Subject: Daily Scan of COVID-19 Scientific Publications / survol journalier des publications scientifiques du COVID-19, 2020-09-24
Good morning,
There are 186 citations in today’s scan. 103 were considered primary research or review literature.
Highlights today include:
CANADA
·
Bai
et al in their multi-centric point-prevalence study in Hamilton, Ontario, evaluated the utility of SARS-CoV-2 testing of asymptomatic patients and tested 125 inpatients. 5 patients (4.0%) had fever and 3 patients (2.4%) had respiratory symptoms
at the time of their test. Found only 1 patient (0.8%) positive for SARS-CoV-2. The study suggests the minimal utility of asymptomatic testing in hospitalized patients compared to symptom screening.
PUBLIC HEALTH INTERVENTION
·
Narayanan, et al.
model social distancing as a function of county-level exogenous demographic variables and jurisdictional fixed effects for 49 states to assess the relative contributions of demographic and jurisdictional effects in explaining social distancing behavior.
The increased variance of stay-at-home behavior coupled with the high level of spatial dependence can result in relatively intense hotspots and coldspots of social distance, which has implications for disease spread and mitigation.
·
Oehmke, et al.
provide a proof of concept of the creation of surveillance metrics that correct for measurement error and data contamination to determine when it is safe to ease pandemic restrictions. Dynamic panel data models can inform this reopening in combination
with the extraction of COVID-19 data from existing websites.
TRANSMISSION
·
Ridgway
and Robicsek conducted a retrospective case-control study to determine if emergency department (ED) co-location with Covid-19 patients is associated with Covid-19 acquisition. There was no difference between cases and controls in the number of ED
Covid-19 patients or in length of time co-locating with Covid-19 patients in the ED. Their findings suggest that SARS-CoV-2 transmission occurs uncommonly in EDs.
IPAC
·
Ruetalo et al evaluated the efficiency of UV-C irradiation to inactivate surface dried SARS-CoV-2. Short exposure of high titer surface dried virus (3*10^6
IU/ml) with UV-C light (0.66 mJ/cm²) resulted in a total reduction of SARS CoV-2 infectivity.
·
Augebbraun et al
report a framework for estimating the risk of transmitting SARS-CoV-2 via aerosols in laboratory and office settings, based on an exponential dose-response model and analysis of air flow and purification in typical heating, ventilation, and air conditioning
(HVAC) systems. Recommend that, for environments where fewer than five individuals significantly overlap, work spaces should remain vacant for between one (high-circulation HVAC with HEPA filtration) to six (low-circulation HVAC with no filtration) air exchange
times before a new worker enters in order to maintain no more than 1% chance of infection over six months of operation in the workplace.
EPIDEMIOLOGY
·
Macaya et al.
explored the association of vitamin D deficiency (VDD) with a composite of adverse clinical outcomes. The authors included 80 patients, of which 31 (39 %) presented the endpoint. VDD tended to predict an increased risk of developing severe COVID-19 after
adjusting for age, gender, obesity, cardiac disease, and kidney disease. Age had a negative interaction with VDD's effect on the composite outcome (p = 0.03), indicating that the effect was more noticeable at younger ages. Furthermore, the male gender was
associated with VDD and with severe COVID-19 at younger ages
CLINICAL DATA
·
Foresti et al.
report on 17 cases of GBS among 1832 COVID-19 patients hospitalized between February 23 and May 1, 2020 at a single hospital in Bergamo, Italy. The interval between SARS-Cov-2 diagnosis and maximum weakness was 12 hours to 28 days.
ZOONOSES
·
Perise-Barrios et al
studied forty dogs with pulmonary pathologies to detect canine pathogens, including SARS-CoV-2. All dogs were negative for SARS-CoV-2 but five healthy and one pathological dog presented IgG against SARS-CoV-2. Their findings suggest that even in the
case of a canine infection transmission would be unlikely.
·
Fritz et al in a preprint study report high seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, ranging from 21% to 53% among 47 dogs and cats tested in southern France. Seroprevalence
among pets, sampled between June 7-12, 2020, was higher in households with SARS-CoV-2 infected people, diagnosed between March 1 and April 25, 2020, compared to those with owners of unknown status. At time of sampling, all pets were healthy.
·
Shapira et al
present evidence that population differences in alpha‐1 antitrypsin deficiency allele frequencies may partially explain national differences in the COVID‐19 epidemiology. They found a significant positive correlation between the combined frequencies
of the alpha‐1 antitrypsin PiZ and PiS deficiency alleles in 67 countries and their reported COVID‐19 mortality rates.
CORONAVIROLOGY
·
Zhang et al
study the similarities and differences of the spike glycoprotein between the bat coronavirus, pangolin coronavirus and SARs-CoV-2. They found the pangolin coronavirus is more closely related to SARs-CoV-2 in binding the human ACE2 receptor and supporting
pseudovirus cell entry. They also indicate that strong RBD-ACE2 binding and efficient RBD conformational sampling are required for the evolution of SARs-CoV-2 to gain highly efficient infection.
PUBLIC HEALTH RESPONSE
·
Vanderbruggen et al investigated changes in alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis consumption before and during COVID-19 lockdown and motives for these changes in substance
use. Overall, respondents reported consuming more alcohol and smoking more cigarettes than before the COVID-19 pandemic, while no significant changes in the consumption of cannabis were noted. Boredom, lack of social contacts, loss of daily structure, reward
after a hard-working day, loneliness, and conviviality were the main reasons for consuming more of the various substances.
Regards,
Lisa Waddell, Tricia Corrin, Rukshanda Ahmad, Robyn Odell, Maribeth Mitri, Julie Theriault, Dobrila Todoric, Alejandra Dubois, Christina Bancej, Austyn Baumeister, Anam Khan, Musaab Younis, Lien Mi Tien, Dima Ayache, Angela Sloan, Kaitlin
Young, Chatura Prematunge, Ainsley Otten, Irene Yong, Drew Greydanus, Shalane Ha, Alex Gilbert, Jessie Varga, Vanessa Zubach, Meenu Sharma, Kristyn Burak
Focus areas: Modelling/ prediction, Epidemiology, Transmission, Clinical data, Surveillance, Coronavirology, Diagnostics / Pathogen detection, Therapeutics,
Vaccine Research, Public health interventions, Public Health response, Public Health Priorities, IPAC, Health care response, immunology, economics, animal model, zoonoses, Review Literature, Commentary/Editorial, news
Domaines cibles: Modélisation/prédiction, Épidémiologie, Transmission, Données cliniques, Surveillance, Coronavirologie, Diagnostics
/ Détection d'agents pathogènes, Thérapeutique, Recherche sur les vaccins, Interventions de santé publique, Priorités de santé publique, PCI,
Réponse des soins de santé, immunologie, économie, modèle animal, zoonoses, Revue de littérature, Commentaire/Éditorial, journaux
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PUBLICATIONS |
AUTHORS / AUTEURS |
SOURCE |
FOCI / DOMAINE |
SUMMARY / SOMMAIRE |
Theoretical insights into the anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity of chloroquine and its analogs and insilico screening of main protease inhibitors |
A, SA, V, et al |
J Proteome Res |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
The antimalarial drugs can inhibit the viral protease, called chymotrypsin-like cysteine protease also known as Main
protease (3CLpro), hence this study examined the binding efficiencies of 4-aminoquinoline and 8-aminoquinoline analogs of chloroquine. Six compounds furnished better binding energies than chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine. The interactions with the active
site residues especially with Cys145 and His41, make these compounds as potent main protease inhibitors. A regression model correlating binding energy and the molecular descriptors for chloroquine analogs was generated with R2=0.9039 and Q2= 0.8848. This model
was used to screen new analogs of primaquine and molecules from Asinex compound library. The docking and regression analysis showed these analogs to be more potent inhibitors of 3CLpro than hydroxychloroquine and primaquine. |
|
CCBlock: An Effective Use of Deep Learning for Automatic Diagnosis of COVID-19 Using X-Ray
Images |
Al-Bawi, Ali |
arXiv |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes |
Based on the enhancement of the classical visual geometry group (VGG) network with the convolutional COVID block (CCBlock), this study proposes an efficient
screening model to diagnose and distinguish patients with the COVID-19 from those with pneumonia and the healthy people through radiography. The model testing dataset included 1,828 x-ray images available on public platforms. 310 images were showing confirmed
COVID-19 cases, 864 images indicating pneumonia cases, and 654 images showing healthy people. According to the test results, enhancing the classical VGG network with radiography provided the highest diagnosis performance and overall accuracy of 98.52% for
two classes as well as accuracy of 95.34% for three classes. |
|
Elevated Eosinophil Count Is Related With Lower Anti-Factor Xa Activity
In COVID-19 Patients |
Ari, Selma, Can, et al |
Research Square prepub |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
This study prospectively evaluated the factors influencing anti-Factor Xa activity in 80 COVID-19 patients receiving low molecular weight heparin (LMWH).
