Good afternoon,

There are 1224 citations in today’s scan. 632 were considered primary research or review literature.

Highlights today include:

 

CANADA

·         Best et al., report on a survey conducted in Canada March 31- April 15 to measure the psychological impact of public health measures.  Their results indicate even under the short term, psychological distress (panic, emotional disturbances, depression) is significant.

PUBLIC HEALTH INTERVENTIONS

·         Abedin et al. apply panel GLM models to COVID-19 infection rates to explore differential effects of time to and extent of widespread testing, in Italy and Australia. The study concludes widespread testing during the early stages of the pandemic favored Australia to control the outbreak much faster than Italy. The early adoption of widespread testing with lower degree of test positivity rates flattens the curve faster. However, population density has a moderating effect as regions with higher population densities are likely to experience peeks with a greater number of infections even when test positivity rates are the same.

TRANSMISSION

·         Chun, J. Y., Baek, G., Kim, Y Studied the transmission onset of COVID-19 relative to the symptom onset, inferring transmission onset time from 72 infector-infectee pairs with defined contact history. The median transmission onset was 1.31 days after, and the peak was 0.72 days before the symptom onset. The pre-symptomatic transmission proportion was 37%. The transmission onset peaked with the symptom onset and the pre-symptomatic transmission proportion is substantial.

IPAC

·         Lee et al. characterized the stability of SARS-CoV-2 in three water matrices: fresh, tap, and seawater. The minimum infective dose of SARS-CoV-2 in Vero cells was confirmed to be 10³ PFU/mL. The stability of SARS-CoV-2 varied according to the water matrix: infective SARS-CoV-2 was undetectable after treatment with fresh water and seawater, but remained detectable for 2 days in tap water, when starting with an initial concentration of 10 PFU/mL. When the starting concentration was increased to 10 PFU/mL, a similar trend was observed. In addition, viral RNA persisted longer than infectious virus in all water matrices. This study was conducted in stagnant water containing a significantly high titer of virus, thus, human-to-human transmission of SARS-CoV-2 through the actual aquatic environment is expected to be rare

IMMUNOLOGY

·         Montenegro et al report seroprevalence of IgG and IgM in two groups in Spain: (1) a random community sample of asymptomatic individuals in Barcelona and (2) a sample of symptomatic patients followed by general practitioners (GPs).  Seroprevalence in the asymptomatic community individuals was 5.47%, whereas in the symptomatic patients followed by GPs seroprevalence was 38.49%, higher in those reporting fever, aguesia and contact with a patient with SARS-CoV-2 infection.

EPIDEMIOLOGY

·         Stock et al report seroprevalence in asymptomatic front-line health care workers in New York City. Of the 98 asymptomatic healthcare workers tested, 19 (19.4%) tested positive by RT-qPCR and/or ELISA. An additional 11 (11.2%) individuals were IgG positive without a positive PCR. Two PCR positive individuals subsequently developed COVID-19 symptoms, while all others remained asymptomatic at 2-week follow-up, demonstrating considerable asymptomatic infection with SARS-CoV-2 within the healthcare workforce, with potential for amplified transmission within health care settings despite current mitigation policies.

·         Gudipati et al add to the data that suggest that HIV-positive patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection are not at a greater risk of severe disease or death as compared to HIV-negative patients.

·         Salvador et al analyse infection and mortality growth curves during the first 30 days of the COVID-19 outbreak in 39 countries. The analysis finds initial epidemic growth rates were significantly accelerated among countries where individuals have an increased tendency to interact with larger more variable range of individuals (i.e. relational mobility). This relationship between epidemic growth and relational mobility was preserved when controlling for demographics, reporting bias, testing availabilities, cultural dimensions of individualism, and government efficiency.

·         Zaneti et al conducted the first quantitative microbial risk assessment that investigates the potential health risks of SARS-CoV-2 in sewage to wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) workers. Results reveal that estimates of viral RNA in sewage at the entrance of WWTPs ranged from 4.14 × 101 to 5.23 × 103 GC·mL−1. In addition, estimated risks for aggressive and extreme COVID-19 scenarios were likely to be above the derived tolerable infection risk for SARS-CoV-2 of 5.5 × 10−4 pppy, thus reinforcing the concern of sewage systems as a possible transmission pathway of SARS-CoV-2.

CLINICAL DATA

·         Schmidt et al. reported four school children with heavy exposure to SARS-CoV-2 with no clinical signs of COVID-19, repeated negative nasopharyngeal swabs for SARS-CoV-2 RNA, and no seroconversion.

·         Arshad et al. conducted a study on 35 suspected COVID-19 patients, form Pakistan, where conjunctival and oropharyngeal swabs samples were collected. All 35 oropharyngeal swab samples were positive for SARS CoV-2, out of a total of 35 conjunctival swab samples, 3(8.5%) were detected positive by RT-PCR. Two (66%) out of 3 conjunctival SARS-Cov-2 positive patients had a dry cough, whereas 3(100%) patients were suffering from fever and difficulties in breathing. There was no ocular manifestation observed among patients with positive conjunctival specimens.

·         Musoke et al characterizes the patterns of anticoagulation use in COVID-19 patients and the risk of related bleeding. A single center retrospective analysis of 355 adult patients with confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 was preformed. Results indicate major bleeding is associated with use of therapeutic anticoagulation in COVID-19, and therapeutic anticoagulation has shown higher mortality and major bleeding trends.

THERAPEUTICS

·         Caruso et al. We show that methotrexate, an FDA‐approved inhibitor of purine biosynthesis, potently inhibits viral RNA replication, viral protein synthesis, and virus release. The effective antiviral methotrexate concentrations are similar to those used for established human therapies using the same drug. Methotrexate should be most effective in patients at the earliest appearance of symptoms to effectively prevent viral replication, diffusion of the infection, and possibly fatal complications.

·         Fadaka et al. sought to provide insights on the anti-COVID-19 mechanism of Dex at both atomic and molecular level against SARS-CoV-2 targets. Computational methods were employed to predict the binding affinity of Dex to SARS-CoV-2 using the Schrodinger suite (v2020-2).  The selected targets were SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro), and host secreted molecules glucocorticoid receptor, and Interleukin-6 (IL-6). Dex showed stronger affinity to its theoretical (glucocorticoid) receptor with a superior docking score of −14.7 and a good binding energy value of −147.48 kcal/mol; while short hydrogen bond distances were observed in both Mpro and IL-6 when compared to glucocorticoid receptor. This study demonstrates that Dex could bind to both the viral and host receptors as a potential drug candidate for COVID-19. 

·         Abhinand et al. examine the possible repurposing of existing anti-viral protease inhibitor drugs. The results indicated that, Ritonavir has the highest potency to block SARS-CoV-2 main protease and human TMPRSS2, a host cell factor that aids viral infection. Other drugs such as Indinavir and Atazanavir also showed favourable binding with Cathepsin B/L that helped viral fusion with the host cell membrane. Further molecular dynamics simulation and MM-PBSA binding free energy calculations confirmed the stability of protein-drug complexes. These results suggest that protease inhibitors particularly Ritonavir, either alone or in combination with other drugs such as Atazanavir, have the potential to treat COVID-19

·         Yethindra et al. This exploratory randomized and controlled study on umifenovir recruited 30 hospitalized COVID-19 patients. 15 eligible patients were randomly allocated to each, the treatment and control groups. Time to clinical recovery (TTCR), clinical characteristics, and tomographic results were analyzed at baseline and five days after treatment to assess the effect of umifenovir. Significant differences in time to clinical recovery were found between the two groups.

ANIMAL MODEL

·         Zhao, et al., in an effort to search for the potential intermediate or amplifying animal hosts of SARS-CoV-2, examined receptor activity of ACE2 from 14 mammal species and found that ACE2s from multiple species can support the infectious entry of lentiviral particles pseudotyped with the wild-type or furin cleavage site-deficient S protein of SARS-CoV-2. ACE2 of human/rhesus monkey and rat/mouse exhibited the highest and lowest receptor activities, respectively.

DIAGNOSTICS

·         Shental et al developed a method for Pooling-Based Efficient SARS-CoV-2 Testing (P-Best), which identifies all positive subjects within a set of samples using a single round of testing. They pooled sets of 384 samples into 48 pools, providing both an eightfold increase in testing efficiency and an eightfold reduction in test costs, while identifying up to five positive carriers.

CORONAVIROLOGY

·         Wang et al. utilize bioinformatics method to analyze the expression profiling by high throughput sequencing in human bronchial organoids/primary human airway epithelial infected with SARS-CoV-2 to identify the potentially crucial genes and pathways associated with COVID-19. A total of 145 differentially expressed genes and 5 hub genes consisting of CXCL8, CXCL1, CXCL2, CCL20, and CSF2 were associated with infection linked immune response. These may be used as diagnostic biomarkers or molecular targets for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2.

·         Peng et al: used TCMSP, SwissTargetPrediction, SEA, GeneCards, CTD, and TTD to identify potential targets for matrine in SARS-CoV-2. Ten common matrine targets were obtained, particularly including TNF-α, IL-6, and CASP3. GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed five significantly enriched signalling pathways involved in cell proliferation, apoptosis, programmed cell death, and immune responses.

PUBLIC HEALTH RESPONSE

·         Kumar et al. conduct an online social media based survey among individuals who recovered from a COVID-19 infection or are in the recovery phase following infection. 54% of respondents reported being in fear of reinfection. Anxiety and depression appear as common psychological complications following infection. Prevalence of these symptoms was associated with prolonged duration of COVID-19 infection related physical symptoms.

ECONOMICS

·         Dave et al explore the impact of the annual motorcycle rally in Sturgis, South Dakota, on social distancing and the spread of COVID-19. Smartphone pings from non-residents, and foot traffic at local establishments each rose substantially in the census block groups hosting Sturgis rally events. A month following the rally, COVID-19 cases increased by approximately 6 to 7 cases per 1,000 population in its home county of Meade. Estimates show that following the event, counties that contributed the highest inflows of rally attendees experienced a 7.0 to 12.5% increase in COVID-19 cases relative to counties that did not contribute inflows. They estimate that the Sturgis Motorcycle Rally generated public health costs of as much as $12.2 billion.

 

Regards,

Lisa Waddell, Tricia Corrin, Rukshanda Ahmad, Robyn Odell, Maribeth Mitri, Julie Theriault, Dobrila Todoric, Alejandra Dubois, Christina Bancej, Austyn Baumeister, Anam Khan, Musaab Younis, Lien Mi Tien, Dima Ayache, Angela Sloan, Kaitlin Young, Chatura Prematunge, Ainsley Otten, Irene Yong, Drew Greydanus, Shalane Ha, Alex Gilbert

 

 

 

 Daily Scan of COVID-19 Scientific Publications / Survol journalier des publications scientifiques du COVID-19		16/09/2020

 


Focus areas: Modelling/ prediction, Epidemiology, Transmission, Clinical data, Surveillance, Coronavirology, Diagnostics / Pathogen detection, Therapeutics, Vaccine Research, Public health interventions, Public Health response, Public Health Priorities, IPAC, Health care response, immunology, economics, animal model, zoonoses, Review Literature, Commentary/Editorial, news

Domaines cibles: Modélisation/prédiction, Épidémiologie, Transmission, Données cliniques, Surveillance, Coronavirologie, Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes, Thérapeutique, Recherche sur les vaccins, Interventions de santé publique, Priorités de santé publique, PCI, Réponse des soins de santé, immunologie, économie, modèle animal, zoonoses, Revue de littérature, Commentaire/Éditorial, journaux

 

PUBLICATIONS

AUTHORS / AUTEURS

SOURCE

FOCI / DOMAINE

SUMMARY / SOMMAIRE

COVID-19 related anxiety in children and adolescents with severe obesity: A mixed-methods study

Abawi,  O,  Welling, et al

Clin Obes

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

Using a combined quantitative and qualitative approach, we explored COVID-19 related anxiety in paediatric patients with severe obesity in the Netherlands using semi-structured telephone interviews and the Paediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) questionnaire, which had also been completed by the study population at baseline in the year prior to the COVID-19 outbreak.  Characteristics of included patients were: median age 10.5 years (interquartile range = 7.6-15.2); 52% female; mean BMI standard deviation score 3.8 (SD = 1.0). COVID-19 related anxiety was reported for 24/75 (32%) children. The mean decrease in PedsQL score between baseline visit and COVID-19 outbreak did not differ between children for whom anxiety was reported vs those for whom it was not (mean change -10.3 ± 36.5 vs -3.3 ± 24.4, P = .54). Self-imposed strict quarantine measures were taken by 19/75 (25%) families. During follow-up, several families reported that the previous contact alleviated their anxiety. In conclusion, healthcare professionals should address possible COVID-19 related anxiety in children with severe obesity. Addressing COVID-19 related anxiety could mitigate its potential negative effects.

Reliable iterative methods for mathematical model of covid-19 based on data in anhui, china

Abed,  SM,  Al-Jawary, et al

Communications in Mathematical Biology and Neuroscience

Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie

In this paper, five reliable iterative methods: Daftardar-Jafari method (DJM), Tamimi-Ansari method (TAM), Banach contraction method (BCM), Adomian decomposition method (ADM) and Variational iteration method (VIM) to obtain approximate solutions for a mathematical model that represented the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19 pandemic). The accuracy of the obtained results is numerically verified by evaluating the maximum error remainder. In addition, the approximate results are compared with the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method (RK4) and good agreement have achieved. The convergence of the proposed methods is successfully demonstrated and mathematically verified. All calculations were successfully performed with MATHEMATICA®10. © SCIK Publishing Corporation. All rights reserved.

Time to and extent of widespread testing for COVID-19 outbreak: Experience from the first wave in Australia and Italy

Abedin,  Sumaiya,  Khan, et al

Research Square prepub

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique

Apply panel generalized linear models for daily number of cases to explore differential effects of timing to and extent of widespread testing on daily number of cases. We have analyzed daily number of confirmed cases data from the first reported cases in Australia and Italy to 31 May 2020. More tests during the early stage of outbreak prior to reach the peak may reduce the daily number of cases by almost 40%. Only 1% increase in test positivity on the (t-5)th day may incur 1.84% increase in daily number of cases on the t-th day. For 1% increase in test positivity rate on the (t-5)th day, a country with one unit higher logarithm of population density may result in 2.82 times higher number of cases on the t-th day. Conclusion: Conducting widespread testing during the early stage prior to reaching the peak has favored Australia to control the outbreak much faster than Italy. Early adoption of widespread testing with lower degree of test positivity rates flattens the curve faster. Population density has a moderating effect. Even if the test positivity rate is the same, a region with higher population density is likely to experience a peak with higher number of daily confirmed cases.

Potential protease inhibitors and their combinations to block SARS-CoV-2

Abhinand,  CS,  Nair, et al

J Biomol Struct Dyn

Therapeutics| Thérapeutique

The present study examines the possible repurposing of existing anti-viral protease inhibitor drugs. The results indicated that, Ritonavir has the highest potency to block SARS-CoV-2 main protease and human TMPRSS2, a host cell factor that aids viral infection. Other drugs such as Indinavir and Atazanavir also showed favourable binding with Cathepsin B/L that helped viral fusion with the host cell membrane. Further molecular dynamics simulation and MM-PBSA binding free energy calculations confirmed the stability of protein-drug complexes. These results suggest that protease inhibitors particularly Ritonavir, either alone or in combination with other drugs such as Atazanavir, have the potential to treat COVID 19.

Targeting the SARS-CoV-2 main protease using FDA-approved Isavuconazonium, a P2–P3 α-ketoamide derivative and Pentagastrin: An in-silico drug discovery approach

Achilonu,  I,  Iwuchukwu, et al

Journal of Molecular Graphics and Modelling

Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique

Using 6Y2G and the prior knowledge that protease inhibitors could eradicate COVID-19, we designed a computational study aimed at identifying FDA-approved drugs that could interact with Mpro. Using high-throughput virtual screening and ligand docking, we identified Isavuconazonium, a ketoamide inhibitor (α-KI) and Pentagastrin as the top three molecules (Lig13b as the benchmark) based on docking energy.

Australia can use population level mobility data to fight COVID-19

Adams,  L,  Adams, et al

Med J Aust

Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique

We studied mobility data from major cities worldwide, including in Australia, and saw the pattern of decreased movement in the population before stay-at-home orders consistently replicated. Across all 22 cities examined, movement below baseline was seen on average 13 days (median, 9 days) before government enforced stay‐at‐home orders.

Real time multi-scale facial mask detection and classification using deep transfer learning techniques

Addagarla,  SK,  Kalyan Chakravarthi, et al

International Journal of Advanced Trends in Computer Science and Engineering

Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI)

In the era of deep learning, object detection plays an influential role for many industries. Detecting minute things are very much essential without human intervention especially at large scale industries. In this paper we have proposed multiple approaches for Multi-scale facial mask real time detection and classification for the hospital industry, crowd surveillance in the streets and malls are more useful in this COVID-19 Pandemic Situation. In our approach we have implemented two different detection models which are FMY3 using Yolov3 Algorithm and FMNMobile using NASNetMobile and Resnet_SSD300 Algorithms and used two different face mask dataset with 680 and 1400 images respectively. We have analyzed both the models by computing various probabilistic accuracy measures and achieved the 34% Mean Average Precision (mAP) and 91.7% Recall rate on FMY3 Model and achieved the 98% and 99% of accuracy and recall rate on FMNMobile Model. Finally we have shown results of various face mask detections from both the models. © 2020, World Academy of Research in Science and Engineering. All rights reserved.

Fuzzy fractional-order model of the novel coronavirus

Ahmad,  S,  Ullah, et al

Advances in Difference Equations

Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie

In this paper, a novel coronavirus infection system with a fuzzy fractional differential equation defined in Caputo’s sense is developed. By using the fuzzy Laplace method coupled with Adomian decomposition transform, numerical results are obtained for better understanding of the dynamical structures of the physical behavior of COVID-19. Such behavior on the general properties of RNA in COVID-19 is also investigated for the governing model. The results demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed approach to address the uncertainty condition in the pandemic situation. © 2020, The Author(s).

Practice of Academic Surgical Pathology During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Ahmad,  Z,  Rahim, et al

Am J Clin Pathol

Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

This study determined the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on our service, pre-, and postgraduate education and discussed the measures taken to ensure continued provision of quality service as well as education during the mandatory lockdown.  Staggered rota was introduced for all staff. Strict social distancing measures were implemented. Staff was extensively counseled regarding the importance of protective measures. Pre- and postgraduate education, which was temporarily suspended, was quickly resumed using online teaching ensuring continuation of academic activities. The volume of cases decreased during the lockdown but complexity increased even more.

Covid‐19 in somalia: Adherence to preventive measures and evolution of the disease burden

Ahmed,  MAM,  Fodjo, et al

Pathogens

Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

Following the COVID‐19 outbreak in Somalia, strict preventive measures were implemented by the government. We assessed adherence to the government recommendations via two consecutive online cross‐sectional surveys between April and July 2020. A five‐point adherence score was constructed based on self‐reported observance of five preventive measures (physical distancing, face mask use, hand hygiene, mouth covering when coughing/sneezing, and avoidance of touching the face). 4124 and 4703 responses were analyzed during the first and second survey, respectively. The mean adherence score decreased from 3.54 ± 1.5 in the first survey to 3.40 ± 1.6 during the second survey; p < 0.001. More participants experienced at least one flu‐like symptom during the second survey (38.2%) compared to the first (16.2%); however, the proportion of positive COVID‐19 tests in the first (26.9%) and second survey (26.5%) was similar. The ordinal logistic regression model identified the following predictors for high adherence scores: female gender (odds ratio (OR) = 1.715 (1.581–1.861), p < 0.001); being a healthcare worker/student (OR = 2.180 (2.000– 2.377), p < 0.001); obtaining COVID‐19 information from official sources (OR = 1.460 (1.341–1.589), p < 0.001); and having postgraduate education (OR = 1.679 (1.220–2.307), p < 0.001). Conversely, obtaining COVID‐19 information from social media and residing in urban settings were associated with lower adherence. Targeted and context‐specific adaptations of the COVID‐19 response may be required in Somalia

Trend of COVID-19 spreads and status of household handwashing practice and its determinants in Bangladesh - situation analysis using national representative data

Ahmed,  MS,  Yunus, et al

Int J Environ Health Res

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

The objective of the study was to assess the prevalence and factors associated with household (HH) handwashing practice in Bangladesh and draw a trend of COVID-19 spreads and compare that with the countrywide HH handwashing practice.
The northern part of Bangladesh had the highest handwashing practice, whereas it had less effected by COVID-19 cases.

COVID-19 outbreak in Bangladesh and associated psychological problems: An online survey

Ahmed,  O,  Ahmed, et al

Death Stud

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

The present study was conducted using self-rated scales on a sample of 500 Bangladeshi people to address this gap. Results suggested two-fifths of the participants had depression and anxiety symptoms, and one-third were highly worried and felt stressed. Females, students, unmarried, and 18-30-year-olds were in more vulnerable positions in terms of their mental health. These findings would be helpful to assess and formulate psychological interventions to improve the mental health of vulnerable groups.

PMC7347482; Safety management in urgent endonasal trans-sphenoidal surgery for pituitary adenoma during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan - A case report

Akai,  T,  Maruyama, et al

Interdiscip Neurosurg

Clinical data| Données cliniques

We report a 72-year-old woman who required urgent endonasal trans-sphenoidal surgery (eTSS) because of progressive visual field disturbance due to pituitary adenoma, in whom we conducted reverse-transcriptase-polymerase-chain-reaction (RT-PCR) for COVID-19 and chest CT before eTSS. We took care of her by following the rule for suspected infection patient, and safely completed her treatment without medical staff infection. Under COVID-19 pandemic state, essentially careful management including RT-PCR test and chest CT should be taken for the high infection risk surgeries to avoid the outbreak through the hospital. And the cost of RT-PCR test for the patients should be covered by the government budget.

The natural-mineral-based novel nanomaterial IFMC increases intravascular nitric oxide without its intake: Implications for COVID-19 and beyond

Akiyama,  T,  Hirata, et al

Nanomaterials

Therapeutics| Thérapeutique Animal model | Modèle animal

We hypothesise that a natural-mineral-based novel nanomaterial, which was developed based on nitric oxide (NO) therapy, might be a viable strategy for the treatment and prevention of COVID-19. The intravascular NO concentration in the hepatic portal of rats was increased by 0.17 nM over 35.2 s on average after its application. An ultrasonic Doppler flow meter showed significant increases in the blood flow rate and vessel diameter, but no difference in the blood flow velocity.

A case of non-severe COVID-19 complicated by pulmonary embolism

Akiyama,  Y,  Horiuchi, et al

Respirology Case Reports

Clinical data| Données cliniques

We report a case of non-severe COVID-19 complicated by pulmonary embolism, which indicates that the possibility of pulmonary embolism should consistently be considered, even in non-severe cases of COVID-19 without any risk of thrombosis.

Cost-effectiveness and backward bifurcation analysis on covid-19 transmission model considering direct and indirect transmission

Aldila,  D

Communications in Mathematical Biology and Neuroscience

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique

The model constructed is based on a nonlinear system of ordinary differential equations. Analytical results regarding the basic reproduction number and all equilibrium points are obtained analytically.  We also found that indirect transmission contributes to the increases in the basic reproduction number and also the occurrence of the multiple endemic states. An optimal control approach was applied to determine the best strategy for the COVID-19 eradication program. Three control parameters were considered in the model: medical mask, disinfectant, and medical treatment. A Pontryagin’s Maximum Principle was used to derive the optimal control characterization of the related model and was solved numerically using the forward-backward iterative method.  From the cost-effectiveness analysis, we found that using a medical mask as a single intervention is the most effective strategy to reduce the spread of infection.

Knowledge and awareness on natural dietary immunoboosters to combat covid 19-a survey

Aldrin Joshua,  A,  Gayatri Devi, et al

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

The main aim of the study is to create an awareness on natural dietary immunoboosters to combat COVID 19. The survey was done on a small scale population comprising 110 participants in which 62 male (56.4%) and 48 female (43.6%) participated. About 95.5% of the population are aware that taking citrus fruits that have vitamin C will boost their immunity but only 4.5% of them are not aware. 80% of the population are aware that green tea is a powerful antioxidant which will help in building immunity but 9.1% were not aware and 10.9% was not sure of the fact. 82.7% of the population are well aware that spinach and other green vegetables have to be cooked as little as possible to retain nutrients present in them but only 10.9% of them were not sure and 6.4% of them were not aware.

Prognostic significance of hemoglobin level and autoimmune hemolytic anemia in SARS-CoV-2 infection

Algassim,  AA,  Elghazaly, et al

Ann Hematol

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques

This cross-sectional study investigated the impact of initial hemoglobin (Hgb) levels at Emergency Department (ED) triage on the severity and the clinical course of COVID-19 on 601 patients in a COVID-19 national referral center between 13 and 27 June 2020. Patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) had a lower initial Hgb than those admitted outside the ICU (12.84 g/dL vs. 13.31 g/dL, p = 0.026) and over the course of admission; the prevalence of anemia (Hgb < 12.5 g/dL) was 65% in patients admitted to ICU, whereas it was only 43% in non-ICU patients (odds ratio of 2.464, 95% CI 1.71-3.52). Anemic ICU patients had a higher mortality compared with non-anemic ICU patients (hazard ratio = 1.88, log-rank p = 0.0104). A direct agglutination test (DAT) for all anemic patients showed that 14.7% of ICU patients and 9% of non-ICU patients had autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA). AIHA patients had significantly longer length of hospital stay compared with anemic patients without AIHA (17.1 days vs. 14.08 days, p = 0.034).

PMC7476498; Lung point-of-care (POCUS) ultrasound in a pediatric COVID-19 case

Alilio,  PM,  Ebeling-Koning, et al

Radiol Case Rep

Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes

We describe a case of a previously well, 9-year-old obese boy who presented to the emergency department with shortness of breath, fever, abdominal pain, and cough with chest pain. He was diagnosed with COVID-19 through significant family contact. Lung point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) in the emergency department observed significant lung pathology, including pleural thickening, consolidation, and B lines. A chest X-ray found bilateral ground glass opacities and interstitial prominences consistent with viral pneumonia. Our case suggests that lung POCUS can provide adequate and rapid imaging to assess lung pathology of COVID-19 in a pediatric patient. As there is limited literature on use of lung POCUS in pediatric patients infected with SARS-CoV-2, our case emphasizes its function as a potentially efficient modality in bedside assessment.

PMC7300461; Impact of COVID-19 stay-at-home orders on weight-related behaviours among patients with obesity

Almandoz,  JP,  Xie, et al

Clin Obes

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

Impact of public health measures on obese people:  A total of 123 patients (87% female, mean age 51.2 years SD 13.0]), mean BMI 40.2 SD 6.7], 49.2% non-Hispanic white (NHW), 28.7% non-Hispanic black, 16.4% Hispanic, 7% other ethnicity and 33.1% completed MBS were included. Two patients tested positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and 14.6% reported symptoms. Then, 72.8% reported increased anxiety and 83.6% increased depression since stay-at-home orders were initiated. Also 69.6% reported more difficultly in achieving weight loss goals, less exercise time (47.9%) and intensity (55.8%), increased stockpiling of food (49.6%) and stress eating (61.2%). Hispanics were less likely to report anxiety vs NHWs (adjusted odds ratios 0.16; 95% CI, 0.05-0.49; P = .009). Results here showed the COVID-19 pandemic is having a significant impact on patients with obesity regardless of infection status.

Impact of lockdowns on the spread of COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia

Alrashed,  S,  Min-Allah, et al

Informatics in Medicine Unlocked

Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique

Authors introduce a variable in the SEIR system of equations to study the impact of various degrees of social distancing on the spread of the disease. Analysis shows that with no lockdown around 2.1 million people might get infected during the peak of spread around 2 months from the date the lockdown was first enforced in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA).

Synthesis of 3,3'-methylenebis(4-hydroxyquinolin-2(1H)-ones) of prospective anti-COVID-19 drugs

Aly,  AA,  Hassan, et al

Mol Divers

Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique

During formylation of 2-quinolones by DMF/Et3N mixture, the unexpected 3,3′-methylenebis(4-hydroxyquinolin-2(1H)-ones) were formed. The structure of the obtained products was elucidated via NMR, IR and mass spectra. X-ray structure analysis proved the anti-form of the obtained compounds, which were stabilized by the formation hydrogen bond. Molecular docking calculations showed that most of the synthesized compounds possessed good binding affinity to the SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro) in comparable to Darunavir.

Knowledge about COVID-19 and beliefs about and use of herbal products during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study in Saudi Arabia

Alyami,  HS,  Orabi, et al

Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

This study explored the knowledge of the population of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) about COVID-19 preventive measures and their belief about the consumption of herbal products for the prevention of COVID-19 infection. Participants’ knowledge about the appropriate COVID-19 preventive measures in terms of handwashing procedures, self-quarantine and social distancing was moderate. About 22.1% of the participants reported that they have used herbal products or nutritional supplements, particularly vitamin C,  to protect themselves from the disease.

Implications of COVID-19 on the labor market of Saudi Arabia: The role of universities for a sustainableworkforce

Al-Youbi,  A,  Al-Hayani, et al

Sustainability (Switzerland)

Economics | Économie

The present study aimed to investigate the implications of COVID-19 on the labor market of Saudi Arabia. The results indicate that the healthcare, service and education sectors have quickly transformed themselves from conventional to remote forms of working and consider virtual skills, autonomous working and effective communication the most important skills for their workforce during the current and the postpandemic scenarios.

Massive subcutaneous emphysema in patient SARS-CoV-2 positive

Amador Penco,  FDB,  Villalonga, et al

Revista espanola de anestesiologia y reanimacion

Clinical data| Données cliniques

This case report describes a massive subcutaneous emphysema in a 77-year-old patient patient with SARS-CoV-2 infection, hypertension and dyslipidaemia. The patient experienced multiorgan failure and death.

32883926; Gender and occupation predict Coronavirus Disease 2019 knowledge, attitude and practices of a cohort of a South Indian state population

Amalakanti,  S,  Raman Arepalli, et al

Indian journal of medical microbiology

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

The aim of this study the CoViD 19 knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) of a south Indian state population.
The health policy would better serve the purpose of the groups with poor scores are targeted.

Prediction of the final size for COVID-19 epidemic using machine learning: A case study of Egypt

Amar,  LA,  Taha, et al

Infectious Disease Modelling

Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie

In this paper displayed, the real database of COVID-19 for Egypt has been analyzed and predicted with the number of patients that will be infected with COVID-19, and estimated the epidemic final size.  The action from government of interevent over a relatively long interval is necessary to minimize the final epidemic size.

Symptomatic pericardial effusion in the setting of asymptomatic COVID-19 infection: A case report

Amoozgar,  B,  Kaushal, et al

Medicine (Baltimore)

Clinical data| Données cliniques

Here we present a rare case of pericardial effusion in the setting of asymptomatic COVID-19 infection manifesting with the chief complaint of chest pain.

Incidental whole-body MRI evidence of COVID-19 in an asymptomatic patient in a high prevalence region

Angelini,  V,  Villanacci, et al

Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine

Clinical data| Données cliniques

Case report of a 60 year old male

Public sentiment insights analysis using word sense disambiguation application on twitter data during a pandemic – COVID’19

Anuratha,  K,  Parvathy, et al

International Journal of Advanced Trends in Computer Science and Engineering

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

The entire world is affected because of the global pandemic Covid-19 due to the virus belongs to the family of Coronavirus. As the spread of infection and mortality rate is rapid people have started developing assorted emotions about the crisis. It is more significant to administer the mental health and Psychological wellbeing of public during a crisis like this. As many of the people broadly use the social media like twitter for sharing their opinions and thoughts, our work utilizes the Covid specific Tweets posted by the Tweeple and analyse them to understand the sentiments exhibited regarding the situation. After the tweets are collected and the real sentiments behind them are discovered using the classifier model developed using the Machine Learning methods. The experimental results may be used by the respective authorities to take necessary initiatives for addressing the concerns that affect the wellbeing of the society and the economic wellbeing as well. As our word uses Lexical based sentiment analysis, it is important to remove the ambiguities of a word which is a main challenge of this technique on sentiment analysis. To improve the performance of the Sentiment Analysis we have used the lexical dictionaries Wordnet and SentiWordNet along with Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) to detect and remove the ambiguities understanding the context of the term used in the tweets. © 2020, World Academy of Research in Science and Engineering. All rights reserved.

Mild Clinical Course of COVID-19 in 3 Patients Receiving Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibodies Targeting C5 Complement for Hematologic Disorders

Araten,  DJ,  Belmont, et al

Am J Case Rep

Clinical data| Données cliniques

Theses case reports tries to address the question of whether patients on anti-complement therapy could be protected from COVID-19. CASE REPORT Case 1 is a 39-year-old woman with an approximately 20-year history of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH), who had recently been switched from treatment with eculizumab to ravulizumab prior to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Case 2 is a 54-year-old woman with a cadaveric renal transplant for lupus nephritis, complicated by thrombotic microangiopathy, who was maintained on eculizumab, which she started several months before she developed the SARS-CoV-2 infection. Case 3 is a 60-year-old woman with a 14-year history of PNH, who had been treated with eculizumab since 2012, and was diagnosed with COVID-19 at the time of her scheduled infusion. All 3 patients had a relatively mild course of COVID-19.

The Impact of the Novel Coronavirus on Brazilian PICUs

Araujo,  OR,  Almeida, et al

Pediatr Crit Care Med

Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

To study the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, considering the physical distancing and schools closing, on the characteristics of admission and epidemiology on Brazilian PICUs.Observational, multicenter, time series analysis, of electronic medical records from 15 PICU in Brazil. The period from March 11, 2020, to March 17, 2020, was considered the "intervention point" studied, corresponding to the suspension of school activities and the beginning of physical distancing in Brazil.  The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic strongly affected Brazilian PICUs, reducing admissions, length of stay, and the epidemiological profile. The measures to oppose the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic may have prevented thousands of PICU hospitalizations across the country.

32853603; Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in ophthalmic secretions

Arshad,  Y,  Mahmood, et al

Journal of Infection

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques

From June 6 through June 28, 2020, a total of 35 suspected COVID-19 patients were enrolled for the study and both conjunctival and oropharyngeal swabs samples were collected from all patients admitted in the isolation ward of a tertiary care hospital, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences-(PIMS) Islamabad. All 35 oropharyngeal swab samples were detected positive for SARS CoV-2, however out of total 35 conjunctival swab samples, 3(8.5%) were detected positive by using real-time RT-PCR. 2(66%) out of 3 conjunctival SARS-Cov-2 positive patients were having dry cough, whereas 3(100%) patients were suffering from fever and difficulties in breathing. There was no ocular manifestation observed among patients with positive conjunctival specimens and similar information has already been reported by the previous study.

Knowledge and awareness about low COVID-19 mortality rate in Germany-A survey

Arun Kishore,  RN,  Gayatri Devi, et al

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

The main aim of this study is to assess the knowledge and awareness about the mystery behind the low Covid 19 Germany population Among south Indian population.  From the results obtained and analysed the majority of the participants knew about the symptoms of COVID-19 and precautionary measures that had to be taken. The participants also have knowledge of Germans’ low mortality rates during Covid 19 pan-demic. From this survey, we can conclude that the Chennai population does have knowledge and awareness about the mystery behind low COVID-19 Germans mortality rates.

An immunoinformatics study on the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 revealing potential epitopes as vaccine candidates

Ashik,  AI,  Hasan, et al

Heliyon

Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Vaccine Research| Recherche sur les vaccins Immunology | Immunologie

This study is focused on immunoinformatics analyses of the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein (S protein) which is key for the viral attachment to human host cells.
The present study posits three potential epitopes of S protein of SARS-CoV-2 predicted by immunoinformatic methods based on their immunogenic properties and interactions with the host counterpart that can facilitate the development of vaccine against SARS-CoV-2.

CAD systems for automatic detection and classification of COVID-19 in nano CT lung image by using machine learning technique

Aswathy,  SU,  Jarin, et al

International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes

This study will show how Machine Learning technique can be used for classifying the infected and healthy lung using the nano scaling imaging technique of computed tomography (CT) lung scans. Pre-processing is used to reduce the effect of intensity variations and for noise removal between CT slices. Then thresholding and other morphological operation is used to separately isolate the background of the CT lung scan. Each dataset that we take undergoes a texture-based feature extraction method in which it uses GLCM along with a wrapper method for optimization. The obtained features are classified using a Deep convolutional neural network, which will classify in several layers. By giving our input of scan images it will train in an efficient manner and gives us an accuracy of 99%.

VacSIM: Learning Effective Strategies for COVID-19 Vaccine Distribution using Reinforcement Learning

Awasthi,  Raghav,  Guliani, et al

arXiv

Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique

Vaccines are expected to be a limited resource. An optimal allocation strategy, especially in countries with access inequities and a temporal separation of hot-spots might be an effective way of halting the disease spread. We approach this problem by proposing a novel pipeline VacSIM that dovetails Actor-Critic using Kronecker-Factored Trust Region (ACKTR) model into a Contextual Bandits approach for optimizing the distribution of COVID-19 vaccine. Whereas the ACKTR model suggests better actions and rewards, Contextual Bandits allow online modifications that may need to be implemented on a day-to-day basis in the real world scenario. We evaluate this framework against a naive allocation approach of distributing vaccine proportional to the incidence of COVID-19 cases in five different States across India and demonstrate up to 100,000 additional lives potentially saved and a five-fold increase in the efficacy of limiting the spread over a period of 30 days through the VacSIM approach. We also propose novel evaluation strategies including a standard compartmental model based projections and a causality preserving evaluation of our model.

Resetting the Initial Conditions for Calculating Epidemic Spread: COVID-19 Outbreak in Italy

Babac,  MB,  Mornar, et al

IEEE Access

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie

Authors have used the recent findings about the clinical courses of inpatients with COVID-19 to reset the initial conditions of the epidemic process in order to estimate more realistic number of cases in the population.
Based on the outbreak of COVID-19 in Italy, this paper shows an estimate of the number of infected cases based on infection and removal rates from data during the pandemic.

Early detection and Successful Management of Acute Mesenteric Ischaemia in symptomatic COVID 19 patient

Balani,  Prashant,  Bhuiyan, et al

Research Square prepub

Clinical data| Données cliniques

This case report emphasises that a patient with early detection and management of acute mesenteric ischaemia being symptomatic for COVID 19 can avoid major bowel surgery and negate any morbidity or mortality associated with the condition.

Insight into the changing patterns in clinical and academic activities of the orthopedic residents during COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional survey

Barik,  S,  Paul, et al

Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc

Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

This study focusses on the viewpoint of the orthopedic residents to the paradigm shift in clinical care as well as the academic activities. The online-based learning process was reported to be easier (44.2%) by most of the residents. Routine clinical work in the operating room, out-patient department, and inpatient department was found to be difficult according to the majority of the residents along with the anxiety of contracting the infection.

Smell and taste disorders in Spanish patients with mild COVID-19

Barón-Sánchez,  J,  Santiago, et al

Neurologia

Clinical data| Données cliniques

This study aimed to investigate the clinical progression of smell and taste disorders in Spanish patients with mild COVID-19. In our sample, 91.18% of respondents with impaired smell and/or taste and who were able to undergo PCR testing were positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Olfactory and gustatory disorders are prevalent symptoms in mild COVID-19. Most patients do not present associated nasal congestion or rhinorrhoea.

Clinical and laboratory features of COVID-19: Predictors of severe prognosis

Bastug,  A,  Bodur, et al

International immunopharmacology

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) emerged first in December 2019 in Wuhan, China and quickly spread throughout the world. Clinical and laboratory data are of importance to increase the success in the management of COVID-19 patients. Methods: Data were obtained retrospectively from medical records of 191 hospitalized patients diagnosed with COVID-19 from a tertiary single-center hospital between March and April 2020. Prognostic effects of variables on admission among patients who received intensive care unit (ICU) support and those who didn't require ICU care were compared. Results: Patients required ICU care (n = 46) were older (median, 71 vs. 43 years), with more underlying comorbidities (76.1% vs. 33.1%). ICU patients had lower lymphocytes, percentage of large unstained cell (%LUC), hemoglobin, total protein, and albumin, but higher leucocytes, neutrophils, neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), platelet-lymphocytes ratio (PLR), urea, creatinine, aspartate amino transferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and D-dimer when compared with non-critically ill patients (p < 0.001). A logistic regression model was created to include ferritin, %LUC, NLR, and D-dimer. %LUC decrease and D-dimer increase had the highest odds ratios (0.093 vs 5.597, respectively) to predict severe prognosis. D-dimer, CRP, and NLR had the highest AUC in the ROC analysis (0.896, 0.874, 0.861, respectively). Conclusions: The comprehensive analysis of clinical and admission laboratory parameters to identify patients with severe prognosis is important not only for the follow-up of the patients but also to identify the pathophysiology of the disease. %LUC decrease and D-dimer, NLR, and CRP increases seem to be the most powerful laboratory predictors of severe prognosis. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.

Letter: severe COVID-19 infection and biologic therapies—a cohort study of 7 808 patients in France

Bataille,  P,  Amiot, et al

Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques

Patients receiving biologics are at higher risk of developing serious infectious adverse events. The authors conducted a multicentre observational study to determine the impact of biologics on the rate of hospitalisations, intensive care unit (ICU) admis-sions and deaths related to COVID-19. A total of 48 patients with biologic agent had confirmed COVID-19; 26 (54%) women with a median age of 38 (IQR25-75 27.25-57). Most patients received an anti-TNF-  (n = 39, 81%), 3 (6%) an IL-12/23 inhibitor, 2 (4%) an IL-17 inhibitor and 4 (9%) an 4ß7 integrin antibody. The main underlying diseases were IBD (n = 24, 50%), inflammatory rheumatism (n = 12, 25%) and psoriasis (n = 3, 6%). A total of 19 (40%) patients were hospitalised, 4 (8%) were transferred to an ICU and one died. These results are consistent with earlier reports and reinforce the message that biologics can usually be safely continued.

Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Towards COVID-19 Among Ecuadorians During the Outbreak: An Online Cross-Sectional Survey

Bates,  BR,  Moncayo, et al

J Community Health

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

Participants had moderate to high levels of knowledge. Participants expressed mixed attitudes about the eventual control of COVID-19 in Ecuador. Participants reported high levels of adoption of preventive practices. Binomial regression analysis suggests unemployed individuals, househusbands/housewives, or manual laborers, as well as those with an elementary school education, have lower levels of knowledge. Women, people over 50 years of age, and those with higher levels of schooling were the most optimistic. Men, individuals 18–29, single, and unemployed people took the riskiest behaviors. Generally, knowledge was not associated with optimism or with practices.

A framework of computational model for predicting the spread of COVID-19 pandemic in Saudi Arabia

Baz,  A,  Alhakami, et al

International Journal of Intelligent Engineering and Systems

Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie

Responding to the compelling contingency of COVID-19 pandemic, this research pursuit intends to develop a computational model that can be used to gauge the spread of Coronavirus and predict the most vulnerable regions that are likely to be affected by it. Furthermore, the framework of the model also analyzes the impact of Coronavirus on various societal factors. Once identified, these factors can be prioritized so as to device accurate and efficient countermeasures. For developing the expected model, the study has adopted the Fuzzy-AHP technique of computational modeling. Moreover, a decision making technique and severity analysis technique along with the prioritization Fuzzy-AHP approach has been employed to validate the efficacy of the suggested model. Through rigorous study of different models of COVID-19, the proposed framework provides the best model to use according to the social factors prevalent in a country. After evaluation through fuzzy AHP, the priority of proposed model is found to be the highest amongst the seven other models used for comparison. Though the present study is aimed at adding to the government's initiatives to counter the current health emergency in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the proposed computational model can be an effective aid for the specialists across the world working on containment strategies to minimise the spread of Coronavirus.

PMC7434414; Insights into the impact of COVID-19 on household travel and activities in Australia - The early days of easing restrictions

Beck,  MJ,  Hensher, et al

Transp Policy (Oxf)

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

This paper is the second in what will be an ongoing series of analyses of a longitudinal travel and activity survey. In this paper we examine data collected over a period of late May to early June in Australia, following four-to-six weeks of relatively flat new cases in COVID-19 after the initial nationwide outbreak, as many state jurisdictions have begun to slowly ease restrictions designed to limit the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. We find that during this period, travel activity has started to slowly return, in particular by private car, and in particular for the purposes of shopping and social or recreational activities. Respondents indicate comfort with the idea of meeting friends or returning to shops, so authorities need to be aware of potential erosion of social distancing and appropriate COVID-safe behaviour in this regard. There is still a concern about using public transport, though it has diminished noticeably since the first wave of data collection. We see that working from home continues to be an important strategy in reducing travel and pressure on constrained transport networks, and a policy measure that if carried over to a post-pandemic world, will be an important step towards a more sustainable transport future.

Projections for COVID-19 spread in India and its worst affected five states using the Modified SEIRD and LSTM models

Bedi,  Punam,  Shivani, et al

arXiv

Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique

This paper proposes a Modified SEIRD (Susceptible-Exposed-Infected-Recovered-Deceased) model for projecting COVID-19 infections in India and its five states having the highest number of total cases. In this model, exposed compartment contains individuals which may be asymptomatic but infectious. Deep Learning based Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) model has also been used in this paper to perform short-term projections. The projections obtained from the proposed Modified SEIRD model have also been compared with the projections made by LSTM for next 30 days. The epidemiological data up to 15th August 2020 has been used for carrying out predictions in this paper. These predictions will help in arranging adequate medical infrastructure and providing proper preventive measures to handle the current pandemic. The effect of different lockdowns imposed by the Indian government has also been used in modelling and analysis in the proposed Modified SEIRD model. The results presented in this paper will act as a beacon for future policy-making to control the COVID-19 spread in India.

An artificial immune system approach for a multi-compartment queuing model for improving medical resources and inpatient bed occupancy in pandemics

Belciug,  S,  Bejinariu, et al

Advances in Electrical and Computer Engineering

Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

The aim of this study is to explore how artificial immune system approaches for a multiqueuing model may aid the hospital managers improve their resources. The proposed system outlines the route of Covid-19 patients in the intensive care unit (ICU), the compartmental model proposes a reasonable composition of the ICU, considering the queuing parameters, while the artificial immune system optimizes the needed resources (beds plus associated costs).

32884938; Characteristics and Unexpected COVID-19 Diagnoses in Resuscitation Room Patients during the COVID-19 Outbreak-A Retrospective Case Series

Bergrath,  S,  Aretz, et al

BioMed research international

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques

All resuscitation room patients between March 1st and April 15th 2020 were included in this retrospective study. Every patient with suspicion of SARS-CoV-2 infection received a pharyngeal swab for rt-PCR, divided in the clinical subgroups of "highly suspicious for COVID-19" and "COVID-19 as differential diagnosis." Ninety-five patients were included (trauma n = 14, critically ill n = 81). Of 3 highly suspicious patients, 2 had rt-PCR positive pharyngeal swabs. In 39 patients, COVID-19 was defined as differential diagnosis, and 3 were positive for SARS-CoV-2. Of them, pharyngeal swabs were positive in 1 case, while in 2 cases, only tracheal fluid was rt-PCR positive while the pharyngeal swabs were negative. In one of these 2 cases, chest computed tomography (CT) was also negative for ground-glass opacities but showed a pulmonary abscess and pulmonary embolism.

Strategy for the Practice of Spine Oncological Surgery During the Covid-19 Pandemic

Berjano,  P,  Vanni, et al

Spine (Phila Pa 1976)

Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

An expert panel with general spine surgeons, oncological spine surgeons, and radiation oncologists was formed to analyze the most frequent scenarios in spinal musculoskeletal oncology during Covid-19 pandemics. For each of the most frequent clinical scenarios, the authors reached a consensus on how timing and indications can be optimized to reduce risk while maintaining the expected outcomes under the Covid-19 pandemics.

The Psychological Impact of COVID-19 in Canada: Effects of Social Isolation During the Initial Response

Best,  LA,  Law, et al

Canadian Psychology

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

In this study, questionnaire data measuring satisfaction with life, social cohesion, psychological distress, and perceptions of risk was collected from 1381 Canadians during the early days of intense public health measures (31 March through 15 April 2020). Results suggest that even short-term social distancing practices are associated with increased psychological distress, including elevated levels of overall distress, such as panic, emotional disturbances, and depression. These results are noteworthy for several reasons: the timing of the distress, the population under investigation, and the fact that the applied mitigation was "lighter" than full quarantines previously studied. These findings suggest that after only a short period of time, less restrictive public health measures can lead to psychological distress. These results have major significance for government officials in future public health crisis as they judiciously weigh the costs and benefits of applying such measures with various public health guidelines discussed.

Lock-down for COVID-19 in India: An alternative viewpoint and revised epidemiological estimates

Bhalwar,  R

Pravara Medical Review

Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique

an effort was made to develop an alternative epidemiological model to forecast the likely course of the epidemic in our country and to dispassionately analyze the effects of 10 weeks of lockdown. Material and Methods: Data for the period 8th May to 14th June regarding cases detected on that day and cumulative number of cases till that date, cases who reached “end-point” on that day and cumulative number till that day, and deaths on that day as well as cumulative deaths till that day was obtained. The data was subjected to “time-series analysis” and parameters were calculated by linear regression, using the WHO / CDC statistical package (Epi-7). Results: The study indicated that the “ratio of cumulative total of cases detected: cumulative cases who reached end point” and the ratio of “cases detected on that day: cases who reached end point (cured / discharged/died) on that day”, would reach unity (indicating a “stabilization” of the epidemic) between 16th July and 01st August 2020. At that point of time, the cumulative total number of cases detected till that day are likely to be 11,80,000 (95% CL 10,74,368 to 12,41,768). The cumulative total number of deaths which would occurred till that day are likely to be 20,000 (95% CL 18,800 to 21,200), while the number of new cases detected on a given day by then, are likely to be 23,000 (95% CL 22,000 to 24,000).

32841640; Viroinformatics approach to explore the inhibitory mechanism of existing drugs repurposed to fight against COVID-19

Bibi,  N,  Gul, et al

European journal of pharmacology

Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique

In the present study, we have tried to decipher the mechanistic aspects of existing medicines at the viral entry and replication stage via the structural viroinformatics approach. Here we implied the molecular docking and dynamic simulations with emphasis on the unique structural properties of host receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), SARS-CoV2 spike protein and RNA dependent RNA polymerase enzyme (RdRp) of the SARS-CoV2. Deep structural analysis of target molecules exposed key binding residues and structural twists involved in binding with important pharmacophore features of existing drugs (7-chloro-N-5-(diethylamino)pentan-2-yl]quinolin-4-amine (chloroquine),N-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)phenyl]methyl]-1,2-oxazole-5-carboxamide N-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)phenyl]methyl]-1,2-oxazole-5-carboxamide) (SSAA09E2), 2-ethylbutyl (2S)-2-{(S)-{(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-{4-aminopyrrolo2,1-f]1,2,4]triazin-7-yl}-5-cyano-3 (remdesivir) and 6-Fluor-3-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2-pyrazincarboxamid (favipiravir)]. It is evident from this structural informatics study that combo of chloroquine + SSAA09E2 with remdesivir or favipiravir could significantly restrain the virus at the entry and replication stage.

PMC7456189; Meckel's diverticulum perforation in a newborn positive to Sars-Cov-2

Bindi,  E,  Cruccetti, et al

J Pediatr Surg Case Rep

Clinical data| Données cliniques

In this paper we present a case of neonatal infection which, as far as we know, represents one of the few published cases and which occurred in a patient who came to our attention for acute abdomen from intestinal perforation. The perforation was caused by Meckel's diverticulum, an event considered infrequent in the first year of life and almost exceptional in the neonatal period.

In-silico analysis of interaction of human tetherin protein with sars-cov-2orf7a proteins and its mutants

Bisht,  K,  Pant, et al

International Journal of Current Research and Review

Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Immunology | Immunologie

Objective: One of the best ways to counter any pathogen including SARS-CoV-2 is through enhancement of self-immune response. Tetherin or BST2 is one such interferon-induced antiviral protein or immune regulatory protein of the human host that can restrict the release of virions of SARS-CoV-2. The ORF7a encoded protein of SARS-CoV-2 in-turn has been found to act as an antagonist to the human tetherin protein by interacting with key amino acid residues, thereby weakening the immune response. Methods: In this research after consensus analysis of results from various servers mutations have been induced in selected residues of ORF7a coronavirus protein. Most conserved residues have been obtained through Consurf server, ligand binding pockets, and active sites have been identified after combining results from multiple servers like CastP and 3DLigand Site. Results: The most deleterious mutation has been identified through DUET and DynaMut servers and mutations induced thereafter have been tested for a decrease in binding affinity through the HawkDock server. The protein-protein interaction studies have been performed before and after the induction of mutation through the HawkDock server. Conclusions: The decrease in binding affinity between human tetherin and ORF7a protein is supportive of the need to study the induction of mutation and its detrimental effect on viruses, so that effective combat study can be designed with the interplay of our native immune system and drugs from external sources. Moreover, other deterrents like anti-viral peptides can be designed against selected amino acids. © IJCRR.

Acceptability and challenges of online higher education in the era of COVID-19: a study of students' perspective

Bisht,  RK,  Jasola, et al

Asian Education and Development Studies

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

There are two main objectives of the paper: the first one is to know the acceptability of online mode of examination and learning amongst students by analysing the various aspects like difficulty, mental pressure, study pattern, etc. and the second one is to know the role of gender in adopting online education. The two main findings of the present study are as follows: first, the online examinations were accepted with ease and low pressure in comparison to regular examination and second, the gender has a significant role in adopting online education with the observations that female students were more adoptable with online education in terms of assignments, study patterns and comfort.

Comprehensive Comparison of Deep Learning Models for Lung and COVID-19 Lesion Segmentation in CT scans

Bizopoulos,  Paschalis,  Vretos, et al

arXiv

Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes

In this paper, an extensive comparison of DL models for lung and COVID-19 lesion segmentation in Computerized Tomography (CT) scans is presented, which can also be used as a benchmark for testing medical image segmentation models. Three experimental setups are conducted for lung segmentation, lesion segmentation and lesion segmentation using the original lung masks. A public COVID-19 dataset with 100 CT scan images (80 for train, 20 for validation) is used for training/validation and a different public dataset consisting of 829 images from 9 CT scan volumes for testing. Multiple findings are provided including the best architecture-encoder models for each experiment as well as mean Dice results for each experiment, architecture and encoder independently. Finally, the upper bounds improvements when using lung masks as a preprocessing step or when using pretrained models are quantified.

The influence of COVID-19 on routine hematological parameters of hospitalized patients

Blomme,  S,  Smets, et al

Acta Clinica Belgica: International Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Medicine

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques

This study evaluated routine hematology parameters in time after admission. Data from routine blood analyses from confirmed COVID-19 cases admitted to the University Hospital of Leuven in Belgium were collected. Deceased COVID-19 patients had significant lower platelet count, higher leukocyte/neutrophil count, and lower eosinophil/lymphocyte/monocyte count compared to recovered patients. Especially lymphocyte count showed important differences; they were significantly lower between day 9 and 12 after admission making this time window important in predicting clinical worsening of a patient. Patients with COVID-19 with poor outcome showed significant differences in results of routine hematological parameters compared with patients that recovered.

Universal screening for COVID-19 in children undergoing orthopaedic surgery: A multicenter report

Blumberg,  TJ,  Adler, et al

Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

This study examines the results of universal screening on children undergoing orthopaedic surgery.  In total, 1198 patients underwent preoperative screening across all 3 institutions and 7 (0.58%) had detection of SARS-CoV-2. The majority of patients (1/7, 86%) were asymptomatic. Patients that tested positive were significantly more likely to be Hispanic (P=0.046) and had greater number of medical comorbidities (P=0.013), as scored on the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status score. A known COVID-19 positive contact was found to be a significant risk factor in the multivariate analysis (P=0.004).

In-hospital mortality in heart failure in Germany during the Covid-19 pandemic

Bollmann,  A,  Hohenstein, et al

ESC Heart Fail

Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

AIMS: The Covid-19 pandemic affects care for cardiovascular conditions, but data on heart failure (HF) are scarce. This study aims to analyse HF care and in-hospital outcomes during the pandemic in Germany. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 9452 HF admissions were studied using claims data of 65 Helios hospitals; 1979 in the study period (13 March 30 April 2020) and 4691 and 2782 in two control periods (13 March to 30 April 2019 and 1 January to 12 March 2020). HF admissions declined compared with both control periods by 29-38%. Cardiac resynchronization therapy was implanted in 0.55% during the study period, 0.32% in the previous year and 0.43% in the same year control. Intensive care treatment was 6.22% during the study period, 4.49% in the previous year, and 5.27% in the same year control. Length of hospital stay was 7.0 ± 5.0 days in the study and 7.8 ± 5.6 and 7.3 ± 5.1 days in the control periods. In-hospital mortality was 7.0% in the study and 5.5% in both control periods.

Limiting spread of COVID-19 in Ghana: Compliance audit of selected transportation stations in the Greater Accra region of Ghana

Bonful,  HA,  Addo-Lartey, et al

PLoS One

Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

We conducted an exploratory observational study to assess compliance with these recommendations in selected transportation stations in Ghana. A one-hour audit of 45 public transport stations in the Greater Accra region was carried out between 27th and 29th March 2020. Using an adapted World Health Organization (WHO) hand hygiene assessment scale, the availability and use of handwashing facilities, social distancing, and ongoing public education on COVID-19 prevention measures were assessed, weighted and scored to determine the level of compliance of stations. Compliance with recommendations was categorized as "inadequate" "basic", "intermediate" and "advanced", based on the overall score. Majority (80%) of stations in Accra have at least one Veronica Bucket with flowing water and soap, but the number of washing places at each station is not adequate. Only a small minority (18%) of stations were communicating the need to wash hands frequently and appropriately, and to practice social/physical distancing while at the station. In most stations (95%), hand washing practice was either not observed, or only infrequently. Almost all stations (93%) did not have alcohol-based hand sanitizers available for public use, while social distancing was rarely practiced (only 2%). In over 90% of the stations, face masks were either not worn or only worn by a few passengers. Compliance with COVID-19 prevention measures was inadequate in 13 stations, basic in 16 stations, intermediate in 7 stations, and advanced in 9 stations. Compliance with COVID-19 prevention measures in public transportation stations in the Greater Accra region remains a challenge. Awareness creation should aim to elevate COVID-19 risk perception of transportation operators and clients. Transport operators and stations need support and guidance to enforce hand washing and social distancing.

Accelerating COVID-19 Differential Diagnosis with Explainable Ultrasound Image Analysis

Born,  Jannis,  Wiedemann, et al

arXiv

Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes

We provide the largest publicly available lung ultrasound (US) dataset for COVID-19 consisting of 106 videos from three classes (COVID-19, bacterial pneumonia, and healthy controls); curated and approved by medical experts. On this dataset, we perform an in-depth study of the value of deep learning methods for differential diagnosis of COVID-19. We propose a frame-based convolutional neural network that correctly classifies COVID-19 US videos with a sensitivity of 0.98+-0.04 and a specificity of 0.91+-08 (frame-based sensitivity 0.93+-0.05, specificity 0.87+-0.07). We further employ class activation maps for the spatio-temporal localization of pulmonary biomarkers, which we subsequently validate for human-in-the-loop scenarios in a blindfolded study with medical experts. Aiming for scalability and robustness, we perform ablation studies comparing mobile-friendly, frame- and video-based architectures and show reliability of the best model by aleatoric and epistemic uncertainty estimates.

Evolving Impact of COVID-19 on Transplant Center Practices and Policies in the United States

Boyarsky,  BJ,  Ruck, et al

Clin Transplant

Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

Transplant Centers: We therefore conducted a six-week follow-up survey May 7-15, 2020 and linked responses to the COVID-19 incidence map, with a response rate of 84%. Suspension of live donor transplantation decreased from 72% in March to 30% in May for kidneys and from 68% to 52% for livers. Restrictions/suspension of deceased donor transplantation decreased from 84% to 58% for kidneys and from 73% to 42% for livers. Resuming transplantation at normal capacity was envisioned by 83% of programs by August 2020. Exclusively using local recovery teams for deceased donor procurement was reported by 28%. Respondents reported caring for a total of 1,166 COVID-19-positive transplant recipients; 25% were critically ill. Telemedicine challenges were reported by 81%.

Acute deep vein thrombosis in COVID 19 hospitalized patients. Risk factors and clinical outcomes

Bozzani,  A,  Tavazzi, et al

Phlebology

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques

The aim of the study was to analyse the risk factors and clinical outcomes of COVID-19 patients who developed deep vein thrombosis during hospitalization in the acute phase of the outbreak in Lombardia- Italy.

32589950; COVID-19 Pneumonia Hospitalizations Followed by Re-Presentation for Presumed Thrombotic Event

Brosnahan,  SB,  Bhatt, et al

Chest

Clinical data| Données cliniques

New York City that are related to increased rates of thrombotic events in patients re-presenting to health care within a short timeframe after an index COVID-19 admission. All 9 patients re-presented within eight days of discharge, which echoes prior studies that depict that the highest risk for thrombosis after hospitalization for a medical illness occurs within nine days.20 This shows that the postdischarge thrombosis risk in COVID-19 seems to behave similar to other medical admission thrombosis.

Exploring Automatic Diagnosis of COVID-19 from Crowdsourced Respiratory Sound Data

Brown,  C,  Chauhan, et al

 

Clinical data| Données cliniques Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

In this paper, the authors describe results from  a large-scale crowdsourced dataset of respiratory sounds collected to aid diagnosis of COVID-19. Used coughs and breathing to understand how discernible COVID-19 sounds are from those in asthma or healthy controls. Results show that even a simple binary machine learning classifier is able to classify correctly healthy and COVID-19 sounds. Also show how we distinguish a user who tested positive for COVID-19 and has a cough from a healthy user with a cough, and users who tested positive for COVID-19 and have a cough from users with asthma and a cough.

