Subject: Daily Scan of COVID-19 Scientific Publications / survol journalier des publications scientifiques du COVID-19,
2020-09-25
Good afternoon,
There are 321 citations in today’s scan. 178 were considered primary research or review literature.
Highlights today include:
PUBLIC HEALTH INTERVENTION
·
Hahn R., The goal of this analysis is to estimate the proportion of COVID-19
deaths attributable to President Donald Trump's early pronouncements about voluntary mask use and his intention not to use masks. Data from available research were used to estimate parameters for the calculation of population attributable risk for COVID-19
deaths reported to date. Assuming Trump's pronouncement to have caused 25%, 50%, and 75% of the non-use of masks, estimates of Trump-attributable COVID-19 deaths to date would be, respectively, 4,244, 8,356, or 12,202.
The effects of presidential pronouncements on health-related matters may have large public health consequences. Pronouncements of national leaders should be based on the best available science.
IPAC
·
O’Kelly et al
examined the ability of fabrics which might be used to create home-made face masks to filter out ultrafine (0.02–0.1 µm) particles at the velocity of adult human coughing. Their findings suggest that face masks made from layered common fabric can help
filter ultrafine particles and provide some protection for the wearer when commercial face masks are unavailable.
EPIDEMIOLOGY
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Peters et al
used data from the UK Biobank to assess the risk of COVID‐19 mortality associated with various anthropometric measures in women and men. The study demonstrates the role of obesity in COVID‐19 mortality and shows that the relative effects of a higher
BMI on COVID‐19 mortality may be stronger in women than men.
·
Marinaccio et al
report that according to compensation claims applications, COVID-19 infection in Italy has been acquired at the workplace in a substantial portion of the total cases (19.4%). The economic sectors mostly involved were human health and social work activities,
but occupational compensation claims also include cases in meat and poultry processing plants workers, store clerks, postal workers, pharmacists and cleaning workers.
·
Collins et al assessed 1277 older patients with COVID-19, aged ≥ 65 (79.9 ± 8.1) years using a clinical frailty scale taken at admission. Prevalence of frailty was high at 66.9%,
suggesting high risk of hospitalization in frail patients who contract SARS-CoV-2 infection. This may help health care planners including those in the long-term care sector to manage COVID-19 in seniors and care facilities.
CLINICAL DATA
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To et al provide a case report of a patient with COVID 19 reinfection. They showed serum neutralizing
antibody was detected during the first episode but not at the second. During reinfection high avidity IgG was found 8 days after hospitalization, while IgM response was absent. Waning humoral immunity may have predisposed this patient to the reinfection with
a different strain of SARs-CoV-2.
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Hosie et al.
reported that two cats from different COVID-19-infected households in the UK were found infected with SARS-CoV-2 from humans. Lung tissue collected post-mortem from cat 1 displayed pathological and histological findings consistent with viral pneumonia
and tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 antigens and RNA. SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in an oropharyngeal swab collected from cat 2 that presented with rhinitis and conjunctivitis. The infected cats developed mild to severe respiratory disease.
CORONAVIROLOGY
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Konno, et al.
show that SARS-CoV-2 ORF3b is a potent interferon antagonist, suppressing the induction of type I interferon more efficiently than its SARS-CoV ortholog. Phylogenetic analyses and functional assays reveal that SARS-CoV-2-related viruses from bats and
pangolins also encode truncated ORF3b gene products with strong anti-interferon activity. Our findings not only help to explain the poor interferon response in COVID-19 patients but also describe the emergence of natural SARS-CoV-2 quasispecies with an extended
ORF3b gene that may potentially affect COVID-19 pathogenesis.
DIAGNOSTICS
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Goncharova et al. The aim of the study was a development and evaluation of a one-step RT-qPCR assay (COVID-19 Amp) for SARS-CoV-2 detection
with an armored positive control and internal controls constructed from synthetic MS2-phage-based RNA particles. The developed COVID-19 Amp assay has high sensitivity and specificity, includes virus particles-based controls, provides the direct definition
of SARS-CoV-2 RdRp gene partial sequence, and is suitable for any hospital and laboratory equipped for RT-qPCR.
·
Mlcochova et al
assessed the diagnostic accuracy of combined rapid antibody point of care and nucleic acid assays (NAAT) for suspected COVID-19 disease due to either wild-type or the D614G spike mutant SARS-CoV-2. The combined point of care antibody test and rapid NAAT
was not affected by D614G and demonstrated very high sensitivity for COVID-19 diagnosis with very high specificity.
PUBLIC HEALTH RESPONES
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Apouey et al explored how precarious workers, particularly those employed in the gig economy, balance financial uncertainty,
health risks, and mental well-being. Analysis revealed that 56% of the overall sample had stopped working and respondents had experienced a 28% income drop on average during lockdown. Gig economy drivers reported a significant 20 percentage point larger income
decrease than other workers. The quantitative analysis also revealed that stress and anxiety levels were not higher for these groups and bikers in fact reported significantly lower stress levels during the lockdown.
Regards,
Lisa Waddell, Tricia Corrin, Rukshanda Ahmad, Robyn Odell, Maribeth Mitri, Julie Theriault, Dobrila Todoric, Alejandra Dubois, Christina Bancej, Austyn Baumeister, Anam Khan, Musaab Younis, Lien Mi Tien, Dima Ayache, Angela Sloan, Kaitlin
Young, Chatura Prematunge, Ainsley Otten, Irene Yong, Drew Greydanus, Shalane Ha, Alex Gilbert, Jessie Varga, Vanessa Zubach, Meenu Sharma, Kristyn Burak
Focus areas: Modelling/ prediction, Epidemiology, Transmission, Clinical data, Surveillance, Coronavirology, Diagnostics / Pathogen detection, Therapeutics,
Vaccine Research, Public health interventions, Public Health response, Public Health Priorities, IPAC, Health care response, immunology, economics, animal model, zoonoses, Review Literature, Commentary/Editorial, news
Domaines cibles: Modélisation/prédiction, Épidémiologie, Transmission, Données cliniques, Surveillance, Coronavirologie, Diagnostics
/ Détection d'agents pathogènes, Thérapeutique, Recherche sur les vaccins, Interventions de santé publique, Priorités de santé publique, PCI,
Réponse des soins de santé, immunologie, économie, modèle animal, zoonoses, Revue de littérature, Commentaire/Éditorial, journaux
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PUBLICATIONS |
AUTHORS / AUTEURS |
SOURCE |
FOCI / DOMAINE |
SUMMARY / SOMMAIRE |
Demographic characteristics and neurological comorbidity of patients with COVID-19 |
Acar, T, Acar, et al |
Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
The COVID-19 infection that started in the Wuhan Province of the People's Republic of China and has now spread throughout
the world is not limited to the respiratory system, but also causes other systemic symptoms through viremia. Recent data show that the central and peripheral nervous system involvement is particularly substantial. Thus, the present study aims to investigate
the current neurological comorbidities and symptoms of patients with COVID-19 who were followed up by our clinic physicians. |
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Association of SARS-CoV-2 Test Status and Pregnancy Outcomes |
Ahlberg, M, Neovius, et al |
Jama |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
This research latter reports on the study that compared pregnant persons in labor who were infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus
2 (SARS-CoV-2) compared with those uninfected. Among 2682 patients presenting in labor, 156 (5.8%) were SARS-CoV-2 positive (142 [91%] at admission and 14 [9%] during pregnancy). Sixty-five percent testing positive were asymptomatic. Matched 155 patients
testing positive to 604 testing negative. Patients testing positive were more likely to have preeclampsia and less likely to undergo induction of labor. Other maternal outcomes, including mode of delivery, postpartum hemorrhage, and preterm birth, did not
significantly differ between groups. Infants did not differ regarding 5-minute Apgar score and birth weight for gestational age. |
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Performance characteristics of five immunoassays for SARS-CoV-2: a head-to-head
benchmark comparison |
Ainsworth, Mark, Andersson, et al |
The Lancet Infectious Diseases |
Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes |
BackgroundSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused a global pandemic in 2020. Testing is crucial for mitigating public health
and economic effects. Serology is considered key to population-level surveillance and potentially individual-level risk assessment. However, immunoassay performance has not been compared on large, identical sample sets. We aimed to investigate the performance
of four high-throughput commercial SARS-CoV-2 antibody immunoassays and a novel 384-well ELISA. |
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Emergency retinal detachment surgery during Covid-19 pandemic: a national survey
and local review |
Akram, H, Dowlut, et al |
Eye (Lond) |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
This editorial reports on investigating the vitreoretinal practice using a 20 question survey sent to British and Eire Association of Vitreoretinal Surgeons
(BEAVRS) members. Out of 50 respondents, 31 had answered that they were able to provide vitreoretinal treatment at full capacity. Analysis shows 67.7% of these had decreased number of RD presentations. Within the authors own unit; during the pandemic, they
noticed a 292% increase in RRD cases (total 2020 = 35) as opposed to the same period in 2019 (total 2019 = 12). This may be due to more referrals from nearby units who may previously have referred their patients to other centres. |
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How COVID-19 has changed the unselected medical take: an observational study |
Alexander Ho, KM, Anandhakrishnan, et al |
Clin Med (Lond) |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
This study retrospectively reviewed patients who were referred to general medicine during March 2020 and compared the clinical outcomes of patients with
and without COVID-19. 814 patients were included, comprising 777 unique patients. On average, 26 patients were admitted per day. 38% of admitted patients were suspected of COVID-19, with greater numbers of COVID-19 patients in the second half compared to the
first half of the month (p<0.001). Logistic regression analyses showed suspected COVID-19 was an independent predictor for inpatient mortality (odds ratio OR] = 6.09, p<0.001) and 30-day mortality (OR = 4.66, p<0.001). |
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Posthematopoietic stem cell transplant COVID-19 infection in a pediatric patient with IPEX
syndrome |
Alicea Marrero, MM, Silio, et al |
Pediatr Blood Cancer |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
This editorial presents a case report of an 8‐year‐old African‐American male with immune‐dysregulation polyendocrinopathy
X‐linked (IPEX) syndrome underwent haploidentical, related bone marrow hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT), and contracted SARS‐CoV‐2 during the periengraftment period, subsequently developing primary graft failure. |
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Repercussions of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Care Practices of a Tertiary Hospital |
Almeida, ALC, Santo, et al |
Arq Bras Cardiol |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
This cross-sectional cohort COVID-19 has led to a considerable decrease in the number of consultations in outpatient
clinics for cardiology, oncology, and other specialties. Results show that COVID-19 led to a considerable decrease in the number of consultations in outpatient clinics for cardiology, oncology, and other specialties. There was a concerning decrease in the
number of cardiac surgeries, chemotherapy sessions, and radiotherapy sessions during the initial weeks of the pandemic. |
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COVID-19 pandemic- knowledge, perception, anxiety
and depression among frontline doctors of Pakistan |
Amin, F, Sharif, et al |
BMC Psychiatry |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
This study determined knowledge and perception about this pandemic, prevalence and factors associated with anxiety/depression
among frontline physicians of Pakistan. A 43% prevalence of anxiety/depression among frontline physicians of Pakistan was reported. Almost all the doctors had moderate to high knowledge score. Majority of participants marked N-95 mask as "essential" during
aerosol generating procedures, assessing patients with respiratory symptoms, in COVID patient-care area, ER triage and direct care of COVID-19 patient. Only 12% of the doctors were fully satisfied with the provision of PPEs and almost 94% felt unprotected.
In multivariable model, assessing more than five COVID suspects/day , working 20 h/week or less, having children among household members and moderate to low knowledge of the infection were found to be independent predictors of anxiety/depression among physicians. |
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Anthi, A, Konstantonis, et al |
Am J Case Rep |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
This article presents a case report of a 73-year-old man with a 6-day history of fever up to 38.5°C, dyspnea, cough,
and fatigue was diagnosed with COVID-19. While undergoing treatment his transthoracic echocardiogram at that time, followed by a transesophageal echocardiogram for better evaluation, revealed the presence of a right atrium thrombus without signs of acute
right ventricular dilatation and impaired systolic function. This case highlights the central role of diagnostic imaging strategies and the importance of adequate anticoagulation therapy in the management of severe COVID-19 cases in the ICU. |
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Anzola, GP, Bartolaminelli, et al |
Intern Emerg Med |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
This hospital-based prospective study assessed the effect of ACEI/ARBs on outcome in COVID-19 patients. The proportion
of patients taking ACEIs, ARBs or OTHERs who developed MILD or SEVERE RD was 43/77 (56%), 33/53 (52%), 39/64 (61%) and 19/77 (25%), 16/63 (25%) and 16/64 (25%), respectively, with no statistical difference between groups. Despite producing a RR for SEVERE
RD of 2.59 (95% CI 1.93-3.49), hypertension was no longer significant in a logistic regression analysis that identified age, CRP and creatinine as the sole independent predictors of SEVERE RD and DEATH. ACEIs and ARBs do not promote a more severe outcome of
COVID-19. |
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Gig Workers during the COVID-19 Crisis in France: Financial Precarity and Mental
Well-Being |
Apouey, B, Roulet, et al |
J Urban Health |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
This study analyzed outcomes for precarious workers during the mandatory lockdown in France as an extreme case to better
understand how financial precarity relates to health risks and mental well-being. Analysis revealed that 3 weeks into the lockdown, 56% of the overall sample had stopped working and respondents had experienced a 28% income drop on average. Gig economy drivers
reported a significant 20 percentage point larger income decrease than other workers in this sample. Bikers were significantly more likely to have continued working outside the home during the lockdown. The quantitative analysis also revealed that stress and
anxiety levels were not higher for these groups and that bikers in fact reported significantly lower stress levels during the lockdown. While this positive association between being a biker and mental health may be interpreted in different ways, this qualitative
data led to a nuanced understanding of the effect of gig work on mental well-being in this population group. |
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Azam, TU, Shadid, et al |
J Am Soc Nephrol |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
This multinational observational study measured suPAR levels in plasma samples from 352 adult patients that had been
collected within 48 hours of admission and examined the association between suPAR levels and incident in-hospital AKI. Results show that admission suPAR levels in patients hospitalized for COVID-19 are predictive of in-hospital AKI and the need for dialysis.
SuPAR may be a key component of the pathophysiology of AKI in COVID-19. |
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Baratella, E, Crivelli, et al |
J Bras Pneumol |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of a chest X-ray (CXR) score and of clinical and laboratory
data in predicting the clinical course of patients with SARS coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Our sample comprised 140 patients. Most of the patients were symptomatic (132/138; 95.7%), and 133/140 patients (95.0%) presented with opacities on CXR at admission.