LMWH (enoxaparin) was applied according to the weight, D-dimer levels, and clinical condition of patients. Anti-Factor Xa activity in blood, drawn 4h after the 3rd dose of LMWH, were measured and a activity of 4%, 6 were in group 1 ((6/13) 46.2%) while 8 were
in group 2 ((8/63) 11.9%); (p=0.009), and all had a D-dimer level <1µg/mL (p=0.03). ROC analysis for the presence of anticoagulation at subprophylactic level revealed an area under curve of 0.79 (95% CI:0.64-0.93); p=0.001). concluded that the elevated eosinophil
count is related to lower anti-factor Xa activity in patients with COVID-19 receiving LMWH. |
|
Augenbraun, BL, Lasner, et al |
J Occup Environ Hyg |
Transmission Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI) |
This study reports a framework for estimating the risk of transmitting SARS-CoV-2 via aerosols in laboratory and office settings, based on an exponential
dose-response model and analysis of air flow and purification in typical heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems. High-circulation HVAC systems with high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filtration dramatically reduce exposure to the virus
in indoor settings, and surgical masks or N95 respirators further reduce exposure. Recommends that environments where fewer than five individuals significantly overlap, work spaces should remain vacant for between one (high-circulation HVAC with HEPA filtration)
to six (low-circulation HVAC with no filtration) air exchange times before a new worker enters in order to maintain no more than 1% chance of infection over six months of operation in the workplace. |
|
|
Bai, AD, Li, et al |
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
This multicenter point-prevalence study was conducted to evaluate the utility of severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) testing of asymptomatic |
|
|
Bellini, P, Checchi, et al |
Minerva Stomatol |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
This study investigated the behavior of Italian dentists and analyzed their reactions in relation to Sars-CoV-2 pandemic
professional restrictive measures. To assess concerns and psychological responses the sample of 1109 dentists was divided into two groups based on the number of cases registered in their work area. The 45.2% of the respondents showed minimal anxiety, 34.5%
showed mild anxiety, 13.9% showed moderate anxiety, while 6.4% showed a score indicative of a severe level of anxiety. |
|
|
Borrelli, E, Grosso, et al |
Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
This study quantified the shrinking in outpatient and intravitreal injections' volumes in a tertiary referral retina
unit secondary to virus causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In the 2020 study period, patients decreased to 75 (48 males, 27 females; P = 0.022 comparing gender prevalence between the two periods) with an overall reduction of 75.2%. Mean ± SD age
was 71.4 ± 14.3 years (range 25-93 years) in the 2019 study period and 66.7 ± 13.1 years (range 32-91 years) in the 2020 study period (P = 0.005). The largest drop in outpatient volume was recorded in AMD patients (- 79.9%). Regarding the intravitreal treatments,
there were 1252 injections in the 2019 period and 583 injections in the 2020 period (- 53.6% in injections). The drop in intravitreal treatments was larger in patients with posterior uveitis, retinal vein occlusion, and diabetes (- 85.7%, - 61.9%, and - 59.6%,
respectively). |
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Bridgland, Victoria, Moeck, et al |
bioRxiv |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
Among a sample of online participants ( N = 1,040) in five western countries, we found participants had PTSD-like symptoms
for events that had not happened and when participants had been directly (e.g., contact with virus) or indirectly exposed to COVID-19 (e.g., via media). Moreover, 13.2% of our sample were likely PTSD-positive, despite types of COVID-19 “exposure” (e.g., lockdown)
not fitting DSM-5 criteria. The emotional impact of “worst” experienced/anticipated events best predicted PTSD-like symptoms. Our findings add to existing literature supporting a pathogenic event memory model of traumatic stress. |
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Inflammatory phenotyping predicts clinical
outcome in COVID-19 |
Burke, H, Freeman, et al |
Respir Res |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We used a multiplex cytokine assay to measure serum IL-6, IL-8, TNF, IL-1β, GM-CSF, IL-10, IL-33 and IFN-γ in 100 hospitalised
patients with confirmed COVID-19 at admission to University Hospital Southampton (UK). Demographic, clinical and outcome data were collected for analysis. Age > 70 years was the strongest predictor of death (OR 28, 95% CI 5.94, 139.45). IL-6, IL-8, TNF, IL-1β
and IL-33 were significantly associated with adverse outcome. Clinical parameters were predictive of poor outcome (AUROC 0.71), addition of a combined cytokine panel significantly improved the predictability (AUROC 0.85). In those ≤70 years, IL-33 and TNF
were predictive of poor outcome (AUROC 0.83 and 0.84), addition of a combined cytokine panel demonstrated greater predictability of poor outcome than clinical parameters alone (AUROC 0.92 vs 0.77). |
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Clinical Spectrum of COVID-19 in a
Pediatric Mexican Population |
Bustos-Cordova, Edgar |
Research Square prepub |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
In this study, we aimed to describe a broader clinical spectrum of COVID-19 in children. We analyzed 50 patients with
COVID-19. From the evaluated signs and symptoms, the most common symptoms were fever, irritability and dry cough, digestive symptoms were frequently found (24%), and the most common signs were pharyngeal hyperemia and irritability. |
|
Carbone, F, Palaia, et al |
Tumori |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We report a case of a 41-year-old woman with FIGO (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics) stage IV
ovarian cancer with pleural and pulmonary spread. After primary cytoreduction was performed, she developed a high fever and worsening dyspnea with desaturation (92% in ambient air). Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection was
suspected, but three swabs gave negative results. Computed tomographic scan showed radiologic imaging strongly suspect for COVID-19 and the patient was transferred to a COVID-19 ward. The final diagnosis was paraneoplastic fever. |
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Google COVID-19 community mobility reports: insights from multi-criteria decision making |
Cavalcante da Silvaa, Gabriela, Oliveirab, et al |
arXiv |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
In this work, we discuss how measures developed in the field of multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) might benefit
researchers analyzing this data. Concretely, we discuss how Pareto dominance and performance measures adopted in MCDM enable the mobility evaluation for (i) multiple categories for a given time period and (ii) multiple categories over multiple time periods.
To empirically demonstrate the proposed approach, we have conducted both a region- and a country-level analysis on mobility reduction rates from localities in different continents. Specifically, we have demonstrated that place categories, aggregation measures,
and seasonality approaches interact, and that a coarse temporal discretization conceals dynamics that are critical to SD monitoring. |
|
Choi, Byung Jin, Koo, et al |
Research Square prepub |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
Using 447,632 patients and 1,040,752 electrocardiograms, we investigated the risk of QT prolongation due to drug-drug
interactions (DDIs) between hydroxychloroquine and 118 concurrent drugs frequently used in real-world practice. In the analysis, we observed that 11 drugs (trimebutine, tacrolimus, tramadol, rosuvastatin, ciclosporin, sulfasalazine, rofecoxib, diltiazem, piperacillin/tazobactam,
and isoniazid) show DDIs with hydroxychloroquine in the direction of QT prolongation. |
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|
Dai, Jinfen, Hu, et al |
Research Square prepub |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We mean to investigate the clinical characteristics of gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with severe coronavirus
disease (COVID-19). Methods: Nineteen severe COVID-19 patients with gastrointestinal bleeding were retrospectively studied. Clinical data, including medical history, symptoms, laboratory characteristics, and treatment, were collected and analyzed. We also
compared the characteristics of patients with different degrees of bleeding. Results: Most patients (89.4%) had no history of gastrointestinal bleeding. The most common presentation of gastrointestinal bleeding was a positive fecal occult blood test (15/19
cases, 78.9%). Fifteen patients (78.9%) did not require blood transfusion. Five of 15 patients (33%) received anticoagulants and antiplatelet drugs before gastrointestinal bleeding in the mild bleeding group, and 2/4 (50%) in the severe bleeding group. Four
of 15 patients (27%) died in the mild bleeding group and no patients died in the severe bleeding group. |
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|
Dane, B, Smereka, et al |
AJR Am J Roentgenol |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
The purpose of this article is to describe arterial and venous thromboembolism in the abdomen, pelvis, and lower extremities
in patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Eighty-two patients with COVID-19 who underwent abdominal ultrasound or CT were retrospectively compared with 82 patients without COVID-19 for thromboembolism and solid-organ infarction. Nine (11%) patients
with COVID-19 had thromboembolic findings, with medium to large arterial thrombi in five. One patient without COVID-19 had known portal vein thrombus on CT. Thromboembolic findings occurred more frequently in patients with than without COVID-19 (p = 0.02). |
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Dimcheff, DE, Schildhouse, et al |
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Immunology | Immunologie |
The seroprevalence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-COV-2) IgG antibody was evaluated among
employees of a Veterans Affairs Healthcare System to assess potential risk factors for transmission and infection. METHODS: All employees were invited to participate in a questionnaire and serological survey to detect antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 M protein as
part of a facility-wide quality improvement and infection prevention initiative regardless of clinical or non-clinical duties. The initiative was conducted from June 8 to July 8, 2020. RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences in the presence
of antibody based on gender, age, frontline worker status, job title, performance of aerosol generating procedures or exposure to known patients with coronavirus infectious disease 2019 (COVID-19) within the hospital. Employees who reported exposure to a known
COVID-19 case outside of work had a significantly higher seroprevalence at 14.84% compared to those that did not. Notably, 29% of seropositive employees reported no history of symptoms for SARS-CoV-2 infection. |
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Dragovic, M, Pascu, et al |
Australas Psychiatry |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
This study aimed to examine whether emergency departments (EDs) also recorded a rise in mental health presentations.
METHOD: Changes in the number, and type, of mental health presentations to Western Australia EDs were examined between January and May 2020, and compared to 2019. RESULTS: Data showed an unexpected decrease in the number of mental health presentations, compared
to 2019, which was temporally coincident with the rise in local COVID-19 cases. Presentations for anxiety and panic symptoms, and social and behavioural issues, increased by 11.1% and 6.5%, respectively, but suicidal and self-harm behaviours decreased by 26%. |
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Effati-Daryani, F, Zarei, et al |
BMC Psychol |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
this study was conducted to determine the status of depression, stress, anxiety and their predictors in Iranian pregnant
women during the outbreak of COVID-19. METHODS: This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was performed on 205 pregnant women covered by Tabriz health centers in Iran. The data collection tool was the socio-demographic characteristics questionnaire
and the DASS-21 (Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21), which were completed online by pregnant women. RESULTS: Depression, stress, and anxiety symptoms were observed in 32.7, 32.7, and 43.9% of the participants, respectively, with varying degrees from
mild to very severe. Based on the adjusted general linear model, variables of education level, spouse's job and marital life satisfaction were the predictors of depressive symptoms. Variables of spouse's education level, spouse's support, marital life satisfaction
and the number of pregnancies were the predictive factors of anxiety symptoms and the variables of spouse's education level, household income sufficiency, spouse's support and marital life satisfaction were predictors of stress symptoms. |
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El-Awaisi, A, O'Carroll, et al |
J Interprof Care |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
The aim of this study was to use social listening technique to explore unfiltered public perceptions of the professionals
involved in healthcare teams during the COVID-19 pandemic, in a naturalistic online setting, and to elaborate on the emotional reactions in response to an online social media post. A cross-sectional retrospective review of comments on a specific social media
post was conducted between 15 March and 28 April 2020 using summative content analysis. One image that was widely circulated on social media platforms with two questions: 'Who society thinks works at hospital? versus who really works at hospitals?' was selected.
Three platforms were searched, Facebook®, Twitter®, and LinkedIn®. Only publicly available posts were included. Of the emerging nine themes, perceptions of who is in the team was the largest (40.5%, n = 639), followed by agreement (23.1%, n = 364) and feeling
excluded (16.2%, n = 255). Of emotional expressions, 42.1% were positive and 57.9% negative. The most frequent emotions were frustration (54.4%, n = 857) followed by gratitude (16.3%, n = 257) and relief (15.9%, n = 250). |
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Esmail, S, Danter, et al |
Stem Cells Transl Med |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
The primary purpose of this research project was to evaluate the DeepNEU stem-cell based platform by creating and validating
computer simulations of artificial lung cells infected with SARS-CoV-2 to enable the rapid identification of antiviral therapeutic targets and drug repurposing. The data generated from this project indicate that (a) human alveolar type lung cells can be simulated
by DeepNEU (v5.0), (b) these simulated cells can then be infected with simulated SARS-CoV-2 virus, (c) the unsupervised learning system performed well in all simulations based on available published wet lab data, and (d) the platform identified potentially
effective anti-SARS-CoV2 combinations of known drugs for urgent clinical study. The data also suggest that DeepNEU can identify potential therapeutic targets for expedited vaccine development. |
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Fahrner, René, Bähler, et al |
Research Square prepub |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
The aim of this investigation was to provide the impact of the COVID-19 lock-down on the presentations of patients
in an interdisciplinary emergency department (ED). In total, 7,072 patients were included in the final analysis. During the lock-down period, the number of ED presentations significantly decreased by 29% in comparison to the control period in the previous
year (p<0.0001). The analysis of the time course revealed that in each week, the number of patients was lower, with a 13% to 43% reduction. Irrespective of the medical specialty, the number of presentations decreased during the COVID-19 situation, whereas
this decrease was higher in surgical diseases (31%, p<0.0001) than in non-surgical presentations (3.6%, p=0.4). |
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Feng, Shihui, Kirkley, et al |
arXiv |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
Here, we analyze around 13 million geotagged tweets in 49 cities across the US from the first few months of the pandemic
to assess regional dependence in online sentiments with respect to a few major topics, and how these sentiments correlate with policy development and human mobility. Surprisingly, we observe universal trends in overall and topic-based sentiments across cities
over the time period studied, with variability primarily seen only in the immediate impact of federal guidelines and local lockdown policies. We also find that these local sentiments are highly correlated with and predictive of city-level mobility, while the
correlations between sentiments and local cases and deaths are relatively weak. Our findings point to widespread commonalities in the online public emotional responses to COVID across the US, both temporally and relative to offline indicators, in contrast
with the high variability seen in early local containment policies. |
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Impact of COVID-19 on Life Experiences of Essential Workers Attending a Dental Testing
Facility |
Fontana, M, McCauley, et al |
JDR Clin Trans Res |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique Healthcare Response | Réponse
des soins de santé |
OBJECTIVES: 1) To compare the impact of COVID-19 on the life experiences of essential workers attending a COVID-19
antibody testing clinic at a dental school. 2) To compare responses of dental, non-dental health care, and non-health care essential workers. 3) To assess acceptability/satisfaction of testing done in a dental setting. METHOD: A total of 984 participants completed
a self-administered online questionnaire. RESULTS: Over 90% were healthy (i.e., not in a high-risk health-related group for COVID-19), did not have COVID-19 symptoms within 30 d, and always/frequently engaged in preventive measures. Fifty-eight percent thought
that they had a 0% to 25% chance of having immunity/antibodies to COVID-19. Non-dental health care workers thought that their chance was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than others. Over 70% were sometimes, frequently, or always worried about their friends
and loved ones getting COVID-19 and of resulting financial problems. Dental workers were significantly less afraid than non-dental health care and non-health care providers. For all groups, more than half of the respondents stated that the pandemic had a negative
(somewhat worse or worse) impact on daily life (59%), interactions with others (65%), stress levels (66%), and enjoyment of life (56%). There were significant differences among all 3 groups regarding the percentage of individuals with a negative impact on
job security (dental, 47%; non-dental health care, 34%; non-health care, 31%). However, more than half of the respondents stated that the pandemic had a positive impact (same, somewhat better, or much better) on caring about one another, self-care, and exercise.
