Subject: Daily Scan of COVID-19 Scientific Publications / survol journalier des publications scientifiques du COVID-19, 2020-09-22

This email is being re-circulated due to the table being inadvertently truncated in yesterday’s email.

Good afternoon,

There are 302 citations in today’s scan. 167 were considered primary research or review literature.

Highlights today include:

PUBLIC HEALTH INTERVENTION

· Augustine et al; studied mechanisms for reopening economic activities that explored the trade off between containing the spread of COVID-19 and maximizing economic impact. These mechanisms, referred to as group scheduling, are based on partitioning the population into groups and scheduling each group on appropriate days with possible gaps (when all are quarantined). The mechanism, which partitions the population into two groups that alternatively work for five days each, flat lines the number of COVID-19 cases quite effectively, while still maintaining economic activity at 70% of pre-COVID-19 level.

IPAC

· Pelletier et al. evaluated nasal and oral antiseptic formulations of povidone-iodine (PVP-I) for the virucidal activity against SARS-CoV-2. Nasal and oral PVP-I antiseptic solutions effectively at inactivate the SARS-CoV-2 at a variety of concentrations after 60-second exposure times.

TRANSMISSION

· Bahl et al’s visualisation and velocimetry results reveal that majority of droplets expelled during singing follow the ambient airflow pattern. These results points toward the possibility of COVID-19 spread by small airborne droplets during singing.

EPIDEMIOLOGY

· Khanh et al. investigated a cluster of cases among passengers on a 10-hour commercial flight in order to assess the role of in-flight transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). They traced 217 passengers and crew to their final destinations and interviewed, tested, and quarantined them. Among the 16 persons in whom SARS-CoV-2 infection was detected, 12 were passengers seated in business class along with the only symptomatic person (attack rate 62%). Seating proximity was strongly associated with increased infection risk. We found no strong evidence supporting alternative transmission scenarios. In-flight transmission that probably originated from 1 symptomatic passenger caused a large cluster of cases during a long flight.  

· Rigatti and Stout (preprint) performed SARS-CoV-2 antibody tests on 50,257 consecutive life insurance applicants in the United States who were having blood drawn for the purpose of underwriting mortality risk. The overall prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 was 3.0%. Using US Census state population data to adjust state specific rates of positivity, it is estimated that this level of seropositivity would correspond to 6.98 million SARS-CoV-2 infections in the US, which is 3.8 times the cumulative number of cases in the US reported to the CDC as of June 1, 2020.

· Ticinesi et al Clinical records of 852 patients admitted during the pandemic peak in an academic hospital of Northern Italy for suspect COVID-19 pneumonia were retrospectively analyzed to investigate incidence of delirium and clinical correlations in COVID-10 pneumonia. Ninety-four patients (11%) developed delirium during stay. They were older (median age 82), had more neuropsychiatric comorbidities and worse respiratory exchanges at baseline. Despite a higher mortality in patients with delirium (57% vs 30%), this association was not independent of age and respiratory parameters.

· Franchini et al documented an association between ABO blood type and COVID‐19 in a population of 447 consecutive convalescent plasma donors recovered from SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, in Lombardy, Italy finding a relative risk (and 95% confidence interval) of having experienced SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in O blood type subjects of 0·74 (0·6–0·90), thus suggesting the protective role of O blood type on infection.

· Peccia et al. measured SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentrations in primary sewage sludge in the New Haven, Connecticut, USA, metropolitan area during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 outbreak in Spring 2020. When adjusted for time lags, tracked the rise and fall of cases seen in SARS-CoV-2 clinical test results and local COVID-19 hospital admissions, SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentrations in sludge were 0–2 d ahead of SARS-CoV-2 positive test results by date of specimen collection, 0–2 d ahead of the percentage of positive tests by date of specimen collection, 1–4 d ahead of local hospital admissions and 6–8 d ahead of SARS-CoV-2 positive test results by reporting date.

CLINICAL DATA

· Larson et al., present the clinical, epidemiological, and sequencing data of a case  (42-year-old healthy male military healthcare provider ) that suggest early re-infection with SARSCoV-2, only 51 days after resolution of initial infection. Importantly, this was observed in a young immunocompetent patient. This second infection was more severe, potentially due to immune enhancement, acquisition of a more pathogenic strain, or perhaps a greater inoculum of infection as the second exposure was from within the household.

· Krause et al., studied a cohort of 93 mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients and found an association between an initial plasma procalcitonin level >0.1 ng/ml and the duration of mechanical ventilation. These findings may help to identify patients at risk for prolonged mechanical ventilation upon admission.

· Flaherman et al  report that in a prospective U.S. registry of 263 pregnant women with suspected or confirmed SARS-CoV-2 (179 positive, 84 negative for SARS-CoV-2), their SARS-CoV-2 status was not associated with pre-term birth, NICU admission, infants’ birth weight, difficulty breathing, apnea or upper or lower respiratory infection through 8 weeks of age.

THERAPEUTICS

· Nguyenla et al. identified 20 approved drugs that act synergistically with remdesivir, many with favourable pharmacokinetic and safety profiles. Using a human lung epithelial cell line infected with a clinical isolate of SARS-CoV-2, the most substantial effects were observed with established antivirals, Hepatitis C virus nonstructural protein 5 A (HCV NS5A) inhibitors velpatasvir and elbasvir. Combination with their partner drugs sofosbuvir and grazoprevir further increased efficacy, increasing remdesivir’s apparent potency 25-fold.

DIAGNOSTICS

· Woo et al., report a highly sensitive and specific one-pot assay for the fluorescence-based detection of RNA from pathogens. The assay, which can be performed within 30–50 min of incubation time and can reach a limit of detection of 0.1-attomolar RNA concentration, relies on a sustained isothermal reaction cascade producing an RNA aptamer that binds to a fluorogenic dye. In 40 nasopharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 samples, the assay reached positive and negative predictive values of 95 and 100%, respectively.

VACCINE RESEARCH

· Takagi et al attempted to identify HLA-A*02:01-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) epitopes derived from the non-structural polyprotein 1a of SARS-CoV-2. 10 selected peptides were chosen for the following analyses because of their high responses. To identify dominant CTL epitopes, mice were immunized with liposomes containing the mixture of the 10 peptides. All mice immunized with the liposomal 10 peptide mixture did not show the same reaction pattern to the 10 peptides. There were three pattern types that varied sequentially, suggesting the existence of an immunodominance hierarchy, which may provide us more variations in the epitope selection for designing CTL-based COVID-19 vaccines.

Regards,

Lisa Waddell, Tricia Corrin, Rukshanda Ahmad, Robyn Odell, Maribeth Mitri, Julie Theriault, Dobrila Todoric, Alejandra Dubois, Christina Bancej, Austyn Baumeister, Anam Khan, Musaab Younis, Lien Mi Tien, Dima Ayache, Angela Sloan, Kaitlin Young, Chatura Prematunge, Ainsley Otten, Irene Yong, Drew Greydanus, Shalane Ha, Alex Gilbert, Jessie Varga, Vanessa Zubach, Meenu Sharma

Focus areas: Modelling/ prediction, Epidemiology, Transmission, Clinical data, Surveillance, Coronavirology, Diagnostics / Pathogen detection, Therapeutics, Vaccine Research, Public health interventions, Public Health response, Public Health Priorities, IPAC, Health care response, immunology, economics, animal model, zoonoses, Review Literature, Commentary/Editorial, news

Domaines cibles: Modélisation/prédiction, Épidémiologie, Transmission, Données cliniques, Surveillance, Coronavirologie, Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes, Thérapeutique, Recherche sur les vaccins, Interventions de santé publique, Priorités de santé publique, PCI, Réponse des soins de santé, immunologie, économie, modèle animal, zoonoses, Revue de littérature, Commentaire/Éditorial, journaux