Of the 140 patients, 7 (5.0%) showed no lung involvement, whereas 58 (41.4%), 31 (22.1%), 26 (18.6%), and 18 (12.9%), respectively, scored 1, 2, 3, and 4. In our sample, 66 patients underwent NIV or intubation, 37 of whom scored 1 or 2 on baseline CXR, and
28 patients died. The severity score based on CXR seems to be able to predict the clinical progression in cases that scored 0, 3, or 4. However, the score alone cannot predict the clinical progression in patients with mild-to-moderate parenchymal involvement
(scores 1 and 2). |
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Basso, C, Leone, et al |
Eur Heart J |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
In an international multicentre study, cardiac tissue from the autopsies of 21 consecutive COVID-19 patients was assessed
by cardiovascular pathologists. Lymphocytic myocarditis was present in 3 (14%) of the cases. In two of these cases, the T lymphocytes were CD4 predominant and in one case the T lymphocytes were CD8 predominant. Increased interstitial macrophage infiltration
was present in 18 (86%) of the cases. A mild pericarditis was present in four cases. Acute myocyte injury in the right ventricle, most probably due to strain/overload, was present in four cases. There was a non-significant trend toward higher serum troponin
levels in the patients with myocarditis compared with those without myocarditis. Disrupted coronary artery plaques, coronary artery aneurysms, and large pulmonary emboli were not identified. |
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Batur, Lutfiye Karcıoğlu, Hekim, et al |
Research Square prepub |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We aimed to evaluate association between polymorphisms in IL-6 gene at rs1800796/rs1800795, IL-6R at rs2228145, IL-10
at rs1800896 and rs1800871, IL-17 at rs2275913 and rs76378, and the prevalence (per million) and mortality rates (per million) of COVID-19 among populations of China, Japan, India, Iran, Spain, Italy, Mexico, Netherlands, Sweden, Turkey, Finland, Brazil, Czechia,
Russia, Poland. AG and GG genotypes of rs2275913 in IL-17A was found to be correlated with prevalence and mortality rates, especially in Spain and Brazil populations (p<0.05) while TT genotype of rs763780 in IL-17F was not dependent on the high frequencies
in all populations. However, the polymorphisms in IL-6, IL-6R and IL-10 appear not to be correlated with prevalence and mortality rates. The variations in the prevalence of COVID-19 and its mortality rates among countries may be explained by cytokine storm
differed by the polymorphisms of rs2275913 locus in IL-17A gene. |
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Bellini, D, Panvini, et al |
Eur Radiol |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection
d'agents pathogènes |
This study aimed to conduct a multireader validation study to evaluate the interobserver variability and the diagnostic
accuracy for the lung involvement by COVID-19 of COVID-19 Reporting and Data System (CO-RADS) score. A total of 572 patients (mean age, 63 ± 20 standard deviation]; 329 men; 142 patients with COVID-19 and 430 patients without COVID-19) were evaluated. There
was a moderate agreement for CO-RADS rating among all readers (Fleiss' K = 0.43 95% CI 0.42-0.44]) with a substantial agreement for CO-RADS 1 category (Fleiss' K = 0.61 95% CI 0.60-0.62]) and moderate agreement for CO-RADS 5 category (Fleiss' K = 0.60 95%
CI 0.58-0.61]). ROC analysis showed the CO-RADS score ≥ 4 as the optimal threshold, with a cumulative area under the curve of 0.72 (95% CI 66-78%), sensitivity 61% (95% CI 52-69%), and specificity 81% (95% CI 77-84%). |
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Bellosta, R, Bissacco, et al |
J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino) |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
This study aimed to highlight clinical practice among referral (Hub, HH) or satellite (Spoke, SH) hospitals Vascular
Surgery Units (VSUs) in Lombardy, during the COVID-19 pandemic "phase 1" period (March 8 - May 3, 2020). During the study period, 659 vascular patients in 4 HH and 27 SH were analyzed. Among these, 321 (48.7%) were admitted to a HH. No difference in COVID-19
positive patients was described (21.7% in HH vs 15.9% in SH; p=.058). After 30 days from intervention, HH and SH experienced similar mortality and no-intervention-related complication rate (12.1% vs 10.0%; p=.427 and 10.3% vs 8.3%; p=.377, respectively). Conversely,
in HH postoperative complications were higher (23.4% vs 16.9%, p=.038) and amputations in patients treated for PAD were lower (10.8% vs 26.8%; p<.001) than in SH. Multivariate analysis demonstrated in both cohorts COVID-19-related pneumonia as independent
predictor of death and postoperative complications, while age for death. |
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Berzuini, C, Hannan, et al |
BMJ Open |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We sought to explore the benefits of incorporating dynamic changes in routinely measured biomarkers, non-linear effects
and applying 'state-of-the-art' statistical methods in the development of a prognostic model to predict death in hospitalised patients with COVID-19. 392 patients with a COVID-19 diagnosis were identified. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve
increased from 0.73 using admission data alone to 0.75 when also considering results of baseline blood samples and to 0.83 when considering dynamic values of routinely collected markers. There was clear non-linearity in the association of age with patient
outcome. |
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PMC7498234; A novel CFD analysis to minimize the spread of COVID-19 virus in hospital
isolation room |
Bhattacharyya, S, Dey, et al |
Chaos Solitons Fractals |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention
et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI) Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
In order to numerically model the laminar-transitional flows, transition SST k-ε model, which involves four transport
equations are employed in the current study. It is found from the analysis that high turbulent fields generated inside the isolation room may be an effective way of distributing sanitizer in entire volume of isolation room to kill the COVID-19 virus. |
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Bir, Courtney, Widmar, et al |
Research Square prepub |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
A nationally representative survey of 1,198 U.S. residents was used to study demographics, perceptions, and stated
beliefs of residents who indicated they believes that masks have a role in society in response to COVID-19 and whether they self-reported wearing masks in the seven public locations studied. Of those who believed masks had a role, a lower percentage of respondents
voluntarily wore a mask in their workplace (42%) or gym (49%) when compared to other locations studied. A higher percentage of women who believed masks have a role in society voluntarily wore a mask at a big box or specialty grocery store, home improvement
store, school, clothing retailer or other retailer when compared to the percentage of men. Individuals who believed that wearing masks protected others were more likely to report voluntarily wearing them, showing evidence of altruism. Social pressure was found
to negatively impact the probability of voluntary mask wearing amongst those who believed masks have a role. This suggests that social shaming won’t increase compliance among these individuals and that bandwagoning was not evident in encouraging mask wearing
behavior, for at least some segments of the population. |
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Transmission dynamics reveal the impracticality of COVID-19 herd immunity strategies |
Brett, TS, Rohani, et al |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Transmission Public health interventions*|
Interventions de santé publique |
Using an age-structured transmission model, parameterized to simulate SARS-CoV-2 transmission in the United Kingdom,
we assessed the long-term prospects of success using mitigation and suppression approaches. We simulated a range of different nonpharmaceutical intervention scenarios incorporating social distancing applied to differing age groups. Our modeling confirmed that
suppression of SARS-CoV-2 transmission is possible with plausible levels of social distancing over a period of months, consistent with observed trends. Notably, our modeling did not support achieving herd immunity as a practical objective, requiring an unlikely
balancing of multiple poorly defined forces. Specifically, we found that 1) social distancing must initially reduce the transmission rate to within a narrow range, 2) to compensate for susceptible depletion, the extent of social distancing must be adaptive
over time in a precise yet unfeasible way, and 3) social distancing must be maintained for an extended period to ensure the healthcare system is not overwhelmed. |
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Experiences of breastfeeding during COVID-19: Lessons for future practical and emotional
support |
Brown, A, Shenker, et al |
Matern Child Nutr |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
We conducted an online survey with 1219 breastfeeding mothers in the United Kingdom with a baby 0-12 months old to
understand the impact of the pandemic upon breastfeeding duration, experiences and support. The results highlighted two very different experiences: 41.8% of mothers felt that breastfeeding was protected due to lockdown, but 27.0% of mothers struggled to get
support and had numerous barriers stemming from lockdown with some stopped breastfeeding before they were ready. Mothers with a lower education, with more challenging living circumstances and from Black and minority ethnic backgrounds were more likely to find
the impact of lockdown challenging and stop breastfeeding. |
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Bursi, F, Santangelo, et al |
Echocardiography |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
PURPOSE: To assess the prognostic utility of quantitative 2D-echocardiography, including strain, in patients with COVID-19
disease. METHODS: COVID-19-infected patients admitted to the San Paolo University Hospital of Milan that underwent a clinically indicated echocardiographic examination were included in the study. To limit contamination, all measurements were performed offline.
RESULTS: Among the 49 patients, nonsurvivors (33%) had worse respiratory parameters, index of multiorgan failure, and worse markers of lung involvement. Right ventricular (RV) dysfunction (as assessed by conventional and 2-dimensional speckle tracking) was
a common finding and a powerful independent predictor of mortality. CONCLUSIONS: In patients hospitalized with COVID-19, offline quantitative 2D-echocardiographic assessment of cardiac function is feasible. |
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A persistently replicating SARS-CoV-2 variant derived from an asymptomatic individual |
Caccuri, F, Zani, et al |
J Transl Med |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
To better understand the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 pathogenicity and its adaptation to the host, it is therefore crucial
to investigate the genetic and phenotypic characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 strains circulating lately in the epidemic. METHODS: Nasopharyngeal swabs have been analyzed for viral load in the early (March 2020) and late (May 2020) phases of epidemic in Brescia,
Italy. Isolation of SARS-CoV-2 from 2 high viral load specimens identified on March 9 (AP66) and on May 8 (GZ69) was performed on Vero E6 cells. Amount of virus released was assessed by quantitative PCR. Genotypic characterization of AP66 and GZ69 was performed
by next generation sequencing followed by an in-depth in silico analysis of nucleotide mutations. RESULTS: The SARS-CoV-2 GZ69 strain, isolated in May from an asymptomatic healthcare worker, showed an unprecedented capability of replication in Vero E6 cells
in the absence of any evident cytopathic effect. Vero E6 subculturing, up to passage 4, showed that SARS-CoV-2 GZ69 infection was as productive as the one sustained by the cytopathic strain AP66. Whole genome sequencing of the persistently replicating SARS-CoV-2
GZ69 has shown that this strain differs from the early AP66 variant in 9 nucleotide positions |
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Early public research funding response to COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil |
Campo, KN, Rodrigues, et al |
Rev Soc Bras Med Trop |
Public Health Priorities| Priorités de santé publique Economics | Économie |
This study investigated the role of early public research funding regarding the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. METHODS:
We examined the budget for research projects relating to the number of cases and deaths and the relationship between each federal unit, gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, and the national GDP per capita. RESULTS: Using data from the websites of official
funding agencies and the Brazilian government, we found that, in the first four months since the first case in Wuhan, China (December 31, 2019), around US$ 38.3 million were directed to public funding for scientific investigations against the COVID-19 pandemic.
However, only 11 out of 27 federal units provided funding during the initial stages of the outbreak, and those that did provide financing were not necessarily the units having the most inhabitants, highest GDP, or the greatest number of cases. The areas of
research interest were also identified in the funding documents; the most common topic was "diagnosis" and the least common was "equipment for treatment." |
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Carnevali, A, Giannaccare, et al |
Eur J Ophthalmol |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
We report our experience during COVID-19 outbreak for intravitreal injections in patients with maculopathy. We proposed
a treatment priority levels and timings; the "High" priority level includes all monocular patients; the "Moderate" is assigned to all patients with an active macular neovascularization; the patients affected by diabetic macular edema or retinal vein occlusion
belong to the "Low" class. This organization allowed us to treat the most urgent patients although the injections performed had a 91.7% drop compared to the same period of 2019. |
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Cazares, LH, Chaerkady, et al |
Anal Chem |
Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes |
Herein we report a targeted mass spectrometry assay for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and nucleoprotein
in a relevant biological matrix. Recombinant full-length spike protein and nucleoprotein were digested and prototypic peptides were selected for parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) quantitation using a high resolution Orbitrap instrument. From the original
spectral library, we selected 2 best performing peptides for the final PRM assay. The assay was evaluated using mock test samples containing inactivated SARS-CoV-2 virions, added to in-vitro derived mucus. The PRM assay provided a limit of detection (LOD)
of ~200 attomoles and a limit of quantitation (LOQ) of ~ 390 attomoles. Potentially mass spectrometry-based methods for viral antigen detection may deliver higher throughput and could serve as a complementary diagnostic tool to RT-PCR. |
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Cester, G, Giraudo, et al |
J Clin Med |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
We evaluated the performance of our approach from February 21 through April 12 in terms of workload (e.g., number of
CT examinations) and safety (COVID-19-positive healthcare workers). There was an average of 72.2 and 17.8 COVID-19 patients per day in wards and the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), respectively. A total of 176 high-risk and positive patients were examined. High
Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT) was one of the most common exams, and 24 pulmonary embolism scans were performed. No in-hospital transmission occurred in the DDI neither among patients nor among health personnel. The weekly number of in-patient CT examinations
decreased by 27.4%, and the surgical procedures decreased by 29.5%. Patient screening and dedicated diagnostic pathways allowed the maintenance of high standards of care while working in safety. |
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Construction of the Infection Curve of Local Cases of COVID-19 in Hong Kong using Back-Projection |
Chau, PH, Li, et al |
Int J Environ Res Public Health |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique |
This study aimed to estimate the infection curve of local cases of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Hong Kong
and identify major events and preventive measures associated with the trajectory of the infection curve in the first two waves. The daily number of onset local cases was used to estimate the daily number of infections based on back-projection. The estimated
infection curve was examined to identify the preventive measures or major events associated with its trajectory. Until 30 April 2020, there were 422 confirmed local cases. The infection curve of the local cases in Hong Kong was constructed and used for evaluating
the impacts of various policies and events in a narrative manner. Social gatherings and some pre-implementation announcements on inbound traveler policies coincided with peaks on the infection curve. |
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Cheng, Y, Luo, et al |
Clin J Am Soc Nephrol |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We aimed to evaluate the incidence, risk factors, and prognosis of AKI in adult patients with COVID-19. DESIGN, SETTING,
PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS: This was a retrospective cohort study of 1392 patients with COVID-19 admitted to a tertiary teaching hospital. Clinical characteristics and laboratory data were extracted from electronic hospitalization and laboratory databases.
AKI was defined and staged according to the 2012 Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes criteria. Risk factors for AKI and the association of AKI with in-hospital mortality were assessed. RESULTS: Factors associated with a higher risk of AKI include severe
disease, higher baseline serum creatinine, lymphopenia, and elevated D-dimer level. The in-hospital mortality in patients with AKI stage 1, stage 2, and stage 3 was 62%, 77%, and 80%, respectively. AKI was associated with in-hospital mortality even after adjustment
for confounders. CONCLUSIONS: AKI is uncommon but carries high in-hospital mortality in patients with COVID-19. |
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Chiricozzi, A, Garcovich, et al |
Int J Dermatol |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Case report of a 28 year old female who developed SARS‐Cov‐2 infection during hydroxychloroquine therapy |
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Ciurea, A, Papagiannoulis, et al |
Ann Rheum Dis |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
This study aimed to investigate whether the transient reduction in rheumatology services imposed by virus containment
measures during the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with disease worsening in axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA), rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or psoriatic arthritis (PsA). The number of consultations dropped by 52%, whereas the number of remote assessments increased
by 129%. The proportion of patients with drug non-compliance slightly increased during the pandemic, the difference reaching statistical significance in axSpA (19.9% vs 13.2% before the pandemic, p=0.003). The proportion of patients with disease flares remained
stable (<15%). There was no increase in mean values of the Bath Ankylosing Disease Activity Index, the Rheumatoid Arthritis Disease Activity Index-5 and the Patient Global Assessment in patients with axSpA, RA and PsA, respectively. |
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Collins, JT, Short, et al |
Geriatrics (Basel) |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Our aims were to assess the prevalence of frailty in older patients hospitalised with COVID-19, their sex and age distribution,
and the completion rate of the CFS tool in evaluating frailty. A total of 1277 older patients with COVID-19, aged ≥ 65 (79.9 ± 8.1) years were included in the study, with 98.5% having fully completed CFS. The total prevalence of frailty (CFS ≥ 5) was 66.9%,
being higher in women than men (75.2% vs. 59.4%, p < 0.001). Frailty was found in 161 (44%) patients aged 65-74 years, 352 (69%) in 75-84 years, and 341 (85%) in ≥85 years groups, and increased across the age groups (<0.0001, test for trend). |
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Crasta, D, Daks, et al |
J Contextual Behav Sci |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
The current study examines psychological flexibility as a potential moderator of the prevailing interpersonal model
of suicide risk. A sample of 1003 parents (73% female, 82% Caucasian 86% in romantic relationships) were recruited as part of a larger study on the COVID-19 pandemic and family functioning from Mach 27th to the end of April 2020, the height of the United States'
"first wave." Moderated-mediation path models highlighted a significant indirect association between COVID-19 stressors and desire for death mediated by perceived burdensomeness to others. This indirect pathway was moderated by psychological inflexibility
such that links were strongest at high levels of inflexibility and weak or non-significant at low levels of inflexibility. Results were generally consistent across five of the six facets of inflexibility. |
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Davis, MD, Clemente, et al |
Respir Care |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique RCT |
Here, we grew primary normal human airway epithelial (NHAE) cells from healthy subjects, infected them with SARS-CoV-2
(isolate USA-WA1/2020), and used clinical Optate at concentrations used in humans in vivo to determine whether it would prevent viral infection and replication. Optate almost completely prevented viral replication at each time point between 24 and 120 hours,
relative to placebo, both by plaque assay and by N protein expression (p < 0.001). Mechanistically, Optate inhibited expression of major endosomal trafficking genes and raised NHAE intracellular pH. Optate had no effect on NHAE cell viability at any time point.