Knowing the results of an antibody test would decrease the level of stress and anxiety in 67% of respondents. Over 80% found a COVID-19 test received in a dental setting acceptable, were "definitely" satisfied, and would "definitely" recommend it to a friend,
family, or coworker. CONCLUSIONS: These findings support that dental workers are as vulnerable as other essential workers to threats and psychological impacts of COVID-19. They also support the acceptability and satisfaction of testing for a pandemic done
in a dental setting. KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER STATEMENT: The results of this study highlight the impact that pandemics such as COVID-19 can have on life experiences of essential workers, including dentists. It also highlights a role that dentistry can play within
the broader health care system, during and beyond the current pandemic, to help with surveillance efforts of community health. Testing may also help alleviate stress and anxiety associated with these pandemics. |
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COVID-19 provoking Guillain-Barrè Syndrome: the Bergamo case series |
Foresti, C, Servalli, et al |
Eur J Neurol |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Foresti et al report a research letter on 17 cases of Guillian Barré Syndrome (GBS), all meeting Brighton criteria
level 1 or 2, among 1,832 COVID-19 patients hospitalized between February 23 and May 21, 2020 at a single hospital in Bergamo, Italy. The interval between SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis and maximum weakness was 12 hours to 28 days. SARS-CoV-2 was negative
in the 4 patients who had cerebrospinal fluid tested for the virus. Only 3 cases of GBS were admitted to the same hospital during the same period in 2019. |
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High prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in pets from
COVID-19+ households |
Fritz, Matthieu, Rosolen, et al |
bioRxiv |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Immunology | Immunologie zoonoses |
In a survey of household cats and dogs of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients, we found a high seroprevalence of
SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, ranging from 21% to 53%, depending on the positivity criteria chosen. Seropositivity was significantly greater among pets from COVID-19+ households compared to those with owners of unknown status. Our results highlight the potential
role of pets in the spread of the epidemic.Competing Interest StatementThe authors have declared no competing interest. |
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Patient Trajectories Among Persons Hospitalized for COVID-19 : A Cohort Study |
Garibaldi, BT, Fiksel, et al |
Ann Intern Med |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
This study aimed to determine the factors on hospital admission that are predictive of severe disease or death from
COVID-19. This retrospective cohort analysis included 832 consecutive COVID-19 admissions from 4 March to 24 April 2020. Median patient age was 64 years (range, 1 to 108 years); 47% were women, 40% were Black, 16% were Latinx, and 21% were nursing home residents.
Among all patients, 131 (16%) died and 694 (83%) were discharged (523 63%] had mild to moderate disease and 171 20%] had severe disease). Of deaths, 66 (50%) were nursing home residents. Of 787 patients admitted with mild to moderate disease, 302 (38%) progressed
to severe disease or death: 181 (60%) by day 2 and 238 (79%) by day 4. Patients had markedly different probabilities of disease progression on the basis of age, nursing home residence, comorbid conditions, obesity, respiratory symptoms, respiratory rate, fever,
absolute lymphocyte count, hypoalbuminemia, troponin level, and C-reactive protein level and the interactions among these factors. Using only factors present on admission, a model to predict in-hospital disease progression had an area under the curve of 0.85,
0.79, and 0.79, at day 2, 4, and 7, respectively. |
|
Gemici, Yagmur Inalkac, Tasci, et al |
Research Square prepub |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
In this report, we present a patient with SARS-CoV-2 who presented with ataxia and dizziness as the clinical symptoms
of MERS, which is a rare clinical phenomenon and can be caused by numerous etiologies. |
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Derivation and Validation of a Predictive Score for Disease Worsening in Patients with
COVID-19 |
Gerotziafas, GT, Sergentanis, et al |
Thromb Haemost |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Clinical data| Données cliniques Healthcare
Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
Authors discuss the prospective observational cohort study COMPASS-COVID-19 which aimed to develop a risk assessment
model for early identification of hospitalized COVID-19 patients at risk for worsening disease. The COMPASS-COVID-19 score is an accurate clinical decision-making tool for an easy identification of COVID-19 patients being at high risk for disease worsening. |
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Ghio, S, Baldi, et al |
Intern Emerg Med |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of cardiac involvement and of respiratory failure in a cohort of COVID-19
patients hospitalized in an academic hospital in Lombardy, Italy. Cardiac involvement at presentation was associated with poor prognosis in COVID-19 patients, but, even in a population of COVID-19 patients who did not require invasive ventilation at hospital
admission, mortality was mainly driven by older age and respiratory failure. |
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Giani, Paolo, Castruccio, et al |
The Lancet Planetary Health |
Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique |
BackgroundExposure to poor air quality leads to increased premature mortality from cardiovascular and respiratory diseases.
Among the far-reaching implications of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, a substantial improvement in air quality was observed worldwide after the lockdowns imposed by many countries. We aimed to assess the implications of different lockdown measures on air pollution
levels in Europe and China, as well as the short-term and long-term health impact. |
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Gong, X, Han, et al |
JMIR Public Health Surveill |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
This study aimed to use online search data (Baidu Index) to monitor the public's attention and verify internet search
engines' function in public attention monitoring of public health emergencies. The public was more sensitive to the daily new case data that represents the progress of the epidemic, but the public's attention to the epidemic situation in other areas may lag
behind. |
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A machine learning algorithm to increase COVID-19 inpatient diagnostic capacity |
Goodman-Meza, D, Rudas, et al |
PLoS One |
Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes |
The authors' aim was to develop and evaluate a machine learning algorithm to diagnose COVID-19 in the inpatient setting.
This ensemble machine learning algorithm to diagnose COVID-19 has the potential to be used as a screening tool in hospital settings where PCR testing is scarce or unavailable. |
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An Online Automatic Corona Diagnose System Based on Chest X-ray Images |
Gougeh, Reza Amini |
Research Square prepub |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection
d'agents pathogènes |
An outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 shocked healthcare systems around the world. It began in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, and
spread out in over 120 countries in less than three months. Imaging technologies helped in COVID-19 fast and reliable diagnosis. CT-Scan and X-ray imaging are popular methods. This study is focused on X-ray imaging, concerning limitations in small cities to
access CT-Scan and its costs. Using deep learning models helps to diagnose precisely and quickly. We aimed to design an online system based on deep learning, which reports lung engagement with the disease, patient status, and therapeutic guidelines. Our objective
was to relieve pressure on radiologists and minimize the interval between imaging and diagnosing. VGG19, VGG16, InceptionV3, and ResNet50 were evaluated to be considered as the main code of the online diagnosing system. VGG16, with 98.92% accuracy, achieved
the best score. VGG19 performed quite similarly to VGG16. VGG19, InceptionV3 and ResNet50 obtained 98.90, 71.79 and 28.27 subsequently. |
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PMC7360954; Coinfections with SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory pathogens |
Hazra, A, Collison, et al |
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Brief report describing co-infections between SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory pathogens at a large urban medical center
in Chicago, Illinois. |
|
Jacobs, W, Lammens, et al |
ESC Heart Fail |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
AIMS: Cardiovascular complications, including myocarditis, are observed in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Major
cardiac involvement is a potentially lethal feature in severe cases. We sought to describe the underlying pathophysiological mechanism in COVID-19 lethal cardiogenic shock. METHODS AND RESULTS: We report on a 48-year-old male COVID-19 patient with cardiogenic
shock; despite extracorporeal life support, dialysis, and massive pharmacological support, this rescue therapy was not successful. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 RNA was detected at autopsy in the lungs and myocardium. Histopathological examination
revealed diffuse alveolar damage, proliferation of type II pneumocytes, lymphocytes in the lung interstitium, and pulmonary microemboli. Moreover, patchy muscular, sometimes perivascular, interstitial mononuclear inflammatory infiltrates, dominated by lymphocytes,
were seen in the cardiac tissue. The lymphocytes 'interlocked' the myocytes, resulting in myocyte degeneration and necrosis. Predominantly, T-cell lymphocytes with a CD4:CD8 ratio of 1.7 infiltrated the interstitial myocardium, reflecting true myocarditis.