PUBLICATIONS	AUTHORS / AUTEURS	SOURCE	FOCI / DOMAINE	SUMMARY / SOMMAIRE
A web-based health education module and its impact on the preventive practices of health-care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic	Abbas,  K,  Nawaz, et al	Health Educ Res	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This comparative study evaluated the efficacy of a brief web-based module on the practice of hand hygiene and respiratory etiquette among 500 respective health-care workers.  A self-reported questionnaire was used for both pre- and post-intervention evaluation. Found that the intervention resulted in an evident difference in the use of alcohol-based hand sanitizer by the participating doctors before examining the patient. Interns showed a much higher propensity to wash their hands for at least 20 s, relative to other health-care workers. The difference between pre- and post-intervention handwashing for >5 times/day was 6.5% in females and 4.5% in males.
Design and study of a coronavirus-shaped metamaterial sensor stimulated by electromagnetic waves for rapid diagnosis of covid-19	Abdulkarim,  Yadgar,  Awl, et al	arXiv	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	We propose a new technique of utilizing metamaterials-based sensor for rapid diagnosis of covid-19 through electromagnetic-stimulated analysis of the blood drawn from the patient. The sensor was inspired by a coronavirus in plane-shaped design with presume that its circular structure might produce a broader interaction of the electromagnetic waves with the blood sample. The sensor was designed numerically and tested experimentally by evaluating variations in the reflection coefficient (S11) and transmission coefficient (S21) of the waves at resonant frequency. Results of covid-19 relevant blood sample showed a pronounced shift in the main resonant frequency of about 740 MHz compared to that of the control blood sample. We believe that with the help of the proposed sensor a significant breakthrough can be achieved for rapid diagnosis of covid-19 within few seconds.
Predictions of coronavirus COVID-19 distinct cases in Pakistan through artificial neural network	Ahmad,  I,  Asad, et al	Epidemiol Infect	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	In this research work, an artificial neural network (ANN) with rectifying linear unit based technique is implemented to predict the number of deaths, recovered and confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Pakistan by using previous data of 137 days of COVID-19 cases from the day 25 Feb, 2020 until 10 July, 2020. The collected data divided into training and test data was used to test the efficiency of proposed techniques. It can be seen that, based on previous data of coronavirus cases the trained ANN model predicting that on 17 July 2020, the number of confirmed cases will reach to 293875, deaths 5880 and recoveries 203334. It is observed that, the confirmed cases will rise by 47,524 approximately with more 50200 recovered people while remaining active cases will be 84661.  It observed that the model is well fitted with training data and can help to make predictions for the future.
Introduction of two prolines and removal of the polybasic cleavage site leads to optimal efficacy of a recombinant spike based SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in the mouse model	Amanat,  Fatima,  Strohmeier, et al	bioRxiv	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Vaccine Research| Recherche sur les vaccins Animal model | Modèle animal	This study tests multiple versions of a soluble spike protein for their immunogenicity and protective effect against SARS-CoV-2 challenge in a mouse model that transiently expresses human angiotensin converting enzyme 2 via adenovirus transduction. Variants tested include spike protein with a deleted polybasic cleavage site, the proline mutations, a combination thereof, as well as the wild type protein. While all versions of the protein were able to induce neutralizing antibodies, only the antigen with both a deleted cleavage site and the PP mutations completely protected from challenge in this mouse model.
Safety and efficacy of tracheotomy for critically ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan: a case series of 14 patients	Aodeng,  S,  Wang, et al	Eur J Cardiothorac Surg	Clinical data| Données cliniques Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	A retrospective analysis of the clinical characteristics of 14 critically ill patients with COVID-19, who underwent bedside tracheotomy from March to April 2020 was conducted to summarize the indications for tracheotomy and key points related to personal protective equipment and surgical procedures. All tracheotomies were performed in the late phase of the infection course. The interval between the infection and tracheotomy was 33 days, and the median interval between intubation and tracheotomy was 25.5 days. The reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction results of secretions from the operative incision and inside the tracheotomy tube were negative. Twelve patients improved after tracheotomy, with SpO2 levels maintained above 96%. One patient died of progressive respiratory failure; another patient died of uncontrolled septic shock. No medical staff who participated in the tracheotomy was infected.
Balloon aortic valvuloplasty for urgent treatment of severe aortic stenosis during coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic: a case report	Attisano,  T,  Silverio, et al	ESC Heart Fail	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	An 86-year-old man affected by severe aortic stenosis (AS) was referred to our institution owing to decompensated heart failure. Three months before, the patient was scheduled for transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI), which was postponed owing to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak. Owing to COVID-19 suspicion, he underwent nasopharyngeal swab and was temporarily isolated. However, the rapid deterioration of clinical and haemodynamic conditions prompted us to perform balloon aortic valvuloplasty (BAV) as bridge to TAVI. The patient's haemodynamics improved; and the next day, the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction for COVID-19 was negative. At Day 5, he underwent TAVI procedure. Subsequent clinical course was uneventful. During COVID-19 pandemic, the deferral of TAVI procedure should be assessed on a case-by-case basis to avoid delay in patients at high risk for adverse events. BAV may be an option when TAVI is temporarily contraindicated such as in AS patients suspected for COVID-19.
Economy Versus Disease Spread: Reopening Mechanisms for COVID 19	Augustine,  John,  Hourani, et al	arXiv	Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique Economics | Économie	This research studied mechanisms for reopening economic activities that explored the trade off between containing the spread of COVID-19 and maximizing economic impact. These mechanisms, referred to as group scheduling, are based on partitioning the population into groups and scheduling each group on appropriate days with possible gaps (when all are quarantined). Each group interacts with no other group and, importantly, any person who is symptomatic in a group is quarantined. Specifically, these mechanisms are characterized by three parameters (g,d,t), where g is the number of groups, d is the number of days a group is continuously scheduled, and t is the gap between cycles. Show that these mechanisms effectively trade off economic activity for more effective control of the COVID-19 virus. In particular, show that the (2,5,0) mechanism, which partitions the population into two groups that alternatively work for five days each, flat lines the number of COVID-19 cases quite effectively, while still maintaining economic activity at 70% of pre-COVID-19 level. Also study mechanisms such as (2,3,2) and (3,3,0) that achieve a somewhat lower economic output (about 50%) at the cost of more aggressive control of the virus; these could be applicable in situations when the disease spread is more rampant in the population.
Changes in alcohol consumption associated with social distancing and self-isolation policies triggered by COVID-19 in South Australia: a wastewater analysis study	Bade,  R,  Simpson, et al	Addiction	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study assessed the effects of social distancing and social isolation policies triggered by COVID-19 on alcohol consumption using wastewater analysis representative of 1.1 million inhabitants in Adelaide, South Australia. Estimated weekend alcohol consumption was significantly lower (698 standard drinks/day/1000 people) after self-isolation measures were enforced in April 2020 compared with the preceding sampling period in February 2020 (1047 standard drinks/day/1000 people), p<0.05. Weekend to midweek consumption ratio was 12% lower than the average ratio compared with all previous sampling periods. April 2020 recorded the lowest alcohol consumption relative to April in previous years, dating back to 2016.
Cough Against COVID: Evidence of COVID-19 Signature in Cough Sounds	Bagad,  Piyush,  Dalmia, et al	arXiv	Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This study demonstrates that solicited-cough sounds collected over a phone, when analysed by our AI model, have statistically significant signal indicative of COVID-19 status (AUC 0.72, t-test,p <0.01,95% CI 0.61-0.83). This holds true for asymptomatic patients as well. TCollected the largest known(to date) dataset of microbiologically confirmed COVID-19 cough sounds from 3,621 individuals. When used in a triaging step within an overall testing protocol, by enabling risk-stratification of individuals before confirmatory tests, this tool can increase the testing capacity of a healthcare system by 43% at disease prevalence of 5%, without additional supplies, trained personnel, or physical infrastructure.
Post COVID-19 longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM)-a case report	Baghbanian,  SM,  Namazi, et al	Acta Neurol Belg	Clinical data| Données cliniques	This editorial presents the case report of a 53-year-old female  admitted to the neurology ward, in Iran after suffering from paraparesis for 2 days. 2 weeks before, the patient had been admitted and treated for COVID-19 and at that time the results of coronavirus RNA nasopharyngeal swab reported positive. Brain MRI was normal and spinal cord MRI showed a longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis in the T8-T10 cord segments.
Droplets and Aerosols generated by singing and the risk of COVID-19 for choirs	Bahl,  P,  de Silva, et al	Clin Infect Dis	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Transmission	Choral singing has become a major risk during COVID-19 pandemic due to high infection rates. Our visualisation and velocimetry results reveal that majority of droplets expelled during singing follow the ambient airflow pattern. These results points toward the possibility of COVID-19 spread by small airborne droplets during singing.
Multifaceted persistent hypokalaemia in a patient with coronavirus disease 2019	Barkas,  F,  Filippas-Ntekouan, et al	Intern Med J	Clinical data| Données cliniques	A 69‐year‐old woman with a 2‐day history of fever, dry cough, sore throat, fatigue and diarrhoea was admitted in the Infectious Disease Unit in University Hospital of Ioannina in Greece after being confirmed positive for SARS‐CoV‐2.
Abdominal CT in COVID-19 patients: incidence, indications, and findings	Barkmeier,  DT,  Stein, et al	Abdom Radiol (NY)	Clinical data| Données cliniques	The purpose of this study was to evaluate the frequency, indications, and findings of abdominal CTs ordered in the initial evaluation of patients who had a positive COVID-19 test performed in our institution. Retrospective chart review was performed on all patients who had a positive test for COVID-19 performed at a single quaternary care center from 1/20/2020 through 5/8/2020. Only 43 (4.1%) of 1057 COVID-19 patients presented with abdominal complaints sufficient to warrant an abdominal CT. Of these 43 patients, the vast majority (39, 91%) were known or suspected to have COVID-19 at the time of the scan. Most (27/43, 63%) scans showed no acute abdominal abnormality, and those that were positive did not share a discernable pattern of abnormalities. Lung base abnormalities were common, and there was moderate inter-reviewer reliability.
Usefulness of biological markers in the early prediction of corona virus disease-2019 severity	Bennouar,  S,  Bachir Cherif, et al	Scand J Clin Lab Invest	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	The objective of this study is to identify routine biomarkers that can serve as early predictors of the disease progression. This is a prospective, single-center, cohort study involving 330 SARS-CoV-2 infected patients who were admitted at the University Hospital of Blida, Algeria in the period between the 27th of March and 22nd of April 2020. After an average follow-up period of 13.9 ± 3.5 days, 143 patients (43.3%) were classified as severe cases. Six biological abnormalities were identified as potential risk markers independently related to the severity: elevated urea nitrogen (>8.0 mmol/L, OR = 9.3 2.7-31.7], p 42mg/L, OR = 7.5 2.4-23.3], p = .001), decreased natremia (42mg/L, OR = 7.5 2.4-23.3], p = .001), decreased natremia (367 IU/L, OR = 4.9 1.7-14.2], p = .003) and elevated neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (>7.99, OR = 4.2, 1.4-12.2], p = .009). These easy-to-measure, time-saving and very low-cost parameters have been shown to be effective in the early prediction of the COVID-19 severity.
SARS-CoV-2 infection of Chinese hamsters (Cricetulus griseus) reproduces COVID-19 pneumonia in a well-established small animal model	Bertzbach,  LD,  Vladimirova, et al	Transbound Emerg Dis	Animal model | Modèle animal	Here, we established a SARS-CoV-2 infection model in Chinese hamsters suitable for studying pathogenesis of the disease as well as pre-clinical testing of vaccines and therapies. This species of hamster is susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection as demonstrated by robust virus replication in the upper and lower respiratory tract accompanied by bronchitis and pneumonia as well as significant body weight loss following infection. The Chinese hamster features advantages compared to the Syrian hamster model, including more pronounced clinical symptoms, its small size, well-characterized genome, transcriptome and translatome data and availability of molecular tools.
Local Atmospheric Factors that enhance Air-borne Dispersion of Coronavirus - High-fidelity Numerical Simulation of COVID19 case study in Real-Time	Bhaganagar,  K,  Bhimireddy, et al	Environ Res	Transmission	For the first time - a high-fidelity numerical simulation study - using Weather-Research-Forecast model coupled with the Lagrangian Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory model (WRF-HYSPLIT) model has been conducted to track the infected aerosol plume in real-time during March 9-April 6, 2020, in New York City, the epicenter of the coronavirus in the USA for comparing the morning, afternoon and evening release. Atmospheric stability regimes that result in low wind speeds, low level turbulence and cool moist ground conditions favor the transmission of the disease through turbulence energy-containing large-scale horizontal "rolls" and vertical thermal "updrafts" and "downdrafts". Further, the wind direction is an important factor that dictates the direction of the transport. From the initial time of release, the virus can spread up to 30 minutes in the air, covering a 200-m radius at a time, moving 1 - 2 km from the original source.
Imaging of children with COVID-19: experience from a tertiary children's hospital in the United States	Biko,  DM,  Ramirez-Suarez, et al	Pediatr Radiol	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	This study aimed to describe the utilization and imaging findings in children with COVID-19 along with the comorbidities, treatment and short-term outcomes. We retrospectively reviewed pediatric patients who had a confirmed positive test for COVID-19 during a 2-month period. During the study period, 5,969 children were tested for COVID-19, with 313 (5%) testing positive. Of these, 92/313 (29%) were asymptomatic and 55/313 (18%) had imaging and were admitted to the hospital for treatment. Forty-one of 55 patients (75%) with imaging had comorbidities. Chest radiographs were the most common examination (51/55 patients, or 93%) with most demonstrating no abnormality (34/51, or 67%). Children with MIS-C were more likely to have interstitial opacities and pleural effusions. US, CT or MRI was performed in 23/55 (42%) children, 9 of whom had MIS-C. Only one chest CT was performed.
The COVID-19 immune landscape is dynamically and reversibly correlated with disease severity	Bolouri,  Hamid,  Speake, et al	bioRxiv	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Immunology | Immunologie	Using mass cytometry, we assessed the immune landscape in longitudinal whole blood specimens from 59 patients presenting with acute COVID-19, and classified based on maximal disease severity. Hospitalized patients negative for SARS-CoV-2 were used as controls. We found that the immune landscape in COVID-19 forms three dominant clusters, which correlate with disease severity. Longitudinal analysis identified a pattern of productive innate and adaptive immune responses in individuals who have a moderate disease course, whereas those with severe disease have features suggestive of a protracted and dysregulated immune response. Further, we identified coordinate immune alterations accompanying clinical improvement and decline that were also seen in patients who received IL-6 pathway blockade. The hospitalized COVID-19 negative cohort allowed us to identify immune alterations that were shared between severe COVID-19 and other critically ill patients.
Evidence for complex fixed points in pandemic data	Cacciapaglia,  Giacomo,  Sannino, et al	arXiv	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	Epidemic data show the existence of a region of quasi-linear growth (strolling period) of infected cases extending in between waves. We demonstrate that this constitutes evidence for the existence of near time-scale invariance that is neatly encoded via complex fixed points in the epidemic Renormalisation Group approach. As a result we achieve a deeper understanding of multiple wave dynamics and its inter-wave strolling regime. Our results are tested and calibrated against the COVID-19 pandemic data. Because of the simplicity of our approach that is organised around symmetry principles our discovery amounts to a paradigm shift in the way epidemiological data are mathematically modelled.
Use of Nasoill® via intranasal to control the harmful effects of Covid-19	Carlos Eduardo,  Cuevas-Barragan,  Buenrostro-Nava, et al	Microb Pathog	Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	This article is an attempt to propose ways to prevent, treat and control the COVID-19 virus, using a product based on plant extracts with the potential to reduce the symptoms caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Nasoil® counts as one of its main components, Asclepias curassavica extracts, and in the present study it has been shown that it is an effective adjuvant in the treatment of Covid-19, increasing the respiratory capacity of the patients (SpO2> 90%) and reducing the symptoms from the first application, improving the patients around the fifth to the eighth application. At a preventive level, the individuals in this study who have applied it (400 individuals) only a 3.15% of these presented symptoms, disappearing when increasing the weekly applications.
Social Isolation: Managing Psychological Distress in Hospitalized Patients During the COVID-19 Pandemic	Cazeau,  N	Clin J Oncol Nurs	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This article presents a case study of a patient receiving a bone marrow transplantation who experienced psychological distress during hospitalization because of social isolation. The National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines for distress management are used as a framework to outline a nursing plan of care for managing social isolation-related psychological distress in patients who are hospitalized during a worldwide pandemic.
NEU at WNUT-2020 Task 2: Data Augmentation To Tell BERT That Death Is Not Necessarily Informative	Chauhan,  Kumud	arXiv	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	Since not all the information shared on the social media is useful, a machine learning system to identify informative posts can help users in finding relevant information. In this paper, we present a BERT classifier system for W-NUT2020 Shared Task 2: Identification of Informative COVID-19 English Tweets. Further, we show that BERT exploits some easy signals to identify informative tweets, and adding simple patterns to uninformative tweets drastically degrades BERT performance. In particular, simply adding 10 deaths to tweets in dev set, reduces BERT F1- score from 92.63 to 7.28. We also propose a simple data augmentation technique that helps in improving the robustness and generalization ability of the BERT classifier.
Differential diagnosis for suspected cases of coronavirus disease 2019: a retrospective study	Chi,  Q,  Dai, et al	BMC Infect Dis	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	METHODS: Sixty-eight cases of suspected COVID-19 treated in Wenzhou Central Hospital from January 21 to February 20, 2020 were divided into confirmed and COVID-19-negative groups based on the results of real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) nucleic acid testing of the novel coronavirus in throat swab specimens to compare the clinical symptoms and laboratory and imaging results between the groups. RESULTS: Among suspected patients, 17 were confirmed to COVID-19-positive group and 51 were distinguished to COVID-19-negative group. Patients with reduced white blood cell (WBC) count were more common in the COVID-19-positive group than in the COVID-19-negative group. Subsequently, correlation analysis indicated that there was a significant inverse correlation existed between WBC count and temperature in the COVID-19-positive patients, instead of the COVID-19-negative group. But reduced lymphocyte count was no different between the two groups. More common chest imaging characteristics of the confirmed COVID-19 cases by high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) included ground-glass opacities (GGOs), multiple patchy shadows, and consolidation with bilateral involvement than COVID-19-negative group
PMC7473126; Serological differentiation between COVID-19 and SARS infections	Chia,  WN,  Tan, et al	Emerg Microbes Infect	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	We developed and compared the performance of four different serological tests to comprehensively assess the cross-reactivity between COVID-19 and SARS patient sera. There is significant cross-reactivity when N protein of either virus is used. The S1 or RBD regions from the spike (S) protein offers better specificity. Amongst the different platforms, capture ELISA performed best. We found that SARS survivors all have significant levels of antibodies remaining in their blood 17 years after infection. Anti-N antibodies waned more than anti-RBD antibodies, and the latter is known to play a more important role in providing protective immunity.
Hospital-acquired SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in a person living with HIV	Chiappe Gonzalez,  AJ,  Montenegro-Idrogo, et al	Int J STD AIDS	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Case report of a 38 yea old male with HIV who was diagnosed with COVID-19
Assessing the spread of COVID-19 in Brazil: Mobility, morbidity and social vulnerability	Coelho,  FC,  Lana, et al	PLoS One	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	In this study we identified which areas in the country were the most vulnerable for COVID-19, both in terms of the risk of arrival of cases, the risk of sustained transmission and their social vulnerability. Probabilistic models were used to calculate the probability of COVID-19 spread from São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, the initial hotspots, using mobility data from the pre-epidemic period, while multivariate cluster analysis of socio-economic indices was done to identify areas with similar social vulnerability. The results consist of a series of maps of effective distance, outbreak probability, hospital capacity and social vulnerability. They show areas in the North and Northeast with high risk of COVID-19 outbreak that are also highly socially vulnerable.
PMC7266588; Excretion of SARS-CoV-2 in human breast milk	Costa,  S,  Posteraro, et al	Clin Microbiol Infect	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Case series of 2 pregnant women with COVID-19 whose newborns did not receive  breast milk as a precautionary measure.
Mobile ECMO in COVID-19 patient: case report	Daniela,  M,  Felipe, et al	J Artif Organs	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Case report of a 51 year old female with a history of hypothyroidism and mild asymptomatic asthma who developed COVID-19.
Is naso-pharyngeal swab always safe for SARS-CoV-2 testing? An unusual, accidental foreign body swallowing	De Luca,  L,  Maltoni, et al	Clin J Gastroenterol	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Case report of a 47 year old male who was tested for  COVID-19 and the NPS broke and was swallowed.
Ultrasensitive and visual detection of SARS-CoV-2 using all-in-one dual CRISPR-Cas12a assay	Ding,  X,  Yin, et al	Nat Commun	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	Here, we present an All-In-One Dual CRISPR-Cas12a (AIOD-CRISPR) assay for one-pot, ultrasensitive, and visual SARS-CoV-2 detection. By targeting SARS-CoV-2's nucleoprotein gene, two CRISPR RNAs without protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) site limitation are introduced to develop the AIOD-CRISPR assay and detect the nucleic acids with a sensitivity of few copies. We validate the assay by using COVID-19 clinical swab samples and obtain consistent results with RT-PCR assay.  Thus, our method has the significant potential to provide a rapid, sensitive, one-pot point-of-care assay for SARS-CoV-2.
Early Orthopaedic Trauma Outcomes in COVID-19 Infected Patients: A Case Series	Edwards,  DN,  Arguello, et al	J Orthop Trauma	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Case series of 10 COVID positive orthopaedic trauma patients who underwent fracture fixation in March 2020.
Seizure in patients with COVID-19	Emami,  A,  Fadakar, et al	Neurol Sci	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the current study was to collect the data on the occurrence of seizures in patients with COVID-19 and to clarify the circumstances of the occurrence of seizures in these patients.  METHODS: All consecutive patients who referred to healthcare facilities anywhere in Fars province (located in South Iran with a population of 4.851 million people) from February 19 until June 2, 2020, and had confirmed COVID-19 by positive result on polymerase chain reaction testing and seizure were included. RESULTS:  During this time period, five people had seizures (seizure rate 0.08%). In four patients, seizure was one of the presenting manifestations, and in one person, it happened during the course of hospital admission. New-onset seizures in critically ill patients with COVID-19 should be considered as acute symptomatic seizures and the treating physician should try to determine the etiology of the seizure and manage the cause immediately and appropriately.
[Spanish registry of Covid-19 screening in asymptomatic pregnants.]	Encinas Pardilla,  MB,  Caño Aguilar, et al	Rev Esp Salud Publica	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Surveillance	The aim of this paper was the creation of a registry of pregnant women with Covid-19 infection in order to establish the interventions and measures necessary to improve the care of these patients during hospital admission. METHODS: To prepare the registry, the main researcher of each center collected weekly / biweekly the number of total pregnant women screened, as well as the total number of positive and negative, sending these data to the responsible researchers so that it could be available in real time of the percentage of infected asymptomatic pregnant population and the evolution by weeks in the centers of each participating province. RESULTS: As of May 31(st)sup> 2020, 16,308 screening tests were carried out in these hospitals, in which 338 pregnant women were positive, which translates into 2.07% (95% Confidence Interval: 1.86-2.30) of the asymptomatic pregnant women we attended in our centers were carriers of the virus and could develop the disease in subsequent days.
Spontaneous pneumothorax and subpleural bullae in a patient with COVID-19: a 92-day observation	Fan,  Q,  Pan, et al	Eur J Cardiothorac Surg	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Case report of  32 year old male with COVID-19
Investigation of immune cells on elimination of pulmonary-Infected COVID-19 and important role of innate immunity, phagocytes	Farshi,  E,  Kasmapur, et al	Rev Med Virol	Clinical data| Données cliniques Immunology | Immunologie Animal model | Modèle animal	We identified types of immune cells that contribute to clearing COVID-19 during the acute phase of the infection in mouse model and human. Our results suggest that both innate and adaptive immune responses are essential for controlling COVID-19 infection. Mild infection report of children by COVID-19 comparing adults' infection causes conclusion of higher resistance of immune system of children comparing adults. Our results show innate immune system including phagocytes contribute severely to the elimination of COVID-19 in both mouse model and human. Our results also show the elimination of COVID-19 required the activation of B cells by CD4+ T cells. CD4+ T cells play an important role in elimination of COVID-19 in primary effection. We measured IgM and IgG in all patients including adults and kids (human) and found IgM and IgG in kids patients are much higher than other adults patients. It causes production of much more natural antibodies in kids' bodies to protect them against COVID-19 that shows reason of mild effection of kids comparing adults. Our observations have important ramifications for the development of novel vaccination and medicine strategies to alleviate COVID-19. The most important result is for producing any vaccine for COVID-19, increasing and producing these factors must be included: (a) Phagocytes (IgM and IgG), (b) T Cells, and (c) White Cells.
