic PCR-confirmed COVID-19-infected patients, and specificity using 1204 samples submitted for routine serologies prior to COVID-19's emergence, plus 64 pandemic-era samples from SARS-CoV-2 PCR-negative patients with respiratory symptoms. The two nucleocapsid antibody tests were more sensitive than the spike-protein antibody test overall (70% and 70% versus 57%; P≤0.003), with pronounced differences observed using samples collected 7-14 days after symptom onset. All three assays were comparably sensitive (≥89%, P≥0.13) using samples collected >14 days after symptom onset. Specificity was higher using the nucleocapsid antibody tests (99.3% and 99.7%) compared with the spike protein antibody test (97.8%, P≤0.002). When any two assays were paired in a two-test algorithm, specificity was 99.9% (P<0.0001 to 0.25 compared with the individual assays), and positive predictive value (PPV) improved substantially with minimal effect on negative predictive value (NPV).
Evaluation of the potency of FDA-approved drugs on wild type and mutant SARS-CoV-2 helicase (Nsp13)	Ugurel,  OM,  Mutlu, et al	International journal of biological macromolecules	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	In this study, 3458 SARS-CoV-2 genome sequences isolated from all around the world were analyzed. Incidence of C17747T and A17858G mutations were observed to be much higher than others and they were on Nsp13, a vital enzyme of SARS-CoV-2. Effect of these mutations was evaluated on protein-drug interactions using in silico methods. The most potent drugs were found to interact with the key and neighbor residues of the active site responsible from ATP hydrolysis. As result, cangrelor, fludarabine, folic acid and polydatin were determined to be the most potent drugs which have potency to inhibit both the wild type and mutant SARS-CoV-2 helicase. Clinical data supporting these findings would be important towards overcoming COVID-19.
Brief communication: Immunohistochemical detection of ACE2 in human salivary gland	Usami,  Y,  Hirose, et al	Oral Science International	Clinical data| Données cliniques	We analyze ACE2 protein expression and localization in human salivary gland, and propose a possible role of saliva in the pathogenesis of Coronavirus disease 2019. Because the ductal elements of salivary gland express ACE2, and SARS‐CoV‐2 can be found in the saliva of COVID‐19 patients, we want to emphasize the role of saliva as reservoir of SARS‐CoV‐2. In individuals with risk of aspiration (eg aged individuals, individuals with asthma, etc), SARS‐CoV‐2‐positive saliva will easily reach the deep respiratory organs, and lead to a severe respiratory condition and severe viremia. To confirm this hypothesis, large cohort studies and well‐designed animal studies will be necessary.
General public’s attitude toward governments implementing digital contact tracing to curb COVID-19 – a study based on natural language processing	V S,  P,  Ittamalla, et al	International Journal of Pervasive Computing and Communications	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	Using machine learning techniques, this study aims to deal with understanding the general public’s emotions toward contact tracing and determining whether there is a change in the attitude of the general public toward digital contact tracing in various months of crises. This study also analyzes the significant concerns voiced out by the general public regarding digital contact tracing. The percentage of general public viewing the aspect of contact tracing positively had not changed throughout the time period of Data frame (March 2020 to July 2020). However, compared to the initial month of the crises, the later months saw a considerable increase in negative sentiments and a decrease in neutral sentiments regarding the digital contact tracing. The significant issues public voices out in their negative sentiments are a violation of privacy, fear of safety and lack of trust in government
Outcomes in Hispanics with Covid-19 are similar to Caucasian patients in Suburban New York	Valenzuela,  RG,  Michelen, et al	Acad Emerg Med	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 2,039 Hispanic and non-Hispanic Caucasian patients testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 between March 7 to May 23, 2020 at a large suburban academic tertiary-care hospital near New York City. We explored the association of ethnicity with need for intensive care (ICU), invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), and mortality. 1,079 (53%) were non-Hispanic Caucasians and 960 (47%) were Hispanic. Hispanic patients presented in higher numbers than expected for our catchment area. Compared with Caucasians, Hispanics were younger (45 vs 59), had fewer comorbidities (66% with no comorbidities vs 40%), were less likely to have commercial insurance (35% vs 59%), or come from a nursing home (2% vs 10%). In univariate comparisons, Hispanics were less likely to be admitted (37% vs 59%) or to die (3% vs 10%). Age, shortness of breath, congestive heart failure (CHF), coronary artery disease (CAD), hypoxemia, and presentation from nursing homes were associated with admission. Male sex and hypoxemia were associated with ICU admission. Male sex, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and hypoxemia were associated with IMV. Male sex, CHF, CAD, and hypoxemia were associated with mortality. After adjusting for other factors Hispanics were less likely to be admitted (OR 0.62, 95% I 0.52-0.92) but Hispanic ethnicity was not associated with ICU admission, IMV or mortality.
32970639; Determinants of the COVID-19 Pandemic in the West Herzegovina Canton	Vasilj,  I,  Herceg, et al	Psychiatria Danubina	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	A study of COVID-19 infected patients was conducted regarding to organic and psychological characteristics. The findings of the study indicate that in the period of the pandemic in 2020, a total of 78 infection cases were confirmed in West Herzegovina Canton. Of the total number of infected, 55.1% are women and 44.9% are men. Of the infected population, 16.7% were hospitalized. By monitoring the COVID-19 disease in West Herzegovina Canton, we conclude how all manifestations of the disease were represented, from asymptomatic, through mild respiratory to the most severe clinical picture with fatal outcomes. The mortality rate in West Herzegovina Canton is 5.1%. The study showed that a total of 28.2% of COVID-19 positive patients before infecting with virus, were most likely to suffer from hypertension, diabetes and malignancies. Furthermore, it is important to emphasize that a total of 71.9% of those infected are without underlying diseases. Also, the results indicate that people with COVID-19 in addition to the characteristic symptoms of the disease (fever, fatigue, cough, etc.) had certain mental ailments such as decreased general mood, increased anxiety, panic attacks, acute stress disorder and others.
A case series of pediatric croup with COVID-19	Venn,  AMR,  Schmidt, et al	American Journal of Emergency Medicine	Clinical data| Données cliniques	We describe three previously healthy children, admitted to children's hospital, as the first documented cases of croup as a manifestation of SARS-CoV-2 infection. All three cases presented with non-specific upper-respiratory-tract symptoms that developed into a barky cough with associated stridor at rest and respiratory distress. All were diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 by polymerase chain reaction testing from nasopharyngeal samples that were negative for all other pathogens including the most common etiologies for croup. All three received multiple doses of dexamethasone, an atypical treatment occurrence in our hospital, due to each patient's prolonged duration of symptoms. One child required heliox therapy and admission to intensive care. All patients were eventually discharged. Pathogen testing is usually not indicated in croup, but with “COVID-19 croup,” SARS-CoV-2 testing should be considered given the prognostic significance and prolonged quarantine implications.
A survey on knowledge, attitude and perception towards role of hand sanitizers in prevention of COVID-19 among rural population	Vikraman,  KS,  Balaji Ganesh, et al	International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The aim of the study was to access the knowledge and perception on hand sanitizers among rural population. A cross section survey was initiated in the village of Neikkarapatti in namakkal district of Tamilnadu about the knowledge attitude and perception towards the role of hand sanitizers among the rural population. 100 people responded and the data has been collected and plotted in a graph. Data has been collected and with the help of SPSS software data has been analysed. Among the population majority of them are moderately aware about the knowledge attitude and perception towards the role of hand sanitizers. This study emphasizes the role of hand sanitizers in prevention of covid-19 among rural population.
32965009; Imbalance between procoagulant factors and natural coagulation inhibitors contributes to hypercoagulability in the critically ill COVID-19 patient: clinical implications	Voicu,  S,  Delrue, et al	European review for medical and pharmacological sciences	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	We sought to investigate the balance between procoagulant factors and natural coagulation inhibitors in the critically ill COVID-19 patient and to evaluate the usefulness of hemostasis parameters to identify patients at risk of venous thromboembolic event (VTE). We conducted an observational study recording VTEs defined as deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism using lower limb ultrasound (92% of the patients), computed tomography pulmonary angiography (6%) and both tests (2%). We developed a comprehensive analysis of hemostasis. Ninety-two consecutive mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients (age, 62 years 53-69] (median 25th-75th percentiles]); M/F sex ratio, 2.5; body-mass index, 28 kg/m2 25-32]; past hypertension (52%) and diabetes mellitus (30%)) admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) from 03/11/2020 to 5/05/2020, were included. When tested, patients were receiving prophylactic (74%) or therapeutic (26%) anticoagulation. Forty patients (43%) were diagnosed with VTE. Patients displayed inflammatory and prothrombotic profile including markedly elevated plasma fibrinogen (7.7 g/L 6.1-8.6]), D-dimer (3,360 ng/mL 1668-7575]), factor V (166 IU/dL 136-195]) and factor VIII activities (294 IU/dL 223-362]). We evidenced significant discrepant protein C anticoagulant and chromogenic activities, combined with slightly decreased protein S activity. Plasma D-dimer >3,300 ng/mL predicted VTE presence with 78% (95%-confidence interval (95% CI), 62-89) sensitivity, 69% (95% CI, 55-81) specificity, 66% (95% CI, 51-79) positive predictive value and 80% (95% CI, 65-90) negative predictive value area under the ROC curve, 0.779 (95%CI, 0.681-0.859), p=0.0001]. Mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients present with an imbalance between markedly increased factor V/VIII activity and overwhelmed protein C/S pathway. Plasma D-dimer may be a useful biomarker at the bedside for suspicion of VTE.
Smart technology and the meaning in life of older adults during the Covid-19 public health emergency period: a cross-cultural qualitative study	von Humboldt,  S,  Mendoza-Ruvalcaba, et al	Int Rev Psychiatry	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This exploratory study aims to analyze older adult perspectives of how smart technology influenced their meaning in life during the Covid-19 Public Health Emergency period, using qualitative research at a cross-national level. Three hundred and fifty-one community-dwelling older participants aged 65-87 years were included in the study. Participants were Italian, Mexican, Portuguese and Spanish. All the narratives went through a process of content analysis. Findings of content analysis produced six themes: Meaningful relations, rewarding activities, spirituality, health and safety-related support, self-growth, and physical activity. Smart technology was important in promoting significant relations for Mexican older adults (71.3%), rewarding activities for Portuguese older adults (57.1%), spirituality for Spanish older participants (71.6%), and physical activity for Italian older adults (29.5%). This study indicated that smart technology during the Health Emergency period was important for the meaning in life of older populations, mostly by facilitating meaningful relations, rewarding activities and spirituality.
Ready or Not for Contact Tracing? Investigating the Adoption Intention of COVID-19 Contact-Tracing Technology Using an Extended Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology Model	Walrave,  M,  Waeterloos, et al	Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study investigated the factors that influence app use intention, based on an extended unified theory of acceptance and use of technology model. A survey was administered in Belgium (Flanders) to 1,500 participants aged 18 to 64 years old. Structural equation modeling was used to test the relationships among the model's constructs. Our results indicated that 48.70 percent of the respondents wanted to use the app. The model explained 39 percent of the variance in app use intention. The most important predictor was performance expectancy, followed by facilitating conditions and social influence. Effort expectancy was not related to intention. Moreover, individuals' innovativeness was positively related with app use intention, whereas app-related privacy concerns negatively influenced intention. Based on the results, suggestions are made for policy makers and developers.
Modeling the emergence of COVID-19: A systems approach	Wang,  B,  Xu, et al		Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Transmission Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	This paper describes a systems approach modeling and analyzing the emergence and spread of COVID-19 in urban systems, seeking to combine the multi-layer urban structure between complex infrastructure systems, human activities and policy systems. Moreover, a complex network model is built to illustrate the diffusion of the virus with or without the intervention of policy systems under the different policy intensity by the changed basic reproduction number (R0). Besides, a system dynamics model, including feedback loops and changes, is proposed to demonstrate how the COVID-19 spreads out under the interactive and interrelated characteristics and systems of the complex systems at different levels.
Intention of nurses to accept coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination and change of intention to accept seasonal influenza vaccination during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic: A cross-sectional survey	Wang,  K,  Wong, et al	Vaccine	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This study aimed to examine impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on change of influenza vaccination acceptance and identify factors associated with acceptance of potential COVID-19 vaccination. A cross-sectional self-administered anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted among nurses in Hong Kong, China during 26 February and 31 March 2020. Their previous acceptance of influenza vaccination and intentions to accept influenza and COVID-19 vaccination were collected. More nurses changed from vaccination refusal to hesitancy or acceptance than those changed from acceptance to vaccination hesitancy or refusal (15.5% vs 6.8% among all participants, P < 0.001). 40.0% participants intended to accept COVID-19 vaccination, and those in private sector (OR: 1.67, 95% CI: 1.11–2.51), with chronic conditions (OR: 1.83, 95% CI: 1.22–2.77), encountering with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 patients (OR: 1.63, 95% CI: 1.14–2.33), accepted influenza vaccination in 2019 (OR: 2.03, 95% CI: 1.47–2.81) had higher intentions to accept it. Reasons for refusal and hesitation for COVID-19 vaccination included “suspicion on efficacy, effectiveness and safety”, “believing it unnecessary”, and “no time to take it”. With a low level of COVID-19 acceptance intentions and high proportion of hesitation in both influenza and COVID-19 vaccination, evidence-based planning are needed to improve the uptake of both vaccinations in advance of their implementation.
Information Behavior of Parents during COVID-19 in Relation to Their Young School-age Children’s Education	Wang,  KYC	Serials Librarian	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This paper explores the information behavior of parents with regard to their young school-age children (PreK and elementary school) during the COVID-19 pandemic, in order to contribute to research on parent information behavior more generally and to increase our understanding of parent information behavior during this pandemic. This study proposes a model of the influences on parents’ emotional responses to their children’s required daily academic activities following roughly two months of school closures. It is unknown when the pandemic will end; thus this paper recommends solutions that schools might implement to improve parents’ experiences with information as school disruptions continue. © 2020, Published with license by Taylor & Francis. Group, LLC. © 2020 Karen You-Chuan Wang.
Diagnosis of covid-19 by wavelet renyi entropy and three-segment biogeography-based optimization	Wang,  SH,  Wu, et al	International Journal of Computational Intelligence Systems	Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	In this paper, a novel chest CT-based method for the automatic detection of COVID-19 was proposed. Our algorithm is a hybrid method composed of (i) wavelet Renyi entropy, (ii) feedforward neural network, and (iii) a proposed three-segment biogeography-based optimization (3SBBO) algorithm. We used 296 chest CT images to evaluate the detection performance of our proposed method. In order to reduce randomness and get unbiased result, the 10 runs of 10-fold cross validation are introduced. Experimental outcomes show that our proposed method is superior to state-of-the-art approaches in terms of sensitivity, specificity, precision, accuracy, and F1.
Forecasting the epidemiological trends of COVID-19 prevalence and mortality using the advanced α-Sutte Indicator	Wang,  Y,  Xu, et al	Epidemiol Infect	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	This research aims to estimate the epidemiological trends of the COVID-19 prevalence and mortality using the advanced α-Sutte Indicator, and its prediction accuracy level was compared with the most frequently adopted autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) method. Time series analysis was performed based on the total confirmed cases and deaths of COVID-19 in the world, Brazil, Peru, Canada, and Chile between 27 February 2020 and 30 June 2020. By comparing the prediction reliability indices, including the root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), mean error rate (MER), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), and root mean square percentage error (RMSPE), the α-Sutte Indicator was found to produce lower forecasting error rates than the ARIMA model in all data apart from that from the prevalence testing set globally.
Describing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on alcohol-induced blackout tweets	Ward,  RM,  Riordan, et al	Drug Alcohol Rev	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	We used Crimson Hexagon's ForSight tool to access all original English tweets written in the USA that referenced alcohol-related blackouts in 2019 and 2020. Using infoveillance methods, we tracked changes in the number and proportion of tweets about blackouts.  More alcohol-related blackout tweets were written between 13 March and 24 April in 2020 than 2019. In addition, a greater proportion of all tweets referenced blackouts in 2020 than in 2019. In the period prior to the 'stay at home' orders (January to mid-March), the proportion of blackout tweets were higher in 2020 than 2019.
Increased Incidence of Acute Pulmonary Embolism in Emergency Department Patients During the COVID-19 Pandemic	Watchmaker,  JM,  Goldman, et al	Acad Emerg Med	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	The purpose 5 of this study is to (i) evaluate the incidence of acute pulmonary embolism (PE) in patients undergoing 6 computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) in the emergency department (ED) across six hospitals 7 in New York City during the height of the COVID-19 pandemic compared to a non-pandemic period, and (ii) 8 compare the characteristics and early outcomes of patients presenting with PE during the pandemic (n=87) to 9 patients presenting with PE during a non-pandemic period (n=34). Our study demonstrated that 18.8% of studies performed during the height of the pandemic were 69 positive for PE, which is significantly higher than the year prior in which 7.6% of CTPA studies performed in 70 the ED were positive for PE.
Is AI Model Interpretable to Combat with COVID? An Empirical Study on Severity Prediction Task	Wu,  Han,  Ruan, et al	arXiv	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	In this work, the interpretation of machine learning models of COVID-19 diagnosis reveals a high CRP corresponds to severe infection, and severe patients usually go through a cardiac injury, which is consistent with medical knowledge. Additionally, through the interpretation of machine learning models, we find phlegm and diarrhea are two important symptoms, without which indicate a high risk of turning severe. These two symptoms are not recognized at the early stage of the outbreak, but later our findings are corroborated by autopsies of COVID-19 patients. And we find patients with a high NTproBNP have a significantly increased risk of death which does not receive much attention initially but proves true by the following-up study.
Broad host range of SARS-CoV-2 and the molecular basis for SARS-CoV-2 binding to cat ACE2	Wu,  L,  Chen, et al	Cell Discovery	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of the recent pandemic COVID-19, is reported to have originated from bats, with its intermediate host unknown to date. Here, we screened 26 animal counterparts of the human ACE2 (hACE2), the receptor for SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV, and found that the ACE2s from various species, including pets, domestic animals and multiple wild animals, could bind to SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain (RBD) and facilitate the transduction of SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus. Comparing to SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV seems to have a slightly wider range in choosing its receptor. We further resolved the cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structure of the cat ACE2 (cACE2) in complex with the SARS-CoV-2 RBD at a resolution of 3 Å, revealing similar binding mode as hACE2 to the SARS-CoV-2 RBD.
32971210; Comprehensive assessment of side effects in COVID-19 drug pipeline from a network perspective	Wu,  Q,  Fan, et al	Food and Chemical Toxicology	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	In this study, we proposed a network-based framework to identify the potential side effects of current COVID-19 drugs in clinical trials. We established the associations between 116 COVID-19 drugs and 30 kinds of human tissues based on network proximity and gene-set enrichment analysis (GSEA) approaches. Additionally, we focused on four types of drug-induced toxicities targeting four tissues, including hepatotoxicity, renal toxicity, lung toxicity, and neurotoxicity, and validated our network-based predictions by preclinical and clinical evidence available. Finally, we further performed pharmacovigilance analysis to validate several drug-tissue toxicities via data mining adverse event reporting data, and we identified several new drug-induced side effects without labeling in Food and Drug Administration (FDA) drug instructions.
Efficacy and Safety of Triazavirin Therapy for Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial	Wu,  X,  Yu, et al	Engineering	Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique RCT	To assess the efficacy and safety of Triazavirin therapy for COVID-19, we conducted a randomized, double-blinded controlled trial involving hospitalized adult patients with COVID-19. Patients were treated with Triazavirin 250 mg versus a placebo three or four times a day for 7 d. The primary outcome was the time to clinical improvement, defined as normalization of body temperature, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, cough, and absorption of pulmonary infection by chest computed tomography (CT) until 28 d after randomization.  We randomized 52 patients for treatment with Triazavirin (n = 26) or a placebo (n = 26). We found no differences in the time to clinical improvement (median, 7 d versus 12 d; risk ratio (RR), 2.0; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.7–5.6; p = 0.2), with clinical improvement occurring in ten patients in the Triazavirin group and six patients in the placebo group (38.5% vs. 23.1%, RR, 2.1; 95% CI, 0.6–7.0; p = 0.2). All components of the primary outcome normalized within 28 d, with the exception of absorption of pulmonary infection (Triazavirin 50.0%, placebo 26.1%). Patients in the Triazavirin group used less frequent concomitant therapies for respiratory, cardiac, renal, hepatic, or coagulation supports. Although no statistically significant evidence was found to indicate that Triazavirin benefits COVID-19 patients, our observations indicated possible benefits from its use to treat COVID-19 due to its antiviral effects.
Evasion of Type I Interferon by SARS-CoV-2	Xia,  H,  Cao, et al	Cell Reports	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	Here, we use unbiased screening to identify SARS-CoV-2 proteins that antagonize type I interferon (IFN-I) response. We found three proteins that antagonize IFN-I production via distinct mechanisms: nonstructural protein 6 (nsp6) binds TANK binding kinase 1 (TBK1) to suppress interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) phosphorylation, nsp13 binds and blocks TBK1 phosphorylation, and open reading frame 6 (ORF6) binds importin Karyopherin α 2 (KPNA2) to inhibit IRF3 nuclear translocation. We identify two sets of viral proteins that antagonize IFN-I signaling through blocking signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1)/STAT2 phosphorylation or nuclear translocation. Remarkably, SARS-CoV-2 nsp1 and nsp6 suppress IFN-I signaling more efficiently than SARS-CoV and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). Thus, when treated with IFN-I, a SARS-CoV-2 replicon replicates to a higher level than chimeric replicons containing nsp1 or nsp6 from SARS-CoV or MERS-CoV. Altogether, the study provides insights on SARS-CoV-2 evasion of IFN-I response and its potential impact on viral transmission and pathogenesis.