The myocardial tissue was examined for markers of ferroptosis, an iron-catalysed form of regulated cell death that occurs through excessive peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Immunohistochemical staining with E06, a monoclonal antibody binding to
oxidized phosphatidylcholine (reflecting lipid peroxidation during ferroptosis), was positive in morphologically degenerating and necrotic cardiomyocytes adjacent to the infiltrate of lymphocytes, near arteries, in the epicardium and myocardium. A similar
ferroptosis signature was present in the myocardium of a COVID-19 subject without myocarditis. In a case of sudden death due to viral myocarditis of unknown aetiology, however, immunohistochemical staining with E06 was negative. The renal proximal tubuli stained
positively for E06 and also hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), a reactive breakdown product of the lipid peroxides that execute ferroptosis. In the case of myocarditis of other aetiology, the renal tissue displayed no positivity for E06 or 4-HNE. CONCLUSIONS: The findings
in this case are unique as this is the first report on accumulated oxidized phospholipids (or their breakdown products) in myocardial and renal tissue in COVID-19. This highlights ferroptosis, proposed to detrimentally contribute to some forms of ischaemia-reperfusion
injury, as a detrimental factor in COVID-19 cardiac damage and multiple organ failure. |
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Hypoxemia Index Associated with Prehospital Intubation in COVID-19 Patients |
Jouffroy, R, Kedzierewicz, et al |
J Clin Med |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Here we investigated the association between a prehospital Hypoxemia Index (HI) and the need for intubation among COVID-19
patients in the prehospital setting. We retrospectively analyzed 300 consecutive COVID-19 patients initially cared for by a Paris Fire Brigade advanced life support (ALS) team in the prehospital setting between 8th March and 18th April of 2020. An HI of <1.3
was associated with a 3-fold increase in prehospital intubation among COVID-19 patients. HI may be a useful tool to facilitate decision-making regarding prehospital intubation of COVID-19 patients initially cared for by a Paris Fire Brigade ALS team. Further
prospective studies are needed to confirm these preliminary results. |
|
Kampmeier, S, Tönnies, et al |
Antimicrob Resist Infect Control |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
BACKGROUND: Currently, hospitals have been forced to divert substantial resources to cope with the ongoing coronavirus
disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. It is unclear if this situation will affect long-standing infection prevention practices and impact on healthcare associated infections. Here, we report a nosocomial cluster of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) that occurred
on a COVID-19 dedicated intensive care unit (ICU) despite intensified contact precautions during the current pandemic. Whole genome sequence-based typing (WGS) was used to investigate genetic relatedness of VRE isolates collected from COVID-19 and non-COVID-19
patients during the outbreak and to compare them to environmental VRE samples. METHODS: Five VRE isolated from patients (three clinical and two screening samples) as well as 11 VRE and six vancomycin susceptible Enterococcus faecium (E. faecium) samples from
environmental sites underwent WGS during the outbreak investigation. Isolate relatedness was determined using core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST). RESULTS: WGS revealed two genotypic distinct VRE clusters with genetically closely related patient
and environmental isolates. The cluster was terminated by enhanced infection control bundle strategies. CONCLUSIONS: Our results illustrate the importance of continued adherence to infection prevention and control measures during the COVID-19 pandemic to prevent
VRE transmission and healthcare associated infections. |
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|
Kim, B, Park, et al |
Korean J Intern Med |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
This study aimed to collect information on the opinions of Korean infectious disease (ID) experts on COVID-19 and related
issues in preparation for a future outbreak. Of these 265 ID specialists gotten to, 132 (49.8%) responded to the survey. The highest proportion of the respondents envisaged the current COVID-19 outbreak to end after December 2020 (47.7% for the domestic Korean
outbreak and 70.5% for the global pandemic); moreover, 60.7% of them stated that a second nationwide wave is likely to occur between September and December 2020 in South Korea. N95 respirators were considered to be the most important item in hospitals in preparation
for a second wave. The most important policy to be implemented at the national level was securing national hospitals designated for the treatment of ID (67.4%). |
|
|
Kiraz, Aslihan, Guzeldag, et al |
Research Square prepub |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
This study aimed to demonstrate the relationship between severe Novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) and familial thrombophilia
factors. The investigation did not find statistically significant differences between the severe patient group and the healthy population regarding the investigated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). |
|
|
Kishore, Rashmi, Choudekar, et al |
Research Square prepub |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) though primarily causes respiratory tract infection, various extra-pulmonary complications
have also been reported. We hereby report dilated cardiomyopathy in a one-year old premorbidly healthy boy with COVID-19 infection who had a poor outcome. |
|
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Protonation states in SARS-CoV-2 main protease mapped
by neutron crystallography |
Kneller, DanielW, Phillips, et al |
bioRxiv |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
Here, we present the room-temperature neutron structure of 3CL Mpro from SARS-CoV-2, which allows direct determination
of hydrogen atom positions and, hence, protonation states. This structure highlights the ability of neutron protein crystallography for experimentally determining protonation states at near-physiological temperature — the critical information for structure-assisted
and computational drug design. |
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Management of an ophthalmology department during COVID-19 pandemic in Milan, Italy |
Legrottaglie, EF, Balia, et al |
Eur J Ophthalmol |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
We present the management experience of the Humanitas Clinical and Research Center Ophthalmology Department in Rozzano,
Milan, Italy, during the lockdown. Containment measures were taken to reduce viral transmission and identify infected patients. All planned visits were canceled but for those not deferrable. Social distancing was introduced reducing number of visits per hour.
Minor surgery for progressive pathologies was continued. As the lockdown prolonged, we reorganized patient care. Among 1283 canceled appointments, after evaluation 144 visits and 32 instrumental exams were classified as urgent and rapidly rescheduled. |
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Differential microRNA expression in the peripheral blood from human patients with COVID-19 |
Li, C, Hu, et al |
J Clin Lab Anal |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
The aim of this study was to elucidate the differential expression of miRNAs in COVID‐19. Compared with the healthy
controls, 35 miRNAs were upregulated and 38 miRNAs were downregulated in the human patients with COVID‐19. Cluster analysis revealed that all of the differentially expressed miRNA target genes were clustered by their regulation of cellular components, molecular
functions, and biological processes. Importantly, peptidases, protein kinases, and the ubiquitin system were shown to be the highest enrichment categories by enrichment analysis. |
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Li, J, Wang, et al |
Antimicrob Resist Infect Control |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Consequently, in the present study, we conducted a first large sample size retrospective analysis of secondary bacterial
infections (SBIs) in patients hospitalized with COVID-19. The aim was to obtain the etiology and antimicrobial resistance of SBIs for more accurate antimicrobial use. Among 1495 patients hospitalized with COVID-19, 102 (6.8%) patients had acquired SBIs, and
almost half of them (49.0%, 50/102) died during hospitalization. Compared with severe patients, critical patients had a higher chance of SBIs. The isolation rates of carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii and K. pneumoniae were 91.2 and 75.5%, respectively. |
|
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Li, N, Zhao, et al |
J Cell Physiol |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
This study sought to identify ivermectin‐related virus infection pathway alterations in human ovarian cancer cells.
Pathway network analysis revealed four statistically significant antiviral pathways, including HCMV, HPV, EBV, and HIV1 infection pathways. Interestingly, compared with the reported 284 SARS‐CoV‐2/COVID‐19‐related genes from GencLip3, we identified 52 SARS‐CoV‐2/COVID‐19‐related
protein alterations when treated with and without ivermectin. These findings demonstrate the broad‐spectrum antiviral property of ivermectin benefiting for COVID‐19 treatment in the context of predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine in virus‐related
diseases. |
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Family companion
between patients with coronavirus disease 2019: a retrospective observational study |
Liu, Y, Cheng, et al |
Chin Med J (Engl) |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Here, we describe companion of family members with COVID-19 and its potential benefit for the treatment of the disease.
Of 66 patients who were admitted during the study period, 53 were included in the final analysis. our observational study suggests that family companion between hospitalized COVID-19 patients may be a favorable factor in alleviating the severity of disease.
This holistic strategy assists health care in a medical resource-saving manner and may be considered in the fight against COVID-19. |
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Interaction between age and vitamin D deficiency in severe COVID-19
infection |
Macaya, F, Espejo Paeres, et al |
Nutr Hosp |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We explored the association of vitamin D deficiency (VDD), defined as 25-hydroxyvitamin D < 20 ng/mL, with a composite
of adverse clinical outcomes. Results: we included 80 patients, of which 31 (39 %) presented the endpoint. VDD tended to predict an increased risk of developing severe COVID-19 after adjusting for age, gender, obesity, cardiac disease, and kidney disease [OR
3.2 (95 % CI: 0.9-11.4), p = 0.07]. Age had a negative interaction with the effect of VDD on the composite outcome (p = 0.03), indicating that the effect was more noticeable at younger ages. Furthermore, male gender was associated with VDD and with severe
COVID-19 at younger ages. |
|
Maroli, N, Bhasuran, et al |
J Biomol Struct Dyn |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
Here, we have used text mining and named entity recognition method to identify co-occurrence of the important COVID
19 genes/proteins in the interaction network based on the frequency of the interaction. Network analysis revealed a set of genes/proteins, highly dense genes/protein clusters and sub-networks of Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), Helicase, spike (S) protein
(trimeric), membrane (M) protein, envelop (E) protein, and the nucleocapsid (N) protein.The strong network of hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions along with van der Waals interactions inhibit receptors, which are essential to the entry and replication
of the SARS-CoV-2. |
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Classification of COVID-19 in CT Scans using Multi-Source Transfer Learning |
Martinez, AlejandroR |
arXiv |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection
d'agents pathogènes |
In this study, we propose the use of Multi-Source Transfer Learning (MSTL) to improve upon traditional Transfer Learning
for the classification of COVID-19 from CT scans. With our multi-source fine-tuning approach, our models outperformed baseline models fine-tuned with ImageNet. We additionally, propose an unsupervised label creation process, which enhances the performance
of our Deep Residual Networks. Our best performing model was able to achieve an accuracy of 0.893 and a Recall score of 0.897, outperforming its baseline Recall score by 9.3%. |
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Martínez-López, JÁ, Lázaro-Pérez, et al |
J Clin Med |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
The aim of this study was to determine the degree of burnout and its main triggers in health professionals in Spain
at the most critical period of the COVID-19 emergency. depersonalization values reached 38.9%. A total of 90.4% of the health professionals considered that psychological care should be provided from the work centers. Furthermore, 43.3% of the health professionals
estimated that they might need psychological treatment in the future. Finally, 85.4% stated that the lack of personal protective equipment (PPE) generated an increase in stress and anxiety. |
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Using posterior predictive distributions to analyse epidemic models: COVID-19 in
Mexico City |
Mena, RH, Velasco-Hernandez, et al |
Phys Biol |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health
interventions*| Interventions de santé publique |
We use the posterior distribution of model parameters to generate all possible epidemic curves, whose information is
encapsulated in posterior predictive distributions. From these, one can extract the worst-case scenario and study the impact of implementing contingency plans according to this assessment. We apply this approach to the evolution of COVID-19 in Mexico City
and assess whether contingency plans are being successful and whether the epidemiological curve has flattened. |
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Safety-Critical Control of Compartmental Epidemiological Models with Measurement Delays |
Molnar, TamasG, Singletary, et al |
arXiv |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health
interventions*| Interventions de santé publique |
We introduce a methodology to guarantee safety against the spread of infectious diseases by viewing epidemiological
models as control systems and by considering human interventions (such as quarantining or social distancing) as control input. We demonstrate our results by synthesizing active intervention policies that bound the number of infections, hospitalizations and
deaths for epidemiological models capturing the spread of COVID-19 in the USA. |
|
Mondal, S, Mukherjee, et al |
J Chem Phys |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
Here, we pursue a generalized mathematical model and cellular automata simulations to study the dynamics of infectious
diseases and apply it in the context of the COVID-19 spread. We essentially ask the question: how hard could the time evolution toward the desired herd immunity (HI) be on the lives of people? We find the important result that slower attainment of the HI is
relatively less fatal. However, slower progress toward HI could be complicated by many intervening factors. |
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Mongia, Aanchal, Jain, et al |
arXiv |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
Results on our curated RNA drug virus association (DVA) dataset shows that the proposed approach excels over state-of-the-art
graph regularized matrix completion techniques. When applied to "in silico" prediction of antivirals for COVID-19, our approach returns antivirals that are either used for treating patients or are under for trials for the same. |
|
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Narayanan, RP, Nordlund, et al |
PLoS One |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health
interventions*| Interventions de santé publique Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
We run reduced form models of social distancing as a function of county-level exogenous demographic variables and jurisdictional
fixed effects for 49 states to assess the relative contributions of demographic and jurisdictional effects in explaining social distancing behavior. Our estimation results show that demographic exogenous variables explain substantially more of this variation
than predictions from jurisdictional fixed effects. The increased variance of stay-at-home behavior coupled with the high level of spatial dependence can result in relatively intense hotspots and coldspots of social distance, which has implications for disease
spread and mitigation. |
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Oehmke, JF, Oehmke, et al |
J Med Internet Res |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health
interventions*| Interventions de santé publique |
The aim of this study is to provide a proof of concept of the creation of surveillance metrics that correct for measurement
error and data contamination to determine when it is safe to ease pandemic restrictions. Improved surveillance metrics are needed to inform leaders of how to open sections of the United States more safely. Dynamic panel data models can inform this reopening
in combination with the extraction of COVID-19 data from existing websites. |
|
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Collateral effects of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic on lung cancer
diagnosis in Korea |
Park, Ji Young, Lee, et al |
Research Square prepub |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
We analyzed the impact of COVID-19 on lung cancer diagnosis in Korea, where lung cancer incidence continues to rise.
