Good afternoon,

There are 798 citations in today’s scan. 393 were considered primary research or review literature.

Highlights today include:

CANADA

· Stieb, et al. investigate the relationship between ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and COVID-19 incidence in Canadian health regions. Data were analyzed using negative binomial regression models. We observed a positive association between COVID-19 incidence and long-term PM2.5 exposure in Canadian health regions. The association was larger in magnitude and statistically significant in more highly affected health regions and those with potentially less exposure measurement error.

PUBLIC HEALTH INTERVENTION

· Wang et al. NPIs that reduce daily contacts with infected and exposed cases and NPIs that decrease the probability of post-exposure infections are found to delay the timing of large-scale infections within a population, time for number of exposed and infected individuals to peak, and reduce the peak number of exposed cases. NPIs that reduce post exposure infections have more significant impact on infection transmission within a populations. NPI that improve the recovery rate of patients can effectively reduce the peak number of patients, decrease the slope of infected case curve, improve recovery rate, and lower mortality rate.

IPAC

· Hutasoit et al. tested the viridical activity of rapid copper coating on in-use steel parts. The test revealed that 96% of the virus was inactivated within 2-hrs, which was substantially shorter than the time required for stainless steel to inactivate the virus to the same level.  It was found that the copper-coated samples significantly reduces the lifetime of COVID-19 virus to less than 5-hrs. 

· Liu et al. present a thermodynamic model of experimental data on the inactivation of SARS-CoV-2. The model provides thermal decontamination guidelines for personal protective equipment. For instance, at 70 °C, a 3-log (99.9%) reduction in virus concentration, and effective decontamination can be performed in most home ovens without reducing the efficacy of typical N95 masks. 

· Ijaz  et al show the efficacy of a range of virucides to inactivate SARS-CoV-2 and other beta-coronaviruses on high touch surfaces through frequent surface hygiene as well as hand hygiene. Virucides included commercially available formulated microbicidal actives such as antiseptic liquids, disinfectant wipes, disinfectant liquids, disinfectant sprays, and sodium hypochlorite in addition to bar soap, antiseptic liquid, surface cleanser, hand sanitizing gels, liquid handwash, foaming handwash, and toilet bowl cleanser. Each of these formulated microbicidal actives resulted in complete inactivation (≥3 to ≥6 log10 reduction in infectious titer) of the challenge coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2.

TRANSMISSION

· Peng et al. We derive analytical expressions of CO2-based risk proxies and apply them to various typical indoor environments. Contrary to some earlier recommendations setting a single indoor CO2 threshold, we show that the CO2 level corresponding to a given infection risk varies by over 2 orders of magnitude for different environments and activities. Although large uncertainties, mainly from virus exhalation rates, are still associated with our infection risk estimates, our study provides more specific and practical recommendations for low-cost CO2-based indoor infection risk monitoring.

EPIDEMIOLOGY

· Tan et al report that the transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2 by asymptomatic carriers in Wuhan, China appeared to be weak. Only one patient (1/12) was found to have transmitted the virus to another person.

· Cai et al examine the effect of the Sturgis Motorcycle Rally on COVID-19 case growth in the United States. They found that counties with relatively more rally attendees experienced higher COVID-19 case growth in subsequent weeks. The baseline estimate suggests a 1pp increase in Sturgis attendance increased COVID-19 case growth by 11pp in the weeks after the rally. Stay-at-home behavior did not change in response to Sturgis exposure suggesting individuals were likely unaware of Sturgis attendees in their communities and therefore did not take precautions to reduce their risk of exposure following the rally.

· Wei et al. estimate COVID-19 attack rate at country level and explore the role of transportation in epidemic spread. National attack rates ranged from 0.6 to 9750.4 per million persons (median 8.8 per million). Countries intersected by railways, national highways, and airports had significantly higher risk of infection transmission (Adjusted OR). Infection transmission risk was also elevated among countries with lower temperature, moderate cumulative precipitation  

· Jesus et al Present a family cluster where the index case, a 2-year, 9-month old boy, presented with non-respiratory symptoms (bloody diarrhea), with no fever, no vomiting, but who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 via RT-qPCR of a respiratory specimen. The child’s source of infection was unknown but could have originated from any of the three family members with SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. The child’s father and sister had positive IgG test results, while the mother had positive IgM test results. One family member had a positive RT-qPCR assay result. As five of the six relatives were asymptomatic, it is possible that asymptomatic transmission had played a role in transmission.

CORONAVIROLOGY

· Liu et al, (preprint) used a variety of machine learning-based algorithms t-SNE to cluster the G20 countries’ new coronavirus gene sequences to explore the relationship between viruses in each country. They attempted to show the connection and mutation of viruses among countries through the phylogenetic tree. They found that the viruses of the G20 countries can be roughly divided into eight categories. The phylogenetic tree shows that each country’s genetic viruses have a common source and have their characteristics.

DIAGNOSTICS

· Porte et al. evaluated a novel rapid antigen detection test for SARS-CoV-2. The fluorescence immunochromatographic SARS-CoV-2 antigen test (Bioeasy Biotechnology Co., Shenzhen, China) was evaluated using a universal transport medium with nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs from suspected COVID-19 cases.  Diagnostic accuracy was determined in comparison to SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR. Overall sensitivity and specificity were 93.9%  and 100%, respectively, with a diagnostic accuracy of 96.1%.

THERAPEUTICS

· Purwati et al. conducted in vitro research to determine the potential therapeutic effect of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and natural killer cells (NK cells) against SARS-CoV-2 virus in Indonesia. The SARS-CoV-2 virus was planted in rat kidney cells and Vero cells. The results showed that the addition of HSCs and NK on cells infected by SARS-CoV-2 resulted in a decrease in viral load within 24 to 72 hours.

ANIMAL MODEL

· Pickering et al. Pigs undergoing experimental inoculation are susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 at low levels. Viral RNA was detected in group oral fluids and nasal wash from at least two animals while live virus was isolated from a pig. Further, antibodies could be detected in two animals at 11 and 13 days post infection, while oral fluid samples at 6 days post inoculation indicated the presence of secreted antibodies. These data highlight the need for additional livestock assessment to better determine the potential role domestic animals may contribute towards the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.

HEALTHCARE RESPONSE

· Lai, et al. Authors evaluated whether supplementary telehealth via video-conferencing platforms could bring additional benefits to care-recipient with neurocognitive disorder (NCD) and their spousal caregivers at home. Telemedicine by video conference was associated with improved resilience and wellbeing to both people with NCD and their caregivers at home.

Regards,

Lisa Waddell, Tricia Corrin, Rukshanda Ahmad, Robyn Odell, Maribeth Mitri, Julie Theriault, Dobrila Todoric, Alejandra Dubois, Christina Bancej, Austyn Baumeister, Anam Khan, Musaab Younis, Lien Mi Tien, Dima Ayache, Angela Sloan, Kaitlin Young, Chatura Prematunge, Ainsley Otten

Focus areas: Modelling/ prediction, Epidemiology, Transmission, Clinical data, Surveillance, Coronavirology, Diagnostics / Pathogen detection, Therapeutics, Vaccine Research, Public health interventions, Public Health response, Public Health Priorities, IPAC, Health care response, immunology, economics, animal model, zoonoses, Review Literature, Commentary/Editorial, news

Domaines cibles: Modélisation/prédiction, Épidémiologie, Transmission, Données cliniques, Surveillance, Coronavirologie, Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes, Thérapeutique, Recherche sur les vaccins, Interventions de santé publique, Priorités de santé publique, PCI, Réponse des soins de santé, immunologie, économie, modèle animal, zoonoses, Revue de littérature, Commentaire/Éditorial, journaux

