Subject: Daily Scan of COVID-19 Scientific Publications / survol journalier des publications scientifiques du COVID-19,
2020-10-02
Good afternoon,
There are 396 citations in today’s scan. 268 were considered primary research or review literature.
Highlights today include:
CANADA
·
Snider et al
use AI and statistical models to predict COVID-19 mortality in Ontario. Using datasets from Public Health Ontario and Public Health Agency of Canada accuracies of 0.9056 and 0.935 are achieved. AI’s demonstrate improved medical practice has occurred
and age is now the biggest factor in mortality risk.
PUBLIC HEALTH INTERVENTIONS
·
Amuedo-Dorantes et al
use county-level data on COVID-19 mortality and infections, along with county-level information on the adoption of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) in the United States to examine how the speed of NPI adoption affected COVID-19 mortality. Their
estimates suggest that advancing the date of NPI adoption by one day lowers the COVID-19 death rate by 2.4 percent. They also find that the adoption speed of NPIs is associated with lower infections, as well as lower non-COVID mortality, suggesting that these
measures slowed contagion and the pace at which the healthcare system might have been overburdened by the pandemic.
·
VoPham, et al.
modeled associations between county-level social distancing and COVID-19 incidence and mortality. Each unit increase in social distancing was associated with a 26% decrease (p<0.0001) in COVID-19 incidence and a 31% decrease (p<0.0001) in COVID-19 mortality.
Percent crowding, non-white population, and median household income, were all statistically significant modifiers of the associations between objective social distancing and incidence and mortality.
EPIDEMIOLOGY
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Rezwan et al
conducted a prospective cross-sectional
seroprevalence study in September 2020 in Karachi, Pakistan to see if Karachi had reached the threshold of herd immunity. A total of 2404 subjects’ blood samples were received from healthcare workers, the industrial workforce,
and healthy blood donors. Seroprevalence in industrial workers was highest (70%) as compared to healthcare workers (40%). Overall seropositivity in males (39%) was higher than females (16%). Blood donors (all males) showed a seropositivity of 37.8%. Total
cases of antibody-positive were 1322 of 2100 (55 %). There was a sharp rise from 36% reported previously in July.
·
Sagar et al.
Suggested that patients with a previously detected endemic coronaviruses (eCoVs) can have less severe COVID-19 illness. The authors suggested that pre-existing immune responses against endemic human coronaviruses can mitigate disease manifestations from
SARS-CoV-2 infection.
·
Barzin et al.
aimed at determining the asymptomatic spread of SARS-CoV-2 in a suburban, Southern U.S. population during a period of state restrictions and physical distancing mandates. The first cohort study, named ScreenNC, was comprised of outpatient clinics, and
the second cohort study, named ScreenNC2, was comprised of inpatients unrelated to COVID-19. ScreenNC identified 24 out of 2,973 (0.8%) positive individuals among asymptomatic participants accessing health care. ScreenNC2 identified 10 out of 1,449 (0.7%)
positive participants.
·
Frithiof et al. Authors find that urinary secretion of SARS-COV-2 is scarce in critically ill COVID-19 patients. In this cohort, SARS-CoV-2 RNA
was not more frequently detected in urine of patients that died or developed acute kidney injury. This suggests that determining viral presence in urine will not aid in predicting or grading renal dysfunction or severity of disease in COVID-19. Our findings
do not support direct renal SARS-COV-2 infection as an important mechanism of COVID-19-induced AKI, since renal infection likely would result in viral shedding in urine and thus a higher frequency of PCR positivity in urine of patients with AKI.
·
Wang, et al.
compared the differences of clinical features and outcomes between imported and non-imported COVID-19 patients. The proportion of asymptomatic patients in the non-imported group was significantly higher than that in the imported group (18.9% vs. 3.8%,
p=0.016), and the proportions of symptoms of fever, sore throat and diarrhea in the non-imported group were all lower than those in the imported group (p≤0.048).
VACCINE RESEARCH
·
Sahin et al. reported safety, tolerability and antibody response data from an ongoing placebo-controlled, observer-blinded phase 1/2 COVID-19 vaccine trial with BNT162b1,
a lipid nanoparticle (LNP) formulated nucleoside-modified messenger RNA (mRNA) encoding the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein(1). The robust RBD-specific antibody, T-cell and favourable cytokine responses induced by the BNT162b1
mRNA vaccine suggest multiple beneficial mechanisms with potential to protect against COVID-19.
DIAGNOSTICS
·
Ozlem et al
describe an ultra-rapid SARS-CoV-2 test method based on DP Loop amplification for onsite testing. The test requires no sample transport, minimal sample manipulation, can be performed by unlicensed individuals, returns results on the spot
in much less than one hour, and costs no more than a few dollars.This test has been thoroughly validated, for nasal swabs its limit of detection is approximately 200 copies of virus and for saliva 100 copies.
Regards,
Lisa Waddell, Tricia Corrin, Rukshanda Ahmad, Robyn Odell, Maribeth Mitri, Julie Theriault, Dobrila Todoric, Alejandra Dubois, Christina Bancej, Austyn Baumeister, Anam Khan, Musaab Younis, Lien Mi Tien, Dima Ayache, Angela Sloan, Kaitlin
Young, Chatura Prematunge, Ainsley Otten, Irene Yong, Drew Greydanus, Shalane Ha, Alex Gilbert, Jessie Varga, Vanessa Zubach, Meenu Sharma, Kristyn Burak
Focus areas: Modelling/ prediction, Epidemiology, Transmission, Clinical data, Surveillance, Coronavirology, Diagnostics / Pathogen detection, Therapeutics,
Vaccine Research, Public health interventions, Public Health response, Public Health Priorities, IPAC, Health care response, immunology, economics, animal model, zoonoses, Review Literature, Commentary/Editorial, news
Domaines cibles: Modélisation/prédiction, Épidémiologie, Transmission, Données cliniques, Surveillance, Coronavirologie, Diagnostics
/ Détection d'agents pathogènes, Thérapeutique, Recherche sur les vaccins, Interventions de santé publique, Priorités de santé publique, PCI,
Réponse des soins de santé, immunologie, économie, modèle animal, zoonoses, Revue de littérature, Commentaire/Éditorial, journaux
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PUBLICATIONS |
AUTHORS / AUTEURS |
SOURCE |
FOCI / DOMAINE |
SUMMARY / SOMMAIRE |
Perception and attitude of healthcare workers in Saudi Arabia with regard to Covid-19 pandemic and potential associated predictors |
Abolfotouh, MA, Almutairi, et al |
BMC Infect Dis |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
In a cross-sectional study, HCWs at three tertiary hospitals in Saudi Arabia were surveyed via email with an anonymous
link, by a concern scale about Covid-19 pandemic during 15–30 April, 2020. A total of 844 HCW responded to the survey. 40.3% were nurses, 58.2% had direct patient contact, and 77.3% were living with others. Three-fourth of respondents felt at risk of contracting
Covid-19 infection at work, 69.1% felt threatened if a colleague contracted Covid-19, 69.9% felt obliged to care for patients infected with Covid-19 while 27.7% did not feel safe at work using the standard precautions available. Nearly all HCWs believed that
the government should isolate patients with Covid-19 in specialized hospitals (92.9%), agreed with travel restriction to and/or from areas affected by Covid-19 (94.7%) and felt safe the government implemented curfew and movement restriction periods (93.6%).
Predictors of high concern scores were; HCWs of Saudi nationality (p < 0.001), younger age (p = 0.003), undergraduate education (p = 0.044), living with others (p = 0.003) working in the western region (p = 0.003) and direct contact with patients (p = 0.018). |
|
Knowledge and practice of physicians during
COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study in Lebanon |
Abou-Abbas, L, Nasser, et al |
BMC Public Health |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
A cross-sectional study was conducted in Lebanon between 28th March and 11th April 2020. Data was collected through an online survey. Our survey revealed
that the majority of Lebanese physicians had good knowledge about the disease (89.5%) while approximately half of the respondents adopted good preventive practices (49.7%). The odds of having good knowledge was 2.16 times higher among physicians aged 40 and
above (adjusted OR = 2.16 with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 1.08 to 4.34) compared to their counterparts aged less than 40 years old. Our results also showed that the odds of good practice was 2 times higher among frontline compared to the second line
workers (adjusted OR = 2.01 with 95% CI of 1.21 to 3.34). Physicians with an experience of 10 years and above were 3.35 times more likely to have good practice compared to their counterparts (adjusted OR = 3.35 with 95% CI of 1.60 to 7.02). Finally, participants
with good knowledge of COVID-19 were 2.04 times more likely to have a good practice (OR = 2.04 with 95% CI of 1.01 to 4.12). |
|
Afshar, Parnian, Heidarian, et al |
arXiv |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
This paper introduces a new COVID-19 CT scan dataset, referred to as COVID-CT-MD, consisting of not only COVID-19 cases, but also healthy and subjects
infected by Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP). COVID-CT-MD dataset, which is accompanied with lobe-level, slice-level and patient-level labels, has the potential to facilitate the COVID-19 research, in particular COVID-CT-MD can assist in development of advanced
Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Neural Network (DNN) based solutions. |
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Ahasan, Ahasan, Uddin, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
The major objective of this observation was compared present situation of active cases, death and recovery of people against COVID-19 of Bangladesh and
make comparison with different geological located countries like United States, Canada, Mexico, Italy, Spain, France, Germany, United Kingdom, Russia, India, Pakistan, South Korea, Turkey, Saudi Arabia, Qatar and Bangladesh in the world. Up to 19 June, total
tests, infection, recovered and died was 550567, 100703, 26005 and 1355 in Bangladesh. The total infestation, recovered and death were less than the selective countries of the world. Daily mortality percentage rate was less than 1% where month wise mortality
rate was 12.24488, 2.0678, 1.3073 and 1.2658 % in March, April, May and 19 June, 2020; respectively in Bangladesh. The morality of Bangladesh was lower than the other selective countries of different geological location. Month wise recovered rate was 51.0204,
1.6834, 21.3574 and 31.5782 % in March, April, May and 19 June, 2020; respectively in Bangladesh. |
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|
Ahmed, Rasel, Hasan, et al |
bioRxiv |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
We used diversity analysis of the angiotensin I converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) that serves as cellular receptor for SARS-CoV-2 and transmembrane protease serine
2 (TMPRSS2), which has been proved to be utilized by SARS-CoV-2 for spike protein priming. We also simulated the structure of receptor‐binding domain of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (SARS-CoV-2 S RBD) with the ACE2s to investigate their binding affinity to determine
the potential intermediate animal hosts that could spread the SARS-CoV-2 virus to humans in South Asia. We identified cow, buffalo, goat and sheep, which are predominant species in the household farming system in South Asia that can potentially be infected
by SARS-CoV-2. All the bird species studied along with rat and mouse were considered less potential to interact with SARS-CoV-2. The interaction interfaces of SARS-CoV-2 S RBD and ACE2 protein complex suggests pangolin as a potential intermediate host in SARS-CoV-2.
Our results provide a valuable resource for the identification of potential hosts for SARS-CoV-2 in South Asia and henceforth reduce the opportunity for a future outbreak of COVID-19. |
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Akçay, Burçin, Gökmen, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
This study investigated the effect of COVID-19 on physical activity, perceived stress, awareness of physical activity,
and exercise barriers nationally. Evaluation was made of 1087 participants aged 18-76 years. During the COVID-19 outbreak, 70% of Turkish adults had inadequate physical activity, which was a higher rate than national and global prevalence. It was observed
that the perceived stress level was different in terms of PA levels (F: 23·948, p <0·001), and individuals with vigorous-intensity PA levels had lower stress levels, and individuals with low-intensity PA levels had higher stress levels. The stress levels (p
<0·001) and inactivity levels (p <0·001) of females were higher than those of males, and the 18-29 age group had a higher stress level than other age groups (p <0·001). Although more than 50% of the participants had high physical activity awareness, only 22·40%
were exercising. |
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Al Hashmi, FatimaY, Al Zuabi, et al |
medRxiv |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
We propose herein to evaluate the impact of implementing conservative management as an alternative approach to surgical
appendectomy in the treatment of proven acute appendicitis during COVID19 pandemic. Our study is a prospective multicenter study that includes a cohort of 160 patients admitted to the surgical departments in both Tawam Hospital and Sheikh Shakhbout Medical
City, Abu Dhabi, UAE, for the period from February 2020 till July 2020. Our results showed that 56 of our patients (35%) were treated conservatively, while the other 104 (65%) underwent operative management. There was a significant decrease in length of hospital
stay (LOS) (2.32 days) among the first group compared to the second (2.8 days). Also, short term follow-up showed that 90% of those patients did not require further operative intervention or developed any serious complications. Out of the 110 patients that
were swapped for COVID19, nine (8.18%) were confirmed to be positive. Our protocol was to avoid surgical management for COVID19 positive patients unless indicated. This resulted in (8/9) of COVID19 positive patients to be treated conservatively. Follow up
was achieved by using telemedicine-based follow-up with the aim of empowering social distancing and reducing risk of viral exposure to patients as well as the health care providers. In conclusion, our results showed that the implementation of conservative
management in treating patients with acute appendicitis who were COVID19 positive is a safe and feasible approach that maybe essential in reducing viral transmission risks as well as avoiding operative risks on COVID19 positive patients. |
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|
Albert, CL, Carmona-Rubio, et al |
Circulation |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We report a case of rapid onset, reversible, acute heart failure from SARS-CoV-2 infection presenting as isolated cardiogenic
shock. The endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) demonstrated direct viral infection of the myocardium and myocardial inflammatory cells. While these finding do not conclusively prove a cause and effect relationship between SARS-CoV-2 and cardiac dysfunction, this is
the first demonstration of viral particles present in the myocytes in the context of isolated acute systolic dysfunction with subsequent recovery. |
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Well-Being Effects of Novel
Coronavirus Pneumonia (Covid-19): Moderating Role of Age |
Aliyev, Khatai |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
Outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) is a big threat to social and economic life throughout the world.
Increasing number of cases and death as well as social isolation measures against diffusion of the pandemic are predicted to lower subjective well-being of individuals. Using survey data integrated with daily COVID-19 outcomes, the research aims to identify
well-being effects of pandemic among Azerbaijan population while considering moderating role of age. Empirical findings reveal significant negative well-being impact for youth which disappears in response to age increase. Meanwhile, the pandemic could have
a larger well-being effect through economic effects like fall in perceived income adequacy. Public policy makers should consider direct and indirect well-being effects of COVID-19 over youth and people with lower perceived income adequacy. |
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Almagro, Milena, Coven, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
We document that racial disparities in COVID-19 in New York City stem from patterns of commuting and housing crowding.
During the initial wave of the pandemic, out- of-home activity related to commuting is strongly associated with COVID-19 cases at the ZIP Code level and hospitalization at an individual level. After layoffs of essential workers decreased commuting, case growth
continued through household crowding. A larger share of individuals in crowded housing or commuting to essential work are Black, Hispanic, and lower-income. As a result, structural inequalities, rather than population density, help determine the cross-section
of COVID-19 risk exposure in urban areas. |
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Alvim, RenataGF, Lima, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes |
Trimeric SARS-COV-2 spike (S) protein was produced in serum-free, suspension-adapted HEK293 cells. Highly purified
S protein was used to develop an ELISA, named S-UFRJ test. The S-UFRJ ELISA displayed 98.4% specificity and sensitivity above 90% already 10 days after symptoms onset, allowing early detection of anti-S IgG seroconversion. The overall cost per test was estimated
to be approximately one US dollar. |
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Ammar, N, Aly, et al |
PLoS One |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
Authors assessed the psychological impact of COVID-19 on dental academics globally and on changes in their behaviours.
COVID-19 had a considerable psychological impact on dental academics. |
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Amuedo-Dorantes, Catalina, Kaushal, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Public health interventions*| Interventions
de santé publique |
Using county-level data on COVID-19 mortality and infections, along with county-level information on the adoption of
non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) in the United States, we examine how the speed of NPI adoption affected COVID-19 mortality. Our estimates suggest that advancing the date of NPI adoption by one day lowers the COVID-19 death rate by 2.4 percent. This
finding proves robust to alternative measures of NPI adoption speed, model specifications that control for testing and mobility, and across various samples: national, restricted to the Northeast region, excluding New York, and excluding the Northeast region.
We also find that the adoption speed of NPIs is associated with lower infections, as well as lower non-COVID mortality, suggesting that these measures slowed contagion and the pace at which the healthcare system might have been overburdened by the pandemic.
Finally, NPI adoption speed appears to have been less relevant in Republican counties, suggesting that political ideology might have compromised their efficiency. |
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Anand, M, Pavani, et al |
Trop Med Int Health |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
Authors utilize a commercial Multiplex PCR assay for the early diagnosis of acute respiratory tract infections including
COVID-19 and discuss their epidemiology. Multiplexed PCR may be used as first line for diagnosis of viral infections so that infection control measures can be prioritized and antibiotic administration can be avoided in those who do not require it. |
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Arcari, L, Luciani, et al |
Intern Emerg Med |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
The aim of the present study is to undertake a joint evaluation of hs-Troponin and natriuretic peptides (NP) in patients
hospitalized for COVID-19 pneumonia. Myocardial involvement at admission is common in COVID-19 pneumonia. Independent associations of hs-Troponin with markers of disease severity and of NP with underlying CVD might point toward existing different mechanisms
leading to their elevation in this setting. |
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Ashraf, S, Kuang, et al |
Am J Trop Med Hyg |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
Authors assessed changes in reported defecation practices in peri-urban communities in Tamil Nadu during COVID-19.
The lack of private toilets contributes to the need to leave the house amid a lockdown. Maintaining shared toilets require disinfection protocols and behavioral precautions to limit the risk of fomite transmission. |
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Prolonged Infectious SARS-CoV-2 Shedding from an Immunocompromised Patient |
Avanzato, VictoriaA, Matson, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Long-term SARS-CoV-2 shedding was observed from the upper respiratory tract of an immunocompromised patient with chronic
lymphocytic leukemia and acquired hypogammaglobulinemia. Shedding of SARS-CoV-2 genomic and subgenomic RNA was observed up to 105 days, and infectious virus up to 70 days past the initial diagnosis. Our data indicate that certain immunocompromised patients
may shed infectious virus for longer durations than previously recognized. Detection of of subgenomic RNA is recommended in persistently SARS-CoV-2 positive individuals as a proxy for shedding of infectious virus. |
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The association of treatment with hydroxychloroquine and hospital
mortality in COVID-19 patients |
Ayerbe, L, Risco-Risco, et al |
Intern Emerg Med |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
This study investigates the association between the treatment with hydroxychloroquine and mortality in patients admitted
with COVID-19. Routinely recorded, clinical data, up to the 24th of April 2020, from the 2075 patients with COVID-19, admitted in 17 hospitals in Spain between the 1st of March and the 20th of April 2020 were used. Hydroxychloroquine had been used in 1857
patients. Hydroxychloroquine was associated with lower mortality when the model was adjusted for age and gender, with OR (95% CI): 0.44 (0.29–0.67). This association remained significant when saturation of oxygen < 90% and temperature > 37 °C were added to
de model with OR 0.45 (0.30–0.68) p < 0.001, and also when all the other drugs, and time of admission, were included as covariates. |
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Exploration of the Pregnant Women's Experiences During COVID-19
Disease Crisis: A Qualitative Study |
Bakouei, Fatemeh, Nikpour, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
The study was conducted to explain the pregnant women's experiences during COVID-19 disease crisis. The qualitative
study was conducted with conventional content analysis. Pregnant women selected with purposive sampling from six urban health centers in Babol (North of Iran). The semi structured individual interviews were done by telephone from May 03 to June 10, 2020.
We recruited twelve pregnant women until data saturation. Three theme categories extracted from data analysis. The first was "unpleasant feelings during pregnancy", second category was "adjusted lifestyle" and the third category was “safe pregnancy care”.
The pregnant women experienced unpleasant feelings in this crisis; therefore, they should receive the necessary consulting to maintain mental health. All pregnant women reported some changes in their lifestyle and pregnancy care in order to health considerations
to prevent the disease. Regular training for all pregnant women is necessary to manage this important pregnancy period while maintaining the maternal and fetal health in crisis. |
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Bal, Antonin, Pozzetto, et al |
medRxiv |
Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes |
We evaluated widely-used SARS-CoV-2 serological tests and their potential association with virus neutralization test
(VNT) in a cohort of mild COVID-19 patients. A total of 439 specimens were longitudinally collected from 76 healthcare workers with RT-PCR-confirmed mild COVID-19. Nine serological assays developed by leading global companies (Abbott, DiaSorin, Siemens, Bio-Rad,
Wantai, bioMerieux, Euroimmun) were assessed. For each test the sensitivity to detect SARS-CoV-2 antibodies was determined weekly after symptom onset. Correlation and concordance were assessed using the Spearman and Cohen Kappa coefficients, respectively.
