Subject: Daily Scan of COVID-19 Scientific Publications / survol journalier des publications scientifiques du COVID-19, 2020-09-28

Good afternoon,

There are 1009 citations in today’s scan. 474 were considered primary research or review literature.

Highlights today include:

CANADA

· Lin, Shen explores how racial-nativity status, family income, education level and the intersecting profile of these three social standings stratify differential patterns of chronic conditions among Canadians aged 45 years and older. There were significant racial-nativity disparities and social-class gradients in multimorbidity. The odds of having ≥3 medical conditions were greater for Black immigrants (OR=1.79,), South Asian immigrants (OR=1.49) and close to double for Aboriginal Canadians (OR=1.96) relative to Canadian-born Whites.

· Xue et al. develop a network model, where each node represents an individual and the edges represent contacts between individuals where the infection can spread. The individuals are classified based on the number of contacts they have each day (their node degrees) and their infection status. The transmission network model was respectively fitted to the reported data for the COVID-19 epidemic in Wuhan (China), Toronto (Canada), and the Italian Republic using a Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) optimization algorithm. Our model fits all three regions well with narrow confidence intervals and could be adapted to simulate other megacities or regions. The model projections on the role of containment strategies can help inform public health authorities to plan control measures.

PUBLIC HEALTH INTERVENTION

· Dave et al explore the impact of shelter in place orders on health across 40 states and the District of Colombia. Using daily state-level coronavirus case data collected by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, they find that approximately three weeks following the adoption of a SIPO, cumulative COVID-19 cases fell by approximately 53.5 percent.

· Jung et al. compared the prevention policies of Sweden and South Korea. The authors found that pre-response can be an appropriate preventive strategy against the transmission of infection.

IPAC

· Orenes-Piñero et al confirm aerosol transmission of COVID-19 in hospital care settings using “COVID traps” placed 1 meter away from patients. None of the “COVID traps” in ICU settings were positive, however, two surfaces, placed in a the room of a patient requiring respiratory assistance were positive for coronavirus at 72 h.

TRANSMISSION

· Gao et al assessed clinical and immunologic features of and breastfeeding advice provided to mother–infant pairs. This observational analysis was conducted in a tertiary-care centre in Wuhan, China.  The study results suggest that passive acquisition of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 is available by ingesting breast milk. Breastfeeding has a low risk of transmitting SARS-CoV-2 or escalating maternal disease, so continuing breastfeeding with prudent precautions is encouraged.

· Grall et al evaluated the daily viral spreading and environmental contamination around patients infected by SARS-CoV-2 and without any respiratory symptoms.. They took samples from patient phones, call bells and ‘over bed’ tables, and surgical masks worn by the patient during the clinical assessment. Findings are suggestive of an overall low viral spreading and environmental contamination, during a period of 8-days of follow up.  despite a high viral load at diagnosis, Asymptomatic patients seems to contaminate more frequently the surfaces compared to their masks in view of the fact that sampled masks were rarely contaminated beyond the third day of follow up.

EPIDEMIOLOGY

· Qun et al conducted an in-depth analysis to clarify some of the pathological mechanisms of COVID-19 and identify simple measures to predict its severity early on. Results showed that the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios(N/LRs) were closely related to interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-10 and to CD3+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes. In particular, the N/LRs were positively correlated with the severity and course of the disease.

· Mori et al investigated the clinical manifestation and disease duration in young versus elderly patients in Japan. Although the extent of lung involvement did not differ between the young and elderly patients, elderly patients were more likely to have severe clinical manifestations. Elderly patients were also more likely to be asymptomatic and a source of COVID-19 viral shedding.

· Schultze et al. examined the association of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) and COVID-19 related mortality among people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or asthma. This was an observational study using patient-level data from primary care electronic health records in England, UK. The results do not support the role of regular ICS use in protecting against COVID-19 related death among people with COPD or asthma.

· Kragholm et al. examined the risk of severe COVID‐19 between ibuprofen‐prescribed and non‐ibuprofen COVID‐19 patients in a nationwide register‐based study of COVID‐19 patients in Denmark. Among 4,002 patients, 264 (6.6%) had ibuprofen prescription claims before COVID‐19. In this nationwide study, there was no significant association between ibuprofen prescription claims and severe COVID‐19

· Park et al investigate biomarkers that can accurately discern the severity of COVID-19 disease and be a potential therapeutic target for severely symptomatic patients. The analysis suggest the increased level of TGFBIp K676Ac in ICU patients to be a reliable severity diagnostic biomarker for severe SARS-CoV-2 disease.

· Garrigues et al assessed post-discharge persistent symptoms and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of patients hospitalized in a COVID-19 ward unit more than 100 days after their admission. They found that most patients still had symptoms. The most frequently reported persistent symptoms were fatigue, dyspnoea, loss of memory, concentration and sleep disorders. Comparisons between ward- and ICU patients led to no statistically significant differences regarding those symptoms.

THERAPEUTICS

· Tortorici et al isolated and characterized two ultrapotent SARS-CoV-2 human neutralizing antibodies (S2E12 and S2M11) that protect hamsters against SARS-CoV-2 challenge. S2E12 and S2M11 block ACE2 attachment and S2M11 also locks the spike in a closed conformation by recognition of a quaternary epitope spanning 2 adjacent receptor binding domains.

· Khodadadi et al., using animal models, saw a potential protective role for cannabidiol (CBD) during ARDS that may extend CBD as part of the treatment of COVID-19 by reducing the cytokine storm, protecting pulmonary tissues, and re-establishing inflammatory homeostasis.

CORONAVIROLOGY

· Lee, et al. established a human GI tract cell line model highly permissive to SARS-CoV-2. These cells, C2BBe1 intestinal cells with a brush border having high levels of transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2), showed robust viral propagation, and could be persistently infected with SARS-CoV-2, supporting the clinical observations of persistent GI infection in COVID-19 patients.

· Rangel et al explored the role in host selectivity of ACE2, Tmprss2 and GPR78 in SARS-CoV-2. They looked at differences in the SARS-CoV-2 RBD binding mode with ACE2 of secondary hosts could be associated with host permissiveness. Their in silico studies confirm that the spike protein could interact with GRP78 in studied mammalian hosts.

DIAGNOSTICS

· Liu, et al. paired nasopharyngeal swabs, nasal swabs, oropharyngeal swabs and anal swabs were collected from patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 during infection late stage before washing in the morning and afternoon were tested by RT-PCR. Our research discovers that nasopharyngeal or nasal swab collected before washing in the morning might be more suitable for detecting of large-scale specimens from patients infected with low SARS-CoV-2 load during infection late stage.

· Soni et al propose a flow cytometry-based high-throughput screening system for testing of COVID-19 cases where the virus particle binds to specific primary antibodies and the resultant virus-antibody complex then binds to fluorescent-tagged secondary antibodies. The fluorescence signal could be measured in a flow channel for qualitative detection of virus in the test sample.

· Güçlü et al aimed to compare the saliva and Oro-Nasopharyngeal Swab (ONS) sampling methods. Results found a sensitivity and positive predictive value of saliva samples to be 85.2%, specificity and negative predictive value of 89.2%.

PUBLIC HEALTH RESPONSE

· Epstein et al assessed the physiological effects of wearing surgical masks and N95 respirators during short term strenuous workout. In healthy subjects, short term moderate-strenuous aerobic physical activity with a mask is feasible, safe, and associated with only minor changes in physiological parameters, particularly a mild increase in EtCO(2).

· Siste et al assessed the impact of COVID-19 on Internet addiction (IA) prevalence and analyzed the correlated factors during quarantine and pandemic. Online duration increased by 52% compared to before the pandemic. Physical distancing was not established as a risk of IA. Increased daily online duration, specific motivations, types of application, and having confirmed/suspected COVID-19 cases within the household were predictive of IA. Psychopathologies and sleep disruptions were related to IA occurrences and especially prevalent in groups with proximity to COVID-19.

· Kim et al. examined the implications of exposure to misinformation about COVID-19 in the United States, South Korea, and Singapore in the early stages of the pandemic. The online survey results showed that misinformation exposure reduced information insufficiency, which subsequently led to greater information avoidance and heuristic processing and less systematic processing of COVID-19 information. Indirect effects differed by country and were stronger in the U.S. sample than in the Singapore sample.

· Owen et al reports the effect of COVID-19 lockdown activities on appetite and overeating in Australian adults during the first month of measures. The weighted prevalence of being bothered by poor appetite or overeating in the previous two weeks was 53.6%. Regression analysis found age, gender, socioeconomic status, living circumstances, being born overseas, concern about contracting COVID-19, and being highly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic restrictions were associated with odds of being bothered by poor appetite or overeating.

HEALTHCARE REPONSE

· Rebmann et al administer an online survey in March, 2020 to assess access to PPE, hand hygiene products, and disinfection supplies. Participants reported running a bit low to almost being out of all PPE types. More had sufficient gloves compared to all other PPE types. Face shields and N95 respirators were the least available. Many had sufficient hand soap, but far fewer had sufficient hand sanitizer. Less than half had sufficient disinfection supplies.

· Purushothaman et al attempt to determine the effects of prolonged usage of N95 respirators and surgical facemasks amid health care workers. A questionnaire was completed by 250 healthcare worker at SRM medical college hospital in Kattankulathur. The study suggests that prolonged use of facemasks induces difficulty in breathing on exertion and excessive sweating around the mouth, which results in poorer adherence and increased risk of susceptibility to infection.

Regards,

Lisa Waddell, Tricia Corrin, Rukshanda Ahmad, Robyn Odell, Maribeth Mitri, Julie Theriault, Dobrila Todoric, Alejandra Dubois, Christina Bancej, Austyn Baumeister, Anam Khan, Musaab Younis, Lien Mi Tien, Dima Ayache, Angela Sloan, Kaitlin Young, Chatura Prematunge, Ainsley Otten, Irene Yong, Drew Greydanus, Shalane Ha, Alex Gilbert, Jessie Varga, Vanessa Zubach, Meenu Sharma, Kristyn Burak

Focus areas: Modelling/ prediction, Epidemiology, Transmission, Clinical data, Surveillance, Coronavirology, Diagnostics / Pathogen detection, Therapeutics, Vaccine Research, Public health interventions, Public Health response, Public Health Priorities, IPAC, Health care response, immunology, economics, animal model, zoonoses, Review Literature, Commentary/Editorial, news

Domaines cibles: Modélisation/prédiction, Épidémiologie, Transmission, Données cliniques, Surveillance, Coronavirologie, Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes, Thérapeutique, Recherche sur les vaccins, Interventions de santé publique, Priorités de santé publique, PCI, Réponse des soins de santé, immunologie, économie, modèle animal, zoonoses, Revue de littérature, Commentaire/Éditorial, journaux