Replicating and projecting the path of COVID-19 with a model-implied reproduction number

Buckman,  SR,  Glick, et al

Infectious Disease Modelling

Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique

Authors demonstrate a methodology for replicating and projecting the path of COVID-19 using a simple epidemiology model. They show that declines in measures of population mobility tend to precede declines in the model-implied reproduction numbers for each country.

A density functional theory study on silver and bis-silver complexes with lighter tetrylene: Are silver and bis-silver carbenes candidates for SARS-CoV-2 inhibition Insight from molecular docking simulation

Bui,  TQ,  Phuong Loan, et al

RSC Advances

Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique

The inhibitory capabilities of the carbene complexes (NHC-Ag and NHC-Ag-bis) and the two potential drugs (ribavirin and remdesivir) on human-protein ACE2 and SARS-CoV-2 protease PDB6LU7 were evaluated using molecular docking simulation. The present study suggests that silver-carbene NHC-Ag and bis-silver-carbene NHC-Ag-bis complexes are potential candidates to inhibit ACE2 and PDB6LU7, and thus potentially conducive to prevent infection caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus.

Patterns of Policy Responses to the COVID-19 Pandemic in Federal vs. Unitary European Democracies

Buthe,  Tim,  Barceló, et al

SSRN- Lancet prepublication

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

Using both statistical and qualitative case study methods, we analyse national and sub-national policy responses to COVID-19 in 2 federal (Germany and Switzerland) and 2 unitary countries (France and Italy). We find that overall, federal countries are more likely to possess heterogeneity in their policy responses than unitary countries. We find mixed evidence as to whether federal or unitary countries' policies are more responsive to the severity of the COVID-19 crisis at the sub-national level.

Saliva Alternative to Upper Respiratory Swabs for SARS-CoV-2 Diagnosis

Byrne,  RL,  Kay, et al

Emerg Infect Dis

Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes

PCR of upper respiratory specimens is the diagnostic standard for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. However, saliva sampling is an easy alternative to nasal and throat swabbing.  Overall, 12 (10.9%) saliva and 14 (12.7%) nasal and throat swab specimens of 110 paired samples tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA. Viral loads for all samples ranged from 36 to 3.3 × 106 copies/mL. Overall viral loads were similar among all positive samples.

32871183; Immunocytometric analysis of COVID patients: A contribution to personalized therapy?

Cacciapuoti,  S,  De Rosa, et al

Life Sciences

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques

This study aims to cast light on immunocytometric alterations in COVID-19, a potentially fatal viral infection with heterogeneous clinical expression and a not completely defined pathophysiology. At hospital admission, total lymphocytes and most T and B subpopulations were reduced in 50–80% of the 35 studied patients patients, with close relationship to disease severity. Immunocytofluorimetric markers may contribute to a personalized therapy in COVID patients.

Evolving Otolaryngology Resident Roles and Concerns at the Peak of the US COVID-19 Pandemic

Cai,  Y,  Gulati, et al

Head Neck

Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

The roles of US otolaryngology residents have changed in response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Authors characterized resident activities and concerns as the pandemic peaked in the US.
Otolaryngology resident concerns have evolved as the pandemic progressed. Residency programs should prioritize resident education, well-being in redeployed residents, and open communication as they transition toward recovery.

Exploring the factors influencing the readiness of faculty and students on online teaching and learning as an alternative delivery mode for the new normal

Callo,  EC,  Yazon, et al

Yakugaku Zasshi

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

This descriptive-correlational study investigated the factors influencing the readiness in online teaching and learning as an alternative delivery mode to continue the teaching-learning process, even the absence of face-to-face interactions between teachers and students. The results revealed that respondent familiarity and capability, preparation, device and access connectivity, self-efficacy, and experience with technology significantly influence their readiness on the conduct of online teaching and learning modality. It is concluded that faculty and student readiness on online teaching and learning is determined by their competence, accessibility of ICT tool, preparedness, confidence in their ability to use technology, and exposure to e-learning materials.

University student mentalwell-being during COVID-19 outbreak: What are the relationships between information seeking, perceived risk and personal resources related to the academic context?

Capone,  V,  Caso, et al

Sustainability (Switzerland)

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

The aims of this study were to estimate university students' prevalence of mental health during lockdown, and to examine the associations between mental health and, respectively, academic stress, self-efficacy, satisfaction for degree course, locus of control, COVID-19 risk perception, taking into account the level of information seeking about pandemic. Results showed that 22.3% of participants were flourishing, and levels of mental well-being appeared in line with normative values in young Italian adults; levels of academic stress were not significantly higher than those found in other student samples before the COVID-19 outbreak. Students with high levels of information seeking presented higher levels of well-being and risk perception.

The impact of COVID-19 on health status of home-dwelling elderly patients with dementia in East Lombardy, Italy: results from COVIDEM network

Caratozzolo,  S,  Zucchelli, et al

Aging Clin Exp Res

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques

This study evaluated the impact of COVID-19 on health status in home-dwelling patients with dementia. 848 home-dwelling outpatients with dementia contacted from April 27 to 30 and evaluated by a semi-structured interview to evaluate possible health complication due to COVID-19 from February 21 to April 30.  Patients were 79.7 years old (SD 7.1) and 63.1% were females. Ninety-five (11.2%) patients developed COVID-19-like symptoms. Non COVID-19 and COVID-19 patients differed for frequency of diabetes (18.5% vs. 37.9%, p < 0.001), COPD (7.3% vs. 18.9%, p < 0.001), and previous flu vaccination (56.7% vs. 37.9%, p < 0.001). Diabetes and COPD were positively associated with COVID-19, whereas higher dementia severity and flu vaccination showed an inverse association. Among COVID-19 patients, 42 (44.2%) were hospitalized while 32 (33.7%) died. Non COVID-19 patients' hospitalization and mortality rate were 1.9% and 1.2%, respectively.

The Social Divide of Social Distancing: Lockdowns in Santiago during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Carranza,  Aldo,  Goic, et al

SSRN- Lancet prepublication

Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique

In this paper we study the impact of shelter-in-place and lockdown interventions in the capital of a developing country, Santiago, Chile. While high income zones can exhibit reductions in mobility of around 60-80\% (significantly driven by voluntary lockdowns), lower income zones only reduce mobility by 20-40\%.

Early estimation of the risk factors for hospitalization and mortality by COVID-19 in Mexico

Carrillo-Vega,  M,  Salinas-Escudero, et al

PLoS One

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques

The present study aims to estimate the risk factors for hospitalization and death in the Mexican population infected by SARS-CoV-2.  Using publicly available data , all records of positive SARS-CoV-2 cases were included. Two multiple logistic regression models were fitted to estimate the association between hospitalization and mortality, with other covariables. Data on 10,544 individuals (57.68% men), with mean age 46.47±15.62, were analyzed. Men were about 1.54 times more likely to be hospitalized than women (p<0.001, 95% C.I. 1.37-1.74); individuals aged 50-74 and ≥74 were more likely to be hospitalized than people aged 25-49 (OR 2.05, p<0.001, 95% C.I. 1.81-2.32, and OR 3.84, p<0.001, 95% C.I. 2.90-5.15, respectively). People with hypertension, obesity, and diabetes were more likely to be hospitalized than people without these comorbidities (p<0.01). Men had more risk of death in comparison to women (OR = 1.53, p<0.001, 95% C.I. 1.30-1.81) and individuals aged 50-74 and ≥75 were more likely to die than people aged 25-49 (OR 1.96, p<0.001, 95% C.I. 1.63-2.34, and OR 3.74, p<0.001, 95% C.I. 2.80-4.98, respectively). Hypertension, obesity, and diabetes presented in combination conveyed a higher risk of dying in comparison to not having these diseases (OR = 2.10; p<0.001, 95% C.I. 1.50-2.93). Hospitalization, intubation and pneumonia entail a higher risk of dying (OR 5.02, p<0.001, 95% C.I. 3.88-6.50; OR 4.27, p<0.001, 95% C.I. 3.26-5.59, and OR = 2.57; p<0.001, 95% C.I. 2.11-3.13, respectively).

Methotrexate inhibits SARS-CoV-2 virus replication "in vitro"

Caruso,  A,  Caccuri, et al

J Med Virol

Therapeutics| Thérapeutique

By using a systems approach, we identify the host‐encoded pathway, which provides ribonucleotides to viral RNA synthesis, as a possible target. We show that methotrexate, an FDA‐approved inhibitor of purine biosynthesis, potently inhibits viral RNA replication, viral protein synthesis, and virus release. The effective antiviral methotrexate concentrations are similar to those used for established human therapies using the same drug. Methotrexate should be most effective in patients at the earliest appearance of symptoms to effectively prevent viral replication, diffusion of the infection, and possibly fatal complications.

Reduction of hypoglycemia, lifestyle modifications and psychological distress during lockdown following SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in type 1 diabetic patients using flash continuous glucose monitoring: a retrospective cohort study

Caruso,  I,  Di Molfetta, et al

Diabetes Metab Res Rev

Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

AIMS: To assess changes in glucose metrics and their association with psychological distress and lifestyle changes in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) using flash glucose monitoring (FGM) during lockdown following SARS-CoV-2 outbreak.  MATERIALS AND METHODS: Single-center, observational, retrospective study enrolling T1D patients who attended a remote visit on April 2020 at the Endocrinology division of the University Hospital Policlinico Consorziale, Bari, Italy. Lockdown-related changes in physical activity level and dietary habits were assessed on a semi-quantitative basis. Changes in general well-being were assessed by the General Health Questionnaire-12 items (GHQ-12) with a binary scoring system. Glucose metrics were obtained from the Libreview platform for the first two weeks of February 2020 (T0) and the last two weeks before the phone visit (T1). RESULTS: Out of 84 patients assessed for eligibility, 48 had sufficient FGM data to be included in the analysis. FGM data analysis revealed significant reductions in coefficient of variation (CV), number of hypoglycemic events and time below range (TBR), while no changes were found in time in range (TIR), time above range (TAR), mean sensor glucose (MSG) and glucose management indicator (GMI). Moreover, the frequency of sweets consumption was inversely related to the occurrence of hypoglycemic events during lockdown.

Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Brazilian electricity consumption patterns

Carvalho,  M,  de Delgado, et al

International Journal of Energy Research

Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique

The implementation of mobility restrictions and home office schemes due to the COVID-19 pandemic have influenced electricity consumption patterns and levels. This study analyzes the effect of physical distancing measures regarding mobility on the energy consumption trends for the Brazilian energy system and its subsystems (Northeast, North, South, and Southeast-Midwest). Trends were evaluated by the Joinpoint software, and the analysis comprehended the period between January 1 and May 27, 2020. Daily load data was grouped into weeks, with the calculation of weekly percentage changes considering a 95% confidence interval and p < 0.05. The weekly electricity loads were compared in the periods before and after the isolation decrees were enforced in Brazil (March 15, 2020). Statistically significant decreases were observed in the levels of electricity consumption, with trends represented by two joinpoints. Due to the different profiles of consumption across the geographic regions, the resulting electricity dynamics were also different. This is the first study to employ joinpoint analysis for the calculation of energy consumption trends focusing on the COVID-29 pandemic. Data presented herein is unique, in its focus on Brazil, which enables more accurate implications to be drawn for Brazilian policy makers. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd

32492354; Rationale and Design of ORCHID: A Randomized Placebo-controlled Clinical Trial of Hydroxychloroquine for Adults Hospitalized with COVID-19

Casey,  JD,  Johnson, et al

Annals of the American Thoracic Society

RCT

This article provides the rationale and background for the ORCHID (Outcomes Related to COVID-19 treated with Hydroxychloroquine among In-patients with symptomatic Disease) trial which is a multicenter, blinded, randomized trial of hydroxychloroquine versus placebo for the treatment of adults hospitalized with coronavirus disease (COVID-19)trial. This paper also highlights key design features.

Pituitary apoplexy associated with acute COVID-19 infection and pregnancy

Chan,  JL,  Gregory, et al

Pituitary

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie

Here we demonstrate the first known case of successful elective induction of vaginal delivery and transsphenoidal intervention in a near full term gravid patient presenting with pituitary apoplexy and acute SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Performance evaluation of two SARS-CoV-2 IgG/IgM rapid tests (Covid-Presto and NG-Test) and one IgG automated immunoassay (Abbott)

Charpentier,  C,  Ichou, et al

Journal of Clinical Virology

Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes

The aim of this study was to assess the analytical performances, sensitivity and specificity, of two rapid tests (Covid- Presto® test rapid Covid-19 IgG/IgM and NG-Test® IgM-IgG COVID-19) and one automated immunoassay (Abbott SARS-CoV-2 IgG) for detecting anti- SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Sensitivity of Covid-Presto® test for IgM and IgG was 78.4% and 92.0%, respectively. Sensitivity of NG-Test® for IgM and IgG was 96.6% and 94.9%, respectively. Sensitivity of Abbott IgG assay was 96.5% showing an excellent agreement with the two rapid tests (κ = 0.947 and κ = 0.936 for NGTest ® and Covid-Presto® test, respectively). An excellent agreement was also observed between the two rapid tests (κ = 0.937). Specificity for IgM was 100% and 86.5% for Covid-Presto® test and NG-Test®, respectively. Specificity for IgG was 92.0%, 94.9% and 96.5% for Covid-Presto®, NGTest ®, and Abbott, respectively.

Chinese herbal medicine reduces mortality in patients with severe and critical Coronavirus disease 2019: a retrospective cohort study

Chen,  G,  Su, et al

Front Med

Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) in patients with severe/critical coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In this retrospective study, data were collected from 662 patients with severe/critical COVID-19 who were admitted to a designated hospital to treat patients with severe COVID-19 in Wuhan before March 20, 2020. All patients were divided into an exposed group (CHM users) and a control group (non-users). After propensity score matching in a 1:1 ratio, 156 CHM users were matched by propensity score to 156 non-users. No significant differences in seven baseline clinical variables were found between the two groups of patients. All-cause mortality was reported in 13 CHM users who died and 36 non-users who died. After multivariate adjustment, the mortality risk of CHM users was reduced by 82.2% (odds ratio 0.178, 95% CI 0.076-0.418; P < 0.001) compared with the non-users. Secondly, age (odds ratio 1.053, 95% CI 1.023-1.084; P < 0.001) and the proportion of severe/critical patients (odds ratio 0.063, 95% CI 0.028-0.143; P < 0.001) were the risk factors of mortality. These results show that the use of CHM may reduce the mortality of patients with severe/critical COVID-19.

PMC7336916; Impact of quarantine measures on chemical compositions of PM(2.5) during the COVID-19 epidemic in Shanghai, China

Chen,  H,  Huo, et al

Sci Total Environ

Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique

Herein, we present the major chemical composition of non-refractory PM(2.5) (NR-PM(2.5)) and the concentrations of gaseous pollutants in an urban site in Shanghai before and during the quarantine period of the COVID-19 epidemic. Quarantine measures led to a reduction in the concentrations of PM2.5, SO2, NOx, and CO in Shanghai. Reduction in NOx led to increasing O3 and decreasing nitrate.

PMC7462787; Capped borrower credit risk and insurer hedging during the COVID-19 outbreak

Chen,  S,  Yang, et al

Financ Res Lett

Economics | Économie

In this paper, we apply the risk-neutral valuation methodology to evaluate a life insurer's equity. We model the features capped by the explicit treatment of the borrowing firm's credit risk, the optimal guaranteed rate-setting, and the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak. The results show that the severe effect of the COVID-19 epidemic on the borrowing firm harms its insurance business but that stringent capital regulation helps. The severe impact of COVID-19 on both the borrowing firm and the insurer hedging harm policyholder protection, thereby adversely affecting insurance stability.

Clinical characteristics of 132 healthcare workers cases with COVID-19: a retrospective study from a single center in Wuhan, China

Chen,  T,  Li, et al

J Med Virol

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques

The most common symptoms of illness onset were fever (70, 53.0%), cough (66, 50.0%), and fatigue (58, 43.9%). All patients were categorized into mild or moderate COVID‐19 type on admission to hospital, and five (3.8%) progress to the severe COVID‐19 type. Sixty six HCWs patients were included in both early and later discharged group. In the logistic analysis, the later discharged patients had longer time for illness onset to hospital admission (per 1 day; OR: 1.10; 95% CI: 1.03–1.18; P=0.006), higher proportion of >3 onset symptoms clustering (OR: 3.11; 95% CI: 1.27–7.62; P=0.01) and higher percentage of other HCWs (OR: 6.20; 95% CI: 1.49–25.80; P=0.01). HCWs patients were young, female, nurse with less comorbidities, and most were mild or moderate COVID‐19 type. The later discharged patients exhibited characteristics of longer time for illness onset to hospitalization and clustering of onset symptoms.

Infectious Disease Modeling and Epidemic Response Measures Analysis Considering Asymptomatic Infection

Chen,  X

IEEE Access

Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie

Theoretical analysis and numerical simulation are employed to conduct prediction of development of the COVID-19 epidemic.
This study provides useful enlightenment and decision-making reference for policy makers to choose appropriate epidemic prevention and response measures in practice.

Exploration of inhibitory action of Azo imidazole derivatives against COVID-19 main protease (Mpro): A computational study

Chhetri,  A,  Chettri, et al

Journal of Molecular Structure

Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique

The result of the docking of L1-L4 showed a significant inhibitory action against the Main protease (Mpro) of SARS-CoV-2 and the binding energy (ΔG) values of the ligands (L1-L4) against the protein 6LU7 have found to be −7.7 Kcal/mole (L1), −7.0 Kcal/mole (L2), −7.9 Kcal/mole (L3), and −7.9 Kcal/mole (L4).The efficiency of the ligands has been compared with the FDA approved and clinically trial drugs such as remdesivir, Chloroquin and Hydroxychloroquin and native ligand N3 of main protease 6LU7 to ascertain the inhibitory potential of the studied ligands (L1-L4) against the protein 6LU7.

Characterizing Twitter Interaction during COVID-19 pandemic using Complex Networks and Text Mining

Chire-Saire,  Josimar

arXiv

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

The scope of this paper is to analyze the interaction on Twitter of South American countries and characterize the flow of data through the users using Complex Network representation and Text Mining. The preliminary experiments introduces the idea of existence of patterns, similar to Complex Systems. Besides, the degree distribution confirm the idea of having a System and visualization of Adjacency Matrices show the presence of users' group publishing and interacting together during the time, there is a possibility of identification of robots sending posts constantly.

COVID-19 Outbreak and Physical Activity in the Italian Population: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the Underlying Psychosocial Mechanisms

Chirico,  A,  Lucidi, et al

Frontiers in Psychology

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

Authors investigated the prevalence of physical and sports activities by testing, via a Structural Equation Model, the influence of such psychosocial variables on the intention to preserve physical fitness during the healthcare emergency.
Giving the potential deleterious effects of physical inactivity due to personal restrictions, these data may increase preparedness of public health measures and attractiveness of recommendations, including on the beneficial effects of exercise, under circumstances of social distancing to control an outbreak of a novel infectious disease.

Knowledge and awareness of covid 19 on the respiratory system-a survey

Chockalingam,  S,  Gayatri Devi, et al

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

This study aimed to find the awareness of the amount of impact that the disease COVID-19 had on the respiratory system. A survey was conducted with a questionnaire of 15 questions using Google Forms given to a study population of college students aged between 18 and 22 years, the link to which was sent to 106 participants. The compiled data were compared with the results of other studies. There were high similarities in the results of both studies. The research assessed the awareness of COVID-19 and its effect on the respiratory system among college students, and it was found to be high.

PMC7381420; Optimal strategies for vaccination and social distancing in a game-theoretic epidemiologic model

Choi,  W,  Shim, et al

J Theor Biol

Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique

We developed a game-theoretic epidemiological model that considers vaccination and social distancing under the assumption that individuals pursue the maximization of payoffs. By using this model, we identified the individually optimal strategy based on the Nash strategy when both strategies are available and when only one strategy is available. Furthermore, we determined the relative costs of control strategies at which individuals preferentially adopt vaccination over social distancing (or vice versa).

32893789; Seroconversion in Newly Diagnosed Cases of Coronavirus Disease

Chughtai,  OR,  Batool, et al

Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques

All the pre-pandemic samples tested were negative for antibodies with a negative agreement of 100%. Total agreement at day 7 post-symptom onset was 84%; whereas, it was 94% at day 14 and increased rapidly to 100% at day 21 post-symptom onset. At day 7 post-symptom onset, 68% of patients were seroconverted; and this percentage was 88% and 100% at day 14 and 21 post-symptom onset, respectively.

32771633; Transmission onset distribution of COVID-19

Chun,  JY,  Baek, et al

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Transmission Clinical data| Données cliniques

Objectives: The distribution of the transmission onset of COVID-19 relative to the symptom onset is a key parameter for infection control. It is often not easy to study the transmission onset time, as it is difficult to know who infected whom exactly when. Methods: We inferred transmission onset time from 72 infector-infectee pairs in South Korea, either with known or inferred contact dates, utilizing the incubation period. Combining this data with known information of the infector's symptom onset, we could generate the transmission onset distribution of COVID-19, using Bayesian methods. Serial interval distribution could be automatically estimated from our data. Results: We estimated the median transmission onset to be 1.31 days (standard deviation, 2.64 days) after symptom onset with a peak at 0.72 days before symptom onset. The pre-symptomatic transmission proportion was 37% (95% credible interval CI], 16–52%). The median incubation period was estimated to be 2.87 days (95% CI, 2.33–3.50 days), and the median serial interval to be 3.56 days (95% CI, 2.72–4.44 days). Conclusions: Considering that the transmission onset distribution peaked with the symptom onset and the pre-symptomatic transmission proportion is substantial, the usual preventive measures might be too late to prevent SARS-CoV-2 transmission. © 2020 The Author(s)

Influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on Asian scholarly journal editors' daily life, work, and opinions on future journal development

Chung,  Y,  Kim, et al

Science Editing

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

This study examined changes in Asian journal editors' daily life and work during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and investigated their opinions on expected changes.  Fifty-seven respondents (37.5%) felt very or extremely anxious about the COVID-19 pandemic, and 101 (68.4%) reported spending more time on the internet. The workload of editing, reviewing, and publishing had increased for about one-third of respondents. Of the 68 editors who had received manuscripts on COVID-19, 30 (44.1%) prioritized them. Most respondents (73.7%) predicted that online-only journal publishing would expand after the COVID-19 pandemic.

Prevalence of COVID-19 Symptoms among Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients Treated with Biological Agents

Conley,  TE,  Probert, et al

J Crohns Colitis

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques

We conducted a survey on the prevalence of Covid-19 symptoms among consecutive IBD patients treated with biologics attending our infusion unit for administration of intravenous or subcutaneous biologics during the calendar period 24/02/2020 to 10/07/2020. Of the 203 patients who responded, 105 (52%) had CD and 98 (48%) had UC. Baseline characteristics were comparable between UC and CD apart from a higher proportion of women among CD patients (84.8% vs 51.1%, PP<0.001) and a higher rate of corticosteroid use among UC patients (12.3% vs 4.8%, p=0.075). Of the entire cohort, 101 (46.6%) patients were on a concomitant immunomodulator. A large proportion reported following shielding (n=114, 56.2%) or following social isolation (n=40, 19.7%), in keeping with recommendations from UK government. The overall prevalence of typical Covid-19 symptoms was 28.6% among ulcerative colitis (UC) and 13.3% among Crohn’s disease (CD) patients (P=0.009). None of the patients were hospitalized.

Rapid Increase in Telemental Health Within the Department of Veterans Affairs During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Connolly,  SL,  Stolzmann, et al

Telemed J E Health

Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

A study of the change in the use of telemental health via videoconferencing (TMH-V) due to the pandemic by the Department of Veterans Affairs. COVID-19 changes in TMH-V appointments were captured during March 11, 2020 - April 22, 2020. Daily TMH-V encounters rose from 1,739 on March 11 to 11,406 on April 22 (556% growth, 222,349 total encounters). Growth was facilitated by preexisting infrastructure and lessened barriers due to pandemic efforts.

The challenges of containing SARS-CoV-2 via test-trace-and-isolate

Contreras,  Sebastian,  Dehning, et al

arXiv

Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique

In our semi-analytical model, we identified two distinct tipping points between controlled and uncontrolled spreading: one, at which the behavior-driven reproduction number of the hidden infections becomes too large to be compensated by the available test-trace-and-isolate (TTI) capabilities, and one at which the number of new infections starts to exceed the tracing capacity, causing a self-accelerating spread. We investigated how these tipping points depend on realistic limitations like limited cooperativity, missing contacts, and imperfect isolation, finding that TTI is likely not sufficient to contain the natural spread of SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, complementary measures like reduced physical contacts and improved hygiene probably remain necessary.

Headache in a group of SARS-COVID-19 patients: an observational prospectical study

Coppola,  A,  Tonini, et al

Neurol Sci

Clinical data| Données cliniques

We report the findings of a small group of patients that have been hospitalized in order to better characterize the specific type of their cephalic pain. We have evaluated 73 patients in total (mean age 69.75).

32791192; Is There an Impact of COVID-19 on Admission of Patients to the Emergency Department for Vascular Surgery?

Correia,  M,  Constâncio, et al

Annals of Vascular Surgery

Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

The aim of this article is to understand how the admission of a patient to the ED for vascular surgery changed in this center in Portugal and if this situation prevented urgent surgical procedures. In the  emergency state (ES), 115 patients were observed at the ED and 179 in the 2019 corresponding period. During the ES, patients significantly recurred less to the ED directly from home (P < 0.001) and were less referred to the ED by primary care doctors (P < 0.001). Patients observed at the ED were significantly more urgent—required urgent surgery or were admitted to the department—than those in 2019 (40% vs. 24%). However, there were no differences when only considering urgent surgery (14% in ES vs. 10% in 2019). In the ES, 38% of patients observed at the ED were discharged with no follow-up related to vascular surgery against 60% in 2019, although this difference was not significant. Compared with the preceding 10 years, there are not significant differences in the number of patients who underwent urgent surgery in both ES and non-ES periods. In patients with acute limb ischemia, we did not find an increase in the time between onset of symptoms and ED admission, during the ES.

32472897; What Do We Know About COVID-19?: Maxillofacial Surgeons Survey

Costa,  SM,  Lacerda, et al

The Journal of craniofacial surgery

Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

In the present study, the authors performed a nationwide survey with Brazilian  oral and maxillofacial surgeons (OMFS) to evaluate the knowledge of these professionals about the pandemic status of the COVID-19. A total of 142 OMFS replied the survey and the results brings light to an incomparable health public problem that the OMFS in Brazil are no able to protect itself, diagnose the suspicious and probable cases, request and interpret the correct laboratorial examinations for the treatment of the COVID-19 patients.

Faculty readiness for online crisis teaching: transitioning to online teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic

Cutri,  RM,  Mena, et al

European Journal of Teacher Education

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

This mixed-methods study was designed to measure and elaborate constructs of faculty online readiness from pre- COVID-19 pandemic literature. Bringing together the validation of a scale to measure these constructs and insights from a focus group, findings suggest that the negative connotations of risk-taking and making mistakes while learning to teach online seem to have been mitigated by a combination of affective factors such as humility, empathy, and even optimism. Teacher educators explained that transitioning online in a context of a crisis contorts normal longitudinal perceptions of preparation and readiness. This new sense of temporality was connected to unexpected benefits of bringing them into partnership with their students. However, quantitative and qualitative results are interpreted to show that assessing students’ equitable access to online learning and managing the demands of scholarship and university-based and academic community service duties are areas in need of attention from professional development designers and policy makers. © 2020 Association for Teacher Education in Europe.

Personal protective equipment: A cross-sectional study in frontline healthcare workers during covid-19 outbreak in Tunisia

Daghmouri,  MA,  Akremi, et al

Tunisie Medicale

Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI) Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

This study aimed to evaluate the availability of personal protective equipment (PPE) in addition to the reality and perception regarding personal safety in workplace. We carried out a cross-sectional survey from 15th April to 5th May 2020 across public and private institutions in Tunisia. We received 723 responses. We found that there was a likely overuse of PPE in addition to a high rate of side effects caused by PPE.

SARS-CoV-2 Infection During Induction Chemotherapy in a Child With High-risk T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (T-ALL)

Dantonello,  TM,  Kartal-Kaess, et al

J Pediatr Hematol Oncol

Clinical data| Données cliniques

We describe the diagnosis, treatment and outcome of a 4-year-old boy with high-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia and COVID-19. Regardless of immunosuppressive induction chemotherapy his symptoms remained moderate. He received only supportive treatment. Seroconversion occurred in a similar period as in immunocompetent adults. Despite prolonged myelosuppression he did neither acquire secondary infections nor did the treatment delay caused by the infection have a measurable negative impact on the residual disease of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Intriguingly, residual leukemia even decreased even though he did not receive any antileukemic therapy.

Listening to hospital personnel’s narratives during the COVID-19 outbreak

Daphna-Tekoah,  S,  Brikman, et al

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

As a means to address the changing needs of our hospital’s HCWs, we conducted a narrative analysis study in the early stages of the covid-19 outbreak. A focus group of medical experts, conducted as the initial step, recommended that a bottom-up research tool be used for exploring HCWs’ traumatic experiences and needs. The interviewees expressed a need for physical and psychological security in the battle against Covid-19, in addition to the need for attachment and meaning. Importantly, we also found that the interview itself may serve as a therapeutic tool. In light of our findings, we recommended changes in hospital practices, which were subsequently implemented.

Telepsychiatry during COVID-19 – A brief survey on attitudes of psychiatrists in India

Das,  N

Asian Journal of Psychiatry

Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

We prepared a 25-item semi-structured questionnaire using google form and was circulated among the psychiatrists across India using Email, WhatsApp, Facebook, LinkedIn and other social media applications via snow-ball sampling technique. The data collection was done from 12th April 2020 to 5th May 2020. This survey provides the much-needed insight about the attitudes of psychiatrists from a low-resource setting, towards the usage of telepsychiatry in the era of COVID-19. Many young psychiatrists hold a positive attitude towards telepsychiatry, which can be considered as an optimistic sign for the future.

The Contagion Externality of a Superspreading Event: The Sturgis Motorcycle Rally and COVID-19

Dave,  Dhaval,  Friedson, et al

SSRN- Lancet prepublication

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique Economics | Économie

Between August 7 and August 16, 2020, nearly 500,000 motorcycle enthusiasts converged on Sturgis, South Dakota for its annual motorcycle rally. This study is the first to explore the impact of this event on social distancing and the spread of COVID-19. First, using anonymized cell phone data we document that smartphone pings from non-residents, and foot traffic at local establishments each rose substantially in the census block groups hosting Sturgis rally events. We show that a month following the onset of the Rally, COVID-19 cases increased by approximately 6 to 7 cases per 1,000 population in its home county of Meade. Estimates show that following the event, counties that contributed the highest inflows of rally attendees experienced a 7.0 to 12.5% increase in COVID-19 cases relative to counties that did not contribute inflows.  Descriptive evidence suggests these effects may be muted in states with stricter mitigation policies (i.e., restrictions on bar/restaurant openings, mask-wearing mandates). We conclude that the Sturgis Motorcycle Rally generated public health costs of as much as $12.2 billion.

India nudges to contain COVID-19 pandemic: A reactive public policy analysis using machine-learning based topic modelling

Debnath,  R,  Bardhan, et al

PLoS One

Public Health Priorities| Priorités de santé publique

This study investigated how Indian government formed reactive policies to fight coronavirus across its policy sectors. Primary data was collected from the Press Information Bureau (PIB) in the form press releases of government plans, policies, programme initiatives and achievements. A text corpus of 260,852 words was created from 396 documents from the PIB. An unsupervised machine-based topic modelling using Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) algorithm was performed on the text corpus. It was done to extract high probability topics in the policy sectors. The interpretation of the extracted topics was made through a nudge theoretic lens to derive the critical policy heuristics of the government. Results showed that most interventions were targeted to generate endogenous nudge by using external triggers. Notably, the nudges from the Prime Minister of India was critical in creating herd effect on lockdown and social distancing norms across the nation. A similar effect was also observed around the public health (e.g., masks in public spaces; Yoga and Ayurveda for immunity), transport (e.g., old trains converted to isolation wards), micro, small and medium enterprises (e.g., rapid production of PPE and masks), science and technology sector (e.g., diagnostic kits, robots and nano-technology), home affairs (e.g., surveillance and lockdown), urban (e.g. drones, GIS-tools) and education (e.g., online learning).

General awareness about covid-19 and the role of convalescent plasma therapy in the treatment of covid-19 among post graduate dental students-a kap survey

Deepa Viswasini,  R,  Abilasha, et al

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences

Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

The study aims at assessing the general awareness about Covid-19 and knowledge about the role of Convalescent plasma therapy for treatment of Covid-19 among post graduate dental students. A total of 103 participant were included in the study. The knowledge regarding covid-19 and the awareness about the usefulness of convalescent plasma was variable. Around 90% of the participants were aware of the effectiveness of convalescent plasma therapy. Advance training, proper PPE and training on handling the patients with any infectious disease should be dealt with in detail for reducing the spread from dental clinics and dentists.

Women’s and men’s work, housework and childcare, before and during COVID-19

Del Boca,  D,  Oggero, et al

Review of Economics of the Household

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

Using new survey data collected in April 2020 from a representative sample of Italian women, we analyse the effects of working arrangements due to COVID-19 on housework, childcare and home schooling among couples where both partners work. Our results show that most of the additional housework and childcare associated to COVID-19 falls on women while childcare activities are more equally shared within the couple than housework activities. Analysis of work–life balance satisfaction shows that working women with children aged 0–5 are those who find balancing work and family more difficult during COVID-19.

Routine haematology parameters in COVID-19 patients and clinical outcome: A Belgian single-centre study

Demeester,  S,  Demuyser, et al

Int J Lab Hematol

Clinical data| Données cliniques

In this letter to the editor authors discuss using a prospective, single‐centre study in Belgium is to describe the course of multiple haematological parameters during hospitalization of COVID‐19 patients and to investigate differences according to outcome.
Authors observe differences in haematological parameters in COVID‐19 patients according to the patient outcome, at hospital admission and during 1‐month follow‐up.

32883938; SARS-CoV-2 viral sepsis with meningoencephalitis

Dharsandiya,  M,  Shah, et al

Indian journal of medical microbiology

Clinical data| Données cliniques

SARS-CoV-2 predominantly involves the lungs producing acute lung injury, but it can also give rise to a variety of complications involving the central nervous system, gastrointestinal system, kidney and also viral sepsis. With this case report, we are discussing unusual series of complication from acute lung injury, followed by viral sepsis then encephalitis, followed by progressive macrophage activation syndrome.

Maternal and Perinatal Outcomes of Pregnant Women with SARS-COV-2 infection

Di Mascio,  D

Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate maternal and perinatal outcomes of pregnant women affected by SARS-COV-2. METHODS: This was a multinational retrospective cohort study including women with laboratory-confirmed SARS-COV-2 from 73 centers from 22 different countries in Europe, United States, South America, Asia and Australia from February 1, 2020 to April 30, 2020. Confirmed SARS-COV-2 infection was defined as a positive result on real-time reverse-transcriptase-polymerase-chain-reaction (RT-PCR) assay of nasal and pharyngeal swab specimens. The primary outcome was a composite measure of maternal mortality and morbidity including admission to intensive care unit (ICU), use of mechanical ventilation, or death. RESULTS: 388 singleton pregnancies tested positive to SARS-COV-2 at RT-PCR nasal and pharyngeal swab were included in the study. The primary outcome was observed in 47/388 women (12.1%). 43/388 women (11.1%) were admitted to ICU, 36/388 (9.3%) required mechanical ventilation, and 3/388 women deceased (0.8%). Of the 388 women included in the study, 122 (31.4%) were still pregnant at the time of the study. Among the other 266 women, 6 had spontaneous first-trimester abortion, 3 had elective termination of pregnancy, 6 had stillbirth, and 251 delivered a live-born infant. The rate of preterm birth less than 37 weeks of gestation was 26.3% (70/266). Of the 251 live-born infants, 69/251 (27.5%) were admitted to NICU, with 5 neonatal deaths (2.0%). The overall rate of perinatal death was 4.1% (11/266). Only one infant (1/251, 0.4%) born from a mother tested positive during the third trimester, was found positive to SARS-COV-2 at RT-PCR. CONCLUSIONS: SARS-COV-2 in pregnant women is associated with 0.8% rate of maternal mortality, but 11.1% rate of admission to ICU. The risk of vertical transmission seems to be negligible. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Are SARS-CoV-2 IgA antibodies in pediatric patients with chilblain-like lesions indicative of COVID-19 asymptomatic or paucisymptomatic infection?

Diociaiuti,  A,  Giancristoforo, et al

J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol

Clinical data| Données cliniques Immunology | Immunologie

We recently described 19 adolescents with chilblain‐like lesions who were negative for SARS‐CoV‐2 by RT‐PCR and IgG serology for nucleocapsid protein

Closed Facebook groups and COVID-19: an evaluation of utilization prior to and during the pandemic

Docimo,  S,  J, et al

Surg Endosc

Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

We aim to evaluate the use of Online Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons (SAGES) closed Facebook groups, during and prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic halted surgical education at all levels. The membership and utilization of closed Facebook groups increased significantly in many instances, demonstrating the importance of internet-based surgical education now and into the future.

Change in Donor Characteristics and Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in Donated Blood in the US, June-August 2020

Dodd,  RY,  Xu, et al

Jama

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

We examined whether testing of donations for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies was associated with changes in donor characteristics and reactivity of donated blood. In the 2 weeks prior to initiation of testing, 11% of donors were first-time donors compared with 17% (P < .001) after that time.  Reactive rates increased over the study period, from 1.18% (95% CI, 1.11%-1.25%) to 2.58% (95% CI, 2.48%-2.69%; P < .001). This study found that, after the introduction of antibody testing, the proportion of first-time donors increased, and donations from younger and racial and ethnic minority donors were more likely to be reactive.

Prognostic value of lactate dehydrogenase for in-hospital mortality in severe and critically ill patients with covid-19

Dong,  X,  Sun, et al

International Journal of Medical Sciences

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques

In this study, we aimed to evaluate the association of LDH with in-hospital mortality in severe and critically ill patients with COVID-19. This single-center retrospective study enrolled 119 patients. Compared to the survival group, LDH levels in the dead group were significantly higher 559.5 (172, 7575) U/L vs 228 (117, 490) U/L, (P < 0.001)]. In Multivariate Cox regression, it remained an independent risk factor for in-hospital mortality (Hazard ratio 5.985, 95.0% CI: 1.498-23.905; P=0.011). A cutoff value of 353.5 U/L predicted the in-hospital mortality with a sensitivity of 94.4% and a specificity of 89.2% respectively.

Prone position in patients in spontaneous ventilation with respiratory failure by COVID-19: Case report

Dos Anjos,  JLM,  Santos Junior, et al

Revista Pesquisa em Fisioterapia

Clinical data| Données cliniques

This case report describes using the prone position (PP) in a patient with spontaneous ventilation with mild respiratory failure secondary to COVID-19. The prone position such patients is safe and can be used as adjunctive therapy to treatment.

Maximum entropy approach to reliability analysis based epidemic disease model

Du,  YM,  Sun, et al

Kexue Tongbao/Chinese Science Bulletin

Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie

This study analyzes the dynamic model of epidemic disease system based on the maximum entropy approach to reliability. Additionally, limited immunity duration model is also considered. The relationship between the infectious ratio of steady state and the proportion of immunization duration to healing period is presented.

30-day mortality for fractured neck of femur patients with concurrent COVID-19 infection

Dupley,  L,  Oputa, et al

European Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques

Introduction: Risk factors for mortality associated with COVID-19 have been reported to include increased age, male sex and certain comorbidities. Fracture neck of femur (NOF) patients is high-risk surgical patients, often with multiple comorbidities and advanced age. We quantify the 30-day mortality rate in fractured NOF patients with a positive peri-operative COVID-19 antigen test and identify risk factors for increased mortality. Methods: This is a retrospective multi-centre review of all patients admitted with a fractured NOF and a confirmed laboratory diagnosis of COVID-19 between 1 March and 26 April 2020. Demographic data, comorbidities, ASA grade and date of death (if applicable) were collected. Results: There were 64 patients in the cohort with an overall 30-day mortality rate of 32.8% (n = 21). Thirty-five (55%) were female, and mean age was 83 (SD 9, range 46–100) years. There was significantly increased mortality for those with a history of myocardial infarction (p = 0.03). Sixty-four percent of patients underwent surgery within the 36-h target, which is comparable to previous data for the same time of year. Overall mortality increased to 50% (n = 32) at 45 days post-operatively. Conclusion: This is a large review of 30-day mortality in NOF patients with concurrent COVID-19 infection. We report a substantial increase from the pre-COVID-19 mean 30-day mortality rate (6.5% in 2019). We highlight the need for counselling patients when presenting with a NOF in relation to peri-operative COVID-19 infection and the associated increased risks. © 2020, Springer-Verlag France SAS, part of Springer Nature.

PMC7351670; Cleaning the River Ganga: Impact of lockdown on water quality and future implications on river rejuvenation strategies

Dutta,  V,  Dubey, et al

Sci Total Environ

Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique

This study described signs of rejuvenation and significant improvement on many parameters in the Ganga River, following nationwide lockdown due to coronavirus pandemic. This paper analyses historical data on water quality and compares with quality observed during the lockdown period. The notable level of improvement in water quality was due to the absence of industrial pollutants and reduction in the amount of solid waste that spanned for eight weeks.

Sphingosine prevents binding of SARS-CoV-2 spike to its cellular receptor ACE2

Edwards,  MJ,  Becker, et al

J Biol Chem

Therapeutics| Thérapeutique

we analyzed whether sphingosine regulates the infection of cultured and freshly isolated ex vivohuman epithelial cells with pseudoviral particles expressing SARS-CoV-2 spike (pp-VSV-SARS-CoV-2 spike) that served as a bona fide system mimicking SARS-CoV-2 infection. We demonstrate that exogenously applied sphingosine suspended in 0.9% NaCl prevents cellular infection with pp-SARS-CoV-2 spike. Pre-treatment of cultured Vero epithelial cells or freshly isolated human nasal epithelial cells with low concentrations of sphingosine prevented adhesion of and infection with pp-VSV-SARS-CoV-2 spike. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that sphingosine binds to ACE2, the cellular receptor of SARS-CoV-2, and prevents the interaction of the receptor binding domain of the viral spike protein with ACE2. These data indicate that sphingosine prevents at least some viral infections by interfering with the interaction of the virus with its receptor. Our data also suggest that further preclinical and finally clinical examination of sphingosine is warranted for potential use as a prophylactic or early treatment for coronavirus disease-19.

Hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin as a treatment of COVID-19: Electrocardiogram variability

El Ouarradi,  A,  Abdeladim, et al

Journal of the Saudi Heart Association

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique

The aim of this study is to describe the cardiovascular effect of hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin by analyzing surface ECG in patients with COVID 19. QT prolongation is a real risk with the combination of HCQ and azithromycin. In the current context, it is necessary to select patients at high risk of severe rhythm disturbances that require closer ECG monitoring.

Loss of smell in COVID-19 patients: MRI data reveals a transient edema of the olfactory clefts

Eliezer,  M,  Hamel, et al

Neurology

Clinical data| Données cliniques

To assess the physiopathology of olfactory function loss (OFL) in COVID-19 patients, we evaluated the olfactory clefts on MRI during the early stage of the disease and one month later. At the early stage, SARS-CoV2-infected patients had a mean olfactory score of 2.8 +/- 2.7 (range 0–8), and MRI displayed a complete obstruction of the OC in 19 out of 20 patients. At one month follow-up, the olfactory score had improved to 8.3 +/- 1.9 (range 4–10) in patients, and only 7 out of 20 patients still had an obstruction of the OC.

Descriptive Epidemiology of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Nigeria, 27 February-6 June, 2020

Elimian,  KO,  Ochu, et al

Epidemiol Infect

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques

The objective of this study was to describe the epidemiology of COVID-19 in Nigeria with a view of generating evidence to enhance planning and response strategies. A national surveillance dataset between 27 February and 6 June, 2020 was retrospectively analysed, with confirmatory testing for COVID-19 done by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The primary outcomes were cumulative incidence (CI) and case fatality (CF). A total of 40926 persons (67% of total 60839) had complete records of RT-PCR test across 35 States and the Federal Capital Territory, 12289 (30·0%) of whom were confirmed COVID-19 cases. Of those confirmed cases, 3467 (28.2%) had complete records of clinical outcome (alive or dead), 342 (9.9%) of which died. The overall CI and CF were 5·6 per 100000 population and 2·8%, respectively. The highest proportion of COVID-19 cases and deaths were recorded in persons aged 31-40 years (25·5%) and 61-70 years (26·6%), respectively; and males
accounted for a higher proportion of confirmed cases (65·8%) and deaths (79·0%). Sixty-six per cent of confirmed COVID-19 cases were asymptomatic at diagnosis.

Ketonuria with or without ketoacidosis as the presenting manifestation of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) among uncontrolled type 2 diabetic patients

Emara,  MH,  Mazid, et al

Medical hypotheses

Clinical data| Données cliniques

We hereby present the data of 3 patients presented to our OPD and were admitted as diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and 2–3 days later they developed manifestations suggestive of COVID-19 and proved by swabbing as positive cases.

Computational insight of dexamethasone against potential targets of SARS-CoV-2

Fadaka,  AO,  Sibuyi, et al

J Biomol Struct Dyn

Therapeutics| Thérapeutique

Repurposed anti-viral drugs have played a huge role in combating the virus, and most recently, dexamethasone (Dex) have shown its therapeutic activity in severe cases of COVID-19 patients. The study sought to provide insights on the anti-COVID-19 mechanism of Dex at both atomic and molecular level against SARS-CoV-2 targets. Computational methods were employed to predict the binding affinity of Dex to SARS-CoV-2 using the Schrodinger suite (v2020-2).  The selected targets were SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro), and host secreted molecules glucocorticoid receptor, and Interleukin-6 (IL-6). Dex showed stronger affinity to its theoretical (glucocorticoid) receptor with a superior docking score of −14.7 and a good binding energy value of −147.48 kcal/mol; while short hydrogen bond distances were observed in both Mpro and IL-6 when compared to glucocorticoid receptor. This study demonstrates that Dex could bind to both the viral and host receptors as a potential drug candidate for COVID-19.

Post-Mortem Findings in Italian Patients with COVID-19 - a Descriptive Full Autopsy Study of cases with and without co-morbidities

Falasca,  L,  Nardacci, et al

J Infect Dis

Clinical data| Données cliniques

We performed autopsies on 22 patients with COVID-19 (18 with co-morbidities and 4 without co-morbidities) who died at the National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS Hospital, Rome, Italy. Tissues from the lung, heart, liver, kidney, spleen and bone marrow (but not the brain) were examined. Findings show COVID-19 causes multisystem pathology. Pulmonary and cardiovascular involvement are dominant pathological features. Extra-pulmonary manifestations include hepatic, kidney, splenic and bone marrow involvement, and microvascular injury and thrombosis were also detected. These findings were similar in patients with or without pre-existing medical co-morbidities.

Dynamic analysis of the mathematical model of COVID-19 with demographic effects

Faraz,  N,  Khan, et al

Z Naturforsch C J Biosci

Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique

In this article, we present an extended and modified form of SIR and SEIR model, respectively. We begin by investigating a simple mathematical model that describes the pandemic. Then we apply different safety measures to control the pandemic situation. The mathematical model with and without control is solved by using homotopy perturbation method. Obtained solutions have been presented graphically. Finally, we develop another mathematical model, including quarantine and hospitalization.

Infectious disease phylodynamics with occurrence data

Featherstone,  Leo,  Di Giallonardo, et al

bioRxiv

Coronavirology| Coronavirologie

Using simulations, we demonstrate that birth-death phylodynamic models can employ occurrence data to eliminate bias in estimates of the basic reproductive number due to misspecification of the sampling process. In contrast, the coalescent exponential model is robust to such sampling biases, but in the absence of a sampling model it cannot exploit occurrence data. Subsequent analysis of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in the northwest USA supports these results. We conclude that occurrence data are a valuable source of information in combination with birth-death models. These data should be used to bolster phylodynamic analyses of infectious diseases and other rapidly spreading species in the future.

Community and Close Contact Exposures Associated with COVID-19 Among Symptomatic Adults ≥18 Years in 11 Outpatient Health Care Facilities - United States, July 2020

Fisher,  KA,  Tenforde, et al

MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Transmission Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

Findings from a case-control investigation of symptomatic outpatients from 11 U.S. health care facilities found that close contact with persons with known COVID-19 or going to locations that offer on-site eating and drinking options were associated with COVID-19 positivity. Adults with positive SARS-CoV-2 test results were approximately twice as likely to have reported dining at a restaurant than were those with negative SARS-CoV-2 test results.

32884676; Online dashboard and data analysis approach for assessing COVID-19 case and death data

Florez,  H,  Singh, et al

F1000Research

Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie

In this work, we have designed and developed an online dashboard that presents actual information about COVID-19. Furthermore, based on this information, we have designed a mathematical model in order to make projections about the evolution of cases and deaths worldwide and by country.

COVID-19 order parameters and order parameter time constants of italy and China: A modeling approach based on synergetics

Frank,  TD

Journal of Biological Systems

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie

COVID-19 order parameters and their time constants are derived within a standard SEIR dynamical systems framework and determined explicitly for two published studies on COVID-19 trajectories in Italy and China. The results suggest the existence of certain relationships between order parameters, time constants, and reproduction ratios. However, the examples from Italy and China also suggest that COVID-19 order parameters and time constants in general depend on regional differences and the stage of the local COVID-19 epidemic under consideration.

32890354; The Role of Fatigue of Compassion, Burnout and Hopelessness in Healthcare: Experience in the Time of COVID-19 Outbreak

Franza,  F,  Basta, et al

Psychiatria Danubina

Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

In our study, we have evaluated stress levels in 102 healthcare workers recruited in different rehabilitation departments (psychiatric and multidisciplinary). In particular, we evaluated the fatigue of compassion, vicarious trauma, burnout and hope (hopelessness) in the first two months of lookdown due to the COVID-19. The results obtained after the administration of the following evaluation scales: sCFs, CBI, Pro QOL, HBS, showed an overall increase in the scores in all professional figures. Significant compassion fatigue and burnout percentage is present in several groups. The highest levels of hopelessness in some professional figures, while higher educational levels can protect workers from the risk of developing high levels of work stress.

Follow-up ct results of covid-19 patients with initial negative chest ct

Fu,  B,  Hu, et al

Infection and Drug Resistance

Clinical data| Données cliniques

The aim of this study was to  determine whether new pulmonary lesions will develop in COVID-19 patients with negative initial chest CT findings and to investigate their CT features and outcome during treatment.  In COVID-19 patients with negative initial chest CT findings, new pulmonary lesions may develop during treatment.

Detection of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein by gold nanospikes in an opto-microfluidic chip

Funari,  R,  Chu, et al

Biosensors and Bioelectronics

Coronavirology| Coronavirologie

In this work, based on the principle of localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), we develop an opto-microfluidic sensing platform with gold nanospikes, fabricated by electrodeposition, to detect the presence and amount of antibodies specific to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in 1μL of human plasma diluted in 1mL of buffer solution, within 30min. The target antibody concentration can be correlated with the LSPR wavelength peak shift of gold nanospikes caused by the local refractive index change due to the antigen–antibody binding. This label-free microfluidic platform achieves a limit of detection of 0.08ng/mL (0.5pM), falling under the clinical relevant concentration range. We demonstrate that our opto-microfluidic platform offers a promising point-of-care testing tool to complement standard serological assays and make SARS-CoV-2 quantitative diagnostics easier, cheaper, and faster.

Impact of COVID -19 pandemic lockdown on distribution of inorganic pollutants in selected cities of Nigeria

Fuwape,  IA,  Okpalaonwuka, et al

Air Quality, Atmosphere and Health

Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique

This study investigated the impact of the lockdown on air pollution in three highly populated and industrious cities in Nigeria. Compared with historical mean values, NO2 levels increased marginally by 0.3% and 12% in Lagos and Kaduna respectively. However, the city of Port Harcourt saw a decrease of 1.1% and 215.5% in NO2 and SO2 levels respectively. Elevated levels of O3 were observed during the period of lockdown. Results suggest that there are other sources of air pollution apart from transportation and industrial sources. Findings showed that the COVID-19-induced lockdown was responsible for a decrease in NO2 levels in two of the locations studied.

Brief Report: Retrospective Evaluation on the Efficacy of Lopinavir/Ritonavir and Chloroquine to Treat Nonsevere COVID-19 Patients

Gao,  G,  Wang, et al

J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr

Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique

We conducted a retrospective study to summarize the clinical practices of nonsevere patients with COVID-19 receiving the standard care, LPV/r or chloroquine in Beijing Ditan Hospital from January 20 to March 26, 2020. Of the 129 patients included in the study, 59 received the standard care, 51 received LPV/r, and 19 received chloroquine. The demographics and baseline characteristics were comparable among the 3 groups. The median duration of fever, median time from symptom onset to chest computer tomography improvement, and negative conversion of the nucleic acid were similar among the 3 groups. The median increase in cycle threshold values of N and ORF1ab gene for patients receiving LPV/r or chloroquine or the standard care during the treatment course was 7.0 and 8.5, 8.0, and 7.6, 5.0, and 4.0, respectively. These figures were not found significantly different among the 3 groups.

Understanding COVID-19 dispersion in the filipino sociocultural context

Garcia,  LL,  Castillo, et al

Asia Pacific Journal of Health Management

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie

This study aims to discover the sociocultural factors affecting the disease dispersion pattern of the COVID-19 in the Philippines. This is an ecological study where the unit of observation is the cases of COVID-19 in the country. The cases compared was defined in various ways to create an explanation of the dispersion pattern of COVID-19 in the country. Data was taken from the official reports of the Philippine Department of Health as of March 13, 2020, on the 52 confirmed cases of COVID-19 in the country. Data gathered from the reports were age, sex, existing diseases, acquisition (local or international), proximity to carrier and health status. Results revealed that older male Filipinos are at higher risk of acquiring COVID-19 with prognosis defined by certain culturally-related diseases. The dispersion of the disease in the country is further compounded by the sociocultural context the Filipinos are in.

32745596; Incidence of co-infections and superinfections in hospitalized patients with COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study

Garcia-Vidal,  C,  Sanjuan, et al

Clinical Microbiology and Infection

Clinical data| Données cliniques

An observational cohort study of all consecutive patients admitted for ≥48 hours to the Hospital Clinic of Barcelona for COVID-19 (28 February to 22 April 2020) who were discharged or dead.  Community-acquired co-infection at COVID-19 diagnosis was uncommon (31/989, 3.1%) and mainly caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus. A total of 51 hospital-acquired bacterial superinfections, mostly caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli, were diagnosed in 43 patients (4.7%), with a mean (SD) time from hospital admission to superinfection diagnosis of 10.6 (6.6) days. Overall mortality was 9.8% (97/989).

Cancer care in a Western Indian tertiary center during the pandemic: Surgeon's perspective

Gautam,  P,  Gandhi, et al

J Surg Oncol

Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

An anonymous structured questionnaire was constructed and e-mailed to all surgical oncologists working at our institute .Of the 118 patients having an operation, 18 had complications. When the staff of the main operating theater tested COVID positive, the complex was shut down. However surgical oncology work continued at an affiliated institute about 10 km away from the main hospital.

Lung Mechanics of Mechanically Ventilated Patients With COVID-19: Analytics With High-Granularity Ventilator Waveform Data

Ge,  H,  Pan, et al

Frontiers in Medicine

Clinical data| Données cliniques

Background: Lung mechanics during invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) for both prognostic and therapeutic implications; however, the full trajectory lung mechanics has never been described for novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients requiring IMV. The study aimed to describe the full trajectory of lung mechanics of mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients. The clinical and ventilator setting that can influence patient-ventilator asynchrony (PVA) and compliance were explored. Post-extubation spirometry test was performed to assess the pulmonary function after COVID-19 induced ARDS. Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted in a tertiary care hospital. All patients with IMV due to COVID-19 induced ARDS were included. High-granularity ventilator waveforms were analyzed with deep learning algorithm to obtain PVAs. Asynchrony index (AI) was calculated as the number of asynchronous events divided by the number of ventilator cycles and wasted efforts. Mortality was recorded as the vital status on hospital discharge. Results: A total of 3,923,450 respiratory cycles in 2,778 h were analyzed (average: 24 cycles/min) for seven patients. Higher plateau pressure (Coefficient: −0.90; 95% CI: −1.02 to −0.78) and neuromuscular blockades (Coefficient: −6.54; 95% CI: −9.92 to −3.16) were associated with lower AI. Survivors showed increasing compliance over time, whereas non-survivors showed persistently low compliance. Recruitment maneuver was not able to improve lung compliance. Patients were on supine position in 1,422 h (51%), followed by prone positioning (499 h, 18%), left positioning (453 h, 16%), and right positioning (404 h, 15%). As compared with supine positioning, prone positioning was associated with 2.31 ml/cmH2O (95% CI: 1.75 to 2.86; p < 0.001) increase in lung compliance. Spirometry tests showed that pulmonary functions were reduced to one third of the predicted values after extubation. Conclusions: The study for the first time described full trajectory of lung mechanics of patients with COVID-19. The result showed that prone positioning was associated with improved compliance; higher plateau pressure and use of neuromuscular blockades were associated with lower risk of AI. © Copyright © 2020 Ge, Pan, Zhou, Xu, Zhang, Zhang, Yi, Yang, Zhou, Liu and Zhang.

Impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on air pollution levels in East Asia

Ghahremanloo,  M,  Lops, et al

Science of the Total Environment

Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique

This study leverages satellite remote sensing to investigate the impact of the coronavirus outbreak and the resulting lockdown of public venues on air pollution levels in East Asia. NO2 experienced the highest decrease in East Asia due to lockdowns. NO2 and SO2 decreased more than HCHO and CO in Wuhan. SO2 increased in Seoul and Tokyo due to polluted air transport in 2020.

Data-driven Simulation and Optimization for Covid-19 Exit Strategies

Ghamizi,  S,  Rwemalika, et al

 

Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique

This study built a pandemic simulation and forecasting toolkit that combines a deep learning estimation of the epidemiological parameters of the disease in order to predict the cases and deaths, and a genetic algorithm component searching for optimal trade-offs/policies between constraints and objectives set by decision-makers. Replaying pandemic evolution in various countries, we experimentally show that our approach yields predictions with much lower error rates than pure epidemiological models in 75% of the cases and achieves a 95% R2 score when the learning is transferred and tested on unseen countries. When used for forecasting, this approach provides actionable insights into the impact of individual measures and strategies.

Variety of radiological findings in a family with COVID-19: a case report

Gharekhanloo,  F,  Sedighi, et al

Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine

Clinical data| Données cliniques

Case report of  2 sisters with COVID-19 who had close contact with their 77 year old grandmother.

PMC7480337; Study of COVID-19 pandemic in London (UK) from urban context

Ghosh,  A,  Nundy, et al

Cities

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Transmission

This study presents an investigation of the COVID-19 transmission from the urban context.
Climatic data (temperature and humidity) is not a strong parameter to understand the transmission of COVID-19 pandemic.
Distance from London to other cities was negatively associated with COVID-19 cases.

Autonomic dysfunction heralding acute motor axonal neuropathy in COVID-19

Ghosh,  R,  Roy, et al

J Neurovirol

Clinical data| Données cliniques

We present a case report of a 20-year-old patient who developed acute onset dysautonomia heralding AMAN during SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Gold Metallodrugs to Target Coronavirus Proteins : Inhibitory Effects on the Spike-ACE2 Interaction and on PLpro Protease Activity by Auranofin and Gold Organometallics

Gil-Moles,  M,  Basu, et al

Chemistry

Therapeutics| Thérapeutique

Here we evaluated the lead compound Auranofin and five selected gold organometallics as inhibitors of two relevant drug targets of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronaviruses (SARS-CoV). The gold metallodrugs were effective inhibitors of the interaction of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein with the angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) host receptor and might thus interfere with the viral entry process. The gold metallodrugs were also efficient inhibitors of the papain-like protease (PLpro) of SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2, which is a key enzyme in the viral replication. Regarding PLpro from SARS-CoV-2, the here reported inhibitors are among the very first experimentally confirmed examples with activity against this target enzyme. Importantly, the activity of the complexes against both PLpro enzymes correlated with the ability of the inhibitors to remove zinc ions from the labile zinc center of the enzyme. Taken together, the results of this pilot study suggest further evaluation of gold complexes as SARS-CoV antiviral drugs.

The COVID-19 Pandemic, Authoritarianism, and Rejection of Sexual Dissenters in Poland

Golec de Zavala,  A,  Bierwiaczonek, et al

Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

In Poland, both, gender hierarchy restricting women's sexuality and heteronormativity are rooted in traditional "family values" supported by the teachings of the Polish Catholic Church and attached to Polish national identity. Dissenters to traditional norms regulating gender and sexual relations are rejected as a threat to social order and national unity. Latent growth curve modeling performed on data from a 3-wave longitudinal study indicated linear, interrelated increases in authoritarianism; a desire for national cohesion; and rejection of sexual dissenters in the nationally representative sample of Polish participants (N = 889) as the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic unfolded in Poland. Data were collected before and during the outbreak of the pandemic allowing us to link the changes in social attitudes to this naturally occurring threat. Cross-lagged panel analysis indicated that authoritarianism predicted desire for national cohesion, which resulted in rejection of dissenters. These results are in line with theoretical models of authoritarianism as a response to threat. They are also in line with findings linking death anxiety and the threat of infectious disease to increases in authoritarianism, traditional worldview defense, in-group cohesion and sexual restrictiveness. © 2020 American Psychological Association.