Inhaled Optate was well tolerated in 10 normal subjects, with no change in lung function, vital signs or oxygenation. |
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de Alencar, JCG, Moreira, et al |
Clin Infect Dis |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique RCT |
This study aimed to determine whether N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in high doses can avoid respiratory failure in patients
with Covid-19. It was a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, unicentric trial, conducted at the Emergency Department of Hospital das Clínicas, São Paulo, Brazil. Baseline characteristics were very similar in the two groups, with no significant difference
in age, sex, comorbidities, medicines taken, and disease severity. Also, groups were similar in laboratory tests and chest CT scan findings. Sixteen patients (23.9%) in the Placebo group were submitted to endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation,
compared to 14 patients (20.6%) in the NAC group (p=0.675). No difference was observed in secondary endpoints. Overall, administration of NAC in high doses did not affect the evolution of severe Covid-19. |
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Fahr's syndrome presenting with seizures in SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pneumonia-a case
report |
Demir, G, Balaban, et al |
Neurol Sci |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We report an unusual case of Fahr's syndrome which was asymptomatic and incidentally diagnosed by generalized tonic-clonic
seizure in a patient with SARS-CoV-2 (COVİD-19) pneumonia. The patient was a 68-year-old female and admitted to our emergency department suffering from cough and fatigue. After thorax computed tomography (CT) and SARS-CoV-2 PCR test, she was diagnosed as COVID-19
pneumonia. In the intensive care unit, the patient had a tonic-clonic convulsion starting from the left arm and spreading to the whole body. Fahr's syndrome was diagnosed after a cranial CT scan and blood metabolic panel test. |
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Unveiling COVID-19-associated organ-specific cell types and cell-specific pathway cascade |
Dey, A, Sen, et al |
Brief Bioinform |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
In this paper, we have studied the single-cell RNAseq data for lung, ileum, kidney, bladder and liver. The organ-specific
cell types and respected markers are extracted depending on both the ACE2 and TMPRSS2 expressions in PAT2 cells. For each of the defined cell types, significant proteomic markers are shortlisted based on the communities of protein–protein interaction network
(PPIN) of cell-specific significant transcripts. |
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Di Tano, G, Verde, et al |
G Ital Cardiol (Rome) |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
The aim of this study was to assess the impact of this measure on the management of the heart failure outpatient clinic
at our institution. We analyzed the clinical outcome of 110 chronic heart failure patients (mean age 73 ± 9 years) whose follow-up visit had been delayed. Cancellation of scheduled follow-up visits during 3 months did not have significant negative effects
in a cohort of stable patients with chronic heart failure on optimized medical therapy. Telephone support was effective in keeping connections with the patients during the lockdown, allowing appropriate management and implementation of drug therapy. In particular,
patients who received S/V were not affected by delays in scheduled visits, confirming the tolerability and safety of this novel therapy in terms of both clinical and biohumoral parameters. |
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CT imaging of pulmonary embolism in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia: a retrospective
analysis |
Espallargas, I, Rodríguez Sevilla, et al |
Eur Radiol |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
This study aimed to describe imaging and laboratory findings of confirmed pulmonary embolism (PE) diagnosed in COVID-19
patients and to evaluate the characteristics of COVID-19 patients with clinical PE suspicion. Forty-seven PE suspicions with confirmed COVID-19 underwent CTPA. Sixteen patients were diagnosed with PE with a predominant segmental distribution. Statistically
significant differences were found in the highest D-dimer determination in patients with PE and ICU admission regarding elevated IL-6 values. PE in COVID-19 patients in our series might predominantly affect segmental arteries and the right lung. Results suggest
that the higher the D-dimer concentration, the greater the likelihood of PE. Both assumptions should be assessed in future studies with a larger sample size. |
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Targeting polyamines inhibits coronavirus infection by reducing cellular attachment |
Firpo, MR, Mastrodomenico, et al |
ACS Infect Dis |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
Here, we show that polyamines, small metabolites synthesized in human cells, facilitate coronavirus replication, and
depletion of polyamines with FDA-approved molecules significantly reduces coronavirus replication. We find that polyamines facilitate viral attachment to susceptible cells and that diverse coronaviruses, including endemic and epidemic coronaviruses, exhibit
reduced attachment to polyamine-depleted cells. We further demonstrate that several molecules targeting the polyamine biosynthetic pathway are antiviral. In sum, our data suggest that polyamines are critical to coronavirus entry and represent a highly promising
drug target in the current and any future coronavirus outbreaks. |
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Florêncio, FKZ, Tenório, et al |
Rev Soc Bras Med Trop |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
This article presents a series of 14 cases with a laboratory-confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19. All patients underwent
the ASA therapy. The process of endothelial dysfunction in COVID-19 involves disseminated thrombosis, initially microvascular and later expansion into larger vessels. ASA could act as a secondary prophylaxis and prevent thrombosis from developing and reaching
stage III of the disease. |
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Gillespie, D, Knapper, et al |
Sex Transm Infect |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
The aim of this study was to describe the early impact of COVID-19 and associated control measures on the sexual behaviour
of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) users in Wales. The introduction of social distancing measures and changes to PrEP services across Wales was associated with a marked reduction in reported instances of condomless sexual intercourse among respondents, with
a larger reduction in those who were single compared with those who were not. |
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Goldman, A, Bomze, et al |
Br J Clin Pharmacol |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
Authors analyzed real-world data using the U.S. Food and Drug Administration Adverse Events Reporting System (FAERS)
database to assess HCQ/CQ-associated cardiovascular adverse events (CVAEs) in pre-COVID-19 reports. In a real-world setting, HCQ/CQ treatment is associated with higher reporting rates of various CVAEs, particularly cardiomyopathy, QT prolongation, cardiac
arrhythmias and heart failure. |
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One-Step Quantitative RT-PCR Assay with Armored RNA Controls for Detection of SARS-CoV-2 |
Goncharova, EA, Dedkov, et al |
J Med Virol |
Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes |
The aim of the study was a development and evaluation of a one-step RT-qPCR assay (COVID-19 Amp) for SARS-CoV-2 detection
with an armored positive control and internal controls constructed from synthetic MS2-phage-based RNA particles. The developed COVID-19 Amp assay has high sensitivity and specificity, includes virus particles-based controls, provides the direct definition
of SARS-CoV-2 RdRp gene partial sequence, and is suitable for any hospital and laboratory equipped for RT-qPCR. |
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Gong, YB, Yang, et al |
World J Acupunct Moxibustion |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
The paper reports the experiences in treatment of two cases of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with the combination
of acupuncture and medication in bedridden patients confirmed in C7 Inpatient Ward, Wuhan Leishenshan Hospital, China. The combined treatment of acupuncture with the oral administration of "Shanghai leishen No.1 formula" was given every day. The prescription
was modified weekly according the symptoms of the patients. Besides, the antivirus, anti-infectious and symptomatic treatment of western medicine was combined. Both of the two cases were improved and discharged. It is anticipated that the treatment experiences
in these two cases may provide the instruction and enlightenment for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19. |
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Psychological and behavioural responses to COVID-19: a China-Britain
comparison |
Goodwin, R, Hou, et al |
J Epidemiol Community Health |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
This work discusses cross-national work on the correlates of mental health or its association with pandemic behaviours,
specifically China and the UK. Across the countries, quarantine was associated with poorer mental health, while greater psychological distress was associated with greater self-medication rate. |
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Guimarães, RM, Magalhães, et al |
Rev Soc Bras Med Trop |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique |
INTRODUCTION: Monitoring coronavirus disease (COVID-19)-related infections and deaths in Brazil is controversial, with
increasing pressure to ease social distance measures. However, no evidence of a sustained, widespread fall in cases exists. METHODS: We used segmented (joinpoint) regression analysis to describe the behavior of COVID-19 infections in Brazilian capital cities.
RESULTS: All capitals showed an exponential or a near-exponential increase in cases through May. A decline in reported cases was subsequently noted in 20 cities but was only significant for 8 (29.6%) and was followed in two by a renewed increase. CONCLUSIONS:
Caution is warranted when considering the relaxation of restrictions. |
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The diagnostic process of covıd-19 in the emergency department: laboratory and
ımaging methods |
Guneysu, F, Yurumez, et al |
Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
Authors investigated the role of inflammatory markers studied in patients suspected of COVID-19 at an emergency department
in predicting PCR and CT results. Considering all patients, no specific findings were found in the hematological and biochemical values of patients in the laboratory analyses. |
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Asymptomatic reinfection in two healthcare workers from India with genetically distinct
SARS-CoV-2 |
Gupta, V, Bhoyar, et al |
Clin Infect Dis |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
In this letter to the editor, authors describe two individuals, 25 year-old male and 28 year-old female healthcare
workers posted in the COVID-19 unit of a tertiary hospital in North India, who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Taken together the analysis suggests that asymptomatic reinfection may be a potentially
underreported entity. |
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Hahn, RA |
Int J Health Serv |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique |
The goal of this analysis is to estimate the proportion of COVID-19 deaths attributable to President Donald Trump's
early pronouncements about voluntary mask use and his intention not to use masks. Data from available research were used to estimate parameters for the calculation of population attributable risk for COVID-19 deaths reported to date. Assuming Trump's pronouncement
to have caused 25%, 50%, and 75% of the non-use of masks, estimates of Trump-attributable COVID-19 deaths to date would be, respectively, 4,244, 8,356, or 12,202. The effects of presidential pronouncements on health-related matters may have large public health
consequences. Pronouncements of national leaders should be based on the best available science. |
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Integration of Deep and Ensemble Learning for Detecting COVID-19 in Computed
Tomography Images |
Haidar, Ali, Holloway, et al |
Research Square prepub |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection
d'agents pathogènes |
This paper presents an approach for detecting covid-19 in Computed Tomography (CT) images by integrating deep convolutional
neural networks and ensembles of decision trees. . The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, f1-score, precision, and area under the ROC curve (AUC) were calculated to compare the models against each other. The proposed approach revealed the highest performance
with a random forest (RF) that reported 0.87 accuracy, 0.87 f1-score, and 0.90 AUC. |
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Hallal, PedroC, Hartwig, et al |
The Lancet Global Health |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Immunology | Immunologie |
We aimed to investigate severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibody prevalence by city and
according to sex, age, ethnicity group, and socioeconomic status, and compare seroprevalence estimates with official statistics on deaths and cases. We included 25 025 participants in the first survey (May 14–21) and 31 165 in the second (June 4–7). For the
83 (62%) cities with sample sizes of more than 200 participants in both surveys, the pooled seroprevalence increased from 1·9% (95% CI 1·7–2·1) to 3·1% (2·8–3·4). City-level prevalence ranged from 0% to 25·4% in both surveys. In the second survey, prevalence
was similar in men and women, but an increased prevalence was observed in participants aged 20–59 years and those living in crowded conditions (4·4% [3·5–5·6] for those living with households with six or more people). Prevalence among Indigenous people was
6·4% (4·1–9·4) compared with 1·4% (1·2–1·7) among White people. Prevalence in the poorest socioeconomic quintile was 3·7% (3·2–4·3) compared with 1·7% (1·4–2·2) in the wealthiest quintile. |
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Respiratory disease in cats associated with human-to-cat
transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in the UK |
Hosie, MargaretJ, Epifano, et al |
bioRxiv |
Transmission Clinical data| Données cliniques Coronavirology| Coronavirologie zoonoses |
Two cats from different COVID-19-infected households in the UK were found to be infected with SARS-CoV-2 from humans,
demonstrated by immunofluorescence, in situ hybridisation, reverse transcriptase quantitative PCR and viral genome sequencing. Lung tissue collected post-mortem from cat 1 displayed pathological and histological findings consistent with viral pneumonia and
tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 antigens and RNA. SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in an oropharyngeal swab collected from cat 2 that presented with rhinitis and conjunctivitis. |
|
Hsieh, Kanglin, Wang, et al |
arXiv |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
We first collected all the available drugs (n= 3,635) involved in COVID-19 patient treatment through CTDbase. We built
a SARS-CoV-2 knowledge graph based on the interactions among virus baits, host genes, pathways, drugs, and phenotypes. A deep graph neural network approach was used to derive the candidate representation based on the biological interactions. We prioritized
the candidate drugs using clinical trial history, and then validated them with their genetic profiles, in vitro experimental efficacy, and electronic health records. We highlight the top 22 drugs including Azithromycin, Atorvastatin, Aspirin, Acetaminophen,
and Albuterol. We further pinpointed drug combinations that may synergistically target COVID-19. |
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Huang, XB, Xie, et al |
World J Acupunct Moxibustion |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
This study aimed to observe the clinical therapeutic effect of adjuvant treatment with heat-sensitive moxibustion for
COVID-19 of the ordinary type. The number of cases and the incidence was 21 cases (50.0%), 24 cases (57.1%) and 26 cases (61.9%) for chest oppression, poor appetite and lassitude before heat-sensitive moxibustion. The number of cases was reduced to be 10 cases
(23.8%), 7 cases (16.7%) and 4 cases (9.5%) after the 1st treatment of heat-sensitive moxibustion for chest oppression, poor appetite, and lassitude. It was reduced to be 11 cases (26.2%), 8 cases (19.0%) and 4 cases (9.5%) after the 2nd treatment of moxibustion
and it was reduced to be 18 cases (42.9%), 10 cases (23.8%) and 6 cases (14.3%) after the 3rd treatment of moxibustion. The incidences of the symptoms were all reduced obviously as compared with those before treatment. Before treatment with heat-sensitive
moxibustion, there were 24 cases of negative emotions (57.1%). It was reduced to be 16 cases (38.1%), 11 cases (26.2%) and 3 cases (7.1%) after the 1st, 2nd and 3rd treatment of heat-sensitive moxibustion successively. The incidences were all reduced obviously
as compared with those before treatment. After the 1st treatment, the active acceptance rate of heat-sensitive moxibustion was 100% (42/42) in the patients, higher than 11.9% (5/42) before treatment. |
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PMC7480768; Cold agglutinin syndrome as a complication
of Covid-19 in two cases |
Jensen, CE, Wilson, et al |
Clin Infect Pract |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Here, we present two cases of cold agglutinins identified in the context of Covid-19 in critically ill patients treated
at our institution. Each case was characterized by little in-vivo hemolysis, but these antibodies complicated laboratory assessment and renal replacement therapy. Management included anticoagulation and warming of dialysis circuit. |
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Equal Access to Telemedicine during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Pediatric
Otolaryngology Perspective |
Jiang, W, Magit, et al |
Laryngoscope |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
A total of 1495 visits were conducted through telemedicine from 3/23/2020 to 5/1/2020, and 1983 in‐person visits were
completed in 2019. There was no difference in patient age and gender. The proportions of Spanish speaking families were similar (15.8% in 2019 vs. 14.4% in 2020, p=0.96). The percentage of Medi‐Cal insured patients (51.4% in 2019 vs.49.8% in 2020, p=0.73)
and the mean poverty level (12.6% in 2019 vs. 12.2% in 2020, p=0.38) also remained the same. Spanish speaking families were statistically more likely to require rescheduling of their telemedicine visits (17.2%) when compared to the overall rescheduling rate
of 11.9% (p=0.0083). |
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The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on sleep medicine practices |
Johnson, KG, Sullivan, et al |
J Clin Sleep Med |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
Our aim was to assess measures taken by sleep centers due to the COVID-19 pandemic and plans surrounding reinstatement
of sleep services. We obtained 379 individual responses, which represented 297 unique centers. A total of 93.6% of unique centers reported stopping all or nearly all sleep testing of at least one type, without significant differences between adult and pediatric
labs, geographic region, or surrounding population density. By contrast, a greater proportion of respondents continued home sleep apnea testing (HSAT) services. A total of 60.3% reduced HSAT volume by at least 90%, compared to 90.4% that reduced in-laboratory
testing by at least 90%. Respondents acknowledged that they implemented a wide variety of mitigation strategies. While no respondents reported virtual visits to be ≥25% of clinical visits prior to the pandemic, more than half (51.9%) anticipate maintaining
≥25% virtual visits after the pandemic. |
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Investigation of the frequency of COVID-19 in patients treated with intravesical
BCG |
Karabay, O, Köse, et al |
Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique |
In this retrospective study, we aimed to investigate the frequency of COVID-19 in patients with and without BCG application
due to bladder tumors. A total of 334 patients were included in the study. COVID-19 was detected in 5 patients in the BCG group and in 4 patients in the control group (P> 0.05). Intravesical BCG administration does not decrease the frequency of COVID-19 infection. |
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Acrofacial purpura and necrotic ulcerations in COVID-19: a case series from New York City |
Karagounis, TK, Shaw, et al |
Int J Dermatol |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
To better characterize purpura and necrotic ulcerations in hospitalized COVID‐19 patients and examine incidence of
systemic coagulopathy in this population, we performed a retrospective review of patients seen within a tertiary care center during peak incidence of COVID‐19 in New York City. We identified 21 PCR‐positive COVID‐19 patients with purpuric and/or necrotic ulcerations
on the ears, face, distal extremities, and/or genitalia. We posit that a microthrombotic syndrome associated with COVID‐19 may result in acrofacial cutaneous purpura/necrosis and that pressure‐associated tissue hypoxemia is an inciting factor in areas not
typically prone to pressure‐induced injury. |
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Late onset pulmonary embolism in young male otherwise healthy COVID-19 patients |
Karolyi, M, Pawelka, et al |
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Our case series consists of four male otherwise healthy patients between 32 and 50 years of age. Initial symptoms completely
resolved but they developed new onset of dyspnea and thoracic pain at days 14 to 26. Our case series consists of four male otherwise healthy patients between 32 and 50 years of age. Initial symptoms completely resolved but they developed new onset of dyspnea
and thoracic pain at days 14 to 26. |
|
Khalid, Z, Naveed, et al |
J Biomol Struct Dyn |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
Our experimental design is based on bioinformatics approach that combines sequence, structure and consensus based tools
to label a protein coding single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) as damaging/deleterious or neutral. The interaction of wildtype ACE2-spike glycoprotein and their variants were analyzed using docking studies. This study conducted an in-depth analysis that facilitates
in identifying the mutations that blocks the interaction of two proteins that can result in stopping the virus from entering the host cell. |
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Klain, M, Nappi, et al |
Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
We this study conducted an in-depth analysis that facilitates in identifying the mutations that blocks the interaction
of two proteins that can result in stopping the virus from entering the host cell. Our findings demonstrate the utility of telemedicine tools to avoid the potential negative impact of interruption or postponement of diagnostic and/or therapeutic procedures. |
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Kocayigit, I, Kocayigit, et al |
Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We aimed to evaluate the impact of antihypertensive agents on the clinical outcomes of hypertensive patients with COVID-19.