A retrospective study of infection prevention in emergency and confined operations at Department of Orthopaedic Trauma, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital during the epidemic of COVID-19	Xiao,  H,  Li, et al	Chinese Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This study aimed to summarize our experience in prevention of COVID-19 infection in emergency and confined operations during the first 3 weeks after Spring Festival in 2020. The patients in the ordinary wards had a hospital stay of 6.8 days ± 4.6 days while those in the senile wards 5.1 days ± 2.0 days. Abnormal temperature (≥37.3℃) was observed perioperatively in 17 cases in the ordinary wards. It was absorption fever in all and appeared in 4 cases upon admission. Fever appeared in 11 patients in the senile wards and upon admission in 3 of them. One senile patient who had been diagnosed of normal pneumonia returned to normal temperature and remained stable conditions after antibiotic therapy. The other patients were free of complications related to COVID-19 during their hospital stay.
Emergent foot and ankle surgery in the epidemic of COVID-19	Xiao,  K,  Huang, et al	Chinese Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	To report our experience in the emergent foot and ankle surgery in the epidemic of COVID-19 in the Department of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Wuhan Fourth Hospital from 20th January, 2020 to 26th February, 2020. Of the 11 patients who had been hospitalized for foot and ankle injury in emergency, 5 were definitely diagnosed of or suspected of COVID-19 infection and 6 free of COVID-19 infection. During hospitalization, COVID-19 infection was confirmed in the 5 cases and no COVID-19 infection occurred in the other 6 patients.
32880993; Predictive effects of IgA and IgG combination to assess pulmonary exudation progression in COVID-19 patients	Xue,  M,  Zhang, et al	Journal of medical virology	Clinical data| Données cliniques Immunology | Immunologie	Our study longitudinally explored the prediction effect of immunoglobulin A (IgA) on pulmonary exudation progression in COVID-19 patients. The positive rate of IgA and IgG in our cohort was 97% and 79.0%, respectively. In this study, the IgA levels peaks within 10-15 days after admission, while the IgG levels peaks at admission. Alveolar-arterial oxygen difference and oxygenation index were correlated with IgA and IgG. The results of biopsy showed that the epithelium of lung was exfoliated and the mucosa was edematous. In severe COVID-19 patients, the combination of IgA and IgG can predict the progress of pulmonary lesions and is closely related to hypoxemia and both also play an important defense role in invasion and destruction of bronchial and alveolar epithelium by SARS-CoV-2.
Management of acute hand injury during the epidemic of COVID-19: strategies and suggestions	Yan,  L,  Feng, et al	Chinese Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	To present our strategies and suggestions for management of acute hand injury during the epidemic of COVID-19.  From January 1 to February 20, 2020, 78 patients with acute hand injury were admitted to the Department of Hand Surgery, Wuhan Fourth Hospital. In total, 7 patients were diagnosed of COVID-19 infection, including 4 mild and 3 moderate cases, and 5 medical staff members were also diagnosed of COVID-19 infection, including 3 mild, one moderate and one severe cases. The risk of nosocomial COVID-19 infection can be reduced by complete pre-hospital examination, choice of proper anesthesia and surgical procedures, perioperative prevention measures for medical staff, improved postoperative ward management, and psychological counseling for the patients.
Social support and clinical improvement in COVID-19 positive patients in China	Yang,  X,  Yang, et al	Nursing outlook	Clinical data| Données cliniques	This exploratory study of 35 COVID-19 positive patients were enrolled between February 1 to March 1, 2020. Sleep quality, depression, anxiety, and social support were measured and social support related data of participants were collected. Psychological intervention was administered and patients were followed two weeks post intervention. Thirty-two individuals exhibited sleep, depressive and anxiety symptoms which improved post support intervention. At baseline, symptoms were associated with gender, severity of pneumonia, social support. Better social support at follow-up and improvement from COVID-19 predicted improvement in their psychological symptoms.
Vulnerability and burden of all-cause mortality associated with particulate air pollution increased during COVID-19 pandemic: a nationwide observed study in Italy	Ye,  Tingting,  Xu, et al	medRxiv	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	Limited evidence is available on the health effects of particulate matter (i.e. PM2.5, particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter < 2.5μm; PM10, < 10μm; PM2.5-10, 2.5-10μm) during the pandemic of COVID-19 in Italy. We collected daily data regarding all-cause mortality (stratified by age and gender), and PM2.5, PM2.5-10, and PM10 for 107 Italian provinces from 1, January 2015 to 31, May 2020. Overall, Italy saw an increase in daily death counts while slight decreases in PM concentrations in 2020 pandemic period compared to same months of 2015-2019. Each 10 μg/m3 increase in PM was associated much higher increase in daily all-cause mortality during 2020 pandemic period compared to the same months during 2015-2019. COVID-19 pandemic increased the vulnerability and excess cases of all-cause mortality associated with short-term exposure to PM2.5, PM2.5-10 and PM10 in Italy, despite a decline in air pollution level. This suggests using historical PM-mortality association to calculate health benefits associated with reduction in PMs has big uncertainties.
Upper respiratory tract levels of SARS-CoV-2 RNA and duration of viral RNA shedding do not differ between patients with mild and severe/critical COVID-19	Yilmaz,  A,  Marklund, et al	J Infect Dis	Clinical data| Données cliniques	This study reports longitudinal viral RNA loads from nasopharynx/throat in patients with mild and severe/critical COVID-19. We also investigated whether the duration of symptoms correlated with the duration of viral RNA shedding. A total of 56 patients were included. The highest viral loads occurred early after onset of symptoms. Neither the viral RNA loads in the upper respiratory tract, nor the time to viral RNA clearance differed between patients with mild or severe/critical disease. There was a moderate correlation between number of days with symptoms and number of days with viral RNA shedding in patients with mild COVID-19.
Is Vitamin D Deficiency a Risk Factor for Covid 19 in Children?	Yılmaz,  K,  Şen, et al	Pediatr Pulmonol	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	This study includes 40 pediatric patients who were diagnosed to have COVID‐ 19 by the real‐time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction method. Patients with COVID‐ 19 had significantly lower vitamin D levels 13.14 μg/L (4.19‐69.28) than did the controls 34.81(3.8‐77.42) μg/L (p < 0.001). Patients with COVID‐ 19 also had significantly lower serum phosphorus (4.09±0.73 vs. 5.06±0.93vs (U/L) (p<0.001) values compared with the controls. There was a negative correlation found between fever symptom and vitamin D level (r=‐0.358, p = 0.023). vitamin D values may be associated with the occurrence and management of the COVID‐19 disease by modulating the immunological mechanism to the virus in the pediatric population.
Leisure pursuits in South Africa as observed during the COVID-19 pandemic	Young,  MEM	World Leisure Journal	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	South Africa recorded its first case on 5 March 2020. A five-stage lockdown was introduced to flatten the curve and prepare the heath system during the first level. Lockdown regulations were severe, with restricted movement only for essential services. The extreme lockdown measures had a visible impact on the leisure and tourism industry. The future of leisure and recreation practices post-COVID-19 is not clear and will change indefinitely. The social and economic impact on the industry has been vast and will be far reaching.
Acute Kidney Injury in COVID-19 Patients: An Inner City Hospital Experience and Policy Implications	Zahid,  U,  Ramachandran, et al	Am J Nephrol	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	The reports of the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in COVID-19 patients vary widely. In this single-center, retrospective cohort study, authors analyzed the data of 469 COVID-19 patients admitted to the Brookdale University Hospital in Brooklyn. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR was low (<60 mL/min/1.73 m2) in 207 (44.1%) patients. During hospitalization, 128 (27.3%) patients developed AKI, and the incidence was significantly higher in those patients presenting with a low eGFR (N = 81, 39.1%; p < 0.001). Ninety-seven (28.45%) patients died in the non-AKI group versus 91 (71.1%) in the AKI group (p < 0.001). AKI in our hospitalized COVID-19 patients was common and carried a high mortality, especially in patients with AKI stage 3. RRT did not improve survival.
Incidence of appendicitis during SARS-CoV-2 pandemic quarantine: report of a single area experience	Zampieri,  N,  Cinquetti, et al	Minerva Pediatr	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Abstract not available and full text not available through open access.
Global analysis of more than 50,000 SARS-Cov-2 genomes reveals epistasis between 8 viral genes	Zeng,  Hong-Li,  Dichio, et al	arXiv	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	Genome-wide epistasis analysis is a powerful tool to infer gene interactions, which can guide drug and vaccine development and lead to a deeper understanding of microbial pathogenesis. We have considered all complete SARS-CoV-2 genomes deposited in the GISAID repository until \textbf{four} different cut-off dates, and used Direct Coupling Analysis together with an assumption of Quasi-Linkage Equilibrium to infer epistatic contributions to fitness from polymorphic loci. We find \textbf{eight} interactions, of which three between pairs where one locus lies in gene ORF3a, both loci holding non-synonymous mutations. We also find interactions between two loci in gene nsp13, both holding non-synonymous mutations, and four interactions involving one locus holding a synonymous mutation. Altogether we infer interactions between loci in viral genes ORF3a and nsp2, nsp12 and nsp6, between ORF8 and nsp4, and between loci in genes nsp2, nsp13 and nsp14. The paper opens the prospect to use prominent epistatically linked pairs as a starting point to search for combinatorial weaknesses of recombinant viral pathogens.
Psychological Responses to the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic in Renal Transplant Recipients	Zgoura,  P,  Seibert, et al	Transplantation proceedings	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	Renal transplant recipients are at increased risk for an adverse course of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Cross-sectional study on 62 renal transplant recipients. Fifty cardiovascular outpatients without immunosuppression and 55 healthy subjects served as control. We performed a focused psychological assessment during the pandemic (April 2020) and compared the data with a time 6 months before. During the pandemic median levels of life satisfaction did not significantly differ between the 3 groups (transplant recipients 6, interquartile range [IQR] 4-7; cardiovascular patients 5, IQR: 4-6; healthy controls 6, IQR 5-7; Kruskal-Wallis P > .05). In contrast, the perceived action competence was higher in healthy subjects (15, IQR 12-17) than in both renal transplant recipients (13, IQR 10-15) and cardiovascular patients (13, IQR 8-14, Kruskal-Wallis P = .0003). The COVID-19 pandemic has negative effects on life satisfaction and perceived action competence in renal transplant recipients, cardiovascular patients without immunosuppression, and healthy subjects. The feeling of reduced action competence exceeded healthy controls, most likely due to a subjective need for stricter social distancing to avoid infection.
Control of a multigroup COVID-19 model with immunity: treatment and test elimination	Zhai,  S,  Gao, et al	Nonlinear Dynamics	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	This paper introduces a multigroup COVID-19 model with immunity, in which the total population of each group is partitioned into five compartments, that is, susceptible, exposed, infective, infective in treatment and recovered compartment. If the basic reproduction number is less than or equal to one, and the infection graph is strongly connected, then the disease-free equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable and the disease dies out. However, the COVID-19 is already in a pandemic state, and the basic reproduction number is large than one. Hence, in order to make the COVID-19 die out in some groups in an area, we design some appropriate control strategies which reduce the number of exposed people and increase the number of people treated. These two methods have been proved to be the most effective methods at present. An effective algorithm is proposed to identify the groups that need to be controlled. Finally, we use the actual limited data of Hubei, Guangdong and Zhejiang provinces in China to illustrate the effectiveness of the obtained results. © 2020, Springer Nature B.V.
Dilution-based Evaluation of Airborne Infection Risk - Thorough Expansion of Wells-Riley Model	Zhang,  Sheng,  Lin, et al	medRxiv	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Transmission	Evaluation of airborne infection risk with spatial and temporal resolutions is indispensable for the design of proper interventions fighting infectious respiratory diseases (e.g., COVID-19), because the distribution of aerosol contagions is both spatially and temporally non-uniform. However, the well-recognized Wells-Riley model and modified Wells-Riley model (i.e., the rebreathed-fraction model) are limited to the well-mixed condition and unable to evaluate airborne infection risk spatially and temporally, which could result in overestimation or underestimation of airborne infection risk. This study proposes a dilution-based evaluation method for airborne infection risk. The method proposed is benchmarked by the Wells-Riley model and modified Wells-Riley model, which indicates that the method proposed is a thorough expansion of the Wells-Riley model for evaluation of airborne infection risk with both spatial and temporal resolutions. Experiments in a mock hospital ward also demonstrate that the method proposed effectively evaluates the airborne infection risk both spatially and temporally.
Asymptomatic subclinical cases of coronavirus disease 2019 without viral transmission in three independent families	Zhang,  X,  Chen, et al	Infection and Drug Resistance	Transmission Clinical data| Données cliniques	Purpose: There is increasing evidence indicating that considerable fractions of cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection are asymptomatic. We traced three asymptomatic clusters to investigate the infectivity of subclinical cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Patients and Methods: Three medical staff who were asymptomatic were diagnosed with coronavirus disease 2019 by serological tests. Their close contacts were systematically evaluated based on COVID-19-related symptoms, nucleic acid tests, serological tests, and chest computed tomography (CT) as needed to determine if they were infected by SARS-CoV-2. Results: None of the staff’s close contacts, including 10 family members, were infected by the indexes, even though no protective measures were taken. Conclusion: The infectivity of asymptomatic subclinical infection patients of coronavirus disease 2019 seems to be low. © 2020 Zhang et al.
COVID-19 and early-stage lung cancer both featuring ground-glass opacities: A propensity score-matched study	Zhang,  YJ,  Yang, et al	Translational Lung Cancer Research	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Authors aimed to specify the radiological characteristics of COVID-19 and early lung cancer and to unveil the discrepancy between them. 157 COVID-19 patients and 374 early lung cancer patients from four hospitals in China were retrospectively enrolled. Radiologically, patients with a single lesion accounted for 17% in COVID-19 and 89% in lung cancer (P<0.0001). Lesions in COVID-19 involved more lobes (median 3.5 vs. 1; P<0.0001) and segments (median 6 vs. 1; P<0.0001) and tended to have multiple types (67%) with patchy form (54%). Early lung cancer was more likely to have a single type (92%) with oval form (66%). Both COVID-19 and early lung cancers showed GGOs, with similar but independent features.
PMC7532339; A cell-based large-scale screening of natural compounds for inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2	Zhang,  ZR,  Zhang, et al	Signal Transduct Target Ther	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	In this letter to editor, the authors  established a CPE-based HTS assay which are time-saving and allows for rapid screening of antivirals targeting the entire life cycle of SARS-CoV-2. Using this system, 1058 compounds from natural compound library were screened, and 30 hit drugs exhibiting good antiviral activities were identified, enriching the drug arsenal against SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Multi-cohort analysis of host immune response identifies conserved protective and detrimental modules associated with severity irrespective of virus	Zheng,  Hong,  Rao, et al	medRxiv	Immunology | Immunologie	SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, the fourth pandemic of the decade, has underscored gaps in global pandemic preparedness and the need for generalizable tests to avert overwhelming healthcare systems worldwide, irrespective of a virus. We integrated 4,780 blood transcriptome profiles from patients infected with one of 16 viruses across 34 independent cohorts from 18 countries, and 71 scRNA-seq profiles of 264,224 immune cells across three independent cohorts. We found a myeloid cell-dominated conserved host response associated with severity. It showed increased hematopoiesis, myelopoiesis, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells with increased severity. We identified four gene modules that delineate distinct trajectories associated with mild and severe outcomes, and show the interferon response was decoupled from protective host response during severe viral infection. These modules distinguished non-severe from severe viral infection with clinically useful accuracy. Together, our findings provide insights into immune response dynamics during viral infection, and identify factors that may influence patient outcomes.
Risk perception, knowledge, information sources and emotional states among COVID-19 patients in Wuhan, China	Zhong,  Y,  Liu, et al	Nursing outlook	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	To investigate COVID-19 patients’ risk perception, knowledge of the disease, information sources, and emotional states in the epicenter, Wuhan, during the COVID-19 outbreak in China data were collected online using self-administered electronic questionnaire. A higher level of perceived risk was found in relation to COVID-19 as compared to other potential health threats. Moreover, social media was a primary source for COVID-19 information, whereas the most trusted sources were health professionals. Realistic perception of risk should be encouraged considering both physical and mental health.
Visualising the dynamics of COVID-19 cases leading to inbound transmission in Hong Kong	Zhou,  L,  Li, et al	Environment and Planning A	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Transmission Economics | Économie	As a global city, Hong Kong directly connects more than 120 cities worldwide and transfers nearly 20 million passengers each year. The current COVID-19 pandemic has put the major transport hub in Asia under severe threat of potential imported cases. This Featured Graphic visualizes inbound confirmed COVID-19 cases to Hong Kong globally from January to June 2020, which could greatly help to assess risks from imported cases and improve air transport control policy for mitigating the global spread of COVID-19. © The Author(s) 2020.
Correlations of ct scan with high-sensitivity c-reactive protein and d-dimer in patients with coronavirus disease 2019	Zhu,  J,  Chen, et al	Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences	Clinical data| Données cliniques	To study the correlations of CT scan with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and D-dimer in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-2019). In Group-1 (ordinary cases), there were one case of fibrosis, and 25 cases of abnormalities, mainly manifested as single or scattered ground-glass shadows. After treatment, the CT scan results became normal. The chest CT scan of Group-2 (severe cases) showed abnormalities, including 21 cases of multiple ground-glass shadows, and six cases of multiple consolidations accompanied by ground-glass shadows, who were critically ill and died. In addition, there were 16 cases of multiple ground glass shadows with partial consolidation. Chest CT scan results were significantly positively correlated with CRP and D-dimer levels (P<0.05). The indices may play predictive roles in clinical treatment and prognosis evaluation.
Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells for adjuvant treatment of a critically ill COVID-19 patient: A case report	Zhu,  Y,  Zhu, et al	Infection and Drug Resistance	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Background: COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) has become a global public health emergency since patients were first detected in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. Currently, there are no satisfying antiviral medications and vaccines available. Case Presentation: We reported the treatment process and clinical outcome of a 48-year-old man critically ill COVID-19 patient who received transfusion of allogenic human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs). Conclusions: We proposed that UC-MSC transfusion might be a new option for critically ill COVID-19. Although only one case we were shown, more similar clinical cases are inquired for further evidence providing the potential effectiveness of UC-MSC treatment. © 2020 Zhu et al.
Patients avoided important care during the early weeks of the coronavirus pandemic: diverticulitis patients were more likely to present with an abscess on CT	Zintsmaster,  MP,  Myers, et al	Emergency Radiology	Clinical data| Données cliniques Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	Total cases of diverticulitis on CT were compared, as well as the prevalence of an associated abscess. 120 patients were identified with CT findings of newly diagnosed diverticulitis with 11.7% of those patients (14 patients) presenting with an associated abscess. In other newly diagnosed diverticulitis (339), 4.4%  had an associated abscess. Patients with urgent health concerns avoided appropriate and necessary care during the early weeks of the coronavirus pandemic. While non-COVID-19 emergency visits were diminished, patients who did present with diverticulitis were more likely to present with greater disease severity as manifested by an associated abscess.
Teledentistry as a solution in dentistry during the covid-19 pandemic period: A systematic review	Achmad,  H,  Tanumihardja, et al	International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	SR:  articles search was performed on Google Search and Pubmed. Studies published on 2020. Based on 15 articles show that consultation through teledentistry is a solution as dental health services and is very useful in this COVID-19 pandemic situation.
Social distance impact on church gatherings: Socio-behavioral implications	Adegboyega,  A,  Boddie, et al	Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Disinfection methods and survival of SARS-CoV-2 in the environment and contaminated materials: A bibliometric analysis	Al-Gheethi,  A,  Al-Sahari, et al	Sustainability (Switzerland)	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Dynamic interplay between microbiota and mucosal immunity in early shaping of asthma and its implication for the COVID-19 pandemic	Alkhater,  SA	Journal of Asthma and Allergy	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Blockchain for Multi-Robot Collaboration to Combat COVID-19 and Future Pandemics	Alsamhi,  SH,  L	arXiv	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
32965013; A contemporary look at COVID-19 medications: available and potentially effective drugs	Alshaeri,  HK,  Natto, et al	European review for medical and pharmacological sciences	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
32965018; Artificial intelligence technology for diagnosing COVID-19 cases: a review of substantial issues	Alsharif,  MH,  Alsharif, et al	European review for medical and pharmacological sciences	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
COVID-19: Between Past and Present	Assaf,  AM,  Haddadin, et al	Viral Immunol	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
32965016; Advances in SARS-CoV-2: a systematic review	Bai,  YX,  Xu, et al	European review for medical and pharmacological sciences	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	SR: performed an online search on PubMed and Web of Science for published papers about SARS-CoV-2 from January, 2020 to April, 2020. We found that SARS-CoV-2 was a kind of virus with low mortality rate and high infectivity. This virus can enter human cells through angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in alveoli and activate immune response in human body. SARS-CoV-2 infection can be classified as asymptomatic, mild, common, severe, and critical.
COVID-19 lockdown: animal life, ecosystem and atmospheric environment	Bar,  H	Environment, Development and Sustainability	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
32965269; ; PROBLEMS OF MONITORING THE QUALITY OF HOSPITALS IN GEORGIA IN THE CONTEXT OF THE COVID 19 PANDEMIC (REVIEW)	Baratashvili,  Z,  Kazakhashvili, et al	Georgian medical news	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Influenza Vaccination to Reduce Cardiovascular Morbidity and Mortality in Patients With COVID-19: JACC State-of-the-Art Review	Behrouzi,  B,  Araujo Campoverde, et al	Journal of the American College of Cardiology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Is there a vascular side of the story? Vascular consequences during COVID-19 outbreak in Lombardy, Italy	Bissacco,  D,  Grassi, et al	J Card Surg	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Lessons learned: Contribution to healthcare by medical students during COVID-19	Bosveld,  MH,  van Doorn, et al	Journal of critical care	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
How to deal with coronavirus disease 2019: A comprehensive narrative review about oral involvement of the disease	Capocasale,  G,  Nocini, et al	Clin Exp Dent Res	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
A rapid review of pandemic studies in paramedicine	Cavanagh,  N,  Tavares, et al	Australasian Journal of Paramedicine	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	Rapid Review: review of research derived from an existing broad database of literature generated between 2006 and 2019 was used. The evidence base describes the importance of pandemic planning and preparedness for emergency medical services and integrating these activities into broader public health and healthcare system plans.