PUBLICATIONS	AUTHORS / AUTEURS	SOURCE	FOCI / DOMAINE	SUMMARY / SOMMAIRE
Inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 main protease by phenolic compounds fromManilkara hexandra(Roxb.) Dubard assisted by metabolite profiling andin silicovirtual screening	Abd El-Mordy,  FM,  El-Hamouly, et al	RSC Advances	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	This study examined the naturally occurring flavonoids antiviral activity against different types of RNA and DNA viruses. The molecular docking study showed that rutin, myricitrin, mearnsitrin, and quercetin 3-O-β-d-glucoside have strong interaction with SARS-CoV-2 protease with high binding energy of −8.2072, −7.1973, −7.5855, and −7.6750, respectively. Interestingly, the results proved that rutin which is a citrus flavonoid glycoside exhibits the strongest inhibition effect to the SARS-CoV-2 protease enzyme.
Game theory to enhance stock management of personal protective equipment (PPE) supply during the COVID-19 outbreak	Abedrabboh,  Khaled,  Pilz, et al	arXiv	Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI) Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, many healthcare facilities have suffered from shortages in medical resources, particularly in Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). In this paper, we propose a game-theoretic approach to schedule PPE orders among healthcare facilities. In this PPE game, each independent healthcare facility optimises its own storage utilisation in order to keep its PPE cost at a minimum. Such a model can reduce peak demand considerably when applied to a fluctuating PPE consumption profile. Experiments conducted for NHS England regions using actual data confirm that the challenge of securing PPE supply during disasters such as COVID-19 can be eased if proper stock management procedures are adopted. These procedures can include early stockpiling, increasing storage capacities and implementing measures that can prolong the time period between successive infection waves, such as social distancing measures. Simulation results suggest that the provision of PPE dedicated storage space can be a viable solution to avoid straining PPE supply chains in case a second wave of COVID-19 infections occurs.
Fibrin-derived peptide Bβ15-42 (FX06) as salvage treatment in critically ill patients with COVID-19-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome	Adam,  EH,  Schmid, et al	Crit Care	Clinical data| Données cliniques	This editorial describes the empirical salvage treatment of critically ill COVID-19 patients in two German tertiary care University Hospitals with FX06 (F4 Pharma, Vienna, Austria), a naturally occurring peptide derived from the neo-N-terminus of fibrin (Bβ15-42).  This observational case series included six patients during their treatment in the intensive care unit. Six mechanically ventilated patients suffering from moderate to severe ARDS upon ICU admission were treated with i.v. FX06 (400–600 mg per day; 3–7 days). Observed substantial improvement in lung function following FX06 administration, which may be attributed to its immunomodulatory properties and its function to preserve the endothelial barrier . Patients treated with FX06 displayed a remarkable increase of their oxygenation indices, which we consider to be indicative of the normalization of the pulmonary vascular walls through the aforementioned underlying mechanisms.
Clinical waste management under COVID-19 scenario in Malaysia	Agamuthu,  P,  Barasarathi, et al	Waste Manag Res	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This article presents the impacts of COVID-19 in waste generation, policy and regulation of CW management (CWM) in Malaysia and a case study on the CWM at a selected hospital used as a COVID-19 focal point. The current practice of CWM follows the existing policy and legislation of CWM detailed in the Schedule Waste Regulation (2005), Environmental Quality Act, 1974, and with the standard operating procedure provided by the Ministry of Health, Malaysia. The case study revealed that the CWM in government hospitals followed existing guidelines for CWM for COVID-19 waste, with some additional precautions and rules by the waste management contractors.
Managing vitreoretinal surgeries during COVID-19 lockdown in India: Experiences and future implications	Agarwal,  D,  Chawla, et al	Indian J Ophthalmol	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This study describes the clinical and demographic profile of patients who required vitreoretinal surgeries during the novel coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) lockdown in India. And also reports on the operating protocols and initial experience while performing vitreoretinal surgeries during COVID-19 times at a government tertiary eye care hospital.  Eighty six patients were considered for vitreoretinal surgery in this period. Finally, 83 patients underwent surgery. The mean age of the patients was 38.4 ± 20.1 years (Range, 1 month - 75 years). Majority of them were males (66%) and adults (82.6%). Majority of them came from nearby hotspot areas. Most common indications were acute retinal detachment (38.5%) and diabetic vitrectomies (22.9%). Trauma-related cases (14.4%) were less. Surgery was deferred in 3 patients who turned out to be COVID-19 positive. 4 HCWs were quarantined but none of them developed COVID-19 disease.
Bilateral pneumothorax as possible atypical presentation of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)	Ahluwalia,  AS,  Qarni, et al	Respiratory Medicine Case Reports	Clinical data| Données cliniques	This article reports a case of a healthy, young Hispanic man presented to the emergency department with three days of fever, cough, and dyspnea. He developed bilateral pneumothoraces, pneumomediastinum, and pneumopericardium requiring bilateral chest tubes . The patient had no predisposing risk factors for pneumothorax. The only positive diagnostic test was a SARS-CoV-2 test by real-time reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction assay.  This case highlights the potential atypical presentation of a COVID-19 infection.
What Can We Estimate From Fatality and Infectious Case Data Using the Susceptible-Infected-Removed (SIR) Model? A Case Study of Covid-19 Pandemic	Ahmetolan,  S,  Bilge, et al	Frontiers in Medicine	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	In this article, the determination of the basic reproduction number, the mean duration of the infectious period, the estimation of the timing of the peak of the epidemic wave is discussed using early phase data. Daily case reports and daily fatalities for China, South Korea, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Iran, Turkey, the United Kingdom and the United States over the period January 22, 2020–April 18, 2020 are evaluated using the Susceptible-Infected-Removed (SIR) model. For each country, the SIR models fitting cumulative infective case data within 5% error are analyzed. It is observed that the basic reproduction number and the mean duration of the infectious period can be estimated only in cases where the spread of the epidemic is over (for China and South Korea in the present case).  The validation of the estimates by comparing the predictions with actual data has shown that the predictions were realized for all countries except USA, as long as lock-down measures were retained.
Deep MLP-CNN model using mixed-data to distinguish between COVID-19 and Non-COVID-19 patients	Ahsan,  MM,  Alam, et al	Symmetry	Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	This study developed a COVID-19 diagnosis model using Multilayer Perceptron and Convolutional Neural Network (MLP-CNN) for mixed-data (numerical/categorical and image data) to predict and differentiate between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 patients. Also explored the benefits of using numerical/categorical data in association with chest X-ray images for screening COVID-19 patients considering both balanced and imbalanced datasets. Three different optimization algorithms are used and tested:adaptive learning rate optimization algorithm (Adam), stochastic gradient descent (Sgd), and root mean square propagation (Rmsprop). Preliminary computational results show that, on a balanced dataset, a model trained with Adam can distinguish between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 patients with a higher accuracy of 96.3%. On the imbalanced dataset, the model trained with Rmsprop outperformed all other models by achieving an accuracy of 95.38%. Additionally, the proposed model outperformed selected existing deep learning models (considering only chest X-ray or CT scan images) by producing an overall average accuracy of 94.6% - 3.42%.
Coding-Complete Genome Sequences of Three SARS-CoV-2 Strains from Bangladesh	Akter,  S,  Banu, et al	Microbiol Resour Announc	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	We report the sequencing of three severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) genomes from Bangladesh. We have identified a unique mutation (NSP2_V480I) in one of the sequenced genomes (isolate hCoV-19/Bangladesh/BCSIR-NILMRC-006/2020) compared to the sequences available in the Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data (GISAID) database. The data from this analysis will contribute to advancing our understanding of the epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 in Bangladesh as well as worldwide at the molecular level and will identify potential new targets for interventions.
Healthcare professionals’ knowledge, perception and practice towards COVID-19: A cross-sectional web-survey	Aladul,  MI,  Al-Qazaz Kh, et al	Journal of Pharmaceutical Health Services Research	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This study evaluated Iraqi HCPs (physicians, dentists and pharmacists) knowledge, perception and practice towards COVID-19. Three hundred seventy two HCPs participated in the study. The majority of Iraqi HCPs have a good knowledge about the origin, incubation period, the mode of transmission, the common signs and symptoms and the groups of patients who were at higher risk of COVID-19. HCPs identified internet, social media as the main source of information about the disease.
Impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on patients with migraine: a web-based survey study	Al-Hashel,  J,  Ismail, et al	J Headache Pain	Clinical data| Données cliniques Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study  investigated the "real-world" impact of COVID-19 pandemic on migraine patients, and identified risk factors for poor outcome. In comparison to pre-pandemic period, 607 respondents (59.6%) reported increase in migraine frequency, 163 (16%) reported decrease in frequency, and 105 (10.3%) transformed to chronic migraine. Severity was reported to increase by 653 (64.1%) respondents. The majority of respondents; 626 (61.5%) did not communicate with their neurologists, 477 (46.9%) reported compliance to treatment, and 597 (58.7%) reported overuse of analgesics. Botox injections cancellation had a negative impact on 150 respondents (66.1%) from those receiving it. Forty-one respondents (4%) were infected with COVID-19; 26 (63.4%) reported worsening of their headaches amid infection period. Sleep disturbance was reported by 794 (78.1%) of respondents, and 809 (79.5%) reported having symptoms of anxiety and/or depression.
Mental stress in anesthesia and intensive care physicians during COVID-19 outbreak	Ali,  H,  Ismail, et al	Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	The objective of this study was to assess the magnitude of mental stress among anesthesia and ICU physicians in Cairo university hospitals, Egypt, treating patients exposed to COVID-19. A total of 193 out of 315 contacted physicians completed the survey. A significant proportion of participants (65%) experienced high levels of psychological distress during this acute situation, with the PSS-10 median score of 21 in the registrar group and 18 in the consultant group; the difference was statistically significant (P = 0.03). The most common causes of stress among the participants were the fears that they might transmit the disease to their loved people and the lack of a clear protocol on how to deal with COVID-19 cases, either suspected or confirmed.
Lies Kill, Facts Save: Detecting COVID-19 Misinformation in Twitter	Al-Rakhami,  M,  Al-Amri, et al	IEEE Access	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This article reports on analyzing the credibility of information shared on Twitter pertaining the COVID-19 pandemic. Proposed an ensemble-learning-based framework for verifying the credibility of a vast number of tweets. And conducted analyses of a large dataset of tweets conveying information regarding COVID-19. Classified the  information into two categories: credible or non-credible. The results obtained with the proposed framework reveal high accuracy in detecting credible and non-credible tweets containing COVID-19 information.
Public and healthcare providers awareness of Coronavirus (COVID-19) in Qassim Region, Saudi Arabia	Al-Rasheedi,  M,  Alhazmi, et al	Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This study analyzed and evaluated the COVID-19 disease awareness among the general public and healthcare providers in Qassim region in Saudi Arabia. Results showed that both groups had adequate awareness of COVID -19. Overall, 129 (99%) out of the 130 participants are aware of COVID-19, and 116 (90%) have recognize it as a respiratory disease and 100% of the participants have recognized it as a contagious disease. Around 94% of the participants were able to recognize the correct incubation period of the virus. Participants of the age group 20–40 showed higher awareness level than other age groups (P value = 0.005). In addition, government employees showed higher awareness level than other profession groups (P = 0.039). Results showed significant positive correlation between the recognition of high-risk groups, reliable source of information, infection symptoms, disease prevention and available treatments.
Air pollution increase susceptibility of baghdad (Iraq) population to COVID-19: Al-zafarania distract case study	Al-Sudani,  I,  Altmimi, et al	International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	This study looked at the air pollution and the increase susceptibility of getting COVID19 in Baghdad,Iraq. The air pollution gases data (NO2, SO2, CO and O3 ppm/hour) collected was highest on the Rusafa side than Karkh side of Baghdad. Daily published data of COVI-19 infection, recover and death cases was recorded for the periods (27 February to 16 April) were the highest infections was in Baghdad (246 cases) compared with the other Iraqi provinces. it was noted that the COVID-19 infection was more (194 cases) in Rusafa when compared with (70 cases) in Karkh. By the same token, the mortality rate was (8.0 %) in Rusafa; while the Karkh rate was (7%). Recovery rate was lower in Rusafa side (65%) but Karkh side reach (67%).
32912742; Encefalitis anti-NMDA-R secundaria a infección por SARS-CoV-2	Álvarez Bravo,  G,  Ramió i Torrentà, et al	Neurologia	Clinical data| Données cliniques	This editorial is in Spanish. Present the case of a patient with anti N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis due to SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Pandæsim: An epidemic spreading stochastic simulator	Amar,  P	Biology	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	This case study modeled the numbers of individuals in different states of the disease, and their locations in the country. Used the variant of the well known Gillespie stochastic algorithm, along with the sub-volumes method to take into account the spatial localisation. This algorithm allows to switch from stochastic discrete simulation to continuous deterministic resolution using mean values. Applied these approaches on the study of the Covid-19 epidemic in France. The stochastic discrete version of Pandæsim showed very good correlations between the simulation results and the statistics gathered from hospitals, both on day by day and on global numbers, including the effects of the lockdown. And highlighted interesting differences in behaviour between the continuous and discrete methods arising in some particular conditions.
N-glycoproteomic Profiling Revealing New Coronavirus Therapeutic Targets That Maybe Involved in Cepharanthine’s Intervention	An,  Wenlin,  Tian, et al	Research Square prepub	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	This study investigated the mechanism of coronavirus infestation and drug targets from glycosylation perspective by constructing a SARS-CoV-2 cellular model using GX_P2V-infected VeroE6 cells. Studied the effects of GX_P2V on glycoproteins in presence or absence of Cepharanthine (CEP) through N-glycoproteomics profiling. The results showed that coronavirus GX_P2V could cause aberrant protein glycosylation, whereas CEP can partially maintain GX_P2V-induced aberrant glycoproteins at homeostasis. Further study revealed that proteins LAMB1 and FN1 were pivotal in counteracting coronavirus-induced aberrant protein glycosylation by CEP. Furthermore, CEP can dramatically regulate the glycosylation of viral proteins S, M and N. These results suggest that despite the strong anti-coronavirus effects of CEP, drug combinations need be considered to achieve optimal therapeutic strategies.
How hand and wrist trauma has changed during covid-19 emergency in Italy: Incidence and distribution of acute injuries. What to learn?	Andrea,  P,  Andrea, et al	Journal of Clinical Orthopaedics and Trauma	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This study gathered and analyzed the statistical data of wrist and hand injuries admitted to the Careggi Hospital, Florence during the first two months of COVID-19 epidemic in Italy. The total number of orthopedic and trauma patients significantly decrease in 2020 compared to 2019 (3360 vs 1470). The number of hand and wrist injuries didn't show a significant difference between 2019 and 2020 instead (192 vs 131). The overall number of patients hospitalized and surgically treated at our Operative Unit (OU) was 168 in 2019 and 120 in 2020. Male patients resulted prevalent (60,7 M vs 39,3F/2019; 63,2 M vs 36,8F/2020). In terms of patient age, in 2020 we registered a significant reduction of cases in the 20-35-year-old age group and a significant increase in the 51–65 and 66-80-year-old age groups. Traffic-related, sport-related and fortuitous injuries significantly decreased in 2020, while the number of domestic accidents significantly increased.
32589496; The Impact of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Outbreak on the Attendance of Patients with Surgical Complaints at a Tertiary Hospital Emergency Department	Anteby,  R,  Zager, et al	Journal of laparoendoscopic & advanced surgical techniques.Part A	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This single tertiary center retrospective study compared and analysed the ED attendance rate and severity of 6,017 patients with surgical complaints between March 2020 (COVID-19 outbreak) and pre-COVID-19 periods. The mean daily ED visits of patients with nontrauma surgical complaints in the COVID-19 outbreak period declined by 27%-32% (P value <.01) compared with pre-COVID-19 periods. The log number of confirmed SARS-CoV-2 cases in Israel in March 2020 was negatively correlated with the number of ED visits. The proportion of patients requiring hospitalization increased by up to 8% during the outbreak period (P < .01), and there was a higher proportion of tachycardic patients (20% versus 15.5%, P = .01). The percentage of visits to the ED by men declined by 5% (P < .01). Overall, the number of patients presenting at the ED with surgical complaints decreased significantly, and however, there was a higher admissions ratio.
32935788; COVID-19 presenting as an exanthematic disease: a case report	Aragão,  MT,  Santos Júnior, et al	Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is caused by SARS-CoV-2 and has spread rapidly and caused a global pandemic. Knowledge about clinical and laboratory manifestations in the pediatric population is necessary to guide and monitor such patients. A 3-year-old female patient diagnosed with COVID-19 presented with high fever. After defervescence, she experienced a maculopapular rash that worsened by the sixth day of the disease with self-limited evolution without relevant laboratory changes. The identification of rashes in children with COVID-19 is an unusual and important condition that must be recognized in view of the high transmissibility shown.
A Caputo power law model predicting the spread of the COVID-19 outbreak in Pakistan	Arfan,  M,  Shah, et al	Alexandria Engineering Journal	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	This work is devoted to establish a modified population model of susceptible and infected (SI) compartments to predict the spread of the infectious disease COVID-19 in Pakistan. We have formulated the model and derived its boundedness and feasibility. By using next generation matrices method we have derived some results for the global and local stability of different kinds of equilibrium points. Also, by using fixed point approach some results of existence of at least one solution are studied. Furthermore, the numerical simulations for various values of isolation parameters corresponding to different fractional order are investigated by using modified Euler's method. © 2020 Faculty of Engineering, Alexandria University
Analysis of twitter data using evolutionary clustering during the COVID-19 pandemic	Arpaci,  I,  Alshehabi, et al	Computers, Materials and Continua	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study analyzed 43 million tweets collected between March 22 and March 30, 2020 and described the trend of public attention given to the topics related to the COVID-19 epidemic using evolutionary clustering analysis. The results indicated that unigram terms were trended more frequently than bigram and trigram terms. A large number of tweets about the COVID-19 were disseminated and received widespread public attention during the epidemic. The high-frequency words such as "death", "test", "spread", and "lockdown" suggest that people fear of being infected, and those who got infection are afraid of death. The results also showed that people agreed to stay at home due to the fear of the spread, and they were calling for social distancing since they become aware of the COVID-19.
Studying the Clinical Data of COVID Positive patients admitted to a tertiary care academic hospital	Arrieta,  J,  Galwankar, et al	Journal of Emergencies, Trauma and Shock	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	We are hereby presenting analysis of clinical data collected from the first 30 COVID positive patients admitted to our teaching hospital in Sarasota Florida. A total of 30 patients were included who were admitted during the study period. Majority of the patients (86%) were elderly, males were 57%, and the average age was 70 years (range, 38-90). About 43% had any travel history outside the region and most (83%) had a comorbidity. Fever, cough, and shortness of breath were common presenting symptoms. About 33% of the patients required ICU at presentation. Abnormal imaging on presentation was present in 80% of the patients and 42% of them had nonspecific bilateral opacities. Complications seen included acute hypoxic respiratory failure (43%), renal failure (13%), septic shock (10%), cytokine storm (3%), and cardiomyopathy (3%). All nonsurvivors developed acute respiratory distress syndrome prior to death. Of the survivors, 21 (70%) were relieved and were discharged.
Efficacy of masks and face coverings in controlling outward aerosol particle emission from expiratory activities	Asadi,  S,  Cappa, et al	Sci Rep	Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI)	Although mask wearing is intended, in part, to protect others from exhaled, virus-containing particles, few studies have examined particle emission by mask-wearers into the surrounding air. Here, we measured outward emissions of micron-scale aerosol particles by healthy humans performing various expiratory activities while wearing different types of medical-grade or homemade masks. Both surgical masks and unvented KN95 respirators, even without fit-testing, reduce the outward particle emission rates by 90% and 74% on average during speaking and coughing, respectively, compared to wearing no mask, corroborating their effectiveness at reducing outward emission. These masks similarly decreased the outward particle emission of a coughing superemitter, who for unclear reasons emitted up to two orders of magnitude more expiratory particles via coughing than average. In contrast, shedding of non-expiratory micron-scale particulates from friable cellulosic fibers in homemade cotton-fabric masks confounded explicit determination of their efficacy at reducing expiratory particle emission. Audio analysis of the speech and coughing intensity confirmed that people speak more loudly, but do not cough more loudly, when wearing a mask.
PMC7451187; The impact of COVID-19 on student experiences and expectations: Evidence from a survey	Aucejo,  EM,  French, et al	J Public Econ	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	To understand the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on higher education, we surveyed approximately 1500 students at one of the largest public institutions in the United States using an instrument designed to recover the causal impact of the pandemic on students' current and expected outcomes. Results show large negative effects across many dimensions. Due to COVID-19: 13% of students have delayed graduation, 40% have lost a job, internship, or job offer, and 29% expect to earn less at age 35. Moreover, these effects have been highly heterogeneous. One quarter of students increased their study time by more than 4 hours per week due to COVID-19, while another quarter decreased their study time by more than 5 hours per week. This heterogeneity often followed existing socioeconomic divides. Lower-income students are 55% more likely than their higher-income peers to have delayed graduation due to COVID-19. Finally, we show that the economic and health related shocks induced by COVID-19 vary systematically by socioeconomic factors and constitute key mediators in explaining the large (and heterogeneous) effects of the pandemic.
Online Experimentation during COVID-19 Secondary School Closures: Teaching Methods and Student Perceptions	Babinčáková,  M,  Bernard, et al	Journal of chemical education	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This paper presents experiences of secondary chemistry teachers from Slovakia, participants in the IT Academy Project, who earlier, within the framework of the project, were equipped with the necessary skills and tools to run virtual classes, supported with data logging experiments. In this communication, the teachers' efforts using online experimental practices are described, as well as reflections by their students about the experiences.
Genomic and Proteomic Mutation Landscapes of SARS-CoV-2	Badua,  Cldc,  Baldo, et al	J Med Virol	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	This study surveyed the SARS-CoV-2 genome and proteome and evaluated its mutation characteristics. Phylogenetic analyses of SARS-CoV-2 genes and proteins show three major clades and one minor clade (P6810S; ORF1ab). The overall frequency and densities of mutations in the genes and proteins of SARS-CoV-2 were observed Nucleocapsid exhibited the highest mutation density among the structural proteins while the Spike D614G was the most common, occurring mostly in genomes outside China and USA. ORF8 protein had the highest mutation density across all geographical areas. Moreover, mutation hotspots neighboring and at the catalytic site of RNA-dependent-RNA-polymerase were found that might challenge the binding and effectivity of remdesivir. Mutation coldspots may present as conserved diagnostic and therapeutic targets were found in ORF7b, ORF9b and ORF14.
Early predictors of in-hospital mortality in patients with COVID-19 in a large American cohort	Bahl,  A,  Van Baalen, et al	Intern Emerg Med	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	This was a multicentered cohort study identifying patient characteristics and diagnostic markers present on initial evaluation associated with mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.Of 1629 consecutive hospitalized adult patients with confirmed COVID-19 from March 1-31, 2020, 1461 patients were included in final analysis. 327 patients died during hospitalization and 1134 survived to discharge. Median age was 62 years (IQR 50.0, 74.0) with 56% of hospitalized patients under the age of 65. 47% were female and 63% identified as African American. Most patients (55%) had either no or one comorbidity. In multivariable analysis, older age, admission respiratory status including elevated respiratory rate and oxygen saturation ≤ 88%, and initial laboratory derangements of creatinine > 1.33 mg/dL, alanine aminotransferase > 40 U/L, procalcitonin > 0.5 ng/mL, and lactic acid ≥ 2 mmol/L increased risk of in-hospital death.
Exploring the unknown territories in the new normal world of COVID	Bajwa,  S,  Gupta, et al	Journal of Anaesthesiology Clinical Pharmacology	Clinical data| Données cliniques	This article reports the perioperative management of two coronavirus disease-19 positive cases, one of whom was a pregnant patient. Their CSF samples, which were collected during the administration of spinal anesthesia, tested to be negative for RT-PCR test. We wish to highlight from these cases, that during spinal anesthesia, CSF in mildly symptomatic COVID-19 cases probably does not pose a risk of transmission to the anesthesiologist. However, we suggest that due to the varied presentations of the virus, health care personnel, especially anesthesiologists have to be careful during the perioperative management of such cases.
32934038; C-reactive protein and albumin association with mortality of hospitalised SARS-CoV-2 patients: A tertiary hospital experience	Bannaga,  AS,  Tabuso, et al	Clinical medicine (London, England)	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	The objective was to study hospitalised COVID-19 patients' mortality and intensive care unit (ICU) admission with covariates of interest (age, gender, ethnicity, clinical presentation, comorbidities and admission laboratory findings). There were 321 patients hospitalised. Median age was 73 years and 189 (59%) were male. Black, Asian, and minority ethnic (BAME) and male patients were associated with ICU admission. High CRP and low albumin (after correcting for age) were associated with mortality.
32920000; Safety assessment of drug combinations used in COVID-19 treatment: in silico toxicogenomic data-mining approach	Baralić,  K,  Jorgovanović, et al	Toxicology and applied pharmacology	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	By using in silico toxicogenomic data-mining approach, we aimed to assess both risks and benefits of the COVID-19 treatment with the most promising candidate drugs combinations: lopinavir/ritonavir and chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine + azithromycin. Our results have demonstrated that lopinavir/ritonavir increased the expression of the genes involved in immune response and lipid metabolism (IL6, ICAM1, CCL2, TNF, APOA1, etc.). Chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine + azithromycin interacted with 6 genes (CCL2, CTSB, CXCL8, IL1B, IL6 and TNF), whereas chloroquine and azithromycin affected two additional genes (BCL2L1 and CYP3A4), which might be a reason behind a greater number of consequential diseases. In contrast to lopinavir/ritonavir, chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine + azithromycin downregulated the expression of TNF and IL6. As expected, inflammation, cardiotoxicity, and dyslipidaemias were revealed as the main risks of lopinavir/ritonavir treatment, while chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine + azithromycin therapy was additionally linked to gastrointestinal and skin diseases. According to our results, these drug combinations should be administrated with caution to patients suffering from cardiovascular problems, autoimmune diseases, or acquired and hereditary lipid disorders.
Fleeing lockdown and its impact on the size of epidemic outbreaks in the source and target regions - a COVID-19 lesson	Barbarossa,  Maria Vittoria,  Bogya, et al	Research Square prepub	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Transmission Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	In this work, we investigate the effect of fleeing on the size of an epidemic outbreak in the region under lockdown, and also in the region of destination. We propose a mathematical model that is suitable to describe the spread of an infectious disease over multiple geographic regions. Our approach is flexible to characterize the transmission of different viruses. As an example, we consider the COVID-19 outbreak in Italy. Projection of different scenarios shows that (i) timely and stricter intervention could have significantly lowered the number of cumulative cases in Italy, and (ii) fleeing at the time of lockdown possibly played a minor role in the spread of the disease in the country.
32888979; Initial MEWS score to predict ICU admission or transfer of hospitalized patients with COVID-19: A retrospective study	Barnett,  WR,  Radhakrishnan, et al	Journal of Infection	Clinical data| Données cliniques Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	A retrospective study was conducted at the University of Toledo Medical Center (Toledo, OH) on COVID-19 positive patients hospitalized from late March to the end of May 2020. Our academic medical center developed a modified early warning score (MEWS) system in 2015 and it was rolled out hospital-wide the following year. The study suggests that MEWS could be used as a surrogate measure alongside other parameters to determine ICU admission or transfer when the SOFA score is unavailable.
Auto-antibodies against type I IFNs in patients with life-threatening COVID-19	Bastard,  P,  Rosen, et al	Science	Clinical data| Données cliniques Immunology | Immunologie	Interindividual clinical variability in the course of SARS-CoV-2 infection is immense. We report that at least 101 of 987 patients with life-threatening COVID-19 pneumonia had neutralizing IgG auto-Abs against IFN-ω (13 patients), the 13 types of IFN-α (36), or both (52), at the onset of critical disease; a few also had auto-Abs against the other three type I IFNs. The auto-Abs neutralize the ability of the corresponding type I IFNs to block SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro. These auto-Abs were not found in 663 individuals with asymptomatic or mild SARS-CoV-2 infection and were present in only 4 of 1,227 healthy individuals. Patients with auto-Abs were aged 25 to 87 years and 95 were men. A B cell auto-immune phenocopy of inborn errors of type I IFN immunity underlies life-threatening COVID-19 pneumonia in at least 2.6% of women and 12.5% of men.
Lessons learned from first case of Cesarean delivery in a COVID-19 positive parturient in Greek region	Batistaki,  C,  Galarioti, et al	Journal of Anaesthesiology Clinical Pharmacology	Clinical data| Données cliniques	We report the successful anesthetic management of a 24-year-old patient, with an active COVID-19 viral infection, scheduled for elective Cesarean section at 40th week of pregnancy. This was the first case in Greek region, and we report and discuss the difficulties and safety issues regarding a COVID-19 positive patient during an elective cesarean delivery. Regional anesthesia with full protective equipment for health personnel involved, along with careful planning and adherence to guidelines achieved safe completion of the operation.
A comparative evaluation between the Abbott Panbio™ COVID-19 IgG/IgM rapid test device and Abbott Architect™ SARS CoV-2 IgG assay	Batra,  R,  Olivieri, et al	Journal of Clinical Virology	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	The aim of this study was to compare the performance of the Abbott PanbioTM COVID-19 IgG/IgM Rapid Test Device against the Abbott ArchitectTM SARS CoV-2 IgG Assay for the detection of the COVID-19 IgG antibody. The ArchitectTM test had a specificity of 100 % and sensitivity of 99.1 % and 93.9 % when excluding or including immunocompromised patients, respectively for specimens collected >14 days post symptom onset or >5 days post-RNA testing. The PanbioTM test had 99.3 % agreement to ArchitectTM. Notably, N = 6 immune-compromised individuals were identified that did not develop detectable antibodies by day 30.
Neuro-COVID - Neurological symptoms in SARS-CoV-2 infection	Baumgartner,  C,  Pirker-Kees, et al	Journal fur Neurologie, Neurochirurgie und Psychiatrie	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Article in German. Abstract and full text not available.
Basic Psychological Need-Satisfying Activities during the COVID-19 Outbreak	Behzadnia,  B,  FatahModares, et al	Appl Psychol Health Well Being	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	In this study, we applied principles from Self-Determination Theory to develop and test activities to satisfy basic psychological needs (autonomy, competence, and relatedness) to enhance the experience of need satisfaction, autonomous self-regulation, and subjective vitality, and to decrease the experience of need frustration, controlled self-regulation, amotivation, and perceived stress. Using a 10-day experimental research design among an Iranian sample (N = 208, M(age) = 23.52, SD = 5.00), we randomly allocated participants to either an experimental (basic psychological need-satisfying activities intervention, n = 98) or a control (neutral comparison group, n = 110) condition. Repeated measure ANCOVA showed that participants in the experimental condition reported greater psychological need satisfaction, autonomous self-regulation, subjective vitality, and lesser psychological need frustration, amotivation, and perceived stress than did participants in the control condition.
Severe prolonged neutropenia following administration of tocilizumab in a patient affected by COVID-19: a case report and brief review of the literature	Bernardo,  L,  Del Sesto, et al	Drugs and Therapy Perspectives	Clinical data| Données cliniques	In this article, we present the case of a Black patient with acute pneumonia who benefited greatly from tocilizumab, but developed severe prolonged neutropenia. Considering the increasing use of tocilizumab among patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), this case warrants further research regarding the possible adverse hematological effects that need to be monitored in order to prevent secondary infections.
The Impact Of The COVID-19 Pandemic On Hospital Admissions In The United States	Birkmeyer,  JD,  Barnato, et al	Health Aff (Millwood)	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	In this study of approximately 1 million medical admissions from a large nationally representative hospitalist group, we found that declines in non-COVID-19 admissions from February to April 2020 were generally similar across patient demographic subgroups and exceeded 20% for all primary admission diagnoses. By late June/early July 2020, overall non-COVID-19 admissions had rebounded to 16% below pre-pandemic baseline volume (8% including COVID-19 admissions). Non-COVID-19 admissions were substantially lower for patients residing in majority-Hispanic neighborhoods (32% below baseline) and remained well below baseline for patients with pneumonia (-44%), COPD/asthma (-40%), sepsis (-25%), urinary tract infection (-24%) and acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), -22%).
COVID-19 pneumonia in patients with chronic myocarditis (recurrent infectious immune): Specifics of the diseases course, the role of basic therapy (Part 1)	Blagova,  OV,  Varionchik, et al	Rational Pharmacotherapy in Cardiology	Clinical data| Données cliniques	The article describes a 31-year-old patient with a 10-year history of chronic recurrent infectious-immune myocarditis, who was on long-term immunosuppressive therapy (methylprednisolone and azathioprine in the past, then hydroxychloroquine). In May 2020, a serologically confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis was made. There were risk factors for the unfavorable course of coronavirus infection: heart failure and a history of persistent atrial fibrillation, male sex. Basic therapy with hydroxychloroquine (with an increase in its dose to 800-400 mg/day), ceftriaxone, and levofloxacin was carried out. The severity of pneumonia was moderate, despite febrile fever and severe intoxication. No relapses of arrhythmias, respiratory or heart failure were observed.
Students' Perceptions Regarding the Abrupt Transition to Online Learning during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Case of Faculty of Chemistry and Hydrocarbons at the University of Boumerdes - Algeria	Blizak,  D,  Blizak, et al	Journal of chemical education	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	Our objective of this exploratory study is to investigate the perceptions of Algerian university students regarding the abrupt transition to online learning amid the COVID-19 pandemic. To achieve this goal, an online survey with closed and open-ended questions was conducted among 380 students from the faculty of chemistry and hydrocarbons (FCH) at the University of Boumerdes - Algeria. The results showed that students have a negative perception of online learning. They are reluctant about this new digital pedagogy and prefer the traditional way of teaching to online teaching during the coronavirus pandemic.
The impact of lockdown on the learning gap: family and school divisions in times of crisis	Bonal,  X,  González, et al	International Review of Education	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	Article in French. This article assesses the impact of the school lockdown on the learning gap between children from different social backgrounds in Catalonia. Based on 35,419 responses to an online survey administered between 26 and 30 March 2020 to families with children aged between 3 and 18, the authors’ analysis shows that learning opportunities varied significantly. Middle-class families were able to maintain higher standards of education quality in a critical context, while children from socially disadvantaged families had few learning opportunities both in terms of time and learning experiences (schoolwork and maintenance of after-school activities). Results differed by type of school (public/private) where students were enrolled, family economic, social and cultural capital, and family living conditions. In the final part of the article, the authors highlight the importance of the role of the school in ensuring learning opportunities for children from low socioeconomic backgrounds, and they discuss some policy implications of their findings.
Tocilizumab for COVID-19 Pneumonia in a Patient With Non–Small-cell Lung Cancer Treated With Chemoimmunotherapy	Bonomi,  M,  Maltese, et al	Clinical Lung Cancer	Clinical data| Données cliniques	In the present report, we have described our experience with tocilizumab treatment for a patient with stage IV lung adenocarcinoma, who had developed COVID-19 pneumonia after his first cycle of chemoimmunotherapy.
Sustainability of basket peg choices in the post-COVID-19 era: new evidence from Morocco & Tunisia	Bouhali,  H,  Dahbani, et al	Macroeconomics and Finance in Emerging Market Economies	Economics | Économie	This article aims to study the impact of peg structure on volatility behaviour and crisis vulnerability, considering the COVID-19 economic context. We adopt a comparative analysis of volatility behaviour using GARCH family models and the ICSS Algorithm for the cases of Morocco and Tunisia. Our main finding is that peg characteristics aren’t the unique parameters impacting volatility behaviour and the exposition to the crisis. Furthermore, we detect different variations in volatility parameters as a result of the contrasting economic contexts and COVID-19 economic fallouts. Finally, we present some interesting policy implications, and we suggest some leads for future research.
“Do I have enough food?” How need for cognitive closure and gender impact stockpiling and food waste during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-national study in India and the United States of America	Brizi,  A,  Biraglia, et al	Personality and Individual Differences	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	Using a cross-national survey conducted in the United States and India, we investigate how individuals' levels of need for cognitive closure (NFC) relate to food stockpiling and waste during the COVID-19 pandemic. Through a sequential mediation model, we show how individuals high in NFC did not perceive to have enough food at home, ending up buying more food than usual and, eventually, wasting more. Individuals' gender and country of residence moderate such phenomenon, with the effect being more pronounced among Indian (rather than American) women. We discuss how gender roles in different countries can correlate with the stockpiling and food waste processes. We conclude the manuscript by suggesting how public communication and policy making could develop targeted programs to mitigate such issues.
Broad-spectrum, patient-adaptable inhaled niclosamide-lysozyme particles are efficacious against coronaviruses in lethal murine infection models	Brunaugh,  AshleeD,  Seo, et al	bioRxiv	Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	We have developed a niclosamide powder suitable for delivery via dry powder inhaler, nebulizer, and nasal spray through the incorporation of human lysozyme (hLYS) as a carrier molecule. This novel formulation exhibits potent in vitro and in vivo activity against MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 and protects against methicillin-resistance staphylococcus aureus pneumonia and inflammatory lung damage. The suitability of the formulation for all stages of the disease and low-cost development approach will ensure wide-spread utilization.
Analytical Chemistry Online? Lessons Learned from Transitioning a Project Lab Online Due to COVID-19	Buchberger,  AR,  Evans, et al	Journal of chemical education	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	Here we describe the transition of an inquiry-based project lab from a data-collection-focused experience into a statistical-analysis-driven one using a previously collected data set. Student opinions on the project were collected using a postproject feedback form, and instructors were surveyed for their observations. The major focus of this communication is a discussion of the common successes and challenges found in the staff and student feedback. Although we underestimated the personal struggles of individual students and the communication issues that occurred, overall our reimagination of the project was successful, especially in the adaptation of the course material and the resources developed for student success.
Complications and mortality of cardiovascular emergency admissions during COVID-19 associated restrictive measures	Bugger,  H,  Gollmer, et al	PLoS One	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This study evaluated admission rates, complications, and intrahospital mortality for selected life-threatening cardiovascular emergencies (MI, PE, and acute aortic dissection (AAD)) during COVID-19-associated restrictive social measures (RM) in Styria, Austria. We retrospectively identified patients with admission diagnoses for MI (I21, I22), PE (I26), and AAD (I71). Rates of complications such as cardiogenic shock and cardiopulmonary resuscitation, treatment escalations (thrombolysis for PE), and mortality were analyzed by patient chart review during 6 weeks following onset of COVID-19 associated RM, and during respective time frames in the years 2016 to 2019. 1,668 patients were included. Cumulative admissions for MI, PE and AAD decreased (RR 0.77; p<0.001) during RM compared to previous years. In contrast, intrahospital mortality increased by 65% (RR 1.65; p = 0.041), mainly driven by mortality following MI (RR 1.80; p = 0.042). PE patients received more frequently thrombolysis treatment (RR 3.63; p = 0.006), while rates of cardiogenic shock and cardiopulmonary resuscitation remained unchanged. Of 226 patients hospitalized during RM, 81 patients with suspected COVID-19 disease were screened for SARS-CoV-2 infection with only 5 testing positive.
On modeling of coronavirus-19 disease under Mittag-Leffler power law	Bushnaq,  S,  Shah, et al	Advances in Difference Equations	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	This paper investigates a new model on coronavirus-19 disease (COVID-19) with three compartments including susceptible, infected, and recovered class under Mittag-Leffler type derivative. The mentioned derivative has been introduced by Atangana, Baleanu, and Caputo abbreviated as (ABC). First of all we have proved the feasible region and boundedness of the model. Then we have established the results for the existence of such a model in the real world by using the fixed point theory of Banach and Krasnoselskii. Also we have established necessary conditions for Ulam–Hyers stability via nonlinear functional analysis. By applying the fractional-type AB method, we have simulated the results and shown that immigration has great impact on transmission dynamics of the current outbreak. Adopting precautionary measures including minimum immigration will reduce the transmission of the disease in a society.
A novel spatio-Temporal interpolation algorithm and its application to the COVID-19 pandemic	Cai,  J,  Revesz, et al		Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	This paper introduces a novel spatio-Temporal interpolation algorithm that is shown to be better than any purely temporal interpolation algorithm in predicting the COVID-19 cases in the continental United States. In particular, the novel spatio-Temporal interpolation method achieves a mean absolute error of 8.44 cases over a million people when predicting two days ahead the number of cases of the COVID-19 pandemic.
On solidarity and volunteering during the COVID-19 crisis in Denmark: the impact of social networks and social media groups on the distribution of support	Carlsen,  HB,  Toubøl, et al	European Societies	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This paper unfolds how informal civil society quickly mobilised citizen-to-citizen support when government and non-government organisations locked down during the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper reports on data drawn from a comprehensive survey on solidarity, volunteering, and support during the COVID-19 crisis conducted between 3 April and 11 May 2020 in Denmark. The survey section of Statistics Denmark (DST Survey) collected the responses from a random sample of the Danish population in the age range of 16–99 years old.  The paper focuses on two elements of the mobilisation: the role of social networks and social media groups. It reveals that the vast majority of this support was distributed through existing social networks and, therefore, not available to those lacking social connections. However, we also find that social media groups played an important role in the mobilisation, that support organised on social media does not diverge significantly in commitment or kind from support organised in other settings.
Does living in previously exposed malaria or warm areas is associated with a lower risk of severe COVID-19 infection in Italy?	Carta,  MG,  Scano, et al	Biointerface Research in Applied Chemistry	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	Incidence of Covid-19 positivity (21/2/2020-28/3/2020) in provinces of 4 Italian regions whose territory was described as previously exposed to Malaria was compared with those of other provinces of the same regions. The climate of such provinces was compared with the climate of the other provinces in some regions. Previously malarial areas show a lower risk than other provinces of the same regions.  The maximum temperature in March 2020 in those provinces was higher in mean 1.5° for other provinces. The lower frequency of COVID-19 in the provinces previously exposed to Malaria of four Italian regions does not reveal a causal link. The phenomenon has emerged independently in all the regions investigated. People born between the 1920s and 1950s were those most exposed to malaria years ago and today are the most exposed to the severest forms of COVID-19. A warmer climate seems to be associated with a lower risk of COVID, in line with the evidence highlighted in equatorial states where a lower lethality of the virus has emerged, however this regardless of the presence of Malaria.
Stress, anguish, anxiety and resilience of university teachers in the face of covid-19	Casimiro Urcos,  WH,  Casimiro Urcos, et al	Utopia y Praxis Latinoamericana	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The objective was to determine the emotional states of university teachers in the face of Covid-19. Stress showed a high level of 89.4%; anxiety, with a high level of 94.2%; anxiety with a high level of 92.3%. Regarding resilience, this was manifested at a medium-high level with 60.9% of those surveyed. In conclusion, the emotional state of most of the teachers is low and their response through their resilience is medium-high.
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic response on uptake of routine immunizations in Sindh, Pakistan: An analysis of provincial electronic immunization registry data	Chandir,  S,  Siddiqi, et al	Vaccine	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	We quantified the impact, spatial heterogeneity, and determinants for childhood immunizations of 48 million population affected in the Sindh province of Pakistan. Methods: We extracted individual immunization records from real-time provincial Electronic Immunization Registry from September 23, 2019, to July 11, 2020. Results: There was a 52.5% decline in the daily average total number of vaccinations administered during lockdown compared to baseline. The highest decline was seen for Bacille Calmette Guérin (BCG) (40.6% (958/2360) immunization at fixed sites. Around 8438 children/day were missing immunization during the lockdown. Enrollments declined furthest in rural districts, urban sub-districts with large slums, and polio-endemic super high-risk sub-districts. Pentavalent-3 (penta-3) immunization rates were higher in infants born in hospitals and those with mothers having higher education.
COVID-19 CG: Tracking SARS-CoV-2 mutations by locations and dates of interest	Chen,  Albert Tian,  Altschuler, et al	bioRxiv	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	Here, we describe case studies in which users can interrogate (1) SNVs in the SARS-CoV-2 Spike receptor binding domain (RBD) across different geographic regions to inform the design and testing of therapeutics, (2) SNVs that may impact the sensitivity of commonly used diagnostic primers, and (3) the recent emergence of a dominant lineage harboring an S477N RBD mutation in Australia. To accelerate COVID-19 research and public health efforts, COVID-19 CG will be continually upgraded with new features for users to quickly and reliably pinpoint mutations as the virus evolves throughout the pandemic and in response to therapeutic and public health interventions
32890596; The implementation of an active surveillance integrating information technology and drive-through coronavirus testing station for suspected COVID-19 cases	Chen,  HJ,  Lin, et al	Journal of Infection	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Surveillance	Chi Mei medical center is a 1284-bed tertiary care hospital which have 2 buildings and one campus. Three confirmed COVID-19 patients were hospitalized between March and May. Since 2020/02/21, the hospital implemented an active surveillance of suspected COVID-19 cases using information technology. First, all inpatients was screened using information technology system and aimed to identify the patients met the at least two of three criteria: 1) fever, defined as temperature≥ 38 °C; 2) cough, defined as use of antitussive agents; 3) pneumonia, denied as key words of pneumonia pattern in the chest x-ray report. Between March 2, 2020 and May 3, 2020, 948 cases were detected by quarantine map using information technology.
Characteristics of immune cells and cytokines in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 in Guangzhou, China	Chen,  X,  Huang, et al	Human immunology	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Immunology | Immunologie	From late February to late April 2020, COVID-19 patients who had mild/moderate or severe symptoms were recruited in the study.  We found that T cells, including CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells, were significantly decreased in severe COVID-19 symptoms but not in mild symptoms, in comparison with healthy people. T cells remained at a low level after recovery from severe COVID-19. CD4+CD25+CD127low Treg-enriched cells were significantly increased in either mild or severe COVID-19 patients, regardless of recovery or not. Moreover, in either mild or severe COVID-19 patients, Treg-enriched cells up-regulated CD25 and down-regulated CD127. After recovery, CD25 was partially down-regulated but still higher than the normal level, while CD127 returned to the normal level in mild patients but not severe patients. B cells were decreased in mild patients and further decreased in severe patients, and remained low after recovery. NK cells were decreased only in severe COVID-19, with a tendency to return to the normal level after recovery.
Numerical solution and parameter estimation for uncertain SIR model with application to COVID-19	Chen,  X,  Li, et al	Fuzzy Optimization and Decision Making	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	This model is applied to describing the development trend of COVID-19 using infected and recovered data of Hubei province. The results indicate that lockdown policy achieves almost 100% efficiency after February 13, 2020, which is consistent with the existing literatures. The high-dimensional α-path-based approach opens up new possibilities in solving high-dimensional uncertain differential equations and new applications.
ECOVNet: An Ensemble of Deep Convolutional Neural Networks Based on EfficientNet to Detect COVID-19 From Chest X-rays	Chowdhury,  Nihad Karim,  Rahman, et al	arXiv	Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	This paper proposed an ensemble of deep convolutional neural networks (CNN) based on EfficientNet, named ECOVNet, to detect COVID-19 using a large chest X-ray data set. At first, the open-access large chest X-ray collection is augmented, and then ImageNet pre-trained weights for EfficientNet is transferred with some customized fine-tuning top layers that are trained, followed by an ensemble of model snapshots to classify chest X-rays corresponding to COVID-19, normal, and pneumonia. The predictions of the model snapshots, which are created during a single training, are combined through two ensemble strategies, i.e., hard ensemble and soft ensemble to ameliorate classification performance and generalization in the related task of classifying chest X-rays.
Political and personal reactions to COVID-19 during initial weeks of social distancing in the United States	Christensen,  SR,  Pilling, et al	PLoS One	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	OBJECTIVE: To examine perceptions, behaviors, and impacts surrounding COVID-19 early in the pandemic response. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional survey of 1,030 U.S. adults was administered on March 31st, 2020. This survey examined attitudes toward media, government, and community responses to COVID-19 by political ideology and sociodemographic factors. Knowledge, anxieties, and impacts of COVID-19 were also assessed. RESULTS: Conservatives were more likely to report that COVID-19 was receiving too much media coverage and people were generally overreacting; liberals were more likely to report the government had not done enough in response to the pandemic. Females and those with lower income experienced more COVID-19 related economic anxieties. Those working and with children at home reported higher social, home, and work disruption. Social distancing behaviors were more common among liberals and were associated with increases in depressive symptoms. General knowledge about COVID-19 was widely exhibited across the sample, however, Black and Hispanic respondents were less likely to correctly answer questions about the availability of a vaccine and modes of transmission. CONCLUSIONS: Public health experts should consider the political climate in crafting messaging that appeals to the values of those across the political spectrum. Research on the COVID-19 pandemic should continue to monitor the effects of social distancing on mental health and among vulnerable populations.
32931946; Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on patients with rare disease in Hong Kong	Chung,  CC,  Wong, et al	European Journal of Medical Genetics	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study examines the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on 272 rare disease patients with 89 distinct rare diseases in Hong Kong using a cross-sectional online survey between April 10 and April 29, 2020 from the patient and caregiver perspective. The pandemic has impacted patient's health status in 46%, service use patterns in 71%, mental health in 79%, daily living in 82%, social life in 92%, and financial status in 81% of patients. Patient's health status, medical and rehabilitation, and mental health were more impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic in the group of patients with any level of dependency according to the Barthel Index for Activities of Daily Living compared with that in the group of patients who are fully independent (p < 0.0001; p < 0.0001; p = 0.0420).
Association of Social Network Use With Increased Anxiety Related to the COVID-19 Pandemic in Anesthesiology, Intensive Care, and Emergency Medicine Teams: Cross-Sectional Web-Based Survey Study	Clavier,  T,  Popoff, et al	JMIR Mhealth Uhealth	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	BACKGROUND: Critical care teams are on the front line of managing the COVID-19 pandemic, which is stressful for members of these teams. OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to assess whether the use of social networks is associated with increased anxiety related to the COVID-19 pandemic among members of critical care teams. METHODS: We distributed a web-based survey to physicians, residents, registered and auxiliary nurses, and nurse anesthetists providing critical care (anesthesiology, intensive care, or emergency medicine) in several French hospitals. The survey evaluated the respondents' use of social networks, their sources of information on COVID-19, and their levels of anxiety and information regarding COVID-19 on analog scales from 0 to 10. RESULTS: We included 641 respondents in the final analysis; 553 (86.3%) used social networks, spending a median time of 60 minutes (IQR 30-90) per day on these networks. COVID-19-related anxiety was higher in social network users than in health care workers who did not use these networks (median 6, IQR 5-8 vs median 5, IQR 3-7) in univariate (P=.02) and multivariate (P<.001) analyses, with an average anxiety increase of 10% in social network users. Anxiety was higher among health care workers using social networks to obtain information on COVID-19 than among those using other sources (median 6, IQR 5-8 vs median 6, IQR 4-7; P=.04). Social network users considered that they were less informed about COVID-19 than those who did not use social networks (median 8, IQR 7-9 vs median 7, IQR 6-8; P<.01). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that social networks contribute to increased anxiety in critical care teams. To protect their mental health, critical care professionals should consider limiting their use of these networks during the COVID-19 pandemic.
The effects of atmospheric stability with low wind speed and of air pollution on the accelerated transmission dynamics of COVID-19	Coccia,  M	International Journal of Environmental Studies	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	The goal of this study is to explain the relation among atmospheric stability/turbulence (considering wind speed), air pollution and the spread of COVID-19 to provide insights into environmental risk factors of specific regions. Results reveal that cities with high atmospheric stability, based on a low wind speed, and frequently high levels of air pollution–exceeding safe levels of ozone or particulate matter–had higher numbers of COVID-19 related infected individuals and deaths. This finding suggests that atmospheric stability, based on low wind speed, reduces the dispersion of gaseous and particulate matters (air pollution), which can act as carrier of the SARS-CoV-2 in the air to sustain the diffusion of COVID-19 in environment, generating problems of public health in society.
32871151; An index to quantify environmental risk of exposure to future epidemics of the COVID-19 and similar viral agents: Theory and practice	Coccia,  M	Environmental research	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	The main goal of this study is to propose the Index c (as contagions) that quantifies, ex-ante, the environmental risk of exposure of cities/regions to future epidemics of the COVID-19 and similar vital agents. This Index c synthetizes environmental, demographic, climatological and health risk factors of cities/regions that indicate their exposure to infectious diseases. Index c has a range from 1 (environmental and social weakness of urban areas leading to high levels of exposure to infectious diseases) to 0 (environment that reduces the risk of exposure to infectious diseases in society). The statistical evidence here, applied on case study of Italy, seems in general to support the predictive capacity of the Index c as a particularly simple but superior indicator in detecting the global correlation between potential risk of exposure of cities/regions to infectious diseases and actual risk given by infected individuals and deaths of the COVID-19.
32918985; Predicting intensive care unit admission and death for COVID-19 patients in the emergency department using early warning scores	Covino,  M,  Sandroni, et al	Resuscitation	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	Aims: To identify the most accurate early warning score (EWS) for predicting an adverse outcome in COVID-19 patients admitted to the emergency department (ED). Methods: In adult consecutive patients admitted (March 1-April 15, 2020) to the ED of a major referral centre for COVID-19, we retrospectively calculated NEWS, NEWS2, NEWS-C, MEWS, qSOFA, and REMS from physiological variables measured on arrival. Results: At 7 days, the rates of ICU admission and death were 56/334 (17%) and 26/334 (7.8%), respectively. NEWS was the most accurate predictor of ICU admission within 7 days, while REMS was the most accurate predictor of death within 7 days. Similar results were observed for ICU admission and death at 48 h. NEWS and REMS were as accurate as the triage system used in our ED. MEWS and qSOFA had the lowest overall accuracy for both outcomes.
Chest x-ray in the COVID-19 pandemic: Radiologists’ real-world reader performance	Cozzi,  A,  Schiaffino, et al	European Journal of Radiology	Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	Purpose: To report real-world diagnostic performance of chest x-ray (CXR) readings during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: In this retrospective observational study we enrolled all patients presenting to the emergency department of a Milan-based university hospital from February 24th to April 8th 2020 who underwent nasopharyngeal swab for reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and anteroposterior bedside CXR within 12 h. A composite reference standard combining RT-PCR results with phone-call-based anamnesis was obtained. Radiologists were grouped by CXR reading experience (Group-1, >10 years; Group-2, <10 years), diagnostic performance indexes were calculated for each radiologist and for the two groups. Results: Group-1 read 435 CXRs (77.0 % disease prevalence): sensitivity was 89.0 %, specificity 66.0 %, accuracy 83.7 %. Group-2 read 100 CXRs (73.0 % prevalence): sensitivity was 89.0 %, specificity 40.7 %, accuracy 76.0 %.  Conclusions: Real-world CXR diagnostic performance during the COVID-19 pandemic showed overall high sensitivity with higher specificity for more experienced radiologists.
Challenges in Teaching Organic Chemistry Remotely	Crucho,  CIC,  Avó, et al	Journal of chemical education	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	In this study, we evaluated the effect of changes in the teaching and learning of organic chemistry at a first year undergraduate level due to COVID-19. Our results show that student success depends on the digital resources used for the different subjects. Students that received weekly quizzes performed better than those who did not, and a positive correlation exists between quiz score and final exam marks. Based on the students' feedback, the implementation of quizzes was a successful didactic tool that helped them review the topics. In addition, the incorporation of open-access web-based tools led to a dynamic online classroom experience.
Whole-Genome Sequence of SARS-CoV-2 Isolate Siena-1/2020	Cusi,  MG,  Pinzauti, et al	Microbiol Resour Announc	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	The complete genome sequence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) isolate Siena-1/2020 was obtained by Nanopore sequencing, combining the direct RNA sequencing and amplicon sequencing approaches. The isolate belongs to the B1.1 lineage, which is prevalent in Europe, and contains a mutation in the spike protein coding sequence leading to the D614G amino acid change.
32938231; Patients With Lung Cancer Have High Susceptibility of COVID-19: A Retrospective Study in Wuhan, China	Dai,  MY,  Chen, et al	Cancer Control	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	Patients with lung cancer are presumed to be at high risk from COVID-19 infection due to underlying malignancy. A total of 31 COVID-19 patients with pre-diagnosed lung cancer and 186 age and sex matched COVID-19 patients without cancer in 6 hospitals in Wuhan, China were identified in our study. There was a significantly higher level of IL-6 in lung cancer group showed by multifactorial analysis. The restricted mean survival time in 10, 20, and 53 days in COVID-19 patients with lung cancer were ealier than non-cancer COVID-19 patients in the same observation time (all P values < 0.05). Our results indicated that pre-diagnosed lung cancer was associated with higher morbidity and mortality in COVID-19 patients.
Distribution of services within the call center and covid 19 – a case study	Dankiewicz,  R,  Tworzydło, et al	WSEAS Transactions on Business and Economics	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The study was carried out by means of the method of quantitative analysis of economic data. The acquired data constituted a closed set of 518 479 contacts collected as a result of reporting the work of the call center department. The purpose of the paper is to analyze the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the possibilities of acquiring new customers by the entity that sells pre-paid fuels and the prospects for its future development. The analyzes allowed showing the relationship, before and after the introduction of socio-economic restrictions, between the number of sales contacts made and their effectiveness. It was proved that lockdown caused changes in the scope of managing executive operations within the call center of the entity.
When Do Shelter-in-Place Orders Fight COVID-19 Best? Policy Heterogeneity Across States and Adoption Time	Dave,  D,  Friedson, et al	Economic inquiry	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	Shelter in place orders (SIPOs) require residents to remain home for all but essential activities. Between March 19 and April 20, 2020, 40 states and the District of Columbia adopted SIPOs. This study explores the impact of SIPOs on health, with particular attention to heterogeneity in their impacts. First, using daily state-level social distancing data from SafeGraph and a difference-in-differences approach, we document that adoption of a SIPO was associated with a 9 to 10 percent increase in the rate at which state residents remained in their homes full-time. Then, using daily state-level coronavirus case data collected by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, we find that approximately three weeks following the adoption of a SIPO, cumulative COVID-19 cases fell by approximately 53.5 percent. Event-study analyses confirm common COVID-19 case trends in the week prior to SIPO adoption and show that SIPO-induced case reductions grew larger over time.
Pneumocystis Jirevocii and SARS-CoV-2 co-infection: A common feature in transplant recipients?	De Francesco,  MA,  Alberici, et al	Vaccines	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Here we describe, for the first time in Europe, a fatal case of co-infection between SARS-CoV-2 and Pneumocystis jirevocii in a kidney transplant recipient.
Offer and use of oral health in primary care before and after the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil	de Lucena,  EHG,  Freire, et al	Pesquisa Brasileira em Odontopediatria e Clinica Integrada	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	The objective of this study was to compare the offer and use of oral health services in primary care, before and after the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. Although an expansion of OHT and OHC between 2019 and 2020 was verified, the offer and use of oral health services in primary care has decreased due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
32921702; Development, validation and reliability of a questionnaire to evaluate changes on the level of physical exercises and psychological impact due to COVID-19 pandemic social distancing	de Sá-Caputo,  DDC,  Sonza, et al	Acta Biomedica	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The aim of this study was to develop, validate and perform the reliability of the questionnaire “Physical exercise (PE) level before and during social isolation (PEF-COVID19)” to evaluate the level of PE during the social distancing due to the COVID-19 pandemic and to try to identify changes in the daily life of the individuals. This survey was considered valid and reliable to be applied to the general population over 18 years-old to investigate the PE practice and psychological aspects during the social distancing due to the COVID-19 pandemic, a public health problem. (www.actabiomedica.it).
Characteristics and Maternal and Birth Outcomes of Hospitalized Pregnant Women with Laboratory-Confirmed COVID-19 - COVID-NET, 13 States, March 1-August 22, 2020	Delahoy,  MJ,  Whitaker, et al	MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	Authors discuss whether pregnant women might be at increased risk for COVID-19.  Identifying COVID-19 in women during birth hospitalizations is important to guide preventive measures to protect pregnant women, parents, newborns, other patients, and hospital personnel. Pregnant women and health care providers should be made aware of the potential risks for severe COVID-19 illness, adverse pregnancy outcomes, and ways to prevent infection.
SARS-CoV-2 transmission and outcome in neuro-rehabilitation patients hospitalized at neuroscience hospital in Italy	Di Gennaro,  F,  Marotta, et al	Mediterranean Journal of Hematology and Infectious Diseases	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	We retrospectively analyzed a group of 14 patients affected by severe neurological damage previously admitted to the Neurorehabilitation Unit of Neuromed Research Institute in Pozzilli, Italy, who developed confirmed COVID-19 during a SARS-CoV-2 outbreak occurred on March, 2020. One out of 14 patients (7%) died after developing a severe acute respiratory distress. The remaining patients did not present any symptom or laboratory or radiological signs of the disease; neither new neurological deficit nor worsening of the pre-existing clinical manifestations were observed. Thirtheen patients had underlying comorbitidies (93%), the most frequent being hypertension (11 patients, 78.5%) and diabetes mellitus type II (7 patients, 50%). Long before infection, all patients were already under anticoagulant therapy with enoxaparin.
Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and psychological distress symptoms in patients with affective disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic	Di Nicola,  M,  Dattoli, et al	Psychoneuroendocrinology	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study aims to investigate the psychological distress perceived by a cohort of patients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) or Bipolar Disorder (BD) after a seven-week period of lockdown measures, and to analyze serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D 25(OH)D] levels as a potential predictor of distress severity. Low serum 25(OH)D levels and MDD diagnosis predicted an increased vulnerability to the stressful impact of the COVID-19 outbreak.
Pandemic, social distancing, and social work education: students’ satisfaction with online education in Vietnam	Dinh,  LP,  Nguyen, et al	Social Work Education	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study aims to assess the level of immediate satisfaction of Vietnamese social work students with online courses during the COVID-19 pandemic.   Students’ level of satisfaction with face-to-face teaching was significantly higher than that of online teaching on all criteria.
Practical considerations for performing brachial plexus blocks in suspected COVID-19 patients	Diwan,  S,  Nair, et al	Journal of Anaesthesiology Clinical Pharmacology	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	In this letter to the editor authors describe their experience of US-guided BBB via various approaches in 22 suspected COVID19 patients who sustained upper limb fractures. Details of demographic profile and types of block are discussed. Poor ergonomics might increase the time of block performance but it is suggested to identify structures of importance and administer appropriate quantity of LA so that a successful block is achieved. In case of a patchy block, rescue blocks could be administered so as to avoid a GA in a suspected or a COVID19 positive patient.
Internet Addiction and Related Psychological Factors Among Children and Adolescents in China During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Epidemic	Dong,  H,  Yang, et al	Frontiers in Psychiatry	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study aims to assess Internet use characteristics and objectively examine the potential psychological factors associated with Internet addiction (IA) during the COVID-19 epidemic. Age, gender, depression, and stress were the potential key factors affecting IA. Extended family and professional support should be considered for vulnerable individuals during these unprecedented times.
Learning principles of evolution during a crisis: An exploratory analysis of student barriers one week and one month into the COVID-19 pandemic	Driessen,  E,  Beatty, et al	Ecology and Evolution	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The goal of this research was to document how this response impacted undergraduate students studying the principles of evolution in an introductory organismal biology class over time; specifically, how their study habits for exams differed (a) one week and (b) one month after a university's decision to transition to emergency remote instruction.
Novice teachers in a changing reality	Dvir,  N,  Schatz-Oppenheimer, et al	European Journal of Teacher Education	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The aims of this paper are to explore novice teachers’ experiences in the Covid-19 crisis, and to examine their professional identity construction process. The findings show the challenges and opportunities related to three central categories: technological, pedagogical and educational system in the novice teachers’ experiences.
Current national policies for infant universal bacille calmetteguérin vaccination were associated with lower mortality from coronavirus disease 2019	Ebina-Shibuya,  R,  Horita, et al	Clinical and Experimental Vaccine Research	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	An exciting debate has emerged whether bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination is effective for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Some advocated that BCGvaccinated people are less suffered from the virus because BCG vaccination is recommendedin COVID-19 high burden countries. However, the others objected because this seemingly attractive relationship is explainable with confounding factors. In a multiple regression with 171 countries adjusting socioeconomical and climatic covariates, countries with current universal pediatric BCG policy were associated with 30-fold (95% confidence interval, 17–52) decrease of COVID-19 mortality per population compared to countries without the policy. © Korean Vaccine Society.
Acute grief after deaths due to COVID-19, natural causes and unnatural causes: An empirical comparison	Eisma,  MC,  Tamminga, et al	Journal of affective disorders	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	In this study, authors compared grief levels among people recently bereaved due to COVID-19, natural, and unnatural causes. COVID-19 bereavement yielded higher symptom levels of prolonged grief disorder (PGD)  and persistent complex bereavement disorder (PCBD) than natural bereavement (but not unnatural bereavement).
Mental health of frontline healthcare workers exposed to COVID-19 in Egypt: A call for action	Elkholy,  H,  Tawfik, et al	Int J Soc Psychiatry	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	The aim of this study was to evaluate mental health outcomes among Egyptian healthcare workers (HCW) treating patients with confirmed or suspected COVID-19 to direct the promotion of mental wellbeing, by screening for symptoms of anxiety, insomnia, depression and stress, and analyzing potential risk factors. Ensuring proper mental health support for HCW is an important component of public health measures for addressing the COVID-19 epidemic and safeguarding the continuity of appropriate medical service.
32893177; Refractory celiac disease and COVID-19 outbreak: Findings from a high incidence scenario in Northern Italy	Elli,  L,  Scaramella, et al	Clinics and Research in Hepatology and Gastroenterology	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Authors aimed to verify the presence of Covid-19 and/or SARS-CoV-2 infection in an Italian cohort of patients with Refractory Celiac Disease (RCD). Despite of the severe clinical picture and fragility of patients with RCD type I and II, none of them developed Covid-19 in spite the high incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the Milano area.
Return to training in the COVID-19 era: The physiological effects of face masks during exercise	Epstein,  D,  Korytny, et al	Scand J Med Sci Sports	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI)	This study aimed to assess the physiological effects of wearing surgical masks and N95 respirators during short term strenuous workout. In healthy subjects, short term moderate-strenuous aerobic physical activity with a mask is feasible, safe, and associated with only minor changes in physiological parameters, particularly a mild increase in EtCO(2) .
Misbehaving in the Corona crisis: The role of anxiety and unfounded beliefs	Erceg,  N,  Ružojčić, et al	Current Psychology	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The aim of this study was to explore psychological determinants of COVID-19 responsible behavior.  The relationship of trait anxiety and thinking dispositions with the criterion was mediated through the worry about COVID-19 and unfounded beliefs about COVID-19, respectively.
Mental health and sleep disturbances in physically active adults during the COVID-19 lockdown in Norway: does change in physical activity level matter?	Ernstsen,  L,  Havnen, et al	Sleep medicine	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The aim of this study was to assess mental health and sleep disturbances among physically active adults during the Norwegian lockdown caused by COVID-19, and to investigate if change in physical activity (PA) level during the lockdown moderates the association between mental health and sleep disturbances. Anxiety and depressive symptoms were associated with sleep disturbances, but change in PA level during the COVID-19 lockdown did not influence the association between mental health and sleep disturbances.
An investigation into the molecular basis of cancer comorbidities in coronavirus infection	Facchiano,  A,  Facchiano, et al	FEBS Open Bio	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	In this study the expression of 5 genes, known to encode coronavirus receptors/interactors, was investigated in normal and cancer tissues, and their molecular relationships with clinical comorbidities were investigated.  The five coronavirus receptors are related to all main COVID-19 comorbidities and three show significantly different expression in cancer vs control tissues.
Redeployment of the trainee orthopaedic surgeon during COVID-19: a fish out of water?	Faria,  G,  Tadros, et al	Acta Orthop	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	In this retrospective study, authors asked orthopaedic trainees in the KSS (Kent, Surrey, Sussex) and London Deaneries to complete a survey regarding their experience in redeployment during the COVID-19 outbreak. Orthopaedic training appears to have taken a temporary back seat at this time but trainees have made a significant contribution to reinforcing key front-line specialties in the fight against COVID-19.
Coronavirus disease-2019 infection in neonates of an infected pregnant mother with triplets	Farsi,  Z,  Taheriderakhsh, et al	Iranian Journal of Neonatology	Transmission Clinical data| Données cliniques	This study presents a COVID-19-infected woman pregnant with triplets that underwent urgent cesarean section in a tertiary center of gynecology and neonatology.  Authors explain and discuss the probable COVID-19 infection in another two offsprings, elaborate on the mother's risk factors predisposing her to get involved with COVID-19 infection, and recommend some suggestions to avoid such complications.
Social distancing as altruism in the context of the coronavirus pandemic: A cross-cultural study	Fedenok,  JN,  Burkova, et al	Siberian Historical Research	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	In this article we consider social distance as an act of altruism toward fellow citizens. Data show that individual behaviour in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic is influenced by factors such as country of residence, sex, level of stress, trust in authorities, awareness of the prescribed rules of behaviour, cultural norms, and traditions.
Factors explaining social resilience against COVID-19: the case of Spain	Fernández-Prados,  JS,  Lozano-Díaz, et al	European Societies	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This paper analyses factors that help bolster resilience, which include confidence in the political leader and in the perception or rating of the measures adopted. The conclusion highlights the importance of political communication, both of leadership and of political measures, in fostering social resilience.
High prevalence of acquired thrombophilia without prognosis value in Covid-19 patients	Ferrari,  E,  Sartre, et al	J Am Heart Assoc	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Authors investigate for the presence of acquired thrombophilia, which could participate in this phenomenon and report their prevalence. They assess a high prevalence of positive tests detecting thrombophilia in Covid-19 infections.
Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the obstetric population before the hospital admission	Franchi,  M,  Bosco, et al	Science of the Total Environment	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	Abstract not available. Full text not available as open access.
Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors Play an Antiviral Action in Patients Affected by Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: A Possible Model Supporting Their Use in the Fight Against SARS-CoV-2	Galimberti,  S,  Petrini, et al	Frontiers in Oncology	Therapeutics| Thérapeutique Immunology | Immunologie	SARS-CoV-2 is the viral agent responsible for the pandemic that in the first months of 2020 caused about 400,000 deaths. Among compounds proposed to fight the SARS-CoV-2-related disease (COVID-19), tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), already effective in Philadelphia-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph+ ALL) and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), have been proposed on the basis of their antiviral action already demonstrated against SARS-CoV-1. Very few cases of COVID-19 have been reported in Ph+ ALL and in CML Italian cohorts; authors suggested that this low rate of infections might depend on the use of TKIs, but the biological causes of this phenomenon remain unknown. In this study, the CML model was used to test if TKIs would sustain or not the viral replication and if they could damage patient immunity. Firstly, the infection and replication rate of torquetenovirus (TTV), whose load is inversely proportional to the host immunological control, have been measured in CML patients receiving nilotinib. A very low percentage of subjects were infected at baseline, and TTV did not replicate or at least showed a low replication rate during the follow-up, with a mean load comparable to the measured one in healthy subjects. Then, after gene expression profiling experiments, we found that several “antiviral” genes, such as CD28 and IFN gamma, were upregulated, while genes with “proviral” action, such as ARG-1, CEACAM1, and FUT4, were less expressed during treatment with imatinib, thus demonstrating that TKIs are not detrimental from the immunological point of view. To sum up, our data could offer some biological explanations to the low COVID-19 occurrence in Ph+ ALL and CML patients and sustain the use of TKIs in COVID-19, as already proposed by several international ongoing studies. © Copyright © 2020 Galimberti, Petrini, Baratè, Ricci, Balducci, Grassi, Guerrini, Ciabatti, Mechelli, Di Paolo, Baldini, Baglietto, Macera, Spezia and Maggi.
An ayurvedic perspective along with in silico study of the drugs for the management of SARS-CoV-2	Gandhi,  AJ,  Rupareliya, et al	Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine	Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	The objective of this study is to look over the disease through Ayurvedic perspective, analyse possible pathologies, select appropriate drugs and to study in-silico screening on these selected drugs. Materials & Methods: Available symptoms of COVID-19 were thoroughly studied and reviewed through Ayurveda classics, internet, preprints, etc. to understand the nature of the disease with the Ayurvedic perspective. The molecular Docking and Grid were generated through Pyrx Software with Autodock. The Lipinski Rule of Five data generated from Swiss ADME software and Target prediction of selected phytoconstituents were done by Swiss target prediction.  From the results, authors conclude that Nagaradi Kashaya (Sunthi, Puskarmoola, Kantakari, Guduchi) may have appreciable results in combating SARS-CoV-2. Thus, Nagaradi Kashayam, a classical formulation can be a trial candidate for conducting further clinical trial.
Clinical and immunologic features among COVID-19–affected mother–infant pairs: antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 detected in breast milk	Gao,  X,  Wang, et al	New Microbes and New Infections	Transmission Clinical data| Données cliniques Immunology | Immunologie	We assessed clinical and immunologic features of and breastfeeding advice provided to mother–infant pairs. Fourteen pregnant patients had live births and recovered well; four patients continued breastfeeding while taking precautions. No neonatal infections were observed. No infants developed COVID-19 during breastfeeding. Common maternal symptoms were fever (11/14, 78.1%) and cough (6/14, 42.9%). A pregnancy-specific symptom was abnormal foetal movement, which was noticed by three patients (21.4%). The mean virus shedding time was 9 days (standard deviation, 6 days; range, 1–22 days). The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) genome was not detected in breast milk or maternal vaginal secretions. Immunologic assay revealed seroconversion of IgM on day 8 after onset and IgG on day 28. Both IgM and IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 were detected in breast milk, cord blood and neonatal serum. The study results suggest that passive acquisition of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 is available by ingesting breast milk. Breastfeeding has a low risk of transmitting SARS-CoV-2 or escalating maternal disease, so continuing breastfeeding with prudent precautions is encouraged.
Neurological symptoms as initial manifestation of Covid-19-An observational study	Garg,  R,  Jain, et al	Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Background: Respiratory system involvement and fever are considered as a cardinal manifestation of Covid-19 infection for the screening of case detection. We (India) are into the fourth month of Covid-19 and cases are still rising, this could mean that fever and respiratory symptoms may not be the only initial symptoms. Therefore, we intend to investigate whether neurological symptoms can precede the cardinal symptoms. Methods: Totally, 391 Covid-19 RTPCR positive hospitalized patients were enrolled. All included subjects were presented with a questionnaire pertaining to systemic symptoms. For analysis of the chronology of symptoms, the study population was sub-grouped according to onset of their systemic involvement e.g., (1) Fever (2) Respiratory symptoms (3) Neurological symptoms (4) Gastrointestinal symptoms. Results: New-onset neurological symptoms were found in 106 (27.1%) out of 391 patients irrespective of their chronology to the onset of other symptoms. Of these 106 patients, altered taste (33.1%), altered smell (24.5%), and headache (22.6%) were the most common neurological symptoms. However, 38 (9.7%) subjects recognized neurological symptoms, as the initial manifestation of their illness. Mean duration of neurological symptoms before the onset of respiratory symptoms or fever was 2 ± 1.57 days. Conclusion: New-onset headache, altered taste, and smell were the most common neurological symptoms. In the context of the current pandemic, a high index of suspicion should be kept in patients presenting with these symptoms even in the absence of fever and respiratory symptoms. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study from India comparing chronology of neurological symptoms with cardinal symptoms. © 2020 Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications. All rights reserved.
32853602; Post-discharge persistent symptoms and health-related quality of life after hospitalization for COVID-19	Garrigues,  E,  Janvier, et al	Journal of Infection	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	Objective: To assess post-discharge persistent symptoms and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of patients hospitalized in a COVID-19 ward unit more than 100 days after their admission. Methods: All eligible patients were contacted by phone by trained physicians and were asked to answer to a dedicated questionnaire. Patients managed in hospital ward without needing intensive care were compared with those who were transferred in intensive care units (ICU). Results: We included 120 patients after a mean (±SD) of 110.9 (±11.1) days following admission. The most frequently reported persistent symptoms were fatigue (55%), dyspnoea (42%), loss of memory (34%), concentration and sleep disorders (28% and 30.8%, respectively). Comparisons between ward- and ICU patients led to no statistically significant differences regarding those symptoms. In both group, EQ-5D (mobility, self-care, pain, anxiety or depression, usual activity) was altered with a slight difference in pain in the ICU group. Conclusion: Most patients requiring hospitalization for COVID-19 still have persistent symptoms. While there were few differences between HRQoL between ward and ICU patients, our findings must be confirmed in larger cohorts, including more severe patients. © 2020
Characterization of dental surgeons of pernambuco state in the covid-19 pandemic context: Preliminary data	Gaspar,  GDS,  Figueiredo, et al	Pesquisa Brasileira em Odontopediatria e Clinica Integrada	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This article presents preliminary results of a study that surveyed 363 dental surgeons in Pernambuco, Brazil on gender, age, time since graduation, marital status, family income and field of work, and health status (vaccination schedule, presence of comorbidities, biosafety knowledge and testing for COVID-19).