Our study included 169 consecutive hypertensive patients hospitalized due to COVID-19 between March 20 and April 10, 2020. The type of antihypertensive agent being used had no effect on the clinical course and mortality in hypertensive patients with COVID-19.
The use of these agents should be maintained for the treatment of hypertension during hospitalization. |
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Konno, Y, Kimura, et al |
Cell Rep |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
Here, we show that SARS-CoV-2 ORF3b is a potent interferon antagonist, suppressing the induction of type I interferon
more efficiently than its SARS-CoV ortholog. Phylogenetic analyses and functional assays reveal that SARS-CoV-2-related viruses from bats and pangolins also encode truncated ORF3b gene products with strong anti-interferon activity. Our findings not only help
to explain the poor interferon response in COVID-19 patients but also describe the emergence of natural SARS-CoV-2 quasispecies with an extended ORF3b gene that may potentially affect COVID-19 pathogenesis. |
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Kotwal, AA, Holt-Lunstad, et al |
J Am Geriatr Soc |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
Our objectives were to investigate 1) experiences of social isolation and loneliness during shelter‐in‐place orders
and 2) unmet health needs related to changes in social interactions. Participants were on average 75 years old (SD = 10), 50% had hearing or vision impairment, 64% lived alone, and 26% difficulty bathing. Participants reported social isolation in 40% of interviews,
76% reported minimal video‐based socializing, and 42% minimal internet‐based socializing. Additional steps are critically needed to address the psychological suffering and unmet medical needs of those with persistent loneliness or barriers to technology‐based
social interaction. |
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COVID-19 among people experiencing homelessness in England: a modelling study |
Lewer, Dan, Braithwaite, et al |
The Lancet Respiratory Medicine |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
We aimed to estimate the avoided deaths and health-care use among people experiencing homelessness during the so-called
first wave of COVID-19 in England. Our model showed outbreaks of SARS-CoV-2 in homeless settings can lead to a high attack rate among people experiencing homelessness, even if incidence remains low in the general population. Avoidance of deaths depends on
prevention of transmission within settings such as hostels and night shelters. |
|
Li, L, Sun, et al |
Med Sci Monit |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
The present study aimed to investigate the predictors of disease severity and thus determine the trends for disease
progression early. A total of 158 cases were included according to COVID-19 diagnosis, and severe cases accounted for 18.99% of the diagnosed cases. Older age, a long time interval from onset to diagnosis, imported cases from an affected area, dyspnea, muscle
or joint pain, chest pain during the course of the disease, reduced lymphocytes, elevated C-reactive protein, computed tomography scan showing damage to both lungs within 3 days of admission, and diabetes mellitus are predictors for severe COVID-19. |
|
|
Li, Q, Wei, et al |
Int J Environ Res Public Health |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
This study uses social networks to track the evolution of public emotion during COVID-19 in China and analyzes the
root causes of these public emotions from an event-driven perspective. A dataset was constructed using microblogs (n = 125,672) labeled with COVID-19-related super topics (n = 680) from 40,891 users from 1 December 2019 to 17 February 2020. These findings
suggest that the public’s feedback on COVID-19 predated official accounts on the microblog platform. There were clear differences in the trending events that large users (users with many fans and readings) and common users paid attention to during each phase
of COVID-19. |
|
|
Li, Y, He, et al |
Arch Pathol Lab Med |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection
d'agents pathogènes Immunology | Immunologie |
The objective of this study was to explore the roles of immunoglobulin M (IgM) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies
detection, nucleic acid tests and computed tomography (CT) scanning to identify asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection. The present study showed that only 89 of the 389 individuals with close contacts were positive after the first nucleic acid test, while 300 individuals
were still negative after two nucleic acid tests. A total of 143 individuals were eventually diagnosed as having asymptomatic infection through IgM antibody and IgG antibody detection. The sensitivity, specificity and false-negative rate of IgM and IgG antibody
detection were approximately 97.1%, 95.3% and 4.67%, respectively. |
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Marinaccio, A, Boccuni, et al |
Occup Environ Med |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
This study aims to describe insurance claims for compensation data for COVID-19 in Italy and the distribution of the
economic sectors involved and compare the occupational data with the ‘a priori’ classification of occupational risk of infection by economic sector defined during the lockdown period. According to compensation claims applications, COVID-19 infection in Italy
has been acquired at the workplace in a substantial portion of the total cases (19.4%). The economic sectors mostly involved were human health and social work activities, but occupational compensation claims also include cases in meat and poultry processing
plants workers, store clerks, postal workers, pharmacists and cleaning workers. |
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Meini, S, Fortini, et al |
Nicotine Tob Res |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
The objective of this study was to analyze if and how smoking affects the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The percentages
of current smokers (4.1% vs 16%) and never smokers (71.6% vs 56.8%) were significantly different between COVID-19 and non-COVID 19 patients. In the logistic regression analysis, current smokers were significantly less likely to be hospitalized for COVID-19
compared with non-smokers, even after adjusting for age and gender |
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Risk factors for intracerebral hemorrhage in patients with COVID-19 |
Melmed, KR, Cao, et al |
J Thromb Thrombolysis |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
In this retrospective cohort study we aimed to assess risk factors associated with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in
COVID-19 patients. ICH occurred in 33 (7.9%) patients. Older age, non-Caucasian race, respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation, and therapeutic anticoagulation were associated with ICH on univariate analysis. In adjusted regression models, anticoagulation
use was associated with a five-fold increased risk of ICH. ICH was associated with increased mortality |
|
Miao, Z, Tidu, et al |
RNA Biol |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
Here, we performed inline probing and RNase V1 probing to establish a model of the secondary structure of SARS-CoV-2
5'-UTR. We found that the 5'-UTR contains stable structures including a very stable four-way junction close to the AUG start codon. Sequence alignment analysis of SARS-CoV-2 variants 5'-UTRs revealed a highly conserved structure with few co-variations that
confirmed our secondary structure model based on probing experiments. |
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Mitaka, H, Perlman, et al |
Mycoses |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We aimed to describe the clinical features of COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis at a single center in New
York City. A total of seven patients with COVID-19 who had one or more positive respiratory cultures for Aspergillus fumigatus were identified, all of whom were mechanically ventilated in the ICU. Four patients were classified as putative IPA. All four patients
died. |
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Mlcochova, P, Collier, et al |
Cell Rep Med |
Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes |
We assess the diagnostic accuracy of combined rapid antibody point of care and nucleic acid assays (NAAT) for suspected
COVID-19 disease due to either wild-type or the D614G spike mutant SARS-CoV-2. The overall detection rate for COVID-19 is 79.2% by rapid NAAT alone. The combined point of care antibody test and rapid NAAT is not affected by D614G and results in very high sensitivity
for COVID-19 diagnosis with very high specificity. |
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Elevated FiO(2) increases SARS-CoV-2 co-receptor expression in respiratory tract
epithelium |
Myti, D, Gunjak, et al |
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Animal model | Modèle animal |
To date, no study has examined whether an increased fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO(2)) may affect the expression
of SARS-CoV-2 entry receptors and co-receptors. To address this, steady-state mRNA levels for genes encoding these SARS-CoV-2 receptors were assessed in the lungs of mouse pups chronically exposed to elevated FiO(2), and in the lungs of preterm-born human
infants chronically managed with an elevated FiO(2). While gene expression of ACE2 was unaffected, gene and protein expression of TMPRSS11D was consistently upregulated by exposure to an elevated FiO(2). |
|
Attention with Multiple Sources Knowledges for COVID-19 from CT Images |
Nguyen, DuyMH, Nguyen, et al |
arXiv |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection
d'agents pathogènes |
Recently, there have been increasing efforts to utilize deep networks for COVID-19 diagnosis based on CT scans. We
propose a novel strategy to improve the performance of several baselines. Specifically, infected regions and heat maps extracted from learned networks are integrated with the global image via an attention mechanism during the learning process. This procedure
not only makes our system more robust to noise but also guides the network focusing on local lesion areas. Extensive experiments illustrate the superior performance of our approach compared to recent baselines. |
|
NunesdeLimaJr, David, Parente de Aguiar, et al |
Research Square prepub |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
When psychosocial stress overcomes people’s coping capacity, spirituality and altruism may become necessary to minimize
psychological damage. This study analyzed self-reported measures of stress, spirituality and altruism of 1105 Brazilian Medical students during the Covid-19 pandemic. We found moderate levels of perceived stress, moderate to high levels spirituality, as well
as high levels of altruistic attitudes. Reported stress was higher among participants with a previous diagnosis of mental disorder and women. Spirituality correlated positively with altruistic thoughts and emotions, but only altruism was inversely related
to stress. Future research should explore the role of spirituality and altruism in stress management. |
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Ability of fabric face mask materials to filter ultrafine particles at coughing
velocity |
O'Kelly, E, Pirog, et al |
BMJ Open |
Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI) |
OBJECTIVE: We examined the ability of fabrics which might be used to create home-made face masks to filter out ultrafine
(0.02-0.1 µm) particles at the velocity of adult human coughing. METHODS: Twenty commonly available fabrics and materials were evaluated for their ability to reduce air concentrations of ultrafine particles at coughing face velocities. Further assessment was
made on the filtration ability of selected fabrics while damp and of fabric combinations which might be used to construct home-made masks. RESULTS: Single fabric layers blocked a range of ultrafine particles. When fabrics were layered, a higher percentage
of ultrafine particles were filtered. The average filtration efficiency of single layer fabrics and of layered combination was found to be 35% and 45%, respectively. Non-woven fusible interfacing, when combined with other fabrics, could add up to 11% additional
filtration efficiency. However, fabric and fabric combinations were more difficult to breathe through than N95 masks. CONCLUSIONS: The current coronavirus pandemic has left many communities without access to N95 face masks. Our findings suggest that face masks
made from layered common fabric can help filter ultrafine particles and provide some protection for the wearer when commercial face masks are unavailable. |
|
Omotuyi, IO, Nash, et al |
Phytother Res |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
In this study, one hundred (100) A. melegueta secondary metabolites have been mined and computational evaluated for
inhibition of host furin, and SARS‐COV‐2 targets including 3C‐like proteinase (Mpro/3CLpro), 2′‐O‐ribose methyltransferase (nsp16) and surface glycoprotein/ACE2 receptor interface. Silica‐gel column partitioning of A. melegueta fruit/seed resulted in 6 fractions
tested against furin activity. Diarylheptanoid (Letestuianin A), phenylpropanoid (4‐Cinnamoyl‐3‐hydroxy‐spiro[furan‐5,2′‐(1′H)‐indene]‐1′,2,3′(2′H,5H)‐trione), flavonoids (Quercetin, Apigenin and Tectochrysin) have been identified as high‐binding compounds
to SARS‐COV‐2 targets in a polypharmacology manner. Di‐ethyl‐ether (IC50 = 0.03 mg/L), acetone (IC50 = 1.564 mg/L), ethyl‐acetate (IC50 = 0.382 mg/L) and methanol (IC50 = 0.438 mg/L) fractions demonstrated the best inhibition in kinetic assay while DEF, ASF
and MEF completely inhibited furin‐recognition sequence containing Ebola virus‐pre‐glycoprotein. In conclusion, A. melegueta and its secondary metabolites have potential for addressing the therapeutic needs of African population during the COVID‐19 pandemic. |
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Omrani, AS, Zaqout, et al |
J Med Virol |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
We retrospectively compared outcomes in a cohort of critical COVID-19 patients who received standard care (SC Group)
and those who, in addition, received convalescent plasma (CP Group). Forty patients were included in each group. The median patient age was 53.5 years interquartile range (IQR) 42-60.5], and the majority required invasive ventilation (69, 86.2%). All-cause
mortality at 28 days (12.5% versus 2.5%, P 0.22), and viral clearance (65% versus 55%, P 0.49) were not significantly different between the two groups. Convalescent plasma was not significantly associated with the primary endpoint (adjusted hazard ratio 0.87;
95% confidence interval 0.51-1.49, P 0.62). n severe COVID-19, convalescent plasma therapy was not associated with clinical benefits. Randomized trials are required to confirm our findings. |
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|
Onorati, F, Myers, et al |
J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino) |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
A 43-question survey was sent to cardiac surgery Centres worldwide.Sixty-one out of 64 Centres (95.3%) fulfilled the
survey. One third of ICUs were transformed into COVID-19 dedicated-ICUs and one-third moved to another location inside the hospital. Negative-pressure rooms were available in 60.6% Centres. Informative measures from hospital administration were received after
the first COVID-19 admitted case in 36.1% and during the spread of the infection inside the hospital in 19.6%. Inadequate supply of PPE was common, with no COVID-surveillance of the medical personnel in 4.9% of Centres. There is room for improvement in hospital
surveillance, informative measures and PPE to the personnel. |
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|
Pandey, P, Prasad, et al |
J Mol Med (Berl) |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
The antipsychotic drug, haloperidol, exerts remarkable antiviral activity, but, at the same time, the sigma-1 benzomorphan
agonist, dextromethorphan, showed pro-viral activity. To explore the potential mechanisms of biased binding and activity of the two drugs, haloperidol and dextromethorphan towards NSP6, we herein utilized molecular docking-based molecular dynamics simulation
studies. Our extensive analysis of the protein-drug interactions, structural and conformational dynamics, residual frustrations, and molecular switches of NSP6-drug complexes indicates that dextromethorphan binding leads to structural destabilization and increase
in conformational dynamics and energetic frustrations. Thus, the structural insights of stronger binding affinity and favorable molecular interactions of haloperidol towards viral NSP6 suggests that haloperidol can be potentially explored as a candidate drug
against COVID-19. |
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Parchure, P, Joshi, et al |
BMJ Support Palliat Care |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
Study aims to develop and validate a model for prediction of near-term in-hospital mortality among patients with COVID-19
by application of a machine learning (ML) algorithm on time-series inpatient data from electronic health records. A cohort comprised of 567 patients with COVID-19 at a large acute care healthcare system between 10 February 2020 and 7 April 2020 observed until
either death or discharge.In the test set, the RF classifier yielded a sensitivity of 87.8% (95% CI: 78.2% to 94.3%), specificity of 60.6% (95% CI: 55.2% to 65.8%), accuracy of 65.5% (95% CI: 60.7% to 70.0%), area under the receiver operating characteristic