The Impact of Novel Coronavirus COVID-19 on Non-Communicable Disease Patients and Health Systems: A Review	Chang,  AY,  Cullen, et al	J Intern Med	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Surgical masks vs respirators: Properties and indications for use	Checchi,  V,  Checchi, et al	Dental Cadmos	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Forgotten Technology in the COVID-19 Pandemic: Filtration Properties of Cloth and Cloth Masks—A Narrative Review	Clase,  CM,  Fu, et al	Mayo Clinic proceedings	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
COVID19 - A Correlation Study of Infection Fatality Rate vs Age	Datta,  Jaydip	Research Square prepub	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
32962495; Possible effect of epinephrine in minimizing COVID-19 severity: a review	Derakhshan,  M,  Ansarian, et al	Journal of International Medical Research	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Organised crime in Western Balkans Six at the onset of coronavirus	Djordjević,  S,  Dobovšek, et al	International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Rationale and prognosis of repurposed drugs with risk stratification of patients in oxygen support in COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis	Elangovan,  Esther Jebarani,  Kumar, et al	medRxiv	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	SR-MA: that focus on evaluating the clinical outcomes of repurposed drugs against COVID-19 including Tocilizumab, Remdesivir, Dexamethasome, Lopinavir-ritonavir, Favipiravir, Hydroxychloroquine, and Convalescent plasma therapy
32808712; Hydroxychloroquine for treatment of nonsevere COVID-19 patients: Systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials	Elsawah,  HK,  Elsokary, et al	Journal of medical virology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	SR-MA: search was started in June up to 18 July, 2020 in many databases, including PubMed, Embase, and others. Failure of hydroxychloroquine to show viral clearance or clinical benefits with additional adverse effects outweigh its protective effect from radiological progression in nonsevere COVID-19 patients.
An Overview of the Progress Made on the Coronavirus Vaccine	Fang,  Y		Review Literature| Revue de littérature
32961074; Cytokine storm and COVID-19: a chronicle of pro-inflammatory cytokines	Fara,  A,  Mitrev, et al	Open biology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
COVID-19: a Great Mime or a Trigger Event of Autoimmune Manifestations?	Fatone,  MC	Curr Rheumatol Rev	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Radiology in the covid-19 pandemic: Current role, recommendations for structured reporting and experience of our department	Felipe Castillo,  A,  Diego Bazaes, et al	Revista Chilena de Radiologia	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
32970974; Exosomes: Applications in Respiratory Infectious Diseases and Prospects for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)	Feng,  J,  Waqas, et al	Journal of biomedical nanotechnology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
SARS-CoV-2 Viability under Different Meteorological Conditions, Surfaces, Fluids and Transmission between Animals	Fernández-Raga,  M,  Díaz-Marugán, et al	Environ Res	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Update coronavirus: SARS-CoV-2 implications for gynaecology and obstetrics in Germany with special attention to reproductive medicine	Findeklee,  S	Gynakologische Praxis	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Physical activity during COVID-19 induced lockdown: Recommendations	Füzéki,  E,  Groneberg, et al	Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Searching for effective antiviral small molecules against influenza A virus: A patent review	Ginex,  T,  Luque, et al	Expert Opin Ther Pat	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Antiviral therapies: advances and perspectives	Gonçalves,  BC,  Lopes Barbosa, et al	Fundam Clin Pharmacol	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Review of care and management of pregnant women during COVID-19 pandemic	Goyal,  M,  Singh, et al	Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Glutathione supplementation as an adjunctive therapy in COVID-19	Guloyan,  V,  Oganesian, et al	Antioxidants	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Monitoring disease activity and damage in adult and juvenile idiopathic inflammatory myopathy	Gupta,  L,  Chinoy, et al	Curr Opin Rheumatol	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
COVID-19 and Sex Differences: Mechanisms and Biomarkers	Haitao,  T,  Vermunt, et al	Mayo Clinic proceedings	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
32975884; Olfactory and gustatory dysfunction in COVID-19 patients: A meta-analysis study	Hajikhani,  B,  Calcagno, et al	Physiological Reports	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	MA: PubMed/Medline, Embase, and Web of Sciences were searched for articles published until April 30, 2020. Our meta-analysis demonstrated high rates of taste (49.0%) and smell (61.0%) disorders in patients with confirmed COVID-19. Results increase the power of recent reports—loss of olfactory and loss of gustation should now routinely be considered in the setting of COVID-19 infection.
Challenges and issues surrounding the use for translational research of human samples obtained during the COVID-19 pandemic from lung cancer patients	Hofman,  P	Translational Lung Cancer Research	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
COVID-19: Infection or Autoimmunity	Icenogle,  T	Frontiers in Immunology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Mental health response to the COVID-19 pandemic in Kenya: A review	Jaguga,  F,  Kwobah, et al	International Journal of Mental Health Systems	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Global Biological Threats: Novel Tools and Multi-Disciplinary Approaches to Sustainable Development	Jameel,  S	Journal of the Indian Institute of Science	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Nano antiviral photodynamic therapy: A probable biophysicochemical management modality in SARS-CoV-2	Khorsandi,  K,  Fekrazad, et al	Expert Opin Drug Deliv	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Convalescent plasma appears efficacious and safe in COVID-19	Khulood,  D,  Adil, et al	Therapeutic Advances in Infectious Disease	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Child maltreatment online education for healthcare and social service providers: Implications for the COVID-19 context and beyond	Kimber,  M,  McTavish, et al	Child Abuse and Neglect	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
On Europe, Immigration and Inequality: Brexit as a ‘Wicked Problem’	King,  R	Journal of Immigrant and Refugee Studies	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Resilient urban form to pandemics: Lessons from COVID-19	Lak,  A,  Asl, et al	Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Meta-analysis: COVID-19 Disease Severity Correlates with Smoking Status	Lansiaux,  É,  Pébaÿ, et al	Clinical Pulmonary Medicine	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	MA: a systematic search using ReseachGate on May 15, 2020. using a Bayesian approach we have established that past, and present smoking is associated with more severe COVID-19 outcomes.
Suicidal behaviors and ideation during emerging viral disease outbreaks before the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic rapid review	Leaune,  E,  Samuel, et al	Prev Med	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	Rapid SR: Medline, Embase, Web of Science, PsycINFO and Scopus in April 2020.  Psychosocial factors such as the fear of being infected by the virus or social isolation related to quarantine measures were the most prominent factors associated with deaths by suicide during EVDOs. Overall, we found scarce and weak evidence for an increased risk of deaths by suicide during EVDOs.
Psychosocial dimension of the pandemic: The other side of COVID-19	Leiva,  AM,  Nazar, et al	Ciencia y Enfermeria	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
32961897; Induction of the Antiviral Immune Response and Its Circumvention by Coronaviruses	Liu,  P,  Hong, et al	Viruses	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
32972027; Drug Repositioning: New Approaches and Future Prospects for Life-Debilitating Diseases and the COVID-19 Pandemic Outbreak	Low,  ZY,  Farouk, et al	Viruses	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Video laryngoscopy for endotracheal intubation of adult patients with suspected/ confirmed COVID-19. A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials	Ludwin,  K,  Bialka, et al	Disaster and Emergency Medicine Journal	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	SR-MA: search was performed with PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases. Our meta-analysis suggests that PPE reduces the effectiveness of endotracheal intubation. The use of direct laryngoscopy for intubating patients with suspected/confirmed COVID-19 by an intubator wearing level C PPE is associated with overall intubation time reduction and an increase in intubation success rate compared with video laryngoscopes.
The Mental Health of Frontline Health Care Providers During Pandemics: A Rapid Review of the Literature	Magill,  E,  Siegel, et al	Psychiatr Serv	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	Rapid Review: PubMed, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO were searched with terms related to these epidemics/pandemics. Systems-level interventions may alleviate distress for most providers without the need for specialized mental health intervention. Psychotherapeutic support and referral to specialty care should be available to health workers with severe and intense adverse psychological outcomes during and beyond the COVID-19 pandemic.
The complexity of respiratory disease associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection: From immunopathogenesis to respiratory therapy	Magno Falcão,  LF,  da Silva Pontes, et al	Reviews in medical virology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Gynecologic cancer surveillance in the era of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)	Mancebo,  G,  Solé-Sedeño, et al	Int J Gynecol Cancer	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
A Systematic Review on Tracheostomy in COVID-19 Patients: Current Guidelines and Safety Measures	Mandal,  A,  Nandi, et al	Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	SR: PubMed/MEDLINE, Google scholar, Scopus and Ovid Medline were searched between Jan 2000 and April 2020.
Mitochondrial glutathione: Recent insights and role in disease	Marí,  M,  de Gregorio, et al	Antioxidants	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
32868735; Medical Device-Related Pressure Injuries During the COVID-19 Pandemic	Martel,  T,  Orgill, et al	Journal of wound, ostomy, and continence nursing : official publication of The Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nurses Society	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Factors related to asymptomatic or severe COVID-19 infection	Mayoral,  EPC,  Hernández-Huerta, et al	Medical hypotheses	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Special review: COVID-19 in east Asia: Impacts and response#	Menon,  J	Thailand and the World Economy	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
COVID 19 and liver: An A–Z literature review	Metawea,  MI,  Yousif, et al	Digestive and Liver Disease	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
SARS-CoV-2: From structure to pathology, host immune response and therapeutic management	Mihaescu,  G,  Chifiriuc, et al	Microorganisms	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Diabetes mellitus increases the risk of hospital mortality in patients with Covid-19: Systematic review with meta-analysis	Miller,  LE,  Bhattacharyya, et al	Medicine (Baltimore)	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	SR-MA: systematic review of peer-reviewed literature published through March 31, 2020.  In a meta-analysis of hospitalized patients in China with a diagnosis of Covid-19, the mortality rate was 9.9% and a higher diabetes mellitus prevalence was independently associated with a worse prognosis.
A systematic review of COVID-19 and obstructive sleep apnoea	Miller,  MA,  Cappuccio, et al	Sleep Medicine Reviews	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	SR:  PubMed was systematically searched up to 02/06/20.  The findings from this study suggest that many of the risk factors and co-morbidities associated for OSA which include obesity, hypertension and diabetes mellitus are associated with poor COVID-19 outcomes.
Intensive care admission rate due to COVID-2109	Mohammadi,  M,  Sasaa, et al	International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
PMC7533045; COVID-19 and multiorgan failure: A narrative review on potential mechanisms	Mokhtari,  T,  Hassani, et al	J Mol Histol	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Thromboembolic disease in COVID-19 patients: A brief narrative review	Mondal,  S,  Quintili, et al	Journal of Intensive Care	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
PMC7505852; anti-HCoV: A web resource to collect natural compounds against human coronaviruses	Monticolo,  F,  Palomba, et al	Trends Food Sci Technol	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Worldwide spread of COVID-19 pandemic and risk factors among co-morbid conditions especially diabetes mellitus in India	Mor,  S,  Saini, et al	Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
32971147; The emergence of COVID-19 as a global pandemic: Understanding the epidemiology, immune response and potential therapeutic targets of SARS-CoV-2	Muralidar,  S,  Ambi, et al	Biochimie	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Medical Imaging and Computational Image Analysis in COVID-19 Diagnosis: A Review	Nabavi,  Shahabedin,  Ejmalian, et al	arXiv	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Title: SARS-CoV-2 Induced Coagulopathy and Potential Role of Anticoagulation: Scoping Review of Literature	Naseem,  Zehra,  Khakwani, et al	SSRN- Lancet prepublication	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	ScR:
Role of a Pediatric Cardiologist in the COVID-19 Pandemic	Niaz,  T,  Hope, et al	Pediatr Cardiol	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Data-driven Operation of the Resilient Electric Grid: A Case of COVID-19	Noorazar,  Hossein,  Srivastava, et al	arXiv	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Endothelial cell contributions to COVID-19	Oxford,  AE,  Halla, et al	Pathogens	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
32965402; Mental health of healthcare professionals in China during the new coronavirus pandemic: an integrative review	Paiano,  M,  Jaques, et al	Revista brasileira de enfermagem	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Tracking tourism and hospitality employees’ real-time perceptions and emotions in an online community during the COVID-19 pandemic	Park,  E,  Kim, et al	Current Issues in Tourism	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Inflammation, pyroptosis and its possible relation to the physiopathology of covid-19	Pedreáñez,  A,  Mosquera, et al	Investigacion Clinica (Venezuela)	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
COVID-19 related coagulopathy: what is known up to now	Pena,  ALB,  Oliveira, et al	Curr Med Chem	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
The transmission modes and sources of COVID-19: A systematic review	Rahman,  HS,  Aziz, et al	International Journal of Surgery Open	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	SR: PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, bioRxiv, medRxiv, and chemRxiv were searched. Based on the published report, it is concluded that COVID-19 is primarily transmitted human-to-human via oral and respiratory aerosols and droplets with the virus-contaminated environment play a lesser role in the propagation of disease.
Potential repurposing of drugs with anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity in preclinical trials: a systematic review	Rocha,  YM,  de Moura, et al	Curr Med Chem	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	SR:  it was observed that the antiviral drugs Entricitabine and Tenofovir display potential therapeutic efficacy in preclinical studies. Therefore, in silico analyses were considered a potential tool for predicting the effectiveness of drugs, mainly as an effective approach to encourage a complementary in vitro and in vivo antiviral evaluation.
COVID-19 and disruption in management and education academics: Bibliometric mapping and analysis	Rodrigues,  M,  Franco, et al	Sustainability (Switzerland)	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Peritoneal Dialysis Is an Option for Acute Kidney Injury Management in Patients with COVID-19	Rodríguez-Chagolla,  JM,  Vásquez Jiménez, et al	Blood Purif	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Treatment of COVID-19 in peru and bolivia, and self-medication risks	Román,  BR,  Moscoso, et al	Revista Cubana de Farmacia	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Update on antimalarials and systemic lupus erythematosus	Ruiz-Irastorza,  G,  Martín-Iglesias, et al	Curr Opin Rheumatol	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
A systematic review of the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of physicians, health workers, and the general population about Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)	Saadatjoo,  Saeede,  Miri, et al	medRxiv	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	SR: PubMed/LitCovid, Scopus, and Web of Sciences databases for papers in the English language only, up to 1 Jul 2020. This systematic review showed that the overall KAP components in the included studies were at an acceptable level.
32979360; Mesenchymal stem cell therapies for COVID-19: Current status and mechanism of action	Sadeghi,  S,  Soudi, et al	Life Sciences	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
A gendered magnifying glass on COVID-19	Salvati,  L,  Biagioni, et al	Clinical and Molecular Allergy	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Pharmaconutrition in the clinical management of COVID-19: A lack of evidence-based research but clues to personalized prescription	Santos,  HO,  Tinsley, et al	Journal of Personalized Medicine	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
32972177; Distanční léčba diabetu: Co mohou pacient, lékař a sestra zvládnout na dálku?	Saudek,  F,  Picková, et al	Vnitrni lekarstvi	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Technological transformation, culinary tourism and stakeholder engagement: emerging trends from a systematic literature review	Schimperna,  F,  Lombardi, et al	Journal of Place Management and Development	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	SR
PMC7518973; One Health in the context of coronavirus outbreaks: A systematic literature review	Schmiege,  D,  Perez Arredondo, et al	One Health	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	SR:  Google Scholar, JStor, PubMed, Science Direct, Springer Link, Taylor and Francis Online, Web of Science, and Wiley Online Library were searched. This study showed that by moving beyond the classical OH approach and its actions towards a more extended understanding, OH can unfold its entire capacity thereby improving preparedness and mitigating the impacts of the next outbreak.
How to screen and diagnose deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in patients hospitalized for or suspected of COVID-19 infection, outside the intensive care units	Sebuhyan,  M,  Mirailles, et al	JMV-Journal de Medecine Vasculaire	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Reorienting nurturing care for early childhood development during the covid-19 pandemic in kenya: A review	Shumba,  C,  Maina, et al	International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
32965398; Cloth masks as respiratory protections in the COVID-19 pandemic period: evidence gaps	Silva,  ACOE,  Almeida, et al	Revista brasileira de enfermagem	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
32965399; Allocation of resources for health care in COVID-19 pandemic times: integrative review	Silva,  KRD,  Souza, et al	Revista brasileira de enfermagem	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
2020 update on the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system in pediatric kidney disease and its interactions with coronavirus	Simões e Silva,  AC,  Lanza, et al	Pediatric Nephrology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
A comparative analysis of remdesivir and other repurposed antivirals against SARS-CoV-2	Simonis,  A,  Theobald, et al	EMBO Mol Med	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
32946986; COVID-19 and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: A systematic review and meta-analysis	Singh,  S,  Fong, et al	Resuscitation	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	SR-MA: PubMed/Medline, Web of Science and SCOPUS search until July 15th, 2020. In this meta-analysis, we found that there were nearly two times higher odds of admissions with OHCA in the COVID-19 pandemic period compared to the pre-pandemic period of 2019.
Unfolding covid-19: Lessons-in-learning in ophthalmology	Sitaula,  RK,  Khatri, et al	Clinical Ophthalmology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	ScR: from December 2019 till April 2020. Conjunctivitis can be the presenting manifestation but may go unnoticed due to its mild nature. The ocular surface could serve as the entry gateway for the virus and ocular secretions could play a role in virus shed.
Prospects of nanomaterials-enabled biosensors for COVID-19 detection	Srivastava,  M,  Srivastava, et al	Science of the Total Environment	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Soil pathogens that may potentially cause pandemics, including severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronaviruses	Steffan,  JJ,  Derby, et al	Current Opinion in Environmental Science and Health	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Hypotheses about sub-optimal hydration in the weeks before coronavirus disease (COVID-19) as a risk factor for dying from COVID-19	Stookey,  JD,  Allu, et al	Medical hypotheses	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Dental Education in the Time of SARS-CoV-2	Sukumar,  S,  Dracopoulos, et al	Eur J Dent Educ	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Headache in Patients With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection: A Narrative Review	Tolebeyan,  AS,  Zhang, et al	Headache	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Preoperative Preparation and Operating Room Management of the Patients Who Have Confirmed or Suspected COVID-19 Infection	Türe,  H,  Çelebi, et al	Anestezi Dergisi	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Time of Stroke Onset in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients Around the Globe: A Systematic Review and Analysis	Valencia-Enciso,  N,  Ortiz-Pereira, et al	Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	SR: systematic review of the available literature was conducted using Pubmed and Scopus. There is a trend between the severity of Coronavirus disease 2019 and time to stroke onset. Also, age and stroke severity were found to be related to the development of large vessel occlusion.
Additional cost in personal protective equipment to NHS services during COVID-19: a review of the expense incurred by Aneurin Bevan Healthboards Maxillofacial unit over a one-year period to meet current clinical guidelines	Walters,  W,  Collins, et al	British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
COVID-19 Vaccine Research and Development: Ethical Issues	Wibawa,  T	Trop Med Int Health	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Remdesivir for Adults With COVID-19 : A Living Systematic Review for an American College of Physicians Practice Points	Wilt,  TJ,  Kaka, et al	Ann Intern Med	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	SR: searched MEDLINE; Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL); World Health Organization (WHO) COVID-19 Database; National Institutes of Health (NIH) COVID-19 iSearch portfolio; ClinicalTrials.gov; tables of contents of the JAMA Network, The Lancet, and the New England Journal of Medicine; and FDA and company websites from 1 January through 31 August 2020. In hospitalized adults with COVID-19, remdesivir probably improves recovery and reduces serious adverse events and may reduce mortality and time to clinical improvement. For adults not receiving mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, a 5-day course of remdesivir may provide similar benefits to and fewer harms than a 10-day course.
32963703; Hydrogen: A Novel Option in Human Disease Treatment	Yang,  M,  Dong, et al	Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Towards a dialogic approach: Crisis communications and public reactions in the world’s most densely populated city to tackle covid-19	Yuncg,  JQX,  Cheong, et al	Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Renin Angiotensin System Inhibition and Susceptibility and Outcomes from COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of 69,200 COVID-19 Patients	Zhang,  Yi,  Yu, et al	medRxiv	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	SR-MA: PubMed, Web of Science, OVID Embase, Scopus, MedRxiv, BioRxiv, searched from Jan 1st, 2020 to July 20th, 2020.  In the most comprehensive analysis of all available data to date, treatment with RAS inhibitors was not associated with increased risk of infection, severity of disease, or mortality due to COVID-19. The best available evidence suggests that these treatments should not be discontinued on the basis of concern about risk associated with COVID-19.
Implications of COVID-19 for the electricity industry: A comprehensive review	Zhong,  H,  Tan, et al	CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Stay at (which) home: second homes during and after the COVID-19 pandemic	Zoğal,  V,  Domènech, et al	Journal of Tourism Futures	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Exclusion of Older Adults in COVID-19 Clinical Trials	Abi Jaoude,  J,  Kouzy, et al	Mayo Clinic proceedings	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Ready or Not: Pivoting to Video Visits with Homebound Older Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic	Abrashkin,  KA,  Poku, et al	J Am Geriatr Soc	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19: shifting paradigms	Ackerly,  BA,  Friedman, et al	International Feminist Journal of Politics	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Human resources and patient rights during COVID-19 pandemic in Iran	Adeli,  S,  Heidari, et al	Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
How COVID 19 effect Malaysian paddy industry? Adoption of green fertilizer a potential resolution	Adnan,  N,  Nordin, et al	Environment, Development and Sustainability	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