Arrhythmic safety of hydroxychloroquine in COVID-19 patients from different clinical settings	Gasperetti,  A,  Biffi, et al	Europace	Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	AIMS: The aim of the study was to describe ECG modifications and arrhythmic events in COVID-19 patients undergoing hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) therapy in different clinical settings. METHODS AND RESULTS: COVID-19 patients at seven institutions receiving HCQ therapy from whom a baseline and at least one ECG at 48+ h were available were enrolled in the study. QT/QTc prolongation, QT-associated and QT-independent arrhythmic events, arrhythmic mortality, and overall mortality during HCQ therapy were assessed. A total of 649 COVID-19 patients (61.9 ± 18.7 years, 46.1% males) were enrolled. HCQ therapy was administrated as a home therapy regimen in 126 (19.4%) patients, and as an in-hospital-treatment to 495 (76.3%) hospitalized and 28 (4.3%) intensive care unit (ICU) patients. At 36-72 and at 96+ h after the first HCQ dose, 358 and 404 ECGs were obtained, respectively. A significant QT/QTc interval prolongation was observed (P < 0.001), but the magnitude of the increase was modest +13 (9-16) ms]. Baseline QT/QTc length and presence of fever (P = 0.001) at admission represented the most important determinants of QT/QTc prolongation. No arrhythmic-related deaths were reported. The overall major ventricular arrhythmia rate was low (1.1%), with all events found not to be related to QT or HCQ therapy at a centralized event evaluation. No differences in QT/QTc prolongation and QT-related arrhythmias were observed across different clinical settings, with non-QT-related arrhythmias being more common in the intensive care setting. CONCLUSION: HCQ administration is safe for a short-term treatment for patients with COVID-19 infection regardless of the clinical setting of delivery, causing only modest QTc prolongation and no directly attributable arrhythmic deaths.
Inter-state transmission potential and vulnerability of COVID-19 in India	Ghosh,  K,  Sengupta, et al	Progress in Disaster Science	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Transmission	Since the first case of COVID-19 traced in India on 30th January, 2020, the total no. of confirmed cases is amplified. To assess the inter-state diversity in spreading potentiality of COVID-19, the exposure, readiness and resilience capability have been studied. On the basis of the extracted data, the outbreak scenario, growth rate, testing amenities have been analysed. The study reflects that there is an enormous disparity in growth rate and total COVID-19 cases. The major outbreak clusters associated with major cities of India. COVID-19 cases are very swiftly amplifying with exponential growth in every four to seven days in main affected states during first phase of lockdown. The result shows the vibrant disproportion in the aspects of, hospital bed ratio, coronavirus case-hospital bed ratio, provision of isolation and ventilators, test ratio, distribution of testing laboratories and accessibility of test centres all over India. The study indicates the sharp inequality in transmission potentiality and resilience capacity of different states. Every state and union territory are not well-prepared to contain the spreading of COVID-19. The strict protective measures and uniform resilience system must be implemented in every corner of India to battle against the menace of COVID-19. © 2020
Clinical dilemma of DKA and Covid-19 infection: A case report	Gianniosis,  M,  Zhang, et al	IDCases	Clinical data| Données cliniques	A 52-year-old man with no significant past medical history was found to have diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in the setting of COVID-19 infection. He presented with hyperglycemia and an anion gap metabolic acidosis, but without a clear infectious precipitant. Inflammatory markers were subsequently checked, and found to be significantly elevated, raising the suspicion for COVID-19 as a possible etiology despite the lack of typical symptoms - a rapid COVID-19 PCR test checked afterwards was found to be positive. The patient's hospital course was uncomplicated, but the case highlights the possibility of COVID-19 serving as an infectious precipitant for DKA, even when a patient is otherwise asymptomatic in terms of having COVID-19. © 2020
Predictors of State-Level Stay-at-Home Orders in the United States and Their Association With Mobility of Residents	Gigliotti,  P,  Martin, et al	J Public Health Manag Pract	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	OBJECTIVE: To evaluate predictors of stay-at-home order adoption among US states, as well as associations between order enactment and residents' mobility. DESIGN: We assess associations between state characteristics and adoption timing. We also assess associations between enactment and aggregate state-level measures of residents' mobility (Google COVID-19 Community Mobility Reports). SETTING: The United States. PARTICIPANTS: Adoption population: 50 US states and District of Columbia. Mobility population: state residents using devices with GPS tracking accessible by Google. INTERVENTION AND EXPOSURES: State characteristics: COVID-19 diagnoses per capita, 2016 Trump vote share, Republican governor, Medicaid expansion status, hospital beds per capita, public health funding per capita, state and local tax revenue per capita, median household income, population, percent residents 65 years or older, and percent urban residents. Mobility exposure: indicator of order enactment by March 29, 2020 (date of mobility data collection). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Order adoption timing: days since adoption of first order. Mobility: changes in mobility to 6 locations from February 6 to March 29, 2020. RESULTS: In bivariate models, order adoption was associated with COVID-19 diagnoses (hazard ratio HR] = 1.01; 95% confidence interval CI], 1.00 to 1.01), Republican governor (HR = 0.24; 95% CI, 0.13 to 0.44), Medicaid expansion (HR = 2.50; 95% CI, 1.40 to 4.48), and hospital capacity (HR = 0.43; 95% CI, 0.26 to 0.70), consistent with findings in the multivariate models. Order enactment was positively associated with time at home (beta (B) = 1.31; 95% CI, 0.35 to 2.28) and negatively associated with time at retail and recreation (B = -7.17; 95% CI, -10.89 to -3.46) and grocery and pharmacy (B = -8.28; 95% CI, -11.97 to -4.59) locations. Trump vote share was associated with increased mobility for 4 of 6 mobility measures. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: While politics influenced order adoption, public health considerations were equally influential. While orders were associated with decreased mobility, political ideology was associated with increased mobility under social distancing policies.
Identifying #addiction concerns on twitter during the COVID-19 pandemic: A text mining analysis	Glowacki,  EM,  Wilcox, et al	Subst Abus	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The goal of this study was to identify how the public was discussing addiction on Twitter during the COVID pandemic. Methods: We performed a text mining analysis to analyze tweets that contained "addiction" and "covid" to capture posts from the public that illustrated comments and concerns about addiction during the COVID-19 pandemic. We report on 3,301 tweets captured between January 31 and April 23, 2020. The study was conducted in the United States, but contained tweets from multiple countries. Results: The most prevalent topics had to do with services offered by Acadia Healthcare and Serenity Healthcare Centers, attempts to manage time while home, difficulties of coping with alcoholism amidst rising sales of alcohol, and attention to ongoing health crises (e.g.,., opioids, vaping).
Viral shedding in tears of COVID-19 cases presenting as conjunctivitis	Goel,  R,  Arora, et al	Indian J Ophthalmol	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Case report of two COVID-19 positive individuals presenting  with conjunctivitis, without systemic symptoms. RT-PCR  of conjunctival specimen was positive for SARS-CoV-2 in one of the two cases.
The impacts of the covid-19 outbreak on emergency department visits of surgical patients	Göksoy,  B,  Akça, et al	Ulusal Travma ve Acil Cerrahi Dergisi	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This study aims to evaluate the effects of the pandemic on emergency department visits of surgical patients. The hospital database records of general surgery patients who presented at the emergency department in the period of March 2020-May 2020 (pandemic period) and March 2019–May 2019 (non-pandemic period) were retrospectively analyzed and compared. The primary outcome of this study was the emergency department visit rate of patients requiring a general surgery consul-tation. Secondary outcomes of this study were patient complaints, diagnosis and treatments, treatment rejection rate, triage category data, the effects of age and gender, and the hospitalization rate.
A bioinformatics study of structural perturbation of 3CL-protease and the HR2-domain of SARS-CoV-2 induced by synergistic interaction with ivermectins	González-Paz,  LA,  Lossada, et al	Biointerface Research in Applied Chemistry	Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	This article presents an exhaustive computational biophysics study to discriminate the best docking of ivermectins to viral proteins and, subsequently, to analyze possible structural alterations with molecular dynamics. The results suggested that ivermectins are capable of docking to the superficial and internal pocket of the 3CL-protease and the HR2-domain, inducing unfolding/folding that change the native conformation in these proteins. The results suggest a possible synergistic inhibitory action against SARS-COV-2 owing to each role of ivermectins when favorably binding to these viral proteins.
32931666; Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for COVID-19 patients with respiratory distress: treated cases versus propensity-matched controls	Gorenstein,  SA,  Castellano, et al	Undersea & hyperbaric medicine : journal of the Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society, Inc	Clinical data| Données cliniques Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	Objective: Given the high mortality and prolonged duration of mechanical ventilation of COVID-19 patients, we evaluated the safety and efficacy of hyperbaric oxygen for COVID-19 patients with respiratory distress. Methods: This is a single-center clinical trial of COVID-19 patients at NYU Winthrop Hospital from March 31 to April 28, 2020. Patients in this trial received hyperbaric oxygen therapy at 2.0 atmospheres of pressure in monoplace hyperbaric chambers for 90 minutes daily for a maximum of five total treatments. Controls were identified using propensity score matching among COVID-19 patients admitted during the same time period. Using competing-risks survival regression, we analyzed our primary outcome of inpatient mortality and secondary outcome of mechanical ventilation. Results: We treated 20 COVID-19 patients with hyperbaric oxygen. Ages ranged from 30 to 79 years with an oxygen requirement ranging from 2 to 15 liters on hospital days 0 to 14. Of these 20 patients, two (10%) were intubated and died, and none remain hospitalized. Among 60 propensity-matched controls based on age, sex, body mass index, coronary artery disease, troponin, D-dimer, hospital day, and oxygen requirement, 18 (30%) were intubated, 13 (22%) have died, and three (5%) remain hospitalized (with one still requiring mechanical ventilation). Assuming no further deaths among controls, we estimate that the adjusted subdistribution hazard ratios were 0.37 for inpatient mortality (p=0.14) and 0.26 for mechanical ventilation (p=0.046). Conclusion: Though limited by its study design, our results demonstrate the safety of hyperbaric oxygen among COVID-19 patients and strongly suggests the need for a well-designed, multicenter randomized control trial. Copyright© Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society.
32871179; Viral transmission in asymptomatic cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection	Grall,  I,  Alloui, et al	Journal of Infection	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Transmission	This study aimed to evaluate the daily viral spreading and environmental contamination around patients infected by SARS-CoV-2 and without any respiratory symptoms.
Loneliness in the UK during the COVID-19 pandemic: Cross-sectional results from the COVID-19 Psychological Wellbeing Study	Groarke,  JM,  Berry, et al	PLoS One	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The study employed a cross-sectional online survey design. Baseline data collected between March 23rd and April 24th 2020 from UK adults in the COVID-19 Psychological Wellbeing Study were analysed (N = 1964, 18-87 years, M = 37.11, SD = 12.86, 70% female). Rates of loneliness during the initial phase of lockdown were high. Risk factors were not specific to the COVID-19 crisis. Findings suggest that supportive interventions to reduce loneliness should prioritise younger people and those with mental health symptoms. Improving emotion regulation and sleep quality, and increasing social support may be optimal initial targets to reduce the impact of COVID-19 regulations on mental health outcomes.
Chronic subclinical spondylotic myelopathy exacerbated by COVID-19: A case report	Guadarrama-Ortiz,  P,  Choreño-Parra, et al	Interdisciplinary Neurosurgery: Advanced Techniques and Case Management	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Here, we describe the case of a 73-year-old man with a subclinical cervical multifocal spondylotic myelopathy that manifested neurological symptoms of spinal cord injury only some days after getting infected with SARS-CoV-2. The patient did not show any data associated with respiratory involvement and improved clinically after decompressive spinal surgery and administration of steroids. Conclusions: This is the first reported case of an acute exacerbation of a chronic degenerative condition of the spine caused by COVID-19.
32935808; Effect of COVID-19 on platelet count and its indices	Güçlü,  E,  Kocayiğit, et al	Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira (1992)	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	BACKGROUND: Easily accessible, inexpensive, and widely used laboratory tests that demonstrate the severity of COVID-19 are important. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between mortality in COVID-19 and platelet count, Mean Platelet Volume (MPV), and platelet distribution width. METHODS: In total, 215 COVID-19 patients were included in this study. The patients were divided into two groups. Patients with room air oxygen saturation < 90% were considered as severe COVID-19, and patients with ≥90% were considered moderate COVID-19. Patient medical records and the electronic patient data monitoring system were examined retrospectively. Analyses were performed using the SPSS statistical software. A p-value <0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: The patients' mean age was 64,32 ± 16,07 years. According to oxygen saturation, 81 patients had moderate and 134 had severe COVID-19. Our findings revealed that oxygen saturation at admission and the MPV difference between the first and third days of hospitalization were significant parameters in COVID-19 patients for predicting mortality. While mortality was 8.4 times higher in patients who had oxygen saturation under 90 % at hospital admission, 1 unit increase in MPV increased mortality 1.76 times. CONCLUSION: In addition to the lung capacity of patients, the mean platelet volume may be used as an auxiliary test in predicting the mortality in COVID-19 patients.
32935807; Comparison of saliva and oro-nasopharyngeal swab sample in the molecular diagnosis of COVID-19	Güçlü,  E,  Koroglu, et al	Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira (1992)	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	BACKGROUND: Healthcare personnel are at risk of becoming infected while taking upper and/or lower respiratory tract specimens. Therefore, there is a need for sampling methods that do not risk infecting them. In this study, we aimed to compare the saliva and Oro-Nasopharyngeal Swab (ONS) sampling methods. METHODS: Patients were divided into three groups. Group 1 included patients whose diagnosis of COVID-19 was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Group 2 included patients with COVID-19 compatible findings in lung computed tomography (CT), but with a negative PCR. Group 3 included patients who presented to the emergency department with COVID-19 compatible complaints but had normal CT. Saliva and ONS samples were taken on the third day of hospitalization in groups 1 and 2, whereas in group 3, they were taken at the time of admission to the hospital. RESULTS: A total of 64 patients were included in the study. The average age was 51.04 ± 17.9 years, and 37 (57.8%) were male. SARS-CoV-2 was detected in 27 (42.2%) patients' saliva samples. While the sensitivity and positive predictive value of saliva samples were 85.2%, specificity and negative predictive value were 89.2%. The value of kappa was in substantial agreement (0.744), and it was found statistically significant (<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Saliva samples can be used instead of ONS samples in detecting SARS-CoV-2. Investigating SARS-CoV-2 with saliva is cheaper, easier for the patient and overall, and, most importantly, it poses much less risk of SARS-CoV-2 contamination to healthcare personnel.
COVID-19 lockdown and penalty of joblessness on income and remittances: A study of inter-state migrant labourers from Assam, India	Guha,  P,  Islam, et al	Journal of Public Affairs	Economics | Économie	Present study made an attempt to examine the penalty of joblessness following coronavirus induced lockdown on income and remittances of inter-state migrant labourers from Assam. The primary data for the study were collected through telephonic-based survey of 451 labourers during May–June 2020. The results of this study showed that, on an average, labourers in the study area remained jobless for nearly 2 months and incurred income loss of INR 28,955 thereby failed to send remittances towards their families by an amount of INR 12,215 during the reference period. As per the analysis of covariance the income loss and remittances unsent amount was higher amongst the elderly labourers engaged in professions which remained non-operational during lockdown period. Further, the additional days of joblessness increased their hardship in terms of income and remittances. With coronavirus being more than a health crisis, in short term it is necessary to minimise the loss of life, forwarding social and financial security for the families of migrant labourers and vulnerable sections for extended period of crisis, strategies for supporting agriculture and allied activities, promotion of small and medium-size enterprises, imparting skill training for the unemployed and reverse migrant labourers, financial assistance for self-employment may be helpful. Suitable coordination of monetary and fiscal policy would be helpful for reducing the unemployment heading from the recessionary trend of the economy in the long run. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd
Full-length genome characterization and phylogenetic analysis of SARS-CoV-2 virus strains from Indonesia	Gunadi,  Wibawa,  Hendra, et al	Research Square prepub	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	Our study aims were 1) to report full-length genome sequences of SARS-CoV-2 collected from four COVID-19 patients in the Special Region of Yogyakarta and Central Java provinces, Indonesia; 2) to compare the clade distribution of full-length genome sequences from Indonesia (n=60) from March to September 2020; and 3) to perform phylogenetic analysis of SARS-CoV-2 complete genomes from different countries, including Indonesia. All patients were hospitalized with various severities of COVID-19. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that one and three virus samples belong to clade L and GH. These three clade GH virus samples (EPI_ISL_525492, 516800 and 516829) were not only located in a cluster with SARS-CoV-2 genomes from Asia but also those from Europe, whereas the clade L virus sample (EPI_ISL_516806) was located amongst SARS-CoV-2 genomes from Asia. Using full-length sequences available in the GISAID EpiCoV Database, 39 of 60 SARS-CoV-2 (65%) from Indonesia harbor the D614G mutation.
The digitalization and public crisis responses of small and medium enterprises: Implications from a COVID-19 survey	Guo,  H,  Yang, et al	Frontiers of Business Research in China	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The COVID-19 outbreak is a global crisis that has placed small and medium enterprises (SMEs) under huge pressure to survive, requiring them to respond effectively to the crisis. SMEs have adopted various digital technologies to cope with this crisis. Using a data set from a survey with 518 Chinese SMEs, the study examines the relationship between SMEs’ digitalization and their public crisis responses. The empirical results show that digitalization has enabled SMEs to respond effectively to the public crisis by making use of their dynamic capabilities. In addition, digitalization can help improve SMEs’ performance. We propose a theoretical framework of digitalization and crisis responses for SMEs and present three avenues for future research. © 2020, The Author(s).
Preparedness to combat COVID-19 via structured online training program regarding specific airway management: A prospective observational study	Gupta,  B,  Jain, et al	Indian Journal of Anaesthesia	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	We designed a standardised online, interdisciplinary, interactive airway training course to increase the ability of critical and noncritical care health professionals in airway management of critically ill patients of COVID-19.  The post-session OSCE-based assessment also showed statistically significant improvement (mean score of 8.2 ± 0.6 v/s 5.1 ± 0.4). Most participants were able to answer basic questions related to indications of intubation, personnel protective equipment (PPE), and aerosol-generating procedures. Frequently missed questions (questions with less than 50% response) in the pretest were based on specific knowledge of airway assessment, rapid sequence induction, and airway management plans. There was significant improvement (p-value <0.0005) in overall knowledge and awareness regarding airway management in COVID patients. Majority of residents were not acquainted with the concept of team dynamics and could not identify the allocation of roles of intubator, airway assistant, and drug manager in the pretest, but 96% participants correctly answered these questions after the session. The feedback survey from participants after the course completion suggested that 79% participants agreed and 8.1% strongly agreed that they were familiar with airway management. Typically, 74% participants were fearful of managing airway in a COVID patient for the fear of aerosol production, PPE breach, lack of hands-on experience, difficult airway situation, lack of confidence, and cross infection. Most residents found short-term online format of airway training useful and believed that it would improve their clinical skill and knowledge.
COVID-19: Risk of alcohol abuse and psychiatric disorders	Haddadi,  S,  Murthi, et al	Pharmacological Research	Clinical data| Données cliniques	We discussed a 39 years old patient known case of paranoid schizophrenia who came to the ED with mild fever, cough and headache. She was soon discharged from the ED after having a normal chest radiograph. She was recommended to be in self-quarantine for at least 14 days. Her COVID-19 condition deteriorated rapidly in a week, and she was brought back to the ED after she had an altercation with her friends while drinking. Patients with psychiatric disorders especially schizophrenia or those who have been diagnosed with alcohol abuse may have a higher risk for progression of their mild COVID-19 to a severe form. On the other hand, they have a role in the spread of COVID-19 in the community due to lower compliance with preventive measures. A higher rate of alcohol abuse in psychiatric patients and their lower compliance to self-quarantine calls for a different approach when they come to the ED with COVID-19 presentations.
Interobserver and Intraobserver Variability in the CT Assessment of COVID-19 Based on RSNA Consensus Classification Categories	Hadied,  MO,  Patel, et al	Academic Radiology	Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	This study aims to assess the interobserver and intraobserver agreement of fellowship trained chest radiologists, nonchest fellowship-trained radiologists, and fifth-year radiology residents for COVID-19-related imaging findings based on the consensus statement released by the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA). Our results support the reliability of the RSNA consensus classification system for COVID-19-related image findings.
32928787; Successful awake proning is associated with improved clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19: single-centre high-dependency unit experience	Hallifax,  RJ,  Porter, et al	BMJ open respiratory research	Clinical data| Données cliniques Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This single-centre retrospective study aimed to assess whether successful awake proning of patients with COVID-19, requiring respiratory support (continuous positive airways pressure (CPAP) or high-flow nasal oxygen (HFNO)) on a respiratory high-dependency unit (HDU), is associated with improved outcomes. HDU care included awake proning by respiratory physiotherapists. Of 565 patients admitted with COVID-19, 71 (12.6%) were managed on the respiratory HDU, with 48 of these (67.6%) requiring respiratory support. Patients managed with CPAP alone 22/48 (45.8%) were significantly less likely to die than patients who required transfer onto HFNO 26/48 (54.2%): CPAP mortality 36.4%; HFNO mortality 69.2%, (p=0.023); however, multivariate analysis demonstrated that increasing age and the inability to awake prone were the only independent predictors of COVID-19 mortality. The mortality of patients with COVID-19 requiring respiratory support is considerable. Data from our cohort managed on HDU show that CPAP and awake proning are possible in a selected population of COVID-19, and may be useful. Further prospective studies are required.
32927009; Molecular phylogeny and missense mutations at envelope proteins across coronaviruses	Hassan,  SS,  Choudhury, et al	Genomics	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	Envelope (E) protein is one of the structural viroporins (76–109 amino acids long) present in the coronavirus. Sixteen sequentially different E-proteins were observed from a total of 4917 available complete SARS-CoV-2 genomes as on 18th June 2020 in the NCBI database. The missense mutations over the envelope protein across various coronaviruses of the β-genus were analyzed to know the immediate parental origin of the envelope protein of SARS-CoV-2. The evolutionary origin is also endorsed by the phylogenetic analysis of the envelope proteins comparing sequence homology as well as amino acid conservations.
Study the association between coronavirus (COVID-19) and asthma in Thi-Qar Province/ Iraq	Hassan,  ZF,  Al–Rekaby, et al	International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	The current study was conducted in southern Iraq Thi-Qar province during the period from April to May (2020) on 300 patients with Covid-19 (ages ranged between 10-85 years), this study aimed to know the relationship between Covid-19 and asthma. The results of the study showed that asthma patients are not more infected with Covid-19 than others, but they suffer from severe symptoms when infected, Only 6.7% of Covid-19 patients suffering from asthma and 90% of asthma patients with Covid-19 are recovering and about10% are die.
Inactivation times from 290 to 315 nm UVB in sunlight for SARS coronaviruses CoV and CoV-2 using OMI satellite data for the sunlit Earth	Herman,  J,  Biegel, et al	Air Quality, Atmosphere and Health	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	UVB in sunlight, 290–315 nm, can inactivate SARS CoV and SARS CoV-2 viruses on surfaces and in the air. Laboratory exposure to ultraviolet irradiance in the UVC range inactivates many viruses and bacteria in times less than 30 min. Estimated UVB inactivation doses from sunlight in J/m2 are obtained from UVC measurements and radiative transfer calculations, weighted by a virus inactivation action spectrum, using OMI satellite atmospheric data for ozone, clouds, and aerosols. For SARS CoV, using an assumed UVC dose near the mid-range of measured values, D90 = 40 J/m2, 90% inactivation times T90 are estimated for exposure to midday 10:00–14:00 direct plus diffuse sunlight and for nearby locations in the shade (diffuse UVB only). For the assumed D90 = 40 J/m2 model applicable to SARS CoV viruses, calculated estimates show that near noon 11:00–13:00 clear-sky direct sunlight gives values of T90 < 90 min for mid-latitude sites between March and September and less than 60 min for many equatorial sites for 12 months of the year. Recent direct measurements of UVB sunlight inactivation of the SARS CoV-2 virus that causes COVID-19 show shorter T90 inactivation times less than 10 min depending on latitude, season, and hour. The equivalent UVC 254 nm D90 dose for SARS CoV-2 is estimated as 3.2 ± 0.7 J/m2 for viruses on a steel mesh surface and 6.5 ± 1.4 J/m2 for viruses in a growth medium. For SARS CoV-2 clear-sky T90 on a surface ranges from 4 min in the equatorial zone to less than 30 min in a geographic area forming a near circle with solar zenith angle < 60O centered on the subsolar point for local solar times from 09:00 to 15:00 h.
Sleep characteristics in health workers exposed to the COVID-19 pandemic	Herrero San Martin,  A,  Parra Serrano, et al	Sleep medicine	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	Health care workers dealing with COVID-19 patients show poorer sleep quality and higher incidence of self-reported insomnia. Higher incidence of nightmares, sleepwalking and sleep terrors, is also shown in this group. Shift work may encourage the emergence of these symptoms. Special protection measures for particularly exposed groups should be considered in health threatening circumstances.
Clinical and imaging features predict mortality in COVID-19 infection in Iran	Homayounieh,  F,  Zhang, et al	PLoS One	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	In this study, we analyze the clinical and radiologic factors that correlate with mortality odds in COVID-19 positive patients from a tertiary care center in Tehran, Iran.  Among clinical features, advanced age (p = 0.02), low oxygenation saturation (p<0.001), leukocytosis (p = 0.02), low lymphocyte fraction (p = 0.03), and low platelet count (p = 0.048) were associated with increased mortality. High RALE score on initial chest radiograph (p = 0.002), presence of pleural effusions on initial CT chest (p = 0.005), development of pleural effusions on follow-up CT chest (p = 0.04), and worsening lung severity score on follow-up CT Chest (p = 0.03) were associated with mortality. A two-factor logistic model using patient age and oxygen saturation was created, which demonstrates 89% accuracy and area under the ROC curve of 0.86 (p<0.0001). Specific demographic, clinical, and imaging features are associated with increased mortality in COVID-19 infections. Attention to these features can help optimize patient management.
Estimation of the number of affected people due to the Covid-19 pandemic using susceptible, infected and recover model	Hoque,  ME	International Journal of Modern Physics C	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	The Susceptible, Infected and Recover (SIR) model is a very simple model to estimate the dynamics of an epidemic. In the current pandemic due to Covid-19, the SIR model has been used to estimate the dynamics of infection for various infected countries. Numerical solutions are used to obtain the value of parameters for the SIR model. The maximum and minimum basic reproduction number (14.5 and 2.3) are predicted to be in Turkey and China, respectively.
First successful treatment of a COVID-19 pregnant woman with severe ARDS by combining early mechanical ventilation and ECMO	Hou,  L,  Li, et al	Heart and Lung	Clinical data| Données cliniques	The present study reports that a 31-year-old pregnant female infected by COVID-19, who suffered from fever, dyspnea, and rapid ARDS. The patient's pulmonary function gradually recovered by combining early mechanical ventilation and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), and finally, this patient was successfully weaned from ECMO and the ventilator. No fibrosis lesions were found in the chest CT, and the patient recovered very well after leaving from the hospital for one month.
Facility-Level Case Report of Nursing Care Processes for Patients With Suspected 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease in Shanghai, China	Hu,  Y,  Wang, et al	Journal of Emergency Nursing	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	The purpose of this study was to describe the treatment of, and nursing care processes for, patients suspected, but not yet confirmed, of having coronavirus disease at 1 facility in Shanghai, China. A total of 119 patients were suspected of having coronavirus disease on the basis of the screening criteria. Nine (7.6%) patients had confirmed coronavirus disease and were transferred to a higher level of care. The remaining 110 (92.4%) were treated and discharged. No cross-infection between patients and hospital staff or other patients was detected. The patients’ symptoms included fever (n = 98, 82.4%), cough (n = 79, 66.4%), dizziness (n = 28, 23.5%), headache (n = 26, 21.8%), fatigue (n = 26, 21.8%), myalgia (n = 16, 13.4%), rhinorrhea (n = 6, 5.0%), diarrhea (n = 5, 4.2%), severe nasal congestion (n = 4, 3.4%), and dyspnea (n = 1, 0.8%).
A novel risk score to predict cardiovascular complications in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A retrospective, multicenter, observational study	Huang,  D,  Yang, et al	Immun Inflamm Dis	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	The current study was a retrospective, multicenter, observational study. The clinical data of COVID‐19 patients at admission were collected. Patients were randomly divided into training set and testing set (70% vs. 30% of patients). Independent risk factors were identified via logistic regression analysis. Ten independent risk factors associated with cardiovascular complications were identified in training set: male (odds ratio [OR]: 1.84; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.18, 2.85), age ≥ 60 years old (OR: 2.01; 95% CI: 1.3, 3.2), cough (OR: 1.86; 95% CI: 1.16, 3), chronic heart disease (OR: 2.3; 95% CI: 1.19, 4.46), lymphocyte count ≤1.1 × 109/L at admission (OR: 1.60; 95% CI: 1.03, 2.47), blood urea nitrogen ≥7 mmol/L at admission (OR: 2.14; 95% CI: 1.27, 3.62), estimated glomerular filtration rate ≤90 ml/min/1.73 m2 at admission (OR: 2.08; 95% CI: 1.13, 3.83), activated partial thromboplastin time ≥37 s (OR: 3.07; 95% CI: 1.37, 6.86), D‐dimer ≥ 0.5 mg/L (OR: 2.12; 95% CI: 1.33, 3.36) and procalcitonin ≥0.5 μg/L (OR: 3.58; 95% CI: 1.40, 9.14). The area under curve of ROC curve was 0.773 (95% CI: 0.723, 0.822; p < .01). The risk score had robustness and generalizability after validation. Cardiovascular complications were significantly associated with poorer survivals (log‐rank test: p < .001).
Temporal antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in patients of coronavirus disease 2019	Huang,  M,  Lu, et al	Cell Discovery	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Immunology | Immunologie	We assessed the longitudinal clinical, laboratory, viral, and immunological data from 366 COVID patients. According to our results, SARS-CoV-2-specific IgM antibody titer can reach the peak levels by the early 3–4 weeks and was predicted to last for about two months. IgG titer can also reach the peak levels at 3–4 weeks and the diminish time was estimated to be 7 months after symptom onset. Patients with older age or severe disease had higher IgM antibody level during the disease, but with delayed IgG antibody production during early infection. In contrast, patients with older age or severe disease achieved a higher IgG level than patients of younger age and mild disease.
A Metacognitive Approach to Reconsidering Risk Perceptions and Uncertainty: Understand Information Seeking During COVID-19	Huang,  Y,  Yang, et al	Science Communication	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The study examined the psychological drivers of information-seeking behaviors during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak. Employing a two-wave (from April 16, 2020, to April 27, 2020) survey design (N = 381), the study confirmed that both risk perceptions and uncertainty were important antecedents to information seeking and that their effects were linked to emotional appraisals of the risk situation. Findings revealed nuanced relationships between these two constructs and emotional appraisals. Danger appraisal was positively associated with perceived susceptibility and susceptibility uncertainty but negatively related to severity uncertainty; hope appraisal depended on the interaction between uncertainty and risk perceptions.
Update: Characteristics of Health Care Personnel with COVID-19 - United States, February 12-July 16, 2020	Hughes,  MM,  Groenewold, et al	MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	HCP with COVID-19 who died tended to be older, male, Asian, Black, and have an underlying medical condition when compared with HCP who did not die. Nursing and residential care facilities were the most commonly reported job setting and nursing the most common single occupation type of HCP with COVID-19 in six jurisdictions.
A retrospective descriptive study characterizing coronavirus disease epidemiology among people in the Kurdistan Region, Iraq	Hussein,  NR,  Naqid, et al	Mediterranean Journal of Hematology and Infectious Diseases	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	This report describes the first  three  months  of  the  SARS-CoV-2epidemic  in  the  Kurdistan  Region  of  Iraq,  including  the  case  fatality  rate   and   the   recovery   rate   and   factors   related   to   COVID-19-related deaths.a  majority  of  the  patients  diagnosed  with    COVID-19    were    in    Erbil    city    and    were    asymptomatic.    Most    patients    recovered    without complications.  The  case  fatality  rate  was  low  and  increased  with  age.  Comprehensive  research  is  needed  to  investigate  regional  variation  in  virus  strains,  the  role  of  host  genetic  factors,  and  immune  responses  in  different populations
Using Continuous Student Feedback to Course-Correct during COVID-19 for a Nonmajors Chemistry Course	Hwang,  CS	Journal of chemical education	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study provides descriptive analytical information on the impact of COVID-19 as it relates to student engagement, attendance, and viewership of video-recorded lectures for a non-majors chemistry course. After the shift online, lecture video views significantly increased and weekly attendance significantly decreased. Analyses revealed no significant association of on-ground and online engagement, which suggests a different subset of students engaged while on-ground vs online. Instructors should highly consider soliciting weekly feedback through low-stakes assignments to gauge student learning and improve their courses while online.
Changes in Diet, Sleep, and Physical Activity Are Associated With Differences in Negative Mood During COVID-19 Lockdown	Ingram,  J,  Maciejewski, et al	Frontiers in Psychology	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	Our objective was to examine changes in health behaviors and their relationship with negative mood during COVID-19 lockdown. We also considered associations between health behaviors and socio-demographic differences and COVID-19-induced changes. 399 participants completed a questionnaire asking about their personal situation and health behaviors during lockdown as well as a negative mood scale. The significance threshold for all analyses was α = 0.05. Poorer diet was linked to more-negative mood, and to changes to working status. Poorer sleep quality was linked with more-negative mood, and with ‘shielding’ from the virus. Being less physically active was related to more-negative mood and student status, whereas being more physically active was linked to having or suspecting COVID-19 infection within the household. Increased alcohol consumption was linked to living with children, but not to negative mood. Changes to diet, sleep quality, and physical activity related to differences in negative mood during COVID-19 lockdown.
Predictors at admission of mechanical ventilation and death in an observational cohort of adults hospitalized with COVID-19	Jackson,  BR,  Gold, et al	Clin Infect Dis	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	We conducted a retrospective observational cohort investigation of 297 adults admitted to eight academic and community hospitals in Georgia, United States, during March 2020.  Compared with age <45 years, ages 65–74 years and ≥75 years were predictors of invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) (aOR 3.12, CI 1.47–6.60; aOR 2.79, CI 1.23–6.33) and the strongest predictors for death (aOR 12.92, CI 3.26–51.25; aOR 18.06, CI 4.43–73.63). Comorbidities associated with death (aORs from 2.4 to 3.8, p <0.05) included end-stage renal disease, coronary artery disease, and neurologic disorders, but not pulmonary disease, immunocompromise, or hypertension. Pre-hospital use vs. non-use of angiotensin receptor blockers (aOR 2.02, CI 1.03–3.96) and dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers (aOR 1.91, CI 1.03–3.55) were associated with death.
COVID-19 pandemic: Psychological impact on anaesthesiologists	Jain,  A,  Singariya, et al	Journal of Clinical Virology	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	We did an online self-administered questionnaire-based observational cross-sectional study amongst anaesthesiologists across India. The objectives were to find out the main causes for anxiety and insomnia in COVID-19 pandemic. The majority of anaesthesiologists on COVID-19 duty suffer from anxiety and insomnia. Addressing risk factors identified during this study with targeted interventions and psychosocial support will help them to cope better with the stress.
Effective anti-sars-cov-2 rna dependent rna polymerase drugs based on docking methods: The case of milbemycin, ivermectin, and baloxavir marboxil	Janabi,  AHD	Avicenna Journal of Medical Biotechnology	Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	The viral RNA dependent RNA Polymerase (RdRP) is a suitable target for developing antiviral agents. SARS-CoV-2 RdRP was employed to test its binding activity with some drugs. Using some docking methods, RdRP was targeted by Milbemycins (MMs), Ivermectin (IMT), Baloxavir Marboxil (BM), and Tadalafil (TF), a phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor. MM-A3 5-oxime (MMA35O), MM-A3 (MMA3), MM-A4 5-oxime (MMA45O), IMT, BM, and TF showed the highest binding affinity to RdRp. The drugs used in the present computational investigation are effective against the SARS-CoV-2 RdRP with high affinity values especially, milbemycins, ivermectin, and Baloxavir marboxil, which could further be studied in laboratory and clinical trials for saving millions of lives around the world.
PMC7329654; A protocol for central venous access in patients with coronavirus disease 2019	Jasinski,  PT,  Tzavellas, et al	J Vasc Surg	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	A protocol for modified peripherally inserted central catheters (PICC) insertion was designed to meet the high demand for access. During the first stages of the COVID-19 pandemic, a dedicated PICC-team performed 112 PICC insertions in 112 patients with COVID-19. The technical success was 100% and the basilic vein was most commonly used. Follow-up after PICC insertion ranges from 10 to 21 days. None of the patients developed catheter-related infections or upper extremity deep venous thrombosis related to PICC placement.
Outcomes of the 2019 novel coronavirus in patients with or without a history of cancer: a multi-centre North London experience	Joharatnam-Hogan,  N,  Hochhauser, et al	Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	We retrospectively collected clinical data and outcomes of COVID-19 positive cancer patients treated consecutively in five North London hospitals (cohort A). Outcomes were compared with consecutively admitted COVID-19 positive patients, without a history of cancer (cohort B). The median age in both cohorts was 74 years, with 67% male, and comprised of 30 patients with cancer, and 90 without. The odds ratio (OR) for mortality, comparing patients with cancer to those without, was 1.05 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.4–2.5], and severe outcome (OR 0.89, 95% CI 0.4–2.0) suggesting no increased risk of death or a severe outcome in patients with cancer. Cancer patients who received systemic treatment within 28 days had an OR for mortality of 4.05 (95% CI 0.68–23.95), p = 0.12. On presentation anaemia, hypokalaemia, hypoalbuminaemia and hypoproteinaemia were identified predominantly in cohort A. Median duration of admission was 8 days for cancer patients and 7 days for non-cancer.
The Effects of Pre-Response Before COVID-19 Outbreak on Strategic Decision Making	Jung,  Jae-Hun,  Kim, et al	Research Square prepub	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Transmission Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	When comparing prevention policies of Sweden and South Korea, it was confirmed that pre-response can be an appropriate preventive strategy against the transmission of infection.
Repurposing of the approved small molecule drugs in order to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 S protein and human ACE2 interaction through virtual screening approaches	Kalhor,  H,  Sadeghi, et al	J Biomol Struct Dyn	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	In this study, using structure-based virtual screening of FDA databases, several lead drugs were discovered based on the ACE2-binding pocket of SARS-CoV-2 S protein. Then, binding affinity, binding modes, critical interactions, and pharmaceutical properties of the lead drugs were evaluated. Among the previously approved drugs, Diammonium Glycyrrhizinate, Digitoxin, Ivermectin, Rapamycin, Rifaximin, and Amphotericin B represented the most desirable features, and can be possible candidates for Covid-19 therapies.
Treatment of cytokine storm syndrome with IL-1 receptor antagonist anakinra in a patient with ARDS caused by COVID-19 infection: A case report	Kaps,  L,  Labenz, et al	Clinical Case Reports	Clinical data| Données cliniques	this report highlights the use of anakinra to mitigate the excessive inflammatory response in ARDS caused by COVID‐19. Additionally, this case demonstrates that patients treated with anakinra should be cautiously screened for bacterial infections and an antibiotic prophylaxis should be critically evaluated. On March 20, 2020, a 53‐year‐old female Caucasian was admitted to the emergency room of the University Medical Center Mainz, Germany. Upon admission, she reported a history of 4 days of cough with persistent fever (>38.5°C) and progressing dyspnea.  Virologic testing, from nasopharyngeal swab and tracheal secrete, detected SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA by rapid nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT). Hydroxychloroquine, as compassionate use, was initiated on day one and stopped on day 5 because of drug‐induced long QT syndrome.
Modernization of regression models to predict the number of deaths from the new coronavirus infection	Karyakin,  NN,  Saperkin, et al	Sovremennye Tehnologii v Medicine	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	The aim of the study was to modernize the existing prognostic regression models in the context of expanding knowledge about the new coronavirus infection. Manifestations of the COVID-19 epidemic process in several countries were studied; special attention was put to the number of deaths associated with the infection. A significant proportion of severe cases were noted among patients both in Russia and elsewhere. Considering that the disease incidence has reached its peak in China and Italy, we were able to improve the previously published regression models and to compare their performance. The first modified model is based on the absolute increase in new cases of the infection: its regression coefficient is 0.16 (95% CI 0.137–0.181). In the extended version of the updated model, we additionally considered cases of aggravated COVID-19: the regression coefficients were 0.128 (95% CI 0.103–0.153) for model 2 and 0.053 (95% CI 0.029–0.077) for model 1.1; p=0.0001.
COVID-19 outbreak and beyond: the information content of registered short-time workers for GDP now- and forecasting	Kaufmann,  S	Swiss Journal of Economics and Statistics	Economics | Économie	The number of short-time workers from January to April 2020 is used to now- and forecast quarterly GDP growth. We purge the monthly log level series from the systematic component to extract unexpected changes or shocks to log short-time workers. These monthly shocks are included in a univariate model for quarterly GDP growth to capture timely, current-quarter unexpected changes in growth dynamics. Included shocks additionally explain 24% in GDP growth variation. The model is able to forecast quite precisely the decrease in GDP during the financial crisis. It predicts a mean decline in GDP of 5.7% over the next two quarters. Without additional growth stimulus, the GDP level forecast remains persistently 4% lower in the long run. The uncertainty is large, as the 95% highest forecast density interval includes a decrease in GDP as large as 9%. A recovery to pre-crisis GDP level in 2021 lies only in the upper tail of the 95% highest forecast density interval. © 2020, The Author(s).
Evaluation of the Effects of Fear and Anxiety on Nutrition during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Turkey	Kaya,  S,  Uzdil, et al	Public Health Nutr	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The aim of this study was to evaluate effects of fear and anxiety on nutrition during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants were recruited by an online survey in this cross-sectional study. A total sample consisted of 1012 adults. In pandemic, anxiety and fear led to changes in individuals’ nutritional habits and food preferences.
32888976; Early short-course corticosteroids and furosemide combination to treat non-critically ill COVID-19 patients: An observational cohort study	Kevorkian,  JP,  Riveline, et al	Journal of Infection	Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	To address the effectiveness of early short-course corticosteroid/furosemide treatment in the non-critically ill COVID-19 patient, we designed a retrospective observational cohort study. All successive COVID-19 patients with pneumonia requiring oxygen admitted to our non-critical medical ward from 03/11/2020 to 04/27/2020 were included. One-hundred-and-nineteen patients (age, 75yrs [63–83]); M/F sex-ratio, 1.9; past hypertension, 61%; diabetes mellitus, 39%; cardiovascular diseases, 39%; lung diseases, 24%) were included. Our data provides evidence that early short-course of corticosteroids combined to furosemide reduces the risk of invasive MV requirement or 28-day mortality in the non-critically ill COVID-19 patients. In comparison to the RECOVERY trial results, our findings highly suggest the benefits and safety of adding furosemide to corticosteroids, aiming to improve fluid management especially in the aged patients with comorbidities at risk of pulmonary edema (BNP >100 ng/mL on admission).
Burnout and career satisfaction among attending neurosurgeons during the COVID-19 pandemic	Khalafallah,  AM,  Lam, et al	Clinical neurology and neurosurgery	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This national survey investigated the impact of the pandemic on burnout and career satisfaction among U.S. attending neurosurgeons. A 24-question survey was sent electronically to all American Association of Neurological Surgeons (AANS) attending members. 407 attending neurosurgeons were included in the present study, with an overall response rate of 17.7 %. The majority reported a decrease in work hours due to the pandemic (82.6 %), uncertainty about future earnings (80.3 %), and uncertainty regarding future healthcare reform (84.5 %). Burnout was identified in 83 (20.4 %) respondents, whereas career satisfaction was identified in 316 (77.6 %) respondents. Rate of burnout was decreased when compared to rates reported in the pre-COVID era. In multivariate analysis, burnout was associated with working in a hostile or difficult environment since the rise of COVID-19 (OR = 2.534, p = 0.008), not having children (OR = 3.294, p = 0.011), being in practice for 5−15 years (vs. < 5 years) (OR = 4.568, p = 0.014), spending increased time conducting non-neurosurgical medical care due to COVID-19 (OR = 2.362, p = 0.019), feeling uncertain about future earnings due to COVID-19 (OR = 4.031, p = 0.035), and choosing not to pursue or feeling uncertain about pursuing neurosurgery again if given the choice (OR = 7.492, p < 0.001). Career satisfaction was associated with cerebrovascular subspecialty training (OR = 2.614, p = 0.046) and a willingness to pursue neurosurgery again if given the choice (OR = 2.962, p < 0.001).
Distinct antibody repertoires against endemic human coronaviruses in children and adults	Khan,  Taushif,  Rahman, et al	bioRxiv	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Immunology | Immunologie	Here we report a comprehensive analysis of CoV-specific antibody repertoires in 231 children and 1168 adults using phage-immunoprecipitation sequencing. Seroprevalence of antibodies to endemic HCoVs ranged between ~4 and 27% depending on the species and cohort. We identified at least 136 novel linear B cell epitopes. Antibody repertoires against endemic HCoVs were qualitatively different between children and adults in that anti-HCoV IgG specificities more frequently found among children targeted functionally important and structurally conserved regions of the spike, nucleocapsid and matrix proteins. Moreover, antibody specificities targeting the highly conserved fusion peptide region and S2’ cleavage site of the spike protein were broadly cross-reactive with peptides of epidemic human and non-human coronaviruses. In contrast, an acidic tandem repeat in the N-terminal region of the Nsp3 subdomain of the HCoV-HKU1 polyprotein was the predominant target of antibody responses in adult donors.
Modeling the Spread of COVID-19 in Lebanon: A Bayesian Perspective	Kharroubi,  SA	Frontiers in Applied Mathematics and Statistics	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	This article investigates the problem of modeling the trend of the current Coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic in Lebanon along time. Two different models were developed using Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo simulation methods. The Poisson autoregressive model that allows capturing both short-term and long-term components performs best under all criterions.
Cannabidiol Modulates Cytokine Storm in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Induced by Simulated Viral Infection Using Synthetic RNA	Khodadadi,  H,  Salles, et al	Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research	Therapeutics| Thérapeutique Animal model | Modèle animal	Our results suggest a potential protective role for cannabidiol (CBD) during ARDS that may extend CBD as part of the treatment of COVID-19 by reducing the cytokine storm, protecting pulmonary tissues, and re-establishing inflammatory homeostasis.
Effects of COVID-19 Misinformation on Information Seeking, Avoidance, and Processing: A Multicountry Comparative Study	Kim,  HK,  Ahn, et al	Science Communication	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	We examined the implications of exposure to misinformation about COVID-19 in the United States, South Korea, and Singapore in the early stages of the global pandemic. The online survey results showed that misinformation exposure reduced information insufficiency, which subsequently led to greater information avoidance and heuristic processing, as well as less systematic processing of COVID-19 information. Indirect effects differ by country and were stronger in the U.S. sample than in the Singapore sample.
Ferritin Nanocage-Based Methyltransferase SETD6 for COVID-19 Therapy	Kim,  HN,  Park, et al	Advanced Functional Materials	Therapeutics| Thérapeutique Animal model | Modèle animal	Here, a ferritin nanocage-based delivery system is presented that can maintain the activity of  SET-domain containing 6 (SETD6) in vivo. According to the analysis of severe COVID-19 patients’ peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), the SETD6 expression is downregulated while that of NF-κB is upregulated. By engineering the structure of ferritin, a protein scaffold is fabricated in which short ferritin is decorated with cell-penetrating peptide and nuclear-localizing TAT-NBD peptide together with SETD6, termed TFS. The TFS enhances the SETD6 level and reduces the NF-κB signaling in PBMCs of severe COVID-19 patients and subsequently suppresses the cytokine storm. When the TFS is intravenously administered in the cytokine storm mouse model, the survival rate is rescued and the lung tissue damage and cytokine expression are also inhibited.
The impact of social distancing and public behavior changes on COVID-19 transmission dynamics in the Republic of Korea	Kim,  S,  Ko, et al	PLoS One	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	This study investigated the impact of non-pharmaceutical measures on short- and long-term outbreak dynamics. The estimated transmission rate of COVID-19 was 4·6180 and behavior change rate was 2·6044. The model predicted the number of new cases to continuously decrease, with less than one case expected after May 6, 2020. Concurrently, a 25% reduction in behavioral changes during the outbreak would increase the case count by 60,000, resulting in 4,000 cases at maximum, exceeding the medical system’s capacity. As behavioral restrictions are eased, local transmission will likely increase, with forecasted second wave peak in October 2020.
Characteristics and outcomes of admitted patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Uganda	Kirenga,  B,  Muttamba, et al	BMJ Open Respiratory Research	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	We report on the first 56 patients; 29 received hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and 27 did not. The median age was 34.2 years; 67.9% were male; and 14.6% were <18 years. Up 57.1% of the patients were asymptomatic. The most common symptoms were fever (21.4%), cough (19.6%), rhinorrhea (16.1%), headache (12.5%), muscle ache (7.1%) and fatigue (7.1%). Rates of comorbidities were 10.7% (pre-existing hypertension), 10.7% (diabetes) and 7.1% (HIV), Body Mass Index (BMI) of ≥30 36.6%. 37.0% had a blood pressure (BP) of >130/90 mm Hg, and 27.8% had BP of >140/90 mm Hg. Laboratory derangements were leucopenia (10.6%), lymphopenia (11.1%) and thrombocytopenia (26.3%). Abnormal chest X-ray was observed in 14.3%. No patients reached the primary endpoint. Time to clinical recovery was shorter among patients who received HCQ, but this difference did not reach statistical significance.
32938838; Potential predictors of poor prognosis among critical COVID-19 pneumonia patients requiring tracheal intubation	Kishaba,  T,  Maeda, et al	Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	We evaluated clinical characteristics, laboratory data, treatment provided, and oxygenation to identify potential predictors of mortality among critical COVID-19 pneumonia patients. . All patients were older than 70 years, five were men, six had hypertension, and three ultimately died. Compared with survivors, non-survivors tended to be never smokers (0 pack-years vs. 30 pack-years, p = 0.08), to have higher body mass index (31.3 kg/m2 vs. 25.3 kg/m2, p = 0.06), to require earlier tracheal intubation after symptom onset (2.7 days vs. 5.5 days, p = 0.07), and had fewer lymphocytes on admission (339 /μL vs. 518 /μL, p = 0.05). During the first week after tracheal intubation, non-survivors displayed lower values for minimum ratio of the partial pressure of oxygen to fractional inspiratory oxygen concentration (P/F ratio) (44 mmHg vs. 122 mmHg, p < 0.01) and poor response to intensive therapy compared with survivors.
Full-Dress Rehearsals with Actual Non-Infected Patients Builds Confidence and Familiarity - An Experience from Singapore during the COVID-19 Pandemic	Koh,  FH,  Ng, et al	Viruses	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	While it is possible to reason that observed variation in the number and severity of cases stems from the initial number of infected individuals, the difference in the testing policies and social aspects of community transmissions, the factors that could explain high discrepancy in areas with a similar level of healthcare still remain unknown. Here, we introduce a binary classifier based on an artificial neural network that can help in explaining those differences and that can be used to support the design of containment policies. We found that SARS-CoV-2 infection frequency positively correlates with particulate air pollutants, and specifically with particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5), while ozone gas is oppositely related with the number of infected individuals.
Re-flipping in the Remote Classroom: The Surprising Uptake of Video-Recorded Worked Examples	Koretsky,  MD	Journal of chemical education	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This communication provides an initial report of modifications of a pedagogically complex, large enrollment (>200 student), studio-based course in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Compared to face-to-face delivery, course activities were identified as new, modified significantly, or relatively similar. Students were asked to rank eight activities in terms of their effectiveness to the development of their chemical engineering knowledge and skills. Surprisingly, students responded most positively to a new activity, "video worked examples,"with over half the students selecting the highest ranking.
Prolonged Course of COVID-19-Associated Pneumonia in a B-Cell Depleted Patient After Rituximab	Kos,  I,  Balensiefer, et al	Frontiers in Oncology	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Here, we describe the case of a 72-year old male patient with B-cell depletion after maintenance treatment with rituximab for non-Hodgkin-lymphoma who had a prolonged COVID-19 course and initial false negative test results. Our case highlights the diagnostic pitfalls in diagnosing COVID-19 in B-cell depleted patients and discuss the role of B-cell depletion in the course and treatment of COVID-19. Furthermore, we investigated peripheral blood monocytes and SARS-CoV-2 specific T cells in our patient.
Effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the activity of physicians working in the areas of head and neck surgery and otorhinolaryngology	Kowalski,  LP,  Imamura, et al	International Archives of Otorhinolaryngology	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	The aim of the present study was to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the practice of head and neck surgeons and otorhinolaryngologists in Brazil. Seven hundred and twenty-nine answers were received in a period of 4 days, ∼ 40 days after the 1st confirmed case in Brazil. With professionalsworking in public and private services, there was a high level of concerns with the disease and its consequences, limited availability of PPE and a significant decrease in the volume of specialized medical care.
Association Between Prescribed Ibuprofen and Severe COVID-19 Infection: A Nationwide Register-Based Cohort Study	Kragholm,  K,  Gerds, et al	Clin Transl Sci	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	We examined risk of severe COVID‐19 between ibuprofen‐prescribed and non‐ibuprofen COVID‐19 patients in a nationwide register‐based study of COVID‐19 patients in Denmark between end of February 2020 and May 16, 2020. Among 4,002 patients, 264 (6.6%) had ibuprofen prescription claims before COVID‐19.  in this nationwide study, there was no significant association between ibuprofen prescription claims and severe COVID‐19.
An evolutionary portrait of the progenitor SARS-CoV-2 and its dominant offshoots in COVID-19 pandemic	Kumar,  Sudhir,  Tao, et al	bioRxiv	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	Here, we present the heretofore cryptic mutational history, phylogeny, and dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 from an analysis of tens of thousands of high-quality genomes. The reconstructed mutational progression is highly concordant with the timing of coronavirus sampling dates. It predicts the progenitor genome whose earliest offspring without any non-synonymous mutations were still spreading worldwide months after the report of COVID-19.
Health Anxiety and Mental Health Outcome During COVID-19 Lockdown in Italy: The Mediating and Moderating Roles of Psychological Flexibility	Landi,  G,  Pakenham, et al	Frontiers in Psychology	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study examined the mediating and moderating roles of psychological flexibility in the link between trait health anxiety and three mental health outcomes: COVID-19 peritraumatic distress, anxiety, and depression. We hypothesized that higher psychological flexibility would decrease the negative impacts of trait health anxiety on mental health outcomes. Results indicated that psychological flexibility did not moderate the link between trait health anxiety and mental health outcomes. Rather, greater psychological flexibility mediated decreases in the adverse effects of trait health anxiety on COVID-19 distress, anxiety, and depression.
Public Interest in Knee Replacement Fell During the Onset of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Google Trends Analysis	Landy,  DC,  Chalmers, et al	HSS Journal	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	We sought to describe public interest in knee replacement during the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Google Trends was used to obtain the daily number of searches for “knee replacement,” “coronavirus,” and “knee pain” from December 19, 2019, to May 14, 2020. Public interest in knee replacement, assessed through internet search queries, decreased during the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. While interest in pain has returned, the continued decreased level of interest in surgery may represent a fear of surgery among the general public in the setting of COVID-19.
COVID-19 Contact Tracing in Two Counties - North Carolina, June-July 2020	Lash,  RR,  Donovan, et al	MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	During periods of high COVID-19 incidence in North Carolina, 48% of COVID-19 patients reported no contacts, and 25% of contacts were not reached in Mecklenburg County. Despite aggressive efforts by health departments, many COVID-19 patients do not report contacts, and many contacts cannot be reached. Improved timeliness of contact tracing, community engagement, and community-wide mitigation are needed to reduce SARS-CoV-2 transmission.
Real-time reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification for rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2	Lau,  YL,  Ismail, et al	PeerJ	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay has emerged as a novel alternative isothermal amplification method for the detection of nucleic acid. This assay detected one copy/reaction of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in 30 min. Both the clinical sensitivity and specificity of this assay were 100%.
Evaluating the Psychological Impacts Related to COVID-19 of Vietnamese People Under the First Nationwide Partial Lockdown in Vietnam	Le,  XTT,  Dang, et al	Frontiers in Psychiatry	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	this study aimed to identify the psychological impacts of COVID-19 on Vietnamese people and associated factors. We conducted a cross-sectional study during a one-week social distancing and isolation from April 7 to 14, 2020, in Vietnam. Comprehensive strategies for the screen of psychological problems and to support high-risk groups are critical, especially females, middle-aged adults and the elderly, affected laborers, and health care professionals.
Clinical implication and risk factor of pneumonia development in mild COVID-19 patients	Lee,  HW,  Yoon, et al	Korean J Intern Med	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	We examined the significance of pneumonia development on clinical course in hospitalized patients with mild COVID-19. The impact of pneumonia development on time to viral clearance in mild COVID-19 patients was evaluated in unadjusted and adjusted analyses. Risk factors associated with the development of pneumonia were also identified. Development of pneumonia delayed viral clearance in mild COVID-19 patients. Patients with older age or diarrhea may need to be closely monitored, given the increased risk of pneumonia.
Robust and persistent SARS-CoV-2 infection in the human intestinal brush border expressing cells	Lee,  S,  Yoon, et al	Emerg Microbes Infect	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	We established a human GI tract cell line model highly permissive to SARS-CoV-2. These cells, C2BBe1 intestinal cells with a brush border having high levels of transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2), showed robust viral propagation, and could be persistently infected with SARS-CoV-2, supporting the clinical observations of persistent GI infection in COVID-19 patients.
32936586; COVID-19: Preliminary Data on the Impact of Social Distancing on Loneliness and Mental Health	Lewis,  K	Journal of psychiatric practice	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This column offers preliminary data from an ongoing experience sampling study of the prevalence, course, and impact of loneliness on mental health in a community adult sample living under social distancing requirements during the COVID-19 pandemic. Initial findings aggregated across all experience sampling reports showed negative associations between virtual social contact (via text, phone, or videoconferencing) and feelings of loneliness, while in-person interactions appeared to have no impact on loneliness.
Disparities in COVID-19 Incidence, Hospitalizations, and Testing, by Area-Level Deprivation - Utah, March 3-July 9, 2020	Lewis,  NM,  Friedrichs, et al	MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	During March 3–June 9, 2020, odds of SARS-CoV-2 infection in very high-deprivation areas of Utah were three times higher than those in very low-deprivation areas; rates of hospitalization and testing were also higher in higher-deprivation areas. Enhanced mitigation strategies might include increasing availability and accessibility of SARS-CoV-2 testing, contact tracing, isolation options, preventive care, disease management, and prevention guidance in more deprived areas.
Reconstructive Microsurgery Emergency in a Patient with COVID-19	Lhuaire,  M,  Garrido, et al	Plast Reconstr Surg	Clinical data| Données cliniques	On March 27, 2020, a 21-year-old woman with a medical history of early wound dehiscence and a documented operative-site infection caused by wild-type enterobacteria following a complete resection of an 8-cm osteosarcoma of the right ilium with ortho pedic reconstruction including lumbar column arthrodesis with pedicle screws and rods was referred to our department for multidisciplinary intervention.
A potent synthetic nanobody targets RBD and protects mice from SARS-CoV-2 infection	Li,  Dianfan,  Li, et al	bioRxiv	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Vaccine Research| Recherche sur les vaccins Animal model | Modèle animal	Here, we generated 99 synthetic nanobodies (sybodies) by in vitro selection using three libraries. The best sybody, MR3 bound to RBD with high affinity (KD = 1.0 nM) and showed high neutralization activity against SARS-CoV-2 pseudoviruses. a divalent MR3 conjugated with the albumin-binding domain for prolonged half-life displayed highest potency (IC50 = 12 ng mL-1) and protected mice from live SARS-CoV-2 challenge. Our results pave the way to the development of therapeutic nanobodies against COVID-19 and present a strategy for rapid responses for future outbreaks.
Construction and application of the information system for preview and triage during novel coronavirus pneumonia epidemic time in stomatological hospitals	Li,  Y,  Sun, et al	Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University (Medical Sciences)	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	We aim to construct an information system for preview and triage during novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) epidemic time in stomatological hospitals and put it to clinical use. After the system went online, the triage data of 35 patients were analyzed. The average triage time was shortened from (90.82±31.85) seconds to (38.97±12.14) seconds, with an efficiency increase of about 125%.
Constructing and communicating COVID-19 stigma on twitter: A content analysis of tweets during the early stage of the COVID-19 outbreak	Li,  Y,  Twersky, et al	International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study focuses on stigma communication about COVID-19 on Twitter in the early stage of the outbreak, given the lack of information and rapid global expansion of new cases during this period. We also explore whether the presence of misinformation and conspiracy theories in COVID-19-related tweets is associated with the presence of COVID-19 stigma content. A total of 155,353 unique COVID-19-related tweets posted between December 31, 2019, and March 13, 2020, were identified, from which 7000 tweets were randomly selected. Public health agencies should be aware of the unintentional stigmatization of COVID-19 in public health messages and the urgency to engage and educate the public about the facts of COVID-19.
Public awareness, emotional reactions and human mobility in response to the COVID-19 outbreak in China - a population-based ecological study	Li,  Y,  Zeng, et al	Psychol Med	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	A population-based ecological study on public awareness, emotional reactions and human mobility in response to the COVID-19 outbreak in China.
S-Trimer, a COVID-19 subunit vaccine candidate, induces protective immunity in nonhuman primates	Liang,  JoshuaG,  Su, et al	bioRxiv	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Vaccine Research| Recherche sur les vaccins Animal model | Modèle animal	Here we describe STrimer, a native-like trimeric subunit vaccine candidate for COVID-19 based on Trimer-Tag technology. Immunization of S-Trimer with either AS03 (oil-in-water emulsion) or CpG 1018 (TLR9 agonist) plus alum adjuvants induced high-levels of neutralizing antibodies and Th1-biased cellular immune responses in animal models. Moreover, rhesus macaques immunized with adjuvanted S-Trimer were protected from SARS-CoV-2 challenge compared to vehicle controls, based on clinical observations and reduction of viral loads in lungs.
Intersectionality and inequalities in medical risk for severe COVID-19 in the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging	Lin,  SL	Gerontologist	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	This study explores how racial-nativity status, family income, education level and the intersecting profile of these three social standings stratify differential patterns of chronic conditions among Canadians aged 45 years and older. There were significant racial-nativity disparities and social-class gradients in multimorbidity. The odds of having ≥3 medical conditions were greater for Black immigrants (OR=1.79, 95% CI=1.13, 2.82), South Asian immigrants (OR=1.49, 95% CI=1.02, 2.19) and close to double for Aboriginal Canadians (OR=1.96, 95% CI=1.37, 2.80) relative to Canadian-born Whites.
PMC7313486 interest to disclosure; Serum ferritin as an independent risk factor for severity in COVID-19 patients	Lin,  Z,  Long, et al	J Infect	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	We conducted a retrospective study included 147 confirmed COVID-19 patients in Changsha, a non-epicenter city of China. The overall proportion of severe disease was 16.32% (24/147). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that the serum ferritin level on admission was an independent risk factor for disease severity in COVID-19 patients.
32937868; Spatio-Temporal Mutational Profile Appearances of Swedish SARS-CoV-2 during the Early Pandemic	Ling,  J,  Hickman, et al	Viruses	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	We analyzed 348 Swedish SARS-CoV-2 sequences freely available from GISAID obtained from 7 February 2020 until 14 May 2020. We identified 14 variant sites ≥5% frequency in the population. Among those sites, the D936Y substitution in the viral Spike protein was under positive selection. The variant sites can distinguish 11 mutational profiles in Sweden. Our study provides novel knowledge on the spatio-temporal dynamics of Swedish SARS-CoV-2 variants during the early pandemic.
Initial value estimation of uncertain differential equations and zero-day of COVID-19 spread in China	Lio,  W,  Liu, et al	Fuzzy Optimization and Decision Making	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	In addition, the method of moments is recast for estimating the time-varying parameters in uncertain differential equations. Using those techniques, a COVID-19 spread model based on uncertain differential equation is derived, and the zero-day of COVID-19 spread in China is inferred.
Value of swab types and collection time on SARS-COV-2 detection using RT-PCR assay	Liu,  M,  Li, et al	Journal of virological methods	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	In present study, paired nasopharyngeal swabs, nasal swabs, oropharyngeal swabs and anal swabs were collected from patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 during infection late stage before washing in the morning and afternoon were tested by RT-PCR. our research discovers that nasopharyngeal or nasal swab collected before washing in the morning might be more suitable for detecting of large-scale specimens from patients infected with low SARS-CoV-2 load during infection late stage.
Anxiety and depression symptoms of medical staff under COVID-19 epidemic in China	Liu,  Y,  Chen, et al	Journal of affective disorders	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	In this study, an online non-probability sample survey was used to anonymously investigate the anxiety and depression symptoms among medical staff under the COVID-19 outbreak in China. A total of 1090 medical staff were investigated in this study. The estimated self-reported rates of anxiety symptoms, depression symptoms and both of the two were 13.3%, 18.4% and 23.9% respectively. Factors associated with self-reported anxiety symptoms include married status, not living alone, never confiding their troubles to others and higher stress.
Host transcriptome-guided drug repurposing for COVID-19 treatment: a meta-analysis based approach	Loganathan,  T,  Ramachandran, et al	PeerJ	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	We adopted a host transcriptome-based drug repurposing strategy utilizing the publicly available high throughput gene expression data on SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory infection viruses. By further analysis of the drug-perturbed expression profiles in the connectivity map, 27 drugs that can reverse the expression of pro-viral factors were identified, and importantly, twelve of them reported to have anti-viral activity.
Early Peri-operative Outcomes Were Unchanged in Patients Undergoing Spine Surgery During the COVID-19 Pandemic in New York City	Louie,  PK,  Barber, et al	HSS Journal	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	We sought to compare the peri-operative outcomes of patients undergoing spine surgery during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic to a matched cohort prior to the pandemic. A total of 254 patients (127 SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, 127 matched controls) were included. All patients underwent general anesthesia and did not require re-intubation. There were no significant differences in 1-month post-operative complication rates.
Spike conformation transition in SARS-CoV-2 infection	Luo,  Liaofu,  Zuo, et al	arXiv	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	A theory is established on the conformation transition for SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (S). The conformation equilibrium between open (up) and closed (down) conformations of receptor binding domain (RBD) is studied from the first-principle. The evolution of coronavirus dependent on the alteration of conformation equilibrium is indicated. Finally, introduction of electric field to change the conformation potential barrier and how the conformation equilibrium depends on temperature and humidity are briefly discussed.
32779733; The differing pathophysiologies that underlie COVID-19 associated perniosis and thrombotic retiform purpura: a case series	Magro,  C,  Mulvey, et al	British Journal of Dermatology	Clinical data| Données cliniques	We compare the clinical and pathological profiles of these two different cutaneous manifestations of COVID‐19. Biopsies of COVID‐19‐associated perniosis exhibited vasocentric and eccrinotropic T‐cell‐ and monocyte‐derived CD11c+, CD14+ and CD123+ dendritic cell infiltrates. We hypothesize that in the thrombotic retiform purpura of critically ill patients with COVID‐19, the vascular thrombosis in the skin and other organ systems is associated with a minimal interferon response.
COVID-19 detection from chest X-ray images using deep learning and convolutional neural networks	Makris,  A,  Kontopoulos, et al		Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	Several state-of-the-art pre-trained convolutional neural networks were evaluated as of their ability to detect infected patients from chest X-Ray images. We employed transfer learning, which transfers knowledge extracted by pre-trained models to the model to be trained. The experimental results demonstrate that the classification performance can reach an accuracy of 95% for the best two models.
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on Italian Otolaryngology Units: a nationwide study	Mannelli,  G,  Ralli, et al	Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	The aim of this study was to provide an accurate picture of the changes which have occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic, and the contributions given by Italian Otolaryngology Units. Nearly half of the Otolaryngology Units that responded to the questionnaire were merged with other units, while 22% were converted into COVID-19 units or temporarily closed. Most of the elective otolaryngology activities were suspended during the pandemic; the only procedures were for oncology and emergency patients.
Mechanical Thrombectomy of COVID-19 positive acute ischemic stroke patient: a case report and call for preparedness	Mansour,  OY,  Malik, et al	BMC Neurol	Clinical data| Données cliniques	A 54-year-old COVID-19 positive patient developed sudden onset left hemiparesis secondary to an acute right middle cerebral artery occlusion. Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) was performed under a new protocol specifically designed to maximize protective measures for the team involved in the care of the patient. Patient was discharged after 19 days after improvement of her pulmonary status with modified Rankin Scale = 1.
Design and synthesis of a 3,2'-indane]-1',3'-dione derivative and their theoretical interaction with the coronavirus surface (COVID-19)	Marcela,  RN,  Lauro, et al	Biointerface Research in Applied Chemistry	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	The aim of this research was to synthetize a 3,2'-indane]-1',3'-dione (compound 6) from 2,4-Dinitrophenyl hydrazine to evaluate their interaction with COVID-19 (6UL7) using either chloroquine and remdesivir as controls in a theoretical model. The results showed that compound 6 have a different affinity by 6UL7-protein surface compared with either chloroquine and remdesivir. In addition, other data showed low binding energy for 6 compared with both hydroxychloroquine and remdesivir.
A vaccine built from potential immunogenic pieces derived from the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein	Marchan,  Jose Gregorio	bioRxiv	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Vaccine Research| Recherche sur les vaccins Immunology | Immunologie	in this study, an integrated immunoinformatics approach was applied to identify cytotoxic T cell (CTC), T helper cell (THC), and Linear B cell (BC) epitopes from the S glycoprotein in an attempt to design a high-quality multi-epitope vaccine. The best CTC, THC, and BC epitopes showed high viral antigenicity, lack of allergenic or toxic residues, and suitable HLA-viral peptide interactions. The population coverage analysis showed that the multi-epitope vaccine could be used globally. Computer-based simulations suggest that the vaccine model has a robust potential to evoke and maximize both immune effector responses and immunological memory to SARS-CoV-2.
Cytomegalovirus-Induced Gastrointestinal Bleeding and Pancreatitis Complicating Severe Covid-19 Pneumonia: A Paradigmatic Case	Marchi,  G,  Vianello, et al	Mediterranean Journal of Hematology and Infectious Diseases	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Here we describe a patient with severe COVID-19 pneumonia who developed in the resolving phase abdominal pain associated with cytomegalovirus (CMV)-induced duodenitis with bleeding and pancreatitis. Treatment with ganciclovir was started. On day 43 from admission,  the patient was successfully discharged by the COVID Unit.
Spontaneous Pneumothorax in COVID-19 Patients	Marsico,  S,  Bellido, et al	Archivos de Bronconeumologia	Clinical data| Données cliniques	A 67-year-old man was admitted to the Emergency Department of our Hospital with fever and respiratory insufficience secondary to COVID-19 pneumonia, confirmed with RT-PCR test. A right pneumothorax was detected as explanation for early respiratory deterioration. A right basal pleural drainage was placed with expansion of the right lung and progressive improvement of respiratory function.
Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum and Macklin Effect in COVID-19 Patients	Marsico,  S,  Del Carpio Bellido, et al	Archivos de Bronconeumologia	Clinical data| Données cliniques	A 71-year-old man presenting at our emergency department due to 6-days of fever and oropharyngeal dryness secondary to COVID-19 pneumonia. Computed Tomography Pulmonary Angiography (CTPA) showed a segmental pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) in LSD, opacities compatible with viral pneumonia, and bilateral varicose bronchiectasis. The patient was treated with anticoagulant therapy but experienced worsening of respiratory symptoms. Pneumomediastinum secondary to barotrauma (Macklin effect) was detected - an unusual pulmonary complication.
Serum Endocan Levels on Admission Are Associated With Worse Clinical Outcomes in COVID-19 Patients: A Pilot Study	Medetalibeyoglu,  A,  Emet, et al	Angiology	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	We hypothesized serum endocan levels on admission are associated with primary composite end point (mortality and intensive care unit hospitalization) in COVID-19 patients. Patients with the primary composite end point had significantly higher serum endocan levels than patients without. In the logistic regression analysis, only increased serum endocan levels and increase in age were independent predictors of the primary composite end point. In the receiver operating characteristics curve analysis, we found that a serum endocan level of 276.4 ng/L had a 97% sensitivity and 85% specificity for prediction of the primary composite end point.
Skin manifestations in patients hospitalized with confirmed COVID-19 disease: a cross-sectional study in a tertiary hospital	Méndez Maestro,  I,  Peña Merino, et al	Int J Dermatol	Clinical data| Données cliniques	The objective of this cross-sectional study was to examine the skin of hospitalized patients with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 disease in Spain and describe the real prevalence of skin manifestations. From a sample of 75 patients, 14 (18.7%) developed cutaneous manifestations possibly related to COVID-19. We found six patients with acral erythema-edema (pseudo-chilblain), four patients with maculopapular exanthemas, two patients with urticarial lesions, one patient with livedo reticularis-like lesions, and one patient with vesicular eruption.
Successful return to professional men's football (soccer) competition after the COVID-19 shutdown: a cohort study in the German Bundesliga	Meyer,  T,  Mack, et al	Br J Sports Med	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Immunology | Immunologie	The objective of this study was to evaluate the restart of the German Bundesliga (soccer) during the COVID-19 pandemic from a medical perspective. Of 1702 regularly tested individuals, 8 players and 4 officials tested positive during one of the first rounds of PCR testing prior to the onset of team training, 2 players during the third round. No further positive results occurred during the remainder of the season. Nine players seroconverted from negative/borderline to positive (without symptoms); two players who initially tested positive tested negative at the end of the season. 22 players remained seropositive throughout the season. None of the seroconversions was confirmed in the neutralisation test.
32649426; Initial Results of the Use of a Standardized Diagnostic Criteria for Chest Computed Tomography Findings in Coronavirus Disease 2019	Miranda Magalhães Santos,  JM,  Paula Alves Fonseca, et al	Journal of computer assisted tomography	Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	The objective of this study was to assess the initial results of chest computed tomography (CT) standardized diagnostic criteria proposed by the Radiological Society of North America in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) compared with reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Chest CT diagnostic criteria obtained a sensitivity of 83%, a specificity of 97%, an accuracy of 91%, a positive predictive value of 97%, and a negative predictive value of 86%.
Employment effects of COVID-19 across Chilean regions: An application of the translog cost function	Modrego,  F,  Canales, et al	Regional Science Policy and Practice	Economics | Économie	This article provides a preliminary forecast of the regional employment effects of COVID-19 across Chilean regions. The total estimated loss in the average scenario was around 705,000 jobs (577,000 in the optimistic and 870,000 in the pessimistic scenarios).
Weakly-Supervised Network for Detection of COVID-19 in Chest CT Scans	Mohammed,  A,  Wang, et al	IEEE Access	Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	In this paper, we propose an end-to-end weakly-supervised COVID-19 detection approach, ResNext+, that only requires volume level data labels and can provide slice level prediction for CT diagnosis. Experimental results, obtained from publicly available datasets, show a precision of 81.9% and F1 score of 81.4%.
Susceptibility of the Iranian population to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection based on variants of angiotensin i converting enzyme 2	Mohebbi,  A,  Askari, et al	Future Virology	Clinical data| Données cliniques Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	The objective of this study was to evaluate the affinity of SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein to the Iranian genetic variants of ACE2. Single nucleotide polymorphisms of ACE2 among the Iranian population were collected from the Iranome database. Missense mutations in the N-terminal peptidase domain were selected for in silico analysis. 17 missense single nucleotide polymorphisms were found at ACE2. Viral glycoprotein had the lowest affinity to ACE2 mutant V485L. The V485L variant of ACE2 could be a natural resistance mutation among the Iranian population.
Hamster and ferret experimental infection with intranasal low dose of a single strain of SARS-CoV-2	Monchatre-Leroy,  Elodie,  Lesellier, et al	bioRxiv	Clinical data| Données cliniques Immunology | Immunologie Animal model | Modèle animal	This study describes SARS-CoV-2 intra-nasal infection in ferrets and hamsters with low doses of low-passage SARS-CoV-2, describing infection levels, excretion, immune responses and pathological patterns in both animal species. Individual infection with 103 pfu SARS-CoV-2 induced a more severe disease in hamsters than in ferrets. Viral RNA was detected in the lungs of hamsters but not of ferrets and in the brain (olfactive and/or spinal bulbs) of both species. Overall, the clinical disease remained mild, with serological responses detected from 7 days and 10 days post inoculation in hamsters and ferrets respectively. Virus became undetectable and pathology resolved within 14 days.
32818577; The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on hand hygiene performance in hospitals	Moore,  LD,  Robbins, et al	American Journal of Infection Control	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	The objective of this study was to examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on hand hygiene performance (HHP) rates in acute care hospitals. Average HHP rates increased from 46% to 56% in the months preceding pandemic-related school closures. This was followed by a 6% upward shift at the time school closures occurred. HHP rates remained over 60% for 4 weeks before declining to 54% at the end of the study period.
Exploratory study of the hoaxes spread through WhatsApp in Spain to prevent or cure COVID-19	Moreno-Castro,  C,  Vengut-Climent, et al	Gaceta Sanitaria	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The objective of this study was to review the hoaxes’ characteristics spread through WhatsApp in Spain during COVID-19 lockdown and identify what kind of substances were promoted for consumption or application. From 584 hoaxes, a sub-sample of 126 was selected, exclusively related to the object of study, and a content analysis table with fourteen registration fields was applied. In the majority, the acting subject was presented as medical personnel (36.5%) or as an anonymous person (30.9%). One out of five false health claims received was about prevention or cure of the coronavirus, based on the principle of medical authority, and basically promoting the use and consumption of substances of natural origin.
Comparison of COVID-19 disease between young and elderly patients: Hidden viral shedding of COVID-19	Mori,  H,  Obinata, et al	Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical manifestation and disease duration in young versus elderly patients. The numbers of asymptomatic cases and severe cases were significantly higher in the elderly group. There was no significant difference in the total CT score and number of abnormal cases. A significant positive correlation between the disease duration and patient age was observed in asymptomatic patients.
Characteristics, laboratories, and prognosis of severe COVID-19 in the Tokyo metropolitan area: A retrospective case series	Mori,  S,  Ai, et al	PLoS One	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	In this study, we analyzed the cases of COVID-19 patients admitted to our institution located in the Tokyo metropolitan area. A total of 45 COVID-19 patients were included, consisting of 22 severe cases (Group S) and 23 mild cases (Group M). Male sex, high body mass index, and hyperlipidemia were more seen in Group S. As of June 28th, 2020, in Group S, 19 (86.4%) patients have survived. Three died of multiple organ failure. All 23 patients in Group M have recovered
Social Distancing Metrics and Estimates of SARS-CoV-2 Transmission Rates: Associations Between Mobile Telephone Data Tracking and R	Morley,  CP,  Anderson, et al	J Public Health Manag Pract	Transmission Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	Daily estimates of reproduction value (R(t)) were calculated and compared with measures of social distancing as determined by mobile telephone tracking data made publicly available by Unacast. Measurements for distance, visitation, and encounters were each predictors of R(t) for the following week in the 8 counties surrounding the city of Syracuse, New York that were investigated. Unacast represents county-level performance as ordinal A through F grades. Mean R(t) drops when overall distancing grades move from D+ to C-.