curve of 85.5% (95% CI: 80.8% to 90.2%) and area under the precision recall curve of 64.4% (95% CI: 53.5% to 75.3%). Our ML-based approach can be used to analyse electronic health record data and reliably predict near-term mortality prediction. |
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Perez-Miller, Samantha, Patek, et al |
bioRxiv |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
Here, we report hits from a small molecule and natural product screen of nearly 0.5 million compounds targeting the
VEGF-A binding site on NRP-1. We identified nine chemical series with lead- or drug-like physico-chemical properties. Using an ELISA, we demonstrate that six compounds disrupt VEGF-A-NRP-1 binding more effectively than EG00229, a known NRP-1 inhibitor. Secondary
validation in cells revealed that almost all tested compounds inhibited VEGF-A triggered VEGFR2 phosphorylation. Two compounds displayed robust inhibition of a recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus protein that utilizes the SARS-CoV-2 Spike for entry and
fusion. These compounds represent a first step in a renewed effort to develop small molecule inhibitors of the VEGF-A/NRP-1 signaling for the treatment of neuropathic pain and cancer with the added potential of inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 virus entry. |
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Perl, L, Ben Avraham, et al |
ESC Heart Fail |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
The aim of the present case is to report of the first measurements of a novel wireless left atrial pressure (LAP) monitoring
system, the V‐LAP™ (Vectorious Medical Technologies, Ltd), during the COVID‐19 pandemic. The V‐LAP™ Left Atrium Monitoring systEm for Patients With Chronic sysTOlic & Diastolic Congestive heart Failure (VECTOR‐HF) is a first‐in‐man clinical study assessing
the safety and feasibility of the V‐LAP™ monitoring system. We were able to witness the LAP during the pandemic, as the patient remained undertreated, demonstrating a gradual increase from a mean pressure of 6.56 to 19.4 mmHg, as well as prominent V waves,
before the data became available to the medical team and the patient was treated accordingly. Thereafter, pressures have returned to low values. This case demonstrated the feasibility of remote monitoring of LAP using the V-LAP™ system, as well as the potential
benefit of remote care of HF patients. |
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Peters, SAE, MacMahon, et al |
Diabetes Obes Metab |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
We used data from the UK Biobank to assess the risk of COVID-19 mortality associated with various anthropometric measures
in women and men. The analyses included 502,493 individuals (54% women), of whom 410 (36% women) died of COVID-19, 549 (36% women) died of influenza/pneumonia, and 3355 (19% women) died of CHD. A higher BMI, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, and waist-to-height
ratio were each associated with a greater risk of death from COVID-19, influenza/pneumonia, and CHD in both sexes, with the exception of the association between higher BMI and the risk of influenza/pneumonia death in men. A higher BMI was associated with a
stronger risk of COVID-19 mortality in women than men; the women-to-men ratio of hazard ratios was 1.20 (95% confidence interval: 1.00; 1.43). This study demonstrates the role of obesity in COVID-19 mortality and shows that the relative effects of a higher
BMI on COVID-19 mortality may be stronger in women than men. |
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VTR: an algorithm for identifying analogous contacts on protein structures and their
complexes |
Pimentel, Vitor, Mariano, et al |
Research Square prepub |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
Here we show VTR, a new method for the detection of analogous contacts in protein pairs. VTR performs structural alignment
between proteins and detects interactions that occur in similar regions. To evaluate our tool, we proposed three case studies: (i) we compared a vertebrate myoglobin and a truncated invertebrate hemoglobin; (ii) analyzed interactions between the spike protein
RBD of SARS-CoV-2 and the cell receptor ACE2; and (iii) compared a glucose-tolerant and a non-tolerant β-glucosidase enzyme used for biofuel production. The case studies demonstrate the potential of VTR for the understanding of functional similarities between
distantly sequence-related proteins, as well as the exploration of important drug targets and rational design of enzymes for industrial applications. |
|
Ra, SH, Lim, et al |
Thorax |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
We assessed the viral loads in asymptomatic individuals with SARS-CoV-2 infection in comparison with those in symptomatic
patients with COVID-19. Study participants were recruited from a community facility designated for the isolation of patients with mild COVID-19 in South Korea. In 213 patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection, 41 (19%) had remained asymptomatic from potential exposure
to laboratory confirmation and admission; of them, 39 (95%) underwent follow-up RT-PCR testing after a median 13 days. In 172 symptomatic patients, 144 (84%) underwent follow-up RT-PCR testing. Twenty-one (54%) asymptomatic individuals and 92 (64%) symptomatic
patients tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 at follow-up. Asymptomatic individuals and symptomatic patients did not show any significant differences in the mean Ct values of the E (31.15 vs 31.43; p>0.99), RdRp (32.26 vs 32.93; p=0.92) and N (33.05 vs 33.28; p>0.99)
genes. |
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Rabiee, A, Sadowski, et al |
Hepatology |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
This was a multicenter study aimed to determine the prevalence and patterns of liver injury in liver transplant (LT)
recipients with COVID-19. A total of 112 US adults LT recipients with COVID-19 were included. The median age was 61 years (IQR 20), 54.5% (n=61) were male, and 39.3% (n=44) Hispanic. The mortality rate was 22.3% (n=25); 72.3% (n=81) were hospitalized and 26.8%
(n=30) admitted to the ICU. Analysis of peak values of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) during COVID-19 showed moderate liver injury (ALT 2-5x ULN) in 22.2% (n= 18) and severe liver injury (ALT > 5x ULN) in 12.3% (n= 10). Compared to age and gender matched non-transplant
patients with CLD and COVID-19 (n=375), the incidence of acute liver injury was lower in LT recipients (47.5% vs. 34.6%; p=0.037). Liver injury during COVID-19 was significantly associated with mortality (p= 0.007; OR 6.91 95% CI: 1.68-28.48]) and ICU admission
(p=0.007; OR 7.931.75-35.69]) in LT recipients. Liver injury is associated with higher mortality and ICU admission in LT recipients with COVID-19. |
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Rafiq, MU, Valchanov, et al |
Eur J Cardiothorac Surg |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a supportive therapy option for selected severely ill patients who deteriorate
despite the best supportive care. During the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, extra demand led to staff reorganization; hence, cardiac surgery consultants joined the ECMO retrieval team. This article describes how we increased service provisions to adapt
to the changes in activity and staffing. The data were collected from 16 March 2020 to 8 May 2020. The patients were referred through a dedicated Web-based referral portal to cope with increasing demand. The retrieval team attended the referring hospital,
reviewed the patients and made the final decision to proceed with ECMO. We reported 41 ECMO retrieval runs during this study period. Apart from staffing changes, other retrieval protocols were maintained. The preferred cannulation method for veno-venous ECMO
was drainage via the femoral vein and return to the right internal jugular vein. There were no complications reported during cannulation or transport. We have demonstrated that an ECMO retrieval service can be reorganized swiftly and successfully to cope with
the sudden increase in demand by spending cardiac surgeons services to supplement the anaesthetic-intensivist roles. |
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Molecular Features of Non-Selective Small Molecule Antagonists of the Bradykinin Receptors |
Rasaeifar, B, Gomez-Gutierrez, et al |
Pharmaceuticals (Basel) |
Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) downregulation is a key negative factor for the severity of lung edema and acute
lung failure observed in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) downregulation is a key negative factor for the severity of lung edema and acute lung failure observed in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. Increasing evidence
suggests that the inflammatory response observed in covid-19 patients is initiated by the action of kinins on the bradykinin receptors. In the present report, we investigated the molecular features characterizing non-selective antagonists targeting the bradykinin
receptors and carried out a in silico screening of approved drugs, aimed at the identification of compounds with a non-selective bradykinin antagonist profile that can be evaluated for drug repurposing. The study permitted to identify eight compounds as prospective
non-selective antagonists of the bradykinin receptors, including raloxifene; sildenafil; cefepime; cefpirome; imatinib; ponatinib; abemaciclib and entrectinib. |
|
Exposure of hospital healthcare workers
to the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) |
Razvi, S, Oliver, et al |
Clin Med (Lond) |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
This study assessed exposure to COVID-19 among the various subgroups within the healthcare workers (HCW) community
in the UK, based on their roles and ethnic background. HCWs working in patient-facing roles were twice as likely to have been exposed to COVID-19 than their colleagues in non-patient-facing roles. workers from Black, Asian and minority ethnic backgrounds had
a similar risk of previous COVID-19 exposure to their white colleagues. More research is required to assess how frontline staff, especially those working in patient facing roles, can reduce their risk of exposure to COVID-19. |
|
Sahu, B, Behera, et al |
Curr Comput Aided Drug Des |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
The study aims to understand the pathophysiology of COVID-19, so that drugs, vaccines, treatment regimens and plausible
therapeutic agents can be produced. Recent studies uncovered the fact that the viral genome of SARS-CoV-2 encodes nonstructural proteins like RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) which is an important tool for its transcription and replication process. A large
number of nucleic acid based anti-viral drugs are being repurposed for treating COVID-19 targeting RdRp. Few of them are in the advanced stage of clinical trials including Remdesivir. While performing close investigation of the large set of nucleic acid based
drugs, the synthetic nucleic acid backbone is explored very little or rare. We have designed scaffolds derived from peptide nucleic acid (PNA) and subjected them for in-silico screening systematically. These designed molecules have demonstrated excellent binding
towards RdRp. Compound 12 was found to possess similar binding affinity as Remdesivir with comparable pharmacokinetics. However, the in-silico toxicity prediction indicates compound 12 may be a superior molecule which can be explored further due to its excellent
safety-profile with LD50 (12,000mg/kg) as opposed to Remdesivir (LD50 =1000mg/kg). Compound 12 falls in the safe category of class 6. |
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|
Salehi, L, Rahimzadeh, et al |
Brain Behav |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
The study was conducted for the path analysis of the relationship among fear and anxiety caused by coronavirus, pregnancy
experience, and the mental health of pregnant women. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 222 pregnant women who were referred to Kamali Hospital in Alborz province in 2020. Eligible individuals entered the study through convenience sampling, and data
were collected using five questionnaires including the Fear of COVID-19 Scale, the Anxiety of COVID-19 Scale, the pregnancy experiences Scales, Depression Anxiety Stress scale, and demographic checklist. The obtained data were then analyzed using SPSS-16 and
Amos software. The anxiety of COVID-19 and concerns during pregnancy were variables that were positively and significantly correlated with mental health only through one path, which was direct, and anxiety of COVID-19 had also the highest positive direct correlation
among them (B = 0.32). The next variable was the happiness during pregnancy experiencing, which had a significantly negative and direct correlation with mental health disorder (B = 0.29). Fear of COVID-19 through the mediating concerns of pregnancy experiences
was shown to have a significant positive relationship with mental health through an indirect path (B = 0.05). It is necessary to pay more attention to the mental health of pregnant women during a pandemic. Virtual training is recommended to reduce anxiety
and fear cause by COVID-19 during pregnancy. |
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|
Schultz, BruceT, Zaliani, et al |
bioRxiv |
Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
In this paper, we present the COVID-19 PHARMACOME, a comprehensive drug-target-mechanism graph generated from a compilation
of several disease maps and experimental data focused on SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 pathophysiology. By applying a systematic approach, we were able to predict the effect of drug pairs on SARS-CoV-2 infection. Experimental validation of our results demonstrate
that our graph can be used to not only explore the involved mechanistic pathways, but also to identify novel combinations of drug repurposing candidates. |
|
|
PMC7462562; Acute encephalopathy is associated
with worse outcomes in COVID-19 patients |
Shah, VA, Nalleballe, et al |
Brain Behav Immun Health |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Acute encephalopathy with COVID-19 has been reported in several studies but its impact on outcomes remains unclear.
We hypothesized that hospitalized COVID-19 patients with encephalopathy have worse COVID-19 related outcomes. Of 12,601 hospitalized COVID-19 patients, 1092 (8.7%) developed acute encephalopathy. Patients in the acute encephalopathy group were older (67 vs.
61 years) and had higher prevalence of medical co-morbidities including obesity, hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, COPD, chronic kidney and liver disease among others. Before and after propensity score-matching for co-morbidities, patients with acute
encephalopathy were more likely to need critical care services (35.6% vs. 16.9%, p < 0.0001), intubation (19.5% vs. 6.0%, p < 0.0001) and had higher 30-day mortality (24.3% vs. 17.9%, p 0.0002). |
|
Shekhar, N, Sarma, et al |
mSystems |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
The membrane-anchored spike (S) protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has a pivotal
role in directing the fusion of the virus particle mediated by the host cell receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2). In our present study, computer-aided drug design strategies were used for the identification of FDA-approved small molecules using
the optimal structure of the S2 domain, which exhibits optimal interaction ratios, structural features, and energy variables, which were evaluated based on their performances in molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations, molecular mechanics/generalized
Born model and solvent accessibility binding free energy calculations of molecular dynamics trajectories, and statistical inferences. Among the 2,625 FDA-approved small molecules, chloramphenicol succinate, imipenem, and imidurea turned out to be the molecules
that bound the best at the fusion peptide hydrophobic pocket. The principal interactions of the selected molecules suggest that the potential binding site at the fusion peptide region is centralized amid the Lys790, Thr791, Lys795, Asp808, and Gln872 residues.
The present study provides the structural identification of the viable binding residues of the SARS-CoV-2 S2 fusion peptide region, which holds prime importance in the virus's host cell fusion and entry mechanism. |
|
|
Purpuric rash on the legs of a patient
with coronavirus disease |
Silva, DHM, Oppenheimer, et al |
Rev Soc Bras Med Trop |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
This is a case study of a 30-year-old male healthcare worker with ochre dermatitis on the medial side of the legs.
The patient was monitored at the dermatology clinic. The patient reported a 15-day history of fever and diarrhea, followed by erythematous-purpuric macules and papules on the legs and feet 1 week before, involving some fingers. After 2 weeks, he returned to
the clinic after testing for coronavirus disease (COVID-19) antibodies (IgM and IgG positive). The skin lesions showed considerable improvement during this period and the patient fully recovered at home. The patient' clinical condition was considered a vascular
skin manifestation associated with COVID-19 infection. Recognizing associated skin lesions is important for the early diagnosis of COVID-19. |
|
Hypernatremia is common in patients with severe COVID-19 and indicates
a poor prognosis |
Sjöström, Anna, Rysz, et al |
Research Square prepub |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Investigated the frequency, dynamics and severity of electrolyte imbalance in critically ill patients with COVID-19.