During the pandemic, the number of patients who sought consultation at the division of pulmonology of study hospitals dropped by 16% from the previous year. Wide-range screening and preventive measures were implemented, thus minimizing delay in lung cancer
diagnosis. No patients acquired COVID-19 due to hospital exposure. The proportion of patients with advanced stage III–IV non-small-cell lung cancer increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. |
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Humoral response to SARS-CoV-2 by healthy and sick
dogs during COVID-19 pandemic in Spain |
Perise-Barrios, Ana, Tomeo-Martin, et al |
bioRxiv |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Immunology | Immunologie zoonoses |
Forty animals with pulmonary pathologies were studied by chest X-ray, ultrasound study, and computed tomography. Nasopharyngeal
and rectal swab were analyzed to detect canine pathogens, including SARS-CoV-2. All dogs were negative for SARS-CoV-2 but five healthy and one pathological dog presented IgG against SARS-CoV-2. These findings suggest that even in the case of a canine infection
transmission would be unlikely. Moreover, dogs living in COVID-19 positive households could have been more exposed to be infected during outbreaks. |
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Risk of Covid-19 acquisition among Emergency Department patients: A retrospective case
control study |
Ridgway, JP, Robicsek, et al |
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Transmission Clinical data| Données cliniques |
The objective of this retrospective case-control study was to determine if emergency department (ED) co-location with
Covid-19 patients is associated with Covid-19 acquisition. Patients were included as cases if they visited an ED and subsequently had a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR test 7-21 days following the ED encounter. Controls |
|
Ridgway, JP, Shah, et al |
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
To estimate the duration of SARS-CoV-2 RNA shedding, we conducted a multisite study among patients who had nasopharyngeal
specimens tested for SARS-CoV-2 RNA via RT-PCR between January 22 and April 23, 2020. During the study period, 10,584/70,406 patients tested positive. Among 156 patients with a subsequent test 1–5 days after their initial positive test, 138 (88%) continued
to have a positive test. Among 105 patients with a subsequent test 21–25 days after their initial positive test, 59 (56%) continued to have a positive test. Thus, we found that SARS-CoV-2 RNA shedding persists for >3 weeks in most patients with COVID-19. |
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|
Ring, L, Greenblatt-Kimron, et al |
Death Stud |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
The purpose of this study was to examine whether subjective nearness-to-death moderated the association between health
worries and death anxiety due to the COVID-19 outbreak among older adults in Israel. Using an online survey, 277 participants were recruited and completed self-reported questionnaires. Findings revealed that subjective nearness-to-death moderated the association
between health worries and death anxiety. |
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Roussel, Mikael, Ferrant, et al |
bioRxiv |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Immunology | Immunologie |
Despite recent immune profiling of COVID-19 patients, to what extent COVID-19-associated acute respiratory distress
syndrom (ARDS) specifically differs from other causes of ARDS remains unknown. To address this question, we built 3 cohorts of patients categorized in COVID-19negARDSpos, COVID-19posARDSpos, and COVID-19posARDSneg, and compared their immune landscape. We demonstrated
that an increase of CD169pos monocytes, correlated with specific changes of T, plasma, and NK cell subsets, defines COVID-19-associated ARDS. We also identified markers of adverse events. |
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Rapid and efficient inactivation of surface dried SARS-CoV-2
by UV-C irradiation |
Ruetalo, Natalia, Businger, et al |
bioRxiv |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle
des infections (IPAC/PCI) |
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic urges for cheap, reliable and rapid technologies for disinfection and decontamination. We here
evaluated the efficiency of UV-C irradiation to inactivate surface dried SARS-CoV-2. Drying for two hours did not have a major impact on the infectivity of SARS-CoV-2, indicating that exhaled virus in droplets or aerosols stays infectious on surfaces at least
for a certain amount of time. Strikingly, short exposure of high titer surface dried virus (3*10^6 IU/ml) with UV-C light (0.66 mJ/cm^2) resulted in a total reduction of SARS-CoV-2 infectivity. Together, our results demonstrate that SARS-CoV-2 is rapidly inactivated
by relatively low doses of UV-C irradiation. Hence, UV-C treatment is an effective non-chemical possibility to decontaminate surfaces from high-titer infectious SARS-CoV-2.Competing Interest StatementThe authors have declared no competing interest. |
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Development of Remdesivir as a Dry Powder for Inhalation
by Thin Film Freezing |
Sahakijpijarn, Sawittree, Moon, et al |
bioRxiv |
Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
Remdesivir exhibits in vitro activity against SARS-CoV-2 and was granted approval for Emergency Use. To maximize delivery
to the lungs, we formulated remdesivir as a dry powder for inhalation using thin film freezing (TFF). In vitro aerodynamic testing demonstrated that drug loading and excipient type affected the aerosol performance of remdesivir. In vivo pharmacokinetic evaluation
showed that TFF-remdesivir-leucine was poorly absorbed into systemic circulation while TFF-remdesivir-Captisol demonstrated increased systemic uptake compared to leucine. In conclusion, TFF technology produces high potency remdesivir dry powder formulations
for inhalation suitable to treat patients with COVID-19 on an outpatient basis and earlier in the disease course where effective antiviral therapy can reduce related morbidity and mortality. |
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AI-guided discovery of the invariant host response
to viral pandemics |
Sahoo, Debashis, Katkar, et al |
bioRxiv |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Immunology | Immunologie |
We sought to define the host immune response, a.k.a, the cytokine storm that has been implicated in fatal COVID-19
using an AI-based approach. Over 45,000 transcriptomic datasets of viral pandemics were analyzed to extract a 166-gene signature using ACE2 as a seed gene; ACE2 was rationalized because it encodes the receptor that facilitates the entry of SARS-CoV-2 (the
virus that causes COVID-19) into host cells. Surprisingly, this 166-gene signature was conserved in all viral pandemics, including COVID-19, and a subset of 20-genes classified disease severity, inspiring the nomenclatures ViPand severe-ViPsignatures, respectively.
The ViPsignatures pinpointed a paradoxical phenomenon wherein lung epithelial and myeloid cells mount an IL15 cytokine storm, and epithelial and NK cell senescence and apoptosis determines severity/fatality. The ViP signatures provide a quantitative and qualitative
framework for titrating the immune response in viral pandemics and may serve as a powerful unbiased tool to rapidly assess disease severity and vet candidate drugs. |
|
Universal Screening for SARS-CoV-2 of all Human Milk Bank Samples |
Salvatori, G, De Rose, et al |
J Hum Lact |
Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique |
Aimed to assess if a universal screening of milk containers and human milk could be useful, despite rigorous controls
in place regarding donor mothers. From may 1st to July 31st, 2020, tested all received containers external surfaces before sanitizing them, as well as random sample before pasteurization. Collected approximately 304L of human milk and processed 34 samples
and 34 swabs. None of the samples or swabs tested positive for Covid 19. |
|
Shapira, G, Shomron, et al |
Faseb j |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
The plasma serine protease inhibitor alpha‐1 antitrypsin was suggested to protect from COVID‐19 by inhibiting TMPRSS2,
a cell surface serine protease essential for the SARS‐CoV‐2 cell entry. This study presents evidence that population differences in alpha‐1 antitrypsin deficiency allele frequencies may partially explain national differences in the COVID‐19 epidemiology. Our
study compared reported national estimates for the major alpha‐1 antitrypsin deficiency alleles PiZ and PiS (SERPINA1 rs28929474 and rs17580, respectively) with the Johns Hopkins University Coronavirus Resource Center dataset. We found a significant positive
correlation (R = .54, P = 1.98e−6) between the combined frequencies of the alpha‐1 antitrypsin PiZ and PiS deficiency alleles in 67 countries and their reported COVID‐19 mortality rates. Our observations suggest that alpha‐1 antitrypsin deficiency alleles
may contribute to national differences in COVID‐19 infection, severity, and mortality rates. |
|
|
Singh, AK, Nema, et al |
PLoS One |
Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes |
A pooled sample testing strategy was evaluated in the setting of emerging disease outbreak in 3 central Indian districts
to assess if the cost of the test and turn-around time could be reduced without compromising its diagnostic characteristics and thus lead to early containment of the outbreak. From 545 nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal samples received from the three emerging
districts, a total of 109 pools were created with 5 consecutive samples in each pool. The diagnostic performance of qRT-PCR on pooled sample was compared with that of individual samples in a blinded manner. While pooling reduced the cost of diagnosis by 68%
and the laboratory processing time by 66%, 5 of the 109 pools showed discordant results when compared with induvial samples. Four pools which tested negative contained 1 positive sample and 1 pool which was positive did not show any positive sample on deconvolution.