Sensitive Detection of SARS-CoV-2-Specific Antibodies in Dried Blood Spot Samples	Morley,  GL,  Taylor, et al	Emerg Infect Dis	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	Dried blood spot (DBS) samples can be used for the detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 spike antibodies. DBS sampling is comparable to matched serum samples with a relative 98.1% sensitivity and 100% specificity. Thus, DBS sampling offers an alternative for population-wide serologic testing in the coronavirus pandemic.
Convolutional Neural Network Based Classification of Patients with Pneumonia using X-ray Lung Images	Moujahid,  H,  Cherradi, et al	Advances in Science, Technology and Engineering Systems	Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	We propose an implementation a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)-based classification models using transfer learning technique to perform pneumonia detection and compare the results in order to detect the best model for the task according to certain parameters. We perform a deep performance and analysis based on accuracy and loss function of implemented models.
SARS-CoV-2 N protein antagonizes type I interferon signaling by suppressing phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of STAT1 and STAT2	Mu,  J,  Fang, et al	Cell Discovery	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	Our study uncovers for the first time the mechanism by which SARS-CoV-2 evades IFN response, and demonstrates N protein as the SARS-CoV-2-encoded IFN antagonist, which may represent a promising target for antiviral intervention.
COVID-19 in a patient with end-stage renal disease on chronic in-center hemodialysis after evidence of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies. Reinfection or inaccuracy of antibody testing	Munoz Mendoza,  J,  Alcaide, et al	IDCases	Clinical data| Données cliniques Immunology | Immunologie	A patient with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis with a previous positive SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody was diagnosed with severe COVID-19. Issues regarding reinfection, the potential lack of antibody protection after asymptomatic infection, the possibility of antibody dependent enhancement and careful interpretation of antibody test results are discussed.
Dynamical behavior and sensitivity analysis of a delayed coronavirus epidemic model	Naveed,  M,  Baleanu, et al	Computers, Materials and Continua	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	The present work describes mathematical formulation for the transmission mechanism of a novel coronavirus (COVID-19). Due to the unavailability of vaccines for the coronavirus worldwide, delay factors such as social distance, quarantine, travel restrictions, extended holidays, hospitalization, and isolation have contributed to controlling the coronavirus epidemic. If we use delay tactics about one hundred and forty-three days symptomatic infected ultimately moves to zero.
Sensitivity of point-of-care IgM and IgG test in critically ill patients with SARS-Cov-2	Nguyen,  LS,  Laghlam, et al	Crit Care	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	Assessed sensitivity of a point-of-care serology test (POCST) regarding SARS-Cov-2, in ICU patients presenting severe SARS-Cov-2 infection. ICU patients, sensitivity of POCST was similar to specifications provided by the manufacturer. Variables associated with negative results were age and delay between onset and POCST.
Prevalence of mucocutaneous manifestations, oral and palmoplantar findings in 666 patients with COVID-19 in a field hospital in Spain	Nuno-Gonzalez,  A,  Martin-Carrillo, et al	Br J Dermatol	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Almost half of patients (45.65%) presenting with mild to moderate COVID-19 that were admitted in a field-hospital during a two-week period show mucocutaneous manifestations.
32935787; Imputation method to reduce undetected severe acute respiratory infection cases during the coronavirus disease outbreak in Brazil	Oliveira,  SB,  Ganem, et al	Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Surveillance	INTRODUCTION: The coronavirus disease (COVD-19) outbreak has overburdened the surveillance of severe acute respiratory infections (SARIs), including the laboratory network. This study was aimed at correcting the absence of laboratory results of reported SARI deaths. METHODS: The imputation method was applied for SARI deaths without laboratory information using clinico-epidemiological characteristics. RESULTS: Of 84,449 SARI deaths, 51% were confirmed with COVID-19 while 3% with other viral respiratory diseases. After the imputation method, 95% of deaths were reclassified as COVID-19 while 5% as other viral respiratory diseases. CONCLUSIONS: The imputation method was a useful and robust solution (sensitivity and positive predictive value of 98%) for missing values through clinical & epidemiological characteristics.
Response to a cluster of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 cases at a diagnostic laboratory	Opperman,  CJ,  Marais, et al	African Journal of Laboratory Medicine	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Transmission Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI)	Report on the first documented cluster of COVID-19 cases amongst diagnostic laboratory staff and outline some of the initial and ongoing steps that are being implemented to manage and prevent the spread of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in our laboratory.  multifaceted strategic approach was adopted to halt the spread of SARS-CoV-2 in our laboratory. Interventions focused on simultaneously establishing appropriate risk mitigation and stratification strategies through the upscaling of infection prevention and control measures, whilst minimising disruption to service delivery. Conclusion: Laboratory Coronavirus Disease 2019 outbreaks have the potential to cripple a laboratory's testing capacity.
Parkinson's Disease Symptoms Have a Distinct Impact on Caregivers' and Patients' Stress: A Study Assessing the Consequences of the COVID-19 Lockdown	Oppo,  V,  Serra, et al	Movement Disorders Clinical Practice	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	Prospective study of Parkinson's disease patients and caregiver stress during the last 10 days of  COVID-19 lockdown in Italy.
Evidences of SARS-CoV-2 virus air transmission indoors using several untouched surfaces: A pilot study	Orenes-Piñero,  E,  Baño, et al	Science of the Total Environment	Transmission Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI)	The aim of this study was to determine aerosol transmission from patients with coronavirus infection using “COVID-19 traps” that included different untouched surfaces within them. None of the samples placed in the ICU unit were positive for COVID-19. However, two surfaces, placed in a room with a patient that required the use of respiratory assistance were positive for coronavirus at 72 h.
The COUGHVID crowdsourcing dataset: A corpus for the study of large-scale cough analysis algorithms	Orlandic,  Lara,  Teijeiro, et al	arXiv	Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	Cough audio signal classification has been successfully used to diagnose a variety of respiratory conditions,. The authors explore the possibility of leveraging Machine Learning (ML) to provide widespread COVID-19 screening using the COUGHVID dataset.
Role of screening for COVID-19 in hemodialysis wards, results of a single center study	Ossareh,  S,  Bagheri, et al	Iranian Journal of Kidney Diseases	Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI) Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	Present the results of a screening program implied after outbreak of COVID-19 in a referral hemodialysis ward, in Iran.
Poor appetite and overeating reported by adults in Australia during the COVID-19 pandemic: A population-based study	Owen,  AJ,  Tran, et al	Public Health Nutr	Public Health Priorities| Priorités de santé publique Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	Reports the effect of the COVID-19 lockdown on appetite and overeating in Australian adults during the first month of emergency measures. The weighted prevalence of being bothered by poor appetite or overeating in the previous  two weeks was 53.6%, with 11.6% [95% confidence interval (CI): 10.6 - 12.6] of the cohort reporting poor appetite or overeating nearly every day. High levels of anxiety, concern about contracting COVID-19, being in lockdown with children and reporting a severe impact of the lockdown were associated with increased odds of poor appetite or overeating.
SARS-CoV-2 Infection Among Hospitalized Pregnant Women: Reasons for Admission and Pregnancy Characteristics - Eight U.S. Health Care Centers, March 1-May 30, 2020	Panagiotakopoulos,  L,  Myers, et al	MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	Prevalence of prepregnancy obesity and gestational diabetes were higher among pregnant women hospitalized for COVID-19–related illness (e.g., worsening respiratory status) than among those admitted for pregnancy-related treatment or procedures (e.g., delivery) and found to have COVID-19. Intensive care was required for 30% (13 of 43) of pregnant women admitted for COVID-19, and one pregnant woman died from COVID-19.
32803786; Recognizable vascular skin manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) infection are uncommon in patients with darker skin phototypes	Pangti,  R,  Gupta, et al	Clinical and experimental dermatology	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	A prospective study to report the prevalence and patterns of cutaneous manifestations in patients with COVID‐19 from India.
PMC7413068; A deep learning and grad-CAM based color visualization approach for fast detection of COVID-19 cases using chest X-ray and CT-Scan images	Panwar,  H,  Gupta, et al	Chaos Solitons Fractals	Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	Propose a deep transfer learning algorithm that accelerates the detection of COVID-19 cases by using X-ray and CT-Scan images of the chest and Grad-CAM based color visualization approach.  The proposed deep learning model can detect the COVID-19 positive cases in  ≤  2 seconds (more rapid than RT-PCR), and explores the pattern between Pneumonia and COVID-19 radiology images.
Liquid-based cytological and immunohistochemical study of nasopharyngeal swab from persons under investigation for SARS-CoV-2 infection	Parada,  DD,  Peña, et al	Histopathology	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Describe cytologic and immunohistologic findings in virus transport medium on cases under investigation of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. The analysis reports SARS‐CoV‐2 predominantly localizes squamous cells in cytology samples of patients with RT‐PCR positive determination of SARS-CoV‐2.
The natural way forward: Molecular dynamics simulation analysis of phytochemicals from Indian medicinal plants as potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 targets	Parida,  PK,  Paul, et al	Phytother Res	Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	Explores phytochemicals as potential inhibitors for SARS‐CoV‐2 by performing all atom molecular dynamics simulations using high performance computing for 8 rationally screened phytochemicals from Withania somnifera and Azadirachta indica and two repurposed drugs docked with the spike glycoprotein and the main protease of SARS‐CoV‐2.
32937590; Acetylated K676 TGFBIp as a severity diagnostic blood biomarker for SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia	Park,  HH,  Kim, et al	Science advances	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	Investigate biomarkers that can accurately discern the severity of COVID-19 disease and be a potential therapeutic target for severely symptomatic patients. The analysis suggest the increased level of TGFBIp K676Ac in ICU patients to be a reliable severity diagnostic biomarker for severe SARS-CoV-2 disease.
Characterization of Genome Sequence 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by using BioinformaticTool	Parmin,  NA,  Hashim, et al		Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	A total of 100-nucleotide segment-based homology studies reveal the majority of the SARS-CoV-2 genome segments are close to Bat CoV, followed by some to Pangolin CoV, and some are unique ones. Open pan-genome of genus Betacoronavirus members indicates the diversity contributed by the novel viruses emerging in this group.
32893073; Convulsive status epilepticus as a possible symptom of COVID-19 in a patient with intellectual disability and autistic spectrum disorder	Peña-Salazar,  C,  López Cuiña, et al	Neurologia	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Present the case of a 37-year-old COVID-19 patient with a medical history of bilateral ulnar nerve neuropathy and recurrent pneumonias.
32918984; Trajectories of vital signs in patients with COVID-19	Pimentel,  MAF,  Redfern, et al	Resuscitation	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	The aim of this study was to model changes in vital signs for patients hospitalised with COVID-19. This was a retrospective observational study of adult patients with COVID-19 admitted to one acute hospital trust in the UK (CV) and a cohort of patients admitted to the same hospital between 2013-2017 with viral pneumonia (VI).  There were 497 cases of COVID-19, of whom 373 had been discharged from hospital. 135 (36.2%) of patients experienced the primary outcome, of whom 99 died in hospital. In-hospital mortality was over 4-times higher in the CV than the VI cohort (26.5% vs 6%). Patients with COVID-19 who deteriorate in hospital experience rapidly-worsening respiratory failure, with low SpO2 and high FiO2, but only minor abnormalities in other vital signs.
32917434; Brain inflammatory thrombogenic vasculopathy related with SARS-CoV-2 infection	Porta-Etessam,  J,  Yus, et al	Neurologia	Clinical data| Données cliniques	We report a 70-years-old man with subacute encephalopathy due to a multiple brain acute vascular lesions presumably related with CoviD-19 vasculopathy. We present a 70-year-old man with a diagnosis of Bence-Jones light chain disease that was admitted to hospital at the end of March complained about fever and cough.  We propose that every patient with encephalopathy, acute neurological non focal symptoms or post-intensive-care syndrome should be studied to rule out a microvascular damage.
Control Intervention Strategies for Within-Host, Between-Host and their Efficacy in the Treatment, Spread of COVID-19 : A Multi Scale Modeling Approach	Prakash D,  Bhanu,  Vamsi, et al	arXiv	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	In this work we propose and study a multi scale model linking both within-host and between-host dynamics of COVID-19. Initially the natural history dealing with the disease dynamics is studied. Later, comparative effectiveness is performed to understand the efficacy of both the within-host and population level interventions. Findings of this study suggest that a combined strategy involving treatment with drugs such as Arbidol, remdesivir, Lopinavir/Ritonavir that inhibits viral replication and immunotherapies like monoclonal antibodies, along with environmental hygiene and generalized social distancing proved to be the best and optimal in reducing the basic reproduction number and environmental spread of the virus at the population level.
Effects of Prolonged Use of Facemask on Healthcare Workers in Tertiary Care Hospital During COVID-19 Pandemic	Purushothaman,  PK,  Priyangha, et al	Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery	Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI) Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	The fundamental aim of this study is to determine the effects of prolonged usage of N95 respirators and surgical facemasks amid health care workers in our institution. Cross-sectional study. SRM medical college hospital, Kattankulathur. A self-constructed questionnaire containing 20 queries regarding the effects of prolonged use of face masks, after being analysed by the experts of our institution were handed over to 250 participants. All participants wore either surgical masks or N95 respirators for a minimum of 4 h per day. People aged between 20 and 48 years were selected for this study. Study period was from 20/07/2020 to 26/07/2020. Completed questionnaires were sent for statistical analysis. A total of 250 healthcare workers participated in the study, out of which 179 were females. The acquired results were excessive sweating around the mouth accounting to 67.6%, difficulty in breathing on exertion 58.2%, acne 56.0% and itchy nose 52.0%. This study suggests that prolonged use of facemasks induces difficulty in breathing on exertion and excessive sweating around the mouth to the healthcare workers which results in poorer adherence and increased risk of susceptibility to infection.
The influencing factors of interprovincial transmission and development of COVID-19: Data analysis based on 30 provinces and cities in China	Qi,  C,  Yang, et al	Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University (Medical Sciences)	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	To explore the factors affecting the interprovincial transmission and development of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China, with a view to providing recommendations for the formulation of preventive and control measures according to the actual conditions in different regions during the outbreak of the severe infectious disease. We collected the total number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 in 30 provinces and cities in China by the end of 24:00 February 25, 2020. Then we also collected the distance from each region to Hubei province, the proportion of population moving out from Wuhan city from January 1 to January 23, population density, urban population, traffic passenger volume, passenger turnover volume and other relevant data of each region. Pearson bivariate correlation and linear fitting regression method were adopted to analyze the effects of population migration, transportation, economy and other factors on the transmission and development of COVID-19 in different regions. GDP and the proportion of population moving out from Wuhan city had the greatest impact on the stage with the most of imported cases. The imported cases, the proportion of population moving out from Wuhan and the urban population had the greatest impact on the stage with the most of secondary cases.
Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratios Are Closely Associated With the Severity and Course of Non-mild COVID-19	Qun,  S,  Wang, et al	Frontiers in Immunology	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Immunology | Immunologie	Conducted an in-depth analysis to clarify some of the pathological mechanisms of the disease and identify simple measures to predict its severity early on. A total of 230 patients with non-mild COVID-19 were recruited, and information on their clinical characteristics, inflammatory cytokines, and T lymphocyte subsets was collected. Risk factors for severity were analyzed by binary logistic regression, and the associations of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios (N/LRs) with illness severity, disease course, CT grading, inflammatory cytokines, and T lymphocyte subsets were evaluated.  Our results showed that the N/LRs were closely related to interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-10 (P < 0.001, P = 0.024) and to CD3+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes (P < 0.001, P = 0.046). As a quick and convenient marker of inflammation, N/LRs may predict the disease course and severity level of non-mild COVID-19; male sex, cardiovascular disease, and pulse are also risk factors for the severity of non-mild COVID-19.
Predicting COVID-19 Preventive Behaviors based on Protection Motivation Theory in Hormozgan, Iran	Rad,  Roghayeh Ezati,  Takhti, et al	Research Square prepub	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The present research aimed to predict the preventive behaviors of COVID-19 in the light of the Protection Motivation Theory (PMT). The present cross-sectional research was conducted in 2 months (March 2020-April 2020) in Hormozgan Province of Iran. Participants received an online questionnaire survey in two parts, demographic information along with PMT constructs. A total number of 2,032 subjects participated in this research, the mean age of whom was 34.84±9.8 (R=15-98). Statistically significant positive correlation coefficients were estimated between preventive behaviors of COVID-19 and perceived vulnerability (r=0.192, p<0.001), perceived severity (r=0.092, p<0.001), response efficacy (r=0.398, p<0.001) ,self efficacy (r=0.497, p<0.001) and protection motivation (r=0.595, p<0.001). The present findings showed that maladaptive behavior reward and fear predicted protective behaviors negatively; response efficacy and self-efficacy predicted protective behaviors positively.
Radiographic and clinical neurologic manifestations of COVID-19 related hypoxemia	Radnis,  C,  Qiu, et al	Journal of the neurological sciences	Clinical data| Données cliniques	The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 is known to cause hypoxemia and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in a significant portion of those with severe disease. Survivors of critical illness and ARDS often experience neurocognitive impairment but, to date, there is scant literature correlating radiographic hypoxic brain injury to hypoxemia related to ARDS. In this case series, we describe three cases of hypoxic brain injury seen on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with hypoxemia secondary to COVID-19-related ARDS. The lack of severe observed hypoxemia in two of the cases suggests that unrecognized or asymptomatic hypoxemia may play a role in hypoxic brain injury related to COVID-19. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.
The impact of social stratification on morbidity during the COVID-19 pandemic	Raghunath,  N,  Tan, et al	International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	We argue that social stratification remains relevant in understanding differentials in health during a pandemic, as countries globally have encouraged or enforced social distancing and remote work measures. By examining data sources and news reports on the COVID-19 pandemic, we aim to highlight the relationship between SES and morbidity, through the ability to adopt social distancing measures and work remotely. The linear regression models suggest a positive moderate and significant correlation between median income and social distancing index (R2 = 0.4981, p-value < 0.001), and a positive weak and significant correlation between median income and remote work (R2 = 0.2460, p-value < 0.001).  Governments need to account for SES in policymaking to reduce inequalities in health.
Conduct of virtual neurology DM final examination during COVID-19 pandemic	Rajan,  RM,  Radhakrishnan, et al	Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	Medical training programs are witnessing immense disruptions worldwide due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Keeping in mind the trainees' future prospects, it is important to provide continuity of teaching and timely certification assessments. Overcoming the obstacles to routine functioning presented by SARS-CoV-2 spread, we recently conducted the DM Neurology exit examination in a hybrid virtual format. We created a curated case repository with history and clinical examination findings followed by structured questions that could be built upon for case discussions. The external examiners assessed the candidates virtually through a video conferencing platform. The end results were well accepted by all key stake holders. The concerns, logistics and experience of conducting the DM Neurology exit exam in a virtual format are summarized here. © 2020 Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications. All rights reserved.
Pandemic programming: How COVID-19 affects software developers and how their organizations can help	Ralph,  P,  Baltes, et al	Empirical Software Engineering	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study investigates the effects of the pandemic on developers’ wellbeing and productivity. A questionnaire survey was created mainly from existing, validated scales and translated into 12 languages. The data was analyzed using non-parametric inferential statistics and structural equation modeling.  The questionnaire received 2225 usable responses from 53 countries. Confirmatory results include: (1) the pandemic has had a negative effect on developers’ wellbeing and productivity; (2) productivity and wellbeing are closely related; (3) disaster preparedness, fear related to the pandemic and home office ergonomics all affect wellbeing or productivity. Exploratory analysis suggests that: (1) women, parents and people with disabilities may be disproportionately affected; (2) different people need different kinds of support.
Pattern of acute MI admissions in India during COVID-19 era: A Cardiological Society of India study - Rationale and design	Ramakrishnan,  S,  Jabir, et al	Indian heart journal	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	In this multicentric, retrospective, cross-sectional study, we included all AMI cases admitted to participating hospitals during the study period 15th March to 15th June 2020 and compared them using a historical control of all cases of AMI admitted during the corresponding period in the year 2019. Major objective of the study is to analyze the changes in the number of hospital admissions for AMI in hospitals across India. In addition, we intend to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on the weekly AMI admission rates, and other performance measures like rates of thrombolysis/primary percutaneous interventions (PCI), window period, door to balloon time, and door to needle time. This CSI-AMI study will provide scientific evidence about the impact of COVID-19 on AMI care in India. Based on this study, we may be able to suggest appropriate changes to the existing MI guidelines and to educate the public regarding emergency care for AMI during COVID-19 pandemic.
Quantitative CT Extent of Lung Damage in COVID-19 Pneumonia Is an Independent Risk Factor for Inpatient Mortality in a Population of Cancer Patients: A Prospective Study	Ramtohul,  T,  Cabel, et al	Frontiers in Oncology	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	The main goal of this study was to evaluate the prognostic role of quantitative assessment of the extent of lung damage for early mortality of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia in cancer patients. We prospectively included consecutive cancer patients with recent onset of COVID-19 pneumonia assessed by chest CT between March 15, 2020, and April 20, 2020, and followed until May 1, 2020. Demographic, clinical, laboratory test data and imaging findings were recorded. Quantitative chest CT assessment of COVID-19 pneumonia was based on the density distribution of lung lesions using a freely available software recently released (Myrian XP-Lung). Seventy cancer patients with chest CT evidence of COVID-19 were included. After a median follow-up of 25 days, 17 patients (24%) had died. The median quantitative chest CT extent of COVID-19 was 20% (IQR = 14–35, range = 3–59) for non-survivors vs. 10% (IQR = 6–15, range = 2–55) for survivors (p = 0.002). The extent of COVID-19 pneumonia was correlated with inpatient management (p = 0.003) and oxygen therapy requirements (p < 0.001).  The quantitative chest CT extent of COVID-19 pneumonia was a strong independent prognostic factor of early inpatient mortality in a population of cancer patients.
Impact of ongoing COVID-19 pandemic on cytology: An institutional experience	Rana,  C,  Kumar, et al	Diagn Cytopathol	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	The present study documents an institutional experience on its impact on cytology services. The cytology samples received during lock down period in India (24 March to 17 May 2020) were analysis and compared to the samples received during the same time frame in year 2019. The data revealed an overall 92.6% reduction in cytology samples received. All sample types were reduced with a statically significant reduction in thyroid cytology samples (P-value: .023).
32918944; SARS-CoV-2 host tropism: An in silico analysis of the main cellular factors	Rangel,  HR,  Ortega, et al	BMJ Global Health	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	In this study, we used several bioinformatics approaches to bring clues in the interaction of ACE2, TMPRSS2, and GRP78 with SARS-CoV-2. We selected several mammalian hosts that could play a key role in viral spread by acting as secondary hosts (cats, dogs, pigs, mice, and ferrets) and evaluated their predicted permissiveness by in silico analysis. Results showed that ionic pairs (salt bridges, N–O pair, and long-range interactions) produced between ACE2 and the viral spike has an essential function in the host interaction. On the other hand, TMPRSS2 and GRP78 are proteins with high homology in all the evaluated hosts. Thus, these proteins do not seem to play a role in host selectivity, suggesting that other factors may play a role in the non-permissivity in some of these hosts.
32924762; Analysis of Glucose Levels in Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19 During the First Phase of This Pandemic in West Texas	Rao,  S,  Ali, et al	Journal of Primary Care and Community Health	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	The Infectious Disease and Control office at University Medical Center in Lubbock, Texas, provided a list of patients with a COVID-19 infection hospitalized between March 1 and May 15, 2020. The medical records were reviewed to collect information on age, gender, history of diabetes, and glucose levels on admission and through the first 7 days of hospitalization.  This study included 63 patients with a mean age of 62.1 ± 14.1 years. Thirty-five patients (55.6%) were males. The in-hospital mortality rate was 30.2%. The mean admission glucose level was 129.4 ± 57.1 mg/dL in patients who survived (N = 47) and 189.6 ± 112.2 mg/dL in patients who died during hospitalization (N = 16, P =.007).  Patients who died during hospitalization for COVID-19 had higher admission glucose levels than patients who survived. Larger differences between maximum and minimum glucose levels during the first 7 days of hospitalization were associated with increased mortality.
An Applied Research-Based Approach to Support Chemistry Teachers during the COVID-19 Pandemic	Rap,  S,  Feldman-Maggor, et al	Journal of chemical education	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The goal of the current study is to provide a research-based response that focused on teachers’ needs for using technology to teach chemistry well. An anonymous online questionnaire, was distributed in several Israeli high-school chemistry teachers’ social networks. A total of 193 teachers, who represent about 25% of the highschool chemistry teachers in Israel, completed the questionnaire. Teachers reported that they utilized three main learning environments that they were currently using for online teaching: 85% used platforms for synchronous teaching (e.g., Zoom); 52% used platforms for asynchronous teaching (e.g., Moodle, a course website). Therefore, we addressed both of these online teaching approaches as well as various communication technologies (e.g., WhatsApp messages, emails) that 88% of the teachers used for sending assignments. Most of the teachers reported negative attitudes regarding the shift to online teaching and a low ability to apply essential pedagogical skills regarding the use of technology for teaching. Different advantages of using technology in chemistry education were supported by the research7,17,18 and applied in high schools; this was reflected in a teachers’ survey regarding their use of technology even before the COVID-19 pandemic. The current situation led to implementing more technological tools by more chemistry teachers. Our research identified the knowledge Israeli chemistry teachers needed at the beginning of the remote teaching period after only 1 week of teaching.
Does COVID-19 outbreak cause spot electricity price discovery in India?	Rath,  BN,  Akram, et al	Journal of Public Affairs	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique Economics | Économie	This paper aims to investigate whether COVID-19 pandemic causes the spot electricity price discovery of the Indian electricity market. To do so, we use the average daily spot electricity price data for five regions of the Indian electricity market (North, East, West, South, and North-East). The data is considered from March 15, 2020 to May 02, 2020. The results obtained from cross-sectional augmented Im, Pesaran and Shin (CIPS) unit root test show the stationary of spot electricity price and COVID-19 at the level. Additionally, we use the Dumitrescu–Hurlin (DH) panel causality test to examine the causality between spot electricity price and COVID-19. The results reveal the unidirectional causality which is running from COVID-19 to the spot electricity price discovery but no other way around. Our findings suggests to the policymakers that across different regions of India (North, East, West, South, and North-East), the ongoing coronavirus outbreak will further disrupt the electricity market. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd
32881304; Coagulation biomarkers are independent predictors of increased oxygen requirements in COVID-19	Rauch,  A,  Labreuche, et al	Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis	Clinical data| Données cliniques Immunology | Immunologie	We assessed whether coagulation biomarkers, including factor VIII (FVIII) and von Willebrand factor (VWF) levels, measured at time of admission, were predictive of COVID‐19 adverse outcomes irrespective of age and major comorbidities associated with metabolic syndrome. Blood was sampled at admission in 243 adult COVID‐19 patients for analysis of coagulation biomarkers including FVIII and VWF on platelet‐poor plasma. In univariable regression analysis increased CRP (subdistribution hazard ratio [SHR], 1.68; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.26‐2.23), increased fibrinogen (SHR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.04‐1.68), and decreased FVIII/VWF:Ag ratio (SHR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.52‐0.96) levels at admission were significantly associated with the risk of increased oxygen requirement during follow‐up. Coagulation biomarkers are early and independent predictors of increased oxygen requirement in COVID‐19 patients.
32858092; Availability of personal protective equipment and infection prevention supplies during the first month of the COVID-19 pandemic: A national study by the APIC COVID-19 task force	Rebmann,  T,  Vassallo, et al	American Journal of Infection Control	Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI) Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	Soon after SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19 disease, was declared a pandemic on March 11, 2020, anecdotal reports indicated that many US hospitals and healthcare facilities were running low on personal protective equipment (PPE) and supplies. An online survey was administered to all Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology members in March 2020, to assess access to PPE, hand hygiene products, and disinfection supplies. Findings from the study indicated that many US healthcare facilities reported having very low amounts of PPE, hand hygiene products, and disinfection supplies early on during the pandemic. Face shields and N95 respirators were the least available PPE reported. A lack of PPE can lead to occupational exposures and illness as well as healthcare-associated transmission of COVID-19 and other diseases.
A putative prophylactic solution for COVID‐19: Development of novel multiepitope vaccine candidate against sars‐cov‐2 by comprehensive immunoinformatic and molecular modelling approach	Rehman,  HM,  Mirza, et al	Biology	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Vaccine Research| Recherche sur les vaccins Immunology | Immunologie	The current study demonstrated a comprehensive in silico strategy to design stable multiepitope vaccine construct (MVC) from B‐cell and T‐cell epitopes of essential SARS‐CoV‐2 proteins with the help of adjuvants and linkers. The integrated molecular dynamics simulations analysis revealed the stability of MVC and its interaction with human Toll‐like receptors (TLRs), which trigger an innate and adaptive immune response. Later, the in silico cloning in a known pET28a vector system also estimated the possibility of MVC expression in Escherichia coli. Despite that this study lacks validation of this vaccine construct in terms of its efficacy, the current integrated strategy encompasses the initial multiple epitope vaccine design concepts. After validation, this MVC can be present as a better prophylactic solution against COVID‐19.
Covid-19 Demographics from a Tertiary Care Center: Does It Depreciate Quality-of-Life?	Revathishree,  K,  Shyam Sudhakar, et al	Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery	Clinical data| Données cliniques Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	In our study, we describe clinical features, and demographics of patients presenting to our tertiary care center with Covid–19 infection. Global burden was around 14 million Covid-19 positive cases with .5 million deaths and rising as per WHO update. A descriptive analytical cross-sectional study was carried out from June 1st to 30th, 2020 in a tertiary care center. Patients who tested positive by Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase chain reaction were included in the study and clinical characteristics and outcome of the patients were analyzed along with impact on quality-of-life. Clinical outcomes of above patients showed complication rate 5.2%, mortality rate .8%, with discharge and recovery rate being rate 94.8% and 96% respectively. Fear of COVID-19 scale was used to assess quality-of-life impact. We found throat pain was the most common symptom in our study.
32893070; Therapeutic attitudes towards multiple sclerosis in Central America and the Caribbean facing the SARS-CoV-2 pandemia	Rivera,  VM,  Gracia, et al	Neurologia	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	Article in Spanish. A survey specially designed to study attitudes and therapeutic decisions was distributed among 93 professionals identified in the region. All MS patients cared for by these professionals were in home confinement by government ordinance until the date of this correspondence issued during the second week of May 2020. Interestingly, this group showed a great openness to the continuation of use theoretical treatment of all categories, including high risk. Six patients were reported with relapses and all were treated with corticosteroids. Other comments from the group suggest a tendency to individualize each case, while local conditions are not considered for treatment decisions. This study reflects realistic attitudes and therapeutic decisions of neurologists treating MS in a region of Latin America with low frequencies of the disease, but facing great challenges in acquisition and access to therapies, and now facing another challenge in the form of the SARS pandemic. -CoV-2, which continues to increase in the area.
A Democratic Emergency After a Health Emergency? Exposure to COVID-19, Perceived Economic Threat and Support for Anti-Democratic Political Systems	Roccato,  M,  Cavazza, et al	Social Science Quarterly	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	Objectives: The urgency of the COVID-19 pandemic has led governments to impose restrictions on individual freedom and required citizens to comply with these restrictions. In addition, lockdowns related to COVID-19 have led to a significant economic crisis. We aimed to study how the pandemic and related economic threats have impacted support for anti-democratic political systems. Method: We analyzed data from a quota panel of the Italian adult population (N = 1,195), surveyed once before and once during the pandemic. Results: A hierarchical regression model showed that exposure to COVID-19 and perceived economic insecurity were associated with support for anti-democratic political systems, independent of participants’ predispositions toward a strong leader. Conclusion: An authoritarian personality is not a necessary precondition for individual anti-democracy: when facing severe personal threats, anyone could restore a subjective sense of control over the social world by becoming anti-democratic, independent of their initial predisposition to support anti-democratic political systems. © 2020 by the Southwestern Social Science Association
Changing Courses in Midstream: COVID-19 and the Transition to Online Delivery in Two Undergraduate Chemistry Courses	Rodríguez Núñez,  J,  Leeuwner, et al	Journal of chemical education	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The University of British Columbia shifted their instruction to online delivery during the COVID-19 pandemic. This communication describes the foundational principles used in two courses: first-year Introductory Chemistry and upper-year Materials Chemistry, to navigate this transition. The authors outline their efforts to apply these principles effectively in the context of the differing logistical needs. Student perceptions obtained from course-specific survey data collected at the end of the January-April 2020 term. Lastly, this work summarizes our plans for remote content delivery in the fall of 2020.
Steering a Historical Disease Forecasting Model Under a Pandemic: Case of Flu and COVID-19	Rodriguez,  Alexander,  Muralidhar, et al	arXiv	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	Forecasting influenza in a timely manner aids health organizations and policymakers in adequate preparation and decision making. However, effective influenza forecasting still remains a challenge despite increasing research interest. It is even more challenging amidst the COVID pandemic, when the influenza-like illness (ILI) counts is affected by various factors such as symptomatic similarities with COVID-19 and shift in healthcare seeking patterns of the general population. We term the ILI values observed when it is potentially affected as COVID-ILI. Under the current pandemic, historical influenza models carry valuable expertise about the disease dynamics but face difficulties adapting. Therefore, we propose CALI-NET, a neural transfer learning architecture which allows us to 'steer' a historical disease forecasting model to new scenarios where flu and COVID co-exist. Our framework enables this adaptation by automatically learning when it is should emphasize learning from COVID-related signals and when from the historical model. In such way, we exploit representations learned from historical ILI data as well as the limited COVID-related signals. Our experiments demonstrate that our approach is successful in adapting a historical forecasting model to the current pandemic. In addition, we show that success in our primary goal, adaptation, does not sacrifice overall performance as compared with state-of-the-art influenza forecasting approaches.
Analytical Chemistry Teaching Adaptation in the COVID-19 Period: Experiences and Students' Opinion	Rodríguez-Rodríguez,  E,  Sánchez-Paniagua, et al	Journal of chemical education	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	COVID-19 has led to a suspension of face-to-face teaching activity from mid-March of the academic year 2019-2020. Changes have been made  in Complutense University of Madrid towards e-learning methodology. This article describes the adaptation to an online teaching model of two degree analytical chemistry courses: Pharmacy and Food Science and Technology. A mixed model has been performed for classes, using both online synchronous and asynchronous learning. The opinion of the students about this adaptation was evaluated. Although students preferred to carry out a face-to-face teaching and learning process, they found certain advantages in the online teaching modality, such as "Save time"and "Schedule flexibility".
Low risk of hepatitis b reactivation in patients with severe COVID-19 who receive immunosuppressive therapy	Rodríguez-Tajes,  S,  Miralpeix, et al	J Viral Hepat	Clinical data| Données cliniques	A significant proportion of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 develop severe respiratory symptoms due to an excessive immune response. Treatment of this condition may include immunosuppressive therapies, such as IL-6 receptor antagonists and corticosteroids, which poses a risk for patients with active or past hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. In this prospective cohort study we analyzed the risk of HBV reactivation in patients with severe COVID-19 and resolved HBV infection undergoing immunosuppressive therapy. From March 15(th) to April 30(th) 2020, 600 patients with severe COVID-19 were admitted into our Hospital and treated with immune-modulators. Data regarding HBV infection was available in 484, of whom 69 (14%) were HBsAg negative/anti-HBc positive. For these patients, HBV reactivation prophylaxis with entecavir was strongly recommended. Complete follow-up was available in 61 patients: 72% were male, median age was 67 years, and anti-HBs was >10 IU/mL in 72%. The immunosuppressive drug most used was tocilizumab (72%). Despite HBV prophylaxis recommendation, 38 (62%) patients received entecavir and 23 (38%) did not. Baseline features of both groups were similar. At follow-up, we found no cases of HBsAg seroreversion and only 2 (3%) patients (no prophylaxis group) had detectable serum HBV-DNA (<15 IU/mL). Both were anti-HBs negative and had normal aminotransferase levels. Our data show that the risk of HBV reactivation in patients with severe COVID-19 and resolved HBV infection undergoing immunosuppressive treatment is low. However, if a systematic follow-up after hospital discharge is unfeasible in patients without anti-HBs, a short course of antiviral prophylaxis may be a safe option.
Preliminary estimation of temporal and spatiotemporal dynamic measures of COVID-19 transmission in Thailand	Rotejanaprasert,  C,  Lawpoolsri, et al	PLoS One	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Transmission	BACKGROUND: There is an urgent need to understand the dynamics of COVID-19 in each country to inform planning of emergency measures to contain its spread.  Thailand was one of the first countries outside China to be affected with subsequent importation and domestic spread in most provinces in the country. METHOD: A key ingredient to guide planning and implementation of public health measures is a metric of transmissibility which represents the infectiousness of a disease. Ongoing policies can utilize this information to plan appropriately with updated estimates of disease transmissibility. We present descriptive analyses and preliminary statistical estimation of reproduction numbers over time and space to facilitate disease control activities in Thailand. RESULTS: The estimated basic reproduction number for COVID-19 during the study ranged from 2.23-5.90, with a mean of 3.75. We also tracked disease dynamics over time using temporal and spatiotemporal reproduction numbers. The results suggest that the outbreak was under control since the middle of April. After the boxing stadium and entertainment venues, the numbers of new cases had increased and spread across the country. DISCUSSION: Although various scenarios about assumptions were explored in this study, the real situation was difficult to determine given the limited data. More thorough mathematical modelling would be helpful to improve the estimation of transmissibility metrics for emergency preparedness as more epidemiological and clinical information about this new infection becomes available.
Clinical impact of COVID-19 on a French population of spondyloarthritis patients	Roux,  CH,  Brocq, et al	Clin Rheumatol	Clinical data| Données cliniques	This study aimed to understand the impact of COVID-19 on inflammatory rheumatic diseases. A questionnaire was administered to a private social network of the "Association contre les spondylarthrites" on April  30, 2020. Out of 1656 members, 611 (37%) responded to the questionnaire. The mean age of the participants was 47 years (± 11.8). The mean BMI was 25.9 (± 5.2). Overall, 406 (66%) and 380 (62%) patients were treated with biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), respectively. Co-prescription was frequent in 37% of the participants (225/611). Overall, 460 (75%) declared one or more symptoms possibly linked to COVID-19. Our survey in patients with SpA and their NSAID and bDMARD usage underlined the low impact of the pandemic on our population as well as the difficulty to interpret reported-related symptoms that can be linked to the clinical course of spondyloarthritis SpA. Clinical trial number: NCT04355923
Health-related factors of psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic among non-health workers in Spain	Ruiz-Frutos,  C,  Ortega-Moreno, et al	Safety Science	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The objective of the study was to understand the difference between those who work away from home and those who work from home, when the effects of fear of contagion cross with those of confinement, about the psychological distress during the COVID-19 in Spain. This was an observational descriptive cross-sectional study. A total of 1089 questionnaires were received from non-health workers that were working away from home and doing so from their homes. 71.6% of non-health female workers and 52.4% of non-health male workers had psychological distress, with differences among those working away from home and those working from home. The level of psychological distress among non-health workers is predicted by 66.5% through the variables: being a woman, 43 years old or younger, having a home with no outdoor spaces, poor perception of health, number of symptoms, and having been in contact with contaminated people or material. Among workers who work away from home, being self-employed is another predictive variable of distress.  More than the half of the sample showed inadequate management of the psychological distress.
Retinal imaging study diagnoses a case of COVID-19	Ruiz-Medrano,  Jorge	Research Square prepub	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Background: Hyper-reflective lesions at the level of ganglion cell (GCL) and inner plexiform retinal layers (IPL) by Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) and cotton wool spots in the examination of the eye fundus have recently been described as findings in patients with COVID-19 infection. Case report: We report a case of a 42-year-old male anesthetist who treated COVID patients during the previous five weeks and suddenly debuted with a temporal relative scotoma in his left eye (OS); three weeks before, he presented with ageusia for several days. Best corrected visual acuity was 20/20 for OS; no discromatopsy or afferent pupillary defect were present. Visual field was performed, with no significant findings associated to the focal loss of sensitivity referred by the patient. The anterior segment was unremarkable on slit lamp examination in both eyes. Fundus examination of the left eye showed no significant findings. A placoid, hyperreflective band at the level of GCL and IPL was visible in the temporal and nasal side of the fovea on OCT which spared the outer retina, at the time of diagnosis and at one month. A propharyngeal swab test for SARS-CoV-2 RNA, IgG and IgM ELISA determinations were performed. Real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) was negative. ELISA testing and a third rapid antibody detection test performed 7 days after the onset of symptoms were positive. Conclusions: Ocular signs and symptoms in COVID cases are rarely reported, but may be underestimated, especially those that affect the retina and occur in asymptomatic or paucisymptomatic cases. We present the first case of diagnosis of COVID-19 based on retinal ophthalmic examination.
A Perturbed System: How Tenured Faculty Responded to the COVID-19 Shift to Remote Instruction	Rupnow,  RL,  Ladue, et al	Journal of chemical education	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study investigates six university professors' reflections on the shift to remote instruction during the Spring 2020 semester in response to the COVID-19 global pandemic. The rapid shift in instructional platform presents an opportunity to learn from unresolved challenges that persisted through the semester. Here we present a qualitative study of how experienced (i.e., associate or full) chemistry professors report their teaching practices in light of the COVID-19 disruptions. We observed four major themes: personal factors, contextual factors of the structure and culture, teacher thinking, and teachers' practice. These themes revealed that the professors in this study adapted quickly using institutionally offered platforms, modified their courses as minimally as possible, struggled with assessment, and held diverging beliefs about teaching and students. The outcomes of this study have implications for ongoing efforts to reform instructional practices at the institutional and departmental level.
Preliminary assessment of dental practice risk during Covid-19 pandemic: a case-control study	Saad,  D,  Alkazali, et al	Annals of Tropical Medicine and Public Health	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the risk of dental practice during Covid-19 pandemic. Method: This is a retrospective case- control study conducted in Iraq from 24 February to 10 April 2020, eligible case (693) patients and the control group (693) patients randomly. Results: Total number of the sample was 1386 (case 693, control 693 patients), the exposure (dental practice) were 7 (0.5%) patients, 3 (0.21%) of them were positive (+ve) while other 4 (0.288 %) were negative (–ve) result. Mean age for case group 42.4 years and for control group 38.7 years. For case group 418 (61%) males, 275(39%) females and for control group 402 (58%) males, 291 (42%) females. Odds ratio (OR)1.335 at confidence interval (CI) 95% (0.298-5.988) that mean possible associated risk is present but at this confidence interval it is statistically not significant. Clinical significance: The use of PPE with strict adherence to infection control measures can significantly minimize the risk of Covid-19 infection during dental practice. © 2020 Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications. All rights reserved.
Mathematical modeling of regulatory mechanisms of the nervous system pathologies in patients with COVID-19	Saidalieva,  M,  Hidirova, et al	Advances in Mathematics: Scientific Journal	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Clinical data| Données cliniques	This paper presents the results obtained during the mathematical modeling of the regulatory mechanisms of pathologies in the human nervous system responsible for acute respiratory failure and smell and taste loss in patients with COVID-19. Analysis of the characteristic behaviors of solutions of the developed functional differential equations with delay shows the presence of extinction modes, stable stationary state, stable self-oscillatory behavior, irregular functioning and the effect of sharp destructive changes-the "black hole" effect in the model of central nervous system regulation. © 2020, Research Publication. All rights reserved.
COVID-19 lockdown and reduction of traffic accidents in Tarragona province, Spain	Saladié,  Ò,  Bustamante, et al	Transportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspectives	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This paper analyses the impact that the lockdown decreed by the Spanish Government to combat the spread of COVID-19 has had on traffic accidents in Tarragona province (Spain). During the studied period of the lockdown (March 16 - April 26 2020) the number of accidents per day fell by 74,3% in coparison with those in February 14-20 (reference week) and 76% in respect to the equivalent period in 2018-2019. This reduction of accidents has been higher than the decrease of mobility during the same reference period (62.9%). This suggests a multiplicative positive effect of traffic reduction on roads safety. Our findings provide new evidences of the disruptive effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on transportation and of how it could be used as a catalyst to promote more sustainable and secure transport systems. © 2020 The Authors
Effects of COVID-19 lockdown on type 2 diabetes, lifestyle and psychosocial health: A hospital-based cross-sectional survey from South India	Sankar,  P,  Ahmed, et al	Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research and Reviews	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study aimed to identify the effects of the COVID-19 lockdown on glycemic status, lifestyle changes, and psychosocial health in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D). The pre- and post-lockdown data of 110 adults with T2D who were under regular follow up was collected by direct interview during their visit to the diabetes clinic. The variables analyzed included demographic data, HbA1c, body weight, lifestyle changes, psychosocial factors and use of technology. The overall physical activity and dietary adherence remained unchanged in more than 80% of the participants. There was increased consumption of vegetables (80.9%), fruits (42.7%), and decreased unhealthy snacking (63%). 90% of them had access to medications. No significant change was noted in the mean HbA1c and body weight before and after lockdown. Most of them (99%) watched television and 73.6% of them spent time with their family members. Those with mental stress and poor sleep had unhealthy dietary habits. Poor glycemic control was seen in those with less physical activity and an unhealthy diet. Lockdown did not cause a major change in the overall glycemic control.
Investigation of compatibility of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 reverse transcriptase-PCR kits containing different gene targets during coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic	Sarlgül,  F,  Doluca, et al	Future Virology	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	Reverse transcriptase-PCR (RT-PCR) technique is often used in the diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We evaluated the compatibility of SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR kits containing different gene targets during the pandemic.  Samples were tested by Bio-Speddy® (RdRp gene) and Diagnovital® (RdRp + E genes). The correlation between two assays were determined by Deming regression analysis and chi-square analyses. Diagnovital PCR kit showed amplification in a narrow Ct range and conveniently sharper exponential amplification curves than Bio-Speedy PCR kit. While the correlation between the findings of the two kits was apparent even with single gene target, this correlation increased when a secondary biomarker was added to the correlation calculations. We have observed high correlation between different PCR kits, however, using different PCR kits during the pandemic may provide a more accurate diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2, since despite correlation there are a number of patients showing contradicting diagnosis.
Usage of social media during the pandemic: Seeking support and awareness about COVID-19 through social media platforms	Saud,  M,  Mashud, et al	Journal of Public Affairs	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study aims to describe the present situation of an Indonesian society and social media use. Data was collected from social media users from March and April 2020. The data were also compiled from the secondary sources, like opinions, the literature and scientific articles from reputable journals. The total number of 348 responses were collected from respondents through random sampling technique, and the majority respondents show positive attitudes toward using social media as medical information instruments. The results demonstrate that social media have been used to seek social supports from the respondents' online networks and offline friends, relatives, and colleagues. The study also examines that the usage of social media platforms is perceived as easy and accessible to every individual for sharing, posting, and reacting to any medical information regarding the pandemic. Since people continue work from home, and ensuring the social distance, so, the majority of users have seen family and friends have provided support and attempt to raise awareness by sharing and circulating a range of information within their closed-social network.
Tissue level profile of SARS-CoV-2 antivirals in mice to predict their effects in COVID-19 multiorgan failure	Scherf-Clavel,  Oliver,  Kaczmarek, et al	bioRxiv	Therapeutics| Thérapeutique Animal model | Modèle animal	Remdesivir and hydroxychloroquine are or were among the most promising therapeutic options to tackle the current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. In this study, an adapted mouse model was chosen to demonstrate its suitability to provide sufficient information on the model substances GS-441 524 and HCQ regarding plasma concentration and distribution into relevant tissues a prerequisite for treatment effectiveness. GS-441 524 and HCQ were administered intravenously as a single injection to male mice. Blood and organ samples were taken at several time points and drug concentrations were quantified in plasma and tissue homogenates by two liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry methods. In vitro experiments were conducted to investigate the degradation of remdesivir in human plasma and blood. All pharmacokinetic analyses were performed with R Studio using non-compartmental analysis. High tissue to plasma ratios for GS-441 524 and HCQ were found, indicating a significant distribution into the examined tissue, except for the central nervous system and fat. For GS-441 524, measured tissue concentrations exceeded the reported in vitro EC50 values by more than 10-fold and in consideration of its high efficacy against feline infectious peritonitis, GS-441 524 could indeed be effective against SARS-CoV-2 in vivo. For HCQ, relatively high in vitro EC50 values are reported, which were not reached in all tissues. Facing its slow tissue distribution, HCQ might not lead to sufficient tissue saturation for a reliable antiviral effect. The mouse model was able to characterise the PK and tissue distribution of both model substances and is a suitable tool to investigate early drug candidates against SARS-CoV-2.
32911000; Oral anticoagulation and clinical outcomes in COVID-19: An Italian multicenter experience	Schiavone,  M,  Gasperetti, et al	International journal of cardiology	Clinical data| Données cliniques	We investigated whether pre-hospitalization oral anticoagulation (OAC) or in-hospital heparin treatment could have a protective role among COVID-19 patients. In this cohort study, consecutive COVID-19 patients admitted to four different Italian Institutions were enrolled. Baseline demographic, clinical, laboratory, and radiological characteristics, as well as in-hospital treatment and outcomes were evaluated. The primary outcome was mortality. A total of 844 COVID-19 patients were enrolled as study cohort, n = 65 (7.7%) taking OACs prior to hospitalization. Regarding clinical outcomes, OAC patients developed acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (AHRF) more frequently than non-OAC patients as well as presenting a higher mortality rate (44.6% vs 19.8%, p < 0.001). At overall multivariate logistical regression, use of heparin (n = 394, 46.6%) was associated with a better chance of survival to hospital discharge (OR 0.60 0.38–0.94], p < 0.001), in particular in patients with AHRF, with no association found with the use of OACs. In a sub-analysis, the highest mortality rate was found for AHRF patients when heparin was not administered.  In our cohort, OACs appeared to be ineffective in reducing mortality rate, while heparin resulted to be a useful treatment when lung disease was sufficiently severe, potentially suggesting a crucial role of microthrombosis in severe COVID-19.
Risk of COVID-19-related death among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or asthma prescribed inhaled corticosteroids: an observational cohort study using the OpenSAFELY platform	Schultze,  Anna,  Walker, et al	The Lancet Respiratory Medicine	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	In this observational study, we assessed the association between inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) and COVID-19-related death among people with COPD or asthma using linked electronic health records (EHRs) in England, UK. We identified 148 557 people with COPD and 818 490 people with asthma who were given relevant respiratory medications in the 4 months before the index date. People with COPD who were prescribed ICSs were at increased risk of COVID-19-related death compared with those prescribed LABA–LAMA combinations (adjusted HR 1·39 [95% CI 1·10–1·76]). Compared with those prescribed SABAs only, people with asthma who were prescribed high-dose ICS were at an increased risk of death (1·55 [1·10–2·18]), whereas those given a low or medium dose were not (1·14 [0·85–1·54]). Sensitivity analyses showed that the apparent harmful association we observed could be explained by relatively small health differences between people prescribed ICS and those not prescribed ICS that were not recorded in the database (e value lower 95% CI 1·43). Our results do not support a major role for regular ICS use in protecting against COVID-19-related death among people with asthma or COPD.
Association of Cell Phone Location Data and Trends in COVID-19 Infections During Loosening of Stay-At-Home Restrictions	Sehra,  ST,  Kishfy, et al	J Travel Med	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study aimed to determine whether greater workplace activity over 30-days was associated with increase in cases in the subsequent 2-week period during a surge in COVID-19 cases in June in the U.S. This study utilized publicly available county-level data from Google over a 30-day period from May 13-June 12. Baseline activity was defined by Google as the activity between January 3-February 6. The primary outcome was the slope of change in the 7-day rolling average for new cases over the 14-day period of June 13-June 27 (the most recent 2-weeks of available data at the time of the analysis). We noted a greater increase in the slope of cases per-day per-unit population in counties with higher workplace activity.  Counties with the lowest workplace activity had an average slope of change in new cases of 5.64 (4.60, 6.68) per 100,000 population as compared to 7.88 (6.92, 8.84) in the counties with the highest workplace activity (p<0.001). Those counties in with the greatest workplace activity had a higher odds of being in a higher quartile of slope [OR 2.27 (1.45, 3.58) p<0.001] Higher activity at the workplace was associated with a higher rate of increase in new cases per day.
Understanding Structural Malleability of the SARS-CoV-2 Proteins and their Relation to the Comorbidities	Sen,  Sagnik,  Dey, et al	Research Square prepub	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	We conducted the evolutionary sequence-structure analysis of the viral protein classes to evaluate the rate of their evolutionary malleability. We also looked at the intrinsic disorder propensities of these viral proteins and confirmed that although they typically do not have long intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs), all of them have at least some levels of intrinsic disorder. Furthermore, short IDRs found in viral proteins are extremely effective and prioritize the proteins for host cell interactions, which may lead to host cell dysfunction. Next, the associations of viral proteins with the host cell proteins were studied, and a list of diseases which are associated with such host cell proteins was developed. Other than the usual set of diseases, we have identified some maladies, which may happen after the recovery from the infections. Comparison of the expression rates of the host cell proteins during the diseases suggested the existence of two distinct classes. First class includes proteins, which are directly associated with certain sets of diseases, where they have shared similar activities. Second class is related to the cytokine storm-mediated pro-inflammation (already known for its role in acute respiratory distress syndrome, ARDS), and neuroinflammation may trigger some of the neurological malignancies and neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases. Finally, since the transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2), which is one of the leading proteins associated with the viral uptake, is an androgen-mediated protein, our study suggested that males and postmenopausal females can be more susceptible to the SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Potential role of particulate matter in the spreading of COVID-19 in Northern Italy: first observational study based on initial epidemic diffusion	Setti,  L,  Passarini, et al	BMJ Open	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	To monitor the spreading of COVID-19 in Italy from February 24th to March 13th (the date of the Italian lockdown), official daily data for PM10 levels were collected from all Italian provinces between February 9th and February 29th, taking into account the maximum lag period (14 days) between the infection and diagnosis. In addition to the number of exceedances of the daily limit value of PM10, we also considered population data and daily travelling information for each province. Exceedance of the daily limit value of PM10 appears to be a significant predictor of infection in univariate analyses (p<0.001). Less polluted provinces had a median of 0.03 infections over 1000 residents, while the most polluted provinces showed a median of 0.26 cases. Thirty-nine out of 41 Northern Italian provinces resulted in the category with the highest PM10 levels, while 62 out of 66 Southern provinces presented low PM10 concentrations (p<0.001). In Milan, the average growth rate before the lockdown was significantly higher than in Rome (0.34 vs 0.27 per day, with a doubling time of 2.0 days vs 2.6, respectively), thus suggesting a basic reproductive number R0>6.0, comparable with the highest values estimated for China. A significant association has been found between the geographical distribution of daily PM10 exceedances and the initial spreading of COVID-19 in the 110 Italian provinces.
Haar wavelet collocation approach for the solution of fractional order COVID-19 model using Caputo derivative	Shah,  K,  Khan, et al	Alexandria Engineering Journal	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Transmission	This is a study a of compartmental mathematical model for the transmission dynamics of the novel Coronavirus-19 under Caputo fractional order derivative. By using fixed point theory of Schauder's and Banach we establish some necessary conditions for existence of at least one solution to model under investigation and its uniqueness. After the existence a general numerical algorithm based on Haar collocation method is established to compute the approximate solution of the model. Using some real data we simulate the results for various fractional order using Matlab to reveal the transmission dynamics of the current disease due to Coronavirus-19 through graphs.
Design of nonstandard computational method for stochastic susceptible–infected–treated–recovered dynamics of coronavirus model	Shatanawi,  W,  Raza, et al	Advances in Difference Equations	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Transmission	The current effort is devoted to investigating and exploring the stochastic nonlinear mathematical pandemic model to describe the dynamics of the novel coronavirus. The model adopts the form of a nonlinear stochastic susceptible-infected-treated-recovered system, and we investigate the stochastic reproduction dynamics, both analytically and numerically. We applied different standard and nonstandard computational numerical methods for the solution of the stochastic system. The design of a nonstandard computation method for the stochastic system is innovative. Unfortunately, standard computation numerical methods are time-dependent and violate the structure properties of models, such as positivity, boundedness, and dynamical consistency of the stochastic system. To that end, convergence analysis of nonstandard computational methods and simulation with a comparison of standard computational methods are presented. © 2020, The Author(s).
Investigating the Psychology of Financial Markets During COVID-19 Era: A Case Study of the US and European Markets	Shehzad,  K,  Xiaoxing, et al	Frontiers in Psychology	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique Economics | Économie	This study estimated the impact of COVID-19 on the behavior of the financial markets of Europe and the US. The results revealed that the returns of the S&P 500 index have been greatly affected by a lockdown in the US owing to COVID-19. However, the health crisis generated due to the novel coronavirus significantly decreased the stock returns of the Nasdaq Composite index. The results also showed that the economic crisis generated from the pandemic in Spain has had more impact on the IBEX 35 as compared to the health crisis itself. Italy’s stock markets are more affected by the health crisis as contrasted with the economic crisis, while, in the short-run, both lockdown conditions and economic instability lower the stock returns of FTSE MIB. The UK stock markets witnessed that in the short-run, deficiency of health management systems imperatively damaged the stock returns of the London Stock Exchange. The investigation revealed that deficiency of health systems and lockdown conditions have imperatively damaged the structure of financial markets, inferring that sustainable development of these nations is at risk due to COVID-19.
In silico allicin induced S-thioallylation of SARS-CoV-2 main protease	Shekh,  S,  Reddy, et al	Journal of Sulfur Chemistry	Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	The preclinical drugs ebselen and PX-12 are potent inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro and covalently modifies the active site Cys-145 residue of Mpro through selenosulfide/disulfide. In this report, using virtual screening methods, reactive sulfur species allicin is subjecting for covalent docking at the active site of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro using PX-12 as a benchmark reference compound. The results indicate that allicin induces dual S-thioallylation of Cys-145 and Cys-85/ Cys-156 residues of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro. Using density functional theory (DFT), Gibbs free energy change (DG) is calculated for the putative reactions between N-acetylcysteine amide thiol and allicin/allyl sulfenic acid. The overall reaction is exergonic and allyl disulfide of Cys-145 residue of Mpro is involved in a sulfur mediated hydrogen bond. The results indicate that allicin causes dual S-thioallylation of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro which may be of interest for treatment and attenuation of ongoing coronavirus infection.
Layout and management of the surgical intensive care unit during the novel coronavirus infection epidemic period	Shen,  C,  Li, et al	Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University (Medical Sciences)	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	The objective is to discuss the key points of reconstruction from the surgical intensive care unit (SICU) to the negative pressure isolation ward which can treat patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP, COVID-19). The main points of reconstruction are space layout and the air conditioning and ventilation system.
Retinal vein occlusion in COVID-19: A novel entity	Sheth,  JU,  Narayanan, et al	Indian J Ophthalmol	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Ocular manifestations related to COVID-19 are uncommon with conjunctivitis being reported in a few cases. We report a unique case of vasculitic retinal vein occlusion (RVO) secondary to COVID-19 in a 52-year-old patient who presented with the diminution of vision in the left eye 10 days after he tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. All investigations for vasculitis were negative. This case supports the mechanism of thrombo-inflammatory state secondary to the "cytokine-storm" as the pathogenesis for systemic manifestations of COVID-19.
Quantifying Impact of Disruption to Radiology Education During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Implications for Future Training	Shi,  J,  Miskin, et al	Current problems in diagnostic radiology	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	Assessed the impact on radiology resident education due to the COVID-19 pandemic in order to inform future educational planning. Of 373 block weeks (BW), 56.6% were assigned to virtual curriculum, 39.4% radiology clinical duties, 2.9% illness, and 1.1% reassignment. Scheduling intervention affected 6.2 ± 2.3 (range 1-10) mean BW per resident over the 10-week study period. The R3 class experienced the largest disruption, greater than the R2 classes. The second half of the pandemic caused statistically significantly more schedule disruptions than the first half.
Supporting the tourism industry in the context of the coronavirus pandemic and economic crisis: Social tourism and public-private partnership	Shubtsova,  LV,  Kostromina, et al	Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism	Economics | Économie	Analyzed the possibilities of restoring the Russian tourism industry, taking into account the losses incurred due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and to determine the main areas of state support. Analyzed the measures and the need for state support for the industry that is in an ongoing state of economic crisis and note the problems of tourism development in Russia and several European countries that resulted from the spread of coronavirus infection. The authors consider possibilities and prospects of restoring the tourism industry in the future, describe measures to support the tourism industry planned by the Russian government, as well as anti-crisis programs undertaken in several European countries that are designed to help the tourism industry survive during the crisis. It is shown that support measures undertaken in Russia are incomparable with the help provided to the tourism industry by the governments of several European countries.
Responses to the COVID-19 Pandemic by the Biochemistry Authentic Scientific Inquiry Lab (BASIL) CURE Consortium: Reflections and a Case Study on the Switch to Remote Learning	Sikora,  A,  Irby, et al	Journal of chemical education	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	Campus shutdowns during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic posed unique challenges to faculty and students engaged in laboratory courses. Formerly hands-on experiments had to be quickly pivoted to emergency remote learning. We report on the experiences of faculty and students over the transition period for a course-based undergraduate research experience (CURE).  Additionally, we report as a case study results of one of our campus' ongoing discipline-based education research (DBER) on the Biochemistry Authentic Scientific Inquiry Lab (BASIL) curriculum prior to and during remote delivery.
COVID-19 detection in CT images with deep learning: A voting-based scheme and cross-datasets analysis	Silva,  P,  Luz, et al	Informatics in Medicine Unlocked	Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	A number of deep learning-based methodologies have been recently proposed for COVID-19 screening in CT scans as a tool to automate and help with the diagnosis. These approaches, however, suffer from at least one of the following problems: (i) they treat each CT scan slice independently and (ii) the methods are trained and tested with sets of images from the same dataset. Propose an Efficient Deep Learning Technique for the screening of COVID-19 with a voting-based approach. The images from a given patient are classified as group in a voting system. The cross-dataset analysis has shown that the generalization power of deep learning models is far from acceptable for the task since accuracy drops from 87.68% to 56.16% on the best evaluation scenario. These results highlighted that the methods that aim at COVID-19 detection in CT-images have to improve significantly to be considered as a clinical option.
Learning Postdisruption: Lessons from Students in a Fully Online Nonmajors Laboratory Course	Simon,  LE,  Genova, et al	Journal of chemical education	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	Mixed methods were used to understand how students perceived instructional changes to remote learning and to examine the effects of remote learning on their approach to subsequent coursework and faculty interactions. A majority of students learned a new study strategy during remote instruction (56% of respondents), while 17% described improving a particular study skill or course strategy.  Seventy-three percent of students reported acquiring or improving study skills as a result of unplanned experiences with remote instruction. Students had mixed perceptions on preferred mode of communication, but there was an agreement on the importance of clear expectations for frequency and response times for course-related communication.  Four consecutive years of survey data were analyzed to identify core themes and to measure variations between cohorts pre- (2017-2019) and post- (2020) the COVID-19 disruption.
Acute Intestinal Ischemia in a Patient with COVID-19 Infection	Singh,  B,  Mechineni, et al	Korean J Gastroenterol	Clinical data| Données cliniques	The World Health Organization has declared novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) a global public health emergency. Although respiratory symptoms predominate in COVID-19, thrombosis can occur in patients with COVID-19. This paper reports a case of an 82-year-old female with a prior medical history of hypertension, diabetes presenting with fever and cough, and was diagnosed with COVID-19. The patient subsequently developed progressively worsening of abdominal distention, tenderness, and underwent emergent laparotomy. She was found to have a gangrenous colon. This case adds to the limited literature regarding the extrapulmonary complications of COVID-19.
The Impact of Physical Distancing and Associated Factors Towards Internet Addiction Among Adults in Indonesia During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Nationwide Web-Based Study	Siste,  K,  Hanafi, et al	Frontiers in Psychiatry	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	Assessed the impact of COVID-19 on Internet addiction (IA) prevalence and analyzed the correlated factors during quarantine and pandemic. Point prevalence of IA during the COVID-19 pandemic was 14.4% in Indonesian adults. Online duration increased by 52% compared to before the pandemic. Physical distancing was not established as a risk of IA. Increased daily online duration, specific motivations, types of application, and having confirmed/suspected COVID-19 cases within the household were predictive of IA. Furthermore, psychopathologies and sleep disruptions were related to IA occurrences and especially prevalent in groups with proximity to COVID-19.
Perioral pressure ulcers in patients with COVID-19 requiring invasive mechanical ventilation	Sleiwah,  A,  Nair, et al	European Journal of Plastic Surgery	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Report case series of perioral pressure ulcers developed following the use of two devices to secure endotracheal tubes in COVID-19 positive patients managed in the intensive care setting. Sixteen patients developed different patterns of perioral pressure ulcers related to the use of two medical devices (Insight, AnchorFast). The mean age was 58.6 years. The average length of intubation was 18.8 days. Fourteen patients required proning, with an average duration of 5.2 days.
The influence of passenger air traffic on the spread of COVID-19 in the world	Sokadjo,  YM,  Atchadé, et al	Transportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspectives	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	Countries in the world are suffering from COVID-19 and would like to control it. Thus, some authorities voted for new policies and even stopped passenger air traffic. Those decisions were not uniform, and this study focuses on how passenger air traffic might influence the spread of COVID-19 in the world. We used data sets of cases from the Center for Systems Science and Engineering (CSSE) at Johns Hopkins University and air transport (passengers carried) from the World Bank. Besides, we computed Poisson, QuasiPoisson, Negative binomial, zero-inflated Poisson, and zero-inflated negative binomial models with cross-validation to make sure that our findings are robust. Actually, when passenger air traffic increases by one unit, the number of cases increases by one new infection. © 2020 The Authors
Perinatal COVID-19 in Latin America	Sola,  A,  Rodríguez, et al	Revista Panamericana de Salud Publica/Pan American Journal of Public Health	Transmission Clinical data| Données cliniques	Article in Spanish. Evaluated and reported the clinical characteristics and outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnant women and newborns in Latin America. Of 86 pregnant women with COVID-19 confirmed by RT-PCR in seven countries (6 from Latin America, and Equatorial Guinea) 68% (59) were asymptomatic. Of 32% of symptomatic women, 89% (24) had mild symptoms and 3.5% (3) had severe respiratory symptoms. No women died. RT-PCR was performed on all newborns between 16 and 36 hours of age; 6 (7%) were positive. All of them presented mild and transient respiratory distress; none died.
COVID-19 in nursing facilities: Experience in Republic of Korea	Song,  R,  Kim, et al	Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	Report on the epidemiological investigation and the management to reduce the infection rate into 5 nursing facilities that reported a high number of COVID-19 infection cases from February to May 2020. The 5 facilities had a combined fatality rate of 12.2% (9 deceased among the 74 infected cases). The median age of the deceased was 87 years old (range: 82-91). The infection was first identified on February 27th, 2020, peaked on March 6th, and was last detected on March 24th, 2020. Difficulties specific to such facilities included the delay in the recognition of symptoms and limitation in distancing. Tailored strategies such as daily monitoring of symptoms and proactive COVID-19 screening of quarantined residents, contributed to a decline in the infections in the facilities.
A flow virometry process proposed for detection of SARS-CoV-2 and large-scale screening of COVID-19 cases	Soni,  N,  Pai, et al	Future Virology	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	The viral pneumonia COVID-19, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has spread rapidly over 210 countries and declared as pandemic by WHO. WHO has emphasized on the scale-up of testing capacity, followed by isolation of infected individuals, and contact tracing, as the †backbone' of managing the pandemic. Globally, the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in patients is done by real-time PCR (RT-PCR) and blood antibody-based testing. Here, a flow cytometry-based high-throughput screening system is proposed for testing of COVID-19 cases where the virus particle binds to specific primary antibodies and the resultant virus-antibody complex then binds to fluorescent-tagged secondary antibodies. The fluorescence signal could be measured in a flow channel for qualitative detection of virus in the test sample. © 2020 Future Medicine Ltd.
Covid-19 epidemic: Comparison of three european countries with different outcome using gompertz function method	Spanakis,  M,  Zoumpoulakis, et al	Pneumon	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	Assessed the impact of COVID-19 in three European countries and evaluate the outcome using Gombertz function methods. Daily mortality data were collected and analyzed from European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control for Greece, France, and Italy. The results show a good fit between the observed data and those obtained by the Gompertz function methods for the three countries. Using standardization methods for population incidence parameters for comparison, Greece, France, and Italy show substantial differences among disease dynamics regarding incidence and mortality rates as well as disease doubling times.
Proteomic analysis reveals upregulation of ACE2, the putative SARS-CoV-2 receptor in pressure- but not volume-overloaded human hearts	Stegbauer,  J,  Kraus, et al	Hypertension	Clinical data| Données cliniques Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	To better understand the pathophysiological circumstances in which ACE2 is upregulated in the heart on protein level, we compared proteomic characteristics of human myocardial samples from 41 patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS), 17 patients with severe mitral valve regurgitation (MR), and 17 controls. In patients with AS, ACE2 protein was 4.76-fold upregulated compared to controls and 4.04-fold compared to patients with MR. In patients with MR, ACE2 abundance did not show any significant differences when compared to controls. Moreover, there was a significant correlation between ACE2 protein abundance and mRNA expression levels suggesting a direct link between cardiac ACE2 transcription levels and the amount of generated ACE2.
32938298; Contrasting the Perceived Severity of COVID-19 and HIV Infection in an Online Survey of Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex With Men During the U.S. COVID-19 Epidemic	Stephenson,  R,  Chavanduka, et al	American Journal of Men's Health	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	Examined the relative perceptions of the severity of COVID-19 and HIV among a sample of U.S. gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBMSMs). Participants perceived greater seriousness for HIV infection (mean 46.67) than for COVID-19 infection (mean 38.81). Some items reflecting more proximal impacts of infection (anxiety, loss of sleep, and impact on employment) were similar for HIV and COVID-19. Those aged over 25 and those who perceived higher prevalence of COVID-19 in the United States or their state were more likely to report COVID-19 as more severe than HIV.
The impact of the Coronavirus Disease-2019 pandemic on the psychological status and quality of life of myasthenia gravis patients	Stojanov,  A,  Stojanov, et al	Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	Investigated the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the psychological status, quality of life (QoL) and quality of sleep (QoS) of myasthenia gravis (MG) patients. reassessed patients who were tested three years ago using the same questionnaires. statistically significant difference between the results obtained three years ago and the results from April 2020 in PSQI (Pittsburgh sleep quality index) scores (P < 0.01). MGQOL15r (Myasthenia Gravis Quality of Life Questionnaire), SF36 (Medical Outcomes Study Short Form), and PSQI scores correlate with severe clinical manifestation, high scores on HAM-A (Hamilton scales for the assessment of anxiety) and HAM-D (Hamilton scales for the assessment of depression) (P < 0.01). Higher scores on HAM-D and fear that MG symptoms will be worse if the patient gets an upper respiratory infection were independent predictors of the lower SF36 scores.
Serum CCL17 level becomes a predictive marker to distinguish between mild/moderate and severe/critical disease in patients with COVID-19	Sugiyama,  M,  Kinoshita, et al	Gene	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	To identify predictive markers for the development of severe pneumonia, a comprehensive analysis of serum chemokines and cytokines was conducted using serial serum samples from COVID-19 patients. Five factors, IFN-λ3, IL-6, IP-10, CXCL9, and CCL17, were identified as predicting the onset of severe/critical symptoms. The factors were classified into two categories. Category A included IFN-λ3, IL-6, IP-10, and CXCL9, and their values surged and decreased rapidly before the onset of severe pneumonia. Category B included CCL17, which provided complete separation between the mild/moderate and the severe/critical groups at an early phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
The prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms among patients with COVID-19 and the effect on the severity of the disease	Sulaiman,  T,  Algharawi, et al	JGH Open	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Investigated the COVID-19-related gastrointestinal manifestations and the effect of gastrointestinal involvement on the course and outcome of the disease. Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms alone were detected in 23.6% of the patients; 44.3% of the patients presented with only respiratory symptoms, and 32.1% presented with both respiratory and GI symptoms. Patients with only GI symptoms had less severe disease compared with those who had both GI and respiratory symptoms, who had more severe disease with higher mortality. Overall mortality was 8.6%, with no mortality in the GI symptoms alone group. The highest severity and mortality were in patients with both GI and respiratory symptoms (48.39 and 13.33%, respectively).
32933618; Public Awareness and Mask Usage during the COVID-19 Epidemic: A Survey by China CDC New Media	Sun,  CX,  He, et al	Biomedical and environmental sciences : BES	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	Evaluated the effect of public education about masks usage during the new coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic. 99.7% and 97.2% of the respondents answered correctly that respiratory droplets and direct contact were the main transmission routes. 73.3% of the respondents considered COVID-19 to be 'serious' or 'very serious'. When going to the hospital, 96.9% (2,885/2,976 had gone to a hospital) used a mask during the COVID-19 epidemic, while 41.1% (2,367/5,761) did not use a mask before the epidemic. Among the respondents that used public transportation and went shopping, 99.6% and 99.4%, respectively, wore masks. Among respondents who returned to work, 75.5% wore a mask at the workplace, while 86.3% of those who have not returned to work will choose to use masks when they return to the workplace.
32924965; Detection of the first appearance of SARS-CoV-2 virus in Hungary based on retrospective testing of respiratory samples	Szalai,  B,  Hercegh, et al	Orvosi hetilap	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	The National Reference Laboratory for Respiratory Viruses of the National Public Health Center aimed to carry out a retrospective study of the swab and other samples taken for testing respiratory virus infections between January 1, and April 19, 2020 sent by sentinel physicians within the influenza surveillance for diagnostic purposes. All the 465 swab samples sent by sentinel physicians were found to be SARS-CoV-2 negative. Based on our data, it is very likely that prior to the first cases diagnosed on March 4, 2020, SARS-CoV-2 did not cause clinically symptomatic infections in Hungary.
Lipoprotein concentrations over time in the intensive care unit COVID-19 patients: Results from the ApoCOVID study	Tanaka,  S,  De Tymowski, et al	PLoS One	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Characterized the lipoprotein profiles of severe ICU patients hospitalized for COVID-19 pneumonia and to assess their changes during bacterial ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) superinfection. HDL-C and LDL-C concentrations upon ICU admission are low in severe COVID-19 pneumonia patients but are not associated with poor outcomes. However, low lipoprotein concentrations in the case of bacterial superinfection during ICU hospitalization are associated with mortality, which reinforces the potential role of these particles during bacterial sepsis.