Hyponatremia was present in 63% of the patients, at admission. Within two weeks of hospitalization, 65% of the patients developed hypernatremia often combined with a rise of base excess. The mortality rate was twice as high in the group with hypernatremia
compared to the patients not developing hypernatremia. Treatment of hypertension before the onset of COVID-19 was more common in patients without hypernatremia. |
|
Transient rise in CA 125 in a woman with ovarian carcinoma and
COVID-19 infection |
Smith, M, Lara, et al |
Gynecol Oncol Rep |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Case report of a 54 year old female with ovarian carcinoma and diagnosed with COVID-19 via IgG antibody testing |
|
Song, Ge, He, et al |
bioRxiv |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique Immunology | Immunologie |
Compared serum antibody and memory B cell responses to coronavirus spike (S) proteins from pre-pandemic and SARS-CoV-2
convalescent donors using a series of binding and functional assays. Found weak evidence of pre-existing SARS-CoV-2 cross-reactive serum antibodies in pre-pandemic donors. However, there was stronger evidence of pre-existing cross-reactive memory B cells that
were activated on SARS-CoV-2 infection. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) isolated from the donors showed varying degrees of cross-reactivity with betacoronaviruses, including SARS and endemic coronaviruses. None of the cross-reactive mAbs were neutralizing except
for one that targeted the S2 subunit of the S protein. |
|
|
Inhibitory activities of marine sulfated polysaccharides against SARS-CoV-2 |
Song, S, Peng, et al |
Food Funct |
Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has
spread around the world at an unprecedented rate. In the present study, 4 marine sulfated polysaccharides were screened for their inhibitory activity against SARS-CoV-2, including sea cucumber sulfated polysaccharide (SCSP), fucoidan from brown algae, iota-carrageenan
from red algae, and chondroitin sulfate C from sharks (CS). Of them, SCSP, fucoidan, and carrageenan showed significant antiviral activities at concentrations of 3.90-500 μg mL-1. SCSP exhibited the strongest inhibitory activity with IC50 of 9.10 μg mL-1.
Furthermore, a test using pseudotype virus with S glycoprotein confirmed that SCSP could bind to the S glycoprotein to prevent SARS-CoV-2 host cell entry. The three antiviral polysaccharides could be employed to treat and prevent COVID-19. |
|
Srivastava, Rajneesh, Daulatabad, et al |
bioRxiv |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
Analyzed publicly available genomic datasets to systematically dissect the crosstalk and dysregulation of human post-transcriptional
regulatory networks governed by RNA binding proteins (RBPs) and micro-RNAs (miRs), due to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Uncovered that 13 out of 29 SARS-CoV-2 encoded proteins directly interact with 51 human RBPs of which majority of them were abundantly expressed
in gonadal tissues and immune cells. A functional analysis of differentially expressed genes revealed enrichment for immune response, cytokine-mediated signaling, and metabolism associated genes. Characterization of the alternative splicing events demonstrated
that skipped exons and mutually exclusive exons were the most abundant events that potentially contributed to differential outcomes in response to viral infection. A similar analysis of the interactions of miRs with SARS-CoV-2 revealed functionally important
miRs that were highly expressed in immune cells, suggesting that these interactions may contribute to the progression of the viral infection and modulate host immune response. |
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Story, D, Coyle, et al |
Aust Health Rev |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
Analysed screening for COVID-19 before surgery and outcomes of any perioperative testing for SARS-CoV-2 infection during
pandemic-restricted surgery. Although 72% of patients undergoing elective surgery had both systematic screening and temperature documented, only 38% undergoing non-elective surgery had both documented. However, 95% of non-elective surgery patients had temperature
documented. Acknowledging limited screening, 9.3% of non-elective surgery patients had positive screening, compared with 3.0% of elective surgery patients. All patients (7.0%) who were tested for SARS-CoV-2 were negative, and no cases were reported from external
contact tracing. |
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Takahashi, Yoichiro, Hayakawa, et al |
Research Square prepub |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
Evaluated the effect of histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACIs) on cultured epithelial cell lines, and found that HDACIs
suppress both ACE2 and ABO expression simultaneously. Furthermore, the amount of ACE2 protein was shown to be decreased by one of the clinically-used HDACIs, panobinostat, which has been reported to reduce B-antigens on cell surfaces. On the basis of these
findings, we conclude that panobinostat could have the potential to serve as a preventive drug against COVID-19. |
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Tao, LT, Huang, et al |
World J Acupunct Moxibustion |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
A case of the absorption of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) promoted by professor Xu ZOU's acupuncture technique
for "benefiting kidney and strengthening anti-pathogenic qi" is introduced. A female patient suffered from COVID-19, 64 years old, had been treated with acupuncture and Chinese herb granules for 10 days on the base of the oral administration of moxifloxacin.
In the re-examination, the chest CT image indicated that the absorption of COVID-19 was obvious as compared with before, the nucleic acid test of novel corona virus was negative and the patient narrated no obvious discomfort. Acupuncture therapy plays its
active adjuvant effect in the whole process of the treatment of COVID-19. |
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Targa, AdrianoDS, Benítez, et al |
Research Square prepub |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
Investigated the effect of changes in society's lifestyle due to the COVID-19 outbreak on sleep. Comparing the previous
Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score to that during the COVID-19 outbreak, we observed worsening sleep quality (5.45 ± 3.14 to 6.18 ± 3.03 points, p = 0.035). In parallel, there was an increase in the negative mood (p = 0.002). Accordingly, the decrease
in sleep quality was substantially correlated with negative mood (p < 0.001). There were no differences in the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) or Satisfaction, Alertness, Timing, Efficiency, and Duration (SATED). |
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Tchesnokov, EP, Gordon, et al |
J Biol Chem |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
Remdesivir (RDV) is a direct-acting antiviral agent that is used to treat patients with severe coronavirus disease
2019 (COVID-19). RDV targets the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We have previously shown that incorporation of the active triphosphate form of RDV (RDV-TP) at position i causes delayed
chain-termination at position i+3. Here we demonstrate that the S861G mutation in RdRp eliminates chain-termination, which confirms the existence of a steric clash between S861 and the incorporated RDV-TP. Also show that the efficiency of incorporation of
the complementary UTP opposite template RDV is compromised, providing a second opportunity to inhibit replication. |
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Thayer, ZM, Gildner, et al |
Am J Hum Biol |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
Evaluated whether COVID-19-associated financial stress was associated with increased likelihood of a clinically significant
depression score (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Score ≥ 15) among pregnant women living in the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic. Forty-three percent of participants reported experiencing financial stress as a result of the pandemic, while 24% of
participants had a clinically significant depression score. COVID-19-related financial stress was significantly associated with increased likelihood of a clinically significant depression score, even after adjustment for covariates including participant education
and income. |
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Thémans, P, Belkhir, et al |
Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
Described the pharmacokinetics of hydroxychloroquine in COVID-19 patients, considered to be a key step toward its dosing
optimization. The final population pharmacokinetic model was a one-compartment model with first-order absorption and elimination. The estimated parameter values were 9.3/h, 860.8 L, and 15.7 L/h for the absorption rate constant, the central compartment volume,
and the clearance, respectively. |
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Thieme, CJ, Anft, et al |
Cell Rep Med |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Immunology | Immunologie |
T cell immunity toward SARS-CoV-2 spike (S-), membrane (M-), and nucleocapsid (N-) proteins may define COVID-19 severity.
Therefore, we compare the SARS-CoV-2-reactive T cell responses in moderate, severe, and critical COVID-19 patients and unexposed donors. Overlapping peptide pools of all three proteins induce SARS-CoV-2-reactive T cell response with dominance of CD4(+) over
CD8(+) T cells and demonstrate interindividual immunity against the three proteins. M-protein induces the highest frequencies of CD4(+) T cells, suggesting its relevance for diagnosis and vaccination. The T cell response of critical COVID-19 patients is robust
and comparable or even superior to non-critical patients. Virus clearance and COVID-19 survival are not associated with either SARS-CoV-2 T cell kinetics or magnitude of T cell responses, respectively. Thus, our data do not support the hypothesis of insufficient
SARS-CoV-2-reactive immunity in critical COVID-19. Conversely, it indicates that activation of differentiated memory effector T cells could cause hyperreactivity and immunopathogenesis in critical patients. |
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Using Machine Learning to Develop a Novel COVID-19 Vulnerability Index (C19VI) |
Tiwari, Anuj, Dadhania, et al |
arXiv |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
This study reports a COVID19 Vulnerability Index (C19VI) for identification and mapping of vulnerable counties in the
United States. We proposed a Random Forest machine learning based COVID19 vulnerability model using CDC sociodemographic and COVID19-specific themes. An innovative COVID19 Impact Assessment algorithm was also developed using homogeneity and trend assessment
technique for evaluating severity of the pandemic in all counties and train RF model. Developed C19VI was statistically validated and compared with the CDC COVID19 Community Vulnerability Index (CCVI). Finally, using C19VI along with census data, we explored
racial inequalities and economic disparities in COVID19 health outcomes amongst different regions in the United States. Our C19VI index indicates that 18.30% of the counties falls into very high vulnerability class, 24.34% in high, 23.32% in moderate, 22.34%
in low, and 11.68% in very low. Furthermore, C19VI reveals that 75.57% of racial minorities and 82.84% of economically poor communities are very high or high COVID19 vulnerable regions. The proposed approach of vulnerability modeling takes advantage of both
the well-established field of statistical analysis and the fast-evolving domain of machine learning. C19VI provides an accurate and more reliable way to measure county level vulnerability in the United States. |
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Serum antibody profile of a patient with COVID-19 reinfection |
To, KK, Hung, et al |
Clin Infect Dis |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Immunology | Immunologie |
We recently reported a patient with COVID-19 reinfection. We showed that serum neutralizing antibody could be detected
during the first episode but not at presentation of the second episode. During reinfection, neutralizing antibody and high avidity IgG were found within 8 days after hospitalization, while IgM response was absent. These findings indicate that the waning of
humoral immunity may have predisposed this patient to the reinfection with a different strain of SARs-CoV-2 |
|
Torii, Shiho, Ono, et al |
bioRxiv |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
In this study, we established a PCR-based, bacterium-free method to generate SARS-CoV-2 infectious clones. Recombinant
SARS-CoV-2 could be rescued at high titer with high accuracy after assembling 10 SARS-CoV-2 cDNA fragments by circular polymerase extension reaction (CPER) and transfection of the resulting circular genome into susceptible cells. Notably, the construction
of infectious clones for reporter viruses and mutant viruses could be completed in two simple steps: introduction of reporter genes or mutations into the desirable DNA fragments (~5,000 base pairs) by PCR and assembly of the DNA fragments by CPER. We hope
that our reverse genetics system will contribute to the further understanding of SARS-CoV-2. |
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Trivizakis, E, Tsiknakis, et al |
Exp Ther Med |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection
d'agents pathogènes |
In this study, a state-of-the-art custom U-Net model is presented with a dice similarity coefficient performance of
99.6% along with a transfer learning VGG-19 based model for COVID-19 versus pneumonia differentiation exhibiting an area under curve of 96.1%. The above was significantly improved over the baseline model trained with no segmentation in selected tomographic
slices of the same dataset. The presented study highlights the importance of a robust preprocessing protocol for image analysis within a heterogeneous imaging dataset and assesses the potential diagnostic value of the presented COVID-19 model by comparing
its performance to the state of the art. |
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Tsitsilonis, OE, Paraskevis, et al |
Life (Basel) |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Immunology | Immunologie |
To estimate the prevalence of antibodies (Igs) against SARS-CoV-2 among National Kapodistrian University of Athens
(NKUA) members, we designed a five consecutive monthly serosurvey among randomly selected NKUA consenting volunteers. We present the results from the first 2500 plasma samples collected during June-July 2020. Twenty-five donors were tested positive for anti-SARS-CoV-2
Igs; thus, the overall seroprevalence was 1.00%. The weighted overall seroprevalence was 0.93% (95% CI: 0.27, 2.09) and varied between males 1.05% (95% CI: 0.18, 2.92)] and females 0.84% (95% CI: 0.13, 2.49)]. Given that approximately one in three infections
was asymptomatic, continuous monitoring of the progression of the pandemic by assessing Ig seroprevalence is needed. |
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Could ferritin level be an indicator of COVID-19 disease mortality? |
Tural Onur, S, Altın, et al |
J Med Virol |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We aimed to investigate whether serum ferritin level predicts mortality and is a marker for rapid progression for inpatients.
Our study included 56 patients who died due to COVID-1 (study group), and 245 patients who were hospitalized and recovered (control group). When comparing the pre and post values of ferritin, according to the two groups separately, there was no significant
difference in the control group but a high level of significance was observed in the nonsurvivor group (p <0.01). |
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Vacchi, C, Meschiari, et al |
Rheumatology (Oxford) |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We report the first case of neutrophilic arterial vasculitis in COVID-19. A 73-year–old man with a past history of
type II diabetes, chronic kidney disease (CKD) and ischaemic coronary disease was admitted to the University Hospital of Modena for shortness of breath and dry cough. The patient tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. This complex case scenario and the potential
related clinical implications required multidisciplinary discussion among haematologist, rheumatologist, pneumologist and nephrologist. |
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Vannoni, M, McKee, et al |
Global Health |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique |
The mobility trends of 41 cities worldwide were evaluated using Citymapper's mobility index covering 2nd to 26th March
2020, expressed as percentages of typical usage periods from 0% as the lowest and 100% as normal. Multivariate fixed effects models were used to estimate the association of policies restricting movement on mobility before and after their introduction. Policy
restrictions were assessed using the Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Stringency Index as well as measures coding the timing and degree of school and workplace closures, transport restrictions, and cancellation of mass gatherings. Mobility declined in all
major cities throughout March. Larger declines were seen in European than Asian cities. The COVID-19 Government Response Stringency Index was strongly associated with declines in mobility (r = - 0.75, p < 0.001). After adjusting for time-trends, we observed
that implementing non-pharmaceutical countermeasures was associated with a decline of mobility of 10.0% for school closures (95% CI: 4.36 to 15.7%), 15.0% for workplace closures (95% CI: 10.2 to 19.8%), 7.09% for cancelling public events (95% CI: 1.98 to 12.2%),
18.0% for closing public transport (95% CI: 6.74 to 29.2%), 13.3% for restricting internal movements (95% CI: 8.85 to 17.8%) and 5.30% for international travel controls (95% CI: 1.69 to 8.90). In contrast, as expected, there was no association between population
mobility changes and fiscal or monetary measures or emergency healthcare investment. Understanding the effect of public policy on mobility in the early stages is crucial to slowing and reducing COVID-19 transmission. |
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Varim, C, Yaylaci, et al |
Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
The aim of the present study is to reveal the place of neutrophil count to albumin ratio in predicting mortality in
patients with COVID-19. 144 patients, 65 females and 79 males, were included in the study. Patients were divided into 2 groups. Group 1 was the non-severe group (n:85), and Group 2 was severe (n:59). Demographic data, neutrophil, lymphocyte and platelet counts,
albumin and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were recorded. Neutrophil count to albumin ratio (NAR) was calculated by dividing the absolute neutrophil counts by the albumin levels. The NAR and levels of the two groups were then compared. There were no significant
differences in gender and platelet count (201 vs. 211 K/mL) between the groups (p>0,05). Ages (62.0 ± 14.3 vs 68.6 ± 12.2 years), albumin (33.1 vs 29.9 gr/L), CRP (33 vs 113 mg/l), neutrophil count (4 vs 7.24 K/mL), WBC counts (6.70 vs 8.50 K/mL), NAR values
(113.5 vs 267.2) and number of Death (5 vs 33) were found to be statistically higher (p <0.001) in Group 2 than in Group 1. The NAR value of 201.5 showed mortality in all patients with COVID-19 to have 71.1% sensitivity and 71.7% specificity (AUC:0.736, 95%
CI: 0.641-0.832, p<0.001). |
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Wilches Visbal, JH, Castillo Pedraza, et al |
Rev Esp Salud Publica |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Public health interventions*| Interventions
de santé publique |
The objective of this article was the mathematical development of the SIR model and its application to predict the
course of the Covid-19 pandemic in the city of Santa Marta (Colombia), in order to understand the reason behind several of the measures of containment adopted by the States of the world in the fight against the pandemic. |
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Healthy donor T-cell responses to common cold coronaviruses and SARS-CoV-2 |
Woldemeskel, BA, Kwaa, et al |
J Clin Invest |
Immunology | Immunologie |
BACKGROUND: The T cell responses to the common cold coronaviruses have not been well characterized. Pre-existing T
cell immunity to SARS-CoV-2 has been reported, and a recent study suggested that this was due to cross-recognition of the novel coronavirus by T cells specific for the common cold coronaviruses. METHODS: We used the ELISpot assay to characterize the T cell
responses against peptide pools derived from the spike protein of three common cold coronaviruses (HCoV-229E, HCoV-NL63, and HCoV-OC43) and SARS-CoV-2 in 21 healthy donors who were seronegative for SARS-CoV-2 and had no known exposure to the virus. An in vitro
expansion culture assay was also used to analyze memory T cell responses. RESULTS: We found responses to the spike protein of the three common cold coronaviruses in many donors. We then focused on HCoV-NL63 and demonstrated broad T cell responses to the spike
protein and identified 22 targeted peptides. Interestingly, only one subject had a significant response to SARS-CoV-2 spike or nucleocapsid protein in the ELISpot assay. In vitro expansion studies suggested that T cells specific for the HCoV-NL63 spike protein
in this subject could also recognize SARS-CoV-2 spike protein peptide pools. CONCLUSIONS: Healthy donors have circulating T cells specific for the spike proteins of HCoV-NL63, HCoV-229E, and HCoV-OC43. T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 spike and nucleocapsid
proteins were present in only one subject and were potentially the result of cross-recognition by T cells specific for the common cold coronaviruses. Further studies are needed to determine whether this influences COVID-19 outcomes. |
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The effects of favipiravir on hematological parameters of covıd-19 patients |
Yaylaci, S, Dheir, et al |
Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
INTRODUCTION: This study aims to evaluate changes in hematological parameters after the follow-up of patients who received
treatment with favipiravir due to COVID-19 infections. METHODS: Sixty-two cases receiving favipiravir treatment for at least five days due to COVID-19 infection were evaluated retrospectively. Parameters including age, gender, nasopharyngeal swab positivity,
and chronic diseases were analyzed. Hematologic parameters were analyzed before and after the treatment. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients receiving treatment with favipiravir was 63.7±12.3 years. Nasopharyngeal swab positivity was detected in 67.7%. The
most common comorbid conditions detected in patients were hypertension in 25 cases (40.3%) and diabetes in 16 cases (25.8%). In the statistical analysis of the hematological parameters before and after treatment with favipiravir, WBC, PT-PTT-INR levels were
found to be unaffected; the mean RBC was found to have decreased from 4.33 ± 0.58 M/uL to 4.16 ± 0.54 M/uL (p:0.003); the median hemoglobin level was found to have decreased from 12.3 g/dl to 11.9 g/dl (p:0.041); the hematocrit level decreased from 38.1% ±
4.8 to 36.9% ± 4.2 (p:0.026); the median neutrophil count decreased from 4.57 K/uL to 3.85 K/uL (p:0.001); the mean lymphocyte count increased from 1.22 ± 0.53 K/uL to 1.84 ± 1.19 K/uL (p:0.000); and the mean platelet count increased from 244.1 ± 85.1 K/uL
to 281.9 ± 103.3 K/uL (p:0.005). CONCLUSION: We concluded that the pathological effect of treatment with favipiravir on the hematologic system was the suppression in the erythrocyte series, and there were no adverse effects in other hematologic parameters. |
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Yaylacı, S, Dheir, et al |
Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
AIM: The aim of this study is to analyze the prognostic significance of ABO and Rh blood group antigens along with
various parameters in patients followed-up with the diagnosis of COVID-19. METHODS: We evaluated 397 patients who were follow-up and treated due to COVID-19 infections. The ages, genders, chronic diseases, ABO and Rh blood group antigens, admission rates to
Intensive Care Units (ICU), and mortality rates of the patients were analyzed. FINDINGS: The mean age of the 397 patients with COVID-19 was 47±17 years. In the blood group analysis of the patients, A Rh-positive (A +) was the most frequently seen blood type
(176 patients, 44.3%) followed by O Rh-positive (0 +) (109 patients, 27,5%); 38 patients were Rh negative (Rh -) (9,6%). 53 of the patients (13,4%) were followed in ICU and 29 patients died (7,3%). Neither mortality nor admission to ICU was seen for Rh - group.