32829732; Risk clusters of COVID-19 transmission in northeastern Brazil: prospective space-time modelling

Gomes,  DS,  Andrade, et al

Epidemiology and infection

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie

This study aimed to analyse the trend and spatial-temporal clusters of risk of transmission of COVID-19 in northeastern Brazil. We conducted an ecological study using spatial and temporal trend analysis. All confirmed cases of COVID-19 in the Northeast region of Brazil were included, from 7 March to 22 May 2020. There were 113 951 confirmed cases of COVID-19. The average incidence rate was 199.73 cases/100 000 inhabitants. We observed an increasing trend in the incidence rate in all states. Spatial autocorrelation was reported in metropolitan areas, and 178 municipalities were considered a priority, especially in the states of Ceará and Maranhão. We identified 11 spatiotemporal clusters of COVID-19 cases; the primary cluster included 70 municipalities from Ceará state. COVID-19 epidemic is increasing rapidly throughout the Northeast region of Brazil, with dispersion towards countryside.

32876623; Successful treatment with Remdesivir and corticosteroids in a patient with COVID-19-associated pneumonia: A case report

Gonzales-Zamora,  J,  Quiroz, et al

Medwave

Clinical data| Données cliniques

We present the case of a 48-year-old man with no past medical history who presented to the hospital with dyspnea, cough, subjective fever, and diarrhea for 10 days. Nasopharyngeal PCR was positive for SARS-CoV-2. His respiratory status rapidly worsened to the point of requiring supplemental oxygen by high flow nasal cannula with FiO2 of 80%. Our case illustrates the role of Remdesivir for the treatment of severe COVID-19 pneumonia. We also observed a possible clinical benefit of corticosteroids in the context of suspected cytokine storm.

Evolution and early government responses to COVID-19 in South America

González-Bustamante,  B

World Development

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique

This article analyses the evolution of COVID-19 and early government responses to the pandemic in eight South American countries. To this aim, this study explores indicators which trace the progression of the pandemic and analyses factors related of state capacity which impacted on the early response of governments of implementing restrictive policies of social distancing associated with a suppression strategy. The results indicate that fiscal expenditure on health, regional and local government capacity, and pressure on the health system accelerate government response with stringent interventions. A counter-intuitive finding is that the economic strength of a country delays these types of reactions. The effect of these interventions is something that should be studied in greater depth, considering, for example, sociocultural factors. Lastly, only cases such as Uruguay and Paraguay show some signs of having the pandemic relatively under control by mid-May, while Brazil and Peru face very adverse scenarios.

Measuring Italian citizens' engagement in the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic containment measures: A cross-sectional study

Graffigna,  G,  Barello, et al

PLoS One

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

The study investigated the role of health engagement in predicting citizens' compliance with health emergency containment measures. An online survey was administered between February 28 and March 4, 2020 on a representative sample of 1000 Italians. The questionnaire included a measure of health engagement (Patient Health Engagement Scale), resulting in positions that describe the psychological readiness to be active in one's own health management, and a series of ad hoc items intended to measure citizens' perceived susceptibility and severity of the disease, orientation towards health management, trust in institutional bodies, health habits and food consumption.Less engaged people show higher levels of perceived susceptibility to the virus and severity of the disease; they are less trustful of scientific and healthcare authorities, they feel less self-effective in managing their own health-both in normal conditions and under stress-and are less prone to cooperate with healthcare professionals. Low levels of health engagement also are associated with a change in the usual purchase behavior.

32873513; Pulmonary artery thrombosis in COVID-19 patients

Graziani,  A,  Domenicali, et al

Pulmonology

Clinical data| Données cliniques

We evaluated 138 patients with COVID 19 admitted to our Institution between March 2020 and May 2020. All patients were COVID 19 positive according to clinical diagnostic criteria reverse-transcription–polymerase chain-reaction (RT-PCR) and Chest Thoracic tomography. On admission, most of them were haemodynamically stable (78%) and febrile (87%). During hospitalization, some developed progressive respiratory failure and received oxygen supplementation (41%). Four of them were started on Continuous Positive Airways Pressure (CPAP) but two died because of worsening Respiratory Failure.

PMC7446990; Descriptive Analysis of Patients Living With HIV Affected by COVID-19

Gudipati,  S,  Brar, et al

J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques

This is a case series that included 14 patients living with HIV (PLWH) with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 infection who were evaluated at Henry Ford Hospital in Detroit, Michigan, between March 20, 2020, and April 30, 2020. Fourteen PLWH were diagnosed with COVID-19. Twelve patients were men and 2 were women; 13 patients were virally suppressed. Eight patients were hospitalized, and 6 patients were told to self-quarantine at home after their diagnoses. Three patients who were admitted expired during their hospital stay. No patient required bilevel positive airway pressure or nebulizer use in the emergency department, and none developed acute respiratory distress syndrome, pulmonary embolism, deep venous thrombosis, or a cytokine storm while on therapy for COVID-19.

The Covid-19 outbreak in Spain. A simple dynamics model, some lessons, and a theoretical framework for control response

Guirao,  A

Infectious Disease Modelling

Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique

Authors model the dynamics of the epidemic in Spain over the whole span, and study the effectiveness of control measures. Simple calculations allow anticipating the size of the epidemic based on when measures are taken and their effectiveness. The basic reproductive number in Spain was 2.5 ± 0.1 (95% CI 2.3–2.7), and the doubling time was 2.8 ± 0.1 days (95% CI 2.6–3.0). Slight variations in measures effectiveness produce a large divergence in the epidemic size. The effectiveness in Spain was 68%, above control threshold (60%). During lockdown the reproductive number dropped to an average of 0.81 ± 0.02 (95% CI 0.77–0.85). Estimated epidemic size is about 300,000 cases. A 7-days advance of measures yields a reduction to 38%.

Association of Socioeconomic Changes due to the COVID-19 Pandemic With Health Outcomes in Patients With Skin Diseases: Cross-Sectional Survey Study

Guo,  Y,  Shen, et al

J Med Internet Res

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

The aim of this paper was to study the association of COVID-19 pandemic–related impacts with health-related quality of life in patients with skin diseases. Among the 506 respondents, 128 (25.3%) were quarantined, 102 (20.2%) reported unemployment, and 317 (62.6%) reported decrease or loss of income since the pandemic. The pandemic-related impacts were significantly associated with impaired mental well-being and quality of life with different effects. Unemployment and complete loss of income were associated with the highest risks of adverse outcomes, with increases of 110% to 162% in the prevalence of anxiety, depression, and impaired quality of life.

Critical illness-associated cerebral microbleeds in severe COVID-19 infection

Gupta,  NA,  Lien, et al

Clinical imaging

Clinical data| Données cliniques

Neurologic complications of COVID-19 infection have been recently described and include dizziness, headache, loss of taste and smell, stroke, and encephalopathy. Brain MRI in these patients have revealed various findings including ischemia, hemorrhage, inflammation, and demyelination. In this article, we report a case of critical illness-associated cerebral microbleeds identified on MRI in a patient with severe COVID-19 infection and discuss the potential etiologies of these neuroimaging findings. © 2020 Elsevier Inc.

PMC7286259; In silico screening of FDA approved drugs reveals ergotamine and dihydroergotamine as potential coronavirus main protease enzyme inhibitors

Gurung,  AB,  Ali, et al

Saudi J Biol Sci

Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique

In the present study, we have explored the possibilities of FDA approved drugs as potential inhibitors of the coronavirus main protease. We have used a molecular docking approach and have successfully identified the best lead molecules for each enzyme target. Interestingly, the anti-migraine drugs such as ergotamine and its derivative, dihydroergotamine were found to bind to all the three target enzymes with low binding energies.

A case of complete heart block in a COVID-19 infected patient

Haddadin,  FI,  Mahdawi, et al

Journal of Cardiology Cases

Clinical data| Données cliniques

We herein report the case of an elderly female with multiple comorbidities coming with typical symptoms of the viral infection in addition to the unusual presentation of bradycardia due to complete heart block requiring pacemaker placement.

Predicting Social Distancing Intention and Behavior During the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Integrated Social Cognition Model

Hagger,  MS,  Smith, et al

Ann Behav Med

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

The study applied an integrated social cognition model to identify the determinants of social distancing behavior, and the processes involved, in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Structural equation models indicated that subjective norm, moral norm, and perceived behavioral control (PBC) were consistent predictors of intention in both samples. Intention, action planning, and habit at follow-up were consistent predictors of social distancing behavior in both samples. Action planning did not have consistent effects mediating or moderating the intention-behavior relationship. Inclusion of past behavior in the model attenuated effects among constructs, although the effects of the determinants of intention and behavior remained.

Understanding the Urban Pandemic Spreading of COVID-19 with Real World Mobility Data

Hao,  Q,  Chen, et al

 

Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie

The authors build a data-driven epidemic simulator with COVID-19 specific features, which incorporates real-world mobility data capturing the heterogeneity in urban environments. Based on the simulator, conducted two series of experiments to: (1) estimate the efficacy of different mobility control policies on intervening the epidemic; and (2) study how the heterogeneity of urban mobility affect the spreading process. Extensive results not only highlight the effectiveness of fine-grained targeted mobility control policies, but also uncover different levels of impact of population density and mobility strength on the spreading process.

Comparison of the flow rate and speed of vehicles on a representative road section before and after the implementation of measures in connection with COVID-19

Harantová,  V,  Hájnik, et al

Sustainability (Switzerland)

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

This article aims at finding out what effect the measures taken (closure of public spaces, reduced access to leisure activities, etc.) because of COVID-19 have  had on the quality of traffic flow in the Slovak Republic. The results show that after the introduction of measures against the spread of coronavirus, the intensity and speed of vehicles in the measured section decreased.

Awareness and perception of precautionary measures against covid 19 exposure among dental practitioners-a questionnaire based study

Harini,  P,  Abilasha, et al

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences

Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI) Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

The aim of the study is to create awareness about precautionary measures against COVID-19 exposure among dental practitioners in Tamilnadu. The overall awareness of dental practitioners against Covid-19 was above average. The dental practitioners were relatively well aware of the precautions to be adopted while treating the patients, but the implementation in practice is lacking due absence of hands-on experience in using various kinds of PPE. There is a gap between knowledge and attitude and practice among the participants of this survey.

Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on NO2, O3, PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations and assessing air quality changes in Baghdad, Iraq

Hashim,  BM,  Al-Naseri, et al

Science of the Total Environment

Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique

In this study, concentrations of four criteria pollutants, NO2, O3, PM2.5 and PM10 before the lockdown from January 16 to February 29, 2020, and during four periods of partial and total lockdown from March 1 to July 24, 2020, in Baghdad were analysed. NO2 concentrations decreased, O3 concentrations increased, and air quality index improved.

Dexamethasone in severe COVID-19 infection: A case series

Hassan,  ME,  Hasan, et al

Respiratory Medicine Case Reports

Clinical data| Données cliniques

Evidence supporting the use of dexamethasone in severe COVID-19 patients is emerging. In this case series, we share our experience in using dexamethasone in five COVID-19 infected patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Resilience moderates negative outcome from stress during the COVID-19 pandemic: A moderatedmediation approach

Havnen,  A,  Anyan, et al

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

The current study investigated if resilience moderated the effect of stress on symptoms of depression and if anxiety symptoms mediated this association. An adult sample of community controls completed the Perceived stress scale 14 (PSS-14), the Resilience scale for adults (RSA), the Patient health questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9) and the Generalized anxiety disorder 7 (GAD-7). The results showed that resilience moderated the relations between stress and anxiety symptoms (β = −0.131, p < 0.001) as well as between stress and depressive symptoms (β = −0.068, p < 0.05). In support of a moderated mediation model, resilience moderated the indirect effect of stress on depressive symptom, as confirmed by the index of moderated mediation (IMM = −0.036, p < 0.001; 95% BCa: −0.055, −0.020]). The high resilience subgroup was less affected than the low resilience subgroup by the effect of stress exposure symptoms of depression, mediated by anxiety. The study shows that stress exposure is associated with symptoms of depression, and anxiety mediates this association.

Highly conserved binding region of ACE2 as a receptor for SARS-CoV-2 between humans and mammals

Hayashi,  T,  Abiko, et al

Vet Q

Coronavirology| Coronavirologie

A comparative analysis among angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) homologous proteins for verifying the conservation of specific protein regions was conducted. One of the most conserved peptides is represented by the peptide "353-KGDFR-357 (H. sapiens ACE2 residue numbering), which is located on the surface of the ACE2 molecule and participates in the binding of SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor binding domain (RBD). ACE2 works as a receptor for the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein between humans, dogs, cats, tigers, minks, and other animals, except for snakes. The three-dimensional structure of the KGDFR hosting protein region involved in direct interactions with SARS-CoV-2 spike RBD of the mink ACE2 appears to form a loop structurally related to the human ACE2 corresponding protein loop, despite of the reduced available protein length (401 residues of the mink ACE2 available sequence vs 805 residues of the human ACE2). The multiple sequence alignments of the ACE2 proteins shows high homology and complete conservation of the five amino acid residues: 353-KGDFR-357 with humans, dogs, cats, tigers, minks, and other animals, except for snakes.

Co-infection with SARS-CoV-2 and parainfluenza virus in a hemodialysis patient: A case report

He,  H,  Liao, et al

Clin Nephrol

Clinical data| Données cliniques

Co-infection: We report a 66-year-old man with confirmed COVID-19 and parainfluenza virus infection in Wuhan. We describe the clinical characteristics, radiological findings, and treatment of the hemodialysis patient, including the patient's initial pneumonia at presentation with progression to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).  Our case underscores the possibility of SARS-CoV-2 co-infection with other pathogens in hemodialysis patients and the importance of early identification of COVID-19.

Self-assembling nanoparticles presenting receptor binding domain and stabilized spike as next-generation COVID-19 vaccines

He,  Linling,  Lin, et al

bioRxiv

Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Vaccine Research| Recherche sur les vaccins

We present a comprehensive vaccine strategy for SARS-CoV-2 by combining antigen optimization and nanoparticle display. We first developed a receptor binding domain (RBD)-specific antibody column for purification and displayed the RBD on self-assembling protein nanoparticles (SApNPs) using the SpyTag/SpyCatcher system. We then identified the heptad repeat 2 (HR2) stalk as a major cause of spike metastability, designed an HR2-deleted glycine-capped spike (S2GΔHR2), and displayed S2GΔHR2 on three SApNPs with high yield, purity, and antigenicity. Compared to the RBD, the RBD-ferritin SApNP elicited a more potent murine neutralizing antibody (NAb) response on par with the spike. S2GΔHR2 elicited two-fold-higher NAb titers than the proline-capped spike (S2P), while S2GΔHR2 SApNPs derived from multilayered E2p and I3-01v9 60-mers elicited up to 10-fold higher NAb titers. The S2GΔHR2-presenting I3-01v9 SApNP also induced critically needed T-cell immunity, thereby providing a next-generation vaccine candidate to battle the COVID-19 pandemic

Clinical Characteristics of COVID-19 Patients With Pre-existing Hepatitis B Virus Infection: A Multicenter Report

He,  Q,  Zhang, et al

Am J Gastroenterol

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques

This correspondence presents the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients with pre-existing HBV infection.

Short-Term Forecasting COVID-19 Cases In Turkey Using Long Short-Term Memory Network

Helli,  Selahattin Serdar,  Demirci, et al

arXiv

Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie

The aim of this study is to evaluate the value of Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) Networks in forecasting the total number of COVID-19 cases in Turkey. The COVID-19 data for 30 days, between March 24 and April 23, 2020, are used to estimate the next fifteen days. The mean absolute error of the LSTM Network for 15 days estimation is 1,69±1.35%. Whereas, for the same data, the error of the Box-Jenkins method is 3.24±1.56%, Prophet method is 6.88±4.96% and Holt-Winters Additive method with Damped Trend is 0.47±0.28%. Additionally, when the number of deaths data is also provided with the number of total cases to the input of LSTM Network, the mean error reduces to 0.99±0.51%. Consequently, addition of the number of deaths data to the input, results a lower error in forecasting, compared to using only the number of total cases as the input. However, Holt-Winters Additive method with Damped Trend gives superior results to LSTM Networks in forecasting the total number of COVID-19 cases.

The bug stops with me: Prevention of COVID-19 nosocomial transmission during radiographic procedures

Heng,  AL,  Ooi, et al

Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences

Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI) Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

This article aims to describe the prevention of COVID-19 nosocomial transmission during radiographic procedures by the utilization of stringent infection prevention measures at a leading tertiary hospital in Singapore. The implemented measures are the appropriate use of personal protective equipment, staff education, infection controls measures such as equipment disinfection, physical distancing and segregation of staff and patients. Despite the handling of 1637 COVID-19 cases as of July 25, 2020, there has not been a single case of known nosocomial transmission of the disease in the institution.

Haemorrhagic bronchial casts causing complete ventilatory failure in a COVID-19 patient on ECMO

Herath,  S,  Kruit, et al

Respirology Case Reports

Clinical data| Données cliniques

We present a case of an otherwise well 55-year-old female patient who had seemingly mild symptoms when she presented to the emergency department, and then rapidly deteriorated with progressive ventilatory deficit requiring intubation, ventilation, and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). We present the surprise finding of haemorrhagic endobronchial casts in the airways causing a complete ventilatory failure, managed by cryobiopsy and argon plasma coagulation (APC) leading to improved ventilation.

A synthetic indicator on the impact of COVID-19 on the community's health

Herrero,  C,  Villar, et al

PLoS One

Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

We present an indicator that helps to assess the impact of Covid-19 on the community's health, combining two different components: the extent of the pandemics (i.e. the share of the population affected) and its severity (the intensity of the disease on those affected). The severity measure derives from the application of an evaluation protocol that allows comparing population distributions based on the proportions of those affected with different health conditions. We illustrate the functioning of this indicator over a case study regarding the situation of the Italian regions on March 9 (the beginning of the confinement) and April 8, 2020, one month later.

The Dutch COVID-19 approach: Regional differences in a small country

Hoekman,  LM,  Smits, et al

Health Policy and Technology

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique

This paper describes the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Netherlands, including policies to reduce the health-related and economic consequences.
The Dutch have shown a way to effectively slow down transmission while allowing more personal and economic freedom than most other countries.

The clinical sensitivity of a single SARS-CoV-2 upper respiratory tract RT-PCR test for diagnosing COVID-19 using convalescent antibody as a comparator

Holborow,  A,  Asad, et al

Clin Med (Lond)

Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes

The clinical false negative rate of reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing for SARS-CoV-2 on a single upper respiratory tract sample was calculated using convalescent antibody testing as a comparator. The sensitivity in symptomatic individuals was 86.2% (25/29). Of the missed cases, one (3.5%) was detected by repeat RT-PCR, one by CT thorax and two (7.1%) by convalescent antibody. The clinical false negative rate of a single RT-PCR on an upper respiratory tract sample of 14% in symptomatic patients is reassuring when compared to early reports. This report supports a strategy of combining repeat swabbing, use of acute and convalescent antibody testing and CT thorax for COVID-19 diagnosis.

COVID-19 Detection through Transfer Learning Using Multimodal Imaging Data

Horry,  MJ,  Chakraborty, et al

IEEE Access

Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes

Authors demonstrate how transfer learning from deep learning models can be used to perform COVID-19 detection using images from three most commonly used medical imaging modes X-Ray, Ultrasound, and CT scan. Results indicate that Ultrasound images provide superior detection accuracy compared to X-Ray and CT scans.

Social and electronic media exposure and generalized anxiety disorder among people during COVID-19 outbreak in Bangladesh: A preliminary observation

Hossain,  MT,  Ahammed, et al

PLoS One

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

Classified as a pandemic by the World Health Organization, the novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) has spread to Bangladesh since early March of 2020, and people are getting daily updates from the social and electronic media. We aimed at assessing the prevalence of anxiety among Bangladeshi people during the pandemic in connection with social media exposure (SME) and electronic media exposure (EME). For this cross-sectional study, data were collected from 880 participants by a self-administered online-based questionnaire relating personal characteristics, self-rate health (SRH), SME, and EME with anxiety. Findings show that around half of the surveyed population experienced a spike of anxiety (49.1%) during the pandemic, ten times higher than the national anxiety rate in 2019. The participants with an increased SME of over four hours per day experienced a higher level of anxiety than individuals with < = 2 hours exposure to social media. Similarly, the anxiety was higher among people with fair/bad SRH compared to individuals with excellent SRH. It is highly recommended to develop active surveillance and effective monitoring systems to reduce the spread of misinformation from both social and electronic media to improve the state of mental health conditions during the pandemic.

A rapid diagnosis tool based on LASER for fighting COVID-19

Hossam,  A,  Fawzy, et al

International Journal of Microwave and Optical Technology

Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes

This paper explains in detail how different technological fields can help to fight against the COVID-19 pandemic disease by means of innovative applications. These technological fields are such as Internet of Things (IoT), Nanotechnology, etc. On the other hand, this paper proposes a new accurate and rapid diagnostic tool that can give more accurate and faster COVID-19 test results than the traditional used RT-PCR test and other new tool called Diffractive Phase Interferometry (DPI). Our approach uses a Raman spectroscopy technique to identify the coronavirus. The sample is taken by blowing the person through a sample chamber that made from carbon nanotubes (CNT). Then, the viruses can be optically characterized by focusing laser light on the collected sample. As known, every virus has its own fingerprint that can distinguish the coronavirus from any other type of viruses such as influenza. This paper introduces a performance comparison between our proposed COVID-19 diagnostic method with the traditional RT-PCR method and the DPI tool. The results showed the great ability of the proposed diagnostic tool to identify the virus easily, quickly, and accurately compared with the existing diagnosis tools. © 2020 IAMOT.

PMC7455155; Understanding the impact of COVID-19 intervention policies on the hospitality labor market

Huang,  A,  Makridis, et al

Int J Hosp Manag

Economics | Économie

Using new high-frequency data that covers a representative sample of small businesses in the United States, this study investigates the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and the resulting state policies on the hospitality industry. First, business closure policies are associated with a 20-30% reduction of non-salaried workers in the food/drink and leisure/entertainment sectors during March-April of 2020. Second, business reopening policies play a statistically significant role in slowly reviving the labor market. Third, considerable differences exist in the impact of policies on the labor market by state. Fourth, the rise of new COVID-19 cases on a daily basis is associated with the continued deterioration of the labor market. Lastly, managerial, practical, and economic implications are described.

Understanding the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Transportation-related Behaviors with Human Mobility Data

Huang,  J,  Wang, et al

 

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

To better understand the impact of COVID-19 on transportation-related behaviors and to provide more targeted anti-epidemic measures, this study used the human mobility data collected from Baidu Maps, a widely-used Web mapping service in China, to look into the detail reaction of the people there during the pandemic. Conducted data-driven analysis on transportation-related behaviors during the pandemic from the perspectives of 1) means of transportation, 2) type of visited venues, 3) check-in time of venues, 4) preference on "origin-destination'' distance, and 5) "origin-transportation-destination'' patterns.

32473036; Control measures to prevent Coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic in endoscopy centers: Multi-center study

Huang,  Q,  Liu, et al

Digestive Endoscopy

Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

Aims: To investigate control measures for COVID-19 pandemic in GIE centers in China. Methods: This is a retrospective multi-center research, including seven centers. Data collection was from 1 February to 31 March 2020 and the same period in 2019. Results: There were a total of 28 COVID-19 definite cases in these hospitals. Six out of seven GIE centers were arranged to shut down on 1 February, with a mean number of shutdown days of 23.6 ± 5.3. The actual workloads were only 10.3%–62.9% compared to those last year.  All centers had a preoperative COVID-19 screening process. Epidemiological questionnaire, temperature taking and QR-code of journey were conducted. Chest CT scan was conducted during the shutdown period and continued in five centers after return to work. Antibody and nucleic acid test were applied in one to three centers. All endoscopists had advanced PPE. Five centers used surgical mask and the rest used N95 mask.  Sterilizing measures were improved in six centers. Five centers utilized ultraviolet and six centers strengthened natural ventilation. Four and six centers used peracetic acid during the period of shutdown and return to work, alone or matched with OPA or acidified water.

Dramatic Clinical Improvement in Nine Consecutive Acutely Ill Elderly COVID-19 Patients Treated with a Nicotinamide Mononucleotide Cocktail: A Case Series

Huizenga,  Robert

SSRN- Lancet prepublication

Clinical data| Données cliniques

Ten consecutive acutely-ill COVID-19 patients older than 50 years were treated with over-the-counter nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), betaine, sodium chloride and zinc sulfate (NMN cocktail). Eight patients had positive nasopharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 NAA test results, one patient was clinically diagnosed with COVID-19.  The NMN cocktail resulted in rapid and dramatic clinical and laboratory improvement in older persons with complicated SARS-CoV-2 infections.

In an era of uncertainty: Impact of COVID-19 on dental education

Hung,  M,  Licari, et al

J Dent Educ

Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

This study evaluated the impact of COVID‐19 on dental education and dental students’ experience. Our findings indicate that students are experiencing increased levels of stress and feel their clinical education has suffered. Most students appear comfortable with technology adaptations for didactic curriculum and favor masks, social distancing, and liberal use of sanitizers.

PMC7426008; What is the Preferred Screening Tool for COVID-19 in Asymptomatic Patients Undergoing a Surgical or Diagnostic Procedure?

Huybens,  EM,  Bus, et al

World J Surg

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

To assure the proper protection without overuse of limited supply of these equipments, screening of patients before surgical or diagnostic procedure was implemented. This study evaluates the results of this screening. Three hundred ninety-eight screenings were performed on 386 patients. The symptom questionnaire was completed in 72% of screenings. In 371 screenings, PCR testing was performed and negative. HRCT chest found 18 cases where COVID-19 could not be excluded, with negative PCR testing. Three patients had their surgery postponed due to inconclusive screening, and additional measures were taken in three other patients. There were incidental findings in 14% of HRCT chest scans.

32809918; Oxytocin's anti-inflammatory and proimmune functions in COVID-19: a transcriptomic signature-based approach

Imami,  AS,  O'Donovan, et al

Physiological genomics

Coronavirology| Coronavirologie

We are proposing intravenous oxytocin (OXT) as a candidate for adjunctive therapy for COVID-19. OXT has anti-inflammatory and proimmune adaptive functions. Using the Library of Integrated Network-Based Cellular Signatures (LINCS), we used the transcriptomic signature for carbetocin, an OXT agonist, and compared it to gene knockdown signatures of inflammatory (such as interleukin IL-1β and IL-6) and proimmune markers (including T cell and macrophage cell markers like CD40 and ARG1). We found that carbetocin's transcriptomic signature has a pattern of concordance with inflammation and immune marker knockdown signatures that are consistent with reduction of inflammation and promotion and sustaining of immune response. This suggests that carbetocin may have potent effects in modulating inflammation, attenuating T cell inhibition, and enhancing T cell activation. Our results also suggest that carbetocin is more effective at inducing immune cell responses than either lopinavir or hydroxychloroquine, both of which have been explored for the treatment of COVID-19.

Clinical characteristics, risk factors, and incidence of symptomatic coronavirus disease 2019 in a large cohort of adults living with HIV: a single-center, prospective observational study

Inciarte,  A,  Gonzalez-Cordon, et al

Aids

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques

This study assessed the clinical characteristics, risk factors for COVID-19 diagnosis and severity, and standardized incidence rate ratio for COVID-19 cases in people living with HIV (PLWH)  cohort and in Barcelona.  From 1 March 2020 to 10 May 2020, 53 out of 5683 (0.9% confidence interval 0.7-1.2%) PLWH were diagnosed with COVID-19. Median age was 44 years, CD4 T cells were 618/μl and CD4/CD8 was 0.90. All but two individuals were virologically suppressed. Cough (87%) and fever (82%) were the most common symptoms. Twenty-six (49%) were admitted, six (14%) had severe disease, four (8%) required ICU admission, and two (4%) died. Several laboratory markers (lower O2 saturation and platelets, and higher leukocytes, creatinine, lactate dehydrogenase, C reactive protein, procalcitonin, and ferritin) were associated with COVID-19 severity. No HIV or antiretroviral-related factors were associated with COVID-19 diagnosis or severity. Standardized incidence rate ratios of confirmed or confirmed/probable COVID-19 in PLWH were 38% (95% confidence interval 27-52%, P < 0.0001) and 33% (95% confidence interval 21-50%, P < 0.0001), respectively relative to the general population. PLWH with COVID-19 did not differ from the rest of the HIV cohort.

Minimising aerosol spread during endoscopic sinus and skull base surgery. Experimental model evaluation of the efficacy of the microscope drape method

Ioannidis,  D,  Tsagkovits, et al

J Laryngol Otol

Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI)

the use of a microscope drape method is proposed, to minimise aerosol spread in the wider operating theatre environment. The efficacy of the method is assessed with a simulation model, using a CMI Concept Air Trace MK2 smoke generator for aerosol generation and a Fluke 985 air particle counter to measure air particles sized 0.3–10 μm in the operating theatre environment. Aerosol spread was contained almost to baseline levels with the application of the drape barrier and the negative pressure created using suction within the drape.

Impacts of nationwide lockdown due to COVID-19 outbreak on air quality in Bangladesh: a spatiotemporal analysis

Islam,  MS,  Tusher, et al

Air Quality, Atmosphere and Health

Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique

The study assesses the impact of nationwide lockdown measures on air quality in Bangladesh. Analyzed satellite data for four different air pollutants (NO2, SO2, CO, and O3) to assess the changes in the atmospheric concentrations of pollutants in major cities as well as across the country. The concentrations of NO2, SO2, CO, and O3 from 1 February to 30 May of the year 2019 and 2020 were analyzed. The average SO2 and NO2 concentrations were decreased by 43 and 40%, respectively, while tropospheric O3 were found to be increased with a maximum of > 7%. Among the major cities, Dhaka, Gazipur, Chattogram, and Narayanganj were found to be more influenced by the restricted emissions. In Dhaka, NO2 and SO2 concentrations were decreased approximately by 69 and 67%, respectively. Analysis revealed that NO2 concentrations are highly correlated with the regional COVID-19 cases (r = 0.74). The study concludes that the lockdown measures significantly reduced air pollution because of reduced vehicular and industrial emissions in Bangladesh.

COVID-19 patient health prediction using boosted random forest algorithm

Iwendi,  C,  Bashir, et al

Frontiers in Public Health

Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie

This paper proposes a fine-tuned Random Forest model boosted by the AdaBoost algorithm.
The data analysis reveals a positive correlation between patients’ gender and deaths, and also indicates that the majority of patients are aged between 20 and 70 years.

SARS CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein forms condensates with viral genomic RNA

Jack,  Amanda,  Ferro, et al

bioRxiv

Coronavirology| Coronavirologie

Here, we show that the N protein forms biomolecular condensates with viral RNA both in vitro and in mammalian cells. While the N protein forms spherical assemblies with unstructured RNA, it forms mesh like-structures with viral RNA strands that contain secondary structure elements. Cross-linking mass spectrometry identified an intrinsically-disordered region that forms interactions between N proteins in condensates, and truncation of this region disrupts phase separation. By screening 1,200 FDA approved drugs in vitro, we identified a kinase inhibitor nilotinib, which affects the morphology of N condensates in vitro and disrupts phase separation of the N protein in vivo. These results indicate that the N protein compartmentalizes viral RNA in infected cells through liquid-liquid phase separation, and this process can be disrupted by a possible drug candidate.

Favorable outcomes after COVID-19 infection in multiple sclerosis patients treated with cladribine tablets

Jack,  D,  Nolting, et al

Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders

Clinical data| Données cliniques

Here we report on the cases of COVID-19 occurring in MS patients treated with cladribine tablets (Mavenclad®) within the Merck KGaA Global Patient Safety Database.

32883935; Genomic evolution of severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 in India and vaccine impact

Jacob,  JJ,  Vasudevan, et al

Indian journal of medical microbiology

Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Vaccine Research| Recherche sur les vaccins

Recent emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and subsequent containment procedures have impacted the world as never seen before. Therefore, there is considerable curiosity about the genome evolution related to the origin, transmission and vaccine impact of this virus. We have analysed genome sequences of SARS-CoV-2 isolated from Indian patients to gain an in-depth understanding of genomic evolution and transmission in India. Phylogenetic analysis and mutation profiling revealed major lineages being evolved by characteristic mutations. As the mutation frequency in spike protein is comparatively lesser, the candidate vaccines expected to have wide coverage worldwide including India.

The Impact of COVID-19 on the Conduct of Clinical Trials for Medical Products in Korea

Jeon,  J,  Kim, et al

J Korean Med Sci

Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

This study evaluated the impact of COVID-19 and the KCDC guideline on the conduct of clinical research in Korea. The purpose was to develop recommendations on how to minimize the risk of infection while enabling subjects to take part in the trials if no better alternative treatment options were available. Of 85 CPMs, 12% reported that trial subjects' scheduled visits had been affected in their project. Monitors' access to hospital for source data verification was restricted at all sites in February 2020. Accordingly, 43% of 105 CPMs reported that the COVID-19 epidemic had an effect on study major milestones and data cleaning and database lock accounted for > 60% of milestones affected. In addition, 87% sites advised not to have site initiation meetings and 52% pharmaceutical companies suspended recruitment or new study startup due to the pandemic. On the other hands, the number of COVID-19 related clinical trials increased rapidly in Korea and worldwide, with investigator-initiated trials accounting for 47% and 63% of all trials locally and globally, respectively. Most trials were phase 2 and were in the recruitment stage.

Prognostic implications of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio in COVID-19

Jimeno Ruiz,  S,  Ventura, et al

Eur J Clin Invest

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques

DESIGN: A retrospective observational study performed at Hospital Universitario HM Puerta del Sur, Madrid, Spain, which included 119 patients with COVID-19 from March 1 to March 31, 2020. Patients were categorized according to WHO R&D Expert Group.  RESULTS: Forty five (12.1%) patients experienced severe acute respiratory failure requiring respiratory support. Forty seven (12.6%) patients died. Those with worse outcomes were older (p=0.002) and presented significantly higher NLR at admission (p=0.001), greater increase in Peak NLR (p<0.001) and higher increasing speed of NLR (p=0.003) compared to follow up patients. In a multivariable logistic regression, age, cardiovascular disease, C-Reactive-Protein at admission and Peak NLR were significantly associated with death.

PMC7316035; Optimism-pessimism, conspiracy theories and general trust as factors contributing to COVID-19 related behavior - A cross-cultural study

Jovančević,  A,  Milićević, et al

Pers Individ Dif

Public Health Priorities| Priorités de santé publique Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

The main aim of this research was to examine the role of optimism-pessimism, general trust and belief in conspiracy theories, in COVID-19 related fears, preventive and hoarding behaviors. The results suggest that fear of food shortage was the most pronounces one in both samples, followed by fear for oneself and finally by the fear for beloved others. Results suggest that optimists, those with high level of general trust and those who do not believe in conspiracy theories show lower level of fear and higher level of preventive behaviors. Pessimists on the other hand, show higher level of fear. Fear was related to all information sources suggesting that more information leads to higher intensity of fear - except information from the president which did not show any effect.

Phylogenomic reveals multiple introductions and early spread of SARS-CoV-2 into Peru

Juscamayta Lopez,  Eduardo,  Tarazona, et al

bioRxiv

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Coronavirology| Coronavirologie

To investigate early transmission event and genomic diversity of SARS-CoV-2 isolates circulating in Peru, we analyzed a total of 3472 SARS-CoV-2 genomes, from which 149 ones were from Peru to investigate how this novel virus became established in the country and to dissect the spread of the one in this area. Phylogenomic analysis revealed multiple, independent introductions of the virus mainly from Europe and Asia. In addition, we found evidence for community-driven transmission of SARS-CoV-2 as suggested by clusters of related viruses found in patients living in different Peru regions.

Utility of lung ultrasound assessment for probable SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy and universal screening of asymptomatic individuals

Kalafat,  E,  Yassa, et al

Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques

This was a retrospective cohort study conducted in two large pandemic hospitals in Turkey (Ankara University Hospital,  Ankara & Sancaktepe  Training Hospital,  Istanbul). Asymptomatic pregnant women admitted for delivery and symptomatic pregnant women evaluated for probable SARS-CoV-2 infection between  May-June 2020  were included. There were 601 women included in the study, and 82 (13.6%) RT-PCR proven SARS-CoV-2 infections.  The addition of lung ultrasound scoring to the baseline model consisting symptom, exposure queries,  and body-mass index significantly improved the prediction of RT-PCR positivity (log-likelihood: -18.1, df:3, P <.001). The additive value of lung ultrasound was  weaker  for asymptomatic cases  (log-likelihood:  -4.523,  P  =.028)  compared to symptomatic cases (log-likelihood: -14.8, P <.001).

Effect of Covid-19 pandemic on mental health among Albanian people residing in the country and abroad – Implications for mental care

Kamberi,  F,  Jaho, et al

Archives of Psychiatric Nursing

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to assess the mental health of Albanian people residing in the country and abroad during the quarantine period for the Covid-19 pandemic. This study was carried out from 25th March – 20th April 2020 through a web survey shared on social networks. 715 participants were included in the final analyses (78.41% females and 21.53% males). Most were residents in Albania (80.41%) and the others resided mainly in Italy (6.89%), Greece (3.51%), Germany (2.43%), Kosovo (1.62%) and the UK (1.69%). The total score of depression classification shows that 31.82% and 12.90% of participants have respectively mild and moderate depression. Female participants showed the highest score for some items of PHQ-9, p≤0.05.

Suspected Hydroxychloroquine-Induced Sinus Bradycardia and QTc Prolongation in a Patient with COVID-19

Kang,  Y,  Wang, et al

Int Heart J

Clinical data| Données cliniques

An 84-year-old woman with hypertension, Alzheimer's disease, and chronic kidney disease presented with fever and was diagnosed with corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19). During the hospitalization, she experienced unexpected sinus bradycardia with prolonged QTc, which was thought to be closely related to the short-term use of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), an old drug used to treat malaria and autoimmune diseases, but now used against COVID-19. The cardiac side effects of HCQ were rare, seen with short-term and low-dose use. With the COVID-19 pandemic, this case alerts clinicians to be aware of the arrhythmogenic effects of HCQ when it is used as an antiviral drug, especially in patients with preexisting cardiovascular diseases.

Obesity is a potential risk factor contributing to clinical manifestations of COVID-19

Kang,  Z,  Luo, et al

Int J Obes (Lond)

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques

Authors aimed to figure out whether obesity is a risk factor influencing the progression and prognosis of COVID-19.  Our data showed that COVID-19 patients with obesity had more underlying diseases and higher mortality rate compared to those without obesity. Furthermore, patients with obesity also demonstrated more severe pathological change in lung and higher blood lymphocytes, triglycerides, IL-6, CRP, cystatin C, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), which may greatly influence disease progression and poor prognosis of COVID-19.

The ABCs of Covid-19 prevention in Malawi: Authority, benefits, and costs of compliance

Kao,  K,  Lust, et al

World Development

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

Which authorities can most effectively gain public compliance, and which measures will the public take up? Moreover, do people comply with authorities out of respect for their legitimacy, due to their expertise, or for fear of sanctioning? We explore these questions using a conjoint experiment embedded in a telephone survey of 641 Malawians. Individuals in our sample are more likely to say that they will comply with precautionary measures when the costs are low and expected benefits are high. Respondents view both traditional authorities and hospital heads as legitimately issuing directives and having the ability to monitor and sanction non-compliance, but appear to comply more with hospital heads and to do so out of respect for their expertise.

Injuries in the time of COVID-19

Keays,  G,  Friedman, et al

Health Promot Chronic Dis Prev Can

Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

Authors set out to investigate if emergency department (ED) visits among the pediatric population decrease was also true for injury-related ED visits during the COVID-19 pandemic. As was the case with SARS in 2003, COVID-19 acted as a deterrent for pediatric ED visits.

Are Serum Interleukin 6 and Surfactant Protein D Levels Associated with the Clinical Course of COVID-19?

Kerget,  B,  Kerget, et al

Lung

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between serum interleukin 6 (IL-6) and surfactant protein D (SP-D) levels and the clinical course and prognosis of COVID-19. Patients who developed acute respiratory distress syndrome had significantly higher IL-6 and SP-D levels compared to those who did not; and both parameters at the time of admission were also significantly higher among nonsurvivors compared to survivors

Efficacy of Nationwide Curfew to Encounter Spread of COVID-19: A Case From Jordan

Khatatbeh,  M

Frontiers in Public Health

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique

To assess the effectiveness of the lockdown, a comparison between Jordan and other countries in the Middle East would be beneficial in terms of the total number of cases relative to date of confirming the first case and time of implementing lockdowns. The number of cases divided by the total number of population will be also considered to understand the magnitude of the disease in each country. The number of population for each country was figured from the world live population meter, and total number of cases was figured from Johns Hopkins University's Coronavirus Resource Center, both measures as of 20th June 2020. The effectiveness of the curfew was enhanced by the closure of all entry borders including the airport and the compulsory 14-days quarantine for all individuals arriving to Jordan within 3 days preceding closing the borders.

Current effect of COVID-19 global pandemic on the professional and life profiles of the Egyptian spine surgeons

Khattab,  MF,  Abou-Madawi, et al

SICOT-J

Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé Economics | Économie

The aim of this cross-sectional online survey study was to assess the short-term effects of COVID-19 on the socioeconomic profile of spinal surgeons in Egypt. The partial country lockdown was associated with drop in monthly income and in number of both elective and emergency operations. Most surgeons either stopped surgery or limited the number of either elective or emergency surgeries as well as outpatient clinics. Most of them were not in the COVID-19 team or did not receive any training, working under immense physical and psychological stress of being exposed to transmission of infection.

COVID-19 meningitis without pulmonary involvement with positive cerebrospinal fluid PCR

Khodamoradi,  Z,  Hosseini, et al

Eur J Neurol

Clinical data| Données cliniques

Case report  of a 49 year old female

Personal protective equipment availability and usage amongst pediatric otorhinolaryngologists during the COVID-19 pandemic: An international survey

Kim,  DH,  Chadha, et al

International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology

Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI) Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

This study aimed to survey a group of global pediatric otolaryngology specialists to assess their usage and access to personal protective equipment during the COVID-19 pandemic. 96 responses were collected from 17 different countries. N95 was the most commonly utilized PPE when dealing with COVID-19 patients (64.2%–81.9% depending on aerosolization risk of the procedure). Significantly higher use of PAPR was noted in high-risk aerosolization generating medical procedures, when compared to other risks. Face covering was used consistently (91.6%). Most respondents (78.1%, n = 75) had access to PAPR or had at least requested it. The majority of patients (56.2%, n = 54) was being tested for SARS-CoV-2 prior to procedures performed in operating rooms (OR); whereas, only 1.1% (n = 1) of clinic patients were tested for SARS-CoV-2 irrespective of the history or symptomatology.

Hi-COVIDNet: Deep Learning Approach to Predict Inbound COVID-19 Patients and Case Study in South Korea

Kim,  M,  Kang, et al

 

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie

The escalating crisis of COVID-19 has put people all over the world in danger. Owing to the high contagion rate of the virus, COVID-19 cases continue to increase globally. To further suppress the threat of the COVID-19 pandemic and minimize its damage, it is imperative that each country monitors inbound travelers. Moreover, given that resources for quarantine are often limited, they must be carefully allocated. In this paper, to aid in such allocation by predicting the number of inbound COVID-19 cases, we propose Hi-COVIDNet, which takes advantage of the geographic hierarchy. Hi-COVIDNet is based on a neural network with two-level components, namely, country-level and continent-level encoders, which understand the complex relationships among foreign countries and derive their respective contagion risk to the destination country. An in-depth case study in South Korea with real-world COVID-19 datasets confirmed the effectiveness and practicality of Hi-COVIDNet. © 2020 ACM.

Integrative Modeling of Quantitative Plasma Lipoprotein, Metabolic, and Amino Acid Data Reveals a Multiorgan Pathological Signature of SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Kimhofer,  T,  Lodge, et al

J Proteome Res

Coronavirology| Coronavirologie

The metabolic effects of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection on human blood plasma were characterized using multiplatform metabolic phenotyping with nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Key discriminant metabolites included markers of inflammation including elevated α-1-acid glycoprotein and an increased kynurenine/tryptophan ratio. There was also an abnormal lipoprotein, glucose, and amino acid signature consistent with diabetes and coronary artery disease (low total and HDL Apolipoprotein A1, low HDL triglycerides, high LDL and VLDL triglycerides), plus multiple highly significant amino acid markers of liver dysfunction (including the elevated glutamine/glutamate and Fischer’s ratios) that present themselves as part of a distinct SARS-CoV-2 infection pattern.

Interim Analysis of an Open-label Randomized Controlled Trial Evaluating Nasal Irrigations in Non-hospitalized Patients with COVID-19

Kimura,  KS,  Freeman, et al

Int Forum Allergy Rhinol

Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique RCT

Authors started an open-label randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effect of nasal irrigation with hypertonic saline or saline with surfactant on upper respiratory symptoms and viral load. Nasal saline irrigation is a commonly accepted and inexpensive therapy with proven efficacy as a treatment for viral upper respiratory infections and has been proposed as a potentially beneficial treatment for COVID-19.

Knowledge and awareness on economic impact of COVID-19 among Trichy City population-A survey

Kiran Srinivas,  B,  Gayatri Devi, et al

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique Economics | Économie

The main aim of this study is to test the knowledge and create awareness on various attributes that are related to the Indian economy among the Trichy population. The questionnaire was passed to 109 individuals. Many residents from Trichy are aware about various aspects that affect our economy. Most of the responses from them were relevant and correct, emphasizing that they are already aware in these Fields. Pandemic plays an important role in deciding a country’s economy. It shows its effects on all sectors of the government. Measures should be adopted by the citizens in order to escape from this economic fever.

The discounted money value of human lives lost due to COVID-19 in Spain

Kirigia,  JM,  Muthuri, et al

Journal of Health Research

Economics | Économie

Purpose: To estimate the discounted money value of human lives lost (DMVHL) due to COVID-19 in Spain. The 20,453 human lives lost due to COVID-19 had a total DMVHL of Int$ 9,629,234,112, and an average of Int$ 470,798 per human life lost.

Evaluation of the effects of COVID-19 in a dentist’s daily routine-a survey

Kishen,  A,  Anjali, et al

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences

Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

Covid 19 is considered to be a pandemic virus infection. SARS-Cov-2 causes it. It is a viral infection that is transmitted through aerosol and droplet contam-ination, cross-infection, etc. Dentists are at a higher risk due to this corona. It has affected daily routines of dentist’s life as they are unavailable to run the clinic and attend to patients. Different search engines like PubMed, and Google Scholar was used. The questionnaire consisting of twenty questions was prepared by using online survey google forms and circulated among the participants. SPSS software was used to evaluate the results and data collec-tion. Statistical analysis was done by chi-square test. Later, results were being tabulated. This survey that is taken among dental students, dentists, and ran-dom public, it is seen that the majority of them are well aware of this recent pandemic attack. (COVID-19). It is concluded that dentists are affected to a significant extent due to coronavirus as their daily routine is affected severely. This study aims to identify the effect on dentist life on a routine basis due to the pandemic COVID-19. © 2020, J. K. Welfare and Pharmascope Foundation. All rights reserved.

Awareness and myths about corona virus: Selected study on engineering students, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh

Kishore Babu,  B,  Venkateshwara Kumar, et al

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

A study was carried out in engineering colleges of Guntur district of Andhra Pradesh. A structured questionnaire was formulated and used to do an online survey of 384 engineering students. The questionnaire included three parts, socio-demographic characteristics, selected myths and beliefs about coronavirus. About the coronavirus majority of engineering students believed myths are “The study reveals the respondent’s opinion on corona as below,40.4% believe that coronavirus will die off when temperatures rise in the spring, 5.1% strongly agree that social distancing guards spreading of coronavirus, 29.4% neither agree nor disagree that Home remedies can cure and protect against COVID-19, 27.9% strongly agree.

PMC7340128 part of their official duties. The remaining authors have disclosed that they do not have any potential conflicts of interest; Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic Measures: Reports From a National Survey of 9,120 ICU Clinicians

Kleinpell,  R,  Ferraro, et al

Crit Care Med

Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

This study queried U.S. ICU clinician perspectives on challenging aspects of care in managing coronavirus disease 2019 patients, current and anticipated resource demands, and personal stress. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Using a descriptive survey methodology, an anonymous web-based survey was administered from April 7, 2020, to April 22, 2020 (email and newsletter) to query members of U.S. national critical care organizations.  RESULTS: Through a 16-item descriptive questionnaire, ICU clinician perceptions were assessed regarding current and emerging critical ICU needs in managing the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infected patients, resource levels, concerns about being exposed to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, and perceived level of personal stress.   The most critical ICU needs identified were personal protective equipment, specifically N95 respirator availability, and ICU staffing. Minimizing healthcare worker virus exposure during care was believed to be the most challenging aspect of coronavirus disease 2019 patient care.

Etablierung der PCR-basierten SARS-CoV-2-Testung im Hochdurchsatz

Klussmeier,  A,  Behrens, et al

BioSpektrum

Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes

Here, we present a high-through-put approach for PCR-based SARS-CoV-2 testing. The implementation of sample pooling reduces costs and workload, especially in times with low population prevalence.

Bronchoscopy safety precautions for diagnosing COVID-19 associated pulmonary aspergillosis - a simulation study

Koehler,  P,  Cornely, et al

Mycoses

Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI) Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

We intent to visualize aerosol and droplet spread and surface contamination during bronchoscopy and address which measures can avoid exposure of health care workers.We created a simulation model to visualize aerosol and droplet generation as well as surface contamination by nebulizing fluorescent solution detected by using ultraviolet light and slow motion capture. Adequate personal protective equipment and safety strategies allow to minimize contamination during bronchoscopy in mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients.

Non-spatial data towards spatially located news about covid-19: A semi-automated aggregator of pandemic data from (social) media within the Olomouc region, Czechia

Konicek,  J,  Netek, et al

Data

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie

The application “COVID-map” is an interactive web map solution which visualizes records from the database in a spatial way. The COVID-map has been developed within the Ad hoc online hackathon as an academic project at the Department of Geoinformatics, Palacký University Olomouc, Czech Republic. Alongside spatially localized data, the map application collects statistical data from official sources e.g., from the governmental crisis management office. The impact of the application was immediate. Within a few days after the launch, tens of thousands users per day visited the COVID-map. It has been published by regional and national media. The COVID-map solution could be considered as a suitable implementation of the correctly used cartographical method for the example of the coronavirus pandemic.

EDTA-Anticoagulated Whole Blood for SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Testing by Electrochemiluminescence Immunoassay (ECLIA) and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)

Kovac,  M,  Risch, et al

Diagnostics

Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes

We addressed the suitability of EDTA-anticoagulated whole blood as an alternative sample material for antibody testing against SARS-CoV-2 by electro-CLIA (ECLIA; Roche, Rotkreuz, Switzerland) and ELISA (IgG and IgA; Euroimmun, Germany). Simultaneously drawn venous serum and EDTA-anticoagulated whole blood samples from 223 individuals were included. Correction of the whole blood results for hematocrit led to a good agreement with the serum results for weakly to moderately positive antibody signals. In receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis, all three assays displayed comparable diagnostic accuracy (area under the curve (AUC)) using corrected whole blood and serum (AUCs: 0.97 for ECLIA and IgG ELISA; 0.84 for IgA ELISA). In conclusion, our results suggest that the investigated assays can reliably detect antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in hemolyzed whole blood anticoagulated with EDTA.

The Coronavirus Network Explorer: Mining a large-scale knowledge graph for effects of SARS-CoV-2 on host cell function

Krämer,  Andreas,  Billaud, et al

bioRxiv

Coronavirology| Coronavirologie

We use a machine learning-based approach to connect the viral proteins to relevant biological functions and diseases in a large-scale knowledge graph derived from the biomedical literature. Our aim is to explore how SARS-CoV-2 could interfere with various host cell functions, and also to identify additional drug targets amongst the host genes that could potentially be modulated against COVID-19. Results are presented in the form of interactive network visualizations, that allow exploration of underlying experimental evidence. A selection of networks is discussed in the context of recent clinical observations.

Characteristics and Outcomes of Mechanically Ventilated COVID-19 Patients—An Observational Cohort Study

Krause,  M,  Douin, et al

Journal of intensive care medicine

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques

This study aimed to identify which demographics, comorbidities, markers of disease progression, and interventions are associated with 30-day mortality in COVID-19 patients requiring mechanical ventilation. We included 85 patients, of which 20 died (23.5%) within 30 days of the first hospital admission. In the univariate analysis, deceased patients were more likely ≥60 years of age (p < 0.001), non-Hispanic (p = 0.026), and diagnosed with a solid malignant tumor (p = 0.003). Insurance status also differed between survivors and non-survivors (p = 0.019). Age ≥60 and malignancy had a 9.5-fold (95% confidence interval 1.4-62.3, p = 0.020) and 5.8-fold higher odds ratio (95% confidence interval 1.2-28.4, p = 0.032) for 30-day mortality after adjusted analysis using multivariable logistic regression, while other independent variables were no longer significant.

Direct-RT-qPCR Detection of SARS-CoV-2 without RNA Extraction as Part of a COVID-19 Testing Strategy: From Sample to Result in One Hour

Kriegova,  E,  Fillerova, et al

Diagnostics

Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes

The Direct-One-Step-RT-qPCR (DIOS-RT-qPCR) assay detects severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in less than one hour while maintaining the high sensitivity and specificity required of diagnostic tools. This optimised protocol allows for the direct use of swab transfer media (14 µL) without the need for RNA extraction, achieving comparable sensitivity to the standard method that requires the time-consuming and costly step of RNA isolation. The limit of detection for DIOS-RT-qPCR was lower than seven copies/reaction, which translates to 550 virus copies/mL of swab. The speed, ease of use and low price of this assay make it suitable for high-throughput screening programmes. The use of fast enzymes allows RT-qPCR to be performed under standard laboratory conditions within one hour, making it a potential point-of-care solution on high-speed cycling instruments.

32853599; COVID-19 patients display distinct SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cell responses according to disease severity

Kroemer,  M,  Spehner, et al

Journal of Infection

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Immunology | Immunologie

We designed a prospective study (NCT04365322) that included 60 COVID-19 convalescent patients (1-month post infection) in two cohorts respectively entitled mild illness and severe pneumonia. T-cell responses in term of frequency and intensity were clearly distinct between mild illness and severe pneumonia patients.

Social Distancing as p-Dispersion Problem

Kudela,  J

IEEE Access

Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique

The spread of COVID-19 and similar viruses poses new challenges for our society. There is a strong incentive towards safety measures that help to mitigate the outbreaks. Many countries have imposed social distancing measures that require a minimum distance between people in given places, such as schools, restaurants, shops, etc. This in turn creates complications for these places, as their function is to serve as many people as they were originally designed for. In this article, we pose the problem of using the available space in a given place, such that the social distancing measures are satisfied, as a p -dispersion problem. We use recent algorithmic advancements, that were developed for the p -dispersion problem, and combine them with discretization schemes to find computationally attainable solutions to the p -dispersion problem and investigate the trade-off between the level of discretization and computational efforts on one side, and the value of the optimal solution on the other. © 2013 IEEE.

A correlation study between meteorological parameters and COVID-19 pandemic in Mumbai, India

Kumar,  G,  Kumar, et al

Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research and Reviews

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie

In this study, we aim to analyze the correlation between meteorological parameters and COVID-19 pandemic in the financial capital of India, Mumbai. Methods: In this research, we collected data from April 27 till July 25, 2020 (90 days).   Results: A significant correlation of COVID-19 was found with temperature (Tmin), dew point (DPmax), relative humidity (RHmax, RHavg, RHmin) and surface pressure (Pmax, Pavg, Pmin). The parameters which showed significant correlation were then taken for the modeling and prediction of COVID-19 infections using Artificial Neural Network technique.

COVID 19 mortality: Probable role of microbiome to explain disparity

Kumar,  P,  Chander, et al

Medical hypotheses

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie

We analyzed data from 122 countries out of which 80 were high or upper middle income and 42 were low or low middle income countries. There was statistically significant positive correlation between COVID 19 deaths /million population and water current score, health efficiency, and expected healthy life span (HALE). We propose that high microbial exposure particularly gram negative bacteria can possibly induce interferon type I which might have a protective effect against COVID 19 since the countries with less mortality also tend to have lack of sanitation and high incidence of attendant diseases.

A social media-based study on the psychological impact of COVID-19 infections in recovered and recovering patients

Kumar,  Vikesh,  Varshney, et al

Research Square prepub

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

An online survey was conducted using a social media platform from 31/05/2020 to 24/06/2020. The study participants were COVID-19 infected individuals who had recovered or still were in the recovery phase from COVID-19.  Information on demographics, clinical characteristics and physical complications of COVID-19. Anxiety and depressive symptoms were assessed using previously validated tools. 53.4% of respondents reported that they had a fear of getting COVID-19 again. Anxiety and depressive symptoms were present in 71.7% and 97.6% of respondents respectively. Both disorders were present in 71.3% of respondents. The respondents with shorter durations of physical symptoms (< 2 weeks) demonstrated less anxiety (OR = 0.19; 95% CI: 0.05 - 0.67) and depression (OR = 0.03; 95% CI: 0.01 - 0.37).

A short questionnaire to assess changes in lifestyle-related behaviour during COVID 19 pandemic

Kumari,  A,  Ranjan, et al

Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research and Reviews

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

his study was conducted to develop and validate a questionnaire to assess changes in individual's lifestyle-related behaviour during COVID 19 pandemic. Materials and methods: The questionnaire was developed through a standardised methodology including literature review, focus group discussion, expert evaluation, pre-testing and validation. A cross-sectional survey was carried out on 103 participants to validate the questionnaire that used a 5-point Likert scale for the response option. Results: We found that approximately three-fourths of the participants reported either an increased or a similar intake of main meals, snacking between meals, portions of meals/snacks and a balanced diet including whole wheat, pulses, legumes, eggs, nuts, fruits and vegetables. On the other hand, the overall intake of fast food/junk food/fried food, sugar-sweetened beverages, sweets, chocolates has been found to be either similar or decreased, however, the intake of unhealthy foods out of boredom or stress has been found to be a bit increased by around 20% of the participants.  In the case of physical activity, we found that involvement in aerobic exercise and household chores has either remained grossly similar or somewhat increased.

Stability analysis of mathematical model new corona virus (Covid-19) disease spread in population

Labzai,  A,  Kouidere, et al

Communications in Mathematical Biology and Neuroscience

Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie

We are building a dynamic model based on the detailed data of mortality from the World Health Organization (WHO) and the actual spread of the epidemic. By using Routh-Hurwitz criteria and constructing Lyapunov functions, the local and the global stability of the disease-free equilibrium and the disease equilibrium are obtained.

Nosocomial infection with SARS-CoV-2 and main outcomes after surgery within an orthopaedic surgery department in a tertiary trauma centre in Spain

Lakhani,  K,  Minguell, et al

Int Orthop

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

The purpose of this study is to analyze clinical data of a series of cases who developed nosocomial infection with SARS-CoV-2 in an orthopaedic and traumatology department. Authors found a 6.48% of nosocomial infection with SARS-CoV-2, but with an important reduction of it after undergoing preventing protocols that included screening RT-PCR test for COVID-19.

PMC7454718; Continued In-Hospital Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor and Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker Use in Hypertensive COVID-19 Patients Is Associated With Positive Clinical Outcome

Lam,  KW,  Chow, et al

J Infect Dis

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques

This study investigated continued and discontinued use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) or angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB) during hospitalization of 614 hypertensive laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients. Mortality (22% vs 17%, P > .05) and intensive care unit (ICU) admission (26% vs 12%, P > .05) rates were not significantly different between non-ACEi/ARB and ACEi/ARB groups. However, patients who continued ACEi/ARBs in the hospital had a markedly lower ICU admission rate (12% vs 26%; P = .001; odds ratio [OR] = 0.347; 95% confidence interval [CI], .187–.643) and mortality rate (6% vs 28%; P = .001; OR = 0.215; 95% CI, .101–.455) compared to patients who discontinued ACEi/ARB. The odds ratio for mortality remained significantly lower after accounting for development of hypotension or AKI.

32853596; Positive RT-PCR nasopharyngeal swab in patients recovered from COVID-19 disease: When does quarantine really end?

Landi,  F,  Gremese, et al

Journal of Infection

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques

After the acute phase of SARS-CoV-2 epidemic infection, the Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCSS of Rome established a post-acute care service for patients discharged from the hospital. During the first week of post-acute care activity, 29 patients recovered from COVID-19 disease were recalled being assessed. Of the 29 patients who repeated the nasopharyngeal swab, 6 patients (20,6%) tested positive again. All these 6 patients were exposed to the SARS-CoV-2 infection at least one month before. Finally, they did not report contact with person with COVID-19 disease related symptoms, such as fever, cough, fatigue, myalgia, shortness of breath, and sore throat and they declared no family member infected at the time of post-acute care admission, too. These findings suggest that a significant proportion of recovered COVID-19 disease patients still could be potentially asymptomatic carriers of the virus.

Effect of combination therapy of hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin on mortality in COVID-19 patients

Lauriola,  M,  Pani, et al

Clin Transl Sci

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique

We performed a retrospective single-center cohort study including 377 consecutive patients admitted for pneumonia related to coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Of these 297 were in combination treatment, 17 were on hydroxychloroquine alone and 63 did not receive any of these two drugs because of contraindications. The primary endpoint was in-hospital death. Mean age was 71.8±13.4 years and 34.2% were women. We recorded 146 deaths: 35 in no treatment, 7 in hydroxychloroquine and 102 in hydroxychloroquine + azithromycin group (log-rank test for Kaplan-Meier curve p<0.001). At multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression analysis, age (hazard ratio HR] 1.057, 95% confidence interval CI] 1.035-1.079, p<0.001), mechanical ventilation/CPAP (HR 2.726, 95%CI 1.823-4.074, p<0.001), C Reactive Protein above the median (HR 2.191, 95%CI 1.479-3.246, p<0.001) were directly associated with death, whilst use of hydroxychloroquine + azithromycin (vs. no treatment) (HR 0.265, 95%CI 0.171-0.412, p<0.001) was inversely associated. In this study, we found a reduced in-hospital mortality in patients treated with a combination of hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin after adjustment for comorbidities.