Positive percent agreement and negative percent agreement (NPA) with the VNT were also determined. Results: The Wantai Total Ab assay targeting the receptor binding domain (RBD) within the S protein presented the best sensitivity at different times during
the course of disease. The best correlation between antibody level and neutralizing antibody titer was found with the Euroimmun S1-based IgA assay (Spearman coefficient 95%CI]: 0.71 0.61-0.79]). A moderate concordance (Kappa 95%CI]: 0.430.23-0.63]) as well
as the lowest NPA (33%) was found between the Wantai Total Ab assay and the VNT. Compared to the Wantai Total Ab assay, other total Ab or IgG assays targeting the S or the RBD (bioMerieux, DiaSorin, Siemens,) were more concordant with the VNT (Kappa>0.7 for
the three tests) and had a higher NPA (range: 90% to 97%). Although some assays presented a better concordance with VNT than others, the present findings emphasize that commercialized serological tests including those targeting the RBD cannot substitute VNT
for the assessment of functional antibody response. |
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Baray, Juwel Chandra, Khan, et al |
bioRxiv |
Vaccine Research| Recherche sur les vaccins |
Recent data showed that D614G genotype of the virus is highly infectious and responsible for almost all infection for
2nd wave. Despite of multiple vaccine development initiatives, there are currently no report that has addressed this critical variant D614G as vaccine candidate. Here we report the development of an mRNA-LNP vaccine considering the D614G variant and characterization
of the vaccine in preclinical trial. The surface plasmon resonance (SPR) data with spike protein as probe and competitive neutralization with RBD and S2 domain revealed that immunization generated specific antibody pools against the whole extracellular domain
(RBD and S2) of the spike protein. The anti-sera and purified IgGs from immunized mice on day 7 and 14 neutralized SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus in ACE2-expressing HEK293 cells in a dose dependent manner. Importantly, immunization protected mice lungs from pseudovirus
entry and cytopathy. The immunologic responses have been implicated by a balanced and stable population of CD4+ cells with a Th1 bias. The IgG2a to IgG1 and (IgG2a+IgG2b) to (IgG1+IgG3) ratios were found 0.8-1.2 and 1.14-1.34, respectively. These values are
comparatively higher than relevant values for other published SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in development,1,2 and suggesting higher viral clearance capacity for our vaccine. The data suggested great promise for immediate translation of the technology to the clinic. |
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Barisione, E, Grillo, et al |
Virchows Arch |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
The primary aim of the study is to describe the chronology of lung pathologic changes in COVID-19 by using a post-mortem
transbronchial lung cryobiopsy approach. Histopathologic analysis was performed on thirty-nine adequate samples from eight patients: two patients (illness duration < 14 days) showed early/exudative phase diffuse alveolar damage, while the remaining 6 patients
(median illness duration—32 days) showed progressive histologic patterns (3 with mid/proliferative phase; 3 with late/fibrotic phase diffuse alveolar damage, one of which with honeycombing). Immunohistochemistry for SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein was positive
predominantly in early-phase lesions. Histologic patterns and tomography categories were correlated: early/exudative phase was associated with ground-glass opacity, mid/proliferative lesions with crazy paving, while late/fibrous phase correlated with the consolidation
pattern, more frequently seen in the lower/middle lobes. |
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Undetectable
viral RNA in oocytes from SARS-CoV-2 positive women |
Barragan, M, Guillén, et al |
Hum Reprod |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
A central concern for the safe provision of ART during the current coronavirus disease 2019 (CODIV-19) pandemic is
the possibility of vertical transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection through gametes and preimplantation embryos. Unfortunately, data on SARS-CoV-2 viral presence in oocytes of infected individuals are not available
to date. We describe the case of two women who underwent controlled ovarian stimulation and tested positive to SARS-CoV-2 infection by PCR on the day of oocyte collection. The viral RNA for gene N was undetectable in all the oocytes analyzed from the two women. |
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Barzin, A, Schmitz, et al |
mBio |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Immunology | Immunologie |
This study was aimed at determining asymptomatic spread of SARS-CoV-2 in a suburban, Southern U.S. population during
a period of state restrictions and physical distancing mandates.To estimate point seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 among asymptomatic individuals over time, two cohort studies were examined. The first cohort study, named ScreenNC, was comprised of outpatient clinics,
and the second cohort study, named ScreenNC2, was comprised of inpatients unrelated to COVID-19. ScreenNC identified 24 out of 2,973 (0.8%) positive individuals among asymptomatic participants accessing health care during 28 April to 19 June 2020, which was
increasing over time. A separate cohort, ScreenNC2, sampled from 3 March to 4 June 2020, identified 10 out of 1,449 (0.7%) positive participants. |
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Evaluation of Oxygenation in 129 Proning Sessions in 34 Mechanically
Ventilated COVID-19 Patients |
Berrill, M |
J Intensive Care Med |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
129 proning sessions were identified in 34 consecutively prone patients admitted to the intensive care unit at a single
center in the United Kingdom. Paired analysis of the partial pressure of arterial oxygen(PaO2): fraction of inspired oxygen(FiO2) ratio (PF ratio) (n = 89) and FiO2 (n = 129) was recorded within 3 hours of both the initiation and termination of PP and differences
were assessed with the paired Student’s t-test and Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test. Proning improved the PF ratio by 43.5 ± 54.9 from 99.8 ± 37.5 to 151.9 ± 58.9 (43.6% increase) [p < 0.0001] and reduced FiO2 by 0.17 ± 0.2 from 0.68 ± 0.2 to 0.51 ± 0.2 (25% decrease)
[p < 0.0001]. 82% of proning maneouveres resulted in an improvement in the PF ratio. |
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The 'Great Lockdown': Inactive Workers and
Mortality by COVID-19 |
Borri, Nicola, Drago, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique |
This paper estimates the causal effects of economic lockdown and closure of all non-essential economic activities on
mortality by COVID-19 and on mobility patterns. Results show that the intensity of the economic lockdown is associated to a statistically significant reduction in mortality by COVID-19 and, in particular, for age groups between 40-64 and older. Calculations
indicate that 4,793 deaths were avoided, in the 26 days between April 5 to April 30, in the 3,518 municipalities which experienced a more intense lockdown. Assuming linearity, a 1 percentage point reduction in the share of active population caused a 1.32 percentage
points reduction in mortality by COVID-19. Also found that the economic lockdown, as expected, led to a reduction in human mobility. |
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Bosco-Lauth, A, Hartwig, et al |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A |
Transmission Immunology | Immunologie Animal model | Modèle animal |
We investigated the susceptibility of domestic cats and dogs to infection and potential for infected cats to transmit
to naive cats. We report that cats are highly susceptible to infection, with a prolonged period of oral and nasal viral shedding that is not accompanied by clinical signs, and are capable of direct contact transmission to other cats. These studies confirm
that cats are susceptible to productive SARS-CoV-2 infection, but are unlikely to develop clinical disease. Further, we document that cats developed a robust neutralizing antibody response that prevented reinfection following a second viral challenge. Conversely,
we found that dogs do not shed virus following infection but do seroconvert and mount an antiviral neutralizing antibody response. There is currently no evidence that cats or dogs play a significant role in human infection; however, reverse zoonosis is possible
if infected owners expose their domestic pets to the virus during acute infection. Resistance to reinfection holds promise that a vaccine strategy may protect cats and, by extension, humans. |
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Nation-wide analysis of the impact of Covid-19 pandemic on daily urology practice in Turkey |
Bozkurt, O, Sen, et al |
Int J Clin Pract |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
This study aimed to present a nation-wide analysis of the workload of urology departments in Turkey week-by-week during
Covid-19 pandemic. Covid-19 pandemic significantly effected the routine daily urological practice likewise other subspecialties and priority was given to emergent and non-deferrable surgeries by urologists in concordance with published clinical guidelines |
|
Brigger, D, Horn, et al |
Allergy |
Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes Immunology
| Immunologie |
We compared the diagnostic accuracy of serological immunoassays that are based on various SARS-CoV-2 proteins and assessed
the neutralizing activity of antibodies in patient sera. Consecutive patients admitted with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were prospectively followed alongside medical staff and biobank samples from winter 2018/2019. An in-house enzyme-linked immunosorbent
assay utilizing recombinant receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein was developed and compared to three commercially available ELISAs targeting the nucleoprotein (N), the S1 domain of the spike protein (S1) and a lateral flow immunoassay
(LFI) based on full-length spike protein. Neutralization assays with live SARS-CoV-2 were performed. One-thousand four-hundred and seventy-seven individuals were included comprising 112 SARS-CoV-2 positives (defined as a positive real-time PCR result; prevalence
7.6%). IgG seroconversion occurred between day 0 and day 21. While the ELISAs showed sensitivities of 88.4% for RBD, 89.3% for S1, and 72.9% for N protein, the specificity was above 94% for all tests. Out of 54 SARS-CoV-2 positive individuals, 96.3% showed
full neutralization of live SARS-CoV-2 at serum dilutions ≥1:16, while none of the 6 SARS-CoV-2 negative sera revealed neutralizing activity. |
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Point-of-Care Inflammatory Phenotyping Predicts Clinical Outcome in COVID-19 |
Burke, Hannah, Freeman, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
In combination with a diagnostic point-of-care test (POCT), we used a rapid multiplex cytokine assay to measure serum
IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, IL-1β, GM-CSF, IL-10, IL-33 and IFN-γ in 101 hospitalised patients with confirmed COVID-19 at admission to University Hospital Southampton. Age over 70 years was the strongest predictor of death (OR 28, 95% CI 5.94, 139.45). Cytokines IL-6,
IL-8, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-33 were significantly associated with adverse outcome in COVID-19. Clinical parameters at admission were predictive of poor outcome (AUROC 0.71), with addition of a combined cytokine panel significantly improving the predictability
(AUROC 0.85). In those < 70 years, IL-33 and TNF-α were predictive of poor outcome (AUROC 0.84 and 0.83), and addition of a combined cytokine panel demonstrated greater predictability of poor outcome than clinical parameters alone (AUROC 0.92 vs 0.77). |
|
LUNG ULTRASOUND FINDINGS IN PATIENTS WITH COVID-19
IN AN URBAN EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT IN THE UK |
Burkert, Julia, Dunlop, et al |
medRxiv |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
In this retrospective observational study, 12 Zone ultrasound scans of COVID-19 positive patients were systematically
analysed for pleural irregularities, subpleural consolidations, B lines, deep consolidations and effusions. Lung abnormalities were analysed according to overall frequency, frequency distribution in coronal and sagittal lung planes and were also correlated
to clinical severity groups as determined by oxygenation deficit. Our results show that lung zones with abnormalities can occur juxtaposed to normal lung. Irregular pleural and small subpleural consolidations appear ubiquitously distributed throughout both
lungs and occur early in the disease process. Wide B-lines are a predominant feature in COVID-19 infection. B-lines are found in a variety of patterns with number and width correlated to disease severity. In our analysis we also describe a previously unrecognised
finding of small peri-pleural effusions in 8.7% of scans occurring in all areas of the lung. The current results form the basis for a more thorough understanding of the lung changes occurring in COVID-19 and the incorporation of lung ultrasound in the setting
of COVID-19 infection including triage, diagnosis, treatment approach and prognosis. |
|
Bilateral Facial Nerve Palsy associated with COVID-19 and Epstein-Barr
Virus co-infection |
Cabrera Muras, A, Carmona-Abellán, et al |
Eur J Neurol |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
A 20-year-old male, with no relevant previous medical history, was admitted due to bilateral facial weakness. Two weeks
before, he noticed odynophagia and fever of 39ºC without cough. He associated significant asthenia with headache, myalgia, nausea, and vomiting and he was treated with levofloxacin 500mg qd for 7 days. One week after, during an initial improvement of the respiratory
symptoms, he presented acute right facial weakness. He was diagnosed with right peripheral facial palsy and was treated with prednisone 60 mg/24h with a tapering schedule. |
|
Calligaro, GregoryL, Lalla, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
The utility of heated and humidified high-flow nasal oxygen (HFNO) for severe COVID-19-related hypoxaemic respiratory
failure (HRF) remains unclear. We included consecutive patients with COVID-19-related HRF treated with HFNO and awake proning at two tertiary hospitals in Cape Town, South Africa. The median (IQR) arterial oxygen partial pressure to fraction inspired oxygen
ratio (PaO2/FiO2) was 68 (54-92) in 293 enrolled patients. 137/293 (47%) of patients PaO2/FiO2 76 (63-93)] were successfully treated with HFNO. The setting (ICU versus non-ICU) and HIV status were not associated with outcome. In a resource-constrained setting,
HFNO for severe COVID-19 HRF is feasible even outside of the ICU and averts death or the need for mechanical ventilation in almost half of those who receive it. |
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Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies, in Corsica
(France), April and June 2020 |
Capai, Lisandru, Ayhan, et al |
medRxiv |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Immunology | Immunologie |
Our aim was to assess the seroprevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection
after the lockdown in a sample of the Corsican population. Between 16th April and 15th June 2020, 2,312 residual sera were collected from patients. Prevalence values were adjusted for sex and age. A total of 1,973 residual sera samples were included in the
study. The overall seroprevalence based on ELISA-S was 5.27% 95% confidence interval (CI) 4.33-6.35] and 5.46% 4.51-6.57] after adjustment. Gender was not associated with IgG detection. However, significant differences were observed between age groups (p-value
= 1 E-5) and particularly for people being younger than 50 years of age (Odd ratio (OR) = 2.86 95% CI 1.80- 4.53]; p-value <0.000001*). The prevalence of neutralizing antibody titers ≥40 was of 3% 2.28-3.84]. In conclusion the present study showed that a low
seroprevalence for COVID-19 in Corsica in accordance with values reported for other French regions in which the impact of the pandemic was low. |
|
Caravatta, L, Rosa, et al |
Radiat Oncol |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
In this report, we will focus on a management model covering the two phases of the COVID-19 emergency, namely lockdown-phase
I and post-lockdown-phase II.The following steps were taken in the two phases: workload during visits and radiotherapy planning, use of dedicated routes, measures for triage areas, management of suspected and positive COVID-19 cases, personal protective equipment,
hospital environments and intra-institutional meetings and tumor board management. By comparing our radiotherapy activity from March 9 to May 4 2019 with the same period in 2020 during full phase I of the COVID-19 emergency, similar results were achieved.
First radiotherapy visits, Simulation Computed Tomography and Linear Accelerator treatments amounted to 123, 137 and 151 in 2019 compared with 121, 135 and 170 in 2020 respectively. There were no cases of COVID-19 positivity recorded either in patients or
in healthcare professionals, who were all negative to the swab tests performed. |
|
|
Castellano, G, Infante, et al |
J Nephrol |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Patient 1: A 49-year-old woman on hemodialysis (HD) because of IgA nephropathy was admitted with a dry cough and fever
that persisted for 48 h (38.5 °C), without dyspnea; she was found positive to SARS-CoV-2 (RT-PCR assay). Patient 2: A 36-year-old woman on HD regimen for six years was admitted to our unit with fever (37.2 °C), and a dry cough that started 3 days before admission.
Initial evaluation showed O2 saturation 88% in room air, PaO2 of 52 mmHg and positivity to SARS-CoV-2 swab. Patient 3: A 70-year-old male on HD treatment for 12 years with undiagnosed CKD, diabetes mellitus, and dilated cardiomyopathy was admitted with fever
and was found positive to SARS-CoV-2. Authors suggest that an approach based on early Tocilizumab administration could improve the outcome of COVID-19 atypical pneumonia in patients on hemodialysis, thereby protecting these frail patients. |
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Superinfections in patients treated with Teicoplanin as anti-SARSCoV2
agent |
Ceccarelli, G, Alessandri, et al |
Eur J Clin Invest |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
Analysing bacterial infections in a retrospective multicentric cohort study enrolling 55 mechanically ventilated,
SARS-CoV-2 infected patients treated with best available therapy (BAT) and Tocilizumab. For 34 subjects treatment included also a median of 8 days (range 6-12) course of Teicoplanin administration. Tocilizumab 8 mg/kg (up to a maximum of 800 mg/dose)
twice with an interval of 12h was administered in all patients. Gram-positive superinfections were less frequent in Teicoplanin-treated group than in untreated and their incidence in Teicoplanin-treated was lower than that observed in other studies.
In particular, among 34 patients treated, 35% (12/34) developed a superinfection and only 16% BSIs and 6% bacterial lung superinfections due to Gram-positive pathogens. The 21 Teicoplanin-untreated patients had an incidence of Gram-positive
superinfections. Interestingly, we observed a higher number of Gram-negative BSI and VAP probably related with the changes in the abundance of aerobic bacteria in the intestinal microbiota associated with administration of Teicoplanin and SARS-CoV-2
infection |
|
Chagué, F, Boulin, et al |
ESC Heart Fail |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
We analysed the answers of 124 randomly selected ongestive heart failure (CHF) outpatients (mean age 71.0 ± 14.0 years,
60.5% male) interviewed by phone during the sixth and seventh weeks of the lockdown. During the lockdown, psychological distress and decreased well-being were common in CHF outpatients, and there was an increase in unhealthy lifestyle behaviours. These changes
may negatively impact short-term and long-term prognoses. Medication adherence was maintained, and limitations in access to care were partly counterbalanced by use of telehealth. |
|
|
Chai, PeterR, Dadabhoy, et al |
medRxiv |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique Economics | Économie |
This pilot feasibility study aims to understand the acceptability of patient-facing mobile robotic systems on a national
scale using. This mixed study included an online sampling-based survey, single-site observational clinical trial and development of a decision analytic model. The study took place in a quaternary care, urban, academic, emergency department in Boston, Massachusetts,
USA. For the acceptability survey, we recruited N=1000 individuals living in the United States participating in an online sampling from the survey provider YouGov. In the ED study, we enrolled 40 individuals over 18 years old presenting to the ED for evaluation.
In the pilot ED study, participants were exposed to a mobile robotic system facilitated triage interview controlled by an emergency medicine clinician. Afterwards, participants completed a survey to measure their satisfaction with the robotic system. Acceptability
of mobile robot facilitated tasks in healthcare (national survey), satisfaction with interaction of a robotic system (ED study), number of potential SARS-CoV-2 infections avoided and cost savings (US dollars) per year per ED (decision analytic model). In the
national survey, participants rated the use of robotics for a variety of patient-facing healthcare functions useful or very useful. The perceived usefulness increased when asked to consider these functions in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. In the ED,
40 patients completed study procedures; 92.5% (N=37) reported satisfaction with the robotic system. Most participants (82.5%, N=33) reported their experience being evaluated by a robotic system was as good as an in-person encounter. Our decision analytic model
estimated that robotic evaluations could prevent 2.68 infections per ED yearly and save $1 million annually per ED by decreasing PPE and additional staffing in a triage space. Robotic systems were broadly acceptable across the US and their acceptance increased
in the setting of COVID-19. |
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Belief and Behaviour of Mauritian Social Media Users with Respect to COVID-19 |
Chan Sun, Marie, Jeetun, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
This study had two objectives: (1) To determine the behaviour adopted by a random sample of Mauritian social media
users in the prevention of Covid-19 infection, and (2) To investigate the belief of participants with respect to the disease. A cross sectional study, targeting a random sample of Mauritians, was undertaken by means of an online questionnaire, based on the
Health Belief Model. Participants had a low mean perceived susceptibility and perceived severity. Significant difference in susceptibility among different age groups, place of residence and educational level as well as between participants with comorbidities
and those without. Health education programmes for the prevention of an eventual wave needs to be tailor-made according to age groups, place of residence and education level. |
|
Chan, GY, Rajan, et al |
Ir J Med Sci |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
The focus of this report is to review the clinical presentation of early COVID-19 cases tested by National Ambulance
Service (NAS) in the community and reported by the National Virus Reference laboratory (NVRL), during the 2nd week of March 2020, with particular reference to national guidelines. Cough, fever, contact with a known COVID-19 case and travel to an affected region
were the most common features reported by patients with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection tested in the community. Headache, night sweats, loss of taste without respiratory features (n = 3) and GI symptoms (n = 1) were uncommon characteristics in this
group. Indeed, we noted 3 patients who did not have discernible clinical symptoms of COVID-19, but who did have a positive test result. |
|
|
Chaudhuri, Kausik, Chakrabarti, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
The aim of this study was to quantify how much of the disproportionate disease burden can be attributed to deprivation.
An ecological study was conducted using data derived from the Office for National Statistics data at a Local Authority District (LAD) level in England between 1st March-17th April 2020. We find that in LADs with the highest deprivation quartile, where there
is a 1% increase in “Black-African (regression coefficient 2.86; 95% CI 1.08 – 4.64)”, “Black-Caribbean (9.66: 95% CI 5.25 – 14.06)” and “Bangladeshi (1.95: 95% CI 1.14 – 2.76)” communities there is a significantly higher age-adjusted COVID-19 mortality compared
to respective control populations. The presence of spatial effects and spillover suggest family structures and social networks play an important role. |
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|
Chen, Ningyuan, Hu, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
We extend the SIR model to incorporate the limited testing capacity, which is by far one of the most notable challenges
in the current COVID-19 outbreak. Specifically, on the SIR model, we impose a testing capacity that is shared among the infected and uninfected people. In this capacitated SIR model, we show first- and second-order structural properties of the total infection/confirmed
cases with respect to the testing capacity, degree of testing the uninfected (or level of hospital panic run), incubation/testing turnaround time, and infection rate. In particular, we show the total number of infection cases is concavely decreasing in the
testing capacity. We use COVID-19 data to calibrate our model and point out its public policy implications. |
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|
The Impact
of COVID-19 on Subjective Well-Being: Evidence from Singapore |
Cheng, Terence Chai, Kim, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
We provide novel evidence on how the COVID-19 global health and economic crisis is affecting overall life satisfaction
and domain-specific satisfaction using data from a monthly longitudinal survey of middle-aged and older Singaporeans. Using a difference-in-differences framework, we document large declines in overall life satisfaction and domain-specific satisfaction during
the COVID-19 outbreak, except satisfaction with health. These declines coincide with the introduction of a nationwide lockdown, with life satisfaction remaining below its pre-pandemic levels even after the lockdown is lifted. We also find that individuals
who report a drop in household income during the COVID-19 outbreak experience a decline in overall life satisfaction almost twice as large as those who do not report any income loss. |
|
Chetboun, Mikael, Raverdy, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
The aims of this multicenter retrospective cohort study were to disentangle the association of body mass index (BMI)
and associated metabolic risk factors, with pneumonia outcomes in critically ill patients with COVID-19, and explore the impact of age and sex on this relationship. Participants were COVID-19 patients admitted in intensive care in 21 centers in Europe, Israel,
and USA, between 02/19/2020 and 05/19/2020. Adjusted mixed logistic regression model showed a significant relation between BMI and IMV: odds ratio 1.27 (95% CI, 1.12-1.45) per 5 kg/m2 in the whole cohort, and 1.65 (95% CI, 0.97-2.79) per 5 kg/m2 in females
under 50 years. In conclusion, we observed in critically ill COVID-19 patients, a linear association between BMI and the need for IMV, independent of other metabolic risk factors, and more pronounced in younger females, and a non-linear association between
BMI and mortality risk |
|
|
Coccia, Mario |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Transmission |
The goal of this study is to explain the relation among atmospheric stability/turbulence (considering wind speed),
air pollution and the spread of COVID-19 to provide insights into environmental risk factors of specific regions. Results reveal that cities with high atmospheric stability, based on a low wind speed, and frequently high levels of air pollution – exceeding
safe levels of ozone or particulate matter – had higher numbers of COVID-19 related infected individuals and deaths. This finding suggests that atmospheric stability, based on low wind speed, reduces the dispersion of gaseous and particulate matters (air pollution),
which can act as carrier of the SARS-CoV-2 in the air to sustain the diffusion of COVID-19 in environment, generating problems of public health in society. |
|
|
Cohen, A, Harari, et al |
J Thromb Thrombolysis |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
This prospective study compared consecutive Covid-19 patients (n = 47, median age = 56 years) to patients with acute
myocardial infarction (AMI, n = 100, median age = 59 years) and a group of stable patients with cardiovascular risk factors (n = 64, median age = 68 years). Patients with Covid-19 have increased immature platelets indices compared to stable patients with cardiovascular
risk factors, and as the disease progresses also compared to AMI patients. |
|
|
Conceicao, Xavier FrancelinoA |
arXiv |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
The global regression and the geographically weighted poisson regression (GWPR) techniques are used to model and investigate
relationships between the Coronavirus (covid-19) outbreaks and the socioeconomic as well as the pre-existing health conditions in New South Wales (NSW), Australia. Based on geospatial data analysis and step-by-step procedure in building GWR model, 4 (four)
independent variables are finally selected to investigate relationships between the dependent variable and independent variables. The result of the GWPR model calibration with R2 range between 45-73% exhibits positive relationships between Coronavirus (covid-19)
outbreaks and the total population, the cancers, and the people with age between 60 and 85 in most of the NSW state. Meanwhile, there is negative relationship between the Coronavirus (covid-19) and the ischaemic heart disease. Finally, the model suggests that
the relationship between dependent variable and independent variables are non-stationary, and therefore GWPR model calibration take an important role in geographic modelling at local scale. |
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PMC7500945; Dynamic tracking with model-based forecasting for the spread of the
COVID-19 pandemic |
Cooper, I, Mondal, et al |
Chaos Solitons Fractals |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
In this paper, a susceptible-infected-removed (SIR) model has been used to track the evolution of the spread of COVID-19
in four countries of interest. In particular, the epidemic model, that depends on some basic characteristics, has been applied to model the evolution of the disease in Italy, India, South Korea and Iran. By comparing the published data with model results,
we conclude that in this way, it may be possible to reflect better the success or failure of the adequate measures implemented by governments and authorities to mitigate and control the current pandemic. |
|
Corcoran, Derek, Urban, et al |
medRxiv |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
We modeled early global infection dynamics based on clade assignment along with other demographic and meteorological
factors previously found to be important. Clade, but not variant D614G which has been associated with increased viral load, enhanced our ability to describe early COVID-19 growth dynamics. Including clade identity in models significantly improved predictions
over earlier work based only on weather and demographic variables. In particular, higher proportions of clade 19A and 19B were negatively correlated with COVID-19 growth rate, whereas higher proportions of 20A and 20C were positively correlated with growth
rate. A strong interaction between the prevalence of clade 20C and relative humidity suggests that the impact of clade identity might be more important when coupled with certain weather conditions. In particular, 20C an 20A generate the highest growth rates
when coupled with low humidity. Projections based on data through April 2020 suggest that, without intervention, COVID-19 has the potential to grow more quickly in regions dominated by the 20A and 20C clades, including most of South and North America. |
|
|
Crolley, ValerieE, Hanna, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
This study examined if cancer patients are at increased risk of contracting COVID-19, leading to changes in treatment
pathways in those treated with systemic anti-cancer treatments (SACT). Analysed 2871 patients receiving SACT from 2nd March to 31st May 2020; 68 (2.4%) were diagnosed with COVID-19. Cancer patients receiving SACT were more likely to die if they contracted
COVID-19 than those who did not . Receiving chemotherapy increased the risk of developing COVID-19 , with high dose chemotherapy significantly increasing risk, as did the presence of comorbidities , and having a respiratory or intrathoracic neoplasm. Receiving
targeted treatment had a protective effect. |
|
|
Cromer, SaraJ, Lakhani, et al |
medRxiv |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has disproportionately affected racial and ethnic minority communities across the United States.
We sought to identify individual and census tract-level sociodemographic and economic factors associated with these disparities. All adults tested for SARS-CoV-2 between February 1 and June 21, 2020 were geocoded to a census tract based on their address; hospital
employees and individuals with invalid addresses were excluded. Individual (age, sex, race/ethnicity, preferred language, insurance) and census tract-level (demographics, insurance, income, education, employment, occupation, household crowding and occupancy,
built home environment, and transportation) variables were analyzed using linear mixed models predicting infection, hospitalization, and death from SARS-CoV-2. Among 57,865 individuals, per capita testing rates, individual (older age, male sex, non-White
race, non-English preferred language, and non-private insurance), and census tract-level (increased population density, higher household occupancy, and lower education) measures were associated with likelihood of infection. Among those infected, individual
age, sex, race, language, and insurance, and census tract-level measures of lower education, more multi-family homes, and extreme household crowding were associated with increased likelihood of hospitalization, while higher per capita testing rates were associated
with decreased likelihood. Only individual-level variables (older age, male sex, Medicare insurance) were associated with increased mortality among those hospitalized. This study presents the cascade of outcomes following SARS-CoV-2 infection within a large,
multi-ethnic cohort. |
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Regression Polynomial Analysis of the COVID-19 Epidemics: An Alternative Infection
Modeling |
da Rocha, Armando |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Transmission |
Here, an alternative modeling is proposed: the Collector Infection Model (CIM) involving two not well distinguished
actors: the provider releasing a virus load to others or into the environment, and the collector picking the virus from others or the environment. The present paper uses Polynomial and Linear Regression Analyses to study epidemic data from 8 different countries;
130 regions of these countries, and 117 Brazilian cities. Results shown a synchronized epidemic onset in the European Union countries and a progressive virus spread at various distinct rates in all other studied countries, regions and cities. Polynomial Regression
Analysis shows that the epidemic dynamics has specific signatures for the different studied regions independent of the level (national; state or province; city or their neighborhoods) of the analysis, pointing to a strong influence of human social organization
upon the epidemic evolution. |
|
Dandapat, Saurabh, Bhattacharyya, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
The paper demonstrates the impact of COVID-19 outbreak on travel behaviour in India during the early stage. A questionnaire,
consisting of five stages, was designed for collecting peoples’ responses with respect to various aspects of travel and distributed through various online modes. A total of 3,830 refined responses obtained from various cities across India were analysed using
various statistical techniques. The analysis brings out several interesting findings related to the travel characteristics of people including the trend of ‘work from home’, modal shift, risk perception about travelling on different modes, and expected travel
characteristics during post COVID scenario. The results clearly shows evidences of peoples’ higher risk perception for public transport, intermediate transport, and flights, modal shift in favour of personal vehicles during the initial stage, and expected
delayed recovery of ridership on PT and IPT modes during post COVID era. |
|
|
Deng, CH, Wang, et al |
J Med Internet Res |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
The study used data from an online survey to evaluate the relationship of mental health status and sports-related lifestyle,
and the problems of online physical education has been stated as well. The mental status was significantly correlated with regular exercise and sufficient exercise duration. Professional physical guidance was in need for college students in selected sports.
Exercises not meeting students' preferences, frequent technical problems, and distant interaction of online physical education were the main problems that should be solved in future. |
|
|
Deutsch, Shay, Soatto, et al |
arXiv |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
We introduce an unsupervised graph embedding that trades off local node similarity and connectivity, and global structure.