The comparison of Rh groups concerning the need for ICU admission revealed a significantly high rate of ICU admission in the Rh + group (p=0,011), while no significant relationship was found between mortality and Rh antigen (p=0,069). CONCLUSION: The most
frequently seen blood type among COVID-19 patients was A +. The Rh + blood group was found in all cases who were admitted to ICU and had a death outcome. The Rh + blood group was found in a significantly high number of patients who were admitted to ICU, while
no significant relationship was found between mortality and Rh blood group. |
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COVID-19 in Chronic-Phase Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Patients: A Single Center
Survey from Turkey |
Yılmaz, U, Pekmezci, et al |
Turk J Haematol |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
This single center survey out of Turkey described the management of five patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML)
that tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. All of the patients in this survey had chronic CML with optimal responses to tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment. Recovery from COVID-19 occurred in all patients without the need for oxygen support. The use of
therapeutics to treat COVID-19 varied widely between patients. The potential for interactions between COVID-19 therapeutics and TKIs were monitored. |
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Yu, S, Nimse, et al |
Anal Chem |
Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes |
In this study, we have developed the novel LFSM assay that allows the simultaneous detection of RdRp, ORF3a, and N
genes using the PCR product obtained by a using single-tube RT-PCR. The LFSM assay allows detection of SARS-CoV-2 in 30 min at 25 °C after RT-PCR with the detection limits of 10 copies/test for each gene. The clinical performance of the LFSM assay for the
detection of SARS-Cov-2 was evaluated using 162 clinical samples previously detected by using the commercial assay. the PPA, PNA and OPA of the LFSM assay with the commercial assay were 100% (94.2% - 100%), 99.0% (94.6% - 100%), and 99.4% (96.6% - 100%). Therefore,
the results of the LFSM assay showed significantly high concordance with the commercial assay for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in clinical specimens. Therefore, we conclude that the developed LFSM assay can be used alone or as complementary to the RT-PCR or
other methods for the diagnosis and monitoring of the patients to curb community transmission and pandemic. |
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Yue, L, Cao, et al |
J Med Virol |
Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes |
In this study, we expressed both the NP and N-terminally truncated NP (ΔN-NP) of SARS-CoV-2 in an Escherichia coli
expression system, and described the purification of the soluble recombinant NP and ΔN-NP in details. The identities of the NP and ΔN-NP were confirmed with mass spectrometry. We then used IgG detection ELISAs to compare the sensitivity of NP and ΔN-NP in
detecting anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. ΔN-NP showed greater sensitivity than NP in the analysis of serially diluted sera from mice and rabbits vaccinated with inactive SARS-CoV-2 and in human sera diluted 1:400. ΔN-NP showed a positive detection rate similar
to that of the SARS-CoV-2 S protein in human sera. We conclude that ΔN-NP is a better serological marker than NP for evaluating the immunogenicity of inactivated SARS-CoV-2. |
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A proof of concept for neutralizing antibody-guided
vaccine design against SARS-CoV-2 |
Zhang, Li, Cao, et al |
bioRxiv |
Vaccine Research| Recherche sur les vaccins Animal model | Modèle animal |
Mutations and transient conformational movements of receptor binding domain (RBD) that make neutralizing epitopes momentarily
unavailable, present immune escape routes to SARS-CoV-2. To mitigate viral escape, we developed a cocktail of neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) targeting epitopes located on different domains of spike (S) protein. Screening of a library of monoclonal antibodies
generated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of COVID-19 convalescent patients yielded potent NAbs, targeting N-terminal domain (NTD) and RBD domain of S, effective at nM concentrations. Remarkably, combination of RBD-targeting NAbs and NTD-binding NAb,
FC05, dramatically enhanced the neutralization potency in cell-based assays and animal model. Results of competitive SPR assays and cryo-EM structures of Fabs bound to S unveil determinants of immunogenicity. Combinations of immunogens, identified in NTD and
RBD of S, when immunized in rabbits elicited potent protective immune responses against SARS-CoV-2. These results provide a proof-of-concept for neutralization-based immunogen design targeting SARS-CoV-2 NTD and RBD.Competing Interest StatementThe authors
have declared no competing interest. |
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Zhang, X, Wang, et al |
Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
Using Monte Carlo methods, this study investigates energy deposition of energetic electrons and ionization in the 2019
novel coronavirus by electron irradiation, which are important characteristic quantities related with biological damage formation. The inelastic scattering of low-energy electrons (<10 keV) was calculated by dielectric theory. The optical energy-loss functions
of viral proteins and RNA were derived from an empirical method in the energy-loss range <40 eV and the calculation of optical parameters of the biomolecules. The densities and distributions of energy deposition and ionization were calculated from the stopping
power and inelastic cross-sections in the electron-cascade simulation. Electrons with primary energies of approximately 1-3 keV produced significant energy deposition and ionization in the target coronavirus. More energetic electrons were less effective due
to the larger electron range and fewer scattering events in the coronavirus. |
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PMC7287432; Patient anxiety and role of patient education during coronavirus disease
2019 epidemic |
Zhang, Z, Long, et al |
Gastrointest Endosc |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
This article describes the preliminary survey results from 222 patients that visited a gastroenterology clinic between
April 6, 2020 and April 30, 2020. Eighty-eight patients, who received and read a manual with basic knowledge about COVID-19 and prevention measures of the endoscopy center, were defined as the education group (EG). Another 134 patients without the manual
were defined as the control group (CG). Our questionnaire was divided into 3 parts: demographic information, worries and willingness about undergoing endoscopy, and the Impact of Event Scale–Revised. A preliminary survey was conducted; the overall Cronbach’s
α of the second part was 0.819, and the construct reliability was 0.919. We found that 48.51% of CG patients were worried or strongly worried about being infected by endoscopy, whereas the proportion reduced into 34.09% after reading the manual (P = .027).
Besides, only 38.81% of the CG patients were willing to undergo endoscopy during the epidemic, whereas after patient education, the proportion increased into 56.82% (P = .035). |
|
Zheng, M, Gao, et al |
Cell Mol Immunol |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Immunology | Immunologie |
This study sought to provide a detailed characterization of the associations between humoral immune responses and inflammatory
factors to provide a better understanding of SARS-CoV-2-host interactions in COVID-19 patients. A total of 54 hospital-admitted COVID-19 patients (41 nonsevere cases and 13 severe cases) were assessed in the present study. The levels of RBD-specific IgG,
RBD-specific IgA, and the frequencies of ASCs and ICOS+ T follicular helper (TFH) cells were found to be higher in severely affected COVID-19 patients than those in nonseverely affected patients. Follow-up analysis of COVID-19 patients demonstrated that humoral
immune responses were positively correlated with the levels of IL-6, C-X-C motif chemokine 10 (CXCL10), and C5a. Positive correlations between the serum CXCL13 level and the levels of IL-6 and CXCL10 were also noted in COVID-19 patients. Taken together, these
results indicate that there is a close relationship between humoral immunity and inflammatory factors, and the generation of protective humoral immunity could be a double-edged sword in COVID-19 patients. |
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Abejón González, D, Monzón, et al |
Pain Pract |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Understanding COVID-19 in the light of epidemic disease described in Unani medicine |
Alam, MA, Quamri, et al |
Drug Metab Pers Ther |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Assis, MS, Araújo, et al |
Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Bennett, S, Tafuro, et al |
Int J Clin Pract |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
SR: searched MEDLINE and EMBASE using OVID on 26 April 2020. COVID-19 most commonly presents with fever, cough,
fatigue and anorexia among patients with existing hypertension and cardiovascular disease |
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Berling, I, King, et al |
J Am Soc Nephrol |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
SR: On the basis of our systematic review and analysis, the EXTRIP workgroup recommends against using extracorporeal
methods to enhance elimination of these drugs in patients with severe chloroquine or quinine poisoning. |
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Brown, RCH, Savulescu, et al |
J Med Ethics |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Cai, H, Liu, et al |
Viruses |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Dissemination of information during public health crises: early COVID-19 data from The
Laryngoscope |
Chern, A, Selesnick, et al |
Laryngoscope |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
|
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COVID-19 and acute myocarditis: current literature review and diagnostic challenges |
Çınar, T, Hayıroğlu, et al |
Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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de Las Heras, N, Martín Giménez, et al |
Antioxidants (Basel) |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Immune response following infection with SARS-CoV-2 and other coronaviruses: A rapid review |
E, OM, Byrne, et al |
Rev Med Virol |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
Rapid Review: databases were searched from 1/1/2000 until 26/5/2020. In conclusion, limited early data suggest that
most patients seroconvert for SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG within 2 weeks. While the long-term duration of antibody responses is unknown, evidence from SARS-CoV studies suggest SARS-CoV-specific IgG is sustained for 1-2 years and declines thereafter. |
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Can Adenosine Fight COVID-19 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome? |
Falcone, C, Caracciolo, et al |
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PMC7481846; Cascades - Mapping the multi-disciplinary landscape in a post-pandemic
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PMC7503054; The use of remdesivir outside of clinical trials during the COVID-19
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Mental health management of elite athletes during COVID-19: a narrative review
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Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Speech therapy practice in hospital settings and COVID-19 pandemic |
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Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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The Lancet Infectious Diseases |
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Bard, TR |
J Pastoral Care Counsel |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Hypertension and SARS-Cov-2 infection: is inflammation the missing link? |
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Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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ERCP in patients with COVID-19 infection - is a single-use duodenoscope the safer option? |
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Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Bloomgarden, Z |
J Diabetes |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Bölke, E, Matuschek, et al |
N Engl J Med |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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An Isolated Peculiar Gianotti-Crosti Rash in the Course of a COVID-19 Episode |
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Acta Derm Venereol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Successful treatment of COVID-19 with remdesivir in the absence of humoral
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Research Square prepub |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Burki, Talha |
The Lancet Infectious Diseases |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Burki, Talha |
The Lancet Infectious Diseases |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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COVID-19 and health literacy: the yell of a silent epidemic amidst the pandemic |
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Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Carmo Filho, A, Cunha, et al |
Rev Soc Bras Med Trop |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Cevik, M, Marcus, et al |
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Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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PMC7498411; Antiviral nanoagents: More attention and effort needed? |
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Nano Today |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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SARS-CoV-2 infection in India bucks the trend: Trained innate immunity? |
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Am J Hum Biol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Christie, A, Neatherlin, et al |
N Engl J Med |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Costedoat-Chalumeau, Nathalie, Morel, et al |
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Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Hitting rock bottom: the descent from predatory journals and conferences to the predatory
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Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Recognizing Moral Distress in the COVID-19 Pandemic: Lessons From Global Disaster Response |
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Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic for social gerontology in Australia |
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Australas J Ageing |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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De Castro, L, Lopez, et al |
Dev World Bioeth |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Devi, Sharmila |
The Lancet Infectious Diseases |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 infection in early pregnancy: what is the
evidence? |
Di Iorio, R, Bianchi, et al |
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Return to sport for North American professional sport leagues in the context
of COVID-19 |
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Br J Sports Med |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Teams and endoscopy: another effect of the COVID-19 pandemic |
Dinis-Ribeiro, M, Hassan, et al |
Endoscopy |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Diotallevi, F, Radi, et al |
Int J Dermatol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Reply to "A SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR and Chest CT, two complementary approaches for COVID-19
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Jpn J Radiol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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PMC7480472; Covid-19 pandemic and food: Present knowledge, risks, consumers fears
and safety |
Duda-Chodak, A, Lukasiewicz, et al |
Trends Food Sci Technol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Prevalence of Pulmonary Embolism in ED patients with Suspected COVID-19: The Truth Remains
Unknown |
Ehrman, RR, Collins, et al |
Acad Emerg Med |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Englander, H, Salisbury-Afshar, et al |
J Hosp Med |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Fernando, B, Brown, et al |
Nature |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Ferreira, LL, Sampaio, et al |
Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Reply to Özdemir, "Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine and COVID-19 Relationship" |
Fidel, PL, J, et al |
mBio |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Letter by Finsterer Regarding Article, "COVID-19-Associated Stress (Takotsubo)
Cardiomyopathy" |
Finsterer, J |
Circ Cardiovasc Imaging |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Hard to reach: COVID-19 responses and the complexities of homelessness |
Flook, Mary, Grohmann, et al |
The Lancet Respiratory Medicine |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Evidence, rationality, and ignorance: Agnotological issues in COVID-19 science |
Fortaleza, Cmcb |
Rev Soc Bras Med Trop |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Freund, Y, Drogrey, et al |
Acad Emerg Med |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Epidemiology of COVID-19 Outbreak in Japan, from January-March 2020 |
Furuse, Y, Ko, et al |
Jpn J Infect Dis |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Resident Perspectives on COVID-19 in Psychiatric Decision-Making |
Gallop, A, Graczyk, et al |
Acad Psychiatry |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Gersh, F, Lavie, et al |
Clin Infect Dis |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Blessings and Cursings: The Liberating Gift of Profanity in Clinical Pastoral Education |
Gilmore, J |
J Pastoral Care Counsel |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Godlee, F, Silberner, et al |
Bmj |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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The doctor-patient relationship in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic |
Gomes, VTS, Rodrigues, et al |
Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Gray, BO, St George, et al |
J Spec Oper Med |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Greening, NJ, Larsson, et al |
Allergy |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Preparatory phase for clinical trials of COVID-19 vaccine in Nepal |
Gupta, GP, Shah, et al |
Hum Vaccin Immunother |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Preprints During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Public Health Emergencies and Medical Literature |
Guterman, EL, Braunstein, et al |
J Hosp Med |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Hayes, SC, Hofmann, et al |
J Contextual Behav Sci |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Houlihan, CatherineF, Beale, et al |