Rotational thromboelastometry in young, previously healthy patients with SARS-Cov2

Lazar,  M,  Tomey, et al

Journal of clinical anesthesia

Clinical data| Données cliniques

After obtaining consent from the patients, Rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) was performed on whole blood samples collected on hospitalization day zero.  ROTEM findings in both cases indicated hypercoagulability, with elevated levels of maximum clot firmness and clot amplitude at 20 min in the EXTEM; as well as elevated levels of MCF  and A20  in the FIBTEM.

PMC7355325; Cardiac Involvment in COVID-19-Related Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Lazzeri,  C,  Bonizzoli, et al

Am J Cardiol

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques

This study assessed the cardiac involvement by serial troponin levels and echocardiograms in 28 consecutive patients with COVID-19 ARDS consecutively admitted to  ICU from March 1 to March 31. Twenty-eight COVID-19 patients (aged 61.7 ± 10 years, males 79%). The majority was mechanically ventilated (86%) and 4 patients (14%) required veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. As of March 31, the Intensive Care Unit mortality rate was 7%, whereas 7 patients were discharged (25%) with a length of stay of 8.2 ±5 days. At echocardiographic assessment on admission, acute core pulmonale was detected in 2 patients who required extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support. Increased systolic arterial pressure was detected in all patients. Increased Troponin T levels were detectable in 11 patients (39%) on admission. At linear regression analysis, troponin T showed a direct relationship with C-reactive Protein (R square: 0.082, F: 5.95, p = 0.017).

Objective olfactory findings in hospitalized severe COVID-19 patients

Lechien,  JR,  Ducarme, et al

Pathogens

Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes

Objective: We investigate the prevalence of the self-reported and objective sudden loss of smell (SLS) in patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods: Severe COVID-19 patients with self-reported SLS were recruited at hospitalization discharge. Epidemiological and clinical data were collected. The Sino-nasal Outcome Test-22 (SNOT-22) was used to evaluate rhinological complaints. Subjective olfactory and gustatory functions were assessed with the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHNES). Objective SLS was evaluated using psychophysical tests. Potential associations between olfactory evaluation and the clinical outcomes (duration of hospitalization; admission biology; one month serology (IgG), and chest computed tomography findings) were studied. Results: Forty-seven patients completed the study (25 females). Subjectively, eighteen (38.3%) individuals self-reported subjective partial or total SLS. Among them, only three and four were anosmic and hyposmic, respectively (38.9%). Considering the objective evaluation in the entire cohort, the prevalence of SLS was 21.3%. Elderly patients and those with diabetes had lower objective olfactory evaluation results than young and non-diabetic individuals. Conclusion: The prevalence of SLS in severe COVID-19 patients appears to be lower than previously estimated in mild-to-moderate COVID-19 forms. Future comparative studies are needed to explore the predictive value of SLS for COVID-19 severity.

Characterization of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Stability in Multiple Water Matrices

Lee,  YJ,  Kim, et al

J Korean Med Sci

Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI)

We characterized the stability of SARS-CoV-2 in three water matrices: fresh, tap, and seawater. The minimum infective dose of SARS-CoV-2 in Vero cells was confirmed to be 10³ PFU/mL. The stability of SARS-CoV-2 varied according to the water matrix: infective SARS-CoV-2 was undetectable after treatment with fresh water and seawater, but remained detectable for 2 days in tap water, when starting with an initial concentration of 10⁴ PFU/mL. When the starting concentration was increased to 10⁵ PFU/mL, a similar trend was observed. In addition, viral RNA persisted longer than infectious virus in all water matrices. This study was conducted in stagnant water containing a significantly high titer of virus, thus, human-to-human transmission of SARS-CoV-2 through the actual aquatic environment is expected to be rare.

Gastrointestinal Infection is the Risk Factor for COVID-19 Inpatients with Assisted Ventilation

Lei,  M,  Qiu, et al

Liver Transpl

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques

We aim to describe the clinical characteristics and risk factors of COVID-19 patients needing assisted ventilation therapy. The retrospective study of 288 adult inpatients found that older age, tachypnea, and gastrointestinal infections showing as diarrhea, elevated ALT, and elevated white blood cells, procalcitonin and C-reactive protein were risk factors for COVID-19 inpatients with assisted ventilation.

Structural characterization of the N-linked glycans in the receptor binding domain of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and their interactions with human lectins using NMR spectroscopy

Lenza,  MP,  Oyenarte, et al

Angew Chem Int Ed Engl

Coronavirology| Coronavirologie

The glycan structures of the receptor binding domain of the SARS-CoV2 spike glycoprotein expressed in human HEK293F cells have been studied by using NMR. The different possible interacting epitopes have been deeply analysed and characterized, providing evidence of the presence of glycan structures not found in previous MS-based analyses. The interaction of the RBD 13C-labelled glycans with different human lectins, which are expressed in different organs and tissues that may be affected during the infection process, has also been evaluated by NMR. In particular, 15N-labelled galectins (galectins-3, -7 and -8 N-terminal), Siglecs (siglec-8, siglec-10), and C-type lectins (DC-SIGN, MGL) have been employed. Complementary experiments from the glycoprotein perspective or from the lectin's point of view have permitted to disentangle the specific interacting epitopes in each case. Based on these findings, 3D models of the interacting complexes have been proposed.

PMC7175919; Electrostatic charged nanofiber filter for filtering airborne novel coronavirus (COVID-19) and nano-aerosols

Leung,  WWF,  Sun, et al

Sep Purif Technol

Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI)

This study addresses developing novel charged polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanofiber filter technology to effectively capture the fast-spreading, deadly airborne coronavirus, especially COVID-19, with our target aerosol size set at 100 nm. This approach was applied to develop four new nanofiber filters tailored for capturing airborne COVID-19 to achieve over 90% efficiency with pressure drop not to exceed 30 Pa (3.1 mm water). One filter developed meeting the 90% efficiency has ultralow pressure drop of only 18 Pa while another filter meeting the 30 Pa limit has high efficiency reaching 94%.

PMC7454752; Epidemiology of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Emergence Amidst Community-Acquired Respiratory Viruses

Leuzinger,  K,  Roloff, et al

J Infect Dis

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques

Nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal swabs (NOPS) from 7663 patients were prospectively tested by the Basel S-gene and WHO-based E-gene (Roche) assays in parallel using the Basel N-gene assay for confirmation. Community-acquired respiratory viruses (CARVs) were prospectively tested in 2394 NOPS by multiplex nucleic acid testing, including 1816 (75%) simultaneously for SARS-CoV-2. The Basel S-gene and Roche E-gene assays were concordant in 7475 cases (97.5%) including 825 (11%) SARS-CoV-2 positives. In 188 (2.5%) discordant cases, SARS-CoV-2 loads were significantly lower than in concordant positive ones and confirmed in 105 (1.4%). Adults were more frequently SARS-CoV-2 positive, whereas children tested more frequently CARV positive. CARV coinfections with SARS-CoV-2 occurred in 1.8%. SARS-CoV-2 replaced CARVs within 3 weeks, reaching 48% of all detected respiratory viruses followed by rhinovirus/enterovirus (13%), influenza virus (12%), coronavirus (9%), respiratory syncytial virus (6%), and metapneumovirus (6%).

Clinical value of outpatient screening in department of general surgery during the COVID-19 outbreak

Li,  G,  Zhang, et al

Chinese Journal of Digestive Surgery

Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

in Chinese: During the COVID-19 outbreak, outpatient screening in department of general surgery can effectively screen out high-risk patients.

vContact: Private WiFi-based Contact Tracing with Virus Lifespan

Li,  Guanyao,  Hu, et al

arXiv

Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique

In this work, we study, for the first time, automatic contact detection when the virus has a lifespan. Leveraging upon the ubiquity of WiFi signals, we propose a novel, private, and fully distributed WiFi-based approach called vContact. Users installing an app continuously scan WiFi and store its hashed IDs. Given a confirmed case, the signals of the major places he/she visited are then uploaded to a server and matched with the stored signals of users to detect contact. vContact is not based on phone pairing, and no information of any other users is stored locally. The confirmed case does not need to have installed the app for it to work properly. As WiFi data are sampled sporadically, we propose efficient signal processing approaches and similarity metric to align and match signals of any time. We conduct extensive indoor and outdoor experiments to evaluate the performance of vContact. Our results demonstrate that vContact is efficient and robust for contact detection. The precision and recall of contact detection are high (in the range of 50-90%) for close contact proximity (2m). Its performance is robust with respect to signal lengths (AP numbers) and phone heterogeneity. By implementing vContact as an app, we present a case study to demonstrate the validity of our design in notifying its users their exposure to virus with lifespan.

Exploring the Demographics and Clinical Characteristics Related to the Expression of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2, a Receptor of SARS-CoV-2

Li,  S,  Han, et al

Frontiers in Medicine

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques

We analyzed the expression of ACE2 in the blood to identify the individuals who may be susceptible to infection. In total, 229 subjects were enrolled in this study, and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and ELISA assay was used to identify the level of ACE2 mRNA expression and ACE2 protein level in the blood. Higher level of ACE2 was observed in females, older subjects, subjects with hypertension, subjects with a cardiocerebrovascular disease, male smokers, and subjects with cancer (p < 0.05) than in other subjects. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that there is a statistically significant correlation between being a female and ACE2 expression (β = 0.550, p < 0.001), between older age and ACE2 expression (β = 0.197, p = 0.003), between smoking and ACE2 expression (β = 0.163, p = 0.037), and between cancer and ACE2 expression (β = 0.265, p < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis revealed that female subjects (odds ratio OR] = 2.255, 95% confidence interval CI] = 1.770–2.872), subjects with hypertension (OR = 1.264, 95% CI = 1.075–1.486), subjects with a cardiocerebrovascular disease (OR = 1.271, 95% CI = 1.023–1.579), subjects with cancer (OR = 1.695, 95% CI = 1.253–2.293), and subjects above 60 years of age (OR = 3.097, 95% CI = 1.078–8.896) are at an increased risk of infection due to their high expression of ACE2.

Drug evaluation and pharmaceutical care in a critically ill COVID-19 patient

Li,  X,  Li, et al

Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther

Clinical data| Données cliniques Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

A case of a critically ill COVID-19 patient with respiratory failure and diabetes mellitus is used as an example of an analysis of the treatment plan, utilization of combined medications, and the delivery of pharmaceutical care. Clinical pharmacists should participate in the optimization of drug treatment programs and provide pharmaceutical care for critically ill COVID-19 patients; this can promote the rational use of drugs.

Evaluation of Remote Pharmacist-Led Outpatient Service for Geriatric Patients on Rivaroxaban for Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Li,  X,  Zuo, et al

Frontiers in Pharmacology

Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of remote medication management of rivaroxaban by pharmacists for geriatric patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation during the COVID-19 pandemic. Remote pharmacist-led medication instruction of rivaroxaban could reduce bleeding complications of the gastrointestinal tract and skin ecchymosis and postpone the first outpatient revisit after discharge.

Progression to Fibrosing Diffuse Alveolar Damage in a Series of 30 Minimally Invasive Autopsies with COVID-19 Pneumonia in Wuhan, China

Li,  Y,  Wu, et al

Histopathology

Clinical data| Données cliniques

While diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) is recognized to be the primary manifestation COVID-19 pneumonia, there has been little emphasis on the progression to the fibrosing phase of DAD. Authors report a detailed histopathologic study of thirty autopsy cases with COVID-19 virus infection, based on minimally invasive autopsies.
They observed fibrosing DAD in fatal cases, whether surviving patients are at risk for developing pulmonary fibrosis and the frequency of this complication will require further clinical and radiologic follow-up studies.

Corticosteroid prevents COVID-19 progression within its therapeutic window: a multicentre, proof-of-concept, observational study

Li,  Y,  Zhou, et al

Emerg Microbes Infect

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique

The Shanghai cohort enrolled adult COVID-19 patients who were admitted to Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center. Between 20 January 2020 and 13 February 2020, a total of 311 patients were hospitalized and underwent routine laboratory tests and radiologic examinations. Stably mild patients were given systemic supportive therapy and corticosteroid was not introduced because of potential risks. Patients were considered eligible for corticosteroids once chest radiology examinations suggested they were at risk of progression to ARDS.  The proportion of patients requiring invasive mechanical ventilation was significantly lower in the early-start group than in the control group (10.6% vs. 33.3%, difference, 22.7%, 95% confidence interval 2.6-44.8%). Among the validation cohort of 51 patients, similar difference of the primary outcome was observed (45.0% vs. 74.2%, P = 0.035). Among COVID-19 patients with marked radiologic progression, short-term, low-to-moderate-dose corticosteroids benefits patients with LDH levels of less than two times the ULN, who may be in the early phase of excessive inflammation

Site mapping and small molecule blind docking reveal a possible target site on the SARS-CoV-2 main protease dimer interface

Liang,  J,  Karagiannis, et al

Computational Biology and Chemistry

Coronavirology| Coronavirologie

The SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro) has an important role in the viral life cycle. Inhibition of the active site or dimerization site of Mpro can mitigate activity. Mapping reveals a reactive pocket in the dimerization pocket at the apex of Mpro. Blind docking shows that ligands may preferentially bind at the apex of Mpro. Stable ligand interactions are formed at the active and apex sites of Mpro.

Clinical Reasoning: A case of COVID-19 associated pharyngeal-cervical-brachial variant of Guillain-Barré syndrome

Liberatore,  G,  De Santis, et al

Neurology

Clinical data| Données cliniques

Here we report the first case of Pharyngeal-Cervical-Brachial (PCB) variant of GBS associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. PCB is considered a rare regional axonal variant of GBS.

PMC7462566; Racial differences and an increased systemic inflammatory response are seen in patients with COVID-19 and ischemic stroke

Lin,  C,  Arevalo, et al

Brain Behav Immun Health

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques

This study aimed to describe the difference in clinical presentation, including race, of ischemic stroke between patients with and without COVID-19, and the association of inflammatory response with stroke severity. 60 hospitalized patients with acute ischemic stroke were included in the analysis. Nine were positive for COVID-19. African-Americans comprised of 55.6% of those that had COVID-19 and stroke and 37.7% of those with only stroke. Stroke patients with COVID-19 had a significantly higher NIHSS 18.4 (8.8)] and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) 7.3 (4.2) vs 3.8 (2.8); P ​= ​0.0137] than those without. Those with COVID-19 also had a significantly higher mortality rate (44.4% vs. 7.6%; p ​< ​0.001).

Increased internet searches for insomnia as a sensitive indicator for global mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic

Lin,  YH,  Chiang, et al

J Med Internet Res

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

This study aimed to use Google Trends data to investigate the impact of the pandemic on populations’ mental health through three keyword searches indicating the varied extent of mental distress, namely insomnia, depression, and suicide. The countries with the greatest increases in searches for insomnia were Iran, Spain, the United States, and Italy, and these countries showed a significant increase in insomnia searches more than 10 of the 31 days observed. The number of increased death cases was positively correlated to the number of days with an increased search for insomnia among the 19 countries, with the Spearman’s correlation coefficient (rho) of 0.64, P = 0.003. By contrast, there was no significant correlation between increased death cases and increased searches for depression (rho = -0.12, P = 0·633) or suicide (rho = -0.07, P = 0.788).

Cross-sectional study of self-concept and gender in relation to physical activity and martial arts in Spanish adolescents during the COVID-19 lockdown

Lindell-Postigo,  D,  Zurita-Ortega, et al

Education Sciences

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

this study aimed to analyze some demographic, physical, and psychosocial parameters in Spanish adolescents throughout the COVID-19 quarantine through a cross-sectional investigation, establishing correlations among these factors. Methods: The present study had a descriptive, comparative, and cross-sectional design. The sample comprised of 54 (39.7%) male and 82 (60.3%) female Spanish adolescents aged 12–18 (M = 14.49; SD = 1.80). An ad-hoc questionnaire collected sociodemographic data; the self-concept Form 5 (AF5) questionnaire obtained data on SC dimensions. Results: There were some differences among the SC dimensions, with family and academic dimensions having higher values than the physical and emotional ones. Females’ academic SC was higher than that of males (p = 0.019). The practice of PA before the lockdown was positively associated with physical (p 0.050).

Preserving Multidisciplinary Care Model and Patient Safety During Reopening of Ambulatory Cystic Fibrosis Clinic for Nonurgent Care: A Hybrid Telehealth Model

List,  R,  Compton, et al

Telemed J E Health

Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

The University of Virginia's (UVA's) adult cystic fibrosis (CF) program redesigned the care model to introduced hybrid clinics (mix of inpatient and telemedicine). The goal remained to minimize person-to-person contacts. A total of 16 hybrid visits occurred between May 14 and June 11, 2020. Each hybrid visit type was attended by an average of four CTMs and amounted to 63 separate interactions. Of these interactions, 28 were completed virtually, reducing in-person contacts and personal protection equipment utilization by 44% compared with a fully in-person model of care.

Effects of wearing masks on human health and comfort during the COVID-19 pandemic

Liu,  C,  Li, et al

 

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

This study explored the influence of wearing different types of masks on people's health and comfort through a subjective questionnaire survey, physiological response test, and thermal imaging test. The results showed that, in a warm environment, wearing masks for a long time significantly affected the subjective feelings and physiological reactions of people. After wearing the mask, the personnel feels more hot and humid, the discomfort is significantly increased. At the same time, the mean skin temperature increases, the heart rate increases, and the blood oxygen saturation level decreases, which ultimately leads to a decline in health and comfort levels.

Letter: population mortality from COVID-19 and latitude—data from China

Liu,  N,  Li, et al

Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie

We investigated whether the case fatality rate in each province of China was related to latitude based on the available data.  The Spearman’s rank correlation co-efficient for the two data sets was 0.10 (P = 0.57). Therefore, the coefficient of determination (i.e., R2) was 0.01. Therefore, only 1% of the variance in mortality can be attributed to provinces’ latitude, which is inconsistent with previous studies.

A single center experience in prevention and control of infection risk related to liver transplantation during the COVID-19 outbreak

Liu,  R,  Huo, et al

Chinese Journal of Digestive Surgery

Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

In chinese: : The COVID-19 risk assessment scale has good safety for liver transplant recipients during the COVID-19 outbreak. It is suggested that organ transplantation can be carried out in low-risk recipients and cautiously carried out in recipients of uncertain risk, but organ transplantation should not be carried out in high-risk recipients.

PMC7454691; Clinical and Epidemiological Features of 46 Children <1 Year Old With Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Wuhan, China: A Descriptive Study

Liu,  X,  Tang, et al

J Infect Dis

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques

We collected medical information of 46 confirmed patients (<1 year old) and retrospectively analyzed epidemiological history, clinical symptoms, and laboratory test results. The median age was 5 (interquartile range, 2–7) months. Sixteen cases had fever and 27 cases had cough. Moderate disease was present in 40 cases and cardiac injury occurred in 38 cases, following by liver dysfunction in 20 cases and lymphocytosis in no cases. Of all infant patients, 2 received invasive mechanical ventilation and 1 died with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome.

32853685; The association of diabetes and the prognosis of COVID-19 patients: A retrospective study

Liu,  Z,  Bai, et al

Diabetes research and clinical practice

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques

This study evaluated the impact of previous glycemic control and in-hospital use of antidiabetic/antihypertensive drugs on the prognosis of COVID-19 patients with diabetes. Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, consecutive inpatients with laboratory confirmed COVID-19 were enrolled from Tongji Hospital (Wuhan, China). Patients without diabetes were matched to those with diabetes based on age, sex, and comorbidities. All patients were followed up to a clinical endpoint (discharge, worsening including transferring to ICU or immediate death).  Results:  Patients with diabetes had a higher rate of worsening. Multivariable regression showed increased odds of worsening associated with previous glycemic control reflected by HbA1c and receiver-operating characteristics (ROC) curve identified HbA1c of 8.6% (70 mmol/mol) as the optimal cut-off value. Univariate analysis demonstrated the in-hospital use of antidiabetic/antihypertensive drugs were not associated with a higher risk of worsening.

NeedFull - A tweet analysis platform to study human needs during the COVID-19 pandemic in New York State

Long,  Z,  Alharthi, et al

IEEE Access

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

Governments and municipalities need to understand their citizens' psychological needs in critical times and dangerous situations. COVID-19 brings lots of challenges to deal with. We propose NeedFull, an interactive and scalable tweet analysis platform, to help governments and municipalities to understand residents' real psychological needs during those periods. The platform mainly consists of four parts: data collection module, data storage module, data analysis module and data visualization module. The four parts interact with each other and provide users with a thorough human needs analysis based on their queries. We employed the proposed platform to investigate the reaction of people in New York State to the ongoing worldwide COVID-19 pandemic. © 2013 IEEE.

Impact of lockdown for SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) on surgical site infection rates: a monocentric observational cohort study

Losurdo,  P,  Paiano, et al

Updates Surg

Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

The aim of this study and the primary endpoint is to evaluate how the measures to reduce the SARS-CoV-2 spreading affected the superficial and deep surgical site infection (SSI) rate. A total of 541 patients were included. In COVID-19 era, we reported a lower rate of global SSIs (3.3% vs. 8.4%; p 0.035), few patients developed a superficial SSIs (0.8% vs. 3.4%; p 0.018) and none experienced deep SSIs (0% vs. 3.4%; p 0.025). Comparing the previous two "COVID-19-free" years, no significative differences were reported. At multivariate analysis, the measures to reduce the SARS-CoV-2 spread (OR 0.368; p 0.05) were independently associated with the reduction for total, superficial and deep SSIs. Moreover, the presence of drains (OR 4.99; p 0.009) and a Type III-IV of SWC (OR 1.8; p 0.001) demonstrated a worse effect regarding the primary endpoint. Furthermore, the presence of the drain was not associated with an increased risk of superficial and deep SSIs.

Network analysis and disease subnets for the SARS-CoV-2/Human interactome

Luna,  Beatriz,  Ramirez, et al

arXiv

Coronavirology| Coronavirologie

With the aim to amplify and make sense of interactions of virus-human proteins in the case of SARS-CoV-2, we performed a structural analysis of the network of protein interactions obtained from the integration of three sources: 1) proteins of virus SARS-CoV-2, 2) physical interactions between SARS-CoV-2 and human proteins, 3) known interactions of these human proteins between them and the dossier of affections in which these proteins are implicated. As a product of this research, we present two networks, one from the interactions virus-host, and the other restricted to host-host, the last one is not usually considered for network analysis. Using the constructed networks, we establish the more significant diseases corresponding with human proteins and their connections with other proteins. It is relevant that the identified diseases coincide with comorbidities, particularly the subnetwork of diabetes involves a great quantity of virus and human proteins (56%) and interactions (60%), this could explain the effect of this condition as an important cause of disease complications.

32497798; A follow-up study of recovered patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China

Luo,  S,  Guo, et al

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques

This study retrospectively evaluated the data of the recovered patients with COVID-19 in two different designated fever clinics in Wuhan, and provide clinical information about these patients.

Beyond COVID-19: DO MS/NMO-SD patients treated with anti-CD20 therapies develop SARS-CoV2 antibodies?

Maillart,  E,  Papeix, et al

Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques

Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMO-SD) are often treated with immunosuppressants. Beyond their effect on the risk of COVID-19 infection, the consequences on the long-term immune response against the coronavirus remain unknown. Among 13 MS or NMOSD patients with confirmed COVID-19 included, all 5 patients treated with anti-CD20 therapies had a negative SARS-CoV-2 serology.

32858061; High clinical performance and quantitative assessment of antibody kinetics using a dual recognition assay for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG antibodies

Mairesse,  A,  Favresse, et al

Clinical biochemistry

Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes

This study aims at assessing the analytical and clinical performance of the iFlash® anti-SARS-CoV-2 chemiluminescence assay for the detection of both IgM and IgG antibodies.  The specificity analysis was performed from 75 selected non-SARS-CoV-2 sera with a potential cross-reaction to the SARS-CoV-2 immunoassay. Results: This iFlash® SARS-CoV-2 assay showed excellent analytical performance. After 2 weeks since symptom onset, the sensitivities for IgM and IgG were 62.2% (95%CI: 52.3–71.2%) and 92.9%% (95%CI: 85.7–96.7%), respectively by using the cut-off provided by the manufacturer. After cut-off optimization (i.e. >2.81 for IgM and >4.86 for IgG), the sensitivity for IgM and IgG were 81.6 (95%CI: 72.7–88.1%) and 95.9% (95%CI: 89.4–98.7%), respectively. Optimized cut-off for IgG improved the sensitivity to reach 100% (95%CI: 87.6–100) from 28 days since symptom onset.

Investigating the Effect of Lockdown During COVID-19 on Land Surface Temperature: Study of Dehradun City, India

Maithani,  S,  Nautiyal, et al

Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing

Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique

The present study aims to study the effect of lockdown during COVID-19 on the spatio-temporal land surface temperature (LST) patterns in Dehradun city. It was observed that there was an overall decrease in LST values in Dehradun city in post-COVID lockdown period.

Realistic estimate of the cumulative and instantaneous Covid-19 incidence in France

Malpuech,  Guillaume

arXiv

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie

Based on a simple analysis of the reports of Santé Public France, we show that the real incidence during the second wave of the Covid-19 outbreak is around 60% of the mean positivity of virological tests realized week after week in France. Simulations of the outbreak evolution based on the hypothesis of negligible reinfection probability are performed for France, Ile de France, Puy de Dome and Bouches du Rhone. The incidence peak of 3.5 % is expected at week 39 for France. These values are 4.5 % at week 37 for Ile de France (for which the peak already passed), 4.2 % at weeks 41-42 for Puy de Dome, 7% at week 38 for Bouches du Rhone. The calculated total number of ICU admission and deaths during the second wave are both found around 3000. The cumulative incidence over the two waves is computed close to 50 % for France and 80 % for Ile de France. We conclude that Covid-19 is much more spread than previously thought, but its severity became very limited since the end of the first wave.

Availability of Personal Protective Equipment in NHS Hospitals During COVID-19: A National Survey

Mantelakis,  A,  Spiers, et al

Ann Work Expo Health

Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI) Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

This survey assessed the availability and personal thoughts of healthcare professionals regarding PPE supply in England.  A total of 121 responses from physicians in 35 different hospitals were collected (105 inpatient wards, 16 from intensive care units). In inpatient wards, eye and face protection were unavailable to 19% (20/105). Fluid-resistant surgical masks were available to 97% (102/105) whereas filtering facepiece class 3 (FFP3) respirator for 53% (56/105) of respondents. Gloves were accessible for all respondents (100%). Body protection was available primarily as a plastic apron 84% (88/105). All of respondents working in intensive care had access to full-body PPE, except FFP3 respirators (available in 88%, 14/16). PPE is 'Always' available for 30% (36/121) of all respondents. There was a statistically significant difference between London and non-London respondents that 'Always' had PPE available (44 versus 19%, P = 0.003). The results demonstrated an overall lack of PPE volume supply in the UK hospitals during March 2020, demonstrating a lack of preparedness for a pandemic.

Determinants psychological distress of indonesian health care providers during COVID-19 pandemic

Margaretha,  SEPM,  Effendy, et al

Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy

Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

Aim: to identify determinant factors of psychological distress experienced by health care providers during the Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia

Method:This study was a cross sectional survey. Respondents were taken using the snowball sampling technique. Data analysis used Pearson product moment to determine the influence of variables and multiple linear regression to determine the most dominant factor.

Results: Six hundred and eighty two healthcare providers were involved in this study. There was a relationship between sex (p = 0.001), age (p = 0.028), Health Care Providers (p = 0.014) and workplace (p = 0.08) with anxiety levels and there was no relationship between education (p = 0.063) and marital status (p = 0.213) with anxiety levels. There is a relationship between sex (p = 0.007), Health Care Providers (p = 0.012), and marital status (p = 0.011) with stress levels, there is no relationship between age (p = 0.342), Education (p = 0.096) and workplace (p = 0.19) with stress levels. hypertension (p = 0.731) and alcohol consumption (p = 0.169). there is a relationship between workplace and depression level (p = 0.011) and there is no relationship between sex (p = 0.238), age (p = 0.434), education (p = 0.082), Health Care Providers (p = 0.064) and marital status (p = 0.458) with the level of depression of Health Care Providers. Sex was a dominant factor on anxiety, stress, and depression level and has a Beta value of 0.124 for anxiety, stress level has a Beta value of 0.119.

Conclusion: Gender, Health Care Providers and marital status have a significant relationship with the level of stress of Health Care Providers in Indonesia during the Covid-19 pandemic. The workplace has a significant relationship with the level of depression in Indonesia Health Care Providers during the Covid-19 pandemic. Special attention needs to be paid to health care providers by providing free counseling at each health service venue. Improved facilities and tools to improve security for health care providers.

32619669; Virtual screening based on molecular docking of possible inhibitors of Covid-19 main protease

Marinho,  EM,  Batista de Andrade Neto, et al

Microbial pathogenesis

Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique

this study aimed to evaluate in silico the molecular interactions of drugs with therapeutic indications for treatment of COVID-19 (Azithromycin, Baricitinib and Hydroxychloroquine) and drugs with similar structures (Chloroquine, Quinacrine and Ruxolitinib) in docking models from the SARS-CoV-2 main protease (M-pro) protein. The results showed that all inhibitors bound to the same enzyme site, however, these computer simulations are just an initial step for conceiving new projects for the development of antiviral molecules.

Clinical performance of four immunoassays for antibodies to SARS-CoV-2, including a prospective analysis for the diagnosis of COVID-19 in a real-life routine care setting

Marlet,  J,  Petillon, et al

Journal of Clinical Virology

Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical performance of four SARS-CoV-2 immunoassays and their contribution in routine care for the diagnosis of COVID-19.  The specificity was 92.1 %, 98.9 %, 100 % and 98.9 % and the sensitivity 14 days after onset of symptoms was 95.6 %, 95.6 %, 97.8 % and 95.6 % for Euroimmun IgG, Abbott IgG, Wantai Ab, and DiaPro IgG confirmation SARS-CoV-2 immunoassays, respectively. The low specificity of Euroimmun IgG (for ratio <5) was not confirmed in routine care setting (98.5 % negative agreement). Serology was complementary to RT-PCR in routine care and lead to identification of false positive (Ct>38, <2 targets detected) and false negative RT-PCR results (>1 month post onset of symptoms).

PMC7477607; Subjective wellbeing and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: Data from three population groups in Colombia

Martínez,  L,  Valencia, et al

Data Brief

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

This paper presents three data sets about the consequences of COVID-19 pandemic on mental health and subjective wellbeing in Colombia for three population subgroups: adults (+18 years old), college students, and informal workers. The data was gathered using three different online surveys in Colombia, South America.  The surveys aims at informing policymakers and academics about the consequences of COVID-19 in the wellbeing of three population groups. The information of this report aims at contributing to a broader discussion, beyond the epidemiological side, of the consequences of the pandemic on the population health.

Incidental discovery of anomalous left coronary artery arising from the pulmonary artery in a coronavirus disease-2019 patient: A blessing in disguise

Masood,  G,  Rizwan, et al

Journal of the Saudi Heart Association

Clinical data| Données cliniques

We describe a patient with no known pre-existing cardiac condition admitted to our hospital with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and was incidentally found to have Anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA), a serious congenital malformation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of incidentally discovered ALCAPA in a COVID-19 patient and highlights the importance of appropriate investigation of the coronary status by Multidetector Cardiac Computed Tomographic Angiography (MDCCTA).

Social distancing in response to the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) in the United States

Masters,  NB,  Shih, et al

PLoS One

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

In order to reduce the spread of SARS-CoV-2, much of the US was placed under social distancing guidelines during March 2020. We characterized risk perceptions and adherence to social distancing recommendations in March 2020 among US adults aged 18+ in an online survey with age and gender quotas to match the general US population (N = 713). We used multivariable logistic and linear regression to estimate associations between age (by generational cohort) and these outcomes. The median perceived risk of infection with COVID-19 within the next month was 32%, and 65% of individuals were practicing more social distancing than before the outbreak. Baby Boomers had lower perceived risk than Millennials (-10.6%, 95% CI: -16.2%, -5.0%), yet were more frequently social distancing (OR = 1.64; 95%
CI: 1.05, 2.56). Public health outreach should focus on raising compliance with social distancing recommendations, especially among high risk groups. Efforts to address risk perceptions alone may be inadequate.

A low dose heparinized saline protocol is associated with improved duration of arterial line patency in critically ill COVID-19 patients

Maurer,  LR,  Luckhurst, et al

Journal of critical care

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques

Our objective was to examine the safety and efficacy of a low dose heparinized saline (LDHS) arterial line (a-line) patency protocol. Forty-one patients (pre-LDHS) and 30 patients (post-LDHS) were identified. A LDHS protocol was associated with a clinically significant improvement in a-line patency duration in COVID-19 patients, without increased bleeding risk.

Effective Transfer Learning for Identifying Similar Questions: Matching User Questions to COVID-19 FAQs

McCreery,  CH,  Katariya, et al

 

Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

In this paper, the authors show how a double fine-tuning approach of pretraining a neural network on medical question-answer pairs followed by fine-tuning on medical question-question pairs is a particularly useful intermediate task for the ultimate goal of determining medical question similarity. While other pretraining tasks yield an accuracy below 78.7% on this task, this model achieves an accuracy of 82.6% with the same number of training examples, an accuracy of 80.0% with a much smaller training set, and an accuracy of 84.5% when the full corpus of medical question-answer data is used. Also described a currently live system that uses the trained model to match user questions to COVID-related FAQs.

Rehabilitation Levels in COVID-19 Patients Admitted to Intensive Care Requiring Invasive Ventilation: An Observational Study

McWilliams,  D,  Weblin, et al

Ann Am Thorac Soc

Clinical data| Données cliniques Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

This study describes the demographics, clinical status, level of rehabilitation and mobility status at ICU discharge of patients with COVID-19. A total of n=177 patients were identified, of whom n=110 survived to ICU discharge and were included in the subsequent analysis. Whilst on ICU, patients required prolonged periods of mechanical ventilation (mean 19 ± 10 days), most received neuromuscular blockade (90%) and 67% were placed in the prone position on at least one occasion. The mean ± SD time to first mobilise was 14 ± 7 days, with a median MMS at ICU discharge of 5 (interquartile range: 4-6), which represents participants able to stand and step round to a chair with or without assistance. Time to mobilise was significantly longer in those with higher BMI (p<0.001), whilst older patients (p=0.012) and those with more comorbidities (p=0.017) were more likely to require further rehabilitation post-discharge.

Geographical variations in COVID-19 perceptions and patient management: a national survey of rheumatologists

Mehta,  B,  Jannat-Khah, et al

Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism

Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

The objective of this study was to investigate the perceptions and behaviors of rheumatologists in the United States (US) regarding the risk of COVID-19 for their autoimmune patients and the subsequent management of immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory medications. In this national sample of rheumatologists, there are variations regarding perceptions of patients’ risk of COVID-19, and how to manage medications such as NSAIDs, biologics and steroids during the pandemic. These variations are more pronounced in geographical areas where COVID-19 disease burden was high.

Early Stage Machine Learning-Based Prediction of US County Vulnerability to the COVID-19 Pandemic: Machine Learning Approach

Mehta,  M,  Julaiti, et al

JMIR Public Health Surveill

Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie

The aim of this study is to develop county-level prediction around near future disease movement for COVID-19 occurrences using publicly available data. The model predictions showed a sensitivity over 71% and specificity over 94% for models built using data from March 14 to 31, 2020. We found that population, population density, percentage of people aged >70 years, and prevalence of comorbidities play an important role in predicting COVID-19 occurrences. We observed a positive association at the county level between urbanicity and vulnerability to COVID-19.

Can CT performed in the early disease phase predict outcome of patients with COVID 19 pneumonia? Analysis of a cohort of 64 patients from Germany

Meiler,  S,  Schaible, et al

European Journal of Radiology

Clinical data| Données cliniques

The aim of this study was to investigate if CT performed in the early disease phase can predict the course of COVID-19 pneumonia in a German cohort. 64 patients were included in the study. By univariable analysis the following parameters predicted a negative outcome: consolidation (p = 0.034), crazy paving (p = 0.004), geographic shape of opacification (p = 0.022), dilatation of bronchi (p = 0.002), air bronchogram (p = 0.013), vessel enlargement (p = 0.014), pleural effusion (p = 0.05), bilateral disease (p = 0.004), involvement of the upper lobes (p = 0.004, p = 0.015) or the right middle lobe (p < 0.001) and severe extent of opacifications (p = 0.002). Multivariable analysis revealed crazy paving and severe extent of parenchymal involvement to be independently predictive for a poor outcome. Easy to assess CT features in the early phase of disease independently predicted an adverse outcome of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia.

PMC7454736; Virucidal Efficacy of Different Oral Rinses Against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2

Meister,  TL,  Brüggemann, et al

J Infect Dis

Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI)

Here, we evaluated the virucidal activity of different available oral rinses against SARS-CoV-2 under conditions mimicking nasopharyngeal secretions. Several formulations with significant SARS-CoV-2 inactivating properties in vitro support the idea that oral rinsing might reduce the viral load of saliva and could thus lower the transmission of SARS-CoV-2.

PMC7467014; Tocilizumab for severe COVID-19 related illness - A community academic medical center experience

Meleveedu,  KS,  Miskovsky, et al

Cytokine X

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques

We sought to describe outcomes in a series of severely ill patients with COVID-19 CRS following treatment with anti-IL-6/IL-6-Receptor (anti-IL-6/IL-6-R) therapy, including tocilizumab or siltuximab. At our academic community medical center, we formed a multi-disciplinary committee for selecting severely ill COVID-19 patients for therapy with anti-IL-6 or IL-6-R agents.  we treated 31 patients with anti-IL-6/IL-6-R agents including 12 who had already been intubated. Overall, 27 (87%) patients are alive and 24 (77%) have been discharged from the hospital. Clinical responses to anti-IL-6/IL-6-R therapy were accompanied by significant decreases in temperature, oxygen requirement, CRP, IL-6, and IL-10 levels. Based on these data, we believe anti-IL-6/IL-6-R therapy can be effective in managing early CRS related to COVID-19 disease.

SARS-CoV-2 and the safety margins of cell-based biological medicinal products

Modrof,  J,  Kerschbaum, et al

Biologicals

Coronavirology| Coronavirologie

This study investigated four widely used biomanufacturing cell lines, i.e. CHO and Vero, as well as the two human cell lines HEK-293 and HT- 1080, for their susceptibility to infection with SARS-CoV-2. Permissiveness for proliferation of SARS-CoV-2 was confirmed for Vero cells, but was absent for CHO, HT-1080 and MRC-5 cells. HEK-293 cells did not show productive amplification of SARS-CoV-2 although some minimal and self-limiting replication may be possible. lls, no “si-lent” infection of SARS-CoV-2 did occur, i.e. virus replication but no development of detectable CPE, as a “silent” virus replication would have been detected by the titration of supernatants on Vero cells

Awareness on the possible role of ayurveda as an immunity booster in the covid19 pandemic

Mohamed Arsaath,  N,  Gheena, et al

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

This study was carried out to analyse the awareness of people on Ayurveda being a possible option for boosting our immunity. An online survey was conducted with a self-structured questionnaire using an online survey platform google forms. A total of 100 responses were received. The responses recorded from the participants showed that the participants possess adequate knowledge about the covid19 infection, and they possess sufficient awareness of the possible role of Ayurveda on boosting immunity against covid19. 83.9% of the respondents are aware of the pandemic outbreak covid19, and among them, 59.5% believe that Ayurveda plays a role in boosting immunity against covid19. Around 50% of the participants believe herbs used in Ayurveda are potential inhibitors against covid19.

PMC7386312; On the dynamical modeling of COVID-19 involving Atangana-Baleanu fractional derivative and based on Daubechies framelet simulations

Mohammad,  M,  Trounev, et al

Chaos Solitons Fractals

Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Transmission

Many scientists proposed new models to best describe the dynamics of all possible parameters responsible for the daily cases reported including deaths, control the fatality rate, and prediction of COVID-19 behavior in future within a specific region. It is known that several models can describe the same system, which is a challenging step. In this paper we intend to formulate a new mathematical model of Corona virus based on the model presented in Ndaïrou et al. [11] based on ABFD. The numerical method simulation is conducted via the framelet system generated using Daubechies scaling functions.

Automatic computer aided diagnostic for COVID-19 based on chest X-Ray image and particle swarm intelligence

Mohammed,  SN,  Alkinani, et al

International Journal of Intelligent Engineering and Systems

Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes

An automated Computer Aided Diagnostic (CAD) system for COVID-19 based on chest X-Ray image analysis is presented in this article. It is designed for COVID-19 recognition from other MERS, SARS, and ARDS viral pneumonia. The optimal threshold value for the segmentation of a chest image is deduced by exploiting Li s' method and particle swarm intelligence. Laws' masks are then applied to the segmented chest image for secondary characteristics highlighting. After that, nine different vectors of attributes are extracted from the Grey Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) representation of each Law's mask result. Support vector machine ensemble models are then built based on the extracted feature vectors. Finally, a weighted voting method is utilized to combine the decisions of ensemble classifiers. Experimental findings show an accuracy of 98.04 %. It indicates that the suggested CAD scheme can be a promising supplementary COVID-19 diagnostic tool for clinical doctors.

32866645; Interferon gamma, TGF-β1 and RANTES expression in upper airway samples from SARS-CoV-2 infected patients

Montalvo Villalba,  MC,  Valdés Ramírez, et al

Clinical Immunology

Clinical data| Données cliniques

Twenty healthy persons, SARS-CoV-2 negative were included as controls. Higher IFN-γ expression was detected in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients in comparison with controls (p = 0.0393). IFN-γ expression was increased in symptomatic patients (p = 0.0405). TGF-β1 and RANTES expressions were lower in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients than controls (p < 0.0001; p = 0.0011, respectively). A significant correlation between IFN-γ and TGF-β1 was observed in SARS-CoV-2 asymptomatic patients (r = +0.61, p = 0.0014). The findings suggest that imbalance between IFN-γ and TGF-β1 expression could be an impact in clinical expression of SARS-CoV-2 infection

Community seroprevalence of COVID-19 in probable and possible cases at primary health care centres in Spain

Montenegro,  P,  Brotons, et al

Fam Pract

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Immunology | Immunologie

We aim to measure the seroprevalence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 infection in a community sample of possible cases and among probable cases followed in primary care. We selected a random sample of 600 individuals stratified by age groups from a total population of 19 899 individuals from a community area in Barcelona. We also invited all the patients that had been followed by General Practitioners (GPs). Three hundred and eleven asymptomatic individuals from the randomly selected sample participated in the study. The mean age was 43.7 years standard deviation (SD) = 21.79] and 55% were women. Seventeen individuals were seropositive for IgM and/or IgG, resulting in an overall prevalence of 5.47% (95% confidence interval = 3.44-8.58). Six hundred and thirty-four symptomatic patients were followed up by GPs. The mean age was 46.97 years (SD = 20.05) and 57.73% were women. Of these, 244 patients (38.49%) were seropositive. Results of the multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the odds ratio for a positive test was significantly increased in patients who had fever, ageusia and contact with a patient diagnosed with COVID-19.

Brief report - “Every little thing gonna be all right” (at least for me): Dispositional optimists display higher optimistic bias for infection during the Italian COVID-19 outbreak

Monzani,  D,  Gorini, et al

Personality and Individual Differences

Public Health Priorities| Priorités de santé publique Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

In the present study, we focused on the relationship between dispositional optimism (DO) and optimistic bias (OB) when reporting the personal and the other persons' risk about COVID-19. A convenience sample of 414 Italian participants aged 18 or older were recruited. They completed a questionnaire investigating past protective behaviors, DO, perceived personal and other persons' COVID-19-related risk. Results of the mixed regression model showed that more optimistic people were more likely to underestimate their COVID-19 personal risk over the other's person risk.

Clinical Characteristics and Mortality Predictors of COVID-19 Patients Hospitalized at Nationally-Designated Treatment Hospitals

Moon,  SS,  Lee, et al

J Korean Med Sci

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques

In Korea, a religious group-related super-spreading event triggered a sudden outbreak in Daegu city and Gyeongsangbuk-do in southeast Korea. This study was undertaken to document the clinical characteristics of patients hospitalized in Gyeongsangbuk-do. The most common symptom was cough (31.8%) followed by a febrile sensation (28.4%), sputum (17.0%), sore throat (15.6%), and myalgia (13.1%). Eighty-one (23.0%) patients were asymptomatic, but a half of these patients exhibited pneumonic infiltration at presentation. Chest radiology showed no active lesion in 41.8% of the study subjects, bilateral pneumonia in 46.9%, and unilateral pneumonic infiltration in 11.4%. Among 24 patients that died, 18 subjects were transferred from a care facility. An age of ≥ 70 years, previous history of malignancy or diabetes, and fever (≥ 37.5°C) on admission were found to be significant risk factors of mortality

Interfering with mrna methylation by the 2′ o-methyltransferase (Nsp16) from sars-cov-2 to tackle the covid-19 disease

Morales,  P,  Curtis, et al

Catalysts

Coronavirology| Coronavirologie

NSP16 is a S-adenosyl-L-Methionine (SAM) dependent 2′ O-Methyltransferase that converts mRNA cap-0 into cap-1 structure to prevent virus detection by cell innate immunity mechanisms. NSP16 methylates the ribose 2′ O-position of the first nucleotide of the mRNA only in the presence of an interacting partner, the protein NSP10. This feature suggests that inhibition of the NSP16 may represent a therapeutic window to treat COVID-19. To test this idea, we performed comparative structural analyses of the NSP16 present in human coronaviruses and developed a sinefungin (SFG) similarity-based virtual screening campaign to assess the druggability of the SARS-CoV-2 NSP16 enzyme. Through these studies, we identified the SFG analogue 44601604 as a promising more potent inhibitor of NSP16 to limit viral replication in infected cells, favouring viral clearance.

Moderate or Severe Impairment in Pulmonary Function is Associated with Mortality in Sarcoidosis Patients Infected with SARS‑CoV‑2

Morgenthau,  AS,  Levin, et al

Lung

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques

We investigate whether sarcoidosis patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 are at risk for adverse disease outcomes. This retrospective study was conducted in five hospitals within the Mount Sinai Health System (New York) during March 1, 2020 to July 29, 2020. All patients diagnosed with COVID-19 were included in the study. Moderate or severe impairment in pulmonary function is associated with mortality in sarcoidosis patients infected with SARS‑CoV‑2.

Standard headache and neuralgia treatments and SARS-CoV-2: opinion of the Spanish Society of Neurology's Headache Study Group

Morollón,  N,  Belvís, et al

Neurologia

Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

We collected information on the opinions of scientific societies and medicines agencies (American, European, and Spanish) to clarify doubts regarding the use of drugs such as lisinopril, candesartan, ibuprofen, corticosteroids, carbamazepine, and monoclonal antibodies targeting the calcitonin gene–related peptide in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. At present, there is no robust scientific argument to formally contraindicate any of the standard treatments employed for headaches and neuralgias.

Acute chest syndrome in the setting of SARS-COV-2 infections—A case series at an urban medical center in the Bronx

Morrone,  KA,  Strumph, et al

Pediatric Blood and Cancer

Clinical data| Données cliniques

New York City has emerged as one of the epicenters of the SARS-COV-2 pandemic, with the Bronx being disproportionately affected. This novel coronavirus has caused significant respiratory manifestations raising the concern for development of acute chest syndrome (ACS) in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). We report a series of pediatric SCD SARS-COV-2-positive patients admitted with ACS. SARS-COV-2-positive SCD patients, who did not develop ACS, were the comparison group. Hydroxyurea use (P-value =.02) and lower absolute monocyte counts (P-value =.04) were noted in patients who did not develop ACS. These preliminary findings need to be further evaluated in larger cohorts. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC

The Role of Meeting Applications in Improving Student Productivity and Health Management amid Corona Virus Pandemic

Mujahidin,  E,  Bahruddin, et al

Yakugaku Zasshi

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

The purpose of this study is to look at the role of meeting zoom applications in improving productivity and health management of students in the midst of the corona or covid-19 virus pandemic in Bogor City. The study was conducted with a study population of 260 and a sample selection of 160 students spreading across several universities. The results showed that: (1) The use of meeting applications such as zoom can increase student productivity so that insight and space can be free. (2) The use of meeting applications such as zoom used by students can narrow the spread of the corona virus because students minimize outdoor activities. (3) The role of meeting applications using zoom emphasizes cost, energy and time but does not reduce the essence of science obtained by a student. Even students can conduct a deeper study of the science. The results showed that the use of the meeting zoom application has a positive influence on productivity with the Sobel test results of 0.087 with a p value of 0.072.

Outcome of early-stage combination treatment with favipiravir and methylprednisolone for severe COVID-19 pneumonia: A report of 11 cases

Murohashi,  K,  Hagiwara, et al

Respiratory Investigation

Clinical data| Données cliniques

Here, we report the successful treatment of 11 cases of severe COVID-19 pneumonia with favipiravir and methylprednisolone. All cases were severe and patients required oxygen administration or had a blood oxygen saturation ≤93% on room air. 10 of 11 patients responded well and required no further oxygen supplementation or ventilator management.

Covid19: Unless one gets everyone to act, policies may be ineffective or even backfire

Muscillo,  A,  Pin, et al

PLoS One

Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique

The diffusion of Covid-19 has called governments and public health authorities to interventions aiming at limiting new infections and containing the expected number of critical cases and deaths. Most of these measures rely on the compliance of people, who are asked to reduce their social contacts to a minimum. In this note we argue that individuals' adherence to prescriptions and reduction of social activity may not be efficacious if not implemented robustly on all social groups, especially on those characterized by intense mixing patterns. Actually, it is possible that, if those who have many contacts have reduced them proportionally less than those who have few, then the effect of a policy could have backfired: the disease has taken more time to die out, up to the point that it has become endemic. In a nutshell, unless one gets everyone to act, and specifically those who have more contacts, a policy may even be counterproductive.

Anticoagulation and bleeding risk in patients with COVID-19

Musoke,  N,  Lo, et al

Thrombosis research

Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique

Single center retrospective analysis of 355 adult patients with confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 from March 1 to May 31, 2020.
Results: Major bleeding is associated with use of therapeutic anticoagulation in COVID-19. Therapeutic anticoagulation has shown higher mortality and major bleeding trends. Risks and benefits of anticoagulation in COVID-19 should be weighed cautiously.

Effect of COVID-19 virus on reducing GHG emission and increasing energy generated by renewable energy sources: A brief study in Malaysian context

Naderipour,  A,  Abdul-Malek, et al

Environmental Technology and Innovation

Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique

This study aims to show the potential positive effects of COVID-19 on the environment and the increase of renewable energy generation in Malaysia. To prevent the spread of this disease, Malaysia enacted the Movement Control Order (MCO) law in March 2020. Implementation of this law led to a reduction in environmental pollution, especially air pollution, in this country. The greenhouse gases (GHG) emission, which was 8 Mt CO2 eq. from January 2020 to March 2020, reduced to <1 Mt CO2 eq. for April and May. The reduction of GHG emission and pollutant gases allowed more sunlight to reach photovoltaic panels, hence increasing the renewable energy generation.

Engineering students' readiness to transition to emergency online learning in response to COVID-19: Case of Qatar

Naji,  KK,  Du, et al

Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

This study examined engineering students' initial readiness to transition to emergency online learning in response to COVID-19 in Qatar.  Sequential explanatory mixed-method research was conducted, with 140 participants completing an online survey, of which 68 also contributed written reflections and 8 participated in semi-structured interviews.  The qualitative outcomes supported the four factors and provided further insight into their varied and nuanced manifestation. In accounting for the perceived impact of the factors on readiness, significant differences were identified regarding pedagogical mode, with students enrolled in PBL courses reporting higher readiness than those from non-PBL courses.

32885777; COVID-19 outbreaks in a transmission control scenario: challenges posed by social and leisure activities, and for workers in vulnerable conditions, Spain, early summer 2020

national,  Covid-outbreak monitoring group,  National, et al

Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie

For the purpose of this study, we also took into account four outbreaks that had been notified end of May 2020, just before the official adjustment of the national strategy. Including these, from approximately mid-June up to 2 August (end of week 31), a total of 673 COVID-19 outbreaks affecting more than 8,300 persons had been notified to the national level in Spain. Of these, 551 outbreaks with more than 6,200 cases, were active on 2 August. At that point, all but one Spanish region had notified outbreaks. The analysis of outbreaks with date of onset of symptoms of the first case after 1 June showed that their numbers increased during June and mid-July.

Disease control as an optimization problem

Navascues,  Miguel,  Budroni, et al

arXiv

Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique

Traditionally, expert epidemiologists devise policies for disease control through a mixture of intuition and brute force. Namely, they use their know-how to narrow down the set of logically conceivable policies to a small family described by a few parameters, following which they conduct a grid search to identify the optimal policy within the set. This scheme is not scalable, in the sense that, when used to optimize over policies which depend on many parameters, it would likely fail to output an optimal disease policy in time for its implementation. In this article, we use techniques from convex optimization theory and machine learning to conduct optimizations over disease policies described by hundreds of parameters. We illustrate our approach by minimizing the total time required to eradicate COVID-19 within the Susceptible-Exposed-Infected-Recovered (SEIR) model proposed by Kissler et al. (March, 2020). We observe that optimal policies are typically very complex, and thus unlikely to be discovered by a human agent.

Excessive Media Consumption About COVID-19 is Associated With Increased State Anxiety: Outcomes of a Large Online Survey in Russia

Nekliudov,  NA,  Blyuss, et al

J Med Internet Res

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

This study aims to evaluate confidence, understanding, trust, concerns, and levels of anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic in the general population and assess risk factors for increased anxiety. Among Russian respondents from multiple social media platforms, there was evidence of higher levels of state anxiety associated with recent job loss and increased news consumption, as well as lower than expected trust in government agencies.

32669322; AKI in Hospitalized Patients with and without COVID-19: A Comparison Study

Neugarten,  J,  Bellin, et al

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques

In a retrospective observational study, we evaluated AKI incidence, risk factors, and outcomes for 3345 adults with COVID-19 and 1265 without COVID-19 who were hospitalized in a large New York City health system and compared them with a historical cohort of 9859 individuals hospitalized a year earlier in the same health system. We found higher AKI incidence among patients with COVID-19 compared with the historical cohort (56.9% versus 25.1%, respectively). Factors that were predictive of stage 2 or 3 AKI included initial respiratory rate, white blood cell count, neutrophil/ lymphocyte ratio, and lactate dehydrogenase level.

PMC7475731; Survey data of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, Tuberculosis patients characteristics and stress resilience during COVID-19 pandemic in West Sumatera Province, Indonesia

Nindrea,  RD,  Sari, et al

Data Brief

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

This set of data presents a survey data describing multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, tuberculosis patients characteristics and stress resilience during COVID-19 pandemic in West Sumatera Province, Indonesia. The data were gathered from multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, tuberculosis patients through a survey distributed by an online questionnaire, assesing patients characteristics (age, sex, level of education, working status, history of close contact to patients with multidrug resistant tuberculosis and tuberculosis, smoking, alcohol consumption, cavitary pulmonary, diabetes mellitus, nutritional status and tuberculosis outside the lung) and stress resilience (3 items), from 15th July until 7th August 2020. The samples were collected 73 multidrug resistant tuberculosis patients and 219 tuberculosis patients in West Sumatera Province, Indonesia who were willing to fill an online questionnaire.

Impact of the COVID-19 epidemic at a high-volume facility in gynecological oncology in Tokyo, Japan: a single-center experience

Nogami,  Y,  Kobayashi, et al

J Ovarian Res

Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

During the epidemic phase of an emerging infectious disease, we found that COVID-19 has several other effects besides its incidence. Two asymptomatic RT-PCR-positive patients did not develop COVID-19, but their treatment was delayed until the confirmation of negative results. The other three patients were RT-PCR-negative, but abnormal CT findings suggested the possibility of COVID-19, which delayed treatment. The patients receiving first-line preoperative chemotherapy for ovarian cancer had clinically evident exacerbations because of the treatment delay. The postponing treatment was the most common, therefore, treatment of ovarian tumors and ovarian cancer was considered to be the most likely to be affected among gynecological diseases.

Analysis of ACE2 genetic variants in 131 Italian SARS-CoV-2-positive patients

Novelli,  A,  Biancolella, et al

Hum Genomics

Coronavirology| Coronavirologie

Authors analyzed, by whole-exome sequencing, genetic variants of ACE2 gene in 131 DNA samples of COVID-19 patients hospitalized at Tor Vergata University Hospital and at Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Rome.
Results suggest that there is no strong evidence, in our cohort, of consistent association of ACE2 variants with COVID-19 severity.

32860817; High rates of SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity in nursing home residents

Nsn,  G,  C, et al

Journal of Infection

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Immunology | Immunologie

During March-April 2020 we investigated outbreaks in four UK nursing homes where 40% of 394 residents tested positive on RT-PCR, of whom 43% had no identifiable symptoms in the preceding two week period. Seventy two percent of nursing home residents (95% CI 66 – 77) were anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody positive, representing 173 of 241 residents available and consenting to testing. Of residents who had previously tested positive by RT-PCR, 93% had developed antibodies (95% CI 85 – 96; 87 of 94) and 59% of those who were previously RT-PCR negative were antibody positive (95% CI 50 – 66, 86 of 147).35% of antibody positive residents (95% CI 29 – 43, 62 of 173) had been asymptomatic in the two-week ascertainment window prior to PCR testing during the outbreak. Seropositivity was not associated with the presence of comorbidities.

Co-diagnoses of acute myeloid leukaemia and COVID-19: presentation and management implications

O'Brien,  A,  Campling, et al

Respirology Case Reports

Clinical data| Données cliniques

We report a case of concurrent new diagnoses of confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). We review the existing literature on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the immunocompromised patient and the implications for managing our patient's haematological neoplasm.

Co-diagnoses of acute myeloid leukaemia and COVID-19: presentation and management implications

O'Brien,  A,  Campling, et al

Respirology Case Reports

Clinical data| Données cliniques

We report a case of concurrent new diagnoses of confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). We review the existing literature on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the immunocompromised patient and the implications for managing our patient's haematological neoplasm.

Public reactions to the disaster COVID-19: a comparative study in Italy, Lebanon, Portugal, and Serbia

Öcal,  A,  Cvetković, et al

Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

This study aimed to investigate people’s emotional reactions to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Extensive knowledge of COVID-19 was found to trigger more anxiety. Results showed that stress and overall emotional reactions increased with age.

Efl students perspective towards online learning barriers and alternatives using moodle/google classroom during covid-19 pandemic

Octaberlina,  LR,  Muslimin, et al

International Journal of Higher Education

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

The present research depicted the online learning barriers faced by students as well as their alternatives to cope them. The research implemented a descriptive mixed-method survey design. The participants were 25 students from the English Education Department.  The results showed that students experienced three barriers during online learning including unfamiliarity of e-learning, slow internet connection, and physical condition e.g. eye strain. The alternatives they proposed were providing training to implement the LMS before the real class, converting high-definition or big-size files into smaller ones, and giving break during the online class. The conclusion stated that students had to be creatives to find any solutions and innovations regarding learning barriers including maintaining good communication with teacher and understanding the best learning styles individually.

One COVID, Three Americas: Dynamic Panel Surveillance to Inform Health Policy

Oehmke,  JF,  Moss, et al

J Med Internet Res

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie

This surveillance study applies state-of-the-art statistical modeling to existing data extracted from the internet state government tallies of Covid infections to calculate the best available estimates of the state-level dynamics of Covid-19 infection. The results indicate 1) that the statistical approach is valid, including for determining recent changes in the pattern of infection, and 2) during the weeks of June 13th -19th and 20th-26th the evolution of the pandemic changed with greater inter-temporal persistence of the infection rate. This change represents an increase in the contagion model R value for those periods, and is consistent with a reemergence of the pandemic.

Ambroxol Hydrochloride Inhibits the Interaction between Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Spike Protein's Receptor Binding Domain and Recombinant Human ACE2

Olaleye,  OmonikeA,  Kaur, et al

bioRxiv

Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique

Herein, we discovered that Ambroxol hydrochloride (AMB), and its progenitor, Bromhexine hydrochloride (BHH), both clinically approved drugs are potent effective modulators of the key interaction between the receptor binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and human ACE2. We also found that both compounds inhibited SARS-CoV-2 infection-induced cytopathic effect at micromolar concentrations. Therefore, in addition to the known TMPRSS2 activity of BHH; we report for the first time that the BHH and AMB pharmacophore has the capacity to target and modulate yet another key protein-protein interaction essential for the two known SARS-CoV-2 entry pathways into host cells. Altogether, the potent efficacy, excellent safety and pharmacologic profile of both drugs along with their affordability and availability, makes them promising candidates for drug repurposing as possible prophylactic and/or treatment options against SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Simulations support the interaction of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein with nicotinic acetylcholine receptors

Oliveira,  Ana Sofia,  Ibarra, et al

bioRxiv

Coronavirology| Coronavirologie

Here, we use molecular simulations of validated atomically detailed structures of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), and of the S protein, to investigate this "nicotinic hypothesis". We examine the binding of the Y674-R685 loop of the S protein to three nAChRs, namely the human α4β2 and α7 subtypes and the muscle-like αβγδ receptor from Tetronarce californica. Our results indicate that Y674-R685 has affinity for nAChRs and the region responsible for binding contains the PRRA motif, a four-residue insertion not found in other SARS-like coronaviruses. In particular, R682 has a key role in the stabilisation of the complexes as it forms interactions with loops A, B and C in the receptors binding pocket. The conformational behaviour of the bound Y674-R685 region is highly dependent on the receptor subtype, adopting extended conformations in the α4β2 and α7 complexes and more compact ones when bound to the muscle-like receptor. Analyses of the simulations of the full-length S protein show that the Y674-R685 region is accessible for binding, and suggest a potential binding orientation of the S protein with nAChRs.