The embedding is based on a generalized graph Laplacian, whose eigenvectors compactly capture both network structure and neighborhood proximity in a single representation. The key idea is to transform the given graph into one whose weights measure the centrality
of an edge by the fraction of the number of shortest paths that pass through that edge, and employ its spectral proprieties in the representation. Testing the resulting graph network representation shows significant improvement over the sate of the art in
data analysis tasks including social networks and material science. We also test our method on node classification from the human-SARS CoV-2 protein-protein interactome. |
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Routine screening for SARS CoV-2 in unselected pregnant
women at delivery |
Díaz-Corvillón, P, Mönckeberg, et al |
PLoS One |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Objective: To assess the prevalence of SARS CoV-2 infection in an unselected obstetrical population and to describe
their presentation and clinical evolution.To assess the prevalence of SARS CoV-2 infection in an unselected obstetrical population and to describe their presentation and clinical evolution. A cross-sectional study was designed. A total of 586 patients were
tested for SARS CoV-2 during the study period. Thirty-seven pregnant women had a positive test for SARS CoV-2 at admission. Cumulative prevalence of confirmed SARS CoV-2 infection was 6.35% (37/583) [CI 95%: 4.63–8.65]. From confirmed cases, 43.2% (16/37)
were asymptomatic. From symptomatic patients 85.7% (18/21) had mild symptoms and evolved without complications and 14.3% (3/21) presented severe symptoms requiring admission to intensive care unit. Only 5.4% (2/37) of the neonates born to mothers with a positive
test at admission had a positive RT-PCR for SARS CoV-2. |
|
Ding, C, Feng, et al |
Infect Dis Ther |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
This study aims to investigate the association between corticosteroid therapy and the duration of SARS-CoV-2 clearance
among patients with mild COVID-19. Patients with mild COVID-19 were enrolled from two medical centers in China between January 13, 2020 and February 29, 2020. Of 82 patients with a mild infection, 40 patients were male (48.8%), with a median age of 49 years
(interquartile range, IQR 36-61). Among those patients, 36 patients (43.9%) received corticosteroid therapy. The adjusted multivariate models showed that the effects of corticosteroids were non-significant on the durations of onset to first RNA clearance β
2.48, 95% CI (95% confidence interval) - 0.42 to 5.38, P = 0.0926] and to persistent RNA clearance (β 1.54, 95% CI - 1.41 to 4.48, P = 0.3016), and durations of therapy to first RNA clearance (β 2.16, 95% CI - 0.56 to 4.89, P = 0.1184) and to persistent RNA
clearance (β 1.22, 95% CI - 1.52 to 3.95, P = 0.3787). Corticosteroid therapy in patients with mild COVID-19 was not associated with the duration of SARS-CoV-2 clearance, suggesting that the use of corticosteroids may not be beneficial for patients with mild
COVID-19. |
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An integrated clinical and genetic model for predicting
risk of severe COVID-19 |
Dite, GillianS, Murphy, et al |
medRxiv |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
There is an urgent need for accurate prediction of the risk of severe COVID-19 for use in workplaces and healthcare
settings, and for individual risk management. Clinical risk factors and a panel of 64 single-nucleotide polymorphisms were identified from published data. We used logistic regression to develop a model for severe COVID-19 in 1,582 UK Biobank participants aged
50 years and over who tested positive for the SARS-CoV-2 virus: 1,018 with severe disease and 564 without severe disease. Model discrimination was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). A model incorporating the SNP
score and clinical risk factors (AUC=0.786) had 111% better discrimination of disease severity than a model with just age and gender (AUC=0.635). The effects of age and gender are attenuated by the other risk factors, suggesting that it is those risk factors
-- not age and gender -- that confer risk of severe disease. In the whole UK Biobank, most are at low or only slightly elevated risk, but one-third are at two-fold or more increased risk. We have developed a model that enables accurate prediction of severe
COVID-19. Continuing to rely on age and gender alone to determine risk of severe COVID-19 will unnecessarily classify healthy older people as being at high risk and will fail to accurately quantify the increased risk for younger people with comorbidities. |
|
Psychological distress during the COVID-19 epidemic
in Chile: the role of economic uncertainty |
Duarte, Fabian, Jimenez-Molina, et al |
medRxiv |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
The aim of this study was to estimate the extent to which perceptions and expectations regarding the social, economic
and domestic effects of the COVID-19 outbreak are associated with psychological distress, and identify some demographic, psychosocial and economic factors associated with increased vulnerability to psychological distress during the COVID-19 outbreak in Chile.
A representative sample of 1078 Chilean adults participated in a telephone survey between May 30 and June 10, 2020. Psychological distress was assessed through a questionnaire of anxious and depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire-4). We analyze
the data set using ordinary least-squares regression models, first estimating models for the entire sample, and then stratifying the sample into different groups to explore differences by gender and age. 19.2% participants displayed significant psychological
distress, with moderate to severe anxiety-depression symptoms being more prevalent in women than in men (23.9% vs 14.09%, chi square 6.89, p < 0.001). The results of this study suggest that being a woman, feeling lonely and isolated, living in the areas hit
hardest by the pandemic and lockdown, expecting a lack of income due to having to stop working as a consequence of the pandemic, and having a history of mental health diagnosis are significantly associated with psychological distress (p < 0.05). |
|
Duarte, MMS, Haslett, et al |
Epidemiol Serv Saude |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
This was a descriptive case series study; it included cases that became ill between February 21st and April 15th, 2020.
The profile of COVID-19 hospitalized health workers is similar to that of the general population with regard to age and comorbidities, but different in relation to sex. The most affected areas were nursing and medicine. |
|
|
Echtioui, A, Zouch, et al |
SLAS Technol |
Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes |
We propose a novel method of detection of COVID-19. The purpose is to provide clinical decision support to healthcare
workers and researchers. In this work, we introduced a simple but effective convolutional neural network (CNN) model for the detection of COVID-19 disease from chest X-ray images. |
|
|
Eibensteiner, Fabian, Ritschl, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI)
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
The European Pediatric Dialysis Working Group’s (EPDWG) recent Delphi study reported widely variable responses to COVID-19
during the first week of statutory public curfews by Pediatric Nephrology centers in 11 European countries with caseloads of 4 to 680 infected patients per million. In this follow-up study the EPDWG applied the capability, opportunity and motivation model
of behavior (COM-B) to describe determinants of COVID-19 countermeasure implementation rates. 52 countermeasures clustered into eight response domains were categorized by implementation status, drivers and resource dependency. Implementation rates varied widely
among response domains and centers. Center caseloads were insufficient to explain response rate variability. Increasing caseloads resulted in shifts from expert opinion-based to hospital regulation-based decisions to implement additional countermeasures despite
increased resource dependency. COVID-19 countermeasure implementation (changes of ‘institutional behavior’) by EPDWG centers reflected drivers’ ability to overcome each center’s local resource dependency, motivated by local perception of growing global medical
need and leading to heterogeneity of local rules and responses. |
|
|
Developing a Pre-Testing Diagnostic Tool for
COVID-19 Using Big Data Predictive Analytics |
Elitzur, Ramy, Krass, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Healthcare Response |
Réponse des soins de santé |
This study created an instrument based on big data predictive tools to assess pre-test probability for COVID-19. Of
symptomatic patients tested, 6,427 (31.3%) tested positive for SARS-COV-2, and 14,110 (68.7%) tested negative. In all models used headache, shortness of breath, sore throat, fever, and having contact with an infected person came up as most predictive of a
positive test. The area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic curve for the test sample was found to be 0.88 and the misclassification rate was between 4.7% and 6.5% for all predictive models, demonstrating effective classification ability.
Using our pre-test probability screening tool with conventional PCR testing can potentially increase efficiency by 141%. |
|
Enya, T, Sugimoto, et al |
Pediatr Nephrol |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
The patient was a 3-year-old Japanese boy diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome (NS), for which he received induction therapy
with prednisolone (2 mg/kg/day) and achieved complete remission. During the process of prednisolone tapering, the patient was tested using the polymerase chain reaction test for SARS-CoV-2 because he had been in close contact with the infection and subsequently
tested positive. He was transferred and admitted to our hospital for the concurrent management of COVID-19 and NS. On admission, no abnormalities were observed following a general physical examination except for a high fever and eyelid edema. Additionally,
a urinary qualitative analysis revealed that the urinary protein level was positive. Urinary protein level was 6.3 g/gCr. Hematologic examination revealed white blood cells 10,700/μL (neutrophils 90.0%, lymphocytes 7.1%), hemoglobin 13.4 g/dL, and platelets
252,000/μL. Serum creatinine (0.18 mg/dL) and blood urea nitrogen (4.0 mg/dL) were normal. C-reactive protein was slightly elevated at 0.37 mg/dL. Serum total protein and albumin were slightly decreased, 6.3 mg/dL and 3.5 mg/dL, respectively. The lactate dehydrogenase
level was slightly elevated, 348 U/dL. Chest computed tomography imaging showed no consolidations and ground glass opacity. His fever lowered for only 1 day without treatment for COVID-19. Since the urinary protein level increased, we treated him with prednisolone
dosed up to 2 mg/kg/day regarded as recurrence. Urinary findings gradually improved, with remission occurring a week after treatment was initiated. |
|
|
Erőss, B, Molnár, et al |
Trials |
RCT |
We aim to compare the effects of a World Health Organization recommendation-based education and a personalised complex
preventive lifestyle intervention package (based on the same WHO recommendation) on the outcomes of the COVID-19. |
|
|
Fedry, Juliette, Hurdiss, et al |
bioRxiv |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
We previously identified a human monoclonal antibody, 47D11, capable of cross-neutralising SARS-CoV-2 and the related
2002/2003 SARS-CoV. Here we present the structural basis of its neutralization mechanism. We describe cryo-EM structures of trimeric SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 spike ectodomains in complex with the 47D11 Fab. These data reveal that 47D11 binds specifically to
the closed conformation of the receptor binding domain, distal to the ACE2 binding site. The CDRL3 stabilises the N343 glycan in an upright conformation, exposing a conserved and mutationally constrained hydrophobic pocket, into which the CDRH3 loop inserts
two aromatic residues. Interestingly, 47D11 preferentially selects for the partially open conformation of the SARS-CoV-2 spike, suggesting that it could be used effectively in combination with other antibodies that target the exposed receptor-binding motif.
Taken together, these results expose a cryptic site of vulnerability on the SARS-CoV-2 RBD and provide a structural roadmap for the development of 47D11 as a prophylactic or post-exposure therapy for COVID-19. |
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|
Ferrara, G, De Vincentiis, et al |
Am J Clin Pathol |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
Cancer diagnoses fell in 2020 by 44.9% compared with the average number recorded in 2018 and 2019. Melanoma and nonmelanoma
skin cancer represented 56.7% of all missing diagnoses. The diagnostic decrease in colorectal (–46.6%), prostate (–45%), and bladder (–43.6%) cancer was the most relevant among internal malignancies; for prostate, however, high-grade tumors were only moderately
affected (–21.7%). |
|
|
COVID Index: Vulnerability of the Hospital
Structure in Brazilian Microregions |
Ferraz, Diogo, Mariano, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
This study created a COVID Index to verify whether the hospital structures in 27 states and 543 Brazilian microregions
are adequate to deal with COVID-19 and verified whether public policies were implemented in the right direction. The results indicate that hospital structures in the poorest microregions (North and Northeast) were the most vulnerable, although the peak of
COVID-19 occurred in the richest microregions (Sao Paulo) in Southeast Brazil. The Southeast states could relocate hospital resources or even patients between their regions. However, relocation was not possible in many states in the Northeast, as the health
system poorly assisted the interior of these states. These findings reveal that the heterogeneity of microregions’ hospital structures follows the patterns of socioeconomic inequalities. |
|
Direct detection of SARS-CoV-2 using CRISPR-Cas13a
and a mobile phone |
Fozouni, Parinaz, Son, et al |
medRxiv |
Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes |
CRISPR-based diagnostics that utilize RNA and DNA-targeting enzymes can augment gold-standard PCR-based testing if
they can be made rapid, portable and accurate. This paper reports the development of an amplification-free CRISPR-Cas13a-based mobile phone assay for direct detection of SARS-CoV-2 from nasal swab RNA extracts. The assay achieved ~100 copies/μL sensitivity
in under 30 minutes and accurately detected a set of positive clinical samples in under 5 minutes. We combined crRNAs targeting SARS-CoV-2 RNA to improve sensitivity and specificity, and we directly quantified viral load using enzyme kinetics. Combined with
mobile phone-based quantification, this assay can provide rapid, low-cost, point-of-care screening to aid in the control of SARS-CoV-2. |
|
Frithiof, R, Bergqvist, et al |
Crit Care |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Authors find that urinary secretion of SARS-COV-2 is scarce in critically ill COVID-19 patients. In this cohort, SARS-CoV-2
RNA was not more frequently detected in urine of patients that died or developed acute kidney injury. This suggests that determining viral presence in urine will not aid in predicting or grading renal dysfunction or severity of disease in COVID-19. Findings
do not support direct renal SARS-COV-2 infection as an important mechanism of COVID-19-induced AKI, since renal infection likely would result in viral shedding in urine and thus a higher frequency of PCR positivity in urine of patients with AKI. |
|
|
Frondel, Manuel, Kussel, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
Based on a survey among more than 6,000 household heads, this study present early comprehensive evidence for Germany
on the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on perceptions of climate change and climate policy, on health-related and financial experience of the respondents, and on climate-related effects of economic stimulus packages. The main results are as follows: Although
the share of respondents who have been infected is small, there is considerable concern about the health-related and financial impacts of the pandemic. Most notably, climate change remains an important topic: Only six percent state that the importance of climate
change has decreased since the beginning of the year, whereas 23% report that climate change has even gained in relevance. However, preliminary regression results suggest that households suffering financial losses due to the pandemic tend to evaluate climate
change as less relevant than unaffected households. |
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|
Garcia Jr, Gustavo, Sharma, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
This study developed a medium-throughput primary drug screening system and identified a small molecule library of 34
of 430 protein kinase inhibitors that were capable of inhibiting viral cytopathic effect in epithelial cells. And detected key proteins involving in cellular signaling pathways mTOR-PI3K-AKT, ABL-BCR/MAPK, and DNA-Damage Response pathways that are critical
for SARS-CoV-2 infection. A drug-protein interaction based secondary screen confirmed compounds such as Berzosertib (VE-822) and Nilotinib with anti SARS-CoV-2 activity, in which Berzosertib demonstrated potent antiviral activity in a human epithelial cell
line and human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. This study highlights key promising kinase inhibitors to constrain SARS-CoV-2 replication as a host-directed therapy in the treatment of COVID-19 and provides an important mechanism of host-pathogen
interactions. |
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|
Gasparro, Roberta, Scandurra, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé Economics | Économie |
This study aimed at assessing whether perceived job insecurity mediated the relationship between fear of COVID-19 and
depression in Italian dentists. Results supported the mediation effect, showing that fear of COVID-19 affected depression through the action of perceived job insecurity, a*b = 0·05, p = 0·003, 95% CI 0·02, 0·08]. Findings highlighted psycho-social paths leading
fear of COVID-19 to increase the risk of developing depressive symptoms in Italian dentists and informing public health policies. |
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|
Goodlet, KJ, Bansal, et al |
Transpl Infect Dis |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We present a case of a 76‐year‐old, female lung transplant recipient treated for acute cellular rejection with methylprednisolone
and anti‐thymocyte globulin, who subsequently contracted SARS‐CoV‐2 and developed a sharp increase in the mean fluorescent intensity of anti‐HLA antibodies. |
|
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Mental health of undocumented college students during
the COVID-19 pandemic |
Goodman, Jarid, Wang, et al |
medRxiv |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
The present study was conducted to gain a preliminary understanding of the mental health consequences of the COVID-19
pandemic specifically for dreamers, i.e., undocumented immigrants who entered the U.S. as minors. 109 dreamers enrolled at a public university in Delaware completed the survey. We observed remarkably high clinical levels of anxiety and depression: 47% of the
dreamers met the clinical cutoff for anxiety, 63% met the cutoff for depression, and 67% (2 in 3) met the cutoff for anxiety and/or depression. Rates of anxiety and depression in our sample were significantly higher than those recently reported for college
students overall, suggesting that dreamers may be experiencing a more severe mental health impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. We also found that pandemic-induced concerns about finances, COVID-19 infection, immigration, and unemployment were associated with
greater anxiety, stress, and depression among the dreamers in our sample. |
|
Graulich, T, Gerhardy, et al |
Unfallchirurg |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
The aim of the study was to check whether a reduction in the number of trauma patients compared to the mean of the
previous 3 years could be observed. We retrospectively analyzed all patients who presented in the emergency admission from March 1 to April 15, 2020 with the mean of the patients from the previous 3 years 2017-2019. The number of patients in the emergency
admission was significantly reduced in the observation period in 2020 compared to the mean of the previous 3 years. |
|
|
Gumus, T, Cengiz, et al |
J Med Virol |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the disease severity based on chest CT scans
and the temporal evolution of the epidemic. Findings show that COVID‐19 pneumonia was less extensive in participants under 45 years of age and patients presenting late in the course of epidemic (i.e., the late group) compared those presenting earlier. When
each group was subcategorized on the basis of age, older patients in the late group had less extensive lung involvement than older patients in the early group. However, there was no significant difference in the extent of lung involvement in younger patients
between the late and early groups. |
|
|
Mental Disorders of Healthcare Workers Fighting COVID-19: Little Relieved After One
Month |
Guo, Wen-Ping, Min, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
Medical workers in Wuhan and other cities in Hubei Province was requested to fill out an online survey, which assessed
their degrees of anxiety, insomnia, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). A total of 1,091 respondents (32·63% male, 67·37% female) were valid for statistical analysis. The prevalence was anxiety (52·98% with male 50·84% and female 54·01%),
insomnia (78·83% with male 78·09% and female 79·18%), depression (56·10% with male 55·34% and female 56·46%) and PTSD (11·09% with male 10·11% and female 11·56%). Mental disorders of healthcare workers were little relieved one month after they had ended fighting
COVID-19, and potential mitigating factors and interventions is necessary. |
|
Habel, JR, Nguyen, et al |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Immunology | Immunologie |
As the recall of CD8+ T cell memory promotes rapid recovery in, for example, influenza, we investigated circulating
SARS-CoV-2−specific CD8+ T cells from COVID-19 patients. For two HLA-A*02:01 SARS-CoV-2−specific CD8+ T cell epitopes, we found that, while ex vivo frequencies of responding T cells were approximately fivefold higher than for pre−COVID-19 samples, they were
∼10-fold lower than for influenza or EBV-specific memory
CD8+ T cells. Additionally, SARS-CoV-2−specific CD8+ T cells recovered from convalescent COVID-19 patients had an atypically high prevalence of stem cell memory, central memory, and naïve phenotypes |
|
|
Hajifathalian, K, Sharaiha, et al |
PLoS One |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
The objective of this study was to develop and validate a 7-day and 14-day mortality risk prediction model for patients
hospitalized with COVID-19. The COVID-AID risk tool is a well-calibrated model that demonstrates accuracy in the prediction of both 7-day and 14-day mortality risk among patients hospitalized with COVID-19. |
|
|
Halalau, A, Imam, et al |
Ann Med |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
This study investigated if an electronic health record generated risk score can predict the risk of hospital admission
and in-hospital mortality in patients diagnosed with COVID-19. In both validation cohorts of 2,025 and 1,290 COVID-19, the cross-validated C-Statistics showed good discrimination for both hospital admission (C = 0.79 (95% CI: 0.77-0.81)) and in-hospital mortality
(C = 0.75 (95% CI: 0.71-0.78)), respectively. The COVID-19 Risk of Complications Score may help predict the need for hospital admission if a patient contracts SARS-CoV-2 infection and in-hospital mortality for a hospitalized patient with COVID-19. |
|
|
Haq, Mohsina, Rehman, et al |
medRxiv |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique
Immunology | Immunologie |
This cross-sectional study aims to determine the prevalence of SARS CoV2 antibodies and risk factors for seropositivity
of COVID-19 among healthcare-workers working in tertiary care hospitals of Peshawar city, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province Pakistan. The overall seroprevalence of SARS CoV2 antibodies was 30.7% (CI, 27.8 to 33.6) in 1011 HCWs. Laboratory technicians had the highest
seropositivity (50.0%, CI, 31.8 to 68.1). Risk analysis revealed that wearing face-mask and observing social-distancing within a family could reduce the risk (OR:0.67. p<0.05) and (OR:0.73. p<0.05) while the odds of seropositivity were higher among those attending
funeral and visiting local-markets (OR:1.83. p<0.05) and (OR:1.66. p<0.01). In Univariable analysis, being a nursing staff and a paramedical staff led to higher risk of seropositivity (OR:1.58. p< 0.05), (OR:1.79. p< 0.05). Fever (OR:2.36, CI, 1.52 to 3.68)
and loss of smell (OR:2.95,CI: 1.46 to 5.98) were significantly associated with increased risk of seropositivity (p<0.01). Among the seropositive HCWs, 165 (53.2%) had no symptoms at all while 145 (46.8%) had one or more symptoms. |
|
|
Dry loop mediated isothermal amplification assay
for detection of SARS-CoV-2 from clinical specimens |
Higashimoto, Yuki, Ihira, et al |
medRxiv |
Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes |
To establish a point-of-care test for COVID-19, we developed a dry loop mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) method
to detect severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA. We carried out reverse transcription (RT)-LAMP using the Loopamp SARS-CoV-2 Detection kit (Eiken Chemical, Tokyo, Japan). To determine the specificity of the kit, 22 viral genomes
associated with respiratory infections, including the SARS coronavirus, were tested. No LAMP product was detected in reactions performed with RNA from these pathogens. The sensitivity of this assay, determined by either a real-time turbidity assay or colorimetric
change of the reaction mixture, as evaluated by the naked eye or under illumination with ultraviolet light, was 10 copies/reaction. After the initial validation analysis, we analyzed 24 nasopharyngeal swab specimens collected from patients suspected to have
COVID-19. Nineteen (79.2%) of the 24 samples were positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA, as determined by real-time RT-PCR analysis. Using the Loopamp SARS-CoV-2 Detection kit, we detected SARS-CoV-2 RNA in 15 (62.5%) of the 24 samples. Thus, the sensitivity, specificity,
positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the Loopamp 2019-CoV-2 detection reagent kit were 94.0%, 96.0%, 95.9%, and 94.1%, respectively. The dry LAMP method for detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA was fast and easy to use, solves the cold chain
problem, and therefore represents a promising tool for diagnosis of COVID-19 in developing countries. |
|
Hoehn-Velasco, Lauren |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
This paper considers whether the COVID-19 stay-at-home order affected crimes targeting women. We use national municipal-level
crime data from Mexico’s National Public Security System, which reports sexual crimes, lapses in alimony, domestic violence, and femicides. We track monthly changes in crime using an event-study design. Our results show three main patterns. First, lapses in
alimony, sexual crimes, and domestic violence follow a U-shaped trend. Each crime declined and then rose back to their pre-COVID levels. Second, femicides, the most violent crime against women, remained constant during the pandemic. Third, we find that femicides
declined in municipalities with alcohol sales prohibition |
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A multimodal deep learning-based drug repurposing approach for treatment of COVID-19 |
Hooshmand, SA, Zarei Ghobadi, et al |
Mol Divers |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
The present study utilized Multimodal Restricted Boltzmann Machine approach (MM-RBM) to combine two types of data,
including the chemical structures data of small molecules and differentially expressed genes as well as small molecules perturbations. The results demonstrated the significance of the clusters acquired by our model. These clusters were used to discover the
medicines which were remarkably similar to the proposed medications to treat COVID-19. Moreover, the chemical structures of some small molecules as well as dysregulated genes' effect led us to suggest using these molecules to treat COVID-19. The results also
showed that the proposed method might prove useful in detecting the highly promising remedies for COVID-19 with minimum side effects. |
|
Time-series clustering for home dwell time during
COVID-19: what can we learn from it? |
Huang, Xiao, Li, et al |
medRxiv |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
This study investigated the potential driving factors that lead to the disparity in the time-series of home dwell time,
aimed to provide knowledge for policy-making and better mitigation strategies of future pandemics. We perform a trend-driven analysis by conducting Kmeans time-series clustering using fine-grained home dwell time records from SafeGraph using Metro Atlanta
as a study case. Further statistical significance of sixteen demographic/socioeconomic variables from five major categories were assessed. We find that demographic/socioeconomic variables can explain the disparity in home dwell time in response to the stay-at-home
order, which potentially leads to disparate exposures to the risk from the COVID-19. The results further suggest that socially disadvantaged groups are less likely to follow the order to stay at home, pointing out the extensive gaps in the effectiveness of
social distancing measures exist between socially disadvantaged groups and others. Our study reveals that the long-standing inequity issue in the U.S. stands in the way of the effective implementation of social distancing measures. |
|
Iloanusi, Nchebe-Jah Raymond, Iloanusi, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
This cross-sectional study examined COVID-19 related knowledge, attitude, and preventive practices (KAP) among adult
residents of the city of Onitsha in South-Eastern Nigeria. About 60.7% of respondents had high COVID-19 knowledge, 56.4% had a good attitude towards COVID-19 management, and 53.6% adopted good COVID-19 prevention practices. Participants with bachelor/postgraduate
degrees had higher than average COVID-19 knowledge (15.42±0.57, p<0.0001), attitude (1.11±0.10, p<0.0025), and prevention practice (5.02±0.32 p<0.0005) scores. Over half of the participants correctly identified virus as the cause of COVID-19 (60%, p<0.01)
and knew that COVID-19 could be transmitted through contaminated surfaces (59.3%, p<0.05) and infected droplets (58.6%, p<0.05). About three-quarters of the participants (75%, p<.0001) indicated needing more information on COVID-19 compared to only a quarter
(25%, p<.0001) that stated that they experienced no gap in information. |
|
|
COVID-19 pneumonia following double-sleeve lobectomy for lung cancer |
Inanc, Y, Olgac, et al |
Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Here, we report a 54-year-old man who underwent double-sleeve left upper lobectomy for lung cancer and his postoperative
course was complicated with COVID-19 pneumonia. Five days after his discharge from hospital, he was re-admitted with mild fever and bilateral multiple ground glass opacities on his chest CT. PCR testing confirmed COVID-19 infection and he was treated according
to policies established by our nation's health authority. He is still receiving adjuvant chemotherapy and remains well at 3 months after the operation. |
|
Ishmatov, Alexander |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
The results of this analysis demonstrate that the progressive growth in airway geometry and involution atrophy of the
nasal mucosa with age correlates with progressive growth in deaths involving COVID-19 in the United States. It was found that age-, gender-, and even race-related changes in the geometric structure of the upper airway of individuals and the consequential changes
in related physiological functions (efficacy of the air conditioning, filtration processes, total and regional deposition of inhaled air pollutants and infectious agents) can be associated with the enhanced negative impact of air pollution and increased susceptibility
of respiratory cells to SARS-CoV-2, possibly leading to pneumonia and a life-threatening SARS situation. This finding supports the mechanistic understanding of the way how the air pollutants inhalation stimulates a proinflammatory environment within the lungs,
increases susceptibility to infectious agents, leads to loss of immunological control of bacterial colonisation and viral replication. |
|
|
Ji, G, Wei, et al |
J Med Internet Res |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
This study aimed to examine if fear of negative events affects Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) scores
in the context of a COVID-19-fear-invoking environment. Our findings indicate that fear of COVID-19 was associated with a greater Y-BOCS score, suggesting that an environment (COVID-19 pandemic) × psychology (fear and/or anxiety) interaction might be involved
in OCD and that a fear of negative events might play a role in the etiology of OCD. |
|
|
Kalidhindi, RSR, Borkar, et al |
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
In the current study, using primary isolated human airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells from normal males vs. females as
a model, we explored the effect of estrogen vs. testosterone in modulating the expression of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), a cell entry point for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Using confocal imaging, we found that
ACE2 is expressed in human ASM. Furthermore, Western analysis of ASM cell lysates showed significantly lower ACE2 expression in females compared to males at baseline. In addition, ASM cells exposed to estrogen and testosterone for 24 h showed that testosterone
significantly upregulates ACE2 expression in both males and females, whereas estrogen downregulates ACE2, albeit not significant compared to vehicle. These intrinsic and sex steroids induced differences may help explain sex differences in COVID-19. |
|
|
Kamar, AminaA, Maalouf, et al |
medRxiv |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Public health interventions*| Interventions
de santé publique |
Here, we highlight the challenge of forecasting during the pandemic by performing a comparative evaluation for the
estimations obtained from three COVID-19 surge calculators under different social distancing approaches, taking Lebanon as a case study. Despite discrepancies in estimations, the three surge calculators used herein agree that there will be a relative shortage
in the capacity of medical resources and a significant surge in PPE demand as the social distancing policy is removed. Our results underscore the importance of implementing containment interventions including social distancing in alleviating the demand for
medical care during the COVID-19 pandemic in the absence of any medication or vaccine. It is said that ″All models are wrong, but some are useful″, in this paper we highlight that it is even more useful to employ several models. |
|
|
Kapoor, Aanandita, Kapoor, et al |
medRxiv |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
In this paper, our aim is to analyze the cases of deaths among Indian doctors due to COVID-19 infection. Data were
taken from the list of the deceased doctors in India due to COVID-19 infection, which was compiled by the Indian Medical Association (IMA). A total of 382 COVID-related deaths and 2174 infections were reported amongst doctors in India until 10 September 2020,
with a case fatality rate of 16.7% among Indian doctors, which was ten times the CFR of 1.7% in the general population. Among the practicing doctors, after excluding the resident doctors and house surgeons, the CFR was 36.4%, which is almost 22 times more
than what was seen in Indian general population. The average age of COVID-related deaths in Indian doctors was 60.8 years, with a median age of 60; 62% of deaths among doctors were in the above 60 years age group. The maximum number of deceased doctors were
amongst general practitioners 225(58.9%). Among the specialists, most deaths were seen in paediatricians 26(6.8%), medical specialists 24(6.3%), general surgeons 22(5.8%), obstetricians & gynecologists 16(4.2%), and anesthesiologists 14(3.7%). The highest
COVID-19 related deaths in doctors were seen in the Indian states of Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat and Maharashtra in that order. |
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Karim, Md Rezaul, Sah, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI)
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
This study conducted to implement protective measures in healthcare settings during the COVID-19 pandemic in the context
of Bangladesh. It is an observational survey study. A pre-designed open questionnaire electronic link using google form was used to collect data from 500 healthcare workers within Bangladesh in which participants were observed, and variables were measured.