Thoughts on detecting tissue distribution of potential COVID-19 receptors	Tang,  H,  Lu, et al	Future Virology	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	Aim: As a novel coronavirus, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused a global epidemic. Many clinical data show that COVID-19 can not only cause viral pneumonia but also damage a variety of target organs. Materials & methods: We searched some open online datasets, such as Gene ORGANizer, the Human Protein Atlas and Pubmed, to explore the tissue distribution of potential COVID-19 receptors (ACE2, CD209, CLEC4M and BSG) in the human body. Results: The above potential COVID-19 receptors were highly expressed in the lungs, intestine, kidney, liver, heart, testis, placenta, hematopoietic tissue and nerve tissue. Conclusion: It is speculated that they may be potentially high-risk organs susceptible to COVID-19 infection. It is expectant to provide some help for further research in the future. © 2020 Future Medicine Ltd.
Efficiency of flipped classroom with online-based teaching under COVID-19	Tang,  T,  Abuhmaid, et al	Interactive Learning Environments	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	Investigated the efficacy of various online teaching modes as well as comparing a proposed combined model of online and flipped learning to other online and traditional models. The results of the study showed that, students at Chengdu University of Information Technology (CUIT) were dissatisfied with online learning in general, and they were especially dissatisfied with the communication and Q&A modes.
Understanding Selenium and Glutathione as Antiviral Factors in COVID-19: Does the Viral Mpro Protease Target Host Selenoproteins and Glutathione Synthesis?	Taylor,  EW,  Radding, et al	JAMA network open	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	Glutathione peroxidases (GPX), a family of antioxidant selenoenzymes, functionally link selenium and glutathione, which both show correlations with clinical outcomes in COVID-19. Thus, it is highly significant that cytosolic GPX1 has been shown to interact with an inactive C145A mutant of Mpro, the main cysteine protease of SARS-CoV-2, but not with catalytically active wild-type Mpro. This seemingly anomalous result is what might be expected if GPX1 is a substrate for the active protease, leading to its fragmentation. We show that the GPX1 active site sequence is substantially similar to a known Mpro cleavage site, and is identified as a potential cysteine protease site by the Procleave algorithm. Proteolytic knockdown of GPX1 is highly consistent with previously documented effects of recombinant SARS-CoV Mpro in transfected cells, including increased reactive oxygen species and NF-κB activation. Because NF-κB in turn activates many pro-inflammatory cytokines, this mechanism could contribute to increased inflammation and cytokine storms observed in COVID-19. Using web-based protease cleavage site prediction tools, we show that Mpro may be targeting not only GPX1, but several other selenoproteins including SELENOF and thioredoxin reductase 1, as well as glutamate-cysteine ligase, the rate-limiting enzyme for glutathione synthesis. This hypothesized proteolytic knockdown of components of both the thioredoxin and glutaredoxin systems is consistent with a viral strategy to inhibit DNA synthesis, to increase the pool of ribonucleotides for RNA synthesis, thereby enhancing virion production. The resulting “collateral damage” of increased oxidative stress and inflammation would be exacerbated by dietary deficiencies of selenium and glutathione precursors. © Copyright © 2020 Taylor and Radding.
Design of an assistance protocol for the restart of scheduled urologic surgery in a COVID-19 epidemic period	Tejido-Sánchez,  A,  González-Díaz, et al	Actas Urologicas Espanolas	Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI) Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	Article in Spanish. Designed a care protocol to restart scheduled surgical activity in a Urology service of a third level hospital in the Community of Madrid, in a safe way for our patients and professionals in the context of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus epidemic. Since the resumption of surgical activity, 19 patients have been scheduled, of which 2 have been suspended for presenting COVID-19, one diagnosed by positive PCR for SARS-CoV-2, and another by laboratory and imaging findings compatible with this infection. With a median follow-up of 10 days (4-14 days), no complications related to COVID-19 were detected. Preliminary results indicate that the protocol designed to ensure the correct application of preventive measures against the transmission of coronavirus infection is being safe and effective.
Resveratrol And Pterostilbene Potently Inhibit SARS-CoV-2 Infection In Vitro	ter Ellen,  BM,  Dinesh Kumar, et al	bioRxiv	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	Researchers have proposed resveratrol, a food supplement with known antiviral, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties as an advantageous antiviral therapy for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Authors provide evidence that both resveratrol and its metabolically more stable structural analog, pterostilbene, exhibits potent antiviral properties against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro. Mechanistic analyses demonstrated that both compounds actively interfere with the post-entry steps of virus replication cycle and their antiviral activity is long-lasting.
Bell's palsy in a pediatric patient with hyper IgM syndrome and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)	Theophanous,  C,  Santoro, et al	Brain and Development	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Bell's palsy is an acute facial paralysis with known association to viral infections. We describe a medically complex 6-year-old male with hyper IgM syndrome who presented with unilateral facial droop and positive SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR. This is the first reported pediatric case of Bell's palsy in the setting of SARS-CoV-2 infection. © 2020 The Japanese Society of Child Neurology
A 29-Year-Old Male Construction Worker from India Who Presented with Left- Sided Abdominal Pain Due to Isolated Superior Mesenteric Vein Thrombosis Associated with SARS-CoV-2 Infection	Thuluva,  SK,  Zhu, et al	Am J Case Rep	Clinical data| Données cliniques	A 29-year-old male construction worker from India presented with left-sided colicky abdominal pain. He tested positive for  SARS-CoV-2 by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Isolated superior mesenteric vein thrombosis was diagnosed by CT (computed tomography) scan. He was managed by anti-coagulants and clinically improved. This case report indicates that isolated venous thrombosis of the abdominal vessels without concurrent arterial thrombosis can be a complication of the hyper-coagulability state in COVID-19 patients.
Ultrapotent human antibodies protect against SARS-CoV-2 challenge via multiple mechanisms	Tortorici,  MA,  Beltramello, et al	Science	Therapeutics| Thérapeutique Immunology | Immunologie Animal model | Modèle animal	We report the isolation and characterization of two ultrapotent SARS-CoV-2 human neutralizing antibodies (S2E12 and S2M11) that protect hamsters against SARS-CoV-2 challenge. Cryo-electron microscopy structures show that S2E12 and S2M11 competitively block ACE2 attachment and that S2M11 also locks the spike in a closed conformation by recognition of a quaternary epitope spanning two adjacent receptor-binding domains. Cocktails including S2M11, S2E12 or the previously identified S309 antibody broadly neutralize a panel of circulating SARS-CoV-2 isolates and activate effector functions.
Functional characterization of SARS-CoV-2 infection suggests a complex inflammatory response and metabolic alterations	Trilla-Fuertes,  Lucia,  Ramos-Ruiz, et al	bioRxiv	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Immunology | Immunologie	In this study, RNAseq data from peripheral blood mononuclear cell samples from Covid-19 patients and healthy controls was analyzed from a functional point of view using probabilistic graphical models. Two networks were built: one based on genes differentially expressed between healthy and infected individuals and another one based on the 2,000 most variable genes in terms of expression in order to make a functional characterization. In the network based on differentially expressed genes, two inflammatory response nodes with different tendencies were identified, one related to cytokines and chemokines, and another one related to bacterial infections. Differences in metabolism, which were studied in depth using Flux Balance Analysis, were identified. SARS-CoV2- infection caused alterations in glutamate, methionine and cysteine, and tetrahydrobiopterin metabolism. In the network based on 2,000 most variable genes, also two inflammatory nodes with different tendencies between healthy individuals and patients were identified. We identified a decrease in T cell node activity and an increase in cell division node activity. In the current absence of treatments for these patients, functional characterization of the transcriptional response to SARS-CoV-2 infection could be helpful to define targetable processes.
Working in a pandemic: Exploring the impact of COVID-19 health anxiety on work, family, and health outcomes	Trougakos,  JP,  Chawla, et al	J Appl Psychol	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	In the current study, we integrate transactional stress theory (Lazarus & Folkman, 1984) with self-determination theory (Deci & Ryan, 2000) to advance and test a model predicting that CovH anxiety prompts individuals to suppress emotions, which has detrimental implications for their psychological need fulfillment. In turn, lack of psychological need fulfillment hinders employees' abilities to work effectively, engage with their family, and experience heightened well-being. Our model further predicts that handwashing frequency-a form of problem-focused coping-will mitigate the effects of CovH anxiety. We test our propositions using a longitudinal design that followed 503 employees across the first four weeks that stay-at-home and social distancing orders were enacted. Consistent with predictions, CovH anxiety was found to impair critical work (goal progress), home (family engagement) and health (somatic complaints) outcomes due to increased emotion suppression and lack of psychological need fulfillment. Further, individuals who frequently engage in handwashing behavior were buffered from the negative impact of CovH anxiety.
COVIDetectioNet: COVID-19 diagnosis system based on X-ray images using features selected from pre-learned deep features ensemble	Turkoglu,  M	Applied Intelligence	Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	In this regard, the current study proposes an expert-designed system called COVIDetectioNet model, which utilizes features selected from combination of deep features for diagnosis of COVID-19. For this purpose, a pretrained Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)-based AlexNet architecture that employed the transfer learning approach, was used. The effective features that were selected using the Relief feature selection algorithm from all layers of the architecture were then classified using the Support Vector Machine (SVM) method. To verify the validity of the model proposed, a total of 6092 X-ray images, classified as Normal (healthy), COVID-19, and Pneumonia, were obtained from a combination of public datasets. In the experimental results, an accuracy of 99.18% was achieved using the model proposed.
Optimal policy learning for COVID-19 prevention using reinforcement learning	Uddin,  MI,  Ali Shah, et al	Journal of Information Science	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	In this article, a novel intelligent method based on reinforcement learning (RL) is built up that quantifies the unique levels of testing, disinfection and lock down alongside its impact on the spread of the infection, personal satisfaction or quality of life, resource use and economy. Different RL algorithms are actualized and agents are prepared with these algorithms to interact with the environment to gain proficiency with the best strategy. The examinations exhibit that deep learning–based algorithms, for example, DQN and DDPG are performing better than customary RL algorithms, for example, Q-Learning and SARSA.
Acute hyperhidrosis and postural tachycardia in a COVID-19 patient	Umapathi,  T,  Poh, et al	Clin Auton Res	Clinical data| Données cliniques	We describe a COVID-19 patient with acute hyperhidrosis and symptomatic orthostatic tachycardia. We posit COVID-19 as a cause of acute, limited, possibly dysimmune, autonomic dysfunction.
Coping With COVID-19: Emergency Stress, Secondary Trauma and Self-Efficacy in Healthcare and Emergency Workers in Italy	Vagni,  M,  Maiorano, et al	Frontiers in Psychology	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	We study differences between healthcare (n = 121) and emergency workers (n = 89) in terms of their coping strategies, emergency stress, and secondary trauma, as well as the relationships of these differences to demographic variables and other stress factors (Instructions and Equipment). For this purpose, we collected data from participants through the following questionnaires online: Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale – Italian Version, The Coping Self-Efficacy Scale – Short Form, an original questionnaire on stressors, and the Emergency Stress Questionnaire (to assess organizational–relational, physical, decisional inefficacy, emotional, cognitive, and COVID-19 stress). We performed a t-test, correlational analysis, and hierarchical regression. The analyses reveal that compared with the emergency worker group, the health worker group has greater levels of emergency stress and arousal and is more willing to use problem-focused coping.
The ‘lonely raver’: music livestreams during COVID-19 as a hotline to collective consciousness?	Vandenberg,  F,  Berghman, et al	European Societies	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This paper offers an explorative analysis of the online social practices of livestreamed concerts as one of the most popular cultural outlets during the COVID-19 imposed ‘lockdown’ in Europe. Ritual theory is used to investigate the potential of these virtual concerts in generating a collective consciousness, and the related feelings of social solidarity and resilience, specifically important in times of physical isolation. Through a thematic content analysis of the comments (n = 1501) posted during livestreamed techno concerts in the Netherlands, we find that both old and new ritual actions are used to form online communities. While these ritual activities mark participation and remind members of a previous collective feeling, the omission of visceral elements of a physical audience hampers the establishment of a renewed sense of social solidarity. © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
Mental health, confinement, and coronavirus concerns: A qualitative study	Vásquez,  G,  Urtecho-Osorto, et al	Interamerican Journal of Psychology	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	Article in Spanish. This qualitative study explores concerns related to COVID-19, confinement, and its relationship to mental health in the Honduran context. 20 semi-structured interviews to 10 men and 10 women were included. It was found that there are people concerned about their own health and their loved ones´. This can trigger psychosomatic reactions and anxiety. Other people underestimate the graveness of COVID-19 because they don´t consider themselves vulnerable. To be recurrently exposed to media information is stressful, so some people avoid it. Economic concern is also relevant due to reduced access to labor market and the suspension or decrease of income. Some informants are experiencing alterations in their eating and sleeping habits. Lastly, even though confinement limits leisure events, the informants have engaged in recreational activities.
Global lockdown: An effective safeguard in responding to the threat of COVID-19	Verma,  BK,  Verma, et al	J Eval Clin Pract	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Transmission Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	The study aims to explore the impact of delayed planning or lack of planning for the lockdown and inadequate implementation of the lockdown, on the transmission rate of COVID-19. Epidemiological data on the incidence and mortality of COVID-19 cases as reported by public health authorities were accessed from six countries based on total number of infected cases, namely, United States and Italy (more than 100 000 cases); United Kingdom, and France (50 000-100 000 cases), and India and Russia (6000-10 000 cases). The Bayesian inferential technique was used to observe the changes (three points) in pattern of number of cases on different duration of exposure (in days) in these selected countries 1 month after World Health Organization (WHO) declaration about COVID-19 as a global pandemic.  On comparing the pattern of transmission rates observed in these six countries at posterior estimated change points, it is found that partial implementation of lockdown (in the United States), delayed planning in lockdown (Russia, United Kingdom, and France), and inadequate implementation of the lockdown (in India and Italy) were responsible to the spread of infections.
Covid-19 pandemy from the perspective of regional children´s clinic	Vičar,  J,  Balatka, et al	Cesko-Slovenska Pediatrie	Clinical data| Données cliniques Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	The data regarding the course of COVID-19 in child population are limited not only in the Czech republic but also in other countries. The article presents a retrospective view of the peak period of the pandemy and the restrictive measures in the Czech Republic. The data have been collected from all nine Pediatric department in the Ústí nad Labem Region. During the observed period of time (3-4/2020), there was a significant decrease of pediatric department visits compared to the same period of time in 2019. Children tested positive for COVID-19 were mostly home quarantined and did not need to be hospitalized. The following text summarises our experience from this period of time including symptoms of children tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. © 2020, Czech Medical Association J.E. Purkyne. All rights reserved.
Overview of different modified full-face snorkelling masks for intraoperative protection	Vicini,  C,  Cammaroto, et al	Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital	Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI) Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This study focuses on validation of modified full-face snorkel masks (MFFSM) as safe and protective equipment against SARS-CoV-2 infection during diagnostic and therapeutic procedures on the upper aerodigestive tract. Five different MFFSM were tested during otolaryngological surgery and in anaesthesia procedures. Data were collected through an online survey to assess the feedback of operators. pO(2) and pCO(2) monitoring values during procedures were recorded in selected cases. All five MFFSM tested were easy to use and gave all operators a sound “feeling” of protection. All clinicians involved had common agreement regarding safety and the userfriendly format.
Higher education for the creation of prosperity, sustainability in security and development in times of COVID-19 pandemic: A case study	Wahab,  AYA,  Shuib, et al	Annals of Tropical Medicine and Public Health	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This case study aimed to understand the impact of COVID-19 and the resulting lockdown in Malaysia on the well-being and welfare of students. Telephone interviews of thirty-three respondents from low income families were conducted between March 18th and 31st 2020 and twenty variables were assessed. The preliminary findings obtained from this study could provide valuable insights to decision makers for short, middle, and long-term planning during the pandemic.
Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) in COVID-19 Patients in Beijing, China: A Retrospective Study	Wang,  A,  Gao, et al	Med Sci Monit	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a new infectious disease, and acute respiratory syndrome (ARDS) plays an important role in the process of disease aggravation. The detailed clinical course and risk factors of ARDS have not been well described. MATERIAL AND METHODS We retrospectively investigated the demographic, clinical, and laboratory data of adult confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Beijing Ditan Hospital from Jan 20 to Feb 29, 2020 and compared the differences between ARDS cases and non-ARDS cases. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression methods were employed to explore the risk factors associated with ARDS. RESULTS Of the 130 adult patients enrolled in this study, the median age was 46.5 (34-62) years and 76 (58.5%) were male. ARDS developed in 26 (20.0%) and 1 (0.8%) death occurred. Fever occurred in 114 patients, with a median highest temperature of 38.5 (38-39)°C and median fever duration of 8 (3-11) days. The median time from illness onset to ARDS was 10 (6-13) days, the median time to chest CT improvement was 17 (14-21) days, and median time to negative nucleic acid test result was 27 (17-33) days. Multivariate regression analysis showed increasing odds of ARDS associated with age older than 65 years (OR=4.75, 95% CL1.26-17.89, P=0.021), lymphocyte counts 0.5-1×10⁹/L (OR=8.80, 95% CL 2.22-34.99, P=0.002); 65 years), lymphopenia (≤1.0×10⁹/L), and temperature peak (≥39.1°C). These findings could help clinicians to predict which patients will have a poor prognosis at an early stage.
Acceptance of covid-19 vaccination during the covid-19 pandemic in china	Wang,  J,  Jing, et al	Vaccines	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study aimed to evaluate the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination in China and give suggestions for vaccination strategies and immunization programs accordingly. Of the 2058 participants surveyed, 1879 (91.3%) stated that they would accept COVID-19 vaccination after the vaccine becomes available, among whom 980 (52.2%) wanted to get vaccinated as soon as possible, while others (47.8%) would delay the vaccination until the vaccine’s safety was confirmed. Participants preferred a routine immunization schedule (49.4%) to emergency vaccination (9.0%) or either of them (41.6%). Logistic regression showed that being male, being married, perceiving a high risk of infection, being vaccinated against influenza in the past season, believing in the efficacy of COVID-19 vaccination or valuing doctor’s recommendations could increase the probability of accepting COVID-19 vaccination as soon as possible, while having confirmed or suspected cases in local areas, valuing vaccination convenience or vaccine price in decision-making could hinder participants from immediate vaccination.
Subjective deterioration of physical and psychological health during the COVID-19 pandemic in Taiwan: Their association with the adoption of protective behaviors and mental health problems	Wang,  PW,  Ko, et al	International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study aimed to determine the proportion of individuals who reported the deterioration of physical and psychological health during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Taiwan. Participants with higher perceived harm from COVID-19 compared with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) were more likely to report the subjective deterioration of physical and psychological health, whereas respondents who were older and perceived a higher level of social support were less likely to report a deterioration of physical and psychological health. The subjective deterioration of psychological health was significantly associated with avoiding crowded places and wearing a mask. Both subjective deteriorations of physical and psychological health positively related to general anxiety.
Functional genomic screens identify human host factors for SARS-CoV-2 and common cold coronaviruses	Wang,  Ruofan,  Simoneau, et al	bioRxiv	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	The Coronaviridae are a family of viruses that causes disease in humans ranging from mild respiratory infection to potentially lethal acute respiratory distress syndrome. Finding host factors that are common to multiple coronaviruses could facilitate the development of therapies to combat current and future coronavirus pandemics. Here, we conducted parallel genome-wide CRISPR screens in cells infected by SARS-CoV-2 as well as two seasonally circulating common cold coronaviruses, OC43 and 229E. This approach correctly identified the distinct viral entry factors ACE2 (for SARS-CoV-2), aminopeptidase N (for 229E) and glycosaminoglycans (for OC43). Additionally, we discovered phosphatidylinositol phosphate biosynthesis and cholesterol homeostasis as critical host pathways supporting infection by all three coronaviruses. By contrast, the lysosomal protein TMEM106B appeared unique to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Pharmacological inhibition of phosphatidylinositol phosphate biosynthesis and cholesterol homeostasis reduced replication of all three coronaviruses. These findings offer important insights for the understanding of the coronavirus life cycle as well as the potential development of host-directed therapies.Competing Interest StatementJ.C.S., J.O. and K.H. are employees of Synthego Corporation.
SARS-CoV-2 Receptor ACE2 Is Enriched in a Subpopulation of Mouse Tongue Epithelial Cells in Nongustatory Papillae but Not in Taste Buds or Embryonic Oral Epithelium	Wang,  Z,  Zhou, et al	ACS Pharmacology and Translational Science	Animal model | Modèle animal	As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, evidence revealed that SARS-CoV-2 infection caused taste loss at a rate higher than that of influenza. ACE2, the entry receptor of SARS-CoV-2, has been identified in the oral epithelium; however, it is unclear at what developmental stage ACE2 expression emerges and whether ACE2 is expressed in taste buds. To identify the specific developmental stage, we analyzed RNA-Seq data from embryonic and newborn mouse oral tissue. We found that robust ACE2 expression was observed in the newborn oral epithelium. In contrast, only extremely low levels, if any, of ACE2 transcripts in the embryonic stage oral tissue were found (E12.5 and E14.5). Analyses of three public scRNA-seq data sets of adult mouse tongue epithelial cells showed that receptors for various viruses were enriched in distinct clusters of tongue epithelial cells. ACE2 was enriched in a subpopulation of epithelial cells in the basal region of nongustatory filiform papillae but not in the taste papillae or taste buds. Expression of ACE2 was detected in a small proportion of type III taste cells. Our results indicate that when applied across species, nongustatory papilla epithelial cells are the prime targets for SARS-CoV-2 infection in the tongue; thus, taste loss in COVID-19 patients is likely not caused by a direct infection of SARS-CoV-2 to taste bud cells. Additionally, fetuses at different stages of development may have distinct susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection. © 2020 American Chemical Society.
COVID-19 survey among people who use drugs in three cities in Norway	Welle-Strand,  G,  Skurtveit, et al	Drug and alcohol dependence	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	Background: Little is known regarding what people who use drugs (PWUD) know about COVID-19 related issues and changes in the drug market due to COVID-19. We therefore conducted a survey to explore these issues. Methods: In a cross-sectional study, we interviewed 226 PWUD from three Norwegian cities in May/June 2020. Participants completed an interview-administrated questionnaire. Three separate multiple binary logistic regression models were estimated with the outcomes (no/yes): 1. Familiarity with COVID-19 symptoms, 2. Awareness of COVID-19 services tailored towards PWUD and, 3. Willingness to take a COVID-19 test. Results: The mean age was 44.1 years and 73 % were males. Fifty-four percent were injectors, and heroin/other opioids (35.8 %) and cocaine/amphetamine (25.2 %) were the most common main drugs used. Overall, 54.9 % were in opioid maintenance treatment (OMT). The majority (65.9 %) stated they knew the COVID-19 symptoms. Almost all the participants (91.2 %) reported they would take a COVID-19 test if experiencing relevant symptoms. The majority (63.7 %) were not aware of COVID-19 services available to PWUD. OMT patients were more likely to be familiar with COVID-19 symptoms (aOR = 3.4, 95 % CI 1.7; 6.8), and to be aware of COVID-19 services (aOR = 2.7, 95 % CI 1.1; 6.3). Overall, 35.4 % reported reduced drug availability, mainly for tranquilizers, while 61.5 % reported increased drug prices, mainly for cannabis. Conclusion: Drug treatment may play an important role in COVID-19 prevention, as those in OMT were more likely to be aware of symptoms and of availability of services. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.
Modeling between-population variation in COVID-19 dynamics in Hubei, Lombardy, and New York City	Wilder,  B,  Charpignon, et al	Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	As the COVID-19 pandemic continues, formulating targeted policy interventions that are informed by differential severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission dynamics will be of vital importance to national and regional governments. We develop an individual-level model for SARS-CoV-2 transmission that accounts for location-dependent distributions of age, household structure, and comorbidities. We use these distributions together with age-stratified contact matrices to instantiate specific models for Hubei, China; Lombardy, Italy; and New York City, United States. Using data on reported deaths to obtain a posterior distribution over unknown parameters, we infer differences in the progression of the epidemic in the three locations. We also examine the role of transmission due to particular age groups on total infections and deaths. The effect of limiting contacts by a particular age group varies by location, indicating that strategies to reduce transmission should be tailored based on population-specific demography and social structure. These findings highlight the role of between-population variation in formulating policy interventions. Across the three populations, though, we find that targeted "salutary sheltering" by 50% of a single age group may substantially curtail transmission when combined with the adoption of physical distancing measures by the rest of the population.
Patient Perceptions of COVID-19-Related Surgical Delay: An Analysis of Patients Awaiting Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty	Wilson,  JM,  Schwartz, et al	HSS Journal	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	Background: COVID-19 has caused unprecedented delays in elective orthopedic surgery. Understanding patients’ perceptions of the disruptions in care and their willingness to reengage the healthcare system are crucial to planning the resumption of elective care. Questions/Purposes: The purpose of this study was to elicit patient perceptions about delays in total joint arthroplasty during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: We identified a consecutive series of patients who experienced COVID-19-driven delays to scheduled total hip or knee arthroplasty at an urban, academic medical center in the Southeastern United States. A 20-item survey was administered via telephone. Answers were recorded and descriptive statistics were performed. A post hocχ-square analysis compared characteristics and outlooks of patients who did and did not immediately desire surgery. Results: Of 111 patients (64% of those identified) who met inclusion criteria and completed the survey, 96% said they felt that they were treated fairly and 90% said that the surgical delay was in their best interest; 68% reported emotional distress from the delay, but 45% reported a desire to wait longer for the pandemic to subside. Lower joint-function scores, higher pain levels, higher pain catastrophizing scores, and longer latency from personally deciding to pursue surgery were associated with the reported need for immediate surgery. Conclusion: Overall, patients reported that they understood the need for elective surgical delays during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the psychological implications they reported were not negligible. Patient preference for immediate reengagement with the healthcare system was dichotomous, with many patients favoring precautionarily furthering the delay. Understanding these preferences will help optimize elective orthopedic care during unprecedented times. © 2020, Hospital for Special Surgery.
Nosocomial COVID-19 Infection and Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia in Patients Hospitalized for Alcoholic Liver Disease: A Case Report	Wiśniewska,  H,  Skowron, et al	Am J Case Rep	Clinical data| Données cliniques	BACKGROUND COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2. It has spread rapidly through the world, endangering human life. The main target of COVID-19 is the lungs; however, it can involve other organs, including the liver. Patients with severe COVID-19 have an increased incidence of abnormal liver function, and patients with liver disorders are considered to be at a higher risk of severe COVID-19 infection. The mechanism of liver injury reported in 14% to 53% of COVID-19 patients is poorly recognized and several possibilities need to be considered (cytokine storm, direct viral action, hypoxia). The incidence of underlying liver comorbidities in patients with a COVID-19 infection ranges from 1% to 11%. CASE REPORT This is a report of 2 nosocomial COVID-19 infections and severe COVID-19 pneumonia in 2 patients who were hospitalized during treatment for alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Case 1 and case 2 were a 31-year-old woman and a 40-year-old woman, respectively, with decompensated ALD and symptoms of the COVID-19 infection. Both patients were transferred from another hospital to our hospital after confirmation of COVID-19 during their hospitalization. The course of the infection progressed rapidly in both patients with the development of multiple-organ failure and death over a short period. CONCLUSIONS There are no clear recommendations on the management of ALD in the COVID-19 pandemic. Alcoholic hepatitis may be a risk factor for severe COVID-19 and a poor outcome. A high percentage of nosocomial COVID-19 infections are observed; therefore, special precautions should be taken to minimize the risk of COVID-19 exposure.
Hybrid TODIM Method with Crisp Number and Probability Linguistic Term Set for Urban Epidemic Situation Evaluation	Wu,  W,  Xu, et al	Complexity	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	Emergency medical services during the COVID-19 epidemic have become the focus of worldwide attention, and how to effectively respond to urban epidemic situation during a complex environment has become a global challenge. Emergency decision-making can be considered as a multicriteria decision-making (MCDM) problem, which involves multiple criteria or attributes about qualitative and quantitative aspects. So, in this paper, based on the TODIM method, a hybrid TODIM method with crisp number and probability linguistic term set is first provided to evaluate the severity of urban COVID-19 epidemic situation during a complex humanitarian crisis environment. In this hybrid method, the quantitative aspects are evaluated on the basis of precise numerical values, and the qualitative aspects are evaluated by means of probability linguistic term set, which can not only express their judgments or linguistic preference with multiple linguistic terms but also reflect different importance degrees or probability degrees of all the possible linguistic information or preference information. In addition, the concept of entropy and probability linguistic entropy is applied to induce hybrid criteria weight information. Furthermore, sensitivity analysis of the parameter about attenuation factor of the losses in the hybrid TODIM method, which considers the psychology factors and cognitive behavior of the DMs, is further conducted on a case study, to verify the effectiveness and stability of the proposed method for urban epidemic situation evaluation according to the results of this study. © 2020 Wenshuai Wu and Zeshui Xu.
Statistical Analysis of Dispelling Rumors on Sina Weibo	Wu,  Y,  Deng, et al	Complexity	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	Analyzing the process and results of dispelling rumors is a prerequisite for designing an effective anti-rumor strategy. Current research on this subject focuses on the simulation experiments, short of empirical study. By using the False Information Publicity Results of Sina Weibo as the data source of empirical research, this article compares the typical features of rumor and anti-rumor accounts. Furthermore, taking COVID-19 as the target topic, distributions of the reported time, frequency, platform penalty levels, and diffusion parameters of rumors related to COVID-19 are given, and some interesting results are obtained. © 2020 Yue Wu et al.
Cognitive Reappraisal and the Association Between Perceived Stress and Anxiety Symptoms in COVID-19 Isolated People	Xu,  C,  Xu, et al	Frontiers in Psychiatry	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The purpose of this study is to examine how the emotion regulation strategy, cognitive reappraisal, affects the association between perceived stress and anxiety symptoms in COVID-19 isolated people. Data for this cross-sectional study come from a community-based online survey of COVID-19 isolated people (N = 328), who are not infected with the 2019-nCoV virus. We applied correlation and moderating effect for data analysis and found that cognitive reappraisal negatively moderated the relationship between perceived stress and anxiety symptoms. These results give us a new perspective on understanding the relationship between anxiety symptoms and perceived stress by clarifying the protective function of cognitive reappraisal. It buffers the induced negative emotion when COVID-19 isolated people perceive overpressure, and thus instigates future research into targeted clinical interventions, which aim to cultivate cognitive reappraisal skills for those isolated people in the face of stressful events or crisis events. © Copyright © 2020 Xu, Xu, Xu, Zhang, Liu, Shao, Xu, Peng and Li.
Forecast analysis of the epidemics trend of COVID-19 in the USA by a generalized fractional-order SEIR model	Xu,  C,  Yu, et al	Nonlinear Dynamics	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Transmission	In this paper, a generalized fractional-order SEIR model is proposed, denoted by SEIQRP model, which divided the population into susceptible, exposed, infectious, quarantined, recovered and insusceptible individuals and has a basic guiding significance for the prediction of the possible outbreak of infectious diseases like the coronavirus disease in 2019 (COVID-19) and other insect diseases in the future. Firstly, some qualitative properties of the model are analyzed. The basic reproduction number R is derived. When R 1 , the endemic equilibrium point is also unique. Furthermore, some conditions are established to ensure the local asymptotic stability of disease-free and endemic equilibrium points. The trend of COVID-19 spread in the USA is predicted. Considering the influence of the individual behavior and government mitigation measurement, a modified SEIQRP model is proposed, defined as SEIQRPD model, which is divided the population into susceptible, exposed, infectious, quarantined, recovered, insusceptible and dead individuals. According to the real data of the USA, it is found that our improved model has a better prediction ability for the epidemic trend in the next two weeks. Hence, the epidemic trend of the USA in the next two weeks is investigated, and the peak of isolated cases is predicted. The modified SEIQRP model successfully capture the development process of COVID-19, which provides an important reference for understanding the trend of the outbreak. © 2020, Springer Nature B.V.
The rise of COVID-19 cases is associated with support for world leaders	Yam,  KC,  Jackson, et al	Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	COVID-19 has emerged as one of the deadliest and most disruptive events in recent human history. Drawing from political science and psychological theories, we examine the effects of daily confirmed cases in a country on citizens' support for the political leader through the first 120 d of 2020. Using three unique datasets which comprise daily approval ratings of head of government (n = 1,411,200) across 11 world leaders (Australia, Brazil, Canada, France, Germany, Hong Kong, India, Japan, Mexico, the United Kingdom, and the United States) and weekly approval ratings of governors across the 50 states in the United States (n = 912,048), we find a strong and significant positive association between new daily confirmed and total confirmed COVID-19 cases in the country and support for the heads of government. These analyses show that political leaders received a boost in approval in the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic. Moreover, these findings suggest that the previously documented "rally 'round the flag" effect applies beyond just intergroup conflict.
Diffusion processes in multilayer transportation networks: The flight of the Coronavirus	Yamamoto-Elizalde,  A,  Hernández-Lemus, et al	Revista Mexicana de Fisica	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Transmission	At the end of December of 2019, a new type of coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, responsible of the disease now called COVID-19, started spreading in Wuhan, China and later throughout the world. Due to the global emergency state, the official pandemic declaration by the World Health Organization, as well as the need to investigate more about the danger Mexico is in, we worked on analyzing the risk of the COVID-19 importation to Mexico through the Air Transportation Network with a multilayer network approach. Based on the data obtained from the public data bases of OpenFlights, we created a multiplex network in which nodes represented airports, flights represented links, and airlines represented layers. We then simulated the propagation of the coronavirus using an unbiased random walk model with probability p = 1 of infection once the random walker steps in a certain airport. We found the COVID-19 spread behavior the first month is anomalous (subdiffusion) and later behaves as a normal diffusion. We also found the risk of importing the virus to Mexico increases linearly over time and after approximately one year, there is almost a 90% probability of being infected. However, it is important to mention this high risk is due to contagions by people from other countries (not China) which have already confirmed cases of coronavirus. We concluded the risk of importing the COVID-19 to Mexico is almost ineludible over time unless effective medical interventions are imposed. © 2020 Sociedad Mexicana de Fisica.
32871180; CCL28 mucosal expression in SARS-CoV-2-infected patients with diarrhea in relation to disease severity	Yan,  Yan,  Jiang, et al	Journal of Infection	Clinical data| Données cliniques	In this retrospective study, we included 55 hospitalized COVID-19 patients between January 25 and March 31, 2020  in a regional business hub Wuxi of China, during the lockdown period, and analyzed the demographic and medical data. We investigated the diarrhea symptom and CCL28 mucosal expression from three cohorts: COVID-19 patients, patients with fever, and negative control (NC) patients. Twenty (36.4%) of 55 COVID-19 patients developed diarrhea, and the incidence of diarrhea in mild illness group (40%, 18/45) was two-fold higher than that of severe illness group (20%, 2/10). There were no statistically significant differences in blood lymphocyte counts (the lowest counts during hospitalization) between individuals with and without diarrhea (p ≥ 0.05). However, some individuals with lower lymphocyte counts were found in the group without diarrhea (<1.1 × 109/L) and those patients accompanied with severe clinical manifestations. CCL28 can represent the responsiveness of respiratory and gastrointestinal mucosal immunity. We therefore used real-time RT-PCR to examine the epithelial expression level of CCL28 mRNA in the posterior oropharyngeal mucosa of SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals and suspected respiratory outpatient paired individuals with fever . We found that CCL28 expression levels increased in patients both before and after having diarrhea symptoms and those patients displayed less severe respiratory syndrome symptoms, indicating a good mucosal immune response which may reduce disease severity. Our results provide a basis for studying the role of CCL28 in mucosal immunity related to SARS-CoV-2 infection and its relationship with clinical outcomes.
Psychological impact of COVID-19 on hospital workers in nursing care hospitals	Yang,  S,  Kwak, et al	Nursing Open	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	Aim: This study aimed to explore coronavirus disease-related psychological stress in hospital workers in nursing care hospitals during the coronavirus disease epidemic. Design: Cross-sectional observational study. Methods: A questionnaire survey was administered to hospital workers at three nursing care hospitals. Results: Fifty-four workers at three nursing care hospitals (9, 29 and 16 works) responded to our survey. Twenty-four workers (50%) scored ≥5 on the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale, indicating the presence of anxiety. For the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, six employees (11.1%) scored ≥10 scores, indicating the presence of depression. Workers who lived with other people with chronic underlying diseases showed significantly higher incidence of the presence of anxiety and depression. In binary logistic regression analysis, when living with persons with chronic underlying diseases, the risk of the presence of depression increased. Also, there was a higher incidence of depression in occupational therapists compared with physical therapists and nurses. © 2020 The Authors. Nursing Open published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd
Public voice via social media: Role in cooperative governance during public health emergency	Yang,  Y,  Su, et al	International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	With the development of the Internet, social networking sites have empowered the public to directly express their views about social issues and hence contribute to social change. As a new type of voice behavior, public voice on social media has aroused wide concern among scholars. However, why public voice is expressed and how it influences social development and betterment in times of public health emergencies remains unstudied. A key point is whether governments can take effective countermeasures when faced with public health emergencies. In such situation, public voice is of great significance in the formulation and implementation of coping policies. This qualitive study uses China’s Health Code policy under COVID-19 to explore why the public performs voice behavior on social media and how this influences policy evolution and product innovation through cooperative governance. A stimulus-cognition-emotion-behavior model is established to explain public voice, indicating that it is influenced by cognitive processes and public emotions under policy stimulus. What is more, as a form of public participation in cooperative governance, public voice plays a significant role in promoting policy evolution and product innovation, and represents a useful form of cooperation with governments and enterprises to jointly maintain social stability under public health emergencies. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
At-a-glance - Increases in exposure calls related to selected cleaners and disinfectants at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic: data from Canadian poison centres	Yasseen Iii,  A,  Weiss, et al	Health Promot Chronic Dis Prev Can	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	Little is known about the use or misuse of cleaning products during the COVID-19 pandemic. We compiled data from January to June in 2019 and 2020 from Canadian poison centres, and report on calls regarding selected cleaning products and present year-over-year percentage change. There were 3408 (42%) calls related to bleaches; 2015 (25%) to hand sanitizers; 1667 (21%) to disinfectants; 949 (12%) to chlorine gas; and 148 (2%) to chloramine gas. An increase in calls occurred in conjunction with the onset of COVID-19, with the largest increase occurring in March. Timely access to Canadian poison centre data facilitated early communication of safety messaging for dissemination to the public. The Canadian Surveillance System for Poison Information (CSSPI) led by Health Canada is a developing network of poison centres, health authorities and regulatory agencies that facilitates early detection of poisoning incidents and alerting at the national level to inform harm reduction interventions. In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, concerns were raised over the potential for misuse of cleaning products and disinfectants; the CSSPI network monitored and assessed these concerns. An overall increase in calls about select cleaning products and disinfectants occurred concurrently with the pandemic, with percentage increases for selected products as high as 400% compared to the same period in the previous year. eng Publisher: Abstract available from the publisher. fre
Analysis and prediction of confirmed COVID-19 cases in China with uncertain time series	Ye,  T,  Yang, et al	Fuzzy Optimization and Decision Making	Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	This paper presents an uncertain time series model to analyse and predict the evolution of confirmed COVID-19 cases in China, excluding imported cases. Compared with the results of the classical time series model, the uncertain time series model could better describe the COVID-19 epidemic by using an uncertain hypothesis test to filter out outliers. This improvement is reflected in the two observations. One is that the estimated variance of the disturbance term in the uncertain time series model is more appropriate and acceptable than that in the classical time series model, and the other is that the disturbance term of the classical time series model cannot be regarded as a random variable but as an uncertain variable. © 2020, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
COVID-19 and unequal social distancing across demographic groups	Yilmazkuday,  H	Regional Science Policy and Practice	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This paper analyses whether social distancing experienced by alternative demographic groups within the US has been different amid COVID-19. The formal investigation is achieved by using daily state-level mobility data from the US covering information on the demographic categories of income, education and race/ethnicity. The results show that social distancing has been experienced more by higher-income, higher-educated or Asian people after the declaration of National Emergency on 13 March 2020. Since alternative demographic groups were subject to alternative employment opportunities during this period (e.g., due to being able to work from home), it is implied that COVID-19 has redistributive effects that require demographic-group specific policies. © 2020 The Author(s). Regional Science Policy and Practice © 2020 RSAI
Development of a tablet PC-based portable device for colorimetric determination of assays including COVID-19 and other pathogenic microorganisms	Yoo,  WS,  Han, et al	RSC Advances	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	There has been a strong and urgent demand to diagnose community transmission-driven coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) after it crossed borders. A large number of rapid and accurate tests and diagnoses are required at drive-through test stations, community clinics and hospitals. Isothermal amplification technology, such as loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) and recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA), provides excellent alternatives for resource limited test environments. LAMP has been shown to be comparable with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and can be performed in less than 30 min by non-laboratory staff without ribonucleic acid (RNA) extractions commonly associated with PCR. LAMP tests on assays with SARS-CoV-2 and other pathogenic microorganisms, such as Dengue, Malaria, and Influenza viruses andHelicobacter pylorishow color changes allowing test results to be interpreted by the color change of the assays. However, visual inspection of a large number of assays is prone to human error and manual record keeping makes test result tracking for an epidemiologic investigation very difficult and inefficient. The epidemiologic investigation is an essential part of the fight against community transmission-driven viruses. We have developed a very accurate and reliable, human error free, tablet PC-based portable device for colorimetric determination of assays including SARS-CoV-2 and other pathogenic microorganisms. © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2020.
The evaluation of prognostic value of acute phase reactants in the COVID-19	Yormaz,  B,  Ergun, et al	Bratislava Medical Journal	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	first cases in COVID-19 pneumonia in our country. METHODS: We gathered the data of COVID-19 pneumonia participants from our electronic medical system, including daily medical knowledge and laboratory, radiological, and microbiological results between March 10 to April 7, 2020. RESULTS: Totally, 125 patients, whose fi ndings were compatible with COVID-19, were included in the study, 42 patients were excluded from the study. The distribution of genders was, 39 females (46.9 %), 44 males (53.01 %), the average age was 56.36 ± 16.25 (19-85). Hypertension above 60 years of age and diabetes mellitus under 60 years of age were the most common comorbidities. Neutrophils/ Lymphocyte percent (% NLR) was noted in 44 (53.01 %) patients, average: 3 (range 1.78-4.63). There was a statistically signifi cant and positive relationship between D-dimer and C Reactive Protein (CRP) and ferritin. CONCLUSION: We detected that comorbidities, which were seen at COVID-19 disease differ according to the patients age. Besides that D-dimer, ferritin and CRP outcomes were particularly high and had a signifi cant correlation with COVID-19 severity (Tab. 3, Fig. 2, Ref. 25). © 2020 Comenius University.
Study of SARS-CoV-2 Finds Airborne Particles, but Are They Infective?	Young,  M	Hospital Infection Control and Prevention	Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI) Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	The authors looked for evidence of contamination of surfaces in isolation units where COVID-19 patients were housed. Each patient had a private room and bathroom and health care workers took all precautions. Viral shedding varied considerably. Of the total 163 samples collected in the study, 77% of all personal items sampled were determined to be positive for SARS-CoV-2 by PCR, 83% cellphones tested positive, 65% of TV remotes, 81% room toilets, 75% of the bedside tables and bed rails and 82% of the window ledges. Air sample tested positive in 63% in-room air and 67% of hallway air samples. It was suggest that there was significant environmental contamination in rooms where patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 were housed irrespective of the degree of symptoms. Contamination with virus was found in all types of air samples, surface samples, personal items, room surfaces, and toilets.
Inborn errors of type I IFN immunity in patients with life-threatening COVID-19	Zhang,  Q,  Bastard, et al	Science	Immunology | Immunologie	Clinical outcome upon infection with SARS-CoV-2 ranges from silent infection to lethal COVID-19. We have found an enrichment in rare variants predicted to be loss-of-function (LOF) at the 13 human loci known to govern TLR3- and IRF7-dependent type I interferon (IFN) immunity to influenza virus, in 659 patients with life-threatening COVID-19 pneumonia, relative to 534 subjects with asymptomatic or benign infection. By testing these and other rare variants at these 13 loci, we experimentally define LOF variants in 23 patients (3.5%), aged 17 to 77 years, underlying autosomal recessive or dominant deficiencies. We show that human fibroblasts with mutations affecting this pathway are vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2. Inborn errors of TLR3- and IRF7-dependent type I IFN immunity can underlie life-threatening COVID-19 pneumonia in patients with no prior severe infection.
Diagnosis of COVID-19 Pneumonia Using Chest Radiography: Value of Artificial Intelligence	Zhang,  R,  Tie, et al	Radiology	Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	This study aimed to develop an artificial intelligence algorithm to differentiate COVID-19 pneumonia from other causes of CXR abnormalities. A total of 2060 patients (5806 CXRs; mean age 62 ± 16, 1059 men) with COVID-19 pneumonia and 3148 patients (5300 CXRs; mean age 64 ± 18, 1578 men) with non-COVID-19 pneumonia were included and split into training + validation and test datasets. CV19-Net was able to differentiate COVID-19 related pneumonia from other types of pneumonia with performance exceeding that of experienced thoracic radiologists.
The SARS-CoV-2 host cell receptor ACE2 correlates positively with immunotherapy response and is a potential protective factor for cancer progression	Zhang,  Z,  Li, et al	Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal	Immunology | Immunologie	We performed computational analyses of associations between ACE2 expression and antitumor immunity, immunotherapy response, oncogenic pathways, tumor progression phenotypes, and clinical outcomes in 13 cancer cohorts. We found that ACE2 upregulation was associated with increased antitumor immune signatures and PD-L1 expression, and favorable anti-PD-1/PD-L1/CTLA-4 immunotherapy response. ACE2 expression levels inversely correlated with the activity of cell cycle, mismatch repair, TGF-β, Wnt, VEGF, and Notch signaling pathways. Moreover, ACE2 expression levels had significant inverse correlations with tumor proliferation, stemness, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. ACE2 upregulation was associated with favorable survival in pan-cancer and in multiple individual cancer types. These results suggest that ACE2 is a potential protective factor for cancer progression.
Air pollution episodes during the COVID-19 outbreak in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region of China: An insight into the transport pathways and source distribution	Zhao,  N,  Wang, et al	Environmental Pollution	Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	Analysis of the characteristics and source distribution of large-scale air pollution episodes during the COVID-19 outbreak in the BTH region is helpful for exploring the efficacy of control measures and policy making. The results indicated that the BTH region suffered two large-scale air pollution episodes (23–28 January and 8–13 February), which were characterized by elevated PM2.5, SO2, NO2, and CO concentrations, while the O3 concentration decreased by 1.5%–33.9% (except in Shijiazhuang, where it increased by 16.6% during the second episode). These large-scale air pollution episodes were dominated by unfavorable meteorological conditions comprising a low wind speed and increased relative humidity. The short-distance air masses from the southern and southwestern areas of the BTH region were the main transport pathways of airflow arriving in the BTH region during the second episode. These contributed 51.9%–57.9% of the total trajectories and originated in Hebei, Henan, central Shanxi, and Shaanxi provinces, which were the areas contributing the most to the PM2.5 level and exhibited the highest PSCF and CWT values.
Network pharmacology analysis of the therapeutic mechanisms of the traditional Chinese herbal formula Lian Hua Qing Wen in Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19), gives fundamental support to the clinical use of LHQW	Zheng,  S,  Baak, et al	Phytomedicine	Therapeutics| Thérapeutique Immunology | Immunologie	This is an extensive detailed Network Pharmacology analysis of the traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) herbal formula Lian Hua Qing Wen (LHQW) treatment mechanism in COVID-19. Detailed network analysis shows, that LHQW herbal TCM treatment modulates the inflammatory process, exerts antiviral effects and repairs lung injury. Moreover, it also relieves the “cytokine storm” and improves ACE2-expression-disorder-caused symptoms. These innovative findings give a rational pharmacological basis and support for treating COVID-19 and possibly other diseases with LHQW.
32889972; Predictive Computed Tomography and Clinical Features for Diagnosis of COVID-19 Pneumonia: Compared With Common Viral Pneumonia	Zhou,  C,  Luo, et al	Journal of computer assisted tomography	Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	OBJECTIVE: To determine the predictive computed tomography (CT) and clinical features for diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia. METHODS: The CT and clinical data including were analyzed using univariate analysis and multinomial logistic regression, followed by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. RESULTS: The factors including size of ground grass opacity (GGO), GGO with reticular and/or interlobular septal thickening, vascular enlargement, "tree-in-bud" opacity, centrilobular nodules, and stuffy or runny nose were associated with the 2 groups of viral pneumonia, as determined by univariate analysis (P < 0.05). Only GGO with reticular and/or interlobular septal thickening, centrilobular nodules, and stuffy or runny nose remained independent risk factors in multinomial logistic regression analysis. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the area under curve of the obtained logistic regression model was 0.893. CONCLUSION: Computed tomography and clinical features including GGO with reticular and/or interlobular septal thickening, absence of centrilobular nodules, and absence of stuffy or runny nose are potential patients with COVID-19 pneumonia.
Tracing asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 carriers among 3674 hospital staff:a cross-sectional survey	Zhou,  F,  Li, et al	EClinicalMedicine	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Immunology | Immunologie	Background: Asymptomatic carriers were positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) without developing symptoms, which might be a potential source of infection outbreak. Here, we aim to clarify the epidemiologic and influencing factors of asymptomatic carriers in the general population. Methods: In our hospital, all hospital staff have received throat swab RT-PCR test, plasma COVID-19 IgM/IgG antibodies test and chest CT examination. We analyzed the correlation between infection rates and gender, age, job position, work place and COVID-19 knowledge training of the staff. After that, all asymptomatic staff were re-examined weekly for 3 weeks. Findings: A total of 3764 hospital staff were included in this single-center cross-sectional study. Among them, 126 hospital staff had abnormal findings, and the proportion of asymptomatic infection accounted for 0.76% (28/3674). There were 26 staff with IgM+, 73 with IgG+, and 40 with ground glass shadow of chest CT. Of all staff with abnormal findings, the older they are, the more likely they are to be the staff with abnormal results, regardless of their gender. Of 3674 hospital staff, the positive rate of labor staff is obviously higher than that of health care workers (HCWs) and administrative staff (P0.05). The positive rate of HCWs who participated in the COVID-19 knowledge training was lower than those did not participate in early training (P 0.05). During 3 weeks follow-up, all asymptomatic patients did not present the development of clinical symptoms or radiographic abnormalities after active intervention in isolation point. Interpretation: To ensure the safety of resumption of work, institutions should conduct COVID-19 prevention training for staff and screening for asymptomatic patients, and take quarantine measures as soon as possible in areas with high density of population. Funding: The Key Project for Anti-2019 novel Coronavirus Pneumonia from the Ministry of Science and Technology, China; Wuhan Emergency Technology Project of COVID-19 epidemic, China. © 2020 The Authors
Modeling the effect of tocilizumab on the case fatality rate in patients with severe covid-19	Zhukova,  OV,  Khokhlov, et al	International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	The objective was to evaluate the effect of tocilizumab on the mortality indexes in patients with severe COVID-19 by using linear graph modeling and a state transition probability matrix to describe the COVID-19 course. The input was a model group of 1000 patients, which were initially distributed by disease severity according to the statistical data. The model yields an absolute mortality of 54 patients; the fatality rate is 5.4% at the given state transition probabilities. Tocilizumab administration is intended only in severe and critical cases, where cytokine storm occurs. With this input, the model yields an absolute mortality of 48 patients (fatality rate is 4.8%). The probabilities in sensitive analysis were varied in a range of ±50% with an increment of 10%. Calculations showed that 10% decreases in probabilities p34, p35, and p45 decrease the fatality rate to the same extent, by 10.39%.
Proceedings of the 11th SETN Conference on Artificial Intelligence, SETN 2020			Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	One of the paper presented in this conference was on COVID-19 detection from chest x-ray images using deep learning and convolutional neural networks;
32929994; Sample collection and stabilization from saliva samples for SARS-CoV-2 detection by qPCR		BioTechniques	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	This paper presents the DANAGENE SPIN VIRAL RNA Kit to overcome the challenging tasks  of using saliva as the elected sample. The results demonstrate that the Kit is a non-invasive RNA self-collection kit that can be used by untrained subjects to collect saliva samples and able to stabilize total RNA at room temperature for up to 30 days. It has also been verified that the sample becomes non-infective by pathogen inactivation and it is possible to isolate the human genomic DNA present in the preserved saliva sample.
Neurology and COVID-19: Acting now. Preparing for future	Aggarwal,  A,  Singhal, et al	Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
32889022; Peptides to combat viral infectious diseases	Al-Azzam,  S,  Ding, et al	Peptides	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Dexamethasone in the era of COVID-19: Friend or foe? An essay on the effects of dexamethasone and the potential risks of its inadvertent use in patients with diabetes	Alessi,  J,  De Oliveira, et al	Diabetology and Metabolic Syndrome	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Development of a preoperative Early Warning Scoring System to identify highly suspect COVID-19 patients	Ali,  Z,  Goneppanavar, et al	Journal of Anaesthesiology Clinical Pharmacology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	SR-MA: PUBMED and MedRxiv were searched.  Based on the combined data from meta-analyses and survey, risk factors of COVID-19 disease identified were as follows: history of exposure, fever, cough, myalgias, lymphocytopaenia, elevated C-reactive protein (CRP)/lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and radiographic infiltrates.
32901703; COVID-19 and food and nutritional (in)security: action by the Brazilian Federal Government during the pandemic, with budget cuts and institutional dismantlement	Alpino,  TMA,  Santos, et al	Cadernos de saude publica	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Safety measures for COVID-19: A review of surgical preparedness at four major medical centres in Saudi Arabia	Alsofyani,  MA,  Malaekah, et al	Patient Safety in Surgery	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Digital contact tracing technologies in epidemics: a rapid review	Anglemyer,  A,  Moore, et al	Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	Rapid Review:  search of literature from 1 January 2000 to 5 May 2020 in CENTRAL, MEDLINE, and Embase. The effectiveness of digital solutions is largely unproven as there are very few published data in real-world outbreak settings.
COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic: Fears, facts and preventive measures	Ayenigbara,  IO,  Adeleke, et al	GERMS	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Genetic and pathogenic characterization of SARS-CoV-2: A review	Bahrami,  A,  Ferns, et al	Future Virology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
32920565; Natural selection versus creation: A literature review on the origin of SARS-COV-2	Barh,  D,  Andrade, et al	Infezioni in Medicina	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
“Picturing” Xenophobia: Visual Framing of Masks During COVID-19 and Its Implications for Advocacy in Technical Communication	Batova,  T	Journal of Business and Technical Communication	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
The early response of plastic and reconstructive surgery services to the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review	Boyce,  L,  Nicolaides, et al	Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	SR: An electronic database search of MEDLINE (via Ovid), EMBASE, PubMed, SCOPUS, Cochrane Central and Web of Science Core Collection was conducted and limited to records published in 2019 and 2020, up until 1 May 2020. he findings of this review can prove beneficial to other plastic surgery departments in informing their response strategies to the pandemic and in a second wave of the disease.
WAR IN YEMEN: NO END IN SIGHT AS THE STATE DISINTEGRATES	Brehony,  N	Asian Affairs	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
The role of the urologist, BCG vaccine administration, and SARS-COV-2: An overview	Brooks,  NA,  Narayan, et al	BJU international	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Travel-related control measures to contain the COVID-19 pandemic: a rapid review	Burns,  J,  Movsisyan, et al	Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	Rapid Review: searched MEDLINE, Embase and COVID-19-specific databases, including the WHO Global Database on COVID-19 Research, the Cochrane COVID-19 Study Register, and the CDC COVID-19 Research Database on 26 June 2020. With much of the evidence deriving from modelling studies, notably for travel restrictions reducing cross-border travel and quarantine of travellers, there is a lack of 'real-life' evidence for many of these measures. The certainty of the evidence for most travel-related control measures is very low and the true effects may be substantially different from those reported here.
COVID-19 and teacher education: a literature review of online teaching and learning practices	Carrillo,  C,  Flores, et al	European Journal of Teacher Education	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Pandemics, public-private partnerships (PPPs), and force majeure | COVID-19 expectations and implications	Casady,  CB,  Baxter, et al	Construction Management and Economics	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Cytokine Storm in COVID-19: “When You Come Out of the Storm, You Won’t Be the Same Person Who Walked in”	Castelli,  V,  Cimini, et al	Frontiers in Immunology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Impact of COVID-19 on cancer patients: A review	Cavalcanti,  IDL,  Soares, et al	Asia Pac J Clin Oncol	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Impacts of COVID-19 on Liver Cancers: During and after the Pandemic	Chan,  SL,  Kudo, et al	Liver Cancer	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Advances on Synthesis, Derivatization and Bioactivity of Isatin: A Review	Chauhan,  G,  Pathak, et al	Curr Org Synth	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Similarities and Differences of Early Pulmonary CT Features of Pneumonia Caused by SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV: Comparison Based on a Systemic Review	Chen,  X,  Zhang, et al	Chin Med Sci J	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	SR:  Electronic database were searched to identify all original articles and case reports presenting chest CT features for adult patients with COVID-19, SARS and MERS pneumonia respectively. Early signs of COVID-19 pneumonia showed less severity of inflammation. Early fibrotic changes appeared in SARS only. MERS had more severe inflammatory changes including cavitation and pleural effusion. The differences may indicate the specific pathophysiological processes for each coronavirus pneumonia.
Things must not fall apart: the ripple effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on children in sub-Saharan Africa	Coker,  M,  Folayan, et al	Pediatr Res	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Health risks and outcomes that disproportionately affect women during the Covid-19 pandemic: A review	Connor,  J,  Madhavan, et al	Social Science and Medicine	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Possible Retinal Impairment Secondary to Ritonavir Use in SARS-CoV-2 Patients: A Narrative Systematic Review	Cozzupoli,  GM,  Savastano, et al	Journal of Ophthalmology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	SR: PubMed was used to perform a systematic review of ritonavir effects and retinal damage. All studies up to December 2019 were considered.  In the present study, we hypothesized that the use of ritonavir in life-saving treatments of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pneumonia might expose these patients to the risk of developing a retinotoxicity.
Mindful Well-Being and Learning	Currie,  HN	Journal of chemical education	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
The Case Fatality Rate in COVID-19 Patients With Cardiovascular Disease: Global Health Challenge and Paradigm in the Current Pandemic	Dan,  S,  Pant, et al	Current Pharmacology Reports	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
COVID-19 therapy: What weapons do we bring into battle?	de Almeida,  SMV,  Santos Soares, et al	Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Epidemiology, clinical aspects, laboratory diagnosis and treatment of rickettsial diseases in the mediterranean area during COVID-19 pandemic: A review of the literature	de Vito,  A,  Geremia, et al	Mediterranean Journal of Hematology and Infectious Diseases	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
32911064; Biosensor and molecular-based methods for the detection of human coronaviruses: A review	Demeke Teklemariam,  A,  Samaddar, et al	Molecular and cellular probes	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Europe's Covid-19 outliers: German, Austrian and Swiss policy responses during the early stages of the 2020 pandemic	Desson,  Z,  Lambertz, et al	Health Policy and Technology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
An analysis of the policy responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in France, Belgium, and Canada	Desson,  Z,  Weller, et al	Health Policy and Technology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
The COVID-19 Pandemic and Plastic Surgery: Literature Review, Ethical Analysis, and Proposed Guidelines	Dorfman,  R,  Saadat, et al	Plast Reconstr Surg	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Does Universal Testing for COVID-19 Work for Everyone?	Dumyati,  G,  Gaur, et al	Journal of the American Medical Directors Association	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Nigerian budgetary response to the COVID-19 pandemic and its shrinking fiscal space: financial sustainability, employment, social inequality and business implications	Ejiogu,  A,  Okechukwu, et al	Journal of Public Budgeting, Accounting and Financial Management	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
A review on energy supply chain resilience through optimization	Emenike,  SN,  Falcone, et al	Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Body mass index associated with severity and mortality of patients with coronavirus disease 2019: A systematic review and meta-analysis	Fang,  Chao,  Zhou, et al	Research Square prepub	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	SR-MA: systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) for studies published as of September 3, 2020.  Higher BMI on admission is associated with severity and mortality of patients with COVID-19, but lower BMI is associated with mortality of patients with COVID-19 in the ICU or geriatric ward.
Future developments in biosensors for field-ready SARS-CoV-2 virus diagnostics	Fani,  M,  Zandi, et al	Biotechnol Appl Biochem	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Current methods for stress marker detection in saliva	Giacomello,  G,  Scholten, et al	Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
A Reality Check on Antiphospholipid Antibodies in COVID-19-Associated Coagulopathy	Gkrouzman,  E,  Barbhaiya, et al	Arthritis and Rheumatology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Viral infection and smell loss: The case of COVID-19	Glezer,  I,  Bruni-Cardoso, et al	J Neurochem	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
The role of the INTOSAI Development Initiative (IDI) in strengthening the capacity and performance of supreme audit institutions in developing countries	Gørrissen,  E	Journal of Public Budgeting, Accounting and Financial Management	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Control measures for sars-cov-2: A review on light-based inactivation of single-stranded rna viruses	Hadi,  J,  Dunowska, et al	Pathogens	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Phototherapy as a rational antioxidant treatment modality in covid-19 management; new concept and strategic approach: Critical review	Hanna,  R,  Dalvi, et al	Antioxidants	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
The great reanimation	Hirsch,  PB	Journal of Business Strategy	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
PMC7253768; Current knowledge of COVID-19 and infection prevention and control strategies in healthcare settings: A global analysis	Islam,  MS,  Rahman, et al	Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Child welfare in the midst of the coronavirus pandemic—Emerging evidence from Germany	Jentsch,  B,  Schnock, et al	Child Abuse and Neglect	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Telehealth for Cancer Care in Veterans: Opportunities and Challenges Revealed by COVID	Jiang,  CY,  El-Kouri, et al	JCO Oncol Pract	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
RNA-dependent RNA polymerase: Structure, mechanism, and drug discovery for COVID-19	Jiang,  Y,  Yin, et al	Biochemical and biophysical research communications	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Do free radical NETwork and oxidative stress disparities in African Americans enhance their vulnerability to SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 severity?	Kalyanaraman,  B	Redox Biology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Impact of the covid-19 pandemic on the oncological practice	Kaprin,  AD,  Gameeva, et al	Siberian Journal of Oncology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	SR: information sources were taken from Pubmed, MedLine, Scopus, Web of Science, and RSCI systems. To date, the groups of increased risk of being infected with a new coronavirus have been identified. These groups include cancer patients. Despite the pandemic, treatment of cancer patients must be continued, since the presence of a tumor process does not allow the therapy to be delayed.
Biosafety Concerns During the Collection, Transportation, and Processing of COVID-19 Samples for Diagnosis	Karthik,  K,  Aravindh Babu, et al	Archives of Medical Research	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Therapeutic status of hydroxychloroquine in COVID-19: A review	Kaur,  K,  Kaushal, et al	Journal of Anaesthesiology Clinical Pharmacology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
32800805; COVID-19 Vaccine: A comprehensive status report	Kaur,  SP,  Gupta, et al	Virus research	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
How fast is the peer-review process for orthopaedic publications related to the Covid-19 pandemic?	Khalifa,  AA,  Ahmed, et al	Journal of Clinical Orthopaedics and Trauma	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Review article COVID-19 public health measures during national assembly elections of the republic of korea	Kim,  EY,  Kim, et al	Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
The rise of E-Sports and potential for Post-COVID continued growth	Kim,  YH,  Nauright, et al	Sport in Society	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
32936689; Targeted, Site-Specific, Delivery Vehicles of Therapeutics for COVID-19 Patients. Brief Review	Kipshidze,  N,  Iversen, et al	Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Principles of Rajayakshma management for COVID-19	Kumar Singh,  S,  Rajoria, et al	Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Making Waves Perspectives of Modelling and Monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 in Aquatic Environment for COVID-19 Pandemic	Kumar,  M,  Mohapatra, et al	Current Pollution Reports	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
SARS-CoV-2: Mechanism of infection and emerging technologies for future prospects	Li,  S,  Li, et al	Reviews in medical virology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Review of ventilation strategies to reduce the risk of disease transmission in high occupancy buildings	Lipinski,  T,  Ahmad, et al	International Journal of Thermofluids	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
32936693; Men and COVID-19: A Pathophysiologic Review	Lipsky,  MS,  Hung, et al	American Journal of Men's Health	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Thrombotic Risk and Covid-19: Review of Current Evidence for a Better Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approach	López-Reyes,  R,  Oscullo, et al	Archivos de Bronconeumologia	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
32933641; Possibility of mother-to-child vertical transmission of coronavirus infection from the perspectives of severe acute respiratory syndrome, Middle East respiratory syndrome, and coronavirus disease 2019	Luo,  F,  Du, et al	Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Antibiotic potentiation of natural products: A promising target to fight pathogenic bacteria	Mahomoodally,  MF,  Sadeer, et al	Curr Drug Targets	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Role of telemedicine and telegenetics framework for the management of cancer patients during the COVID-19 pandemic	Mansouri,  F	Biointerface Research in Applied Chemistry	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Neurological complications with COVID-19: A contemporaneous review	Maramattom,  BV,  Bhattacharjee, et al	Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Endocrinological disorders and inflammatory skin diseases during COVID-19 outbreak. A review of the literature	Marasca,  C,  Fabbrocini, et al	Minerva Endocrinol	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Psychotherapy at a Distance	Markowitz,  JC,  Milrod, et al	Am J Psychiatry	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
DISINFECTANTS and DEVICES for SURFACE and AIR DISINFECTION in DENTAL OFFICES	Matys,  J,  Grzech-Leśniak, et al	Journal of Stomatology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
SARS-CoV-2 in environmental perspective: Occurrence, persistence, surveillance, inactivation and challenges	Mohan,  SV,  Hemalatha, et al	Chemical Engineering Journal	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
32933891; Interleukin-6 and severe COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis	Mojtabavi,  H,  Saghazadeh, et al	European cytokine network	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	SR-MA:  systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar on April 19, 2020. Meta-analysis and meta-regression reveal a reliable relationship between IL-6 and COVID-19 severity, independent of age and sex.
Can pentoxifylline and similar xanthine derivatives find a niche in COVID-19 therapeutic strategies? A ray of hope in the midst of the pandemic	Monji,  F,  Al-Mahmood Siddiquee, et al	European journal of pharmacology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Systematic Review of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy and Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction via Group Videoconferencing: Feasibility, Acceptability, Safety, and Efficacy	Moulton-Perkins,  A,  Moulton, et al	Journal of Psychotherapy Integration	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	SR:  Evidence regarding mindfulness or self-compassion as potential mechanisms of action was inconclusive.
Management of patients diagnosed or suspected with covid-19 in cardiorespiratory arrest: A scoping review	Nascimento,  JCP,  Rocha, et al	Texto e Contexto Enfermagem	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	ScR:  Search was performed in ten data sources, and two electronic search engines were used; from 2001 to 2020. managing patients in cardiorespiratory arrest suspected or diagnosis with COVID-19 requiring cardiopulmonary resuscitation should be performed in isolation areas and with the use of adequate protective equipment.
Understanding genomic diversity, pan-genome, and evolution of SARS-CoV-2	Parlikar,  A,  Kalia, et al	PeerJ	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
32935813; Laboratory findings in SARS-CoV-2 infections: State of the art	Pereira,  MAM,  Barros, et al	Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira (1992)	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Differences between clinical protocols for the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) in andalusia, spain	Pérez-Belmonte,  LM,  López-Carmona, et al	International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
The Association Between Chronic Kidney Disease and New Onset Renal Replacement Therapy on the Outcome of COVID-19 Patients: A Meta-analysis	Pranata,  R,  Supriyadi, et al	Clinical Medicine Insights: Circulatory, Respiratory and Pulmonary Medicine	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	SR-MA: Systematic literature search was performed through PubMed, SCOPUS, EuropePMC, and Cochrane Central Database on 23 April 2020. CKD and new-onset RRT were associated with poor outcome in patients with COVID-19. ©
Right heart catheterization for pulmonary hypertension during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic	Qaiser,  KN,  Lane, et al	Pulmonary Circulation	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Government-use license and stem cell-based pharmaceuticals patent: Equitable access to COVID-19 medications	Rahmah,  M	Utopia y Praxis Latinoamericana	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Coronaviruses in wild birds - A potential and suitable vector for global distribution	Rahman,  MM,  Talukder, et al	Vet Med Sci	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Glycogen synthase kinase-3: A putative target to combat severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic	Rana,  AK,  Rahmatkar, et al	Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
32927589; A Telemedicine Approach to Covid-19 Assessment and Triage	Reiss,  AB,  De Leon, et al	Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Identification of Novel Candidate Epitopes on SARS-CoV-2 Proteins for South America: A Review of HLA Frequencies by Country	Requena,  D,  Médico, et al	Frontiers in Immunology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Environmental effects of COVID-19 pandemic and potential strategies of sustainability	Rume,  T,  Islam, et al	Heliyon	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Antimalarials as antivirals for COVID-19: Believe it or not!	Saha,  BK,  Bonnier, et al	American Journal of the Medical Sciences	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Favipiravir versus other antiviral or standard of care for COVID-19 treatment: a rapid systematic review and meta-analysis	Shrestha,  DB,  Budhathoki, et al	Virol J	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	Rapid Review-MA: Databases like Pubmed, Pubmed Central, Scopus, Embase, Google Scholar, preprint sites, and clinicaltirals.gov were searched until 20th August, 2020. There is a significant clinical and radiological improvement following treatment with FVP in comparison to the standard of care with no significant differences on viral clearance, oxygen support requirement and side effect profiles.
Initial impact of COVID-19 on dialysis provision; review of international guidelines and adaptation of a hub unit's service	Simons,  T,  MacGlashan, et al	Seminars in dialysis	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Emergency neurological procedures during COVID-19 pandemic: Practical issues	Singh,  G,  Hrishi, et al	Journal of Anaesthesiology Clinical Pharmacology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Application of "Universal Formula" in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 and its innovative development	Song,  B,  Lei, et al	Chinese Journal of New Drugs	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Sustainable tourism development and competitiveness: The systematic literature review	Streimikiene,  D,  Svagzdiene, et al	Sustainable Development	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	SR
Approaches for prevention and environmental management of novel COVID-19	Tabish,  M,  Khatoon, et al	Environ Sci Pollut Res Int	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Dental clinical practice changes needed during the COVID-19 pandemic: The ‘new normal’	Tandale,  AB,  Khade, et al	Journal of the Indian Medical Association	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Additive manufacturing in fighting against novel coronavirus COVID-19	Tarfaoui,  M,  Nachtane, et al	International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Perspective: Cancer Patient Management Challenges During the COVID-19 Pandemic	Terracciano,  D,  Buonerba, et al	Frontiers in Oncology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Intensive care management of patients with COVID-19	Trikha,  A,  Singh, et al	Journal of Anaesthesiology Clinical Pharmacology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Viral Emerging Diseases: Challenges in Developing Vaccination Strategies	Trovato,  M,  Sartorius, et al	Frontiers in Immunology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Universal screening for SARS-CoV-2 infection: a rapid review	Viswanathan,  M,  Kahwati, et al	Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	Rapid Review: searched Ovid MEDLINE and the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) COVID-19 Research Articles Downloadable Database up to 26 May 2020. We searched Embase.com, the CENTRAL, and the Cochrane Covid-19 Study Register on 14 April 2020. We searched LitCovid to 4 April 2020. The World Health Organization (WHO) provided records from daily searches in Chinese databases and in PubMed up to 15 April 2020. We also searched three model repositories (Covid-Analytics, Models of Infectious Disease Agent Study MIDAS], and Society for Medical Decision Making) on 8 April 2020. The evidence base for the effectiveness of screening comes from two mathematical modelling studies and is limited by their assumptions. Low-certainty evidence suggests that screening at travel hubs may slightly slow the importation of infected cases. This review highlights the uncertainty and variation in accuracy of screening strategies.
Using Mobile Phone Data for Emergency Management: a Systematic Literature Review	Wang,  Y,  Li, et al	Information Systems Frontiers	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	SR
Cytokine storm warning and treatment progress on COVID-19	Wang,  YH,  Cai, et al	Chinese Journal of New Drugs	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
COVID-19 severity scoring systems in radiological imaging – A review	Wasilewski,  PG,  Mruk, et al	Polish Journal of Radiology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Pregnancy and COVID-19	Wastnedge,  EA,  Reynolds, et al	Physiol Rev	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Metabolic Efficacy of Phosphate Prodrugs and the Remdesivir Paradigm	Wiemer,  AJ	ACS Pharmacology and Translational Science	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
32777880; Atypical modes of COVID-19 transmission: how likely are they?	Wiwanitkit,  V	Epidemiology and health	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Perioperative Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Agents in the COVID-19 Orthopedic Patient	Wu,  CL,  Jules-Elysee, et al	HSS Journal	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
32925078; COVID-19: Review of a 21st Century Pandemic from Etiology to Neuro-psychiatric Implications	Yamamoto,  V,  Bolanos, et al	Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
An application review of artificial intelligence in prevention and cure of COVID-19 pandemic	Yu,  P,  Xia, et al	Computers, Materials and Continua	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Environmental impacts on the transmission and evolution of COVID-19 combing the knowledge of pathogenic respiratory coronaviruses	Zhan,  J,  Liu, et al	Environmental Pollution	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Chloroquine to fight COVID-19: A consideration of mechanisms and adverse effects?	Zhan,  X,  Dowell, et al	Heliyon	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Gastrointestinal symptoms, pathophysiology, and treatment in COVID-19	Zhang,  J,  Garrett, et al	Genes and Diseases	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Ultrasound Elastography for Lung Disease Assessment	Zhou,  B,  Yang, et al	IEEE Trans Ultrason Ferroelectr Freq Control	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
PMC7489892; Government support to airlines in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic	Abate,  M,  Christidis, et al	J Air Transp Manag	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Covid-19: Acts of omission	Abbasi,  K	The BMJ	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Students' Reflections on Pandemic Impacted Chemistry Learning	Abigail Jennifer,  G,  Lipin, et al	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Meeting the un Sustainable Development Goal for Sanitation and Hygiene in the Era of COVID-19	Aceng,  JR	Sustainability (United States)	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19: A Testing Time for UAE–India Relations? A Perspective from Abu Dhabi	Acharya,  A	Strategic Analysis	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Seeing COVID-19 through an urban lens	Acuto,  M,  Larcom, et al	Nature Sustainability	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
“I’m not against online teaching, but what about us?”: ICT in Ghana post Covid-19	Adarkwah,  MA	Education and Information Technologies	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Geological sites as a safe resort for post-covid-19 tourism: The case of Al Jabal Al Akhdar, Oman	Afifi,  GMH,  Negm, et al	Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Multimodality imaging of coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19): A pictorial essay	Afolabi,  BI,  Idowu, et al	Polish Journal of Radiology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Teaching Chemistry in the Time of COVID-19: Memories and the Classroom	Aguirre,  JD,  Selampinar, et al	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Multilevel responses to risks, shocks and pandemics: lessons from the evolving Chinese governance model	Ahmad,  E	Journal of Chinese Governance	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32943587; Impact of circulating SARS-CoV-2 mutant G614 on the COVID-19 pandemic	Ahmadpour,  D,  Ahmadpoor, et al	Iranian Journal of Kidney Diseases	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Rethinking Opioids, Gabapentinoids, and Pain	Alderman,  C	Sr Care Pharm	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Innate human resilience and COVID-19: Help from an old friend to beat the new enemy	Ali,  MJ	Indian J Ophthalmol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19's Impact on Women: A Stakeholder-Engagement Approach to Increase Public Awareness Through Virtual Town Halls	Allen,  S,  Julian, et al	J Public Health Manag Pract	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Covid-19 associated aspergillosis	Almyroudi,  MP,  Dimopoulos, et al	Pneumon	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32917573; Sex-mediated effects of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 on the incidence and severity of COVID-19; The need for genetic implementation	Alshahawey,  M,  Raslan, et al	Current Research in Translational Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Economic impact of covid-19 on community pharmacy	Alshammari,  E,  Suaydan, et al	International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