PUBLICATIONS	AUTHORS / AUTEURS	SOURCE	FOCI / DOMAINE	SUMMARY / SOMMAIRE
32876019; The Challenge of COVID-19: The Biological Characteristics and Outcomes in a Series of 130 Breast Cancer Patients Operated on During the Pandemic	Abdalla,  AS,  Asaad, et al	Chirurgia (Bucharest, Romania : 1990)	Clinical data| Données cliniques Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This study analysed a cohort of 130 breast cancer patients who underwent elective surgical procedures during the early period of COVID-19 and discuss the impact of the pandemic on the service delivered to breast cancer patients. Most of the cases were admitted as a day case surgery after passing through a preoperative screening pathway. Patients were contacted by phone after their surgery to ensure that they have had no symptoms and were reviewed in person two weeks after the procedure with histology results. Only one patient developed COVID-19 symptoms after surgery and recovered.
Awareness of health professionals on covid-19 and factors affecting it before and during index case in North Shoa zone, Ethiopia, 2020	Abebe,  A,  Mekuria, et al	Infection and Drug Resistance	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This study assessed the level of awareness on clinical and epidemiological spectrum of COVID-19 and factors affecting it in the North Shoa zone, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia, 2020.  A total of 384 respondents with a response rate of 91% participated in this study. The proportion of participants with an awareness of COVID-19 was 305 (79.4%). The types of profession (AOR=6.9, 95% CI=1.6–29.8) and level of a profession (AOR=2.3, 95% CI=1.4–4.4) of the profession, availability of television at home (AOR=2.1, 95% CI=1.1, 3.9) and hearing of the emerging diseases in the past (AOR=2.7, 95% CI=1.5–5) were factors that determine the awareness of health professionals on COVID-19 clinical and epidemiological spectrum.
Burden and prevalence of risk factors for severe COVID-19 disease in the ageing European population – A SHARE-based analysis	Ahrenfeldt,  LJ,  N	Research Square prepub	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	This study  described the distribution of risk factors ( such as hypertension, chronic lung disease, cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, and obesity) across Europe.  Prevalence of risk factors for severe COVID-19 was identified based on interview for 73,274 Europeans aged 50+ participating in the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) in 2017. A total of 75.3% of the study population (corresponding to app. 60 million European men and 71 million women) had at least one risk factor for severe COVID-19, 45.9% (app. 36 million men and 43 million women) had at least two factors and 21.2% (app. 17 million men and 20 million women) had at least three risk factors. The prevalence of underlying medical conditions ranged from 4.5% for cancer to 41.4% for hypertension, and the region-specific prevalence of having at least three risk factors ranged from 18.9% in Northern Europe to 24.6% in Eastern Europe.
Pulmonary Embolism in COVID-19 Treated with VA-ECLS and Catheter tPA	Akoluk,  A,  Mazahir, et al	Clinical Medicine Insights: Circulatory, Respiratory and Pulmonary Medicine	Clinical data| Données cliniques	This article presents thecase of a patient with COVID-19 with massive pulmonary embolism treated successfully with systemic thrombolysis, VA-ECLS, and bail out catheter directed thrombolysis. He was discharged from the hospital after an eventful hospital course on therapeutic anticoagulation with warfarin.
A Cross-sectional Online Survey on Knowledge, Attitude, and Perception of COVID-19 among Ghanaians	Akuoko,  E,  A	Research Square prepub	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study examined knowledge, attitude, and perceptions of COVID-19 among Ghanaians. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using Google forms to recruit 503 participants over six weeks. We performed descriptive statistical analysis, and presented results in tables/charts. From the results, 66.4% of respondents depended on social media for COVID-19 related information, and 59.8% mostly heard/read about preventive measures in all COVID-19 information heard/read. Knowledge was adequate, but with noticeable gaps. Attitude was generally positive, with 84.1% willing to accept reintegration of treated COVID-19 patients. Perceptions were healthy, with only 3.8% perceiving insusceptibility. We conclude that these findings contribute significantly to the literature on COVID-19 in Ghana. We recommend the continuous use of social media by the Government of Ghana and relevant stakeholders for COVID-19 communications, and further research in the general population for evidence based COVID-19 prevention interventions in Ghana.
Epidemiological modeling of COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia: Spread projection, awareness, and impact of treatment	Alharbi,  Y,  Alqahtani, et al	Applied Sciences (Switzerland)	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	This study aimed to predict the prevalence of COVID-19 and to investigate the effect of awareness and the impact of treatment in Saudi Arabia.  The spread of COVID-19 was predicted using four different epidemiological models, namely the susceptible-infectious-recovered (SIR), generalized logistic, Richards, and Gompertz models. Based on the statistical indices, the SIR model showed a good fit to reported data compared with the other models (RMSE = 2790.69, R2 = 99.88%, Radj2 = 99.98%, and AIC = 1796.05). The SIR model predicted that the cumulative number of infected cases would reach 359,794 and that the pandemic would end by early September 2020. Additionally, the modified version of the SIR model with social distancing revealed that there would be a reduction in the final cumulative epidemic size by 9.1% and 168.2% if social distancing were applied over the short and long term, respectively.
32874039; Effect of 2019 Coronavirus Pandemic on Ophthalmologists Practicing in Saudi Arabia: A Psychological Health Assessment	Almater,  AI,  Tobaigy, et al	Middle East African journal of ophthalmology	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This study assessed the psychological impact and mental health outcomes including depression, anxiety, and insomnia during COVID-19 crisis among ophthalmologists. About half of the physicians exhibited symptoms of depression (n = 56, 50.5%), anxiety (n = 50, 46.7%), and insomnia (n = 48, 44.9%). Symptoms of stress ranged between low (28%), moderate (68.2%), and high (3.7%). Depression was found to be more common among female ophthalmologists (P = 0.06), those living with an elderly (P = 0.003), and fellows (P = 0.006). Female ophthalmologists suffering from anxiety were significantly more than male ophthalmologists (P = 0.046).
Knowledge and awareness level of syrian dentists towards novel coronavirus pandemic: Cross-sectional study	Al-Nerabiah,  Z,  Alkhouli, et al	Journal of Oral Research	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This study assessed the awareness and attitude of dentists towards COVID-19 in Syria. 7233 dentists responded to the questionnaire; 64% of the participants were females. The majority of the respondents has knowledge about COVID-19 and was aware it is contagious. Over half of the Syrian dentists received their information about COVID-19 from social media platforms (55%). Even though the majority of the dentists were aware that the incubation period could last up to 14 days, nearly half of the participants were not aware that symptomless patients can spread the virus (49%).
Vicissitudes in cellular immune related to anti-tnf-alpha therapy, and some clinical investigation induces by infliximab in covid 19 patients	Alsalih,  M,  Roomi, et al	International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research	Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	This study assessed the impacts of treatment with the utilization of Infliximab as inhibitor and anti-TNF-α on respiratory tracts, insusceptible cellular, and experimental attributes of patients.  Seventeen patients with CoV-2 SARS were assessed from conventional treatment with purification bronchial test, spirometer, and CT scan can rapidly to checks initiate infliximab usage.  Treatment infliximab inhibitor of cytokines storm, especially activity TNF-α, was very much endured without antagonistic techniques, aside from one patient who set up a possibly unsafe occasion with liver poisonousness. Thirteen patients were named respondents, TNF-α focus kicked with high lists, diminished CD4/CD8 proportion deviation, decline CD4+ T cells interconnecting the CD38, CD69, and CD147 initiation markers, and the quantity of monocytes, ESR, neutrophil, lymphocytes, and platelets (p ≤0.05 for each parameter). The extent of T administrative cells (T-regs), characterized by FoxP3 with CD4+/CD+8 T-cells, diminished in near responders.
Views and experiences of dermatologists in Turkey about teledermatology during the COVID-19 pandemic	Altunisik,  N,  Turkmen, et al	Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This study evaluated dermatologists view and experience in using teledermatology during the pandemic through surveys. The number of patients evaluated with teledermatology methods was found to be significantly higher in the pandemic period when compared with the prepandemic period. The rates of using video calls with mobile phone and online video calls were found to be significantly higher in the pandemic period when compared with the prepandemic period.
Immunoinformatic investigation of three structural protein genes in Indonesian SARS-CoV-2 isolates	Ansori,  ANM,  Kusala, et al	Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	This study characterized the nucleocapsid phosphoprotein (N), membrane protein (M), and envelope protein (E) genes of Indonesian isolates to investigate genetic composition, predict B-cell epitopes, and construct a molecular phylogenetic tree.  Retrieved the sequences of 16 Indonesian isolates from the GISAID EpiCoV and the Wuhan-Hu-1 isolate (reference sequence) from GenBank, NCBI. Reports the genetic composition of three structural protein genes in Indonesian SARS-CoV-2 isolates. Furthermore, identified the peptide RRGPEQTQGNFGDQELIRQGTDYK from nucleocapsid phosphoprotein to generate a peptide-based vaccine contrary to SARS-CoV-2.
The role of Covid-19 for Chinese stock returns: evidence from a GARCHX model	Apergis,  N,  Apergis, et al	Asia-Pacific Journal of Accounting and Economics	Economics | Économie	This paper examines the effect of Covid-19 pandemic on the Chinese stock market returns and their volatility using the generalized autoregressive conditionally heteroskedastic GARCHX model. The GARCHX model allows us to include Covid-19 information within the GARCH framework. The findings document that daily increases in total confirmed Covid-19 cases in China, measured as total daily deaths and cases, have a significant negative impact on stock returns, with the negative impact of the Covid-19 on stock returns being more pronounced when total deaths proxy the effect of this infectious disease. The results also document that Covid-19 has a positive and statistically significant effect on the volatility of these market returns. Overall, new evidence is offered that infectious diseases, such as Covid-19, can seriously impact market returns, as well as their volatility. The findings could be essential in understanding the implications of Covid-19 for the stock market in China. © 2020 City University of Hong Kong and National Taiwan University.
Distance learning policy in Indonesia for facing pandemic COVID-19: School reaction and lesson plans	Arlinwibowo,  J,  Retnawati, et al	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study aims to know the response of schools related to the COVID-19 emergency policy and preparation of learning conducted by teachers. The informants of this study were 49 high school teachers. The schools quickly adhered to government policies to implement distance learning. However, the follow-up at each school varied greatly. Each school interpreted the government circular and adapted it to the situation of the school. Second, the teacher modified the existing learning design by considering local conditions and students' needs. Modifications to the design of learning were very varied because the needs of students and the character of the material were very versatile. The most difficult challenge was producing learning media and making fair assessment plans. The teachers were obstacles in making media because of the limited ability of IT and difficulty planning the assessment because they feel unable to see student activities carefully.
Smart contract and blockchain for crowdfunding platform	Ashari,  F,  Catonsukmoro, et al	International Journal of Advanced Trends in Computer Science and Engineering	Economics | Économie	In the situation of the Covid-19 plague, many organizations are raising funds to help local governments to obtain additional sources of funds that will be distributed to those in need. Trust is an important factor for the parties involved in raising these funds, both in terms of the funder, the service provider of fundraising platform and even the fundraiser. On this occasion, the author tries to analyze how to implement blockchain technology and smart contracts in the dominant schemes of crowdfunding process. the results of this study indicate that blockchain-based smart contracts can be applied to the dominant schemes of crowdfunding process. © 2020, World Academy of Research in Science and Engineering. All rights reserved.
Single-Cell RNA-seq Identifies Cell Subsets in Human Placenta That Highly Expresses Factors Driving Pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2	Ashary,  N,  Bhide, et al	Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology	Clinical data| Données cliniques Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	This study aimed to predict if the placenta is permissive to SARS-CoV-2, utilized publicly available single-cell RNA-seq data to identify if the placental cells express the necessary factors required for infection. This study carried out a systematic review and identified that in 12% of pregnant women with COVID-19, the placenta was infected with SARS-CoV-2, and the virus was detected in syncytiotrophoblasts (STB). To conclude, this study uncovered the cellular targets for SARS-CoV-2 entry and have shown that these cells can potentially drive viremia in the developing human placenta.
Investigation of healthcare workers attitudes and practices towards the COVID-19 pandemic	Atas,  O,  Yildirim, et al	Acta Medica Mediterranea	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This study evaluated the behaviors and attitudes of healthcare workers toward COVID-19.  A great majority of the participants (91.8%) stated that they were afraid of being infected with the COVID-19 virus. There was no significant difference by gender, but the difference between having a child (95.4%) and not having a child (87.6%) was statistically significant (p=0.042). 54.3% of the participants answered yes to the question of whether they quarantined themselves, and this was found to be significantly higher in those who had children (42.4%) than those who did not (33.3%)(p=0.001). The precautions worn by healthcare workers while working were as follows: masks (89.3%), gloves (80.1%), N95/FFP2 masks (17.4%), face protective shields (39.1%), glasses (28.5%), and bonnets (33.1%). Sources of information for health workers about COVID-19 included the websites or social media accounts of professional organizations such as the Ministry of Health, the Association of Dentists, and the World Health Organization (82.2%); published scientific articles (47.3%); and social media accounts like Instagram and Twitter (48%).
Lifting the COVID-19 lockdown: Different scenarios for France	Augeraud-Véron,  E	Mathematical Modelling of Natural Phenomena	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	A mathematical model has been developed to study the spread of the COVID-19 epidemic in France. To calibrate the model, data from the French Public Health Agency were examined. The spread of the epidemic greatly depends on lockdown measures (referred to in France as 'confinement'). The aim of this paper is to predict the expected evolution of the epidemic based on the various possible scenarios for ending the lockdown. The spread of the disease, and its re-emergence, will be determined by these scenarios. © The authors. Published by EDP Sciences, 2020.
COVID-19 in lung transplant recipients: A single center case series from New York City	Aversa,  M,  Benvenuto, et al	American Journal of Transplantation	Clinical data| Données cliniques	This study describes COVID-19 presentation in lung transplant recipients. This retrospective case series study followed up lung transplant patients who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 between March 19 and May 19, 2020. Thirty-two lung transplant patients developed mild (16%), moderate (44%), or severe (41%) COVID-19. The median age of patients was 65 years, and the median time from lung transplant was 5.6 years. Symptoms included cough (66%), dyspnea (50%), fever (47%), and gastrointestinal upset (44%). Patients received hydroxychloroquine (84%), azithromycin (75%), augmented steroids (44%), tocilizumab (19%), and remdesivir (9%). Eleven patients (34%) died at a median time of 14 days from admission. Compared to patients with moderate COVID-19, patients with severe COVID-19 had higher peak white blood cell counts (15.8 vs 7 × 103/uL, P =.019), C-reactive protein (198 vs. 107 mg/L, P =.010) and D-dimer (8.6 vs. 2.1 ug/mL, P =.004) levels, and lower nadir lymphocyte counts (0.09 vs. 0.4 × 103/uL, P =.006). COVID-19 is associated with severe illness and a high mortality rate in lung transplant recipients.
Metagenomic sequencing to detect respiratory viruses in persons under investigation for COVID-19	Babiker,  Ahmed,  Bradley, et al	medRxiv	Clinical data| Données cliniques Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	This study used metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) to assess the frequencies of alternative viral infections in SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR negative persons under investigations (PUIs) (n=30) and viral co-infections in SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR positive PUIs (n=45). mNGS identified both co-infections and alternative viral infections that were not detected by routine clinical workup.
Acute aortic thrombosis in COVID-19	Baeza,  C,  González, et al	Journal of Vascular Surgery Cases and Innovative Techniques	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Acute aortic occlusion is an infrequent disease but with significant mortality. The new pandemic of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) represents a great challenge for health systems. This contagious disease is generating high infection and mortality rates in several countries. It is speculated that the inflammatory process accompanying the infection is triggered by massive macrophage activation and is associated with the development of coagulopathy. We present three cases of COVID-19 patients, treated in our hospital during a period of 2 weeks, who presented with an acute thrombosis of the infrarenal abdominal aorta. © 2020 The Authors
Variation of COVID-19-Related Deaths across States in India: A Regression Analysis	Bandyopadhyay,  T	SSRN- Lancet prepublication	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	Latitude (LAT), Population Density (POPD) and Number of public hospital beds (PBHBDPM) and private hospital beds (PVTHBDPM) per 1 Million people are used to explain the variation in COVID-19-related deaths per Million of population (DPM) of the states and union territories of India, as of August 19, 2020. The Regression results show that LAT is negatively related to DPM in a significant manner indicating that the higher the latitude (the cooler the place) the less is the death rate. The population density is positively related to death rate, i.e. the greater the density of the population (POPD) the more is the death per million people (DPM). The Number of Public hospital beds per Million of population (PBHBDPM) is negatively related to the death rate (DPM) in a statistically significant manner indicating that the more the availability of public hospital beds the less is the death rate. The number of Private Hospital beds per Million of Population (PVTHBDPM), however, does not show any significant statistical relationship with death rate (DPM). This shows that having more public hospitals is more effective than having private hospital beds in reducing the COVID-19-related death rate. This differential role of the Public versus Private Hospital beds needs to be further investigated.
Use of a simplified sample processing step without RNA extraction for direct SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR detection	Barza,  R,  Patel, et al	Journal of Clinical Virology	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	The goal of this study was to determine if a simplified heat-RNA release method would provide comparable detection of SARS-CoV-2 without the need for nucleic acid extraction. RT-PCR results using the ChromaCode HDPCR™ SARS-CoV-2 were compared using the heat-RNA release method and an automated RNA extraction system (EMAG). The heat-RNA release method correctly identified 94 % (81/86 nasopharyngeal samples) that were positive for SARS-CoV-2. Five samples that were missed by heat-RNA release method had a mean Ct value: 35 using the automated extraction instrument, indicating a very low viral load.
Covid-19 and Crisis-Promted Distance Education in Sweden	Bergdahl,  N,  Nouri, et al	Technology, Knowledge and Learning	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study represents the first research effort to explore the transition from traditional teaching into distance teaching in Swedish schools enforced by covid-19. Results show that the school preparedness was mainly related to technical aspects, and that teachers lack pedagogical strategies needed in the emerging learning landscape of distance education. Findings reveal four distinct pedagogical activities central for distance education in a crisis, and many challenges faced during the transition. While preparedness to ensure continuity of education was halting, schools and teachers worked with tremendous effort to overcome the challenges.
Effectiveness of the early response to COVID-19: Data analysis and modelling	Bertone,  E,  Juncal, et al	Systems	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	In this study, data were collected from numerous online sources, pre-processed and analysed, and a number of Bayesian Network models were developed, in an attempt to unpack measures such as the community response to restrictions, the amount of testing conducted, and the interconnections between them. Results show that early, high-volume testing was the most crucial factor in successfully monitoring and controlling the outbreaks; when testing was low, early government and community responses were found to be both critical in predicting how rapidly cases and deaths grew in the first weeks of the outbreak. Results also highlight that in countries with low early test numbers, the undiagnosed cases could have been up to five times higher than the officially diagnosed cases.
Impact of glycemic control in diabetes mellitus on management of COVID-19 infection	Bhandari,  S,  Rankawat, et al	International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries	Clinical data| Données cliniques	The study evaluated the difference between uncontrolled and controlled diabetes for COVID-19 manifestations by enrolling 80 admitted COVID-19 patients. concluded that COVID-19 patients with uncontrolled diabetes exhibited a severe symptomatic presentation, excessive uncontrolled inflammatory responses, and hypercoagulable state.
Tailoring surface wettability to reduce chances of infection of COVID-19 by a respiratory droplet and to improve the effectiveness of personal protection equipment	Bhardwaj,  R,  Agrawal, et al	Physics of Fluids	Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI)	This study analyzed the drying time of droplets ejected from a COVID-19 infected subject on surfaces of personal protection equipment (PPE), such as a face mask, of different wettabilities. And report the ratio of drying time of the droplet on an ideal superhydrophobic surface (contact angle, θ → 180°) to an ideal hydrophilic surface (θ → 0°) and the ratio of the maximum to minimum drying time of the droplet on the surfaces with different contact angles. The drying time is found to be maximum if θ = 148°, while the aforementioned ratios are 4.6 and 4.8, respectively. These ratios are independent of the droplet initial volume, ambient temperature, relative humidity, and thermophysical properties of the droplet and water vapor.
Adherence to COVID-19 pandemic prescribed recommendations, source of information and lockdown psychological impact of Nigeria social media users	Bolarinwa,  Obasanjo Afolabi,  Olagunju, et al	medRxiv	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The present study was aimed at assessing compliance to prescribe preventive recommendations, the psychological effect of lockdown, and the source of information among Nigeria social media users. This research implemented an online cross-sectional survey using an unidentified online Google based questionnaire to elicit required information from potential respondents via social media channels such as WhatsApp, Twitter, Instagram, Telegram and Facebook. Age and respondent's scientific or non-scientific backgrounds were the socio-demographic variables associated with respondents having psychological challenges as P0.05. Also, most (63.4%) of the respondents were stressed by the feelings associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, as the expected majority (80.1%) sources information about the epidemics through social media platforms.
Quantifying proximity, confinement, and interventions in disease outbreaks: a decision support framework for air-transported pathogens	Bond,  TamiC,  Bosco-Lauth, et al	medRxiv	Transmission Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI)	The inability to communicate how infectious diseases are transmitted in human environments has triggered avoidance of interactions during the COVID-19 pandemic. We define a metric, Effective ReBreathed Volume (ERBV), that encapsulates how infectious pathogens transport in air. This measure distinguishes environmental transport from other factors in the chain of infection, thus allowing quantitative comparisons of the riskiness of different situations for any pathogens transported in air, including SARS-CoV-2. Particle size is a key factor in transport, removal onto surfaces, and elimination by mitigation measures, so ERBV is presented for a range of exhaled particle diameters: 1 μm, 10 μm, and 100 μm. Pathogen transport is enhanced by two separate but interacting effects: proximity and confinement. Confinement in enclosed spaces overwhelms proximity after 10-15 minutes for all but the largest particles. Therefore, we review plausible strategies to reduce the confinement effect. Changes in standard ventilation and filtration can reduce person-to-person transport of 1-μm particles (ERBV1) by 13-85% in residential and commercial situations. Deposition to surfaces competes with intentional removal for 10-μm and 100-μm particles, so the same interventions reduce ERBV10 by only 3-50%, and ERBV100 is unaffected.
32827588; Clinical characteristics and outcome of COVID-19 pneumonia in elderly subjects	Bongiovanni,  M,  De Lauretis, et al	Journal of Infection	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	In our cohort we included elderly subjects ( ≥80 years old) hospitalized for COVID-19 pneumonia at two North-Italy district hospitals from March 9th to April 30th 2020. We included in this analysis 118 consecutive patients; data on clinical and de- mographic characteristics, blood test results and COVID-19-related treatments were collected. Survival status and clinical data were compared with a control group of COVID-19 patients aged < 70 years ( n = 109). Survival analysis was done using a multilevel mixed-effects parametric survival model. To our knowledge, this is the first report that evaluated the out- come of COVID-19 pneumonia in subjects ≥80 years old. In this subset, we observed a high mortality rate especially in the very first days after hospitalization, probably due to a more rapid dis- ease progression.
Early Experiences with COVID-19 Testing in Transplantation	Boyarsky,  BJ,  Massie, et al	Transplantation Direct	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	We studied severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 diagnostic test results among patients with end-stage renal disease or kidney transplants from the Johns Hopkins Health System (n = 235), and screening test results from deceased donors from the Southwest Transplant Alliance Organ Procurement Organization (n = 27), and donors, candidates, and HCWs from the National Kidney Registry and Viracor-Eurofins (n = 253) between February 23 and April 15, 2020.  We found low rates of COVID-19 among donors and HCWs (0%-1%) who were screened, higher rates of diagnostic tests among patients with end-stage renal disease or kidney transplant (17%-20%), and considerable mortality (7%-13%) among those who tested positive.
The first experience with Angiovit in the combination treatment of acute COVID-19 infection	Boyko,  AN,  Shamalov, et al	Nevrologiya, Neiropsikhiatriya, Psikhosomatika	Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	Article in Russian. This study aimed to assess the results of a pilot analysis of the efficiency of using Angiovit in the combination treatment of acute COVID-19 with pneumonia or acute respiratory viral infection. The study enrolled 50 patients with acute COVID-19. Angiovit was used in 25 patients (13 (52%) women) (mean age, 39.4 years) with moderate infection who had been admitted on an average of disease day 3 (a study group). A comparison group consisted of 25 patients whose gender, age, and clinical features of COVID-19 did not differ at the time of admission; they were prescribed only mainstay therapy. Adding Angiovit to the mainstay therapy contributed to an average reduction in the fever period from 5.88 to 4.12 days (p<0.05) and to the earlier hospital discharge of patients with an improvement (on day 13 versus on day 16.8 days in the comparison group; p<0.05); Normalization of CRP, D-dimer, and homocysteine levels occurred considerably and faster.
The Strengths of Scanning Electron Microscopy in Deciphering SARS-CoV-2 Infectious Cycle	Brahim Belhaouari,  D,  Fontanini, et al	Frontiers in Microbiology	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	In the present study, we used scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to study the infectious cycle of SARS-CoV-2 in Vero E6 cells and we controlled some key findings by classical transmission electronic microscopy (TEM). The replication cycle of the virus was followed from 1 to 36 h post-infection. Our results revealed that SARS-CoV-2 infected the cells through membrane fusion. Particles are formed in the peri-nuclear region from a budding of the endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi apparatus complex into morphogenesis matrix vesicae. New SARS-CoV-2 particles were expelled from the cells, through cell lysis or by fusion of virus containing vacuoles with the cell plasma membrane. Overall, this cycle is highly comparable to that of SARS-CoV. By providing a detailed and complete SARS-CoV-2 infectious cycle, SEM proves to be a very rapid and efficient tool compared to classical TEM.
32859394; Stress and parenting during the global COVID-19 pandemic	Brown,  SM,  Doom, et al	Child Abuse and Neglect	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study examined the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic in relation to parental perceived stress and child abuse potential. Participants included parents (N = 183) with a child under the age of 18 years in the western United States. Greater COVID-19 related stressors and high anxiety and depressive symptoms are associated with higher parental perceived stress. Receipt of financial assistance and high anxiety and depressive symptoms are associated with higher child abuse potential. Conversely, greater parental support and perceived control during the pandemic are associated with lower perceived stress and child abuse potential. Results also indicate racial and ethnic differences in COVID-19 related stressors, but not in mental health risk, protective factors, perceived stress, or child abuse potential.
The 2020 Sturgis Motorcycle Rally and COVID-19	Cai,  Y,  G	ArXiv	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	The Sturgis Motorcycle Rally that took place from August 7-16 was one of the largest public gatherings since the start of the COVID-19 outbreak. Over 460,000 visitors from across the United States travelled to Sturgis, South Dakota to attend the ten day event. Using anonymous cell phone tracking data we identify the home counties of visitors to the rally and examine the impact of the rally on the spread of COVID-19. Our baseline estimate suggests a one standard deviation increase in Sturgis attendance increased COVID-19 case growth by 1.1pp in the weeks after the rally.
Life under lockdown: Illustrating tradeoffs in South Africa's response to COVID-19	Carlitz,  RD,  Makhura, et al	World Development	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	This research note sheds light on the first three months of the COVID-19 outbreak in South Africa, where the virus has spread faster than anywhere else in the region. We consider the impact of this response on different segments of the population, looking at changes in mobility by province to highlight variation in the willingness and ability of different subsets of the population to comply with lockdown orders. Using anonymized mobile phone data, we show that South Africans in all provinces reduced their mobility substantially in response to the government's lockdown orders. Statistical regression analysis shows that such mobility reductions are significantly and negatively associated with COVID-19 growth rates two weeks later.
JAG/BSG national survey of UK endoscopy services: Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and early restoration of endoscopy services	Catlow,  J,  Beaton, et al	Frontline Gastroenterology	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	We surveyed UK endoscopy clinical leads to gain insights into service restoration. 97 endoscopy leads completed the survey, with all UK nations and regions represented. Analysis showed 20% of endoscopy services were not providing endoscopy. Workload limitations were due to enforced interprocedural downtime (92%; with some services enforcing >1-hour downtime between procedures), social distancing (88%) and working in personal protective equipment (PPE) (87%). 91% of services reported a referral backlog (urgent median 2 months, routine median 6 months). 96% of services reported no current problems accessing PPE. Level 1/2 PPE use in colonoscopy was not uniform. 63% of services routinely swab patients for COVID-19 before endoscopy, 88% of services do not routinely swab asymptomatic staff. Comments addressed reducing endoscopy demand through vetting and changing referral criteria, the mostly commonly cited strategy being increased faecal immunochemical testing in symptomatic patients (70% of services).
What the COVID-19 lockdown revealed about photochemistry and ozone production in Quito, Ecuador	Cazorla,  M,  Herrera, et al	Atmospheric Pollution Research	Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	In this work we use a chemical box model in order to estimate regimes of ozone production before and after the lockdown. We constrain the model with observations in Quito (ozone, NOx, CO, and meteorology) and with estimations of traffic-associated VOCs that are tightly linked to CO. To this end, we use the closest observational data of VOC/CO ratios at an urban area that shares with Quito conditions of high altitude and is located in the tropics, namely Mexico City. A shift in the chemical regime after mobility restrictions was evaluated in light of the magnitude of radical losses to nitric acid and to hydrogen peroxide. With reduced NOx in the morning rush hour (lockdown conditions), ozone production rates at 08:30–10:30 increased from 4.2–17 to 9.7–23 ppbv h−1, respectively. To test further the observed shift in chemical regime, ozone production was recalculated with post-lockdown NOx levels, but setting VOCs to pre-lockdown conditions. This change tripled ozone production rates in the mid-morning and stayed higher throughout the day.
32702427; Trends in Pediatric Emergency Department Utilization after Institution of Coronavirus Disease-19 Mandatory Social Distancing	Chaiyachati,  BH,  Agawu, et al	Journal of Pediatrics	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	We conducted a descriptive time-series study of pediatric emergency healthcare use during the onset of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 pandemic after a state-wide stay-at-home order. Our study demonstrated decreased volume, increased acuity, and generally consistent chief complaints compared with the prior 3 years (2017 through 2019). Ingestions became a significantly more common chief complaint in 2020. © 2020 Elsevier Inc.
On the Effectiveness of a “Tractor Mounted Road Sanitizing Unit” Designed to Combat COVID-19 Spread	Chatterjee,  D,  Dutta, et al	Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India): Series C	Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI)	A novel outdoor disinfection system is designed for effective sanitization of long stretches of highways, market places, shopping malls, etc., where there are large traffic and high chances of spreading of the virus. The disinfection system utilizes available tractor powered road tankers of municipal houses, and it has specific features for maximum sanitization coverage. This is achieved through a distributed spraying nozzle mounted around the tank along with two extendable hand sprayers with flexible hoses. The effectiveness of the spray system is studied using an image processing technique. The spray cloud is illuminated by a double-pulsed Nd:YAG laser, and the images are captured using a Nikon D3300 DSLR camera. The average droplet size of the spray coming out from the nozzle is measured, and finally, the area of influence of the spray is obtained from a statistical analysis.
Mechanism of Jingfang Granule in treatment of coronavirus infection by biological information technology	Chen,  WL,  Zhang, et al	Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	This study aimed to explore the mechanism of Jingfang Granule in treatment of corona virus infection through biological information technology based on network pharmacology and molecular docking. Totally 139 active components of Jingfang Granule and 27 common targets were obtained. GO enrichment analysis and KEGG enrichment analysis found that the pathways in cancer, MAPK signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway were the main pathways of Jingfang Granule in treatment of corona virus infection. The network of "TCM-Ingredients-Common targets" was successfully constructed, and results of molecular docking showed that the main components in this network such as β-sitosterol, cerevisterol, isorhamnetin, hesperetin, and luteolin etc., have good affinity with key targets of VEGFA, IL6, TNF, PPARγ, APP, ACE2, and SARS-CoV-2 3CL hydrolase.
32879097; Establishment of a system for control of cross-infection and workflow in endoscopy center during the pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019	Chen,  Y,  Shu, et al	Zhong nan da xue xue bao.Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University.Medical sciences	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	Article in Chinese. This study aimed to establish a system for control of cross-infection and workflow for preventing SARS-CoV-2 spread and ensuring the safety of medical staffs and patients in endoscopy center during the pandemic of the COVID-19. The prevention system of cross-infection and workflow in endoscopy during the pandemic of the COVID-19 were developed. The optimized workflow in endoscopy was conducted in 106 patients with necessary endoscopy from the Department of Gastroenterology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University between January 24, 2020 and February 26, 2020, and no case of cross-infection was presented among the medical staffs, patients and family members.
Are pangolins scapegoats of the COVID-19 outbreak-CoV transmission and pathology evidence?	Choo,  SW,  Zhou, et al	Conservation Letters	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie zoonoses	The origin of COVID-19 remains unknown, although pangolins have been suggested as potential hosts. We investigated two pangolins seized in Guangdong Province, China. Molecular screening revealed CoV in one pangolin (“Dahu”), while another (“Meidong”) was infected by Ehrlichia ruminantium. Dahu exhibited difficulty breathing, infections of lung, intestines, and nostrils, as revealed by computed tomography imaging and necropsy. Previous phylogenetic analyses showed bat coronavirus RaTG13 is closer to COVID-19 CoV compared to pangolin coronavirus. Over 20 caregivers have had close physical contact with CoV-positive Dahu, but none became infected with CoV. Our data suggest that pangolins are unlikely the natural reservoir or secondary hosts of COVID-19 CoV. Pangolins seems to be victims infected by CoV carried by a not yet unidentified natural reservoir host species, perhaps due to their weakened immune system.
32880278; Changes in surgical practice in 85 South African hospitals during COVID-19 hard lockdown	Chu,  KM,  Smith, et al	South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This study aimed to report changes in South Africa (SA) hospital surgical practices in response to COVID-19 preparedness. In this cross-sectional study, surgeons working in SA hospitals were recruited through surgical professional associations via an online survey. A total of 133 surgeons from 85 hospitals representing public and private hospitals nationwide responded. In 59 hospitals (69.4%), surgeons were involved in the decision to de-escalate surgical care. Access was cancelled or reduced for non-cancer elective (n=84; 99.0%), cancer (n=24; 28.1%) and emergency operations (n=46; 54.1%), and 26 hospitals (30.6%) repurposed at least one operating room as a ventilated critical care bed. Routine postoperative visits were cancelled in 33 hospitals (36.5%) and conducted by telephone or video in 15 (16.6%), 74 hospitals (87.1%) cancelled or reduced new outpatient visits, 64 (75.3%) reallocated some surgical inpatient beds to COVID-19 cases, and 29 (34.1%) deployed some surgical staff (including trainees) to other hospital services such as COVID-19 testing, medical/COVID-19 wards, the emergency department and the intensive care unit.
Mediating Effects of Parental Stress on Harsh Parenting and Parent-Child Relationship during Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic in Singapore	Chung,  G,  Lanier, et al	Journal of Family Violence	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	Based on the Parental Stress Model, this study aims to understand how parents’ perceived impact of COVID-19 increased harsh parenting and reduced parent-child relationship closeness through the mediating effects of parenting stress. We collected data from 258 parents living in Singapore using online surveys disseminated through Facebook and community organizations. Our results indicated that parenting stress was a significant mediator in the relationship between the perceived impact of COVID-19 and (a) parent-child closeness (indirect effect = −.30, Bootstrap 99% CI−.59, −.11]) and (b) harsh parenting (indirect effect =.58, Bootstrap 99% CI.25,.94]). The impact of COVID-19 and stay-home orders can increase parenting stress. This, in turn, has a negative impact on parenting by affecting parents’ relationship with their children and increasing the use of harsh parenting. Given that these are risk factors for potential child abuse, supporting parents and mitigating the impact of COVID-19 are important.
Late Reactivation of SARS-CoV-2: A Case Report	Coppola,  A,  Annunziata, et al	Frontiers in Medicine	Clinical data| Données cliniques	We report a case of a patient with PCR-confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia who experienced reactivation after 43 days and negative PCR sampling.
Checking individuals and sampling populations with imperfect tests	D'Agostini,  G,  Esposito, et al	ArXiv	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	There has been strong interest in estimating the proportion of a population expected to hold a given characteristics (`having or having had the virus'). Taking the cue from the many related discussions on the media, in addition to those to which we took part, we analyze these questions from a probabilistic perspective (`Bayesian'), considering several effects that play a role in evaluating the probabilities of interest. The resulting paper, written with didactic intent, is rather general and not strictly related to pandemics: the basic ideas of Bayesian inference are introduced and the uncertainties on the performances of the tests are treated using the metrological concepts of `systematics', and are propagated into the quantities of interest following the rules of probability theory; the separation of `statistical' and `systematic' contributions to the uncertainty on the inferred proportion of infectees allows to optimize the sample size; the role of `priors', often overlooked, is stressed, however recommending the use of `flat priors', since the resulting posterior distribution can be `reshaped' by an `informative prior' in a later step; details on the calculations are given, also deriving useful approximated formulae, the tough work being however done with the help of direct Monte Carlo simulations and Markov Chain Monte Carlo, implemented in R and JAGS (relevant code provided in appendix).
The Spread of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Among the Medical Oncology Staff of ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia: Efficacy of Preventive Measures	Dalla Volta,  A,  Valcamonico, et al	Frontiers in Oncology	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	The aim of this study was to demonstrate whether the recommended preventive measures, promptly implemented by the unit, have been effective in reducing the spread of the virus among the healthcare professionals (HCPs). Between February 24 and May 19, 2020, SARS-CoV-2 infection was detected in 10 out of 76 healthy HCPs (13%). Six of them developed a symptomatic disease, leading to home quarantine, and four remained asymptomatic. The infection was revealed when a serology test was performed on all staff members of the unit. In seven HCPs, in which it was possible to trace the person-to-person infection, the contagion occurred as a result of unprotected contacts or partially protected with surgical masks. In particular, four asymptomatic HCPs did not stop working, but a widespread outbreak in the unit was avoided. Adherence to the recommended preventive strategies, in particular, wearing of surgical masks by both the HCPs and the patients, is effective in reducing and preventing the viral spread.
Face-Saving Strategies Increase Self-Reported Non-Compliance with COVID-19 Preventive Measures: Experimental Evidence from 12 Countries	Daoust,  Jean-François,  Belanger, et al	SSRN- Lancet prepublication	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	In this research, we examine whether the results of a face-saving-strategy that was recently proposed by Daoust et al. (2020) to loosen this constraint are generalizable across twelve countries, and whether the treatment effect varies across subgroups. Our findings show that the face-saving strategy is a very useful tool in every country included, increasing respondents’ proclivity to report non- compliance by 9 to 16 percentage points. This effect holds for different subgroups based on gender, age and education. We conclude that the inclusion of this strategy should be the new standard for survey research that aims to provide crucial data on the current pandemic.