he study findings revealed that among all participants, 70.9% were working in COVID-19 dedicated hospitals, and 1.8% were diagnosed with COVID-19 while working. The study showed that 69.1% of participants washed hands before and after consulting/handling each
patient, 69.1% had readily available rubs/sanitizer in their healthcare facility, and 65.5% adhered principals of handwashing. The study also revealed that only 61.8% used PPE at their workplace, 50.9% used a full set of PPE materials, 76.4% of participants
maintained aseptic precautions for donning/doffing. The study findings recommend that a better understanding and adhering principle of hand hygiene in healthcare settings during the COVID-19 pandemic is crucial. |
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|
Kecojevic, A, Basch, et al |
PLoS One |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
The objective of this study was to assess the factors associated with the increased levels of mental health burden
among a sample of undergraduate college students in Northern New Jersey, the region of the U.S. severely impacted by the outbreak of COVID-19. Descriptive findings indicate that students have a fundamental knowledge of COVID-19 transmission and common symptoms.
Students tend to use and trust the official sources and have changed their behaviors in accordance with public health recommendations (i.e., increased hand washing, wearing mask). However, students reported a number of academic and everyday difficulties and
high levels of mental health distress. High levels of depression were associated with difficulties in focusing on academic work and with employment losses, while higher levels of anxiety were more likely to be reported by students other than freshmen and those
who spend more than one hour per day looking for information on COVID-19. Inability to focus on academic work and an elevated concern with COVID-19 were more likely to be associated with higher levels of somatization, while trusting news sources was associated
with lower levels of somatization. Those with higher levels of perceived stress were more likely to be females, unable to focus on academic work, and report difficulties in obtaining medications and cleaning supplies. |
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Effect of COVID-19 Testing on Its Containment – An Indian Perspective |
Kesharwani, Vaibhav, Banjare, et al |
Research Square prepub |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
In this study, research has been done on 4 months of data in 28 states and 8 Union territories. When the study is being
conducted India had close to 1.3 million cases ranking 3rd in the world. Therefore, the sample size is quite enough to establish the hypothesis. The study is focused on analyzing and synthesizing testing levers along with population and number of cases. Two
constructs namely "Proactiveness Index and Infection Ration" have been devised considering 3 different levers of population, testing, and cases. A relationship has been established and it has been found that in most of the cases Proactive Index and Infection
Ration has an inverse relationship i.e. higher the proactive index, the lower the infection ration. |
|
Kim, YI, Casel, et al |
J Microbiol |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle
des infections (IPAC/PCI) |
The purpose of this study is to establish a safe inactivation method for SARS-CoV-2 without compromising the amount
of amplifiable viral genome necessary for clinical diagnoses. The results substantiate that viable SARS-CoV-2 is readily inactivated when incubated at 56°C for 30 min or at 65°C for 10 min. qRT-PCR of specimens heat-inactivated at 56°C for 30 min or 65°C for
15 min revealed similar genomic RNA stability compared with non-heat inactivated specimens. Heat treatment of clinical specimens from COVID-19 patients at 56°C for 30 min or 65°C for 15 min could be a useful method for the inactivation of a highly contagious
agent, SARS-CoV-2. Use of this method would reduce the potential for secondary infections in BSL2 conditions during diagnostic procedures. |
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|
Kirchmaier, Tom, Villa-Llera, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
The ultimate aim of this paper is to shed light on the direction of causality between poverty and crime. For this we
use the unexpected economic COVID-19 shock as an instrument, as different regions got hit in different ways, and at different times. We show preliminary results, which we are planning to update every month and hence are subject to change. We also document
the spatial and temporal uptake of furlough and unemployment support schemes. We provide near-time insight into the economic impact of the pandemic on crime rates in England and Wales. |
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Kitenge, Erick |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
We investigate household income patterns of COVID-19 infections. We apply econometric methods that account for the
categorical dependent variable and for the fact that the sample, from an untapped dataset by economists, might not be random. Our empirical results reveal that the likelihood to be COVID-19 infected does not depend on how rich or poor an individual is. While
this prima facie finding could be reflective of the missing supply side in the “COVID-19 immunity” market, it shows limitations of policies targeting households’ incomes. Therefore, R&D leading to the production of pharmaceutical methods apt to combat the
virus could sustainably address this specific type of market failure: the missing supply in the presence of an extensive demand. |
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|
Kohli, Michele, Maschio, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Public health interventions*| Interventions
de santé publique Economics | Économie |
We aimed to assess the value of a hypothetical vaccine and its potential public health impact when prioritization is
required due to supply constraints. A Markov cohort model was used to compare COVID-19 related direct medical costs and deaths in the United States (US), with versus without implementation of a 60% efficacious vaccine. To prioritize the vaccine under constrained
supply, the population was divided into tiers based on age; risk and age; and occupation and age; and outcomes were compared across one year under various supply assumptions. For each prioritization strategy, the incremental cost per quality-adjusted life-year
(QALY) gained versus no vaccine was calculated overall and by tier. Overall, the cost per QALY gained for all vaccination strategies was $8,200 versus no vaccination. For the tiers at highest risk of complications from COVID-19, vaccination was cost-saving
compared to no vaccination. COVID-19 vaccine is predicted to be good value for money (cost per QALY gained <$50,000). The speed at which an effective vaccine can be made available will determine how much morbidity and mortality may be prevented in the US. |
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Kouwaki, Takahisa, Nishimura, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Immunology | Immunologie |
RIG-I, a cytoplasmic viral RNA sensor, is crucial for innate antiviral immune responses. In this study, our genetic
data showed that Riplet was a primary ubiquitin ligase for RIG-Iactivation. Our data indicate that Riplet is an essential host factor for the innate immune response against SARS-CoV-2. |
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Chronic Autoimmune Neurological Disorders and Immunosuppression
During the COVID-19 Pandemic |
Kovvuru, Sukanthi, Nalleballe, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We examined the rates of COVID- 19 infection, hospitalizations, intubations and deaths among patients with chronic
autoimmune neurological disorders. Risk of COVID-19 was similar among patients with autoimmune neuromuscular disorders (aNMDs) and multiple sclerosis. About one third of them required hospitalization. Immunosuppression did not appear to impact infection risk
overall in either group; however, risk of hospitalization for immunosuppressed patients with aNMDs was higher |
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Who is the Most Stressed During the COVID-19 Pandemic? Data From 26 Countries and Areas |
Kowal, M, Coll-Martín, et al |
Appl Psychol Health Well Being |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
The COVID-19 pandemic revealed that certain people may be more susceptible to experience elevated levels of stress.
We used the COVIDiSTRESS Global Survey data of 53,524 online participants from 26 countries and areas. The data were collected between 30 March and 6 April 2020. Higher levels of stress were associated with younger age, being a woman, lower level of education,
being single, staying with more children, and living in a country or area with a more severe COVID-19 situation. |
|
Neurologic and neuroimaging findings in patients with COVID-19: A retrospective
multicenter study |
Kremer, S, Lersy, et al |
Neurology |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
This study aimed to describe neuroimaging findings and to report the epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of
patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with neurologic manifestations. In terms of meningoencephalitis involvement, even if a direct effect of the virus cannot be excluded, the pathophysiology seems to involve an immune or inflammatory process given
the presence of signs of inflammation in both CSF and neuroimaging but the lack of virus in CSF. |
|
Kreuger, Janna, Santinon, et al |
medRxiv |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique Immunology | Immunologie
Animal model | Modèle animal |
Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and the antibiotic azithromycin (AZ) are still being used by thousands and numerous hospitals
to treat COVID-19. In a related context, immunotherapy using checkpoint blockade (ICB) with antibodies such as anti-PD-1 has revolutionised cancer therapy. Given that cancer patients on ICB continue to be infected with SARS-CoV-2, an understanding of the effects
of HCQ and AZ on the elimination of tumors by anti-PD-1 ICB is urgently needed. In this study, we report that HCQ alone, or in combination with AZ, at doses used to treat COVID-19 patients, reverses the therapeutic benefit of anti-PD-1 in controlling B16 melanoma
tumor growth in mice. No deleterious effect was seen on untreated tumors, or in using AZ alone in anti-PD-1 immunotherapy. Mechanistically, HCQ and HCQ/AZ inhibited PD-L1 expression on tumor cells, while specifically targeting the anti-PD-1 induced increase
in progenitor CD8+CD44+PD-1+TCF1+ tumor-infiltrating T-cells (TILs) and the generation of CD8+CD44+PD-1+ effectors. Surprisingly, it also blocked the appearance of a subset of terminally exhausted CD8+ TILs. No effect was seen on the presence of CD4+ T-cells,
FoxP3+ Tregs, thymic subsets, B-cells, antibody production, myeloid cells, or the vasculature of mice. Lastly, we identified TCF-1 expression in peripheral CD8+ T-cells from cancer or non-cancer human patients infected with SARs CoV2 as a marker for the effects
of COVID-19 and HCQ on the immune system. This study indicates for the first time that HCQ and HCQ/AZ negatively impact the ability of anti-PD-1 checkpoint blockade to promote tumor rejection. |
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Hallmarks of Alpha- and Betacoronavirus non-structural
protein 7+8 complexes |
Krichel, Boris, Bylapudi, et al |
bioRxiv |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
Here, we present the framework of nsp7+8 complex stoichiometry and topology based on a native mass spectrometry and
complementary biophysical techniques of nsp7+8 complexes from seven coronaviruses in the genera Alpha- and Betacoronavirus including SARS-CoV-2. Their complexes cluster into three groups, which systematically form either heterotrimers or heterotetramers or
both, exhibiting distinct topologies. Moreover, even at high protein concentrations mainly heterotetramers are observed for SARS-CoV-2 nsp7+8. From these results, the different assembly paths can be pinpointed to specific residues and an assembly model is
proposed. |
|
Kubi, Musa Ganaka, Son-Allah, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
In order to support governments’ effort in the prevention of COVID-19, we developed an ARIMA model which was used in
forecasting future COVID-19 cases in selected West African Countries. The forecasting results from this study indicates an increase cases in the coming days. |
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|
Kuchar, E, Załęski, et al |
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Our purpose was to determine the frequency of SARS-CoV-2 in children vs. adults during the 2020 pandemic in Warsaw,
Poland, and to investigate whether RSV and/or influenza A/B infections were associated with SARS-CoV-2 infections. We found 3.26% (15/459) of symptomatic pediatric patients were positive for SARS-CoV-2 in contrast to 5.58% (99/1774) of symptomatic adults (p
= 0.0448). There were no SARS-CoV-2 positive cases in the group of asymptomatic children (0/445) and two positive cases in the group of asymptomatic adults (2/239), i.e., 0.83%. In the group of symptomatic pediatric patients, 17.14% (6/35) (p = 0.0002) were
positive for RSV, 8.16% (4/49) were positive for influenza A, and 2.04% (1/49), thus 10.20% (5/49) (p = 0.0176) for influenza A/B. Children were less prone to SARS-CoV-2 infection than the adults during the COVID-19 pandemic in Warsaw. Higher percentage of
symptomatic children was infected with RSV or influenza A/B than with SARS-CoV-2. This suggests a necessity for the testing for all these viruses for an early identification and isolation of SARS-CoV-2-positive patients for an ensuing 2020 autumn return of
COVID-19. |
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Kudryashova, OlgaB, Muravlev, et al |
medRxiv |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Transmission |
From the literature data and our own research on the propagation of fine aerosols, we simulate herein the carryover
of viral aerosols in indoor air. We demonstrate that a great deal of fine droplets released from an infected person coughing, sneezing or talking propagate very fast and to large distances indoors, as well as bend around obstacles, lift up and down over staircases,
and so on. This study suggests equations to evaluate the concentration of those droplets, depending on time and distance from the source of infection. Estimates are given for the safe distance to the source of infection, and available methods for neutralizing
viral aerosols indoors are considered. |
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Labgold, Katie, Hamid, et al |
medRxiv |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
In this study, we quantified the burden of SARS-CoV-2 infection, hospitalization, and case fatality rates in an urban
county by racial/ethnic group using combined race/ethnicity imputation and quantitative bias-adjustment for misclassification. After bias-adjustment, the magnitude of the absolute racial/ethnic disparity, measured as the difference in infection rates between
classified Black and Hispanic persons compared to classified White persons, increased 1.3-fold and 1.6-fold respectively. These results highlight that complete case analyses may underestimate absolute disparities in infection rates. Collecting race/ethnicity
information at time of testing is optimal. However, when data are missing, combined imputation and bias-adjustment improves estimates of the racial/ethnic disparities in the COVID-19 burden. |
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PMC7456591; Unsupervised learning for county-level typological classification
for COVID-19 research |
Lai, Y, Charpignon, et al |
Intell Based Med |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
The analysis of county-level COVID-19 pandemic data faces computational and analytic challenges, particularly when
considering the heterogeneity of data sources with variation in geographic, demographic, and socioeconomic factors between counties. This study presents a method to join relevant data from different sources to investigate underlying typological effects and
disparities across typologies. Both consistencies within and variations between urban and non-urban counties are demonstrated. When different county types were stratified by age group distribution, this method identifies significant community mobility differences
occurring before, during, and after the shutdown. Counties with a larger proportion of young adults (age 20-24) have higher baseline mobility and had the least mobility reduction during the lockdown. |
|
Lang, Y, Li, et al |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
Human coronaviruses OC43 and HKU1 are respiratory pathogens of zoonotic origin that have gained worldwide distribution.
OC43 apparently emerged from a bovine coronavirus (BCoV) spillover. All three viruses attach to 9-O-acetylated sialoglycans via spike protein S with hemagglutinin-esterase (HE) acting as a receptor-destroying enzyme. In BCoV, an HE lectin domain promotes esterase
activity toward clustered substrates. OC43 and HKU1, however, lost HE lectin function as an adaptation to humans. Replaying OC43 evolution, we knocked out BCoV HE lectin function and performed forced evolution-population dynamics analysis. Loss of HE receptor
binding selected for second-site mutations in S, decreasing S binding affinity by orders of magnitude. Irreversible HE mutations led to cooperativity in virus swarms with low-affinity S minority variants sustaining propagation of high-affinity majority phenotypes.
Salvageable HE mutations induced successive second-site substitutions in both S and HE. Apparently, S and HE are functionally interdependent and coevolve to optimize the balance between attachment and release. This mechanism of glycan-based receptor usage,
entailing a concerted, fine-tuned activity of two envelope protein species, is unique among CoVs, but reminiscent of that of influenza A viruses. Apparently, general principles fundamental to virion-sialoglycan interactions prompted convergent evolution of
two important groups of human and animal pathogens. |
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Lanini, Simone, Montaldo, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
This prospective longitudinal cohort study presents a detailed temporal analyses of complete blood count (CBC) parameters,
their evolution and relationship to patient age, gender, co-morbidities and management outcomes in survivors and non-survivors with COVID-19 disease. Neutrophil counts were on average significantly higher in non-survivors than in survivors. Age, obesity, chronic
renal failure and cardiovascular diseases were independently associated with poor patient clinical outcome at 30 day after symptom onset. |
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Lee, Hyo Yeol, Lee, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
This prospective cohort study aimed to identify the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of inapparent infection.
Among a total of 292 patients in the cohort hospital, 160 (54.8%) patients were asymptomatic at admission. 93 (59.2%) were asymptomatic from the confirmation of COVID-19 until discharge from the hospital. Patients who showed symptom after admission showed
a significant association with underlying disease prevalence compared to patients who were asymptomatic until the admission (21 32.8%] vs. 14 15.1%], respectively; p=0.009). The median time from the date of infection confirmation to two consecutive negative
RT-PCR tests was 28 days (IQR, 23.3–33.8). There was no significant difference in the length of this duration between the groups. |
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|
Leith, DJ, Farrell, et al |
PLoS One |
Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique |
We report on the results of a Covid-19 contact tracing app measurement study carried out on a standard design of European
commuter tram. Our measurements indicate that in the tram there is little correlation between Bluetooth received signal strength and distance between handsets. We applied the detection rules used by the Italian, Swiss and German apps to our measurement data
and also characterised the impact on performance of changes in the parameters used in these detection rules. We find that the Swiss and German detection rules trigger no exposure notifications on our data, while the Italian detection rule generates a true
positive rate of 50% and a false positive rate of 50%. Our analysis indicates that the performance of such detection rules is similar to that of triggering notifications by randomly selecting from the participants in our experiments, regardless of proximity. |
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Li, H, Sun, et al |
Clin Infect Dis |
Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique Diagnostics / Pathogen
detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes |
A 10:1 pooled test strategy on-site at an airport of China was pursued, resulting in increased test throughput, limited
use of reagents, and increased testing efficiency without loss of sensitivity. This testing approach has the potential to reduce the need for contact tracing when the results are delivered first time. |
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Li, X, Liu, et al |
Immunol Res |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Immunology | Immunologie |
This single-center, retrospective study aimed to explore the immune characteristics of COVID-19 and biomarkers to predict
the severity of this disease. The correlation between immune status, cytokine levels, and disease severity was analyzed. Leukocyte numbers were normal in both groups; however, they were relatively high (7.19 × 109/L) in patients of the severe group. Leukocyte
distributions differed between the two groups; the severe group had a higher percentage of neutrophils and lower percentage of lymphocytes compared with the non-severe group, and absolute lymphocyte numbers were below normal in both groups, and particularly
deficient in patients in the severe group. Lymphocyte counts have negative correlation with duration of hospital period whereas neutrophil count has no significant correlation with it. Of tested cytokines, IL-6 levels were significantly higher in the severe
group (P = 0.0418). Low level of lymphocyte predicts severity of COVID-19. IL-6 levels were significantly higher in the severe group, especially in some extremely severe patients. But we did not detect the significant correlation between severity of COVID-19
with IL-6 level which may be due to limited case numbers. Our observations encourage future research to understand the underlying molecular mechanisms and to improve treatment outcome of COVID-19. |
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Estimating Unreported COVID-19 Cases in the United States Based
on Time-Varying SIR Model |
Liu, Lingbo, Bao, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Transmission |
We suggested taking time-varying SIR models with unreported infection rates (UIR) to estimate the factual COVID-19
cases in the United States. This model was applied to estimate and compare the value of transmission rate (TR), UIR, and infection fatality rate (IFR). Despite a decline in TR and IFR, the UIR of the United States is still on the rise, which had been supposed
to decrease with sufficient tests or improved countersues. |
|
Loffi, M, Regazzoni, et al |
Monaldi Arch Chest Dis |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We evaluated the incidence and the clinical relevance of spontaneous pneumomediastinum in a consecutive series of 102
patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. Six cases of pneumomediastinum were identified by high-resolution chest CT-scan. Three patients required early intubation, and one of them died, while in in the remaining subjects the clinical course was benign. The presence
of pneumomediastinum required some changes in the management of mechanical ventilation. In conclusion, spontaneous pneumomediastinum is a possible complication of severe COVID-19 pneumonia that can affect patient management and clinical outcomes. |
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Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 genomes from across Africa reveals
potentially clinically relevant mutations |
Longjohn, Modeline Nicholas, Egbule, et al |
bioRxiv |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
Complete African SARS-CoV-2 genomes deposited in GISAID and NCBI databases as of June 2020 were downloaded and aligned
with genomes from Wuhan, China and other SARS-CoV-2 hotspots. Using phylogenetic analysis and amino acid sequence alignments of the spike and replicase (NSP12) proteins, we searched for possible vaccine coverage targets or potential therapeutic agents. Our
results showed mutations in the spike and replicate proteins of the SARS-Cov-2 virus. Phylogenetic tree analyses demonstrated variability across the various regions/countries in Africa as there were different clades in the viral proteins. However, a substantial
proportion of these mutations (90%) were similar to those described in all the other settings, including the Wuhan strain. There were, however, novel mutations in the genomes of the circulating strains of the virus in Africa. |
|
Looi, JC, Allison, et al |
Australas Psychiatry |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique Healthcare Response | Réponse
des soins de santé |
We investigate the uptake of (1) video and telephone telehealth consultations in April-May 2020, and (2) the overall
changing rates of consultation, i.e. total telehealth and in-person consultations across the larger states of Australia. METHOD: MBS item service data were extracted for COVID-19 psychiatrist video- and telephone-telehealth item numbers and compared with a
baseline of the 2018-2019-financial-year monthly average of in-person consultations for New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria, and Western Australia. RESULTS: Total psychiatry consultations (telehealth and in-person) rose during the first wave of the pandemic
by 10%-20% compared to the previous year. The majority of private practice was conducted by telehealth in April but was lower in May as new COVID-19 case rates fell. Most telehealth provision was by telephone for short consultations of
⩽15-30 min. Video consultations increased from April into
May. |
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|
Lopes, AJ, Mafort, et al |
J Ultrasound Med |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
The aim of this study was to describe findings from lung ultrasound (LUS) and computed tomography (CT) in health professionals
with coronavirus disease 2019 pneumonia and to evaluate the associations of the findings of both tests. Regarding LUS signs, more than 2 B‐lines, coalescent B‐lines, and subpleural consolidations were present in 73.3%, 68.2%, and 24.4% of cases, respectively.