Clinical laboratory characteristics in patients with suspected COVID-19: one single institution experience	Fei,  F,  Smith, et al	J Med Virol	Clinical data| Données cliniques	The aim of the study is to investigate the demographic, clinical and laboratory characteristics in suspected COVID-19 patients in our institution. In this retrospective study, we investigated suspected COVID-19 patients admitted to the University of Alabama at Birmingham with a request for IL-6 send-out test, from March 28 to June 27, 2020. Fifty patients suspected with COVID-19 were included in our study, of whom 24 patients were positive with severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and 26 were negative. During the observation period, 30 patients were discharged, 17 died during hospitalization, and three remained in hospital. Compared to non-COVID-19 patients, COVID-19 patients had an older age, more comorbidities, and elevated levels of inflammation markers such as ESR, CRP, serum ferritin and LDH. However, there was no significant difference in laboratory data between survivors and non-survivors in COVID-19 patients in our study.
Infant Outcomes Following Maternal Infection with SARS-CoV-2: First Report from the PRIORITY Study	Flaherman,  VJ,  Afshar, et al	Clin Infect Dis	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Infant outcomes after maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection are not well-described. In a prospective U.S. registry of 263 infants born to mothers testing positive or negative for SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV-2 status was not associated with birth weight, difficulty breathing, apnea or upper or lower respiratory infection through 8 weeks of age.
Testicular Changes Associated with SARS-CoV-2	Flaifel,  A,  Guzzetta, et al	Arch Pathol Lab Med	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Here, we present our analysis of the morphologic features seen in testes obtained from patients with COVID-19. We analyzed testes and epididymis specimens from a series of 10 autopsies of patients with proven SARS-CoV-2 infection who died at our institution. Autopsies were conducted according to published US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) guidelines3 .
αlphavbeta6 targeted molecular PET/CT imaging of lung post SARS-CoV-2 infection	Foster,  CC,  Davis, et al	J Nucl Med	Clinical data| Données cliniques	The true impact and long-term damage to organs such as the lungs following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection remain to be determined. Non-invasive molecularly targeted imaging may play a critical role to aid in the visualization and understanding of the systemic damage. We have identified αvβ6 as molecular target; an epithelium-specific cell surface receptor that is low/undetectable in healthy adult epithelium but up-regulated in select injured tissues, including fibrotic lung. Herein we report the first human positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) images using the integrin αvβ6 binding peptide ((18)F-αvβ6-BP) in a patient 2 months after the acute phase of infection. Minimal uptake of (18)F-αvβ6-BP was noted in normal lung parenchyma, with elevated uptake in the lung corresponding to areas of opacities on CT. This case suggests (18)F-αvβ6-BP PET/CT is a promising non-invasive approach to identify the presence and potentially monitor the persistence/ progression of lung damage.
The protective effect of O blood type against SARS-CoV-2 infection	Franchini,  M,  Glingani, et al	Vox Sang	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	To verify the protective effect of O blood type against SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, we have compared the ABO blood group distribution of all donors of convalescent plasma (CP) with that of healthy uninfected periodic volunteer blood donors. During the period between 25 March 2020 and 22 June 2020, 447 consecutive CP donors were enrolled at the University Hospital of Pavia and the City Hospital of Mantova, Lombardy region, Italy.
Substitutions in Spike and Nucleocapsid proteins of SARS-CoV-2 circulating in South America	Franco-Muñoz,  C,  Álvarez-Díaz, et al	Infect Genet Evol	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Surveillance Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	The objective of this study was to describe the substitution frequency of the S and N proteins of SARS-CoV-2 in South America. A total of 504 amino acid and nucleotide sequences of the S and N proteins of SARS-CoV-2 from seven South American countries (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Ecuador, Peru, Uruguay, and Colombia), reported as of June 3, and corresponding to samples collected between March and April 2020, were compared through substitution matrices using the Muscle algorithm in MEGA X. Forty-three sequences from 13 Colombian departments were obtained in this study using the Oxford Nanopore and Illumina MiSeq technologies, following the amplicon-based ARTIC network protocol. The substitutions D614G in S and R203K/G204R in N were the most frequent in South America, observed in 83% and 34% of the sequences respectively. Strikingly, genomes with the conserved position D614 were almost completely replaced by genomes with the G614 substitution between March to April 2020. A similar replacement pattern was observed with R203K/G204R although more marked in Chile, Argentina and Brazil, suggesting similar introduction history and/or control strategies of SARS-CoV-2 in these countries. It is necessary to continue with the genomic surveillance of S and N proteins during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic as this information can be useful for developing vaccines, therapeutics and diagnostic tests.
Management of pernio-like cutaneous manifestations in children during the outbreak of covid-19	Gallizzi,  R,  Sutera, et al	Dermatol Ther	Clinical data| Données cliniques	The aim of the study is to describe our management of these skin manifestations and to evaluate a possible correlation to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Nine patients aged between five and fifteen years old were evaluated. Skin lesions observed were purplish, erythematous and oedematous, in some cases painful and itchy. Six out of nine had respiratory and systemic symptoms (cough, nasal congestion, chills, fever, asthenia) that preceded cutaneous findings of approximately two weeks. Concerning blood exams, three out of nine had D-dimer weakly increased, four had ANA positivity: two with a title 1:160, one with 1:320 and one with 1:5120 and a speckled pattern. The latter patient had also ENA SS-A positive and RF positivity, confirmed at a second check, so as to allow us to make a diagnosis of connective tissue disease. Four out of nine had aPL positivity (IgM). Reactants acute phase were all negative. Oropharyngeal swabs and serology tests for SARS-CoV-2 was negative (borderline in one patient for IgM). No treatment was needed.
Finding Prediction of Interaction between SARS-CoV-2 and Human Protein: A Data Driven Approach	Ghosh,  Moumita,  Sil, et al	Research Square prepub	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	COVID-19 pandemic defined a worldwide health crisis into a humanitarian crisis. Amid this global emergency, human civilization is under enormous strain since no proper therapeutic method is discovered yet. A wave of research effort has been put towards the invention of therapeutics and vaccines against COVID-19. Contrarily, the spread of this fatal virus has already infected millions of people and claimed many lives all over the world. Computational biology can attempt to understand the protein-protein interactions between the viral protein and host protein. Therefore potential viral-host protein interactions can be identified which is known as crucial information towards the discovery of drugs. In this paper, we have presented an approach for predicting novel interactions from maximal biclusters. Additionally, the predicted interactions are verified from biological perspectives. For this, we conduct a study on the gene ontology and KEGG pathway in relation to the newly predicted interactions.
A UK survey of COVID-19 related social support closures and their effects on older people, people with dementia, and carers	Giebel,  C,  Lord, et al	Int J Geriatr Psychiatry	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The aim of this national survey was to explore the impact of COVID-19 public health measures on access to social support services and the effects of closures of services on the mental well-being of older people and those affected by dementia. A UK-wide online and telephone survey was conducted with older adults, people with dementia, and carers between April and May 2020. 569 participants completed the survey (61 people with dementia, 285 unpaid carers, and 223 older adults). Paired samples t-tests and X(2) -tests showed that the mean hour of weekly social support service usage and the number of people having accessed various services was significantly reduced post COVID-19. Multiple regression analyses showed that higher variations in social support service hours significantly predicted increased levels of anxiety in people with dementia and older adults, and lower levels of mental well-being in unpaid carers and older adults.
The psychological impact of fertility treatment suspensions during the COVID-19 pandemic	Gordon,  JL,  Balsom, et al	PLoS One	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study aimed to examine the psychological impact of fertility treatment suspensions resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic and to clarify psychosocial predictors of better or worse mental health. 92 women from Canada and the United States (ages 20-45 years) whose fertility treatments had been cancelled were recruited via social media. 52% of respondents endorsed clinical levels of depressive symptoms. On a 7-point scale, participants endorsed a significant decline in overall quality of life (M(SD) = -1.3(1.3), p < .0001) as well as a significant decline in mental health related to treatment suspensions on a scale from -5 to +5 (M(SD) = -2.1(2.1), p < .001). Several psychosocial variables were found to positively influence these outcomes: lower levels of defensive pessimism (r = -.25, p < .05), greater infertility acceptance (r = .51, p < .0001), better quality social support (r = .31, p < .01), more social support seeking (r = .35, p < .001) and less avoidance of infertility reminders (r = -.23, p = .029).
The Pediatric Solid Organ Transplant Experience with COVID-19: An Initial Multi-Center, Multi-Organ Case Series	Goss,  MB,  Galván, et al	Pediatr Transplant	Clinical data| Données cliniques	We herein report a multi-center, multi-organ cohort analysis of COVID-19 positive transplant recipients ≤ 18 years at time of transplant. Among 5 transplant centers, 26 patients (62% male) were reviewed with a median age of 8 years. 6 were heart recipients, 8 kidney, 10 liver, and 2 lung. Presenting symptoms included cough (n=12 (46%)), fever (n=9 (35%)), dry/sore throat (n=3 (12%)), rhinorrhea (n=3 (12%)), anosmia (n=2 (8%)), chest pain (n=2 (8%)), diarrhea (n=2 (8%)), dyspnea (n=1 (4%)), and headache (n=1 (4%)). Six patients (23%) were asymptomatic. No patient required supplemental oxygen, intubation, or ECMO. Eight patients (31%) were hospitalized at time of diagnosis, 3 of whom were already admitted for unrelated problems. Post-transplant immunosuppression was reduced for only 2 patients (8%). All symptomatic patients recovered within 7 days.
Efficacy of convalescent plasma according to blood groups in COVID-19 patients	HacibekİroĞlu,  T,  KalpakÇi, et al	Turk J Med Sci	Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	In this study, authors aim to investigate the efficacy of convalescent plasma (CP) according to blood groups (BGs) in the treatment of critically ill patients diagnosed with COVID-19. It was observed that the efficiency of CP without anti-A antibody was lower than that of plasma containing anti-A antibody, although it was not statistically significant.
SARS-CoV-2 infection of African green monkeys results in mild respiratory disease discernible by PET/CT imaging and shedding of infectious virus from both respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts	Hartman,  AL,  Nambulli, et al	PLoS Pathog	Animal model | Modèle animal	Infection of African green monkeys (AGM) with a low passage human isolate of SARS-CoV-2 by aerosol or mucosal exposure resulted in mild clinical infection with a transient decrease in lung tidal volume. Young AGM represent an species to study mild/subclinical COVID-19 disease and with possible insights into live virus shedding.
The Swedish Gamble and the Battle to Combat the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence from the Field	Hassan,  Mohammed Salah,  Halbusi, et al	Research Square prepub	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study aims to examine the direct effects of trust in the government and risk perception on self-efficacy during COVID-19. A focus on implementing successful policies or strategies and excellent individual self-efficacy are required to halt the pandemic, and the findings indicate that combining strictly attentive and adaptive individual strategies with government strategies can minimize the spread of infection.
The unfolding COVID-19 pandemic: A probability-based, nationally representative study of mental health in the U.S	Holman,  EA,  Thompson, et al	Sci Adv	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The COVID-19 pandemic is a collective stressor unfolding over time, yet rigorous published empirical studies addressing mental health consequences of COVID-19 among large probability-based national samples are rare. Between 3/18-4/18/20, during an escalating period of illness and death in the United States, we assessed acute stress, depressive symptoms and direct, community, and media-based exposures to COVID-19 in three consecutive representative samples across three 10-day periods (total N=6,514) from the U.S. probability-based nationally representative NORC AmeriSpeak panel. Acute stress and depressive symptoms increased significantly over time as COVID-19 deaths increased across the U.S. Pre-existing mental and physical health diagnoses, daily hours of COVID-19-related media exposure, exposure to conflicting COVID-19 information in media, and secondary stressors were all associated with acute stress and depressive symptoms. Results have implications for targeting of public health interventions and risk communication efforts to promote community resilience as the pandemic waxes and wanes over time.
Knowledge and Psychological Stress Related to COVID-19 Among Nursing Staff in a Hospital in China: Cross-Sectional Survey Study	Huang,  H,  Zhao, et al	JMIR Form Res	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	The objectives of this study were to evaluate the knowledge and psychological stress related to COVID-19 among nursing staff and to provide evidence of the need for targeted training and psychological intervention. This study indicated that nursing staff have insufficient knowledge about COVID-19.
Emergency department use during COVID-19 as described by syndromic surveillance	Hughes,  HE,  Hughes, et al	Emerg Med J	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This retrospective observational analysis of Emergency Department Syndromic Surveillance System (EDSSS) data in England aimed to describe changes in ED attendances during March–April 2020, and identify the attendance types with the largest impact. ED attendances in England have been particularly affected during the COVID-19 pandemic due to changes in healthcare seeking behaviour.
Estimating the treatment effect of the juvenile stay-at-home order on SARS-CoV-2 infection spread in Saline County, Arkansas	Hwang,  Neil,  Chatterjee, et al	arXiv	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	We investigate the treatment effect of the juvenile stay-at-home order (JSAHO) adopted in Saline County, Arkansas, from April 6 to May 7, in mitigating the growth of SARS-CoV-2 infection rates. To estimate the counterfactual control outcome for Saline County, we apply Difference-in-Differences and Synthetic Control design methodologies. Both approaches show that stay-at-home order (SAHO) significantly reduced the growth rate of the infections in Saline County during the period the policy was in effect, contrary to some of the findings in the literature that cast doubt on the general causal impact of SAHO with narrower scopes.
Fractures in Patients With COVID-19 Infection: Early Prognosis and Management. A Case Series of 20 Patients in a Single Institution in Lombardy, Northern Italy	Jannelli,  E,  Castelli, et al	J Orthop Trauma	Clinical data| Données cliniques	This case series includes 20 COVID-19 patients, with an average age of 82.35 years, eleven of which had a femur fracture. Laboratory data are in line with what is reported in recent studies, whereas a more invasive assisted ventilation is associated with a poor prognosis.
SARS-CoV-2 viral clearance during bone marrow aplasia after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation - a case report	Jarmoliński,  T,  Matkowska-Kocjan, et al	Pediatr Transplant	Clinical data| Données cliniques	This study reports a unique case of a child with viral pneumonia caused by coinfection with human metapneumovirus (MPV), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and SARS-CoV-2 after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Posttransplant care in HSCT recipients with COVID-19 infection is feasible in regular transplant units, provided the patient does not present with respiratory failure.
Does nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 infection result in increased 30-day mortality? A multi-centre observational study to identify risk factors for worse outcomes in COVID-19 disease	Khan,  KS,  Reed-Embleton, et al	J Hosp Infect	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	We aimed to determine whether nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 infection has worse outcomes than community-acquired disease. This was prospective cohort study of all hospitalised patients in three acute hospitals with confirmed COVID-19 on 9(th) April 2020. Patients were followed up for at least 30 days. Nosocomial infection was defined as a positive swab after 7 days of admission. 173 patients were identified; 19 (11.0%) had nosocomial infection. 32 (18.5%) had 30-day all-cause mortality; there was no statistically significant differences between 30-day mortality (21.1% vs 17.6% vs 21.6% respectively, p=0.755). Nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 infection is not associated with increased mortality compared with community acquired infection.
Classification and Region Analysis of COVID-19 Infection using Lung CT Images and Deep Convolutional Neural Networks	Khan,  Saddam Hussain,  Sohail, et al	arXiv	Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	This work proposes a two-stage deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) based framework for delineation of COVID-19 infected regions in Lung CT images. The promising results on an unseen test set suggest that the proposed framework has the potential to help the radiologists in the identification and analysis of COVID-19 infected regions.
Transmission of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 During Long Flight	Khanh,  NC,  Thai, et al	Emerg Infect Dis	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Transmission	Authors investigated a cluster of cases among passengers on a 10-hour commercial flight in order to assess the role of in-flight transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Guidelines for preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection among air passengers should consider individual passengers' risk for infection, the number of passengers traveling, and flight duration.
Predictors of Outcomes of COVID-19 in Patients with Chronic Liver Disease: US Multi-center Study	Kim,  D,  Adeniji, et al	Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	Authors undertook this study to identify the factors associated with adverse outcomes in patients with  Chronic liver disease (CLD) who acquire the novel coronavirus-2019 (COVID-19). The risk factors which predict higher overall mortality among patients with CLD and COVID-19 are alcohol-related liver disease (ALD), decompensated cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
Antibody-like proteins that capture and neutralize SARS-CoV-2	Kondo,  T,  Iwatani, et al	Sci Adv	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	To combat SARS-CoV-2 and any unknown emerging pathogens in the future, the development of a rapid and effective method to generate high-affinity antibodies or antibody-like proteins is of critical importance. We here report a high-speed in vitro selection of multiple high-affinity antibody-like proteins against various targets including the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. The sequences of monobodies against the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein were successfully procured within only four days. Furthermore, the obtained monobody efficiently captured SARS-CoV-2 particles from the nasal swab samples of patients and exhibited a high neutralizing activity against SARS-CoV-2 infection (IC(50) = 0.5 nM). The high-speed in vitro selection of antibody-like proteins would be useful for the rapid development of a detection method and a neutralizing protein against a virus responsible for an ongoing, and possibly a future, pandemic.
Association between procalcitonin levels and duration of mechanical ventilation in COVID-19 patients	Krause,  M,  Douin, et al	PLoS One	Clinical data| Données cliniques Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	We hypothesized that an elevated plasma procalcitonin level (>0.1 ng/ml) would be associated with the duration of invasive mechanical ventilation. Patients diagnosed with COVID-19, who were admitted to any of our health system's hospitals between March 9th-April 20th, 2020 and required invasive mechanical ventilation, were eligible for this observational cohort study. Patients with an initial procalcitonin level >0.1 ng/ml required a significantly longer duration of mechanical ventilation than patients with a level of ≤0.1 ng/ml (p = 0.021) in the univariate analysis. There was no significant difference in 28-day mortality or time to intubation between the two groups. After adjusted analysis using multivariable linear regression, the duration of mechanical ventilation was, on average, 5.6 (p = 0.016) days longer in patients with an initial procalcitonin level >0.1 ng/ml.
PMC7264932; Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in severe coronavirus disease 2019 pneumonia	Lahmer,  T,  Rasch, et al	Clin Microbiol Infect	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Report of two critically ill patients suggests that Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis  might be a relevant complication of severe COVID-19 pneumonia in analogy to experiences in severe influenza pneumonia.
Should face masks be worn to contain the spread of COVID-19 in the postlockdown phase?	Landi,  F,  Marzetti, et al	Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg	Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI)	The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of surgical face masks in filtering SARS-CoV-2. Four male patients with COVID-19 were recruited for the study. Two patients wore a surgical mask for 5 h, while two others did not. The spread of the virus in the environment was evaluated through the approved Allplex 2019-nCoV assay. In the room with the two patients without surgical masks, the swab performed on the headboard and sides of the beds was positive for SARS-CoV-2 contamination. In the other room, where two patients were wearing surgical masks, all of the swabs obtained after 5 h tested negative.
A Case of Early Re-infection with SARS-CoV-2	Larson,  D,  Brodniak, et al	Clin Infect Dis	Clinical data| Données cliniques Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	The clinical, epidemiological, and sequencing data of a case  (42-year-old healthy male military healthcare provider ) suggest early re-infection with SARSCoV-2, only 51 days after resolution of initial infection. Importantly, this was observed in a young immunocompetent patient. In contrast to the case reported by To et al., this second infection was more severe, potentially due to immune enhancement, acquisition of a more pathogenic strain, or perhaps a greater inoculum of infection as the second exposure was from within the household.
Is the weather-induced COVID-19 spread hypothesis a myth or reality? Evidence from the Russian Federation	Lasisi,  TT,  Eluwole, et al	Environ Sci Pollut Res Int	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	Several conspiracy theories and hypotheses have been postulated by some individuals from various strata of governance globally concerning the outbreak and spread of the novel coronavirus in the last quarter of 2019. A pertinent hypothesis is the correlation of meteorological elements to the spread of the pandemic. To verify this claim and also confirm the initial findings of Tosepu et al.'s (2020), this study investigated the Spearman rank-order correlation of the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases in the Russian Federation with temperature-maximum, minimum, and average as well as precipitation. Our findings indicated a stronger correlation between average temperature (r(s) = 0.75(***)) and also recorded significant correlations for the other variants of temperature. Hence, the hypothesis of weather-induced COVID-19 spread is substantiated.
Design and rationale of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, Phase 2/3 study evaluating dociparstat in acute lung injury associated with severe COVID-19	Lasky,  JosephA,  Fuloria, et al	Research Square prepub	RCT	This protocol describes a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, Phase 2/3 trial to determine the safety and efficacy of DSTAT added to standard of care, in hospitalized adults with COVID-19 who require supplemental oxygen.
Characteristics of Acute Kidney Injury in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients in an Urban Academic Medical Center	Lee,  JR,  Silberzweig, et al	Clin J Am Soc Nephrol	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	Retrospective cohort study of 1002 patients admitted from March 1 to April 19, 2020 through the Emergency Department at NewYork-Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medical Center.  Findings identified a high incidence of Acute Kidney Injury in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. A significant proportion did not have complete kidney function recovery, supporting the importance of CKD follow-up in patients with COVID-19.
SARS-CoV-2 molecular testing for the diagnosis of COVID-19: One test does not fit all	Li,  L,  Lowe, et al	J Med Virol	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Case  report of a healthy 33-year old female HCW who developed fevers after working several weeks in clinical assessment areas including the COVID-19 ward where appropriate PPE was used. Authors highlights several important aspects regarding SARS-CoV-2 testing.
Electrocardiograhic characteristics in patients with coronavirus infection: A single-center observational study	Li,  Y,  Liu, et al	Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	We aim to investigate ECG characteristics in COVID-19 patients and risk factors of intensive care unit (ICU) admission. This retrospective observational study included the patients with COVID-19 at the Wuhan Asia General hospital between February 10, and 26, 2020. s (38%). Among 135 included patients (median age: 64 years interquartile range: 48-72]), ST-T abnormalities (40%) were the most common ECG feature, followed by arrhythmias (38%). Cardiovascular disease (CVD) was presented in 48% of the patients. Six (4.4%) died during hospitalization, and 23 (17.0%) were admitted to the ICU. Compared with non-ICU group, the ICU group showed higher heart rate (p = .019) and P-wave duration (p = .039) and was more frequently associated with CVD (p < .001), ST-T abnormalities (p = .007), arrhythmias (p = .003), QTc interval prolongation (p = .003), and pathological Q waves (p < .001). Twenty-seven patients were re-examined ECG during admission, and 17 of them presented new findings compared with their initial ECG presentations. ST-T abnormalities (p = .040) and history of CVD (p = .0047) were associated with increased risk of ICU hospitalization.
Structural, biophysical and biochemical elucidation of the SARS-CoV-2 nonstructural protein 3 macro domain	Lin,  MH,  Chang, et al	ACS Infect Dis	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	The pandemic outbreak of a novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, has threatened the global public health and economy since late December 2019. SARS-CoV-2 encodes the conserved macro domain within non-structural protein 3, which may reverse cellular ADP-ribosylation and potentially cut the signal of a viral infection in the cell. Herein, we report that the SARS-CoV-2 macro domain was examined as a poly-ADPR binding module and possessing mono-ADPR cleavage enzyme activity. After confirming the ADPR binding ability via a biophysical approach, the X-ray crystal structure of the SARS-CoV-2 macro domain was determined and structurally compared with those of other viruses. This study provides structural, biophysical, and biochemical bases to further evaluate the role of the SARS-CoV-2 macro domain in the host response via ADP-ribose binding but also as a potential target for drug design against COVID-19.
High rates of severe disease and death due to SARS-CoV-2 infection in rheumatic disease patients treated with rituximab: a descriptive study	Loarce-Martos,  J,  García-Fernández, et al	Rheumatol Int	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	The objective of this study is to describe the characteristics and outcomes of rheumatic and musculoskeletal disease (RMD) patients who were treated with rituximab and had suspected or confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. In this descriptive study, RMD patients who were treated with rituximab in the last 12 months at the Rheumatology Department of our hospital were screened for SARS-CoV-2 infection via telephone interview and a comprehensive review of clinical health records (01/02/2020-26/05/2020). Those with probable or confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were included. In total, 76 patients were screened. Of these, 13 (17.1%) had suspected or confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. With regard to these 13 patients, the median age at coronavirus disease (COVID-19) diagnosis was 68 years (range 28-76 years) and 8 (61.5%) were female. Five patients had rheumatoid arthritis, three had systemic vasculitis, two had Sjögren syndrome, and two had systemic lupus erythematosus. Additionally, seven patients (53.8%) had pulmonary involvement secondary to RMD. Eight patients (61.5%) developed severe disease leading to hospitalization, and seven developed bilateral pneumonia and respiratory insufficiency. Of the eight hospitalized patients, five (62.5%) fulfilled the acute respiratory distress syndrome criteria and three developed a critical disease and died. Our cohort had a high rate of severe disease requiring hospitalization (61.5%), with bilateral pneumonia and hyperinflammation leading to a high mortality rate (23.1%). Treatment with rituximab should be considered a possible risk factor for unfavorable outcomes in COVID-19 patients with RMD. However, further study is required to confirm this association.