Simulation of pooled-sample analysis strategies for covid-19 mass testing	Deckert,  A,  Bärnighausen, et al	Bulletin of the World Health Organization	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	This study aimed to evaluate two pooled-sample analysis strategies (a routine high-throughput approach and a novel context-sensitive approach) for mass testing during the COVID-19 pandemic, with an emphasis on the number of tests required to screen a population. Both pooled-sample strategies would save substantial resources compared to individual analysis during surge testing and enhanced epidemic surveillance. The context-sensitive approach offers the greatest savings: for instance, 58–89% fewer tests would be required for a pooled group size of 3 to 25 samples in a population of 150 000 with an infection prevalence of 1% or 5%. Correspondingly, the routine high-throughput strategy would require 24–80% fewer tests than individual testing.
Molecular basis for SARS-CoV-2 spike affinity for human ACE2 receptor	Delgado,  JulianM,  Duro, et al	bioRxiv	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	To gain insight, we use all-atom molecular dynamics simulations. Free energy calculations indicate that CoV-2's higher affinity is due primarily to differences in specific spike residues that are local to the spike-ACE2 interface, although there are allosteric effects in binding. Comparative analysis of equilibrium simulations reveals that while both CoV and CoV-2 spike-ACE2 complexes have similar interfacial topologies, CoV-2's spike protein engages in greater numbers, combinatorics and probabilities of hydrogen bonds and salt bridges with ACE2. We attribute CoV-2's higher affinity to these differences in polar contacts, and these findings also highlight the importance of thermal structural fluctuations in spike-ACE2 complexation. We anticipate that these findings will also inform the design of spike-ACE2 peptide blockers that, like in the cases of HIV and Influenza, can serve as antivirals.
Impacts of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on healthcare workers: A nationwide survey of United States radiologists	Demirjian,  NL,  Fields, et al	Clinical imaging	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	Our purpose was to more precisely evaluate these impacts on radiologists through a nationwide survey. A total of 689 responses from radiologists across 44 different states met the criteria for inclusion in the analysis. As many as 61% of respondents rated their level of anxiety with regard to COVID-19 to be a 7 out of 10 or greater, and higher scores were positively correlated the standardized number of COVID-19 cases in a respondent's state (RR = 1.11, 95% CI: 1.02–1.21, p = 0.01). Citing the stressor of “personal health” was a strong predictor of higher anxiety scores (RR 1.23; 95% CI: 1.13–1.34, p < 0.01). By contrast, participants who reported needing no coping methods were more likely to self-report lower anxiety scores (RR 0.4; 95% CI: 0.3–0.53, p < 0.01).
Similarity Comparison of Multiple Coronavirus Sequences from 2D to 1D Linearizing Transformation	Deng,  F,  Z	Research Square prepub	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	In this paper, an innovative of transformation from a 2D density matrix to 1D measuring vector is proposed based on the A5 module of the MAS for visualization. The core transformation projects whole RNA sequences of multiple coronaviruses in 2D matrices and then forms 1D measuring vectors on variant maps. The relationships of SARSCoV-2 genomes are compared by their similarity properties and genomic index of entropy quantities applied to classify relevant results into groups.
32681989; Clinical Manifestations and Outcomes of Critically Ill Children and Adolescents with Coronavirus Disease 2019 in New York City	Derespina,  KR,  Kaushik, et al	Journal of Pediatrics	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	Children and adolescents: severe cases clinical data  (NY USA) -->Retrospective observational study of children 1 month to 21 years admitted March 14 to May 2, 2020, to 9 New York City pediatric intensive care units (PICUs).  Of 70 children admitted to PICUs, median age was 15 (IQR 9, 19) years; 61.4% male; 38.6% Hispanic; 32.9% black; and 74.3% with comorbidities. Fever (72.9%) and cough (71.4%) were the common presenting symptoms. Twelve patients (17%) met severe sepsis criteria; 14 (20%) required vasopressor support; 21 (30%) developed acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS); 9 (12.9%) met acute kidney injury criteria; 1 (1.4%) required renal-replacement therapy, and 2 (2.8%) had cardiac arrest. For treatment, 27 (38.6%) patients received hydroxychloroquine; 13 (18.6%) remdesivir; 23 (32.9%) corticosteroids; 3 (4.3%) tocilizumab; and 1 (1.4%) anakinra; no patient was given immunoglobulin or convalescent plasma. Forty-nine (70%) patients required respiratory support: 14 (20.0%) noninvasive mechanical ventilation, 20 (28.6%) invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), 7 (10%) prone position, 2 (2.8%) inhaled nitric oxide, and 1 (1.4%) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Nine (45%) of the 20 patients requiring IMV were extubated by day 14 with median IMV duration of 218 (IQR 79, 310.4) hours. Presence of ARDS was significantly associated with duration of PICU and hospital stay, and lower probability of PICU and hospital discharge at hospital day 14 (P < .05 for all).
32871986; First neonates with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection in Romania: Three case reports	Dima,  M,  Enatescu, et al	Medicine	Clinical data| Données cliniques	case report:   Three newborns have been tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection. One of them presented bilateral decreased air entry, while the other 2 had no respiratory symptomatology. All 3 developed diaper erythema and oral candidiasis. All 3 neonates were discharged after 2 consecutive negative tests for SARS-CoV-2. Patients 1 and 2 fully recovered, whereas the condition of patient 3 improved.
Toilets dominate environmental detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in a hospital	Ding,  Z,  Qian, et al	Science of the Total Environment	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Transmission	Hospital Environment Survey: In total, 107 surface samples, 46 air samples, two exhaled condensate samples, and two expired air samples were collected within and beyond four three-bed isolation rooms. All SARS-CoV-2-positive surface samples were associated with patients' toilets. Only one of 46 air samples was weakly positive for SARS-CoV-2. All four exhaled condensate or expired air samples were negative for SARS-CoV-2. Fecal-derived aerosols contained most of the detected SARS-CoV-2 virus. Regular disinfection of toilet surfaces is an important COVID-19 intervention.
The supreme audit insitutions readiness to uncertainty*	Dobrowolski,  Z	Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues	Public Health Priorities| Priorités de santé publique	The inefficient fight against the COVID-19 pandemic and earlier insufficient readiness to counteract terrorist attacks raise the question about the role of the supreme audit institutions (SAIs) in the situation, in which decision-makers take decisions in uncertainty conditions. The states did not prove themselves in conditions of uncertainty. In all countries, the situation is the same, too late decisions regarding anti-epidemic quarantine, lack of necessary measures to protect doctors and patients, too few respirators. Based on the analysis of several randomly selected SAIs from different parts of the Globe, this study found that the audit methodology tailored to a predictable environment became inappropriate in uncertainty conditions. Most of analysed SAIs did not find weak signals and wild cards related to pandemic. Those who found such signals did not use them in foresight, which results that parliaments, governments and the public are not ready for global threats. It creates risks for entrepreneurs. © 2020 by author(s) and VsI Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Center.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of the Lebanese Community Toward COVID-19	Domiati,  S,  Itani, et al	Frontiers in Medicine	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	A cross-sectional online survey was performed in April 2020. It involved 410 volunteers from the main 5 Lebanese districts.  The overall correct rate of the knowledge questionnaire was 75%. Survey completers of extreme age groups (under 18 and >44), elementary education level, and medical occupation displayed the least level of knowledge compared to other groups (p < 0.05). Most of the participants showed proactive practices to protect themselves against COVID-19. They covered their mouths (81.2%), threw the used tissues (93.7%), and washed their hands (66.6%) after sneezing or coughing. Moreover, they wore face masks if they were sick (59%) or in a crowded place (79.3%). Concerning Hydroxychloroquine, 10% claimed that they would take it if they have COVID-19 symptoms.
Sleep Disturbances, Anxiety, and Burnout during the COVID-19 Pandemic: a nationwide cross-sectional study in Brazilian Healthcare Professionals	Drager,  Luciano,  Pachito, et al	medRxiv	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	Brazil: A total of 4,384 health professionals from all regions of the country were included in the analysis (mean age: 44±12 years, 76% females, 53.8% physicians).  . Overall, 55.7% were assisting patients with COVID-19, and 9.2% had a previous COVID-19 infection. New-onset insomnia symptoms or previous insomnia worsening occurred in 41.4% of respondents in parallel to 13% (n=572) new pharmacological treatments for insomnia. Prevalent anxiety and burnout during the pandemic were observed in 44.2% and 21% of participants, respectively. Multivariate analyses showed that females (OR:1.756; 95% CI 1.487-2.075), weight change (decrease:OR:1.852; 95% CI 1.531-2.240; increase: OR:1.542; 95% CI 1.323-1.799), prevalent anxiety (OR:3.209; 95% CI 2.796-3.684), new-onset burnout (OR:1.986; 95% CI 1.677-2.352), family income reduction >30% (OR:1.366; 95% CI 1.140-1.636) and assisting patients with COVID-19 (OR:1.293; 95% CI 1.104-1.514) were independently associated with new-onset or worsening of previous insomnia.
Functional Group Decomposition of Multiple Coronaviruses on Variant Maps	Du,  L,  Z	Research Square prepub	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	In this paper, a functional group measurement method is proposed to combine discrete mathematics and computational technologies on the A2 module of the MAS. Various samples are processed by this scheme and interesting results can be observed. The projections of the segmented groups on each coronavirus compared with the projective effects on different coronaviruses in 2D maps of coordinate systems are shown by statistical measures on the density matrix with similarity and dissimilarity properties for further exploration.
The Performance of Deep Neural Networks in Differentiating Chest X-Rays of COVID-19 Patients From Other Bacterial and Viral Pneumonias	Elgendi,  M,  Nasir, et al	Frontiers in Medicine	Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	Chest radiography is a critical tool in the early detection, management planning, and follow-up evaluation of COVID-19 pneumonia; Our approach eliminates the extra time and resources needed to develop new technology and associated algorithms, thus aiding the front-line healthcare workers in the race against the COVID-19 pandemic. Our results show that DarkNet-19 is the optimal pre-trained neural network for the detection of radiographic features of COVID-19 pneumonia, scoring an overall accuracy of 94.28% over 5,854 X-ray images. We also present a custom visualization of the results that can be used to highlight important visual biomarkers of the disease and disease progression.
32872802; Fractional diffusion on the human proteome as an alternative to the multi-organ damage of SARS-CoV-2	Estrada,  E	Chaos	Clinical data| Données cliniques Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	Behind paywall: The coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) respiratory disease is caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2), which uses the enzyme ACE2 to enter human cells. This disease is characterized by important damage at a multi-organ level, partially due to the abundant expression of ACE2 in practically all human tissues. However, not every organ in which ACE2 is abundant is affected by SARS-CoV-2, which suggests the existence of other multi-organ routes for transmitting the perturbations produced by the virus. We consider here diffusive processes through the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of proteins targeted by SARS-CoV-2 as an alternative route. We found a subdiffusive regime that allows the propagation of virus perturbations through the PPI network at a significant rate. By following the main subdiffusive routes across the PPI network, we identify proteins mainly expressed in the heart, cerebral cortex, thymus, testis, lymph node, kidney, among others of the organs reported to be affected by COVID-19.
Efficient markets hypothesis in the time of COVID-19	Evangelos,  V	Review of Economic Analysis	Economics | Économie	This paper examines how the largest stock market of the world, the U.S., and particularly the S&P500 index, reacted during the COVID-19 outbreak (02.01.2020-30.04.2020). Using simple financial analysis procedures for our theoretical framework, we juxtapose the released news with the respective market performance in order to examine if the stock market always incorporated the available information in time. We show that the market in some sub-periods was not moving as it was expected, and the runs-test statistically confirmed our assumptions that the US stock market was not always efficient during the COVID-19 outbreak. The market’s behavior is unpredictable for a rational asset pricing model because as this paper shows even the simplest financial theories could explain rational behavior, but the market presented a different performance. © 2020, Rimini Centre for Economic Analysis. All rights reserved.
32877383; Risks of COVID-19 transmission in blood and serum during surgery A prospective cross-sectional study from a single dedicated COVID-19 center	Fabbri,  N,  Righini, et al	Annali Italiani di Chirurgia	Clinical data| Données cliniques	article in Italian. We have investigated the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the peritoneal cavity of patients affected by COVID-19, intraoperatively and postoperatively.  no results provided in abstract.
Pre-testing of the who's educational video: "how to protectyourself against covid-19"	Fadliyah,  H,  Muhtar, et al	Kesmas	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study is the results of a qualitiatve evaluation of the video developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) entitled "How to ProtectYourself Against COVID-19", which explained how to prevent the spread of COVID-19.   Results were positive.
Scores based on neutrophil percentage and lactate dehydrogenase with or without oxygen saturation predict the risk of hospital mortality in severe COVID-19 patients	Fan,  X,  Z	Research Square prepub	Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	Risk scores are urgently needed to assist clinicians in predicting the risk of death in severe patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection in the context of millions of people infected, rapid disease progression, and shortage of medical resources.  Developed prediction models based on logistic regression models, nomogram and risk scoring system for simplification.   The NSL model (Area under the curve (AUC) 0.932) and NL model (AUC 0.903) were developed based on neutrophil percentage (NE), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) with or without oxygen saturation (SaO2) using the training dataset. Compared with the training dataset, the predictability of NSL model (AUC 0.910) and NL model (AUC 0.871) were similar in the test dataset. The risk scoring systems corresponding to these two models were established for clinical application. The AUCs of the NSL and NL scores were 0.928 and 0.901 in the training dataset, respectively. At the optimal cut-off value of NSL score, the sensitivity was 94% and specificity was 82%. In addition, for NL score, the sensitivity and specificity were 94% and 75%, respectively.
32879096; Emergency management for kidney transplantation in the epidemic period of coronavirus disease 2019	Fang,  C,  Wang, et al	Zhong nan da xue xue bao.Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University.Medical sciences	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	In Chinese: Department of Kidney Transplantation from January 24, 2020 to February 29, 2020 were retrospectively analyzed.  There were altogether 47 inpatients which included 20 recipients who had just received kidney transplantation in the meantime, 2 577 kidney transplant recipients, 1 689 patients on waiting-list for kidney transplantation, and 794 outpatients in our hospital. No case of COVID-19 occurred in this period.
Effectiveness and safety of non-invasive positive pressure ventilation in the treatment of COVID-19-associated acute hypoxemic respiratory failure: a single center, non-ICU setting experience	Faraone,  A,  B	Research Square prepub	Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	We retrospectively evaluated all COVID-19 patients consecutively admitted to the COVID-19 general wards of a medium-size Italian hospital, from March 6 to May 7, 2020. Overall, 50 of 143 patients (mean age 74.6 years) were treated with NIPPV, and 22 (44%) were successfully weaned. Due to limited life expectancy, 25 (50%) of 50 NIPPV-treated patients received a “do not intubate” order. Among these, only 6 (24%) were weaned from NIPPV. Of the remaining 25 NIPPV-treated patients, 16 (64%) were successfully weaned, 9 (36%) underwent delayed endotracheal intubation and, among these, 3 (33.3%) died. NIPPV success was predicted by the use of corticosteroids (OR 15.4, p 0.013), the PaO2/FiO2 ratio measured 24-48 hours after NIPPV initiation (OR 1.02, p 0.015), and the presence of a “do not intubate” order (OR 0.03, p 0.020). During the study period, 2 of 124 (1.6%) HCWs caring for COVID-19 patients were diagnosed with mild SARS-CoV-2 infection.
32876237; Análisis preliminar in silico de azitromicina con proteínas humanas relacionadas al SARS-CoV-2	Farfán-López,  M,  Espinoza-Culupú, et al	Revista peruana de medicina experimental y salud publica	Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	In spanish:  Between March 21 and 24, 2020, the aforementioned databases and web servers were accessed to evaluate the structure of azithromycin in Simplified Molecular Input Line Entry (SMILE) format. this preliminary in silico study shows that azithromycin could bind to receptors that play a very important role in the recognition and entry of SARS-CoV-2. In vitro assays of azithromycin with SARS-CoV-2 are needed to verify these findings.
32876282; MULTISYSTEM INFLAMMATORY SYNDROME IN A CHILD ASSOCIATED WITH CORONAVIRUS DISEASE 19 IN THE BRAZILIAN AMAZON: FATAL OUTCOME IN AN INFANT	Farias,  ECF,  Justino, et al	Revista paulista de pediatria : orgao oficial da Sociedade de Pediatria de Sao Paulo	Clinical data| Données cliniques	MIS-C in a 7 month old infant. A seven-month-old infant, with SARS-CoV-2 infection and a history of extreme preterm birth and very low weight at birth, with an initial course of mild respiratory symptoms and abrupt progression to vasoplegic shock, myocarditis and hyperinflammation syndrome, shown by high levels of troponin I, ferritin, CRP, D-dimer and hypoalbuminemia. Despite the intensive care provided, the child developed multiple organ dysfunction and died.
32876299; Pneumothorax as a late complication of COVID-19	Ferreira,  JG,  Rapparini, et al	Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo	Clinical data| Données cliniques	case report - 45 year old with odd presentation
Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Surgical Breast Cancer Care in the Netherlands: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study	Filipe,  MD,  van Deukeren, et al	Clinical Breast Cancer	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	The present multicenter retrospective cohort study investigated the effects of COVID-19 on patients with breast cancer who had undergone surgery from March 9 to May 17, 2020.  A total of 217 consecutive patients with breast cancer requiring surgery were included. We found an overall decrease in the number of patients with breast cancer who were undergoing surgery. The most significant decline was seen in surgery for T1-T2 and N0 tumors. A decline in the number of referrals from both the national screening program and general practitioners was observed. The incidence of postoperative complications remained stable during the study period.
32734624; Association Between Pulmonary Embolism and COVID-19 in Emergency Department Patients Undergoing Computed Tomography Pulmonary Angiogram: The PEPCOV International Retrospective Study	Freund,  Y,  Drogrey, et al	Academic Emergency Medicine	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	Whether there is an association between pulmonary embolism (PE) and COVID-19 in the emergency department (ED) is unknown.  In ED patients who underwent CTPA for suspected PE, COVID-19 was not associated with an increased probability of PE diagnosis: A total of 3,358 patients were included, of whom 105 were excluded because COVID-19 status was unknown, leaving 3,253 for analysis. Among them, 974 (30%) were diagnosed with COVID-19. Mean (±SD) age was 61 (±19) years and 52% were women. A PE was diagnosed on CTPA in 500 patients (15%). The risk of PE was similar between COVID-19 patients and others (15% in both groups). In the multivariable binary logistic regression model, COVID-19 was not associated with higher risk of PE (adjusted odds ratio = 0.98, 95% confidence interval = 0.76 to 1.26). There was no association when limited to patients in the pandemic period.
Health and personal safety at work during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. A Germany-wide survey of the emergency medical and rescue services	Friedrichson,  B,  Lotz, et al	Anasthesiologie und Intensivmedizin	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	In German: An online-based survey with 20 questions on demographics, risk profile and occupational safety was sent to all medical directors of the rescue service for forwarding to the rescue service personnel. In addition, the survey was shared via Facebook ® and Twitter Inc. with emergency medical catchwords. Single and multiple choice questions, evaluations using school grades from 1–6 (very good - unsatisfactory) and free text comments were used for the survey.  A total of 1,055 employees from the rescue and emergency medical services took part in the survey (21.0% emergency medical personnel and 79.0% rescue service personnel). The personal sense of security was rated 1–2 in 60.3% of the cases. There was no significant difference between the occupational groups (emergency physicians MRang = 449.98; rescue specialists MRang = 491.87; U = 68125.0; Z = -1.93; p = 0.054; r = -0.06). 53.5% of the participants indicated potentially predisposing factors for a severe course of COVID-19. Personal protective equipment is provided to most employees on a daily basis, but visors (48.0%) and FFP3 masks (51.5%) are only available to a limited extent. 41.3% of the respondents came into contact with suspected SARS-CoV-2 cases without wearing adequate protective clothing.
Be Aware of the Hot Zone: A Warning System of Hazard Area Prediction to Intervene Novel Coronavirus COVID-19 Outbreak	Fu,  Z,  Wu, et al		Public Health Priorities| Priorités de santé publique	Behind Paywall: Built a system predicting hazard areas on the basis of confirmed infection cases with location information. The purpose is to warn people to avoid of such hot zones and reduce risks of disease transmission through droplets or contacts. We analyze the data from the daily official information release which are publicly accessible. Based on standard classification frameworks with reinforcements incrementally learned day after day, we manage to conduct thorough feature engineering from empirical studies, including geographical, demographic, temporal, statistical, and epidemiological features. Compared with heuristics baselines, our method has achieved promising overall performance in terms of precision, recall, accuracy, F1 score, and AUC. We expect that our efforts could be of help in the battle against the virus, the common opponent of human kind.
Evaluation of the Usefulness of CO-RADS for Chest CT in Patients Suspected of Having COVID-19	Fujioka,  T,  Takahashi, et al	Diagnostics	Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	The purpose of this study was to use the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Reporting and Data System (CO-RADS) to evaluate the chest computed tomography (CT) images of patients suspected of having COVID-19, and to investigate its diagnostic performance and interobserver agreement.  We investigated retrospectively 154 adult patients with clinically suspected COVID-19, between April and June 2020, who underwent chest CT and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).  Using CO-RADS, four radiologists evaluated the chest CT images. Sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) were calculated. The average sensitivity was 87.8% (range, 80.2–93.4%), specificity was 66.4% (range, 51.3–84.5%), and AUC was 0.859 (range, 0.847–0.881); there was no significant difference between the readers.
32879118; Status of grief counseling for medical workers from coronavirus disease 2019 designated hospitals in Wuhan	Gao,  X,  Kong, et al	Zhong nan da xue xue bao.Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University.Medical sciences	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	OBJECTIVES: To investigate the attitudes and skills of grief counseling in the front-line medical workers from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) designated hospitals in Wuhan for the bereaved family members and to provide the basis for proper hospital management strategies. METHODS: The convenience sampling method was applied to select 422 medical workers who kept touch with the bereaved family members in five COVID-19 designated hospitals in Wuhan from January to February 2020. Questionnaire regarding grief counseling attitudes and questionnaire regarding grief counseling skills were used to evaluate the attitudes and skills of grief counseling in medical workers. RESULTS: The scores of grief counseling attitudes in medical workers were 15-46 (33.00±9.31). Length of service, professional title, whether or not receiving relevant training, frequency of contact with bereaved family members contributed to impacting the medical workers' attitudes of grief counseling . There was a significant positive correlation between the attitudes and skills of grief counseling in the medical workers.
Global infodemic: Information disorders, false narratives, and fact checking during the covid-19 crisis	García-Marín,  D	Profesional de la Informacion	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The analysis focuses on determining its frequency of occurrence, based on the time it takes to be verified and establishing the relationship between the spread of the virus and the prevalence of disinformation on different continents. A sample of 582 fake news items included in the International Fact-Checking Network (IFCN) database on the novel coronavirus was analyzed. This information was divided into a general sample made up of 511 pieces of disinformation and a specific one on fake news spread through WhatsApp (n=71). The results partially confirm recent studies that reported a greater prevalence of information that reconfigures legitimate content and takes longer to be verified than fully fabricated content. Disinformation in textual form predominates over the production of images and audios. Video content required longer verification times in com-parison with the other media formats. Disinformation about Covid-19 includes narratives with a dynamic and changing character as the pandemic expands.
32771480; Willingness to Vaccinate Children against Influenza after the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic	Goldman,  RD,  McGregor, et al	Journal of Pediatrics	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	To determine factors associated with parents who plan to vaccinate their children against influenza next year, especially those who did not vaccinate against influenza last year using a global survey. Study design: A survey of caregivers accompanying their children aged 1-19 years old in 17 pediatric emergency departments in 6 countries at the peak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Anonymous online survey included caregiver and child demographic information, vaccination history and future intentions, and concern about the child and caregiver having COVID-19 at the time of emergency department visit. Results: Of 2422 surveys, 1314 (54.2%) caregivers stated they plan to vaccinate their child against influenza next year, an increase of 15.8% from the previous year. Of 1459 caregivers who did not vaccinate their children last year, 418 (28.6%) plan to do so next year.
Newsgames discourse versus fake news and disinformation: Media culture and digital literacy	Gómez-García,  S,  Carrillo-Vera, et al	Prisma Social	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	From this context, this research aims to analyze the critical-discursive capacity of newsgames that have addressed the phenomenon of disinformation and fake news: Bad News (DROG, 2017), Fake it to make it (Amanda Warner, 2017), iReporter (BBC, 2018) and Factitious (Augame Studio, 2017-20). To this end, a qualitative analysis methodology is used to explain its narrative structure, informative purpose and playful-interactive proposal. The results reflect a primary discursive strategy oriented to the role-playing of the players as creators, verifiers or disseminators of false news that responds to a wide range of topics (from political issues to those related to COVID-19).
Complete mapping of mutations to the SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain that escape antibody recognition	Greaney,  AllisonJ,  Starr, et al	bioRxiv	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	Here, we describe a deep mutational scanning method to map how all amino-acid mutations in the RBD affect antibody binding, and apply this method to 10 human monoclonal antibodies. The escape mutations cluster on several surfaces of the RBD that broadly correspond to structurally defined antibody epitopes. However, even antibodies targeting the same RBD surface often have distinct escape mutations. The complete escape maps predict which mutations are selected during viral growth in the presence of single antibodies, and enable us to design escape-resistant antibody cocktails--including cocktails of antibodies that compete for binding to the same surface of the RBD but have different escape mutations.
Acute Ischemic Stroke and COVID-19: Experience From a Comprehensive Stroke Center in Midwest US	Grewal,  P,  Pinna, et al	Frontiers in Neurology	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of patients hospitalized with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and COVID-19 to our comprehensive stroke center in Chicago, IL, between March 1, 2020, and April 30, 2020. We reviewed stroke characteristics, etiologies, and composite outcomes. We then compared our cohort with historic patients with AIS without COVID-19 admitted in the same time frame in 2019 and 2020. Results: A trend toward less alteplase administration was noted in the COVID-19 stroke patients compared to the non-COVID group from 2020 and 2019 (7.1 vs. 20.7% p 0.435 and 7.1 vs. 27.2% p 0.178). Endovascular thrombectomy was performed in 3 (23%) patients. Systemic thrombotic complications occurred in 3 (23%) COVID-19 AIS patients.  Conclusion: AIS in the setting of COVID-19 is associated with worse outcomes, especially among African-American and Latino populations.
COVID-19 related loneliness and sleep problems in older adults: Worries and resilience as potential moderators	Grossman,  ES,  Hoffman, et al	Personality and Individual Differences	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study aimed to assess COVID-19 related worries and resilience as potential moderators of the loneliness-sleep problems link. Method: In the midst of the lock-down period of COVID-19, we collected data using a web-based public platform from 243 Israeli older adults (mean age = 69.76, SD = 6.69, age range = 60–92). Participants completed measures of COVID-19 related loneliness, sleep problems, COVID-related worries, and resilience. Results: COVID-19 related loneliness was related to more sleep problems. The loneliness-sleep association was especially strong among those with more COVID-19 related worries or among those with lower resilience.
CD8 T cell epitope generation toward the continually mutating SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in genetically diverse human population: Implications for disease control and prevention	Guo,  Hailong,  Guo, et al	bioRxiv	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	In this study, we reported the generation of CD8 T cell epitopes by a total of 80 alleles of three major class I HLAs using NetMHC 4.0 algorithm for the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2, a key antigen that is targeted by both B cells and T cells. We found diverse capacities of S protein specific epitope presentation by different HLA alleles with very limited number of predicted epitopes. Our analysis of 1000 S protein sequences from field isolates collected globally over the past few months identified three recurrent point mutations including L5F, D614G and G1124V. Differential effects of these mutations on CD8 T cell epitope generation by corresponding HLA alleles were observed. Finally, our multiple alignment analysis indicated the absence of seasonal CoV induced cross-reactive CD8 T cells to drive these mutations.
Coronamask: A face mask detector for real-time data	Gupta,  C,  Gill, et al	International Journal of Advanced Trends in Computer Science and Engineering	Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	This paper contributes to the welfare of human beings and proposes CoronaMask, a highly effective face mask detector. The proposed model uses the deep learning convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithm as a base for detecting faces. In this study, the dataset has been created which consists of 1238 images which are divided into two classes as “mask” and “no_mask”. This model also takes live streaming videos as input and detects faces which are wearing masks and which are not wearing a mask. The convolutional neural network is trained on the dataset and it gives 95% of accuracy. CoronaMask, a two-phase face mask detector works in identifying masks in images and also in real-time video streams.
Viral disease spreading in grouped population	Gwizdałła,  T	Computer methods and programs in biomedicine	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	Methods: In this paper, we propose a new approach to disease-spread modeling. We start by creating a network that reproduces contacts between individuals in a community. This assumption makes the presented model significantly different from the ones currently dominant in the field.With our model, we can individualize this process, considering each contact individually. Results: The typical output from calculations of a similar type are epidemic curves. In our model, except of presenting the average curves, we show the deviations or ranges for particular results obtained in different simulation runs, which usually lead to significantly different results. This observation is the effect of the probabilistic character of the infection process, which can impact, in different runs, individuals with different significance to the community. We can also easily present the effects of different types of intervention.
Risk of thrombosis: SARS-CoV-2 and overweight	Haas,  S,  Encke, et al	Deutsches Arzteblatt International	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	No URL available
The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on The Preventive Services in Qatar	Haj Bakri,  Ahmad,  Al-Kuwari, et al	medRxiv	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	The aim of the retrospective analysis to measure the Impact of COVID 19 on the preventive services provided in Qatar. Methods: A retrospective data analysis was conducted for all the preventive services utilization volume across the 27 PHCC health centers from the 1st of January 2017 to the 31st of July 2020. Results: With 17,012 no-show appointments, well-baby and Immunization services utilization demonstrated a reduction of 40% in May and started to come back to volumes higher than expected in June. The number of cancelled appointments for breast cancer and colorectal cancer screening programs were 3,481 and 5,854 respectively. The expected volumes demand has dropped by 100% in comparison to 2017 demand. Wellness services only met 20% of its projected utilization in April, however, the services picked up in June.
Understanding and Analysis of Enhanced COVID-19 Chest X-Ray Images	Hanumantharaju,  MC,  Manjunath Aradhya, et al	SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology	Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	This paper proposes the development of algorithm that enhances the details of images and assists the doctors in knowing the exact location of affected area. The proposed technique improvises the most popular image enhancement algorithm, namely, multiscale retinex and adjusts the parameters to intensify the details of chest X-ray/CT images of COVID-19 patients. Multiscale retinex (MSR) is human perception-related enhancement algorithm which improves intensity, contrast, and sharpness in medical image through dynamic range compression. The proposed scheme improves the details of images and validates the resulting images using novel metric called wavelet energy. The proposed study is evaluated on images of COVID-19 patients have been obtained from the open-source GitHub repository.
A US population health survey on the impact of COVID-19 using the EQ-5D-5L	Hay,  JW,  G	Research Square prepub	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	Objective: To assess the impact of COVID-19 on US population health using the EQ-5D-5L. Design: We surveyed respondents on health status, employment, and anxiety/depression. We collected information on demographics, brief medical history, socioeconomic status, current COVID-19 status, sleep, dietary, and financial spending changes. Key Results: Survey respondents (n=2776) reported significantly worse mean (SD) HRQoL utility as captured by the EQ-5D-5L among 18-24 year olds,  vs. online,  and face-to-face norms. Among ages 25-34, utility was worse compared to face-to-face norms only. Among ages 35-64, utility values were higher during-pandemic but only vs. online norms. At age 65+, utility values were similar across all samples. Increasing age and income were correlated with increased utility, while Hawaiian/Pacific islander race, Hispanic ethnicity, married, living alone, history of chronic illness, fear of COVID-19’s impact on health, and having a family member diagnosed with COVID-19 were associated with worse utility scores.
Prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms in the Chinese population in relation to exposure to COVID-19 and region of residence	He,  Y,  Cui, et al	Asian Journal of Psychiatry	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	A nationwide survey was conducted online in March 2020. The survey was approved by the Ethics Committee of Shenzhen Kangning Hospital.  A total of 7143 people completed the survey. The infected group (n = 318) reported the highest rates of severe depression (48.11 %) and severe anxiety (53.46 %). The high risk group (n = 614) reported similar rates of severe depression (46.42 %) and severe anxiety (50.16 %). Subjects in the low risk group (n = 6211) reported the lowest rates of severe depression (12.20 %) and severe anxiety (13.98 %).
Impact of COVID-19 on Clinical and Academic Urological Practice: A Survey from European Association of Urology Section of Uro-technology	Heinze,  A,  Umari, et al	European Urology Open Science	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	Objective: To better understand the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on clinical, academic, and scientific activities as well as on the quality of life of urologists from the main centers in Europe. Design, setting, and participants: We conducted a survey using a 37-item questionnaire. The survey included three main sections: clinical practice, academic/scientific activities, and personal/social quality of life. Outcome measurements and statistical analysis: A descriptive analysis was performed using the collected data. Results and limitations: A total of 107 representatives affiliated to different centers from 22 countries completed the survey. Clinical activities were affected in 54.2% of the centers, and 85.0% of the elective surgeries were cancelled. Of the urological departments, 64.5% were still performing minimally invasive surgery for malignant disease. In 33.6% of the hospitals, dedicated and specially equipped operating theaters for COVID-19–positive patients were not available. According to 72.9% of participants, COVID-19 had a substantial negative impact on academic activities, and 82.3% of the respondents agreed that their quality of life has been affected negatively by the pandemic. Finally, 92.5% of the participants believe that the pandemic will have a moderate to severe impact on the health system of their countries.
32768493; Invasive aspergillosis in patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia	Helleberg,  M,  Steensen, et al	Clinical Microbiology and Infection	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Case series of 2 patients with COID-19 treated with ECMO between March 15, 2020 to April 11, 2020
Higher procoagulatory potential but lower DIC score in COVID-19 ARDS patients compared to non-COVID-19 ARDS patients	Hoechter,  DJ,  Becker-Pennrich, et al	Thrombosis research	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	We aimed to compare coagulation and inflammation parameters in patients with ARDS due to SARS-CoV-2 infection versus patients with ARDS due to other causes. Methods: This retrospective study included intubated patients admitted with the diagnosis of ARDS to the ICU at Munich university hospital. 22 patients had confirmed SARS-CoV2-infection (COVID-19 group), 14 patients had bacterial or other viral pneumonia (control group). Demographic, clinical parameters and laboratory tests including coagulation parameters and thromboelastometry were analysed. Results: No differences were found in gender ratios, BMI, Horovitz quotients and haemoglobin values. The median SOFA score, serum lactate levels, renal function parameters (creatinine, urea) and all inflammation markers (IL-6, PCT, CRP) were lower in the COVID-19 group . INR and antithrombin were higher in COVID-19 patients. D-dimer levels and consecutively the DIC score  were lower in this group. In ExTEM®, Time-to-Twenty (TT20) was shorter in the COVID-19 group, these patients also had higher FibTEM® MCF. Further, these patients presented with elevated antigen and activity levels of von-Willebrand-Factor (VWF).
32871242; Dual-histamine receptor blockade with cetirizine - famotidine reduces pulmonary symptoms in COVID-19 patients	Hogan Ii,  RB,  Hogan Iii, et al	Pulmonary Pharmacology and Therapeutics	Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	Methods: A physician-sponsored cohort study of cetirizine and famotidine was performed in hospitalized patients with severe to critical pulmonary symptoms. Pulmonologists led the inpatient care in a single medical center of 110 high-acuity patients that were treated with cetirizine 10 mg b.i.d. and famotidine 20 mg b.i.d. plus standard-of-care. Results: Of all patients, including those with Do Not Resuscitate directives, receiving the dual-histamine receptor blockade for at least 48 h, the combination drug treatment resulted in a 16.4% rate of intubation, a 7.3% rate of intubation after a minimum of 48 h of treatment, a 15.5% rate of inpatient mortality, and 11.0 days duration of hospitalization. The drug combination exhibited beneficial reductions in inpatient mortality and symptom progression when compared to published reports of COVID-19 inpatients.
Concomitant infection with COVID-19 and Mycoplasma pneumoniae	Huang,  ACC,  Huang, et al	Biomedical Journal	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Case report of a 61 year old male with COVID-19 and past history of hypertension, hepatitis B and hearing impairment.
Crisis communication management by the national tourist organizations of spain and italy in the face of COVID-19	Huertas,  A,  Oliveira, et al	Profesional de la Informacion	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This research seeks to know how the national tourism offices (ONTs) of Spain and Italy managed their crisis communication in the face of Covid-19. The study was carried out by analyzing the content of the messages published on the Twitter accounts of the ONTs from the beginning or the detection of the first patient until one month after the official declaration of a pandemic by the World Health Organization . The results reveal two different ways of managing crisis communication in the face of Covid-19 both in the treatment of the issues and in the timing of the publication, which at the same time generate different reactions and engagementamong users, being the Agenzia Nazionale Italiana del Turismo faster and more active in the first moment of the crisis compared to the Spanish Tourist Office .
Sars-CoV-2 (COVID-19) inactivation capability of copper-coated touch surface fabricated by cold-spray technology	Hutasoit,  N,  Kennedy, et al	Manufacturing Letters	Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI)	The primary intention was to alleviate the tendency of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) virus to linger longer on touch surfaces that attract high-to-medium volume human contact, such as the push plates used in publicly accessed buildings and hospitals. The viricidal activity test revealed that 96% of the virus was inactivated within 2-hrs, which was substantially shorter than the time required for stainless steel to inactivate the virus to the same level. Moreover, it was found that the copper-coated samples significantly reduces the lifetime of COVID-19 virus to less than 5-hrs. The capability of the cold-spray technique to generate antiviral copper coating on the existing touch surface eliminates the need for replacing the entire touch surface application with copper material.
Human mobility and COVID-19 initial dynamics	Iacus,  SM,  Santamaria, et al	Nonlinear Dynamics	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	This study shows that mobility alone can explain up to 92% of the initial spread in France and Italy, while it has a slow decay effect after lockdown measures, meaning that mobility restrictions seem to have effectively contribute to save lives. It also emerges that internal mobility is more important than mobility across provinces and that the typical lagged positive effect of reduced human mobility on reducing excess deaths is around 14–20 days. An analogous analysis relative to Spain, for which an IgG SARS-Cov-2 antibody screening study at province level is used instead of excess deaths statistics, confirms the findings. The same approach adopted in this study can be easily extended to other European countries, as soon as reliable data on the spreading of the virus at a suitable level of granularity will be available.
32871902; Viral exanthema as manifestation of SARS-CoV-2 infection: A case report	Iancu,  GM,  Solomon, et al	Medicine	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Case report of a 41 year old female
National survey on the treatment of cholelitiasis in Spain during the initial period of the COVID-19 pandemic	Ielpo,  B,  Prieto, et al	Cirugia Espanola	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	The aim of the present study is to analyse how this situation has affected the treatment of cholecystitis and cholelythiasis. Methods: It is a descriptive national study after online voluntary distribution of a specific questionnaire with Google Drive™ to members of the Spanish Association of Surgeons (AEC). Results: We received 153 answers (one per hospital). Elective cholecystectomies have been cancelled in 96.7% of centres. Conservative treatment for acute cholecystitis has been selected in 90% (previously 18%), and if operated, 95% have been performed laparoscopically. Globally, only 49% perform preoperative diagnostic tests for SARS-CoV-2, and 58.5% recognize there have been cases confirmed postoperatively after other surgeries, with worse surgical outcomes in 54%.