The main findings on CT were ground glass opacities, a crazy‐paving pattern, and consolidations (66.7%, 20%, and 20% of cases); 17.8% of cases had examinations without abnormalities. Patients with more than 2 B‐lines on LUS had more ground glass opacity areas
on CT (P = .0007), whereas patients with subpleural consolidations on LUS had more consolidations on CT (P < .0001). In addition, patients with higher LUS aeration scores had more extensive disease on CT (P < .0001). |
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|
Lopez-Medrano, Francisco, Perez-Jacoiste Asin, et al |
medRxiv |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
The role of combination immunomodulatory therapy with systemic corticosteroids and tocilizumab (TCZ) for aged patients
with COVID19 associated cytokine release syndrome remains unclear. We conducted a retrospective single center study including consecutive patients older than 65 years that developed severe COVID19 between March 3 and May 1, 2020 and were treated with corticosteroids
at various doses (methylprednisolone 0.5 mg/Kg/12 hours to 250 mg/24 hours]), either alone (CS group) or associated to intravenous tocilizumab (400 to 600 mg, one to three doses) (CS/TCZ group). Overall, 181 and 80 patients were included in the CS and CS TCZ
groups. All cause 14 day mortality was lower in the CS/TCZ group, both in the PS adjusted (hazard ratio HR]: 0.34; 95% confidence interval CI]: 0.17 to 0.68; P value = 0.002) and IPTW weighted models (odds ratio OR]: 0.38; 95% CI: 0.21 to 0.68; P value = 0.001).
This protective effect was also observed for 28 day mortality (PS adjusted HR: 0.38; 95% CI: 0.21 to 0.72; P value = 0.003). Clinical improvement by day +14 was higher in the CS/TCZ group in the IPTW analysis only (OR: 2.26; 95%CI: 1.49 to 3.41; P value <0.001).
The occurrence of secondary infection was similar between both groups. The combination of corticosteroids and TCZ was associated with better outcomes among patients older than 65 years with severe COVID-19 |
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|
Cerebral Micro-Structural Changes in COVID-19 Patients: An MRI-Based
Preliminary Study |
Lu, Yiping, Li, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We aimed to identify the existence of potential brain structural changes related to SARS-CoV-2. Findings reveal possible
disruption to micro-structural and functional brain integrity in the recovery stages of COVID-19, suggesting neuro-invasion potential of SARS-CoV-2. |
|
Maas, MB, Kim, et al |
Sleep Breath |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
To study the relationship between Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) and risk of COVID-19 infection and disease severity,
identified by the need for hospitalization and progression to respiratory failure. Patients with OSA experienced approximately 8-fold greater risk for COVID-19 infection compared to a similar age population receiving care in a large, racially, and socioeconomically
diverse healthcare system. Among patients with COVID-19 infection, OSA was associated with increased risk of hospitalization and approximately double the risk of developing respiratory failure. |
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Blood supply sufficiency and safety management in Iran during the COVID-19 outbreak |
Maghsudlu, M, Eshghi, et al |
Vox Sang |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
In this article, we review the action plan of the Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization with respect to COVID-19.
MATERIALS: We collected data on blood donations and RBC inventory for the first 8 weeks of the outbreak. We also evaluated the trend of blood donations and RBC inventory and compared them with the data of the past year. RESULTS: Blood donations decreased from
33 275 to 23 465 units during the first 2 weeks of the outbreak with a corresponding decrease in the RBC inventory. But after that, donations gradually increased from 23 465 to 29 665 units. RBC inventory levels improved at the same time. Then, the Iranian
New Year's holiday resulted in another downward trend. After the holiday, blood donations revived, along with the RBC inventory. |
|
Maiti, Smarajit, Banerjee, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
Here we demonstrate, Theaflavin-3’-O-gallate (TFMG) blocked the entry/exit/catalytic active-site amino-acids of more
than thirty proteins including viral and host proteins. The result suggests that TFMG binds a large number of COVID proteins and human immuno-suppressing, inflammatory, vaso-active proteins which could be therapeutically beneficial for Covid infected patients. |
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Manojkrishnan, CG, A |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique Economics | Économie |
This study is carried out to propose a new theory that can integrate the social and financial stress of the labor force
during the pandemic situation working across Kerala State, India. In this study, we have identified three major social stress constructs viz., Governance, Personal and Societal among the labor force through the Common Factor Analysis (CFA) method. Also observed
three major stressors using Cohen’s effect size; they are difficulty in diagnosing the disease, worry of the disease that it will get affected to the dear ones, and the fear of using public utilities. The general presumption of our theoretical model was identified
stress constructs can create social stress among labor force, which was reconfirmed through the Covariance Based Structural Equation Modeling Approach (CB-SEM). It is observed that during COVID-19 pandemic the labor force across Kerala will value health and
wellness as the most important gain than financial benefits. |
|
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Maras, Jaswinder Singh, Sharma, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes |
This study used a multi-omic approach for the rapid diagnosis and outcome prediction of SARS-CoV-2. Respiratory specimens
of 20 SARS-CoV-2 positive, 20 negative and 5 H1N1 positive cases were subjected to global proteomics, metaproteomics and metabolomics. Identified MX1 (MX Dynamin like GTPase 1) and WARS (Tryptophan--tRNA ligase) as clues to viral diagnosis and outcome which
was validated in 200 SARS-CoV-2 suspects. MX1>30pg/ml and WARS>25ng/ml distinctly segregated virus positives AUC=94%CI(0.91-0.97)], severe and symptomatic patients AUC>0.85%]. SARS-CoV-2 infection mediated a distinct increase in immune activation, metabolic
reprograming and decrease in oxygen transport, wound healing, vitamin and steroid metabolism. Multi-omics profiling correlated with viraemia and segregated asymptomatic COVID-19 patients. Baseline levels of MX1 and WARS can reliably diagnose SARS-CoV-2 infection
and identify patient’s predisposition to higher severity. |
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Immunophenotyping for Risk Stratification of Patients with COVID-19 |
Martín-Sánchez, Esperanza, Garcés, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Immunology | Immunologie |
We performed a holistic and unbiased analysis of 17 immune cell types using flow cytometry immunophenotyping in 802
blood samples from 513 COVID-19 patients obtained at presentation and follow-up, 44 cases with other infection and 36 healthy donors. We found that most COVID-19 patients showed normal patterns of immune response to infection. However, 14% displayed an immune
signature at presentation with skewing of all cell types except neutrophils and plasmablasts, which was significantly associated with severe outcome. B-cells had the strongest impact in patients’ survival and, together with non-classical monocytes, had independent
prognostic value regardless of age and comorbidities. |
|
Martin-Sancho, Laura, Lewinski, et al |
bioRxiv |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
To identify the molecular effectors that govern interferon control of SARS-CoV-2 infection, we conducted a large-scale
gain-of-function analysis that evaluated the impact of human interferon stimulated genes (ISGs) on viral replication. A limited subset of ISGs were found to control viral infection, including endosomal factors that inhibited viral entry, nucleic acid binding
proteins that suppressed viral RNA synthesis, and a highly enriched cluster of ER and Golgi-resident ISGs that inhibited viral translation and egress. These included the type II integral membrane protein BST2/tetherin, which was found to impede viral release,
and is targeted for immune evasion by SARS-CoV-2 Orf7a protein. Overall, these data define the molecular basis of early innate immune control of viral infection, which will facilitate the understanding of host determinants that impact disease severity and
offer potential therapeutic strategies for COVID-19. |
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Matusiak, M, Schürch, et al |
Respir Res |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We analyzed publicly available RNA microarray datasets for SARS-CoV-2 entry receptors and cofactors ACE2, TMPRSS2,
BSG (CD147) and FURIN. We found that ACE2 and TMPRSS2 are upregulated in the airways of smokers. In asthmatics, ACE2 tended to be downregulated in nasal epithelium, and TMPRSS2 was upregulated in the bronchi. Furthermore, respiratory epithelia were negative
for ACE-2 and TMPRSS2 protein expression while positive for BSG and furin, suggesting a possible alternative entry route for SARS-CoV-2. |
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McAndrew, J, O'Leary, et al |
Ir J Psychol Med |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique Healthcare Response | Réponse
des soins de santé |
OBJECTIVES: To determine if the initial COVID-19 societal restrictions, introduced in Ireland in March 2020, impacted
on the number and nature of psychiatry presentations to the emergency department (ED) of a large academic teaching hospital. METHODS: We examined anonymised clinical data of psychiatry presentations to the ED during the initial 8-week period of COVID-19 restrictions.
Data from corresponding 8-week periods in 2018 and 2019 were also extracted for comparison. RESULTS: Psychiatry presentations to ED reduced by 21% during the COVID-19 restrictions, from 24/week to 19/week when compared with corresponding periods in 2018/2019.
We observed increased presentations from the <18 age group, but decreased presentations from the 18-29 age group. We recorded an increase in anxiety disorders during the initial COVID-19 restrictions (31 vs 23), and a reduction in alcohol disorders (28 vs
52). The proportion of presentations with suicidal ideation or self-harm as factors remained unchanged. |
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COVID-19 and its Effect on Emergency Presentations to a Tertiary Hospital with Self-Harm
in Ireland |
McIntyre, A, Tong, et al |
Ir J Psychol Med |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
This study aimed to assess the impact of COVID-19 on presentations to an acute hospital with self-harm. Findings show
that in 2020, the rate of presentation with self-harm dropped by 35% from March to April and rose by 104% from April to May, peaking from mid-May. When trends over a four-year period were examined, there was a significantly higher lethality of attempt (p<0.001),
and significant differences in diagnosis (p=0.031) in 2020 in comparison with the three previous years. The increased lethality of presentations remained significant after age and gender were controlled for (p=0.036). There were also significant differences
in the underlying psychiatric diagnoses(p=0.018), notably with a significant increase in substance misuse disorders presenting during the 2020 study period. |
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Efficacy of tocilizumab in patients with COVID-19 ARDS undergoing noninvasive ventilation |
Menzella, F, Fontana, et al |
Crit Care |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
The aim of this retrospective case-control study was to analyze the efficacy and safety of Tocilizumab (TCZ) in patients
with COVID-19 ARDS undergoing noninvasive mechanical ventilation (NIV). The probabilities of dying and being intubated during the follow-up using Kaplan-Meier method were significantly lower in total patients treated with TCZ compared to those of patients
not treated with TCZ (log-rank p value = 0.006 and 0.036, respectively). However, using Cox multivariate analyses adjusted for age and Charlson comorbidity index only the association with the reduced risk of being intubated or dying maintained the significance
(HR 0.44, 95%CI 0.22–0.89, p = 0.022). Two patients treated with TCZ developed cavitating lung lesions during the follow-up. |
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Pulmonary fibrosis following infection with SARS-CoV-2 in a pregnant woman:
case report |
Moeindarbary, Somayeh, Dadgar, et al |
Research Square prepub |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
In this study, we have reported a pregnant woman at 25 gestational weeks with COVID-19 who has developed severe complications,
including hypoxemia, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), pulmonary fibrosis, and bilateral pleural effusion. In the end, she died one month after admission to the hospital. |
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Mondal, Chittaranjan, Adak, et al |
medRxiv |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Public health interventions*| Interventions
de santé publique |
It is the objective of this work to demonstrate through mathematical modelling and analysis how and to what extent
existing non-pharmaceutical interventions and repurposing drugs can improve the overall Covid-19 epidemic burden. A case study with the Indian Covid-19 epidemic data is presented to visualize and illustrate the effects of lockdown, maintaining personal hygiene
& safe distancing, and repurposing drugs. It is shown that India can significantly improve the overall Covid-19 epidemic burden through the combined use of NPIs and repurposing drugs though containment of spreading is difficult without serious community participation. |
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Moniuszko-Malinowska, A, Czupryna, et al |
Am J Case Rep |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We report the case of a 63-year-old woman with SARS-CoV-2 infection who developed severe COVID-19 pneumonia and was
treated with convalescent plasma. |
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Montiel, V, Robert, et al |
Ann Intensive Care |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
The primary outcome of our study was to evaluate the effect of the addition of a surgical mask on a high-flow nasal
cannula system on oxygenation parameters in hypoxemic COVID-19 patients admitted in ICU who do not require urgent intubation. The secondary outcomes were relevant changes in PaCO(2) associated with clinical modifications and patient's feelings. DESIGN: We
prospectively assessed 21 patients admitted in our mixed Intensive Care Unit of the Cliniques Universitaires Saint Luc. MAIN RESULTS: While FiO2 was unchanged, we demonstrate a significant increase of PaO(2) PaO(2)/FiO(2) and SaO(2), while the patients were
under the surgical mask. The SpO(2) returned to pre-treatment values when the surgical mask was removed confirming the effect of the device rather than a spontaneous positive evolution. |
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Moreno-Galarraga, L, Urretavizcaya-Martínez, et al |
World J Pediatr |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We describe the clinical characteristics, disease presentation, treatments and outcomes of all pediatric cases with
COVID-19 admitted to the reference hospitals in Navarra, Spain during the first wave of the COVID-19 outbreak (February–May 2020). We found a low number of hospitalized cases in infants and children compared to adults with a hospitalization ratio of 1:180.
Most of these hospitalized cases did not suffer from severe disease. Over 80% of infections reported household contacts, and the mother was the known-contact in 83% of these cases. 72% of hospitalized cases were previously healthy children. We describe how
symptoms in pediatric cases are nonspecific and how COVID-19 can be presented with a wide range and variety of symptoms. Respiratory symptoms are not always present, and severe neurological and cardiac features can occur in previously healthy children. |
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PMC7522009; Pregnancy-related anxiety during COVID-19: a nationwide survey of 2740
pregnant women |
Moyer, CA, Compton, et al |
Arch Womens Ment Health |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
The aim of this study is to explore the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on pregnant women's anxiety and identify factors
most strongly associated with greater changes in anxiety. An anonymous, online, survey of pregnant women (distributed April 3-24, 2020) included a modified pregnancy-related anxiety scale (PRAS) reflecting respondents' perception of pregnancy anxiety before
COVID-19 and a current assessment of pregnancy-related anxiety. 25.8% (N = 706) stopped in-person visits, 15.2% used video visits (N = 415), and 31.8% (N = 817) used phone visits for prenatal care as a result of COVID-19. Those planning a hospital birth dropped
from 2641 (96.4%) to 2400 (87.7%) following COVID-19. More than half of women reported increased stress about food running out (59.2%, N = 1622), losing a job or household income (63.7%, N = 1745), or loss of childcare (56.3%, N = 1543). More than a third
reported increasing stress about conflict between household members (37.5%, N = 1028), and 93% (N = 2556) reported increased stress about getting infected with COVID-19. |
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Viral genomes reveal patterns of the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak
in Washington State |
Mueller, Nicola Felix, Wagner, et al |
medRxiv |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
Here, we sequenced 3940 SARS-CoV-2 viral genomes from Washington State to characterize how the spread of SARS-CoV-2
in Washington State (USA) was shaped by differences in timing of mitigation strategies across counties, as well as by repeated introductions of viral lineages into the state. Additionally, we show that the increase in frequency of a potentially more transmissible
viral variant (614G) over time can potentially be explained by regional mobility differences and multiple introductions of 614G, but not the other variant (614D) into the state. At an individual level, we see evidence of higher viral loads in patients infected
with the 614G variant. However, using clinical records data, we do not find any evidence that the 614G variant impacts clinical severity or patient outcomes. Overall, this suggests that at least to date, the behavior of individuals has been more important
in shaping the course of the pandemic than changes in the virus. |
|
Myall, Katherine, Mukherjee, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Outcomes from 1272 patients who were diagnosed in the UK between February and May 2020 are reported here. Telephone
assessment was completed for 696 patients. 321 (50·1%) reported ongoing symptoms and underwent structured assessment. Of these, 10·9% had persistent interstitial lung disease with associated functional impairment. Oral prednisolone was associated with rapid
symptomatic, physiological and radiological improvement. |
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Nadeau, Rachel, Shahryari Fard, et al |
bioRxiv |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
We performed an in-depth computational analysis of the interactome of SARS-CoV-2 and human proteins in infected HEK293
cells published by Gordon et al. to reveal processes that are potentially affected by the virus and putative protein binding sites. Specifically, we performed a set of network-based functional and sequence motif enrichment analyses on SARS-CoV-2-interacting
human proteins and on a PPI network generated by supplementing viral-host PPIs with known interactions. Using a novel implementation of our GoNet algorithm, we identified 329 Gene Ontology terms for which the SARS-CoV-2-interacting human proteins are significantly
clustered in the network. Furthermore, we present a novel protein sequence motif discovery approach, LESMoN-Pro, that identified 9 amino acid motifs for which the associated proteins are clustered in the network. Together, these results provide insights into
the processes and sequence motifs that are putatively implicated in SARS-CoV-2 infection and could lead to potential therapeutic targets. |
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Nakada, LYK, Urban, et al |
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
The aim of this study was to assess environmental and social factors influencing the spread of SARS-CoV-2 in the expanded
metropolitan area of São Paulo, Brazil. Our results reveal that the spread of COVID-19 from the capital city São Paulo—its epicenter in Brazil—is directly associated with the availability of highways within the expanded metropolitan area of São Paulo. As for
social aspects, COVID-19 infection rate was found to be both positively correlated with population density, and negatively correlated with social isolation rate, hence indicating that social distancing has been effective in reducing the COVID-19 transmission.
Finally, COVID-19 infection rate was found to be inversely correlated with both temperature and UV radiation. Together with recent literature our study suggests that the UV radiation provided by sunlight might contribute to depletion of SARS-CoV-2 infectivity. |
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Ng, JA, Miccile, et al |
Phys Ther |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
OBJECTIVE: Prone positioning is an effective intervention for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). An increasing
number of patients with ARDS related to coronavirus disease 2019 require prone positioning, which poses a challenge to the intensive care unit staff at Brigham and Women's Hospital. METHODS: A prone team service of physical therapists and occupational therapists
with critical care experience was established to assist with increasing demands for prone positioning of patients who were mechanically ventilated. RESULTS: The service evolved over 7 weeks, expanding to 24-hour coverage and adding responsibilities to support
the staff as patient volume grew. The volume of requests to the rehabilitation-based prone team generally increased to week 4 and has, since then, declined. Key points for successful implementation included identification of rehabilitation therapists with
intensive care unit experience and leadership qualities, multidisciplinary collaboration, availability of needed positioning devices and supplies to protect the integument, and well-defined roles of all disciplines participating in position change process. |
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Impact of COVID-19 on Delivery of Chemotherapy in Hospitals in
Spain and France |
Niklas, Nicolas, Woolmore, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
We have charted chemotherapy usage before and during the COVID pandemic in 15 hospitals in France and Spain. Delivery
of chemotherapy to patients who had already initiated treatment was maintained at broadly similar pre-COVID levels, but there was a reduction in the number of new cancer patients starting therapy during this time. |
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HIV and SARS-CoV-2 Coinfection - Cross-Sectional Findings from
a German 'Hotspot' |
Noe, Sebastian, Schabaz, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Immunology | Immunologie |
This study aimed to determine the proportion of people living with HIV with anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG-antibodies in a sample
from a large single HIV center in Munich, Germany. Overall, 500 people living with HIV were included in the study. Of those, 22 were found to be positive for SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies, resulting in an estimated seroprevalence of 5.1 % for the entire study
sample. Only two had previously been diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 coinfection. The proportion of Caucasian people living with HIV was significantly smaller in the group with positive when compared to the group of negative test results |
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Nosier, Shereen, Beram, et al |
medRxiv |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health
interventions*| Interventions de santé publique |
More than three months after imposing them, Egypt began lifting many of the restrictions put in place to curb the spread
of coronavirus. Predictions of the potential spread of Covid-19 based on time series Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) and econometric Autoregressive-Distributed Lag (ARDL) forecasting models are utilized in this paper for designing and/or
evaluating countermeasures. The aim of this study is threefold, first using the most recent available data to find the best prediction models for daily cases and death in Egypt and forecast them up to 7 November 2020. Second, to analyze the effect of mobility
on the incidence of the pandemic using Google Community Mobility Reports (GCMR) to evaluate the results of easing lockdown restrictions. Finally, providing some recommendations that may help lessen the spread of the virus and eradicate new deaths as possible.
The results revealed that mobility of population is affecting the incidence of new cases of Covid-19 significantly over the period of the study. Additionally, the total number of infections on November 7 2020 is expected to reach 102,352 cases, while the total
death toll is predicted to be 5,938 according to the most accurate methods of forecasting. Accordingly, in order to sustain the predicted flat pandemic curve, many restrictions must be continued and emergency mechanisms need to be considered. For instance,
adhering to the precautions of social distancing advised by the health minister and the declared hygiene rules to ensure that infection is prevented or transmitted is necessary. Besides, being prepared with re-imposing lockdown strategies and health system
support are essential among others. It should also be noted that this expected pattern can shift, yet that depends on people's actions. |
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Telehealth for delivery of haemophilia comprehensive care during the COVID-19 pandemic |
O'Donovan, M, Buckley, et al |
Haemophilia |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
AIMS: To explore patient and healthcare provider (HCP) experience of telehealth in a European Haemophilia Comprehensive
Care Centre. METHOD: A systematic evaluation was performed to survey patient and HCP experience and compare clinical activity levels with telehealth to in-person attendances. RESULTS: Public health measures implemented in March 2020 to reduce COVID-19 spread
resulted in a 63% decrease in medical/nursing clinic consultation activity compared to the same period in 2019. Implementation of digital care pathways resulted in marked increase in activity (52% greater than 2019). Importantly, enhanced patient engagement
was noted, with a 60% reduction in non-attendance rates. |
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Identification of biological correlates associated
with respiratory failure in COVID-19 |
Oh, Jung Hun, Tannenbaum, et al |
medRxiv |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global public health concern. Recently, a genome-wide association study (GWAS)
was performed with participants recruited from Italy and Spain by an international consortium group. Summary GWAS statistics for 1610 patients with COVID-19 respiratory failure and 2205 controls were downloaded. In the current study, we analyzed the summary
statistics with the information of loci and p-values for 8,582,968 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), using gene ontology analysis to determine the top biological processes implicated in respiratory failure in COVID-19 patients. Results: We considered
the top 708 SNPs, using a p-value cutoff of 5x10-5, which were mapped to the nearest genes, leading to 144 unique genes. The list of genes was input into a curated database to conduct gene ontology and protein-protein interaction (PPI) analyses. The top-ranked
biological processes were wound healing, epithelial structure maintenance, muscle system processes, and cardiac-relevant biological processes with a false discovery rate < 0.05. In the PPI analysis, the largest connected network consisted of 8 genes. Through
literature search, 7 out of the 8 genes were found to be implicated in both pulmonary and cardiac diseases. Conclusion: Gene ontology and protein-protein interaction analyses identified cardio-pulmonary processes that may partially explain the risk of respiratory
failure in COVID-19 patients. |
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Passive Microwave Radiometry (MWR) for diagnostics
of COVID-19 lung complications |
Osmonov, Batyr, Ovchinnikov, et al |
medRxiv |
Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes |
We have tested if passive microwave radiometry (MWR) could be used for early diagnostics of pulmonary COVID-19 complications.