Antisense oligonucleotides target a nearly invariant structural element from the SARS-CoV-2 genome and drive RNA degradation	Lulla,  Valeria,  Wandel, et al	bioRxiv	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	The SARS-CoV-2 virus contains an unusually large, single-stranded RNA genome that is punctuated with structured elements of unknown function, such as the s2m element located in the 3’ untranslated region. The evolutionary conservation of the s2m element and its occurrence in all viral subgenomic transcripts implicates a key role in the viral infection cycle. In order to exploit this element as a potential therapeutic target, we have designed antisense “gapmer” oligonucleotides that efficiently base-pair to the s2m region. These oligonucleotides, composed of locked nucleic acids (LNA) flanking a central DNA core, successfully remodel the s2m structure and induce sequence-specific RNA cleavage by RNase H in vitro. Gapmers are also effective in human cells as they reduce the fluorescence signal in GFP reporter assays and cause a dose-dependent reduction in replication in a model replicon system based on a human astrovirus. Overall, these oligonucleotides show promise as anti-viral agents and may serve as a helpful starting point to develop treatments for COVID-19.Competing Interest StatementThe authors have declared no competing interest.
Prevalence and recovery time of olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions of hospitalized patients with COVID‑19 in Wuhan, China	Lv,  H,  Zhang, et al	Int J Infect Dis	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Our objective was to investigate olfactory and/or gustatory dysfunctions (OD and/or GD) in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan using a telephone interview. Among the patients, 51.4% had a recovery time of more than 4 weeks for OD and/or GD.
Hospital-in-the-home experience of first 23 COVID-19 patients at a regional NSW hospital	Lwin,  N,  Burgess, et al	Intern Med J	Clinical data| Données cliniques Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This study is a summary of our COVID Hospital in the Home (HITH) service and clinical presentation of COVID‐19 patients in New South Wales. About half of the patients only required telehealth assessment. During the initial operating days of HITH COVID team, there was no dedicated clinic which could have potentially prevented some emergency presentations. Our service developed COVID‐19 screening questionnaires including initial assessment and daily monitoring tool as well as utilising portable oximeter to assess individual patients' severity of symptoms, stage of illness and risk of deterioration.
Microdroplet and spatter contamination during phacoemulsification cataract surgery in the era of COVID-19	McGhee,  CNJ,  Dean, et al	Clin Exp Ophthalmol	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This is a pilot study Pilot study involving phacoemulsification cataract surgery on enucleated porcine eyes by experienced ophthalmologists in an ophthalmic operating theatre in order to determine cataract surgery risk in the Covid-19 era. Results find that cataract phacoemulsification generates microdroplets and spatter. Until further studies on SARS‐CoV‐2 transmission via microdroplets or aerosolisation of ocular fluid are reported, this pilot study only supports standard personal protective equipment.
Detection of Change Points in Piecewise Polynomial Signals Using Trend Filtering	Mehrizi,  RezaV,  Chenouri, et al	arXiv	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	In this paper, we propose a change point detection method, PRUTF, based on trend filtering. By providing a comprehensive dual solution path for trend filtering, PRUTF allows us to discover change points of the underlying signal for either a given value of the regularization parameter or a specific number of steps of the algorithm. We then apply our method to three real-world datasets including Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic.
Placental Pathology Findings during and after SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Features of Villitis and Malperfusion	Menter,  T,  Mertz, et al	Pathobiology	Clinical data| Données cliniques	We present a series of five placentas of SARS coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-positive women who had been diagnosed with mild symptoms of COVID-19 or had been asymptomatic before birth. We provide a detailed histopathologic description of morphological changes accompanied by an analysis of presence of SARS-CoV-2 in the placental tissue.
The Impact of Sociodemographic Factors, Comorbidities and Physiologic Response on 30-day Mortality in COVID-19 Patients in Metropolitan Detroit	Miller,  J,  Fadel, et al	Clin Infect Dis	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	This report assesses risk factors associated with mortality in patients presenting with Covid-19 infection and healthcare disparities in Detroit. In this large cohort of COVID-19 patients (n = 3, 633), those with comorbidities, advanced age, and physiological abnormalities on presentation had higher odds of death. Disparities in income or source of health insurance were not associated with outcomes.
Clinician Telemedicine Perceptions During the COVID-19 Pandemic	Miner,  H,  Fatehi, et al	Telemed J E Health	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	We studied factors independently associated with a clinician desiring to continue telemedicine services after the COVID-19 pandemic. Secondarily, we sought factors independently associated with clinician satisfaction with the quality of care provided through telemedicine and factors associated with telemedicine platform preference by clinicians. A  desire to continue offering telemedicine visits after the COVID-19 pandemic was independently associated with a higher satisfaction with the quality of telemedicine care, endorsement of the ease of performing a physical examination with telemedicine, belief that adaptability is an important element of being a clinician, and less preference for in-person work meetings over virtual meetings.
A Case of "Relapsing" COVID-19 in a Kidney Transplant Recipient	Mingyao,  MB,  Ngai, et al	Nephrology (Carlton)	Clinical data| Données cliniques	We report a kidney transplant recipient with COVID‐19 who presented with pneumonitis and acute kidney injury (AKI). This case illustrates the risk of relapse or persisting shedding of SARS‐CoV‐2 in immunosuppressed patients, the important role of viral load monitoring in management, the challenges in balancing the risks of COVID‐19 progression and transplant rejection, and the pharmacokinetic interaction between immunosuppressive and antiviral medications.
Evaluation and Comparison of the Hologic Aptima SARS-CoV-2 and the CDC 2019 nCoV real-time RT-PCR Diagnostic Panel using a Four-Sample Pooling Approach	Mitchell,  SL,  Ventura, et al	J Clin Microbiol	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	We evaluated four-sample pooling using the CDC 2019 nCoV Real-Time RT-PCR Diagnostic Panel (CDC) and the Hologic Aptima SARS-CoV-2 TMA assay (TMA), with 25% of samples having values within 2-3 CTs of the assay’s limit of detection, as per FDA guidance. Overall, this study supports that a four-sample pooling strategy on either the CDC or TMA platform retains >90% sensitivity for detection of SARS-CoV-2.
The importance of patients' case-mix for the correct interpretation of the hospital fatality rate in COVID-19 disease	Monforte,  AD,  Tavelli, et al	Int J Infect Dis	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	We aimed to document data on the epidemiology and factors associated with clinical course leading to death of patients hospitalised with COVID-19 in this prospective observational cohort study that took place in Milan, Italy. Older age, burden of comorbidities, COVID-19 disease severity, inflammatory markers at admission were independent predictors of increased risk, while several drug-combinations were predictors of reduced risk of in-hospital death.
Hypokalemia as a sensitive biomarker of disease severity and invasive mechanical ventilation requirement in COVID-19 pneumonia: a case series of 306 Mediterranean patients	Moreno-Pérez,  O,  Leon-Ramirez, et al	Int J Infect Dis	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	The objective was to investigate whether hypokalemia acts as a biomarker of severity in COVID-19 pneumonia, and associates with major clinical outcomes. 306 patients were enrolled. Ninety-four patients (30.7%) had hypokalemia, showing at baseline significantly higher comorbidity (Charlson index ≥3, 30.0% vs. 16.3%)(p = 0.02), CURB65 scores (1.5(0.0-3.0) vs. 1.0(0.0-2.0))(p = 0.04), and some inflammatory parameters. After adjustment for confounders, hypokalemia was independently associated with requiring IMV during the admission (OR 8.98; 95%CI 2.54-31.74). Mortality was 15.0% (n = 46) and was not influenced by low K + . Hypokalemia was associated with longer hospital and ICU stay.
Respiratory Rehabilitation After Blood Transfusion in a COVID-19 Patient: A Case Report	Mousavi,  Mohammad Javad,  Obeidi, et al	Research Square prepub	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Case report of a 63-year-old man with a history of smoking and addiction who came to our hospital facility with fever, shortness of breath and decreased blood oxygen saturation. Here, for the first time, improvement of oxygen delivery and oxygen saturation levels were observed in a COVID-19 patient using packed red blood cells (PRBCs) transfusion.
Effects of Asthma and Human Rhinovirus A16 on the Expression of the SARS-CoV-2 Entry Factors in Human Airway Epithelium	Murphy,  RC,  Lai, et al	Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Our findings demonstrate that  human rhinovirus-A16 (HRV-A16) infection significantly upregulates the expression of the ACE2 and TMPRSS2 in epithelial cells and indicates ACE2 expression is regulated by IFNb1. Our results further refine the relationship between asthma and the expression of the ACE2 and TMPRSS2 in the airway epithelium by identifying relationships to airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and lung function.
Initial chest radiographs and artificial intelligence (AI) predict clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients: analysis of 697 Italian patients	Mushtaq,  J,  Pennella, et al	Eur Radiol	Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	Six hundred ninety-seven 697 patients were included in the study. Multivariate analyses adjusting for demographics and comorbidities showed that an AI system-based score ≥ 30 on the initial CXR was an independent predictor both for mortality (HR 2.60 (95% CI 1.69 − 3.99; p < 0.001)) and critical COVID-19 (HR 3.40 (95% CI 2.35–4.94; p < 0.001)). Other independent predictors were older age, male sex, coronary artery disease, COPD, and neurodegenerative disease.
Clinical outcomes of patients with COVID-19 and HIV coinfection	Nagarakanti,  SR,  Okoh, et al	J Med Virol	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	Twenty‐three patients with HIV were hospitalized with COVID‐19. Median age was 59 years. The rates of in‐hospital death, the need for mechanical ventilation and intensive care unit admission were 13% (n=3), 9% (n=2) and 9% (n=2) respectively. The HIV infection was well controlled in all patients except for 3 patients who had presented with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). All AIDS patients were discharged home uneventfully.
Case of COVID-19 infection and polycythaemia presenting with massive acute pulmonary embolism	Nawazani,  A,  Ghanaim, et al	BMJ Case Rep	Clinical data| Données cliniques	We are reporting a middle-aged male patient with polycythaemia vera comorbidity. The patient was exhibiting symptoms including fever, cough and shortness of breath and was found to have acute pulmonary embolism. He was diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2. This case suggests that a high index of suspicion should be taken into consideration for thromboembolic events, when treating patients with COVID-19 with breathing difficulty and low oxygen saturation levels, especially in those who have underlying predisposing conditions for coagulopathy.
Impact of Treatment with Renin-Angiotensin System Inhibitors on Clinical Outcomes in Hypertensive Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19	Negreira-Caamaño,  M,  Piqueras-Flores, et al	High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	To study the association between  angiotensin-converter enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) or aldosterone receptor blockers (ARB) treatments and major adverse outcomes during hospitalisation in COVID-19 patients. We studied 545 consecutive hypertensive patients admitted to our institution due to COVID-19 with respiratory involvement. 188 (34.5%) patients presented the combined endpoint. 182 (33.4%) patients died, and 21 (3.9%) needed mechanical ventilatory support. Patients with previous treatment with ACEi or ARB presented similar incidence of the combined endpoint during hospitalisation (31.6% vs. 41.8%; p = 0.08), with a lower all-cause mortality rate (30.4% vs. 41.2%; p = 0.03) compared with those without prior treatment. Use of ACEi or ARB was not independently associated with lower incidence of the combined endpoint [Adjusted OR 0.675 (95% CI 0.298–1.528; p = 0.146)], but it was associated with lower mortality [Adjusted OR 0.550 (95% CI 0.304–0.930; p = 0.047)].
A nomogram to predict the risk of unfavourable outcome in COVID-19: a retrospective cohort of 279 hospitalized patients in Paris area	Nguyen,  Y,  Corre, et al	Ann Med	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	Between March 15th and April 14th, 2020, 279 COVID-19 patients were hospitalized after a median of 7 days after the first symptoms. Among them, 88 (31.5%) patients had an unfavourable outcome: 48 were admitted to the ICU for artificial ventilation, and 40 patients died without being admitted to ICU. Multivariable analyses retained age, overweight, polypnoea, fever, high C-reactive protein, elevated us troponin-I, and lymphopenia as risk factors of an unfavourable outcome.
Discovery of SARS-CoV-2 antiviral synergy between remdesivir and approved drugs in human lung cells	Nguyenla,  Xammy,  Wehri, et al	bioRxiv	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	We conducted combinatorial high-throughput screening in the presence of submaximal remdesivir concentrations, using a human lung epithelial cell line infected with a clinical isolate of SARS-CoV-2. We identified 20 approved drugs that act synergistically with remdesivir, many with favorable pharmacokinetic and safety profiles. Strongest effects were observed with established antivirals, Hepatitis C virus nonstructural protein 5 A (HCV NS5A) inhibitors velpatasvir and elbasvir. Combination with their partner drugs sofosbuvir and grazoprevir further increased efficacy, increasing remdesivir’s apparent potency 25-fold.
Ultrasensitive high-resolution profiling of early seroconversion in patients with COVID-19	Norman,  M,  Gilboa, et al	Nat Biomed Eng	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	Here, we report a multiplexed assay for the fluorescence-based detection of seroconversion in infected individuals from less than 1 µl of blood, and as early as the day of the first positive nucleic acid test after symptom onset.
Combined anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgA, IgG, and IgM Detection as a Better Strategy to Prevent Second Infection Spreading Waves	Nuccetelli,  M,  Pieri, et al	Immunol Invest	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	In our study we evaluated anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgA, IgM, and IgG trend on a control group and on two COVID-19 patient groups (early and late infection time) with a lateral-flow combined immunoassay (LFIA) and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Dissimilar antibodies time kinetics have been described in COVID-19 (decreasing IgM concentration with IgA/IgG persistence for a longer time; as well as persistent IgA, IgG, and IgM concentration); our results confirmed both of them depending on the methodology; therefore, it is difficult to compare different studies outcomes, suggesting the importance of a serological tests international standardization. Nevertheless, we propose a flowchart with combined anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG/IgM/IgA detection as a screening on general population, where serological positivity should be considered as an “alert,” to avoid and contain possible new outbreaks.
Implications of the COVID-19 lockdown on dengue transmission in Malaysia	Ong,  Song-Quan,  Ahmad, et al	bioRxiv	Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	We compared the Malaysia weekly epidemiological records of dengue incidences during the period of lockdown to the trend of previous years (2015 to 2019) and a simulation at the corresponding period that expected no movement restrictions. We found that the dengue incidence declined significantly with a greater magnitude at phase 1 of lockdown, with a negative gradient of 3.2-fold steeper than the trend observed in previous years and 6.5-fold steeper than the simulation, indicating that the control of population movement did reduce dengue transmission. However, starting from phase 2 of lockdown, the dengue incidences demonstrated an elevation and earlier rebound by at least 4 weeks and grew with an exponential pattern compared to the simulation and previous years. The abundance of the mosquito was increasing steadily during the period of lockdown, and demonstrated strong correlation with the locally reported dengue incidences.
Affine analysis for quantitative PCR measurements	Patrone,  PN,  Romsos, et al	Anal Bioanal Chem	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	WSe consider data analysis for quantitative polymerase chain-reaction (qPCR) measurements. We derive a theoretical result specifying the conditions under which all qPCR amplification curves (including their plateau phases) are identical up to an affine transformation, i.e. a multiplicative factor and horizontal shift. We use this result to develop a data analysis procedure for determining when an amplification curve exhibits characteristics of a true signal. The main idea behind this approach is to invoke a criterion based on constrained optimization that assesses when a measurement signal can be mapped to a master reference curve.
Measurement of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater tracks community infection dynamics	Peccia,  J,  Zulli, et al	Nat Biotechnol	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	We measured severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA concentrations in primary sewage sludge in the New Haven, Connecticut, USA, metropolitan area during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in Spring 2020. SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected throughout the more than 10-week study and, when adjusted for time lags, tracked the rise and fall of cases seen in SARS-CoV-2 clinical test results and local COVID-19 hospital admissions. Relative to these indicators, SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentrations in sludge were 0–2 d ahead of SARS-CoV-2 positive test results by date of specimen collection, 0–2 d ahead of the percentage of positive tests by date of specimen collection, 1–4 d ahead of local hospital admissions and 6–8 d ahead of SARS-CoV-2 positive test results by reporting date.
Efficacy of Povidone-Iodine Nasal and Oral Antiseptic Preparations Against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)	Pelletier,  JS,  Tessema, et al	Ear Nose Throat J	Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI)	This study evaluated nasal and oral antiseptic formulations of povidone-iodine (PVP-I) for the virucidal activity against SARS-CoV-2. Nasal and oral PVP-I antiseptic solutions are effective at inactivating the SARS-CoV-2 at a variety of concentrations after 60-second exposure times.
Tocilizumab for severe COVID-19 in solid organ transplant recipients: a matched case-control study	Pereira,  MR,  Aversa, et al	Am J Transplant	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	We evaluated the clinical characteristics and outcomes of 29 hospitalized solid organ transplant recipients who received tocilizumab for severe COVID-19, compared to a matched control group who did not. In this study,  tocilizumab appeared to be safe but was not associated with decreased 90-day mortality, hospital discharge, or secondary infections.
SARS-CoV-2 infection does not induce HIV viral escape in Central Nervous System: a case series	Pinnetti,  C,  Vergori, et al	Int J Infect Dis	Clinical data| Données cliniques	We report two cases of HIV positive patients with COVID-19 infection and a recent diagnosis of opportunistic infections of central nervous system (CNS). We investigated the potential impact of coinfection with SARS-CoV-2 on HIV replication in CNS.
Lower ST-elevation myocardial infarction incidence during COVID-19 epidemic in Northern Europe	Piuhola,  J,  Kerkelä, et al	Scand Cardiovasc J	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	We compared the ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) incidence during COVID-19 pandemic (March 2020) to January-February 2020 and to same time period in earlier years 2017-2019 in five Nordic-Baltic tertiary centers. During 2017-2019, there were no marked differences in STEMI incidence between January, February and March. During 2020, there was an average drop of 32% in STEMI incidence in March. The isolation measures may decrease the risk for respiratory virus infection and contribute to the lower STEMI incidence.
Different presentation of pulmonary parenchymal disruption in COVID-19 pneumonia. Case series of Sub-Intensive Care Unit in Naples, Italy	Polistina,  GE,  Simioli, et al	Monaldi Arch Chest Dis	Clinical data| Données cliniques	In our single center case series in Naples, Italy, we outline four different manifestations of pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum and cysts in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 pneumonia.
Usefulness of PCR Screening in the Initial Triage of Trauma Patients During COVID-19 Pandemic	Porcel-Vazquez,  J,  Andres-Peiro, et al	J Orthop Trauma	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	Through a retrospective cohort study, we evaluated the use of quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) screening for COVID-19 on admission for all patients with fractures. In total, 9 (15.8%) asymptomatic patients  tested positive at any moment. Symptom-based screening for COVID-19 has shown to be specific (92.1%) but not sensitive (52.6%). RT-qPCR testing on admission can help minimize the risk of nosocomial and occupational infection.
High anxiety and health-related quality-of-life in families with children with food allergy during COVID-19	Protudjer,  JLP,  Golding, et al	Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The objective of this mixed methods study was to characterize the levels of anxiety of mothers of food allergic children aged 0-8 years, compared to families without a food allergic child, as well as health-related quality of life (HRQL) amongst food allergic children during the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada. Mothers with food allergic children reported high anxiety and poor HRQL. Yet, qualitatively, day-to-day food allergy management was better during the pandemic.
Fused Deep Convolutional Neural Network for Precision Diagnosis of COVID-19 Using Chest X-Ray Images	Ragb,  HussinK,  Dover, et al	arXiv	Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	In this paper we propose a computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) to accurately classify chest X-ray scans of COVID-19 and normal subjects by fine-tuning several neural networks pre-trained on the ImageNet dataset. everal experiments are conducted on the weakly labeled COVID-19-CT-CXR dataset consisting of 263 COVID-19 CXR images extracted from PubMed Central Open Access subsets combined with 25 normal classification CXR images. Using k-fold cross-validation and a bagging classifier ensemble, we achieve an accuracy of 99.7% and a sensitivity of 100%.
Racial Disparities in COVID-19 Hospitalization and In-hospital Mortality at the Height of the New York City Pandemic	Renelus,  BD,  Khoury, et al	J Racial Ethn Health Disparities	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	The objective of this single-center retrospective cohort study was to investigate whether or not race is associated with differences in hospitalization and survival to discharge among patients with COVID-19 at the height of the pandemic in New York City (NYC). Blacks were nearly twice as likely as Whites to require hospitalization for COVID-19. Hispanics were more likely to suffer in-hospital mortality from COVID-19 compared with Whites.
A computational approach to drug repurposing against SARS-CoV-2 RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp)	Ribaudo,  G,  Ongaro, et al	J Biomol Struct Dyn	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	We here report the results regarding the screening of a database containing more than 8800 molecules, including approved, experimental, nutraceutical, illicit, withdrawn and investigational compounds. The molecules were docked against the cryo-electron microscopy structure of SARS-CoV-2 RdRp, optimized by means of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The adopted three-stage ensemble docking study underline that compounds formerly developed as kinase inhibitors may interact with RdRp.
Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in an Asymptomatic US Population	Rigatti,  Steven,  Stout, et al	Research Square prepub	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Immunology | Immunologie	We performed SARS-CoV-2 antibody tests on 50,257 consecutive life insurance applicants who were having blood drawn for the purpose of underwriting mortality risk. The overall prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 was 3.0%, and was fairly consistent across the age range and similar in males and females. Geographical distribution revealed a very high level of positivity in the state of New York compared to all other areas (17.1%). Using US Census state population data to adjust state specific rates of positivity, it is estimated that this level of seropositivity would correspond to 6.98 million SARS-CoV-2 infections in the US, which is 3.8 times the cumulative number of cases in the US reported to the CDC as of June 1, 2020.
SARS-CoV-2 spreads to lymph nodes and strongly expands CD4+ TEMRA cells in a patient with mild COVID-19	Roldán-Santiago,  E,  Benito-Berlinches, et al	Clin Infect Dis	Clinical data| Données cliniques	A woman with mild Covid-19 developed cervical adenopathy, being diagnosed of Epstein-Barr virus infectious mononucleosis. After a FNAP we demonstrate that SARS-CoV-2 is found in lymph nodes (LNs) even in mild disease along with a strong expansion of terminally differentiated effector memory CD4+T-cells , a cell population that is practically absent in LN.
Environmental and psychological variables influencing reactions to the COVID-19 outbreak	Rubaltelli,  E,  Tedaldi, et al	Br J Health Psychol	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	We studied how media outlets, risk perception, state anxiety, and emotion regulation impacted peoples' reactions and undertaking of protective behaviours aimed at reducing the spread of the virus in Italy. An interaction between wave, risk perception, and emotion regulation predicted the number of protective behaviours people undertook. Specifically, in the second wave, the number of protective behaviours was predicted by risk perception only among those who were ineffective at regulating emotions.  In the second wave, we also found that the risk perception by emotion interaction predicting protective behaviours was mediated by state anxiety.
Communication Technology Preferences of Hospitalized and Institutionalized Frail Older Adults During COVID-19 Confinement: Cross-Sectional Survey Study	Sacco,  G,  Lléonart, et al	JMIR Mhealth Uhealth	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	Our objectives were to determine which virtual communication method (ie, telephone call or video call) was preferred by confined older hospital patients and nursing home residents and the variables influencing this preference. Older people confined to health care settings were able to complete telephone calls more independently than video calls, and they tended to use telephone calls more often than video calls. The satisfaction degrees were similar with both modalities and even greater with video calls among long-term care and nursing home residents when they were given assistance to establish communication.
The Forgotten Element in the Resumption of Elective Bariatric Surgery During the COVID-19 Pandemic: the Patient Consent!	Said,  M,  Hamed, et al	Obes Surg	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study presents a survey of 266 bariatric candidates who were rescheduled for bariatric surgery after postponement during the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim was to assess their knowledge and expectations regarding bariatric surgery and the risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection.
Clinical features and outcomes of thoracic surgery patients during the COVID-19 pandemic	Salmerón Jiménez,  M,  Hermoso Alarza, et al	Eur J Cardiothorac Surg	Clinical data| Données cliniques Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	The goal of this study was to describe the clinical features and outcomes of thoracic surgery patients during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. A total of 34 patients underwent surgery during the pandemic period. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 represents a tremendous limitation for thoracic surgical practice. Preoperative practices to exclude asymptomatic cases infected with the virus allowed us to perform thoracic surgical procedures.