Microbicidal actives with virucidal efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 and other beta- and alpha-coronaviruses: implications for future emerging coronaviruses and other enveloped viruses	Ijaz,  MK,  N	Research Square prepub	Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI)	Mitigating the risk of acquiring SARS-CoV-2 or other coronaviruses requires awareness of the survival of virus on high-touch environmental surfaces (HITES) and skin, and frequent use of targeted microbicides with virucidal efficacy. We evaluated the efficacies of formulated microbicidal actives against alpha- and beta-coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2. Infectious coronaviruses, including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), SARS-CoV-2, human coronavirus 229E, bovine coronavirus, murine hepatitis virus-1, and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus, were deposited on prototypic HITES or spiked into liquid matrices along with organic soil loads. Alcohol-, quaternary ammonium compound-, hydrochloric acid-, organic acid-, p-chloro-m-xylenol-, and sodium hypochlorite-based microbicidal formulations were evaluated per global standardized ASTM International and EN methodologies. All evaluated formulated microbicides inactivated SARS-CoV-2 and other coronaviruses in suspension or on prototypic HITES. Virucidal efficacies ( ≥3 to ≥6 log10 reduction) were displayed within 30 s to 5 min. Coronaviruses, like other lipid-enveloped viruses, are susceptible to commonly used microbicides. We confirmed the virucidal efficacy of a variety of commercially available formulated microbicides against SARS-CoV-2 and other coronaviruses. These formulated microbicidal actives should be useful for targeted surface and hand hygiene and disinfection of liquids, as part of infection prevention and control for SARS-CoV-2 and other emerging enveloped viruses.
Combination treatment of short-course systemic corticosteroid and favipiravir in a successfully treated case of critically ill COVID-19 pneumonia with COPD	Inoue,  H,  Jinno, et al	Respiratory Medicine Case Reports	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Use of systemic corticosteroids for the treatment for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients is not well described. A 58-year-old man with fever and progressive dyspnea was admitted to the Showa University Hospital, and showed severe respiratory failure which needed mechanical ventilation. His chest computed tomography scanning showed emphysema and bilateral ground-glass opacity caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. He received 30 mg prednisolone for five days with antiviral drug of favipiravir, and was successfully extubated on day five. A SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test became negative on day 15. He was discharged on day 21. Serum IgM and IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 converted to positive on day 7 and they kept positive on day 54 for both IgM and IgG. Combination treatment of short-course systemic corticosteroid and favipiravir might improve the prognosis for critically ill COVID-19 pneumonia with COPD without negative influence on viral clearance or antibody production. © 2020 The Authors
Emergency cricothyrotomy during the COVID-19 pandemic: How to suppress aerosolization	Issa,  N,  Liddy, et al	Trauma Surgery and Acute Care Open	Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI) Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	Background Cricothyrotomy is associated with significant aerosolization that increases the potential risk of infection among healthcare providers. It is important to identify simple yet effective methods to suppress aerosolization and improve the safety of healthcare providers. Methods 5 ear, nose and throat and general surgeons used a locally developed hybrid cricothyrotomy simulator with a porcine trachea to test three draping methods to suppress aerosolization during the procedure: an X-ray cassette drape, dry operating room (OR) towels and wet OR towels. The three methods were judged based on three categories: effectiveness of suppression, availability in all healthcare systems and ease of handling. Results All five surgeons performed the procedure independently using each of the three suppression methods. The wet OR towel drape was found to be an effective method to suppress aerosolization, and it did not hinder the surgeons from performing the procedure accurately. This finding was confirmed by using an atomized fluorescein dye injection into the porcine trachea, representing aerosolized material while performing the procedure. Conclusions We present a novel intervention using wet towels to suppress aerosolization during cricothyrotomy. Wet towels are cheap and readily available within any healthcare setting regardless of the financial resources available. ©
Recommendations for Safely Performing Major Head and Neck Surgery During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Experience with Implementation of a Workflow	Iyer,  S,  Subramaniam, et al	Journal of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	COVID 19 pandemic has affected the delivery of surgical services as a part of management of head and neck cancers all over the world. Since it may affect the overall cure as well as quality of life of these patients, it is necessary to continue providing surgical treatment but with minimal additional health hazards to the patient or the health care worker. For this, a workflow was formulated in a university teaching hospital in India with large head and neck cancer workload and implemented during the period of national lockdown. 125 major head and neck cancer cases were operated during this period out of which 25 patients were of high-risk status. Emergency (10%) and semi-emergency (83%) cases predominated with few electives. The number of noncancer reconstructive and craniomaxillofacial cases operated was 81, out of which 25% was of emergency in nature. When compared to the data of similar period in the previous year, 60% of the workload in the cancer-related cases could be offered surgical treatment, whereas the noncancer cases operated were only 25%. The workflow may be useful for all surgical departments in safely performing procedures during this pandemic or similar situations in future with suitable refinements. © 2020, The Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons of India.
Covid-19 in iran: A model for crisis management and current experience	Jamaati,  H,  Dastan, et al	Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	In February 2020, the first sample test was confirmed as positive for corona virus in Masih Daneshvari Hospital that is the reference center in Iran for all pulmonary and respiratory diseases. The decisions made in a hospital or organization to manage a crisis is very vital. Success in managing any crisis requires a scientific and scholarly attitude. This paper was distilled from experiences gained in Masih Daneshvari Hospital in Tehran, capital of Iran, in March 2020 at the stubborn time of coping and managing corona virus crisis. This study was conducted using participatory action research, a methodology which identifies problems in practice, and finds methods to solve them. This Action research involves five stages: statement of the problem, planning, data interpretation and analysis, action, and evaluation of the research process during performing the study. The whole hospital was equipped for corona virus patients in 10 phases during one week and 250 active beds were equipped for these patients. Three models, namely, “corona virus crisis management model”, “Pharmaceutical care management in coronavirus crisis model” and “nursing in coronavirus crisis model” were planned and implemented. During one month of implementing these three models, the supervision team monitored the accurate implementation of instructions and resolving or revising the possible deficiencies and faults. The Masih Daneshvari crisis management model in coronavirus, can be a useful and applicable model in other corona virus centers. © 2020, Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research. All rights reserved.
32876320; Family COVID-19 cluster analysis of an infant without respiratory symptoms	Jesus,  MCS,  Lima, et al	Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Transmission	Diagnosing cases of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) with only non-respiratory symptoms has been challenging. We reported the diagnosis of a child who tested positive for COVID-19 with abdominal pain/diarrhea and tracked his family cluster. One member of the family tested positive for COVID-19 on real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction assay and three other family members had anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies.
32768467; Longitudinal Echocardiographic Assessment of Coronary Arteries and Left Ventricular Function following Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children	Jhaveri,  S,  Ahluwalia, et al	Journal of Pediatrics	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Myocardial dysfunction and coronary artery dilation have been reported in the acute setting of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus disease-2-related multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. Through a longitudinal echocardiographic single-center study of 15 children, we report the short-term outcomes of cardiac dysfunction and coronary artery dilation in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus disease-2-related multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. © 2020 Elsevier Inc.
Spatial-temporal potential exposure risk analytics and urban sustainability impacts related to COVID-19 mitigation: A perspective from car mobility behaviour	Jiang,  P,  Fu, et al	Journal of Cleaner Production	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) poses a significant threat to the population and urban sustainability worldwide. The surge mitigation is complicated and associates many factors, including the pandemic status, policy, socioeconomics and resident behaviours. Modelling and analytics with spatial-temporal big urban data are required to assist the mitigation of the pandemic. This study proposes a novel perspective to analyse the spatial-temporal potential exposure risk of residents by capturing human behaviours based on spatial-temporal car park availability data. Near real-time data from 1,904 residential car parks in Singapore, a classical megacity, are collected to analyse car mobility and its spatial-temporal heat map. The implementation of the circuit breaker, a COVID-19 measure, in Singapore has reduced the mobility and heat (daily frequency of mobility) significantly at about 30.0%. It contributes to a 44.3%–55.4% reduction in the transportation-related air emissions under two scenarios of travelling distance reductions. Urban sustainability impacts in both environment and economy are discussed. The spatial-temporal potential exposure risk mapping with space-time interactions is further investigated via an extended Bayesian spatial-temporal regression model. The maximal reduction rate of the defined potential exposure risk lowers to 37.6% by comparison with its peak value. The big data analytics of changes in car mobility behaviour and the resultant potential exposure risks can provide insights to assist in (a) designing a flexible circuit breaker exit strategy, (b) precise management via identifying and tracing hotspots on the mobility heat map, and (c) making timely decisions by fitting curves dynamically in different phases of COVID-19 mitigation. The proposed method has the potential to be used by decision-makers worldwide with available data to make flexible regulations and planning. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd
Nonwoven characteristics effective for blood-resistant particulate filtration for healthcare application	Jung,  S,  Yi, et al	Journal of Industrial Textiles	Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI)	The epidemic virus such as COVID-19 can spread via bioaerosol or droplets, and the use of filtering facepiece is crucial in reducing the opportunity of infection. For healthcare application of filters, the fluid penetration resistance is an additional benefit. In this study, nonwoven characteristics that affect the blood penetration resistance were analyzed, using different coverweb materials including electrospun and spunbond webs. The web properties were varied in the basis weight, porosity, and wettability. The blood penetration resistance was tested using the horse blood and human blood simulant at the stream velocity of 2.83 m/s. The blood resistance was affected by both the surface wettability and the physical parameters. When the coverweb and the filter web were hydrophobized, filtration efficiency against oily aerosol was enhanced, without interfering comfort properties. This study is novel in that the comprehensive effects of physical and wetting properties were investigated in terms of fluid penetration resistance, comfort properties and filtration performance. © The Author(s) 2020.
Loss of Bcl-6-Expressing T Follicular Helper Cells and Germinal Centers in COVID-19	Kaneko,  N,  Kuo, et al	Cell	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Immunology | Immunologie	Humoral responses in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are often of limited durability, as seen with other human coronavirus epidemics. To address the underlying etiology, we examined post mortem thoracic lymph nodes and spleens in acute SARS-CoV-2 infection and observed the absence of germinal centers and a striking reduction in Bcl-6+ germinal center B cells but preservation of AID+ B cells. Absence of germinal centers correlated with an early specific block in Bcl-6+ TFH cell differentiation together with an increase in T-bet+ TH1 cells and aberrant extra-follicular TNF-α accumulation. Parallel peripheral blood studies revealed loss of transitional and follicular B cells in severe disease and accumulation of SARS-CoV-2-specific “disease-related” B cell populations. These data identify defective Bcl-6+ TFH cell generation and dysregulated humoral immune induction early in COVID-19 disease, providing a mechanistic explanation for the limited durability of antibody responses in coronavirus infections, and suggest that achieving herd immunity through natural infection may be difficult. © 2020 Elsevier Inc. Shiv Pillai and colleagues show that in acute COVID-19, there is a striking loss of germinal centers in lymph nodes and spleens and depletion of Bcl-6+ B cells but preservation of AID+ B cells. A specific block in germinal center type Bcl-6+ T follicular helper cell differentiation may explain the loss of germinal centers and the accumulation of non-germinal-center-derived activated B cells. These data suggest an underlying basis for the lower quality and lack of durability of humoral immune responses observed during natural infection with SARS-CoV-2 and have significant implications for expectations of herd immunity. © 2020 Elsevier Inc.
Case report: Postoperative myocardial injury in a patient with left ureteric stone and asymptomatic covid-19 disease	Kassam,  N,  Aziz, et al	Pan African Medical Journal	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). It was first identified on 8thDecember 2019 in Wuhan, Hubei, China, and has since spread globally to become an emergency of international concern. Patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 may be asymptomatic or present with symptoms ranging from mild clinical manifestations: such as fever, cough, and sore throat to moderate and severe form of the disease such as pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). In some patients, SARS-CoV-2 can affect the heart and cause myocardial injury which is evidenced either by electrocardiographic (ECG) changes or by a rise in serum troponin level. Patients with myocardial involvement are generally at risk of developing severe illness and tend to have a poor outcome. We hereby present a case of a hypertensive male patient with undiagnosed, asymptomatic COVID-19, who underwent an emergency urologic procedure for ureteric calculi. He eventually sustained a postoperative myocardial injury resulting in his demise. This case highlights the importance of detailed preoperative assessment and anticipation of complications during this global pandemic. © Nadeem Kassam et al.
32871594; Impact of first-wave COronaVIrus disease 2019 infection in patients on haemoDIALysis in Alsace: the observational COVIDIAL study	Keller,  N,  Chantrel, et al	Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	BACKGROUND: There are only scarce data regarding the presentation, incidence, severity and outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in patients undergoing long-term haemodialysis (HD). A prospective observational study was conducted in eight HD facilities in Alsace, France, to identify clinical characteristics of HD patients with COVID-19 and to assess the determinants of the risk of death. METHODS: All HD patients tested positive for COVID-19 from 5 March to 28 April 2020 were included. Collected data included patient characteristics, clinical features at diagnosis, laboratory data, treatments and outcomes. RESULTS: Among 1346 HD patients, 123 tested positive for COVID-19. Patients had a median age of 77 years (interquartile range 66-83), with a high number of comorbidities (3.2 ± 1.6 per patient). Symptoms were compatible in 63% of patients. Asthenia (77%), diarrhoea (34%) and anorexia (32%) were frequent at diagnosis. The delay between the onset of symptoms and diagnosis, death or complete recovery was 2 (0-5), 7 (4-11) and 32 (26.5-35) days, respectively. Treatment, including lopinavir/ritonavir, hydroxychloroquine and corticosteroids, was administered in 23% of patients. The median C-reactive protein (CRP) and lymphocyte count at diagnosis was 55 mg/L (IQR 25-106) and 690 Ly/µL (IQR 450-960), respectively. The case fatality rate was 24% and determinants associated with the risk of death were body temperature {hazard ratio HR] 1.96 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.11-3.44]; P = 0.02} and CRP at diagnosis HR 1.01 (95% CI 1.005-1.017); P < 0.0001]. CONCLUSIONS: HD patients were found to be at high risk of developing COVID-19 and exhibited a high rate of mortality. While patients presented severe forms of the disease, they often displayed atypical symptoms, with the CRP level being highly associated with the risk of death. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of ERA-EDTA. All rights reserved.
32726724; Appropriate use of tocilizumab in COVID-19 infection	Keske,  Tekin,  S, et al	International Journal of Infectious Diseases	Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	This study aimed to describe the effectiveness and optimum use of tocilizumab (TCZ) treatment by the support of clinical, laboratory and radiologic observations. Earlier use of TCZ in COVID-19 infection was beneficial for survival, length of hospitalization and duration of oxygen support.
Comparison of the number of cardiovascular admissions before and after covid-19: Experience from Turkey	Khalil,  E,  Ozcan, et al	Acta Medica Mediterranea	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This study aimed to compare cardiovascular admissions before and after COVID-19 at the emergency department of secondary and tertiary centers in Turkey. Findings show that, compared to the same intervals in the last five years, a critical decline has occurred in the number of patients admitted to our emergency department with cardiovascular symptoms, acute heart failure, acute coronary syndrome, STEMI, while the number of diagnostic angiographies, peripheral endovascular interventions and cardiac surgeries were also decreased.
Perception, attitude, and practice towards covid-19 crisis: A web-based cross-sectional survey	Khan,  IMA,  Bhandari, et al	International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study aimed to understand the people’s thinking, apprehension, and reaction towards the pandemic. The ordinary citizen has painted a rather grim picture of the current crisis and has become mentally depressed due to the global situation, extreme health concerns, and loss of job or income opportunities.
Operate, cancel, postpone or select?: Results of a survey of vascular surgery centers during the COVID-19 pandemic in Austria	Klocker,  J,  Frech, et al	Gefasschirurgie	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	Regional centers performing vascular surgery in Austria (n = 15) were invited in mid-April 2020 by the Austrian Society of Vascular Surgery (ÖGG) to participate in a nationwide survey about implications of the COVID-19 pandemic. Changes in the daily routine due to the COVID-19 pandemic may have a long-term impact on health status and may show significant demographic and geographic variations.
The anxiety levels, quality of sleep and life and problem-solving skills in healthcare workers employed in COVID-19 services	Korkmaz,  S,  Kazgan, et al	Journal of Clinical Neuroscience	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This study aims to investigate the level of anxiety experienced by healthcare workers employed in COVID-19 services, the effects of anxiety on sleep quality and quality of life and, the relationship between these variables and problem-solving skills of the healthcare workers. Healthcare workers might develop psychiatric symptoms such as anxiety and sleep disturbance.
Monitoring and analysis of the recovery rate of Covid-19 positive cases to prevent dangerous stage using IoT and sensors	Kumar,  KR,  Iyapparaja, et al	International Journal of Pervasive Computing and Communications	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	This paper has used the well-known machine learning (ML) computational algorithm with Internet of Things (IoT) devices to predict the COVID-19 disease and to analyze the peak rate of the disease in the world. The data set and the proposed model yield good results and perform well with expected accuracy rate in the analysis and monitoring of the recovery rate of COVID-19.
Proposal of De Novo Antigen Test for COVID-19: Ultrasensitive Detection of Spike Proteins of SARS-CoV-2	Kyosei,  Y,  Namba, et al	Diagnostics	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	Authors propose a de novo antigen test for diagnosing COVID-19 using the combination of sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and thio-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (thio-NAD) cycling. This antigen test allows for rapid, cost-effective, specific, ultrasensitive, and simultaneous multiple measurements of SARS-CoV-2, and has broad application for the diagnosis for COVID-19.
The Protective Impact of Telemedicine on Persons With Dementia and Their Caregivers During the COVID-19 Pandemic	Lai,  FHY,  Yan, et al	American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	Authors evaluated whether supplementary telehealth via video-conferencing platforms could bring additional benefits to care-recipient with neurocognitive disorder (NCD) and their spousal caregivers at home. Telemedicine by video conference was associated with improved resilience and wellbeing to both people with NCD and their caregivers at home.
Predictors of healthy lifestyle in the covid-19 pandemic period in east Java, Indonesia	Laksono,  AD,  Ibad, et al	Journal of Critical Reviews	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The purpose of the study was to analyze the predictors of a healthy lifestyle in the COVID-19 pandemic period. The results found that respondents with the age group 31-40 were 2.792 times more likely than respondents with the age group ≤20 to behave often wearing a mask when leaving the house. Respondents with a work type entrepreneurship category are 0.479 times more likely than respondents with a public servant/army/police work type category to behave often wearing a mask when leaving the house. The older the respondent, the more likely it is to behave frequently to wash hands with soap. It was concluded that age groups and work types are predictors of two healthy lifestyles (wear a mask when leaving the house and wash hands with soap).
COVID and type 2 diabetes: National surveys in France and their analysis	Lalau,  JD	Medecine des Maladies Metaboliques	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	There is the fact, and the way it is perceived. Therefore, concerning the current COVID-19 pandemic, it is important to take patient testimony into consideration; to link the objective and the subjective. It is in that spirit that results of some surveys are presented here, to which a personal analysis is added. Some facts were expected, e.g. weight gain, diabetes disequilibrium, however, some facts are less expected after crossing data with age, socio-professional categories or geographic area. It is concluded with two issues: that of temporality, which has not yet deployed by force of circumstance, and that of distrust of different sources of information. © 2020 Elsevier Masson SAS
Glimpsing the Impact of COVID19 Lock-Down on People With Epilepsy: A Text Mining Approach	Lanzone,  J,  Cenci, et al	Frontiers in Neurology	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The objective of this study was to describe how the recent lock-down, related to SARS-COV-II outbreak in Italy, affected People With Epilepsy (PwE), we designed a survey focused on subjective reactions. PwoE developed reactive stress response to the restrictions enacted during lock-down. PwE, instead, chose words expressing sadness and concern with their disease.
Down's syndrome, breast cancer and COVID-19	Lara Álvarez,  MÁ,  Martín Marino, et al	Medicina Clinica Practica	Clinical data| Données cliniques	The incidence of cancer in children and adults with Down's syndrome has a clearly differentiated presentation pattern with a higher frequency of lymphomas and leukaemias and a lower frequency of solid tumours. The incidence of breast cancer has especially decreased. In our setting, COVID-19 mortality in cancer patients has greatly increased. We present the case of a patient with Down's syndrome, breast cancer and COVID-19. © 2020 The Author(s)
An exploratory study of the obstacles for achieving quality in distance learning during the covid-19 pandemic	Lassoued,  Z,  Alhendawi, et al	Education Sciences	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study aims to reveal the obstacles to achieving quality in distance learning during the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic and was based on a large sample of professors and students of universities in the Arab world (Algerian, Egyptian, Palestinian, and Iraqi).  The results indicate that the professors and students faced self-imposed obstacles, as well as pedagogical, technical, and financial or organizational obstacles.
Covid-19, digital media, and facebook: Interactions, treatment, and content analysis based on keywords of news on okdiario.com and eldiario.es	Lázaro-Rodríguez,  P	Profesional de la Informacion	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	An analysis of the news on Covid-19 published by okdiario.com and eldiario.es until the end of April 2020 is carried out considering interactions on Facebook (shares, comments, and reactions) as the consumption measure. The results obtained will be useful for people to decide which media outlet is more appropriate to address their information needs, at least in relation to the topic analyzed.
32673740; SARS-CoV-2 in patients on antiviral HBV and HCV therapy in Spain	Lens,  S,  Miquel, et al	Journal of hepatology	Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	We aimed to evaluate the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 in patientsunder‘active’antiviral therapy with tenofovir and DAAsconsidering thein vitroantiviral effect previously reported. Inthis multicenter study involving 12 centers in Spain (10 fromMadrid and Catalonia) we have retrospectively contacted andreviewed the clinical records of 341 patients with HCV infectionunder DAA therapy and 1,764 patients with HBV infection undertenofovir treatment between February and May 2020. Only 1patient under sofosbuvir/velpatasvir antiviral therapy and 8 pa-tients under tenofovir antiviral therapy had a confirmed PCRdiagnosis of SARS-CoV2. The latter would result in an overallCOVID-19 infection rate of 293 cases/100,000 patients receivingactive DAA therapy and 453 cases/100,000 patients undertenofovir treatment. Importantly, although 7 required hospitali-zation, none of the patients died due to COVID-19 disease. The small sample size and the potential bias regarding selection of patients with HBV and HCV infection prevents authors from drawing any conclusions about the incidence of COVID-19 in this cohort.
32879123; Knowledge, attitude, and practice survey regarding coronavirus disease 2019 among residents in Hunan Province	Li,  C,  Xu, et al	Zhong nan da xue xue bao.Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University.Medical sciences	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The objective of this study was to evaluate residents' knowledge, attitude and behavior towards coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Hunan Province, and to explore the factors influencing behaviors. Residents in Hunan Province have a good knowledge, attitude, and behavior to COVID-19.
The histopathological features of the explanted lungs from an end-stage COVID-19 patient	Li,  K,  Yu, et al	Forensic Sciences Research	Clinical data| Données cliniques	This study provides comprehensive histopathological features of end-stage COVID-19 and pathologic evidence of secondary PH as a complication of COVID-19.
32879109; Application of antibiotics in treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 in a designated hospital	Li,  W,  Zhang, et al	Zhong nan da xue xue bao.Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University.Medical sciences	Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	The objective of this study was to  explore the prescribing habits of doctors, and to provide basis for rational use of antibiotics in clinical practice via investigating and analyzing the applications of antibiotics in treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the designated hospital. Broad-spectrum, high-potency antibiotics are used at the beginning of COVID-19 treatment.
Momentum Distribution of SARS-CoV-2 Sequences on Variant Maps	Li,  X,  Z	Research Square prepub	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	Applying momentum measures and probability distributions, a visual scheme is proposed in this paper to transfer SARS-CoV-2 genomes to two distinct maps to be the A6 module of the MAS. Based on collected datasets of SARS-CoV-2 on different countries as examples, relevant characteristics and correlation of probability distributions are described. In visualization of two patterns under momentum measurement, there are two visual forms of Pattern 1 and Pattern 2. Two forms are generated from the same sequence on different focuses. Pattern 1 describes the momentum distribution of a segment accounting for whole genomes, and Pattern 2 visualizes the differences in momentum distributions on various segments.This is a new type of analysis measurement to explore complex connections and differences among sets of SARSCoV-2 genomes for their availability.
Computed optical spectra of SARS-CoV-2 proteins	Li,  Z,  Hirst, et al	Chemical Physics Letters	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	Treatment for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus that causes Covid-19, may well be predicated on knowledge of the structures of protein of this virus. However, often these cannot be determined easily or quickly. Herein, we provide calculated circular dichroism (CD) spectra in the far- and near-UV, and infra-red (IR) spectra in the amide I region for experimental structures and computational models of SARS-CoV-2 proteins. The near-UV CD spectra offer greatest sensitivity in assessing the accuracy of models. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.
TW-SIR: Time-window based SIR for COVID-19 forecasts	Liao,  Z,  L	Research Square prepub	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	Since the outbreak of COVID-19, many COVID-19 research studies have proposed different models for predicting trend of COVID-19. Among them, the prediction model based on mathematical epidemiology (SIR) is the most widely used, but most of these models are adapted in special situations based on various assumptions. In order to reflect the real-time trend of the epidemic in the process of infection for different areas, different policies and different epidemic diseases, a general adapted time- window based SIR model is proposed, which is characterized by introducing a time window mechanism for dynamic data analysis and using machine learning method predicts the Basic reproduction number R0 and the exponential growth rate of the epidemic. Multiple data sets of epidemic diseases are analyzed, and the numerical results showed that the framework can effectively measure the real-time changes of the parameters during the epidemic, and error rate of predicting the number of COVID-19 infections in a single day is within 5%
Adverse impact of renin-angiotensin system blockade on the clinical course in hospitalized patients with severe COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study	Lim,  -H J,  C	Research Square prepub	Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	Authors investigated the association between angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE-I) or angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) and the risk of mortality in hospitalized severe COVID-19 patients. Discontinuation of ACE-I or ARB in patients with more severe COVID-19 was not associated with improvement of mortality.
Investigating mediated effects of fear of COVID-19 and COVID-19 misunderstanding in the association between problematic social media use, psychological distress, and insomnia	Lin,  CY,  Broström, et al	Internet Interventions	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study thus examined potential psychopathology to explain the association between problematic social media use, psychological distress, and insomnia. Due to the pressure of the COVID-19 outbreak, individuals are highly likely to develop psychological distress and insomnia
Covid-19 control strategies in taizhou city, china	Lin,  H,  Guo, et al	Bulletin of the World Health Organization	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	Authors set out to examine the organization the emergency responses, the government of Taizhou established on 23 January 2020 novel headquarters for prevention and control of the COVID-19 outbreak, by coordinating different governmental agencies in China. Identifying and managing imported cases and people at risk for infection, timely information sharing, limiting gatherings and ensuring collaborations between different agencies were important in controlling COVID-19.
Development and initial psychometric properties of a panic buying scale during COVID-19 pandemic	Lins,  S,  Aquino, et al	Heliyon	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique Economics | Économie	Panic buying occurs when fear and panic influence behavior leading people to buy more things than usual.  Results revealed that men buy more by panic than women. Panic Buying Scale (PBS) also was positively correlated with impulse buying, past and future temporal focus, and risk perception; as well as negatively correlated with optimism and age. Authors developed an instrument to understand the  psychosocial phenomena associated with consumer behaviour.
Observing Variations of Differences on COVID-19 in Varous Regions Extracting Type and Mutation Information	Liu,  J,  Z	Research Square prepub	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	Covid-19 genomes were collected from three regions: Shanghai-China, Tbilisi-Georgia and Sydney-Australia. Five similar genomes were selected from each region for research in this paper. Applying the "datum gene sequence" method proposed, our results show that variation is immense in the Sydney-Australia region, followed by variation in the Tbilisi-Georgia region, which has a minimal value in the Shanghai-China region.
32871990; A child infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 presenting with diarrhea without fever and cough: A case report	Liu,  Q,  Zhang, et al	Medicine	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Authors discuss the case of a 23-month-old boy presented with a 2-day history of diarrhea. Chest computed tomography scan showed pneumonia. COVID-19 was confirmed 5 days later. This case study suggests that diarrhea not explained by common causes, such as acute gastroenteritis, could be a preliminary symptom of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children.
Analysis SARS-CoV-2 Genomes of G20 Areas on Phylogeny Tree, t-SNE based on Machine Learning	Liu,  R,  Q	Research Square prepub	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	The new coronavirus disease (COVID-19) broke out earlier in Wuhan, and the plague spread rapidly from multiple resources of different countries. COVID-19 has caused millions of diagnosed people worldwide, causing many deaths and posing a severe threat to public health in countries around the world. Facing this urgent situation, in-depth research on the emerging SARS-CoV-2 to understand the related pathogenic mechanism and epidemiological characteristics is urgent. This type of activity would be useful to determine its origin to formulate effective prevention and treatment strategies for affected patients. This paper adopts t-SNE based on machine learning to draw a phylogenetic tree from collected genomic sequences to analyze G20 countries’ samples. The phylogenetic tree of the generating mechanism was described, and intermediate results were illustrated. The results of this research showed that viruses in many countries have similar or similar relationships among the gene sequences.
32863017; Personal protective equipment during tracheal intubation in patients with COVID-19 in China: a cross-sectional survey	Liu,  Z,  Wu, et al	British journal of anaesthesia	Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI)	This study aimed to evaluate the protective efficiency of different levels of PPE and make suggestions for the minimum PPE level required during tracheal intubation. Findings suggest that N95 mask respirator, eye goggles, face shield, and protective clothing are indispensable during tracheal intubation.
32871886; Investigation of dry eye symptoms of medical staffs working in hospital during 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak	Long,  Y,  Wang, et al	Medicine	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	The aim of this study was to survey the prevalence of dry eye symptoms (DES) among doctors and nurses in the period of 2019, novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak.To evaluate the DES of doctors and nurses worked at front-line hospitals with protective glasses for a mean time of 4 to 6 hours, a questionnaire developed by the researchers with the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) was used. These data were evaluated using descriptive statistics and correlation test with SPSS 22.0.The study included 13 doctors and 40 nurses, among which 16 were male and 37 were female, and the mean age of the participants was 32.43 ± 5.15 years old. According to the OSDI scores, 64.15, 24.52, 7.54, and 3.77% of the participants experienced occasional, mild, moderate, and severe DES, respectively. The factors significantly correlated with OSDI scores were age and duration of wearing protective glasses, while the duration of wearing protective glasses may be a protective factor of dry eye symptoms.Our study showed that most of the doctors and nurses worked at the front-line of combating COVID-19 did not experience DES, while the symptoms of those who experienced DES might be improved by wearing protective glasses.
Classification and Specific Primer Design for Accurate Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Using Deep Learning	Lopez-Rincon,  Alejandro,  Tonda, et al	bioRxiv	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	In this paper, deep learning is coupled with explainable artificial intelligence techniques for the discovery of representative genomic sequences in SARS-CoV-2. A convolutional neural network classifier is first trained on 553 sequences from available repositories, separating the genome of different virus strains from the Coronavirus family with considerable accuracy. The network's behavior is then analyzed, to discover sequences used by the model to identify SARS-CoV-2, ultimately uncovering sequences exclusive to it. The discovered sequences are first validated on samples from other repositories, and proven able to separate SARS-CoV-2 from different virus strains with near-perfect accuracy. Next, one of the sequences is selected to generate a primer set, and tested against other state-of-the-art primer sets on existing datasets, obtaining competitive results. Finally, the primer is synthesized and tested on patient samples (n=6 previously tested positive), delivering a sensibility similar to routine diagnostic methods, and 100% specificity. In this paper, deep learning is coupled with explainable artificial intelligence techniques for the discovery of representative genomic sequences in SARS-CoV-2. A convolutional neural network classifier is first trained on 553 sequences from NGDC, separating the genome of different virus strains from the Coronavirus family with accuracy 98.73%. The network's behavior is then analyzed, to discover sequences used by the model to identify SARS-CoV-2, ultimately uncovering sequences exclusive to it. The discovered sequences are validated on samples from NCBI and GISAID, and proven able to separate SARS-CoV-2 from different virus strains with near-perfect accuracy. Next, one of the sequences is selected to generate a primer set, and tested against other state-of-the-art primer sets, obtaining competitive results. Finally, the primer is synthesized and tested on patient samples (n=6 previously tested positive), delivering a sensibility similar to routine diagnostic methods, and 100% specificity. The proposed methodology has a substantial added value over existing methods, as it is able to both identify promising primer sets for a virus from a limited amount of data, and deliver effective results in a minimal amount of time. Considering the possibility of future pandemics, these characteristics are invaluable to promptly create specific detection methods for diagnostics.Competing Interest StatementThe authors have declared no competing interest.
Impact of covid-19 on ophthalmology consultations: Survey among 35 ophthalmologists	Louaya,  S,  Moustaine, et al	Pan African Medical Journal	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	From an epidemic in December to a global pandemic in early March, COVID-19 arrived on Moroccan soil on March 2nd and ophthalmology consultations decreased considerably. The majority of ophthalmologists come to the fore to ensure continuity of care and emergency care following health regulations. We developed a questionnaire to collect information on the general approach of 35 ophthalmologists regarding the impact of COVID-19 on consultation activities. The results of the survey objectified that 88.57% of the ophthalmologists surveyed maintained their consultation activities; ¾ of them only treated urgent cases or patients whose condition required undelayed management. The majority of ophthalmologists reported a decrease in consultations of at least 90% compared to their standard workflow. Active ophthalmologists believe that the risk of being infected or infecting their patients and others ranges from medium to high in the majority of cases despite protective barrier gestures. © Shamil Louaya et al.
Deep Neural Network Analysis of Clinical Variables Predicts Escalated Care in COVID-19 Patients	Lu,  J,  M	Research Square prepub	Clinical data| Données cliniques Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This study sought to identify the most important clinical variables that can be used to determine which COVID-19 patients will need escalated care early on using deep-learning neural networks. Analysis was performed on hospitalized COVID-19 patients between February 7, 2020 and May 4, 2020 in Stony Brook Hospital. Demographics, comorbidities, laboratory tests, vital signs, and blood gases were collected. We compared data obtained at the time in emergency department and the time of intensive care unit (ICU) upgrade of: i) COVID-19 patients admitted to the general floor (N=1203) versus those directly admitted to ICU (N=104), and ii) patients not upgraded to ICU (N=979) versus those upgraded to the ICU (N=224) from the general floor. A deep neural network algorithm was used to predict ICU admission, with 80% training and 20% testing. Prediction performance used area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic analysis (ROC). We found that C-reactive protein, lactate dehydrogenase, creatinine, white-blood cell count, D-dimer, and lymphocyte count showed temporal divergence between patients were upgraded to ICU compared to those were not. The deep learning predictive model ranked essentially the same set of laboratory variables to be important predictors of needing ICU care. The AUC for predicting ICU admission was 0.782±0.013 for the test dataset. Adding vital sign and blood-gas data improved AUC (0.861±0.018). This study identified a few laboratory tests that were predictive of escalated care. This work could help frontline physicians to anticipate downstream ICU needs to more effectively allocate healthcare resources.
Real-time conformational dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 spikes on virus particles	Lu,  Maolin,  Uchil, et al	bioRxiv	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) mediates entry into cells and is critical for vaccine development against COVID-19. S is synthesized as a precursor, processed into S1 and S2 by furin proteases, and activated for fusion when human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE2) engages the receptor-binding domain (RBD) and when the N-terminus of S2 is proteolytically processed. Structures of soluble ectodomains and native virus particles have revealed distinct conformations of S, including a closed trimer with all RBD oriented downward, trimers with one or two RBDs up, and hACE2-stabilized conformations with up to three RBD oriented up. Real-time information that connects these structures, however, has been lacking. Here we apply single-molecule Forster Resonance Energy Transfer (smFRET) imaging to observe conformational dynamics of S on virus particles. Virus-associated S dynamically samples at least four distinct conformational states. In response to hACE2, S opens into the hACE2-bound S conformation through at least one on-path intermediate, with trypsin partially activating S. Conformational preferences of convalescent patient plasma and monoclonal antibodies suggest mechanisms of neutralization involving either direct competition with hACE2 for binding to RBD or allosteric interference with conformational changes required for entry. Our findings inform on mechanisms of S recognition and on conformations for immunogen design.Competing Interest StatementThe authors have declared no competing interest.
A machine learning based forecast model for the COVID-19 pandemic and investigation of the impact of government intervention on COVID-19 transmission in China	Lu,  X,  Y	Research Square prepub	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has killed over 0.3 million people, disrupted people’s normal lives, and severely restricted economic activities globally. In this work, a model for the next-day COVID-19 prediction in China was built based on the ensemble back-propagation neural network machine learning technique, Baidu migration index, internal travel flow index, and confirmed cases from the previous days. The 10-fold cross-validation results showed that the model performs well in estimating the next-day confirmed cases with a correlation coefficient of 0.97. To investigate the impacts of government interventions on the spread of this new coronavirus infection, the Baidu migration index and internal travel flow index multiplied by a factor of two were input into the trained machine learning model, and the results showed that the confirmed cases in the analyzed cities would increase dramatically. The correlation between the daily new confirmed cases and some meteorological factors were also analyzed, and the results revealed that these factors are not dominant in influencing the spread of this disease. Overall, the results of this work suggest that besides early diagnosis and medical treatment, a city lockdown policy is one of the most effective methods in suppressing the rapid spread of COVID-19.