COVID-19 Related Mobility Reduction: Heterogenous Effects on Sleep and Physical Activity Rhythms

Ong,  JL,  Lau, et al

Sleep

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

We characterize how COVID-19 associated mobility restrictions shifted sleep and physical activity patterns from previously established baselines using objective, longitudinal measurements. Time in bed increased by 20 min during the lockdown without loss of sleep efficiency, while social jetlag measures decreased by 15 min. Physical activity dropped an average of 42%. The least active group comprising ~51% of the sample, were younger and predominantly singles.

32779378; Dupilumab in atopic dermatitis, a protocol for SARS-COV-2-infected patients

Ordóñez-Rubiano,  MF,  Campo, et al

Dermatologic Therapy

Clinical data| Données cliniques

Case report of a 22 year old male nurse with atopic dermatitis and was diagnosed with asymptomative SARS-CoV-2.

Impact on city bus transit services of the COVID-19 lockdown and return to the new normal: The case of A Coruña (Spain)

Orro,  A,  Novales, et al

Sustainability (Switzerland)

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

This study analyzes the changes in transit ridership by line, the use of stops, the main origin–destination flows, changes in transit supply, operation time, and reliability of the city bus network of A Coruña. The impact on transit ridership during the lockdown process was more significant than that on general traffic. In the new normal situation, the general traffic and the shared bike system recovered a higher percentage of their previous use than the bus system. These impacts are not uniform across the bus network.

Dynamic changes in fibrinogen and D-dimer levels in COVID-19 patients on nafamostat mesylate

Osawa,  I,  Okamoto, et al

J Thromb Thrombolysis

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques

we retrospectively conducted a cluster analysis based on clinical characteristics on admission to identify latent subgroups among fifteen patients with COVID-19 on nafamostat mesylate at the University of Tokyo Hospital, Japan, between April 6 and May 31, 2020. Next, we delineated the characteristics of all patients as well as COVID-19-patient subgroups and compared dynamic changes in coagulation factors among each subgroup. All COVID-19 patients were classified into three subgroups: clusters A, B, and C, representing low, intermediate, and high risk of poor outcomes, respectively. All patients were alive 30 days from symptom onset. No patient in cluster A required mechanical ventilation; however, all patients in cluster C required mechanical ventilation, and half of them were treated with venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. All patients in cluster A maintained low D-dimer levels, but some critical patients in clusters B and C showed dynamic changes in fibrinogen and D-dimer levels.

PMC7476899; Episcleritis as a possible presenting sign of the novel coronavirus disease: A case report

Otaif,  W,  Al Somali, et al

Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep

Clinical data| Données cliniques

This case report describes a case of episcleritis that appeared to be the first sign of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in a 29-year-old man with no prior medical condition presented with a complaint of redness and foreign body sensation in his left eye, which started two days before his consultation. A diagnosis of episcleritis was made based on clinical grounds and topical fluorometholone 0.1%. was started. Three days later, the patient presented with headache, shortness of breath, cough, and fever (39.2 °C). Real-time fluorescence polymerase chain reaction test of his nasopharyngeal swab returned a positive result for COVID-19. The patient was then admitted for observation and supportive therapy. After five days, fever, respiratory and ocular symptoms were markedly improved and the patient was discharged and advised to isolate at home for 14 days.

PMC7472981; CVDNet: A novel deep learning architecture for detection of coronavirus (Covid-19) from chest x-ray images

Ouchicha,  C,  Ammor, et al

Chaos Solitons Fractals

Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes

In this paper, we propose CVDNet, a Deep Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model to classify COVID-19 infection from normal and other pneumonia cases using chest X-ray images. The proposed architecture is based on the residual neural network and it is constructed by using two parallel levels with different kernel sizes to capture local and global features of the inputs. This model is trained on a dataset publically available containing a combination of 219 COVID-19, 1341 normal and 1345 viral pneumonia chest x-ray images. The experimental results reveal that our CVDNet. These results represent a promising classification performance on a small dataset which can be further achieve better results with more training data. Overall, our CVDNet model can be an interesting tool to help radiologists in the diagnosis and early detection of COVID-19 cases.

32864352; Covid-19 – The availability of icu beds in Brazil during the onset of pandemic

Palamim,  CVC,  Marson, et al

Annals of Global Health

Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

This study described and intercorrelated epidemiology and geographic data from Brazil about the number of intensive care unit (ICU) beds at the onset of COVID-19 pandemic.  The distribution of ICUs was uneven between public and private services, and most patients rely on ICU beds/10,000 inhabitants for the public (SUS), which had the lowest number of ICU beds. In only a few states, the number of ICU beds at SUS was above 1 to 3 by 10,000 inhabitants, which is the number recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO).

Reconciling early-outbreak estimates of the basic reproductive number and its uncertainty: framework and applications to the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak

Park,  SW,  Bolker, et al

Journal of the Royal Society Interface

Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie

Here, we present a statistical framework for comparing and combining different estimates of R0 across a wide range of models by decomposing the basic reproductive number into three key quantities: the exponential growth rate, the mean generation interval and the generation-interval dispersion. We apply our framework to early estimates of R0 for the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak, showing that many R0 estimates are overly confident. Our results emphasize the importance of propagating uncertainties in all components of R0, including the shape of the generation-interval distribution, in efforts to estimate R0 at the outset of an epidemic.

Venous Thromboembolism Events Following Venovenous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Based on CT Scans

Parzy,  G,  Daviet, et al

Crit Care Med

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques

The main objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of venous thromboembolism events in patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 requiring venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. DESIGN: Retrospective observational analysis at a single center. SETTING: Tertiary referral university teaching hospital. PATIENTS: Patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2-related severe acute respiratory distress syndrome requiring venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation therapy with an injected CT scan performed after extracorporeal membrane oxygenation retrieval. RESULTS:  RESULTS: We included 13 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 patients requiring venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. All of these patients experienced venous thromboembolism: 10 patients (76.9%) had isolated cannula-associated deep vein thrombosis, two patients (15.4%) had isolated pulmonary embolism, and one patient (7.7%) had both cannula-associated deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism.

PMC7480771; Utility of a webinar to educate trainees on UK core surgical training (CST) selection - A cross sectional study and future implications amidst the COVID-19 pandemic

Patel,  NM,  Khajuria, et al

Ann Med Surg (Lond)

Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

This cross-sectional study evaluated the usefulness of a webinar to educate trainees on CST selection in the UK. Most attendees were in Foundation Year 2 (38.7%) and many had not previously attended a webinar as part of CST application preparation (93.7%). Over half of respondents (55.0%) preferred a webinar over a face-to-face tutorial, appreciating the flexibility, convenience and zero financial cost associated. Many candidates received minimal advice on CST application by their Foundation School (47.7%) and 50.5% of respondents rated their confidence on the application process at '3 out of 5.'

Non-permissive SARS-CoV-2 infection of neural cells in the developing human brain and neurospheres

Pedrosa,  CarolinadaSG,  Goto-Silva, et al

bioRxiv

Coronavirology| Coronavirologie

Here, we investigate the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in the brain from an infant patient deceased from COVID-19. The susceptibility to virus infection was compatible with the expression levels of viral receptor ACE2, which is increased in the ChP in comparison to other brain areas. To better comprehend the dynamics of the viral infection in neural cells, we exposed human neurospheres to SARS-CoV-2. Similarly to the human tissue, we found viral RNA in neurospheres, although viral particles in the culture supernatant were not infective. Based on our observations in vivo and in vitro, we hypothesize that SARS-CoV-2 does not generate productive infection in developing neural cells and that infection of ChP weakens the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier allowing viruses, immune cells, and cytokines to access the CNS, causing neural damage in the young brain.

Usefulness of rectal ozonetherapy in a geriatric patient with severe COVID-19 pneumonia

Peña-Lora,  DY,  Albaladejo-Florín, et al

Revista Espanola de Geriatria y Gerontologia

Clinical data| Données cliniques

This case report described an 84-year-old woman admitted for a with a 10-day history of symptoms and diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2. The patient had a lengthy medical history, including several comorbidities. The patient did not improve despite despite treatment according to the clinical guidelines. Rectal ozone therapy was administered and the patient improved.

Potential mechanism underlying the effect of matrine on COVID-19 patients revealed through network pharmacological approaches and molecular docking analysis

Peng,  W,  Xu, et al

Arch Physiol Biochem

Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

This study used TCMSP, SwissTargetPrediction, SEA, GeneCards, CTD, and TTD to identify potential targets for matrine in SARS-CoV-2. Ten common matrine targets were obtained, particularly including TNF-α, IL-6, and CASP3. GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed five significantly enriched signalling pathways involved in cell proliferation, apoptosis, programmed cell death, and immune responses.

Structures of the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid and their perspectives for drug design

Peng,  Y,  Du, et al

Embo j

Coronavirology| Coronavirologie

Nucleocapsid (N) protein, which is the major structural component of the virion and is involved in viral replication, assembly and immune regulation, plays key roles in the viral life cycle. Here, we solved the crystal structures of the N- and C-terminal domains (N-NTD and N-CTD) of SARS-CoV-2 N protein, at 1.8 and 1.5 Å resolution, respectively. Both structures show conserved features from other CoV N proteins. The binding sites targeted by small molecules against HCoV-OC43 and MERS-CoV, which inhibit viral infection by blocking the RNA-binding activity or normal oligomerization of N protein, are relatively conserved in our structure, indicating N protein is a promising drug target. In addition, certain areas of N-NTD and N-CTD display distinct charge distribution patterns in SARS-CoV-2, which may alter the RNA-binding modes.

Reducing risk of infection – The COVID-19 queueing game

Perlman,  Y,  Yechiali, et al

Safety Science

Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique

In this paper, we construct and analyze two special nonclassical multi-server queueing models to control queueing problems generated by social distancing constraints associated with the COVID-19 pandemic such as “Maximum shoppers at store” and “maximum number of customers in checkout area.”  In the first model, store’ management chooses the number of cashiers to provide to minimize its operational costs and its customers’ implied waiting costs based on the number allowed in the store. In the second model, the store partitions its total space into two separate areas – one for shoppers and one for the cashiers and payers – to increase cashiers’ safety. For each model, we derive and analyze the equilibrium strategies in terms of the store’s customer capacity and the number of cashiers.

Organizing a COVID-19 triage unit: a Swiss perspective

Peros,  G,  Gronki, et al

Emerg Microbes Infect

Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

We describe the organizational process in setting up a coronavirus disease 2019 triage unit in a Swiss tertiary care hospital. Methods: Our triage unit was set-up outside of the main hospital building and consists of three areas: 1. Pre-triage, 2. Triage, and 3. Triage plus. The Pre-triage check-points identify any potential COVID-19-infected patients and re-direct them to the main Triage area where trained medical staff screen which patients undergo diagnostic testing. If testing is indicated, nasopharyngeal swabs are performed. If patients require further investigations, they are referred to Triage plus. Observations:  A total of 1265 patients were screened between 10 March 2020 and 12 April 2020 at our Triage unit. Of these, 112 (8.9%) tested positive.

The Deployment and Operation of Outdoor Treatment Tents During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Peterson,  KHJ,  Muckey, et al

Disaster Med Public Health Prep

Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

In order to prepare for the inevitable patient surge, one hospital set up outdoor triage tents to assist with increased volume. Using the paradigm of space, staff, and stuff, an outdoor treatment area was designed and placed into operation. The patient volume in the treatment tents quickly grew with a one-day max volume of 88 patients. Through the end of May 2020, 2,473 patients were seen and evaluated. As COVID-19 continues to spread and new areas of the United States and the world see spikes, it is imperative for the hospitals that previously dealt with a surge to disseminate the best practices they have learned during the pandemic.

A QUALITATIVE STUDY on MENTAL DISTRESS of VIETNAMESE STUDENTS in the U.S.A. In the COVID-19 ERA

Pham,  NC,  Shi, et al

Asia Pacific Journal of Health Management

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

This paper aims to examine how the COVID-19 pandemic affects the mental distress of the Vietnamese students in the USA. This research includes the interviews of 20 Vietnamese students in the USA during the COVID-19 era. The textual analysis showed that the mental distress of these Vietnamese students were caused by limited access to on-campus facilities and activities, limited access to public services including grocery shopping, transportations, clinics, the possibility of being infected, isolated living condition due to the lockdown order, and inability to go back to the home country when wanted. We found that both physical attributes (e.g., living condition, internet difficulty, overwhelmed healthcare system, restricted traveling, lack of personal interaction, limited access to public services) and psychological factors (e.g., anxiety of unfamiliar teaching modality, fear of viral infection, uncertain career aspects, cultural barrier and prejudice) directly led to the mental distress of these students. Moreover, other factors such as turbulent future job markets and potential racism toward Asians in relation with “Chinese virus” may cause the mental distress of these students.

Relationship quality and mental health during COVID-19 lockdown

Pieh,  C,  T, et al

PLoS One

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

This study evaluated differences in several mental health and well-being measures according to relationship quality during the Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) pandemic and related lockdown measures. A cross-sectional online survey was launched four weeks after lockdown measures were implemented in Austria. Relationship quality was measured with the Quality of Marriage Index (QMI), and mental health measures included quality of life (WHO-QOL BREF psychological domain), well-being (WHO-5), depression (PHQ-9), anxiety (GAD-7), stress (PSS-10), and sleep quality (ISI). . In all mental health scales, individuals with good relationship quality (n = 543) scored better than individuals with poor relationship quality (n = 190) or without relationship (n = 272). The odds ratios (OR) between the poor and good relationship quality groups were 3.5 for the PHQ-9, 3.4 for the GAD-7, and 2.0 for the ISI. Additionally, individuals without no relationship scored better on all scales than individuals with poor relationship quality (all p-values < .05). Relationship quality was related to mental health during COVID-19. The prevalence of depressive symptoms increased according to relationship quality from 13% up to 35%. Relationship per se was not associated with better mental health, but the quality of the relationship was essential. Compared to no relationship, a good relationship quality was a protective factor whereas a poor relationship quality was a risk factor.

Coagulation parameters and venous thromboembolism in patients with and without COVID-19 admitted to the Emergency Department for acute respiratory insufficiency

Pizzi,  R,  Gini, et al

Thrombosis research

Clinical data| Données cliniques

Aimed to compare coagulation parameters on admission between COVID-19 patients and non-COVID-19 patients with acute respiratory insufficiency and to describe VTE diagnosed at entry. In this single-centre, observational retrospective study consecutive patients admitted for fever and acute respiratory failure were included. Of 324 patients, 50% had COVID-19. D-dimer was increased in 86.5% COVID19 patients and in 84.9% non-COVID19 patients; mean values were similar (2185 ng/mL and 2814 ng/mL, respectively, p = n.s.) D-dimer levels were similarly increased in patients with and without SARS-CoV 2 related disease.

32791077; Impact of Maternal Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Detection on Breastfeeding Due to Infant Separation at Birth

Popofsky,  S,  Noor, et al

Journal of Pediatrics

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

Of the 160 mother–newborn dyads, 103 mothers were reached by telephone, and 85 consented to participate. There was no significant difference in the predelivery feeding plan between the separated and unseparated dyads (P =.268). Higher rates of breastfeeding were observed in the unseparated dyads compared with the separated dyads both in the hospital (P <.001) and at home (P =.012). Only 2 mothers in each group reported expressed breast milk as the hospital feeding source (5.6% of unseparated vs 4.1% of separated). COVID-19 was more commonly cited as the reason for change in the separated group (49.0% vs 16.7%; P <.001). When the dyads were further stratified by symptom status into 4 groups—asymptomatic separated, asymptomatic unseparated, symptomatic separated, and symptomatic unseparated—the results remained unchanged.

32771645; Thermal treatment of nasopharyngeal samples before cobas SARS-CoV-2 testing

Pryce,  TM,  Boan, et al

Clinical Microbiology and Infection

Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes

Thermal inactivation evaluation: Following implementation of cobas SARS-CoV-2 testing (Roche, Basel, Switzerland), we encountered shortages of GuHCl and personal protective equipment.  As a result of safety concerns and suboptimal recovery of SARS-CoV-2 from culture, our laboratory did not confirm the inactivation efficacy of thermal treatment. However, using standard biosafety level 2 (BSL2) laboratory safety procedures, we continue to use the highest temperature assessed with a time that suits the work flow (75°C for 15 minutes), thereby exceeding a previously published temperature and duration of 70°C for 5 minutes for complete SARS-CoV-2 inactivation in virus transport medium

Construction and validation of UV-C decontamination cabinets for filtering facepiece respirators

Purschke,  M,  Elsamaloty, et al

Applied Optics

Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI)

We present evidence-based design principles for three different UV-C based decontamination systems for N95 filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs) within the context of the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak of 2019–2020. The approaches used here were created with consideration for the needs of low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) and other under-resourced facilities. As such, a particular emphasis is placed on providing cost-effective solutions that can be implemented in short order using generally available components and subsystems. We discuss three optical designs for decontamination chambers, describe experiments verifying design parameters, validate the efficacy of the decontamination for two commonly used N95 FFRs (3M, #1860 and Gerson #1730), and run mechanical and filtration tests that support FFR reuse for at least five decontamination cycles. © 2020 Optical Society of America

Mandated societal lockdown and road traffic accidents

Qureshi,  AI,  Huang, et al

Accident Analysis and Prevention

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

This study examined the effect of mandated societal lockdown to reduce the transmission of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on road traffic accidents.  found that there was a significant reduction in road traffic accidents resulting in minor or no injuries (mean 14.5 versus 10.8, p < 0.0001) but not in accidents resulting in serious or fatal injuries (mean 3.4 versus 3.7, p = 0.42) after mandated societal lockdown. Furthermore, there was a significant reduction in road traffic accidents resulting in minor or no injuries after the mandated social lockdown (parameter estimate -5.9, p = 0.0028) in the time series analysis. There was an increase in road traffic accidents resulting in minor or no injuries after expiration of mandatory societal lockdown (mean 10.8 versus 13.7, p = 0.04).

Neutrophil extracellular traps infiltrate the lung airway, interstitial, and vascular compartments in severe COVID-19

Radermecker,  C,  Detrembleur, et al

J Exp Med

Clinical data| Données cliniques

Here we analyzed postmortem lung specimens from four patients who succumbed to COVID-19 and four patients who died from a COVID-19–unrelated cause. We report the presence of Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in the lungs of each COVID-19 patient. NETs were found in the airway compartment and neutrophil-rich inflammatory areas of the interstitium, while NET-prone primed neutrophils were present in arteriolar microthrombi. Our results support the hypothesis that NETs may represent drivers of severe pulmonary complications of COVID-19 and suggest that NET-targeting approaches could be considered for the treatment of uncontrolled tissue-damaging and thrombotic responses in COVID-19.

Treatment with convalescent plasma in solid organ transplant recipients with COVID-19: Experience at large transplant center in New York City

Rahman,  F,  Liu, et al

Clin Transplant

Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique

Convalescent plasma was administered to hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) at an academic transplant center in New York City.   The median time from symptom onset to plasma infusion was 8 days. Eight of 13 patients (62%) had de-escalating oxygenation support by day 7 post-convalescent plasma. Nine (69%) patients were discharged, 1 (7%) patients remain hospitalized and 3 (23%) patients died. This series supports the need for additional studies on convalescent plasma use in SOT recipients with COVID-19 to better determine efficacy and identify patients who are likely to benefit.

Disruption in Circularity? Impact analysis of COVID-19 on ship recycling using Weibull tonnage estimation and scenario analysis method

Rahman,  SMM,  Kim, et al

Resources, Conservation and Recycling

Economics | Économie

The sustainability of the ship recycling industry strongly linked with the global shipping market and international commodity flows.  Our estimate suggests that about 300 million Gross Tonnage (GT) available for demolition in the next five years and the inability to get them recycled would cost about 20 billion dollars and the loss of many employment oppourtunities. In this study, we apply a scenario analysis technique to understand the impact range of COVID-19 in the short term and in the long term.

Activity of thiazine substituted 9-anilinoacridines against corona virus (Covid19): An in-silico approach

Rajagopal,  K,  Varakumar, et al

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences

Coronavirology| Coronavirologie

In the present article, in-silico studies have been performed to explore the binding modes of Thiazine substituted 9-anilinoacridines (1a-z) against SARS CoV 2 main protease (PDB id-5R82) targeting the coronavirus using Schrodinger suit 2019-4. The molecular docking studies are performed by Glide module, in-silico ADMET screening was performed by Qik prop module, and the binding free energy of ligands was calculated using PRIME MM-GB/SA module of Schrodinger suite 2019-4, Maestro 21.2 version. From the in-silico results, Thiazine substituted 9-anilinoacridines like 1m, 1j, 1s and 1b are significantly active against SARS CoV 2 main protease with Glide score more than-5.4 when compared with the currently recommended drug for COVID19, Hydroxychloroquine (G score-5.47). The docking results of the Thiazine substituted 9-anilinoacridines exhibited similar mode of interactions with COVID19 and the residues GLN19, THR24, THR25, THR26, LEU27, HIE41, SER46, MET49, ASN142, GLN143, HIE164, MET165, ASP187, ARG188 and GLN189, play a crucial role in binding with ligands.

COVID-19 in systemic lupus erythematosus: data from a survey on 417 patients

Ramirez,  GA,  Gerosa, et al

Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

The objective of this study was to acquire information on the impact of COVID-19 in systemic lupus erthyematosus (SLE) patients. The results of this study suggest that during this time, at least 1.2% of patients with SLE had confirmed COVID-19. An additional nine subjects in our cohort were diagnosed with presumed COVID-19 rising this estimation to 3.4%. Changes in daily habits, coping measures, and treatments during the pandemic were also acquired via questionnaire. Fever, anosmia, dry cough, a self-reported history of neuropsychiatric SLE and a recent contact with confirmed COVID-19 cases were more strongly associated with COVID-19, as were symptoms and lower compliance to behavioural preventive measures in patients’ contacts. No protective effect was seen in subjects on hydroxychloroquine.

Medicine and surgery residents' perspectives on the impact of COVID-19 on graduate medical education

Rana,  T,  Hackett, et al

Med Educ Online

Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

Our study aimed to analyze the effects of COVID-19 crisis-related stressors on medical residents’ professional and personal lives. The primary outcome was to determine which factors or resident characteristics were related to stress during the pandemic. Our secondary goals were to examine which resident characteristics were related to survey responses. Anxiety about PPE (P < 0.001), female gender (P = 0.03), and the interaction between female gender and anxiety about PPE (P = 0.04) were significantly related to increased stress during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Genes with 5' terminal oligopyrimidine tracts preferentially escape global suppression of translation by the SARS-CoV-2 NSP1 protein

Rao,  Shilpa,  Hoskins, et al

bioRxiv

Coronavirology| Coronavirologie

Here, using a novel FACS-based assay called MeTAFlow, we report a dose-dependent reduction in both nascent protein synthesis and mRNA abundance in cells expressing NSP1. We perform RNA-Seq and matched ribosome profiling experiments to identify gene-specific changes both at the mRNA expression and translation level. We discover a functionally-coherent subset of human genes preferentially translated in the context of NSP1 expression. These genes include the translation machinery components, RNA binding proteins, and others important for viral pathogenicity. Importantly, we also uncover potential mechanisms of preferential translation through the presence of shared sites for specific RNA binding proteins and a remarkable enrichment for 5′ terminal oligo-pyrimidine tracts. Collectively, the present study suggests fine tuning of host gene expression and translation by NSP1 despite its global repressive effect on host protein synthesis.

Synthesis of exfoliated multilayer graphene and its putative interactions with SARS-CoV-2 virus investigated through computational studies

Raval,  B,  Srivastav, et al

J Biomol Struct Dyn

Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI)

Our work investigates the interaction of synthesized graphene with the SARS-CoV-2 virus using molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation method. he binding energy of graphene towards the virus increased with an increasing number of layers. It shows the highest affinity of −17.5 Kcal/mol in molecular docking while ΔGbinding is in the order of −28.01 ± 0.04 5 Kcal/mol for the seven-layers structure. The increase in carbon layers is associated with an increasing number of edge sp3 –type carbon, providing greater curvature, further increase the surface reactivity responsible for high binding efficiency. The MD simulation data reveals the high inhibition efficiency of the synthesized graphene towards SARS-CoV-2 virus which would help to design future in-vitro studies. The graphene system could find potential applications in personal protective equipment and diagnostic kits.

SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Cancer Patients: A Picture of an Italian Onco-Covid Unit

Reale,  ML,  Bironzo, et al

Frontiers in Oncology

Clinical data| Données cliniques

In this monocentric retrospective study we included all SARS-CoV-2 oncological patients accepted, between March 27th and April 19th 2020, at the Onco-COVID Unit at San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, one of the few Italian oncological-COVID wards. Eighteen cancer patients with COVID-19 were included. The mean (±SD) age of patients was 67 ± 14 years, 89% were men. Seven (39%) developed infection in communities and 11 (61%) during hospitalization. Lung cancer was the most frequent type of cancer (10, 56%). Seven patients (39%) were symptomatic for COVID-19 at the time of diagnosis and symptoms began 2 (±2) days before. The most common were shortness of breath and diarrhea. Fever was present in 5 patients (28%). Among the 11 asymptomatic patients, 8 (73%) became symptomatic during the hospitalization (mean time of symptoms onset 4 days ±4). Six patients (33%) were on active anti-tumor treatment: 2 (33%) received anti-tumor therapy within 2 weeks before the infection diagnosis and 2 (33%) continued oncological treatment after SARS-CoV-2 positivity. Eight (44%) patients died within a mean of 12 days (±8) from the infection diagnosis.

Willingness to Accept Trade-Offs Among COVID-19 Cases, Social-Distancing Restrictions, and Economic Impact: A Nationwide US Study

Reed,  S,  Gonzalez, et al

Value in Health

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

Objective: To conduct a discrete-choice experiment to quantify Americans’ acceptance of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection risks for earlier lifting of social-distancing restrictions and diminishing the pandemic's economic impact.

Methods: We designed a discrete-choice experiment to administer 10 choice questions to each respondent representing experimentally controlled pairs of scenarios defined by when nonessential businesses could reopen (May, July, or October 2020), cumulative percentage of Americans contracting coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) through 2020 (2% to 20%), time for economic recovery (2 to 5 years), and the percentage of US households falling below the poverty threshold (16% to 25%). Respondents were recruited by SurveyHealthcareGlobus.

Results: A total of 5953 adults across all 50 states completed the survey between May 8 and 20, 2020. Latent-class analysis supported a 4-class model. The largest class (36%) represented COVID-19 risk-minimizers, reluctant to accept any increases in COVID-19 risks. About 26% were waiters, strongly preferring to delay reopening nonessential businesses, independent of COVID-19 risk levels. Another 25% represented recovery-supporters, primarily concerned about time required for economic recovery. This group would accept COVID-19 risks as high as 16% (95% CI: 13%-19%) to shorten economic recovery from 3 to 2 years. The final openers class prioritized lifting social distancing restrictions, accepting of COVID-19 risks greater than 20% to open in May rather than July or October. Political affiliation, race, household income, and employment status were all associated with class membership (P<.01).

Sehverlust nach assistierter mechanischer Beatmung aufgrund von SARS-CoV-2 - Eine Fallserie

Reich,  M,  Pauleikhoff, et al

Deutsches Arzteblatt International

Clinical data| Données cliniques

case serie of neuroretinal damage in three patients after assisted mechanical ventilation due to SARS-CoV-2.

Evaluation of a patient self-stratification methodology to identify those in need of shielding during COVID-19

Reilly,  E,  Skeoch, et al

Clin Med (Lond)

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

The logistical challenges of rapidly and accurately identifying those patients who needed to shield during the COVID-19 pandemic were unprecedented. We report our experiences of meeting this challenge for >9,000 patients with rheumatic and musculoskeletal disease at our centre, incorporating an element of guided patient self-stratification. Our results indicate that patients are able to stratify their own risk accurately using the BSR COVID-19 risk stratification guidance.

Knowledge and awareness on the impact of covid-19 on global wealth-a survey

Rieshy,  V,  Gayatri Devi, et al

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

The main aim of this study is to evaluate the awareness level of global wealth due to covid 19. A self-designed survey study was conducted among 100 individuals of the general population. The questionnaire was designed in the manner to assess their knowledge about the impact of COVID-19 on global wealth. The responses recorded in the present study from the survey participant depicts that the participants possess adequate knowledge about the COVID-19 infection and equally they possess an adequate awareness about the impact caused globally due to COVID-19. The results of the present study shows that 71.03% of the participants are aware about the pandemic outbreak COVID-19 and among them 57.94% participants believes that the pandemic outbreak COVID-19 resulted in a global impact on various industries.

PMC7454692; Differences in Antibody Kinetics and Functionality Between Severe and Mild Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infections

Rijkers,  G,  Murk, et al

J Infect Dis

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Immunology | Immunologie

We determined and compared the humoral immune response in patients with severe (hospitalized) and mild (nonhospitalized) coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Patients with severe disease (n = 38) develop a robust antibody response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), including immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin A antibodies. The geometric mean 50% virus neutralization titer is 1:240. SARS-CoV-2 infection was found in hospital personnel (n = 24), who developed mild symptoms necessitating leave of absence and self-isolation, but not hospitalization; 75% developed antibodies, but with low/absent virus neutralization (60% with titers <1:20). While severe COVID-19 patients develop a strong antibody response, mild SARS-CoV-2 infections induce a modest antibody response.

Coronavirus Disease 2019 in a Premature Infant: Vertical Transmission and Antibody Response or Lack Thereof

Rivera-Hernandez,  P,  Nair, et al

AJP Reports

Transmission Clinical data| Données cliniques

Based on scant available data, vertical transmission is considered unlikely. This case report presents a preterm neonate born to a critically ill mother with SARV-CoV-2 with early evidence of infection with a positive reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction on day 1. Lack of parental contact prior to testing and strict adherence to recommended airborne precautions perinatally suggest vertical transmission of infection. Critical maternal illness and medications may have contributed to the need for extensive resuscitation at birth and highlight the importance of close fetal monitoring. Infant lacked immunoglobulin G antibody response by 3 weeks, presumably secondary to mild clinical course and prematurity. Effects of SARS-CoV-2 in preterm infants, their antibody response and potential for asymptomatic carriage remain uncertain.

Flow controlled ventilation in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome associated with COVID-19: A structured summary of a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial

Roehrig,  S,  Ait Hssain, et al

Trials

RCT

This study aims to demonstrate the positive effects on oxygenation of flow-controlled ventilation compared to conventionally ventilated patients in patients suffering from Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) associated with COVID-19. The protocol was registered before starting subject recruitment under the title: "Flow controlled ventilation in ARDS associated with COVID-19" in ClinicalTrials.org with the registration number: NCT04399317.

Who's in and Who's Out Under Workplace COVID Symptom Screening?

Ruffini,  Krista,  Sojourner, et al

SSRN- Lancet prepublication

Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique

COVID symptom screening, a new workplace practice, is likely to affect many millions of American workers in the coming months. This paper provides some of the first empirical work exploring the tradeoffs employers face in using daily symptom screening. First, we find that common symptom checkers will likely screen out up to 7 percent of workers each day, depending on the measure used. Second, we find that the measures used will matter for three reasons: many respondents report any given symptom, survey design affects responses, and demographic groups report symptoms at different rates, even absent fluctuations in likely COVID exposure.

PMC7470738; An observation of the impact of CoViD-19 recommendation measures monitored through urban noise levels in central Stockholm, Sweden

Rumpler,  R,  Venkataraman, et al

Sustain Cities Soc

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

While several governments have imposed a nationwide total or partial lockdown in order to slow down the spread of the virus, the Swedish government has opted for a recommendation-based approach together with a few imposed restrictions. In the present contribution, the impact of this strategy will be observed through the monitored variation of the city noise levels during the associated period. The noise level reductions, observed during the period of restrictions, are shown to be comparable to those found for the two most popular public holidays in Sweden with a peak reduction occurring during the first half of April 2020. Contrary to what has been recently discussed in public media, the spread of the virus, the recommendations, and the restrictions imposed during the ongoing pandemic clearly have had a significant effect on the transport and other human-related activities in Stockholm.

Th17 and Treg cells function in SARS-CoV2 patients compared with healthy controls

Sadeghi,  A,  Tahmasebi, et al

J Cell Physiol

Clinical data| Données cliniques

The current study aimed to evaluate the responses of Th17 and Treg cells in COVID‐19 patients compared with the control group.  The findings showed that enhanced responses of Th17 cells and decreased responses of Treg cells in 2019‐n‐CoV patients compared with controls had a strong relationship with hyperinflammation, lung damage, and disease pathogenesis. Also, the high ratio of Th17/Treg cells and their associated factors in COVID‐19‐dead patients compared with improved cases indicates the critical role of inflammation in the mortality of patients.

Daily Monitoring of Emotional Responses to the Coronavirus Pandemic in Serbia: A Citizen Science Approach

Sadiković,  S,  Branovački, et al

Frontiers in Psychology

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

This research was conducted in order to examine and further our understanding of emotional reactions to the ongoing pandemic.
 The results indicate that both stable characteristics and specific pandemic-related behaviors are significantly related to emotional response during the pandemic.

32889094; Inferring the genetic variability in Indian SARS-CoV-2 genomes using consensus of multiple sequence alignment techniques

Saha,  I,  Ghosh, et al

Infection, Genetics and Evolution

Coronavirology| Coronavirologie

Authors analyze 566 Indian SARS-CoV-2 sequences using multiple sequence alignment techniques viz. ClustalW, MUSCLE, ClustalO and MAFFT to align and subsequently identify the lists of mutations as substitution, deletion, insertion and SNP.
The analysis shows 767, 2025 and 54 unique substitutions, deletions and SNPs in Indian SARS-CoV-2 genomes.

Prevalence of Depression, Anxiety, Distress and Insomnia and Related Factors in Healthcare Workers During COVID-19 Pandemic in Turkey

Şahin,  MK,  Aker, et al

J Community Health

Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

This study evaluated the prevalence of depression, anxiety, distress, and insomnia and related factors in healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey. CWs serving in Turkey during the COVID-19 pandemic experienced high levels of depression, anxiety, insomnia, and distress symptoms. Female gender, being a nurse, working on the front line, history of psychiatric illness, and being tested for COVID-19 were identified as risk factors for mental health problems.

Didemnins inhibit COVID-19 main protease (MPRO)

Sahin,  S,  Calapoğlu, et al

Biointerface Research in Applied Chemistry

Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique

The present work aimed to assess the inhibition potential of Didemnin A, B, and C isolated from tunicates to COVID-19 Mpro protein through a molecular docking method. The molecular characterization of compounds with binding affinity was performed by using the Swiss Target Prediction Method. As a result, the binding energy of Didemnins A, B, and C was calculated as-11.82 kcal/ mol,-10.27 kcal/ mol, and-9.26 kcal/ mol, respectively. Also, the docking studies showed that Didemnin B involved in hydrogen bonding with Glu166 in the active site of the Mpro protein. Therefore, the natural marine compounds have the potential for developing drugs against to SARS-CoV-2 virus, which may aid in overcoming the clinical challenge of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Monitoring of viral load by RT-PCR caused decision making to continue ECMO therapy for a patient with COVID-19

Sakamaki,  I,  Morinaga, et al

Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy

Clinical data| Données cliniques

A 54-year-old man was admitted on day 6 of onset with a chief complaint of high fever and cough. Computed tomography (CT) showed a ground glass opacity in both lungs, and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) diagnosed COVID-19. He was admitted to the hospital and started to receive oxygen and favipiravir. After that, his respiratory condition deteriorated, and he was intubated and ventilated on day 9 of onset, and extracorporeal membranous oxygenation (ECMO)was introduced on day 12. Two days after the introduction of ECMO, C-reactive protein (CRP) increased, chest X-p showed no improvement in pneumonia, and PaO2/FiO2 decreased again. As D-dimer rose and found a blood clot in the ECMO circuit, we had to decide whether to replace the circuit and continue with ECMO or stop ECMO. At this time, the viral load by RT-PCR was drastically reduced to about 1/1750. We decided to continue ECMO therapy and replaced the circuit. The patient's respiratory status subsequently improved and ECMO was stopped on day 21 of onset.

Relational Mobility Predicts Faster Spread of COVID-19: A 39-Country Study

Salvador,  CE,  Berg, et al

Psychol Sci

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique

It stands to reason that the spread of the virus depends on sociocultural ecologies that facilitate or inhibit social contact. In particular, the community-level tendency to engage with strangers and freely choose friends, called relational mobility, creates increased opportunities to interact with a larger and more variable range of other people. It may therefore be associated with a faster spread of infectious diseases, including COVID-19. Here, we tested this possibility by analyzing growth curves of confirmed cases of and deaths due to COVID-19 in the first 30 days of the outbreaks in 39 countries. We found that growth was significantly accelerated as a function of a country-wise measure of relational mobility. This relationship was robust either with or without a set of control variables, including demographic variables, reporting bias, testing availability, and cultural dimensions of individualism, tightness, and government efficiency. Policy implications are also discussed.

Influence of the COVID-19 outbreak in people with epilepsy: Analysis of a Spanish population (EPICOVID registry)

Sanchez-Larsen,  A,  Gonzalez-Villar, et al

Epilepsy and Behavior

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

The aim of this study was to have a better understanding of the influence of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in people with epilepsy (PWE) and to assess whether there have been changes in seizure control during the current COVID-19 outbreak, exploring the possible causes thereof. Methods: This is an observational, retrospective study based on prospective data collection of 100 successive patients who attended an epilepsy outpatient clinic either face-to-face or telephonically during the months of the COVID-19 outbreak and national state of emergency. Results:  Conclusions: A high proportion of PWE suffered a significant worsening of their seizure control during the months of the COVID-19 pandemic. Emotional distress due to home confinement was the main factor for the change in seizure control. Promoting physical activity and adequate sleep may minimize the potential impact of the pandemic in PWE. Ensuring correct follow-up can prevent decompensation in those PWE at high risk.

COVID-19 in older adults: Retrospective cohort study in a tertiary hospital in Japan

Sano,  T,  Kimizuka, et al

Geriatr Gerontol Int

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques

Authors aimed to describe the clinical characteristics, treatment and outcomes of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia, in particular older patients, admitted to tertiary and partner hospitals in Saitama, Japan. In older patients, typical clinical symptoms and blood test changes were often absent; however, CT always contained typical findings of COVID-19, suggesting that CT may be a useful diagnostic tool.

Telemedicine in the COVID-19 era for Liver Transplant Recipients: an Italian lockdown area experience

Santonicola,  A,  Zingone, et al

Clinics and Research in Hepatology and Gastroenterology

Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

We aimed to investigate in a cohort of LT recipients the access to remote consultation and the attitude towards Telemedicine using an internet-based survey.  Seventy-four/one hundred and fifty-three (48.3%) LT recipients were unable to access remote consultation. They showed a significantly higher mean age and a higher percentage of low school degree compared to those who accessed it (p = 0.03 and p = 0.001, respectively). Among the remaining LT recipients, 50/79 (63.3%) responded to the survey; mean time from liver transplantation was 12 ± 7 years; 94% of the sample reported at least one comorbidity; 44% of LT recipients declared to be “very much/much” worried because of COVID-19 infection, and 64% considered themselves more vulnerable than the general population. Forty percent of responders refused the routine follow-up visit, and 62% were very interested in using Telemedicin

Global perceptions of faculties on virtual programme delivery and assessment in higher education institutions during the 2020 covid-19 pandemic

Sasere,  OB,  Makhasane, et al

International Journal of Higher Education

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

This study investigated the effectiveness of virtual programme delivery and assessment in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) during the COVID-19 (Corona Virus) pandemic, from a global perspective. The study assesses the success rate of virtual teaching and learning via various online platforms that were set up to make up for time lost due to the unanticipated global HEIs closure. The findings revealed disparities in responses to virtual learning across HEIs and national contexts. Training and re-training of lecturers and students, and the provision of virtual learning enabling infrastructure, were recommended to mitigate similar situation in future.

Heavy exposure of children aged 9 to 12 years with SARS-CoV-2 did not lead to infection

Schmidt,  E,  Steinhagen, et al

J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc

Clinical data| Données cliniques

Here, we report on four school children with heavy exposure to SARS-CoV-2 with no clinical signs of COVID-19, repeated negative nasopharyngeal swabs for SARS-CoV-2 RNA, and no seroconversion.

New-Onset Nephrotic Syndrome in a Child Associated With COVID-19 Infection

Shah,  SA,  Carter, et al

Frontiers in Pediatrics

Clinical data| Données cliniques

Authors describe a case report of a child with new-onset nephrotic syndrome associated with COVID-19 infection.
 They describe the unique presentation of COVID-19 in a child as new-onset nephrotic syndrome. We offer insight on the success of standard treatment of nephrotic syndrome with COVID-19.

The efficacy of an extraoral scavenging device on reduction of splatter contamination during dental aerosol generating procedures: an exploratory study

Shahdad,  S,  Patel, et al

Br Dent J

Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI) Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of a commercially available extraoral scavengers(EOS) device on contamination reduction during dental aerosol generating procedures (AGPs). The secondary aim was to investigate differences between open and closed dental operatories. Dental procedures were simulated on a dental manikin using citric acid (10%) added to the water lines with universal indicating paper (UIP) placed in strategic locations in the operatory, on the clinician and assistant. Chromatic change related to settling of splatter containing citric acid on the UIP was analysed to calculate percentage intensity of splatter contamination. EOSs resulted in 20% reduction in frequency and 75% reduction in mean intensity of contamination of operatory sites. There was a 33% and 76% reduction in mean intensity contamination for clinician and assistant, respectively. Use of rubber dam and four-handed dentistry resulted in further reduction.

Ultrasound assisted synthesis of 3-alkynyl substituted 2-chloroquinoxaline derivatives: Their in silico assessment as potential ligands for N-protein of SARS-CoV-2

Shahinshavali,  S,  Hossain, et al

Tetrahedron letters

Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique

In silico studies were performed using 3-alkynyl 2-chloroquinoxalines. These compounds were assessed as ligands for N-protein of SARS-CoV-2. Their synthesis involved Cu-catalyzed coupling under ultrasound irradiation. In silico studies established a virtual SAR within the series. Three compounds appeared as potential agents for further studies.

Yogic eye exercises followed by the ergonomic advice on eye fatigue in children attending online classes in COVID-19

Sheikh,  MK,  Malavde, et al

International Journal of Current Research and Review

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

Extensive viewing of the computer screen can lead to eye discomfort, fatigue, blurred vision and headaches, dry eyes and other symptoms of eyestrain. 44 school-aged children attending online classes in the age group 6 to 15 years were included. Eye fatigue was assessed through the 7-point Likert Scale before the exercise session.  A significant reduction was seen in eye fatigue with self-relaxing yogic eye exercises followed by the ergonomic advice in school-aged children attending online classes in COVID-19.

Neurological Complications Among Native Americans with COVID-19: Our Experience at a Tertiary Care Academic Hospital in the U.S

Shekhar,  R,  Sheikh, et al

Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques

Objective: To study the central nervous system (CNS) complications in patients with COVID-19 infection especially among Native American population in the current pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome virus (COVID-19). Total of 90 hospitalized patients were screened. Out of seven patients, majority were Native Americans females, and developed neurological complications including subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), Intraparenchymal hemorrhage (IPH), Ischemic stroke (IS) and seizure. All 7 patients required Intensive care unit (ICU) level of care. Patients who developed CNS complications other than seizure were females in the younger age group (4 patients, 38-58 years) with poor outcome. Out of 7, three developed subarachnoid hemorrhage, two developed ischemic infarction, and four developed seizure. Two patients with hemorrhagic complication expired during the course of hospitalization. All three patients with seizure were discharged to home

Importance of meteorology in air pollution events during the city lockdown for COVID-19 in Hubei Province, Central China

Shen,  L,  Zhao, et al

Science of the Total Environment

Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique

We assess the extent of wintertime aerosol changes over Central-Eastern China  during the city lockdown for COVID-19. The aerosol optical depth  and Angstrom exponent during the COVID-19 lockdown decreased and increased, respectively, in most regions. The long-range transport of air pollutants substantially contributed to PM2.5 pollution in Hubei.

Efficient high-throughput SARS-CoV-2 testing to detect asymptomatic carriers

Shental,  N,  Levy, et al

Sci Adv

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes

We developed P-BEST, a method for Pooling-Based Efficient SARS-CoV-2 Testing, which identifies all positive subjects within a set of samples using a single round of testing. We pooled sets of 384 samples into 48 pools, providing both an eightfold increase in testing efficiency and an eightfold reduction in test costs, while identifying up to five positive carriers. We then used P-BEST to screen a cohort of 1115 health care workers in Israel. All of the pools tested were negative.

Impact of returning population migration after the Chinese Spring Festival on the COVID-19 epidemic

Shi,  Y,  Cheng, et al

Kexue Tongbao/Chinese Science Bulletin

Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

In this study, we use the discrete stochastic model (DSM) to study the transmission dynamics of COVID-19. As long as the epidemic situation in different regions is distinguished, return trips could be arranged at reduced people density, attentive epidemic prevention of transportation, and well preparation at the receiving cities. Although, the possibility of an epidemic rebound is small, only in conditions of slack thinking and strict measures are carried out. In accordance with the transmission of the world epidemic, more attention must be paid to the inspection of the influx of foreign infected people.

SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence and asymptomatic viral carriage in healthcare workers: a cross-sectional study

Shields,  A,  Faustini, et al

Thorax

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Immunology | Immunologie

A cross-sectional study of asymptomatic healthcare workers undertaken on 24/25 April 2020 at University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (UHBFT), UK. 545 asymptomatic healthcare workers were recruited while at work. The point prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 viral carriage was 2.4% (n=13/545). The overall seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies was 24.4% (n=126/516).

Rapid implementation of a mobile prone team during the COVID-19 pandemic

Short,  B,  Parekh, et al

Journal of critical care

Clinical data| Données cliniques Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

We describe the development of a mobile prone team during the height of the crisis in New York City and describe characteristics and outcomes of mechanically ventilated patients who received prone positioning between April 2, 2020 and April 30, 2020. Ninety patients underwent prone positioning for moderate-to-severe ARDS. y the end of the study period, proning was discontinued in sixty-seven (65.1%) cases due to clinical improvement, twenty (19.4%) cases due to lack of clinical improvement, six (5.8%) cases for clinical worsening, and ten (9.7%) cases due to a contraindication.

Prevalence of psychological effect of COVID-19 on medical professionals in a tertiary care center

Shrestha,  SL

Journal of the Nepal Medical Association

Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

. The objective of this study is to find the prevalence of anxiety among medical doctors and nurses. Out of 101 participants prevalence of anxiety was found to be 74 (73.3%) (64.68-81.33 at 95% Confidence Interval). Among them, 9 (8.9%) of participants experienced sever types of generalized anxiety disorder, 23 (22.8%) moderate, and 42 (41.6%) mild type. Similarly, 18 (17.8%) and 10 (9.9%) of participants felt very difficult and extreme difficulty at the workplace and home respectively.

Clinical features and the traditional Chinese medicine therapeutic characteristics of 293 COVID-19 inpatient cases

Shu,  Z,  Zhou, et al

Front Med

Clinical data| Données cliniques

We reported the clinical features and therapeutic characteristics of moderate COVID-19 cases in Wuhan that were treated via the integration of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and Western medicine. A total of 293 COVID-19 inpatient cases, including 207 moderate and 86 (29.3%) severe cases, were included in our research. Among these cases, 238 were discharged, 31 were transferred, and 24 (all severe cases) died in the hospital. Our COVID-19 cases involved elderly patients with advanced ages (57 years on average) and high comorbidity rates (61%). Our results reconfirmed several well-recognized risk factors, such as age, gender (male), and comorbidities, as well as provided novel laboratory indications (e.g., cholesterol) and TCM-specific phenotype markers (e.g., dull tongue) that were relevant to COVID-19 infections and prognosis. In addition to antiviral/antibiotics and standard supportive therapies, TCM herbal prescriptions incorporating 290 distinct herbs were used in 273 (93%) cases. The cases that received TCM treatment had lower death rates than those that did not receive TCM treatment (17/273 = 6.2% vs. 7/20= 35%, P = 0.0004 for all cases; 17/77= 22% vs. 7/9= 77.7%, P = 0.002 for severe cases). Lastly, 59% of the patients received treatment, including antiviral, antibiotics, and Chinese patent medicine, before admission.

Simulating the Impact of Hospital Capacity and Social Isolation to Minimize the Propagation of Infectious Diseases

Shuvo,  SB,  Molokwu, et al

 

Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

In this paper, the authors used artificial agent-based simulation modeling to identify the importance of social distancing and hospitals' capacity in terms of the number of beds to shorten the length of an outbreak and reduce the total number of infections and deaths during an epidemic. After simulating the model based on different scenarios in a small artificial society, learned that shorter social isolation activation delay has a higher impact on reducing the catastrophe. Increasing the hospital's treatment capacity, i.e., the number of isolation beds in the hospitals can become handy when social isolation cannot be activated shortly.

Increased risk of acute stroke among patients with severe COVID-19: a multicenter study and meta-analysis

Siepmann,  T,  Sedghi, et al

Eur J Neurol

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques

We aimed to define the risk of acute stroke in patients with severe and non-severe COVID-19. METHODS: We performed an observational multicenter cohort study in four participating hospitals in Saxony, Germany to characterize consecutive patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 who experienced acute stroke during hospitalization. RESULTS: Of 165 patients hospitalized for COVID-19 (49.1% males, median age 67 57-79], 72.1% severe or critical) included in the multicenter study, overall stroke rate was 4.2%.

Experience of managing covid-19 suspected case in labour in a green zone district tertiary care hospital

Singh,  P,  Acharya, et al

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences

Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

Here, we present our experience as a team at our Obstetrics and Gynaecology department of pregnant women with upper respiratory tract infec-tion/suspected case of COVID-19 infection during hospitalization in our rural setup and further we will discuss patient triage based on risk level, antenatal care planning and handling emergencies during COVID-19 lockdown.

Systemic lupus erythematosus and varicella-like rash following COVID-19 in a previously healthy patient

Slimani,  Y,  Abbassi, et al

J Med Virol

Clinical data| Données cliniques

Here we present a case of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with antiphospholipid antibody syndrome in a previously healthy COVID‐19 patient, who subsequently developped a varicella‐like exanthem on the trunk. The disease resulted in death of the patient. The pathophysiological mechanisms resulting in overlapping disorders in our patient remain unknown, adding to the growing mystery of this virus and raising questions about the nature of its link with cutaneous, autoimmune and autoinflammatory manifestations. Sharing the images of this case may benefit physicians dealing with similar patients during this pandemic.

Effects of angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) on in-hospital outcomes of patients with hypertension and confirmed or clinically suspected COVID-19

Soleimani,  A,  Kazemian, et al

Am J Hypertens

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques

This retrospective observational study investigated the association of ARBs with in-hospital outcomes of these patients. In this cohort of 636 patients, 108 (17.0%) patients expired and 407 (64.0%) patients incurred severe COVID-19. Of 254 (39.9%) patients with hypertension, 122 (48.0%) patients were receiving an ARB. After adjustment for possible confounders, we found no independent association between taking ARBs and in-hospital outcomes except for acute kidney injury (AKI), in patients with confirmed or clinically suspected COVID-19, either hypertensive or not-hypertensive. We found that discontinuation of ARBs during hospitalization was associated with a greater risk of mortality, invasive ventilation, and AKI (All P˂0.002).

COVID-19 mortality dynamics: The future modelled as a (mixture of) past(s)

Soubeyrand,  S,  Ribaud, et al

PLoS One

Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie

Discrepancies in population structures, decision making, health systems and numerous other factors result in various COVID-19-mortality dynamics at country scale, and make the forecast of deaths in a country under focus challenging. However, mortality dynamics of countries that are ahead of time implicitly include these factors and can be used as real-life competing predicting models. We precisely propose such a data-driven approach implemented in a publicly available web app timely providing mortality curves comparisons and real-time short-term forecasts for about 100 countries. Here, the approach is applied to compare the mortality trajectories of second-line and front-line European countries facing the COVID-19 epidemic wave. Using data up to mid-April, we show that the second-line countries generally followed relatively mild mortality curves rather than fast and severe ones. Thus, the continuation, after mid-April, of the COVID-19 wave across Europe was likely to be mitigated and not as strong as it was in most of the front-line countries first impacted by the wave (this prediction is corroborated by posterior data).

Reduced Monocytic Human Leukocyte Antigen-DR Expression Indicates Immunosuppression in Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients

Spinetti,  T,  Hirzel, et al

Anesth Analg

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques

As the role of immunosuppression in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is currently unclear, this study explored the level of monocytic human leukocyte antigen-DR (mHLA-DR)  expression in COVID-19 patients. While normal mHLA-DR expression was observed in all hospitalized noncritically ill patients (n = 7), 89% (8 of 9) critically ill patients with COVID-19-induced acute respiratory failure showed signs of downregulation of mHLA-DR at ICU admission. mHLA-DR expression at admission was significantly lower in critically ill patients (median, quartiles]: 9280 antibodies/cell 6114, 16,567]) as compared to the noncritically ill patients (30,900 antibodies/cell 26,777, 52,251]), with a median difference of 21,508 antibodies/cell (95% confidence interval CI], 14,118-42,971), P = .002. Reduced mHLA-DR expression was observed to persist until day 5 after ICU admission.

A study on COVID-19 situation in Andhra Pradesh: Current scenario and projections

Srinivasa Rao,  D,  Rajasekhar, et al

International Journal of Current Research and Review

Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie

The purpose of this study is to assess the current status of COVID-19 in Andhra Pradesh and to forecast the condition of future, which will help to strengthen management.  Based on projected results, AP will cross 476534 cases by mid-September 2020. The proportion of positive cases out of tested samples in the state may go up to 30%. The COVID-19 death toll in the state may cross the 5000 value.

Regional trauma patterns during the COVID-19 pandemic

Staunton,  P,  Gibbons, et al

Surgeon

Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

This study investigates regional trauma patterns during the COVID-19 pandemic. The majority of trauma referred to our Dublin based centre during COVID-19 related population restrictions appears to be home based and trauma volumes have decreased. Significant reductions are apparent in work and sport related injuries suggestive of compliance with COVID-19 activity guidelines.

Biomarker-guided application of low-dose anakinra in an acute respiratory distress syndrome patient with severe COVID-19 and cytokine release syndrome

Steinhardt,  MJ,  Wiebecke, et al

Scand J Rheumatol

Clinical data| Données cliniques

We report the case of COVID-19 in a 48 year old male patient with pre-existing intermittent atrial fibrillation and hypertension. On day 14 post symptom onset, we applied the first off-label dose of anakinra in an attempt to halt cytokine storm syndrome. Symptoms improved and the patient was released on day 31.

COVID-19 Infection Among Healthcare Workers: Serological Findings Supporting Routine Testing

Stock,  AD,  Bader, et al

Frontiers in Medicine

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Immunology | Immunologie

To determine the prevalence of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection amongst healthcare workers, we studied frontline staff working in the Montefiore Health System in New York City. All participants were asymptomatic at the time of testing and were tested by RT-qPCR and for anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Of the 98 asymptomatic healthcare workers tested, 19 (19.4%) tested positive by RT-qPCR and/or ELISA. Within this group, four (4.1%) were RT-qPCR positive, and four (4.1%) were PCR and IgG positive. Notably, an additional 11 (11.2%) individuals were IgG positive without a positive PCR. Two PCR positive individuals subsequently developed COVID-19 symptoms, while all others remained asymptomatic at 2-week follow-up. These results indicate that there is considerable asymptomatic infection with SARS-CoV-2 within the healthcare workforce, despite current mitigation policies.

32702465; SARS-CoV-2 infection among healthcare workers in a hospital in Madrid, Spain

Suárez-García,  I,  Martínez de Aramayona López, et al

Journal of Hospital Infection

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among HCWs from February 24th to April 30th, 2020, in a hospital in Madrid, Spain. Among 1911 HCWs, 213 (11.1%) had COVID-19 during the study period. The prevalence of comorbidities was low and 91.5% of patients had mild or moderate symptoms. Eleven patients were admitted to the hospital and one patient needed intensive care. None of the patients died. The median time of sick leave was 20 (interquartile range: 15–26) days.

Influencing factors and clinical significance of liver function damage in patients diagnosed with COVID-19

Sun,  D,  Zhang, et al

Chinese Journal of Digestive Surgery

Clinical data| Données cliniques

in Chinese: To invetigate the influencing factors and clinical significance of liver function damage (LFD) in patients diagnosed with Corona Virus Disease 2019. Of the 51 patients, LFD was detected in 10 patients classified as ordinary type, in 9 patients as severe type, and in 10 as critical type, respectively. In the 51 patients, 1 of 22 patients with normal liver function developed respiratory failure and received mechanical ventilation within 24 hours after admission, while 9 of 29 patients with abnormal liver function developed respiratory failure and received mechanical ventilation, showing a significant difference between the two groups (χ2=5.57, P<0.05). (3) Analysis of influencing factors for LFD. Results of univariate analysis showed that clinical classification of COVID-19 as critical type was a related factor for LFD of patients (odds ratio=10.000, 95% confidence interval: 1.050-95.231, P<0.05).

32893786; Computed Tomography Evaluation of Airway Changes in Adult Patients with COVID-19 Pneumonia

Sun,  Z,  Liu, et al

Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques

A total of 275 lesions were detected in 52 patients. Of these, 170 (61.82%) lesions were associated with 243 airway segments, including segments enclosed within lesions (type I, 152, 62.55%), crossing the lesions (type II, 51, 20.99%), and abutting the lesions (type III, 40, 16.46%). The bronchial walls of 154 (63.37%) segments were ill-defined; whereas, the walls of 89 (36.63%) segments were well-defined; in the latter group, 62 (69.66%) showed mild thickening. The bronchial lumen of 183 (75.31%) segments presented mild bronchiectasis and 60 (24.69%) segments appeared normal. Mucus plug was detected in one segment (0.41%). There were no cases of bronchial stenosis, and all bronchial segments located in normal lung regions appeared normal. The appearance of 196 (80.66%) affected bronchi was completely restored before hospital discharge.

Flattening the covid-19 curve: A myth or reality-a questionnaire based study

Sunil,  MP,  Abilasha, et al

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

The study aims to assess the knowledge and create awareness of flattening the COVID-19 curves. A survey-based questionnaire was done to create understanding about ’flattening the curve’.  The overall awareness of all subgroups was fair in reporting correct answers. People of the 15-25 age groups mostly attended the survey. (50.7%). 71% of the respondents were males. In this study, almost 71% of the respondents were aware of the covid-19 curve. Nearly 54% of the respondents believed that community transmission is increasing in their area.71% of the respondents found lockdown can affect India’s economic capital.71% believed lockdown implemented in India is effective.55.5% of the respondents thought that India is flattening the curve.

Assessing Fear and Anxiety of Corona Virus among Dental Practitioners

Suryakumari,  VBP,  Pallavi Reddy, et al

Disaster Med Public Health Prep

Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

METHODOLOGY: An online cross-sectional questionnaire survey comprising of nine questions was conducted among dental practitioners of Telangana. Age, gender, qualification, type of practice, years of practice, place of residence were the demographic variables recorded.  RESULTS: The mean fear and anxiety score of this study population reported was high 6.57 +2.07, with 58.31% of the population presenting with a low level of fear and anxiety. Only qualification (p=0.045)and gender (p=0.035) revealed a significant difference in fear to Q7and Q8 respectively. Irrespective of the age, gender, qualification, type of practice and years of practices the levels of fear reported in the present study was high similar. Respondents between 41- 60 yrs age (6.70+ 2.01) and those with individual practices (6.70+2.06) exhibited high level of fear score.

Mental health and quality of life among healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic in India

Suryavanshi,  N,  Kadam, et al

Brain Behav

Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

We sought to assess the mental health and quality of life (QoL) of Indian healthcare professionals (HCPs), the fourth highest-burden country for COVID-19. Of 197 HCPs assessed, 157 (80%) were from Maharashtra, 130 (66%) from public hospitals, 47 (24%) nurses, 66 (34%) physicians, 101 (52%) females, and 81 (41%) ≤30 years. Eighty-seven percent provided direct COVID-19 care with 43% caring for >10 patients/day. A large proportion reported symptoms of depression (92, 47%), anxiety (98, 50%), and low QoL (89, 45%). Odds of combined depression and anxiety were 2.37 times higher among single HCPs compared to married (95% CI: 1.03-4.96). Work environment stressors were associated with 46% increased risk of combined depression and anxiety (95% CI: 1.15-1.85). Moderate to severe depression and anxiety were independently associated with increased risk of low QoL.

A new advanced in silico drug discovery method for novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) with tensor decomposition-based unsupervised feature extraction

Taguchi,  YH,  Turki, et al

PLoS One

Therapeutics| Thérapeutique

We applied the recently proposed method tensor decomposition (TD)-based unsupervised feature extraction (FE) to gene expression profiles of multiple lung cancer cell lines infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. The method identified drug candidate compounds that significantly altered the expression of the 163 genes selected by TD-based unsupervised FE.  Numerous drugs were successfully screened, including many known antiviral drug compounds such as C646, chelerythrine chloride, canertinib, BX-795, sorafenib, sorafenib, QL-X-138, radicicol, A-443654, CGP-60474, alvocidib, mitoxantrone, QL-XII-47, geldanamycin, fluticasone, atorvastatin, quercetin, motexafin gadolinium, trovafloxacin, doxycycline, meloxicam, gentamicin, and dibromochloromethane. The screen also identified ivermectin, which was first identified as an anti-parasite drug and recently the drug was included in clinical trials for SARS-CoV-2. The drugs screened using our strategy may be effective candidates for treating patients with COVID-19.