Presence of a single infected sample with Ct value of 34 or higher, in a pool of 5, was likely to be missed in pooled sample analysis. At the reported point prevalence of 4.8% in this study, the negative predictive value of qRT-PCR on pooled samples was around
96% suggesting that the adoption of this strategy as an effective screening tool for COVID-19 needs to be carefully evaluated. |
|
|
Spadea, M, Carraro, et al |
Transpl Infect Dis |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
So far, we do not have any published database regarding HCT patients during the present pandemic. We herein describe
the first case of COVID-19 presenting in the early hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) setting. |
|
|
Tan, Chuen Wen, Tan, et al |
Research Square prepub |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
The differences in prothrombotic potential between SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory viral (non-CoV-2-RV) have not been
well characterised. We compared the thrombotic rates between these two groups of patients directly and further delved into their coagulation profiles. In the COVID-19 (n=181) group there were two thrombotic events while one was reported in the non-CoV-2-RV
(n=165) group. All of these events were myocardial infarction occurring in the intensive care unit. Coagulation parameters did not differ throughout the course of mild COVID-19. However, clot waveform analysis (CWA) parameters were significantly higher in
severe COVID-19 compared with mild disease, suggesting hypercoagulability. |
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Tracheostomy in 80 COVID-19 patients: a multicenter, retrospective, observational
study |
Tang, Yun, Wu, et al |
Research Square prepub |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
The aim of our study was to describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with confirmed severe acute
respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pneumonia who underwent elective tracheostomies. We investigated all COVID-19 patients who underwent elective tracheostomies in intensive care units (ICUs) of 23 hospitals in Hubei Province, China, from January
8, 2020 to March 25, 2020. Demographic information, clinical characteristics, treatment, details of the tracheostomy procedure, successful weaning after tracheostomy, and living status were collected and analyzed. A total of 80 patients were included. The
median duration from endotracheal intubation to tracheostomy was 17.5 IQR 11.3-27.0] days. Most tracheotomies were performed by ICU physicians (62 (77.5%)) and using percutaneous techniques (63 (78.8%)) at the ICU bedside (76 (95.0%)). At 60 days after intubation,
31 (38.8%) patients experienced successful weaning from the ventilator, 17 (21.2%) patients were discharged from the ICU, and 43 (53.8%) patients had died. Higher 60-day mortality (22 (73.3%) vs 21 (42.0%)) was identified in patients who underwent early tracheostomy.
In patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia, tracheostomies were feasible to conduct by ICU physicians at bedside with few major complications. However, tracheostomies within 14 days of endotracheal intubation should be avoided. |
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The Impact of COVID-19 on Clinical Trial Execution at the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute |
Tolaney, SM, Lydon, et al |
J Natl Cancer Inst |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
Interventions designed to limit the spread of COVID-19 are having profound effects on the delivery of healthcare, but
data showing the impact on oncology clinical trial enrollment, treatment, and monitoring are limited. Nearly all patients on interventional treatment trials were maintained, and new enrollments continued at just under half the pre-pandemic rate. The median
number of investigational prescriptions shipped to patients and the median number of telemedicine appointments both increased, while research biopsies and blood collections decreased dramatically. The number of research nurses and clinical research coordinators
on-site also decreased. We observed no increases in serious adverse events or major violations related to drug dosing. |
|
Udi, J, Lang, et al |
J Intensive Care Med |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Investigated barotrauma in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia requiring prolonged mechanical ventilation (MV). Eight
patients (40%) developed severe barotrauma during MV (after median 18 days, range: 1-32) including pneumothorax (5/20), pneumomediastinum (5/20), pneumopericard (1/20), and extended subcutaneous emphysema (5/20). Mechanical ventilation was significantly more
invasive on several occasions in patients without barotrauma. Our data suggest that barotrauma in COVID-19 may occur even when following recommendations for lung protective MV. |
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Vanderbruggen, N, Matthys, et al |
Eur Addict Res |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
Investigated changes in alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis consumption before and during COVID-19 lockdown and motives
for these changes in substance use. Overall, respondents reported consuming more alcohol (d = 0.21) and smoking more cigarettes (d = 0.13) than before the COVID-19 pandemic (both p < 0.001), while no significant changes in the consumption of cannabis were
noted. Boredom, lack of social contacts, loss of daily structure, reward after a hard-working day, loneliness, and conviviality were the main reasons for consuming more of the various substances. |
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NeutrobodyPlex - Nanobodies to monitor a SARS-CoV-2
neutralizing immune response |
Wagner, Teresa, Kaiser, et al |
bioRxiv |
Therapeutics| Thérapeutique Immunology | Immunologie |
We describe a set of 11 unique nanobodies (Nbs), originated from an immunized alpaca which bind with high affinities
to the glycosylated SARS-CoV-2 Spike receptor domain (RBD). Using a multiplex in vitro binding assay we showed that eight of the selected Nbs effectively block the interaction between RBD, S1-domain and homotrimeric Spike protein with the angiotensin converting
enzyme 2 (ACE2) as the viral docking site on human cells. According to competitive binding analysis and detailed epitope mapping, we grouped all Nbs blocking the RBD:ACE2 interaction in three distinct Nb-Sets and demonstrated their neutralizing effect with
IC50 values in the low nanomolar range in a cell-based SARS-CoV-2 neutralization assay. Tested Nb combinations from different sets showed substantially lower IC50 values in both functional assays indicating a profound synergistic effect of Nbs simultaneously
targeting different epitopes within the RBD. Finally, we applied the most potent Nb combinations in a competitive multiplex binding assay which we termed NeutrobodyPlex and detected a neutralizing immune response in plasma samples of infected individuals.
Our Nbs have a high potential for prophylactic as well as therapeutic options and provide a novel approach to screen for a neutralizing immune response in infected or vaccinated individuals thus helping to monitor the immune status or to guide vaccine design. |
|
COVID-19 confirmed patients with negative antibodies results |
Wang, J, Chen, et al |
BMC Infect Dis |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Immunology | Immunologie |
We present two cases of confirmed COVID-19 patients and characterize their initial symptoms, chest CT results, medication,
and laboratory test results in detail (including RT-PCR, IgM/ IgG, cytokine and blood cell counts). Both of patients with confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia failed to produce either IgM or IgG even 40 to 50 days after their symptoms onset. This work provides evidence
demonstrating that at least a small proportion of patients may have difficulty in rapidly gaining immunity against SARS-CoV-2. |
|
Wang, Minghuan, Xia, et al |
The Lancet Digital Health |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
This study describes the development of an artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm using CT scans for patient triage
at fever clinics in China. The authors validated a U-Net-based model on a dataset obtained from three fever clinics consisting of 2120 patients. The model had high accuracy for the detection of radiological changes compared with radiological reports (reference
standard). AI-aided triage achieved a sensitivity of 0·923 (95% CI 0·914–0·932), a specificity of 0·851 (0·842–0·860), a positive predictive value of 0·790 (0·777–0·803), a negative predictive value of 0·948 (0·941–0·954), and an area under the curve of 0·953
(0·949–0·959). Another interesting aspect of the study was the assessment of AI's ability to identify changes in CT opacity. AI also achieved a sensitivity of 0·962 and specificity of 0·875 for the identification of increases in lesion burden, with high agreement
between the radiologist panel and AI (Cohen's kappa coefficient 0·839, 95% CI 0·718–0·940).el and A718–0·940). The accuracy of AI for triaging was compared against a radiologist panel, rather than RT-PCR, which showed that the model accurately identified changes
that had been identified by humans. When RT-PCR was used as the reference standard for identifying patients with COVID-19, the sensitivities and specificities of AI decreased. In settings with radiologist staffing shortages, AI could reduce reporting times,
enabling expedited management of COVID-19 cases |
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|
Wang, Xinquan, Zhang, et al |
bioRxiv |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
Here we determined the cryo-EM structures of the spikes from bat (RaTG13) and pangolin (PCoV_GX) coronaviruses, which
are closely related to SARS-CoV-2. All three receptor-binding domains (RBDs) of these two spike trimers are in the "down" conformation, indicating they are more prone to adopt this receptor-binding inactive state. However, we found that the PCoV_GX, but not
the RaTG13, spike is comparable to the SARS-CoV-2 spike in binding the human ACE2 receptor and supporting pseudovirus cell entry. Through structure and sequence comparisons, we identified critical residues in the RBD that underlie the different activities
of the RaTG13 and PCoV_GX/SARS-CoV-2 spikes and propose that N-linked glycans serve as conformational control elements of the RBD. These results collectively indicate that strong RBD-ACE2 binding and efficient RBD conformational sampling are required for the
evolution of SARS-CoV-2 to gain highly efficient infection. |
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Clinical features of COVID-19 mortality: development and validation of a clinical
prediction model |
Yadaw, ArjunS, Li, et al |
The Lancet Digital Health |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We aimed to develop an accurate prediction model of COVID-19 mortality using unbiased computational methods, and identify
the clinical features most predictive of this outcome. Using the development dataset (n=3841) and a systematic machine learning framework, we developed a COVID-19 mortality prediction model that showed high accuracy (AUC=0·91) when applied to test datasets
of retrospective (n=961) and prospective (n=249) patients. This model was based on three clinical features: patient’s age, minimum oxygen saturation over the course of their medical encounter, and type of patient encounter (inpatient vs outpatient and telehealth
visits). |
|
Yao, T, Gao, et al |
BMC Infect Dis |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
This study analyzed the epidemiological, demographic, clinical, and laboratory data from 83 patients with COVID-19
who died between January 26, 2020 and February 28, 2020 in Wuhan, China. Of the 83 deaths, none were medical staff. The mean age was 71.8 years (SD 13.2; range, 34-97 years) and 53(63.9%) were male. The median from onset to admission was 10 days (IQR 7-14:
range, 2-43 days), to death was 17 days (IQR 14-21: range, 6-54 days). Most deaths (66[80%]) had underlying comorbid diseases, the most of which was hypertension 47(57%)]. The main initial symptoms of these 83 deaths were shortness of breath(98.8%), fever(94%),
and myalgia or fatigue(90.4%). Laboratory analyses showed the lymphocytopenia in 69(83%) deaths, hypoalbuminemia in 77(93%) deaths, the elevation of lactate dehydrogenase in 79(95%) deaths, procalcitonin in 69(83%) deaths and C-reactive protein in 79(95%)
deaths. All 83 patients received antiviral treatment, 81(97.6%) deaths received antibiotic therapy, 54(65.1%) deaths received glucocorticoid therapy, and 20(24.1%) patients received invasive mechanical ventilation. |
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|
Yassa, M, Mutlu, et al |
Ultrasonography |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
PURPOSE: This study investigated interobserver agreement in lung ultrasonography (LUS) in pregnant women performed
by obstetricians with different levels of expertise, with confirmation by an expert radiologist. METHODS: This prospective study was conducted at a tertiary "Coronavirus Pandemic Hospital" in April 2020. Pregnant women suspected to have coronavirus disease
2019 (COVID-19) were included. Two blinded experienced obstetricians performed LUS on pregnant women separately and noted their scores for 14 lung zones. Following a theoretical and hands-on practical course, one experienced obstetrician, two novice obstetric
residents, and an experienced radiologist blindly evaluated anonymized and randomized still images and videoclips retrospectively. Weighted Cohen's kappa and Krippendorff's alpha tests were used to assess the interobserver agreement. RESULTS: Fifty-two pregnant
women were included, with confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis rate of 82.7%. In total, 336 eligible still images and 115 videoclips were included in the final analysis. The overall weighted Cohen's kappa values ranged from 0.706 to 0.912 for the 14 lung zones. There
were only seven instances of major disagreement (>1 point) in the evaluation of 14 lung zones of 52 patients (n=728). The overall agreement between the radiologist and obstetricians for the still images (Krippendorff's α=0.856, 95% confidence interval CI],
0.797 to 0.915) and videoclips (Krippendorff's α=0.785; 95% CI, 0.709 to 0.861) was good. CONCLUSION: The interobserver agreement between obstetricians with different levels of experience on still images and videoclips of LUS was good. Following a brief theoretical
course, obstetricians' performance of LUS in pregnant women and interpretation of pre-acquired LUS images can be considered consistent. |
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|
Ye, Bo, Deng, et al |
Research Square prepub |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
In the present study, we aimed to identify the association between blood urea nitrogen (BUN) change and clinical outcomes
in patients presenting with COVID-19 pneumonia. This is a retrospective study conducted in the Huoshenshan hospital. Patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 from Feb 5th to March 5th in 2020 who had BUN level tested on admission and on the second day consecutively
were included. Patients were stratified into two groups according to the BUN change (increase vs. no increase) during the first 24 hours. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. There were 266 patients included in the study. The mean change in BUN at
24 hours was 1.0 mg/dL, with 206 patients (77.4%) experiencing no increase in BUN and 60 patients (22.6%) experiencing an increase in BUN. In-hospital mortality was significantly higher in the BUN increase group compared to no increase group (30.0% vs. 5.8%,
P<0.001). BUN increase group also had higher requirement for ICU admission, use of invasive mechanical ventilation and incidence of AKI (all P<0.001). After adjusted for related factors, the BUN increase was independently associated with the mortality with
an odds ratio of 7.42795% CI 2.370-23.279]. In the multivariable and survival analysis, BUN increase was also found to be associated with survival regardless of the admission BUN. In patients with COVID-19, BUN increase at 24 hours was an independent predictor
for a composite clinical outcome and in-hospital mortality. The association of BUN increase with worse outcomes further emphasizes the importance of monitoring BUN change and kidney function in the course of COVID-19. |
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|
Zaidman, Daniel, Gehrtz, et al |
bioRxiv |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
Designing covalent inhibitors is a task of increasing importance in drug discovery. Efficiently designing irreversible
inhibitors, though, remains challenging. Here, we present covalentizer, a computational pipeline for creating irreversible inhibitors based on complex structures of targets with known reversible binders. For each ligand, we create a custom-made focused library
of covalent analogs. We use covalent docking, to dock these tailored covalent libraries and to find those that can bind covalently to a nearby cysteine while keeping some of the main interactions of the original molecule. We found ~11,000 cysteines in close
proximity to a ligand across 8,386 protein-ligand complexes in the PDB. Of these, the protocol identified 1,553 structures with covalent predictions. In prospective evaluation against a panel of kinases, five out of nine predicted covalent inhibitors showed
IC50 between 155 nM - 4.2 μM. Application of the protocol to an existing SARS-CoV-1 Mpro reversible inhibitor led to a new acrylamide inhibitor series with low micromolar IC50 against SARS-CoV-2 Mpro. The docking prediction was validated by 11 co-crystal structures.