Transthoracic echocardiographic findings in patients admitted with SARS-CoV-2 infection	Schott,  JP,  Mertens, et al	Echocardiography	Clinical data| Données cliniques	The purpose of this study was to report transthoracic echocardiographic (TTE) findings in SARS‐CoV‐2 patients with correlating troponin and D‐dimer levels. Sixty‐six of 1780 SARS‐CoV‐2 patients were included and represented a high‐risk population as 38 (57.6%) were ICU‐admitted, 47 (71.2%) had elevated D‐dimer, 41 (62.1%) had elevated troponin, and 25 (37.9%) died. TTE in SARS‐CoV‐2 patients is scarce, technically difficult, and reserved for high‐risk patients.
Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in a cat owned by a COVID-19-affected patient in Spain	Segalés,  J,  Puig, et al	Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A	Clinical data| Données cliniques zoonoses	In the present report, a cat from a family with several relatives affected by COVID-19 developed severe respiratory clinical signs, leading to humanitarian euthanasia. Due to the suspicion of a potential COVID-19 infection in the cat, different antemortem and postmortem tests were assayed. The clinical condition was finally attributed to a feline hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, but the animal was also infected by SARS-CoV-2.
Detection of COVID-19 from Chest X-Ray Images Using Convolutional Neural Networks	Sekeroglu,  B,  Ozsahin, et al	SLAS Technol	Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	In this study, we aimed to present the use of deep learning for the high-accuracy detection of COVID-19 using chest X-ray images. Publicly available X-ray images (1583 healthy, 4292 pneumonia, and 225 confirmed COVID-19) were used in the experiments, which involved the training of deep learning and machine learning classifiers. A mean sensitivity of 93.84%, mean specificity of 99.18%, mean accuracy of 98.50%, and mean receiver operating characteristics–area under the curve scores of 96.51% are achieved.
Identification of potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 main protease and spike receptor from 10 important spices through structure-based virtual screening and molecular dynamic study	Sen,  D,  Debnath, et al	J Biomol Struct Dyn	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	This work identifies the potential inhibitors of the main protease (Mpro) and spike (S) receptor of SARS-CoV-2 from 10 readily available spices. The highest potential inhibitors are nine compounds, available in onion, garlic, ginger, peppermint, chili and fenugreek. All the spices are edible and might be used as home remedies against COVID-19 after proper biological evaluation.
Community knowledge, perceptions and practices around COVID-19 in Sierra Leone: a nationwide, cross-sectional survey	Sengeh,  P,  Jalloh, et al	BMJ Open	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	We  assess the public’s knowledge, attitudes and practices about the novel coronavirus in Sierra Leone to inform an evidence-based communication strategy around COVID-19. This study shows that in the context of COVID-19 in Sierra Leone, there is a strong association between knowledge and practices. Because the knowledge gap differs between genders, regions, educational levels and age, it is important that messages are specifically targeted to these core audiences.
Factors Associated with Psychological Distress and Physical Activity During the COVID-19 Pandemic	Sfendla,  A,  Hadrya, et al	Health Secur	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	We assess the psychological distress of citizens through a questionnaire of 256 residents of Morocco during the COVID-19 public health emergency. From multiple regression analysis, variables correlated with general distress were type of quarantine, gender, age, education level, chronic disease, and smoking.  Individuals who were moderately or sufficiently active physically reported less psychological distress.
Thrombotic and haemorrhagic complications in critically ill patients with COVID-19: a multicentre observational study	Shah,  A,  Donovan, et al	Crit Care	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	The aim of this study was to define the incidence of thrombotic and haemorrhagic complications in critically ill patients with COVID-19. We conducted a multicentre retrospective observational study evaluating all the COVID-19 patients received in four intensive care units (ICUs) of four tertiary hospitals in the UK between March 15, 2020, and May 05, 2020. A total of 187 patients were included. Critically ill patients with COVID-19 experience high rates of venous and arterial thrombotic complications. The rates of bleeding may be higher than previously reported.
STAT3 isoforms differentially affect ACE2 expression: A potential target for COVID-19 therapy	Shamir,  I,  Abutbul-Amitai, et al	J Cell Mol Med	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	We silenced the expression of STAT3α and STAT3β, and found that while silencing STAT3α causes an increase in ACE2 expression, silencing STAT3β causes the opposite effect. Studying the role of STAT3 in ACE2 expression will shed light on the molecular events that contribute to the progression of COVID-19. Our results place STAT3 in line with additional potential therapeutic targets for treating COVID‐19 patients.
Statistical Analysis of Covid-19(SARS-Cov-2) Patients Data of Karnataka, India	Sharma,  Ravi,  Sharma, et al	Research Square prepub	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	For current study, Karnataka state data has taken and Chi square test is performed to find relationship between gender (male and female), age group (less than 18, 19 to 40, 41 to 65 and greater than 65) and current status (recovered, hospitalized and deceased). Our results show that gender is independent of current status and age group is dependent upon current status and age group and gender relationship is also dependent.
Clinical characteristics of moderate and severe cases with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective study	Sheng,  L,  Wang, et al	Clin Exp Med	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	With the outbreak of COVID-19 ongoing, this infectious disease has been posing a significant threat to public health. However, we are still relatively inexperienced on recognizing the clinical characteristics of severe COVID-19 and death cases. Therefore, we hereby collected and analyzed a total of 232 cases to illustrate the clinical characteristics of such patients in Wuhan and to find notable marks for early clinical warning. We consider age, comorbidities, platelet count, albumin, D-dimer, LDH, CRP and IL-6 level might be more meaningful marks for COVID-19 prognostic evaluation.
Quantitative High-speed Assessment of Droplet and Aerosol from an Eye after Impact with an Air-puff Amid COVID-19 Scenario	Shetty,  R,  Balakrishnan, et al	J Glaucoma	Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI) Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	In an experimental set up, non-contact tonometry (NCT) was performed on eyes (n=8) of human volunteers under normal setting, with a single and 2 drops of lubricant. High speed shadowgraphy, frontal lighting technique and fluorescein analysis were used to detect the possible generation of any droplets and aerosols. In natural setting, there was no droplet or aerosol production. Minimal splatter along with droplet ejection was observed when 1 drop of lubricant was used prior to NCT. When 2 drops of lubricant were instilled, we noted significant amount of fluid ejection in the form a sheet which broke up into multiple droplets. NCT should be avoided in conditions with high tear volume (natural or artificial) as it would lead to droplet spread and tactile contamination.
SARS-CoV-2 Nsp1 suppresses host but not viral translation through a bipartite mechanism	Shi,  Ming,  Wang, et al	bioRxiv	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	The SARS-CoV-2 nonstructural protein 1 (Nsp1) is known to inhibit host protein translation and could be a target for antiviral therapy. Here, we report a bipartite mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 Nsp1 which operates by: (1) hijacking the host ribosome via direct interaction of its C-terminal domain (CT) with the 40S ribosomal subunit and (2) specifically lifting this inhibition for SARS-CoV-2 via a direct interaction of its N-terminal domain (NT) with the 5' untranslated region (5′ UTR) of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA. Our data provide a comprehensive view on how Nsp1 switches infected cells from host mRNA translation to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA translation, and that Nsp1 and 5′ UTR may be targeted for anti-COVID-19 therapeutics
Mutational signatures in countries affected by SARS-CoV-2: Implications in host-pathogen interactome	Singh,  J,  Singh, et al	bioRxiv	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	Using high-quality large dataset of 25k whole-genome sequences, we show emergence of new cluster of mutations as result of geographic evolution of SARS-CoV-2 in local population (≥10%) of different nations. These mutations have either significantly co-occurred in globally dominant strains or have shown mutual exclusivity in other cases. We also see exclusive dominant mutations such as in Brazil (I33T in ORF6 and I292T in N protein), England (G251V in ORF3a), India (T2016K and L3606F in ORF1a) and in Spain (L84S in ORF8). The emergence of these local mutations in ORFs within SARS-CoV-2 genome could have interventional implications and also points towards their potential in modulating infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 in regional population.
Characteristics and Mortality Determinants of COVID-19 Patients Undergoing Haemodialysis	Sİpahİ,  S,  Dheİr, et al	Turk J Med Sci	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Twenty-three patients over 18 years of age, who underwent a maintenance haemodialysis program at our unit, and being tested positive for COVID-19 by PCR from nasopharyngeal swabs and/or were observed to have disease-related signs in their CTs were included in the study. clinical evaluation showed that dry cough (47.8%) and shortness of breath (47.8%) were the most common symptoms. Fever was less pronounced (30.4%). The median time from the onset of symptoms to hospitalization was 1 day (min 0; max ) and time from hospitalization to death was 18 days (min:1; max 22). Transfer from the inpatient ward to ICU took a median of 7 days (min 1; max 13). Among the 23 patients, three died during the follow-up and 20 were discharged with full recovery. There was a trend towards increased mortality in patient with diabetes, D-dimer levels >1000 ugFEU/L and higher ferritin, prokalsitonin levels, increased CRP/albumin raio and lower neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio.
Could Tocilizumab be an Attractive Therapeutic Option for Elderly Patients with Severe COVID-19? A Case Report	Streicher,  C,  Engalenc, et al	Clin Drug Investig	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Early analysis of patients who died from severe COVID-19 show elevated inflammatory cytokine levels and suggest the involvement of a cytokine storm also called cytokine release syndrome (CRS).  Clinical data demonstrate that high levels of IL-6 are correlated with COVID-19 severity and mortality.  Tocilizumab is a recombinant monoclonal antibody, which binds specifically to both soluble and membrane-bound IL-6 receptors and recently obtained a new indication for the treatment of CRS induced by CAR-T cell therapy. In this case, we describe the successful treatment by tocilizumab of an 87-year-old patient with severe COVID-19. Clinical data show that the patient’s respiratory function improved after tocilizumab treatment. Moreover, a significant decrease of CRP and ferritin levels was observed just after the two infusions.
Acute type A aortic dissection in a patient with COVID-19	Tabaghi,  S,  Akbarzadeh, et al	Future Cardiol	Clinical data| Données cliniques	The novel coronavirus spread all over the world in 2019 and became a serious international health concern of this century. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) had a wide range of clinical manifestations; it can cause mild-to-severe multiorgan diseases, mostly affecting the respiratory system, but cardiovascular symptoms and complications are also frequently presented in COVID-19 patients. Herein, we report a type A aortic dissection in a confirmed case of COVID-19.
An immunodominance hierarchy exists in CD8+ T cell responses to HLA-A*02:01-restricted epitopes identified from the non-structural polyprotein 1a of SARS-CoV-2	Takagi,  Akira,  Matsui, et al	bioRxiv	Vaccine Research| Recherche sur les vaccins Animal model | Modèle animal	Here, we attempted to identify HLA-A*02:01-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) epitopes derived from the non-structural polyprotein 1a of SARS-CoV-2. The intracellular cytokine staining assay revealed that 18 out of 54 peptides were CTL epitopes because of the induction of IFN-g-producing CD8+ T cells. 10 peptides were chosen for the following analyses because of their high responses. To identify dominant CTL epitopes, mice were immunized with liposomes containing the mixture of the 10 peptides. Surprisingly, all mice immunized with the liposomal 10 peptide mixture did not show the same reaction pattern to the 10 peptides. There were three pattern types that varied sequentially, suggesting the existence of an immunodominance hierarchy, which may provide us more variations in the epitope selection for designing CTL-based COVID-19 vaccines.
Delirium in COVID-19: epidemiology and clinical correlations in a large group of patients admitted to an academic hospital	Ticinesi,  A,  Cerundolo, et al	Aging Clin Exp Res	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	Clinical records of 852 patients admitted during the pandemic peak in an academic hospital of Northern Italy for suspect COVID-19 pneumonia were retrospectively analyzed to investigate incidence of delirium and clinical correlations in COVID-10 pneumonia. Data on age, clinical presentation, comorbidities, drugs, baseline lab tests and outcome were collected. The factors associated with delirium, and the association of delirium with mortality, were evaluated through binary logistic regression models. Ninety-four patients (11%) developed delirium during stay. They were older (median age 82), had more neuropsychiatric comorbidities and worse respiratory exchanges at baseline. Despite a higher mortality in patients with delirium (57% vs 30%), this association was not independent of age and respiratory parameters.
Psychiatric and General Health Effects of COVID-19 Pandemic on Children with Chronic Lung Disease and Parents' Coping Styles	Tural,  DA,  Emiralioglu, et al	Pediatr Pulmonol	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	Study assesses the anxiety and depressive symptoms related to COVID-19 pandemic in children with chronic lung disease and their parents and also evaluates parents' coping strategies. Talking about pandemic, concern about coronavirus transmission, taking precaution to prevent coronavirus transmission, making pressure to protect from COVID-19 were significantly higher in parents within the study group (p<0.05). Parents in study group used more problem focused coping than parents in control group (p=0.003). Anxiety symptoms score were higher in children of study group (p=0.007). Parents in study group found online education more useful than parents in control group.
COVID-19 in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Single-center Observational Study in Northern Italy	Viganò,  C,  Massironi, et al	Inflamm Bowel Dis	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	We conducted a retrospective cohort study among adult inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients followed in our center in Lombardy (Italy), aimed at defining prevalence and risk factors for acquiring the infection. Among 704 included patients, 53 (7.5%) were diagnosed with COVID-19, and 9 (1.2%) had a laboratory-proven diagnosis. At logistic regression, only severely active IBD (odds ratio [OR], 12.6; 95% CI, 1.7–92.4; P = 0.01) was significantly associated with COVID-19. Diarrhea was the presenting symptom in 26 (49%) patients, and significantly more cases reported diarrhea compared with non-COVID-19 patients (OR, 29; P < 0.0001), independently from disease activity at multiple regression analysis.
SARS-CoV-2 screening of asymptomatic women admitted for delivery must be performed with a combination of microbiological techniques: an observational study	Viñuela,  MC,  De León-Luis, et al	Rev Esp Quimioter	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	Study assesses the value of systematic screening in asymptomatic women admitted for spontaneous delivery with a combination of reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and cycle threshold (Ct) and serum antibodies. Nine women were positive for SARS-CoV-2 in nasopharyngeal samples (9%) and 13 (13%) presented positive specific antibodies of the coronavirus. Overall, SARS-CoV-2 prior exposure was 15%.  No fetal transmission was observed and maternal and neonatal prognosis was excellent. Universal testing with RT-PCR (considering Ct determination), and the detection of antibodies in asymptomatic women during labor, permits a better interpretation of the results and avoid unnecessary isolation procedures.
Development and implementation of a COVID-19 near real-time traffic light system in an acute hospital setting	Vizcaychipi,  MP,  Shovlin, et al	Emerg Med J	Clinical data| Données cliniques Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	Our aim was to develop a system for early detection of disease pattern in the emergency department (ED) that would enhance opportunities for personalised accelerated care to prevent disease progression. An attempt was made to identify predictive elements for thromboembolism, cytokine storm and ARDS based on physiological measurements and blood tests, and to communicate to clinicians managing the patient, initially via single consultants. Of the 318 (34.5%) patients receiving thromboembolism flags, 49 (5.3% of all patients) were for suspected thromboembolism, 103 (11.1%) were high-risk and 166 (18.0%) were medium-risk. Of the 89 (9.6%) who received a cytokine storm flag from the ED, 18 (2.0% of all patients) were for suspected cytokine storm, 13 (1.4%) were high-risk and 58 (6.3%) were medium-risk. The ED predictors used identified high proportions of COVID-19 admissions at risk of clinical deterioration due to severity of disease, enabling accelerated care targeted to those more likely to benefit.
Analysis of Drug Test Results Before and After the US Declaration of a National Emergency Concerning the COVID-19 Outbreak	Wainwright,  JJ,  Mikre, et al	Jama	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study aims to understand usage of drugs on those at risk of substance use disorders during the pandemic. A random sampling of 75 000 specimens were selected for both the period before COVID-19 (November 14, 2019, to March 12, 2020) and the period during COVID-19 (March 13, 2020, to July 10, 2020). This study demonstrated that urine drug test positivity in a population diagnosed with or at risk of substance use disorders increased significantly for illicit cocaine, fentanyl, heroin, and methamphetamine from the 4 months before the COVID-19 emergency declaration to the 4 months after the COVID-19 declaration.
Electrocardiogram analysis of patients with different types of COVID-19	Wang,  Y,  Chen, et al	Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	This study states that changes of electrocardiogram is of great significance for the diagnosis of patients with COVID-19. A retrospective analysis method was adopted to compare the electrocardiogram changes between COVID-19 critically severe and severe patients. The incidence of male, stroke, elevated cardiac troponin I (cTnI), N-terminal of the prohormone brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), d-dimer, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), hyperkalemia, and hypocalcemia in the critically ill patients was higher than that in severe patients. ST-T changes, sinus tachycardia, and atrial fibrillation are with great significance in the diagnosis of the severity, myocardia injury, and cardiac insufficiency of COVID-19 patients. Sinus tachycardia and atrial fibrillation could be used as independent variables predicting in-hospital death and ventilator use.
Sensitive fluorescence detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in clinical samples via one-pot isothermal ligation and transcription	Woo,  CH,  Jang, et al	Nat Biomed Eng	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	This study reports a highly sensitive and specific one-pot assay for the fluorescence-based detection of RNA from pathogens. The assay, which can be performed within 30–50 min of incubation time and can reach a limit of detection of 0.1-attomolar RNA concentration, relies on a sustained isothermal reaction cascade producing an RNA aptamer that binds to a fluorogenic dye. The RNA aptamer is transcribed by the T7 RNA polymerase from the ligation product of a promoter DNA probe and a reporter DNA probe that hybridize with the target single-stranded RNA sequence via the SplintR ligase (a Chlorella virus DNA ligase). In 40 nasopharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 samples, the assay reached positive and negative predictive values of 95 and 100%, respectively.
A trimeric human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 as an anti-SARS-CoV-2 agent in vitro	Xiao,  Tianshu,  Lu, et al	bioRxiv	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	Human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is a carboxypeptidase that forms a dimer and serves as the cellular receptor for SARS-CoV-2. It is also a key negative regulator of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), conserved in mammals, which modulates vascular functions. We report here the properties of a trimeric ACE2 variant, created by a structure-based approach, with binding affinity of ~60 pM for the spike (S) protein of SARS-CoV-2, while preserving the wildtype peptidase activity as well as the ability to block activation of angiotensin II receptor type 1 in the RAS. Moreover, the engineered ACE2 potently inhibits infection of SARS-CoV-2 in cell culture. These results suggest that engineered, trimeric ACE2 may be a promising anti-SARS-CoV-2 agent for treating COVID-19.
Variational Disentanglement for Rare Event Modeling	Xiu,  Zidi,  Tao, et al	arXiv	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This study proposes a variational disentanglement approach to semi-parametrically learn from rare events in heavily imbalanced classification problems. Specifically, we leverage the imposed extreme-distribution behavior on a latent space to extract information from low-prevalence events, and develop a robust prediction arm that joins the merits of the generalized additive model and isotonic neural nets. Results on synthetic studies and diverse real-world datasets, including mortality prediction on a COVID-19 cohort, demonstrate that the proposed approach outperforms existing alternatives.
Multiple Organ Injury on Admission Predicts In-Hospital Mortality in Patients with COVID -19	Yan,  H,  Lu, et al	J Med Virol	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	The study aims to assess the impact of organ injury (OI) on prognosis according to the number of affected organs at admission on patients with confirmed COVID-19. This is a retrospective cohort study of patients with confirmed COVID-19 in Wuhan Third Hospital & Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University from February 17 to March 22, 2020. We classified the patients according to the presence and number of damaged organs (heart, liver, and kidney). With the increasing number of OI, there is a tendency of gradual increase regarding the white blood cell counts, neutrophil counts, levels of C-reactive protein, lactate dehydrogenase, D-dimer, and fibrinogen as well as the incidence of most complications. In a Cox regression model, individuals with OI, old age, and an abnormal level of C-reactive protein were at a higher risk of death compared with those without. Patients with three organ injuries had the highest mortality rate 57.9%; hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) vs. patients without OI: 22.31 (10.42-47.77), those with two (23.6%; HR 8.68, 95% CI 4.58-16.48), one (8.6%; HR 3.1, 95% CI 1.7-5.7), or no OI (2.6%); P < 0.001]. The increasing number of OI was associated with a high risk of mortality in COVID-19 infection.
Heparan sulfate assists SARS-CoV-2 in cell entry and can be targeted by approved drugs in vitro</em&gt	Zhang,  Qi,  Chen, et al	bioRxiv	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	This study combines genetics and chemical perturbation to demonstrate that ACE2-mediated entry of SARS-CoV and CoV-2 requires the cell surface heparan sulfate (HS) as an assisting cofactor: ablation of genes involved in HS biosynthesis or incubating cells with a HS mimetic both inhibit Spike-mediated viral entry. We show that heparin/HS binds to Spike directly, facilitates the attachment of viral particles to the cell surface to promote cell entry. We screened approved drugs and identified two classes of inhibitors that act via distinct mechanisms to target this entry pathway. Among the drugs characterized, Mitoxantrone is a potent HS inhibitor, while Sunitinib and BNTX disrupt the actin network to indirectly abrogate HS-assisted viral entry. We further show that drugs of the two classes can be combined to generate a synergized activity against SARS-CoV-2-induced cytopathic effect.
Clinical Characteristics, Risk Factors and Predictive Value of COVID-19 Pneumonia: A Retrospective Study of 173 Patients in Wuhan, China	Zhang,  Yang,  Xue, et al	Research Square prepub	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	This study describes clinical characteristics, risk factors for disease severity and in-hospital outcome in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia from Wuhan. Patients with COVID-19 pneumonia admitted to hospital from February 13 to March 8, 2020, were retrospectively enrolled. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify risk factors for disease severity and in-hospital outcome and establish predictive models. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to assess the predictive value of above models. Results: 106 (61.3%) of the patients were female. The mean age of study populations was 62.0 years, of whom 73 (42.2%) had underlying comorbidities mainly including hypertension (24.9%). The most common symptoms on admission were fever (67.6%), cough (60.1%), and digestive symptoms (22.0%). Older age (OR: 3.420; 95%Cl: 1.415-8.266; P=0.006), diarrhea (OR: 0.143; 95%Cl: 0.033-0.611; P=0.009) and lymphopenia (OR: 4.769; 95%Cl: 2.019-11.266; P=0.000) were associated with severe illness on admission; the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of predictive model were 0.860 (95% CI: 0.802-0.918; P=0.000). Older age (OR: 0.309; 95%Cl: 0.142-0.674; P=0.003), leucopenia (OR: 0.165; 95%Cl: 0.034-0.793; P=0.025), increased lactic dehydrogenase (OR: 0.257; 95%Cl: 0.100-0.659; P=0.005) and interleukins-6 levels (OR: 0.294; 95%Cl: 0.099-0.872; P=0.027) were associated with poor in-hospital outcome; AUC of predictive model were 0.752 (95% CI: 0.681-0.824; P=0.000).
Structural insights into the binding modes of viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerases using a function-site interaction fingerprint method for RNA virus drug discovery	Zhao,  Z,  Bourne, et al	J Proteome Res	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	The aim is to describe structural binding-site insights for facilitating COVID-19 drug design when targeting RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RDRP), a common conserved component of RNA viruses. They combined an RDRP structure dataset, including 384 RDRP PDB structures and all corresponding RDRP-ligand interaction fingerprints, thereby revealing the structural characteristics of the active sites for application to RDRP-targeted drug discovery. They revealed the intrinsic ligand-binding modes and associated RDRP structural characteristics. Four types of binding modes with corresponding binding pockets were determined, suggesting two major sub-pockets available for drug discovery. They screened a drug dataset of 7894 compounds against these binding pockets and present the top ten small molecules as a starting point in further exploring the prevention of virus replication.
Clinical Features Predicting Mortality Risk in Older Patients with COVID-19	Zhou,  J,  Huang, et al	Curr Med Res Opin	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	This study aims to explore an easy-to-use clinically predictive tool that may be utilized in predicting mortality risk in older patients with COVID-19. This was a retrospective study from Wuhan, China. The main results of epidemiological, demographic, clinical, and laboratory tests on admission were collected and compared between dying and discharged patients.Results: No difference in major symptoms was observed between dying and discharged patients. Among the results of laboratory tests, NLR, lactate dehydrogenase, albumin, urea nitrogen, and D-dimer (NLAUD) show greater differences and have better regression coefficients (β) when using hierarchical comparisons in a multivariate logistic regression model. Predictors of mortality based on better regression coefficients (β) included NLR (OR =31.2, 95% CI 6.7-144.5, p < 0.0001), lactate dehydrogenase (OR =73.4, 95% CI 11.8-456.8, p < 0.0001), albumin (OR <0.1, 95% CI <0.1-0.2, p < 0.0001), urea nitrogen (OR =12.0, 95% CI 3.0-48.4, p = 0.0005), and D-dimer (OR =13.6, 95% CI 3.4-54.9, p = 0.0003). According to the above indicators, a predictive NLAUD score was calculated on the basis of a multivariate logistic regression model to predict mortality. This model showed a sensitivity of 0.889, specificity of 0.984, and a better predictive ability than CURB-65 (AUROC =0.955 vs. 0.703, p < 0.001). Bootstrap validation generated the similar sensitivity and specificity. We designed an easy-to-use clinically predictive tool for early identification and stratified treatment of severe older patients with COVID-19.