Is oseltamivir suitable for fighting against COVID-19: In silico assessment, in vitro and retrospective study

Tan,  Q,  Duan, et al

Bioorganic chemistry

Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of oseltamivir against COVID-19. The structures of NRBD, PLpro, and RdRp were built successfully. The results from TM-align suggested that the S protein, NRBD, 3C-like protease (3CLpro), PLPrO, and RdRp were structurally similar to the influenza A neuraminidase, with TM-scores of 0.30077, 0.19254, 0.28766, 0.30666, and 0.34047, respectively. Interestingly, the active center of 3CL pro was found to be similar to the active center from the neuraminidase of influenza A. Through an analysis of molecular docking, we discovered that oseltamivir carboxylic acid was more favorable to bind to the active site of 3CLpro effectively, but its inhibitory effect was not strong compared with the positive group. Finally, we used in vitro study and retrospective case analysis to verify our speculations. We found that oseltamivir is ineffective against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro study and the clinical use of oseltamivir did not improve the patients’ symptoms and signs and did not slow the disease progression.

Rapid and quantitative detection of SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG for convalescent serum evaluation

Tan,  X,  Krel, et al

Biosensors and Bioelectronics

Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes

Here, we present a portable microfluidic ELISA technology for rapid (15 min), quantitative, and sensitive detection of anti-SARS-CoV-2 S1 IgG in human serum with only 8 μL sample volume. We first identified a humanized monoclonal IgG that has a high binding affinity and a relatively high specificity towards SARS-CoV-2 S1 protein, which can subsequently serve as the calibration standard of anti-SARS-CoV-2 S1 IgG in serological analyses. We then measured the abundance of anti-SARS-CoV-2 S1 IgG in 16 convalescent COVID-19 patients. Due to the availability of the calibration standard and the large dynamic range of our assay, we were able to identify “qualified donors” for convalescent serum therapy with only one fixed dilution factor (200 ×). Finally, we demonstrated that our technology can sensitively detect SARS-CoV-2 antigens (S1 and N proteins) with pg/mL level sensitivities in 40 min.

PMC7455807; The time serial distribution and influencing factors of asymptomatic COVID-19 cases in Hong Kong

Tao,  J,  Zhang, et al

One Health

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique

This study aims to analyse the time serial distribution and influencing factors of asymptomatic cases in Hong Kong with the updated information in the third wave of COVID-19 outbreak, which is highly indicative to mitigating the one health issue of SARS-CoV-2 global transmission. Amidst the third wave of COVID-19 outbreak in Hong Kong, the asymptomatic cases were more likely to be imported cases. This result suggests it might be necessary to overhaul the quarantine exemption policy under the high importing risk of asymptomatic cases in Hong Kong.

32890356; Tobacco Use Cessation in Three Patients Suffering from Psychotic Disorders: The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic

Theuerkauff,  O,  Hanak, et al

Psychiatria Danubina

Clinical data| Données cliniques

We present 3 cases of sudden tobacco use cessation in 3 long-term heavy smokers receiving mental health care for chronic psychotic disorders. Fear of severe form of COVID-19 was their principal motivation. Nicotine replacement therapy and quitline counseling were provided and no major withdrawal symptoms were declared.  As mass media later wrongly presented tobacco use as a protective factor regarding COVID-19, all three patients resumed smoking. Rigorous counseling took advantage of psychotic symptoms to correct false information and finally promote tobacco use cessation. The COVID-19 pandemic might paradoxically represent a great motivational factor to quit smoking, espacially when considering patients suffering from severe mental health disorders.

PMC7467012; The CHASMS conceptual model of cascading disasters and social vulnerability: The COVID-19 case example

Thomas,  DSK,  Jang, et al

Int J Disaster Risk Reduct

Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie

This paper presents a comprehensive conceptual model of cascading disasters that offers a people-centric lens.
The authors offer Kenya and Puerto Rico as examples of cumulative effects and possible cascades when responding to other events in the shadow of COVID-19.

How the Media Places Responsibility for the COVID-19 Pandemic—An Australian Media Analysis

Thomas,  T,  Wilson, et al

Frontiers in Public Health

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

The aim of this paper is to investigate where the media places responsibility for COVID-19 in Australia. The results show that framing of the pandemic was largely based on societal issues with the theme of economic disruption prevalent throughout the study time period. The Australian printed media were slow to report on the COVID-19 pandemic, in addition they were reluctant to apportion blame until the end of the study period, after confirmed case rates had begun to slow.

Electrical Impedance Tomography and Prone Position During Ventilation in COVID-19 Pneumonia: Case Reports and a Brief Literature Review

Tomasino,  S,  Sassanelli, et al

Semin Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth

Clinical data| Données cliniques

With electrical impedance tomography (EIT) we evaluated, in real time and bedside, the distribution of ventilation in the different pulmonary regions before, during, and after pronation in COVID-19 respiratory failure. We present a brief literature review of (EIT) in non-COVID-19 patients and a report of 2 COVID-19 patients: one that did not respond well and another one that improved during and after pronation. EIT might be a useful tool to decide whether prone positioning should or should not be used in COVID-19 pneumonia.

Alcohol use and mental health status during the first months of COVID-19 pandemic in Australia

Tran,  TD,  Hammarberg, et al

Journal of affective disorders

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

This study was an anonymously-completed online self-report survey. A total of 13,829 people contributed complete data and were included in the analysis. Overall, about one in five adults reported that they had been drinking more alcohol since the COVID-19 pandemic began than they used to. People were more likely to be drinking alcohol more than they used to if they had more severe symptoms of depression or anxiety. The associations between depressive and anxiety symptoms and increased alcohol use since the COVID-19 pandemic began were consistent between females and males.

Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on breast cancer screening in Taiwan

Tsai,  HY,  Chang, et al

Breast

Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

The breast cancer screening program has continued in Taiwan during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our nationwide data showed that the total number of screenings decreased by 22.2%, which was more pronounced for in-hospital examinations (−37.2%), while outreach showed a 12.9% decrease. This decline in screening participation happened at all levels of hospitals, more significantly at the highest level. Our report revealed that outreach services could maintain relatively stable breast cancer screening under this kind of public health crisis.

Intergroup Contact, COVID-19 News Consumption, and the Moderating Role of Digital Media Trust on Prejudice toward Asians in the U.S.: A Cross-Sectional Study

Tsai,  JY,  Phua, et al

J Med Internet Res

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

The study aims to investigate the relationships between news consumption, trust, intergroup contact, and prejudicial attitudes toward Asians and Asian Americans residing in the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic. We compare how traditional news, social media use, and biased news exposure cultivate racial attitudes. The moderation effect of media use and trust on prejudice against Asians is examined. Participants who identified as conservatives (β=.08, P=.02), had personal infection history (β=.12, P=.001), and interacted with Asian people frequently in their daily lives (β=.41, P<.001) reported more negative attitudes toward Asians after controlling for sociodemographic variables. Relying more on traditional news media (β=.09, P=.04) and higher levels of trust in social media (β=.15, P=.002) were positively associated with prejudice against Asians. In contrast, consuming news from digital websites or apps (β=-.08, P=.04), left-leaning outlets (β=-.16, P=.001), and neutral outlets (β=-.14, P=.002) led to less prejudicial attitudes toward Asians. Among those who had high trust in social media, exposure had a strong negative relationship with prejudice. At mean and high levels of trust in digital websites and apps, frequent use reduced unfavorable attitudes toward Asians.

Improved Testing and Design of Intubation Boxes During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Turer,  DM,  Good, et al

Annals of Emergency Medicine

Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

This study tested a commercially available passive protective enclosure representing the most common design and compared this with a modified enclosure that incorporated a vacuum system for active air filtration during simulated intubations and negative-pressure isolation. Qualitative evaluation revealed smoke escaping from all passive enclosure openings. Aerosol leak testing demonstrated elevated particle concentrations outside the enclosure during simulated intubations. In contrast, vacuum-filter-equipped enclosures fully contained the visible smoke and test aerosol to standards consistent with class I biosafety cabinet certification.

Impact of delayed orthodontic care during COVID-19 pandemic: Emergency, disability, and pain

Turkistani,  KA

Journal of the World Federation of Orthodontists

Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of clinical closure and delayed orthodontic care delivery in terms of types of emergencies, pain intensity, and disability experienced by orthodontic patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. Delay in receiving orthodontic care could result in an orthodontic emergency, yet pain and disability resulting from these events are minimal. The decision to resume clinical service should be evaluated considering risks and benefits in case of the pandemic.

Data on attitudes, religious perspectives, and practices towards COVID-19 among Indonesian residents: a quick online cross-sectional survey

Ulhaq,  ZS,  Kristanti, et al

Data in Brief

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

Hence, the information regarding Indonesian's ARP towards COVID-19 post-large-scale social restrictions is required. The data were collected via an online questionnaire, including demographic information (7 items), attitude and practice (5 items), and religious perspective and practice (5 items), from July 11 – 18, 2020, collecting a total of 1,345 respondents.  Most believed that phyiscal distancing cut the spread of SARS-CoV-2 and were feeling anxious about being infected. They also believe that large-scale social restrictions need to be re-implemented.

Treatment of opioid use disorder during COVID-19: Experiences of clinicians transitioning to telemedicine

Uscher-Pines,  L,  Sousa, et al

Journal of substance abuse treatment

Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

In April 2020, we conducted semistructured interviews with clinicians waivered to prescribe buprenorphine. Eighteen clinicians representing 10 states participated. Nearly all interview participants were doing some telemedicine, and more than half were only doing telemedicine visits. Most participants reported changing their typical clinical care patterns to help patients remain at home and minimize exposure to COVID-19. Changes included waiving urine toxicology screening, sending patients home with a larger supply of opioid use disorder (OUD) medications, and requiring fewer visits. Although several participants were serving new patients via telemedicine during the early weeks of the pandemic, others were not. Some clinicians identified positive impacts of telemedicine on the quality of their patient interactions, including increased access for patients. Others noted negative impacts including less structure and accountability, less information to inform clinical decision-making, challenges in establishing a connection, technological challenges, and shorter visits.

32853600; Diagnostic significance of SARS-CoV-2 IgM positive/IgG negative antibody profile in symptomatic patients with suspected COVID-19 testing negative by RT-PCR

Valdivia,  A,  Torres, et al

Journal of Infection

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Immunology | Immunologie

A total of 1,032 patients attended at the emergency department of University Clinic Hospital (HCU)with clinical suspicion of COVID-19 were tested as per protocol. The SARS-CoV-2 IgM+/IgG- antibody profile was found in sera from 18 patients (1.7%), which were collected at a median of 7 days (range 5-12 days) after the onset of symptoms (1.7%). Following thorough review of medical charts and based upon clinical, imaging and laboratory findings, repeat negative RT-PCR testing and lack of IgG seroconversion, we came to the conclusion that patients 1,3,4,5,7,9,10,11 and 15 most likely had no COVID-19, whereas patients 2,6,8,12,13 and 14 experienced either possible or probable COVID-19.

Improving knowledge and assessing the awareness about COVID-19 testing among dental students-a questionnaire-based survey

Vamshi Ram,  V,  Abilasha, et al

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences

Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

The study aims to assess the knowledge and create awareness of COVID testing among dental students. A survey-based questionnaire was done to gener-ate understanding of COVID testing. A questionnaire containing 15 questions was prepared and circulated online using Google forms Statistical analysis was done using SPSS software. The results were obtained, and the data were anal-ysed. The Overall awareness of all the sub groups was good with more than 90% of the population being aware of the various parameters for Covid test-ing. The study concludes that even though the awareness was reported to be adequate, various measures have to be taken towards improving the knowledge and continuous updates have to be provided regarding COVID testing to the dental students. © International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences.

32745595; Antibody response against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and nucleoprotein evaluated by four automated immunoassays and three ELISAs

Van Elslande,  J,  Decru, et al

Clinical Microbiology and Infection

Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes

The aim was to determine the antibody response against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and nucleoprotein using four automated immunoassays and three ELISAs for the detection of total Ig antibodies (Roche) or IgG (Abbott, Diasorin, Snibe, Euroimmun, Mikrogen) in COVID-19 patients.  Sensitivity for all assays was 100% (95% confidence interval 83.7–100) 3 weeks after onset of symptoms. Specificity varied between 94.7% (88.7–97.8) and 100% (96.1–100). Calculated at the cut-offs that corresponded to a specificity of 95% and 97.5%, Roche had the highest sensitivity (85.0% (79.8–89.0) and 81.1% (76.6–85.7), p < 0.05 except vs. Abbott). Seroconversion occurred on average 2 days earlier for Roche total Ig anti-N and the three IgG anti-N assays (Abbott, Mikrogen, Euroimmun) than for the two IgG anti-S assays (Diasorin, Euroimmun) (≥50% seroconversion day 9–10 vs. day 11–12 and p < 0.05 for percent seropositive patients day 9–10 to 17–18). There was no significant difference in the IgG antibody time to seroconversion between critical and non-critical patients.

Access to healthcare and prevalence of anxiety and depression in persons with epilepsy during the COVID-19 pandemic: A multicountry online survey

Van Hees,  S,  Siewe Fodjo, et al

Epilepsy and Behavior

Clinical data| Données cliniques Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

The objective of this study was to assess access to healthcare and to estimate the prevalence of depression and anxiety among persons with epilepsy (PWE) during the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Methods: We conducted a multicountry online survey among PWE. Persons with epilepsy were invited to participate through various social media channels. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) scale were used to score anxiety and depression. Results:  Two hundred three PWE reported symptoms of a cold since January 2020. Nine (25%) of the 36 PWE tested for COVID were positive. A total of 72 PWE (19.6%) reported problems to obtain antiseizure medication (ASM), which in 25% of cases was directly COVID-related. Of the 399 PWE, 201 (50.4%) screened positive for anxiety according to the HADS; 159 (39.8%) and 187 (46.9%) PWE screened positive for depression based on the HADS and PHQ-9 scale, respectively. Female gender and financial problems were associated with both depression and anxiety.

32810610; Clinical characteristics, management and in-hospital mortality of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 in Genoa, Italy

Vena,  A,  Giacobbe, et al

Clinical Microbiology and Infection

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques

To describe clinical characteristics, management and outcome of individuals with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); and to evaluate risk factors for all-cause in-hospital mortality. The most common underlying diseases were hypertension (149/317; 47.0%), cardiovascular disease (63/317; 19.9%) and diabetes (49/317; 15.5%). Common symptoms at the time of COVID-19 diagnosis included fever (285/317; 89.9%), shortness of breath (167/317; 52.7%) and dry cough (156/317; 49.2%).  On multivariable analysis, age (per-year increase OR 1.07; 95% CI 1.04–1.10; p < 0.001), cardiovascular disease (OR 2.58; 95% CI 1.07–6.25; p 0.03), and C-reactive protein levels (per-point increase OR 1.009; 95% CI 1.004–1.014; p 0.001) were independent risk factors for all-cause in-hospital mortality.

SARS-CoV-2-triggered neutrophil extracellular traps mediate COVID-19 pathology

Veras,  FP,  Pontelli, et al

J Exp Med

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques

We investigated whether neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) would be involved in COVID-19 pathophysiology. A cohort of 32 hospitalized patients with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 and healthy controls were enrolled. The concentration of NETs was augmented in plasma, tracheal aspirate, and lung autopsies tissues from COVID-19 patients, and their neutrophils released higher levels of NETs. Notably, we found that viable SARS-CoV-2 can directly induce the release of NETs by healthy neutrophils. Mechanistically, NETs triggered by SARS-CoV-2 depend on angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, serine protease, virus replication, and PAD-4. Finally, NETs released by SARS-CoV-2–activated neutrophils promote lung epithelial cell death in vitro. These results unravel a possible detrimental role of NETs in the pathophysiology of COVID-19. Therefore, the inhibition of NETs represents a potential therapeutic target for COVID-19.

Intestinal receptor of SARS-CoV-2 in inflamed IBD tissue seems downregulated by HNF4A in ileum and upregulated by interferon regulating factors in colon

Verstockt,  B,  Verstockt, et al

J Crohns Colitis

Clinical data| Données cliniques

We investigated the role of intestinal inflammation on the viral intestinal entry mechanisms, including ACE2, in IBD. Intestinal inflammation alters SARS-CoV-2 coreceptors in the intestine, with opposing dysregulations in ileum and colon. HNF4A, an IBD susceptibility gene, seems an important upstream regulator of ACE2 in ileum, whereas interferon signaling might dominate in colon.

Single-cell RNA Expression of SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry Factors in Human Endometrium during Preconception

Vilella Mitjana,  Felipe,  Wang, et al

bioRxiv

Coronavirology| Coronavirologie

We investigated potential SARS-CoV-2 tropism in human endometrium by single-cell RNA-sequencing of viral entry-associated genes in healthy women. Percentages of endometrial cells expressing ACE2, TMPRSS2, CTSB, or CTSL were <2%, 12%, 80%, and 80%, respectively, with 0.7% of cells expressing all four genes. Our findings imply low efficiency of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the endometrium before embryo implantation, providing information to assess preconception risk in asymptomatic carriers.

Clinical characteristics of individuals with Down syndrome deceased with CoVID-19 in Italy-A case series

Villani,  ER,  Carfì, et al

Am J Med Genet A

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques

This study assessed the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of individuals with Down syndrome (DS) deceased in Italian hospitals with CoVID-19.  Sixteen cases of death in individuals with DS (0.5% of all charts analyzed) were identified. Acute respiratory distress syndrome occurred in all 16 cases. Compared with individuals without DS, those with DS deceased with CoVID-19 were younger (52.3 ± 7.3 vs. 78.1 ± 10.6 years, p < .001) and presented a higher incidence of superinfections (31.2 vs. 13.0%, p = .029). Autoimmune diseases (43.8 vs. 4%, p < .001), obesity (37.5 vs. 11%, p = .009), and dementia (37.5 vs. 16.3%, p = .012) were more prevalent in individuals with DS. ICU admissions was similar in both groups (25 vs. 18.8%, p = .129).

ORGAN-SPECIFIC PATHOMORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES during COVID-19

Vorobeva,  OV,  Lastochkin, et al

Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity

Clinical data| Données cliniques

This study describes a case of severe COVID-19 with development of multiple organ failure. Female patient, 69 years old, was admitted to the therapeutic department and diagnosed with coronary heart disease and COVID-19. The patient’s condition was aggravated while applying therapy and death occurred. This clinical and morphological case demonstrates, in addition to lung damage, involvement in the process of the heart with the development of acute coronary syndrome (morphologically manifested by ischemic myocardial dystrophy) and the brain.

Effect of covid-19 lockdown in trauma cases of rural india

Waghmare,  A,  Shrivastava, et al

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences

Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

In this study, all the trauma patients coming to Acharya Vinobha Bhave Rural Hospital, Wardha were included irre-pective of their age and mode of trauma. Period of two weeks before and two weeks after the initiation of lockdown in India from 23rd march 2020 have been taken into consideration. Both the outpatient and emergency patients were included in our study. We have observed a significant fall on overall trauma cases as expected due to the lockdown. There was a fall in the total number of cases by around three times. Our study showed that the demography of geriatric trauma, which remained almost the same and nearly all of them were old age females. Low-velocity trauma has shown an increase after lockdown from 42% to 64%, while the total numbers of cases are still less as compared to before the lockdown. High-velocity trauma cases have been reduced from 52% to 31% after lockdown, which indicates less road traffic-related injuries. During the lockdown, however, we have seen a significant fall in head neck and face trauma when compared to the upper limb and lower limb trauma.

The impacts of a COVID-19 epidemic focus and general belief in a just world on individual emotions

Wang,  J,  Wang, et al

Personality and Individual Differences

Public Health Priorities| Priorités de santé publique Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

This study conducted two experiments to explore this question during the COVID-19 epidemic. Experiment 1 (N = 92, Mage = 22.52, 48.91% was male) manipulated the focus regarding the COVID-19 epidemic to investigate the impact of this focus on participants' emotions. The results showed that compared with the nonepidemic focus group, the epidemic focus group had higher negative emotions and lower positive emotions. Experiment 2 (N = 200, Mage = 23.91, 49% was male) manipulated the epidemic focus and GBJW to investigate their effects on the participants' emotions. The results showed that high levels of "general belief in a just world" GBJW reduced negative emotions and increased positive emotions regardless of whether the participants were focused on the epidemic. This study expands the influence of the GBJW on individual emotions and finds that the GBJW can protect individuals' emotions when they face a major social disaster. These findings imply that controlling people's intake of information on the epidemic can avoid their suffering from the vicarious traumatization caused by epidemic-related information overload and that improving the public's GBJW protects their mental health during an epidemic.

Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine as ACE2 blockers to inhibit viropexis of 2019-nCoV Spike pseudotyped virus

Wang,  N,  Han, et al

Phytomedicine

Therapeutics| Thérapeutique

Chloroquine (CQ) and Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) have been reported to treat the disease, but the underlying mechanism remains controversial. Purpose: The objective of this study is to investigate whether CQ and HCQ could be ACE2 blockers and used to inhibit 2019-nCoV virus infection. Methods: In our study, we used CCK-8 staining, flow cytometry and immunofluorescent staining to evaluate the toxicity and autophagy of CQ and HCQ, respectively, on ACE2 high-expressing HEK293T cells (ACE2h cells). We further analyzed the binding character of CQ and HCQ to ACE2 by molecular docking and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) assays, 2019-nCoV spike pseudotyped virus was also used to observe the viropexis effect of CQ and HCQ in ACE2h cells. Results: Results showed that HCQ is slightly more toxic to ACE2h cells than CQ. Both CQ and HCQ could bind to ACE2 with KD = (7.31 ± 0.62)e−7 M and (4.82 ± 0.87)e−7 M, respectively. They exhibit equivalent suppression effect for the entrance of 2019-nCoV spike pseudotyped virus into ACE2h cells. Conclusions: CQ and HCQ both inhibit the entrance 2019-nCoV into cells by blocking the binding of the virus with ACE2. Our findings provide novel insights into the molecular mechanism of CQ and HCQ treatment effect on virus infection.

Deep Learning for the Detection of COVID-19 Using Transfer Learning and Model Integration

Wang,  N,  Liu, et al

 

Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes

We researched the diagnostic capabilities of deep learning on chest radiographs and an image classifier based on the COVID-Net was presented to classify chest X-Ray images. In the case of a small amount of COVID-19 data, data enhancement was proposed to expanded COVID-19 data 17 times. Our model aims at transfer learning, model integration and classify chest X-Ray images according to three labels: normal, COVID-19 and viral pneumonia. According to the accuracy and loss value, choose the models ResNet-101 and ResNet-152 with good effect for fusion, and dynamically improve their weight ratio during the training process. After training, the model can achieve 96.1% of the types of chest X-Ray images accuracy on the test set. This technology has higher sensitivity than radiologists in the screening and diagnosis of lung nodules. As an auxiliary diagnostic technology, it can help radiologists improve work efficiency and diagnostic accuracy. © 2020 IEEE.

Nonadherence to treatment and patient-reported outcomes of psoriasis during the covid-19 epidemic: A web-based survey

Wang,  Q,  Luo, et al

Patient Preference and Adherence

Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

Purpose: The COVID-19 epidemic has caused difficulties in continuous treatment for patients with chronic diseases and resulted in nonadherence to treatment and adverse health outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the associations of nonadherence to treatment with patient-reported outcomes of psoriasis during the COVID-2019 epidemic. Methods: A cross-sectional study among Chinese patients with psoriasis was conducted through a web-based questionnaire survey during 25 Feb 2020 and 6 Mar 2020. Demographic and clinical data, nonadherence to treatment, and patient-reported outcomes were collected. The outcomes included deterioration of the disease condition, perceived stress, and symptoms of anxiety and depression. Logistic regression was used to investigate the associations. Results: A total of 926 questionnaires were collected. A total of 634 (68.5%) reported nonadherence to treatment, and worse adherence was found among patients receiving systemic treatment (adjusted odds ratio AOR]: 2.67; 95% CI: 1.40–5.10) and topical treatment (AOR: 4.51; 95% CI: 2.66–7.65) compared to biological treatment. Nonadherence to treatment (less than two weeks and more than two weeks) was significantly associated with deterioration of psoriasis (a OR: 2.83 to 5.25), perceived stress (
AOR: 1.86 to 1.57), and symptoms of anxiety (AOR: 1.42 to 1.57) and depression (AORs: 1.78). Subgroup analysis by treatment showed consistent results in general. Conclusion: Nonadherence to treatment was associated with the aggravation of psoriasis conditions, perceived stress, and symptoms of anxiety and depression.

32794346; Receptor utilization of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) indicates a narrower host range of SARS-CoV-2 than that of SARS-CoV

Wang,  Q,  Qiu, et al

Transboundary and Emerging Diseases

Coronavirology| Coronavirologie

SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 most likely originated from bats. Thus, direct or indirect inter-species transmission from bats to humans is required for the viruses to cause pandemics. Receptor utilization is a key factor determining the host range of viruses which is critical to the inter-species transmission. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is the receptor of both SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, but only ACE2s of certain animals can be utilized by the viruses. We employed pseudovirus cell-entry assay to evaluate the receptor-utilizing capability of ACE2s of 20 animals by the two viruses and found that SARS-CoV-2 utilized less ACE2s than SARS-CoV, indicating a narrower host range of SARS-CoV-2.  The actual susceptibility of these animals to the coronaviruses should be further verified by in vivo studies. Our studies enhance the understanding of receptor utilization of pandemic coronaviruses, potentially contributing to the virus tracing, intermediate host screening and epidemic prevention for pathogenic coronaviruses.

The Prognostic Nutritional Index is associated with mortality of COVID-19 patients in Wuhan, China

Wang,  R,  He, et al

J Clin Lab Anal

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques

We designed this study to develop a prognostic nomogram incorporating Prognostic nutritional index (PNI) in COVID‐19 patients. Comparison of baseline characteristics showed non‐survivors had higher age (P < .001), male ratio (P = .038), neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR) (P < .001), platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (PLR) (P < .001), and PNI (P < .001) than survivors. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, independent risk factors of mortality in COVID‐19 patients included white blood cell (WBC) (OR 1.285, P = .039), PNI (OR 0.790, P = .029), LDH (OR 1.011, P < .015). These three factors were combined to build the prognostic model. Area under the ROC curve (AUC) of only PNI and the prognostic model was 0.849 (95%Cl 0.811‐0.888) and 0.950 (95%Cl 0.922‐0.978), respectively. And calibration plot showed good stability of the prognostic model.

Association of insomnia disorder with sociodemographic factors and poor mental health in COVID-19 inpatients in China

Wang,  Y,  Zhu, et al

Sleep medicine

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

The purpose of this study was to examine insomnia disorder and its association with sociodemographic factors and poor mental health in 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) inpatients in Wuhan, China. The prevalence of insomnia disorder in the whole sample was 42.8%. Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that female gender, younger age, and higher fatigue and anxiety severity were more likely to experience insomnia disorder.

Identification of Key Genes and Pathways in SARS-CoV-2 Infection using Bioinformatics Analysis

Wang,  Zhe,  Jiang, et al

Research Square prepub

Clinical data| Données cliniques Immunology | Immunologie

Study aimed to utilize bioinformatics method to analyze the expression profiling by high throughput sequencing in human bronchial organoids/primary human airway epithelial infected with SARS-CoV-2 to identify the potentially crucial genes and pathways associated with COVID-19. Methods: We analyzed microarray datasets GSE153970 and GSE150819 derived from the GEO database. Firstly, the Differentially expressed genes DEGs in human bronchial organoids/primary human airway epithelial infected with SARS-CoV-2. Next, the DEGs were used for GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis. Then, the PPI network was constructed and Cytoscape was used to find the key genes. Results: Gene expression profiles of GSE153970 and GSE150819, in all 12 samples were analyzed. A total of 145 DEGs and 5 hub genes were identified in SARS-CoV-2. Meanwhile, we found that the 145 genes are associated with immune responses and the top 5 hub genes including CXCL8, CXCL1, CXCL2, CCL20, and CSF2 were mainly related to leukocyte migration, endoplasmic reticulum lumen, receptor ligand activity. In addition, the results also showed that the hub genes were associated with Cytokine−cytokine receptor interaction, IL−17 signaling pathway, and Rheumatoid arthritis in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Conclusion: The five crucial genes consisting of CXCL8, CXCL1, CXCL2, CCL20, and CSF2 were considered as hub genes of SARS-CoV-2, which may be used as diagnostic biomarkers or molecular targets for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2. It is evidenced that bioinformatics analyses in SARS-CoV-2 can be useful for understanding the underlying molecular mechanism and exploring effective therapeutic targets.

Hydroxychloroquine treatment may benefit nucleic acid testing of sars-cov-2 turning negative in critically ill covid-19 patients: Report of 3 cases

Wei,  C,  Bai, et al

Biointerface Research in Applied Chemistry

Clinical data| Données cliniques

We report 3 cases of using hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of critically ill COVID-19 patients. Results show that hydroxychloroquine treatment may benefit nucleic acid testing, turning negative in these patients.

Tracking disease outbreaks from sparse data with Bayesian inference

Wilder,  Bryan,  MinaMichaelJ, et al

arXiv

Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie

We propose a Bayesian framework which accommodates partial observability in a principled manner. Our model places a Gaussian process prior over the unknown reproduction number at each time step and models observations sampled from the distribution of a specific testing program. For example, our framework can accommodate a variety of kinds of tests (viral RNA, antibody, antigen, etc.) and sampling schemes (e.g., longitudinal or cross-sectional screening). Inference in this framework is complicated by the presence of tens or hundreds of thousands of discrete latent variables. To address this challenge, we propose an efficient stochastic variational inference method which relies on a novel gradient estimator for the variational objective. Experimental results for an example motivated by COVID-19 show that our method produces an accurate and well-calibrated posterior, while standard methods for estimating the reproduction number can fail badly.

Impact of glycan cloud on the B-cell epitope prediction of SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein

Wintjens,  R,  Bifani, et al

npj Vaccines

Coronavirology| Coronavirologie

We model the trimeric Spike protein, including flexible loops and all N-glycosylation sites, in order to elucidate accessible epitopes for antibody-based diagnostics, therapeutics and vaccine development. We identify 28 B-cell epitopes in the Spike structure and group them as non-affected by the glycan cloud versus those which are strongly masked by the glycan cloud, resulting in a list of favourable epitopes as targets for vaccine development, antibody-based therapy and diagnostics.

Healthcare workers in Singapore infected with COVID-19: 23 January-17 April 2020

Wong,  LY,  Tan, et al

Influenza Other Respir Viruses

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie

The objective of this study was to describe the characteristics of healthcare workers (HCWs) infected with COVID-19 and to examine their sources of exposure.
Healthcare workers accounted for a small proportion of COVID-19 cases in Singapore with favourable outcomes.

Analysis of Characteristics and Causes of Anemia in 46 Severe and Critically Severe COVID-19 Patients

Wu,  Yu Han,  Meng, et al

Research Square prepub

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques

By analyzing characteristics and causes of anemia in 46 severe and critically severe COVID-19 patients that we treated, we aim to provide information on pathogenesis and the treatment method of COVID-19.Among the 50 COVID-19 patients, 46 patients suffered from normocytic autoimmune hemolytic anemia. The occurrence and severity of anemia was related to changes in titer of novel coronavirus IgM and IgG antibodies (r=0.071, P=0.897; r =0.41, P=0.361). The changes of the average Hb concentration and changes of average drug concentration of patients with anemia showed that anemia had a significant negative correlation with Arbidol (r=- 0.758, P=0.029), but no significant correlation with Ribavirin, Interferon α-2b and magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate(P0.05).

PMC7438071; Management and Outcomes of Patients With STEMI During the COVID-19 Pandemic in China

Xiang,  D,  Xiang, et al

J Am Coll Cardiol

Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

This study evaluates the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak and China Chest Pain Center’s modified STEMI protocol on the treatment and prognosis of STEMI patients in China. The COVID-19 outbreak reduced the number of STEMI cases reported to China Chest Pain Centers. Consistent with China Chest Pain Center’s modified STEMI protocol, the percentage of patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention declined while the percentage of patients undergoing thrombolysis increased. With an average delay of approximately 20 min for reperfusion therapy, the rate of in-hospital mortality and in-hospital heart failure increased during the outbreak, but the rate of in-hospital hemorrhage remained stable.

Exploration of turn-positive RT-PCR results and factors related to treatment outcome in COVID-19: A retrospective cohort study

Xiao,  Y,  Shi, et al

Virulence

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques

This study aimed to perform cause analysis of RT-PCR turn-positive and the effective screening factors related to treatment outcome in COVID-19. 116 COVID-19 patients (40 in recurrent group, 29 in recovered group and 47 in unrecovered group) were recruited. In the recurrent group, white blood cell, Neutrophils, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, CD3, CD4, CD8, ratio of CD4/CD8, IgG and C4 complement were of significant difference among the baseline, negative and turn-positive time points. CD19 and CT scan results were found notable difference between recurrent group and recovered group. Odds from CD3, CD4, CD8, CD19, IgM, C3 complement, C4 complement and CT scan results validated associations with clinical outcomes of COVID-19. The so-called recurrence in some COVID-19 patients may be due to the false-negative of nucleic acid test results from nasopharyngeal swabs. Levels of CD3, CD4, CD8, CD19, IgM, C3 complement, C4 complement and CT results were significantly correlated with the outcome of COVID-19. The cellular immunity test could be beneficial to further screen the reliability of RT-PCR test on the basis of CT images.

Urban parks as green buffers during the COVID-19 pandemic

Xie,  J,  Luo, et al

Sustainability (Switzerland)

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

This paper emphasizes the critical role of urban parks during the pandemic period from the perspective of the urban building environment. This survey was conducted from 1–5 April 2020; it collected 386 responses from residents of Chengdu, China, during the pandemic based on an online survey questionnaire. The results indicate that most of the residents believe their health status is poor, and that they do not experience adequate social contact with others. Most of the respondents indicated no difference in mental health, while a few reported differences in their physical health and social interaction levels. The conclusion affirms that urban parks and large outdoor, open spaces can provide residents with a place for safe outdoor activities and social interaction in a green environment during a pandemic, as well as serve as a buffer area to maintain favorable health and quality of life.

A predictive model for COVID-19 spreading

Xie,  J,  Sun, et al

Kexue Tongbao/Chinese Science Bulletin

Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique

we performed a stage-rolling Susceptible-Exposed-Infectious-Recovered (SEIR) model to measure the evolution of the basic reproduction number of COVID-19, based on the number of confirmed infections announced by the National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China.

An extensive search trends-based analysis of public attention on social media in the early outbreak of covid-19 in china

Xie,  T,  Tan, et al

Risk Management and Healthcare Policy

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

The aim of this study was to investigate the reaction of global Internet users to the outbreak of COVID-19. After the outbreak of COVID-19, both daily Baidu Attention Index and daily Google Trends increased rapidly and remained at a high levels. When major events occurred, daily BAI, daily GT, and the number of rumors simultaneously reached new peaks. Our study indicates that these indexes and rumors are statistically related to disease-related indicators. Information symmetry was also found to help significantly eliminate the false news and to prevent rumors from spreading across social media through the epidemic outbreak.

Identification of Hub genes associated with infection of three lung cell lines by SARS-CoV-2 with integrated bioinformatics analysis

Xie,  TA,  Han, et al

J Cell Mol Med

Coronavirology| Coronavirologie

This study focused on gene expression in three types of cells infected with SARS‐CoV‐2, including primary human lung epithelium (NHBE), transformed lung alveolar (A549) cells and transformed lung‐derived Calu‐3 cells. The original microarray data of GSE147507 were obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). The study was designed to identify key biomarker candidates for SARS‐CoV‐2 and improve the diagnosis and prognosis based on functional and molecular analyses by evaluating DEGs in three groups.

SARS-CoV-2 RNA reference materials

Xu,  L,  Liang, et al

Kexue Tongbao/Chinese Science Bulletin

Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes

To establish the measurement traceability for SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection, a novel RNA reference material (RM) was developed. The RM is a mixed solution of 3 in vitro transcribed RNA molecules which cover different key target sequences of SARS-CoV-2 gene. Our RNA RMs showed high generalizability among 9 kits. The development of RNA RM provides the metrological basis for the quality control of SARS-CoV-2 detection kits.

COVID-19-like symptoms observed in Chinese tree shrews infected with SARS-CoV-2

Xu,  L,  Yu, et al

Zool Res

Clinical data| Données cliniques Animal model | Modèle animal

Identifying animal species susceptible to infection with the SARS-CoV-2/ HCoV-19 pathogen is essential for controlling the outbreak and for testing valid prophylactics or therapeutics based on animal model studies. Here, different aged Chinese tree shrews (adult group, 1 year old; old group, 5-6 years old), which are close relatives to primates, were infected with SARS-CoV-2. X-ray, viral shedding, laboratory, and histological analyses were performed on different days post-inoculation (dpi). Results showed that Chinese tree shrews could be infected by SARS-CoV-2. Lung infiltrates were visible in X-ray radiographs in most infected animals. Viral RNA was consistently detected in lung tissues from infected animals at 3, 5, and 7 dpi, along with alterations in related parameters from routine blood tests and serum biochemistry, including increased levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN). Histological analysis of lung tissues from animals at 3 dpi (adult group) and 7 dpi (old group) showed thickened alveolar septa and interstitial hemorrhage. Several differences were found between the two different aged groups in regard to viral shedding peak. Our results indicate that Chinese tree shrews have the potential to be used as animal models for SARS-CoV-2 infection.

32691828; Environmental Sampling for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 During a COVID-19 Outbreak on the Diamond Princess Cruise Ship

Yamagishi,  T,  Ohnishi, et al

The Journal of infectious diseases

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Transmission

During a COVID-19 outbreak on the Diamond Princess cruise ship we sampled environmental surfaces after passengers and crew vacated cabins. SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in 58 of 601 samples (10%) from case cabins 1-17 days after cabins were vacated but not from noncase cabins. There was no difference in detection proportion between cabins of symptomatic (15%, 28/189; cycle quantification Cq], 29.79-38.86) and asymptomatic cases (21%, 28/131; Cq, 26.21-38.99). No SARS-CoV-2 virus was isolated from any of the samples. Transmission risk of SARS-CoV-2 from symptomatic and asymptomatic patients may be similar and surfaces could be involved in transmission. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Low serum calcium and phosphorus and their clinical performance in detecting COVID-19 patients

Yang,  C,  Ma, et al

J Med Virol

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques

This study aimed to evaluate the predictive performance of low serum calcium and phosphorus in discriminative diagnosis of the severity of COVID‐19 patients. Low calcium and low phosphorus are more prevalent in severe/critical COVID‐19 patients than moderate COVID‐19 patients (OR 15.07, 95%CI 1.59 ‐143.18 for calcium, OR 6.90, 95%CI 2.43 ‐ 19.64 for phosphorus). The specificity in detecting the severe/critical patients among COVID‐19 patients reached 98.5% (95%CI 92.0‐99.7%) and 84.4% (95%CI 74.3‐91.6%) by low calcium and low phosphorus, respectively, albeit with suboptimal sensitivity. Calcium and phosphorus combined with lymphocyte count could obtain the best discriminative performance for the severe COVID‐19 patients (area under the curve (AUC) = 0.80), and combined with oxygenation index was promising (AUC = 0.71). Similar discriminative performances of low calcium and low phosphorus were found between suspected and confirmed COVID‐19 patients.

The effect of a short-term Balint group on the communication ability and self-efficacy of pre-examination and triage nurses during COVID-19

Yang,  C,  Zhou, et al

J Clin Nurs

Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

This study investigates the effect of a short‐term Balint group on the improvement in communication ability and self‐efficacy of pre‐examination and triage nurses during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). Most of the subjects reported improvement in nurse‐patient communication, increased cooperation between patients and their families, and a decreased missed examination rate after the intervention. Moreover, the total mean score of the GSES of nurses after the intervention was increased, but the difference was not statistically significant. The scores of all items in the GSES were improved, and the scores increase for item 4 (I am confident that I can effectively deal with any unexpected event) was statistically significant.

Molecular interaction and inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 binding to the ACE2 receptor

Yang,  J,  Petitjean, et al

Nat Commun

Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique

We use atomic force microscopy to investigate the mechanisms by which the S-glycoprotein binds to the ACE2 receptor. We demonstrate, both on model surfaces and on living cells, that the receptor binding domain (RBD) serves as the binding interface within the S-glycoprotein with the ACE2 receptor and extract the kinetic and thermodynamic properties of this binding pocket. we test several binding inhibitor peptides targeting the virus early attachment stages, offering new perspectives in the treatment of the SARS-CoV-2 infection.

A Retrospective Study of the C-Reactive Protein to Lymphocyte Ratio and Disease Severity in 108 Patients with Early COVID-19 Pneumonia from January to March 2020 in Wuhan, China

Yang,  M,  Chen, et al

Med Sci Monit

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of C-reactive protein (CRP), lymphocytes (LYM), and the ratio of CRP to LYM (CRP/LYM) on assessing the prognosis of COVID-19 severity at early stages of disease. The effect of CRP/LYM and CRP on the assessment for severe COVID-19 may be superior to LYM alone. CRP/LYM is a highly sensitive indicator to assess the severity of COVID-19 in the early stage of disease.

Origin-independent analysis links SARS-CoV-2 local genomes with COVID-19 incidence and mortality

Yang,  W,  Jin, et al

Brief Bioinform

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Coronavirology| Coronavirologie

To ensure unbiased and origin-independent analyses, we used a pairwise comparison of local genome sequences of virus genomes by Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST). We found a strong statistical correlation between dominance of the SARS-CoV-2 in distributions of uneven similarities and the incidence and mortality of illness. Genomic annotation of the BLAST hits also showed that viruses from geographic regions with severe infections tended to have more dynamic genomic regions in the SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD) and receptor-binding motif (RBM) of the spike protein (S protein). Dynamic domains in the S protein were also confirmed by a canyon region of mismatches coincident with RBM and RBD, without hits of alignments of 100% matching. Thus, our origin-independent analysis suggests that the dynamic and unstable SARS-CoV-2-RBD could be the main reason for diverse incidence and mortality of COVID-19 infection.

Determinants of physical activity maintenance during the Covid-19 pandemic: a focus on fitness apps

Yang,  Y,  Koenigstorfer, et al

Transl Behav Med

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

This study aims to investigate changes in U.S. residents' physical activity (PA) during (vs. before) the Covid-19 pandemic and predictors of changes, with a focus on PA smartphone applications (apps) and their features (i.e., motivational, educational, or gamification related). The study utilized a two-wave longitudinal survey design with an online panel. Healthy adults (N = 431) from 45 U.S. states self-reported their PA levels before and during lockdown. PA app use and app feature ratings were assessed. t-tests and regression analyses were conducted. Moderate PA, vigorous PA, and PA measured in metabolic equivalent of task (MET) minutes per week decreased during lockdown (all p < .01). Controlling for PA before lockdown and individuals' PA intentions, PA app use was positively related to overall change in PA, measured in MET minutes per week (β = 15.68, standard error = 7.84, p < .05). PA decreased less with increasing app use frequency. When app features were added to the model, a buffering effect for gamification features was identified. The Covid-19-caused lockdown decreased U.S. residents' PA levels by 18.2%. The use of PA apps may help buffer the decline, and gamification-related app features may be particularly helpful in this context.

Label-Free Segmentation of COVID-19 Lesions in Lung CT

Yao,  Qingsong,  Xiao, et al

arXiv

Clinical data| Données cliniques

We herein present a label-free approach for segmenting COVID-19 lesions in CT via pixel-level anomaly modeling that mines out the relevant knowledge from normal CT lung scans. Our modeling is inspired by the observation that the parts of tracheae and vessels, which lay in the high-intensity range where lesions belong to, exhibit strong patterns. To facilitate the learning of such patterns at a pixel level, we synthesize `lesions' using a set of surprisingly simple operations and insert the synthesized `lesions' into normal CT lung scans to form training pairs, from which we learn a normalcy-converting network (NormNet) that turns an 'abnormal' image back to normal. Our experiments on three different datasets validate the effectiveness of NormNet, which conspicuously outperforms a variety of unsupervised anomaly detection (UAD) methods.

Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine in Treatment of Critical Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Patient with Endotracheal Intubation: A Case Report

Yao,  SY,  Lei, et al

Chin J Integr Med

Clinical data| Données cliniques

A 37-year old male patient was admitted to the Xiangtan Central Hospital on Jan 28, 2020

The first case of COVID-19 infant in Sichuan Province: case report and literature review

Ye,  Y,  Sun, et al

Chinese Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pediatrics

Clinical data| Données cliniques

in chinese: case report infant. The results of the Mycoplasma pneumonia, Chlamydophila pneumonia, influenza A and B virus antigens all were negative after admission. Chest CT examination results showed that multiple subpleural light ground glass opacities were found in both lungs. Two times of nasopharyngeal swabs of SARS-CoV-2 both were positive with RT-PCR test, and the infant was confirmed as COVID-19 based on epidemiological data, clinical manifestations, imaging findings, and RT-PCR test results. Clinical symptoms of shortness of breath and cough disappeared, lung lesions absorbed on chest imaging, and RT-PCR test turned to negative after symptomatic treatment of the infant. Currently, the infant was observed continually and waited for discharge

Efficacy of umifenovir in the treatment of mild and moderate covid-19 patients

Yethindra,  V,  Tagaev, et al

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences

Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique RCT

This exploratory randomized and controlled study recruited 30 COVID-19 patients admitted to the hospital until May 18, 2020. Fifteen eligible patients randomly allocated underwent umifenovir therapy (600 mg/d). Thirty COVID-19 patients (mean age: 36.5 years SD: 12.1, range: 19-59]), including 18 (60%) males and 12 (40%) females, were recruited for the study. There were no significant differences in age or gender, but there were significant differences in TTCR among the two categories. Body temperature (BT) and cough recuperation time 2.8 (0.6) and 2.6 (0.6) days, respectively were highly reduced in the umifenovir category at 2.4 and 2.1 days, respectively. Moreover, many patients treated with umifenovir exhibited no side effects. In this study, pneumonia was ameliorated in 76.6% (23/30) of the patients, with moderate and potential amelioration in 36.6% and 40% of the patients, respectively. In addition, 66.6% of the patients in the umifenovir category had potential pneumonia absorption.

Quantitative microbial risk assessment of SARS-CoV-2 for workers in wastewater treatment plants

Zaneti,  RN,  Girardi, et al

Science of the Total Environment

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Transmission

This is the first study that investigates the potential health risks of SARS-CoV-2 in sewage to wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) workers. A quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) is applied for three COVID-19 scenarios (moderate, aggressive and extreme) to study the effects of different stages of the pandemic in terms of percentage of infected population on the probability of infection to WWTP workers. Results reveal that estimates of viral RNA in sewage at the entrance of WWTPs ranged from 4.14 × 101 to 5.23 × 103 GC·mL−1. In addition, estimated risks for the aggressive and extreme scenarios  were likely to be above the derived tolerable infection risk for SARS-CoV-2 of 5.5 × 10−4 pppy, thus reinforcing the concern of sewage systems as a possible transmission pathway of SARS-CoV-2.

COVID-19 infection in NMO/SD patients: a French survey

Zeidan,  S,  Maillart, et al

J Neurol

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques

We conducted a monocentric retrospective case-series study of Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMO/SD) patients with highly suspected or proven COVID-19.  They fulfilled at least one of the three NMO diagnostic criteria sets and were registered in the NOMADMUS cohort (gathering data from French expert NMO/SD centers).

Socio-labor consequences of confinement by COVID-19 in patients with multiple sclerosis in two very different populations

Zhang,  GX,  Sanabria, et al

Neurologia

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

We wanted to compare the socio-labor effect of confinement in two populations as different as Spain and China, in patients with MS. The Chinese population has a higher proportion of younger patients and there is no difference regarding gender. Most of the variables studied behaved the same way in both Spanish and Chinese MS patients. Spanish patients had less impact (30.7%) on their socio-economic situation than Chinese (44%), P < .05.

32884226; Clinical characteristics and risk factors for liver injury in COVID-19 patients in Wuhan

Zhang,  H,  Liao, et al

World journal of gastroenterology

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques

This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and risk factors for liver injury in COVID-19 patients in Wuhan. The 218 patients included 94 males (43.1%), aged 22 to 94 (50.1 ± 18.4) years. Multivariate analysis revealed that male sex, high D-dimer level, and high neutrophil percentage were linked to a higher risk of liver injury. The early stage of COVID-19 may be associated with mildly elevated aminotransferase levels in patients in Wuhan. Male sex and high D-dimer level and neutrophil percentage may be important predictors of liver injury in patients with COVID-19.

Analysis of the Virus Contamination and Disinfection Effect in Isolation Ward of Patients With COVID-19

Zhang,  S,  Wang, et al

Frontiers in Public Health

Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI) Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

Authors analyzed 31 high-frequency contact sites in three isolation wards of actively sick patients, of which seven were positive. Positive sites included the transfer window, bed rail, buffer room door handle, toilet door handle, and toilet faucet. All 55 samples taken from the wards of cured patients and the wards after terminal disinfection were negative. Virus contamination in areas frequently touched by patients in the isolation ward was high, so the awareness of correct disinfection must be increased. Use of 1,000–2,000 mg/L chlorine-containing disinfectant in the isolation ward was effective.

Application of multi-disciplinary team based on prevention and control management mode under online in outpatient follow-up of children with Kawasaki disease and complicated with coronary artery lesion during COVID-19 epidemic period

Zhang,  Y,  Wang, et al

Chinese Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pediatrics

Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

In Chinese:  From 21 January, 2020 to 19 February, 2020, a total of 35 children with Kawasaki disease and complicated with CAL who received long-term treatment in the Department of Cardiovascular of Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital and needed to go to the hospital for referral during epidemic outbreak period were selected as research subjects. During COVID-19 epidemic period, intervention of MDT based on PCM-online achieves the purpose of epidemic prevention and control of COVID-19 and promotes the recovery of children with Kawasaki disease and complicated with CAL which is a new model for prevention and control of COVID-19 with low-risk, low-cost and high-efficiency under severe epidemic situation. Due to the relatively small sample-size and relatively short period of time enrolled in this study, whether this model is worthy of clinical popularization and application remains to be further studied and confirmed.

32661139; Broad and Differential Animal Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 Receptor Usage by SARS-CoV-2

Zhao,  X,  Chen, et al

Journal of virology

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Animal model | Modèle animal zoonoses

In an effort to search for the potential intermediate or amplifying animal hosts of SARS-CoV-2, we examined receptor activity of ACE2 from 14 mammal species and found that ACE2s from multiple species can support the infectious entry of lentiviral particles pseudotyped with the wild-type or furin cleavage site-deficient S protein of SARS-CoV-2. ACE2 of human/rhesus monkey and rat/mouse exhibited the highest and lowest receptor activities, respectively.

32641482; LY6E Restricts Entry of Human Coronaviruses, Including Currently Pandemic SARS-CoV-2

Zhao,  X,  Zheng, et al

Journal of virology

Coronavirology| Coronavirologie

We found that LY6E also efficiently restricted the entry mediated by the envelope spike proteins of other human coronaviruses, including the currently pandemic SARS-CoV-2. The work reported herein thus demonstrates that LY6E is a critical antiviral immune effector that controls CoV infection and pathogenesis via a mechanism distinct from other factors that modulate CoV entry.

The Effects of Online Homeschooling on Children, Parents, and Teachers of Grades 1-9 During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Zhao,  Y,  Guo, et al

Med Sci Monit

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

The homeschooling behaviors and feelings of school-age children were assessed with 2010 online surveys obtained separately from students, parents, and teachers of grades 1-9 in 15 Chinese provinces. We found that 76% of the respondents thought the homeschooling style was acceptable. Students should continue the going-to-school rhythm at home to cope with changes caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Integrated grade-specific approaches are needed. Because long screen time and insufficient outdoor activities can severely affect children’s eyesight, appropriate eye-protection measures should be implemented.

PMC7396968; A Learning-Based Model to Evaluate Hospitalization Priority in COVID-19 Pandemics

Zheng,  Y,  Zhu, et al

Patterns (N Y)

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes

The emergence of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is placing an increasing burden on healthcare systems. Although the majority of infected patients experience non-severe symptoms and can be managed at home, some individuals develop severe symptoms and require hospital admission. Therefore, it is critical to efficiently assess the severity of COVID-19 and identify hospitalization priority with precision. In this respect, a four-variable assessment model, including lymphocyte, lactate dehydrogenase, C-reactive protein, and neutrophil, is established and validated using the XGBoost algorithm. This model is found to be effective in identifying severe COVID-19 cases on admission, with a sensitivity of 84.6%, a specificity of 84.6%, and an accuracy of 100% to predict the disease progression toward rapid deterioration. It also suggests that a computation-derived formula of clinical measures is practically applicable for healthcare administrators to distribute hospitalization resources to the most needed in epidemics and pandemics.

32867591; The Sinonasal Outcome Test–22 or European Position Paper: Which Is More Indicative of Imaging Results?

Zhou,  AS,  Prince, et al

Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery (United States)

Clinical data| Données cliniques Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé

Objective: The 22-item Sinonasal Outcome Test (SNOT-22) is a trusted measure of symptom severity in chronic rhinosinusitis.  Study Design: Observational outcomes study. Setting: Tertiary care center. Methods: In total, 162 consecutive patients provided a structured sinonasal history Results: In ROC-AUC analyses, SNOT-22 and EPOS-defined symptoms had similar discriminatory capacity for Lund-Mackay scores, regardless of duration. Within ordinal regression analyses, SNOT-22 nasal scores were significantly associated with Lund-Mackay scores, while EPOS-defined nasal symptoms were not statistically significantly related. Conclusions: SNOT-22 nasal scores and EPOS-defined nasal symptoms may have similar associations with imaging results when assessed via ROC-AUC, while SNOT-22 may have more association within ordinal data. Understanding the implications of discrete patterns of symptoms may confer benefit, particularly when in-person and fiberoptic exams are limited.

Clinical analysis of a twin pregnancy woman in close contact with a patient with suspected COVID-19

Zhou,  L,  Chen, et al

Chinese Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pediatrics

Clinical data| Données cliniques

In Chinese: Clinical analysis data of this subject were as follows. ①The twin pregnancy with in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer, without pregnancy-related complications, and without fever, dry cough or other clinical symptoms. ②Epidemiology data: the husband of this subject was a patient with suspected COVID-19. The subject lived in close contact with her husband and did not take any isolation, disinfection or other protective measures. ③Pregnancy outcomes: after the admission to our hospital, the subject was admitted to a single isolation ward and managed in accordance with the protection standards for COVID-19 suspected patient. The subject delivered a pair of live twins at 37+ 3 gestational weeks by cesarean section, with birth weights of 2 430 g and 2 510 g, respectively. ④Laboratory examinations and imaging examination results of COVID-19: the subject received chest CT examination immediately after delivery, and the results showed that there was no obvious abnormality, and the detections of severe acute respiratory distress syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) nucleic acid in nasopharynx swab, rectum swab, amniotic fluid and fetal membrane samples all were negative.

Social support and acute stress symptoms (ASSs) during the COVID-19 outbreak: deciphering the roles of psychological needs and sense of control

Zhou,  X,  Yao, et al

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

The current study sought to examine the underlying mechanisms by which social support relieves ASSs, among primary and secondary school teachers. A sample of 751 primary and secondary school teachers was selected to answer self-reported questionnaires regarding ASSs, social support, psychological needs, and the sense of control. Structural equation modelling revealed that social support had a non-significant direct relationship with ASSs, and a significant indirect relationship with reduced ASSs via the needs for autonomy and relatedness, and via the paths from three types of psychological needs to the sense of control.

COVID-19 and Guillain–Barré Syndrome: A Case Report and Review of Literature

Zito,  A,  Alfonsi, et al

Frontiers in Neurology

Clinical data| Données cliniques

We observed a 57-year-old man developing acute motor-sensory axonal neuropathy, a variant of Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS), 12 days after severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection.

Clinical characteristics and outcome of hemodialysis patients with COVID-19: a large cohort study in a single Chinese center

Zou,  R,  Chen, et al

Ren Fail

Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques

Here we report the clinical features of 66 hemodialysis patients with laboratory confirmed COVID-19 infection. Retrospective, single-center case series of the 66 hemodialysis patients with confirmed COVID-19 from 1 January to 5 March 2020. The incidence of COVID-19 in our center was 11.0% (66/602), of which 18 patients died. According to different prognosis, hemodialysis patients with COVID-19 were divided into the survival and death group. A higher incidence of fever and dyspnea was found in the death group compared with the survival group. Meanwhile, patients in the death group were often accompanied by higher white blood cell count, prolonged PT time, increased D-dimer (p < .05). More patients in the death group showed hepatocytes and cardiomyocytes damage. Furthermore, logistic regression analysis suggested that fever, dyspnea, and elevated D-dimer were independent risk factors for death in hemodialysis patients with COVID-19 (OR, 1.077; 95% CI, 1.014 to 1.439; p = .044; OR, 1.146; 95% CI, 1.026 to 1.875; p = .034, OR, 4.974; 95% CI, 3.315 to 6.263; p = .007, respectively). The potential risk factors of fever, dyspnea, and elevated D-dimer could help clinicians to identify hemodialysis patients with poor prognosis at an early stage of COVID-19 infection.

Evaluating e-learning google classroom tools for computer science subjects during covid-19 pandemic

Zulkefli,  NAM,  Hashim, et al

International Journal of Advanced Trends in Computer Science and Engineering

Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique

This study aims to evaluate the e-learning Google Classroom as a teaching and learning tool during the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 22 Computer Science students at a higher learning institution in Oman enrolled in Computer Programming, Introduction to Database Management System, Network System, Web Development, Operating System, and Management Information System competed in the study.  The study attested that the mean level of challenge faced by students in using Google Classroom is 3.71. Meanwhile, the Pearson correlation test found that the significant value was .000. Therefore, there was a relationship between technical support for the operating system and social presence aspects. Hence, the null hypothesis (H0) was rejected.

Vital role of chest CT in diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)

Afshar,  ZM,  Ebrahimpour, et al

Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Potential Therapeutic Roles for Direct Factor Xa Inhibitors in Coronavirus Infections

Al-Horani,  R

Am J Cardiovasc Drugs

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Current approaches used in treating COVID-19 from a molecular mechanisms and immune response perspective

Alnefaie,  A,  Albogami, et al

Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

The 2020 Pandemic: Current SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Development

Alturki,  SO,  Alturki, et al

Frontiers in Immunology

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

32890355; Humor in the Age of COVID-19 Lockdown: An Explorative Qualitative Study

Amici,  P

Psychiatria Danubina

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Oral Manifestations in Patients with COVID-19: A Living Systematic Review

Amorim Dos Santos,  J,  Normando, et al

J Dent Res

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

SR: literature search was conducted in 6 databases and in gray literature. In mild cases, oral mucosal lesions developed before or at the same time as the initial respiratory symptoms; however, in those who required medication and hospitalization, the lesions developed approximately 7 to 24 d after onset symptoms. Therefore, taste disorders may be common symptoms in patients with COVID-19 and should be considered in the scope of the disease's onset and progression.

An insight on wabāi amrād (Epidemic diseases) and covid-19 like conditions – unani perspective

Ansari,  P,  Ahmed, et al

International Journal of Current Research and Review

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Vitreoretinal surgery in the post-lockdown era: Making the case for combined phacovitrectomy

Antaki,  F,  Milad, et al

Clinical Ophthalmology

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

The Natural History of SARS-Cov-2 Related Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C): A Systematic Review

Aronoff,  SC,  Hall, et al

J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

SR: Case reports and series of MIS-C were recovered from repeated MEDLINE searches, a single EMBASE search and table of contents reviews of major general medicine and pediatric journals performed between June 3 and July 23, 2020. MIS-C following SARS-Cov-2 infection frequently presents with gastrointestinal complaints and/or rash; conjunctivitis, chelitis and/or extremity changes also occur frequently. Serious complications occur frequently and respond to aggressive supportive therapy.

Disease, Downturns, and Wellbeing: Economic History and the Long-Run Impacts of COVID-19

Arthi,  Vellore,  Parman, et al

SSRN- Lancet prepublication

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Diagnostic approaches in COVID-19: clinical updates

Asrani,  P,  Eapen, et al

Expert Rev Respir Med

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

PMC7474891; Hand sanitizer associated ocular chemical injury: A mini-review on its rise under COVID-19

Au,  SCL

Vis J Emerg Med

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Clinical endodontic management during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A literature review and clinical recommendations

Azim,  AA,  Shabbir, et al

Int Endod J

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Efficacy of Tocilizumab in COVID-19: A Systematic review and Meta-Analysis

Aziz,  M,  Haghbin, et al

J Med Virol

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

SR-MA: literature search of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, WHO COVID, LitCOVID and Cochrane databases. The addition of TOC to SOC has the potential to reduce mortality and need for mechanical ventilation in patients with severe COVID-19.

32893272; Outcomes of COVID-19 in the Eastern Mediterranean Region in the first 4 months of the pandemic

BaHammam,  AS,  Bindayna, et al

Saudi medical journal

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

MA:  Meta-analytic pooling of the point estimates of death rate per country in the Gulf Cooperation Council countries was 0.6% (95% CI 0.50% - 0.65%). Wide variability was found between EMR countries in recovery and mortality, implying the possible impact of resource availability, and genetic and environmental factors on the morality and recovery of the COVID-19.