PMC7480328; Economic uncertainty before and during the COVID-19 pandemic	Altig,  D,  Baker, et al	J Public Econ	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Further comments on the effect of precautionary measures in containing the spread of covid-19 [response to letter]	Alumran,  A	Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Creating Scripts for Crisis Communication: COVID-19 and Beyond	Amant St,  K	Journal of Business and Technical Communication	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Handling immune-suppressive therapies during SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: insights from pediatric datasets	Angeletti,  A,  Cravedi, et al	J Nephrol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
#DavidsonTrue: Transitioning to Remote Teaching while Maintaining Our Values as a Liberal Arts College during the COVID-19 Pandemic	Anstey,  MR,  Blauch, et al	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Covid-19 crisis in the Netherlands: “Only together we can control Corona”	Antonides,  G,  van Leeuwen, et al	Mind and Society	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32917563; Convalescent fecal microbiota transplantation as a possible treatment for COVID-19	Apartsin,  K,  Smirnova, et al	Clinics and Research in Hepatology and Gastroenterology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Structuring bailouts during COVID-19	Arora,  A,  Garg, et al	Economic and Political Weekly	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Strategies for Maintaining Educational Standards in Medical Oncology Residency Training in the Era of COVID-19: Experience from a Canadian Cancer Centre	Arora,  R,  Mukherjee, et al	J Cancer Educ	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32857886; Legacy of COVID-19 – the opportunity to enhance surgical services for patients with colorectal disease	Arulampalam,  T,  Bhangu, et al	Colorectal Disease	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 and the rhetoric of social overhaul	Ashwin Kumar,  AP	Economic and Political Weekly	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor treatment regimens preference by choroidal neovascularization patients under COVID-19	Au,  SCL	Indian J Ophthalmol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
[Not Available]	Aubry,  JM,  Gasser, et al	Rev Med Suisse	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32934062; COVID-19 viral expulsion through chest drains	Aujayeb,  A	Clinical medicine (London, England)	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
PMC7283050; COVID reverse transcriptase PCR in private laboratories: From theory to reality	Autissier,  M,  Guiraud, et al	Med Mal Infect	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32927142; A Commentary on “A comparative overview of COVID-19, MERS and SARS: Review article” (International Journal of Surgery 2020; 81:1–8)	Awais,  S,  Shah, et al	International Journal of Surgery	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32927023; Cardiac arrhythmias in the era of COVID-19 pandemic	Babapoor-Farrokhran,  S,  Alzubi, et al	Trends in cardiovascular medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Combating the COVID-19 battle with personal protective equipment (PPE) armamentarium	Bajwa,  S,  Kurdi, et al	Journal of Anaesthesiology Clinical Pharmacology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Maintaining an Active Organic Class during the COVID-Induced Online Transition at Two Undergraduate Institutions	Baker,  AJ,  Dannatt, et al	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
David Hare's fiery account of COVID-19	Ball,  Philip	The Lancet	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Models for mortality require tailoring in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic – Authors' reply	Banerjee,  Amitava,  Pasea, et al	The Lancet	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
UNFPA supporting midwives at the heart of the COVID-19 response	Bar-Zeev,  S,  Breen-Kamkong, et al	Women and Birth	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32928767; Development and Implementation of a COVID-19 Respiratory Diagnostic Center	Barzin,  A,  Wohl, et al	Annals of family medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Olfactory acuity test while pre-symptomatic for COVID-19	Bell,  GA	Journal and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New South Wales	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Surgeries in asymptomatic carriers during SARS-COV-2 pandemic: Challenges and future	Bellapukonda,  S,  Mohanty, et al	Indian Journal of Anaesthesia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Periodontal disease in the covid-19 era: Potential reservoir and increased risk for sars–cov-2	Bertolini,  M,  Pita, et al	Pesquisa Brasileira em Odontopediatria e Clinica Integrada	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32936923; Breaking Down Stigma: Honoring Nursing Home Staff During COVID-19	Beynon,  C,  Perkins, et al	Journal of gerontological nursing	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32934053; COVID-19: Redeployment through the eyes of an ophthalmologist	Bhalla,  M	Clinical medicine (London, England)	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Motivating or manipulating: the influence of health-protective behaviour and media engagement on post-COVID-19 travel	Bhati,  AS,  Mohammadi, et al	Current Issues in Tourism	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Health care workers facing social ostracism during COVID-19	Bhattacharya,  K,  Bhattacharya, et al	Journal of the Indian Medical Association	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Vitamin D and covid-19: Does a deficiency point towards an unfavorable outcome	Bhimani,  S,  Khalid, et al	International Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
"Silent" Presentation of Hypoxemia and Cardiorespiratory Compensation in COVID-19	Bickler,  PE,  Feiner, et al	Anesthesiology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine for COVID-19: psychiatric aspects of patient safety considerations	Biswas,  PS,  Sen, et al	Therapeutic Advances in Drug Safety	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32926172; African American Adherence to COVID-19 Public Health Recommendations	Block,  R,  J, et al	Health literacy research and practice	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The Politics of the Green New Deal	Bloomfield,  J,  Steward, et al	Political Quarterly	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Using Familiar and New Assessment Tools in Physical Chemistry Courses during COVID-19	Bopegedera,  AMRP	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Blurring the ‘-ism’ in youth climate crisis activism: everyday agency and practices of marginalized youth in the Brazilian urban periphery	Börner,  S,  Kraftl, et al	Children's Geographies	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
“They Have Our Backs”:: Nurse Leaders and Caring-Based Nursing Theory in the Time of COVID-19	Boykin,  A,  Schoenhofer, et al	Nurse Leader	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Unflipping the Flipped Classroom: Balancing for Maximum Effect in Minimum Lead-Time in Online Education	Brandon,  DT	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
SARS-CoV-2—How can and must medical personnel protect themselves?	Bresler,  AM,  Bischoff, et al	Gefasschirurgie	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Prevention of COVID-19 infection in neck breathers, including laryngectomees	Brook,  I	International Archives of Otorhinolaryngology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The coughing body: etiquettes, techniques, sonographies and spaces	Brown,  N,  Nettleton, et al	BioSocieties	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Learning from the COVID-19 home-schooling experience: Listening to pupils, parents/carers and teachers	Bubb,  S,  Jones, et al	Improving Schools	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Change in Strategies to Enhance Student Engagement during the Spring 2020 COVID-19 Shutdown in a Nonmajor Chemistry Class	Büdy,  B	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
How the COVID-19 Pandemic Changed Chemistry Instruction at a Large Public University in the Midwest: Challenges Met, (Some) Obstacles Overcome, and Lessons Learned	Burnett,  JW,  Burke, et al	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32921600; Does interval time between liver transplant and COVID-19 infection make the difference?	Buscemi,  V,  De Carlis, et al	Digestive and Liver Disease	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Lessons for health service: The chernobyl accident and the COVID-19 pandemic	Bushmanov,  AY,  Galstyan, et al	Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Exploring Biochemical Reactions of Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Lipids through a Milk-Based Demonstration and an Inquiry-Based Worksheet: A COVID-19 Laboratory Experience	Cabalsa,  JM,  Abraham, et al	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32901123; The coronavirus is mutating - does it matter?	Callaway,  E	Nature	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
A call to action to evaluate renal functional reserve in COVID-19 patients	Cantaluppi,  V,  Guglielmetti, et al	Am J Physiol Renal Physiol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The overlooked chamber in coronavirus disease 2019	Cao,  Y,  Zhang, et al	ESC Heart Failure	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Modeling Meaningful Chemistry Teacher Education Online: Reflections from Chemistry Preservice Teacher Educators in Australia	Carpendale,  J,  Delaney, et al	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Teledentistry and the unified health system: An important tool for the resumption of primary health care in the context of the covid-19 pandemic	Carrer,  FCA,  Matuck, et al	Pesquisa Brasileira em Odontopediatria e Clinica Integrada	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
A space suit modification for the COVID-19 era	Carter,  J,  Doorgakant, et al	Ann R Coll Surg Engl	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Newsletter Fall 2020: Clinician Investigator Trainee Association of Canada (CITAC)	Castanov,  V,  Zeng, et al	Clin Invest Med	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32935341; Global nursing leadership: alive and kicking in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic	Catton,  H	International nursing review	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Reply to: Standardized 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Measurements in Parkinson’s Disease Patients With COVID-19	Cereda,  E,  Fasano, et al	Movement Disorders	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Theory of Change to Practice: How Experimentalist Teaching Enabled Faculty to Navigate the COVID-19 Disruption	Chan,  BC,  Baker, et al	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32912666; Surveillance for coronavirus diseases 2019 (COVID-19) among health care workers at a medical center in Taiwan, March to August 2020	Chan,  MC,  Cho, et al	Journal of the Formosan Medical Association	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 Risk Assessment Tool: Dual application of risk communication and risk governance	Chatterjee,  R,  Bajwa, et al	Progress in Disaster Science	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Panel sampling in health research	Chauvenet,  A,  Buckley, et al	Lancet Psychiatry	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Treatment of RAAS inhibitors for hypertensive patients in the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic from ESH/ISH/AHA statements	Chen,  C,  Mu, et al	Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University (Medical Sciences)	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The Individual Experience of Online Chemistry Teacher Education in China: Coping with COVID-19 Pandemic	Chen,  K,  Chen, et al	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 and Food Supply Chains	Chenarides,  L,  Manfredo, et al	Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Drive-up pharmacotherapy during the COVID-19 pandemic	Chepke,  C	Current Psychiatry	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32901781; The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on mental health of Nurses	Chidiebere Okechukwu,  E,  Tibaldi, et al	Clinica Terapeutica	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Implications for the Use of PowerPoint, Classroom Response Systems, Teams, and Whiteboard to Enhance Online Teaching of Chemistry Subjects in Community College	Chiu,  WK	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Analysis of travel restrictions for COVID-19 control in Latin America through network connectedness	Chu,  AMY,  Tsang, et al	J Travel Med	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19: A psychiatry resident's perspective	Chudal,  R	Current Psychiatry	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32924837; Response of the multiple sclerosis community to COVID-19	Ciccarelli,  O,  Cohen, et al	Multiple Sclerosis Journal	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19: Common Constructions of the Pandemic and Their Implications	Cipolletta,  S,  Ortu, et al	Journal of Constructivist Psychology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Octenidine disinfection during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemia	Clanner-Engelshofen,  B,  French, et al	Eur J Dermatol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Comment on: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia onset in a 3-year-old child with COVID-19	Colaiacovo,  ML,  Dakhallah, et al	Pediatr Blood Cancer	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32858095; Diabetic ketoacidosis during COVID-19 pandemic in a developing country	Concepción Zavaleta,  MJ,  Armas Flórez, et al	Diabetes research and clinical practice	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 Nursing Home Cases Reflect Infection in Local Communities	Coons,  S	Hospital Infection Control and Prevention	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The troubled epistemology of the first wave of research on Covid-19	Coste,  J,  Bizouarn, et al	Revue d'epidemiologie et de sante publique	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Expectations of therapeutic radiography students in Wales about transitioning to practice during the Covid-19 pandemic as registrants on the HCPC temporary register	Courtier,  N,  Brown, et al	Radiography	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
How to thrive at work: Tips for improving personal and team wellbeing	Crowe,  C	In practice	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
In the face of a pandemic: The covid-19 infodemic	Cuartas-Arias,  M	International Journal of Psychological Research	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32312359; Redistributing working schedules using the infective principle in the response to COVID-19	Ćurković,  M,  Košec, et al	Infection control and hospital epidemiology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32929259; Scientists relieved as coronavirus vaccine trial restarts - but question lack of transparency	Cyranoski,  D,  Mallapaty, et al	Nature	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Choose Your Own "labventure": A Click-Through Story Approach to Online Laboratories during a Global Pandemic	D'Angelo,  JG	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Paradox of a supply constrained keynesian equilibrium the COVID-19 case	Dasgupta,  D,  Rajeev, et al	Economic and Political Weekly	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-2019: Experience of setting up quarantine center	Datta,  R	Journal of Anaesthesiology Clinical Pharmacology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Need of guidelines for safe transport of patients with COVID-19	Dattari,  R,  Garg, et al	Journal of Anaesthesiology Clinical Pharmacology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The politics of staying behind the frontline of coronavirus	Davies,  S	Wellcome Open Research	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Priorities, shortages, and rationing in the UK and Russia national health services during 2000–2019: initial conditions for responses to Covid-19	Davis,  CM	Post-Communist Economies	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32914787; Il condizionatore va sanificato per non rischiare CoViD-19?	De Fiore,  R	Recenti progressi in medicina	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
National reflexes following the COVID-19 outbreak: Is sovereignty back in the air?	de Leon,  PM	Air and Space Law	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32921744; Telematic solutions in plastic surgery during COVID-19 pandemic: Liability issues and risk management	De Santis,  G,  Palladino, et al	Acta Biomedica	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Pain, the driving force behind eye casualty attendance during the COVID-19 lockdown	De Sousa Peixoto,  R,  Lakhani, et al	Indian J Ophthalmol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Perspective of ophthalmologists providing direct care to COVID-19 positive patients at JIPMER, Puducherry	Deb,  AK,  Gokhale, et al	Indian J Ophthalmol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Strategies for Teaching Chemistry Online: A Content Analysis of a Chemistry Instruction Online Learning Community during the Time of COVID-19	Dekorver,  B,  Chaney, et al	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Singing in a silent spring: Birds respond to a half-century soundscape reversion during the COVID-19 shutdown	Derryberry,  EP,  Phillips, et al	Science	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Pandemic and big tech	Desai,  BC		Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Reflections on Course-Based Undergraduate Research in Organic and Biochemistry during COVID-19	Deveau,  AM,  Wang, et al	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32928023; Could angiotensin-converting enzyme 1 I/D polymorphism be a modificator of COVID-19 response in different populations, diseases, and/or conditions?	Dević Pavlić,  S,  Nadalin, et al	JRAAS - Journal of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Adoption, Adaptation, Use and Impact of Information Systems during Pandemic Time and Beyond: Research and Managerial Implications	Dey,  BL,  Al-Karaghouli, et al	Information Systems Management	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32758079; Scientific Advancements During the COVID-19 Pandemic	Dietrich,  WD	Therapeutic hypothermia and temperature management	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients’ COVID-19 quarantine; not just a routine	Dimeas,  IE,  Sinis, et al	Pneumon	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Lessons Learned from Active Engagement in a Large-Enrollment Introductory Biochemistry Course during a Remote Quarter	Dingwall,  S	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Ivermectin may be a clinically useful anti-inflammatory agent for late-stage COVID-19	Dinicolantonio,  JJ,  Barroso, et al	Open Heart	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Changes as a result of COVID-19	Dolenc,  D	Current Psychiatry	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Insights from Teaching Chemistry Writing Online	Dolino,  LG	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
A Course of History of Chemistry and Chemical Education Completely Delivered in Distance Education Mode during Epidemic COVID-19	Domenici,  V	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The Whiplash of a COVID-19 Teaching Pivot and the Lessons Learned for the Future	Donovan,  WJ	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Two million COVID-19 cases in Brazil	dos Santos,  CJ,  Jr, et al	Medicina (Brazil)	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Human herpesvirus 6, 7 and Epstein Barr virus reactivation in pityriasis rosea during COVID-19	Drago,  F,  Ciccarese, et al	J Med Virol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Stationäre Aufnahmen von Patienten mit akutem Myokardinfarkt während der COVID-19-Pandemie in Berlin	Dreger,  H,  Bruch, et al	Deutsches Arzteblatt International	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Addressing the Needs of People Living Homeless During the COVID-19 Pandemic	Duber,  HC,  Dorn, et al	J Public Health Manag Pract	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Covid-19: FDA plans strict vaccine approval criteria, angering Trump	Dyer,  O	Bmj	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Symbolic politics and government response to a national emergency: Narrating the COVID-19 crisis	Dzhurova,  A	Administrative Theory and Praxis	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Reflections of an ACS Affiliated Liaison during Covid-19: A University and AP Chemistry AACT Team	Ealy,  JB,  Stauffer, et al	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Adjusting a Biochemistry Course to Cover SARS-CoV-2 Topics	Easdon,  J	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Gastrointestinal Complications in Critically Ill Patients With and Without COVID-19	El Moheb,  M,  Naar, et al	Jama	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Could injured skin be a reservoir for SARS-CoV-2 virus spread?	Elgarhy,  LH,  Salem, et al	Clinics in dermatology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Should cancer treatment be continued during the COVID-19 pandemic? A single Egyptian institution experience	Elkhouly,  EA,  Salem, et al	ecancermedicalscience	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32871109; Ventricular Fibrillation Storm in Coronavirus 2019	Elsaid,  O,  McCullough, et al	American Journal of Cardiology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Leveraging Undergraduate Learning Assistants to Engage Students during Remote Instruction: Strategies and Lessons Learned from Four Institutions	Emenike,  ME,  Schick, et al	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Developing an environmental health sciences covid-19 research agenda: Results from the niehs disaster research response (dr2) work group’s modified delphi method	Errett,  NA,  Howarth, et al	International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Framework for Safely Reopening Endoscopy During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Redefining Adequate Preparation	Fatima,  H,  Shin, et al	J Public Health Manag Pract	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Viral sovereignty or sequence etiquette? Asian science, open data, and knowledge control in global virus surveillance	Fearnley,  L	East Asian Science, Technology and Society	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32917426; A snapshot of emergency department volumes in the “epicenter of the epicenter” of the COVID-19 pandemic	Feldman,  N,  Lane, et al	American Journal of Emergency Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Digestive disease week 2020	Fellin Spence,  M,  Puig Vilanova, et al	Drugs of the Future	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Australia’s Modern Slavery Act: Challenges for a post-COVID world?	Fellows,  J,  Chong, et al	Alternative Law Journal	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Insights Gained during COVID-19: Refocusing Laboratory Assessments Online	Fergus,  S,  Botha, et al	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Responding to the COVID-19 pandemic	Ferguson,  M,  Kociemba, et al	Academe	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Genetics and COVID-19: How to Protect the Susceptible	Field,  RI,  Orlando, et al	Trends in Genetics	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 panic and collapse of the health system	Figueroa-Quiñones,  J,  Ipanaqué-Neyra, et al	Revista Cubana de Investigaciones Biomedicas	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 prophylaxis in ophthalmology	Finger,  PT,  Fam, et al	Indian J Ophthalmol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Stigmatizing Media Portrayal of Obesity During the Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic	Flint,  SW	Frontiers in Psychology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The COVID-19 pandemic and its effects on teacher education	Flores,  MA,  Swennen, et al	European Journal of Teacher Education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Radiological diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A practical guide	Floridi,  C,  Fogante, et al	Acta Biomedica	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The allergist facing the COVID-19 pandemic: What impact and what precautions should be taken?	Fontaine,  JF,  Fromentin, et al	Revue francaise d'allergologie	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The Impact of COVID-19 on the Academic Plans and Career Intentions of Future STEM Professionals	Forakis,  J,  March, et al	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Orchestrating a Highly Interactive Virtual Student Research Symposium	Freeze,  JG,  Martin, et al	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
How COVID-19 Disrupted Our "Flipped" Freshman Organic Chemistry Course: Insights Gained from Singapore	Fung,  FM,  Lam, et al	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Response to COVID-19–losing and finding one another in drama: personal geographies, digital spaces and new intimacies	Gallagher,  K,  Balt, et al	Research in Drama Education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
SARS-CoV-2 antibody performances: we need better criteria	Galli,  C,  Plebani, et al	Clin Chem Lab Med	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 and hand hygiene: the vital importance of hand drying	Gammon,  J,  Hunt, et al	Br J Nurs	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Re-inventing anesthesia in times of Covid-19	Gangakhedkar,  G,  Chincholi, et al	Journal of Anaesthesiology Clinical Pharmacology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Considerations on the clinical trials of mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of novel coronavirus infected pneumonia in patients	Gao,  JC,  Wan, et al	Chinese Journal of New Drugs	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Research Collaboration and Outcome Measures of Interventional Clinical Trial Protocols for COVID-19 in China	Gao,  Y,  Yang, et al	Frontiers in Public Health	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Peripartum cardiomyopathy mimicking COVID-19 infection	Garg,  S,  Singh, et al	Journal of Anaesthesiology Clinical Pharmacology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Navigating the COVID-19 slipstream: A case study on living and managing access services during a global pandemic	Garner,  JC,  Logue, et al	Journal of Access Services	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32924820; Infrared thermography, COVID-19 and pressure ulcer risk	Gefen,  A	Journal of wound care	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Chemistry in the Time of COVID-19: Reflections on a Very Unusual Semester	George-Williams,  S,  Motion, et al	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
What is the best mouthrinse against coronaviruses?	Gercina,  AC,  Amorim, et al	Oral Surgery	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Examining the COVID-19 relief package for MSMEs	Ghosh,  S	Economic and Political Weekly	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Repurposing Best Teaching Practices for Remote Learning Environments: Chemistry in the News and Oral Examinations during COVID-19	Giordano,  AN,  Christopher, et al	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Converted neurosurgeons in a converted coronavirus hospital: sharing the experience of a metamorphosis	Giussani,  C,  Sganzerla, et al	J Neurosurg Sci	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Community Care Facility-A Novel Concept to Deal With the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Singaporean Institution's Experience	Goei,  A	J Public Health Manag Pract	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Strategies Employed in Transitioning Multi-instructor, Multisection Introductory General and Organic Chemistry Courses from Face-to-Face to Online Learning	Gonzalez,  C,  Knecht, et al	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Nuevos y viejos retos quirúrgicos asociados a la pandemia COVID-19	González-Zamora,  JF	Revista Mexicana de Pediatria	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32921594; Transcatheter aortic valve implantation during COVID-19 pandemic: The device also matters	Gonzálvez-García,  A,  Jiménez-Valero, et al	Cardiovascular Revascularization Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The role of public-private partnerships in extending public healthcare provision to irregular migrants: stopgap or foot in the door?	Gottlieb,  N,  Filc, et al	Isr J Health Policy Res	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19's Disproportionate Impact on Communities of Color Spotlights the Nation's Systemic Inequities	Gracia,  JN	J Public Health Manag Pract	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Leadership for continuous improvement in healthcare during the time of COVID-19	Graham,  RNJ,  Woodhead, et al	Clinical radiology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Not all burn centers are quiet during the COVID-19 crisis "Trends in Burn Injuries in Northern Israel during the COVID-19 Lockdown"	Greenhalgh,  DG	J Burn Care Res	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 and the lawfulness of bulk do not attempt resuscitation orders	Griffith,  R	Br J Nurs	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Correction to: Psychometric Validation of the Bangla Fear of COVID-19 Scale: Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Rasch Analysis	Griffiths,  MD,  Pakpour, et al	International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Covid-19: Armageddon before light?	Gruson,  D,  Ko, et al	Electronic Journal of the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Adoption of the Online Platforms Rain Classroom and WeChat for Teaching Organic Chemistry during COVID-19	Guo,  J,  Zhu, et al	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Anesthesia practice in Covid-19 era: Unprecedented problems call for extraordinary solutions	Gupta,  A,  Nath, et al	Journal of Anaesthesiology Clinical Pharmacology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Position statement from the Canadian Thoracic Society (CTS) on clinical triage thresholds in respiratory disease patients in the event of a major surge during the COVID-19 pandemic	Gupta,  S,  Batt, et al	Canadian Journal of Respiratory, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Negative pressure aerosol containment box: An innovation to reduce COVID-19 infection risk in healthcare workers	Gupta,  V,  Sahani, et al	Journal of Anaesthesiology Clinical Pharmacology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The Role of the School Nurse in Detecting and Preventing Child Abuse During This Age of Online Education	Haas,  JJ	NASN Sch Nurse	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Israeli aid to the West Bank and the Gaza Strip during the COVID-19 pandemic	Hagay,  Zion	The Lancet	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis versus cytokine release syndrome in severe COVID-19 patients	Hakim,  NN,  Chi, et al	Exp Biol Med (Maywood)	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The path of hope in relationships involving older adults: The perspective from the complexity of the covid-19 pandemic	Hammerschmidt,  KSA,  Bonatelli, et al	Texto e Contexto Enfermagem	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Opinions on the current pandemic of COVID-19: Use functional food to boost our immune functions	Han,  B,  Hoang, et al	Journal of Infection and Public Health	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Clinical strategies for optimizing infusion center care through a pandemic	Hanna,  KS,  Segal, et al	J Oncol Pharm Pract	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on clinical trials with drugs	Hasford,  J	Expert Opin Drug Saf	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Accommodation facility for dependent elderly people, ensuring relational proximity after health emergencies	Hazif-Thomas,  C,  Thomas, et al	Soins Gerontologie	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Reframing service innovation: COVID-19 as a catalyst for imposed service innovation	Heinonen,  K,  Strandvik, et al	Journal of Service Management	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Stay Informed about 2019-nCoV	Hennessy,  M	Pharmacy times	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Pharmacists are on the front lines of COVID-19	Hennessy,  M	Pharmacy times	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Turning the COVID-19 Conversation into One on Overall Health	Hennessy,  M,  S	Pharmacy times	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Thanks for inviting me to the party: Virtual poster sessions as a way to connect in a time of disconnection	Holt,  EA,  Heim, et al	Ecology and Evolution	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Nosocomial COVID-19 transmission in routine ophthalmic practice-Is there new evidence?	Honavar,  SG	Indian J Ophthalmol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Offline: COVID-19 is not a pandemic	Horton,  Richard	The Lancet	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
To what extent Africa can limit the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic?	Hoummadi,  L,  Hafid, et al	Revue d'epidemiologie et de sante publique	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Transition to Remote Instruction Using Hybrid Just-in-Time Teaching, Collaborative Learning, and Specifications Grading for Organic Chemistry 2	Houseknecht,  JB,  Bates, et al	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Converting an Organic Chemistry Course to an Online Format in Two Weeks: Design, Implementation, and Reflection	Howitz,  WJ,  Guaglianone, et al	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Online in No Time: Design and Implementation of a Remote Learning First Quarter General Chemistry Laboratory and Second Quarter Organic Chemistry Laboratory	Howitz,  WJ,  Thane, et al	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Lessons Learned from the Re-emergent COVID-19 Cases in Areas of Long Reported No Community Transmission	Ibrahim,  Y,  Raut, et al	Clin Infect Dis	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Coronavirus (COVID-19/SARS-CoV-2) and supply chain resilience: A research note	Ivanov,  D,  Das, et al	International Journal of Integrated Supply Management	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32919857; Point-of-Care Ultrasound Findings and Clinical Outcomes in Patients with COVID-19	Iyengar-Kapuganti,  R,  Patel, et al	Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32920210; On the genetics and immunopathogenesis of COVID-19	Jacob,  CO	Clinical Immunology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Operative procedures performed during SARS-Cov-2 pandemic: Safe for patients and health care workers under appropriate guidelines	Jadhav,  M	Indian Journal of Anaesthesia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Ancillary protective gears in the COVID- 19 Era	Jain,  D,  Kumar, et al	Journal of Anaesthesiology Clinical Pharmacology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The feasibility and safety of immediate breast reconstruction in the COVID-19 era	Jallali,  N,  Hunter, et al	Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32860987; Non-invasive ventilation for acute respiratory failure (in COVID-19 patients): the non-ending story?	James,  A,  Verdonk, et al	Anaesthesia Critical Care and Pain Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Keeping a Learning Community and Academic Integrity Intact after a Mid-Term Shift to Online Learning in Chemical Engineering Design during the COVID-19 Pandemic	Jamieson,  MV	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Philosophy of education in a new key: Who remembers Greta Thunberg? Education and environment after the coronavirus	Jandrić,  P,  Jaldemark, et al	Educational Philosophy and Theory	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32900506; A low-cost off-the-shelf pressure-controlled mechanical ventilator for a mass respiratory failure scenario	Jardim-Neto,  A,  Perlman, et al	British journal of anaesthesia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The Use of Electronic Consent for COVID-19 Clinical Trials: Lessons for Emergency Care research During a Pandemic and Beyond	Jaton,  E,  Stang, et al	Acad Emerg Med	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Management of children and adolescents having type 1 diabetes during COVID-19 pandemic in India: challenges and solutions	Jethwani,  P,  Saboo, et al	International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Emergency plan for radiographers' occupational exposure to novel coronavirus pneumonia	Jia,  X,  Tong, et al	Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University (Medical Sciences)	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
City tourism pre- and post-covid-19 pandemic – Messages to take home for climate change adaptation and mitigation?	Jiricka-Pürrer,  A,  Brandenburg, et al	Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Novel changes in resident education during a pandemic: Strategies and approaches to maximize residency education and safety	Johnson,  J,  Chung, et al	International Archives of Otorhinolaryngology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Unleashing Our Chemistry Superpowers: Promoting Student Success and Well-Being at a Black Women's College during COVID-19	Johnson,  SS,  Gaines, et al	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Strange Days: Creating Flexible Pedagogies for Technical Communication	Johnson-Eilola,  J,  Selber, et al	Journal of Business and Technical Communication	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32917428; The implications of covid 19-related pneumomediastinum	Jolobe,  OMP	American Journal of Emergency Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Taking care of ourselves during the COVID-19 pandemic	Joshi,  KG	Current Psychiatry	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Why we need to use and which mask types are effective against the novel coronavirus (COVID-19)?	Jotz,  GP,  Bittencourt, et al	International Archives of Otorhinolaryngology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32833364; COVID-19 and ambulatory medicine. Elderly patients: What have we learned?	Ka Sing Ho,  L,  Truchard, et al	Revue Medicale Suisse	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Does covid-19 affect periodontal and peri-implant diseases?	Kadkhodazadeh,  M,  Amid, et al	Journal of long-term effects of medical implants	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Learning to Bury the Dead during COVID-19 - Barbarism or Indigeneity?	Kahambing,  JG	Prehosp Disaster Med	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Student Views of the Online Learning Process during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Comparison of Upper-Level and Entry-Level Undergraduate Perspectives	Kalman,  R,  MacIas Esparza, et al	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The triple-edged sword of COVID-19: understanding the use of digital technologies and the impact of productive, disruptive, and destructive nature of the pandemic	Kamal,  MM	Information Systems Management	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Corrigendum to “COVID-19's impact on the atmospheric environment in the Southeast Asia region” [Sci. Total Environ. 736 (2020)/139658] (Science of the Total Environment (2020) 736, (S0048969720331788), (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139658))	Kanniah,  KD,  Zaman, et al	Science of the Total Environment	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Respiratory and cardiovascular effects of COVID-19 infection and their management	Kapoor,  M	Journal of Anaesthesiology Clinical Pharmacology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
India transitions: Culture and society during contemporary viral times	Kapoor,  P	Great Transition in India: Critical Explorations	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19: Early detection and timely diagnosis in a neurological setup	Katikar,  MD	Indian Journal of Anaesthesia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Targeting host cell proteases to prevent SARS-CoV-2 invasion	Kaur,  U,  Chakrabarti, et al	Curr Drug Targets	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19: A virus or revenge of nature: Counter measures of India during COVID-19 epidemics	Kaushal,  A,  Dogra, et al	Journal of Public Affairs	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Kinder und SARS-CoV-2: Irritationen und Fragen	Keller,  J	Deutsches Arzteblatt International	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Reflections on Three Different High School Chemistry Lab Formats during COVID-19 Remote Learning	Kelley,  EW	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32928765; In, But Out of Touch: Connecting With Patients During the Virtual Visit	Kelly,  MA,  Gormley, et al	Annals of family medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32936750; Caring for people with spinal cord injury in the time of COVID-19: Redefining the meaning of “essential”	Kennelly,  MJ	Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32938229; Implementation of Early Detection Services for Cancer in India During COVID-19 Pandemic	Khanna,  D,  Khargekar, et al	Cancer Control	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32936672; Anticoagulation in COVID-19: DDI Perspective	Khiali,  S,  Entezari-Maleki, et al	Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Insights Gained into Marginalized Students Access Challenges during the COVID-19 Academic Response	Kimble-Hill,  A,  Rivera-Figueroa, et al	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Holy Death in the Time of Coronavirus: Santa Muerte, the Salubrious Saint	Kingsbury,  K,  Chesnut, et al	International Journal of Latin American Religions	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Introducing Chemistry Concepts in an Online Environment through a Citizen-First Approach	Kirk,  JS,  Fahlman, et al	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 preparedness: Clinical pharmacy services remote staffing in a quaternary, level I trauma and comprehensive stroke center	Kjerengtroen,  S,  Wilde, et al	American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Community College Chemistry Instruction and Research in the Time of COVID-19	Kolack,  K,  Hemraj-Benny, et al	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The Role of Communication in the Success/Failure of Remote Learning of Chemistry during COVID-19	Kollalpitiya,  KY,  Partigianoni, et al	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Anticoagulant therapy for patients with coronavirus disease 2019: Urgent need for enhanced awareness	Komiyama,  M,  Hasegawa, et al	European Cardiology Review	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32928770; Innovative Family Medicine and Behavioral Health Co-Precepting via Telemedicine	Kowalski,  A,  Gupta, et al	Annals of family medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Tackling the COVID-19 pandemic in paradise: the Mauritian experience	Kowlessur,  Sudhirsen,  Ori, et al	The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Artificial intelligence-powered search tools and resources in the fight against covid-19	Kricka,  LJ,  Polevikov, et al	Electronic Journal of the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Enabling Warp Speed Using the Hypervelocity Innovation Model: A Blue Print for Drug Development in Pandemics	Krishna,  R	Clin Transl Sci	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
What are the drugs having potential against COVID-19?	Kucukoglu,  K,  Faydalı, et al	Medicinal Chemistry Research	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 cardiopulmonary resuscitation: Guidelines and modifications	Kundra,  P,  Vinayagam, et al	Journal of Anaesthesiology Clinical Pharmacology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Guest Editorial: Crisis Management - From Nuclear Accidents to Outbreaks of COVID-19 and Infectious Diseases	Kuo,  W,  He, et al	IEEE Transactions on Reliability	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The COVID Cohort: Student Transition to University in the Face of a Global Pandemic	Kyne,  SH,  Thompson, et al	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32929993; Keeping the research spotlight on COVID-19	Lake,  F	BioTechniques	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Tracking the Differentiation of Risk: The Impact of Subject Framing in CDC Communication Regarding COVID-19	Lambrecht,  K	Journal of Business and Technical Communication	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 Highlights Critical Need for Public Health Data Modernization to Remain a Priority	Lane,  JT,  Smith, et al	J Public Health Manag Pract	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Models for mortality require tailoring in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic	Lasry,  Arielle,  Horth, et al	The Lancet	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Face to face with coronavirus disease 19: Maintaining motivation, psychological safety, and wellness	Lateef,  F	Journal of Emergencies, Trauma and Shock	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32935444; COVID-19 and urology in Australia and New Zealand: uncertain times	Lawrentschuk,  N	BJU international	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32702997; IL-6 (Interleukin 6) Blockade and Heart Rate Corrected QT Interval Prolongation in COVID-19	Lazzerini,  PE,  Laghi-Pasini, et al	Circulation.Arrhythmia and electrophysiology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Critical care for COVID-19 during a humanitarian crisis-lessons learnt from Yemen	Lee,  JS,  Godard, et al	Crit Care	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Online Teaching of Chemistry during the Period of COVID-19: Experience at a National University in Korea	Lee,  MW	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Programmatic Crisis and Moralization of the Politics: a Proposal to Define the Bolsonarism from the Experience with the Covid-19 Pandemic	Lellis,  N,  Dutra, et al	International Journal of Latin American Religions	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Notes on Covid-19 and the contradictions of capital: a Dialectical Anthropology special symposium	Lem,  W,  Marcus, et al	Dialectical Anthropology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32926171; Public Intent to Comply with COVID-19 Public Health Recommendations	Lennon,  RP,  Sakya, et al	Health literacy research and practice	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Interpretation of guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer during the COVID-19 outbreak	Li,  L,  Ma, et al	Chinese Journal of Clinical Oncology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Contact tracers as knowledge-makers	Liebel,  AM	Journal of Communication in Healthcare	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32860880; Antimicrobial stewardship programme: a vital resource for hospitals during the global outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)	Liew,  Y,  Lee, et al	International journal of antimicrobial agents	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32934352; Study the role of hubris in nations' COVID-19 response	Lincoln,  M	Nature	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Facts Upon Delivery: What Is Rhetorical About Visualized Models?	Lindgren,  CA	Journal of Business and Technical Communication	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The Right Kind of Pooled Testing for the Novel Coronavirus: First, Do No Harm	Litvak,  E,  Dentzer, et al	Am J Public Health	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Let There Be a Beam: Highlights from the 2020 IEEE Five-Minute Video Clip Contest [SP Competitions]	Liu,  W,  Anbiyaei, et al	IEEE Signal Processing Magazine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19: Schwangerenbetreuung unter Pandemiebedingungen	Lorenz,  J	Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Research progress in clinical trials of COVID-19	Lou,  N,  Han, et al	Chinese Journal of New Drugs	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Coronavirus (Covid-19) is here to stay!	Low,  WY,  Dahlui, et al	Journal of Health and Translational Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32912604; Propofol infusion syndrome in severe COVID-19	Lucchetta,  V,  Bonvicini, et al	British journal of anaesthesia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
MIT COVID-19 Datathon: Data without boundaries	Luo,  EM,  Newman, et al	BMJ Innovations	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Successes and Challenges in Teaching Chemistry to Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing Students in the Time of COVID-19	Lynn,  MA,  Templeton, et al	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 Prevention: Use of Self-Reported Tools to Screen Frail Older Adults	Ma,  L	Journal of Nutrition, Health and Aging	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Coronavirus Disease 2019 Related Clinical Studies: A Cross-Sectional Analysis	Ma,  LL,  Yin, et al	Frontiers in Pharmacology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
PMC7458120; COVID-19: Impact analysis and recommendations for power sector operation	Madurai Elavarasan,  R,  Shafiullah, et al	Appl Energy	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Rhinology in the COVID-19 era; our experience from a rhinology tertiary referral hospital and implications for future practice	Magill,  JC,  Unadkat, et al	Clinical Otolaryngology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Education in times of COVID-19 pandemic: Academic stress and its psychosocial impact on children and adolescents in India	Mahapatra,  A,  Sharma, et al	Int J Soc Psychiatry	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
[COVID-19 and psychiatry : urgent opening of a cohort ward at Geneva's psychiatric hospital]	Maiorano,  A,  Kaiser, et al	Rev Med Suisse	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Speed and acceleration in cultural anthropology (introduction to the special theme)*	Maksim,  NA	Siberian Historical Research	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Industrial lubricant removal using an ultrasonically activated water stream, with potential application for Coronavirus decontamination and infection prevention for SARS-CoV-2	Malakoutikhah,  M,  Dolder, et al	Transactions of the Institute of Metal Finishing	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
An Urgent Need for Studies of the Late Effects of SARS-CoV-2 on the Cardiovascular System	Maleszewski,  JJ,  Young, et al	Circulation	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32929995; Inhaler with electrostatic sterilizer and use of cationic amphiphilic peptides may accelerate recovery from COVID-19	Mandal,  SM,  Panda, et al	BioTechniques	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Características clínicas básicas en los primeros 100 casos fatales de COVID-19 en Colombia	Marín-Sánchez,  A	Revista Panamericana de Salud Publica/Pan American Journal of Public Health	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32934351; How COVID-19 can damage the brain	Marshall,  M	Nature	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32929257; The lasting misery of coronavirus long-haulers	Marshall,  M	Nature	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Nonsyndromic oral clefts and covid-19 crisis: Some considerations on the delay in clinical management of patients	Martelli-Júnior,  H,  Machado, et al	Pesquisa Brasileira em Odontopediatria e Clinica Integrada	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32933428; Obesity in the age of COVID-19	Mason,  L	Perspectives in Public Health	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32893149; Resuming autologous free tissue transfer for breast reconstruction in the COVID-19 era	Masud,  D,  Sharp, et al	Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
School Nursing Data Collection During COVID-19	Maughan,  ED,  Bergren, et al	NASN Sch Nurse	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
America’s covid-19 preexisting vulnerability: a government of men, not laws	Maxeiner,  JR	Theory and Practice of Legislation	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Now More Than Ever: Considering Health System Reforms in the Post-COVID 19 Scenario	Mazumdar,  S	Indian Journal of Labour Economics	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The problem with the superhero narrative during COVID-19	McAllister,  M,  Brien, et al	Contemp Nurse	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
From “Calling in Black” to “Calling for Antiracism Resources”: the need for systemic resources to address systemic racism	McCluney,  CL,  King, et al	Equality, Diversity and Inclusion	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Reflections on Transitioning to Online General Chemistry in Southern Appalachia	McCusker,  CE,  Mohseni, et al	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Asynchronous Online Assessment of Physical Chemistry Concepts in the Time of COVID-19	McDowell,  SAC	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Workfare redux? Pandemic unemployment, labour activation and the lessons of post-crisis welfare reform in Ireland	McGann,  M,  Murphy, et al	International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The COVID-19 pandemic: Distance-delivered care for childhood cancer survivors	McLoone,  J,  Wakefield, et al	Pediatr Blood Cancer	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Implementation Science to Respond to the COVID-19 Pandemic	Means,  AR,  Wagner, et al	Frontiers in Public Health	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Sars-cov 2 from the central nervous system	Mejias,  CM	Revista Cubana de Investigaciones Biomedicas	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32924805; Understanding wound care from a venous and lymphatic perspective	Melin,  MM	Journal of wound care	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Expected effects of COVID-19 outbreak on depression incidence in Italy	Mencacci,  C,  Salvi, et al	Journal of affective disorders	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
High-Quality Inorganic Chemistry Teaching during COVID-19	Meng,  YL,  Song, et al	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Addressing the challenges of COVID-19 pandemic outbreak: Pakistan's preparations and response	Meo,  MS,  Sabir, et al	Journal of Public Affairs	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32920415; Compound natural and human disasters: Managing drought and COVID-19 to sustain global agriculture and food sectors	Mishra,  A,  Bruno, et al	Science of the Total Environment	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Recovering lost vaccine coverage due to COVID-19 pandemic	Moraga-Llop,  F,  Fernández-Prada, et al	Vacunas	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Effects of home confinement due to COVID-19 pandemic on eccentric hamstring muscle strength in football players	Moreno-Pérez,  V,  Del Coso, et al	Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Correction to: At the US Epicenter of the COVID-19 Pandemic, an Orthopedic Residency Program Reorganizes (HSS Journal ®, (2020), 10.1007/s11420-020-09765-5)	Morse,  KW,  Wessel, et al	HSS Journal	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32893117; Reply to: Cadaverless anatomy: Darkness in the times of pandemic Covid-19	Murlimanju,  BV,  Agrawal, et al	Morphologie	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Imparting Materials Science Knowledge in the Field of the Crystal Structure of Metals in Times of Online Teaching: A Novel Online Laboratory Teaching Concept with an Augmented Reality Application	Müssig,  J,  Clark, et al	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 & obesity: Beyond BMI	Nadolsky,  KZ,  Hurley, et al	Endocrine Practice	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Perspective: The Convergence of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and Food Insecurity in the United States	Nagata,  JM,  Seligman, et al	Adv Nutr	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32901673; Ulcer pressure prevention and opportunity for innovation during the COVID-19 crisis	Nani,  FS,  Stéfani, et al	Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil)	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Genomic Cues From Beta-Coronaviruses and Mammalian Hosts Sheds Light on Probable Origins and Infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 Causing COVID-19	Narh,  CA	Frontiers in Genetics	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32935793; Coinfection of SARS-CoV-2 and Measles morbillivirus in a front-line health worker in Rio de Janeiro, Brasil	Nascimento,  JSFD,  Castro, et al	Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira (1992)	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32901698; Neurological complications of COVID-19: from bridesmaid to bride	Nath,  A,  Smith, et al	Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Physics of virus transmission by speaking droplets	Netz,  RR,  Eaton, et al	Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
How conservation will be impacted in the COVID-19 pandemic	Neupane,  D	Wildlife Biology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32928942; How Should Board Certification Evolve?	Newton,  WP	Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine : JABFM	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Workflow Solutions for Primary Care Clinic Recovery During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Primer	Nguyen,  AM,  Hertelendy, et al	J Public Health Manag Pract	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Impact of COVID-19 on General Chemistry Education at the United States Military Academy	Nguyen,  CK,  Deneve, et al	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Chemistry in the Kitchen Laboratories at Home	Nguyen,  JG,  Keuseman, et al	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Undergoing the experiences of the COVID-19 pandemic as ruptures in American civil society create conditions for right action	Nicolaides,  A,  Lim, et al	Reflective Practice	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Tele-education under the COVID-19 crisis: Asymmetries in Romanian education	Nicolau,  C,  Henter, et al	Symmetry	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
ENT care in the context of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19	Nikonov,  EL,  Kryukov, et al	Vestnik otorinolaringologii	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Remote Teaching of General Chemistry for Nonscience Majors during COVID-19	Njoki,  PN	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32921580; COVID-19: An Opportunity to Reimagine Colorectal Cancer Diagnostic Testing—A New Paradigm Shift	Nunoo-Mensah,  J,  Giordano, et al	Clinical Colorectal Cancer	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Teaching General Chemistry (I) Online during COVID-19. Process, Outcomes, and Lessons Learned: A Reflection	Nyachwaya,  JM	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The epidemiology and pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnancy: More questions than answers	Odayar,  J,  Myer, et al	EClinicalMedicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Stories from the Lab: Development and Feedback from an Online Education and Public Engagement Activity with Schools	O'Donoghue,  J	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Delivering High School Chemistry during COVID-19 Lockdown: Voices from Africa	Okebukola,  PA,  Suwadu, et al	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 in Nigeria: Situation update and combative measures taken by the government	Okoroiwu,  HU,  Uchendu, et al	GERMS	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Providing end-of-life care in a Nightingale hospital	Oliver,  L	Br J Nurs	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32754934; Perspective gastrointestinal endoscopy infection control strategy against COVID-19: Workflow and space management for the operation of endoscopic centers	Onoyama,  T,  Isomoto, et al	Digestive Endoscopy	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Can pharmacists be more effective regarding the proper use of face masks by the public during the COVID-19 pandemic?	Özdemir,  N,  Bahap, et al	Turkish Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
PMC7333222; How the coronavirus pandemic has affected the clinical management of Philadelphia-negative chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms in Italy-a GIMEMA MPN WP survey	Palandri,  F,  Piciocchi, et al	Leukemia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
What Can Environmental Economists Learn from the COVID-19 Experience?	Pannell,  DJ,  Adamowicz, et al	Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Features of the economic crisis under the covid-19 pandemic and the threat of the zombie-ing of the economy	Papava,  V	Bulletin of the Georgian National Academy of Sciences	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Comments on: Preferred practice guidelines for glaucoma management during COVID-19 pandemic	Parikh,  RS,  George, et al	Indian J Ophthalmol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Brave New World: Challenges and Opportunities in the COVID-19 Virtual Interview Season	Patel,  TY,  Bedi, et al	Academic Radiology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
SAARC COVID-19 Fund: Calibrating a Regional Response to the Pandemic	Pattanaik,  SS	Strategic Analysis	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Export restrictions in times of pandemic: Options and limits under international trade agreements	Pauwelyn,  J	Journal of World Trade	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Accelerating transition to the circular economy in Georgia	Pavliashvili,  S,  Prasek, et al	Bulletin of the Georgian National Academy of Sciences	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The Rapid Coronavirus Antibody Test: Can We Improve Accuracy?	Pavlova,  IP,  Nair, et al	Frontiers in Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Diabetes assistance before, during and after Covid-19 in Ferrara, Italy	Pelizzola,  D	International Journal of Care Coordination	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Can immunization of hens provide oral-based therapeutics against covid-19?	Pérez de la Lastra,  JM,  Baca-González, et al	Vaccines	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Breast Surgery in the Time of Global Pandemic: Benefits of Same-Day Surgery for Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Mastectomy with Immediate Reconstruction during COVID-19	Perez-Alvarez,  I,  Bartholomew, et al	Plast Reconstr Surg	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The SARS-CoV2 - ACE2 link: A physiopathological analysis	Petcu,  EB,  Andry, et al	Vascular Cell	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Theorizing the virus: abjection and the COVID-19 pandemic	Pfaller,  L	International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Far from home a flight nurse cares for one of COVID-19's many 'peripheral victims'	Phipps,  M	American Journal of Nursing	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Management strategies for dermatomyositis during the coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak	Pi,  Z,  Chen, et al	Clinics in dermatology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32444569; Management of the mother-infant dyad with suspected or confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection in a highly epidemic context	Pietrasanta,  C,  Pugni, et al	Journal of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID19: an announced pandemic	Platto,  S,  Xue, et al	Cell Death Dis	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Regional anesthesia in the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic: Clinical guidelines by AORA, India	Ponde,  V,  Diwan, et al	Journal of Anaesthesiology Clinical Pharmacology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32925986; Erratum: Correction: Management of Cardiovascular Disease Patients With Confirmed or Suspected COVID-19 in Limited Resource Settings (Global heart (2020) 15 1 (44))	Prabhakaran,  D,  Perel, et al	Global heart	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Telemedicine Aids in Initial Deep Brain Stimulation Programming for Dystonia	Prakash,  N,  Zadikoff, et al	Movement Disorders Clinical Practice	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Letter: Covid-19—re-initiating clinical services for chronic gastrointestinal diseases. How and when? Authors' reply	Prentice,  RE,  Al-Ani, et al	Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Letter: ACE2, IBD and COVID-19—why IBD patients may be at reduced risk of COVID-19	Prentice,  RE,  Tjandra, et al	Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Summary of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) update from the 2020 Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, 8–11 March 2020, Boston, USA	Psomas,  CK,  Kinloch, et al	Journal of Virus Eradication	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
An update on COVID-19 infection control measures, plasma-based therapeutics, corticosteroid pharmacotherapy and vaccine research	Putter,  JS,  Seghatchian, et al	Transfusion and Apheresis Science	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Revisiting Distance Learning Resources for Undergraduate Research and Lab Activities during COVID-19 Pandemic	Qiang,  Z,  Obando, et al	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Impact of COVID-19 on medical students in the United Kingdom	Rainbow,  S,  Dorji, et al	GERMS	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Strategies for Effective Assessments while Ensuring Academic Integrity in General Chemistry Courses during COVID-19	Raje,  S,  Stitzel, et al	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Challenges for distance learning and online collaboration in the time of covid-19: Interviews with science teachers	Rannastu-Avalos,  M,  Siiman, et al		Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Endotheliopathy is induced by plasma from critically-ill patients and associated with organ failure in severe COVID-19	Rauch,  A,  Dupont, et al	Circulation	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32929819; Impact of COVID-19 on attendances to a major emergency department: an Italian perspective	Rausa,  E,  Kelly, et al	Internal Medicine Journal	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Munchausen syndrome in COVID-19: An unnoticed concern	Ray,  A,  Sharma, et al	Psychiatry research	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Coronavirus disease 2019 and catheterisation laboratory considerations: “Looking for essentials”	Raza Naqvi,  SH,  Fatima, et al	European Cardiology Review	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
PMC7195007; Predictive factors of poor outcomes in the COVID-19 epidemic: Consider the inflammatory response	Razanamahery,  J,  Malinowski, et al	Med Mal Infect	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Moving a Large-Lecture Organic POGIL Classroom to an Online Setting	Reynders,  G,  Ruder, et al	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Course Redesign for College General Chemistry during the COVID-19 Pandemic	Rhile,  IJ	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Covid-19 & zahnmedizin: ein dgi-webinar am 25. märz mit dem dekan der school of stomatology der universität von wuhan und experten	Ritzert,  B	Zeitschrift fur Zahnarztliche Implantologie	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Considerations for Providing Pediatric Gender-Affirmative Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic	Roberts,  SA,  Williams, et al	Journal of Adolescent Health	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 and African tourism research agendas	Rogerson,  CM,  Baum, et al	Development Southern Africa	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32924822; COVID toes and other cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19	Rose-Sauld,  S,  Dua, et al	Journal of wound care	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Cranial polyneuropathy as the first manifestation of a severe COVID-19 in a child	Roussel,  A,  Germanaud, et al	Pediatr Blood Cancer	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Contact-tracing apps and alienation in the age of COVID-19	Rowe,  F,  Ngwenyama, et al	European Journal of Information Systems	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Latinx political cartooning during the COVID-19 global pandemic: coping and processing via Lalo Alcaraz’s and Eric J. Garcia’s social artivism	Rutherford,  J	Prose Studies	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Incorporating Literature into an Organic Chemistry Laboratory Class: Translating Lab Activities Online and Encouraging the Development of Writing and Presentation Skills	Saar,  A,  McLaughlin, et al	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32937660; The COVID-19 pandemic suggests opportunities for researchers to investigate pertinent topics in orthodontics	Saki,  M,  Zarif Najafi, et al	The Angle Orthodontist	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Resilience against crises: COVID-19 and lessons from natural disasters	Sakurai,  M,  Chughtai, et al	European Journal of Information Systems	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Heritage in lockdown: digital provision of memory institutions in the UK and US of America during the COVID-19 pandemic	Samaroudi,  M,  Echavarria, et al	Museum Management and Curatorship	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
New development: Covid-19 and its publics—implications for strategic management and democracy	Sancino,  A,  Garavaglia, et al	Public Money and Management	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 and cold season preparedness	Săndulescu,  O	GERMS	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Pressure from the Pandemic: Pedagogical Dissatisfaction Reveals Faculty Beliefs	Sansom,  RL	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Mobile Data Science and Intelligent Apps: Concepts, AI-Based Modeling and Research Directions	Sarker,  IH,  Hoque, et al	Mobile Networks and Applications	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19: Endogenous Retinoic Acid Theory and Retinoic Acid Depletion Syndrome	Sarohan,  AR	Medical hypotheses	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The competence of health authorities to take restrict measures on rights in a situation of health crisis	Sarrión Esteve,  J	Gaceta Sanitaria	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Trauma care and COVID-19 pandemic	Sawhney,  C,  Singh, et al	Journal of Anaesthesiology Clinical Pharmacology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32921588; COVID-19 and the rise of the full ‘Fitness’ friction burn	Sayed,  MA,  Walsh, et al	Burns	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Turbulent transformation: abrupt societal disruption and climate resilient development	Schipper,  ELF,  Eriksen, et al	Climate and Development	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Beyond European unemployment insurance. Less moral hazard, more moral assurance?	Schmid,  G	Transfer	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Emergency Department Management of the Covid-19 Pandemic	Schreyer,  KE,  del Portal, et al	Journal of Emergency Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32901699; Partnership between the academy and public and private health systems to fight COVID-19: an experience report in Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil	Schuelter-Trevisol,  F,  Iser, et al	Epidemiologia e servicos de saude : revista do Sistema Unico de Saude do Brasil	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Adapting a Biochemistry Lab Course for Distance-Learning during the COVID-19 Pandemic	Scruggs,  AW,  Leamy, et al	International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The real cost of neoliberalism for educators and students	Sellars,  M,  Imig, et al	International Journal of Leadership in Education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Reflections on social work 2020 under Covid-19 online magazine	Sen,  R,  Featherstone, et al	Social Work Education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Crisis over crisis: Covid-19 and two innovation proposals from Chile	Sepúlveda,  TM,  de Almeida, et al	Social Work Education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Social responsibility of higher education students. Motivations for its development in times of COVID-19 in Chile and el salvador	Severino-González,  P,  Romero-Argueta, et al	Utopia y Praxis Latinoamericana	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Comment on "Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms syndrome in a patient with COVID-19": Involvement of herpesvirus reactivations and adverse drug reactions in diverse cutaneous manifestations and overall disease severity of COVID-19	Shiohara,  T,  Mizukawa, et al	J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32943297; COVID-19 Ethics: What Interventional Radiologists Need to Know	Shnayder,  MM,  Keller, et al	Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32919062; Fertility preservation in cancer patients at the time of COVID-19 pandemic	Silvestris,  E,  Dellino, et al	Journal of Gynecology Obstetrics and Human Reproduction	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Vitamin D dosing considerations in COVID-19	Simonson,  W	Geriatric nursing	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 in COPD: A growing concern	Sin,  DD	EClinicalMedicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Building a Counseling Psychology of Liberation: The Path Behind Us, Under Us, and Before Us	Singh,  A	Counseling Psychologist	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Reply to comments on prone CPR for COVID-19 patients	Singh,  B,  Garg, et al	Indian Journal of Anaesthesia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Inhaled corticosteroids and COVID-19-related mortality: confounding or clarifying?	Singh,  Dave,  Halpin, et al	The Lancet Respiratory Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32910845; Lockdown and 3 Waves of Suicide in India During the COVID-19 Pandemic	Singh,  GP	The primary care companion for CNS disorders	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Potential bioactive molecules from natural products to combat against coronavirus	Singh,  YD,  Jena, et al	Advances in Traditional Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Endoscopy mask for safe extubation in patients with COVID-19	Sinha,  R,  Maitra, et al	Journal of Anaesthesiology Clinical Pharmacology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32846145; Optimizing Journal Clubs in the Post–Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Era	Slanetz,  PJ,  Bedi, et al	Journal of the American College of Radiology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32822644; Branding Your Radiology Residency and Fellowship Programs in the COVID-19 Era	Slanetz,  PJ,  Cooke, et al	Journal of the American College of Radiology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Dermatological manifestations of COVID-19: A practical summary of the current state of knowledge	Sławińska,  M,  Nowicki, et al	Przeglad Dermatologiczny	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Online Chemistry Education Challenges for Rio de Janeiro Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic	Soares,  R,  De Mello, et al	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Covid-19 pandemic and pediatric healthcare policy in Italy: Time for a change	Solarino,  B,  Aricò, et al	Pediatric Reports	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 hygiene measures: hand eczema and insights into ACE2 and integrins as key molecules for SARS-CoV-2 cutaneous transmission	Sollena,  P,  Cappilli, et al	Int J Dermatol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 and Holy Communion	Spantideas,  N,  Drosou, et al	Public health	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32934054; Vitamin D binding protein in COVID-19	Speeckaert,  MM,  Speeckaert, et al	Clinical medicine (London, England)	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Challenges posed by covid-19 to refugee camps on the greek islands: We are all humans after all	Spernovasilis,  N,  Markaki, et al	Pneumon	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Learnings to operate LTC better from the COVID-19 crisis	Stefanacci,  RG,  Riddle, et al	Geriatric nursing	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32678899; COVID-19: how things change in a short while	Stolfo,  D,  Sinagra, et al	European heart journal.Cardiovascular pharmacotherapy	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 IN SOUTH ASIA: MIRROR AND CATALYST	Stone,  R	Asian Affairs	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Maintaining mental health among medical staff during the COVID-19 pandemic: Taiwan's experience	Su,  JC,  Shen, et al	Journal of the Formosan Medical Association	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the scientific community	Subramanya,  SH,  Lama, et al	Qatar Medical Journal	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32841613; Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention or Fibrinolytic Therapy in COVID 19 Patients Presenting With ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction	Sudhakar,  D,  Jneid, et al	American Journal of Cardiology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 and State Failure: A Double Whammy for Trade Unions and Labour Rights	Sundar,  KRS	Indian Journal of Labour Economics	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Remote Teaching and Learning in a Pandemic: Reflections from Chemistry Instructors at a Pharmacy School in Jordan	Sunoqrot,  S,  Al-Shalabi, et al	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 coronavirus infection - Pregnancy and childbirth	Surbek,  D,  Baud, et al	Schweizer Zeitschrift fur Gynakologie	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32925531; Capital Allocation in the Wake of COVID-19: Fundamentals Still Apply	Sussman,  JH	Journal of healthcare management / American College of Healthcare Executives	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Lessons from a Pandemic: Educating for Complexity, Change, Uncertainty, Vulnerability, and Resilience	Talanquer,  V,  Bucat, et al	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Care of tuberculosis patients in the times of COVID-19	Tale,  S,  Meitei Soibam, et al	Indian Journal of Tuberculosis	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Response to COVID-19 ‘Now i send you the rays of the sun’: a drama project to rebuild post-COVID-19 resilience for teachers and children in Hong Kong	Tam,  PC	Research in Drama Education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Covid-19: CDC publishes then withdraws information on aerosol transmission	Tanne,  JH	Bmj	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32930555; Hands down, COVID-19 will change medical practice	Tepper,  DL,  Burger, et al	The American Journal of Managed Care	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 in India: the dangers of false optimism	The,  Lancet	The Lancet	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32702176; Endoscopic mask innovation and protective measures changes during the coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic: Experience from a Chinese hepato-biliary-pancreatic unit	Tian,  Q,  Yan, et al	Digestive Endoscopy	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Neglected tropical diseases in non-endemic countries in the era of COVID-19 pandemic: the great forgotten	Tilli,  M,  Olliaro, et al	J Travel Med	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Making Lemonade out of Lemons: Supporting Adoption of Evidence-Based Practices in Response to Educational Disruptions	Titu,  P,  Jiang, et al	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Misconceptions of pathophysiology of happy hypoxemia and implications for management of COVID-19	Tobin,  MJ,  Jubran, et al	Respir Res	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Clinical Characteristics and Trends in Heart Failure Hospitalizations: An Australian Experience During the COVID-19 Lockdown	Toner,  L,  Koshy, et al	JACC: Heart Failure	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Natural products research in the modern age	Tong,  Y	Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Flavonoids as a potential adjuvant therapy of COVID-19?	Torkos,  T,  Macay, et al	Bratislava Medical Journal	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Collateral effects of Covid-19 pandemic emergency response on worldwide immunizations	Torner,  N	Vacunas	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Functional Limitations Post-COVID-19: A Comprehensive Assessment Strategy	Torres-Castro,  R,  Solis-Navarro, et al	Archivos de Bronconeumologia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Looking at the day after COVID-19… what laryngeal sequelea should we expect?	Torretta,  S,  Gaini, et al	Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
A Tale of Two Lab Courses: An Account and Reflection on the Teaching Challenges Experienced by Organic and Analytical Chemistry Laboratories during the COVID-19 Period	Tran,  K,  Beshir, et al	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32901669; A investigação em serviços de saúde e a pandemia de COVID-19	Travassos,  C	Cadernos de saude publica	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Educating Students With Disabilities During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Lessons Learned From Commerce Independent School District	Tremmel,  P,  Myers, et al	Rural Special Education Quarterly	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32921727; COVID-19 and type 1 diabetes: Concerns and challenges	Trevisani,  V,  Bruzzi, et al	Acta Biomedica	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 Racial/Ethnic Inequities in Acute Care and Critical Illness Survivorship	Tukpah,  AM,  Moll, et al	Ann Am Thorac Soc	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Rapid development of a Clinical Decision-Making Committee in a UK paediatric hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic	Turnock,  R,  Weston, et al	Medical Law International	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32936848; We are all in this together: Lessons learned on a COVID-19 unit	Tyler,  CV	The Journal of family practice	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Impact of COVID-19 on Informal Economy: The Revival	Unni,  J	Indian Journal of Labour Economics	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
PMC7314666; A need for consensus on mortality reporting related to the coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic in ongoing and future vascular registries and trials	Valdivia,  AR,  Chaudhuri, et al	J Vasc Surg	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Teaching Instrumental Analytical Chemistry in the Framework of COVID-19: Experiences and Outlook	Valle-Suárez,  RM,  Calderón-Mendoza, et al	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 and neurological training in Europe: from early challenges to future perspectives	van der Meulen,  M,  Kleineberg, et al	Neurol Sci	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32910443; Course of covid-19 infections and impact on mental health; setting up a national case register	Van Helvoort,  M,  Van Dee, et al	Tijdschrift voor Psychiatrie	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
PMC7302084; Additional Suggestions for Organ Donation During COVID-19 Outbreak	Vargas,  M,  Iacovazzo, et al	Transplantation	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among pregnant women in Estonia: a call for epidemiological studies	Veerus,  P,  Salumets, et al	Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Treatment of children with COVID-19: position paper of the Italian Society of Pediatric Infectious Disease	Venturini,  E,  Montagnani, et al	Ital J Pediatr	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
American society of gene and cell therapy (ASGCT) – 23rd annual meeting	Verges,  C,  Odland, et al	Drugs of the Future	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on clinical and surgical breast cancer management	Veronesi,  P,  Corso, et al	EClinicalMedicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Scientific Rationale for a Bottom-Up Approach to Target the Host Response in Order to Try and Reduce the Numbers Presenting With Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome Associated With COVID-19. Is There a Role for Statins and COX-2 Inhibitors in the Preventi	Verrall,  GM	Frontiers in Immunology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Teaching Instrumental Analytical Chemistry during COVID-19 Times in a Developing Country: Asynchronous versus Synchronous Communication	Villanueva,  ME,  Camilli, et al	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Adapting to the COVID-19 Online Transition: Reflections in a General Chemistry Sequence Taught by Multiple Instructors with Diverse Pedagogies	Villanueva,  O,  Behmke, et al	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Transitioning an Upper-Level, Integrated Laboratory Course to Remote and Online Instruction during the COVID-19 Pandemic	Villanueva,  O,  Zimmermann, et al	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Gender responsive budgeting and the COVID-19 pandemic response: a feminist standpoint	Viswanath,  S,  Mullins, et al	Administrative Theory and Praxis	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The influence of demographics and personality on COVID-19 coping in young adults	Volk,  AA,  Brazil, et al	Personality and Individual Differences	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Let COVID-19 Serve as a Catalyst to Fix National Crisis of Poor Maternal Mortality Data	Volkin,  S,  Mayer, et al	J Public Health Manag Pract	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Covid-19 has accelerated digital transformation, but may have made it harder not easier	Wade,  M,  Shan, et al	MIS Quarterly Executive	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Three-dimensional printing in a pandemic: panacea or panic?	Wagels,  M,  Hutmacher, et al	Medical Journal of Australia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The politics of healthcare reforms in Ghana under the Fourth Republic since 1993: a critical analysis	Wahab,  H,  Aka, et al	Canadian Journal of African Studies	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Communicating about suicide during a global pandemic: impact on journalists and media audiences	Wake,  A,  Paton, et al	Media International Australia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The WHO Health Alert: Communicating a Global Pandemic with WhatsApp	Walwema,  J	Journal of Business and Technical Communication	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32851645; Angiotensin-converting enzyme II expression and its implication in the association between COVID-19 and allergic rhinitis	Wang,  H,  Song, et al	Allergy: European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
PMC7262533; Strategy for treating vascular emergencies during the COVID-19 pandemic in China	Wang,  J,  Kuang, et al	J Vasc Surg	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Strategies, Practice and Lessons Learned from Remote Teaching of the General Chemistry Laboratory Course at Brown University	Wang,  LQ,  Ren, et al	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Small molecule therapeutics for COVID-19: Repurposing of inhaled furosemide	Wang,  Z,  Wang, et al	PeerJ	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Human rights and education for Gambian young women during COVID-19: Recommendations for social policy and practice	Wannamakok,  W,  Sissokho, et al	International Social Work	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32920170; May omega-3 fatty acid dietary supplementation help reduce severe complications in Covid-19 patients?	Weill,  P,  Plissonneau, et al	Biochimie	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32926173; Disparities in Adherence to COVID-19 Public Health Recommendations	Weiss,  BD,  Paasche-Orlow, et al	Health literacy research and practice	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Kinder und SARS-CoV-2: Hormonell betrachtet	Wenderlein,  JM	Deutsches Arzteblatt International	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Study Protocol for the COVID-19 Pandemic Adjustment Survey (CPAS): A Longitudinal Study of Australian Parents of a Child 0–18 Years	Westrupp,  EM,  Karantzas, et al	Frontiers in Psychiatry	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Understanding pet scams: A case study of advance fee and non-delivery fraud using victims’ accounts	Whittaker,  JM,  Button, et al	Australian and New Zealand Journal of Criminology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Caring for AML Patients During the COVID-19 Crisis: An American and Italian Experience	Wilde,  L,  Isidori, et al	Frontiers in Oncology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Balancing the Disruptions to the Teaching and Learning Equilibrium - Responsive Pedagogic Approaches to Teaching Online during the Covid-19 Pandemic in General Chemistry Classes at an Arabian Gulf University	Wilson,  K	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Food Insecurity During COVID-19: An Acute Crisis With Long-Term Health Implications	Wolfson,  JA,  Leung, et al	Am J Public Health	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Higher education and oil: The cost of credit and crude – A strategic corollary for industry and higher education	Woodside,  JM	Industry and Higher Education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32551880; Involvement of Cisgender and Transgender Individuals in Studies on the Impact of Hormonal Therapy on COVID-19	Wozniak,  RJ,  Nixon, et al	AIDS Patient Care and STDs	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Developing a Reliable Service System of Charity Donation during the Covid-19 Outbreak	Wu,  H,  Zhu, et al	IEEE Access	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Outlier knowledge management for extreme public health events: Understanding public opinions about COVID-19 based on microblog data	Xia,  H,  An, et al	Socio-economic planning sciences	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Online education action for defeating COVID-19 in China: An analysis of the system, mechanism and mode	Xue,  E,  Li, et al	Educational Philosophy and Theory	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Normas para la protección al salir de casa ante la pandemia COVID-19	y Rodríguez,  RGC,  Robledo-Galván, et al	Revista Mexicana de Pediatria	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Role of point of care ultrasound to determine the correct position of the nasogastric tube in intubated COVID -19 patients	Yadav,  S,  Singh, et al	Trends in Anaesthesia and Critical Care	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Comorbidities and COVID-19	Yaddanapudi,  L	Journal of Anaesthesiology Clinical Pharmacology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32934802; A dataset for the perceived vulnerability to disease scale in Japan before the spread of COVID-19	Yamada,  Y,  Xu, et al	F1000Research	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
A novel protective barrier enclosure for performing bronchoscopy	Yamamoto,  S,  Nakayama, et al	Respiratory Investigation	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Globalism or Nationalism? The Paradox of Chinese Official Discourse in the Context of the COVID-19 Outbreak	Yang,  Y,  Chen, et al	Journal of Chinese Political Science	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Turning Information Dissipation into Dissemination: Instagram as a Communication Enhancing Tool during the COVID-19 Pandemic and beyond	Ye,  S,  Hartmann, et al	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The New Normal of ENT OPD: Adapting Safe Practices	Yeolekar,  A,  Bhalerao, et al	Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Rethinking four social issues of the COVID-19 pandemic from social work perspectives	Yeong-Tsyr Wang,  K,  Wen-Hui, et al	Asia Pacific Journal of Social Work and Development	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Where’s the community in community, work and family? A community-based capabilities approach	Yerkes,  MA,  Hoogenboom, et al	Community, Work and Family	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32934055; Supplemental oxygen in COVID-19: a friend or foe?	Yilmaz,  O,  Yilmaz, et al	Clinical medicine (London, England)	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The Development of Critical Care Medicine in China: From SARS to COVID-19 Pandemic	Yin,  H,  Wang, et al	Critical Care Research and Practice	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Going Remote: How Teaching during a Crisis is Unique to Other Distance Learning Experiences	Youmans,  MK	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Developing Engaging Remote Laboratory Activities for a Nonmajors Chemistry Course during COVID-19	Youssef,  M,  McKinstry, et al	Journal of chemical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
A reflection on the current China social work education in the combat with COVID-19	Yuan,  Y,  He, et al	Social Work Education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
International entrepreneurship in the post Covid world	Zahra,  SA	Journal of World Business	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Economic security of Ukraine: Innovative concept of strengthening in the context of covid-19	Zalizko,  V,  Nowak, et al	Naukovyi Visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children and SARS-CoV-2 Serology	Zeichner,  SL,  Cruz, et al	Pediatrics	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The pharmacological effect, application prospect and pharmaceutical monitoring of remdesivir	Zhai,  LJ,  Zhao, et al	Chinese Journal of New Drugs	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32933231; Reverse-view pharyngeal swab collection method	Zhang,  L,  Guan, et al	Journal of Biological Regulators and Homeostatic Agents	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Strategy and thinking of the development and review policies of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) new drugs taking "three Chinese patent medicines and three TCM prescriptions" as examples	Zhang,  XY,  Liu, et al	Chinese Journal of New Drugs	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Fear Of Missing Out Scale: A self-concept perspective	Zhang,  Z,  Jiménez, et al	Psychology and Marketing	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Thoughts on the registration of new traditional Chinese medicines in the COVID-19 epidemic situation	Zhu,  XQ,  Cheng, et al	Chinese Journal of New Drugs	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32763481; Liver Function Should Be Monitored When Treating COVID-19 in Chronic HBV-Infected Patients	Zou,  X,  Fang, et al	Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Human recombinant soluble ACE2 in severe COVID-19	Zoufaly,  Alexander,  Poglitsch, et al	The Lancet Respiratory Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
“Predictors of mortality for patients with COVID-19 pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2: a prospective cohort study.” Rong-Hui Du, Li-Rong Liang, Cheng-Qing Yang, Wen Wang, Tan-Ze Cao, Ming Li, Guang-Yun Guo, Juan Du, Chun-Lan Zheng, Qi Zhu, Ming Hu, Xu-Yan Li		Eur Respir J	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
V. Management of the patient with SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 infection		Infectio	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 Mehr Pneumokokkenimpfungen nach Ministerempfehlung		Deutsches Arzteblatt International	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Lifestyle, health and wellbeing - COVID-19 and beyond		Practice Nurse	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Global impact of the first coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic wave on vascular services		British Journal of Surgery	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32934353; Keep collaboration open when doors are closing		Nature	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32939072; Parenting brain switch, vanishing journals and COVID-19 in kids		Nature	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Medical protective clothing: Demand and innovation spurred by the COVID-19 pandemic		Performance Apparel Markets	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Profile of elevate textiles: A global trailblazer in performance fabrics, threads and technologies		Performance Apparel Markets	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Proceedings of the 24th International Database Engineering and Applications Symposium, IDEAS 2020			Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