SELECTION 1: Love and solidarity in the time of Covid-19	Afzal-Khan,  F	Journal of International Women's Studies	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Modeling of Covid-19 Pandemic in Cyprus	Agapiou,  Sergios,  Anastasiou, et al	arXiv	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
About the parallels between COVID-19 and some types of porphyria	Aguilar-Galindo,  ÓM	Gaceta Medica de Bilbao	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
More eyes on COVID-19: Perspectives from economics. The economic costs of the pandemic – and its response	Ajam,  T	South African Journal of Science	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Small business awareness and adoption of state-of-the-art technologies in emerging and developing markets, and lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic	Akpan,  IJ,  Udoh, et al	Journal of Small Business and Entrepreneurship	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Hypothesis: The electrical properties of coronavirus	Al Sarkhi,  AK	Electromagn Biol Med	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32492206; Understanding the possible origin and genotyping of the first Bangladeshi SARS-CoV-2 strain	Alam,  ASMRU,  Islam, et al	Journal of medical virology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Editorial: Root causes and policy dilemmas of the COVID-19 pandemic global disaster	Alcántara-Ayala,  I,  Burton, et al	International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Bônus demográfico no Brasil: Do nascimento tardio à morte precoce pela COVID-19	Alves,  JED	Revista Brasileira de Estudos de Populacao	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Susceptibility of abo system for infection of COVID-19	Alzamily,  IA,  Fadhil, et al	International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
PMC7522036; Note: Mayday, Mayday, Mayday! Responding to environmental shocks: Insights on global airlines' responses to COVID-19	Amankwah-Amoah,  J	Transp Res E Logist Transp Rev	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Chronic Zoom Syndrome: emergence of an insidious and debilitating mental health disorder during COVID-19	Anderson,  K,  Looi, et al	Australas Psychiatry	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Women’s Rights and the Feminists’ “Dirty Plans”: Media Discourses During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Russia	Andreeva,  A,  Drozhashchikh, et al	Affilia - Journal of Women and Social Work	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32916369; Publish or Perish? Publish and Perish? Global Neurosurgery in the COVID-19 Pandemic Era	Andrews,  RJ	World Neurosurgery	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Adverse events in coronavirus disease patients management: A pictorial essay	Angileri,  SA,  Petrillo, et al	Journal of Clinical Imaging Science	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Comorbidities and the COVID-19 Pandemic Dynamics in Africa	Anjorin,  AA,  Abioye, et al	Trop Med Int Health	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
PMC7532946; Biologics in systemic autoimmune diseases during COVID-19 pandemic	Annapureddy,  N,  Nalleballe, et al	Clin Rheumatol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Canadian reflections on the Covid-19 pandemic in social work education: from tsunami to innovation	Archer-Kuhn,  B,  Ayala, et al	Social Work Education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
GLUT1 and COVID-19 deficiency syndrome	Arrieta Blanco,  F,  Bélanger Quintana, et al	Endocrinologia, Diabetes y Nutricion	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Identity and Identification During and After the Pandemic: How Might COVID-19 Change the Research Questions we Ask?	Ashforth,  BE	Journal of Management Studies	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The legs matter campaign: Reflections on COVID-19 and ‘get loud for legs'	Atkin,  L,  Goodwin, et al	Wounds UK	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
What people believe is a lot less important than that they believe it	Auerbach,  J	South African Journal of Science	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Consequences of calamities and their management: The case of COVID-19 pandemic and flooding on inland capture fisheries in Kenya	Aura,  CM,  Nyamweya, et al	Journal of Great Lakes Research	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 and food security in Sub-Saharan Africa: implications of lockdown during agricultural planting seasons	Ayanlade,  A,  Radeny, et al	npj Science of Food	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Courage in the Time of Covid-19: Amazon Warehouse, May Day 2020	Bacon,  D	New Labor Forum	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Updated guidance on the management of COVID-19: from an American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society coordinated International Task Force (29 July 2020)	Bai,  C,  Chotirmall, et al	Eur Respir Rev	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Domestic Violence Amid COVID-19 Pandemic: Pakistan's Perspective	Baig,  MAM,  Ali, et al	Asia Pac J Public Health	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Sexuality, sexual well being, and intimacy during COVID-19 pandemic: An advocacy perspective	Banerjee,  D,  Rao, et al	Indian Journal of Psychiatry	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Institutional preparedness strategies for heart failure, durable left ventricular assist device, and heart transplant patients during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic	Bansal,  A,  Goldstein, et al	Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Quarantined democracies: Policy responses to the cOVID-19 and the future of democracy	Barbeito Iglesias,  RL,  Iglesias Alonso, et al	Revista Espanola de Sociologia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The most powerful health-promoting forces in COVID-19 are social	Benatar,  S	South African Journal of Science	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Awad WI FRCS(C/Th), Idhrees M FAIS, Kennon S FRCP, Bashir M MRCS. Coronary artery bypass grafting surgery versus percutaneous coronary intervention: What is the clinical decision framework amid COVID-19 era. Journal of Cardiac Surgery	Benetti,  FJ	Journal of cardiac surgery	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
EXPRESS: Faecal immunochemical tests in the COVID-19 pandemic; safety-netting of patients with symptoms and low faecal haemoglobin concentration â can a repeat test be used?	Benton,  SC,  Fraser, et al	Ann Clin Biochem	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Role of Telemedicine for Facio-Odontogenic Pain Management During COVID-19 Pandemic	Bhushan,  K,  Kulkarni, et al	Journal of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Framing the Predicted Impacts of Covid-19 Prophylactic Measures in Terms of Lives Saved Rather than Deaths is More Effective for Older People	Biroli,  Pietro,  Bosworth, et al	SSRN- Lancet prepublication	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Development of guidelines for the referral of diabetic problem wounds for hyperbaric oxygen therapy	Bishop,  AJ	Wounds UK	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Vitamin D AND COVID-19: It is time to act	Bleizgys,  A	Int J Clin Pract	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Pandemic ponderings, 30 years to today: synchronous signals, saviors, or survivors?	Bonk,  CJ	Distance Education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Venous Thromboembolism in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19 Receiving Prophylactic Anticoagulation	Boonyasai,  RT,  Murthy, et al	Mayo Clinic proceedings	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32919938; Macrophage responses associated with COVID-19: A pharmacological perspective	Booz,  GW,  Altara, et al	European journal of pharmacology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The Covid-19 economic crisis: dangerously unique	Borio,  C	Business Economics	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
South African competition policy on excessive pricing and its relation to price gouging during the COVID-19 disaster period	Boshoff,  WH	South African Journal of Economics	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Penser l'après-Covid-19	Bouix-Picasso,  J	Revue de l'infirmiere	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Power of and power over COVID-19 response guidelines	Bozorgmehr,  Kayvan	The Lancet	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Leisure and COVID-19 in Brazil: brief impressions	Bramante,  AC	World Leisure Journal	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32779817; Clinical and histopathological findings of cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19 patients	Brandão,  MGSA,  Barros, et al	Dermatologic Therapy	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Is Toll-like receptor 4 involved in the severity of COVID-19 pathology in patients with cardiometabolic comorbidities?	Brandão,  SCS,  Ramos, et al	Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Reflecting on nursing practice during the COVID-19 pandemic	Brindley,  J	Nurs Stand	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
PMC7510426; COVID-19 in South Africa	Broadbent,  A,  Combrink, et al	Glob Epidemiol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Does culture matter during a pandemic? An approach to the Spanish crisis of the cOVID-19	Bruna,  F,  Massó, et al	Revista Espanola de Sociologia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Utilizing Pharmacists to Optimize Medication Management Strategies During the COVID-19 Pandemic	Burgess,  LH,  Cooper, et al	J Pharm Pract	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
the cOVID-19 shows problems of the social reality of work	Calavia,  MÁG	Revista Espanola de Sociologia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Introduction to the controversy: Social impacts of the COVID-19: A new challenge for sociology	Calavia,  MÁG,  Cárdenas, et al	Revista Espanola de Sociologia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Antiviral monotherapy for hospitalised patients with COVID-19 is not enough	Cao,  Bin,  Hayden, et al	The Lancet	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Occupying New Spaces: the “Digital Turn” of Afro-Brazilian Religions During the Covid-19 Outbreak	Capponi,  G,  Carneiro Araújo, et al	International Journal of Latin American Religions	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
business elites and inequality in times of pandemic in Latin America	Cárdenas,  J,  Robles-Rivera, et al	Revista Espanola de Sociologia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Appropriateness of intensive care treatments near the end of life during the covid-19 pandemic	Cardona,  M,  Anstey, et al	Breathe	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
How scientific reasoning correlates with health-related beliefs and behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic?	Čavojová,  V,  Šrol, et al	J Health Psychol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Employee engagement practices during COVID-19 lockdown	Chanana,  N,  Sangeeta	Journal of Public Affairs	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Herding behaviour in energy stock markets during the Global Financial Crisis, SARS, and ongoing COVID-19*	Chang,  CL,  McAleer, et al	Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic scenario in Africa: What should be done to address the needs of pregnant women?	Charles,  CM,  Modey Amoah, et al	Int J Gynaecol Obstet	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Authors' responses to the comments on 'Attitude, practice, behavior, and mental health impact of COVID-19 on doctors'	Chatterjee,  S,  Bhattacharyya, et al	Indian Journal of Psychiatry	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 Pandemic	Chen,  C	International surgery	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Act Early to Prevent Infections and Save Lives: Causal Impact of Diagnostic Efficiency on the Covid-19 Pandemic	Chen,  Simiao,  Jin, et al	SSRN- Lancet prepublication	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Acupuncture for corona virus disease 2019: A protocol for systematic review and meta analysis	Chen,  Y,  Zhu, et al	Medicine (Baltimore)	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Integrative Medicine Demonstrates Advantage in COVID-19 Treatment	Cheng,  YC	Chin J Integr Med	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The emerging public health risk of extended electronic device use during the COVID-19 pandemic	Chetty,  V,  Munsamy, et al	South African Journal of Science	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Academic caring pedagogy, presence, and Communitas in nursing education during the COVID-19 pandemic	Christopher,  R,  de Tantillo, et al	Nursing outlook	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32856721; Tocilizumab—A beacon of hope in the management of severe COVID-19?	Christou,  S,  Mohamed, et al	Journal of medical virology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Thoughts about “other” patients’ rights during COVID-19 pandemic	Chrysikos,  D,  Zografos, et al	Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Les étudiants infirmiers au cœur de la crise de la Covid-19	Clavagnier,  I	Revue de l'infirmiere	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Librarians’ Response During COVID-19	Coghill,  JG,  Sewell, et al	Journal of Electronic Resources in Medical Libraries	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Contributing factors to personal protective equipment shortages during the COVID-19 pandemic	Cohen,  J,  van der Meulen Rodgers, et al	Prev Med	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
A Web Resource for Exploring the CORD-19 Dataset Using Root- and Rule-Based Phrases	Collard,  J,  Bhat, et al	Journal of the Indian Institute of Science	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Building readiness plan for SARS-CoV-2	Conlan,  WH	ASHRAE Journal	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Coronavirus-19 (SARS-CoV-2) induces acute severe lung inflammation via IL-1 causing cytokine storm in COVID-19: a promising inhibitory strategy	Conti,  P,  Caraffa, et al	J Biol Regul Homeost Agents	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Long-term care ips are 'heroes' of the COVID-19 pandemic	Coons,  S	Hospital Infection Control and Prevention	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Authors' reply to: Comment to better understanding of the study "Clinical characteristics and prognostic factors in COVID-19 patients aged ≥80 years"	Covino,  M,  De Matteis, et al	Geriatr Gerontol Int	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 as a breakdown in the texture of social practices	Cozza,  M,  Gherardi, et al	Gender, Work and Organization	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Nickel-Catalyzed Asymmetric Synthesis of α-Arylbenzamides	Cuesta-Galisteo,  S,  Schörgenhumer, et al	Angew Chem Int Ed Engl	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Using ecmo VV in the COVID-19 pandemic	Czekajlo,  M,  Dabrowski, et al	Disaster and Emergency Medicine Journal	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Electrical energy consumption and the energy market in Poland during the COVID-19 pandemic	Czosnyka,  M,  Wnukowska, et al		Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Is androgen deprivation therapy protective against SARS-CoV-2 infection and related complications in prostate cancer patients?	Dalla Volta,  A,  Valcamonico, et al	Minerva Urol Nefrol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 and Employment: Insights from the Sub-Saharan African Experience	Danquah,  M,  Schotte, et al	Indian Journal of Labour Economics	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Apps, maps and war rooms: on the modes of existence of “COVtech” in India	Datta,  A,  Aditi, et al	Urban Geography	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The post-pandemic of COVID-19, an opportunity for education in health sciences	de Alegría,  BR,  de Gauna, et al	Gaceta Medica de Bilbao	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Thinking about leisure during a global pandemic	de la Barre,  S,  Stone, et al	World Leisure Journal	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19. Its impact in ophthalmology	de la Colina,  JD,  Osa, et al	Gaceta Medica de Bilbao	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32942036; What can we learn from rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease related to anti-MDA5 dermatomyositis in the management of COVID-19?	De Lorenzis,  E,  Natalello, et al	Autoimmunity Reviews	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32961274; Vaccines for COVID-19: perspectives from nucleic acid vaccines to BCG as delivery vector system	de Queiroz,  NMGP,  Marinho, et al	Microbes and Infection	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Revising our attitudes towards agonist medications and their diversion in a time of pandemic	del Pozo,  B,  Rich, et al	Journal of substance abuse treatment	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Obstetric Healthcare Workers' Adherence to Hand Hygiene Recommendations during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Observations and Social-Cognitive Determinants	Derksen,  C,  Keller, et al	Appl Psychol Health Well Being	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Trials and tribulations of coronavirus disease-2019 research: with a few bright lights in the fog	Di Pasquale,  G,  Maggioni, et al	J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown)	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Quercetin Phytosome® as a potential drug for Covid-19	Di Pierro,  F,  Khan, et al	Minerva Gastroenterol Dietol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32965012; Nutraceuticals as immune-stimulating therapy to fight COVID-19. Combination of elements to improve the efficacy	Di Stadio,  A,  Ishai, et al	European review for medical and pharmacological sciences	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The Covid-19: The great opportunity to think and create better future societies	Díaz,  JAR	Revista Espanola de Sociologia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Did you already know...?: SARS-CoV-2 can attack the nervous system	Diener,  HC	Medizinische Monatsschrift fur Pharmazeuten	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Myoclonus and Cerebellar Ataxia Following COVID-19	Dijkstra,  F,  Van den Bossche, et al	Movement Disorders Clinical Practice	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Why misinterpretation of electron micrographs in SARS-CoV-2-infected tissue goes viral	Dittmayer,  Carsten,  Meinhardt, et al	The Lancet	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
How History of Medicine Helps Us Understand COVID-19 Challenges	Dolan,  B,  Rutherford, et al	Public Health Rep	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
A framework for student-led education conferences	Dominic,  C,  Bhalla, et al	Clin Teach	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32721252; Eosinophil-Derived Neurotoxin and Respiratory Tract Infection and Inflammation: Implications for COVID-19 Management	Dosanjh,  A	Journal of interferon & cytokine research : the official journal of the International Society for Interferon and Cytokine Research	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Quality Assurance Through Standard Operating Procedures Development and Deviation: A Medicolegal Death Investigation Systems Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic	Drake,  SA,  Pierce, et al	J Forensic Nurs	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 vaccine: A global race	Earar,  K,  Atudorei, et al	Revista de Chimie	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Introduction for this Issue's Commentaries: Asthma, COVID-19, and the Future	Eid,  NS	Pediatric, Allergy, Immunology, and Pulmonology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Food security and safety concerns in animal production and public health issues in Africa: A perspective of COVID-19 pandemic era	Ejeromedoghene,  O,  Tesi, et al	Ethics, Medicine and Public Health	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Trends and Outcomes of Fibrinolytic Therapy for STEMI: Insights and Reflections in the COVID-19 Era	Elbadawi,  A,  Mahtta, et al	JACC: Cardiovascular Interventions	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Data in the time of COVID-19: A general methodology to select and secure a NoSQL DBMS for medical data	ElDahshan,  KA,  AlHabshy, et al	PeerJ Computer Science	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32975183; Peer Review Week 2020: Eurosurveillance thanks all COVID-19 reviewers for their amazing work	Eurosurveillance editorial,  team	Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Balancing the psychological impacts of covid-19	Fahey,  J	Australian Journal of Herbal and Naturopathic Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The Epidemiology of COVID-19 in the Gansu and Jinlin Provinces, China	Fan,  J,  Hambly, et al	Frontiers in Public Health	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The challenges of personal protective equipment induced skin damage during covid-19: Two perspectives, one mission	Fisher,  P,  Tyrer, et al	Wounds UK	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Physiotherapy after COVID-19-"Zoom or room"	Flannery,  T,  Bladen, et al	Haemophilia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Learning from COVID-19: Developing a more efficient tissue viability service	Fletcher,  J,  Atkin, et al	Wounds UK	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Mortality from COVID-19: are we getting closer to the true value?	Fonzo,  M,  Bertoncello, et al	Pathog Glob Health	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
An introduction in two parts: Three months of the global Covid-19 pandemic: A selection of liberatory, anti-racist, feminist webinars, panels and interviews	Fox,  DJ,  Afzal-Khan, et al	Journal of International Women's Studies	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Catch me if you can: SARS-CoV-2 detection in brains of deceased patients with COVID-19	Frank,  Stephan	The Lancet Neurology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Gynecologic oncology care during the COVID-19 pandemic at three affiliated New York City hospitals	Frey,  MK,  Fowlkes, et al	Gynecologic oncology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Sociocultural, behavioural and political factors shaping the COVID-19 pandemic: the need for a biocultural approach to understanding pandemics and (re)emerging pathogens	Friedler,  A	Glob Public Health	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The 11th Trial of a Cardiovascular Clinical Trialist-Coronavirus-2, Part 3	Frishman,  WH	Cardiol Rev	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Personal protective equipment against COVID-19: Vital for surgeons, harmful for patients?	Frountzas,  M,  Nikolaou, et al	American Journal of Surgery	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The challenge of linking with the environment in times of pandemic covid-19	Gallardo,  FA	Ciencia y Enfermeria	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19: the deadly threat of misinformation	Galvão,  Jane	The Lancet Infectious Diseases	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32976855; Statins, COVID-19, and coronary artery disease: killing two birds with one stone	Ganjali,  S,  Bianconi, et al	Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Initial Impacts of COVID-19 on Transportation Systems: A Case Study of the U.S. Epicenter, the New York Metropolitan Area	Gao,  Jingqin,  Bernardes, et al	arXiv	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Transportation Systems in New York City and Seattle, USA	Gao,  Jingqin,  Wang, et al	arXiv	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Covid-19 and social reflexivity. How the outbreak of a pathogen is affecting our everyday life	García,  RD,  Belli, et al	Revista Espanola de Sociologia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Otley leg clubs response to COVID-19	Gardner,  S,  Rooney, et al	Wounds UK	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Adaptation of Coronavirus (COVID-19) protocols to a Parisian maternity unit during the 2020 pandemic: A managerial perspective	Ghanchi,  A	Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
SARS-CoV-2 and the Possible Role of Raf/MEK/ERK Pathway in Viral Survival: Is This a Potential Therapeutic Strategy for COVID-19?	Ghasemnejad-Berenji,  M,  Pashapour, et al	Pharmacology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The calm after the storm: re-starting ART treatments safely in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic	Gianaroli,  L,  Ata, et al	Hum Reprod	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Reference ontology and database annotation of the COVID-19 Open Research Dataset (CORD-19)	Giles,  Oliver,  Huntley, et al	bioRxiv	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
What role can health policy and systems research play in supporting responses to COVID-19 that strengthen socially just health systems?	Gilson,  L,  Marchal, et al	Health Policy Plan	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The Need for Sustainable Teleconsultation Systems in the Aftermath of the First COVID-19 Wave	Giunti,  G,  Goossens, et al	J Med Internet Res	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Anticipating and managing coagulopathy and thrombotic manifestations of severe COVID-19	Godoy,  LC,  Goligher, et al	Cmaj	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Pharmacovigilance in the times of COVID-19	Gómez,  CA,  García, et al	Gaceta Medica de Bilbao	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Silent Cries, Intensify the Pain of the Life That Is Ending: The COVID-19 Is Robbing Families of the Chance to Say a Final Goodbye	Gonçalves Júnior,  J,  Moreira, et al	Frontiers in Psychiatry	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Statement from the National Council of Juvenile and Family Court Judges Regarding Safe Courts and Access to Justice During COVID-19	Gonzalez,  HRA	Juvenile and Family Court Journal	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32970028; Response to COVID-19: Cutting-Edge Methods for Delivering Expert WOC Care Telehealth, Telemedicine, and Complementary Models	Gray,  M	Journal of wound, ostomy, and continence nursing : official publication of The Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nurses Society	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Critical self-reflection for nurse educators: Now more than ever!	Grech,  J	Teaching and Learning in Nursing	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Come comunicare con i familiari dei pazienti in completo isolamento durante la pandemia da SARS-CoV-2	Gristina,  GR	Recenti progressi in medicina	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32961360; COVID-19 hits a trial: Arguments against hastily deviating from the plan	Großhennig,  A,  Koch, et al	Contemporary Clinical Trials	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