This was a randomized controlled trial (195 subjects) to evaluate the effectiveness of diagnostics using MWR in patients with pneumonia caused by COVID-19 while they are in hospitals of Kyrgyzstan, and healthy individuals. We have measured skin (IR) and internal
(MWR) temperature by recording passive electromagnetic radiation through the chest wall in the projection of the lungs at 30 symmetrical points on both sides. Pneumonia and lung damage were diagnosed by X-RAY/CT scan and doctor final diagnosis (pn+/pn-). COVID-19
was determined by PCR test (covid+/covid-). The best results were obtained between pn-/covid- and pn+/covid+ groups with sensitivity 92% and specificity 75%. Overall, the study suggests that the use of MWR is a convenient and safe method for screening diagnostics
in COVID-19 patients with suspected pneumonia. Since MWR is an inexpensive, it will ease the financial burden for both patients and the countries, especially in low middle income countries. |
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Padala, KP, Wilson, et al |
J Med Internet Res |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
he aim of this study was to examine the capability and willingness of older veterans to participate in a VVC visit
during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted on older veterans (N=118) at the Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System. Participants were interviewed over the phone and responses to the following items were recorded: availability
of internet, email, and an electronic device with a camera; veterans' willingness to complete an appointment via a VVC visit; and availability of assistance from a caregiver for those who were unable to participate in a VVC visit alone. RESULTS: Overall,
53% (n=63) were willing and capable of participating in a VVC visit. The availability of internet access was significantly lower in rural compared to nonrural participants (P=.045) and in those with or less than a high school education compared to those who
pursued higher education (P=.02). Willingness to participate in the VVC visit was significantly lower in rural compared to nonrural participants (P=.03). Of the participants who reported they were able and willing to partake in a VVC visit (n=54), 65% (n=35)
opted for VVC and 35% (n=19) preferred a phone visit. |
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Page, AndrewJ, Mather, et al |
medRxiv |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
As part of the activities of the national COVID-19 Genomics Consortium (COG-UK) we undertook whole genome sequencing
of the SARS-CoV-2 genomes present in positive clinical samples from the Norfolk region. We combined clinical metadata with the sequencing data from regional SARS-CoV-2 genomes to understand the origins, genetic variation, transmission and expansion (spread)
of the virus within the region and provide context nationally. Overall, 1,565 positive samples (172 per 100,000 population) from 1,376 cases were evaluated; for 140 cases between two and six samples were available providing longitudinal data. This represented
42.6% of all positive samples identified by hospital testing in the region and encompassed those with clinical need, and health and care workers and their families. 1,035 cases had genome sequences of sufficient quality to provide phylogenetic lineages. These
genomes belonged to 26 distinct global lineages, indicating that there were multiple separate introductions into the region. Furthermore, 100 genetically-distinct UK lineages were detected demonstrating local evolution, at a rate of ~2 SNPs per month, and
multiple co-occurring lineages as the pandemic progressed. Our analysis: identified a sublineage associated with 6 care facilities; found no evidence of reinfection in longitudinal samples; ruled out a nosocomial outbreak; identified 16 lineages in key workers
which were not in patients indicating infection control measures were effective; found the D614G spike protein mutation which is linked to increased transmissibility dominates the samples and rapidly confirmed relatedness of cases in an outbreak at a food
processing facility. The large-scale genome sequencing of SARS-CoV-2-positive samples has provided valuable additional data for public health epidemiology in the Norfolk region, and will continue to help identify and untangle hidden transmission chains as
the pandemic evolves. |
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Pan, Y, Fang, et al |
J Med Internet Res |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
The aim of this study was to investigate self-reported compliance with four personal measures to prevent COVID-19 among
a sample of factory workers in Shenzhen, China, at the beginning of work resumption in China following the COVID-19 outbreak. METHODS: The participants were adult factory workers who had resumed work in Shenzhen, China. A stratified two-stage cluster sampling
design was used. We randomly selected 14 factories that had resumed work. All full-time employees aged ≥18 years who had resumed work in these factories were invited to complete a web-based survey. Out of 4158 workers who had resumed work in these factories,
3035 (73.0%) completed the web-based survey from March 1 to 14, 2020. RESULTS: Among the 3035 participants, 2938 (96.8%) and 2996 (98.7%) reported always wearing a face mask in the workplace and in other public settings, respectively, in the past month. However,
frequencies of self-reported sanitizing hands (2152/3035, 70.9%), avoiding social and meal gatherings (2225/3035, 73.3%), and avoiding crowded places (1997/3035, 65.8%) were relatively low. |
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Continuing Cancer Treatment in a ‘COVID Hotspot’
in India: Are We Over-Estimating the Risks? |
Parasnis, Amit, Kelkar, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Healthcare Response |
Réponse des soins de santé |
This study describes the treatment of Cancer patients carried out in such a hospital simultaneously alongside COVID
patients in a COVID HOTSPOT in India. A total of 864 patients received treatment for cancer in our hospital during the period of 20th March 2020 to 31st May 2020. This included 626 old patients and 238 new patients. 110 patients underwent 122 surgeries, 658
patients received 1888 cycles of chemotherapy and 205 patients received 3498 fractions of radiotherapy during this period. Only 7/110 (6.36%) surgical patients, 129/658 (19.64%) chemotherapy patients and 14/205 (6.82%) radiotherapy patients had any complications,
but they were not COVID-related. The treatment of 109/864 (12.61%) was delayed due to Pandemic and Lockdown situation and the treatment plan was changed for 84/864 (9.72%) patients. There were 21 deaths in these 864 patients (2.43%) but only 2 deaths were
COVID-related. Only 12 patients were tested for COVID and only 3/864 patients (0.34%) were detected to be COVID positive. |
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Pasdar, Zahra, Pana, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique |
in this ecological study, we aimed to determine the associations between government public health policies on the severity
of the COVID-19 pandemic. Containment policies appeared more effective in younger populations and debt/contract relief in older populations. In European countries, containment policies were generally associated with good outcomes. In non-European countries,
school closures alone had the strongest association with most of the outcomes examined. In high-income countries, health system policies such as public information campaigns and testing were generally effective, in contrast to low-income countries. |
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Patel, CN, Kumar, et al |
Mol Divers |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
Biophysical and structural evidence shows that spike protein possesses a high binding affinity towards host angiotensin-converting
enzyme 2 and viral hemagglutinin-acetylesterase (HE) glycoprotein receptor. We selected HE as a target in this study to identify potential inhibitors using a combination of various computational approaches such as molecular docking, ADMET analysis, dynamics
simulations and binding free energy calculations. Virtual screening of NPACT compounds identified 3,4,5-Trihydroxy-1,8-bis(2R,3R)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-2-yl]benzo7]annulen-6-one, Silymarin, Withanolide D, Spirosolane and Oridonin as potential
HE inhibitors with better binding energy. Furthermore, molecular dynamics simulations for 100 ns time scale revealed that most of the key HE contacts were retained throughout the simulations trajectories. Binding free energy calculations using MM/PBSA approach
ranked the top-five potential NPACT compounds which can act as effective HE inhibitors. |
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On the Temporal Analysis of COVID-19 Pandemic and Prediction of
R 0 |
Patil, Kshitij, Murali, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
With the objective to forecast the COVID-19 cases and Basic Reproductive Number (R0) country-wise, for more than a
month ahead, we have adopted a data driven approach that employs Multiple Aggregation Prediction Algorithm (MAPA) for temporal predictions. The strategy and workflow have been validated for long term predictions (up to 45 days) with 51 countries showing Rising,
Exponential growth and Plateauing number of cases, which contribute to at least 91% of the total number of cases in the world. Thereafter, we have made predictions of the possible number of COVID-19 cases that is likely to be witnessed in the next 45 days
by these 51 countries, the world as a whole and the other 160 countries combined, that are affected by the pandemic. |
|
Paz, C, Mascialino, et al |
PLoS One |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
The purpose of the present study was to identify behaviors during confinement and sociodemographic variables associated
with the mental health status of confirmed or suspected COVID-19 patients who were part of the epidemiological surveillance program in Ecuador that included mandatory confinement and self-isolation. A cross-sectional study was performed from March 22th to
April 18th, 2020 using an online survey. The survey collected socio-demographic information and severity of depressive symptoms using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and anxiety symptoms through the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7. A total of 759 patients
completed the questionnaire, 20.3% presented moderate to severe symptoms of depression and 22.5% moderate to severe symptoms of anxiety. Being a woman and from the Coastal region were risk factors. Exercising, maintaining daily routines, and keeping informed
about the COVID-19 but limiting to an hour was associated with better mental health. |
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Peacock, ThomasP, Goldhill, et al |
bioRxiv |
Transmission Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Animal model | Modèle animal |
SARS-CoV-2 enters cells via its spike glycoprotein which must be cleaved sequentially at the S1/S2, then the S2' cleavage
sites (CS) to mediate membrane fusion. SARS-CoV-2 has a unique polybasic insertion at the S1/S2 CS, which we demonstrate can be cleaved by furin. Using lentiviral pseudotypes and a cell-culture adapted SARS-CoV-2 virus with a S1/S2 deletion, we show that the
polybasic insertion is selected for in lung cells and primary human airway epithelial cultures but selected against in Vero E6, a cell line used for passaging SARS-CoV-2. We find this selective advantage depends on expression of the cell surface protease,
TMPRSS2, that allows virus entry independent of endosomes thus avoiding antiviral IFITM proteins. SARS-CoV-2 virus lacking the S1/S2 furin CS was shed to lower titres from infected ferrets and was not transmitted to cohoused sentinel animals. Thus, the polybasic
CS is a key determinant for efficient SARS-CoV-2 transmission. |
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Peng, Suyuan, Wang, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We aimed to describe two phenotypes of acute kidney injury (AKI), as well as their risk factors and the association
with mortality. Consecutive hospitalized patients with COVID-19 of three hospitals in Wuhan were included. Compared with patients with AKI-early, patients with AKI-late had significantly higher levels of systemic inflammatory markers. Both AKIs were associated
with increased risks of in-hospital mortality. Only hypertension was independently associated with the risk of AKI-early, while age, history of chronic kidney disease, and the levels of inflammatory biomarkers were associated with the risk of AKI-late. |
|
|
Picetti, E, Fornaciari, et al |
PLoS One |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Healthcare Response |
Réponse des soins de santé |
We performed this study to assess the safety of bedside surgical tracheostomy in COVID-19 patients admitted to ICU.
This retrospective, single-center, cohort observational study (conducted between February, 23 and April, 30, 2020) was performed in our 45-bed dedicated COVID-19 ICU. No intraprocedural complications was reported. Stoma infection and bleeding were reported
in 2 patients and 7 patients, respectively, in the post-procedure period, without significant clinical consequences. The mean PaO2 / FiO2 was significantly lower at the end of tracheostomy (117.6 ± 35.4) then at the beginning (133.4 ± 39.2) or 24 hours before
(135.8 ± 51.3) the procedure. However, PaO2/FiO2 progressively increased at 24 hours after tracheostomy (142 ± 50.7). None of the members involved in the tracheotomy procedures developed COVID-19 infection. Bedside surgical tracheostomy appears to be feasible
and safe, both for patients and for health care workers, during COVID-19 pandemic in an experienced center. |
|
|
Pitscheider, L, Karolyi, et al |
Eur J Neurol |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
In this study CK, markers of inflammation, pre-existing diseases and statin use were extracted from records of Austrian
hospitalized COVID-19 patients to study neurological involvement in COVID-19 disease. HyperCKemia occurs in a similar frequency in COVID-19 and influenza infection. |
|
|
IL6-mediated HCoV-host interactome regulatory network and GO/Pathway enrichment
analysis |
Politano, G, Benso, et al |
PLoS Comput Biol |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
In this study authors used the results presented in previous work to perform two different Systems Biology analyses
on the HCoV-host interactome and a Gene Ontology and a Pathways enrichment analysis. Results of the two analyses provide a compact but comprehensive glance on some of the current state-of-the-art regulations, GO, and pathways involved in the HCoV-host interactome,
and that could support all scientists currently focusing on SARS-CoV-2 research. |
|
Priftis, K, Algeri, et al |
Neurol Sci |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
COVID-19 following infection by SARS-CoV-2 can affect the brain causing confusion, depression, and dementia-like signs.
Nonetheless, the presence of more specific neuropsychological signs because of COVID-19 remains unexplored. We report on LA, a patient who was affected by a left-hemisphere ischemic stroke, probably because of SARS-CoV-2. The patient showed a highly specific
neuropsychological profile characterized by severe agraphia and some signs of conduction aphasia. All other cognitive and sensorimotor functions remained intact. We sustain that specific neuropsychological signs can be observed in patients with COVID-19. Therefore,
in-depth and comprehensive neuropsychological assessment should be included to better explore and qualify the neuropsychological consequences of COVID-19. This is a new challenge for diagnosis and rehabilitation, with important consequences for the involved
neuropsychological services. |
|
|
Pullano, Giulia, Valdano, et al |
medRxiv |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
We used temporally resolved travel flows among 1,436 administrative areas of mainland France reconstructed from mobile
phone trajectories. We measured mobility changes before and during lockdown at both local and country scales. Lockdown caused a 65% reduction in countrywide number of displacements, and was particularly effective in reducing work-related short-range mobility,
especially during rush hours, and recreational trips. Geographical heterogeneities showed anomalous increases in long-range movements even before lockdown announcement that were tightly localized in space. During lockdown, mobility drops were unevenly distributed
across regions. Major cities largely shrank their pattern of connectivity, reducing it mainly to short-range commuting. Lockdown was effective in reducing population mobility across scales. Socio-economic and demographic constraints to the efficacy of restrictions
were also identified. |
|
|
Qalati, Sikandar Ali, Ahmed, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
This study aims to investigate the general public knowledge, attitude and behavior regarding COVID-19 in China, India,
and Pakistan. The general public had intermediate knowledge and attitude compared to their behavior regarding COVID-19. Specifically, male and more educated people were more knowledgeable about |
|
|
Qian, Guoqing, Zhang, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We retrospectively analysed the medical records of 127 laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients aged 1 month to 16 years
from Wuhan and Jingzhou of Hubei Province. Children admitted to hospital with COVID-19 were more likely to be male (67.7%) and the median age was 7.3 IQR 4.9] years. All but one patient with severe disease was aged under 2 and the majority (5/7) had significant
co-morbidities. Despite 53% having viral pneumonia on CT scanning only 2 patients had low lymphocyte counts and no differences were observed in the levels of plasma proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-6, tumour necrosis factor
(TNF)- , and interferon (IFN)- between patients with mild, moderate or severe disease. We demonstrated that the immune responses of children to COVID-19 infection is significantly different from that seen in adults. |
|
|
Prevalence of Self-Medication during the COVID-19 Pandemic in
Peru |
Quispe-Cañari, Jean Franco, Fidel-Rosales, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
The study aimed to assess the prevalence of self-medicated drugs used for respiratory symptoms, as COVID-19 preventive,
for its symptoms or once tested positive. The majority of respondents self-medicated with acetaminophen for respiratory symptoms and mainly because they had a cold or flu. Age, region where one lived and job status were variables associated with self-medication
frequency. |
|
Rajput, K, Sud, et al |
Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
The aim of this study is to delineate the trauma patterns and outcomes at Aintree University Teaching Hospital level
1 Major Trauma Centre (MTC) during the COVID-19 lockdown imposed by the U.K. government. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study data from the Merseyside and Cheshire Trauma Audit and Research Network database were analysed. The 7-week 'lockdown period' was
compared to a 7-week period prior to the lockdown and also to an equivalent 7-week period corresponding to the previous year. RESULTS: A total of 488 patients were included in the study. Overall, there was 37.6% and 30.0% reduction in the number of traumatic
injuries during lockdown. Road traffic collisions (RTC) reduced by 42.6% and 46.6%. RTC involving a car significantly reduced during lockdown, conversely, bike-related RTC significantly increased. No significant changes were noted in deliberate self-harm,
trauma severity and crude mortality during lockdown. There was 1 mortality from COVID-19 infection in the lockdown cohort. |
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Continuous positive airway pressure and pronation outside the intensive care
unit in COVID 19 ARDS |
Ramirez, GA, Bozzolo, et al |
Minerva Med |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
BACKGROUND: The efficacy and safety of continuous positive airway pressure and respiratory physiotherapy outside the
ntensive care unit during a pandemic. METHODS: In this cohort study performed in February-May 2020 in a large teaching hospital in Milan, COVID-19 patients with adult respiratory distress syndrome receiving continuous positive airway pressure (positive end-expiratory
pressure = 10 cm H2O, FiO2 = 0.6, daily treatment duration: 4x3hcycles) and respiratory physiotherapy including pronation outside the intensive care unit were followed up. RESULTS: Of 90 ARDS patients treated with continuous positive airway pressure (45/90,
50% pronated at least once) outside the intensive care unit and with a median (interquartile) follow up of 37 (11-46) days, 45 (50%) were discharged at home, 28 (31%) were still hospitalized, and 17 (19%) died. Continuous positive airway pressure failure was
recorded for 35 (39%) patients. Patient mobilization was associated with reduced failure rates (p=0.033). No safety issues were observed. CONCLUSIONS: Continuous positive airway pressure with patient mobilization (including pronation) was effective and safe
in patients with ARDS due to COVID-19 managed outside the intensive care unit setting during the pandemic. |
|
Ramos-Peñafiel, Christian Omar, Rosas-Gonzalez, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We aimed to evaluate the association between laboratory tests and complications risk factors in SARS-CoV-2 infection
in a Mexican population. There was no statistical association between death, and diabetes and hypertension coexistence. The full blood count test showed a higher median of leucocytes count in non- survivors. For hospital mortality, the higher odds ratios were
DHL, ferritin >800ng/ml, and male sex. |
|
|
Rawal, Kamal, Jethani, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
In this study, we observed the demographic profile as well as severity of COVID-19 on different patients and the effect
of unconventional treatment protocol on the |
|
|
Ren, J, Yan, et al |
IEEE J Biomed Health Inform |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health
interventions*| Interventions de santé publique |
Authors develop and validate a novel intelligent computational model to predict epidemiological trends of COVID-19,
with the model parameters enabling an evaluation of the impact of NPIs. Comparative results demonstrate that the introduction of consistent control measures across countries can lead to development of similar parametric models, reflected in particular by
relative variations in their underlying sigma, alpha and mu values. |
|
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Is Karachi Knocking at Herd Immunity? A Possible Reason for Decline in SARS-CoV-2 Infections |
Rezwan, Faiza, Zaidi, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Immunology | Immunologie |
prospective cross-sectional study conducted in the first and second weeks of September 2020 Karachi, Pakistan to report
if seroprevalence has reached the threshold of herd immunity. A total of 2404 subjects’ blood samples were received from healthcare workers, the industrial workforce, and healthy blood donors. Seroprevalence in industrial workers was highest (70%) as compared
to healthcare workers (40%). Overall seropositivity in males (39%) was higher than females (16%). Blood donors (all males) showed a seropositivity of 37.8%. The co-morbid state was not significantly associated with seropositivity (p-value >0.05). Total cases
of antibody-positive were 1322 of 2100 (55 %). Results confirmed the current seroprevalence of 55% in the adult population in Karachi. There was a sharp rise from 36% reported previously in July. This rise coincided with a sharp decline in new reported COVID
cases. |
|
Robillard, Rebecca, Saad, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
This population survey study presents cohort characteristics and baseline observations linked to the acute-mid phase
of the COVID-19 outbreak in terms of perceived threats and concerns, occupational and financial impacts, social impacts and stress. There was a significant increase from average low to moderate stress during the COVID-19 outbreak. Some independent factors
associated with stress worsening included: having a mental disorder, female sex, having underage children, heavier alcohol consumption, working with the general public, younger age, worse symptoms that could be linked to COVID-19, left wing political views,
worse family relationships. |
|
|
Rosas-Lemus, M, Minasov, et al |
Sci Signal |
Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
To facilitate structure-based drug design, authors conducted an x-ray crystallographic study of the SARS-CoV-2 nsp16-nsp10
2'-O-methyltransferase complex, which methylates Cap-0 viral mRNAs to improve viral protein translation and to avoid host immune detection. These various sites and the conserved dimer interface could be exploited for the development of antiviral inhibitors. |
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Inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 in Vero cell cultures by peptide-conjugated
morpholino-oligomers |
Rosenke, Kyle, Leventhal, et al |
bioRxiv |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
Five peptide-conjugated morpholino oligomers (PPMOs) designed against sequences of genomic RNA in the SARS-CoV-2 5'-untranslated
region and a negative control PPMO of random sequence were synthesized. Each PPMO was evaluated for its effect on the viability of uninfected cells and its inhibitory effect on the replication of SARS-CoV-2 in Vero-E6 cell cultures. Cell viability was evaluated
with an ATP-based method and viral growth was measured with quantitative RT-PCR and TCID50 infectivity assays. PPMO designed to base-pair with sequence in the 5'-terminal region or the leader transcription regulatory sequence-region of SARS-CoV-2 genomic RNA
were highly efficacious, reducing viral titers by up to 4-6 log10 in cell cultures at 48-72 hours post-infection, in a non-toxic and dose-responsive manner. |
|
Rudwan, Samer Jamil, Al-Owidha, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
This study explored the differences in mental health, the COVID19 related symptoms of Post-traumatic stress disorder
(PTSD), and self-efficiency among three Arab countries; Syria, Saudi Arabia and Sultanate of Oman and the effectiveness of COVID19 related to PTSD symptoms and self-efficiency of mental health. Results showed differences among these three societies regarding
the study's variables. Especially Syrians who achieved a low level of mental health and self-efficiency and high level of the PTSD symptoms compared to the Saudis and Omanis samples. There were several differences between the Saudis and Omanis samples. Multiple
regression analysis had shown that the COVID19 related PTSD symptoms and self-efficiency considered to be good predictors of mental health. |
|
|
S, Banu Priya, N, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
This study aims to explore the insilico properties and molecular docking studies of Sudarshan churna, an ayurvedic
preparation of many herbal powders, against COVID19. The druglikeness of 202 compounds were evaluated and molecular docking for these compounds were performed against SARS CoV-2 proteins by insilico techniques. The active constituents of Sudarshan Churna have
good anti SARS CoV-2 activity and can serve as a lead against the SARS CoV-2. |
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Psychosocial Impact of COVID-19 Quarantine in South India: A Online
Cross-Sectional Survey |
S, Narrain Shree, K, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
The present study sought to determine knowledge, attitude and behavior (KAB) of South Indian population toward COVID-19
Quarantine. 280 responses were received. The responders had a moderate level of knowledge about the COVID-19 infection and adequate knowledge about its preventive aspects. In this study, panic about acquiring COVID-19 infection during purchase and travel were
reported in 29.5% and 11% participants respectively. The perceived Physical healthcare need was seen in more than 69% of participants. |
|
Recent endemic coronavirus infection is associated with less severe COVID-19 |
Sagar, M, Reifler, et al |
J Clin Invest |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
The patients with a previously detected endemic coronaviruses (eCoVs) had less severe coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19)
illness. Our observations suggest that pre-existing immune responses against endemic human coronaviruses can mitigate disease manifestations from SARS-CoV-2 infection. |
|
Saglietto, A, D'Ascenzo, et al |
Minerva Cardioangiol |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
The aim of this analysis was to assess the real impact of COVID-19 through the analysis of 2020 Italian all-cause mortality
data compared to historical series. The analysis of all-cause mortality data in Italy indicates that reported COVID-19-related deaths are an underestimate of the actual death toll. |
|
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COVID-19 vaccine BNT162b1 elicits human antibody and T(H)1 T-cell responses |
Sahin, U, Muik, et al |
Nature |
Vaccine Research| Recherche sur les vaccins |
Authors reported safety, tolerability and antibody response data from an ongoing placebo-controlled, observer-blinded
phase 1/2 COVID-19 vaccine trial with BNT162b1, a lipid nanoparticle (LNP) formulated nucleoside-modified messenger RNA (mRNA) encoding the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein(1). The robust RBD-specific antibody, T-cell and favourable
cytokine responses induced by the BNT162b1 mRNA vaccine suggest multiple beneficial mechanisms with potential to protect against COVID-19. |
|
Genopo: a nanopore sequencing analysis toolkit for portable Android devices |
Samarakoon, H, Punchihewa, et al |
Commun Biol |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
Authors introduce Genopo, a mobile toolkit for nanopore sequencing analysis. They use Genopo to determine the complete
genome sequence of the human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 in nine patient isolates sequenced on a nanopore device, with Genopo executing this workflow in less than 30 min per sample on a range of popular smartphones. |
|
Satyakti, Yayan |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique |
This paper investigates how social behavior such as people responding to news and economic performance will influence
on human mobility and confirming positive case of COVID-19. The results found that without policy the spreading case of COVID-19 will increase about 8 million cases, whereas with policy the unreported COVID-19 confirmed case about 1.9 – 2 times of government
publicly report. |
|
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Examining Australian public perceptions and behaviors
towards a future COVID-19 vaccine |
Seale, Holly, Heywood, et al |
medRxiv |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
This study aimed to understand the public perceptions regarding a future COVID-19 vaccine in Australia. A national
cross-sectional online survey of 1420 Australian adults was undertaken between 18 and 24 March 2020. The statistical analysis of the data included univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Eighty percent (n=1143) agreed with the statement that
getting myself vaccinated for COVID-19 would be a good way to protect myself against infection. Females (614, 83%) were more likely to agree with the statement than males (529, 78%) (aOR=1.4 (95% CI: 1.1-1.8); P=0.029), while 90.9% aged 70 and above agreed
compared to 76.6% aged 18-29 year old (aOR=2.3 (95% CI:1.2-4.1); 0.008). Agreement was also higher for those with a self-reported chronic disease (aOR=1.4 (95% CI: 1.1-2.0); P=0.043) and among those who held private health insurance (aOR=1.7 (95% CI: 1.3-2.3);
P<0.001). Beyond individual perceptions, 78% stated that their decision to vaccinate would be supported by family and friends. To support an effective launch of these new vaccines, governments need to use this time to understand the communities concerns and
to identify the strategies that will support engagement. |
|
Selwyn, D, Yang, et al |
Clin Otolaryngol |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
OBJECTIVES: Our primary aim was to validate the Liverpool Peritonsillar abscess Score (LPS) externally in a new patient
cohort. Our secondary aim was to modify the LPS in the light of the Covid-19 pandemic to produce a no-examination variant for use in this instance. DESIGN: Prospective, multicentre external validation study SETTING: Six different secondary care institutions
across the United Kingdom PARTICIPANTS: Patients over 16 years old who were referred to ENT with any uncomplicated sore throat such a tonsillitis or peritonsillar abscess (PTA) MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and
negative predictive value for both the original LPS model and the modified model for Covid-19. RESULTS: The LPS model had sensitivity and specificity calculated at 98% and 79% respectively. The LPS has a high negative predictive value (NPV) of 99%. The positive
predictive value (PPV) was slightly lower at 63%. |
|
|
Shang, Hua, Zhao, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
Here, we prepared a renewable wheat straw-based bio-liquid that can damage SARS-CoV-2 RNA and protein. The wet thermochemical
extraction (WTE) bio-liquid, with total organic carbon concentration exceeding 1,892 mg/L, could effectively damage the virus. The antiviral bio-liquid produced from agricultural straw can meet the needs of preventing the spread of SARS-CoV-2 from solid waste
to humans to control the epidemic and resume the sustainable development of society. |
|
|
Challenges of Nurses in the Caring Process of Patients with COVID-19
in Iran: A Qualitative Study |
Sharififar, Simintaj, Moradi, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
The present study was carried out using a qualitative method to detect the challenges to which nurses are faced in
the process of caring for patients with COVID-19 in Iran. Challenges of the nurses in the caring process of patients with COVID-19 were listed in five categories of stress and psychological issues, equipment-related challenges, increased events of errors,
medication and treatment problems, and hospital management. |
|
Shastri, Jayanthi, Parikh, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
RNA was extracted from nasopharyngeal plus oropharyngeal samples from four HCWs who were SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR positive
in May/June and then again in July. Anti-NC antibody testing was performed after the second infection in three HCWs. The RNA was subjected to whole genome sequencing and comparative genome and protein-based functional annotation analyses were performed on
the nucleotide and amino acid sequences. Genomic variations observed through whole genome sequencing coupled with clinical presentation confirm reinfections of SARS-CoV-2 in healthcare workers. |
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Potential spreading dynamics of COVID-19 with temporary
immunity - a mathematical modeling study |
Shayak, B, Sharma, et al |
medRxiv |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Transmission |
We use mathematical modeling to answer what profile the epidemic trajectories may take if immunity were really to be
temporary in a significant amount of the population, by constructing a novel delay differential equation model which is tailored to accommodate different kinds of immune response. We consider two immune responses here, where a recovered case becomes completely
susceptible after a given time interval following infection and where a first-time recovered case becomes susceptible to a lower virulence infection after a given time interval following recovery, and becomes permanently immunized by a second infection. We
find possible solutions exhibiting large number of waves of disease in the first situation and two to three waves in the second situation. Interestingly however, these multiple wave solutions are manifest only for some intermediate values of the reproduction
number R, which is governed by public health intervention measures. For sufficiently low as well as sufficiently high R, we find conventional single-wave solutions despite the short-lived immunity. Our results cast insight into the potential spreading dynamics
of the disease and might also be useful for analysing the spread after a vaccine is invented, and mass vaccination programs initiated. |
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ShekarkarAzgomi, Mojtaba, Mohammadnezhad, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
This study retrospective analyzed in silico the binding affinity of SARS-CoV-2 peptides to MHC class I HLA-A, -B, and
–C molecules in different countries with high and low morbidity and mortality rates. Used bioinformatics approach to screen 18260 SARS-CoV-2 epitopes that have significant affinity for different MHC class I alleles and found approximately five thousand predicted
nonamers to bind different alleles. Those predicted epitopes show different significant affinity for frequently occurring MHC I alleles. This study showed that those alleles have different correlation with SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in 22 country based on different
mortality and morbidity rate. There was a strong negative correlation between morbidity and mortality rates and the frequency of HLA-A*24, HLA-C*06 and HLA-B*5, while a strong positive correlation is detected between HLA-A*02, HLA-B*38, HLA-C*04 and HLA-C*08.