32795482; Circulating levels of GDF-15 and calprotectin for prediction of in-hospital mortality in COVID-19 patients: A case series	Luis García de Guadiana,  Romualdo,  Mulero, et al	Journal of Infection	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	This study aimed to explore a potential role of calprotectin and GDF-15 for prediction of in-hospital mortality in a cohort of COVID-19 patients admitted to Santa Lucia University Hospital (Cartagena, Spain). Results showed that circulating levels of these two emerging inflammatory biomarkers are significantly higher in COVID-19 patients who died, suggesting a potential role in the evaluation of prognosis in these patients.
32879111; Epidemic features of coronavirus disease 2019 in Henan Province	Ma,  Q,  Li, et al	Zhong nan da xue xue bao.Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University.Medical sciences	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	目的: 分析河南省2019冠状病毒病(coronavirus disease 2019，COVID-19)的区域流行病学特征。方法: 利用河南省COVID-19患者数据，结合河南省2018年末常住人口数，统计描述与分析河南省COVID-19流行的时间分布、人群分布、地区分布等流行病学特征。结果: 截至2020年3月9日，河南省COVID-19累积发病率为1.32/ 10万，治愈率为98.03%，病死率为1.73%。发病曲线显示：疫情于2020年1月24日至28日达到流行峰，高发区为信阳，标准化累积发病率达4.36/10万。河南省COVID-19患者中，女580例(45.60%)，男688例(54.09%)，男发病率为1.41/10万，女发病率为1.23/10万。河南省COVID-19高发年龄段为20~69岁(88.68%)，30~39岁男性发病率最高(2.51/10万)；发病率最低的人群是0~9岁女性(0.16/10万)。河南省本土患者1 225例(96.31%)。乡村患者(45.73%)稍高于城镇患者(44.02%)。63.60%的患者曾有湖北旅居史或接触湖北返/来豫人员。有家属患病的患者占32.70%。全局空间自相关分析提示：河南省COVID-19患者的空间分布存在正向相关性(Moran’s I=0.248，Z=2.955，P<0.01)。结论: 河南省各地区COVID-19发病与死亡情况有所不同，疫情于1月24日至28日达到流行峰，男发病率高于女，以本地患者、有湖北接触史患者为主，空间上表现为中等程度聚集。. OBJECTIVES: To analyze the regional epidemic features of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Henan Province, China. METHODS: According to the data of COVID-19 patients and the resident population at the end of 2018 in Henan Province, statistical description and analysis of epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 in Henan Province were conducted, including the time distribution, population distribution, and regional distribution. RESULTS: The cumulative incidence of COVID-19 in Henan Province was 1.32/100 000, the cure rate was 98.03%, and the fatality rate was 1.73% by March 9, 2020. The incidence curve showed that the epidemic peak reached from January 24 to January 28. The high-incidence area was Xinyang, with a standardized cumulative incidence rate of 4.36/100 000. There were 580 female COVID-19 patients (45.60%), 688 males (54.09%) in Henan Province. The incidence of males was 1.41/100 000, while the incidence of females was 1.23/100 000. The age with the highest incidence of COVID-19 in Henan Province was 20-69 years old (88.68%). The incidence rate was highest in men aged 30-39 (2.51/ 100 000), while the lowest rate in women aged 0-9 (0.16/100 000). There were 1 225 local patients (96.31%), and the rural patients (45.73%) were slightly higher than the urban patients (44.02%) in Henan Province. A total of 63.60% patients had traveled or lived in Hubei or contacted with people who came from Hubei to Henan. The proportion of patients whose family members suffered from COVID-19 was 32.70%. Global spatial autocorrelation analysis suggested that there was a statistically significant positive correlation in the spatial distribution of COVID-19 patients in Henan Province (Moran's I=0.248, Z=2.955, P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: There are differences in the morbidity and mortality of COVID-19 patients in different areas of Henan Province, with epidemic peak reaching from January 24 to January 28. Henan is dominated by local patients, male patients, and patients with contact history in Hubei. The space appears to be moderately clustered.
Improve Nurses’ Engagement of Public Sector Hospitals in pandemic of COVID-19 through Authentic Leadership: Mediating role of Moral Emotions and Moderating role of Perceived Coronavirus Threat	Malik,  MF,  K	Research Square prepub	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	Background: The study highlighted the issue of the engagement of nurses in the public hospital sector. Objectives: The objective of the current study was to determine the impact of authentic leadership on the engagement of nurses in the mediating role of moral emotions. The perceived threat of coronavirus was considered to be a boundary condition of the relationship. Design Method: The study was conducted in accordance with the Positivism Research Philosophy Guidelines, followed by a deductive approach and data was collected through self-directed questionnaires. 134 responses were collected from nurses working in various public sector hospitals operating in twin cities in Pakistan, in particular public sector hospitals where coronavirus patients are being treated. There are 277,402 confirmed cases of Coronavirus, being treated in 11 designation hospitals in twin cities of Pakistan. Results: The result was produced with the help of Amos. Path diagrams for mediation and moderation hypotheses were obtained and interpreted accordingly. The results showed that compassionate individuals were selfless even in the Covid-19 pandemic. Elevation and gratitude as a moral emotion have a more serious effect on the perceived threat to coronavirus. Conclusion: In the current scenario, the organization should identify the nursing staff with full compassion as it has been identified that the compassionate individual performs his or her duties even in the worst situation or during the Covid-19 pandemic. What is already known about the topic? Authentic Leadership are having the potential to influence their followers through personal and organizational Identification and then effect their cognitions. What this paper adds: The current study add novelty and expanded the knowledge about authentic leadership and theory of authentic leadership since it add: · Perceived coronavirus threat as boundary condition · Moral Emotions · Engagement
The first COVID-19 infanticide-suicide case: Financial crisis and fear of COVID-19 infection are the causative factors	Mamun,  MA,  Bhuiyan, et al	Asian Journal of Psychiatry	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	Background: The global suicide occurrences have been aggravated because of COVID-19 crisis-related issues such as fear of infection, the financial crisis, being infected with COVID-19, loneliness, social boycott, etc. Although two studies reported about the seven dyadic suicidality cases (i.e., suicide pacts), child homicide-suicide has not been studied. Case presentation: On 14 May, two dead bodies (i.e., a 30-years old Indian woman and her six-month-old baby) were found in a Riyadh apartment complex. The perpetrator (a person who kills the others and later commits suicide) – a trained nurse, was in search of a job. The woman's husband was recently retrenched from his technician job at a company in Madinah Airport. Her husband was admitted to a hospital with symptoms related to the COVID-19 infection four days before the suicide incidence. The 70-year-old mother-in-law alerted the neighbors after finding that the apartment is locked from inside and there was no response on knocking the doors. After this, the neighbors gathered and called the police. Police found two dead-bodies after opening the flat and suspected that the child was killed before the woman committed suicide. Conclusions: Based on the present findings, further child filicide-suicide possibilities in families with economically distressed and/or positive COVID-19 status are expected. Hence, proper financial supports, providing authentic information (COVID-19), and mental health promotional strategies are suggested for decreasing incidences of COVID-19 related infanticide-suicide cases. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.
Understanding COVID-19: A hypothesis regarding digit ratio (2D:4D), ACE I/D polymorphism, oxygen metabolism and national case fatality rates	Manning,  JT,  Fink, et al	Early human development	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	Objective: Male digit ratio (2D:4D) correlates positively with the national case fatality rate (CFR) for COVID-19. The severity of COVID-19 may be influenced by a counterbalance between the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). SARS-CoV2 cleaves with ACE2 and enters cells leaving an unopposed effect of ACE in the lungs. Both 2D:4D and the ACE I/D polymorphism are covariates of oxygen metabolism. COVID-19 leads to lung damage and a reduction in oxygen saturation of the blood. Here, we examine the interrelationships between 2D:4D, ACE polymorphism, and COVID-19 CFR. Methods: National frequencies/rates were obtained for 2D:4D from the BBC Internet study (n = 41), published values of ACE I/II (n = 39), and COVID-19 CFR from three World Health Organization situation reports (n = 41). Results: 2D:4D was negatively associated with national ACE I/II frequencies. However, there was a positive relationship between male 2D:4D and CFR (right and left 2D:4D, two, and three situation reports respectively). The relationships between ACE I/II and CFR were non-significant. Relationships between male 2D:4D and CFR's were independent of female 2D:4D and ACE I/II. Conclusions: The ACE I/D polymorphism may influence 2D:4D such that ACE II individuals have lower 2D:4D than ACE DD individuals. Low 2D:4D and ACE II individuals show efficient oxygen metabolism. Therefore, low 2D:4D and ACE II together may protect against COVID-19 severity. The sex-dependent positive correlation between male 2D:4D and CFR is independent of ACE I/II, suggesting that the sex-dependent variation in the ACE2 gene may also influence the 2D:4D phenotype. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.
Impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the recovery of peripheral blood mononuclear cells by density gradient	Manunta,  MDI,  L	Research Square prepub	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	SARS-CoV-2 virus infection is responsible for coronavirus disease (COVID-19), which is characterised by a hyperinflammatory response that plays a major role in determining the respiratory and immune-mediated complications of this condition. While isolating peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from whole blood of COVID-19 patients by density gradient centrifugation, we noticed some changes in the floating properties and in the sedimentation of the cells on density medium. Investigating this further, we found that in early phase COVID-19 patients, characterised by reduced circulating lymphocytes and monocytes, the PBMC fraction contained surprisingly high levels of neutrophils. Furthermore, the neutrophil population exhibited alterations in the cell size and in the internal complexity, consistent with the presence of low density neutrophils (LDNs) and immature forms which may explain the shift seen in the floating abilities and that may be predictive of the severity of the disease. The percentage of this subset of neutrophils found in the PBMC band was rather spread (35.4±27.2%, with a median 28.8% and IQR 11.6-56.1, Welch’s t-test early phase COVID-19 versus blood donor healthy controls P<0.0001). Results confirm the presence of an increased number of LDNs in patients with early stage COVID-19, which correlates with disease severity and may be recovered by centrifugation on a density gradient together with PBMCs.
32879110; Epidemic features of coronavirus disease 2019 in Hunan Province	Mao,  Y,  Zeng, et al	Zhong nan da xue xue bao.Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University.Medical sciences	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	目的: 通过对湖南省2020年1月21日至3月14日期间的2019冠状病毒病(coronavirus disease 2019，COVID-19)的流行情况进行总结和分析，了解湖南省各城市COVID-19疫情的流行情况。方法: 从湖南省卫生健康委员会官方网站获取全湖南省各城市的COVID-19疫情数据，分析湖南省各城市疾病流行情况，并利用ArcGIS软件绘制湖南省各城市确诊患者数及发病率的空间分布地图，并将部分指标与全国情况进行对比。结果: 湖南省1月21日出现首例确诊患者，于2月17日前后达到增长平台期。截至2020年3月14日，湖南省累计发病患者为1 018例，累计发病率为0.48/10万，累计重症患者150例，累计死亡患者4例。湖南省COVID-19病死率(0.39%)显著低于全国(湖北省除外)平均病死率(0.90%)，治愈率(99.6%)高于全国(湖北省除外)平均治愈率(96.2%)。确诊患者数排前3位的城市依次为长沙、岳阳和邵阳；发病率最高的前3位城市依次为长沙、岳阳和株洲。结论: 湖南省COVID-19疫情进展相对平稳。各城市根据自身情况落实防控政策，基本将疫情稳定在可控范围内。. OBJECTIVES: To explore and analyze the epidemic features of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Hunan Province from January 21, 2020 to March 14, 2020, as well as to investigate the COVID-19 epidemics in each city of Hunan Province. METHODS: The epidemic data was obtained from the official website of Hunan Province's Health Commission. The data of each city of Hunan Province was analyzed separately. Spatial distribution of cumulative confirmed COVID-19 patients and the cumulative occurrence rate was drawn by ArcGIS software for each city in Hunan Province. Some regional indexes were also compared with that in the whole country. RESULTS: The first patient was diagnosed in January 21, sustained patient growth reached its plateau in around February 17. Up to March 14, the cumulative confirmed COVID-19 patients stopped at 1 018. The cumulative occurrence rate of COVID-19 patients was 0.48 per 0.1 million person. The number of cumulative severe patients was 150 and the number of cumulative dead patients was 4. The mortality rate (0.39%) and the cure rate (99.6%) in Hunan Province was significantly lower and higher respectively than the corresponding average rate in the whole country (0.90% and 96.2%, Hubei excluded). The first 3 cities in numbers of the confirmed patients were Changsha, Yueyang, and Shaoyang. While sorted by the cumulative occurrence rate, the first 3 cities in incidence were Changsha, Yueyang, and Zhuzhou. CONCLUSIONS: The epidemic of COVID-19 spread out smoothly in Hunan Province. The cities in Hunan Province implement anti-disease strategies based on specific situations on their own and keep the epidemic in the range of controllable.
32876020; Do We Really Know How Much the Covid-19 Pandemic Affected the Surgical Practice in Northern Italy? A Multi-Center Comparative Study and Cost Analysis	Mari,  G,  Giordano, et al	Chirurgia (Bucharest, Romania : 1990)	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	Background: The Covid-19 pandemic in Northern Italy has slowed down the clinical surgical activity. A system of hub and spoke hospitals was set up to take care of oncological patients with the consequent almost complete abolition of the elective surgical activity for non-oncological pathologies. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the surgical volumes of 4 different non academic general hospitals in Lombardy belonging to 4 different provinces. The quarter March April May 2019 was compared with the same period of 2020. All different procedures were listed. The cost analysis was performed using the DRG system. Results: In the four hospitals involved the surgical procedures reduced from 1903 to 350 with a drop of the 81.6%. Procedures for cancer from 403 to 161 with a drop of 60.1%. Procedures for benign disease from 1310 to 118 with a drop of the 91%. Emergencies from 190 to 71 with a drop of the 62.6%. State refund for the procedures performed from 6.708.023 to 1.678.154 with a drop of 75%. Conclusions: Elective surgery was dramatically impaired by the Covid-19 pandemic. Above all procedures for non oncological and non urgent patients were particularly affected. In view of a possible second wave of the pandemic, the surgical planning must select patients not only on onco logical criteria but rather on clinical ones. An ad hoc hub and spoke hospitals pathway has to be implemented for benign surgical diseases by whoever is facing the Covid pandemic at its spike. Celsius.
Automated medical diagnosis of COVID-19 through EfficientNet convolutional neural network	Marques,  G,  Agarwal, et al	Applied Soft Computing Journal	Clinical data| Données cliniques Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	COVID-19 infection was reported in December 2019 at Wuhan, China. This virus critically affects several countries such as the USA, Brazil, India and Italy. Numerous research units are working at their higher level of effort to develop novel methods to prevent and control this pandemic scenario. The main objective of this paper is to propose a medical decision support system using the implementation of a convolutional neural network (CNN). This CNN has been developed using EfficientNet architecture. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, there is no similar study that proposes an automated method for COVID-19 diagnosis using EfficientNet. Therefore, the main contribution is to present the results of a CNN developed using EfficientNet and 10-fold stratified cross-validation. This paper presents two main experiments. First, the binary classification results using images from COVID-19 patients and normal patients are shown. Second, the multi-class results using images from COVID-19, pneumonia and normal patients are discussed. The results show average accuracy values for binary and multi-class of 99.62% and 96.70%, respectively. On the one hand, the proposed CNN model using EfficientNet presents an average recall value of 99.63% and 96.69% concerning binary and multi-class, respectively. On the other hand, 99.64% is the average precision value reported by binary classification, and 97.54% is presented in multi-class. Finally, the average F1-score for multi-class is 97.11%, and 99.62% is presented for binary classification. In conclusion, the proposed architecture can provide an automated medical diagnostics system to support healthcare specialists for enhanced decision making during this pandemic scenario. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.
32876321; Long-term forecasts of the COVID-19 epidemic: a dangerous idea	Martinez,  EZ,  Aragon, et al	Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	INTRODUCTION: Mathematical models have been used to obtain long-term forecasts of the COVID-19 epidemic. METHODS: The daily COVID-19 case count in two Brazilian states was used to show the potential limitations of long-term forecasting through the application of a mathematical model to the data. RESULTS: The predicted number of cases at the end of the epidemic and at the moment that the peak occurs, is highly dependent on the length of the time series used in the predictive model. CONCLUSIONS: Predictions obtained during the course of the COVID-19 pandemic need to be viewed with caution.
Keeps Me Awake at Night: The Potential of the COVID-19 Pandemic to Affect Sleep Quality Among Sexual Minority Men in the U.S.A	Millar,  BM,  Adebayo, et al	Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	Sleep health, a crucial component and predictor of physical and mental health, has likely been adversely impacted by the stress and disruption wrought by the COVID-19 pandemic. This brief report sought to assess self-reported sleep quality among sexual minority men across the United States in the early months of the pandemic. In a cross-sectional online survey of a racially diverse sample of 477 sexual minority men (mean age = 41.2 years; range = 18-75 years) recruited from popular geosocial networking apps in early May 2020, participants reported on their recent experiences regarding sleep and mental health (anxiety, depression, and pessimistic repetitive future thinking). Almost 75% endorsed some level of restless sleep in the past week, 203 (42.6%) reported worse-than-usual sleep quality since the pandemic, and 77 (16.1%) reported sleeping longer than usual but not feeling better rested. Furthermore, of the 280 reporting worse-than-usual sleep or feeling not rested, almost 85% reported that worry about the pandemic had been contributing to their troubles with falling or staying asleep. Rates of worsened sleep were highest among those whose financial situation had been adversely affected and those not in full-time employment, whereas restless sleep was highest among those in the Northeast region of the United States, which, during the study's time frame of late April and early May 2020, was the most severely affected by the pandemic. Greater emotional distress was associated with each sleep variable. Addressing and improving sleep health is critical to overall health and requires particular attention during the COVID-19 pandemic. © 2020 American Psychological Association.
Is a COVID-19 second wave possible in Emilia-Romagna (Italy)? Forecasting a future outbreak with particulate pollution and machine learning	Mirri,  S,  Delnevo, et al	Computation	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	The Nobel laureate Niels Bohr once said that: "Predictions are very difficult, especially if they are about the future". Nonetheless, models that can forecast future COVID-19 outbreaks are receiving special attention by policymakers and health authorities, with the aim of putting in place control measures before the infections begin to increase. Nonetheless, two main problems emerge. First, there is no a general agreement on which kind of data should be registered for judging on the resurgence of the virus (e.g., infections, deaths, percentage of hospitalizations, reports from clinicians, signals from social media). Not only this, but all these data also suffer from common defects, linked to their reporting delays and to the uncertainties in the collection process. Second, the complex nature of COVID-19 outbreaks makes it difficult to understand if traditional epidemiological models, such as susceptible, infectious, or recovered (SIR), are more effective for a timely prediction of an outbreak than alternative computational models. Well aware of the complexity of this forecasting problem, we propose here an innovative metric for predicting COVID-19 diffusion based on the hypothesis that a relation exists between the spread of the virus and the presence in the air of particulate pollutants, such as PM2.5, PM10, and NO2. Drawing on the recent assumption of 239 experts who claimed that this virus can be airborne, and further considering that particulate matter may favor this airborne route, we developed a machine learning (ML) model that has been instructed with: (i) all the COVID-19 infections that occurred in the Italian region of Emilia-Romagna, one of the most polluted areas in Europe, in the period of February-July 2020, (ii) the daily values of all the particulates taken in the same period and in the same region, and finally (iii) the chronology according to which restrictions were imposed by the Italian Government to human activities. Our ML model was then subjected to a classic ten-fold cross-validation procedure that returned a promising 90% accuracy value. Finally, the model was used to predict a possible resurgence of the virus in all the nine provinces of Emilia-Romagna, in the period of September-December 2020. To make those predictions, input to our ML model were the daily measurements of the aforementioned pollutants registered in the periods of September-December 2017/2018/2019, along with the hypothesis that the mild containment measures taken in Italy in the so-called Phase 3 are obeyed. At the time we write this article, we cannot have a confirmation of the precision of our predictions. Nevertheless, we are projecting a scenario based on an original hypothesis that makes our COVID-19 prediction model unique in the world. Its accuracy will be soon judged by history-and this, too, is science at the service of society. © 2020 by the authors.
32879103; Predictive role of clinical features in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 for severe disease	Mo,  J,  Liu, et al	Zhong nan da xue xue bao.Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University.Medical sciences	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	目的: 2019冠状病毒病(coronavirus disease 2019，COVID-19)疫情暴发以来，已在中国和其他许多国家迅速传播，病例数量的急剧增加引起了人们的普遍恐慌，已成为目前全球主要的公共卫生问题。重症患者多在发病1周后出现呼吸困难和/或低氧血症，少数危重症患者不仅可能迅速发展为急性呼吸窘迫综合征，还可能引起凝血功能障碍，以及心、肝、肾等多器官功能衰竭甚至死亡。本研究通过分析COVID-19患者临床特征对重症化的预测作用，旨在为临床医师监测患者临床特征相关变化，阻止疾病进展，提高该病的医疗救治水平提供参考依据。方法: 收集2020年1月17日至3月14日在长沙市公共卫生救治中心集中收治的208例入院时为轻型和普通型的成人COVID-19患者的临床资料，其中男105例，女103例，年龄19~84(中位年龄44)岁。按照国家卫生健康委员会办公厅和国家中医药管理局办公室印发的《新型冠状病毒肺炎诊疗方案(试行第七版)》作为诊断和分型标准。根据住院期间是否进展至重症，将患者分为轻症组(n=183)和重症转化组(n=25)，对患者的年龄、基础疾病、入院时血常规、凝血功能、血生化、氧合指数等临床特征进行比较和分析，其中实验室检查包括：白细胞(white blood cell，WBC)、淋巴细胞(lymphocytes，LYM)、中性粒细胞(neutrophil，NEU)、血红蛋白(hemoglobin，Hb)、血小板(platelet，PLT)、凝血酶原时间(prothrombin time，PT)、血浆纤维蛋白原(plasma fibrinogen，Fib)、活化部分凝血酶原时间(activated partial prothrombin time，APTT)、凝血酶时间(thrombin time，TT)、D-二聚体(D-dimer)、总胆红素(total bilirubin，TBIL)、白蛋白(albumin，ALB)、谷丙转氨酶(alanine aminotransferase，ALT)、谷草转氨酶(aspartate aminotransferase，AST)、血尿素氮(blood urea nitrogen，BUN)、血肌酐(serum creatinine，Cr)、肌酸激酶(creatine kinase，CK)、肌酸激酶同工酶-MB(creatine kinase isoenzyme-MB，CK-MB)、乳酸脱氢酶(lactate dehydrogenase，LDH)、C反应蛋白(C-reactive protein，CRP)及动脉血氧分压。计算氧合指数(partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood/fractional concentration of inspiratory oxygen，PaO2/FiO2)。对有统计学意义的变量进行logistic回归分析。结果: 重症转化组较轻症组患者合并的基础疾病更多(P<0.05)；从疾病分布来看，重症转化组合并高血压病更多(P<0.05)。重症转化组较轻症组PT延长，Fib，ALT，AST，CK，LDH及CRP水平显著升高(P<0.05或P<0.001)，LYM，ALB及PaO2/FiO2显著降低(P<0.05或 P<0.001)。以差异有统计学意义的临床特征，即合并高血压病，LYM，PT，Fib，ALB，ALT，AST，CK，LDH及CRP为自变量，以是否重症化为因变量，进行logistic回归分析，结果显示合并高血压病、LYM降低、PT延长、CK升高是影响COVID-19患者发生重症化的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论: 轻症COVID-19患者的重症化可能与合并高血压病、LYM降低、PT延长、CK升高有关，针对有这些临床特征的轻症患者及早进行干预，可能有效阻止疾病进展至重症化，提高疾病的治愈率。. OBJECTIVES: Since the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), it has spread rapidly in China and many other countries. The rapid increase in the number of cases has caused widespread panic among people and has become the main public health problem in the world. Severe patients often have difficult breathing and/or hypoxemia after 1 week of onset. A few critically ill patients may not only rapidly develop into acute respiratory distress syndrome, but also may cause coagulopathy, as well as multiple organs failure (such as heart, liver and kidney) or even death. This article is to analyze the predictive role of clinical features in patients with COVID-19 for severe disease, so as to help doctor monitor the severity-related features, restrain the disease progress, and provide a reference for improvement of medical treatment. METHODS: The clinical data of 208 patients with COVID-19 who were isolated and treated in Changsha Public Health Treatment Center from January 17, 2020 to March 14, 2020 were collected. All patients were the mild and ordinary adult patients on admission, including 105 males and 103 females from 19 to 84 (median age 44) years old. According to the "Program for the diagnosis and treatment of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) infected pneumonia (Trial version 7)" issued by the General Office of National Health Committee and Office of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine as the diagnostic and typing criteria. According to progression from mild to severe disease during hospitalization, the patients were divided into a mild group (n=183) and a severe transformation group (n=25). The clinical features such as age, underlying disease, blood routine, coagulation function, blood biochemistry, oxygenation index, and so on were analyzed. Among them, laboratory tests included white blood cell (WBC), lymphocytes (LYM), neutrophil (NEU), hemoglobin (Hb), platelet (PLT), prothrombin time (PT), plasma fibrinogen (Fib), activated partial prothrombin time (APTT), thrombin time (TT), D-dimer, total bilirubin (TBIL), albumin (ALB), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (Cr), creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase isoenzyme-MB (CK-MB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), C-reactive protein (CRP), and oxygen partial pressure in arterial blood. Partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood/fractional concentration of inspiratory oxygen (PaO2/FiO2) was calculated. The variables with statistical significance were analyzed by logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Patients in the severe transformation group had more combined underlying diseases than those in the mild group (P<0.05). From the perspective of disease distribution, patients in the severe transformation group had more combined hypertension (P<0.05). In the severe transformation group, PT was significantly longer, the levels of Fib, ALT, AST, CK, LDH, and CRP were significantly higher than those in the mild group (P<0.05 or P<0.001), while LYM, ALB, and PaO2/FiO2 were significantly lower than those in the mild group (P<0.05 or P<0.001). Logistic regression analysis was performed on clinical features with statistically significant differences. Combined with hypertension, LYM, PT, Fib, ALB, ALT, AST, CK, LDH, and CRP as independent variables, and having severe disease or not was the dependent variable. The results show that combined hypertension, decreased LYM, longer PT, and increased CK level were independent risk factors that affected the severity of COVID-19 (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The patients with mild COVID-19 who are apt to develop severe diseases may be related to combined hypertension, decreased LYM, and longer PT, and increased CK level. For the mild patients with these clinical features, early intervention may effectively prevent the progression to severe diseases.
Is there a correlation between pulmonary inflammation index with COVID-19 disease severity and outcome?	Mohamed-Hussein,  Aliae,  Galal, et al	medRxiv	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	Rational: the radiologic pulmonary inflammatory index (PII) may be used as early predictor of inflammation as laboratory assessments in COVID-19. The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical and radiological features between the cases of COVID-19 necessitating ICU and those who did not, and to correlate the PII with other inflammatory markers and outcome. Patients and methods: This study included 72 patients with confirmed COVID-19. Their electronic records of were retrospectively revised and the demographic, clinical, laboratory, HRCT data, PII and the outcomes of the patients were analyzed. Results: They were 50/50% males/females, mean age was 47.1 (16.8). During their stay, 15.3% necessitated ICU admittance, 68% cured, 9 cases referred and five cases (6.9%) died. The baseline lesions identified were ground glass opacification in (93%), higher PII and >3 lobes affection were considerably recorded in those who required ICU (P= 0.041 and 0.013). There were correlations between PII with age (r=0.264, P=0.031), ferritin (r=0.225, P=0.048) and D Dimer (r=0.271, P=0.043). Conclusions: The use of PII together with clinical and laboratory data may be valuable in defining the inflammatory state of COVID-19. It was correlated with other inflammatory indices as D dimer, ferritin even before clinical deterioration.Competing Interest StatementThe authors have declared no competing interest.Clinical TrialNCT04479293 (secondry aim)Funding StatementnoneAuthor DeclarationsI confirm all relevant ethical guidelines have been followed, and any necessary IRB and/or ethics committee approvals have been obtained.YesThe details of the IRB/oversight body that provided approval or exemption for the research described are given below:18-2020/14 (Ministry of Health and Population)All necessary patient/participant consent has been obtained and the appropriate institutional forms have been archived.YesI understand that all clinical trials and any other prospective interventional studies must be registered with an ICMJE-approved registry, such as ClinicalTrials.gov. I confirm that any such study reported in the manuscript has been registered and the trial registration ID is provided (note: if posting a prospective study registered retrospectively, please provide a statement in the trial ID field explaining why the study was not registered in advance).Yes I have followed all appropriate research reporting guidelines and uploaded the relevant EQUATOR Network research reporting checklist(s) and other pertinent material as supplementary files, if applicable.Yeson request
32872332; Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Prevents Mortality from Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome through the Induction of Apoptosis in Immune Cells, Leading to Cytokine Storm Suppression	Mohammed,  A,  F K Alghetaa, et al	International journal of molecular sciences	Therapeutics| Thérapeutique Animal model | Modèle animal	Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) causes up to 40% mortality in humans and is difficult to treat. ARDS is also one of the major triggers of mortality associated with coronavirus-induced disease (COVID-19). We used a mouse model of ARDS induced by Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB), which triggers 100% mortality, to investigate the mechanisms through which Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) attenuates ARDS. SEB was used to trigger ARDS in C3H mice. These mice were treated with THC and analyzed for survival, ARDS, cytokine storm, and metabolome. Additionally, cells isolated from the lungs were used to perform single-cell RNA sequencing and transcriptome analysis. A database analysis of human COVID-19 patients was also performed to compare the signaling pathways with SEB-mediated ARDS. The treatment of SEB-mediated ARDS mice with THC led to a 100% survival, decreased lung inflammation, and the suppression of cytokine storm. This was associated with immune cell apoptosis involving the mitochondrial pathway, as suggested by single-cell RNA sequencing. A transcriptomic analysis of immune cells from the lungs revealed an increase in mitochondrial respiratory chain enzymes following THC treatment. In addition, metabolomic analysis revealed elevated serum concentrations of amino acids, lysine, n-acetyl methionine, carnitine, and propionyl L-carnitine in THC-treated mice. THC caused the downregulation of miR-185, which correlated with an increase in the pro-apoptotic gene targets. Interestingly, the gene expression datasets from the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of human COVID-19 patients showed some similarities between cytokine and apoptotic genes with SEB-induced ARDS. Collectively, this study suggests that the activation of cannabinoid receptors may serve as a therapeutic modality to treat ARDS associated with COVID-19.
Gastrointestinal and hepatic manifestations of covid-19 in children	Mónica Villanueva,  C,  Rossana Faundez, et al	Revista chilena de pediatria	Clinical data| Données cliniques	SARS-CoV-2 is a high environmental stable virus. It is predominantly a respiratory pathogen that also affects the gastrointestinal tract. The ACE 2 receptor is the main receptor of SARS-CoV-2, with evidence of its high presence in the intestine, colon and cholangiocytes, and, in smaller proportion, in hepatocytes. SARS-CoV-2 has a gastrointestinal tropism that explains digestive symptoms and viral spread in stools. The characteristics of this virus include the S (Spike) protein that binds very stably to the ACE-2 receptor and, at the same time, SARS-CoV-2 produces dysbiosis and alterations in the gut-lung axis. It produces a clear T-cell response and a cytokines storm in the intestine and liver that would produce inflammatory bowel damage. Intestinal manifestations by order of frequency are loss of appetite, diarrhea, nausea and vomiting, and abdominal pain, where the latter could be a severity marker. In children, diarrhea is the most frequent symptom, usually mild and self-limiting. In the liver, hypertransaminasemia occurs in severe patients ranging from 40 to 60%. SARS-CoV-2 can re-main in stools longer than in respiratory secretions, which would influence the spread of disease. This article highlights the importance of an early diagnosis of gastrointestinal and hepatic manifestations, increase the index of suspicion, make a timely diagnosis, and recognize eventual complications of the disease. The potential oral-fecal route of transmission may influence the disease spread. Recognizing this finding is important to define isolation. © 2020, Sociedad Chilena de Pediatria. All rights reserved.
Impact of Covid-19 on passengers and airlines from passenger measurements: Managing customer satisfaction while putting the US Air Transportation System to sleep	Monmousseau,  P,  Marzuoli, et al	Transportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspectives	Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the air transportation system worldwide. This paper aims at analyzing the effect of the travel restriction measures implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic from a passenger perspective on the US air transportation system. Four metrics based on data generated by passengers and airlines on social media are proposed to measure how the travel restriction measures impacted the relation between passengers and airlines in close to real-time. The proposed metrics indicate that each airline has reacted differently to the COVID-19 travel restriction measures from a passenger perspective, therefore they can be used by airlines and passengers to improve their decision making process. This report comes ahead of official data related to the same sequence of events, thereby showing the value of passenger-borne data in an industry where corporate priorities, institutional prudence, and passenger satisfaction come close together. © 2020 The Authors
Trait emotional intelligence and emotional experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak in Poland: A daily diary study	Moroń,  M,  Biolik-Moroń, et al	Personality and Individual Differences	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The study examined trait emotional intelligence as a predictor for emotional reactions experienced during the first full week of the lockdown in Poland (from 16th to 22nd March). One hundred and thirty persons (101 women and 25 men; 4 did not report their gender)participated in the baseline measurement of trait emotional intelligence, positive and negative affect, and affect intensity and in a one-week daily diary. Trait emotional intelligence correlated positively with baseline positive affect and positive intensity, while negatively with baseline negative affect and negative intensity. Trait emotional intelligence marginally significantly predicted a lower frequency of anger, disgust, and sadness during the first week of the pandemic. Trait emotional intelligence predicted a lower intensity of fear, anxiety and sadness. The study showed a complex dynamics of emotional experiences during the first week of the COVID-19 pandemic. Positive states of relaxation and happiness were experienced more frequently and more intensely compared to the negatively-valenced emotions. The protective role of trait emotional intelligence during the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak was mainly associated with experiencing negative emotions (fear, anxiety, and sadness) less intensely, but not less frequently. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd
The interplay of spatial spread of COVID-19 and human mobility in the urban system of China during the Chinese New Year	Mu,  X,  Yeh, et al	Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	The rapid spread of infectious diseases is devastating to the healthcare systems of all countries. The dynamics of the spatial spread of epidemic have received considerable scientific attention. However, the understanding of the spatial variation of epidemic severity in the urban system is lagging. Using synchronized epidemic data and human mobility data, integrated with other multiple-sourced data, this study examines the interplay between disease spread of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and inter-city and intra-city mobility among 319 Chinese cities. The results show a disease spreading process consisting of a major transfer (inter-city) diffusion before the Chinese New Year and a subsequent local (intra-city) diffusion after the Chinese New Year in the urban system of China. The variations in disease incidence between cities are mainly driven by inter-city mobility from Wuhan, the epidemic center of COVID-19. Cities that are closer to the epidemic center and with more population in the urban area will face higher risks of disease incidence. Warm and humid weather could help mitigate the spread of COVID-19. The extensive inter-city and intra-city travel interventions in China have reduced approximately 70% and 40% inter-city and intra-city mobility, respectively, and effectively slowed down the spread of the disease by minimizing human to human transmission together with other disease monitoring, control, and preventive measures. These findings could provide valuable insights into understanding the dynamics of disease spread in the urban system and help to respond to another new wave of pandemic in China and other parts of the world. © The Author(s) 2020.
COVID-19 patients in a tertiary US hospital: Assessment of clinical course and predictors of the disease severity	Mughal,  MS,  Kaur, et al	Respiratory medicine	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	We evaluated the clinical course of hospitalized COVID-19 patients and compared them with the patients who received invasive mechanical ventilation. Characteristics of intubated patients who were successfully weaned from the ventilator were compared with the patients who failed to be extubated or died in the hospital. Out of 129 patients, 23.25% (n = 30) required invasive mechanical ventilation, and of those, six patients were successfully weaned from the ventilator. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed increased odds of intubation associated with hypoxemia (odds ratio 17.23, 95% CI 5.206–57.088; p < 0.0001), elevated d-dimer by one unit mg/L of FEU (odds ratio 1.515, 95% CI 5.206–57.088; p = 0.0430) and elevated ferritin by one unit ng/ml (odds ratio 1.001, 95% CI 1.000–1.001, p = 0.0051) on admission, adjusted for other covariates. Patients who required invasive mechanical ventilation were more likely to have older age, male gender, coronary artery disease, diabetes, and obesity. The patients who were successfully weaned from the ventilator were more likely to be younger in age, and none of them had heart failure or CAD.
32822684; Serum cholinesterase associated with COVID-19 pneumonia severity and mortality	Nakajima,  K,  Abe, et al	Journal of Infection	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	We examined associations between cholinesterase levels on admission and the severity, and mortality of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia, as well as the interaction between cholinesterase and the previously reported factors of severity and mortality. Our results demonstrate that the potential of cholinesterase levels and their interactions were significantly associated with severity and mortality in COVID-19 pneumonia patients.
Department of pediatrics at the albert royer national children´s hospital: Preliminary study comparing the first quarter of 2019 and 2020	Ndiaye,  O,  Fall, et al	Pan African Medical Journal	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This study assesses the impact of COVID-19 on health care activities and revenues at the Center Hospitalier National d´Enfant Albert Royer in Dakar, Senegal. An average decrease of 33% in outpatient consultations was noted in the first quarter of the year 2020 corresponding to the period of the pandemic compared to the first quarter of 2019. An increase in hospitalizations was observed especially for the months of January and February . However, in March, a drop of 11% was noted. It is the same for the receipts where a decrease is observed only in March; it was 10%.
Epidemic contact tracing with smartphone sensors	Nguyen,  KA,  Luo, et al	Journal of Location Based Services	Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	This paper proposes a novel, yet practical smartphone-based contact tracing approach, employing WiFi and acoustic sound for relative distance estimate, in addition to the air pressure and the magnetic field for ambient environment matching. We present a model combining six smartphone sensors, prioritising some of them when certain conditions are met. We empirically verified our approach in various realistic environments to demonstrate an achievement of up to 95% fewer false positives, and 62% more accurate than Bluetooth-only system. To the best of our knowledge, this paper was one of the first work to propose a combination of smartphone sensors for contact tracing.
Inequality in times of pandemics: How online media are starting to treat the economic consequences of the coronavirus crisis	Odriozola-Chéné,  J,  Díaz-Noci, et al	Profesional de la Informacion	Economics | Économie	A tool was designed to analyze both the manifest and latent content of the items. Using content analysis, an analysis of news published by 33 digital media in both Europe and Latin America from March 14 to April 14, 2020 was conducted. The results of this study show that income inequality appears as the core variable of the problem, although social classes remain important. The imbalanced access to health and education public services also receives continuous coverage in the media. However, poverty as a consequence of this situation remains an uncomfortable issue and tends to be presented in an undramatized way.
Assessing the effects of exposure to a SARS-CoV-2 re-positive patient in healthcare personnel	Ogawa,  Y,  N	Research Square prepub	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	A follow-up survey was conducted with healthcare personnel (HCP) who were exposed to a patient whose PCR test results for SARS-CoV-2 were re-positive 18 days after the initial confirmation of negative PCR results. We studied a total of 15 HCP who had contact exposures (15/15) and aerosol exposures (7/15). None of them tested positive for IgG against SARS-CoV-2 on blood examination. None of them had any symptoms during 10 days of active isolation. All PCR tests conducted using the nasopharyngeal swabs collected from the HCP on day 10 were negative. No apparent infection was found in any of the HCP who had contact exposure with and/or aerosol exposure from the patient whose PCR test results for SARS-CoV-2 were re-positive 18 days after the initial confirmation of negative results of PCR tests for SARS-CoV-2.
32871900; Coronavirus disease 2019-associated rapidly progressive organizing pneumonia with fibrotic feature: Two case reports	Okamori,  S,  Lee, et al	Medicine	Clinical data| Données cliniques	A 60-year-old man and a 61-year-old woman diagnosed with mild COVID-19 were admitted to our hospital. Their respiratory symptoms were deteriorating even after initiating treatment with antiviral drugs. Chest X-rays and computed tomography scan showed a rapid progression of linear consolidation with reversed halo sign, distributed in subpleural and peri-bronchial regions. They also presented with pulmonary fibrosis findings, including traction bronchiectasis and marked lung volume reduction. They were diagnosed with rapidly progressing OP. They were treated with systemic corticosteroids. The patients’ imaging findings and respiratory conditions improved rapidly without any adverse effects.
CURB-65 plus Hypoalbuminemia: a new score system for prediction of the in-hospital mortality risk in patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia	Oliva,  A,  B	Research Square prepub	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	In this study, the ability of CURB-65, extended CURB-65, PSI and CALL scores and C-Reactive Protein (CRP) to predict intra-hospital mortality and ICU admission in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection were evaluated.  The addition of albumin level to the easy-to-calculate CURB-65 score at hospital admission is able to improve the quality of prediction of intra-hospital mortality in patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia.