State of mental health services in various training centers in India during the lockdown and COVID-19 pandemic	Grover,  S,  Mehra, et al	Indian Journal of Psychiatry	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The sanction system against Covid-19: Constitutional profiles	Gualtieri,  M	Archivio Penale	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Moderate Fever Cycles as a Potential Mechanism to Protect the Respiratory System in COVID-19 Patients	Guihur,  A,  Rebeaud, et al	Frontiers in Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
PMC7516469; A decision support system for scheduling the shifts of physicians during COVID-19 pandemic	Güler,  MG,  Geçici, et al	Comput Ind Eng	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Bartering as a Blind Spot: A Call to Action from COVID-19	Gunia,  BC,  Lewicki, et al	Negotiation Journal	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Vertical Data Mining from Relational Data and Its Application to COVID-19 Data	Gupta,  P,  Hoi, et al		Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Ethical Convergence and Ethical Possibilities: The Implications of New Materialism for Understanding the Molecular Turn in HIV, the Response to COVID-19, and the Future of Bioethics	Guta,  A,  Gagnon, et al	American Journal of Bioethics	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
El instituto de medicina tropical ¨pedro kourí¨, ipk, en el enfrentamiento a la covid-19	Guzmán,  MG	Revista cubana de medicina tropical	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Apuntes sobre la experiencia cubana en el enfrentamiento a la COVID-19	Guzmán,  MG,  Resik, et al	Revista cubana de medicina tropical	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Alveolar air leakage in COVID-19 patients: Pneumomediastinum and/or pneumopericardium	Hamad,  AMM,  Elmahrouk, et al	Heart and Lung	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 and global oil markets	Hanieh,  A	Canadian Journal of Development Studies	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32958624; Obesity and covid-19 severity in a designated hospital in shenzhen, china. Diabetes care 2020;43:1392–1398	He,  Z,  Li, et al	Diabetes care	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 and the academe in South Africa: Not business as usual	Hedding,  DW,  Greve, et al	South African Journal of Science	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Patient care in the COVID-19 era calls for enhanced communication, education	Hennessy,  M	Drug Topics	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Forging ahead in the COVID-19 era	Hennessy,  M,  S	ONCOLOGY (United States)	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
PMC7472719 www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=L20-1054; Update Alert 2: Hydroxychloroquine or Chloroquine for the Treatment or Prophylaxis of COVID-19	Hernandez,  AV,  Roman, et al	Ann Intern Med	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Rethinking international subsidy rules	Hoekman,  B,  Nelson, et al	World Economy	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Towards a seamful ethics of Covid-19 contact tracing apps?	Hoffman,  AS,  Jacobs, et al	Ethics and Information Technology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
PMC7295512; Fostering compassion and reducing burnout: How can health system leaders respond in the Covid-19 pandemic and beyond?	Hofmeyer,  A,  Taylor, et al	Nurse Educ Today	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
PMC7295457; Knowledge for nurses to better care for themselves so they can better care for others during the Covid-19 pandemic and beyond	Hofmeyer,  A,  Taylor, et al	Nurse Educ Today	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Current State of Mass Vaccination Preparedness and Operational Challenges in the United States, 2018-2019	Hosangadi,  D,  Shearer, et al	Health Secur	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Bed-sided short-duration Renal Replacement Therapy provide a possible option to treat Non-critical COVID-19 in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients in public health crisis	Hu,  Y,  Tu, et al	Ther Apher Dial	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Verschillende soorten vaccins	Huckriede,  ALW	Nederlands tijdschrift voor geneeskunde	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Preparation for COVID-19: lessons from simulation	Huda,  T,  Greig, et al	Clin Teach	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Role of testosterone in COVID-19 patients – A double-edged sword?	Hussain,  AN,  Hussain, et al	Medical hypotheses	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Covid-19 systemic infection exacerbates pre-existing acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM)	Hussein,  O,  Abd Elazim, et al	Journal of neuroimmunology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
In the business and politics of medicine, the time to lead is now, but how?	Iannacone,  E,  Gaudino, et al	Journal of cardiac surgery	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The role of culture on 2020 SARS-CoV-2 Country deaths: a pandemic management based on cultural dimensions	Ibanez,  A,  Sisodia, et al	GeoJournal	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Optimal therapeutic strategy using extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in patients with COVID-19	Imamura,  T,  Nikhil, et al	Journal of cardiac surgery	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Beliefs About COVID-19 of Elderly Residents in Rural Bangladesh	Islam,  MN,  Zaman, et al	Asia Pac J Public Health	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Possibility to create a coronavirus sensor using an optically excited electrical signal	Ivanov,  Ognyan,  Todorov, et al	arXiv	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Virtual postgraduate orthopaedic practical examination: a pilot model	Iyengar,  KP,  Jain, et al	Postgrad Med J	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Red lines or staffing definition in nursing	Jahn,  P	Onkologe	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
From COVID-19 to COVID-20: one virus, two diseases	James,  JJ	Disaster Med Public Health Prep	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Schools as organisations and the science of re-opening	Jansen,  J	South African Journal of Science	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Re:Can the summer temperature reduce COVID-19 cases?	Jin,  K,  Min, et al	Public health	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Déjà Vu All over Again	Jokerst,  CE,  Panse, et al	Clinical Pulmonary Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Essential surgery during the covid 19 pandemic: The implementation of a pre-operative universal covid testing program	Jou,  J,  Waterman, et al	American Journal of Surgery	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
From top scientist to science media star during COVID-19 – South Africa’s Salim Abdool Karim	Joubert,  M	South African Journal of Science	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Not all viruses in nature are human enemies: A perspective on aquatic virus ecology in Brazil	Junger,  PC,  Almeida, et al	Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32965375; The experience with volunteer and collaborative work in mental health and psychosocial care during the COVID-19 pandemic	Kabad,  JF,  Noal, et al	Cadernos de saude publica	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
In Conversation with a Frontline Worker in a Care Home in Sweden during the COVID-19 Pandemic	Kabir,  ZN,  Boström, et al	J Cross Cult Gerontol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Increasing Medical Student Engagement Through Virtual Rotations in Radiation Oncology	Kahn,  JM,  Fields, et al	Advances in Radiation Oncology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
A multicentre audit of COVID-19 intubations in New South Wales metropolitan hospitals	Kalogeropoulos,  G,  Shirvington, et al	Anaesth Intensive Care	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Wisely choosing the numbers during the pandemic	Kambhampati,  SBS,  Vaishya, et al	Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research and Reviews	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
PMC7491998; Corrigendum to "COVID-19's impact on the atmospheric environment in the Southeast Asia region" [Sci. Total Environ. 736 (2020)/139658]	Kanniah,  KD,  Zaman, et al	Sci Total Environ	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Strategic Analysis of Selected Factors Shaping the Occupational Health and Safety Culture of Mining Companies in Poland, Part 2	Kapusta,  M,  Bąk, et al	International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering Systems	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Epidemiological and clinical aspects of the COVID-19 pandemic and world common experiences in treatment: Turkey experience	Karageçili,  H,  Yildirim, et al	Turk Hijyen ve Deneysel Biyoloji Dergisi	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The outbreak of COVID-19 - Medical leadership challenge	Katorza,  E,  Afek, et al	Disaster and Emergency Medicine Journal	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
PMC7521900; Can digitization mitigate the economic damage of a pandemic? Evidence from SARS	Katz,  R,  Jung, et al	Telecomm Policy	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Negative impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the lifestyle and management of patients with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia	Kayikcioglu,  M,  Tokgozoglu, et al	Journal of Clinical Lipidology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The Role of Primary Care in a Pandemic: Reflections During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Canada	Kearon,  J,  Risdon, et al	Journal of Primary Care and Community Health	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Work-in-Progress-The Sudden Requirement to Work from Home Due to COVID-19 Pandemic Restrictions: Attitudes and Changes in Perceived Value of Physical and Immersive Workspaces	Kelly,  JA		Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32972703; Early Graduation Allows New Physicians to Join the Pandemic Fight Faster: In Light of the COVID-19 Crisis, Medical Schools Advance Their Students	Kelly,  M	Annals of Emergency Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Teacher training, equality, access and critical literacy in COVID-19 times	Kersch,  DF,  Dos Santos, et al	Calidoscopio	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Change in obstetric attendance and activities during the COVID-19 pandemic	Khalil,  Asma,  von Dadelszen, et al	The Lancet Infectious Diseases	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
PMC7308594; Opinion paper: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 and domestic animals: what relation?	Khamisse,  E,  Dunoyer, et al	Animal	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The “COVID-19 Score” can predict the need for tracheal intubation in critically ill COVID-19 patients – A hypothesis	Khandelwal,  A,  Singh, et al	Medical hypotheses	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Comments on 'Psychological impact of COVID-19 pandemic on general population in West Bengal: A cross-sectional study'	Khanra,  S,  Goyal, et al	Indian Journal of Psychiatry	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Globalization dynamics in times of crisis	Kheyfets,  BA,  Chernova, et al	Uncertain Supply Chain Management	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Shielding method for the endoscopic procedures during the COVID-19 pandemic	Kikuchi,  D,  Suzuki, et al	Dig Endosc	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32970156; Assessment of Disparities in COVID-19 Testing and Infection Across Language Groups in Seattle, Washington	Kim,  HN,  Lan, et al	JAMA network open	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Experience of augmenting critical care capacity in Daegu during COVID-19 incident in South Korea	Kim,  JH,  Hong, et al	Acute and Critical Care	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Food inspections during the COVID-19 crisis	Kjær,  GM	European Food and Feed Law Review	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 pandemic facilitating energy transition opportunities	Klemeš,  JJ,  Fan, et al	International Journal of Energy Research	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
What is a Bioethics of the Oppressed in the Age of COVID-19?	Klugman,  CM	American Journal of Bioethics	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Organized by Dr. Sayan Dey, lecturer, yonphula centenary college, Bhutan: Gender, race and Covid-19	Knaut,  A,  Bargohain, et al	Journal of International Women's Studies	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32963028; SARS-CoV-2 organising pneumonia: 'Has there been a widespread failure to identify and treat this prevalent condition in COVID-19?'	Kory,  P,  Kanne, et al	BMJ open respiratory research	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Strategies to Mitigate Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Patients Treated with Deep Brain Stimulation	Kostick,  K,  Storch, et al	Brain Stimul	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
PMC7532950; Quality of adverse event reporting in clinical trials of remdesivir in patients with COVID-19	Kow,  CS,  Aldeyab, et al	Eur J Clin Pharmacol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Experiences of healthcare providers of older adults with cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic	Krok-Schoen,  J,  Pisegna, et al	Journal of Geriatric Oncology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The Impact of COVID-19 on the Delivery of Critical Health Care: Experience From a Non-High-Income Country	Kumanan,  T,  Rajasooriyar, et al	Asia Pac J Public Health	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Covid-19 plastic surgery recovery plan: The malaysian experience	Lam,  UN,  Siddik, et al	Archives of Plastic Surgery	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Benefits of bariatric surgery prior to SARS CoV 2 infection in modulating the response to COVID-19	Landecho,  MMF,  Frühbeck, et al	Obesity (Silver Spring)	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Dangerous interactions of gastrointestinal drugs with experimental treatments for COVID-19	Lankarani,  KB	Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Absence of SARS-CoV-2 viraemia in a blood donor with COVID-19 post-donation	Lee,  CK,  Leung, et al	Transfus Med	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
How to maintain elective treatment of breast cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic—A cancer center experience	Leite,  FPM,  Curi, et al	Journal of surgical oncology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Data Science for Big Data Applications and Services: Data Lake Management, Data Analytics and Visualization	Leung,  CK		Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Big Data Computing and Mining in a Smart World	Leung,  CK		Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Experts discuss the race for a COVID-19 vaccine webinar participants review the history and hurdles	Levine,  L	Drug Topics	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
HVAC and COVID-19	Light,  E,  Bailey, et al	ASHRAE Journal	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32576321; Emergency medicine physician burnout and wellness in Canada before COVID19: A national survey	Lim,  R,  Aarsen, et al	Canadian Journal of Emergency Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Who safeguards pregnant women's autonomy during the COVID-19 pandemic?	Linden,  K,  Maimburg, et al	Sexual and Reproductive Healthcare	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Introduction to the special issue on integrated pediatric primary care: Placing "how" in the context of now	Lines,  MM,  Riley, et al	Clinical Practice in Pediatric Psychology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Repeated Testing in SARS-CoV-2 Infection	Lippi,  G,  Sanchis-Gomar, et al	Mayo Clinic proceedings	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Ethnic Identity and Coping Strategies as Moderators of COVID-19 Racial Discrimination Experiences Among Chinese Americans	Litam,  SDA,  Oh, et al	Counseling Outcome Research and Evaluation	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Potential secondary transmission of SARS-CoV-2 via wastewater	Liu,  D,  Thompson, et al	Science of the Total Environment	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Abschottung, neue solidarität, unklare zukunft tschechien und die sars-CoV-2-Epidemie	Lizcová,  Z	Osteuropa	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Problems of Data Availability and Quality for COVID-19 and Older People in Low- and Middle-Income Countries	Lloyd-Sherlock,  P,  Sempe, et al	Gerontologist	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The performance of truth: politicians, fact-checking journalism, and the struggle to tackle COVID-19 misinformation	Luengo,  M,  García-Marín, et al	American Journal of Cultural Sociology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Paediatric Oral Health during and after the COVID-19 Pandemic	Luzzi,  V,  Ierardo, et al	Int J Paediatr Dent	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
From ovid to COVID: the metamorphosis of advanced decisions to refuse treatment into a safeguarding issue	Lyne,  M,  Parker, et al	Journal of Adult Protection	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
PMC7472718 www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=L20-1068; Update Alert 3: Risks and Impact of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors or Angiotensin-Receptor Blockers on SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Adults	Mackey,  K,  Kansagara, et al	Ann Intern Med	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Conjunctivitis in novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19)	Madan,  S,  Beri, et al	Indian Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Reorganization of a Nuclear Medicine Department in Northern Italy During a 2-Month Lockdown for COVID-19 Pandemic	Maffione,  AM,  Chondrogiannis, et al	Clin Nucl Med	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Pulmonary vasculature in COVID-19: mechanism to monitoring!	Magoon,  R	Korean J Anesthesiol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32947032; Compounded research challenges amid the COVID-19 pandemic	Magoon,  R,  Ohri, et al	Anaesthesia Critical Care and Pain Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Child protection and preparedness in COVID-19 epoch	Mahara,  P	Economic and Political Weekly	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Europas geopolitische Chance: Selbst in der Covid-19-Krise wollen die USA multilaterale Institutionen nicht stärken. Europa muss entschiedener auftreten, solange China noch die gleichen Interessen verfolgt	Mahbubani,  K	Internationale Politik	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32970029; Telehealth, Telemedicine, and Related Technologic Platforms: Current Practice and Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic	Mahoney,  MF	Journal of wound, ostomy, and continence nursing : official publication of The Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nurses Society	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32972153; Ingavirin might be a promising agent to combat severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)	Malik,  I,  Kovac, et al	Ceska a Slovenska Farmacie	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 as a possible correlation between COVID-19 and periodontal disease	Mancini,  L,  Quinzi, et al	Applied Sciences (Switzerland)	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Investment drop, a structural antecedent to the coronavirus	Manera,  C,  Pérez-Montiel, et al	Sistema	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32710973; Emerging treatments in COVID-19: Adverse drug reactions including drug hypersensitivities	Manjaly Thomas,  ZR,  Leuppi-Taegtmeyer, et al	Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
An integrated biosensor system with mobile health and wastewater-based epidemiology (iBMW) for COVID-19 pandemic	Mao,  K,  Zhang, et al	Biosensors and Bioelectronics	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Analysis of democratic states on the reduction of human rights during the Sars-Cov-2 pandemics	Mǎrcǎu,  FC	Astra Salvensis	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
How COVID-19 turned the organization of training institutes for health care aides upside down	Marchi,  M	Aide Soignante	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Are patients with lung cystic fibrosis at increased risk for severe and fatal COVID-19? Interleukin-6 as a predictor of COVID-19 outcome	Marcinkiewicz,  J,  Mazurek, et al	Pol Arch Intern Med	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Editorial a new model for clinical trials to address the COVID-19 emergency	Marks,  GB	Breathe	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 in Italy: The Point of View of the Italian Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology-COVID-19 Commission	Marseglia,  GL,  Chiappini, et al	Pediatric, Allergy, Immunology, and Pulmonology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Antimicrobial stewardship challenges and innovative initiatives in the acute hospital setting during the COVID-19 pandemic	Martin,  E,  Philbin, et al	J Antimicrob Chemother	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Launch of a virtual pediatric gastroenterology consultation prior to the COVID-19 epidemic: A pioneering pilot project	Martín-Masot,  R,  Torcuato Rubio, et al	Anales de Pediatria	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Decrease in child abuse notifications during COVID-19 outbreak: A reason for worry or celebration?	Martins-Filho,  P,  Damascena, et al	J Paediatr Child Health	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Coronavirus and the resulting crisis: About the prospects of the world economy and energy	Mastepanov,  AM	Neftyanoe Khozyaystvo - Oil Industry	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
PMC7532739; Post-intubation tracheal stenosis in COVID-19 patients	Mattioli,  F,  Marchioni, et al	Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Consumer Exposure to Counterfeit Hardware	Mattioli,  M	IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
MANAGING bipolar disorder patients during COVID-19 outbreak	Mazza,  M,  Marano, et al	Bipolar Disord	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Reflections from the field: Disparatresponses to labour exploitation in post-Katrina Louisiana	McCallum,  L	Anti-Trafficking Review	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Le droit de retrait	Mel,  E	Revue de l'infirmiere	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Pay attention to how people are talking about the pandemic in different languages	Mesthrie,  R	South African Journal of Science	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
More eyes on COVID-19: Perspectives from philosophy. How philosophy bears on COVID-19	Metz,  T	South African Journal of Science	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Finding the "right" Canadian neurology residency program during the COVID-19 era	Mirian,  A,  Jenkins, et al	Can J Neurol Sci	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Cystic fibrosis and COVID-19: Care considerations	Mirza,  AA,  Rad, et al	Respiratory Medicine Case Reports	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 is killing education budgets: are educational public-private partnerships an answer?	Mitra,  R	Journal of Professional Capital and Community	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
SCD-MVA: A mobile application for conducting single-case experimental design research during the pandemic	Moeyaert,  M,  Bursali, et al	Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Outcomes of intensive care unit patients with COVID-19: a nationwide analysis in Russia	Moiseev,  S,  Avdeev, et al	Anaesthesia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32814928; COVID-19 in pregnant women: breastfeeding and vertical transmission	Montero-Lopez,  E,  Caparros-Gonzalez, et al	Anales del sistema sanitario de Navarra	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Optimizing telemedicine encounters for oral and maxillofacial surgeons during the COVID-19 pandemic	Moon,  HS,  Wang, et al	Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Care work and the coronavirus crisis: The invisible labour that sustains life	Moré,  P	Revista Espanola de Sociologia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Pepys's plague: How the reaction of the individual, society and the medical profession to the Great Plague of 1665 is similar to our experience of Covid-19	Mosli-Lynch,  C,  O'Shaughnessy, et al	J Med Biogr	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32965663; Are COVID-19 Delays a Basis for Concern? Can We Use This for Future Good?	Moul,  JW	Oncology (Williston Park, N.Y.)	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32976961; To PPE or not to PPE? Making sense of conflicting international recommendations for PPE during chest compressions in patients with COVID-19	Mudalige,  NL,  Sze, et al	Resuscitation	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Ethical health leadership: Lessons from low- and middle-income countries during COVID-19	Munezhi,  M,  Hammad, et al	Healthc Manage Forum	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
PMC7492708; COVID-19: Social Irresponsibility of Teenagers Towards the Second Wave in Spain	Murillo-Llorente,  M,  Perez-Bermejo, et al	J Epidemiol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32959538; Mask-induced psoriasis lesions as Köebner phenomenon during COVID-19 pandemic	Mutalik,  SD,  Inamdar, et al	Dermatologic Therapy	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
PMC7513829; Challenges in facemasks use and potential solutions: The case study of Kenya	Mwema,  FM,  Nyika, et al	Sci Afr	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Response to Canadian Neurophysiology Laboratory COVID-19 Practice Guidelines	Myers,  KA	Can J Neurol Sci	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The media needs to incorporate principles of research communication to improve COVID-19 reporting	Nadella,  P,  Navathe, et al	Healthcare	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Health care workers on the frontlines of COVID-19 in Mexico	Ñamendys-Silva,  SA	Heart and Lung	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Lessons from COVID-19 and a resilience model for higher education	Nandy,  M,  Lodh, et al	Industry and Higher Education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
PMC7521471; Japanese currency and stock market-What happened during the COVID-19 pandemic?	Narayan,  PK,  Devpura, et al	Econ Anal Policy	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Introduction: the Critical Connection Between COVID-19 and Employment	Nathan,  D,  Rodgers, et al	Indian Journal of Labour Economics	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 policies in Germany and their social, political, and psychological consequences	Naumann,  E,  Möhring, et al	European Policy Analysis	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