The prevalence of psychiatric symptoms of pregnant and non-pregnant women during the COVID-19 epidemic	Zhou,  Y,  Shi, et al	Transl Psychiatry	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The purposes of this study were to assess the prevalence of psychiatric symptoms among pregnant women, and to compare them with non-pregnant women. This was a retrospective study performed in China. The mental health status was assessed by patient health questionnaire, generalized anxiety disorder scale, insomnia severity index, somatization subscale of the symptom checklist 90, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) checklist-5. There were 859 respondents were enrolled, 544 pregnant women and 315 non-pregnant women. In this study, 5.3%, 6.8%, 2.4%, 2.6%, and 0.9% of pregnant women were identified to have symptoms of depression, anxiety, physical discomfort, insomnia, and PTSD, respectively. The corresponding prevalence rates among non-pregnant women were 17.5%, 17.5%, 2.5%, 5.4%, 5.7%, respectively. Adjusting for other covariates, we observed that pregnancy was associated a reduced risk of symptoms of depression (OR = 0.23; 95% CI: 0.12-0.45), anxiety (OR = 0.26; 95% CI: 0.16-0.42), insomnia (OR = 0.19; 95% CI: 0.06-0.58), and PTSD (OR = 0.15; 95% CI: 0.04-0.53) during the COVID-19 epidemic.
PMC7333599; Decreased prealbumin level is associated with increased risk for mortality in elderly hospitalized patients with COVID-19	Zuo,  P,  Tong, et al	Nutrition	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	The aim of this study was to investigate the association of prealbumin at baseline on COVID-19-related mortality in elderly patients (≥65 y of age). This was a retrospective study done in Wuhan, China. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were employed to evaluate the correlation between prealbumin and in-hospital outcomes (in-hospital mortality, admission to the intensive care unit ICU], and mechanical ventilation) in elderly patients with COVID-19. Linear trend was performed by entering the median value of each category of prealbumin tertile as a continuous variable and was visually confirmed by using generalized additive models. Interaction and stratified analyses were conducted as well. We included 446 elderly patients with COVID-19 in the final analyses. In-hospital mortality was 14.79%. Of the 446 patients, 15.47% were admitted to the ICU and 21.3% required mechanical ventilation. Compared with patients in the highest tertile, the prealbumin of patients in the lowest tertile had a 19.09-fold higher risk for death odds ratio (OR), 20.09; 95% confidence interval (CI), 3.62-111.64; P = 0.0006], 25.39-fold higher risk for ICU admission (OR, 26.39; 95% CI, 4.04-172.39; P = 0.0006), and 1.8-fold higher risk for mechanical ventilation (OR, 2.8; 95% CI, 1.15-6.78; P = 0.0227) after adjustment for potential confounders. There was a linear trend correlation between serum prealbumin concentration and risk for in-hospital mortality, ICU admission, and mechanical ventilation in elderly patients with COVID-19 infection.
Surfaces disinfection and protective masks for SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory viruses. A review by SIdP Covid 19 task-force	Barbato,  L,  Bernardelli, et al	Oral Dis	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Remote health diagnosis and monitoring in the time of COVID-19	Behar,  J,  Liu, et al	Physiol Meas	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
THYROID DISORDERS AND SARS-CoV-2 INFECTION: from pathophysiological mechanism to patient management	Caron,  P	Ann Endocrinol (Paris)	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Thrombotic Complications of COVID-19 Infection: A Review	Castro,  R,  Frishman, et al	Cardiol Rev	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Telepsychiatry and other cutting edge technologies in Covid-19 pandemic: bridging the distance in mental health assistance	Di Carlo,  F,  Sociali, et al	Int J Clin Pract	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Carbohydrate-Binding Agents: Potential of Repurposing for COVID-19 Therapy	Gupta,  RK,  Apte, et al	Curr Protein Pept Sci	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Covid-19 and dengue: Double punches for dengue-endemic countries in Asia	Harapan,  H,  Ryan, et al	Rev Med Virol	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
The role of mesenchymal stromal cells in immune modulation of COVID-19: focus on cytokine storm	Kavianpour,  M,  Saleh, et al	Stem Cell Res Ther	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Considerations on the Implementation of the Telemedicine System Encountered with Stakeholders' Resistance in COVID-19 Pandemic	Kim,  AY,  Choi, et al	Telemed J E Health	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Emergency Department Management of the Sexual Assault Victim in the COVID Era: A Model SAFET-I Guideline From San Diego County	Koenig,  KL,  Benjamin, et al	J Emerg Med	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers and Outcomes in patients with COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis	Lo,  KB,  Bhargav, et al	Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	SR-MA: searched PubMed and CINAHL databases as well as pre-print servers for gray literature up to June 30, 2020. CONCLUSION: use of ACEI/ARB was not associated with increased mortality or severe COVID-19.
Reported quality of life in countries with cases of COVID19: a systematic review	Melo-Oliveira,  M,  Sá-Caputo, et al	Expert Rev Respir Med	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	SR: The QoL of studies populations in where COVID-19 was reported, worsened.
Hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine retinal safety concerns during COVID-19 outbreak	Nicolò,  M,  Ferro Desideri, et al	Int Ophthalmol	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
SeXX and COVID-19: tussle between the two	Patil,  A,  Tripathy, et al	Monaldi Arch Chest Dis	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Sex differences in severity and mortality from COVID-19: are males more vulnerable?	Pradhan,  A,  Olsson, et al	Biol Sex Differ	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Potential for Cognitive Communication Impairment in COVID-19 Survivors: A Call to Action for Speech-Language Pathologists	Ramage,  AE	Am J Speech Lang Pathol	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Fifteen minute consultation: When can I use a medical app?	Rowe-Setz,  G,  Behringer, et al	Arch Dis Child Educ Pract Ed	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Switching Host Metabolism as an Approach to Dampen SARS-CoV-2 Infection	Soliman,  S,  Faris, et al	Ann Nutr Metab	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on people with severe mental illness	Sukut,  O,  Ayhan Balik, et al	Perspect Psychiatr Care	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
The need for improved discharge criteria for hospitalised patients with COVID-19-implications for patients in long term care facilities	Sze,  S,  Pan, et al	Age Ageing	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Artificial intelligence in COVID-19 drug repurposing	Zhou,  Yadi,  Wang, et al	The Lancet Digital Health	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Safety of non-tumor necrosis factor-targeted biologics in the COVID-19 pandemic	Akiyama,  S,  Yamada, et al	J Med Virol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
PMC7333633; Commentary: A survey of UK cardiac surgeons' opinions during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic: A point and place in time	Andersen,  ND	J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Warp Speed for COVID-19 Vaccines: Why are Children Stuck in Neutral?	Anderson,  EJ,  Campbell, et al	Clin Infect Dis	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
PMC7280633; Prioritization of Anti-SARS-Cov-2 Drug Repurposing Opportunities Based on Plasma and Target Site Concentrations Derived from their Established Human Pharmacokinetics	Arshad,  U,  Pertinez, et al	Clin Pharmacol Ther	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
[Systemic Racism and health inequalities, a sanitary emergency revealed by the COVID-19 pandemic]	Azria,  E,  Sauvegrain, et al	Gynecol Obstet Fertil Senol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Use of Weather Variables in SARS-CoV-2 Transmission Studies	Babin,  S	Int J Infect Dis	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 and lymphangioleiomyomatosis: Experience at a reference center and the potential impact of the use of mTOR inhibitors	Baldi,  BG,  Amaral, et al	Am J Med Genet A	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Digital Media's Role in the COVID-19 Pandemic	Bao,  H,  Cao, et al	JMIR Mhealth Uhealth	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Anemia and COVID-19: a prospective perspective	Benoit,  JL,  Benoit, et al	J Med Virol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Vertical transmission of COVID-19 in a 1-day-old neonate	Bordbar,  A,  Kashaki, et al	Travel Med Infect Dis	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Severe COVID-19 Infections-Knowledge Gained and Remaining Questions	Bos,  LDJ,  Brodie, et al	JAMA Intern Med	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Enhancing thoracic surgical trainee competence in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) era: Challenges and opportunities for mentorship	Boskovski,  MT,  Hirji, et al	J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Transforming heart failure and cardio-oncology care during COVID-19	Bracun,  V,  de Boer, et al	ESC Heart Fail	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Seeking clarity on retinal findings in patients with COVID-19	Brandão-de-Resende,  C,  Diniz-Filho, et al	Lancet	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 public health measures and respiratory syncytial virus	Britton,  PhilipN,  Hu, et al	The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
A national webinar for dermatology applicants during the COVID-19 pandemic	Brumfiel,  CM,  Jefferson, et al	J Am Acad Dermatol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Planning and clinical role of acute medical home care services for COVID-19 - consensus position statement by the Hospital-in-the-Home Society Australasia	Bryant,  PA,  Rogers, et al	Intern Med J	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Neutrophils and Contact Activation of Coagulation as Potential Drivers of Covid-19	Busch,  MH,  Timmermans, et al	Circulation	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Sleep Apnea and COVID-19 Mortality and Hospitalization	Cade,  BE,  Dashti, et al	Am J Respir Crit Care Med	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The Preventive and Control Recommendations on Patient With Cleft Lip and Palate During COVID-19 Pandemic in Shanghai	Cai,  M,  Zhao, et al	J Craniofac Surg	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Outcomes of acute coronary syndromes in coronavirus disease 2019	Cammann,  VL,  Szawan, et al	Clin Res Cardiol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Surveillance of COVID-19 in migrant reception centers: a call for action	Ceccarelli,  G,  Lopalco, et al	J Travel Med	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Asthma control, self-management and healthcare access during the COVID-19 epidemic in Beijing	Chang,  C,  Zhang, et al	Allergy	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Can elevated concentrations of ALT and AST predict the risk of 'recurrence' of COVID-19?	Chen,  LZ,  Lin, et al	Epidemiol Infect	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Protecting healthcare workers from SARS-CoV-2 and other infections	Chen,  M,  Wei, et al	Epidemiol Infect	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
How Does an Oncology Nurse Increase Moral Resilience During a Pandemic?	Chitwood,  H	Clin J Oncol Nurs	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
In-Flight Transmission of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2	Choi,  EM,  Chu, et al	Emerg Infect Dis	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
MS Disease-Modifying Therapies in the COVID-19 Era	Ciotti,  JR,  Grebenciucova, et al	Ann Neurol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Potential alteration of COVID-19 by beta-mercaptoethanol	Click,  RE	Future Microbiol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Comment on: Abdominal fluid samples (negative for SARS-CoV-2) from a critically unwell patient with respiratory COVID-19	Coccolini,  F,  Cicuttin, et al	Br J Surg	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Balancing Protection from COVID-19 and the Need for Human Touch in Nursing Homes	Cocuzzo,  B,  Wrench, et al	J Am Geriatr Soc	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Seeking clarity on retinal findings in patients with COVID-19	Collison,  FT,  Carroll, et al	Lancet	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
PMC7390768; A new role for orthopaedic surgeons: ongoing changes, lessons learned, and perspectives from a level I trauma center during the COVID-19 pandemic	Congiusta,  DV,  Otero, et al	J Shoulder Elbow Surg	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Mast cells activated by SARS-CoV-2 release histamine which increases IL-1 levels causing cytokine storm and inflammatory reaction in COVID-19	Conti,  P,  Caraffa, et al	J Biol Regul Homeost Agents	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Embracing uncertainty: COVID-19 exploration in real time	Crawford,  A,  Blitch, et al	Med Educ	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Brazil's COVID-19 response	da Silva Bastos,  MH	Lancet	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Brazil's COVID-19 response	de Andreazzi,  CS,  Brandão, et al	Lancet	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
SARS-CoV-2 Targeting the Retina: Host-virus Interaction and Possible Mechanisms of Viral Tropism	de Figueiredo,  CS,  Raony, et al	Ocul Immunol Inflamm	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Emphasizing the Role of Endothelium-Related Hemostatic Factors in COVID-19 Sepsis	Dimopoulos,  S,  Politou, et al	J Am Coll Surg	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
How can a global pandemic affect vaccine hesitancy?	Dubé,  E,  MacDonald, et al	Expert Rev Vaccines	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Seeking clarity on retinal findings in patients with COVID-19	Duh,  EJ	Lancet	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Possible link between obesity and severe COVID-19	Dyett,  J	Med J Aust	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
PMC7403159; Using Telemedicine to Reach Adolescents During the COVID-19 Pandemic	Evans,  YN,  Golub, et al	J Adolesc Health	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Dental care management during the COVID-19 outbreak	Falahchai,  M,  Babaee Hemmati, et al	Spec Care Dentist	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency and SARS- CoV-2 mortality: Is there a link and what should we do?	Fazel Nabavi,  S,  Habtemariam, et al	Clin Biochem	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
How severe COVID-19 infection is changing ARDS management	Ferguson,  ND,  Pham, et al	Intensive Care Med	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The Decline of the Experimental Paradigm During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Template for the Future	Ferreira,  JP,  Epstein, et al	Am J Med	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Author response to: Comment on: Abdominal fluid samples (negative for SARS-CoV-2) from a critically unwell patient with respiratory COVID-19	Flemming,  S,  Hankir, et al	Br J Surg	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Are women with osteoporosis treated with denosumab at risk of severe COVID-19?	Formenti,  AM,  Pedone, et al	Endocrine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Concerns about Proposed Update to COVID-19 Screening Protocols before Surgery: In Reply to Yenigun and Colleagues	Forrester,  JD,  Hawn, et al	J Am Coll Surg	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Preprinting the COVID-19 pandemic	Fraser,  Nicholas,  Brierley, et al	bioRxiv	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 Pandemic: Preparing to Care for Patients With Cancer From the Perspective of Low- and Middle-Income Countries	Galassi,  A,  Augustinho Teixeira, et al	Clin J Oncol Nurs	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
PMC7320249; Community Calls: Lessons and Insights Gained from a Medical-Religious Community Engagement During the COVID-19 Pandemic	Galiatsatos,  P,  Monson, et al	J Relig Health	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Self-care and remote care during pregnancy: a new paradigm?	Gülmezoglu,  AM,  Ammerdorffer, et al	Health Res Policy Syst	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Increased ethnicity and socioeconomic data collection required in stroke associated with COVID-19	Hafeez,  D,  Song, et al	J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The Opioid Epidemic During the COVID-19 Pandemic	Haley,  DF,  Saitz, et al	Jama	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
A national consensus management pathway for paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporally associated with COVID-19 (PIMS-TS): results of a national Delphi process	Harwood,  Rachel,  Allin, et al	The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
SARS-CoV-2 infection in liver transplant recipients: collaboration in the time of COVID-19	Heimbach,  JulieK,  Taner, et al	The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Don't let COVID-19 disrupt campus climate surveys of sexual harassment	Holland,  KJ,  Cortina, et al	Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Implications of COVID-19 for an ageing population	Holt,  NR,  Neumann, et al	Med J Aust	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Moral distress among healthcare providers and mistrust among patients during COVID-19 in Bangladesh	Hossain,  F	Dev World Bioeth	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Characteristics of COVID-19 clinical trials registered with ClinicalTrials.gov: cross-sectional analysis	Jones,  CW,  Woodford, et al	BMJ Open	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Letter to the editor regarding the article 'Prolonged persistence of SARS-CoV-2 in the upper respiratory tract of asymptomatic infected individuals'	Kadnur,  HB,  Ray, et al	Qjm	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Fewer presentations to metropolitan emergency departments during the COVID-19 pandemic	Kam,  AW,  Chaudhry, et al	Med J Aust	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Pediatric Inflammatory Multisystem Syndrome: Time to Collaborate	Kanthimathinathan,  HK,  Scholefield, et al	J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Transcatheter Endoluminal Phototherapy as a Possible Adjunct Treatment for Patients with COVID-19	Kipshidze,  NN,  Kipshidze, et al	Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The COVID-19 pandemic: a massive threat for those living with cardiovascular disease among the poorest billion	Klassen,  SL,  Kwan, et al	Circulation	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Nurses' Role in Providing Comprehensive Communication, Prognostication, and Palliative Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic	Koch,  A,  Mantzouris, et al	J Hosp Palliat Nurs	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
SARS-CoV-2: recommendations for treatment in intensive care medicine	Köstenberger,  M,  Hasibeder, et al	Wien Klin Wochenschr	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19, Cancer, and Consequences: Where Are We Now?	Kuderer,  NM,  Lyman, et al	Cancer Invest	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Identifying the extent of oral fluid droplets on echocardiographic machine consoles in COVID-19 era	Kusunose,  K,  Matsunaga, et al	J Echocardiogr	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Defibrotide for the treatment of PIMS-TS in two pediatric patients	Lang,  P,  Eichholz, et al	J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on viral hepatitis services in sub-Saharan Africa	Lemoine,  M,  Kim, et al	Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Psychoanalytic Perspectives on Moral Injury in Nurses on the Frontlines of the COVID-19 Pandemic	Lesley,  M	J Am Psychiatr Nurses Assoc	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Immune thrombocytopenic purpura after COVID-19 infection	Levraut,  M,  Ottavi, et al	Int J Lab Hematol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Differential diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 from pneumonias caused by other etiologies in a fever clinic in Beijing	Liang,  Y,  Liang, et al	Chin Med J (Engl)	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Seeking clarity on retinal findings in patients with COVID-19 - Authors' reply	Marinho,  PM,  Nascimento, et al	Lancet	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Coronavirus Disease 2019 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Guideline-Driven Care Should Be Our Natural Reflex	Mart,  MF,  Ely, et al	Crit Care Med	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The Global Consortium Study of Neurological Dysfunction in COVID-19 (GCS-NeuroCOVID): Development of Case Report Forms for Global Use	McNett,  M,  Fink, et al	Neurocrit Care	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Exploring links between vitamin D deficiency and COVID-19	Mohan,  M,  Cherian, et al	PLoS Pathog	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
How mental health care is changing in Cameroon because of the COVID-19 pandemic	Mviena,  JLM,  Fanne, et al	Lancet Psychiatry	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Reply - "Anakinra for COVID-19: how to interpret elevations in liver enzymes"	Navarro-Millán,  I,  Crow, et al	Arthritis Rheumatol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Nonfatal Opioid Overdoses at an Urban Emergency Department During the COVID-19 Pandemic	Ochalek,  TA,  Cumpston, et al	Jama	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Clinician Perspectives on Ethics and COVID-19: Minding the Gap in Sexual and Reproductive Health	Ott,  MA,  Bernard, et al	Perspect Sex Reprod Health	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Seeking clarity on retinal findings in patients with COVID-19	Ouyang,  P,  Zhang, et al	Lancet	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The role of CARDPC in response to COVID-19 in primary care in China	Pan,  Z,  Yang, et al	NPJ Prim Care Respir Med	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 infection in patients on anti-complement therapy: The Leeds National Paroxysmal Nocturnal Haemoglobinuria service experience	Pike,  A,  Muus, et al	Br J Haematol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Honour killings and violence against women in Iran during the COVID-19 pandemic	Pirnia,  B,  Pirnia, et al	Lancet Psychiatry	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Ambulance Charters during the COVID-19 Pandemic and Equitable Access to Scarce Resources	Pont,  DD,  Baren, et al	Am J Bioeth	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Brazil's COVID-19 response	Pontes,  MRN,  Lima, et al	Lancet	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Answer to Vieira et al « Cytokine profile as a prognostic tool in coronavirus disease 2019 ». Joint Bone Spine 2020. Doi:10.1016/j.jbspin.2020.09.006	Quartuccio,  L,  Benucci, et al	Joint Bone Spine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
An evaluation of the quality and impact of the global research response to the COVID-19 pandemic	Ramanan,  M,  Stolz, et al	Med J Aust	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Invisible No More: The Impact of COVID-19 on Essential Food Production Workers	Ramos,  AK,  Lowe, et al	J Agromedicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Reevaluating chronic opioid monitoring during and after the COVID-19 pandemic	Rao,  PN,  Jotwani, et al	Pain Manag	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Risk of Youth Substance Use	Richter,  L	J Adolesc Health	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Brazil's COVID-19 response	Rizzo,  LV,  Wolosker, et al	Lancet	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The Ethic of Care, Disability, and Rehabilitation During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic	Russo,  L,  Trabacca, et al	Pediatr Neurol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
3D Printing in Medicine: COVID-19 Testing with 3D Printed Nasopharyngeal Swabs	Rybicki,  FJ	Clin Infect Dis	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Takotsubo cardiomyopathy and COVID-19 infection	Salah,  HM,  Mehta, et al	Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Competing Roles and Expectations: Preliminary Data from an Agricultural Extension Survey on COVID-19 Impacts	Sampson,  S,  Mazur, et al	J Agromedicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Ebola, COVID-19 and Africa: What we expected and what we got	Sasidharan,  S,  Dhillon, et al	Dev World Bioeth	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Author's reply to correspondence regarding the article 'Prolonged persistence of SARS-CoV-2 in the upper respiratory tract of asymptomatic infected individuals'	Saurabh,  S,  Bhardwaj, et al	Qjm	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Linking ACE2 and angiotensin II to pulmonary immunovascular dysregulation in SARS-CoV-2 infection	Seltzer,  S	Int J Infect Dis	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Irrigation System and COVID-19 Recurrence: A Potential Risk Factor in the Transmission of SARS-CoV-2	Siddiqui,  R,  Khamis, et al	ACS Chem Neurosci	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
A Word of Caution in Interpreting Covid-19 Diagnostics Tests	Silva,  Sjrd,  Pena, et al	J Med Virol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Children and the Use of Emergency Departments During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Where Did the Pain End Up?	Silvagni,  D,  Milani, et al	Pediatr Emerg Care	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Public Attitude towards Quarantine during the COVID-19 Outbreak	Song,  W,  Sawafta, et al	Epidemiol Infect	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Down memory lane: Unprecedented strong public and scientific interest in the "Spanish flu" 1918/1919 during the COVID-19 pandemic	Staub,  K,  Floris, et al	Influenza Other Respir Viruses	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
When Therapeutic IgA Antibodies Might Come of Age	Sterlin,  D,  Gorochov, et al	Pharmacology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Who gets a COVID vaccine first? Access plans are taking shape	Subbaraman,  N	Nature	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Targeting multiple epitopes on the spike protein: a new hope for COVID-19 antibody therapy	Sun,  Y,  Kobe, et al	Signal Transduct Target Ther	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19, hypertension, and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors: Much ado about nothing or real problem to be solved?	Tadic,  M,  Cuspidi, et al	J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich)	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Uruguay is winning against covid-19. This is how	Taylor,  L	Bmj	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19: a stress test for trust in science	The,  Lancet	Lancet	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
PMC7454583; The Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Medical Mode of Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease in China	Tian,  WN,  Huang, et al	Inflamm Bowel Dis	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Multi-omics data integration and network-based analysis drives a multiplex drug repurposing approach to a shortlist of candidate drugs against COVID-19	Tomazou,  Marios,  Bourdakou, et al	Research Square prepub	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Occupational Dermatoses Among Frontline Healthcare Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Survey	Trepanowski,  N,  Larson, et al	J Am Acad Dermatol	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Towards new models of cancer care in Australia: lessons from Victoria's response to the COVID-19 pandemic	Underhill,  C,  Parente, et al	Intern Med J	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Immuno-oncology drug development forges on despite COVID-19	Upadhaya,  S,  Hubbard-Lucey, et al	Nat Rev Drug Discov	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Brazil's COVID-19 response	Valente,  DS,  Zanella, et al	Lancet	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The Doctor-Public Relationship: How Physicians Can Communicate to Foster Resilience and Promote Mental Health During COVID-19	Vance,  MC,  Morganstein, et al	J Gen Intern Med	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Seeking clarity on retinal findings in patients with COVID-19	Venkatesh,  P	Lancet	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
PMC7204699; Bronchoscopy use in the COVID-19 era	Vergnon,  JM,  Trosini-Desert, et al	Respir Med Res	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Cytokine profile as a prognostic tool in coronavirus disease 2019. Comment on "Urgent avenues in the treatment of COVID-19: Targeting downstream inflammation to prevent catastrophic syndrome" by Quartuccio et al. Joint Bone Spine. 2020;87:191-93	Vieira,  M,  Maalouf, et al	Joint Bone Spine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The second wave of COVID-19 in a tourist hotspot in Vietnam	Vuong,  NM,  Le Quyen, et al	J Travel Med	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19: Getting to the Heart of the Matter	Wang,  N,  Cao, et al	Eur J Heart Fail	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Pandemic Place: Assessing Domains of the Person-Place Fit Measure for Older Adults (PPFM-OA) during COVID-19	Weil,  J	J Aging Soc Policy	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Swiss Armed Forces deployment during the COVID-19 pandemic: militia pharmacy officers' roles and duties	Widmer,  N,  Abbet, et al	BMJ Mil Health	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Covid-19 communication: planning ahead to help inpatients when key contacts can't be present	Wilson,  J,  Hawdon, et al	Bmj	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Price Transparency for COVID-19 Testing Among Top US Hospitals	Xiao,  R,  Rathi, et al	J Gen Intern Med	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Lessons and suggestions to travelers and cruise ships in the fight against COVID-19	Xu,  L,  Peng, et al	Qjm	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Commentary: Thoracic surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic: Recommendations from China	Yang,  CJ	J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Repurposing Cancer Drugs for COVID-19		Cancer Discov	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Covid-19: managing risk in the workplace		Vet Rec	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Funding needed for future Covid-19 research		Vet Rec	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