COVID-19: Metric analysis of videos and communication channels on youtube	Orduña-Malea,  E,  Font-Julián, et al	Profesional de la Informacion	Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	The objective of this work is to determine the volume of videos about Covid-19 published and disseminated through YouTube and related directly or indirectly to the Spanish national territory, to characterize its impact (in terms of views, likes and comments received), and finally categorize the channels through which they have been disseminated. For this, 39,531 videos published between January 1 and April 30, 2020 have been analyzed. The results show that the number of videos about Covid-19 increased after the establishment of the state of alarm in Spain and, little by little, have been decreasing over time, with certain upswings linked to political decisions.  it is concluded that YouTube's sorting criteria are not precise enough to be used in computer studies without a high workload in data cleaning. Likewise, the existence of channels that apply deceptive positioning strategies makes it difficult to carry out this type of study
A misleading cmv myocarditis during the covid-19 pandemic: Case report	Oualim,  S,  Elouarradi, et al	Pan African Medical Journal	Clinical data| Données cliniques	We report the case of A 37-year-old male admitted with fever, cough and dyspnea. Chest CT showed typical ground-glass changes indicative of viral pneumonia. He was tested negative for COVID-19 but had biological markers that made us still suspect it. He had elevated troponin I level (up to 111,5 ng/mL) and diffuse myocardial dyskinesia along with a decreased left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). He was diagnosed with CMV myocarditis with cardiac insufficiency and totally recovered without antiviral therapy. During the COVID-19 pandemic patients may develop myocarditis, still every myocarditis is not a COVID infection. Myocarditis linked to CMV infection may be rare, but life-threatening.
In silico studies suggest T-cell cross-reactivity between SARS-CoV-2 and less dangerous coronaviruses	Pacholczyk,  M,  R	Research Square prepub	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	We analyzed the potential for T-cell cross-reactivity between less contagious coronaviruses (HCoV-OC43, HCoV-HKU1, HCoV-229E, and HCoV-NL63) and SARS-CoV-2. In silico research suggests that SARS-CoV-2 and less dangerous coronaviruses share identical peptides, which can be presented on MHC class I molecules. Those T-cells epitopes belong to several coronavirus proteins localized inside the viral envelope, including helicase, RNA polymerase, proofreading exoribonuclease, and 2'-O-methyltransferase. Our data suggest that a milder course of COVID-19, in some populations, may be related to the cross-reactivity of T cells.
32818490; Clinical performances of an ELISA for SARS-CoV-2 antibody assay and correlation with neutralization activity	Padoan,  A,  Zuin, et al	Clinica Chimica Acta	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	Here we describe the clinical performances of an ELISA (Novalisa NovaTec Immunodiagnostica, Dietzenbach, Germany) for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 IgA, IgM and IgG and the comparison of results with the neutralization activity.  The Novalisa SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) immunoassay provides excellent analytical and clinical performances, especially for IgG. Our findings on PRNT50 demonstrate that neutralization titers are positively correlated with immunoassays results, even if the strength of the associations is limited.
Screening of potent inhibitors against 2019 novel coronavirus (Covid-19) from alliumsativum and allium cepa: An in silico approach	Pandey,  P,  Khan, et al	Biointerface Research in Applied Chemistry	Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	In the present study, we identified S-Allylcysteine sulfoxide (Alliin), SPropyl cysteine, S-Allylcysteine, S-Ethylcysteine, S-Allylmercaptocysteine, S-Methylcysteine, Spropyl L-cysteine with binding energies (-5.24, -4.49, -4.99, -4.91, -4.79, -4.76, -5.0 kcal/mol) as potential inhibitor candidates for COVID-19. Out of 7 selected compounds, alliin showed the best binding efficacy with target protein 6LU7. In silico ADME analysis revealed that these compounds are expected to have a standard drug-like property as well. Our findings propose that natural compounds from garlic and onion can be used as potent inhibitors against the main protease of COVID-19, which could be helpful in combating the COVID-19 pandemic.
Difficult situations and ways of coping with them in the experiences of parents homeschooling their children during the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland	Parczewska,  T	Education 3-13	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The aim of the research project is to present parents’ perceptions and experiences related to home education during the coronavirus pandemic, and the ways of coping with difficult situations, taking into account sociodemographic factors.  The findings indicate that a significant group of respondents described the existing situation as difficult, and the responsibilities related to home schooling as being beyond their capabilities. Parents are generally not confident about their competence and solutions they adopt; they express anxiety about the future of their children. Significant differences were observed in the ways of perceiving difficult situations and of coping with them with respect to gender and place of residence.
Intolerance of Uncertainty and Loneliness in Older Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic	Parlapani,  E,  Holeva, et al	Frontiers in Psychiatry	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The aim of the present study was to investigate the psychological response of older adults during the acute phase of the pandemic in Greece. A significant proportion of the participants reported moderate to severe depressive symptoms (81.6%), moderate to severe anxiety symptoms (84.5%), as well as disrupted sleep (37.9%). Women reported significantly higher levels of COVID-19–related fear, more severe depressive symptoms and sleep disturbances, as well as higher levels of intolerance of uncertainty. Participants living alone showed higher levels of loneliness. Intolerance of uncertainty was shown to modulate levels of loneliness.
Psychological and Behavioral Responses to the COVID-19 Pandemic in Greece	Parlapani,  E,  Holeva, et al	Frontiers in Psychiatry	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study aimed to explore COVID-19-related fear, depressive and anxiety symptoms, social responsibility, and behavioral responses during the COVID-19 pandemic in Greece. Several participants reported high levels of COVID-19-related fear (35.7%) and moderate to severe depressive symptoms (22.8%), while a significant proportion reported moderate to severe anxiety symptoms (77.4%). Women scored altogether significantly higher than men. Respondents under the age of 30 reported less fear and depressive symptoms and showed the least social responsibility. Based on GLM, a significant other’s COVID-19 illness, being on psychiatric medication, employment of safety and checking behaviors, and compliance with guidelines were associated with higher COVID-19-related fear. Linear regression analysis revealed that gender, age, depressive, and anxiety symptoms modified levels of COVID-19-related fear.
32859531; Coronavirus disease associated immune thrombocytopenia: Causation or correlation?	Pascolini,  S,  Granito, et al	Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection	Clinical data| Données cliniques	We describe three cases of immune-mediated thrombocytopenia during the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) disease.
Socio-economic disparities and COVID-19 in the USA	Paul,  A,  E	ArXiv	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	We study the spread of COVID-19 at the county level for the United States up until the 15th of August, 2020. We show that the prevalence of the disease and the death rate are correlated with the local socio-economic conditions often going beyond local population density distributions, especially in rural areas. We correlate the COVID-19 prevalence and death rate with data from the US Census Bureau and point out how the spreading patterns of the disease show asymmetries in urban and rural areas separately and is preferentially affecting the counties where a large fraction of the population is non-white.
Inhibitor binding influences the protonation states of histidines in SARS-CoV-2 main protease	Pavlova,  Anna,  Lynch, et al	bioRxiv	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	In this work we have used molecular dynamics simulations to determine the structural stability of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro as a function of the protonation assignments for these residues. We simulated both the apo and inhibitor-bound enzyme and found that the conformational stability of the binding site, bound inhibitors, and the hydrogen bond networks of Mpro are highly sensitive to these assignments. Additionally, the two inhibitors studied, the peptidomimetic N3 and an α-ketoamide, display distinct His41/His164 protonation-state-dependent stabilities. While the apo and the N3-bound systems favored Nδ (HD) and Nϵ (HE) protonation of His41 and His164, respectively, the α-ketoamide was not stably bound in this state. Our results illustrate the importance of using appropriate histidine protonation states to accurately model the structure and dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro in both the apo and inhibitor-bound states, a necessary prerequisite for drug-design efforts.
Periodic variations in the Covid-19 infection and fatality rates	Peirani,  Sebastien,  Pacheco, et al	medRxiv	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	Power spectra of infection and mortality rate curves for nineteen countries of different continents were computed. Nine of them show the presence of oscillations with a period of about seven says either in the infection or in the mortality data sets. The computed power spectra for seven countries do no indicate any significant signal of periodicity while the three remaining countries indicate periodic oscillations only in the infection or only in the mortality curve. Data indicate that minima occur generally on weekends. The seven-day periodicity present in infection data of nine countries is robust and seems to be the consequence of different factors as, for instance, higher testing frequency during weekdays or/and an enhanced contamination during social activities during weekends. For the moment, there is no convincing explanation for the seven-day oscillations observed in the mortality curves of some countries.
Numerical modeling of the distribution of virus carrying saliva droplets during sneeze and cough	Pendar,  MR,  Páscoa, et al	Physics of Fluids	Transmission Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI)	A comprehensive fully coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian method has been applied for infection control, thus leading to a deeper understanding of the saliva-disease-carrier droplet transmission mechanisms and also of their trajectory tracking by using the OpenFOAM package. This model determines the droplet-air interactions, the breakup process, and turbulent dispersion forces on each micro-droplet that is expelled within the respiratory tract in a correct way. Our results indicate that the movement of the expelled droplets is mainly influenced by their size, angle, velocity, and environmental factors. During a virus crisis, like COVID-19, this paper can be used to determine the "social distance"between individuals to avoid contamination, by inhaling or touching their bodies, due to these saliva-disease-carrier droplets in sneezing, at various social distance positions such as face-to-face, meeting standing, and near equipment. The safe distance must be increased to around 4 m during a sneeze. By wearing a face mask and by bending the head during a sneeze as a protective action, we can reduce the contamination area to one-third and three-quarters, respectively. Furthermore, the dispersion of the film of the expelled saliva micro-droplets and the spatial relationship between the subjects, which affects the airflow inside the room, are also analyzed in detail.
Exhaled CO2 as COVID-19 infection risk proxy for different indoor environments and activities	Peng,  Zhe,  Jimenez, et al	medRxiv	Transmission Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI)	We derive analytical expressions of CO2-based risk proxies and apply them to various typical indoor environments. Contrary to some earlier recommendations setting a single indoor CO2 threshold, we show that the CO2 level corresponding to a given infection risk varies by over 2 orders of magnitude for different environments and activities. Although large uncertainties, mainly from virus exhalation rates, are still associated with our infection risk estimates, our study provides more specific and practical recommendations for low-cost CO2-based indoor infection risk monitoring.
Evolutionary dynamics of the SARS-CoV-2 ORF8 accessory gene	Pereira,  F	Infection, Genetics and Evolution	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	SARS-CoV-2 ORF8 is poorly conserved among coronaviruses. The ORF8 phylogeny revealed traces of a typical expanding population. Nonsense mutations and deletions suggest the virus persist without the ORF8 protein. Deletion breakpoints co-localize with hairpins suggesting a possible association.
Understanding mental health services and help-seeking behaviours among college students in Vietnam	Pham,  NC,  Li, et al	Asia Pacific Journal of Health Management	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	we decided to investigate the effectiveness and efficiency of mental health services and help-seeking behaviors in Vietnamese universities.  Among the three measurements of psychological openness, help-seeking propensity, and indifference to stigma, results indicated that the model explains students’ help-seeking intention reasonably well than others.
Susceptibility of domestic swine to experimental infection with SARS-CoV-2	Pickering,  Brad,  Smith, et al	bioRxiv	Animal model | Modèle animal	SARS-CoV-2, the agent responsible for COVID-19 has been shown to infect a number of species. The role of domestic livestock and the risk associated for humans in close contact remains unknown for many production animals. Determination of the susceptibility of pigs to SARS-CoV-2 is critical towards a One Health approach to manage the potential risk of zoonotic transmission. Here, pigs undergoing experimental inoculation are susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 at low levels. Viral RNA was detected in group oral fluids and nasal wash from at least two animals while live virus was isolated from a pig. Further, antibodies could be detected in two animals at 11 and 13 days post infection, while oral fluid samples at 6 days post inoculation indicated the presence of secreted antibodies. These data highlight the need for additional livestock assessment to better determine the potential role domestic animals may contribute towards the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.
Transcriptomic analyses suggest that mucopolysaccharidosis patients may be less susceptible to COVID-19	Pierzynowska,  K,  Gaffke, et al	FEBS letters	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	We used transcriptomic (RNA‐seq) analyses to determine whether patients suffering from all types and subtypes of mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS), a severe inherited metabolic disease, may be more susceptible to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). The expression levels of genes encoding proteins potentially involved in SARS‐CoV‐2 development were estimated in MPS cell lines. Four genes (GTF2F2, RAB18, TMEM97, PDE4DIP) coding for proteins potentially facilitating virus development were down‐regulated, while two genes (FBN1, MFGE8), the products of which potentially interfere with virus propagation, were up‐regulated in most MPS types. Although narrowing of respiratory tract and occurrence of thick mucus, characteristic of MPS, are risk factors for COVID‐19, transcriptomic analyses suggest that MPS cells might be less, rather than more, susceptible to SARS‐CoV‐2 infection.
Risk factors and outcome of COVID-19 in patients with hematological malignancies	Piñana,  JL,  Martino, et al	Experimental Hematology and Oncology	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	This was a Spanish transplant group and cell therapy (GETH) multicenter retrospective observational study, which included a large cohort of blood cancer patients with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection through PCR assays from March 1st 2020 to May 15th 2020. In most patients with hematological malignancies COVID-19 mortality was directly driven by older age, disease status, performance status, as well as by immune (neutropenia) parameters and level of inflammation (high CRP). Use of azithromycin and low dose corticosteroids may be of value in very severe COVID-19.
Acceleration of telemedicine use for chronic neurological disease patients during covid-19 pandemic in yogyakarta, Indonesia: A case series study	Pinzon,  R,  Paramitha, et al	Kesmas	Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study aims to review telemedicine use catalyzed by several regulations of the Indonesian Government and review 20 cases from Bethesda Hospital in Yogyakarta providing online consultation services.  Of 20 respondents involved in this study, 15 (75%) were satisfied with the service, 3 (15%) very satisfied, and 2 (10%) others neutral. Most respondents suggest improvement of reimbursement (80%) and others suggest improvement on medications (10%) and services (10%).
Validation of the Spanish version of Fear of COVID-19 Scale: Its association with acute stress and coping	Piqueras,  JA,  G	Research Square prepub	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This paper aims to psychometrically adapt the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) to Spanish and examines the relationships between FCV-19S, stress response and coping strategies. Overall, the findings support a one-factor structure for FCV-19S, consisting of  7-items, and was invariant across age, sex, occupational status and cross-national. Therefore, indicating evidences of construct validity. Evidences of reliability were also observed (Cronbach’s α = .86, McDonald’s ω = .86, Guttmann’s λ6 = .86, Greatest lower bound = .91, composite reliability = .85, and Average Variance Extracted = .44). Moreover, as regards criterion-related validity, the mediation analysis indicated that the relationship between FCV-19S and acute stress was positive and high, with maladaptive coping styles mediating the relationship, and with a stronger mediation for men.
Acute pulmonary embolism in acutely ill COVID-19 patients admitted to internal medicine wards	POLO FRIZ,  H,  GELFI, et al	Research Square prepub	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	The aim of the present study was to assess the prevalence of acute pulmonary embolism (APE) in acutely ill COVID-19 patients admitted to internal medicine department wards and to investigate the association of clinical and biochemical variables with a confirmed diagnosis of APE. Study populations: 41 subjects.  Among patients with and without APE, no significant differences were found with regards symptoms, comorbidities, treatment, Wells score and outcomes.  The optimal cut-off value of D-dimer for predicting APE was 2454 ng/mL
32858249; Coinfection by SARS-CoV-2 and dengue virus in a dual viral circulation setting	Pontes,  RL,  de Brito, et al	Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease	Clinical data| Données cliniques	Here we report an RT-PCR-confirmed coinfection by dengue virus (DENV) and SARS-CoV-2, which occurred in a patient from northeastern Brazil.
32497809; Evaluation of a novel antigen-based rapid detection test for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 in respiratory samples	Porte,  L,  Legarraga, et al	International Journal of Infectious Diseases	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	This study was performed to evaluate a novel rapid antigen detection test (RDT) for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in respiratory samples. The fluorescence immunochromatographic SARS-CoV-2 antigen test (Bioeasy Biotechnology Co., Shenzhen, China) was evaluated using universal transport medium with nasopharyngeal (NP) and oropharyngeal (OP) swabs from suspected COVID-19 cases.  Diagnostic accuracy was determined in comparison to SARS-CoV-2 real-time (RT)-PCR. A total of 127 samples were included; 82 were RT-PCR-positive. The median patient age was 38 years, 53.5% were male, and 93.7% were from the first week after symptom onset. Overall sensitivity and specificity were 93.9% (95% confidence interval 86.5–97.4%) and 100% (95% confidence interval 92.1–100%), respectively, with a diagnostic accuracy of 96.1%.
32871592; Chronic kidney disease and acute kidney injury in the COVID-19 Spanish outbreak	Portolés,  J,  Marques, et al	Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	The aim of this study was to analyse the role of kidney damage in COVID-19 outcome. This is a prospective cohort study of 1603 consecutive patients admitted in a University Reference Hospital in the heart of the European outbreak. On admission, the prevalence of elevated serum creatinine (sCr), proteinuria, leucocyturia and haematuria were 21.0, 37.8, 31.8 and 45.6%, respectively. In total, 43.5% of those with an elevated sCr had previous chronic kidney disease (CKD) and 11.4% of those with normal sCr developed an in-hospital acute kidney injury (AKI); 17 patients needed acute haemodialysis; and 197 patients died during hospitalization. Cox proportional hazard regression confirmed that elevated baseline sCr [hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) 2.40 (1.79-3.22)], previous CKD [1.59 (1.06-2.37)], haematuria [1 + 1.68 (0.92-3.06), 2-3 + 2.69 (1.49-4.87)] and in-hospital AKI [1.50 (0.92-2.44)] were independent risk factors for in-hospital death after adjusting for age, sex and comorbidity.
32859814; Impact of Prolonged Lockdown due to COVID-19 in Patients with Parkinson's Disease	Prasad,  S,  Holla, et al	Neurology India	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study aimed to explore the effects of prolongation of lockdown on patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) by evaluating possible problems faced during a lockdown and worsening of symptoms if any.  One hundred patients with PD and their caregivers were contacted. We observed a significant increase in problems faced due to this pandemic, specifically, the inability to access health care, and difficulty procuring medication. Patients also reported worsening of motor symptoms.
32768695; Factors affecting perceived effectiveness of COVID-19 prevention measures among Filipinos during Enhanced Community Quarantine in Luzon, Philippines: Integrating Protection Motivation Theory and extended Theory of Planned Behavior	Prasetyo,  YT,  Castillo, et al	International Journal of Infectious Diseases	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	A total of 649 Filipinos answered an online questionnaire, which contained 63 questions. Equation Modeling (SEM) showed that understanding of COVID-19 had significant direct effects on perceived vulnerability and perceived severity. Also, perceived vulnerability and perceived severity had significant indirect effects on intention to follow. Intention to follow had significant direct effects on actual behavior and adapted behavior, which subsequently led to perceived effectiveness. Of note, an understanding of COVID-19 was found to have a significant indirect effect on perceived effectiveness.
The potency of hematopoietic stem cells (hscs) and natural killer (nk) cells as a therapeutic of sars-cov-2 Indonesia isolates infection by viral inactivation (in vitro Study)	Purwati,  Miatmoko,  A, et al	Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy	Therapeutics| Thérapeutique Animal model | Modèle animal	In this study, in vitro research was conducted to determine the potential of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and natural killer cells (NK cells) against SARS-CoV-2 viruses, which virus isolates were collected in Indonesia. The SARS-CoV-2 virus was planted in rat kidney cells and Vero cells. The results showed that the addition of HSCs and NK on cells that had been infected by SARS-CoV-2 resulted in a decrease in viral load within 24 to 72 hours in all variations of Multiples of Infection (MoI) values.
32872439; What protective health measures are americans taking in response to covid-19? Results from the covid impact survey	Qeadan,  F,  Mensah, et al	International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	Data collected from the COVID Impact Survey, conducted by the non-partisan and objective research organization NORC at the University of Chicago on April, May, and June of 2020, were analyzed through weighted Quasi-Poisson regression modeling to determine the association of demographics, socioeconomics, and health conditions with protective health measures taken at the individual level in response to COVID-19.  Individuals with higher incomes, insurance, higher education levels, large household size, age 60+, females, minorities, those who have asthma, have hypertension, overweight or obese, and those who suffer from mental health issues during the pandemic were significantly more likely to report taking precautionary protective measures relative to their counterparts.
32879122; Mental health status of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 in Changsha	Qin,  X,  Shu, et al	Zhong nan da xue xue bao.Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University.Medical sciences	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study aims to investigate the mental health of patients with COVID-19 in Changsha. We took cross-section investigation for the mental health of 112 patients with COVID-19 via questionnaires. The obsessive-compulsive, depression, sleep and eating disorders had the highest frequency among the positive symptoms of SCL-90 in patients with COVID-19 in Changsha.
32871887; Impaired immune and coagulation systems may be early risk factors for COVID-19 patients: A retrospective study of 118 inpatients from Wuhan, China	Qin,  ZJ,  Liu, et al	Medicine	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	The objective of this study was to investigate the risk factors for in-hospital mortality in patients with COVID-19. This study retrospectively enrolled 118 patients diagnosed with COVID-19, who were admitted to Eastern District of Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University from February 04, 2020 to March 04, 2020. A total of 118 patients (49 males and 69 females) were included in this study; the results revealed that the following factors associated with in-hospital mortality: older age (odds ratio [OR] 1.175, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.073-1.287, P = .001), neutrophil count greater than 6.3 × 10 cells/L (OR 7.174, (95% CI 2.295-22.432, P = .001), lymphocytopenia (OR 0.069, 95% CI 0.007-0.722, P = .026), prothrombin time >13 seconds (OR 11.869, 95% CI 1.433-98.278, P = .022), D-dimer >1 mg/L (OR 22.811, 95% CI 2.224-233.910, P = .008) and procalcitonin (PCT) >0.1 ng/mL (OR 23.022, 95% CI 3.108-170.532, P = .002).
32872217; Biochemical and Computational Approach of Selected Phytocompounds from Tinospora crispa in the Management of COVID-19	Rakib,  A,  Paul, et al	Molecules	Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	We analyzed the bioactive phytocompounds isolated by gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) from Tinospora crispa as potential COVID-19 Mpro inhibitors, using molecular docking study. Our analyses unveiled that the top nine hits might serve as potential anti-SARS-CoV-2 lead molecules, with three of them exerting biological activity and warranting further optimization and drug development to combat COVID-19.
Case fatality of COVID-19 in patients with neurodegenerative dementia	Reyes-Bueno,  J,  Mena-Vázquez, et al	Neurologia	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	We conducted a descriptive case-control study of a sample of patients diagnosed with primary neurodegenerative dementia. Twenty-four of the 88 patients with COVID-19 included in the study died: 10/23 (43.4%) patients diagnosed with dementia and 14/65 (21.5%) controls; this difference was statistically significant.
Use of the variplex™ SARS-CoV-2 RT-LAMP as a rapid molecular assay to complement RT-PCR for COVID-19 diagnosis	Rödel,  J,  Egerer, et al	Journal of Clinical Virology	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	This study was designed to evaluate the clinical performance of the CE-labeled variplexTM real time SARS-CoV-2 RT-LAMP assay in comparison to commercial RT-PCRs. Using isolated RNA variplex™ RT-LAMP showed a sensitivity of 75 % compared to LightMix E gene RT-PCR but contrary to the latter it produced no false-positive results. For the evaluation of samples from respiratory secretions concordance analysis showed only a moderate agreement between the variplex™ RT-LAMP conducted on unprocessed samples and Allplex™ and VIASURE RT-PCRs (Cohen's κ ranging from 0.52−0.56). Using the approach to define a sample as true-positive when at least two assays gave a positive result the clinical sensitivities were as follows: 76.3 % for variplex™, 84.2 % for Allplex™ and 68.4 % for VIASURE. However, when results of RT-PCR and RT-LAMP were combined diagnostic sensitivity was increased to 92–100 %.
Characteristics and outcome of lung cancer patients and Covid-19 infection in a second-level hospital during the first 3 months of the pandemic	Rogado,  J,  Serrano-Montero, et al	Medicina clinica	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	In our study, we retrospectively describe the characteristics and evolution of lung cancer patients who have developed Covid-19, from March 5 to June 2, 2020. In addition, we observe whether there is higher mortality among patients with lung cancer compared to the general reference population of our center. Twenty-four lung cancer patients were diagnosed with Covid-19. Their median age was 70 years, the majority being males (n = 16, 66.7%). The most frequent subtype of lung cancer was non-small cell carcinoma (n = 21, 87.5%), with the majority presenting metastatic disease (n = 14, 58.3%). Twenty patients required admission (83.3%). Regarding mortality, 12 patients (50.0%) died from Covid-19.
Analysis of government budgeting for health: Case study of COVID-19 in east Java province, Indonesia	Rokhmah,  D,  Ridzkyanto, et al	Kesmas	Economics | Économie	The study aimed to describe the amount of COVID-19 and the use of funds for COVID-19 in East Java Province. The results showed that the total budget for COVID-19 in theprovince was worth IDR 2,102,600,000,000 divided for Curative IDR 727,654,880,535, Promotive Preventive IDR 97,134,092,873, Social Safety Net IDR877,301,513,766 and Recovery IDR 400,50,512,826. The total fund for COVID-19 per capita in the province was IDR1,997,139 divided for Curative IDR691,158, Promotive Preventive IDR 92,262, Social Safety Net IDR 833,299 and Recovery IDR 380,421. According to districts, the highest budgeting is JemberDistrict, Surabaya City, and Gresik District. The highest per-capita funds, according to districts/cities, are Batu City, Jember District, and Trenggalek District.
32877380; An infection-oriented approach for thoracic endovascular aortic repair in a SARS-CoV-2 positive patient. A case report	Rossi,  G,  Ferrari, et al	Annali Italiani di Chirurgia	Clinical data| Données cliniques	A 64-year-old woman presented to our emergency department during the outbreak of the covid-19 emergency in Italy with syncope, anosmia, mild dyspnoea and atypical chest and dorsal pain. A chest CT scan showed an acute type B aortic dissection (ATBAD) and bilateral lung involvement with ground-glass opacity, compatible with interstitial pneumonia. Nasopharyngeal swabs resulted positive for SARS-CoV-2. For the persistence of chest pain, despite the analgesic therapy, we decided to treat her with a thoracic endovascular aortic repair. Patient's chest and back pain resolved during the first few days after the procedure. No surgical or respiratory complications occurred and the patient was discharged 14 days after surgery.
Designing and Implementing Health Concerns Caused by the COVID-19 Pandemic: Explorative Study	Rostamzadeh,  M,  Z	Research Square prepub	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	a multi-stage mixed study conducted in 3 stages. Stage one was a qualitative study to prioritizing and determining concerns about coronavirus with an in-depth semi-structured interview. Stage two was another qualitative study to design an appropriate intervention through the Nominal group technique (NGT) by collecting the brainstorming’s health specialists or expert panel. Stage three was a quantitative study to determine the effect of BETTER therapy; the counseling method as a clinical intervention for high-risk populations who were randomly assigned to experimental or intervention and control groups.  In stage one, participants expressed five main concerns about COVID-19. In stage two, the health concern like inaccurate information and unpredictable disease were identified as the priority concerns preceded in designing the intervention. In stage three, a significant difference between the two groups presents the clinical intervention was effective in improving performance, marital intimacy, and reducing the subjects’ distress.
32780998; SARS-CoV-2-specific ELISA development	Roy,  V,  Fischinger, et al	Journal of immunological methods	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	Here we report on a qualified quantitative ELISA assay that displays all the necessary characteristics for high-throughput sample analysis. Collectively, this test offers a quantitative opportunity to define both exposure and levels of immunity to SARS-CoV-2.
Design of an active vision system for high-level isolation units through Q-learning	Ruiz,  AG,  Victores, et al	Applied Sciences (Switzerland)	Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI)	This work focuses on the study of Reinforcement Learning (RL) techniques for controlling a scanner prototype in the presence of blood traces on the PPE that could arise after contact with pathological patients. A preliminary study on the design of an agent-environment system able to simulate the required task is presented. . The obtained results report promising outcomes of an inspection system able to center and magnify contaminants in the real scanner system.
Epidemiology and Control of Two Epidemic Waves of SARS-CoV-2 in South Korea	Ryu,  Sukhyun,  Noh, et al	SSRN- Lancet prepublication	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	We analysed publicly available data on confirmed cases of COVID-19 outside of Daegu-Gyeongbuk Regions in South Korea during first (19 January–19 April 2020) and second (20 April–11 August 2020) epidemic waves. In early May, within 2-weeks of relaxation on strict social distancing measures, Rt increased rapidly from 0.2 to 2.3 within a week and was around 1 until early July. The most frequent clusters type were the religious related activities in both waves, but noticed more workplace-related clusters in the second wave. The proportion of asymptomatic cases at presentation increased from 22% during first wave to 27% during second wave. The proportion of unlinked local cases were similar in both waves (22% and 24%). Transmissions among same age were more common, and children were rarely infectors or infectees. The mean serial interval were similar (~3 days) in both waves.
Significance between Air pollutants, Meteorological Factors and COVID-19 Infections: Probable Evidences in India	Sahoo,  MM	Research Square prepub	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	The study intended to explore the correlation between air pollutants, meteorological factors and the daily reported infection cases caused by novel coronavirus in India. The daily positive infected cases, air pollution and meteorological factors in 288 districts were collected from January 30, 2020 to April 23, 2020 in India. The study indicated that a 10 µg/m3 increase during (Lag0-14) in PM2.5, PM10 and NO2 was resulted in 2.21% (95%CI: 1.13 to 3.29), 2.67% (95% CI: 0.33 to 5.01) and 4.56 (95% CI: 2.22 to 6.90) increase in daily counts of COVID 19 infected cases respectively. However, only 1 unit increase in meteorological factor levels in case of daily mean temperature and DTR during (Lag0-14) associated with 3.78% (95%CI: 1.81 to 5.75) and 1.82% (95% CI: -1.74 to 5.38) rise of COVID-19 infected cases respectively. In addition, SO2 and relative humidity were negatively associated with COVID-19 infected cases at Lag0-14 with decrease of 7.23% (95% CI: -10.99 to -3.47) and 1.11% (95% CI: -3.45 to 1.23) for SO2 and for relative humidity respectively.
COVID-19 and Indian Economy: Impact on Growth, Manufacturing, Trade and MSME Sector	Sahoo,  P,  Ashwani	Global Business Review	Economics | Économie	The study aims to make an assessment of COVID-19 on Indian economy by analysing its impact on growth, manufacturing, trade and micro, small and medium enterprises (MSME) sector, and highlights key policy measures to control the possible fallout in the economy. The impact of the pandemic across sectors and in different scenarios of complete, extended and partial lockdown, and at different levels of capacity utilization is massive on the Indian economy. India’s economy may barely manage to have a positive growth of 0.5 per cent in an optimistic scenario but also faces the possibility of a 3–7 per cent negative growth in worst case scenarios for the calendar year 2020. The impact is severe on trade, manufacturing and MSME sectors. The likely impact (deceleration) of COVID-19 from best case scenario to worst scenario are as follows: manufacturing sector may shrink from 5.5 to 20 per cent, exports from 13.7 to 20.8 per cent, imports from 17.3 to 25 per cent and MSME net value added (NVA) from 2.1 to 5.7 per cent in 2020 over previous year. The economy is heading towards a recession and the situation demands systematic, well targeted and aggressive fiscal-monetary stimulus measures. © 2020 International Management Institute, New Delhi.
Perspectives on the information and digital competence of social sciences students and faculty before and during lockdown due to covid-19	Sales,  D,  Cuevas-Cerveró, et al	Profesional de la Informacion	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	We analyze the perceptions of Social Sciences faculty about their own information and digital competence and that of their students, as well as the changes that have occurred as a consequence of the virtualization of learning caused by the coronavirus pandemic.  The results show that the faculty members participating in this study have a critical vision of the information and digital competence of the student body, indicating that they lack capacity for evaluation, critical use, and communication of information despite their mastery of technological tools and extensive use of mobile devices.
Epigenetic Evolution of ACE2 and IL-6 Genes as Non-Canonical Interferon-Stimulated Genes Correlate to COVID-19 Susceptibility in Vertebrates	Sang,  EricR,  Tian, et al	bioRxiv	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	The genes of host angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2, as the major virus receptor) and interleukin (IL)-6 (a key immune-pathological factor triggering cytokine storm) were shown to evince active epigenetic evolution via histone modification and cis/trans-factors interaction across different vertebrate species. Extensive analyses revealed that ACE2 ad IL-6 genes are among a subset of non-canonical interferon-stimulated genes (non-ISGs), which have been designated recently for their unconventional responses to interferons (IFNs) and inflammatory stimuli through an epigenetic cascade.
Forecasting COVID-19 Outbreak Progression Using Hybrid Polynomial-Bayesian Ridge Regression Model	Saqib,  M	Research Square prepub	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	In this study, we proposed a hybrid machine learning model that is not only predicted with good accuracy but also takes care of uncertainty of predictions.  This is a completely mathematical model in which we have successfully incorporated with prior knowledge and posterior distribution enables us to incorporate more upcoming data without storing previous data.
Recurrent pneumothorax in a COVID-19 patient: A case report	Sardenberg,  RAS,  Sant'Ana, et al	Respiratory Medicine Case Reports	Clinical data| Données cliniques	An 88-year-old woman diagnosed with COVID-19 in Brazil presented with recurrent pneumothorax. This brief report highlights that the conventional chest tube under suction procedures might be a good choice in Covid-19 patients.
32763458; Impact of the COVID-19 Lockdown Strategy on Vascular Surgery Practice: More Major Amputations than Usual	Schuivens,  PME,  Buijs, et al	Annals of Vascular Surgery	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown period on the number and type of vascular procedures performed in the operating theater. Measurements taken during the lockdown period have a significant effect on non–COVID-19 vascular patient care, which leads to an increased severe morbidity.
Duality between Coronavirus Transmission and Air-based Macroscopic Molecular Communication	Schurwanz,  M,  H	ArXiv	Transmission	A macroscopic molecular communication simulator is extended and used for estimating the transmission of infectious aerosols in different environments. The work is inspired by the recent outbreak of the coronavirus pandemic.
32839023; “Oh, this is actually okay”: Understanding how one state child welfare training system adapted to the COVID-19 pandemic	Schwab-Reese,  L,  Drury, et al	Child Abuse and Neglect	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The purpose of our project was to determine if there were differences in learning outcomes between child protection system caseworkers who completed training in the usual delivery methods (Pre-COVID) and the fully virtual delivery methods (Post-COVID). We also sought to understand any factors that facilitated or impeded successful virtual training during the pandemic. Overall, there were limited differences in learner outcomes before and after the transition to virtual training delivery.
Use and perception of telemedicine in people with type 1 diabetes during the COVID-19 pandemic—Results of a global survey	Scott,  SN,  Fontana, et al	Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study aimed to (1) gather real‐time information on the use and perception of telemedicine in people living with type 1 diabetes and (2) assess the challenges, such as restricted access to health care and/or medical supplies. Remote appointments have largely been perceived as positive in people with type 1 diabetes with the majority (75%) stating that they would consider remote appointments beyond the pandemic. Age and level of education do not appear to influence perception of telemedicine, whereas poor glucose control, particularly in males, seems to negatively affect perception.
Impact of covid-19 pandemic on psychological responses of the general population in india: A nationwide survey	Sebastian,  J,  Anand, et al	International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study was aimed to assess the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on mental health of the general public in India. The study found individuals who lived alone, lived in shared accommodation, or who did not have chronic illness were reported a higher prevalence of anxiety or depression, and accommodation type was associated with the distress level in comparison with their counterparts.
Impact of lockdown in India: A case study comparing karnataka with an international model	Sebastian,  S,  Paul, et al	Kesmas	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The objective of our present study was to assess the impacts and effectiveness of the lockdown protocol in Karnataka and Punjab, compared with the implementation of this method in Australia and the United Kingdom (UK). Our study revealed that the implementation of social distancing and lockdown reduced the transmission of the coronavirus and the number of cases reported. However, the effectiveness of lockdown varied among locations, due to demographic and physiological differences.
32876114; Assessment of dentists' awareness and knowledge levels on the Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19)	Sezgin,  GP,  ŞirinoĞlu Çapan, et al	Brazilian oral research	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge and awareness levels of dentists on COVID-19. 231 of 267 were determined (86.5%) as high knowledgeable. Positive associations between increased knowledge level and factors such as being a woman, working in a university hospital, and being informed outside the institution were determined. The knowledge level of the dentists working in Istanbul about the COVID-19 pandemic is quite high.
32879119; Mental health status of medical staff in the epidemic period of coronavirus disease 2019	Shen,  H,  Wang, et al	Zhong nan da xue xue bao.Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University.Medical sciences	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	We explore the psychological status of medical staff in the epidemic period of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and to analyze its influential factors. During the epidemic of COVID-19, medical staff suffered from psychological problems to various degrees. It is necessary to establish a psychological assistance platform and guide the direction of public opinion correctly to promote the mental health of medical staff.
COVID-19 and the Changes in the Sexual Behavior of Men Who Have Sex With Men: Results of an Online Survey	Shilo,  G,  Mor, et al	Journal of Sexual Medicine	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	We assess sexual behaviors and mental health of Israeli men who have sex with men (MSM) during social distancing and to compare sexual behaviors before and during social distancing, due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The negative feelings of distress due to social distancing should be considered as a potential barrier to adherence among vulnerable populations, such as MSM. Future public health response should strike a balance between containment measures and its possible mental, social, and financial burdens.
Conserved interactions required for in vitro inhibition of the main protease of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)	Shitrit,  Alina,  Zaidman, et al	bioRxiv	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	In this study we analyzed the available SARS-CoV-2 and the highly 33 similar SARS-CoV-1 crystal structures. The selected compounds from both screens were tested in vitro by a protease activity inhibition assay. Two compounds showed activity at the 50µM concentration range. Our analysis and findings can facilitate and focus the development of highly potent inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Modeling social distancing strategies to prevent SARS-CoV2 spread in Israel- A Cost-effectiveness analysis	Shlomai,  Amir,  Leshno, et al	medRxiv	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	To assist policy makers, we performed a cost-effectiveness analysis of lockdowns and alternative "testing, tracing, and isolation" approaches. A national lockdown has a moderate advantage in saving lives with tremendous costs and possible overwhelming economic effects.
32855060; Potentially fatal severe brady arrythmias related to Lopinavir-Ritonavir in a COVID 19 patient	Shree,  V,  En Liew, et al	Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection	Clinical data| Données cliniques	We report the first case of potentially fatal bradyarrhythmias with long sinus pauses due to Lopinavir-Ritonavir.
Families under Confinement: COVID-19, Domestic Violence, and Alcohol Consumption	Silverio-Murillo,  Adan	SSRN- Lancet prepublication	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	We estimate the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on domestic violence using two different data sources in Mexico City. We discover suggestive evidence that food assistance and support to micro-entrepreneurs mitigated domestic violence, but the alcohol ban did little to prevent household violence.