PMC7513690 personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper; Corrigendum to "Mathematical modeling of COVID-19 transmission dynamics with a case study of Wuhan" [Chaos Solitons Fractals 135 (2020), 109846]	Ndaïrou,  F,  Area, et al	Chaos Solitons Fractals	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Congregational studies: A rapidly developing field of study	Nell,  IA	Verbum et Ecclesia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Prendre soin respectueusement de la personne défunte	Nivet,  M	Revue de l'infirmiere	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Empiric antibiotics in management of inpatient pregnant women infected with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): Focusing on inflammation and preterm labor	Norooznezhad,  AH,  Hantoushzadeh, et al	Medical hypotheses	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32965400; New Coronavirus: (Re)thinking the care process in Primary Health and Nursing	Nunciaroni,  AT,  Cunha, et al	Revista brasileira de enfermagem	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
PMC7510540; Health Outcome Predictive Evaluation for COVID 19 international registry (HOPE COVID-19), rationale and design	Núñez-Gil,  IJ,  Estrada, et al	Contemp Clin Trials Commun	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32974900; Letter from the president	Oliveira,  PJ	European journal of clinical investigation	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32965376; Racial inequalities and death on the horizon: COVID-19 and structural racism	Oliveira,  RG,  Cunha, et al	Cadernos de saude publica	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Cannabis for COVID-19: Can cannabinoids quell the cytokine storm?	Onaivi,  ES,  Sharma, et al	Future Science OA	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 response and social work education in Nigeria: matters arising	Onalu,  CE,  Chukwu, et al	Social Work Education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Blockchain: Is it the future for the tourism and hospitality industry?	Önder,  I,  Gunter, et al	Tourism Economics	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Toll-like receptors and COVID-19: A two-faced story with an exciting ending	Onofrio,  L,  Caraglia, et al	Future Science OA	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Parkinson's Disease in the Era of a Novel Respiratory Virus Pandemic	Otero-Losada,  M,  Kobiec, et al	Frontiers in Neurology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 disease causes an energy supply deficit in a patient	Özilgen,  M,  Yilmaz, et al	International Journal of Energy Research	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Impact of COVID-19 on the tourism sector	Padhi,  B,  Triveni, et al	Economic and Political Weekly	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Circling the wagons or opening the circle	Pally,  M	Dialog	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in COVID-19 patient	Paprocki,  M	Disaster and Emergency Medicine Journal	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32814926; Coagulopathy and thrombosis: similarities and differences among pathogenic coronaviruses	Páramo,  JA	Anales del sistema sanitario de Navarra	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Viral arthritis and COVID-19	Parisi,  Simone,  Borrelli, et al	The Lancet Rheumatology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Predoctoral periodontal education and COVID-19: challenges, actions, and learned lessons	Parsegian,  K,  Ayilavarapu, et al	J Dent Educ	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Focus on uncommon symptoms of COVID-19: Potential reason for spread of infection	Pathak,  SK,  Pandey, et al	Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research and Reviews	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32949594; The conundrum of human immune system “senescence”	Pawelec,  G,  Bronikowski, et al	Mechanisms of ageing and development	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32460929; FOMO in the time of coronavirus disease	Phillips,  DE	CJEM	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
More eyes on COVID-19: Perspectives from History the need for history in a time of plague	Phillips,  H	South African Journal of Science	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32958381; Emergency department approach to spirituality care in the era of COVID-19	Pierce,  A,  Hoffer, et al	American Journal of Emergency Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Psychological Consequences of Social Isolation During COVID-19 Outbreak	Pietrabissa,  G,  Simpson, et al	Frontiers in Psychology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19: A huge opportunity for innovation in marketing	Pillania,  RK	Indian Journal of Marketing	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
PMC7532929; COVID-19 has hit nursing homes hard	Pitkälä,  KH	Eur Geriatr Med	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
How Christian theology helps us make sense of the pandemic	Pityana,  B	South African Journal of Science	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Reflections on COVID-19 and the future of education and learning	Popa,  S	Prospects	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32744884; Letter to the Editor: COVID-19, Mitochondria, and Interferon	Prasun,  P	Journal of interferon & cytokine research : the official journal of the International Society for Interferon and Cytokine Research	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2	Prather,  KA,  Marr, et al	Science	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Experts discuss cancer care and research in the age of COVID‐19	Printz,  C	Cancer	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Investigation of SARS-CoV-2 in Semen of Patients in the Acute Stage of COVID-19 Infection	Punjani,  N,  Li, et al	Urol Int	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Publication Rate and Journal Review Time of COVID-19–Related Research	Putman,  MS,  Ruderman, et al	Mayo Clinic proceedings	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Bolsonaro’s Brazilian Christofascism during the Easter period plagued by Covid-19	Py,  F	International Journal of Latin American Religions	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Should Remdesivir Be Used for the Treatment of Patients With COVID-19? Rapid, Living Practice Points From the American College of Physicians (Version 1)	Qaseem,  A,  Yost, et al	Ann Intern Med	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32965010; SARS-CoV-2 infection: NLRP3 inflammasome as plausible target to prevent cardiopulmonary complications?	Quagliariello,  V,  Bonelli, et al	European review for medical and pharmacological sciences	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Antibody testing in the context of COVID-19 and return to work	Rajgopal,  T	Indian Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Addressing the “What do we have to lose? Just give the drug” rationale: making the case for clinical trials and against off-label use in COVID-19	Ramnath,  VR,  Zar, et al	Journal of Thoracic Disease	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
A perspective on the positioning of Indian business schools post COVID-19 pandemic	Rana,  S,  Anand, et al	International Journal of Emerging Markets	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Botulinum toxin therapy during the Covid 19 outbreak: Experience of an Italian multidisciplinary team	Ranza,  E,  Mammi, et al	Eur J Neurol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32925589; Telehealth for Wound Management During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Case Studies	Ratliff,  CR,  Shifflett, et al	Journal of wound, ostomy, and continence nursing : official publication of The Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nurses Society	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The social life of a virus	Reddy,  V	South African Journal of Science	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Academic ophthalmology in the post-COVID-19 era	Reviglio,  VE,  Osaba, et al	Med Educ Online	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The Cascading Effects of COVID-19 on Women in Cardiology	Reza,  N,  DeFilippis, et al	Circulation	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Home/School: Research Imperatives, Learning Settings, and the COVID-19 Pandemic	Richmond,  G,  Bartell, et al	Journal of Teacher Education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Stewardship and Shareholder Engagement in Germany	Ringe,  WG	European Business Organization Law Review	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Diet, Gut Microbiota and COVID-19	Rishi,  P,  Thakur, et al	Indian Journal of Microbiology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Guidance production before evidence generation for critical issues: the example of COVID-19	Roche,  N,  Tonia, et al	Eur Respir Rev	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Proprotein convertase furin in SARS-CoV-2 and non-small cell lung cancer	Rosell,  R,  Karachaliou, et al	Translational Lung Cancer Research	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Economic ramifications of the COVID-19 pandemic for higher education: a circuit breaker in Australian universities’ business model?	Ross,  J	Higher Education Research and Development	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
PMC7532733; Protective role of statins in COVID 19 patients: importance of pharmacokinetic characteristics rather than intensity of action	Rossi,  R,  Talarico, et al	Intern Emerg Med	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Face masks in the general healthy population. Scientific and ethical issues	Royo-Bordonada,  M,  García-López, et al	Gaceta Sanitaria	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Emergency Medicine Telehealth for COVID-19: Minimize Front-Line Provider Exposure and Conserve Personal Protective Equipment	Russi,  CS,  Heaton, et al	Mayo Clinic proceedings	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Safety and efficacy of pharmacotherapy used for the management of COVID 19: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized control trials	Sah,  Sujit Kumar,  Undela, et al	medRxiv	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Riskanter sonderweg belarus und die COVID-19-Pandemie	Sahm,  A	Osteuropa	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Smart polymeric eye gear: A possible preventive measure against ocular transmission of COVID-19	Sahu,  DK,  Pradhan, et al	Medical hypotheses	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The Potential for Telemedicine to Reduce Bias in Patients Seeking Facial Plastic Surgery	Salehi,  PP,  Wong, et al	Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32965401; Nursing recommendations for facing dissemination of COVID-19 in Brazilian Nursing Homes	Santana,  RF,  Silva, et al	Revista brasileira de enfermagem	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Bladder cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic: The calm before the storm?	Sarkis,  J,  Samaha, et al	Future Science OA	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Telemedicine in pediatric otolaryngology: Ready for prime time?	Schafer,  A,  Hudson, et al	International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32804426; Possible Role of ABCB1 in Lysosomal Accumulation of Azithromycin in COVID-19 Therapy	Scherrmann,  JM	Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Covid-19: how to prioritize worse-off populations in allocating safe and effective vaccines	Schmidt,  H,  Pathak, et al	Bmj	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
What Drives Successful Administrative Performance during Crises? Lessons from Refugee Migration and the Covid-19 Pandemic	Schomaker,  RM,  Bauer, et al	Public administration review	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
MIS-C: post-infectious syndrome or persistent infection?	Schwartz,  Michael	The Lancet Infectious Diseases	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Health is the Motive and Digital is the Instrument	Seethalakshmi,  S,  Nandan, et al	Journal of the Indian Institute of Science	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Wise Use of Surveillance Data: Evolving HIV Policy and Emerging Considerations Regarding COVID-19	Seiler,  N,  Horton, et al	American Journal of Bioethics	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 in Italy. Clinical emergency and bioethical perspectives	Sesta,  L,  Mondello, et al	EuroMediterranean Biomedical Journal	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The novel coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19): Mechanism of action, detection and recent therapeutic strategies	Seyed Hosseini,  E,  Riahi Kashani, et al	Virology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The Writing's on the Wall: On Health Inequalities, Migrants, and Coronavirus	Shaaban,  AN,  Peleteiro, et al	Frontiers in Public Health	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
In Reply—Repeated Testing in SARS-CoV-2 Infection	Shah,  A,  O'Horo, et al	Mayo Clinic proceedings	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Improvising the surgical helmet system for aerosol-generating procedures in the OR: Surgeon designed 3D printed mould for augmented filtration system	Shah,  D,  Sahu, et al	Journal of Clinical Orthopaedics and Trauma	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
A Secure and Efficient Approach for Issuing KYC Token As COVID-19 Health Certificate Based on Stellar Blockchain Network	Shamsi,  Kiarash,  Khorasani, et al	arXiv	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Family planning and abortion services in COVID 19 pandemic	Sharma,  KA,  Zangmo, et al	Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19)	Sheng,  WH	Journal of Internal Medicine of Taiwan	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Some thoughts and strategies of planning for the impact of "cOVID-19" epidemic in Yunnan plateau basin	Shi,  Z,  Chen, et al		Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Survey of decentralized solutions with mobile devices for user location tracking, proximity detection, and contact tracing in the covid-19 era	Shubina,  V,  Holcer, et al	Data	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32925588; Telehealth Management of Urostomy Postoperative Complications: A Case Study	Sims,  TW,  Wilson, et al	Journal of wound, ostomy, and continence nursing : official publication of The Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nurses Society	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Integrated Optofluidic Sensor for Coagulation Risk Monitoring in COVID-19 Patients at Point-of-Care	Singh,  Robin,  Frydman, et al	arXiv	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Ineptitude of Clinical Trials System Highlighted by COVID-19 Pandemic	Sitki Copur,  M	ONCOLOGY (United States)	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
PMC7489991; Catalysing the response to NCDI Poverty at a time of COVID-19	Sliwa,  K,  Yacoub, et al	Lancet	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32965444; Nursing workers: Covid-19 pandemic and social inequalities	Soares,  CB,  Peduzzi, et al	Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da U S P	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Comment on 'Attitude, practice, behavior, and mental health impact of COVID-19 on doctors'	Somani,  A,  Kumar, et al	Indian Journal of Psychiatry	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Potential role of GcMAF in suppressing the severity of COVID-19-induced immune responses: Lesson learned from HIV	Spadera,  L,  Spadera, et al	Medical hypotheses	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32896864; E-Neurorehabilitation: Use of mobile phone based health applications during the COVID-19 pandemic	Srivastav,  AK,  Samuel, et al	Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Reflections on changing times for pediatric integrated primary care during COVID-19 Pandemic	Stancin,  T	Clinical Practice in Pediatric Psychology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Full-Risk Population Health Programs for Older Adults Like PACE Benefit from COVID-19	Stefanacci,  R,  Buffa, et al	Popul Health Manag	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The load and capacity model of healthcare delivery: considerations for the crisis management of the COVID-19 pandemic	Steier,  J,  Moxham, et al	Journal of Thoracic Disease	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 and Psychological Distress-Changes in Internet Searches for Mental Health Issues in New York During the Pandemic	Stijelja,  S,  Mishara, et al	JAMA Intern Med	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Leisure in the time of coronavirus: indigenous tourism in Canada and the impacts of COVID-19	Swaikoski,  D	World Leisure Journal	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32910483; COVID-19 epidemic and community mobility in Tokyo	Takagi,  H	Journal of medical virology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32910466; COVID-19 and influenza testing in New York City	Takahashi,  M,  Egorova, et al	Journal of medical virology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Neurological research & training after the easing of lockdown in countries impacted by COVID-19	Tan,  EK,  Albanese, et al	Journal of the neurological sciences	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Impact of Hearing Loss and Universal Face Masking in the COVID-19 Era	Ten Hulzen,  RD,  Fabry, et al	Mayo Clinic proceedings	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Application, Verification and Implementation of SARS-CoV-2 Serologic Assays with Emergency Use Authorization	Theel,  ES,  Couturier, et al	J Clin Microbiol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32962787; Context: How COVID-19 exposed key factors of emergency medicine education	Thoma,  B,  Woods, et al	CJEM	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Building on the momentum: Sustaining telehealth beyond COVID-19	Thomas,  EE,  Haydon, et al	Journal of telemedicine and telecare	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Leveraging public data to offer online inquiry opportunities	Thompson,  SK,  Kirkpatrick, et al	Ecology and Evolution	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
What GI Physicians Need to Know During COVID-19 Pandemic	Thuluvath,  PJ,  Alukal, et al	Dig Dis Sci	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Telemedicine in the COVID-19 Pandemic: Motivations for Integrated, Interconnected, and Community-Based Health Delivery in Resource-Scarce Settings?	Tran,  BX,  Hoang, et al	Frontiers in Psychiatry	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
What do the similarities between COVID-19 and sepsis mean for nurses and patients?	Trueland,  J	Emergency Nurse	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Post-COVID-19 rethinking for a synergic vision of health-care	Vaidya,  AD,  Vaidya, et al	Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
[Family medicine during COVID-19 pandemic]	Vajer,  P,  Csenteri, et al	Orv Hetil	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Clinical and Laboratory Findings on the Differences between H1N1 Influenza and Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19): Focusing on the Treatment Approach	Vakili,  S,  Akbari, et al	Clinical Pulmonary Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Per il SARS-CoV-2 non siamo tutti uguali	Valletta,  E,  Fornaro, et al	Quaderni ACP	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Preliminary results: Rapid recovery from flu symptoms and respiratory problems. Remdesivir, blockbuster in the race for COVID-19 treatment	Van Den Ende,  L,  Van Den Galien, et al	Pharmaceutisch weekblad	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Rotational thromboelastometry to assess hypercoagulability in COVID-19 patients	van Veenendaal,  N,  Scheeren, et al	Thrombosis research	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Belgian clinical guidance on anticoagulation management in hospitalised and ambulatory patients with COVID-19	Vanassche,  T,  Orlando, et al	Acta Clin Belg	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Hospitals rolling out the "welcome mat" to ease COVID-19 fears	Varner,  C	Cmaj	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Privacy in emergency circumstances: data protection and the COVID-19 pandemic	Ventrella,  E	ERA Forum	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Frontline Redeployment of Psychiatry Residents During the COVID-19 Pandemic	Villarin,  JM,  Gao, et al	Psychiatr Serv	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Face Protection for Children in Healthcare Settings	Vlacha,  V,  Feketea, et al	Frontiers in Pediatrics	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Fertility and the COVID-19 crisis: do gender roles really matter?	Voicu,  M,  Bădoi, et al	European Societies	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32965661; Delay in Cancer Screening and Diagnosis During the COVID-19 Pandemic: What Is the Cost?	Vose,  JM	Oncology (Williston Park, N.Y.)	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Teaching on the edge of chaos: Report on ‘The future of universities in a post-COVID-19 world’	Walwyn,  DR	South African Journal of Science	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Interpretation of 2020 European Association of Urology management guidelines on prostate cancer during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic	Wang,  X,  Zhong, et al	Chinese Journal of Urology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Management strategies for patients after cabg surgery in the outbreak of the covid-19 pandemic	Wang,  X,  Zhou, et al	Risk Management and Healthcare Policy	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Examining risk and crisis communications of government agencies and stakeholders during early-stages of COVID-19 on Twitter	Wang,  Y,  Hao, et al	Computers in Human Behavior	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Lung Ultrasound Before and After SARS-CoV-2	Wangüemert Pérez,  AL	Archivos de Bronconeumologia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
How to manage tumour radiotherapy during COVID-19 pandemic?	Wei,  S,  Wang, et al	European Journal of Cancer Care	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Clinical Risk Factors for COVID-19 Among People With Substance Use Disorders	Wen,  H,  Barnett, et al	Psychiatr Serv	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32972176; Arteriální hypertenze a infekce COVID-19: Stručný komentá&#345	Widimský,  J	Vnitrni lekarstvi	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The scheme of treatment with an infected patient with COVID-19	Wieczorek,  K,  Kulak, et al	Disaster and Emergency Medicine Journal	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Be alarmed. Some reflections about the COVID-19 risk communication in Germany	Wiedemann,  PM,  Dorl, et al	Journal of Risk Research	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32961566; COVID-19: Eine Formel als Heuristik	Wildner,  M	Gesundheitswesen (Bundesverband der Arzte des Offentlichen Gesundheitsdienstes (Germany))	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Work-in-Progress-Learning about Virtual Worlds in Virtual Worlds: How Remote Learning in a Pandemic Can Inform Future Teaching	Won,  AS,  Bailey, et al		Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Existential positive psychology and integrative meaning therapy	Wong,  PTP	Int Rev Psychiatry	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Los Angeles's perspective of COVID-19 effect and impact on cardiac surgery	Worthington,  T,  Khoynezhad, et al	J Card Surg	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32965662; Two Retrospective Analyses Show No Associated Adverse Outcomes With Delayed RP	Wright,  KM	Oncology (Williston Park, N.Y.)	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Sex-dependent NAD(H) redox alteration in alveolar macrophages from mice expressing SP-A2 (but not from SP-A KO) in response to ozone exposure: Potential implications for COVID-19	Xu,  HN,  Lin, et al	Antioxidants	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Strengthening health systems response to COVID-19: interprofessional science rising to the challenge	Xyrichis,  A,  Williams, et al	J Interprof Care	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Management strategies for pediatric burns during the COVID-19 pandemic	Yaacobi,  DS,  Ad-El, et al	J Burn Care Res	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Nurse's perspective: The effects of Covid-19 in apheresis	Yanchuk,  L,  Sinclair, et al	Transfusion and Apheresis Science	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Clinical Research in China: Challenges and Progress	Yang,  Y,  Li, et al	Frontiers in Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 pandemic alert: time to focus on lung health-Beijing call to action for lung health promotion	Yorgancioglu,  A	Journal of Thoracic Disease	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Potential impacts of COVID-19 on tropical forest recovery	Zahawi,  RA,  Reid, et al	Biotropica	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Introduction: COVID-19 Viewpoint Symposium, Part II	Zavattaro,  SM,  Hall, et al	Public administration review	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Comment on the review entitled "Risk factors for mortality in patients with Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies"	Zhang,  P	Aging Male	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
A Potential Chinese Medicine Granule Suppressing ARDS of COVID-19: Keguan-1	Zhong,  NS,  Yang, et al	Chin J Integr Med	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 pandemic in China: observation and reflections	Zhou,  LJ,  Liu, et al	World Leisure Journal	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
PMC7521216; Bioprinting for combating infectious diseases	Zimmerling,  A,  Chen, et al	Bioprinting	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on global child health: joint statement of the International Child Health Group and the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health		Arch Dis Child	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Underscoring data: No discontinuation of therapy for fear of SARS-CoV-2		Aktuelle Rheumatologie	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Impacts of COVID-19 on labour		Economic and Political Weekly	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Seeking broad protection		Science	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Coronavirus Covid-19. 101 fiches pratiques pour connaître la maladie et s'en prémunir		Revue de l'infirmiere	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Message From The Managing Editor: Call for COVID-19 Manuscripts Related To COVID-19's Impact and System Responses		Juvenile and Family Court Journal	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Preparing for the flu season during the COVID-19 outbreak		Practice Nurse	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
International Conference on Sustainability and Climate Change			Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
ISWC 2020 - Proceedings of the 2020 ACM International Symposium on Wearable Computers			Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
6th International Conference on Big Data Applications and Services, BigDAS 2018			Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