Appendix: Process and definitions. 

A daily search for new publications is conducted in PubMed, Scopus, BioRxiv and MedRxiv, SSRN, Research Square, arXiv for all publications related to COVID-19 disease or SARS-CoV-2 using the search terms (COVID-19 OR SARS-CoV-2 OR "novel CoV" OR "novel coronavirus" OR nCoV) adapted to each database.  The capture is cross-referenced with publication announcements on the COVID-19 dashboards set up by a number of publishers and google.  Publishers include Lancet, Elsevier, The New England Journal of Medicine, BMJ, Wiley, Springer Nature, ChinaCDCweekly. Additionally the database is cross-referenced with other literature scans e.g. WHO publication list and activities by collaborators.  Members of the Emerging Sciences group develop 1 -2 point summaries of each publication. Please email Lisa Waddell for additional information: Lisa.Waddell@canada.ca.  References are compiled in a reworks database that has citations since the beginning of the outbreak.  All references can be accessed at this link and by the categories listed below.  The daily scan has also been compiled in an excel sheet and copies can be provided upon request or accessed here.

Category Definitions:

Modelling/ prediction: Predictive modeling is a process that uses data mining and probability to forecast outcomes. Each model is made up of a number of predictors, which are variables that are likely to influence future results.

Epidemiology: the branch of medicine which deals with the incidence, distribution, and possible control of diseases and other factors relating to health. Includes Ro, attack rates, case number doubling time, case fatality rate, serial interval, clinical attack rate, asymptomatic fraction, proportion of asymptomatic and infective*