32730815; Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infection in Children with Pre-Existing Heart Disease	Simpson,  M,  Collins, et al	Journal of Pediatrics	Clinical data| Données cliniques	We present 7 children with congenital heart disease and coronavirus disease 2019. Of these, 5 were younger than 1 year of age and 3 had atrioventricular canal defect and trisomy 21. All 7 developed acute decompensation, with 1 death in an 18-year-old with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and other comorbidities.
Incidence and clinical course of COVID-19 in patients with rheumatologic diseases: A population-based study	So,  H,  Mak, et al	Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	The aim of this study is to examine the incidence and outcomes of all COVID-19 patients with rheumatologic conditions in Hong Kong. We found no alarming signals of increased frequency or severity of COVID-19 in patients with rheumatologic diseases, although extrapolation of the results to other populations with different infection control strategies should be made with caution.
Socio-emotional Strengths Against Psychopathology and Suicidal Ideation in Fear of Covid-19	Soto-Sanz,  V	Research Square prepub	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	COVID-19 leads to different types of psychosocial problems in society as a result of preventive health measures and the disease itself. Among others, psychopathological symptoms and suicide behaviors have increased. Sex and age did not influence the overall outcome of the model. This study can serve as a starting point for generating social and health treatment initiatives based on self-examination of anxiety-depressive symptoms and increasing socio-emotional skills in order to prevent and alleviate the psychosocial effects of the pandemic.
Online learning during the Covid-19 lockdown: Learners’ perceptions	Sreehari,  P	Journal of Critical Reviews	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	The objective of this study is to investigate the perceptions of students on online learning during the Covid-19 lockdown. A cohort of 88 students of Malla Reddy Engineering College (Autonomous), which is situated in Hyderabad, South India, participated in this study. The findings imply that educators should make their online classes more engaging and educational policy makers ought to take informed decisions about proportion of integration of in-class and online modes.
Utility of Real-Time Online Teaching During COVID Era Among Surgery Postgraduates	Srivastava,  V,  Pandey, et al	Indian Journal of Surgery	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the utility of online teaching for general surgery postgraduate residents at the end of 1 month of online teaching during the COVID-19 lockdown. It can be concluded that the online teaching is a feasible alternative to the physical class among surgical postgraduates. The questionnaire utilized in the present study can be used for assessing similar online teaching protocols.
32758319; The UK national registry of ENT surgeons with coronavirus disease 2019	Stephenson,  K,  Sowerby, et al	Journal of Laryngology and Otology	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI)	A national registry of UK ENT surgeons with suspected or confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 was created with the support of ENT UK. Voluntary entry was made by either the affected individual or a colleague, using a web-based platform. The registry suggests that a significant number of ENT clinicians in the UK have contracted coronavirus disease 2019, and supports the need for tailored personal protective equipment guidance and service planning.
32860780; An ecological analysis of long-term exposure to PM2.5 and incidence of COVID-19 in Canadian health regions	Stieb,  DM,  Evans, et al	Environmental research	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	We investigate the relationship between ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and COVID-19 incidence in Canadian health regions. Data were analyzed using negative binomial regression models. We observed a positive association between COVID-19 incidence and long-term PM2.5 exposure in Canadian health regions. The association was larger in magnitude and statistically significant in more highly affected health regions and those with potentially less exposure measurement error.
32859008; Optimization Rules for SARS-CoV-2 Mpro Antivirals: Ensemble Docking and Exploration of the Coronavirus Protease Active Site	Stoddard,  SV,  Stoddard, et al	Viruses	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	There is a need to study the active site preferences of relevant targets, such as the SARS-CoV-2 main protease (SARS-CoV-2 Mpro), to determine ways to optimize drug compounds. The ensemble docking and characterization work described in this article demonstrates the multifaceted features of the SARS-CoV-2 Mpro active site, molecular guidelines to improving binding affinity, and ultimately the optimization of drug candidates.
Postpartum psychosis in mothers with SARS-CoV-2 infection: A case series from India	Subramanyam,  AA,  Nachane, et al	Asian Journal of Psychiatry	Clinical data| Données cliniques	We report three cases of post-partum psychosis (PP) associated with asymptomatic COVID-19 managed at Topiwala National Medical College (TNMC) & B. Y. L. Nair Charitable Hospital (NH) in Mumbai, India.
Handling of public stigma on covid-19 in Indonesian society	Sulistiadi,  W,  Rahayu, et al	Kesmas	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This qualitative study examined some cases of stigma due to COVID-19 status in Indonesia patients, their families, healthcare workers, and cemetery officials.
A quick study on srl profiles of online learning participants during the anticipation of the spread of COVID-19	Sulisworo,  D,  Fatimah, et al	International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This research is a quantitative descriptive study to explain the Self-Regulated Learning (SRL) profile of Indonesian students in online learning which is carried out in COVID-19 emergencies.
The impact of large-scale social restrictions on the incidence of covid-19 : A case study of four provinces in Indonesia	Suraya,  I,  Nurmansyah, et al	Kesmas	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	This study aims at assessing the impact of large-scale social restriction measures on the incidence of COVID-19 cases in the four provinces of Indonesia.  West Java, East Java, Banten, and Jakarta  continue to experience a significant increase in COVID-19 incidence rate ratio after the first and second social restriction period implementation compared to the time before implementation.
Ivermectin as a promising RNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitor and a therapeutic drug against SARS-CoV2: Evidence from in silico studies	Swargiary,  A	SSRN- Lancet prepublication	Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	The present study investigates the binding property of ivermectin on four important drug targets, spike protein, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, 3-chymotrypsin- and papain-like proteases of SARS-CoV2. Docking study showed that ivermectin is the best binding drug compared to lopinavir and simeprevir. The best binding interaction was found to be -9.7kcal/mol with RdRp suggesting potential inhibitor of the protein.
32861625; De-isolation criterion of real-time PCR test in patients with COVID-19: Two or three consecutive negative nasopharyngeal swabs?	Syue,  LS,  Hung, et al	Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	This observation study is aimed to report the effect of different de-isolation criterion. Our case series support that prolonged shedding of SARS-CoV-2 RNA and intermittent detection of viral RNA in COVID-19 patients is not uncommon. The stricter de-isolation criterion of three consecutive negative results prolonged the isolation duration for at least 1 week or at most more than 6 weeks, as compared with the criterion of two consecutive negative results.
Viral Transmission and Clinical Features in Asymptomatic Carriers of SARS-CoV-2 in Wuhan, China	Tan,  F,  Wang, et al	Frontiers in Medicine	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Transmission Clinical data| Données cliniques	We report the clinical characteristics, viral shedding duration, and contact tracing for asymptomatic carriers of SARS-CoV-2 in Wuhan, China. The asymptomatic carriers were relatively young (median age: 34.5 years). Chest computed tomography showed no abnormalities. The median viral shedding duration was 11.5 days (max=2 months). The transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2 by the asymptomatic carriers appeared to be weak. Only one patient (1/12) was found to have transmitted the virus to another person.
32758307; The impact of coronavirus disease 2019 on head and neck cancer services: A UK tertiary centre study	Taylor,  R,  Omakobia, et al	Journal of Laryngology and Otology	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This is a retrospective review of all cases referred for suspected head and neck cancer to our institution during the COVID-19 pandemic. Fewer patients were referred, particularly elderly patients, and referrals for laryngopharyngeal reflux increased.
32761981; Impact of COVID-19 outbreak in reperfusion therapies of acute ischaemic stroke in northwest Spain	Tejada Meza,  H,  Lambea Gil, et al	European Journal of Neurology	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	The aim of the retrospective observational study was to analyse the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic outbreak on reperfusion therapies for acute ischaemic stroke in the northwest of Spain.  A decrease in the number of patients benefiting from reperfusion therapies was found, with a delay in out-of-hospital and door-to-needle times and worse reperfusion rates. COVID-19 patients had more in-hospital mortality.
32879116; Mental health of front-line staff in prevention of coronavirus disease 2019	Teng,  Z,  Huang, et al	Zhong nan da xue xue bao.Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University.Medical sciences	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	This study is to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on mental health in the front-line staff. The detection rates of depression, anxiety, and fatigue were 49.1%, 21.8%, and 76.0% among the front-line staff. The rates of depression, anxiety, and fatigue in community workers were higher than those in medical workers and other occupational staff.
Evolution of aesthetic surgery in India, current practice scenario, and anticipated post-COVID-19 changes: a survey-based analysis	Thakurani,  S,  Gupta, et al	European Journal of Plastic Surgery	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	The following study was conducted to ascertain the change that the COVID-19 pandemic has brought into aesthetic surgeons’ practice, patient management, planning and consultation. The effect of COVID-19 demands a major change in aesthetic surgeons’ professional practice like limiting consultations, changing hospital floor plan, following COVID testing, and having new safety protocols. The role of teleconsultation needs to be reprised and legalised.
The Impact of COVID-19 on Students' Marks: A Bayesian Hierarchical Modeling Approach	Tomal,  J,  R	Research Square prepub	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This study attempts to empirically measure the impacts of COVID-19 on students’ marks from eleven science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) courses using a Bayesian linear mixed effects model fitted to longitudinal data. We observed an increase in overall average marks for the courses requiring lower-level cognitive skills according to Bloom's Taxonomy and a decrease in marks for the courses requiring higher-level cognitive skills, where larger changes in marks were observed for the underachieving students.
Managing the effectiveness of e-commerce platforms in a pandemic	Tran,  LTT	Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services	Economics | Économie	Given the severe impacts of the Covid-19 pandemic on business activities, this study presents a systematic framework to examine the effect of the perceived effectiveness of e-commerce platforms (PEEP) on consumer's perceived economic benefits in predicting sustainable consumption. This study finds a positive moderating effect of pandemic fear on the relationships among PEEP, economic benefits, and sustainable consumption.
Awareness and Preparedness of COVID-19 Outbreak Among Healthcare Workers and Other Residents of South-West Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Survey	Tripathi,  R,  Alqahtani, et al	Frontiers in Public Health	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	This community-based, cross-sectional study was aimed to assess the level of awareness and preparedness to fight against COVID-19 among the healthcare workers (HCWs) and other residents of the South-West Saudi Arabia. Majority of respondents showed awareness of COVID-19 (98.7%). They were familiar with transmission routes and the associated symptoms and common causes of COVID-19. Health organizations were chosen as the most reliable source of information. Common preventative measures included hand hygiene (92.7%, social distancing (92.3%), avoiding traveling (86.9%) to an infected area or country and wearing face masks (86.5%)
Dynamic graph based epidemiological model for COVID-19 contact tracing data analysis and optimal testing prescription	Ubaru,  S,  H	ArXiv	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Transmission	In this study, we address three important challenges related to the COVID-19 pandemic, namely, (a) providing an early warning to likely exposed individuals, (b) identifying asymptomatic individuals, and (c) prescription of optimal testing when testing capacity is limited. We present a dynamic-graph based SEIR epidemiological model in order to describe the dynamics of the disease transmission. We present a few simulation results that illustrate the performance of the proposed framework.
Outcomes of Patients With Hypothyroidism and COVID-19: A Retrospective Cohort Study	van Gerwen,  M,  Alsen, et al	Frontiers in Endocrinology	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	The aim of the present retrospective cohort study was to identify a possible association between hypothyroidism and outcomes related to COVID-19.  Hypothyroidism was not associated with increased risk of hospitalization, mechanical ventilation, nor death.
Capacity-need gap in hospital resources for varying mitigation and containment strategies in India in the face of COVID-19 pandemic	Verma,  VR,  Saini, et al	Infectious Disease Modelling	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Transmission Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	We attempted this study to forecast the need for hospital resources for one year period and correspondingly assessed capacity and tipping points of Indian health system to absorb surges in need due to COVID-19. Our study used a SEIR model in order to project the need for hospital resources under three transmission curve scenarios: No lockdown, Moderate lockdown and Full lockdown across varying testing coverage. We also evaluated the extent to which the full lockdown and moderate lockdown delays the peak of outbreak. Our analysis of Indian healthcare system’s preparedness to absorb surges for infected cases exhibited pervasive deficits.
Prognostic Value of Lung Ultrasonography in Older Nursing Home Residents Affected by COVID-19	Veronese,  N,  Sbrogiò, et al	Journal of the American Medical Directors Association	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	This study investigated the prognostic role of the lung ultrasonographic (LUS) imaging in nursing home residents affected by COVID-19. LUS was able to significantly predict mortality in nursing home residents affected by COVID-19.
Prison population reductions and COVID-19: A latent profile analysis synthesizing recent evidence from the Texas state prison system	Vest,  NoelA,  Johnson, et al	medRxiv	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	Using latent profile analysis, we sought to characterize Texas prisons on levels of COVID-19 cases and deaths among incarcerated residents, and COVID-19 cases among prison staff. Housing persons at 85% of prison capacity may minimize the risk of infection and death related to COVID-19. Level of employee staffing also predicted membership in the high outbreak and high death profiles when compared to the low outbreak profile.
How Political is the Spread of COVID-19 in the United States? An Analysis using Transportation and Weather Data	Vombatkere,  K,  L	ArXiv	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie	We investigate the difference in the spread of COVID-19 between the states won by Donald Trump (Red) and the states won by Hillary Clinton (Blue) in the 2016 presidential election, by mining transportation patterns of US residents from March 2020 to July 2020. We observe that during the lock-down, Red and Blue states both displayed strong positive correlations between their travel patterns and infection rates. However, after states reopened we find that Red states had higher travel-infection correlations than Blue states in all five state clusters. We also use temperature data to attempt to explain the difference in the way residents travel and practice safety measures.
On-site analysis of COVID-19 on the surfaces in wards	Wan,  B,  Zhang, et al	Science of the Total Environment	Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI)	Herein, surface contamination in the ward was detected on-site using an RNA extraction-free rapid method. The whole detection process, from surface sample collection to readout of the detection results, was finished within 45 min. The test confirmed that 31 patients contaminated seven individual sites. Among the sampled surfaces, the electrocardiogram fingertip, the bedrails, and the door handle in the bathroom presented high contamination rates.
Multi-Objective Reinforcement Learning for Infectious Disease Control with Application to COVID-19 Spread	Wan,  R,  Z	ArXiv	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Economics | Économie	In this work, we propose a Multi-Objective Reinforcement Learning framework to facilitate the data-driven decision making and minimize the long-term overall cost (GDP loss).  The application is demonstrated with the spread of COVID-19 in China.
32879104; Clinical characteristics and the risk factors for severe events of elderly coronavirus disease 2019 patients	Wang,  G,  Wu, et al	Zhong nan da xue xue bao.Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University.Medical sciences	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	The objective of this study was to investigate the clinical characteristics and risk factors for severe events of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in elderly patients in China. The proportion of severe cases was 31.7%, and mortality was 1.7%. The median length of hospitalization and median virus shedding time were 18.5 days and 21 days, respectively. The proportion of severe cases in elderly COVID-19 patients is higher than that in young and middle-aged patients. CRP level has a good predictive value for the possibility of severe events in elderly COVID-19 patients.
Effect evaluation of non-pharmaceutical interventions taken in China to contain the COVID-19 epidemic based on the susceptible-exposed-infected-recovered model	Wang,  -X Z,  S	Research Square prepub	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	The spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) had resulted in 16 million infected individuals and 640000 deaths across the world as of July 27, 2020. Unfortunately, there is still no sign that the epidemic spread is slowing down. China, as the first country suffering from the widespread outbreak of the epidemic, has effectively contained the spread of the epidemic since March, 2020. Therefore, confirmed cases of COVID-19 from January 20 to March 18, 2020 were taken as the sample set to establish the susceptible-exposed-infected-recovered (SEIR) model. The model was used to analyze changes in the numbers of individuals becoming infected, exposed (latently infected), susceptible, and recovered in the experimental groups taking different non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) and in the control group not taking any NPIs, so as to evaluate effects of different NPIs. By doing so, the research expects to provide references to other countries for formulating corresponding policies. The results show that type-A NPIs for reducing daily contacts with infected and exposed cases and type-B NPIs for decreasing the probability of post-exposure infections both can delay the timing of large-scale infections of the susceptible population, timing of the number of exposed individuals to peak, and timing of peaking of the number of infected cases, as well as decrease the peak number of exposed cases. Moreover, type-B NPIs have more significant effects on susceptible and exposed populations. Type-C NPIs for improving the recovery rate of patients are able to effectively reduce the peak number of patients, greatly decrease the slope of the curve for the number of infected cases, substantially improve the recovery rate, and lower the mortality rate; however, these NPIs do not greatly delay the timing of the number of infected cases to peak. In addition to these, considering effects of different NPIs on the susceptible and exposed populations and in delaying the timing for the number of infected cases to peak, it is found that the government’s organization of medical supply related companies to resume production exerts the best effect. As for reducing the epidemic number of patients in the core epidemic area (CEA, Hubei Province), delivery and putting-into-operation of Leishenshan hospital shows the best effect, followed by dispatching of medical staff to support Wuhan, delivery and putting-into-operation of Huoshenshan hospital, and construction of mobile cabin hospitals.
32879117; Influential factors for insomnia in medical staff in the national medical aid team for Hubei Province during the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019	Wang,  Y,  Liu, et al	Zhong nan da xue xue bao.Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University.Medical sciences	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	The objective of this study was to investigate the insomnia status and relevant factors for the medical staff in the medical aid team for Hubei Province during the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019. Insomnia is very common among medical workers in Hubei Province during the COVID-19 epidemic. Insomnia is related to the medical work status, the gender and their own emotional management and regulation in the epidemic area.
Similarity Comparisons of SARS-CoV-2 Samples between Wuhan and G20	Wang,  Z,  Q	Research Square prepub	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	To analyze SARS CoV-2 genomes, this paper uses a viral genome collected in Wuhan as a basic sequence to select a set of genomes from G20 countries/regions for comparison. Two methods are applied in visualization followed in the A1 and C1 modules of the MAS to provide 1D similarity projection and information entropy approaches. For a pair of two genomes segmented as M segments to calculate base differences corresponding to each segment, a measuring vector can be generated to be projected as a visual map. Refined information will be provided to calculate the information entropy corresponding to base differences. This provides quantitative measures to organize these genomes arranged into a linear order. The first method uses a line chart representation to illustrate relevant differences among genomes 1 by 1 between Wuhan and other regions. The second method uses a histogram representation to observe the information entropy projection results. Significant similarities are observed among the differences with approximately equal entropies with higher similarity. Based on the comparison of gene sequence diagrams between Wuhan and various regions, a difference analysis was carried out.
Impacts of transportation and meteorological factors on the transmission of COVID-19	Wei,  JT,  Liu, et al	International journal of hygiene and environmental health	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Transmission Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	The ongoing pandemic of 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is challenging global public health response system. We aim to identify the risk factors for the transmission of COVID-19 using data on mainland China. We estimated attack rate (AR) at county level. Logistic regression was used to explore the role of transportation in the nationwide spread. Generalized additive model and stratified linear mixed-effects model were developed to identify the effects of multiple meteorological factors on local transmission. The ARs in affected counties ranged from 0.6 to 9750.4 per million persons, with a median of 8.8. The counties being intersected by railways, freeways, national highways or having airports had significantly higher risk for COVID-19 with adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of 1.40 (p = 0.001), 2.07 (p < 0.001), 1.31 (p = 0.04), and 1.70 (p < 0.001), respectively. The higher AR of COVID-19 was significantly associated with lower average temperature, moderate cumulative precipitation and higher wind speed. Significant pairwise interactions were found among above three meteorological factors with higher risk of COVID-19 under low temperature and moderate precipitation. Warm areas can also be in higher risk of the disease with the increasing wind speed. In conclusion, transportation and meteorological factors may play important roles in the transmission of COVID-19 in mainland China, and could be integrated in consideration by public health alarm systems to better prevent the disease. © 2020 Elsevier GmbH
Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) infection in a 3-month-old infant: Clinical features, treatment and probable route of transmission	Wei,  Y,  Liu, et al	IDCases	Clinical data| Données cliniques	This study aims to explore the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of infant patients with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) infection. Clinical and epidemiological data of a 3-month-old patient with COVID-19 were collected, including general status, clinical results, laboratory tests, imaging characteristics, and epidemiological reports. The infant had no fever but had mild respiratory symptoms. The major laboratory results included normal white blood cell counts and lymphocytopenia, notably with elevated interleukin (IL-)-17A, IL-17F, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-)-α. The main manifestation of his chest computed tomography scan was pulmonary patchy shadows. All throat swabs and urine of the infant detected via Real-time Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) were negative, but his anal swab continued to test positive up to 40 days after onset of illness. Our study indicated that infants infected with COVID-19 may have relatively mild symptoms or clinical signs, IL-17A, IL-17 F, and TNF-α could be involved in the immune response of COVID-19. In addition, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) may shed through the gastrointestinal tract and convalescent carriers may exist among infant patients. We cannot rule out the possibility that infants may acquire infection from breastfeeding. Intensive care and nutrition support are recommended for infant patients with mild symptoms
32879106; Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 patients complicated with liver injury	Wen,  M,  Lu, et al	Zhong nan da xue xue bao.Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University.Medical sciences	Clinical data| Données cliniques	OBJECTIVES: To analyze the clinical characteristics in patients of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) complicated with liver injury, to explore the relationship between COVID-19 clinical classification and liver injury, and to elucidate whether COVID-19 complicated with hepatitis B virus can aggravate liver injury. METHODS: The abnormal liver function in 110 patients in the First Hospital of Changsha, who were confirmed COVID-19 and admitted to the designated hospital from January 17, 2020 to February 20, 2020, wereretrospectively analyzed. The detection indexes included serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), albumin (ALB), and total bilirubin (TBIL). RESULTS: A total of 49.1% of the COVID-19 patients had liver injury. There were significant difference in the ALT, AST, ALB (all P0.05) between the severe (critical) patients and the general (light) patients. There was also no significant difference in the liver function injury between the HBsAg-positive COVID-19 patients and HBsAg-negative COVID-19 patients (P>0.05). Acute liver injury was not found to be a direct cause of death in the patients. CONCLUSIONS: In the COVID-19 patients, the incidence of liver injury is high with the increase of ALT and AST and the decrease of ALB. Severe and critical patients have obvious liver injury, and those patients complicated with hepatitis B virus infection don't show aggravated liver injury.
Disruption of paediatric orthopaedic hospital services due to the covid-19 pandemic in a region with minimal covid-19 illness	Wong,  FL,  Antoniou, et al	Journal of Children's Orthopaedics	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	Purpose This study was designed to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on paediatric orthopaedic services in a paediatric tertiary hospital in South Australia. Methods A retrospective audit was conducted of orthopaedic activity at a major paediatric tertiary hospital with a Level 1 paediatric trauma centre, where no patients were admitted with COVID-19 illness. Orthopaedic Emergency Department (ED) presentations, outpatient clinics and hospital admissions for the period between 16 March 2020 to 26 April 2020 were studied and compared with the same period in 2019 (18 March 2019 to 28 April 2019). Chi-square tests were performed with p < 0.05 indicating statistical significance. Results In total, 621 patients presented to the ED with orthopaedic complaints during the pandemic (versus 997 in 2019). However, there was minimal change in the number of ED presentations requiring admission (110 in 2020 versus 116 in 2019). Among patients discharged directly from ED, 27.3% received hospital outpatient referral (versus 39.1% in 2019), with the remaining patients referred to community health services or discharged directly. There was a 509.8% increase in telehealth (video and phone) outpatient consultations compared to 2019 and a 60.6% decline in face-to-face appointments. There was a total of 144 orthopaedic admissions (elective and emergency) compared to 184 in 2019. Admissions for children under seven remained unchanged (32.5% reduction in children aged seven and above). Conclusion Despite an overall decline in all paediatric orthopaedic hospital activity, the number of emergency admissions for musculoskeletal conditions did not change. Elective surgery numbers for children aged under seven were also unchanged. Appropriate planning and hospital resources allocation are necessary to meet this service requirement in future pandemics.
32879108; Effect of transfusion convalescent recovery plasma in patients with coronavirus disease 2019	Xiao,  K,  Lin, et al	Zhong nan da xue xue bao.Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University.Medical sciences	Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	OBJECTIVES: To evaluate curative effects of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients by the transfusion of other convalescent plasma. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of the clinical data of 18 patients with severe and critical COVID-19, who were hospitalized in the ICU of Xianghu Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University from February 1 to March 15, 2020. Patients were subdivided into an experimental group (n=6, who had transfused the plasma) and an observation group (n=12, who had no plasma transfusion). Basic clinical data and prognosis indexes of these two groups were compared. Moreover, for the experimental group, the dynamic changes of blood oxygen saturation before and after the transfusion, the changes of lymphocyte absolute value 48 hours after the transfusion, and the detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) nucleic acid were analyzed. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in age, gender, blood type and other basic clinical data between the two groups (all P>0.05).There were no significant differences in ventilator machine weaning time, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) weaning time, body temperature recovery to normal time, and hospitalization days between these two groups (all P>0.05). For the experimental group, before, during and after the convalescent plasma transfusion, the blood oxygen saturation of all 6 patients at all time (1, 6, 8, 12, 24, 36, and 48 h) was more than 90%, and there was no significant fluctuation. There were 3 patients whose absolute value of lymphocyte was increased 48 hours after the transfusion, and the remaining was decreased. There were 5 patients whose SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid detection turned negative 48 hours after the transfusion, accounting for 83.3%. CONCLUSIONS: Transfusion of convalescent plasma will not affect outcomesof COVID-19 patients, which can neutralize SARS-CoV-2 in patients and reduce the loading capacity of SARS-CoV-2.
32879082; Clinical characteristics of 71 patients with coronavirus disease 2019	Xiao,  M,  Hou, et al	Zhong nan da xue xue bao.Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University.Medical sciences	Clinical data| Données cliniques	OBJECTIVES: To analyze the clinical characteristics of 71 patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). METHODS: The general data, epidemiological data, laboratory tests, imaging examinations, and treatment of 71 patients with COVID-19 admitted to the Sixth People's Hospital of Zhengzhou from January 19, 2020 to March 3, 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: Of the 71 COVID-19 patients, the ages were 4-84 (41.29±15.21) years, 38 (53.5%) patients were male, 33 (46.5%) were female, and 52 (73.2%) were in 22 clusters. The main clinical manifestations were fever (78.9%), cough (64.8%), and sputum (38.0%). The fever was mainly low and moderate, with 49 patients (69.0%) at 37.3-39.0 ℃. Most of the leukocytes, neutrophils, and lymphocytes were normal, accounting for 47 (66.2%), 51 (71.8%), and 51 (71.8%) patients, respectively; a few of them were decreased, accounting for 21 (29.6%), 16 (22.5%), and 20 (28.2%) patients, respectively. There were 38 (53.5%) and 31 (43.7%) patients with the decreased CD4+ and CD8+ T cell counts, respectively. There were 41 (57.7%), 38 (53.5%), 32 (45.1%), 26(36.6%), 22 (31.0%), 20 (28.2%), 14 (19.7%), 14 (19.7%), and 9 (12.7%) patients with the increased levels of C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, procalcitonin, fibrinogen,interleukin 6, lactate dehydrogenase,D-dimer,alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase, respectively. Of the 71 patients, the lung was involved in 60 (84.5%) patients, the double lung was involved in 47 (66.2%) patients, and the single lung was involved in 13 (18.3%) patients. The course of the disease was long, and the time from symptom onset to the second severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) nucleic acid negative transformation was (17.22±6.34) days.There were no significant differences in the incubation period (t=-0.453, P>0.05), the complicates (χ2=0.042, P>0.05), and the time from symptom onset to diagnosis (t=-1.330, P>0.05) in patients between the non-severe group and the severe group. The onset age, gender, SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid negative time, lymphocyte count, D-dimer, C-reactive protein, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, lactate dehydrogenase, calcium ion, CD4+ T cell count, CD8+ T cell count, calcitonin, procalcitonin, and troponin were significantly different between the severe group and the non-severe group (all P<0.05). Among the 71 patients, 4 (5.6%) patients were mild, 59 (83.1%) were normal, and 8 (11.3%) were severe or critical. CONCLUSIONS: The aggregation phenomenon of COVID-19 is obvious. Fever and cough are the main clinical manifestations. White blood cells, neutrophils, and lymphocytes in the most patients in the early onset are normal. Most COVID-19 patients are light and ordinary type, with good prognosis.
Deep Learning-Based COVID-19 Diagnosis and Trend Predictions	Xie,  J,  Wang, et al	SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology	Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	During the Chinese Spring Festival travel rush in 2020, a new type of pneumonia disease, named COVID-19 subsequently broke out in Wuhan, Hubei province, China. The COVID-19 was quickly spreading in China and emerged nearly all over the world. In this chapter, our motivation is to adopt the deep learning techniques to help clinic doctors to diagnose the patients of COVID-19 and predict the trend of COVID-19. To realize our motivation, we on the one hand adopt deep learning techniques to analyse CT images of patients. The transfer learning and data augmentation techniques are adopted for the lacking of samples in our obtained CT image data set. We build a model by designing and training a new deep network to help clinic doctors to make an appropriate diagnose decision. On the other hand, according to the spreading characteristics of COVID-19 and the controlling measures adopted by Chinese government, we propose to modify the classic SEIR (susceptible-exposed-infectious-recovered) model and establish a new SEIR dynamics model with considering the infectiousness of the people in the latent period and the quarantine period. The appropriate parameters of our modified SEIR model are learned by using deep learning techniques. Our proposed deep learning-based diagnosis for COVID-19 can help medicine doctors to make an appropriate diagnostic decision. Our modified SEIR model can effectively predict the transmission trend of COVID-19 and can be used for short-term trend prediction of the epidemic.
Evaluation of hospital procedures and physicians' behavior on prevention of respiratory infections in hospitals in inner mongolia; a cross-sectional study using unannounced standardized patients	Xie,  Y,  Fan, et al	Acta Medica Mediterranea	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	Background: Nowadays, COVID-19 disease shot up world-wide which threat the global health, especially healthcare workers and patients in hospitals. The prevention of respiratory infections diseases (RID) is key to hospital-safety management. This study was to use unannounced standardized patients (USPs) to evaluate RID prevention in hospitals. Methods: 19 USPs observed both hospital and physicians' performance in 2 outpatient departments and an emergency department in 10 hospitals within 3 cities: Ordos, Baotou, and Hohhot, of Inner Mongolia. Results: The average scores of four items of hospital procedure was lower in Ordos than others. Ordos was the worst in ratings for items of provision of resources for hand hygiene and giving mask on request among the three cities and Hohhot got the highest scores. There existed a linear-quadratic relationship between scores at the hospital level and the physicians' behavior by GEE model. Jaccard similarity coefficient showed that agreement among observers on hospital level was better than that of the physicians' behavior with coefficients being 0.74 (SD=0.24) and 0.50 (SD=0.23), respectively. Conclusions: The quality of RID prevention was found insufficient in both domains in sample hospitals. The USP method is a useful tool in measuring health and medical care performance at both hospital and personnel levels
Evaluation of the consistency and detection capability of seven domestic 2019-nCoV nucleic acid detection kits	Xiong,  D,  Kan, et al	Chinese Journal of Laboratory Medicine	Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes	Objective: To compare the consistency and detection capability of seven 2019-nCoV nucleic acid detection kits, and provide reference for detection method selection of clinical laboratory and diagnosis of new coronavirus pneumonia. Methods: Two batches of pharyngeal swab samples were collected from tenpatients with confirmed infection of 2019-nCoV and 10 suspected patients with negative 2019-nCoV test results during January 29 to February 5, 2020 in Shenzhen Luohu People's Hospital. Seven kinds of kits were labeled as ato g and used for nucleic acid detection respectively to evaluate the consistency of the test results of the clinical samples. A 2019-nCoV positive specimen was selected and diluted to 5-concentration gradient plates (Level-1 to 5) with RNase-free water. The positive detection rate and intra-batch repeatability of different brands of kits were compared. Results: The negative and positive coincidence rates of twenty clinical samples tested by six kinds of kits were 100%, and the positive and negative coincidence rate was 8/10 and 10/10 for the other kit, respectively. The results of intra-batch repeatability showed the CVs of viral loads tested by these seven kits were all less than 5%. In the concentration range of Level-1 to 3, the detection capability for open reading frame (ORF)1ab gene of Kit b,d and f was lower than Kit a,c,e and g, and the detection capability of kit e and g was the highest (14/15). The detection capability for N gene of Kit a (15/15) was higher than the other 5 kits. The comprehensive analysis of the detection capability for ORF1ab and N gene showedthat Kit d had the lowest detection capability (ORF1ab:40%, N:53%), and there was no significant difference in the detection capability of Kit a, b, c, e, and f. Conclusions: There was no significant difference in the accuracy and repeatability of the seven kits for positive samples with high viral loads, and the detection performance was good; but some kits had poor detection capability for weak positive samples. It is suggested that the weak positive samples should be rechecked by at least two manufacturers' kits to ensure the accuracy of the results.
Clinical characteristics and outcomes of five critical COVID-19 patients treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in Leishenshan Hospital in Wuhan	Xuan,  W,  Chen, et al	Journal of clinical anesthesia	Clinical data| Données cliniques	In the present study, we describe the detailed clinical characteristics of five patients with critical COVID-19 infection treated with ECMO at Leishenshan Hospital, which is one of the designated hospitals to treat patients with COVID-19-related pneumonia in Wuhan, China
Remarkable immunogenicity and protective efficacy of BBV152, an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in rhesus macaques	Yadav,  P,  E	Research Square prepub	Vaccine Research| Recherche sur les vaccins Animal model | Modèle animal	The COVID-19 pandemic is a global health crisis that has severely affected mankind and posed a great challenge to the public health system of affected countries. The availability of a safe and effective vaccine is the need of the hour to overcome this crisis. Here, we have developed and assessed the protective efficacy and immunogenicity of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (BBV152) in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulata). Twenty macaques were divided into four groups of five animals each. One group was administered a placebo while three groups were immunized with three different vaccine candidates at 0 and 14 days. All the macaques were challenged with SARS-CoV-2 fourteen days after the second dose. The protective response was observed with increasing SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG and neutralizing antibody titers from 3rd-week post-immunization. Viral clearance was observed from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, nasal swab, throat swab, and lung tissues at 7 days post-infection in the vaccinated groups. No evidence of pneumonia was observed by histopathological examination in vaccinated groups, unlike the placebo group which showed features of interstitial pneumonia and localization of viral antigen in the alveolar epithelium and macrophages by immunohistochemistry. Data from this study substantiate the immunogenicity of the vaccine candidates and BBV152 is being evaluated in Phase I clinical trials in India (NCT04471519).
32879098; Demands and countermeasures for outpatients and emergency patients during the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 in large general hospital	Yang,  H,  Cao, et al	Zhong nan da xue xue bao.Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University.Medical sciences	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	OBJECTIVES: To discuss the demands and countermeasures for outpatients and emergency patients during the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in large general hospital. METHODS: By analyzing patients' demands, outpatient service system and emergency system complemented each other with the help of "internet medical" to provide online medical treatment, self-diagnosed pneumonia program, online pharmacies, outpatient appointment and online pre-examination services, open green channels for special patients, and to provide referral services for critical patients. The COVID-19 suspected patients and other common fever patients were separated from other patients. RESULTS: From January 28 to March 1, we have received 26 000 patients online, 1 856 special patients, 2 929 suspected patients and common fever patients including 31 confirmed patients, 0 case of misdiagnosis and cross-infection. CONCLUSIONS: Targeting patient's demands and taking appropriate measures are effective on meeting the needs of outpatients' and emergency patients' medical services.
Impact of household quarantine on SARS-Cov-2 infection in mainland China: A mean-field modelling approach	Yang,  J,  Wang, et al	Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Transmission Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique	The Chinese government enacted a series of containment strategies including household quarantine, trafic restriction, city lockdowns etc. we established a mean-field model, considering the substantial contact change under some restrictive measures, to study the dynamics of SARS-Cov-2 infection in mainland China. By the Metropolis-Hastings (M-H) algorithm of Markov Chain Monte Carlo numerical method, our model provided a good fitting to the overall trends of SARS-Cov-2 infections and discovers the transmission heterogeneities by some extreme containment strategies to some extent. The basic reproduction number was approximated to be 2:05 (95% CI 1.35,2.87]); the hospitalized cases arrived at the peak of 29766 (95% CI 29743,29868]) on February 7th (95% CI Feb.6th, Feb.8th]). Importantly, we identified that the highest risk group of SARS-Cov-2 was the family of four, which has the biggest probability of degree distributions at such node, suggesting that contact patterns play an important role in curtailing the disease spread.
Visualizations of Multiple Probability Measures for SARS-CoV-2 Genomes	Yao,  T,  Z	Research Square prepub	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie	SARS-CoV-2 genomes are collected from various open source genomic banks. A set of SARS-CoV-2 genomes are selected for visualization under both the A3 and C1 modules of the metagenomic analysis system MAS. Multiple probability measures are mapped as relevant 1D histograms, and it is convenient to observe distinct differences among various distributions to organize similar patterns into relevant groups. Sample genomes were processed, and their visual results were illustrated.