Coronavirus disease 2019, school closures, and children’s mental health

Bahn,  GH

Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

The post pandemic city: Challenges and opportunities for a non-motorized urban environment. An overview of Italian cases

Barbarossa,  L

Sustainability (Switzerland)

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Brachytherapy practice during the COVID-19 pandemic: a review on the practice changes

Barthwal,  M,  Pareek, et al

Journal of Contemporary Brachytherapy

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Covid-19 facets: Pandemics, curse and humanity

Bawiskar,  D,  Phansopkar, et al

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences

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Review of Current Vaccine Development Strategies to Prevent Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)

Bennet,  BM,  Wolf, et al

Toxicol Pathol

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The New Coronavirus COVID-19 Infection

Bevova,  MR,  Netesov, et al

Molecular Genetics, Microbiology and Virology

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Early Insights from Statistical and Mathematical Modeling of Key Epidemiologic Parameters of COVID-19

Biggerstaff,  M,  Cowling, et al

Emerg Infect Dis

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PMC7245314; Microvascular thrombosis: experimental and clinical implications

Bray,  MA,  Sartain, et al

Transl Res

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

A review: Coronavirus, its types, and impact of covid-19 on global wealth

Budhrani,  AB

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Neurological aspects of coronavirus infectious disease 2019 (Covid-19)

Butala,  N

Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Anosmia in COVID-19: Underlying Mechanisms and Assessment of an Olfactory Route to Brain Infection

Butowt,  R,  von Bartheld, et al

Neuroscientist

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Life lessons of the pandemic ”COVID-19”

Chaudhari,  BV,  Chawle, et al

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Covid-19 is a multifaceted challenging pandemic which needs urgent public health interventions

Contini,  C,  Caselli, et al

Microorganisms

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Principles Guiding Nonpandemic Critical Care Research During a Pandemic

Cook,  DJ,  Kho, et al

Crit Care Med

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

The future is now? Clinical and translational aspects of "Omics" technologies

D'Adamo,  GL,  Widdop, et al

Immunol Cell Biol

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

32827594; Caring for children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus: Italian Society for Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology (ISPED) statements during COVID-19 pandemia

d'Annunzio,  G,  Maffeis, et al

Diabetes research and clinical practice

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Cost-Effectiveness of Antiviral Treatments for Pandemics and Outbreaks of Respiratory Illnesses, Including COVID-19: A Systematic Review of Published Economic Evaluations

Dawoud,  DM,  Soliman, et al

Value in Health

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

SR: searched Medline (EBSCOhost), EMBASE (Ovid), EconLit (Ovid), National Health Service Economic Evaluation Database (Ovid), and Health Technology Assessment (Ovid). The search was last rerun on July 5, 2020.  Antiviral treatment for managing pandemics and outbreaks of respiratory illnesses that have very high case fatality rate, similar to COVID-19 pandemic, are likely to be cost-effective either as a standalone intervention or part of a multifaceted strategy.

Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infections: Possible Mechanisms of Neurological Implications—A Systematic Review

de Assis,  GG,  Murawska-Cialowicz, et al

Frontiers in Neurology

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

SR: Searches were conducted in PubMed databases from March 30 to April 1, 2020. Results indicate the involvement of the CNS in infections with various CoVs. Infection typically begins in the airway epithelia with subsequent alveolar involvement, and the virus then spreads to the CNS via neuronal contacts with the recruitment of axonal transport.

SARS-CoV-2 multifaceted interaction with human host. Part I: What we have learnt and done so far, and the still unknown realities

Delcuve,  GP,  Lakowski, et al

IUBMB life

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

PMC7476902; COVID-19 pandemic induced stress cardiomyopathy: A literature review

Desai,  HD,  Sharma, et al

Int J Cardiol Heart Vasc

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The review of covid-19 pandemic disease

Deshpande,  SB,  Parwe, et al

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences

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Genetic variants of the human host influencing the coronavirus-associated phenotypes (SARS, MERS and COVID-19): rapid systematic review and field synopsis

Di Maria,  E,  Latini, et al

Hum Genomics

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

Rapid Review:  review encompassing the scientific literature published from Jan. 2003 to June 2020. Studies collecting large cohorts from different ancestries are needed to further elucidate the role of host genetic variants in determining the response to CoVs infection.

Review of Ebola virus disease in children–how far have we come?

Dixit,  D,  Masumbuko Claude, et al

Paediatrics and International Child Health

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

32880819; Vaccine Against Covid-19 Disease – Present Status of Development

Dutta,  AK

Indian journal of pediatrics

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Medical Student Training in eHealth: Scoping Review

Echelard,  JF,  Méthot, et al

JMIR Med Educ

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

ScR: Searches were performed on 4 databases, and articles were selected based on the eligibility criteria. Studies had to be related to the training of medical students in eHealth. The eligibility criteria were studies published since 2014, from a peer-reviewed journal, and written in either English or French

32876803; Opioid and neuroHIV Comorbidity – Current and Future Perspectives

Fitting,  S,  McRae, et al

Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology

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Relationship between the history of cerebrovascular disease and mortality in COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Florez-Perdomo,  W,  Serrato-Vargas, et al

Clinical neurology and neurosurgery

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

SR-MA: PubMed, Embase, EBSCO Host, Scopus, Science Direct, Medline, and LILACS were searched. The history of cerebrovascular disease was associated with a 2.78-fold increased risk of mortality compared to patients with other comorbidities or without underlying pathologies.

COVID-19 – A TALE of TWO CITIES: SEATTLE and VANCOUVER

Fong,  BYF,  Law, et al

Asia Pacific Journal of Health Management

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

32884218; COVID-19 pandemic: Pathophysiology and manifestations from the gastrointestinal tract

Galanopoulos,  M,  Gkeros, et al

World journal of gastroenterology

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COVID-19: A bibliometric analysis and insights

Gautam,  P,  Maheshwari, et al

International Journal of Mathematical, Engineering and Management Sciences

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Social Isolation and Psychological Distress Among Older Adults Related to COVID-19: A Narrative Review of Remotely-Delivered Interventions and Recommendations

Gorenko,  JA,  Moran, et al

J Appl Gerontol

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The Potential Role of Heparin in Patients With COVID-19: Beyond the Anticoagulant Effect. A Review

Gozzo,  L,  Viale, et al

Frontiers in Pharmacology

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PMC7405163; ACE2, the Receptor that Enables Infection by SARS-CoV-2: Biochemistry, Structure, Allostery and Evaluation of the Potential Development of ACE2 Modulators

Gross,  LZF,  Sacerdoti, et al

ChemMedChem

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

An evidence-based systematic review on emerging therapeutic and preventive strategies to treat novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) during an outbreak scenario

Gudadappanavar,  AM,  Benni, et al

J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

SR:

'We didn't model that people would go to a party if they tested positive'

Guglielmi,  G

Nature

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Infectious Diseases Society of America Guidelines on the Diagnosis of COVID-19:Serologic Testing

Hanson,  KE,  Caliendo, et al

Clin Infect Dis

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

SR

Mortality and Disease Severity Among COVID-19 Patients Receiving Renin-Angiotensin System Inhibitors: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Hasan,  SS,  Kow, et al

Am J Cardiovasc Drugs

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

SR-MA: systematic literature search in PubMed, Google Scholar, and two preprint repositories (medRxiv and SSRN) without language restriction up to 19th August 2020. Since there was no increased risk of harm, the use of RAS inhibitors for hypertension and other established clinical indications can be maintained in COVID-19 patients.

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in patients with severe COVID-19 adult respiratory distress syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Hassaballa,  Aly Sherif,  Ahmed, et al

Research Square prepub

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

SR-MA: CENTRAL, MEDLINE/PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Scopus were systematically searched from inception to May 28, 2020.  The study included the largest number of patients with outcome findings of ECMO in this current pandemic. Our findings showed that the use of venovenous ECMO at high-volume ECMO centres may be beneficial for selected COVID 19 patients with severe ARDS.

PMC7323405; Resilience strategies to manage psychological distress among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: a narrative review

Heath,  C,  Sommerfield, et al

Anaesthesia

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Drug repurposing and cytokine management in response to COVID-19: A review

Heimfarth,  L,  Serafini, et al

International immunopharmacology

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

PMC7457919; Nanomedicine strategies to target coronavirus

Heinrich,  MA,  Martina, et al

Nano Today

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

The effect of antivirals on COVID-19: a systematic review

Hussain,  N,  Yoganathan, et al

Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

SR: search was done on Medline, Global Health, and EMBASE using keywords and MeSH terms relevant to COVID- 19 and antivirals. Limits were put on date to obtain articles between December 2019 to May 2020. Using antivirals in combination with other treatments has potential, however further randomised controlled trials with larger sample sizes are required to identify the best candidate components that should comprise combined treatments for COVID-19.

The coagulopathy, endotheliopathy, and vasculitis of COVID-19

Iba,  T,  Connors, et al

Inflamm Res

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Overview of the First 6 Months of Clinical Trials for COVID-19 Pharmacotherapy: The Most Studied Drugs

Idda,  ML,  Soru, et al

Frontiers in Public Health

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

COVID-19 and mortality in doctors

Iyengar,  KP,  Ish, et al

Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research and Reviews

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Disinfection booths in the context of covid-19 pandemic

Jameleddine Chtioui,  M,  Harzallah, et al

Tunisie Medicale

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

SR:  review was performed using Pubmed, Web of Science, INAHTA and GIN databases, from inception to June 4, 2020.  It is recommended to prohibit the use of disinfection booths in all structures.

A grave situation with COVID in the gravid: A narrative review

Joshi,  K,  Acharya, et al

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Possible preventive measures against the spread of covid-19-a review article

Jotheeswari,  P,  Yuvaraj, et al

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Anti-inflammatory properties of antidiabetic drugs: A “promised land” in the COVID-19 era?

Katsiki,  N,  Ferrannini, et al

Journal of diabetes and its complications

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Emerging skin-targeted drug delivery strategies to engineer immunity: A focus on infectious diseases

Korkmaz,  E,  Balmert, et al

Expert Opin Drug Deliv

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Nigella sativa L as a potential phytotherapy for coronavirus disease 2019: A mini review of in silico studies

Koshak,  DAE,  Koshak, et al

Current Therapeutic Research - Clinical and Experimental

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Coronavirus: Towards controlling of the pandemic-indian scenario

Kothari,  L,  Wadatkar, et al

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Specific SARS-CoV-2 myocarditis – Does it exist?

Krejčí,  J

Cor et vasa

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Covid-19 a new global outbreak: Diagnosis, treatment and prevention

Kumar,  A,  Goswami, et al

International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Lung ultrasound in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection

Kunze,  G,  Kovacikova, et al

Notfall und Rettungsmedizin

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

PMC7462970; Pharmaceutical assessment of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP): As excipient from conventional to controlled delivery systems with a spotlight on COVID-19 inhibition

Kurakula,  M,  Rao, et al

J Drug Deliv Sci Technol

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

A Systematic Review of the Neuropathologic Findings of Post-Viral Olfactory Dysfunction: Implications and Novel Insight for the COVID-19 Pandemic

Lee,  JC,  Nallani, et al

Am J Rhinol Allergy

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

SR:  PubMed and Embase were searched from inception through January 31st, 2020. The mechanism of post-viral olfactory dysfunction is highly complex, virus-dependent, and involves a combination of insults at multiple levels of the olfactory pathway.

32858069; Household transmission of COVID-19-a systematic review and meta-analysis

Lei,  H,  Xu, et al

Journal of Infection

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

SR-MA: PubMed, Embase, and a Chinese database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) on 1 July, 2020. Infection risk of household contacts is 10 times higher than other contacts. Risk of household transmission in adults is about 3-times higher than that in children.

Bioactive pyrrole-based compounds with target selectivity

Li Petri,  G,  Spanò, et al

European journal of medicinal chemistry

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

32691843; Global Seasonality of Human Seasonal Coronaviruses: A Clue for Postpandemic Circulating Season of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2?

Li,  Y,  Wang, et al

The Journal of infectious diseases

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

SR: searched Medline (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), Global Health (Ovid), Web of Science, and 3 Chinese databases (China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, and Chongqing VIP) for studies published between 1 January 1990 and 15 April 2020. This is the first study that provides an overview of the global seasonality of sCoVs. Our findings offer clues to the possible postpandemic circulating season of SARS-CoV-2 and add to the knowledge pool necessary for postpandemic preparedness for SARS-CoV-2.

32768702; Cluster infections play important roles in the rapid evolution of COVID-19 transmission: A systematic review

Liu,  T,  Gong, et al

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

The SARS-CoV-2 can be transmitted in various circumstances, and cluster infections play an important role in the rapid evolution of COVID-19 transmission. Prevention and control measures such as social distancing must be strictly implemented to contain these cluster infections. The SARS-CoV-2 can be transmitted in various circumstances, and cluster infections play an important role in the rapid evolution of COVID-19 transmission. Prevention and control measures such as social distancing must be strictly implemented to contain these cluster infections.

32673529; Prevalence of Cardiovascular Comorbidities in Coronavirus Disease 2019, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome: Pooled Analysis of Published Data

Liu,  Y,  Wu, et al

Journal of the American Heart Association

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

SR-MA: Relevant reports updated to April 17, 2020, were searched from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library with no restriction on language. The prevalence of cardiovascular comorbidities varies among different coronavirus-associated diseases. With the development of time, proportions of cardiovascular comorbidities in COVID-19 need further attention.

Coronavirus disease (COVID) 2019 in children – A short review

Lohiya,  SB,  Damke, et al

International Journal of Current Research and Review

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Unfolding the future: Self-controlled catalytic nanomotor in healthcare system

Londhe,  V,  Sharma, et al

Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Kawasaki disease in siblings and a review of drug treatment

Loo,  SKF,  Hon, et al

Drugs in Context

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Abdominal imaging findings in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a scoping review

Lui,  K,  Wilson, et al

Abdom Radiol (NY)

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

ScR:  review of MEDLINE, EMBASE, SCOPUS, and Web of Science was performed from inception to July 15, 2020 using PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Gastrointestinal manifestations and imaging manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection are increasingly reported and warrant specific attention during abdominal imaging.

COVID-19 and BCG vaccine: Is there a link?

Lyadova,  IV,  Staricov, et al

Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

COVID-19 Infection: Viral Macro- and Micro-Vascular Coagulopathy and Thromboembolism/Prophylactic and Therapeutic Management

Manolis,  AS,  Manolis, et al

J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther

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Can a metabolism-targeted therapeutic intervention successfully subjugate SARS-COV-2? A scientific rational

Mansouri,  K,  Rastegari-Pouyani, et al

Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

COVID-19 - 6 million cases worldwide and an overview of the diagnosis in Brazil: a tragedy to be announced

Marson,  FAL

Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Essential and Vulnerable: Implications of Covid-19 for Farmers in Ireland

Meredith,  D,  McNamara, et al

J Agromedicine

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Transferring COVID-19 challenges into learning potentials: Online workshops in architectural education

Milovanović,  A,  Kostić, et al

Sustainability (Switzerland)

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Beyond point of care diagnostics: Low-dimensional nanomaterials for electronic virus sensing

Muratore,  C,  Muratore, et al

Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology A: Vacuum, Surfaces and Films

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Positive aspects, negative aspects and limitations of plasma therapy with special reference to COVID-19

Nagoba,  B,  Gavkare, et al

Journal of Infection and Public Health

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Ultrastructure of Cell Trafficking Pathways and Coronavirus: How to Recognise the Wolf Amongst the Sheep

Neil,  D,  Moran, et al

J Pathol

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Histopathological findings in COVID-19-induced cutaneous lesions. Clinicopathological correlation of SARS-CoV-19 dermatologic patterns: review of the literature

Nieto-Benito,  L,  Hernández de la Torre-Ruiz, et al

Australas J Dermatol

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Pediatric Lung Imaging Features of Covid-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Nino,  G,  Zember, et al

Pediatr Pulmonol

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

SR-MA: search of PubMed was performed. Chest CT manifestations in children with COVID-19 could potentially be used for early identification and prompt intervention in the pediatric population.

Spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during the lockdown in the Indian population and preventive measures

Nisargandha,  MA,  Dadaraoparwe, et al

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Mortality Among COVID-19 Patients: A Meta-Analysis

Noor,  FM,  Islam, et al

J Community Health

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

MA: Three electronic databases including PubMed, Science Direct and Google Scholar were searched to identify relevant cohort studies of COVID-19 disease from January 1, 2020, to August 11, 2020. This meta-analysis revealed that the mortality rate among COVID-19 patients was highest in the European region and older age, gender, ICU patients, patients with comorbidity had a high risk for case fatality.

Risk factors for psychological impact and social stigma among people facing COVID 19: A systematic review

Nursalam,  N,  Sukartini, et al

Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

SR: searched five electronic databases (Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, CINAHL and ProQuest) for previous studies using a cross-sectional or quasi-experimental design published between March and April 2020. The factors contributed in psychology and social stigma studies are mostly quasi-experiment and cross-sectional. The average number of participants were more than one thousand overall for every study and discussed psychological impact and social stigma related factors. Factors contributing to psychological impact were age, gender, education background, economic, support system, health condition and source information., whilst factors contributing to social stigma were environmental, history of accompanying chronic diseases, discrimination, self-isolation and people's perceptions of the affected area.

A bibliometric analysis of COVID-19 research published in nursing journals

Oh,  J,  Kim, et al

Science Editing

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Therapeutics for COVID-19: from computation to practices—where we are, where we are heading to

Ojha,  PK,  Kar, et al

Molecular diversity

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

A rapid review investigating the potential impact of a pandemic on the mental health of young people aged 12-25 years

O'Reilly,  A,  Tibbs, et al

Ir J Psychol Med

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

Rapid Review: review of the published peer-reviewed literature, published between 1985 and 2020, using PsycINFO (Proquest) and Medline (Proquest) was conducted. More longitudinal research with young people, particularly adolescents in the general population, before and during the early stages of an infectious disease outbreak is needed to obtain a clear understanding of how best to support young people during these events.

Re-positive coronavirus disease 2019 PCR test: could it be a reinfection?

Osman,  AA,  Al Daajani, et al

New Microbes and New Infections

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

32876633; Impact of COVID-19 on liver disease and the public health in Peru

Padilla Machaca,  PM,  Cárdenas Ramírez, et al

Revista de gastroenterologia del Peru : organo oficial de la Sociedad de Gastroenterologia del Peru

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

The role of computational fluid dynamics tools on investigation of pathogen transmission: Prevention and control

Peng,  S,  Chen, et al

Science of the Total Environment

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Impact of respiratory protective devices on respiration: Implications for panic vulnerability during the COVID-19 pandemic

Perna,  G,  Cuniberti, et al

Journal of affective disorders

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Musculoskeletal check in smartphone overuse in covid 19 lockdown phase

Phansopkar,  P,  Naqvi, et al

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

32866437; Immune response in SARS-CoV-2 infection: the role of interferons type I and type III

Portela Sousa,  C,  Brites, et al

Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

COVID-19 what have we learned? The rise of social machines and connected devices in pandemic management following the concepts of predictive, preventive and personalised medicine

Radanliev,  Petar,  De Roure, et al

arXiv

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Data mining and analysis of scientific research data records on Covid 19 mortality, immunity, and vaccine development in the first wave of the Covid 19 pandemic

Radanliev,  Petar,  De Roure, et al

arXiv

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Utility of vaccination adopted in india forchildren to fight against COVID-19

Rana,  N,  Borage, et al

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Global sourcing strategies: A framework for lean, agile, and leagile

Rashad,  W,  Nedelko, et al

Sustainability (Switzerland)

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Therapeutic options for COVID – 19: Pandemic – a review

Reche,  A,  Kolse, et al

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

32878619; COVID-19 length of hospital stay: a systematic review and data synthesis

Rees,  EM,  Nightingale, et al

BMC medicine

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

SR: searched the bibliographic databases Embase and Medline, as well as the online pre-print archive medRxiv and included articles published up to 12 April 2020. Patients with COVID-19 in China appeared to remain in hospital for longer than elsewhere. This may be explained by differences in criteria for admission and discharge between countries, and different timing within the pandemic.

Kawasaki Disease: an Update

Rife,  E,  Gedalia, et al

Curr Rheumatol Rep

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

CLOTH FACE COVERINGS FOR USE AS FACEMASKS DURING THE CORONAVIRUS (SARS-CoV-2) PANDEMIC: WHAT SCIENCE AND EXPERIENCE HAVE TAUGHT US

Roberge,  RJ,  Roberge, et al

Disaster Med Public Health Prep

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Role of vitamin d in boosting immunity against covid-19

Roselin,  C,  Parameshwari, et al

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

PMC7434784; Antiviral potential of garlic (Allium sativum) and its organosulfur compounds: A systematic update of pre-clinical and clinical data

Rouf,  R,  Uddin, et al

Trends Food Sci Technol

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Understanding the consequence of COVID-19 on undergraduate medical education: Medical students’ perspective

Sani,  I,  Hamza, et al

Annals of Medicine and Surgery

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

COVID-19: A global pandemic

Sarda,  SR,  Tekale, et al

European Chemical Bulletin

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Cyber risk in health facilities: A systematic literature review

Sardi,  A,  Rizzi, et al

Sustainability (Switzerland)

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

SR

COVID-19: What Is Next for Portugal?

Shaaban,  AN,  Peleteiro, et al

Frontiers in Public Health

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Causes of deaths in covid-19 patients

Sharma,  A,  Sinha, et al

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

A structured review of placental morphology and histopathological lesions associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection

Sharps,  MC,  Hayes, et al

Placenta

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

COVID-19: ETIOLOGY, CLINICAL PICTURE, TREATMENT

Shchelkanov,  MY,  Kolobukhina, et al

Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Tailored breast imaging during the first wave and preparedness for the second wave of COVID-19 pandemic

Shimpi,  T,  Kulkarni, et al

European Journal of Radiology Open

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Druggable targets from coronaviruses for designing new antiviral drugs

Silva,  LR,  da Silva Santos-Júnior, et al

Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

32791222; Economic Impact of COVID-19 on a High-Volume Academic Neurosurgical Practice

Sivakanthan,  S,  Pan, et al

World Neurosurgery

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

SOME OPPORTUNITIES for IMMUNOTHERAPY in CORONAVIRUS INFECTION

Smirnov,  VS,  Totolian Areg, et al

Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

From Bad to Worse: The Impact of COVID-19 on Commercial Fisheries Workers

Sorensen,  J,  Echard, et al

J Agromedicine

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Impact of COVID-19 on the Cardiovascular System: A Review of Available Reports

Soumya,  RS,  Unni, et al

Cardiovasc Drugs Ther

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

COVID-19 pathways for brain and heart injury in comorbidity patients: A role of medical imaging and artificial intelligence-based COVID severity classification: A review

Suri,  JS,  Puvvula, et al

Computers in biology and medicine

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Critically-ill pediatric patients with COVID-19. An update

Taffarel,  P,  Jorro Barón, et al

Arch Argent Pediatr

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

COVID-19 and cardiac injury: clinical manifestations, biomarkers, mechanisms, diagnosis, treatment and follow up

Tajbakhsh,  A,  Gheibi Hayat, et al

Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

THE ROLES of VILLAGE HEALTH VOLUNTEERS: COVID-19 PREVENTION and CONTROL in THAILAND

Tejativaddhana,  P,  Suriyawongpaisal, et al

Asia Pacific Journal of Health Management

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Computational immune proteomics approach to target COVID-19

Tilocca,  B,  Britti, et al

J Proteome Res

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Novel β-Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2): Current and future aspects of pharmacological treatments

Tiwari,  N,  Upadhyay, et al

Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Diabetes and COVID-19: A pooled analysis related to disease severity and mortality

Varikasuvu,  SR,  Dutt, et al

Primary Care Diabetes

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

MA: COVID-19 patients with diabetes have a significantly higher risk of disease severity (OR = 2.20, 95% CI = 1.69–2.86, p < 0.00001) and associated mortality outcomes (OR = 2.52, 95% CI = 1.93–3.30, p = < 0.00001).

Working in the cathlab during COVID-19 pandemic

Varvařovský,  I,  Mates, et al

Cor et vasa

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Adaptive nutrients in strengthening the immune and respiratory system concerning COVID 19

Venipriyadharshini,  L

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

COVID-19 and its Therapeutics: Special Emphasis on Mesenchymal Stem Cells Based Therapy

Verma,  YK,  Verma, et al

Stem Cell Rev Rep

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Vitamin D Deficiency In Schizophrenia-Implications For COVID-19 Infection

Viani-Walsh,  D,  Kennedy-Williams, et al

Ir J Psychol Med

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Understanding the pathogen evolution and transmission prevention measures: Recent findings on molecular interventions towards covid-19 therapeutics via hints from the past

Vinusha,  HM,  Shivamallu, et al

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Progress on the basic reproduction number of SARS-CoV-2

Wan,  S,  Liu, et al

Kexue Tongbao/Chinese Science Bulletin

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

GS-5734: A potentially approved drug by FDA against SARS-Cov-2

Wang,  Z,  Yang, et al

New Journal of Chemistry

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Dual effects of immune responses during highly pathogenic coronavirus infections and implications for novel coronavirus vaccine research and development

Wen,  Z,  Li, et al

Chinese Journal of Microbiology and Immunology (China)

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

COVID-19 Neurological Manifestations and Underlying Mechanisms: A Scoping Review

Wenting,  A,  Gruters, et al

Frontiers in Psychiatry

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

ScR: searches in PubMed, PsycInfo, and CINAHL databases. Full text articles in English were included if they involved humans with COVID-19. The search was updated twice, the latest on 19 May 2020. Neurological manifestations of COVID-19 vary from mild (e.g. loss of taste and smell, dizziness, headache) to severe (e.g. ischemic stroke, encephalitis). Underlying pathways are suggested to be both indirect (as a result of thrombotic complication, inflammatory consequences, hypoxia, blood pressure dysregulation), and direct (neurotropic properties of the virus).

Men and COVID-19: the aftermath

White,  A

Postgrad Med

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Multisystem effects of COVID-19: A concise review for practitioners

White-Dzuro,  G,  Gibson, et al

Postgrad Med

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

A review on novel drug targets and future directions for COVID-19 treatment

Wondmkun,  YT,  Mohammed, et al

Biologics: Targets and Therapy

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Characterisation of clinical, laboratory and imaging factors related to mild vs. severe covid-19 infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Wu,  X,  Liu, et al

Ann Med

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

SR-MA: search included all relevant studies published prior to 1 April 2020. Our findings offer guidance for a wide spectrum of clinicians to early identify severe COVID-19 patients, transport to specialised centres, and initiate appropriate treatment.

Recent research for COVID-19 drugs and therapies

Xing,  Y,  Liu, et al

Kexue Tongbao/Chinese Science Bulletin

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

COVID-19 pandemic in China: Context, experience and lessons

Xu,  W,  Wu, et al

Health Policy and Technology

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Infection of gastro-intestinal tract by SARS-CoV-2 and its potential for faecal-oral transmission: A literature review

Yada,  SS,  Sinha, et al

Journal of Critical Reviews

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Clinical Characteristics of Stroke with COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Yamakawa,  M,  Kuno, et al

Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

SR-MA: PubMed and EMBASE were searched on June 10, 2020. The frequency of detected stroke in hospitalized COVID-19 patients was 1.1% and associated with older age and stroke risk factors. Frequent cryptogenic stroke and elevated d-dimer level support increased risk of thromboembolism in COVID-19 associated with high mortality.

Current Status of COVID-19 (Pre)Clinical Vaccine Development

Ye,  T,  Zhong, et al

Angewandte Chemie

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

PMC7303642; Navigating immunosuppression in a pandemic: A guide for the dermatologist from the COVID Task Force of the Medical Dermatology Society and Society of Dermatology Hospitalists

Zahedi Niaki,  O,  Anadkat, et al

J Am Acad Dermatol

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

The Challenges of Vaccine Development against Betacoronaviruses: Antibody Dependent Enhancement and Sendai Virus as a Possible Vaccine Vector

Zaichuk,  TA,  Nechipurenko, et al

Molecular biology

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Traditional Chinese medicine Lianhua Qingwen treating corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19): Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Zeng,  M,  Li, et al

PLoS One

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

SR-MA: searched seven databases and retrieved the Chinese Journal Full-text Database (CNKI), Vip Database (VIP), China Biomedicine (SinoMed), Wanfang Database and PubMed, Cochrane Central, EMBASE from October 2019 to May 2020. The treatment of new pneumonia with traditional Chinese medicine lotus clearing plague can be used as an effective therapy to improve the clinical symptoms of new coronary pneumonia.

An Overview of the Temporal Shedding of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in Clinical Specimens

Zhurakivska,  K,  Troiano, et al

Frontiers in Public Health

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

 

Cardiac Injury and COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Zou,  F,  Qian, et al

CJC Open

Review Literature| Revue de littérature

SR-MA: searched PubMed and Embase and was limited to Chinese and English and all articles from January 1, 2020 to May 30, 2020 were reviewed. Cardiac injury is common in hospitalized COVID-19 patients and is significantly associated with mortality. Patients who were older with hypertension and chronic obstructive respiratory disease were prone to develop cardiac injury.

Critical review of religion in coping against the COVID-19 pandemic by former COVID-19 muslim patients in Malaysia

Ab Rahman,  Z,  Kashim, et al

Journal of Critical Reviews

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Critical review of positive behavior and resilience in islamic perspective during the COVID 19 pandemic

Ab Rahman,  Z,  Kashim, et al

Journal of Critical Reviews

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Critical review of reciting al-quran in restoring the resilience and mental health among quarantined COVID-19 patients

Ab Rahman,  Z,  Mohd Noor, et al

Journal of Critical Reviews

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Critical review of the relationship between resilience, self-esteem and religiosity among the tabligh during the fight of COVID-19

Ab Rahman,  Z,  Mohd Noor, et al

Journal of Critical Reviews

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

32741063; Comment on “Cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19: A case report and a new finding from Egypt”

Abdelmaksoud,  A,  Goldust, et al

Dermatologic Therapy

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

32779768; Generalized status epilepticus as a possible manifestation of COVID-19

Abdulsalam,  MA,  Abdulsalam, et al

Acta Neurologica Scandinavica

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

32876413; The impact of the state of Ohio stay-at-home order on non-COVID-19 intensive care unit admissions and outcomes

Abi Fadel,  F,  Al-Jaghbeer, et al

Anaesthesiology intensive therapy

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Exacerbation of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy in concomitance with COVID-19

Abu-Rumeileh,  S,  Garibashvili, et al

Journal of the neurological sciences

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

The COVID-19 from neurological overview

Acar,  T,  Demirel, et al

Turk Noroloji Dergisi

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

32893646; How to deal and learn from the threat of COVID-19 in paediatric dentistry

Acharya,  S,  Singh, et al

European journal of paediatric dentistry

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Global health research partnerships in the context of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Addo-Atuah,  J,  Senhaji-Tomza, et al

Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

How to make a protective face shield or visor

Ademola-Popoola,  D,  Lloyd, et al

Community Eye Health Journal

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

32878733; Convalescent plasma for COVID-19 considerations

Adiwinata Pawitan,  J

Transfusion and Apheresis Science

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Accumulation of plastic waste during COVID-19

Adyel,  TM

Science

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Lopinavir-Ritonavir in SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Drug-Drug Interactions with Cardioactive Medications

Agarwal,  S,  Agarwal, et al

Cardiovasc Drugs Ther

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

PMC7405880; Liver abnormality may develop cerebral vein thrombosis in COVID-19

Aghayari Sheikh Neshin,  S,  Basirjafari, et al

J Neurol Sci

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Disease and death from work: RIDDOR and covid-19

Agius,  R

Occup Med (Lond)

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

The successful management of an elderly Covid-19 infected patient by plasmapheresis

Akkoyunlu,  Y,  Cetin, et al

Transfusion and Apheresis Science

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Olfactory dysfunction may predict myocardial injury in COVID-19 patients

Akşit,  E,  Çil, et al

Medical hypotheses

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Emergency Surgery During COVID-19 Pandemic; What Has Changed in Practice?

Alimoglu,  O,  Erol, et al

Br J Surg

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

The current situation of COVID-19 in Sudan

Altayb,  HN,  Altayeb, et al

New Microbes and New Infections

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Dornase alfa in the treatment of COVID-19: Destruction of neutrophil extracellular traps

Amelina,  EL,  Kashirskaya, et al

Pulmonologiya

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Ayurvedic perspective of COVID-19 diagnosis and management

Andhare,  R,  Muley, et al

Journal of Critical Reviews

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Testostérone et Covid-19?

André,  JC

Environnement, Risques et Sante

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

32883925; Healthcare facilities in low- and middle-income countries affected by COVID-19: Time to upgrade basic infection control and prevention practices

Angrup,  A,  Kanaujia, et al

Indian journal of medical microbiology

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Probiotics and COVID-19: Think about the link

Angurana,  SK,  Bansal, et al

Br J Nutr

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Positive aspects of covid 19 pandemic: A blessing in disguise

Anjankar Ashish,  P,  Anjankar Vaibhav, et al

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

32647066; Should Pediatric Patients Be Prioritized When Rationing Life-Saving Treatments During COVID-19 Pandemic

Antiel,  RM,  Curlin, et al

Pediatrics

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

PMC7332911; Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 via fecal-oral and aerosols-borne routes: Environmental dynamics and implications for wastewater management in underprivileged societies

Arslan,  M,  Xu, et al

Sci Total Environ

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Curious scenario of changes in incidence of preterm births during COVID-19 pandemic. Pointers for future research?

Arun Babu,  T,  Sharmila, et al

European Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Biology

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Cor et Vasa special issue focused on COVID-19 pandemic

Aschermann,  M

Cor et vasa

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Perioperative management of patients with suspected or severe infection with SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus programmed for the implementation of electronic devices for the control of chronic pain

Asensio-Samper,  J,  Rubio-Haro, et al

Revista espanola de anestesiologia y reanimacion

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Collision of covid-19 pandemic with cardiovascular risk in chronic kidney disease patients; a heavy “triple peine”

Asserraji,  M,  Maoujoud, et al

Journal of Nephropathology

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Consumer Reported Care Deferrals Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic, and the Role and Potential of Telemedicine: Cross-Sectional Analysis

Atherly,  A,  Van Den Broek-Altenburg, et al

JMIR Public Health Surveill

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

The Urgent and Growing Needs of Youths Experiencing Homelessness During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Auerswald,  CL,  Adams, et al

Journal of Adolescent Health

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Degradation and disease: Ecologically unequal exchanges cultivate emerging pandemics

Austin,  KF

World Development

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Covid-19 and Otologic/Neurotologic Practices: Suggestions to Improve the Safety of Surgery and Consultations

Ayache,  S,  Schmerber, et al

Otol Neurotol

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Malaysia's approach in handling COVID-19 onslaught: Report on the Movement Control Order (MCO) and targeted screening to reduce community infection rate and impact on public health and economy

Aziz,  NA,  Othman, et al

Journal of Infection and Public Health

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

The Importance of Proper Use of N95 Respirators by Health-Care Workers

Azizi,  TH,  Varasteh, et al

Creat Nurs

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Covid-19 risks to malaysian food security assurance

Azra,  MN

International Journal of Current Research and Review

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Feeding strategies to prevent neonatal SARS-CoV-2 infection in term or late preterm babies born to mothers with confirmed COVID-19

Babata,  KL,  Yeo, et al

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

From COVID-19 pandemic into a brave new world

Bahn,  GH

Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Dancing With Death in the Dust of Coronavirus: The Lived Experience of Iranian Nurses

Bahramnezhad,  F,  Asgari, et al

Creat Nurs

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Reflections on COVID-19 in India: A survey

Balasubramanian,  M,  Balakrishnan, et al

International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Disability-inclusive responses to COVID-19: Lessons learnt from research on social protection in low- and middle-income countries

Banks,  LM,  Davey, et al

World Development

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Reaching out to slum dwellers to address starvation during the 2020 pandemic in India

Banshkar,  A,  Vinzuda, et al

Social Work with Groups

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Quelles conséquences du Covid-19 sur notre vie psychique? Métamorphose et transformations liées au coronavirus

Bantman,  P

Information Psychiatrique

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Platelet and Vascular Biomarkers Associate With Thrombosis and Death in Coronavirus Disease

Barrett,  TJ,  Lee, et al

Circ Res

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Lock-down logistics in Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry

Barry,  H,  Doherty, et al

Ir J Psychol Med

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Is Surgical Tracheostomy Better Than Percutaneous Tracheostomy in COVID-19-Positive Patients?

Bassi,  M,  Ruberto, et al

Anesth Analg

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Medisinsk radgivningsgruppe for COVID-19

Baugstø,  V

Tidsskrift for den Norske laegeforening

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Development of an interprofessional rotation for pharmacy and medical students to perform telehealth outreach to vulnerable patients in the COVID-19 pandemic

Bautista,  CA,  Huang, et al

J Interprof Care

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Rugged Individualism and Collective (In)Action During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Bazzi,  Samuel,  Fiszbein, et al

SSRN- Lancet prepublication

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Teaching Online Physical Education: The Art of Connection in the Digital Classroom

Beard,  J,  Konukman, et al

Journal of Physical Education, Recreation and Dance

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

COVID-19-obduktionen: Harte fakten

Beck,  N

Deutsches Arzteblatt International

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

How ADA methodology informs SARS-CoV-2 assay development

Becker,  C

Bioanalysis

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Health Care and Health Insurance Access for Farm Families in the United States during COVID-19: Essential Workers without Essential Resources?

Becot,  F,  Inwood, et al

J Agromedicine

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

COVID-19 from the infectologist’s point of view

Beneš,  J

Cor et vasa

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Arranging an emergency Vascular Accesses Program during COVID-19 pandemic

Benvenuti,  S,  Parolini, et al

J Vasc Access

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Social media and covid-19 thank you to pharmacy staff on the front lines

Berger,  K

Drug Topics

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Smart healthcare system for COVID-19 using internet of things

Bharathi,  N,  Sriramya, et al

Journal of Critical Reviews

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Subcellular hot spots of GPCR signaling promote vascular inflammation

Birch,  CA,  Molinar-Inglis, et al

Current Opinion in Endocrine and Metabolic Research

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Underreporting COVID-19: The curious case of lower-income countries

Biswas,  RK,  Afiaz, et al

Epidemiol Infect

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Pharmacies must prepare for a covid-19 vaccine despite some anticipated hesitancy, demand for the novel coronavirus vaccine will be significant when it becomes available

Blank,  C

Drug Topics

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Cdc urges routine vaccinations despite covid-19 pandemic

Blank,  C

Drug Topics

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

32889105; Early treatment of COVID-19 patients with hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin: A retrospective analysis of 1061 cases in Marseille, France

Bonny,  A,  Talle, et al

Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Therapeutic strategies of COVID-19: From natural compounds to vaccine trials

Bouyahya,  A,  Omari, et al

Biointerface Research in Applied Chemistry

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Editorial: Evidence on APRA Proposals and Impact of COVID-19 on Expected Credit Loss Accounting

Bradbury,  M,  Howieson, et al

Australian Accounting Review

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

How will the world be different after COVID-19?

Bremmer,  I

Finance and Development

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

IBD in the COVID-19 era: the value of international collaboration

Brenner,  EricaJ,  Ungaro, et al

The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Increased Childhood Peripheral Facial Palsy in the Emergency Department During COVID-19 Pandemic

Brisca,  G,  Garbarino, et al

Pediatr Emerg Care

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Group analysis during the COVID-19 pandemic

Britvić,  D

Psihoterapija

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Group therapy during a pandemic caused by new coronavirus (SARS-COV-2)

Brkić,  M

Psihoterapija

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Measuring measurement – What is metrology and why does it matter?

Brown,  RJC

Measurement: Journal of the International Measurement Confederation

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Favipiravir gegen COVID-19?

Bruhn,  C

Deutsche Apotheker Zeitung

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Cosa stiamo imparando dalla pandemia da covid-19: Il presente e il futuro

Brunelli,  A

Medico e Bambino

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

32682813; Microthrombosis associated with GI bleeding in COVID-19

Buckholz,  A,  Kaplan, et al

Gastrointestinal endoscopy

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Can intravenous oxytocin infusion counteract hyperinflammation in COVID-19 infected patients?

Buemann,  B,  Marazziti, et al

World J Biol Psychiatry

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

PMC7287419; Recreational waters - A potential transmission route for SARS-CoV-2 to humans?

Cahill,  N,  Morris, et al

Sci Total Environ

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Vitamin D to prevent COVID-19: recommendations for the design of clinical trials

Camargo,  CA,  J, et al

FEBS Journal

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Genetic variability in the case of COVID-19 infection

Cammarata-Scalisi,  F,  Cárdenas Tadich, et al

Arch Argent Pediatr

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

The digital economy lights up

Campbell,  LH

Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Structural vulnerability to COVID-19 among Latinx communities in the United States

Cantos,  VD,  Rebolledo, et al

Clin Infect Dis

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

32768696; Simultaneous circulation of COVID-19 and flu in Italy: Potential combined effects on the risk of death?

Capone,  A

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

A atuação do dentista de família: Na pandemia do covid-19: O cenário do Rio de Janeiro

Carletto,  AF,  Santos, et al

Physis

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

A resilient response to the social-economic implications of coronavirus. The case of Snodi Solidali in Turin

Caruso,  N,  Mela, et al

Urban Research and Practice

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Early antithrombotic therapy and COVID-19: a better clinical course? New evidences from real-life cases

Casale,  M,  Imbalzano, et al

Cor et vasa

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Pharmaceutical nanotechnology: which products are been designed against COVID-19?

Cavalcanti,  IDL,  Cajubá de Britto Lira Nogueira, et al

Journal of Nanoparticle Research

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

32866405; Web Exclusive. Annals On Call - Regulatory T Cells: Treatment for COVID-19?

Centor,  RM,  D'Alessio, et al

Annals of Internal Medicine

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Optimal delivery management for the prevention of early neonatal SARS-CoV-2 infection

Chan,  CS,  Kong, et al

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

PMC7188164; A Case Series of Children With Coronavirus Disease 2019: What Have We Learned?

Chan,  JF,  To, et al

Clin Infect Dis

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Reply to Guglielmo Mantica, Nazareno Suardi, and Carlo Terrone’s Letter to the Editor re: Ming-Chun Chan, Sharon E.K. Yeo, Yew-Lam Chong, Yee-Mun Lee. Stepping Forward: Urologists’ Efforts During the COVID-19 Outbreak in Singapore. Eur Urol 2020;78:e38?9

Chan,  MC,  Yeo, et al

Eur Urol

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

32649217; Rhinovirus Infections in Individuals with Asthma Increase ACE2 Expression and Cytokine Pathways Implicated in COVID-19

Chang,  EH,  Willis, et al

American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Overall management strategies for colorectal cancer patients during the COVID-19 outbreak

Chang,  W,  Feng, et al

Chinese Journal of Digestive Surgery

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

School Nurses on the Front Lines of Healthcare: The Approach to a Student With Anxiety and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Chardavoyne,  P,  Olympia, et al

NASN Sch Nurse

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

A Cytometrist's Guide to Coordinating and Performing Effective COVID-19 Research

Chattopadhyay,  PK,  Filby, et al

Cytometry Part A

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Lessons to Learn From a Successful Virtual Mock Oral Examination Pilot Experience

Chaurasia,  AR,  Page, et al

Advances in Radiation Oncology

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

How Fragmentation Can Undermine the Public Health Response to COVID-19

Chen,  Andrew Tzer-Yeu

arXiv

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Role of surgeons in the medical model of treating patients infected with COVID-19 in makeshift hospitals

Chen,  J,  Yang, et al

Chinese Journal of Digestive Surgery

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Education in the post-pandemic era: Indigenous children and youth

Cherubini,  L

International Indigenous Policy Journal

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Taiwan's Successful COVID-19 Mitigation and Containment Strategy: Achieving Quasi Population Immunity

Chien,  LC,  Beÿ, et al

Disaster Med Public Health Prep

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Expert consensus on overall management of gastric cancer during the COVID-19 outbreak

China Gastrointestinal Cancer Surgery,  Union

Chinese Journal of Digestive Surgery

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Chinese expert consensus on diagnosis and treatment of hepato-pancreato-biliary cancer during the COVID-19 outbreak

Chinese Medical Doctor,  Association,  Chinese Research Hospital Association Society for Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary, et al

Chinese Journal of Digestive Surgery

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Multicenter interim guidance on use of antivirals for children with COVID-19/SARS-CoV-2

Chiotos,  K,  Hayes, et al

J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Promotion of Maternal–Infant Mental Health and Trauma-Informed Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Choi,  KR,  Records, et al

JOGNN - Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, and Neonatal Nursing

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

QC corner: Upholding biosafety standards despite the acute need for a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine

Chollet,  R,  Galbraith, et al

American Pharmaceutical Review

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Update Alert 4: Epidemiology of and Risk Factors for Coronavirus Infection in Health Care Workers

Chou,  R,  Dana, et al

Ann Intern Med

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

32687391; Update Alert: Masks for Prevention of Respiratory Virus Infections, Including SARS-CoV-2, in Health Care and Community Settings

Chou,  R,  Dana, et al

Annals of Internal Medicine

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Serological assays for delayed SARS-CoV-2 case identification

Choy,  Kay Weng

The Lancet Respiratory Medicine

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Metallo therapeutics for COVID-19. Exploiting metal-based compounds for the discovery of new antiviral drugs

Cirri,  D,  Pratesi, et al

Expert Opin Drug Discov

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

There are no shortcuts in the development and validation of a covid-19 prediction model

Collins,  GS,  Ma, et al

Transbound Emerg Dis

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

PMC7314324 interest; Adult Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Patient Selection During Coronavirus Disease 2019: The Value of a Review Panel During Coronavirus Disease 2019

Crowley,  J,  Raz, et al

Crit Care Med

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Delay or Avoidance of Medical Care Because of COVID-19-Related Concerns - United States, June 2020

Czeisler,  MÉ,  Marynak, et al

MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

PMC7472983; Strategic design of precautionary measures for airport passengers in times of global health crisis Covid 19: Parametric modelling and processing algorithms

Dabachine,  Y,  Taheri, et al

J Air Transp Manag

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

QTc evaluation in COVID-19 patients treated with chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine: A Letter to the Editor

Danjuma,  MI,  Sinha, et al

Eur J Clin Invest

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Exit strategies for COVID 19: An ism and micmac approach

Das,  D,  Datta, et al

Asia Pacific Journal of Health Management

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Premises among SARS-CoV-2, dysbiosis and diarrhea: Walking through the ACE2/mTOR/autophagy route

de Oliveira,  AP,  Lopes, et al

Medical hypotheses

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

‘Don’t forget yourself when taking care of others’ – Mental support for health care professionals during the COVID-19 crisis

de Vroege,  L,  Gribling, et al

Tijdschrift voor Psychiatrie

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

On Pandemic Preparedness: How Well is the Modeling Community Prepared for COVID-19?

Desai,  K,  Druyts, et al

PharmacoEconomics

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Erratum to: Histopathological findings following SARS-CoV-2 infection with and without treatment—Report of three autopsies (Rechtsmedizin, (2020), 10.1007/s00194-020-00408-x)

Dettmeyer,  R,  Lasczkowski, et al

Rechtsmedizin

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Covid-19-mildt forlop hos barn

Devulapalli,  CS

Tidsskrift for den Norske laegeforening

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Announcing the winners of our COVID-19 Creative Communication Competition

Dhillon,  P

FEBS Journal

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Telelactation: A Necessary Skill With Puppet Adjuncts During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Dhillon,  S,  Dhillon, et al

J Hum Lact

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Pushing the envelope: The who, what, when, and why of critical consciousness

Diemer,  MA

Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

The climate awakening of global capital

Diringer,  E,  Perciasepe, et al

Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Fortification is required in the rear to win the battle of epidemic prevention and control

Dong,  J,  Feng, et al

Chinese Journal of Digestive Surgery

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

The Multiple Faces of Heparin: Opportunities in COVID-19 Infection and Beyond

Drouet,  L,  Harenberg, et al

Thromb Haemost

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

32586919; Response to: Â € Incidence of severe COVID-19 in a Spanish cohort of 1037 patients with rheumatic diseases treated with biologics and JAK-inhibitors' by Jovani et al

D'Silva,  KM,  Serling-Boyd, et al

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Wellbeing and mental health during the COVID-19 outbreak

Eaton,  J

Community Eye Health Journal

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

COVID-19 as social disability: The opportunity of social empathy for empowerment

Ebuenyi,  ID,  Smith, et al

BMJ Global Health

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

What Are the Odds of Finding a COVID-19 Drug from a Lab Repurposing Screen?

Edwards,  A

J Chem Inf Model

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Letter: elevated liver enzymes and outcome in COVID-19

Elhence,  A,  Kumar, et al

Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Zithromax® donation for trachoma elimination during the COVID-19 pandemic

Emerson,  P,  Hooper, et al

Community Eye Health Journal

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Imagining a post-COVID-19 global citizenship education

Estelles,  M,  Fischman, et al

Praxis Educativa

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

PMC7470711; Impacts of Covid-19 on peer-to-peer accommodation platforms: Host perceptions and responses

Farmaki,  A,  Miguel, et al

Int J Hosp Manag

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Low glycosylated ferritin is a sensitive biomarker of severe COVID-19

Fauter,  M,  Viel, et al

Cell Mol Immunol

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Covid-19 created a gender gap in perceived work productivity and job satisfaction: implications for dual-career parents working from home

Feng,  Z,  Savani, et al

Gender in Management

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Law, litigation and learning: a legacy from COVID-19

Ferguson,  K,  Johnston, et al

Anaesthesia

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

32693224; Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and Neurosurgery Residency Action Plan: An Institutional Experience from the United States

Fernandes Cabral,  DT,  Alan, et al

World Neurosurgery

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Primary care in Rio de Janeiro in times of COVID-19

Fernandes,  L,  Ortega, et al

Physis

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Letter to the editor Regarding Nogueira et al “Excess mortality estimation during the COVID-19 pandemic: Preliminary data from Portugal”

Fernandes,  N

Acta Medica Portuguesa

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Vitamin C as prophylaxis and adjunctive medical treatment for COVID-19?

Feyaerts,  AF,  Luyten, et al

Nutrition

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

A note on blind contact tracing at scale with applications to the COVID-19 pandemic

Fitzsimons,  JK,  Mantri, et al

 

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Drugs, clinical trials and registers in the times of the coronavirus Emergency

Fontana,  M,  Zuin, et al

Medico e Bambino

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Diabetes and COVID-19 in the elderly, harmful symbiosis

Formiga,  F,  Tarazona-Santabalbina, et al

Revista Espanola de Geriatria y Gerontologia

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

COVID-19: Fear, quackery, false representations and the law

Freckelton Qc,  I

International journal of law and psychiatry

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Loneliness and Its Concomitants among Older Adults during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Frenkel-Yosef,  M,  Maytles, et al

Int Psychogeriatr

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

COVID-19: be aware of contaminated airway devices

Fujishiro,  A,  Saito, et al

J Anesth

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Mental health of university freshmen in Japan during the COVID-19 pandemic: Screening with Kessler psychological distress scale (K6)

Fuse-Nagase,  Y,  Kuroda, et al

Asian Journal of Psychiatry

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Nuclear war, public health, the COVID-19 epidemic: Lessons for prevention, preparation, mitigation, and education

Futter,  A,  Watson, et al

Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Depression, anxiety and stress among the general population in the time of COVID-19 lockdown: A cross-sectional study protocol

Gaidhane,  S,  Khatib, et al

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Amplifying immunogenicity of prospective Covid-19 vaccines by glycoengineering the coronavirus glycan-shield to present α-gal epitopes

Galili,  U

Vaccine

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Opposing the toxic apartheid: The painted veil of the COVID-19 pandemic, race and racism

Gao,  G,  Sai, et al

Gender, Work and Organization

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

A newborn with normal IgM and elevated IgG antibodies born to an asymptomatic infection mother with COVID-19

Gao,  W,  Deng, et al

Aging (Albany NY)

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Plum-blossom needle for coronavirus disease 2019-related headache: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis

Gao,  W,  Li, et al

Medicine (Baltimore)

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

The Response of a Tertiary Paediatric Urology Unit to the COVID-19 Pandemic in central London: what have we learned?

Garriboli,  M,  Mishra, et al

Br J Surg

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Letter: unknown denominator and misleading conclusions in Covid-19—authors' reply

Garrido,  I,  Liberal, et al

Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

32876414; Implementation of veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in a COVID-19 convalescent

Gawda,  R,  Marszalski, et al

Anaesthesiology intensive therapy

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Covid-19 testing is not an automatic choice for pharmacists

Gebhart,  F

Drug Topics

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Guidance for the Management of Patients with Vascular Disease or Cardiovascular Risk Factors and COVID-19: Position Paper from VAS-European Independent Foundation in Angiology/Vascular Medicine

Gerotziafas,  GT,  Catalano, et al

Thromb Haemost

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Investigational drugs in the pipeline for covid-19

Gershman,  J

Drug Topics

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Covid-19 in pregnant women

Ghate,  VC,  Borage, et al

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Complement and coagulation: key triggers of COVID-19-induced multiorgan pathology

Ghebrehiwet,  B,  Peerschke, et al

J Clin Invest

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

COVID-19 and physician-patient relationship: potential effects of 'masking', 'distancing' and 'others'

Ghosh,  A,  Sharma, et al

Fam Pract

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Delays in the diagnosis of oral cancer due to the quarantine of COVID-19 in Córdoba, Argentina

Gilligan,  G,  Lazos, et al

Spec Care Dentist

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Infectious diseases and the COVID-19 scenario in Brazil

Goldani,  LZ,  Salort, et al

Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Covid-19: the humanities and social sciences have much to contribute to beating this pandemic and the next

Green,  ST,  Cladi, et al

Bmj

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Covid-19: Waiting times in England reach record highs

Griffin,  S

Bmj

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

32841645; Exceptionally high COVID-19 viral load and very long duration of shedding in a young pauci-symptomatic child with autism resident in an Italian nursing home

Grossi,  E,  Terruzzi, et al

Journal of Infection

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Artificial intelligence in health care: La Machine, le Médecin et Moi or the world of S.A.R.R.A.?

Gruson,  D

Information Psychiatrique

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Tocilizumab for severe COVID-19 pneumonia – Authors' reply

Guaraldi,  G,  Meschiari, et al

The Lancet Rheumatology

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Ending the COVID-19 Pandemic Requires More International Collaboration

Guimón,  J,  Narula, et al

Research Technology Management

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

The reinvention of everyday life in times of pandemic

Guizzo,  BS,  Marcello, et al

Educacao e Pesquisa

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Rol van ACE2 in SARS-COV-2 en mogelijke behandelopties

Gündogan,  R

Pharmaceutisch weekblad

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Perioperative management strategies for surgical patients during the COVID-19 outbreak

Guo,  W,  Yuan, et al

Chinese Journal of Digestive Surgery

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Sars-cov-2 infection and lung cancer: Potential therapeutic modalities

Gupta,  I,  Rizeq, et al

Cancers

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Senior management in times of COVID-19: Interview with María Isabel Rojo Gutiérrez

Gutiérrez,  MIR,  Sánchez, et al

Revista alergia Mexico

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Leaving no stone unturned in light of the COVID-19 faecal-oral hypothesis? A water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) perspective targeting low-income countries

Gwenzi,  W

Science of the Total Environment

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

COVID-19 and eye care services in Ethiopia

Habtamu,  E

Community Eye Health Journal

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Red blood cell exchange for SARS-CoV-2: A Gemini of therapeutic opportunities

Hacking,  SM

Medical hypotheses

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Treatment of the cytokine storm in covid-19

Halacli,  B,  Topeli, et al

Journal of Critical and Intensive Care

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

The COVID-19 pandemic threatens the Expanded Program on Immunization: recommendations for sustaining vaccination goals

Hamid,  H,  Mallhi, et al

Drugs and Therapy Perspectives

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

32890192; Development of the Emergency Services Swab Resource Team During COVID-19

Hamm,  R,  Komansky, et al

Journal for nurses in professional development

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Microfiber pillow as a potential harbor and environmental medium transmitting respiratory pathogens during the COVID-19 pandemic

Han,  J,  Zhang, et al

Ecotoxicology and environmental safety

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Anemia is associated with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection

Hariyanto,  TI,  Kurniawan, et al

Transfusion and Apheresis Science

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Are open-source approaches the most efficient way forward for COVID-19 drug discovery?

Harky,  A,  Mishra, et al

Expert Opin Drug Discov

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Covid-19 and the racial equity implications of reopening college and university campuses

Harper,  SR

American Journal of Education

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Epidemiological models in high school mathematics education

Harraq,  J,  Hattaf, et al

Communications in Mathematical Biology and Neuroscience

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Special Section: Religion and Health Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic

Hart,  CW,  Koenig, et al

J Relig Health

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Out-of-hospital deaths among children during COVID-19 pandemic: Indicator of collateral damage?

Harve-Rytsälä,  H,  Puhakka, et al

BMJ Paediatrics Open

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

32790642; Digital Response During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Saudi Arabia

Hassounah,  M,  Raheel, et al

Journal of medical Internet research

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Adding eye protection to universal masking reduces COVID-19 among frontline emergency clinicians to the level of community spread

Hawkins,  ES,  Fertel, et al

American Journal of Emergency Medicine

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Universal Screening for Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) for Asymptomatic Parturients - May Not Be Beneficial At This Time

Henderson,  CE,  Rezai, et al

J Med Virol

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Prepare your pharmacy during the covid-19 pandemic

Hennessy,  M

Drug Topics

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Arm yourself with information during the covid-19 pandemic

Hennessy,  M

Drug Topics

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Covid 19 and Surgical training: Carpe Diem

Hennessy,  O,  Fowler, et al

Br J Surg

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Administering a stay-at-home dental groos anatomy practical during COVID-19

Herr,  MJ,  Nelson, et al

J Dent Educ

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Unequal discourses: Problems of the current model of world health development

Ho,  JM,  Li, et al

World Development

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

A socially just recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic: a call for action on the social determinants of urban health inequalities

Hoernke,  K

J R Soc Med

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Understanding COVID-19: The virus

Hoffman,  JJ,  Hoffman, et al

Community Eye Health Journal

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Short-term surgical missions to resource-limited settings in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic

Honeyman,  C,  Patel, et al

Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Routine Vaccination Disruption in Low-Income Countries: An Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic

Hossain,  MM,  Abdulla, et al

Asia Pac J Public Health

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

32890187; Residency Classes Going Virtual: The COVID-19 Crisis

Houle,  J,  Fleming, et al

Journal for nurses in professional development

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Responding to COVID-19 in eye health

Hu,  V,  Kyari, et al

Community Eye Health Journal

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Ophthalmology during COVID-19: Who to see and when

Hu,  V,  Wolvaardt, et al

Community Eye Health Journal

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

32873506; Cytokine storm with rapidly elevated interleukin-6 indicates sudden death in patients with critical COVID-19

Hu,  Z,  Li, et al

Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Mechanisms and control measures of COVID-19 related liver injuries

Huang,  A,  Yang, et al

Chinese Journal of Digestive Surgery

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

PMC7314321 source of funding; Bronchiolitis and Potential Pathophysiological Implications in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Patients With Near-Normal Respiratory Compliance

Huang,  CF,  Sun, et al

Crit Care Med

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Editorial: intended victim or innocent bystander? The liver in COVID-19—Authors' reply

Huang,  H,  Chen, et al

Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Sepsis-associated severe interleukin-6 storm in critical coronavirus disease 2019

Huang,  L,  Zhao, et al

Cell Mol Immunol

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Letter to the Editor RE: "COVID-19 Impact on Colorectal Daily Practice-How Long Will It Take to Catch Up?"

Huddy,  JR,  Rasheed, et al

J Gastrointest Surg

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

PMC7274982; The state of One Health research across disciplines and sectors - a bibliometric analysis

Humboldt-Dachroeden,  S,  Rubin, et al

One Health

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Erratum: Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 by Destruction of the Prefusion Spike (Cell Host & Microbe (2020) 28(3) (445–454.e6), (S1931312820303516), (10.1016/j.chom.2020.06.010))

Huo,  J,  Zhao, et al

Cell Host and Microbe

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

32890206; Evaluating Covid-19 Injury Claims With a Focus on Workers' Compensation

Hyman,  MH,  Talmage, et al

Journal of occupational and environmental medicine

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Covid-19 what community pharmacies are doing in the hardest-hit states

Ientile,  G

Drug Topics

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

New apps tap into unmet need for covid-19 testing

Ientile,  G

Drug Topics

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Oxford’s covid-19 vaccine induces strong immune responses in early-stage trial

Ientile,  G

Drug Topics

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Managing drug diversion amid pandemic:The covid-19 crisis poses unique challenges for managing controlled substances in hospitals

Ientile,  G

Drug Topics

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Physician deaths from COVID-19

Ing,  EB,  Xu, et al

Occup Med (Lond)

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Pandemic and islamic point of view based on hadith plague

Irfan,  IS,  Awang, et al

Journal of Critical Reviews

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Clinical improvement in a patient with severe coronavirus disease 2019 after administration of hydroxychloroquine and continuous hemodiafiltlation with nafamostat mesylate

Iwasaka,  S,  Shono, et al

Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Impact of covid-19 in India, a disastrous pandemic outbreak

Jachak,  S,  Phansopkar, et al

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Novel coronavirus(Covid19), Its renal manifestations, and complications

Jadali,  Z

Urol J

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

COVID-19 in disorders of pulmonary circulation

Jansa,  P,  Aschermann, et al

Cor et vasa

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Brachytherapy care during the COVID-19 pandemic: Practice statement from a cancer center in Wuhan, China

Jiang,  Y,  Li, et al

Brachytherapy

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Less Myocardial Infarction and Stroke Hospitalizations During Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Epidemic in Korea

Jin,  C,  Kim, et al

Am J Cardiol

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Opening China's 'belt and road initiative' to competition with international investment: Expanding freight cargo delivery between Asia and Europe to accelerate free trade and national security in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic

Jone,  DA

Journal of Critical Reviews

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Role of vitamin d in prevention of corona virus infection (Covid-19)

Juneja,  S,  Dangore-Khasbage, et al

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

When SARS-CoV-2 attacks the heart: Long-term cardiovascular consequences are also possible in mild course of COVID-19

Jungmayr,  P

Deutsche Apotheker Zeitung

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

A plea for the sustained implementation of digital interventions for young people with mental health problems in the light of the COVID-19 pandemic

Kaess,  M,  Moessner, et al

J Child Psychol Psychiatry

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Knowledge of covid-19 among nursing and allied health care professionals working in tertiary care hospital

Kamineni,  SRT,  Balu, et al

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Over the hump: Have we reached the peak of carbon emissions?