Speculated that HLA class I polymorphism, by governing the set of viral peptides presented to CD8 + T cells, influences the outcome of SARS-Cov-2 infection. |
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Viral epitope profiling of COVID-19 patients reveals cross-reactivity and correlates
of severity |
Shrock, E, Fujimura, et al |
Science |
Immunology | Immunologie |
Understanding humoral responses to SARS-CoV-2 is critical for improving diagnostics, therapeutics, and vaccines. Deep
serological profiling of 232 COVID-19 patients and 190 pre-COVID-19 era controls using VirScan revealed over 800 epitopes in the SARS-CoV-2 proteome, including 10 epitopes likely recognized by neutralizing antibodies. Pre-existing antibodies in controls recognized
SARS-CoV-2 ORF1, while only COVID-19 patients primarily recognized spike and nucleoprotein. A machine learning model trained on VirScan data predicted SARS-CoV-2 exposure history with 99% sensitivity and 98% specificity; a rapid Luminex-based diagnostic was
developed from the most discriminatory SARS-CoV-2 peptides. Individuals with more severe COVID-19 exhibited stronger and broader SARS-CoV-2 responses, weaker antibody responses to prior infections, and higher incidence of CMV and HSV-1, possibly influenced
by demographic covariates. Among hospitalized patients, males make greater SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses than females. |
|
Landscape of Public T Cell Receptors Associated with Recovery from COVID-19 |
Simnica, Donjete, Paschold, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Immunology | Immunologie |
By analysis of clonal trajectories, we identified recovery-associated expanding T cell clones many of which carrying
public T cell receptors (TCRs). Mining the immune repertoires of unrelated COVID-19 cases for these sequences revealed T cells with exact TCR complementarity-determining region 3 identity that were more abundant in recovering than in fatal cases. These TCRs
were also found in subjects not previously exposed to the virus, with lower representation in repertoires from risk groups like aged individuals or cancer patients. Together, our data indicate that a significant part of the recovery-associated T cell response
in COVID-19 may be mediated by public TCRs that are present in repertoires of unexposed individuals. The lower representation of these clones in repertoires of risk groups or failure to expand such clones may contribute to more unfavorable clinical COVID-19
courses. |
|
A Study on Emotional Well-Being Midst Coronavirus Pandemic Lockdown |
Singh, Akanksha, Singh, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
This study was conducted with the aim to assess the Emotional Well-being of individuals during Lockdown due to the
Coronavirus Pandemic. The Emotional Well-being Scale was administered on 100 individuals. This study traverses the impact of marital status and gender on emotional well-being during the lockdown phase. The results suggested that there is no significant difference
on the aspects of dimensions of Emotional Wellbeing as mental Health(MH), Emotional Resilience(ER), Emotional Health(EH), Emotional Happiness(EHP), and Total Emotional Well-being(TEW), when computed in relevance to gender and marital status. This led to the
inference that respondents were affected by the pandemic situation in many similar ways. |
|
National Trends of Cases of COVID-19 in Children Based on US State Health Department
Data |
Sisk, B, Cull, et al |
Pediatrics |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
We describe pediatric COVID-19 infection in the US: number of cases and trends by geographic region, proportion of
confirmed cases that are children, hospitalization rate, mortality rate. Data are drawn from publicly available COVID-19 information posted on 49 state (NY state does not provide cases by age), 2 urban (NYC and DC) and 2 territory (Puerto Rico, Guam) health
department web sites. Geographic region is based on the Census categorization: Northeast, Midwest, South, West. |
|
Snider, Brett, Phillips, et al |
medRxiv |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Investigation of AI models and statistical models provides important insights within the province of Ontario as a case
study application using patients' physiological conditions, symptoms, and demographic information from datasets from Public Health Ontario (PHO) and the Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC). The findings using XGBoost provide an accuracy of 0.9056 for PHO,
and 0.935 for the PHAC datasets. Age is demonstrated to be the most important variable with the next two variables being Hospitalization and Occupation. AI models identify the importance of improved medical practice which evolved over the six months in treating
COVID-19 virus during the pandemic, and that age is absolutely now the key factor, with much lower importance of other variables that were important to mortality near the beginning of the pandemic. |
|
|
Solerte, SB, D'Addio, et al |
Diabetes care |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
In a multicenter, case-control, retrospective, observational study, sitagliptin, an oral and highly selective dipeptidyl
peptidase 4 inhibitor, was added to standard of care (e.g., insulin administration) at the time of hospitalization in patients with type 2 diabetes who were hospitalized with COVID-19. In this multicenter, case-control, retrospective, observational study
of patients with type 2 diabetes admitted to the hospital for COVID-19, sitagliptin treatment at the time of hospitalization was associated with reduced mortality and improved clinical outcomes as compared with standard-of-care treatment. |
|
|
Song, ZG, Chen, et al |
Virol Sin |
Transmission Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections
(IPAC/PCI) Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
Authors performed comprehensive environmental contamination surveillance to evaluate the risk of viral transmission
in AIIRs with 115 rooms in three buildings at the Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai, during the treatment of 334 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. This study has provided information pertinent for infection control in AIIRs during the treatment
of COVID-19 patients. |
|
|
Sumorejo, Purwati, Ihsan, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
Lopinavir/ritonavir and Clarythromycin are evaluated as potential drugs against SARS-CoV-2. Antiviral activity or inhibition
concentration of 50% to virus (IC50) value of each, Lopinavir, Clarithromycin and combination Lopinavir+Clarithromycin are 0.9757; 0.9246; and <0.5 ppm. The combination Lopinavir+Clarithromycin had the lowest value than others that indicated the most potential
and has capability as an antiviral activity. |
|
|
Sun, Rui, Balabanova, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
This study used survey data collected from 26,684 participants in 51 countries from 17 April to 15 May 2020 to examine
the individual and societal factors that predict the degree of individuals’ suffering or thriving during the COVID-19 outbreak. Around the world, calm, connection, and control were found to be central to wellbeing during the COVID-19 outbreak. The results
are consistent with findings from two representative samples using pre-registered analyses, and a prospective 30-day daily diary study. Findings highlight differential relationships between socio-affective processes and wellbeing during collective crises,
and point to the importance of momentary experiences of calm, love and determination, particularly for those in less privileged positions in society. |
|
|
Tsitsikas, DA, Lewis, et al |
Clin Med (Lond) |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
In the 3-month period between March and May 2020, there was a significant reduction in the number of hospital admissions
as well as mean length of stay compared with the mean figures over the same months in the preceding 5 years (2015-19), with an overall reduction in inpatient days of 77%. There were no cases of unsafe hospital avoidance or presentations to hospital that were
inappropriately delayed. Frequent telephone communication with patients and provision of ambulatory care were, among others, two very important means of supporting our patient population. |
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|
Tyrovolas, Stefanos, Giné-Vázquez, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique |
The overarching aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness over time of government interventions, policy restrictions,
and the impact of risk factors on COVID-19 spread and mortality, globally, regionally and by country-income level, through May 18th. Our results support use of very high government interventions to effectively suppress both COVID-19 spread and mortality, globally
compared to other policy levels of control. Additionally, we found that only very-high level government interventions suppressed COVID-19 mortality close to pre-intervention estimates. Similar trends in virus propagation and mortality were observed in all
country-income levels and specific regions. An inverse relationship with intensive care beds and mortality was also found. |
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|
Decrease in Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory Volume and MI During
COVID Pandemic |
Ullah, Abid, Fraser, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
We conducted a retrospective review of the coronary catheterisation procedures and admissions with MI over the peak
COVID-19 pandemic 10-week period in 2020, compared with the same 10-week period in 2019. During peak COVID hospital admission period in England, we report a 48.5% reduction in coronary catheterisation in our tertiary hospital. These results are consistent
with reports from other countries, and highlight the worrying potential consequences for these patients arising from delays in presentation with MI, and the challenges for restoring services post-pandemic. |
|
Vartanoglu Aktokmakyan, T, Tokocin, et al |
Surg Innov |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
This observational study aimed to describe the incidence and characteristics, as well as clinical outcomes, of patients
presenting and treated for mesenteric ischemia during the COVID-19 pandemic. The presence of hypercoagulation status in critical COVID-19 patients should be observed closely, and anticoagulation therapy can be considered in selected patients. |
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Vigil-De Gracia, P, Caballero, et al |
Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Authors investigated the maternal and perinatal results of pregnant women recovered from SARS-CoV-2 infection continuing
the pregnancy T.he alteration of the mother's state of health during pregnancy caused by the SARS-CoV-2 infection can have long-term effects on the health of the offspring and the nucleus that triggers these poor results appears to be the placenta. |
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Villerabel, Charles, Makinson, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We investigated the diagnostic value of patient-reported and clinically tested chemosensory disorders in patients attending
a COVID-19 screening center. Prior to nasopharyngeal swabbing for SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR, participants were interviewed for symptoms, then underwent the Clinical Olfactory Dysfunction Assessment (CODA). Among 809 participants, 58 (7·2%) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2.
Patient-reported chemosensory disorders prevalence was 34·5% in COVID-19 confirmed cases. However, normal olfaction is common in COVID-19. |
|
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COVID-19 Pandemic Is Not Associated with an Increased Risk of
Perinatal Mortality |
Viswanatha, Radhika, Datta, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
There were 1,415 births during the pandemic in 2020 (1,396 singleton and 19 twins) and an average of 1527 for the same
quarter over the previous 4 years. During the pandemic we had 3 perinatal mortalities which included 2 still births and 1 late fetal loss. None of the cases were related to acute Covid-19 infections. Steps taken to reduce the risk of missed antenatal care,
in addition to education of pregnant women and staff did possibly prevent increase stillbirths in our pregnant population. |
|
VoPham, Trang, Weaver, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health
interventions*| Interventions de santé publique |
Using generalized linear mixed models with a Poisson distribution accounting for counties nested within states, we
modeled associations between county-level social distancing and COVID-19 incidence and mortality. each unit increase in social distancing was associated with a 26% decrease (p<0.0001) in COVID-19 incidence and a 31% decrease (p<0.0001) in COVID-19 mortality.
Percent crowding, non-white population, and median household income, were all statistically significant modifiers of the associations between objective social distancing and incidence and mortality. |
|
|
Wang, Jing, Yuan, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We compared the differences of clinical features and outcomes between imported and non-imported COVID-19 patients.
The proportion of asymptomatic patients in the non-imported group was significantly higher than that in the imported group (18.9% vs. 3.8%, p=0.016), and the proportions of symptoms of fever, sore throat and diarrhea in the non-imported group were all lower
than those in the imported group (p≤0.048). |
|
|
Global, regional, and national estimates of target
population sizes for COVID-19 vaccination |
Wang, Wei, Wu, et al |
medRxiv |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
We aimed to provide global, regional, and national estimates of target population sizes for COVID-19 vaccination to
inform country-specific immunization strategies on a global scale. We classified the entire world population into eleven priority groups. The size of COVID-19 vaccine recipient population varied markedly by goals of the vaccination program and geography. The
general population aged <60 years without any underlying condition accounts for the majority of the total population (5.2 billion people, 68%), followed by 2.3 billion individuals at risk of severe disease, and 46.9 million essential workers which are critical
to maintaining a functional society. The sizeable distribution of target groups on a country and regional bases underlines the importance of equitable and efficient vaccine prioritization and allocation globally. The direct and indirect benefits of COVID-19
vaccination should be balanced by considering local differences in demography and health. |
|
Wang, X, Hu, et al |
Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
The objective of this study was to investigate the application of severity classification according to the protocol
on the diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 by the National Health Commission of China, pneumonia severity index (PSI) and CURB-65 in risk stratification and prognostic assessment of COVID-19. PSI and CURB-65 can be used for risk stratification and prognostic
assessment in patients with COVID-19. |
|
|
Wee, LE, Cherng, et al |
Am J Trop Med Hyg |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
In a tertiary hospital contending with COVID-19 during a dengue epidemic, a triage strategy of routine COVID-19 testing
for febrile patients with viral prodromes was used. From January to May 2020, 11,086 admissions were screened for COVID-19; 868 cases of COVID-19 were diagnosed in our institution, along with 380 cases of dengue. Only 8.5% (943/11,086) of suspected COVID-19
cases were concurrently tested for dengue serology due to a compatible overlapping clinical syndrome, and dengue was established as an alternative diagnosis in 2% (207/10,218) of suspected COVID-19 cases that tested negative. There were eight COVID-19 cases
with likely false-positive dengue serology and one probable COVID-19/dengue coinfection. From April to May 2020, 251 admissions presenting as viral prodromes with no respiratory symptoms were screened; of those, 15 cases had COVID-19, and 2/15 had false-positive
dengue IgM. Epidemiology investigations showed no healthcare-associated transmission. In a dengue epidemic season coinciding with a COVID-19 pandemic, dengue was established as an alternative diagnosis in a minority of COVID-19 suspects, likely due to early
availability of basic diagnostics. Routine screening of patients with viral prodromes during a dual outbreak of COVID-19 and dengue enabled containment of COVID-19 cases masquerading as dengue with false-positive IgM. |
|
|
Weir-McCall, Jonathan, Galea, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We aimed to compare the prevalence of vascular thrombosis in patients with either severe COVID-19 or non-COVID-19 viral
pneumonia. COVID-19 is associated with a significantly higher prevalence of vascular thrombosis compared with non-COVID-19 viral pneumonias. Despite this, vascular thrombosis was not linked to poorer short-term prognosis in those with COVID-19. |
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Framing COVID-19: How we conceptualize and discuss the pandemic on Twitter |
Wicke, P, Bolognesi, et al |
PLoS One |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
We hereby present an analysis of the discourse around #Covid-19, based on a large corpus tweets posted on Twitter during
March and April 2020. Using topic modelling we first analyze the topics around which the discourse can be classified. Then, we show that the WAR framing is used to talk about specific topics, such as the virus treatment, but not others, such as the effects
of social distancing on the population. We then measure and compare the popularity of the WAR frame to three alternative figurative frames (MONSTER, STORM and TSUNAMI) and a literal frame used as control (FAMILY). The results show that while the FAMILY frame
covers a wider portion of the corpus, among the figurative frames WAR, a highly conventional one, is the frame used most frequently. Yet, this frame does not seem to be apt to elaborate the discourse around some aspects involved in the current situation. Therefore,
we conclude, in line with previous suggestions, a plethora of framing options-or a metaphor menu-may facilitate the communication of various aspects involved in the Covid-19-related discourse on the social media, and thus support civilians in the expression
of their feelings, opinions and beliefs during the current pandemic. |
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Different Laboratory Abnormalities in COVID-19 Patients with Hypertension or Diabetes |
Wu, X, Wang, et al |
Virol Sin |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We re-analysed the same cohort of 99 COVID-19 patients discharged from the general wards of Renmin Hospital of Wuhan
University between 5 February 2020 and 14 March 2020. We asked whether there were any factors associated with COVID-19 patients with either hypertension or diabetes. As expected, COVID-19 patients with health conditions like hypertension or diabetes had a
longer length of hospital stay than those without, but this was at the limit of statistical significance (P = 0.07). In our analysis, we found on admission hypertensive COVID-19 patients had higher neutrophil numbers compared to non-hypertensive ones, while
lymphopenia was more frequently observed in COVID-19 patients with diabetes. |
|
Xiang, Kuanhui, Hong, et al |
bioRxiv |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
Here we present for the first time that SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus and pangolin coronavirus (GX_P2V) could infect lung
progenitor and even anterior foregut endoderm cells causing these cells death, which differentiated from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). The infection and replication of SARS-CoV-2 and GX_P2V were inhibited when treated with whey protein of breastmilk
and Remdesivir, confirming that these two viruses could infect lung progenitor and even anterior foregut endoderm. Moreover, we found that SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus could infect endoderm and ectoderm. We found that whey protein blocked SARS-CoV-2 infecting these
cells. In line with the SARS-CoV-2 results, GX_P2V could also infected endoderm and ectoderm, and also was inhibited by Remdesivir treatment. We also found that hESCs, which also express ACE2 and TMPRSS2 markers, are permissive for GX_P2V but not SARS-CoV-2
pseudovirus infection and replication, indicating the widespread cell types for GX_P2V infection. Heparin treatment blocked efficiently viral infection. These results provided insight that these stem cells maybe provided a stable repository of coronavirus
function or genome. |
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Xu, Yang, Rather, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes |
Here, we report that femtomolar concentrations of single-stranded ribonucleic acid (ssRNA) of SARS-CoV-2 trigger ordering
transitions in liquid crystal (LC) films decorated with cationic surfactants and complementary 15-mer single-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (ssDNA) probes. More importantly, the sensitivity of the LC to the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) ssRNA, with
a 3 base pair-mismatch compared to the SARS-CoV-2 ssRNA, was measured to decrease by seven orders of magnitude, suggesting that the LC ordering transitions depend strongly on the targeted oligonucleotide sequence. Finally, we designed a LC-based diagnostic
kit and a smartphone-based application (App) to enable automatic detection of SARS-CoV-2 ssRNA, which can be used for reliable self-test of SARS-CoV-2 at home without the need for complex equipment or procedures. |
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Ultra-rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 in public workspace
environments |
Yaren, Ozlem, McCarter, et al |
medRxiv |
Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes |
We describe a test based on a displaceable probe loop amplification architecture that requires no sample transport,
requires minimal sample manipulation, can be performed by unlicensed individuals, returns results on the spot in much less than one hour, and costs no more than a few dollars. Nasal swabs and saliva were used from healthy volunteers, some were spiked with
heat-inactivated SARS-CoV-2 virus at varying concentrations to validate the assay.It detects virus if it is present at approximately 200 copies per nasal swab assay, representing approximately 8,000 copies of RNA per nasal swab, and 100 copies per saliva assay,
representing approximately 20,000 copies of RNA per mL of saliva. |
|
Ye, B, Wu, et al |
Child Youth Serv Rev |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
The aim of this study was to explore (a) the mediating role of rumination in the association between stressors of COVID-19
and stress consequences of college students, and (b) the moderating role of psychological support in the indirect relationship between stressors of COVID-19 and stress consequences of college students. Stressors of COVID-19 were significantly positively associated
with stress consequences, and mediation analyses indicated that rumination partially mediated this association. Moderated mediation analysis further revealed that psychological support buffered the relation between stressors of COVID-19 and rumination, as
well as the relation between rumination and stress consequences. |
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|
Identification and Characterization of Species-Specific SARS-CoV-2
Physicochemical Properties |
Yerukala Sathipati, Srinivasulu, Ho, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
We evaluated the physicochemical properties of human and non-human coronaviruses. The major PCPs of proteins for differentiating
human coronaviruses from other species’ coronaviruses are van der Waals volume, binding free energy, normalized frequency of amino acids at α/β structures, helix capping and mutability. These findings could provide key insights into understanding the driving
forces during the course of infection and assist in developing effective therapies. |
|
Yi, Huso, Ng, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
The study examined the networks of nonwork-related activities among migrant workers to inform the development of lockdown
exit strategies and future pandemic preparedness. A survey with 509 migrant workers assessed dormitory attributes, social ties, health status, COVID-19-related variables, and travel patterns using a grid-based network questionnaire. COVID-19 risk exposure
was associated with the density of dormitory, social ties, and travel areas. The migrant worker hub in the city center was the most frequently visited for essential services of grocery shopping and remittance, followed by southcentral areas mainly for social
gathering. The hub was positioned as the core with the highest degree of centrality with a cluster of workers exposed to COVID-19. |
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|
Youssef, JihadG, Al-Saadi, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
Case series of 21 consecutive patients with Acute Respiratory Failure in Critical COVID-19 and multiple co-morbidities,
treated with intravenous VIP. The short term outcomes in these 21 patients represent a dramatic response in patients who are excluded from all other trials of COVID therapeutics. Improvement in radiographic appearance, oxygenation requirement, and inflammatory
markers is consistent with in vitro evidence of direct anti-viral effect. |
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Fast Screening and Primary Diagnosis of COVID-19 by ATR FT-IR |
Zhang, Liyang, Xiao, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection
d'agents pathogènes |
Patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), influenza A/B, and respiratory
syncytial virus (RSV), as well as healthy controls, were included in this study. All viral infections were confirmed by reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR). The serum samples were measured by attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
(ATR FT-IR). The serum FT-IR spectra exhibited “chemical fingerprints” towards different viral infections. |
|
The Role of Work from Home for Small Businesses in the COVID-19
Pandemic |
Zhang, Ting, Gerlowski, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique Economics | Économie |
The study builds a theoretical framework based on utility maximization theory subject to a “contagion” agglomeration
parameter and argues that work from home (WFH) is a rational choice for small businesses. We compiled an up-to-date real-time daily and weekly multifaceted data set tracking WFH propensity from March 20 through July 28. Our robust empirics confirm our theory
and hypotheses and demonstrate WFH as a potential force that expedited the “creative destruction” into a new efficient work paradigm. |
|
Zhou, Kai, Sun, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical
data| Données cliniques |
In this study, we aim to establish a model for COVID-19 severity prediction and depict dynamic changes of key clinical
features over 7 weeks. A panel of 11 routine clinical factors constructed a classifier for COVID-19 severity prediction, achieving an accuracy of over 94%. Validation of the model in an independent cohort containing 25 patients achieved an accuracy of 80%.
The overall sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV were 0.70, 0.99, 0.93 and 0.93, respectively. |
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The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on rheumatology practice: a cross-sectional multinational
study |
Ziadé, N, Hmamouchi, et al |
Clin Rheumatol |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on rheumatology practice. The negative
impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on rheumatology practice may compromise rheumatic diseases control. |
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Lymphopenia in critically ill COVID-19 patients: A predictor factor of severity and mortality |
Ziadi, A, Hachimi, et al |
Int J Lab Hematol |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We aimed to report the occurrence of lymphopenia, lymphocyte subsets, and its impact on ICU mortality in critically
ill patients with COVID‐19. In this single‐center cohort, we included adult patients with confirmed COVID‐19 infection, admitted in the intensive care unit (ICU) of a hospital of the Marrakech region (Morocco), from March 19-May 15, 2020. Lymphopenia is a
frequent biological disorder in patients with COVID‐19. It is a predictor factor of the severity, the myocardial injury, the occurrence of ARDS, and a risk factor of ICU mortality. |
|
Ahammed, Tanvir, Anjum, et al |
medRxiv |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
SR-MA: review to retrieve the published estimates of the R0 and the CFR in articles from international databases between
1st January and 31st August 2020. We observed higher mean CFR values for the countries with lower tests (3.15 vs. 2.16) and greater median population age (3.13 vs. 2.27). However, the R0 did not vary significantly in different regions of the world. An R0 of
2.69 and CFR of 2.67 indicate the severity of the COVID-19. Although R0 and CFR may vary over time, space, and demographics, we recommend considering these figures in control and prevention measures. |
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Antikchi, MH, Neamatzadeh, et al |
J Gastrointest Cancer |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
SR-MA: literature search was performed up to July 25, 2020, thorough PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar,
CNKI, CBM, China Science, Wan Fang, and SciELO databases. This study results revealed that Chinese CRC patients harbored a higher risk of COVID-19 infection. However, more multicenter, larger sample sizes and high-quality studies are required to verify this
meta-analysis result. |
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COVID-19 Surveillance Data and Models: Review and Analysis, Part
1 |
Austin, ClaireC, Widyastuti, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Benefield, AmyE, Skrip, et al |
medRxiv |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
SR: searched PubMed through June 8th 2020 Discussion: Using a pooled analysis of the largest collection of IPD on
viral load to date, we are the first to report that SARS-CoV-2 viral load peaks prior to -- not at -- symptom onset |
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Boshra, M, Godbout, et al |
3D Print Med |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Cevhertas, L, Ogulur, et al |
Allergy |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Planning for post-pandemic cancer care delivery: Recovery or opportunity for redesign? |
Cinar, P, Bold, et al |
CA Cancer J Clin |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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COVID-19: instruments for the allocation of mechanical ventilators-a narrative
review |
Dos Santos, MJ, Martins, et al |
Crit Care |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Dutta, Abhijit, Sharma, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
SR-MA: searching PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus and Cochrane register of clinical trials (CENTRAL) databases for articles
published from December 2019 to May 31, 2020. Healthcare workers who are dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic have a significant prevalence of depression, anxiety, insomnia and poor sleep quality, and stress. |
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Ethics of Conducting Clinical Research in an Outbreak Setting |
Edwards, KM, Kochhar, et al |
Annu Rev Virol |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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PMC7521075; A guide to physiotherapy in urogynecology for patient care during the
COVID-19 pandemic |
Ferreira, CHJ, Driusso, et al |
Int Urogynecol J |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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COVID-19: Antiviral Agents, Antibody Development and Traditional Chinese Medicine |
Guan, W, Lan, et al |
Virol Sin |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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COVID-19: Perspectives for the management of dental care and education |
Gurgel, BCV, Borges, et al |
J Appl Oral Sci |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Gastrointestinal Symptoms and Immune Response in COVID-19 - Review
of a Cat and Mouse Game Theory |
Haridas, Abhilash, Mukker, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Clinical manifestations and outcomes of COVID-19 in the paediatric population: a systematic
review |
Jahangir, M, Nawaz, et al |
Hong Kong Med J |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
SR: conducted using the Medline database to identify papers published between 1 December 2019 and 9 April 2020 on COVID-19.