This is a promising lead series for COVID-19 antivirals. Together these examples hint at the vast number of covalent inhibitors accessible through our protocol.Competing Interest StatementThe authors have declared no competing interest. |
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|
Zhang, LB, Pang, et al |
Mil Med Res |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
BACKGROUND: Gastrointestinal symptoms are not rare among coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients, but there have
been no reports regarding convalescent plasma therapy for the recovery of gastrointestinal problems in COVID-19 patients. CASE PRESENTATION: We present two cases of patients with COVID-19-associated recurrent diarrhea and positive fecal occult blood who successfully
recovered after a one-time convalescent plasma administration. CONCLUSION: When COVID-19 patients develop recurrent or refractory gastrointestinal symptoms and fail to respond to the available treatment, alternative therapy with convalescent plasma administration
may be considered. |
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Dynamic Fusion based Federated Learning for COVID-19 Detection |
Zhang, Weishan, Zhou, et al |
arXiv |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection
d'agents pathogènes |
To improve communication efficiency and model performance, in this paper, we propose a novel dynamic fusion based federated
learning approach for medical diagnostic image analysis to detect COVID-19 infections. First, we present architecture for dynamic fusion based federated learning systems to analyse medical diagnostic images. Second, we design a decision making mechanism for
clients to decides each round's participation based on the local model performance. Third, we propose an aggregation scheduling method to dynamically select the participating clients based on each participating client's training time. Fourth, we summarise
a category of medical diagnostic image datasets for COVID-19 detection, which can be used by the machine learning community for image analysis. The evaluation results show that the proposed approach is feasible and performs better than the default setting
of federated learning in terms of model performance, communication efficiency and fault tolerance. |
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The Role of Tocilizumab in Cytokine Storm and Improving Outcomes in COVID-19 |
Ali, A, Kamjani, et al |
Recent Pat Antiinfect Drug Discov |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Amirkhan, JH |
Anxiety Stress Coping |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Severe COVID-19: what have we learned with the immunopathogenesis? |
Bordallo, B, Bellas, et al |
Adv Rheumatol |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Brosnahan, SB, Jonkman, et al |
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Buitrago-Garcia, D, Egli-Gany, et al |
PLoS Med |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
SR-MA: searched PubMed, Embase, bioRxiv, and medRxiv using a database of SARS-CoV-2 literature that is updated daily,
on 25 March 2020, 20 April 2020, and 10 June 2020. The findings of this living systematic review suggest that most people who become infected with SARS-CoV-2 will not remain asymptomatic throughout the course of the infection. The contribution of presymptomatic
and asymptomatic infections to overall SARS-CoV-2 transmission means that combination prevention measures, with enhanced hand hygiene, masks, testing tracing, and isolation strategies and social distancing, will continue to be needed. |
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Combadière, B |
Med Sci (Paris) |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Doulias, T, Gallo, et al |
J Invest Surg |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Toxicity of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine following therapeutic use or
overdose |
Doyno, C, Sobieraj, et al |
Clin Toxicol (Phila) |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Gupta, A, Karki, et al |
Hum Vaccin Immunother |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Huang, C, Ji, et al |
Andrology |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Coronavirus disease-19 and cardiovascular disease: A risk factor or a risk marker? |
Liu, J, Virani, et al |
Rev Med Virol |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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[Comparison of expert recommendations on clinical nutrition for hospitalized patients with
COVID-19] |
Martínez Rodríguez, J, Roca Fontbona, et al |
Nutr Hosp |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Meister, KD, Pandian, et al |
Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Physical Examination of the Spine Using Telemedicine: A Systematic Review |
Piche, J, Butt, et al |
Global Spine J |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
SR: searched EMBASE, PubMed, Medline Ovid, and SCOPUS databases from inception until April 2020. These results suggest
that the virtual spine examination may be comparable to the in-person physical examination for low back pain, though there is a significant void in the literature regarding the reliability of the physical examination as it pertains to specific surgical pathology
of the spine. |
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Simpson, AI, Vaghela, et al |
J Intensive Care Med |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Vergara, J, Skoretz, et al |
Am J Speech Lang Pathol |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Wang, H, Ai, et al |
Emerg Microbes Infect |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
MA: searched PubMed, Cochrane library, Ovid, EBSCO. Serology tests had the lowest sensitivity at 0-7 days after symptom
onset and the highest at >14 days. TAB had a better sensitivity than IgG or IgM only. Using combined nucleocapsid(N) and spike(S) protein had a better sensitivity compared to N or S protein only. Lateral flow immunoassay(LFIA) had a lower sensitivity than
enzyme-linked immunoassay(ELISA) and chemiluminescent immunoassay(CLIA).
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Does Asthma Increase the Mortality of Patients with COVID-19?: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis |
Wang, Y, Chen, et al |
Int Arch Allergy Immunol |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
SR-MA: PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Google Scholar, and medRxiv.org were searched. To conclude, preliminary data indicates
that asthma as a comorbidity may not increase the mortality of COVID-19. Data on the influence of asthma on the risk of hospitalization, the duration of hospitalization, the requirement of ICU admission, and disease severity is still too limited to draw any
strong conclusions. |
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The Riyadh Declaration: the role of digital health in fighting pandemics |
Al Knawy, Bandar, Adil, et al |
The Lancet |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Albayrak, B, Dathe, et al |
Pediatr Res |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Impact of COVID-19 on vaccination programs: adverse or positive? |
Ali, I |
Hum Vaccin Immunother |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Apaijitt, P, Wiwanitkit, et al |
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Atlas, G, Rodrigues, et al |
J Paediatr Child Health |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Ayanian, JZ |
Jama |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Barugahare, J, Nakwagala, et al |
BMC Med Ethics |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Opening Up Resident Education During the Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Pandemic and
Beyond |
Bassuner, J, Rindy, et al |
AJR Am J Roentgenol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Berkwits, M, Flanagin, et al |
Jama |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Bonow, RO, O'Gara, et al |
Jama |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Bressler, NM |
Jama |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Medical student volunteering during COVID-19: lessons for future interprofessional
practice |
Buckland, R |
J Interprof Care |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Burki, Talha |
The Lancet Digital Health |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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The National Emergency Medical Service Role During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Sierra
Leone |
Caviglia, M, Buson, et al |
Prehosp Disaster Med |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Correction to: Acute pulmonary embolism in COVID-19 related hypercoagulability |
Cerruti, L, Boscaro, et al |
J Thromb Thrombolysis |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Reply to "On the Role of Chest Radiography and CT in the Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19)
Pandemic" |
Cheng, Z, Yan, et al |
AJR Am J Roentgenol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Chirico, F, Magnavita, et al |
Workplace Health Saf |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Christakis, DA |
Jama |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Dai, Y |
Chembiochem |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Disis, ML |
Jama |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Dotan, I, Panaccione, et al |
J Crohns Colitis |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Bariatric Surgery During the COVID-19 Pandemic-the Perspective of Physicians and
Patients |
Fakharian, A, Moghadassi, et al |
Obes Surg |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Impact of the pandemic on antimicrobial consumption patterns |
Farias da Silva, C, Deutschendorf, et al |
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Firenzuoli, F, Antonelli, et al |
J Altern Complement Med |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Fogarty, Andrew, Joseph, et al |
The Lancet Respiratory Medicine |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Teleconsultations and Shared Care in Pediatric Oncology During COVID-19 |
Ganguly, S, Bakhshi, et al |
Indian J Pediatr |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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How the COVID-19 pandemic highlights the necessity of animal research |
Genzel, L, Adan, et al |
Curr Biol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Geslain, G, Miatello, et al |
Minerva Anestesiol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Gozansky, EK, Moore, et al |
AJR Am J Roentgenol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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A reflection on the impact of COVID-19 on primary care in the United Kingdom |
Gray, R, Sanders, et al |
J Interprof Care |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Progress in Studies on Structural and Remedial Aspects of Newly Born Coronavirus,
SARS-CoV-2 |
Gupta, SP |
Curr Top Med Chem |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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The COVID-19 Pandemic: A Challenge for Obesity Research and Management |
Hauner, H |
Obes Facts |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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PMC7360937; Shifting sands-Molecular coronavirus testing during a time of inconsistent
resources |
Henderson, DK, Hayden, et al |
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Hower, EG |
J Clin Ethics |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Josephson, SA, Kamel, et al |
Jama |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Applying Blockchain Technology to Address the Crisis of Trust During the COVID-19 Pandemic |
Khurshid, A |
JMIR Med Inform |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Kibbe, MR |
Jama |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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NF-kappaB pathway as a potential target for treatment of critical stage
COVID-19 patients |
Kircheis, Ralf, Haasbach, et al |
Research Square prepub |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Kumari, Abha, Patnaik, et al |
Research Square prepub |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Leeuwenberg, ArtuurM, Schuit, et al |
The Lancet Digital Health |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Liu, D, Clemente, et al |
J Med Internet Res |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Hospital-Onset Clostridioides difficile Infections during the COVID-19 Pandemic |
Luo, Y, Grinspan, et al |
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Mackey, K, Kansagara, et al |
Ann Intern Med |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Marshall, B |
Issues Ment Health Nurs |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Martin, J, Head, et al |
Br J Clin Pharmacol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Marzocchi, Guido, Gentilini, et al |
Research Square prepub |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Contemplating HPV vaccination in Japan during the time of COVID-19 |
Miyoshi, A, Ueda, et al |
Hum Vaccin Immunother |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
|
A hotel room on Mars: quarantine and the psychological view from the virtual front
line |
Modini, M, Vrklevski, et al |
Australas Psychiatry |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
|
PMC7231663; Borderless collaboration is needed for COVID-19-A disease that knows no borders |
Mohamed, K, Rodríguez-Román, et al |
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
|
"Mindful" development of rapid, safe and effective COVID-19 vaccines |
Moise, L, Ross, et al |
Expert Rev Vaccines |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
|
Assessing the Causes for a Relatively Lower Morbidity From COVID-19 in South Asia |
Niazi, A, Kifayat, et al |
Asia Pac J Public Health |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Re: COVID-19: Lessons from the Italian Reproductive Medical Experience |
Niederberger, C |
J Urol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
|
Timely pediatric cancer diagnoses: An unexpected casualty of the COVID-19 surge |
O'Neill, AF, Wall, et al |
Pediatr Blood Cancer |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
|
Öngür, D, Perlis, et al |
Jama |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
|
|
Changes in Alcohol Use Habits in the General Population, during the COVID-19 Lockdown
in Greece |
Panagiotidis, P, Rantis, et al |
Alcohol Alcohol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
|
Pereyra, David, Heber, et al |
The Lancet Haematology |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
|
|
Piccirillo, JF |
Jama |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
|
|
Rapid positioning of nasogastric tube by ultrasound in COVID-19 patients |
Qian, A, Xu, et al |
Crit Care |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Redberg, RF, Katz, et al |
Jama |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Re: Primary Care Practice Finances in the United States amid the COVID-19 Pandemic |
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Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Appendix: Process and definitions.