The Lancet Infectious Diseases |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Covid-19: New restrictions to curb rising infection rate are set throughout UK |
Iacobucci, G |
Bmj |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Covid-19: Risk of death more than doubled in people who also had flu, English data show |
Iacobucci, G |
Bmj |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Covid-19: Government must publish results of pilots of contract tracing app, experts
say |
Iacobucci, G |
Bmj |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Jordan, CJ, Carlezon, et al |
Neuropsychopharmacology |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Kelly, BD |
Ir J Psychol Med |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Kirby, Tony |
The Lancet Infectious Diseases |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Viral infections of pigs used for medical education. A Japanese experience |
Kobayashi, E |
Acta Cir Bras |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Krammer, F |
Nature |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Kutsuna, S, Asai, et al |
N Engl J Med |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Laursen, SB, Gralnek, et al |
Endoscopy |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Lazaridis, N, Skamnelos, et al |
Endoscopy |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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PMC7366966; Thoughts on the effects of moxa smoke in the epidemic prevention |
Liang, YL |
World J Acupunct Moxibustion |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Clinical value anti-SARS-COV-2 serum IgA titration in patients with COVID-19 |
Lippi, G, Mattiuzzi, et al |
J Med Virol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Immune status could be associated with severity in COVID-19 patients |
Liu, C, Yang, et al |
Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Liu, M, Deng, et al |
Obes Rev |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Lockhart, M, Hill, et al |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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London, S |
Acad Psychiatry |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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A word of hope for ataxia trials in COVID-19 time and beyond |
Maas, Rppwm, Ramjith, et al |
J Neurol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Makoni, Munyaradzi |
The Lancet Infectious Diseases |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Validity of Data Collected from Randomized Behavioral Clinical Trials During the COVID-19
Pandemic |
Mara, CA, Peugh, et al |
J Pediatr Psychol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Mariano, RZ, Rio, et al |
Rev Soc Bras Med Trop |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Favipiravir and the Need for Early Ambulatory Treatment of SARS-CoV2 Infection (COVID-19) |
McCullough, PA |
Antimicrob Agents Chemother |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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McMillan, J |
J Med Ethics |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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McMullen, B |
J Pastoral Care Counsel |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Chest tubes in COVID-19 times: a safe way to protect the team |
Medeiros, Bjdc, Westphal, et al |
Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Mejía Pérez, LK, Sharma, et al |
Gastrointest Endosc |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Coronavirus interactions with the cellular autophagy machinery |
Miller, K, McGrath, et al |
Autophagy |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Monti, S, Montecucco, et al |
Ann Rheum Dis |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Bioethical aspects of artificial intelligence: COVID-19 & end of life |
Motta, Ojrd, Silva, et al |
Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Zoonotic and Reverse Zoonotic Events of SARS-CoV-2 and their Impact on Global
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Munir, K, Ashraf, et al |
Emerg Microbes Infect |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Management of food insecurity in the COVID-19 pandemic: a model of sustainable
community development |
Narasri, P, Tantiprasoplap, et al |
Health Care Women Int |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Ethical dilemmas in COVID-19 times: how to decide who lives and who dies? |
Neves, Nmbc, Bitencourt, et al |
Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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PMC7293461; [Pit Crew approach in the care of patients with suspected coronavirus
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Nieto Caballero, S, Sánchez-Arévalo Morato, et al |
Aten Primaria |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Nilsen, P, Seing, et al |
Implement Sci Commun |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Olive, MM, Baldet, et al |
PLoS Negl Trop Dis |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Science of consciousness: reflections on the Pandemic by COVID-19 |
Osini, M, Reis, et al |
Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Özdemir, Ö |
mBio |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Ventilation mask adapted for endoscopy during the COVID-19 pandemic |
Paccos, JL, Lima, et al |
Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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[The response of the emergency system in the Umbria Region (Italy) during the COVID-19
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Paciullo, F, Borgognoni, et al |
G Ital Cardiol (Rome) |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Shifting Duties of Children's Hospitals During the COVID-19 Pandemic |
Paquette, ET, Derrington, et al |
J Hosp Med |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Pediatrics |
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Pegorari, MS, Matos, et al |
Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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The COVID-19 pandemic and colorectal cancer prevention: God tempers the wind to the shorn
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Pellisé, M |
Endoscopy |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Older People in the Context of COVID-19: A European Perspective |
Pentaris, P, Willis, et al |
J Gerontol Soc Work |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Peretz, PJ, Islam, et al |
N Engl J Med |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Cardiometabolic Traits, Sepsis and Severe COVID-19: A Mendelian Randomization
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Ponsford, MJ, Gkatzionis, et al |
Circulation |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Rentrop, V, Schneider, et al |
Int Arch Occup Environ Health |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Audio Interview: Eight Months of Action and Inaction against Covid-19 |
Rubin, EJ, Baden, et al |
N Engl J Med |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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As Their Numbers Grow, COVID-19 "Long Haulers" Stump Experts |
Rubin, R |
Jama |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Sahu, D, Rathod, et al |
J Shoulder Elbow Surg |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Multiple pregnancy in SARS-CoV-2 outbreak: the prenatal care challenge |
Santana, EFM, Elito Júnior, et al |
Einstein (Sao Paulo) |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Schwartz, JL |
N Engl J Med |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Unfolding of sickle cell trait by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection |
Sheha, D, El-Shayeb, et al |
Br J Haematol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Newborn care during the COVID-19 pandemic must adapt as evidence accumulates |
Shinwell, ES |
Acta Paediatr |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Impact of oral hygiene in patients undergoing mechanical ventilation in the COVID-19
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Silva, DHF, Camargos, et al |
Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Role of the renin-angiotensin system in the development of severe COVID-19 in hypertensive
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Silva-Aguiar, R, Peruchetti, et al |
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Online/Cyber Counseling Services in the COVID-19 Outbreak: Are They Really New? |
Situmorang, DDB |
J Pastoral Care Counsel |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Souza, CDF |
Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Development of a COVID-19 alternate care site from ground zero: A nursing perspective |
Stewart, T, Day, et al |
Public Health Nurs |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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SARS-CoV-2 and the possible connection to ERs, ACE2, and RAGE: Focus on susceptibility
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Stilhano, RS, Costa, et al |
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Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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The Lancet, Rheumatology |
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Nat Med |
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Topol, EJ |
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Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Appendix: Process and definitions.
A daily search for new publications is conducted in PubMed, Scopus,
BioRxiv and MedRxiv, SSRN,
Research Square,
arXiv for all publications related to COVID-19 disease or SARS-CoV-2 using the search terms (COVID-19 OR SARS-CoV-2
OR "novel CoV" OR "novel coronavirus" OR nCoV) adapted to each database. The capture is cross-referenced with publication announcements on the COVID-19 dashboards set up by a number of publishers and google. Publishers include
Lancet,
Elsevier,
The New England Journal of Medicine,
BMJ, Wiley,
Springer Nature, ChinaCDCweekly.
Additionally the database is cross-referenced with other literature scans e.g.
WHO publication list and activities by collaborators. Members of the Emerging Sciences group develop 1 -2 point summaries of each publication. Please email Lisa Waddell for additional information:
Lisa.Waddell@canada.ca.
References are compiled in a reworks database that has citations since the beginning of the outbreak. All references can be accessed at this
link and by the categories listed below. The daily scan has also been compiled in an excel sheet and copies can be provided upon request or
accessed
here.
Category Definitions:
Modelling/ prediction: Predictive modeling is a process that uses data mining and probability
to forecast outcomes. Each model is made up of a number of predictors, which are variables that are likely to influence future results.
Epidemiology:
the branch of medicine which deals with the incidence, distribution, and possible control of diseases and other factors relating to health. Includes Ro, attack rates, case number doubling time, case fatality
rate, serial interval, clinical attack rate, asymptomatic fraction, proportion of asymptomatic and infective*
Transmission: The passage of a pathogen causing communicable disease from an infected host
to an uninfected host via direct or indirect routes.
Clinical data
of cases: Includes clinical parameters such as incubation period, latent period, period of communicability, duration of illness, duration of hospitalization, host risk factors, as well as clinical profiles of patients; presenting symptoms, symptoms over
course of illness, sequelae, comorbidities.*
Surveillance: Public health surveillance is the continuous, systematic collection, analysis and
interpretation of health-related data. Surveillance data will likely be number of cases suspected/confirmed, number of deaths, number recovered. *
Coronavirology: All research relating to the virus; its characteristics, genetic make-up, phylogenetic
analyses
Diagnostics / Pathogen detection:
All studies on identification of the virus; culture, PCR, antibody/antigen tests etc.
Therapeutics:
Studies of substances that may be used to treat infected hosts including passive immunization products.
Vaccine Research:
Studies of vaccine candidates to prevent infection with 2019-nCoV including clinical trials.
Public Health Priorities:
These citations will focus on what the current research priorities are and/or where knowledge gaps exist.
Public Health interventions*:
Any study evaluating how effective a public health intervention is or maybe (in the case of a predictive model).
Public Health response:
These papers are typically overviews of past and current activities, they often also identify knowledge gaps and suggest future activities or objectives.
Infection Prevention and Control/
Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI): Any research on the effectiveness of IPC interventions should also be tagged as IPC
Health care Response:
This foci would include a description of activities to deal with 2019-nCoV cases including, but not limited to: set up of a special emergency multi-disciplinary intensive care team; Bed and medical equipment preparation/ stock piling supplies; Education
and training of staff; Early case recognition and classification of disease severity.
Economics: papers discussing/ forecasting the economics of COVID-19 pandemic.
Zoonotic:
all literature discussing the transmission to and from or occurrence of naturally acquired SARS-COV-2 infection in animals.
Review Literature:
All articles that summarize the published literature can be tagged as a review. This includes systematic review, meta-analysis, scoping review, overviews, umbrella reviews*
Commentary/Editorial:
For commentaries, editorials, letters to the editor, other types of opinion pieces where there is no new data collected by the author or analysis conducted by the author, please tag these within the commentary category.
News articles that have not scientific information.
*Lists are not exhaustive
Annexe: Processus et définitions.
Une recherche quotidienne des nouvelles publications est effectuée dans PubMed, Scopus,
BioRxiv and MedRxiv,
SSRN,
Research Square,
arXiv
pour toutes les publications relatives à la maladie COVID-19 ou au SRAS-CoV-2 en utilisant les termes de recherche (COVID-19 OU SARS-CoV-2 OU « novel CoV » OU « novel coronavirus » OU nCoV). La saisie renvoie à des annonces de publication
sur les tableaux de bord du nCoV mis en place par un certain nombre d'éditeurs et par Google. Parmi les éditeurs figurent
Lancet,
Elsevier,
The New England Journal of Medicine,
BMJ,
Wiley,
Springer Nature,
ChinaCDCweekly. En outre, la base de données renvoie à d'autres survols de publications, e.g.
la liste des publications de l'OMS,
et à des activités des collaborateurs. Les membres du groupe scientifique émergent préparent des résumés en 1 ou 2 points de chaque publication. Pour en savoir plus, veuillez envoyer un courriel à Lisa Waddell au :
Lisa.Waddell@canada.ca.
Les références sont compilées dans une base de données Refworks qui contient des citations depuis le début de l'épidémie. Toutes les références sont accessibles à partir de ce
lien et par les catégories énumérées ci-dessous. L'analyse quotidienne a également été compilée
dans une feuille Excel et des copies peuvent être fournies sur demande ou consultées
ici.
Définitions des catégories :
Modélisation / prédiction :
La modélisation prédictive est un processus qui utilise l'exploration de données et la probabilité pour prévoir les résultats. Chaque modèle est composé de plusieurs prédicteurs, qui sont des variables susceptibles d'influencer les résultats futurs.
Épidémiologie :
Branche de la médecine qui traite de l'incidence, de la répartition et du contrôle éventuel des maladies et d'autres facteurs liés à la santé. Comprend le taux de reproduction de base (Ro),
les taux d'attaque, le temps de doublement du nombre de cas, le taux de létalité, l'intervalle sériel, le taux d'attaque clinique, la fraction asymptomatique, la proportion de cas asymptomatiques et infectieux*.
Transmission :
Passage d'un agent pathogène causant une maladie transmissible d'un hôte infecté à un hôte non infecté par des voies directes ou indirectes.
Données cliniques
des cas : Comprend les paramètres cliniques tels que la période d'incubation, la période de latence, la période de contagiosité, la durée de la maladie, la durée de l'hospitalisation, les facteurs de risque de l'hôte, ainsi que les profils
cliniques des patients; les symptômes présentés, les symptômes au cours de la maladie, les séquelles, les comorbidités.*
Surveillance : La surveillance
de la santé publique est la collecte, l'analyse et l'interprétation continues et systématiques de données relatives à la santé. Les données de surveillance concerneront probablement le nombre de cas suspects / confirmés, le nombre de décès, le nombre de personnes
guéries. *
Coronavirologie : Toutes les recherches relatives
au virus, ses caractéristiques, sa constitution génétique et les analyses phylogénétiques.
Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes :
Toutes les études sur l'identification du virus : culture, PCR, tests de dépistage d'anticorps ou d’antigènes, etc.
Thérapeutique :
Étude des substances pouvant être utilisées pour traiter les hôtes infectés, y compris les produits d'immunisation passive.
Recherche sur les vaccins : Études des candidats à la
vaccination pour prévenir l'infection par le 2019-nCoV, y compris des essais cliniques.
Priorités de santé publique :
Ces citations porteront sur les priorités actuelles de recherche et/ou sur les lacunes dans les connaissances.
Interventions de santé publique* :
Toute étude évaluant l'efficacité (réelle ou possible) d'une intervention de santé publique (dans le cas d'un modèle prédictif).
Réponse de la santé publique :
Ces articles sont généralement des aperçus des activités passées et actuelles, qui identifient souvent les lacunes dans les connaissances et suggèrent des activités ou des objectifs futurs.
Prévention et contrôle des infections/Infection Prevention and Control (PCI/IPAC) :
Les recherches sur l'efficacité des interventions en PCI doivent également être marquées comme PCI.
Réponse des soins de santé :
Ce point comprendrait une description des activités pour traiter les cas de 2019-nCoV, notamment : mise en place d'une équipe multidisciplinaire spéciale de soins intensifs d'urgence; préparation des lits et des équipements médicaux
/ stockage des fournitures; sensibilisation et formation du personnel; reconnaissance précoce des cas et classification de la gravité de la maladie.
Modèle animal:
Zoonotic:
all literature discussing the transmission to and from or occurrence of naturally acquired SARS-COV-2 infection in animals.
Économie:
documents discutant / prévoyant l'économie de la pandémie de COVID-19
Revue de la documentation :
Tous les articles qui résument les documents publiés peuvent être marqués comme une revue. Cela comprend les revues systématiques, les méta-analyses, les études de la portée, les aperçus, les examens généraux*.
Commentaires/Éditorial :
Pour les commentaires, éditoriaux, lettres à la rédaction, autres types d'articles d'opinion pour lesquels aucune nouvelle donnée n'est collectée ou aucune analyse n'est effectuée par l'auteur, veuillez les marquer dans la catégorie des
commentaires.
journaux
Articles de presse qui n'ont pas d'informations scientifiques.
* Les listes ne sont pas exhaustives