Appendix: Process and definitions. 

A daily search for new publications is conducted in PubMed, Scopus, BioRxiv and MedRxiv, SSRN, Research Square, arXiv for all publications related to COVID-19 disease or SARS-CoV-2 using the search terms (COVID-19 OR SARS-CoV-2 OR "novel CoV" OR "novel coronavirus" OR nCoV) adapted to each database.  The capture is cross-referenced with publication announcements on the COVID-19 dashboards set up by a number of publishers and google.  Publishers include Lancet, Elsevier, The New England Journal of Medicine, BMJ, Wiley, Springer Nature, ChinaCDCweekly. Additionally the database is cross-referenced with other literature scans and activities by collaborators.  Members of the Emerging Sciences group examine and shorten the abstract or develop 1 -2 point summaries of each publication. Please email Lisa Waddell for additional information: Lisa.Waddell@canada.ca.  References are compiled in a reworks database that has citations since the beginning of the outbreak.  All references can be accessed at this link and by the categories listed below.  The daily scan has also been compiled in an excel sheet and copies can be provided upon request or accessed here.

Category Definitions:

Modelling/ prediction: Predictive modeling is a process that uses data mining and probability to forecast outcomes. Each model is made up of a number of predictors, which are variables that are likely to influence future results.

Epidemiology: the branch of medicine which deals with the incidence, distribution, and possible control of diseases and other factors relating to health. Includes Ro, attack rates, case number doubling time, case fatality rate, serial interval, clinical attack rate, asymptomatic fraction, proportion of asymptomatic and infective*