As compared with that in adults, the presentation of COVID-19 in children is mild and has a better prognosis. Sufficient evidence regarding the probability of intrauterine vertical transmission could not be found, and further studies need to be conducted to
establish this relationship. |
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Khalil, H, Abd ElHady, et al |
Immunol Invest |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Telemedicine in Oncology and Reimbursement Policy During COVID-19 and Beyond |
Kircher, SM, Mulcahy, et al |
J Natl Compr Canc Netw |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Ladapo, JosephA, McKinnon, et al |
medRxiv |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
MA: Search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, medRxiv, PROSPERO, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Hydroxychloroquine
use in outpatients reduces the incidence of the composite outcome of COVID-19 infection, hospitalization, and death. Serious adverse events were not reported and cardiac arrhythmia was rare. |
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Worth the Sacrifice? Illiberal and Authoritarian Practices during Covid-19 |
Maerz, SeraphineF, Lührmann, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Meo, SA, Zaidi, et al |
J King Saud Univ Sci |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Spectrum of spinal cord involvement in COVID-19:
A systematic review |
Mondal, Ritwick, Deb, et al |
medRxiv |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
SR: were searched Pubmed/Medline, NIH Litcovid, Embase and Cochrane library and Preprint servers up till 10th September,
2020. It can be interpreted that SARS-CoV-2 may play a potential role in spinal demyelinating disorders in both para-infectious and post-infectious forms. |
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Persad, Govind |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Petousis-Harris, H |
Drug Saf |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Postal, KS, Bilder, et al |
Clin Neuropsychol |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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India Diverges in Gender Proportion in COVID-19: A Health Management
Study |
Reddy, LS, Ramasamy, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Rostami, M, Mansouritorghabeh, et al |
Expert Rev Hematol |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
SR: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science were searched. D-dimer level is one of the measures used in patients to detect
thrombosis. Studies have reported an increase in D-dimer and fibrinogen concentrations in the early stages of COVID-19 disease a 3 to 4-fold rise in D-dimer levels is linked to poor prognosis. |
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Salameh, JP, Leeflang, et al |
Cochrane Database Syst Rev |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
SR-MA: searched the COVID-19 Living Evidence Database from the University of Bern, the Cochrane COVID-19 Study Register,
and The Stephen B. Thacker CDC Library up to 5 May 2020. Our findings indicate that chest CT is sensitive but not specific for the diagnosis of COVID-19 in suspected patients, meaning that CT may not be capable of differentiating SARS-CoV-2 infection from
other causes of respiratory illness. This low specificity could also be the result of the poor sensitivity of the reference standard (RT-PCR), as CT could potentially be more sensitive than RT-PCR in some cases. |
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Salari, N, Khazaie, et al |
Global Health |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
SR-MA: PubMed, Scopus, Science direct, Web of science, CINHAL, Medline, and Google Scholar databases were searched
with no lower time-limt and until 24 June 2020. Healthcare workers, as the front line of the fight against COVID-19, are more vulnerable to the harmful effects of this disease than other groups in society. Increasing workplace stress increases sleep disturbances
in the medical staff, especially nurses and physicians. In other words, increased stress due to the exposure to COVID-19 increases the prevalence of sleep disturbances in nurses and physicians. |
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Serafim, Rodrigo, Póvoa, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
SR: searched MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Library up to May 10 th , 2020. Preprints and reports were also included
if they meet the inclusion criteria. This systematic review based on over 50,000 patients demonstrates that COVID-19 infection is associated with substantial resource use in the ICU, high mortality and prolonged length of ICU stay. |
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Efficacy of Famotidine for COVID-19: A Systematic
Review and Meta-analysis |
Sethia, Rahul, Prasad, et al |
medRxiv |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
SR-MA: searched the databases Medline, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL and Medrxiv. A meta-analysis of two cohort studies
showed a statistically significant decrease in the composite outcome for death and intubation with famotidine (HR 0.44, 95% CI 0.27 to 0.73).
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Siddiqi, Mashood |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Simões, ESilvaAC, Lanza, et al |
Pediatr Nephrol |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Smoking and Risk of Negative Outcomes Among COVID-19 Patients:
A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis |
Umnuaypornlert, Adinat, Kanchanasurakit, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
SR-MA: Electronic databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Science Direct, Google Scholar, were systematically
searched, from the start of the database until 20 May 2020. Our meta-analysis demonstrated that smoking significantly increases the risk of disease severity and tend to increase the risk of death.
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Venessa, HMT, Matti, et al |
Endocr Relat Cancer |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Williams, ME, Fielding, et al |
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
|
|
|
Yong Chua, Pearleen Ee, Urvish, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
SR-MA: aims to compare clinical presentation, outcomes, and care management of different COVID-19 patient groups globally. |
|
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Zarbafian, M, Dayan, et al |
J Cosmet Dermatol |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
|
|
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COVID-19 and the ABO blood group in pregnancy: A tale of two multiethnic cities |
Ahmed, I, Quinn, et al |
Int J Lab Hematol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
|
Akintayo, RichardO, Kalla, et al |
The Lancet Rheumatology |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Alag, S |
PLoS One |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Ali, A, Ma, et al |
Bmj |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Experiencing and Surviving a Pandemic: Perspectives of COVID-19-Survivors
from Pakistan |
Ali, Inayat, Sadique, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
|
Aljuboori, Z |
World Neurosurg |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Tele-ICU: A key to residents' role in the intensive care unit during COVID-19 pandemic |
Al-Saadi, M, Wright, et al |
Clin Teach |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Arpino, B, Bordone, et al |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Barillas-Mury, C, Escobar, et al |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Barkay, Neta, Cobb, et al |
arXiv |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Basu, S |
Camb Q Healthc Ethics |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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PMC7521771; Don't worry! The next generation would be more resistant to SARS-CoV-2 |
Bevelacqua, JJ, Mortazavi, et al |
Inflamm Res |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
|
Bienvenu, AL, Bleyzac, et al |
Crit Care |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Botzen, WJW, Mol, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Butowt, R, Bilinska, et al |
ACS Chem Neurosci |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Repurposing existing drugs for COVID-19: an endocrinology perspective |
Cadegiani, FA |
BMC Endocr Disord |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Cavataio, Joseph, Schnell, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Cherian, R, Chandra, et al |
Am J Respir Crit Care Med |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Nutrition, Human Development and COVID-19:
Some Thoughts on Assam |
Choudhury, Saswati |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
|
Social Security Issues: Reflecting on Assam’s Concerens during the COVID-19 Pandemic |
Choudhury, Saswati |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Corpuz, JCG |
J Psychosoc Nurs Ment Health Serv |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Coutinho, JG, Padilla, et al |
Rev Panam Salud Publica |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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The Challenge of Clearly Counting COVID-19 Cases in Children |
Cruz, AT, Shaman, et al |
Pediatrics |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Dai, Huiyang, Zhang, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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The role of host defences in Covid 19 and treatments thereof |
Dattilo, M |
Mol Med |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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DeFrancesco, L |
Nat Biotechnol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Delanghe, JR, Speeckaert, et al |
Endocrine |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Dhahri, AA, Iqbal, et al |
Ann Med Surg (Lond) |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Dhamija, Vridhi |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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DiMaio, D, Enquist, et al |
Annu Rev Virol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Dangerous to claim "no clear association" between intergenerational relationships
and COVID-19 |
Dowd, JB, Block, et al |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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[Ethical questions regarding the medical care of adults with disabilities] |
Dugerdil, A, Deriaz, et al |
Rev Med Suisse |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Covid-19: Turkey cracks down on doctors who doubt official figures |
Dyer, O |
Bmj |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Translational Research in the Time of COVID-19-Dissolving Boundaries |
Edgeworth, JD, Batra, et al |
PLoS Pathog |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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[Origin of SARS-CoV-2 theories, keys and unknowns of an emerged disease.] |
Estévez Reboredo, RM |
Rev Esp Salud Publica |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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VITAMIN D SUPPLEMENTATION AS A RATIONAL PHARMACOLOGICAL APPROACH IN THE COVID-19
PANDEMIC |
Ferder, L, Martín Giménez, et al |
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Knowledge is coming so fast that a meta-analysis of COVID-19 treatment is always too late |
Flisiak, R, Zarębska-Michaluk, et al |
Pol Arch Intern Med |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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ABO Blood Group Correlations With COVID-19: Cohort Choice Makes A Difference |
Focosi, D, Iorio, et al |
Clin Infect Dis |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Foster, TE |
Am J Sports Med |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Gbadegesin, Adeniyi, Oyesiku, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Ghosh, Gautam |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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PMC7513617; On the importance of early testing even when imperfect in a pandemic
such as COVID-19 |
Goldstein, ND, Burstyn, et al |
Glob Epidemiol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Goldstein, ND, Suder, et al |
J Public Health Policy |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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"World Pneumonia Day During a Global Pneumonia Pandemic: 12 November 2020" |
Greenslade, L |
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Gudnason, T |
Laeknabladid |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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The bridge ventilator consortium - bringing trainees to the frontlines of innovation |
Hakimi, AA, Zahedivash, et al |
Med Educ Online |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Microbiology Society online workshop on SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19, Wednesday 29 July 2020 |
Harris, M |
J Gen Virol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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PMC7365058; Convalescent plasma to treat COVID-19: Its challenges in Iraq's situation |
Hashim, HT |
Ethics Med Public Health |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Herold, CJ, Delorme, et al |
Radiologe |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Hu, Y, Li, et al |
J Virol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Returning to operating following COVID-19 shutdown: what can human
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Bone Joint J |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Covid-19: Isolating older people would be "age based apartheid," says NHS boss |
Iacobucci, G |
Bmj |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Covid-19: Government promises an "uninterrupted supply" of PPE this winter |
Iacobucci, G |
Bmj |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Iezadi, S, Azami-Aghdash, et al |
PLoS One |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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The Psychodynamic Psychiatrist and Psychiatric Care in the Era of COVID-19 |
Ingram, DH, Best, et al |
Psychodyn Psychiatry |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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#VALUE! |
Kane, PB, Moyer, et al |
J Gen Intern Med |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Kanmounye, US, Ammar, et al |
World Neurosurg |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Kapoor, I, Prabhakar, et al |
Ann Intensive Care |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Karim, F, Araklitis, et al |
Post Reprod Health |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Kayani, B, Onochie, et al |
Bone Joint J |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Kow, CS, Hasan, et al |
Headache |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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COVID-19: A Pandemic Experience that Illuminates Potential Reforms to Health Research |
Kozlowski, HN, Farkouh, et al |
EMBO Mol Med |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Kumar, Ashutosh, Prasoon, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Lehner, L |
Nature |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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A Psychiatric Residency in the Era of COVID-19: A Bionian Perspective |
Lim, CT, Harris, et al |
Psychodyn Psychiatry |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Lack of evidence for BCG vaccine protection from severe COVID-19 |
Lindestam Arlehamn, CS, Sette, et al |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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COVID-19 and congenital heart disease: Cardiopulmonary interactions for the worse! |
Magoon, R |
Paediatr Anaesth |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Covid-19: Universities roll out pooled testing of students in bid to keep campuses open |
Mahase, E |
Bmj |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
|
Majmundar, N, Ducruet, et al |
World Neurosurg |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Organization of a reference haemophilia unit and its change of activity during the COVID-19
pandemic |
Martinez Garcia, MF, Benitez Hidalgo, et al |
Haemophilia |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
|
Matthay, MA, Leligdowicz, et al |
Am J Respir Crit Care Med |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Maintaining Perioperative Safety in Uncertain Times: COVID-19 Pandemic Response Strategies |
Mazzola, SM, Grous, et al |
Aorn j |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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McClain, JV, Chance, et al |
World Neurosurg |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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McGriff, JA, Denny, et al |
Am J Trop Med Hyg |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Against Scientism: Corrupted Science and the Fight for Medicine's Soul |
Milgrom, LR |
Complement Med Res |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Rethinking Covid-19 Test Sensitivity - A Strategy for Containment |
Mina, MJ, Parker, et al |
N Engl J Med |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Miranda, DM, Reis, et al |
Braz J Psychiatry |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Missel, Malene, Bernild, et al |
Research Square prepub |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Moretti, Angelo, Santi, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Murlimanju, BV, Shrivastava, et al |
World Neurosurg |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Mustafa, FA |
Int J Soc Psychiatry |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Nieuwenhuis, MB, Van Biesen, et al |
Crit Care |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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O'Donnell, MB, Adhikari, et al |
J Palliat Med |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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PMC7510533; Letter to the Editor: Pandemic (COVID-19) Proctoring for eCLIPs Neurointervention |
O'Kelly, C, Rempel, et al |
World Neurosurg |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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O'Shea, John |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Patella, V, Delfino, et al |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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COVID-19 Pandemic & Its Impact on the Mental Health of Youth |
Patil, PranaliK |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Hospital at home for the management of COVID-19: preliminary experience with 63
patients |
Pericàs, JM, Cucchiari, et al |
Infection |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Pfattheicher, S, Nockur, et al |
Psychol Sci |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Price, A, Barlow-Pay, et al |
BMJ Open |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Pullen, LC |
Am J Transplant |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Rasmussen, SA, Lyerly, et al |
N Engl J Med |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Rela, M, Patil, et al |
Hepatol Int |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Rele, S |
Hum Vaccin Immunother |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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PMC7195015; Immunotherapies for COVID-19: lessons learned from sepsis |
Remy, KE, Brakenridge, et al |
Lancet Respir Med |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Reynolds, AS, Lee, et al |
Am J Respir Crit Care Med |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Rhoads, Jared, Brian, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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PMC7520511; Current treatment of COVID-19 in renal patients: hope or hype? |
Roberto, P, Francesco, et al |
Intern Emerg Med |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Rodda, LN, West, et al |
J Urban Health |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Prevalence of COVID-19 Infection in Hemodialysis Patients Detected Using Serologic
Screening |
Rodríguez-Espinosa, D, Broseta, et al |
J Am Soc Nephrol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Audio Interview: Covid-19 Testing and the Individual Physician |
Rubin, EJ, Baden, et al |
N Engl J Med |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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#Covid4Rheum: an analytical twitter study in the time of the COVID-19 pandemic |
Ruffer, N, Knitza, et al |
Rheumatol Int |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Schen, CR |
Psychodyn Psychiatry |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Person- and Family-Centered Approach Offers Healing in Long-Term Care during the COVID-19
Crisis |
Shamon, S |
J Palliat Med |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Sheikh, Umar Ahmad, Rayees, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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PMC7428441; Frontline Nurse Leader Guilt With Coronavirus Disease 2019 |
Sherman, RO |
Nurse Lead |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Shree Pant, Shiwanee |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Siontis, GC, Sweda, et al |
J Am Heart Assoc |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Soriano, JB, Anzueto, et al |
Eur Respir J |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Procedural justice and egalitarian principles for rationing decisions in the COVID-19
crisis |
Supady, A, Bode, et al |
Crit Care |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Tago, M, Anzai, et al |
Qjm |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Moving fast but going slow: coordination challenges for trials of COVID-19 post-exposure
prophylaxis |
Tan, DHS, Agrawal, et al |
Trials |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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A concern about survival time as an endpoint in coronavirus disease 2019 clinical
trials |
Tan, KS |
Clin Trials |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Tejwani, S, Angmo, et al |
Indian J Ophthalmol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Radioactive Characteristics of Natural Salts Show Evidence of
COVID-19 Prophylaxis Potential |
Thakur, Alok |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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The Lancet, HIV |
The Lancet HIV |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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COVID-19 Emergency Measures and the Impending Authoritarian Pandemic |
Thomson, Stephen, Ip, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Tolchin, Benjamin, Latham, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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COVID-19 and acute kidney injury in pediatric subjects: is there a place for eculizumab
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Trimarchi, H, Coppo, et al |
J Nephrol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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PMC7520507; Intensive care unit acquired muscle weakness in COVID-19 patients |
Van Aerde, N, Van den Berghe, et al |
Intensive Care Med |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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STEMI in COVID-19 patients: thrombolysis-first approach could yield more risk than
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Vrachatis, DA, Deftereos, et al |
Eur Heart J |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Witzenrath, M, Kuebler, et al |
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Wong, RC, Wong, et al |
J Med Virol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Yigezu, Amanuel, Asnake, et al |
SSRN- Lancet Publication |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Compromised STEMI reperfusion strategy in the era of COVID-19 pandemic: pros and
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Eur Heart J |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Zreik, G, Asraf, et al |
J Sleep Res |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Nature |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Appendix: Process and definitions.
A daily search for new publications is conducted in PubMed, Scopus,
BioRxiv and MedRxiv, SSRN,
Research Square,
arXiv for all publications related to COVID-19 disease or SARS-CoV-2 using the search terms (COVID-19 OR SARS-CoV-2
OR "novel CoV" OR "novel coronavirus" OR nCoV) adapted to each database. The capture is cross-referenced with publication announcements on the COVID-19 dashboards set up by a number of publishers and google. Publishers include
Lancet,
Elsevier,
The New England Journal of Medicine,
BMJ, Wiley,
Springer Nature, ChinaCDCweekly.
Additionally the database is cross-referenced with other literature scans e.g.
WHO publication list and activities by collaborators. Members of the Emerging Sciences group develop 1 -2 point summaries of each publication. Please email Lisa Waddell for additional information:
Lisa.Waddell@canada.ca.
References are compiled in a reworks database that has citations since the beginning of the outbreak. All references can be accessed at this
link and by the categories listed below. The daily scan has also been compiled in an excel sheet and copies can be provided upon request or
accessed
here.
Category Definitions:
Modelling/ prediction: Predictive modeling is a process that uses data mining and probability
to forecast outcomes. Each model is made up of a number of predictors, which are variables that are likely to influence future results.
Epidemiology:
the branch of medicine which deals with the incidence, distribution, and possible control of diseases and other factors relating to health. Includes Ro, attack rates, case number doubling time, case fatality
rate, serial interval, clinical attack rate, asymptomatic fraction, proportion of asymptomatic and infective*
Transmission: The passage of a pathogen causing communicable disease from an infected host
to an uninfected host via direct or indirect routes.
Clinical data
of cases: Includes clinical parameters such as incubation period, latent period, period of communicability, duration of illness, duration of hospitalization, host risk factors, as well as clinical profiles of patients; presenting symptoms, symptoms over
course of illness, sequelae, comorbidities.*
Surveillance: Public health surveillance is the continuous, systematic collection, analysis and
interpretation of health-related data. Surveillance data will likely be number of cases suspected/confirmed, number of deaths, number recovered. *
Coronavirology: All research relating to the virus; its characteristics, genetic make-up, phylogenetic
analyses
Diagnostics / Pathogen detection:
All studies on identification of the virus; culture, PCR, antibody/antigen tests etc.
Therapeutics:
Studies of substances that may be used to treat infected hosts including passive immunization products.
Vaccine Research:
Studies of vaccine candidates to prevent infection with 2019-nCoV including clinical trials.
Public Health Priorities:
These citations will focus on what the current research priorities are and/or where knowledge gaps exist.
Public Health interventions*:
Any study evaluating how effective a public health intervention is or maybe (in the case of a predictive model).
Public Health response:
These papers are typically overviews of past and current activities, they often also identify knowledge gaps and suggest future activities or objectives.
Infection Prevention and Control/
Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI): Any research on the effectiveness of IPC interventions should also be tagged as IPC
Health care Response:
This foci would include a description of activities to deal with 2019-nCoV cases including, but not limited to: set up of a special emergency multi-disciplinary intensive care team; Bed and medical equipment preparation/ stock piling supplies; Education
and training of staff; Early case recognition and classification of disease severity.
Economics: papers discussing/ forecasting the economics of COVID-19 pandemic.
Zoonotic:
all literature discussing the transmission to and from or occurrence of naturally acquired SARS-COV-2 infection in animals.
Review Literature:
All articles that summarize the published literature can be tagged as a review. This includes systematic review, meta-analysis, scoping review, overviews, umbrella reviews*
Commentary/Editorial:
For commentaries, editorials, letters to the editor, other types of opinion pieces where there is no new data collected by the author or analysis conducted by the author, please tag these within the commentary category.
News articles that have not scientific information.
*Lists are not exhaustive
Annexe: Processus et définitions.
Une recherche quotidienne des nouvelles publications est effectuée dans PubMed, Scopus,
BioRxiv and MedRxiv,
SSRN,
Research Square,
arXiv
pour toutes les publications relatives à la maladie COVID-19 ou au SRAS-CoV-2 en utilisant les termes de recherche (COVID-19 OU SARS-CoV-2 OU « novel CoV » OU « novel coronavirus » OU nCoV). La saisie renvoie à des annonces de publication
sur les tableaux de bord du nCoV mis en place par un certain nombre d'éditeurs et par Google. Parmi les éditeurs figurent
Lancet,
Elsevier,
The New England Journal of Medicine,
BMJ,
Wiley,
Springer Nature,
ChinaCDCweekly. En outre, la base de données renvoie à d'autres survols de publications, e.g.
la liste des publications de l'OMS,
et à des activités des collaborateurs. Les membres du groupe scientifique émergent préparent des résumés en 1 ou 2 points de chaque publication. Pour en savoir plus, veuillez envoyer un courriel à Lisa Waddell au :
Lisa.Waddell@canada.ca.
Les références sont compilées dans une base de données Refworks qui contient des citations depuis le début de l'épidémie. Toutes les références sont accessibles à partir de ce
lien et par les catégories énumérées ci-dessous. L'analyse quotidienne a également été compilée
dans une feuille Excel et des copies peuvent être fournies sur demande ou consultées
ici.
Définitions des catégories :
Modélisation / prédiction :
La modélisation prédictive est un processus qui utilise l'exploration de données et la probabilité pour prévoir les résultats. Chaque modèle est composé de plusieurs prédicteurs, qui sont des variables susceptibles d'influencer les résultats futurs.
Épidémiologie :
Branche de la médecine qui traite de l'incidence, de la répartition et du contrôle éventuel des maladies et d'autres facteurs liés à la santé. Comprend le taux de reproduction de base (Ro),
les taux d'attaque, le temps de doublement du nombre de cas, le taux de létalité, l'intervalle sériel, le taux d'attaque clinique, la fraction asymptomatique, la proportion de cas asymptomatiques et infectieux*.
Transmission :
Passage d'un agent pathogène causant une maladie transmissible d'un hôte infecté à un hôte non infecté par des voies directes ou indirectes.
Données cliniques
des cas : Comprend les paramètres cliniques tels que la période d'incubation, la période de latence, la période de contagiosité, la durée de la maladie, la durée de l'hospitalisation, les facteurs de risque de l'hôte, ainsi que les profils
cliniques des patients; les symptômes présentés, les symptômes au cours de la maladie, les séquelles, les comorbidités.*
Surveillance : La surveillance
de la santé publique est la collecte, l'analyse et l'interprétation continues et systématiques de données relatives à la santé. Les données de surveillance concerneront probablement le nombre de cas suspects / confirmés, le nombre de décès, le nombre de personnes
guéries. *
Coronavirologie : Toutes les recherches relatives
au virus, ses caractéristiques, sa constitution génétique et les analyses phylogénétiques.
Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes :
Toutes les études sur l'identification du virus : culture, PCR, tests de dépistage d'anticorps ou d’antigènes, etc.
Thérapeutique :
Étude des substances pouvant être utilisées pour traiter les hôtes infectés, y compris les produits d'immunisation passive.
Recherche sur les vaccins : Études des candidats à la
vaccination pour prévenir l'infection par le 2019-nCoV, y compris des essais cliniques.
Priorités de santé publique :
Ces citations porteront sur les priorités actuelles de recherche et/ou sur les lacunes dans les connaissances.
Interventions de santé publique* :
Toute étude évaluant l'efficacité (réelle ou possible) d'une intervention de santé publique (dans le cas d'un modèle prédictif).
Réponse de la santé publique :
Ces articles sont généralement des aperçus des activités passées et actuelles, qui identifient souvent les lacunes dans les connaissances et suggèrent des activités ou des objectifs futurs.
Prévention et contrôle des infections/Infection Prevention and Control (PCI/IPAC) :
Les recherches sur l'efficacité des interventions en PCI doivent également être marquées comme PCI.
Réponse des soins de santé :
Ce point comprendrait une description des activités pour traiter les cas de 2019-nCoV, notamment : mise en place d'une équipe multidisciplinaire spéciale de soins intensifs d'urgence; préparation des lits et des équipements médicaux
/ stockage des fournitures; sensibilisation et formation du personnel; reconnaissance précoce des cas et classification de la gravité de la maladie.
Modèle animal:
Zoonotic:
all literature discussing the transmission to and from or occurrence of naturally acquired SARS-COV-2 infection in animals.
Économie: documents discutant / prévoyant l'économie de la pandémie de COVID-19
Revue de la documentation :
Tous les articles qui résument les documents publiés peuvent être marqués comme une revue. Cela comprend les revues systématiques, les méta-analyses, les études de la portée, les aperçus, les examens généraux*.
Commentaires/Éditorial :
Pour les commentaires, éditoriaux, lettres à la rédaction, autres types d'articles d'opinion pour lesquels aucune nouvelle donnée n'est collectée ou aucune analyse n'est effectuée par l'auteur, veuillez les marquer dans la catégorie des
commentaires.
journaux
Articles de presse qui n'ont pas d'informations scientifiques.
* Les listes ne sont pas exhaustives