Appendix: Process and definitions. 

A daily search for new publications is conducted in PubMed, Scopus, BioRxiv and MedRxiv, SSRN, Research Square, arXiv for all publications related to COVID-19 disease or SARS-CoV-2 using the search terms (COVID-19 OR SARS-CoV-2 OR "novel CoV" OR "novel coronavirus" OR nCoV) adapted to each database.  The capture is cross-referenced with publication announcements on the COVID-19 dashboards set up by a number of publishers and google.  Publishers include Lancet, Elsevier, The New England Journal of Medicine, BMJ, Wiley, Springer Nature, ChinaCDCweekly. Additionally the database is cross-referenced with other literature scans e.g. WHO publication list and activities by collaborators.  Members of the Emerging Sciences group develop 1 -2 point summaries of each publication. Please email Lisa Waddell for additional information: Lisa.Waddell@canada.ca.  References are compiled in a reworks database that has citations since the beginning of the outbreak.  All references can be accessed at this link and by the categories listed below.  The daily scan has also been compiled in an excel sheet and copies can be provided upon request or accessed here.

Category Definitions:

Modelling/ prediction: Predictive modeling is a process that uses data mining and probability to forecast outcomes. Each model is made up of a number of predictors, which are variables that are likely to influence future results.

Epidemiology: the branch of medicine which deals with the incidence, distribution, and possible control of diseases and other factors relating to health. Includes Ro, attack rates, case number doubling time, case fatality rate, serial interval, clinical attack rate, asymptomatic fraction, proportion of asymptomatic and infective*