Transmission: The passage of a pathogen causing communicable disease from an infected host to an uninfected host via direct or indirect routes.

Clinical data of cases: Includes clinical parameters such as incubation period, latent period, period of communicability, duration of illness, duration of hospitalization, host risk factors, as well as clinical profiles of patients; presenting symptoms, symptoms over course of illness, sequelae, comorbidities.* 

Surveillance: Public health surveillance is the continuous, systematic collection, analysis and interpretation of health-related data.  Surveillance data will likely be number of cases suspected/confirmed, number of deaths, number recovered. *

Coronavirology: All research relating to the virus; its characteristics, genetic make-up, phylogenetic analyses

Diagnostics / Pathogen detection:  All studies on identification of the virus; culture, PCR, antibody/antigen tests etc.

Therapeutics: Studies of substances that may be used to treat infected hosts including passive immunization products.

Vaccine Research:  Studies of vaccine candidates to prevent infection with 2019-nCoV including clinical trials.

Public Health Priorities: These citations will focus on what the current research priorities are and/or where knowledge gaps exist.

Public Health interventions*: Any study evaluating how effective a public health intervention is or maybe (in the case of a predictive model).

Public Health response: These papers are typically overviews of past and current activities, they often also identify knowledge gaps and suggest future activities or objectives.

Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI): Any research on the effectiveness of IPC interventions should also be tagged as IPC

Health care Response: This foci would include a description of activities to deal with 2019-nCoV cases including, but not limited to:  set up of a special emergency multi-disciplinary intensive care team; Bed and medical equipment preparation/ stock piling supplies; Education and training of staff; Early case recognition and classification of disease severity.

Economics: papers discussing/ forecasting the economics of COVID-19 pandemic.

Immunology: the study of the immune system and includes serology studies in conjunction with other foci (e.g. epidemiology or diagnostics)

Animal Model: An animal model is a living, non-human, often genetic-engineered animal used during the research and investigation of human disease, for the purpose of better understanding the disease process without the added risk of harming an actual human.

Zoonotic: all literature discussing the transmission to and from or occurrence of naturally acquired SARS-COV-2 infection in animals.

Review Literature:  All articles that summarize the published literature can be tagged as a review.  This includes systematic review, meta-analysis, scoping review, overviews, umbrella reviews*

Commentary/Editorial: For commentaries, editorials, letters to the editor, other types of opinion pieces where there is no new data collected by the author or analysis conducted by the author, please tag these within the commentary category.

News articles that have not scientific information.

*Lists are not exhaustive

Annexe: Processus et définitions. 

Une recherche quotidienne des nouvelles publications est effectuée dans PubMed, Scopus, BioRxiv and MedRxiv, SSRN, Research Square, arXiv pour toutes les publications relatives à la maladie COVID-19 ou au SRAS-CoV-2 en utilisant les termes de recherche (COVID-19 OU SARS-CoV-2 OU « novel CoV » OU « novel coronavirus » OU nCoV).  La saisie renvoie à des annonces de publication sur les tableaux de bord du nCoV mis en place par un certain nombre d'éditeurs et par Google.  Parmi les éditeurs figurent Lancet, Elsevier, The New England Journal of Medicine, BMJ, Wiley, Springer Nature, ChinaCDCweekly.  En outre, la base de données renvoie à d'autres survols de publications, et à des activités des collaborateurs.  Les membres du groupe scientifique émergent préparent des résumés en 1 ou 2 points de chaque publication. Pour en savoir plus, veuillez envoyer un courriel à Lisa Waddell au : Lisa.Waddell@canada.ca.  Les références sont compilées dans une base de données Refworks qui contient des citations depuis le début de l'épidémie.  Toutes les références sont accessibles à partir de ce lien et par les catégories énumérées ci-dessous. L'analyse quotidienne a également été compilée dans une feuille Excel et des copies peuvent être fournies sur demande ou consultées ici.

Définitions des catégories :

Modélisation / prédiction : La modélisation prédictive est un processus qui utilise l'exploration de données et la probabilité pour prévoir les résultats. Chaque modèle est composé de plusieurs prédicteurs, qui sont des variables susceptibles d'influencer les résultats futurs.

Épidémiologie : Branche de la médecine qui traite de l'incidence, de la répartition et du contrôle éventuel des maladies et d'autres facteurs liés à la santé. Comprend le taux de reproduction de base (Ro), les taux d'attaque, le temps de doublement du nombre de cas, le taux de létalité, l'intervalle sériel, le taux d'attaque clinique, la fraction asymptomatique, la proportion de cas asymptomatiques et infectieux*.

Transmission : Passage d'un agent pathogène causant une maladie transmissible d'un hôte infecté à un hôte non infecté par des voies directes ou indirectes.

Données cliniques des cas : Comprend les paramètres cliniques tels que la période d'incubation, la période de latence, la période de contagiosité, la durée de la maladie, la durée de l'hospitalisation, les facteurs de risque de l'hôte, ainsi que les profils cliniques des patients; les symptômes présentés, les symptômes au cours de la maladie, les séquelles, les comorbidités.* 

Surveillance : La surveillance de la santé publique est la collecte, l'analyse et l'interprétation continues et systématiques de données relatives à la santé.  Les données de surveillance concerneront probablement le nombre de cas suspects / confirmés, le nombre de décès, le nombre de personnes guéries. *

Coronavirologie : Toutes les recherches relatives au virus, ses caractéristiques, sa constitution génétique et les analyses phylogénétiques.

Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes : Toutes les études sur l'identification du virus : culture, PCR, tests de dépistage d'anticorps ou d’antigènes, etc.

Thérapeutique : Étude des substances pouvant être utilisées pour traiter les hôtes infectés, y compris les produits d'immunisation passive.

Recherche sur les vaccins : Études des candidats à la vaccination pour prévenir l'infection par le 2019-nCoV, y compris des essais cliniques.

Priorités de santé publique : Ces citations porteront sur les priorités actuelles de recherche et/ou sur les lacunes dans les connaissances.

Interventions de santé publique* : Toute étude évaluant l'efficacité (réelle ou possible) d'une intervention de santé publique (dans le cas d'un modèle prédictif).

Réponse de la santé publique : Ces articles sont généralement des aperçus des activités passées et actuelles, qui identifient souvent les lacunes dans les connaissances et suggèrent des activités ou des objectifs futurs.

Prévention et contrôle des infections/Infection Prevention and Control (PCI/IPAC) : Les recherches sur l'efficacité des interventions en PCI doivent également être marquées comme PCI.

Réponse des soins de santé : Ce point comprendrait une description des activités pour traiter les cas de 2019-nCoV, notamment :  mise en place d'une équipe multidisciplinaire spéciale de soins intensifs d'urgence; préparation des lits et des équipements médicaux / stockage des fournitures; sensibilisation et formation du personnel; reconnaissance précoce des cas et classification de la gravité de la maladie.

Immunologie : l'étude du système immunitaire et comprend des études sérologiques en conjonction avec d'autres foyers (p. ex. épidémiologie ou diagnostic)

Modèle animal: Un modèle animal est un animal vivant, non humain, souvent génétiquement modifié, utilisé lors de la recherche et de l'investigation des maladies humaines, dans le but de mieux comprendre le processus de la maladie sans risque supplémentaire de nuire à un humain réel.

Zoonotic: all literature discussing the transmission to and from or occurrence of naturally acquired SARS-COV-2 infection in animals.

Économie: documents discutant / prévoyant l'économie de la pandémie de COVID-19

Revue de la documentation :  Tous les articles qui résument les documents publiés peuvent être marqués comme une revue.  Cela comprend les revues systématiques, les méta-analyses, les études de la portée, les aperçus, les examens généraux*.

Commentaires/Éditorial : Pour les commentaires, éditoriaux, lettres à la rédaction, autres types d'articles d'opinion pour lesquels aucune nouvelle donnée n'est collectée ou aucune analyse n'est effectuée par l'auteur, veuillez les marquer dans la catégorie des commentaires.

journaux Articles de presse qui n'ont pas d'informations scientifiques.

* Les listes ne sont pas exhaustives