Transmission: The passage of a pathogen causing communicable disease from an infected host to an uninfected host via direct or indirect routes.

Clinical data of cases: Includes clinical parameters such as incubation period, latent period, period of communicability, duration of illness, duration of hospitalization, host risk factors, as well as clinical profiles of patients; presenting symptoms, symptoms over course of illness, sequelae, comorbidities.* 

Surveillance: Public health surveillance is the continuous, systematic collection, analysis and interpretation of health-related data.  Surveillance data will likely be number of cases suspected/confirmed, number of deaths, number recovered. *

Coronavirology: All research relating to the virus; its characteristics, genetic make-up, phylogenetic analyses

Diagnostics / Pathogen detection:  All studies on identification of the virus; culture, PCR, antibody/antigen tests etc.

Therapeutics: Studies of substances that may be used to treat infected hosts including passive immunization products.

Vaccine Research:  Studies of vaccine candidates to prevent infection with 2019-nCoV including clinical trials.

Public Health Priorities: These citations will focus on what the current research priorities are and/or where knowledge gaps exist.

Public Health interventions*: Any study evaluating how effective a public health intervention is or maybe (in the case of a predictive model).

Public Health response: These papers are typically overviews of past and current activities, they often also identify knowledge gaps and suggest future activities or objectives.

Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI): Any research on the effectiveness of IPC interventions should also be tagged as IPC

Health care Response: This foci would include a description of activities to deal with 2019-nCoV cases including, but not limited to:  set up of a special emergency multi-disciplinary intensive care team; Bed and medical equipment preparation/ stock piling supplies; Education and training of staff; Early case recognition and classification of disease severity.

Economics: papers discussing/ forecasting the economics of COVID-19 pandemic.

Immunology:

Animal Model:

Zoonotic: all literature discussing the transmission to and from or occurrence of naturally acquired SARS-COV-2 infection in animals.

Review Literature:  All articles that summarize the published literature can be tagged as a review.  This includes systematic review, meta-analysis, scoping review, overviews, umbrella reviews*

Commentary/Editorial: For commentaries, editorials, letters to the editor, other types of opinion pieces where there is no new data collected by the author or analysis conducted by the author, please tag these within the commentary category.

News articles that have not scientific information.

*Lists are not exhaustive

Annexe: Processus et définitions. 

Une recherche quotidienne des nouvelles publications est effectuée dans PubMed, Scopus, BioRxiv and MedRxiv, SSRN, Research Square, arXiv pour toutes les publications relatives à la maladie COVID-19 ou au SRAS-CoV-2 en utilisant les termes de recherche (COVID-19 OU SARS-CoV-2 OU « novel CoV » OU « novel coronavirus » OU nCoV).  La saisie renvoie à des annonces de publication sur les tableaux de bord du nCoV mis en place par un certain nombre d'éditeurs et par Google.  Parmi les éditeurs figurent Lancet, Elsevier, The New England Journal of Medicine, BMJ, Wiley, Springer Nature, ChinaCDCweekly.  En outre, la base de données renvoie à d'autres survols de publications, e.g. la liste des publications de l'OMS, et à des activités des collaborateurs.  Les membres du groupe scientifique émergent préparent des résumés en 1 ou 2 points de chaque publication. Pour en savoir plus, veuillez envoyer un courriel à Lisa Waddell au : Lisa.Waddell@canada.ca.  Les références sont compilées dans une base de données Refworks qui contient des citations depuis le début de l'épidémie.  Toutes les références sont accessibles à partir de ce lien et par les catégories énumérées ci-dessous. L'analyse quotidienne a également été compilée dans une feuille Excel et des copies peuvent être fournies sur demande ou consultées ici.

Définitions des catégories :

Modélisation / prédiction : La modélisation prédictive est un processus qui utilise l'exploration de données et la probabilité pour prévoir les résultats. Chaque modèle est composé de plusieurs prédicteurs, qui sont des variables susceptibles d'influencer les résultats futurs.

Épidémiologie : Branche de la médecine qui traite de l'incidence, de la répartition et du contrôle éventuel des maladies et d'autres facteurs liés à la santé. Comprend le taux de reproduction de base (Ro), les taux d'attaque, le temps de doublement du nombre de cas, le taux de létalité, l'intervalle sériel, le taux d'attaque clinique, la fraction asymptomatique, la proportion de cas asymptomatiques et infectieux*.

Transmission : Passage d'un agent pathogène causant une maladie transmissible d'un hôte infecté à un hôte non infecté par des voies directes ou indirectes.

Données cliniques des cas : Comprend les paramètres cliniques tels que la période d'incubation, la période de latence, la période de contagiosité, la durée de la maladie, la durée de l'hospitalisation, les facteurs de risque de l'hôte, ainsi que les profils cliniques des patients; les symptômes présentés, les symptômes au cours de la maladie, les séquelles, les comorbidités.* 

Surveillance : La surveillance de la santé publique est la collecte, l'analyse et l'interprétation continues et systématiques de données relatives à la santé.  Les données de surveillance concerneront probablement le nombre de cas suspects / confirmés, le nombre de décès, le nombre de personnes guéries. *

Coronavirologie : Toutes les recherches relatives au virus, ses caractéristiques, sa constitution génétique et les analyses phylogénétiques.

Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes : Toutes les études sur l'identification du virus : culture, PCR, tests de dépistage d'anticorps ou d’antigènes, etc.

Thérapeutique : Étude des substances pouvant être utilisées pour traiter les hôtes infectés, y compris les produits d'immunisation passive.

Recherche sur les vaccins : Études des candidats à la vaccination pour prévenir l'infection par le 2019-nCoV, y compris des essais cliniques.

Priorités de santé publique : Ces citations porteront sur les priorités actuelles de recherche et/ou sur les lacunes dans les connaissances.

Interventions de santé publique* : Toute étude évaluant l'efficacité (réelle ou possible) d'une intervention de santé publique (dans le cas d'un modèle prédictif).

Réponse de la santé publique : Ces articles sont généralement des aperçus des activités passées et actuelles, qui identifient souvent les lacunes dans les connaissances et suggèrent des activités ou des objectifs futurs.

Prévention et contrôle des infections/Infection Prevention and Control (PCI/IPAC) : Les recherches sur l'efficacité des interventions en PCI doivent également être marquées comme PCI.

Réponse des soins de santé : Ce point comprendrait une description des activités pour traiter les cas de 2019-nCoV, notamment :  mise en place d'une équipe multidisciplinaire spéciale de soins intensifs d'urgence; préparation des lits et des équipements médicaux / stockage des fournitures; sensibilisation et formation du personnel; reconnaissance précoce des cas et classification de la gravité de la maladie.

Immunologie :

Modèle animal:

Zoonotic: all literature discussing the transmission to and from or occurrence of naturally acquired SARS-COV-2 infection in animals.

Économie: documents discutant / prévoyant l'économie de la pandémie de COVID-19

Revue de la documentation :  Tous les articles qui résument les documents publiés peuvent être marqués comme une revue.  Cela comprend les revues systématiques, les méta-analyses, les études de la portée, les aperçus, les examens généraux*.

Commentaires/Éditorial : Pour les commentaires, éditoriaux, lettres à la rédaction, autres types d'articles d'opinion pour lesquels aucune nouvelle donnée n'est collectée ou aucune analyse n'est effectuée par l'auteur, veuillez les marquer dans la catégorie des commentaires.

journaux Articles de presse qui n'ont pas d'informations scientifiques.

* Les listes ne sont pas exhaustives