Transmission: The passage of a pathogen causing communicable disease from an infected host to an uninfected host via direct or indirect routes.

Clinical data of cases: Includes clinical parameters such as incubation period, latent period, period of communicability, duration of illness, duration of hospitalization, host risk factors, as well as clinical profiles of patients; presenting symptoms, symptoms over course of illness, sequelae, comorbidities.* 

Surveillance: Public health surveillance is the continuous, systematic collection, analysis and interpretation of health-related data.  Surveillance data will likely be number of cases suspected/confirmed, number of deaths, number recovered. *

Coronavirology: All research relating to the virus; its characteristics, genetic make-up, phylogenetic analyses

Diagnostics / Pathogen detection:  All studies on identification of the virus; culture, PCR, antibody/antigen tests etc.

Therapeutics: Studies of substances that may be used to treat infected hosts including passive immunization products.

Vaccine Research:  Studies of vaccine candidates to prevent infection with 2019-nCoV including clinical trials.

Public Health Priorities: These citations will focus on what the current research priorities are and/or where knowledge gaps exist.

Public Health interventions*: Any study evaluating how effective a public health intervention is or maybe (in the case of a predictive model).

Public Health response: These papers are typically overviews of past and current activities, they often also identify knowledge gaps and suggest future activities or objectives.

Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI): Any research on the effectiveness of IPC interventions should also be tagged as IPC

Health care Response: This foci would include a description of activities to deal with 2019-nCoV cases including, but not limited to:  set up of a special emergency multi-disciplinary intensive care team; Bed and medical equipment preparation/ stock piling supplies; Education and training of staff; Early case recognition and classification of disease severity.

Economics: papers discussing/ forecasting the economics of COVID-19 pandemic.

Immunology:

Animal Model:

Zoonotic: all literature discussing the transmission to and from or occurrence of naturally acquired SARS-COV-2 infection in animals.

Review Literature:  All articles that summarize the published literature can be tagged as a review.  This includes systematic review, meta-analysis, scoping review, overviews, umbrella reviews*

Commentary/Editorial: For commentaries, editorials, letters to the editor, other types of opinion pieces where there is no new data collected by the author or analysis conducted by the author, please tag these within the commentary category.

News articles that have not scientific information.

*Lists are not exhaustive

Annexe: Processus et définitions. 

Une recherche quotidienne des nouvelles publications est effectuée dans PubMed, Scopus, BioRxiv and MedRxiv, SSRN, Research Square, arXiv pour toutes les publications relatives à la maladie COVID-19 ou au SRAS-CoV-2 en utilisant les termes de recherche (COVID-19 OU SARS-CoV-2 OU « novel CoV » OU « novel coronavirus » OU nCoV).  La saisie renvoie à des annonces de publication sur les tableaux de bord du nCoV mis en place par un certain nombre d'éditeurs et par Google.  Parmi les éditeurs figurent Lancet, Elsevier, The New England Journal of Medicine, BMJ, Wiley, Springer Nature, ChinaCDCweekly.  En outre, la base de données renvoie à d'autres survols de publications, e.g. la liste des publications de l'OMS, et à des activités des collaborateurs.  Les membres du groupe scientifique émergent préparent des résumés en 1 ou 2 points de chaque publication. Pour en savoir plus, veuillez envoyer un courriel à Lisa Waddell au : Lisa.Waddell@canada.ca.  Les références sont compilées dans une base de données Refworks qui contient des citations depuis le début de l'épidémie.  Toutes les références sont accessibles à partir de ce lien et par les catégories énumérées ci-dessous. L'analyse quotidienne a également été compilée dans une feuille Excel et des copies peuvent être fournies sur demande ou consultées ici.

Définitions des catégories :

Modélisation / prédiction : La modélisation prédictive est un processus qui utilise l'exploration de données et la probabilité pour prévoir les résultats. Chaque modèle est composé de plusieurs prédicteurs, qui sont des variables susceptibles d'influencer les résultats futurs.

Épidémiologie : Branche de la médecine qui traite de l'incidence, de la répartition et du contrôle éventuel des maladies et d'autres facteurs liés à la santé. Comprend le taux de reproduction de base (Ro), les taux d'attaque, le temps de doublement du nombre de cas, le taux de létalité, l'intervalle sériel, le taux d'attaque clinique, la fraction asymptomatique, la proportion de cas asymptomatiques et infectieux*.

Transmission : Passage d'un agent pathogène causant une maladie transmissible d'un hôte infecté à un hôte non infecté par des voies directes ou indirectes.

Données cliniques des cas : Comprend les paramètres cliniques tels que la période d'incubation, la période de latence, la période de contagiosité, la durée de la maladie, la durée de l'hospitalisation, les facteurs de risque de l'hôte, ainsi que les profils cliniques des patients; les symptômes présentés, les symptômes au cours de la maladie, les séquelles, les comorbidités.* 

Surveillance : La surveillance de la santé publique est la collecte, l'analyse et l'interprétation continues et systématiques de données relatives à la santé.  Les données de surveillance concerneront probablement le nombre de cas suspects / confirmés, le nombre de décès, le nombre de personnes guéries. *

Coronavirologie : Toutes les recherches relatives au virus, ses caractéristiques, sa constitution génétique et les analyses phylogénétiques.

Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes : Toutes les études sur l'identification du virus : culture, PCR, tests de dépistage d'anticorps ou d’antigènes, etc.

Thérapeutique : Étude des substances pouvant être utilisées pour traiter les hôtes infectés, y compris les produits d'immunisation passive.

Recherche sur les vaccins : Études des candidats à la vaccination pour prévenir l'infection par le 2019-nCoV, y compris des essais cliniques.

Priorités de santé publique : Ces citations porteront sur les priorités actuelles de recherche et/ou sur les lacunes dans les connaissances.

Interventions de santé publique* : Toute étude évaluant l'efficacité (réelle ou possible) d'une intervention de santé publique (dans le cas d'un modèle prédictif).

Réponse de la santé publique : Ces articles sont généralement des aperçus des activités passées et actuelles, qui identifient souvent les lacunes dans les connaissances et suggèrent des activités ou des objectifs futurs.

Prévention et contrôle des infections/Infection Prevention and Control (PCI/IPAC) : Les recherches sur l'efficacité des interventions en PCI doivent également être marquées comme PCI.

Réponse des soins de santé : Ce point comprendrait une description des activités pour traiter les cas de 2019-nCoV, notamment :  mise en place d'une équipe multidisciplinaire spéciale de soins intensifs d'urgence; préparation des lits et des équipements médicaux / stockage des fournitures; sensibilisation et formation du personnel; reconnaissance précoce des cas et classification de la gravité de la maladie.

Immunologie :

Modèle animal:

Zoonotic: all literature discussing the transmission to and from or occurrence of naturally acquired SARS-COV-2 infection in animals.

Économie: documents discutant / prévoyant l'économie de la pandémie de COVID-19

Revue de la documentation :  Tous les articles qui résument les documents publiés peuvent être marqués comme une revue.  Cela comprend les revues systématiques, les méta-analyses, les études de la portée, les aperçus, les examens généraux*.

Commentaires/Éditorial : Pour les commentaires, éditoriaux, lettres à la rédaction, autres types d'articles d'opinion pour lesquels aucune nouvelle donnée n'est collectée ou aucune analyse n'est effectuée par l'auteur, veuillez les marquer dans la catégorie des commentaires.

journaux Articles de presse qui n'ont pas d'informations scientifiques.

* Les listes ne sont pas exhaustives