A daily search for new publications is conducted in PubMed, Scopus,
BioRxiv and MedRxiv, SSRN,
Research Square,
arXiv for all publications related to COVID-19 disease or SARS-CoV-2 using the search terms (COVID-19 OR SARS-CoV-2
OR "novel CoV" OR "novel coronavirus" OR nCoV) adapted to each database. The capture is cross-referenced with publication announcements on the COVID-19 dashboards set up by a number of publishers and google. Publishers include
Lancet,
Elsevier,
The New England Journal of Medicine,
BMJ, Wiley,
Springer Nature, ChinaCDCweekly.
Additionally the database is cross-referenced with other literature scans e.g.
WHO publication list and activities by collaborators. Members of the Emerging Sciences group develop 1 -2 point summaries of each publication. Please email Lisa Waddell for additional information:
Lisa.Waddell@canada.ca.
References are compiled in a reworks database that has citations since the beginning of the outbreak. All references can be accessed at this
link and by the categories listed below. The daily scan has also been compiled in an excel sheet and copies can be provided upon request or
accessed
here.
Category Definitions:
Modelling/ prediction: Predictive modeling is a process that uses data mining and probability
to forecast outcomes. Each model is made up of a number of predictors, which are variables that are likely to influence future results.
Epidemiology:
the branch of medicine which deals with the incidence, distribution, and possible control of diseases and other factors relating to health. Includes Ro, attack rates, case number doubling time, case fatality
rate, serial interval, clinical attack rate, asymptomatic fraction, proportion of asymptomatic and infective*
Transmission: The passage of a pathogen causing communicable disease from an infected host
to an uninfected host via direct or indirect routes.
Clinical data
of cases: Includes clinical parameters such as incubation period, latent period, period of communicability, duration of illness, duration of hospitalization, host risk factors, as well as clinical profiles of patients; presenting symptoms, symptoms over
course of illness, sequelae, comorbidities.*
Surveillance: Public health surveillance is the continuous, systematic collection, analysis and
interpretation of health-related data. Surveillance data will likely be number of cases suspected/confirmed, number of deaths, number recovered. *
Coronavirology: All research relating to the virus; its characteristics, genetic make-up, phylogenetic
analyses
Diagnostics / Pathogen detection:
All studies on identification of the virus; culture, PCR, antibody/antigen tests etc.
Therapeutics:
Studies of substances that may be used to treat infected hosts including passive immunization products.
Vaccine Research:
Studies of vaccine candidates to prevent infection with 2019-nCoV including clinical trials.
Public Health Priorities:
These citations will focus on what the current research priorities are and/or where knowledge gaps exist.
Public Health interventions*:
Any study evaluating how effective a public health intervention is or maybe (in the case of a predictive model).
Public Health response:
These papers are typically overviews of past and current activities, they often also identify knowledge gaps and suggest future activities or objectives.
Infection Prevention and Control/
Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI): Any research on the effectiveness of IPC interventions should also be tagged as IPC
Health care Response:
This foci would include a description of activities to deal with 2019-nCoV cases including, but not limited to: set up of a special emergency multi-disciplinary intensive care team; Bed and medical equipment preparation/ stock piling supplies; Education
and training of staff; Early case recognition and classification of disease severity.
Economics: papers discussing/ forecasting the economics of COVID-19 pandemic.
Zoonotic:
all literature discussing the transmission to and from or occurrence of naturally acquired SARS-COV-2 infection in animals.
Review Literature:
All articles that summarize the published literature can be tagged as a review. This includes systematic review, meta-analysis, scoping review, overviews, umbrella reviews*
Commentary/Editorial:
For commentaries, editorials, letters to the editor, other types of opinion pieces where there is no new data collected by the author or analysis conducted by the author, please tag these within the commentary category.
News articles that have not scientific information.
*Lists are not exhaustive
Annexe: Processus et définitions.
Une recherche quotidienne des nouvelles publications est effectuée dans PubMed, Scopus,
BioRxiv and MedRxiv,
SSRN,
Research Square,
arXiv
pour toutes les publications relatives à la maladie COVID-19 ou au SRAS-CoV-2 en utilisant les termes de recherche (COVID-19 OU SARS-CoV-2 OU « novel CoV » OU « novel coronavirus » OU nCoV). La saisie renvoie à des annonces de publication
sur les tableaux de bord du nCoV mis en place par un certain nombre d'éditeurs et par Google. Parmi les éditeurs figurent
Lancet,
Elsevier,
The New England Journal of Medicine,
BMJ,
Wiley,
Springer Nature,
ChinaCDCweekly. En outre, la base de données renvoie à d'autres survols de publications, e.g.
la liste des publications de l'OMS,
et à des activités des collaborateurs. Les membres du groupe scientifique émergent préparent des résumés en 1 ou 2 points de chaque publication. Pour en savoir plus, veuillez envoyer un courriel à Lisa Waddell au :
Lisa.Waddell@canada.ca.
Les références sont compilées dans une base de données Refworks qui contient des citations depuis le début de l'épidémie. Toutes les références sont accessibles à partir de ce
lien et par les catégories énumérées ci-dessous. L'analyse quotidienne a également été compilée
dans une feuille Excel et des copies peuvent être fournies sur demande ou consultées
ici.
Définitions des catégories :
Modélisation / prédiction :
La modélisation prédictive est un processus qui utilise l'exploration de données et la probabilité pour prévoir les résultats. Chaque modèle est composé de plusieurs prédicteurs, qui sont des variables susceptibles d'influencer les résultats futurs.
Épidémiologie :
Branche de la médecine qui traite de l'incidence, de la répartition et du contrôle éventuel des maladies et d'autres facteurs liés à la santé. Comprend le taux de reproduction de base (Ro),
les taux d'attaque, le temps de doublement du nombre de cas, le taux de létalité, l'intervalle sériel, le taux d'attaque clinique, la fraction asymptomatique, la proportion de cas asymptomatiques et infectieux*.
Transmission :
Passage d'un agent pathogène causant une maladie transmissible d'un hôte infecté à un hôte non infecté par des voies directes ou indirectes.
Données cliniques
des cas : Comprend les paramètres cliniques tels que la période d'incubation, la période de latence, la période de contagiosité, la durée de la maladie, la durée de l'hospitalisation, les facteurs de risque de l'hôte, ainsi que les profils
cliniques des patients; les symptômes présentés, les symptômes au cours de la maladie, les séquelles, les comorbidités.*
Surveillance : La surveillance
de la santé publique est la collecte, l'analyse et l'interprétation continues et systématiques de données relatives à la santé. Les données de surveillance concerneront probablement le nombre de cas suspects / confirmés, le nombre de décès, le nombre de personnes
guéries. *
Coronavirologie : Toutes les recherches relatives
au virus, ses caractéristiques, sa constitution génétique et les analyses phylogénétiques.
Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes :
Toutes les études sur l'identification du virus : culture, PCR, tests de dépistage d'anticorps ou d’antigènes, etc.
Thérapeutique :
Étude des substances pouvant être utilisées pour traiter les hôtes infectés, y compris les produits d'immunisation passive.
Recherche sur les vaccins : Études des candidats à la
vaccination pour prévenir l'infection par le 2019-nCoV, y compris des essais cliniques.
Priorités de santé publique :
Ces citations porteront sur les priorités actuelles de recherche et/ou sur les lacunes dans les connaissances.
Interventions de santé publique* :
Toute étude évaluant l'efficacité (réelle ou possible) d'une intervention de santé publique (dans le cas d'un modèle prédictif).
Réponse de la santé publique :
Ces articles sont généralement des aperçus des activités passées et actuelles, qui identifient souvent les lacunes dans les connaissances et suggèrent des activités ou des objectifs futurs.
Prévention et contrôle des infections/Infection Prevention and Control (PCI/IPAC) :
Les recherches sur l'efficacité des interventions en PCI doivent également être marquées comme PCI.
Réponse des soins de santé :
Ce point comprendrait une description des activités pour traiter les cas de 2019-nCoV, notamment : mise en place d'une équipe multidisciplinaire spéciale de soins intensifs d'urgence; préparation des lits et des équipements médicaux
/ stockage des fournitures; sensibilisation et formation du personnel; reconnaissance précoce des cas et classification de la gravité de la maladie.
Modèle animal:
Zoonotic:
all literature discussing the transmission to and from or occurrence of naturally acquired SARS-COV-2 infection in animals.
Économie: documents discutant / prévoyant l'économie de la pandémie de COVID-19
Revue de la documentation :
Tous les articles qui résument les documents publiés peuvent être marqués comme une revue. Cela comprend les revues systématiques, les méta-analyses, les études de la portée, les aperçus, les examens généraux*.
Commentaires/Éditorial :
Pour les commentaires, éditoriaux, lettres à la rédaction, autres types d'articles d'opinion pour lesquels aucune nouvelle donnée n'est collectée ou aucune analyse n'est effectuée par l'auteur, veuillez les marquer dans la catégorie des
commentaires.
journaux
Articles de presse qui n'ont pas d'informations scientifiques.
* Les listes ne sont pas exhaustives