Kammen,  DM

Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

COVID-19-infektionsschutz: Ohne Nutzen

Kampf,  G

Deutsches Arzteblatt International

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

32860816; Rethinking environmental contamination and fomite transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in the healthcare

Kanamori,  H

Journal of Infection

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Changing ophthalmic practice during the COVID-19 pandemic in Uganda

Kanji,  RR,  Arunga, et al

Community Eye Health Journal

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

COVID 19 pandemic: Social aspects and safe behaviours

Kapl,  MN,  Mahakalkar, et al

Journal of Critical Reviews

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Re: Urinary Frequency as a Possibly Overlooked Symptom in COVID-19 Patients: Does SARS-CoV-2 Cause Viral Cystitis?

Kaplan,  SA

J Urol

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Mental health of mental health professionals during COVID-19 pandemic: Who cares for it?

Kar,  SK,  Singh, et al

Asian Journal of Psychiatry

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

PMC7300194; 'Scientific Strabismus' or two related pandemics: coronavirus disease and vitamin D deficiency

Kara,  M,  Ekiz, et al

Br J Nutr

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Coagulopathy accompanying severe forms of coronavirus infection (COVID-19) – incidence of thrombotic complications, how to prevent and treat them

Karetová,  D,  Bultas, et al

Cor et vasa

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

PMC7395589; COVID-19's impacts on migrant workers from Bangladesh: In search of policy intervention

Karim,  MR,  Islam, et al

World Dev

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

My e-learning experience as a medical student during the COVID-19 pandemic

Karki,  P

Journal of the Nepal Medical Association

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Life-threatening course in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): Is there a link to methylenetetrahydrofolic acid reductase (MTHFR) polymorphism and hyperhomocysteinemia?

Karst,  M,  Hollenhorst, et al

Medical hypotheses

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

32710581; How to manage high-risk asymptomatic COVID-19 carriers; COVID-19 poses a huge threat to public health and to dermatology specialty as well

Kassir,  M,  Gupta, et al

Dermatologic Therapy

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

New challenges to surgery due to the COVID-19 pandemic: from tension to attention

Kassir,  R,  Sauvat, et al

Br J Surg

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Concerns and strategies for wastewater treatment during COVID-19 pandemic to stop plausible transmission

Kataki,  S,  Chatterjee, et al

Resources, Conservation and Recycling

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

ACEIs, ARBs, ibuprofen originally linked to COVID-19: the other side of the mirror

Kelleni,  MT

Inflammopharmacology

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Surging ICU capacity during the COVID-19 pandemic: Experiences from transforming a Post Anaesthesia Care Unit into a cohort ICU

Kersten,  BJ,  Salden, et al

Journal of clinical anesthesia

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Comparative host-pathogen protein-protein interaction analysis of recent coronavirus outbreaks and important host targets identification

Khan,  AA,  Khan, et al

Brief Bioinform

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Promising impacts of mesenchymal stem cell therapy in treatment of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)

Khorshidi,  M,  Zarezadeh, et al

Heart and Lung

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Every Body Counts: Measuring Mortality From the COVID-19 Pandemic

Kiang,  MV,  Irizarry, et al

Ann Intern Med

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

COVID-19 and publishing

Kim,  K

Science Editing

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Against COVID-19: Inspired by Greek Myth

Kim,  KT,  You, et al

Occup Med (Lond)

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Can hyperbaric oxygen safely serve as an anti-inflammatory treatment for COVID-19?

Kjellberg,  A,  De Maio, et al

Medical hypotheses

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

McGurk effect and audiovisual speech perception in students with learning disabilities exposed to online teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic

Kkese,  E

Medical hypotheses

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

32798633; Implementation and Process of a COVID-19 Contact Tracing Initiative: Leveraging Health Professional Students to Extend the Workforce During a Pandemic

Koetter,  P,  Pelton, et al

American Journal of Infection Control

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

COVID-19-therapieansätze: Therapeutische zurückhaltung

Köhnlein,  C

Deutsches Arzteblatt International

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Hypothesis: Nasal vs. oral inhalation accounts for the severity of COVID-19

Komisaruk,  BR

Medical hypotheses

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Hydroxychloroquine at the center of covid-19 discussions

Kreckel,  PA

Drug Topics

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Hurricane Evacuation Laws in Eight Southern U.S. Coastal States - December 2018

Kruger,  J,  Smith, et al

MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

PMC7381899; The COVID-19 Drug and Gene Set Library

Kuleshov,  MV,  Stein, et al

Patterns (N Y)

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Exhaled gas decontamination by connecting a ventilator exhaust port with an underwater seal system to prevent COVID-19 spread

Kumar,  A,  Kumar, et al

Trends in Anaesthesia and Critical Care

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Digital cohesion in era of pandemic COVID-19 in Indonesia

Kusnadi,  IH,  Hikmawan, et al

International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

How to adapt your eye service in the time of COVID-19

Kyari,  F,  Watts, et al

Community Eye Health Journal

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

32432895; COVID-19 lung injury and “typical” acute respiratory distress syndrome: The danger of presumed equivalency

Kyle-Sidell,  C

Annals of the American Thoracic Society

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Pivoting During a Pandemic

Lal,  MM

J Nurs Adm

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Teleprehabilitation during COVID-19 pandemic: the essentials of "what" and "how"

Lambert,  G,  Drummond, et al

Support Care Cancer

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

32892535; Logistic precautions in preparation and administration of allergen immunotherapy during the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico

Larenas-Linnemann,  D,  Del Río-Navarro, et al

Revista alergia Mexico (Tecamachalco, Puebla, Mexico : 1993)

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Psychological impact of social isolation on the comorbid patient: on the subject of the COVID-19 pandemic

Larios-Navarro,  A,  Bohórquez-Rivero, et al

Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Peer-to-Peer Health Communication in Older Adults' Online Communities: Protocol for a Qualitative Netnographic Study and Co-Design Approach

Lawless,  MT,  Archibald, et al

JMIR Res Protoc

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

International and national obligations to protect from the risks of pharmaceutical crime: The crime of counterfeit pharmaceutical products in the COVID-19 crisis

Layach,  OB

Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

32893295; Where Did SARS-CoV-2 Come From?

Leitner,  T,  Kumar, et al

Molecular biology and evolution

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Publisher Correction: SARS-CoV-2 and the brain to be studied long-term (Nature Reviews Neurology, (2020), 10.1038/s41582-020-0405-8)

Lemprière,  S

Nature Reviews Neurology

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

32877106; How to talk about a serious event to a child?

Leray,  M,  Vila, et al

La Revue du praticien

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

32589716; Decision-Making: Physical Therapist Intervention for Patients With COVID-19 in a Geriatric Setting

Levi,  N,  Ganchrow, et al

Physical Therapy

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Cancer did not stay home for COVID-19

Levine,  RL

Sci Adv

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

China's coronavirus vaccine shows military's growing role in medical research

Lewis,  D

Nature

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

32798783; Response to Surgical Triage in an Evolving Pandemic Based on Disease Classification and Predictive Modeling

Lewkonia,  P

World Neurosurgery

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Potential Immunotherapeutic Targets for Hypoxia Due to COVI-Flu

Leyfman,  Y,  Erick, et al

Shock

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

PMC7454704; Overcoming Challenges in Coronavirus Disease 19 Translational Research

Li,  JZ,  Yu, et al

J Infect Dis

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Factors Associated with Nursing Homesʼ Late Participation in COVID-19 Reporting

Li,  Y,  Fang, et al

Journal of the American Geriatrics Society

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

PMC7467939; The role of the IDEMV in predicting European stock market volatility during the COVID-19 pandemic

Li,  Y,  Liang, et al

Financ Res Lett

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Teaching microwaves in the time of COVID-19 [Educator's Corner]

Li,  Z

IEEE Microwave Magazine

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Partnerships as an Avenue to Translate Emerging Disease Ecology of SARS-CoV-2 to Agricultural Groups

Liebman,  A,  Roy, et al

J Agromedicine

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Establishment of a pediatric COVID-19 biorepository: unique considerations and opportunities for studying the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on children

Lima,  R,  Gootkind, et al

BMC Med Res Methodol

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Covid-19: Food and drink companies are exploiting pandemic to further their brands, analysis finds

Limb,  M

Bmj

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Blockchain Technology in Current Agricultural Systems: From Techniques to Applications

Lin,  W,  Huang, et al

IEEE Access

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

HIV Care Experiences During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Mixed-Methods Telephone Interviews with Clinic-Enrolled HIV-Infected Adults in Uganda

Linnemayr,  S,  Jennings Mayo-Wilson, et al

AIDS Behav

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

The Impact of COVID-19 on Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Patients

Littman,  R,  Naftalovich, et al

Psychiatry Clin Neurosci

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Cleaning and disinfection in health care settings during the COVID-19 outbreak

Liu,  XY,  Zhang, et al

Community Eye Health Journal

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Efficacy and safety of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of patients with COVID-19 combined with diabetes mellitus: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis

Liu,  Y,  Fu, et al

Medicine (Baltimore)

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Literature analysis of the efficacy of arbidol in virus infectious diseases

Liu,  Y,  Shen, et al

Biointerface Research in Applied Chemistry

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

32893780; Telemedicine Yes, But No Telepathy

López Reboiro,  ML,  Sardiña González, et al

Acta Medica Portuguesa

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

PMC7320707; Assessment of ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Volume Trends During The COVID-19 Pandemic

Lotfi,  AS,  Capatina, et al

Am J Cardiol

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

COVID-19: A research agenda around gender issues

Loyola,  MA

Physis

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Strategies for general surgery related issues in the treatment of critically ill patients diagnosed with COVID-19

Lu,  J,  Li, et al

Chinese Journal of Digestive Surgery

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

COVID-19 Outbreak Associated with Air Conditioning in Restaurant, Guangzhou, China, 2020

Lu,  J,  Yang, et al

Emerg Infect Dis

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Urologists and the Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): a Urologist's Perspective from China

Lu,  Y,  Liu, et al

Urol J

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Nursing workload in the COVID-19 era

Lucchini,  A,  Iozzo, et al

Intensive and Critical Care Nursing

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

32432897; Reply: COVID-19 lung injury and “typical” acute respiratory distress syndrome: The danger of presumed equivalency

Luks,  AM,  Swenson, et al

Annals of the American Thoracic Society

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Otology and Neurotology in a Post-COVID-19 World

Lustig,  LR

Otol Neurotol

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Attention to psychiatry and pharmacotherapy during the COVID-19 pandemic

Luykx,  JJ,  Tijdink, et al

Tijdschrift voor Psychiatrie

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Letter: liver involvement and mortality in COVID-19 patients

Lv,  XH,  Yang, et al

Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

#stayhome to contain Covid-19: Neuro-SIR – Neurodynamical epidemic modeling of infection patterns in social networks

Lymperopoulos,  IN

Expert Systems with Applications

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

COVID-19 related regulatory change for pharmacists – The case for its retention post the pandemic

Lynch,  M,  O'Leary, et al

Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

The effect of Baduanjin exercise on the quality of life in patients recovering from COVID-19: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis

Ma,  Q,  Yang, et al

Medicine (Baltimore)

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Words, numbers, warnings, tips, but still low risk perception

Macchi,  L

Mind and Society

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Adapting an emotional regulation and social communication skills group programme to teletherapy, in response to the Covid-19 pandemic

MacEvilly,  D,  Brosnan, et al

Ir J Psychol Med

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Why is mental health of the geriatric population at a higher risk during the COVID-19 pandemic?

Mackolil,  J,  Mackolil, et al

Asian Journal of Psychiatry

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

The great awakening-digitalization in dental healthcare during the pandemic covid19

Madhu,  PP,  Patil, et al

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Better preventing and mitigating the effects of Covid-19

Maguire,  G

Future Science OA

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Coronavirus Disease 2019: Withdrawing Mechanical Ventilation to Reallocate Life Support Under Crisis Standards of Care—Nonequivalence of the Equivalence Thesis

Maldonado,  F,  Rafael, et al

Crit Care Med

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

YOGIC INTERVENTIONS for PSYCHO-PHYSICAL WELL-BEING under COVID-19 TIMES & after

Malik,  N,  Sharma, et al

Asia Pacific Journal of Health Management

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

PREFACE: The 2020 edition of the XXIVTH isprs congress

Mallet,  C,  Lafarge, et al

 

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Where does work belong anymore? The implications of intensive homebased working

Mallett,  O,  Marks, et al

Gender in Management

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

COVID-19 and anti-globalization issues: A cultural perspective

Manshur,  FM,  Husni, et al

Journal of Critical Reviews

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Vitamin d supplementation in covid-19: A friend or foe?

Mansour,  A,  Mohajeri-Tehrani, et al

EXCLI Journal

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

32889088; Current state of vaccine development and targeted therapies for COVID-19: impact of basic science discoveries

Marian,  AJ

Cardiovascular Pathology

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Eye care during the COVID-19 public health emergency: A WHO perspective

Mariotti,  S,  Keel, et al

Community Eye Health Journal

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

PMC7480252; Changing our training paradigms in general surgery residency during the covid-19 outbreak. Short communication

Mastroianni,  G,  Cano Busnelli, et al

Ann Med Surg (Lond)

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Tuberculosis — Reaping benefits from COVID-19 in Portugal

Mateiro Gomes,  BL,  Carvalho, et al

Pulmonology

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

32634026; COVID-19 Clinical Trials: Unraveling a Methodological Gordian Knot

Mathioudakis,  AG,  Fally, et al

American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Letter to 'Clinical update on COVID-19 in pregnancy: A review article': Obstetric or Gynecologic papers on COVID-19 should have an informative title

Matsubara,  S,  Matsubara, et al

J Obstet Gynaecol Res

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

A conversation with a physician in italy regarding the covid-19 pandemic

Mazzola,  P

University of Toronto Medical Journal

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Sex-Based Vaccine Response in the Context of COVID-19

McCartney,  PR

JOGNN - Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, and Neonatal Nursing

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

COVID-19 medical management including World Health Organization (WHO) suggested management strategies

McFee,  DRB

Disease-a-Month

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Safeguarding children's right to health in hospital during COVID-19

McIntosh,  Jennifer,  Aresté, et al

The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Security cooperation during the novel coronavirus pandemic

Medvedev,  DA

Russia in Global Affairs

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Adapting medical education during crisis: Student-Faculty partnerships as an enabler of success

Mehta,  N,  End, et al

Med Teach

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Intussusceptive angiogenesis in Covid-19: hypothesis on the significance and focus on the possible role of FGF2

Meini,  S,  Giani, et al

Mol Biol Rep

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Telerehabilitation for people with breast cancer through the COVID-19 pandemic in Chile

Mella-Abarca,  W,  Barraza-Sánchez, et al

ecancermedicalscience

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Two to tango: Deconstructing the COVID-19 and suicidality conundrum from a biopsychosocial perspective

Menon,  V,  Padhy, et al

Asian Journal of Psychiatry

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Rural Telehealth Use during the COVID-19 Pandemic: How Long-term Infrastructure Commitment May Support Rural Health Care Systems Resilience

Meyer,  C,  Becot, et al

J Agromedicine

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Infectiology: Lung cancer patients with COVID-19 are (too) rarely treated in the intensive care unit

Meyer,  R

Deutsches Arzteblatt International

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

32867746; Erratum: Publisher Correction to: Temporal dynamics in total excess mortality and COVID-19 deaths in Italian cities (BMC public health (2020) 20 1 (1238))

Michelozzi,  P,  de'Donato, et al

BMC public health

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Worldwide Effects of Coronavirus Disease Pandemic on Tuberculosis Services, January-April 2020

Migliori,  GB,  Thong, et al

Emerg Infect Dis

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Frequency of Children vs Adults Carrying Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Asymptomatically

Milani,  GP,  Bottino, et al

JAMA Pediatr

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

The importance of planning in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic in Paraguay

Miltos,  CP,  Duerksen, et al

Community Eye Health Journal

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Bats and viruses

Misra,  Vikram

The Lancet Infectious Diseases

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

It is unprecedented: trial management during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond

Mitchell,  EJ,  Ahmed, et al

Trials

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Clinical course and outcome of COVID-19 in patients with rheumatic diseases: are all biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs alike? Response to: ‘Increased risk for severe COVID-19 in patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases treated with rit

Monti,  S,  Montecucco, et al

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Myocardial and microvascular injury due to Coronavirus disease 2019

Montone,  RA,  Iannaccone, et al

European Cardiology Review

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Disability and COVID-19

Mörchen,  M,  Kapoor, et al

Community Eye Health Journal

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

National publication productivity during the COVID-19 pandemic—a preliminary exploratory analysis of the 30 countries most affected

Müller,  SM,  Mueller, et al

Biology

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

COVID-19-infektionsschutz: Hygiene-lotse

Müller,  U

Deutsches Arzteblatt International

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

PMC7363613; Multidisciplinary care of epidermolysis bullosa during the COVID-19 pandemic-Consensus: Recommendations by an international panel of experts

Murrell,  DF,  Lucky, et al

J Am Acad Dermatol

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

COVID-19: PERSPECTIVES from the EXPERIENCE of ONE AUSTRALIAN PRIMARY HEALTH NETWORK

Nankervis,  R,  Alexander, et al

Asia Pacific Journal of Health Management

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

COVID-19 and importance of social distancing

Nanotkar,  L,  Dhanvij, et al

Journal of Critical Reviews

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

A Wench’s Guide to Surviving a ‘Global’ Pandemic Crisis: Feminist Publishing in a Time of COVID-19

Naqvi,  ZB,  Russell, et al

Feminist Legal Studies

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

32884675; The most recent advances in understanding and managing hidradenitis suppurativa

Narla,  S,  Lyons, et al

F1000Research

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

The role of Interleukin 6 inhibitors in therapy of severe COVID-19

Nasonov,  E,  Samsonov, et al

Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

32880107; COVID-19 et hépatologie

Negro,  F,  Moradpour, et al

Revue medicale suisse

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Genetic Associations With Plasma Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 Concentration: Potential Relevance to COVID-19 Risk

Nelson,  CP,  Sama, et al

Circulation

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

A panoramic view of the epidemics through time

Neri-Vela,  R,  Carrillo-Esper, et al

Revista Mexicana de Anestesiologia

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Why nobody discusses the adverse psychiatric effects of chloroquine in case it might become the future treatment against COVID-19?

Nessaibia,  I,  Siciliano, et al

Int J Health Plann Manage

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Preparing hospitals in India for covid-19 pandemic

Nibudey,  A,  Vidya Baliga, et al

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Defensin 5 for prevention of SARS-CoV-2 invasion and Covid-19 disease

Niv,  Y

Medical hypotheses

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Taking long term care from crisis to thriving in the time of COVID-19

Norwood,  F,  Lynn, et al

Journal of Aging Studies

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

COVID-19 and Kidney Disease Disparities in the United States

Novick,  TK,  Rizzolo, et al

Advances in Chronic Kidney Disease

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

PMC7184357; Weak Induction of Interferon Expression by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Supports Clinical Trials of Interferon-λ to Treat Early Coronavirus Disease 2019

O'Brien,  TR,  Thomas, et al

Clin Infect Dis

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Impact of COVID-19 on the duration of the peer review process of the journal of animal science and technology

Oh,  S

Science Editing

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

An online repository of solvation thermodynamic and structural maps of SARS-CoV-2 targets

Olson,  B,  Cruz, et al

J Comput Aided Mol Des

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Time to include pandemic preparedness training to healthcare curriculum

Omar,  UF,  Kharlukhi, et al

Med Educ Online

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Evidence and Recommendations on the Use of Telemedicine for the Management of Arterial Hypertension: An International Expert Position Paper

Omboni,  S,  McManus, et al

Hypertension

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

COVID-19: Adaptations and changes at guinness eye centre, Nigeria

Onakoya,  A

Community Eye Health Journal

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

The role of virtual sub-internships in influencing career perceptions: an international medical graduate perspective

Ooi,  R,  Ooi, et al

Med Educ Online

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Should We Mandate a COVID-19 Vaccine for Children?

Opel,  DJ,  Diekema, et al

JAMA Pediatr

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Pandemia COVID 19: Guías y recomendaciones para el manejo del Paro Cardiaco en adultos en el pre-hospitalario y admisión de guardia. Medidas tendientes a incrementar la eficacia y reducir el riesgo del SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) durante la reanimación cardiopu

Orellana,  J,  Del Giorgio, et al

Revista de la Federacion Argentina de Cardiologia

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Comment on “Response to COVID-19 in breast imaging”

Orsi,  MA,  Oliva, et al

Journal of Breast Imaging

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

32639083; Balancing infection control and frailty prevention during and after the COVID-19 pandemic: Introduction of the National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology Home Exercise Program for Older People Home Exercise Program for Older People 2020

Osawa,  A,  Maeshima, et al

Geriatrics and Gerontology International

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Correction to: Safety of psychotropic medications in people with COVID-19: evidence review and practical recommendations

Ostuzzi,  G,  Papola, et al

BMC Med

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Leadership After a Crisis: The Application of Psychological First Aid

Owen,  RD,  Schimmels, et al

J Nurs Adm

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Being a Urologist on COVID-19 Pandemic Days

Özman,  O

Urol J

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Angiotensin Converting Enzyme-2 (ACE2) receptors, asthma and severe COVID-19 infection risk

Öztürk,  AB,  Çağlayan, et al

Eur Ann Allergy Clin Immunol

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Editorial: intended victim or innocent bystander? The liver in COVID-19

Packer,  G,  Bangash, et al

Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Serological assays for delayed SARS-CoV-2 case identification – Author's reply

Pallett,  ScottJC,  Rayment, et al

The Lancet Respiratory Medicine

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

PI3Kδ Inhibition as a Potential Therapeutic Target in COVID-19

Palma,  G,  Pasqua, et al

Frontiers in Immunology

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Ready, Set, BABY Live Virtual Prenatal Breastfeeding Education for COVID-19

Palmquist,  AEL,  Parry, et al

J Hum Lact

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Alliance of COVID 19 with pandemic of sedentary lifestyle & physical inactivity: Impact on reproductive health

Panda,  SR

Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

CAN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES HANDLE the MENTAL BURDEN DUE to the LOCKDOWN SITUATION? UNDERSTANDING the UNCERTAINTY and MANAGEMENT of COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Pandey,  J,  Chakraborty, et al

Asia Pacific Journal of Health Management

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

The impact of the Covid-19 health crisis on the water cycle in France

Paplorey,  C

Houille Blanche

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Trends in Spanish-language Google searches on mental health issues in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic

Paredes-Angeles,  R,  Taype-Rondan, et al

Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

PMC7476886; COVID-19 challenges and WASH in informal settlements: Integrated action supported by the sustainable development goals

Parikh,  P,  Diep, et al

Cities

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Preserving 2 decades of healthcare gains for Africa in the coronavirus disease 2019 era

Pastakia,  SD,  Braitstein, et al

Aids

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Pharmaceutical education and research: Post the COVID-19 pandemic

Patani,  G

Indian Drugs

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Ordinary Care in Extraordinary Times

Patel,  S,  Gannon, et al

Ir J Psychol Med

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Correction to: Pre-existing cerebrovascular disease and poor outcomes of COVID-19 hospitalized patients: a meta-analysis (Journal of Neurology, (2020), 10.1007/s00415-020-10141-w)

Patel,  U,  Malik, et al

Journal of neurology

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

COVID-19: Is there a role for Western blots and skin testing for determining immunity and development of a vaccine?

Pavia,  CS,  Wormser, et al

Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Surgical Smoke in the Era of the COVID-19 Pandemic-Is It Time to Reconsider Policies on Smoke Evacuation?

Pavlinec,  J,  Su, et al

J Urol

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

The ideal treatment in dentistry during covid-19 pandemic

Pawinru,  AS

Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

PMC7283694; TIME TO REVISIT UNEVEN POLICY IN THE UNITED STATES FOR MEDICATION FOR OPIOID USE DISORDER DURING COVID-19

Pena,  E,  Ahmed, et al

Addiction

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on a population-based breast cancer screening program

Peng,  SM,  Yang, et al

Cancer

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

32889955; Telemedicine in Behavioral Neurology-Neuropsychiatry: Opportunities and Challenges Catalyzed by COVID-19

Perez,  DL,  Biffi, et al

Cognitive and behavioral neurology : official journal of the Society for Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Environmental health leadership on climate solutions amidst covid-19

Perkowitz,  RM,  Speiser, et al

Journal of environmental health

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

How fast is too fast?

Peters,  R

Pharmaceutical Technology

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Navigating uncharted waters

Peters,  R

Pharmaceutical Technology

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

A Centrally Acting Antihypertensive, Clonidine, Sedates Patients Presenting With Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Evoked by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus 2

Petitjeans,  F,  Martinez, et al

Crit Care Med

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Ecologic association between influenza and COVID-19 mortality rates in European countries

Petti,  S,  Cowling, et al

Epidemiol Infect

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

INTRINSIC CULTURAL FACTORS THAT HELPED VIETNAM OVERCOME the COVID-19 PANDEMIC COMPARED with OTHER COUNTRIES

Pham,  NC,  Li, et al

Asia Pacific Journal of Health Management

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Mental and behavioral changes during COVID 19 pandemic and how to deal with it

Philip,  M,  Mahakalka, et al

Journal of Critical Reviews

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

COVID-19 numbers and models: Misleading us, or leading us out of misery?

Philippin,  H,  Knoll, et al

Community Eye Health Journal

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Successful management of SARS-CoV-2 acute respiratory distress syndrome and newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Phillips,  L,  Pavisic, et al

Blood Adv

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

PMC7375185 authors have disclosed that they do not have any potential conflicts of interest; Optimizing the Risk-Benefit Balance of Thromboprophylaxis in Critically Ill Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019

Piagnerelli,  M,  Cauchie, et al

Crit Care Med

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

PMC7330528; Sport Integrity Opportunities in the Time of Coronavirus

Pitsiladis,  Y,  Muniz-Pardos, et al

Sports Med

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Drug information association (DIA) 2020 virtual global annual meeting (june 14-18, 2020)

Polychrones,  J

Drugs of Today

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Letter: liver involvement and mortality in COVID-19 patients – authors' reply

Ponziani,  FR,  Del Zompo, et al

Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Ophthalmic practice protocols during the COVID-19 pandemic - the Aravind way

Prajna,  NV

Community Eye Health Journal

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

32890228; Balancing Health and Economic Factors When Reopening Business in the Age of COVID-19

Pronk,  NP,  Kassler, et al

Journal of occupational and environmental medicine

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

"I Feel Almost as Though I've Lived This Before": Insights from Sexual and Gender Minority Men on Coping with COVID-19

Quinn,  KG,  Walsh, et al

AIDS Behav

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Viewpoint: Jordan’s public and surveillance health policies: During and after COVID-19

Qutob,  RA,  Ajlouni, et al

Jordan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

COVID-19 Viral and Serology Testing in New York City Health Care Workers

Racine-Brzostek,  S,  Yang, et al

Am J Clin Pathol

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Perioperative Pain Management During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Telemedicine Approach

Rahman,  S,  Speed, et al

Pain Med

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Findings in Competitive Athletes Recovering From COVID-19 Infection

Rajpal,  S,  Tong, et al

JAMA Cardiol

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Tip #13 - Innovate, learn from others, and keep innovating. Practical tips for supporting competency-based medical education during the COVID-19 pandemic

Rallis,  K,  Barton, et al

Med Teach

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

ECT in the time of the COVID-19 pandemic

Ramakrishnan,  VS,  Kim, et al

Australas Psychiatry

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Virtual Outreach: Using Social Media to Reach Spanish-speaking Agricultural Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Ramos,  AK,  Duysen, et al

J Agromedicine

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Yoga for COVID-19 and natural disaster related mental health issues: Challenges and perspectives

Ransing,  R,  Pinto da Costa, et al

Asian Journal of Psychiatry

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

PMC7359802 personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper; Viewpoint - Handwashing and COVID-19: Simple, right there…?

Ray,  I

World Dev

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Plastic surgery training during COVID-19: Challenges and novel learning opportunities

Reed,  AJM,  Chan, et al

Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Organizational measures aiming to combat COVID-19 in the Russian Federation: the first experience

Reshetnikov,  V,  Mitrokhin, et al

Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Intention to vaccinate against COVID-19 in Australia

Rhodes,  Anthea,  Hoq, et al

The Lancet Infectious Diseases

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Covid-19: "protecting the NHS" encourages people with symptoms to stay at home

Ridsdale,  L

Bmj

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

IEEE 802.11ah Network Challenges Supports Covid-19 Prevention Team

Riza,  TA,  Gunawan, et al

 

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

A COVID-19 exemption code to ensure post-recovery care: From the territory a proposal for the Apulia Region government

Rizzo,  E,  Carlà, et al

EClinicalMedicine

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

COVID-19 pandemic and the health of refugees in Brazil

Rodrigues,  IA,  Cavalcante, et al

Physis

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Digital didactic materials and coronavirus during confinement in the Spanish context

Rodríguez,  JR,  Gómez, et al

Praxis Educativa

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

COVID-19. The pandemic and the children

Rodríguez,  MS

Arch Argent Pediatr

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

COVID-19 convalescent plasma clears SARS-CoV-2 refractory to remdesivir in an infant with congenital heart disease

Rodriguez,  Z,  Shane, et al

Blood Adv

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Letter: unknown denominator and misleading conclusions in COVID-19

Rodríguez-Perálvarez,  M,  Salcedo, et al

Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Recommendations for COVID-19 contingency in patients with primary immunodeficiencies. Interview with Aidé Tamara Staines Boone

Romanillos,  PMO

Revista alergia Mexico

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

32867623; Comment on “Response of a comprehensive cancer center to the COVID-19 pandemic: the experience of the Fondazione IRCCS–Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano”

Romanzi,  A,  Vannelli, et al

Tumori

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Re: Delayed Radical Prostatectomy is Not Associated with Adverse Oncological Outcomes: Implications for Men Experiencing Surgical Delay Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic

Rosen,  GH,  Golzy, et al

J Urol

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

International experiences of the active period of COVID-19 - Mental health care

Rosenberg,  S,  Mendoza, et al

Health Policy and Technology

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) cytoprotective pathway: A potential treatment strategy against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-induced cytokine storm syndrome

Rossi,  M,  Piagnerelli, et al

Medical hypotheses

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

32859261; Erratum: Correction to: COVID-19-associated acute cerebral venous thrombosis: clinical, CT, MRI and EEG features (Critical care (London, England) (2020) 24 1 (419))

Roy-Gash,  F,  De Mesmay, et al

Critical Care (London, England)

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

An Introduction to The Anti-COVID-19-Net-Containment Plan

Ruiz,  Estrada,  Mario Arturo

SSRN- Lancet prepublication

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

COVID-19 Outbreak Associated with Air Conditioning in Restaurant, Guangzhou, China, 2020

Rule,  AM

Emerg Infect Dis

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Meeting your neighbor for another first time: The work of secondorder reflexivity in communication during the covid-19 emergency in italy

Russi,  L

Anthropological Quarterly

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Identification of the antithrombotic protein S as a potential target of the SARS-CoV-2 papain-like protease

Ruzicka,  JA

Thrombosis research

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

32869769; Il primo soccorso e la rianimazione cardiopolmonare in contesti aziendali durante la pandemia covid-19

Sacco,  A

Medicina del Lavoro

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Repurposing Drugs, Ongoing Vaccine, and New Therapeutic Development Initiatives Against COVID-19

Saha,  RP,  Sharma, et al

Frontiers in Pharmacology

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

The use of antioxidants against high ferritin-induced oxidation in COVID-19 patients: a biochemical approach

Şahin,  M

Intern Emerg Med

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Is the transmission of novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) weather dependent?

Sahoo,  PK

J Air Waste Manag Assoc

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Floating countries and corona pandemic: Impact of covid-19 on stranded cruise ships

Sahu,  A,  Naqvi, et al

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Impact of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic on multiple sclerosis care

Salama,  S,  Ahmed, et al

Clinical neurology and neurosurgery

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

The COVID-19 Impact on Childcare in Agricultural Populations

Salzwedel,  M,  Liebman, et al

J Agromedicine

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

The cytokine storm in COVID-19. Interview with Ivan Cherrez

Sánchez,  DAH

Revista alergia Mexico

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Lessons from the covid-19 pandemic

Sanhueza-Alvarado,  O

Aquichan

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

A role of glycation and methylation for SARS-CoV-2 infection in diabetes?

Sartore,  G,  Ragazzi, et al

Medical hypotheses

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Statement for electrophysiological procedures under the COVID-19 pandemic from the Japanese heart rhythm society task force

Satomi,  K,  Watanabe, et al

Journal of Arrhythmia

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Lessons Learned: Pediatric Telemental Health in a Rural Medical Center in the Age of SARS-CoV-2

Satti,  K,  Ojugbele, et al

Journal of Rural Health

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

COVID-19 Aufklärung statt Panik Umfrage zum Coronavirus zeigt Verunsicherung in der Bevölkerung

Scherf-Clavel,  O,  Dinkel, et al

Deutsche Apotheker Zeitung

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

A flurry of covid-19 studies are underway, but scientists warn a vaccine will take time

Schieszer,  J

Drug Topics

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Telemedicine holds many promises but needs to be developed to be accepted by patients as an alternative to a visit to the doctor. Response to: ‘Patient acceptance of using telemedicine for follow-up of lupus nephritis in the COVID-19 outbreak’ by So et al

Schulze-Koops,  H,  Specker, et al

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Role of melatonin in the treatment of COVID-19; as an adjuvant through cluster differentiation 147 (CD147)

Sehirli,  AO,  Sayiner, et al

Mol Biol Rep

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Lessons to learn: COVID-19 epidemic in Italy

Semenov,  AV,  Pshenichnaya, et al

Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

COVID-19 in Cushing disease: experience of a single tertiary centre in Lombardy

Serban,  AL,  Ferrante, et al

J Endocrinol Invest

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Design mobile application for health consultation during pandemic COVID 19

Setiawan,  R,  Kisman, et al

International Journal of Advanced Trends in Computer Science and Engineering

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Why US-Saudi Arabia relations will continue to be close, even when climate action reduces demand for oil

Seznec,  JF

Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Can roflumilast become steroid-sparing alternative in the treatment of COVID-19?

Shah,  CA

Medical hypotheses

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Homeless persons with mental illness during COVID-19

Sharma,  M,  Aggarwal, et al

Asian Journal of Psychiatry

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in domestic animals and wildlife: advances and prospects in the development of animal models for vaccine and therapeutic research

Sharun,  K,  Tiwari, et al

Hum Vaccin Immunother

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

In Search for a Cure: Recommendation with Knowledge Graph on CORD-19

Shen,  I,  Zhang, et al

 

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Global Pediatric Pulmonology Alliance recommendation to strengthen prevention of pediatric seasonal influenza under COVID-19 pandemic

Shen,  KL,  Namazova-Baranova, et al

World J Pediatr

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

32890322; Guidelines for Ultrasound in the Radiology Department During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Sheth,  S,  Fetzer, et al

Ultrasound quarterly

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Covid-19 and indian commerce: an analysis of fast moving consumer goods (Fmcg), and retail industries of tomorrow

Shetty,  G,  Nougarahiya, et al

International Journal of Current Research and Review

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

PMC7476579; Reducing perceived health risk to attract hotel customers in the COVID-19 pandemic era: Focused on technology innovation for social distancing and cleanliness

Shin,  H,  Kang, et al

Int J Hosp Manag

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Mental health in Kashmir: conflict to COVID-19

Shoib,  S,  Yasir Arafat, et al

Public health

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Standard operating procedure for specimen collection, packaging and transport for diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2

Shrestha,  LB,  Pokharel, et al

Journal of the Nepal Medical Association

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

"What a waste"-Can we improve sustainability of food animal production systems by recycling food waste streams into animal feed in an era of health, climate, and economic crises?

Shurson,  GC

Sustainability (Switzerland)

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

32480434; Educational case series of electrocardiographs during the COVID-19 pandemic and the implications for therapy

Sia,  CH,  Ngiam, et al

Singapore medical journal

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on domestic violence in Bangladesh

Sifat,  RI

Asian Journal of Psychiatry

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Retraction: Noninvasive versus invasive ventilation: one modality cannot fit all during COVID-19 outbreak

Singh,  A

Korean J Anesthesiol

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

The impact of COVID-19 on medical electives in plastic surgery – A medical students’ perspective

Singh,  U

Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Human animal interface of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) transmission: a critical appraisal of scientific evidence

Singla,  R,  Mishra, et al

Vet Res Commun

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

COVID-19 and the AASV

Snelson,  H

Journal of Swine Health and Production

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Fighting pandemics by exploiting 5G, AI and bigdata enabled technologies: How 5G can help contain the spread of COVID-19

Soldani,  D

Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

32893532; Gastrointestinal involvement of COVID-19 and potential faecal transmission of SARS-CoV-2

Song,  M,  Li, et al

Journal of Zhejiang University.Science.B

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Fight COVID-19 depression with immunity booster: Curcumin for psychoneuroimmunomodulation

Soni,  VK,  Mehta, et al

Asian Journal of Psychiatry

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

The underfunding of the Unified Health System and its impact on coping with COVID-19

Souza,  DO

Physis

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Pathophysiological aspects of covid-19 and use of non-invasive ventilation. Is it possible?

Spadari,  JAA,  Gardenghi, et al

Revista Pesquisa em Fisioterapia

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Vitamin D binding protein polymorphism and COVID-19

Speeckaert,  MM,  De Buyzere, et al

J Med Virol

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

32858014; Comparative nanostructure consideration on Wuhan novel coronavirus and possibility of transplacental transmission

Sriwijitalai,  W,  Wiwanitkit, et al

American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Direct evidence of SARS-CoV-2 in gut endothelium

Stahl,  K,  Bräsen, et al

Intensive Care Med

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Könnte das Corona sein? Vielfältige Symptome bei COVID-19

Stahl,  V

Deutsche Apotheker Zeitung

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

COVID-19 and the Path to Immunity

Stephens,  DS,  McElrath, et al

Jama

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

PMC7477601; The 'Industrial Enlightenment' and technological paradigms of the modern steel industry

Suenaga,  K

Technol Soc

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Preanesthetic Povidone-Iodine gargles for patients with COVID-19

Suresh,  V,  Sharma, et al

Journal of clinical anesthesia

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Recommendations for the so-called off-label use of medicinal products in covid-19 patients

Šustek,  P,  Holčapek, et al

Anesteziologie a Intenzivni Medicina

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

T cells in COVID-19 — united in diversity

Swadling,  L,  Maini, et al

Nature immunology

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Letter to the editor-Mortality rate of acute kidney injury in SARS, MERS, and COVID-19 infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Swai,  J

Crit Care

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Correction to: Reflections on designing population surveys for COVID-19 infection and prevalence (GeroScience, (2020), 10.1007/s11357-020-00253-6)

Swaminathan,  A,  Subramanian, et al

GeroScience

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

PMC7346852; Reply to "Could a mannequin simplify rhinopharyngeal swab collection in COVID 19 patients?"

Tagliabue,  M,  Pietrobon, et al

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

32882708; How does COVID-19 kill at home and what should we do about it?

Tan,  HL

European heart journal

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Role of Eosinophils in the Diagnosis and Prognostic Evaluation of COVID-19

Tan,  Y,  Zhou, et al

J Med Virol

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Are Proton Pump Inhibitors Contributing to SARS-COV-2 Infection?

Tarlow,  B,  Gubatan, et al

Am J Gastroenterol

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

32890353; A New Rating Scale (SAVE-9) to Demonstrate the Stress and Anxiety in the Healthcare Workers During the COVID-19 Viral Epidemic

Tavormina,  G,  Tavormina, et al

Psychiatria Danubina

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Letter: severe COVID-19 infection and biologic therapies—a cohort study of 7808 patients in France. Authors' reply

Taxonera,  C,  Alba, et al

Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

32890217; Safely Returning America to Work: Part I: General Guidance for Employers

Taylor,  T,  Das, et al

Journal of occupational and environmental medicine

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

COVID-19 and leprosy-hurdles and possible solutions

Thangaraju,  P,  Arulmani, et al

Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Clinical research: further COVID-19 collateral damage

The Lancet,  Gastroenterology,  amp, et al

The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Coronaviruses – Potential human threat from foodborne transmission?

Thippareddi,  H,  Balamurugan, et al

LWT

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Improving body imaging throughput in the midst of COVID-19

Thomas,  JV,  Porter, et al

Applied Radiology

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Letter: gastrointestinal symptoms pre-admission are associated with greater severity of COVID-19—authors' reply

Tian,  Y,  Rong, et al

Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

A study on healthy breathing pattern when wearing a mask

Tian,  Z,  Kim, et al

International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Spreading of SARS-CoV-2 in West Africa and assessment of risk factors

Tinto,  B,  Salinas, et al

Epidemiol Infect

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

PMC7470766; Preparing for 'COVID-27': Lessons in management focus - An Australian general aviation perspective

Tisdall,  L,  Zhang, et al

J Air Transp Manag

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

32876415; Initial hospital preparation and response to fight the COVID-19 pandemic, based on the British university hospital experience

Torlinski,  T

Anaesthesiology intensive therapy

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Simultaneous hospital/primary care real time simulation during COVID-19 alert

Trastoy Quintela,  J,  Moure González, et al

Anales de Pediatria

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

32895816; Wie COVID-19 auf den Bauch schlägt: Gastrointestinale Manifestationen

Treiber,  M,  Thimme, et al

MMW-Fortschritte der Medizin

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

32890371; Psychoses by Attacks from Subverted Mast Cells: A Role for Arterial Intramural Flow Badly Steered by the Nasal Ganglia?

Treviranus,  GRS

Psychiatria Danubina

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Community triage and home-based care of Covid-19

Tripathi,  SK

Journal of the Indian Medical Association

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Working along the Continuum: North Carolina's Collaborative Response to COVID-19 for Migrant & Seasonal Farmworkers

Tutor Marcom,  R,  Freeman Lambar, et al

J Agromedicine

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Lupus anticoagulant in patients with COVID-19

Tvito,  A,  Ben-Chetrit, et al

Int J Lab Hematol

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Coronavirus dons a new crown

Unchwaniwala,  N,  Ahlquist, et al

Science

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

COVID-19 and changes in smoking behavior

Underner,  M,  Perriot, et al

Revue des maladies respiratoires

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Generational Differences and COVID-19: Positive Interactions in Virtual Workplaces

Urick,  M

Journal of Intergenerational Relationships

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

The COVID-19 pandemic in Norway: The dominance of social implications in framing the policy response

Ursin,  G,  Skjesol, et al

Health Policy and Technology

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

The Path Forward for COVID-19 Diagnostics

Usherwood,  T,  Zhang, et al

Mol Diagn Ther

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Physician Deaths in India During COVID-19 Pandemic

Uvais,  NA,  Rasmina, et al

Occup Med (Lond)

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

32548769; Doctor–patient relationship at the time of COVID-19: travel notes

Vallelonga,  F,  Elia, et al

Intensive care medicine

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Neuropsychiatric sequelae of the COVID-19 pandemic

van de Kraats,  G,  van Veen, et al

Tijdschrift voor Psychiatrie

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

The value of anaesthesiologists in the COVID-19 pandemic: a model for our future practice?

van Klei,  WA,  Hollmann, et al

British journal of anaesthesia

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

32810641; Usefulness of bronchoalveolar lavage in suspect COVID-19 repeatedly negative swab test and interstitial lung disease

Vannucci,  J,  Ruberto, et al

Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

32771630; Comment on Arshad et al.: Treatment with Hydroxychloroquine, Azithromycin, and Combination in Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19

Varisco,  TJ,  Johnson, et al

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Telemedicine for patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis during COVID-19 pandemic: an Italian ALS referral center experience

Vasta,  R,  Moglia, et al

Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Chitosans and the fight against the coronaviruses

Velásquez,  CL,  Pirela, et al

Avances en Quimica

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

32790897; Seborrheic dermatitis and anti-COVID-19 masks

Veraldi,  S,  Angileri, et al

Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Clinical pearls for COVID-19 in children: what do pediatricians need to know?

Verma,  R,  Amin, et al

Pediatr Res

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Caremongering and Assumptions of Need: The Spread of Compassionate Ageism During COVID-19

Vervaecke,  D,  Meisner, et al

Gerontologist

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Treatment with ACE inhibitors and AT1-blockers during the COVID-19 pandemic

Veselý,  J

Cor et vasa

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

From crisis to coordination: Challenges and opportunities for integrated care posed by the COVID-19 pandemic

Viktoria Stein,  K,  Goodwin, et al

International Journal of Integrated Care

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

A wrench in the works of COVID-19

Vinson,  V

Science

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Why obesity worsens COVID-19

Wadman,  M

Science

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Coronavirus (COVID-19) combat: The power of chemistry

Wang,  C,  Qu, et al

Kexue Tongbao/Chinese Science Bulletin

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Recent Advances on Graph Analytics and Its Applications in Healthcare

Wang,  F,  Cui, et al

 

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Evaluating the efficacy and safety of bromhexine hydrochloride tablets in treating pediatric COVID-19: A protocol for meta-analysis and systematic review

Wang,  Y,  Zhang, et al

Medicine (Baltimore)

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Lockdown lifestyle: Engaging the invisible enemy

Wanjari,  TN,  Sawarkar, et al

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Re: COVID-19 and the Urology Match: Perspectives and a Call to ActionA. T. Gabrielson, T. P. Kohn and M. M. Clifton J Urol 2020; 204: 17-19

Warren,  CJ,  Davis, et al

J Urol

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

COVID-19, cancer and psycho-oncology: Dealing with the challenges

Watson,  M,  Fielding, et al

Psycho-oncology

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Personal protective equipment for COVID-19 in eye care

Watts,  E,  Leck, et al

Community Eye Health Journal

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Correction to: Learning from the past: did experience with previous epidemics help mitigate the impact of COVID-19 among spine surgeons worldwide? (European Spine Journal, (2020), 29, 8, (1789-1805), 10.1007/s00586-020-06477-6)

Weiner,  JA,  Swiatek, et al

European Spine Journal

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

PMC7184385; After Coronavirus Disease 2019

Wenzel,  RP

Clin Infect Dis

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Facts and thoughts on COVID-19 pandemic

Widimský,  P

Cor et vasa

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

COVID-19 and the renin-angiotensin system (RAS): A spark that sets the forest alight?

Wiese,  OJ,  Allwood, et al

Medical hypotheses

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Janus Family Kinase (JAK) Inhibitors in HLH and Severe COVID-19

Wilcox,  RA

Am J Hematol

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Investigators find covid-19 connection in vasculitis

Wiley,  F

Drug Topics

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Invasive and non-invasive ventilation in patients with COVID-19

Windisch,  W,  Weber-Carstens, et al

Deutsches Arzteblatt International

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Issues on the logistics challenges in the pandemic period

Wing Shin,  RT,  Stoller, et al

Journal of Critical Reviews

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Publisher Correction: SARS-CoV-2 infection of human ACE2-transgenic mice causes severe lung inflammation and impaired function (Nature Immunology, (2020), 10.1038/s41590-020-0778-2)

Winkler,  ES,  Bailey, et al

Nature immunology

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Covid-19: Scotland launches contact tracing app with England and Wales to follow

Wise,  J

Bmj

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

The acceptance of Covid-19 tracking technologies: The role of perceived threat, lack of control, and ideological beliefs

Wnuk,  A,  Oleksy, et al

PLoS One

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

PMC7375182; Effects of Renin-Angiotensin Inhibition on ACE2 (Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2) and TMPRSS2 (Transmembrane Protease Serine 2) Expression: Insights Into COVID-19

Wu,  C,  Ye, et al

Hypertension

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

LGBTQ+ Farmer Health in COVID-19

Wypler,  J,  Hoffelmeyer, et al

J Agromedicine

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Out-of-hospital management strategies for gastric cancer patients during the COVID-19 outbreak

Xue,  K,  Li, et al

Chinese Journal of Digestive Surgery

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Living with COVID-19: What do psychiatric hospitals need to consider in the coming months?

Yahyavi,  ST

Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Effect of respiratory rehabilitation training on elderly patients with COVID-19: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis

Yan,  H,  Ouyang, et al

Medicine (Baltimore)

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

32853601; Characterizing COVID-19 severity, epidemiology and SARS-CoV-2 genotypes in a regional business hub of China

Yan,  Y,  Liu, et al

Journal of Infection

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Management of acute ischemic stroke under routine infection prevention practices for COVID-19

Yang,  B,  Wang, et al

J Neurointerv Surg

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Perinatal management of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection

Yang,  X,  Shi, et al

Chinese Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pediatrics

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Overall management strategies for liver cancer patients during the COVID-19 outbreak

Yang,  X,  Sun, et al

Chinese Journal of Digestive Surgery

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

COVID-19 burnout, COVID-19 stress and resilience: Initial psychometric properties of COVID-19 Burnout Scale

Yıldırım,  M,  Solmaz, et al

Death Stud

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Letter: gastrointestinal symptoms pre-admission are associated with greater severity of COVID-19

Yu,  J,  Xu, et al

Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Spotlight on COVID-19: from biology to therapy and prevention

Zacchigna,  S,  Marcello, et al

FEBS Journal

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

HLA genetics and COVID-19

Zahn,  LM

Science

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

PMC7272331; The coronavirus pandemic - A critical discussion of a tourism research agenda

Zenker,  S,  Kock, et al

Tour Manag

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Utility of D-dimers and intermediate-dose prophylaxis for venous thromboembolism in critically ill patients with COVID-19

Zermatten,  MG,  Pantet, et al

Thrombosis research

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

The Influence of the Ongoing COVID-19 Pandemic on Family Violence in China

Zhang,  H

Journal of Family Violence

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Data mining can play a critical role in COVID-19 linked mental health studies

Zhang,  T

Asian Journal of Psychiatry

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Clinical strategies for COVID-19 in surgeons

Zhang,  Z,  Chen, et al

Chinese Journal of Digestive Surgery

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

PMC7454680; Interferon-Induced Transmembrane Protein 3 Related to Coronavirus Disease 2019

Zhao,  T

J Infect Dis

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Concept renovation: a new perspective of minimally invasive surgery

Zheng,  M,  Ma, et al

Chinese Journal of Digestive Surgery

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Immune asynchrony in COVID-19 pathogenesis and potential immunotherapies

Zhou,  T,  Su, et al

J Exp Med

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Thoughts on Convergence Science of high-risk animals responsible for zoonotic epidemics

Zhou,  X

Kexue Tongbao/Chinese Science Bulletin

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Responses of pediatric palliative care to the COVID-19 pandemic in China

Zhou,  X,  Cai, et al

Pediatr Res

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

32876412; Proposed practice guidelines for burn centres in the context of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

Zieliński,  M,  Wróblewski, et al

Anaesthesiology intensive therapy

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Communicating with patients in the time of covid-19

Zilka,  J

Drug Topics

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

RE: "COVID-19 IN HEALTH-CARE WORKERS: A LIVING SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS OF PREVALENCE, RISK FACTORS, CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS, AND OUTCOMES"

 

Am J Epidemiol

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Erratum to: The implication of ocular manifestation of covid-19 for medical staff and patients – systematic review (Ann Agric Environ Med. 2020, 27, 2, 165-170, 10.26444/aaem/122790)

 

Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Un llamado a la responsabilidad en las publicaciones en tiempos de la COVID-19

 

Avances en Psicologia Latinoamericana

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Update to living systematic review on drug treatments for covid-19

 

Bmj

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Corrigendum: Regulations to reduce risk of hearing damage in concert venues (Bull World Health Organ., (2020) 98, 5, (367–369), 10.2471/BLT.19.242404)

 

Bulletin of the World Health Organization

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

History of SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 infection

 

Infectio

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

PMC7261454; Restricted family visiting in intensive care during COVID-19

 

Intensive Crit Care Nurs

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

32890225; How do we Find a "New Normal" for Industry and Business After COVID-19 Shut Downs?

 

Journal of occupational and environmental medicine

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Introduction to the Special Issue on the Public Economics of COVID-19

 

Journal of Public Economics

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Erratum: Department of Error (The Lancet (2020) 395(10239) (1757–1758), (S0140673620311818), (10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31181-8))

 

The Lancet

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Erratum: Department of Error (The Lancet (2020) 395(10241) (1907–1918), (S0140673620311879), (10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31187-9))

 

The Lancet

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Correction to Lancet Planet Health 2020; 4: e381–82 (The Lancet Planetary Health (2020) 4(9) (e381–e382), (S254251962030173X), (10.1016/S2542-5196(20)30173-X))

 

The Lancet Planetary Health

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

The column Psychiatry and COVID-19

 

Tijdschrift voor Psychiatrie

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

One impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the pediatric population: MIS-C

 

U.S.Pharmacist

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

Correction to: Early dinner or “dinner like a pauper”: Evidence, the habitual time of the largest meal of the day – dinner – is predisposing to severe COVID-19 outcome – death (Chronobiology International, (2020), (1-5), 10.1080/07420528.2020.1772810)

 

Chronobiology international

Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

 

 


 

Appendix: Process and definitions. 

 

A daily search for new publications is conducted in PubMed, Scopus, BioRxiv and MedRxiv, SSRN, Research Square, arXiv for all publications related to COVID-19 disease or SARS-CoV-2 using the search terms (COVID-19 OR SARS-CoV-2 OR "novel CoV" OR "novel coronavirus" OR nCoV) adapted to each database.  The capture is cross-referenced with publication announcements on the COVID-19 dashboards set up by a number of publishers and google.  Publishers include Lancet, Elsevier, The New England Journal of Medicine, BMJ, Wiley, Springer Nature, ChinaCDCweekly. Additionally the database is cross-referenced with other literature scans e.g. WHO publication list and activities by collaborators.  Members of the Emerging Sciences group develop 1 -2 point summaries of each publication. Please email Lisa Waddell for additional information: Lisa.Waddell@canada.ca.  References are compiled in a reworks database that has citations since the beginning of the outbreak.  All references can be accessed at this link and by the categories listed below.  The daily scan has also been compiled in an excel sheet and copies can be provided upon request or accessed here.

 

Category Definitions:

Modelling/ prediction: Predictive modeling is a process that uses data mining and probability to forecast outcomes. Each model is made up of a number of predictors, which are variables that are likely to influence future results.

Epidemiology: the branch of medicine which deals with the incidence, distribution, and possible control of diseases and other factors relating to health. Includes Ro, attack rates, case number doubling time, case fatality rate, serial interval, clinical attack rate, asymptomatic fraction, proportion of asymptomatic and infective*

Transmission: The passage of a pathogen causing communicable disease from an infected host to an uninfected host via direct or indirect routes.

Clinical data of cases: Includes clinical parameters such as incubation period, latent period, period of communicability, duration of illness, duration of hospitalization, host risk factors, as well as clinical profiles of patients; presenting symptoms, symptoms over course of illness, sequelae, comorbidities.* 

Surveillance: Public health surveillance is the continuous, systematic collection, analysis and interpretation of health-related data.  Surveillance data will likely be number of cases suspected/confirmed, number of deaths, number recovered. *

Coronavirology: All research relating to the virus; its characteristics, genetic make-up, phylogenetic analyses  

Diagnostics / Pathogen detection:  All studies on identification of the virus; culture, PCR, antibody/antigen tests etc.

Therapeutics: Studies of substances that may be used to treat infected hosts including passive immunization products.

Vaccine Research:  Studies of vaccine candidates to prevent infection with 2019-nCoV including clinical trials.

Public Health Priorities: These citations will focus on what the current research priorities are and/or where knowledge gaps exist.

Public Health interventions*: Any study evaluating how effective a public health intervention is or maybe (in the case of a predictive model).

Public Health response: These papers are typically overviews of past and current activities, they often also identify knowledge gaps and suggest future activities or objectives.

Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI): Any research on the effectiveness of IPC interventions should also be tagged as IPC

Health care Response: This foci would include a description of activities to deal with 2019-nCoV cases including, but not limited to:  set up of a special emergency multi-disciplinary intensive care team; Bed and medical equipment preparation/ stock piling supplies; Education and training of staff; Early case recognition and classification of disease severity.

Economics: papers discussing/ forecasting the economics of COVID-19 pandemic.

Immunology:

Animal Model:

Zoonotic: all literature discussing the transmission to and from or occurrence of naturally acquired SARS-COV-2 infection in animals. 

Review LiteratureAll articles that summarize the published literature can be tagged as a review.  This includes systematic review, meta-analysis, scoping review, overviews, umbrella reviews*

Commentary/Editorial: For commentaries, editorials, letters to the editor, other types of opinion pieces where there is no new data collected by the author or analysis conducted by the author, please tag these within the commentary category.

News articles that have not scientific information.

*Lists are not exhaustive

Annexe: Processus et définitions. 

 

Une recherche quotidienne des nouvelles publications est effectuée dans PubMed, Scopus, BioRxiv and MedRxiv, SSRN, Research Square, arXiv pour toutes les publications relatives à la maladie COVID-19 ou au SRAS-CoV-2 en utilisant les termes de recherche (COVID-19 OU SARS-CoV-2 OU « novel CoV » OU « novel coronavirus » OU nCoV).  La saisie renvoie à des annonces de publication sur les tableaux de bord du nCoV mis en place par un certain nombre d'éditeurs et par Google.  Parmi les éditeurs figurent Lancet, Elsevier, The New England Journal of Medicine, BMJ, Wiley, Springer Nature, ChinaCDCweekly.  En outre, la base de données renvoie à d'autres survols de publications, e.g. la liste des publications de l'OMS, et à des activités des collaborateurs.  Les membres du groupe scientifique émergent préparent des résumés en 1 ou 2 points de chaque publication. Pour en savoir plus, veuillez envoyer un courriel à Lisa Waddell au : Lisa.Waddell@canada.ca.  Les références sont compilées dans une base de données Refworks qui contient des citations depuis le début de l'épidémie.  Toutes les références sont accessibles à partir de ce lien et par les catégories énumérées ci-dessous. L'analyse quotidienne a également été compilée dans une feuille Excel et des copies peuvent être fournies sur demande ou consultées ici.

 

Définitions des catégories :

Modélisation / prédiction : La modélisation prédictive est un processus qui utilise l'exploration de données et la probabilité pour prévoir les résultats. Chaque modèle est composé de plusieurs prédicteurs, qui sont des variables susceptibles d'influencer les résultats futurs.

Épidémiologie : Branche de la médecine qui traite de l'incidence, de la répartition et du contrôle éventuel des maladies et d'autres facteurs liés à la santé. Comprend le taux de reproduction de base (Ro), les taux d'attaque, le temps de doublement du nombre de cas, le taux de létalité, l'intervalle sériel, le taux d'attaque clinique, la fraction asymptomatique, la proportion de cas asymptomatiques et infectieux*.

Transmission : Passage d'un agent pathogène causant une maladie transmissible d'un hôte infecté à un hôte non infecté par des voies directes ou indirectes.

Données cliniques des cas : Comprend les paramètres cliniques tels que la période d'incubation, la période de latence, la période de contagiosité, la durée de la maladie, la durée de l'hospitalisation, les facteurs de risque de l'hôte, ainsi que les profils cliniques des patients; les symptômes présentés, les symptômes au cours de la maladie, les séquelles, les comorbidités.* 

Surveillance : La surveillance de la santé publique est la collecte, l'analyse et l'interprétation continues et systématiques de données relatives à la santé.  Les données de surveillance concerneront probablement le nombre de cas suspects / confirmés, le nombre de décès, le nombre de personnes guéries. *

Coronavirologie : Toutes les recherches relatives au virus, ses caractéristiques, sa constitution génétique et les analyses phylogénétiques.  

Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes : Toutes les études sur l'identification du virus : culture, PCR, tests de dépistage d'anticorps ou d’antigènes, etc.

Thérapeutique : Étude des substances pouvant être utilisées pour traiter les hôtes infectés, y compris les produits d'immunisation passive.

Recherche sur les vaccins : Études des candidats à la vaccination pour prévenir l'infection par le 2019-nCoV, y compris des essais cliniques.

Priorités de santé publique : Ces citations porteront sur les priorités actuelles de recherche et/ou sur les lacunes dans les connaissances.

Interventions de santé publique* : Toute étude évaluant l'efficacité (réelle ou possible) d'une intervention de santé publique (dans le cas d'un modèle prédictif).

Réponse de la santé publique : Ces articles sont généralement des aperçus des activités passées et actuelles, qui identifient souvent les lacunes dans les connaissances et suggèrent des activités ou des objectifs futurs.

Prévention et contrôle des infections/Infection Prevention and Control (PCI/IPAC) : Les recherches sur l'efficacité des interventions en PCI doivent également être marquées comme PCI.

Réponse des soins de santé : Ce point comprendrait une description des activités pour traiter les cas de 2019-nCoV, notamment :  mise en place d'une équipe multidisciplinaire spéciale de soins intensifs d'urgence; préparation des lits et des équipements médicaux / stockage des fournitures; sensibilisation et formation du personnel; reconnaissance précoce des cas et classification de la gravité de la maladie.

Immunologie :

Modèle animal:

Zoonotic: all literature discussing the transmission to and from or occurrence of naturally acquired SARS-COV-2 infection in animals. 

Économie: documents discutant / prévoyant l'économie de la pandémie de COVID-19

Revue de la documentation Tous les articles qui résument les documents publiés peuvent être marqués comme une revue.  Cela comprend les revues systématiques, les méta-analyses, les études de la portée, les aperçus, les examens généraux*.

Commentaires/Éditorial : Pour les commentaires, éditoriaux, lettres à la rédaction, autres types d'articles d'opinion pour lesquels aucune nouvelle donnée n'est collectée ou aucune analyse n'est effectuée par l'auteur, veuillez les marquer dans la catégorie des commentaires.

journaux Articles de presse qui n'ont pas d'informations scientifiques.

* Les listes ne sont pas exhaustives