A predictive model of the temperature-dependent inactivation of coronaviruses	Yap,  TF,  Liu, et al	Applied Physics Letters	Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI)	The COVID-19 pandemic has stressed healthcare systems and supply lines, forcing medical doctors to risk infection by decontaminating and reusing single-use personal protective equipment. The uncertain future of the pandemic is compounded by limited data on the ability of the responsible virus, SARS-CoV-2, to survive across various climates, preventing epidemiologists from accurately modeling its spread. However, a detailed thermodynamic analysis of experimental data on the inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 and related coronaviruses can enable a fundamental understanding of their thermal degradation that will help model the COVID-19 pandemic and mitigate future outbreaks. This work introduces a thermodynamic model that synthesizes existing data into an analytical framework built on first principles, including the rate law for a first-order reaction and the Arrhenius equation, to accurately predict the temperature-dependent inactivation of coronaviruses. The model provides much-needed thermal decontamination guidelines for personal protective equipment, including masks. For example, at 70 °C, a 3-log (99.9%) reduction in virus concentration can be achieved, on average, in 3 min (under the same conditions, a more conservative decontamination time of 39 min represents the upper limit of a 95% interval) and can be performed in most home ovens without reducing the efficacy of typical N95 masks as shown in recent experimental reports. This model will also allow for epidemiologists to incorporate the lifetime of SARS-CoV-2 as a continuous function of environmental temperature into models forecasting the spread of the pandemic across different climates and seasons.
32873175; Doxycycline treatment of high-risk COVID-19-positive patients with comorbid pulmonary disease	Yates,  PA,  Newman, et al	Therapeutic Advances in Respiratory Disease	Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique	Infection with novel SARS-CoV-2 carries significant morbidity and mortality in patients with pulmonary compromise, such as lung cancer, autoimmune disease, and pneumonia. For early stages of mild to moderate disease, care is entirely supportive. Antiviral drugs such as remdesivir may be of some benefit but are reserved for severe cases given limited availability and potential toxicity. Repurposing of safer, established medications that may have antiviral activity is a possible approach for treatment of earlier-stage disease. Tetracycline and its derivatives (e.g. doxycycline and minocycline) are nontraditional antibiotics with a well-established safety profile, potential efficacy against viral pathogens such as dengue fever and chikungunya, and may regulate pathways important in initial infection, replication, and systemic response to SARS-CoV-2. We present a series of four high-risk, symptomatic, COVID-19+ patients, with known pulmonary disease, treated with doxycycline with subsequent rapid clinical improvement. No safety issues were noted with use of doxycycline. Doxycycline is an attractive candidate as a repurposed drug in the treatment of COVID-19 infection, with an established safety profile, strong preclinical rationale, and compelling initial clinical experience described here. The reviews of this paper are available via the supplemental material section.
Incidence, pattern and severity of abnormal liver blood tests among hospitalised patients with SARS-COV2 (COVID-19) in South Wales	Yeoman,  A,  Maggs, et al	Frontline Gastroenterology	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	Introduction: SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) is a novel coronavirus that emerged in Wuhan, China in late 2019 and since become a global pandemic. As such, its clinical behaviour is a subject of much interest. Initial reports suggested a significant proportion of patients have abnormal liver blood tests. Gwent has experienced one of the highest incidences of COVID-19 infection in the UK, which itself has among the highest COVID-19 impacts worldwide. Method: We set out to report the incidence, clinical pattern and severity of liver blood test abnormalities in hospitalised patients with confirmed COVID-19 in our institution over a 3-week period. Data on clinical outcomes such as admission to intensive therapy unit (ITU), hospital discharge and mortality were recorded. Results: 318 hospitalised COVID-19 positive had liver blood tests available for analysis. Ninety-seven patients (31%) had one or more abnormal liver blood tests and were abnormal admission in 64%. Liver tests were predominantly cholestatic (72%) in contrast to other studies to date. Male gender and abnormal liver blood tests were associated with ITU admission. Conclusions: Almost one-third of admissions with COVID-19 have abnormal LBTs which are typically mild and are associated with male gender. Importantly, we have identified that cholestatic patterns dominate but were not clearly associated with ITU admission or death.
The differential impact of COVID-19 on the work conditions of women and men academics during the lockdown	Yildirim,  TM,  Eslen-Ziya, et al	Gender, Work and Organization	Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique	That the COVID-19 pandemic has affected the work conditions of large segments of society is in no doubt. A growing body of journalistic accounts raised the possibility that the lockdown caused by the pandemic has affected women and men in different ways, due mostly to the traditionally gendered division of labour in society. We attempt to test this oft-cited argument by conducting an original survey with nearly 200 academics. Specifically, we explore the extent to which the effect of the lockdown on childcare, housework and home-office environment varies across women and men. Our results show that a number of factors are associated with the effect of the lockdown on the work conditions of academics at home, including gender, having children, perceived threat from COVID-19 and satisfaction with the work environment. We also show that having children disproportionately affects women in terms of the amount of housework during the lockdown.
32800800; In-hospital use of ACEI/ARB is associated with lower risk of mortality and critic illness in COVID-19 patients with hypertension	Yuan,  Y,  Liu, et al	Journal of Infection	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	Here, we present a retrospective study, analyzing use of different antihypertensive drugs and its association with various outcomes of COVID-19 patients with hypertension.
32879121; Medical students' mental health, professional pride, and intention to work in the front-line during coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic	Zhan,  J,  Sun, et al	Zhong nan da xue xue bao.Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University.Medical sciences	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	OBJECTIVES: To understand medical students' mental health, professional pride, and intention to work in the front-line during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, and provide a reference for psychological intervention. METHODS: We used the depression-anxiety-stress scale and self-designed questionnaire on professional pride, intention to work in the front-line and the extent of family support. Medical students from 4 medical schools in Fujian and Hunan were investigated. Their mental health status, professional pride and first-line work willingness with different characteristics were compared, and the influential factors for professional pride and first-line work willingness were analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 266 valid questionnaires were collected. During the pandemic, there were significant differences in the proportion of depressed students among different college and universities, majors and stages (P<0.05), and the professional pride was significantly different (P<0.001). Medical students with different mental health status showed significant differences in professional pride (P<0.01). Marriage, pressure and extent of family support were the influential factors for their professional pride (P<0.05). The latter two were also influential factors for their intention to work in the front-line (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: During the pandemic, students from college and nursing have relatively better mental health and higher professional pride. The professional pride is low in medical students who married, with abnormal stress or low family support. The intention to work in front-line is decreased in students with abnormal stress or low family support.
32855085; Experience of ST segment elevation myocardial infarction management during COVID-19 pandemic from the mainland of China	Zhang,  F,  Song, et al	Cardiovascular Revascularization Medicine	Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé	Background: The pandemic of COVID-19 has created a crisis in healthcare systems across the globe. This situation would affect the diagnosis and treatment of patients with STEMI. The outbreak was under improved control in the mainland of China. We here describe the impact of this pandemic on STEMI patient's management. Methods: Information of STEMI patient management was collected from the CPC data reporting platform. We compared these with data of patients from the same period in 2018 and 2019. Also we made an analysis of those characteristics in each month in 2020. Results: There was 51.4% decrease of STEMI patients admitted to hospital during the peak period of COVID-19 epidemic. The ratio of no reperfusion of STEMI patients is more than 10% higher in 2020 than 2018, 2019. The percentage of STEMI patients received fibrinolysis in 2020 was 2 to 3 times higher than that in 2018, 2019, while the volume of PPCI dropped by more than half. The mortality rate of whole cohort and perioperative was the highest in February 2020. Conclusions: COVID-19 pandemic dramatically reduced the number of STEMI patients attending hospital and delay the time to treatment and consequently, a higher in-hospital mortality. The benefits of thrombolysis during the pandemic remain to be proven
32879101; Coagulation and immune function indicators for monitoring of coronavirus disease 2019 and the clinical significance	Zhang,  J,  Li, et al	Zhong nan da xue xue bao.Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University.Medical sciences	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Immunology | Immunologie	OBJECTIVES: To explore the significance of coagulation and immune function indicators in clinical diagnosis and treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). METHODS: All patients with COVID-19 diagnosed and treated in First People's Hospital of Yueyang from January to March 2020 were enrolled. The general data of patients were collected. The patients were assigned into a light group (n=20), an ordinary group (n=33), a severe group (n=23), and a critically severe group (n=7) according to the severity of the disease. Coagulation and immune function indicators of each group were compared, and the relevance of coagulation and immune function indicators was analyzed. RESULTS: The age of COVID-19 patients in Yueyang City was mainly between 45 and 65 years old. There was a significant difference in the coagulation function and immune-related indicators in each group of patients (all P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: There are some abnormalities in coagulation and immune function in patients with COVID-19, which possess significance for clinical diagnosis and treatment of the disease.
Single Cell RNA-seq Data Analysis Reveals the Potential Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Among Different Respiratory System Conditions	Zhang,  Q,  Yue, et al	Frontiers in Genetics	Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Immunology | Immunologie	COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019) has been an ongoing pandemic, resulting in an increase in people being infected globally. Understanding the potential risk of infection for people under different respiratory system conditions is important and will help prevent disease spreading. We explored and collected five published and one unpublished single-cell respiratory system tissue transcriptome datasets, including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), aging lungs (mouse origin data), lung cancers, and smoked branchial epithelium, for specifically reanalyzing the ACE2 and TMPRSS2 expression profiles. Compared to normal people, we found that smoking and lung cancer increase the risk for COVID-19 infection due to a higher expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 in lung cells. Aged lung does not show increased risk for infection. IPF patients may have a lower risk for original COVID-19 infection due to lower expression in AT2 cells but may have a higher risk for severity due to a broader expression spectrum of TMPRSS2. Further investigation and validation on these cell types are required. Nonetheless, this is the first report to predict the risk and potential severity for COVID-19 infection for people with different respiratory system conditions. Our analysis is the first systematic description and analysis to illustrate how the underlying respiratory system conditions contribute to a higher infection risk.
32593746; Interleukin-6 and severity of COVID-19 patients in Hefei, China	Zhao,  Z,  Xie, et al	Medecine et Maladies Infectieuses	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Immunology | Immunologie	In the present study, we analysed clinical and laboratory data from 75 patients with confirmed COVID-19 hospitalised in a designated hospital in Hefei, Anhui province, China, and investigated potential indicators for infection severity.
Altered blood cell traits underlie a major genetic locus of severe COVID-19	Zhou,  Jingqi,  Sun, et al	medRxiv	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	Purpose: The genetic locus 3p21.31 has been associated with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but the underlying pathophysiological mechanism is unknown. Methods: To identify intermediate traits of the COVID-19 risk variant, we performed a phenome-wide association study (PheWAS) with 923 phenotypes in 310,999 European individuals from UK Biobank. For candidate target genes, we examined associations between their expression and the polygenic score (PGS) of 1,263 complex traits in a meta-analysis of 31,684 blood samples. Results: Our PheWAS identified and replicated multiple blood cell traits to be associated with the COVID-19 risk variant, including monocyte count and percentage (p = 1.07e-8, 4.09e-13), eosinophil count and percentage (p = 5.73e-3, 2.20e-3), and neutrophil percentage (p = 3.23e-3). The PGS analysis revealed positive associations between the expression of candidate genes and genetically predicted counts of specific blood cells: CCR3 with eosinophil and basophil (p = 5.73e-21, 5.08e-19); CCR2 with monocytes (p = 2.40e-10); and CCR1 with monocytes and neutrophil (p = 1.78e-6, 7.17e-5). Conclusions: Multiple blood cell traits, especially monocyte, eosinophil, and neutrophil numbers, are associated with the COVID-19 risk variant and the expression of its candidate target genes, representing probable mechanistic links between the genetic locus 3p21.31 and severe COVID-19.
32879107; Clinical characteristics of 16 patients with fecal severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 nucleic acid-positive	Zhou,  Y,  Xiao, et al	Zhong nan da xue xue bao.Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University.Medical sciences	Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques	OBJECTIVES: To analyze the clinical characteristics of fecal severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) nucleic acid-positive in patients with coronavirus dasease 2019 (COVID-19) and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of this disease. METHODS: The clinical data of 16 patients with fecal SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid positive, who hospitalized in the North Branch of the First Hospital of Changsha (Changsha Public Health Rescue Center) from January to February 2020, were retrospectively analyzed. Their clinical manifestations, laboratory data and imaging data were summarized. RESULTS: Among the 16 patients, there were 9 males (56.25%) and 7 females (43.75%), the ratio of males to females was 1∶1.29. The age of onset was (43.3±14.6) years. There were 15 patients with contact history of Wuhan, 1 patient with contact history of local patient.Twelve patients were common type (75%), and 4 patients were severe type (25%). Clinical symptoms included fever in 14 patients (87.5%), cough in 12 patients (75%), shortness of breath in 5 patients (31.25%), pharyngalgia in 10 patients (62.5%), fatigue in 7 patients (43.75%), and diarrhea in 4 patients (25%). There were 14 patients (87.5%) with normal or decreased white blood cell count, 11 patients (68.75%) with decreased lymphocyte count, 15 patients (93.75%) with increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate, 13 patients (81.25%) with increased hypersensitivity C-reactive protein, 5 patients (31.25%) with increased procalcitonin, and 8 patients (50%) with increased serum ferritin in peripheral blood, and stool routine was basically normal. Compared with the common type, there was significant difference in the white blood cell and lymphocyte counts in the severe type (P<0.01); the infection indicators, such as hypersensitivity C-reactive protein and serum ferritin, were significantly increased, with significant difference (all P<0.01); but the procalcitonin and erythrocyte sedimentation rate was not significantly different (both P>0.05). Chest CT mainly showed patchy shadows and interstitial changes. According to imaging examination, 4 patients (25%) showed unilateral pneumonia and 12 patients (75%) showed bilateral pneumonia. CONCLUSIONS: The patients have the clinical symptoms of COVID-19, but gastrointestinal symptoms (such as diarrhea) are more common, and the changes of white blood cell count, lymphocyte count, hypersensitivity C-reactive protein, ferritin are more obvious in severe patients.The positivity of fecal nucleic acid suggests the possibility of digestive tract transmission of SARS-CoV-2, and fecal nucleic acid testing can be used as a routine testing method in clinical practice.
Possible treatments of sars-cov-2 with synthetic and natural therapeutics: A narrative review	Ahmed,  SBM,  Ahmed, et al	Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Innate Immune Responses to Highly Pathogenic Coronaviruses and Other Significant Respiratory Viral Infections	Ahmed-Hassan,  H,  Sisson, et al	Frontiers in Immunology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Tuberculosis Control: An Overview	Alene,  KA,  Wangdi, et al	Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Causes and treatment of Covid-19: Myths vs Facts	Ali,  SM,  Hashmi, et al	Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
32874038; Guidelines and Recommendations for Tonometry Use during the COVID-19 Era	Almazyad,  EM,  Ameen, et al	Middle East African journal of ophthalmology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Medical systems' quality evaluated by perceptions of nursing care: Facing covid 19 pandemic	Althobaiti,  S,  Alharthi, et al	International Journal for Quality Research	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Safety and Efficacy of Antiviral Drugs for the Treatment of Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-analyses	Aponte Torres,  Zuleika,  Lopez-Leon, et al	medRxiv	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	SR-MA: Five databases were screened from inception to 27-Aug-2020. There is evidence that Remdesivir and LPV/r reduces the hospital length of stay and that patients to which antivirals were administered had less SAE and improvement when compared to patients not prescribed with antivirals.
Managing diabetic foot in times of COVID-19: time to put the best ‘foot’ forward	Atri,  A,  Kocherlakota, et al	International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Treatment and follow-up recommendations in acute respiratory distress syndrome due to COVID-19 infection	Aydogdu,  M	Journal of Critical and Intensive Care	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
32839114; CSANZ Position Statement on COVID-19 From the Paediatric and Congenital Council✰	Ayer,  J,  Anderson, et al	Heart Lung and Circulation	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Initiating global civil society as a strategy for handling the covid-19 public health threat: A policy review	Ayuningtyas,  D,  Haq, et al	Kesmas	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Curcumin (a constituent of turmeric): New treatment option against COVID-19	Babaei,  F,  Nassiri-Asl, et al	Food Science and Nutrition	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
The effects of Hedera helix on viral respiratory infections in humans: A rapid review	Barnes,  LA,  Leach, et al	Advances in Integrative Medicine	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	Rapid Review: Medline (Ovid); EMBASE (Ovid); AMED (Ovid); CINAHL (EBSCO); Web of Science; Scopus were searched. Current evidence suggests H. helix may improve the frequency and intensity of cough associated with viral respiratory infection.
The hmox1 pathway as a promising target for the treatment and prevention of sars-cov-2 of 2019 (Covid-19)	Batra,  N,  De Souza, et al	International Journal of Molecular Sciences	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
32818606; Chest physiotherapy: An important adjuvant in critically ill mechanically ventilated patients with COVID-19	Battaglini,  D,  Robba, et al	Respiratory Physiology and Neurobiology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
32876224; Agentes potencialmente terapéuticos contra el SARS-CoV-2: revisión rápida de la evidencia	Bendezu-Quispe,  G,  Rodríguez-Zúñiga, et al	Revista peruana de medicina experimental y salud publica	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
32846164; COVID-19: Pathophysiology, treatment options, nanotechnology approaches, and research agenda to combating the SARS-CoV2 pandemic	Bhavana,  V,  Thakor, et al	Life Sciences	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
32869267; Ageing, sex, obesity, smoking and COVID-19 - truths, myths and speculations	Białas,  AJ,  Kumor-Kisielewska, et al	Advances in respiratory medicine	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Manangement of endotracheal intubation in suspected or confirmed covid-19 patients	Boyaci Dundar,  N	Journal of Critical and Intensive Care	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
32880149; Differential diagnosis of hydroxychloroquine-induced retinal damage	Budzinskaya,  MV,  Durzhinskaya, et al	Vestnik oftalmologii	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Nasal disinfection for the prevention and control of COVID-19: A scoping review on potential chemo-preventive agents	Cegolon,  L,  Javanbakht, et al	International journal of hygiene and environmental health	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	ScR: Online databases were searched to identify papers published during 2010–2020.  Effective and safe chemo-prophylactic drugs against SARS-CoV-2 do not exist yet but most eligible candidates are already in the market. Whilst the human nasal cavity is the port of entry for SARS-CoV-2, the mouth is involved as exit site through emission of respiratory droplets.
An overview of literature on COVID-19, MERS and SARS: Using text mining and latent Dirichlet allocation	Cheng,  X,  Cao, et al	Journal of Information Science	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
32880304; Diabetes mellitus and COVID-19: A review and management guidance for South Africa	Coetzee,  A,  Taljaard, et al	South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
COVID-19 and Africa: Surviving between a rock and a hard place	de Aranzabal,  M,  Fumadó, et al	Anales de Pediatria	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
COVID-19 pandemic! It's impact on people, economy, and environment	Debata,  B,  Patnaik, et al	Journal of Public Affairs	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Assessment of ecological hazards and environmental fate of disinfectant quaternary ammonium compounds	DeLeo,  PC,  Huynh, et al	Ecotoxicology and environmental safety	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
32876318; Care for frontline health care workers in times of COVID-19	Demartini,  K,  Konzen, et al	Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
32859813; The Aftermath of COVID-19 Lockdown- Why and How Should We Be Ready?	Deora,  H,  Sadashiva, et al	Neurology India	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Debatable points of using angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor antagonists in patients with COVID-19	Drapkina,  OM,  Vasilyeva, et al	Cardiovascular Therapy and Prevention (Russian Federation)	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Measures for the protection of health personnel in the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19)	Elizarrarás-Rivas,  J,  Cruz-Ruiz, et al	Revista Mexicana de Anestesiologia	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Clinical Presentation, Treatment, and Mortality Rate in Liver Transplant Recipients With Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Systematic Review and Quantitative Analysis	Fraser,  J,  Mousley, et al	Transplantation proceedings	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	SR: systematic search was performed for articles published up to June 15, 2020.  In conclusion, liver transplant recipients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 are overrepresented with regard to severe disease and hospitalizations. Older liver transplant patients with diabetes mellitus or hypertension, who are on maintenance corticosteroids, with a diagnosis of COVID-19 and describing breathlessness should be aggressively monitored for signs of deterioration because of the risk for mortality.
32880403; COVID-19 and Family Law Decision-Making	Freckelton,  I	Journal of law and medicine	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
32880398; COVID-19: Criminal Law, Public Assemblies and Human Rights Litigation	Freckelton,  I	Journal of law and medicine	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Tobacco smoking and COVID-19: An old enemy in a new guise. Review of current publications	Gambaryan,  MG,  Drapkina, et al	Cardiovascular Therapy and Prevention (Russian Federation)	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
32877391; Cardiovascular implications of SARS-CoV-2 infection: A literature review	García-Saavedra,  MB,  Rosales-Gutiérrez, et al	Medwave	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
COVID-19 infection—update: What should the vascular surgeon know?	Gassanov,  N,  Braun Lambur, et al	Gefasschirurgie	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
32880263; COVID-19 antibody testing: From hype to immunological reality	Gray,  CM,  Peter, et al	South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
32859812; ISNO Position Statement on Treatment Guidance in Neuro-oncology During Pandemics	Gupta,  T,  Singh, et al	Neurology India	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Effects of COVID-19 on the Nervous System	Iadecola,  C,  Anrather, et al	Cell	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
The implications of COVID-19 for gastroenterology and hepatology: A state-of-the-art review	Jack,  K	Gastrointestinal Nursing	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Robotic Drones for COVID-19 Outbreak	Jat,  DS,  Singh, et al	SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Protocol of recommendations for the perioperative management of the surgical patient COVID-19: «Code PO COVID-19»	Jiménez-Dávila,  O,  Lorenzo-Betancourt, et al	Revista Mexicana de Anestesiologia	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
The COVID-19 crisis and sustainability in the hospitality industry	Jones,  P,  Comfort, et al	International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
COVID-19 and nutrition: New emphases, old priorities (review of guidelines)	Karamnova,  NS,  Drapkina, et al	Cardiovascular Therapy and Prevention (Russian Federation)	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Surface disinfection to protect against microorganisms: Overview of traditional methods and issues of emergent nanotechnologies	Kchaou,  M,  Abuhasel, et al	Applied Sciences (Switzerland)	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Treatment and control strategies for COVID-19: Prospects and possibilities	Khan,  K,  Yaqub, et al	Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Newly emerging human coronaviruses: Animal models and vaccine research for SARS, MERS, and COVID-19	Lee,  P,  Kim, et al	Immune Network	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
PTSD treatment in times of COVID-19: A systematic review of the effects of online EMDR	Lenferink,  LIM,  Meyerbröker, et al	Psychiatry research	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	SR: There is an urgent need to further examine the effects of online EMDR for PTSD, before its wider dissemination is warranted.
32879105; Coronavirus disease 2019 in the elderly: Clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment strategies	Li,  Y,  Wang, et al	Zhong nan da xue xue bao.Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University.Medical sciences	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
32863947; Nanomedicine therapies modulating Macrophage Dysfunction: a potential strategy to attenuate Cytokine Storms in severe infections	Liu,  J,  Wan, et al	Theranostics	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
32858226; SARS-CoV-2 another kind of liver aggressor, how does it do that?	Lozano-Sepulveda,  S,  Galan-Huerta, et al	Annals of Hepatology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Data Analytics: COVID-19 Prediction Using Multimodal Data	Mahalle,  PN,  Sable, et al	SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
32858801; HIV and Human Coronavirus Coinfections: A Historical Perspective	Makoti,  P,  Fielding, et al	Viruses	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
“Critical quality attributes of rapid test kits – A practical overview”	Manta,  P,  Kapoor, et al	Journal of Critical Reviews	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
A Review of the Dermatological Manifestations of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)	Marraha,  F,  Al Faker, et al	Dermatology Research and Practice	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Civil courts and COVID-19: Challenges and opportunities in Australia	McIntyre,  J,  Olijnyk, et al	Alternative Law Journal	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Treatment of Coagulopathy in COVID-19 Patients: A scoping review	MORI,  H,  O	SSRN- Lancet prepublication	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	ScR: MEDLINE, CENTRAL, WHO-ICTRP, ClinicalTrial.gov and PROSPERO were used. The anticoagulants are limited to heparinoids, and the study designs were of low quality. Further studies with an improved design are needed to compare other available anticoagulants.
Cardiovascular system in COVID-19: Simply a viewer or a leading actor?	Mottola,  FF,  Verde, et al	Life	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Review of trial therapies and treatment for covid-19: Lessons for Indonesia	Mukhlida,  HZ,  Khairunnisa, et al	Kesmas	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
32878468; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Impact on the Central Nervous System: Are Astrocytes and Microglia Main Players or Merely Bystanders?	Murta,  V,  Villarreal, et al	ASN Neuro	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
A brief outline of respiratory viral disease outbreaks: 1889–till date on the public health perspectives	Noor,  R,  Maniha, et al	VirusDisease	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Effect of coronavirus disease 2019 in pulmonary circulation. The particular scenario of precapillary pulmonary hypertension	Nuche,  J,  de la Cal, et al	Diagnostics	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
32876127; Adolescents' health in times of COVID-19: a scoping review	Oliveira,  WA,  Silva, et al	Cadernos de saude publica	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	ScR: Web of Science, CINAHL, PsycINFO, SciELO, and PUBCOVID19 were searched. his scoping review addressed an emerging theme in relation to a population that has received little attention in studies on COVID-19. The results suggest that the pandemic can be considered a determinant that affects different dimensions of adolescents' lives.
Determination of diagnosis and disease severity, hospital and intensive care unit admission criteria in COVID-19	Ortac Ersoy,  E	Journal of Critical and Intensive Care	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Traveler's infections: Understanding SARS-CoV-2 as a potential agent	Oti,  VB,  Ioannou, et al	Kesmas	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Telemedicine in Pediatric Sleep	Paruthi,  S	Sleep Medicine Clinics	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
No benefit of hydroxychloroquine in COVID-19: Results of Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials”	Pathak,  DSK,  Salunke, et al	Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research and Reviews	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	SR-MA: PubMed, Scopus, MedRxiv data and Cochrane Central Register of Clinical Trials were searched. The present evidence shows no benefit of hydroxychloroquine in patients affected by mild to moderate COVID-19 disease.
COVID-19 in Children: Present and Future Perspective, An Interim Review	Patnaik,  S,  Behera, et al	Journal of Child Science	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Covid-19 effects on municipal solid waste management: What can effectively be done in the Brazilian scenario?	Penteado,  CSG,  Castro, et al	Resources, Conservation and Recycling	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Palliative care for patients with SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 infection; proposal for a model of care	Pérez-Moreno,  DP,  López-Ramírez, et al	Revista Mexicana de Anestesiologia	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
32738394; A review of respiratory protection measures recommended in Europe for dental procedures during the COVID-19 pandemic	Persoon,  IF,  Stankiewicz, et al	Journal of Hospital Infection	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
32876316; Laboratory diagnosis for Covid-19: A mini-review	Pizzol,  JLD,  Hora, et al	Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Perioperative management of the COVID-19 patient with cardiac, renal and neurological conditions	Portela-Ortiz,  J,  Garza-Benavides, et al	Revista Mexicana de Anestesiologia	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Hygiene and sanitation challenge for covid-19 prevention in Indonesia	Purnama,  SG,  Susanna, et al	Kesmas	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Multi-system inflammatory syndrome in children & adolescents (MIS-C): A systematic review of clinical features and presentation	Radia,  T,  Williams, et al	Paediatric Respiratory Reviews	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	SR:  a higher incidence of gastrointestinal symptoms were noted in MIS-C. In contrast to acute Covid-19 infection in children, MIS-C appears to be a condition of higher severity with 68% of cases having required critical care support.
Estimates of serial interval for COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis	Rai,  B,  Shukla, et al	Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	SR-MA: Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, and Science Direct, and google were searched with no restriction on time. The information on serial interval can be useful in developing various policies regarding contact tracing and monitoring community transmission of COVID-19.
Enhancing policies and measurements of family business: macro, meso or micro analysis	Ratten,  V,  Jones, et al	Journal of Family Business Management	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
This time was different: the budgetary responses to the pandemic-induced crisis in Estonia	Raudla,  R,  Douglas, et al	Journal of Public Budgeting, Accounting and Financial Management	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Immunomodulatory-based therapy as a potential promising treatment strategy against severe COVID-19 patients: A systematic review	Razmi,  M,  Hashemi, et al	International immunopharmacology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	SR: systematic literature search was carried out up to May 27, 2020, in four databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase) and also Clinicaltrials.gov. This review indicates that immunomodulatory therapies are potentially effective for COVID-19 and provides comprehensive information for clinicians to fight this outbreak.
Efficacy of cloth face mask in reducing covid-19 transmis s ion: A literature review	Rizki,  SA,  Kurniawan, et al	Kesmas	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Speech intelligibility in respiratory protective equipment - Implications for verbal communication in critical care	Round,  M,  Isherwood, et al	Trends in Anaesthesia and Critical Care	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
32859053; Nano-Vesicle (Mis)Communication in Senescence-Related Pathologies	Saheera,  S,  Potnuri, et al	Cells	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Bone Metabolism in SARS-CoV-2 Disease: Possible Osteoimmunology and Gender Implications	Salvio,  G,  Gianfelice, et al	Clinical Reviews in Bone and Mineral Metabolism	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Remote pathology education during the COVID-19 era: Crisis converted to opportunity	Samueli,  B,  Sror, et al	Annals of Diagnostic Pathology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
A holistic-comprehensive approach: Best practices to improve Health Policy for COVID-19 Pandemic	Setyawan,  FEB,  Lestari, et al	Kesmas	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
GoCoronaGo: Privacy Respecting Contact Tracing for COVID-19 Management	Simmhan,  Y,  R	ArXiv	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Pharmacological Advances of Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine: From Antimalarials to Investigative Therapies in COVID-19	Song,  Y,  Fields, et al	Natural Product Communications	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Coronavirus Outbreak: Multi-Objective Prediction and Optimization	Thakur,  NV	SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Novel coronavirus infection SARS-CoV-2 in elderly and senile patients: Prevention, diagnosis and treatment. Expert Position Paper of the Russian Association of Gerontology and Geriatrics	Tkacheva,  ON,  Kotovskaya, et al	Cardiovascular Therapy and Prevention (Russian Federation)	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Oral disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs and immunosuppressants with antiviral potential, including SARS-CoV-2 infection: a review	Tsai,  YC,  Tsai, et al	Therapeutic Advances in Musculoskeletal Disease	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
32763447; COVID-19 response in low- and middle-income countries: Don't overlook the role of mobile phone communication	Verhagen,  LM,  de Groot, et al	International Journal of Infectious Diseases	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Amplifying the Patient Voice: Key Priorities and Opportunities for Improved Transplant and Living Donor Advocacy and Outcomes During COVID-19 and Beyond	Waterman,  AD,  Gleason, et al	Current Transplantation Reports	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Rapid Scoping Review of Evidence of Outdoor Transmission of COVID-19	Weed,  Mike,  Foad, et al	medRxiv	Review Literature| Revue de littérature	ScR:  The review found very few examples of outdoor transmission of COVID-19 in everyday life among c. 25,000 cases considered, suggesting a very low risk. However risk of outdoor transmission increases when the natural social distancing of everyday life is breached, and gathering density, circulation and size increases, particularly for an extended duration.
32876296; Pregnancy and COVID-19: management and challenges	Wenling,  Y,  Junchao, et al	Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
32879112; Potential pathogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2	Wu,  T,  Zhang, et al	Zhong nan da xue xue bao.Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University.Medical sciences	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
32879099; Nursing standard of internet-based rehabilitation for patients with coronavirus disease 2019	Yan,  J,  Yang, et al	Zhong nan da xue xue bao.Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University.Medical sciences	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
A review of clinical practice guidelines and treatment recommendations for cancer care in the COVID-19 pandemic	Zaniboni,  A,  Ghidini, et al	Cancers	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Special issues in diagnosis of Kawasaki disease	Zhang,  Q,  Du, et al	Chinese Journal of Applied Clinical Pediatrics	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
The COVID‑19 pandemic as a scientific and social challenge in the 21st century	Zoumpourlis,  V,  Goulielmaki, et al	Molecular Medicine Reports	Review Literature| Revue de littérature
Roadmap for Resuming Elective Neuroendovascular Procedures Following the First COVID-19 Surge	Abdalkader,  M,  Sathya, et al	Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Low dose radiation therapy and convalescent plasma: How a hybrid method may maximize benefits for covid-19 patients	Abdollahi,  H,  Shiri, et al	Journal of Biomedical Physics and Engineering	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32880408; Access to Health and Medical Research: Lessons from the COVID-19 Pandemic	Aboyeji,  FO	Journal of law and medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32877491; Recommendations from the Brazilian Society of Nephrology regarding the use of cloth face coverings, by chronic kidney patients in dialysis, during the new coronavirus pandemic (Covid-19)	Abreu,  AP,  Moura Neto, et al	Jornal brasileiro de nefrologia : 'orgao oficial de Sociedades Brasileira e Latino-Americana de Nefrologia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32877489; The Brazilian Society of Nephrology and the Covid-19 Pandemic	Abreu,  AP,  Riella, et al	Jornal brasileiro de nefrologia : 'orgao oficial de Sociedades Brasileira e Latino-Americana de Nefrologia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Teaching quantitative ecology online: An evidence-based prescription of best practices	Acevedo,  MA	Ecology and Evolution	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Racism: A Public Health Crisis	Acosta,  KL	City and Community	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 loosening: We know what we don't know	Adam,  W	Deutsches Arzteblatt International	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Covid-19 pandemic and online learning: the challenges and opportunities	Adedoyin,  OB,  Soykan, et al	Interactive Learning Environments	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Information and communication during the early months of COVID-19: Infodemics, misinformation, and the role of information professionals	Aleixandre-Benavent,  R,  Castelló-Cogollos, et al	Profesional de la Informacion	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32771402; COVID-19 associated invasive candidiasis	Al-Hatmi,  A,  Mohsin, et al	Journal of Infection	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32872374; Antiviral Functional Foods and Exercise Lifestyle Prevention of Coronavirus	Alkhatib,  A	Nutrients	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32873056; Challenges in the Management of Sickle Cell Disease During SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic	Alsayegh,  F,  Mousa, et al	Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Changes in healthcare managing COVID and non–COVID-19 patients during the pandemic: striking the balance	Al-Tawfiq,  J,  Al-Yami, et al	Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32879675; Creating a COVID-19 Action Plan for GME Programs	Anton,  M,  Wright, et al	Journal of graduate medical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Vaccines of Covid-19	Arafat,  SM,  Samanta, et al	Journal of the Indian Medical Association	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Investing scientific research outputs in light of crises and disasters: (COVID-19 crisis as a model)	Arnout,  BA	Journal of Public Affairs	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Ethnographic research method for psychological and medical studies in light of COVID-19 pandemic outbreak: Theoretical approach	Arnout,  BA,  Abdel Rahman, et al	Journal of Public Affairs	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Integrating libraries into online university learning: The current situation in Spain	Arroyo-Vázquez,  N,  Gómez-Hernández, et al	Profesional de la Informacion	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Rehabilitation of post-covid-19 patients	Asly,  M,  Hazim, et al	Pan African Medical Journal	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19: Loose Ends	Atre,  MP	SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Influence of COVID-19 on dentists a routine dental practice in Libya	Aymen,  A,  Gasibat, et al	Journal of Oral Research	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
In a Covid-19 World, Can Hotel Workers Keep Their Gains?	Bacon,  D	New Labor Forum	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Psychological risk factors for healthcare professionals in the epidemic process	Bana,  PE	Asia Pacific Journal of Health Management	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The maternal death drive: Greta Thunberg and the question of the future	Baraitser,  L	Psychoanalysis, Culture and Society	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Transformation of a recreational youth group into community service group during the COVID-19 pandemic	Barbhuiya,  F,  Mazmuder, et al	Social Work with Groups	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32876177; COVID-19 and Uncertainty: Lessons from the Frontline for Promoting Shared Decision Making	Barreto-Filho,  J,  Veiga, et al	Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Ensuring health equity during the COVID-19 pandemic: The role of public health infrastructure	Benjamin,  GC	Revista Panamericana de Salud Publica/Pan American Journal of Public Health	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32839072; Disproportionate decline in admissions for exacerbated COPD during the COVID-19 pandemic	Berghaus,  TM,  Karschnia, et al	Respiratory medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32874073; COVID-19, a Disease of Enigma: Why Pregnant Women are Less Vulnerable?	Berhan,  Y	Ethiopian journal of health sciences	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32874089; Will Africa be Devastated by Covid-19 as Many Predicted? Perspective and Prospective	Berhan,  Y	Ethiopian journal of health sciences	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32883088; Methodological Issues and Controversies in COVID-19 Coagulopathy: A Tale of Two Storms	Berkman,  SA,  Tapson, et al	Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32866276; Pandemic Poses Legal Pitfalls: TMA Seeks Better Liability Shields	Berlin,  J	Texas medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32872705; The Tele-Future is Now: Will Telemedicine's Footprint Be Permanent Post-COVID-19?	Berlin,  J	Texas medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
GACETA SANITARIA's response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Rapid management and transfer	Bermúdez-Tamayo,  C,  Hernández, et al	Gaceta Sanitaria	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Journalism, public health, and COVID-19: some preliminary insights from the Philippines	Bernadas,  JMAC,  Ilagan, et al	Media International Australia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32781087; Intracranial hemorrhage related to brain vascular disease and COVID-19 containment: Where are the patients?	Bernat,  AL,  Gaberel, et al	Neurochirurgie	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Propolis and its potential against SARS-CoV-2 infection mechanisms and COVID-19 disease: Running title: Propolis against SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19	Berretta,  AA,  Silveira, et al	Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32847650; Epidemics and pandemics as high consequence events: Expanding leadership challenges and responsibilities in business continuity during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond	Biddle,  CJ	Journal of business continuity & emergency planning	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
PMC7337825; Corrigendum to: Supporting Hospital Staff During COVID-19: Early Interventions	Billings,  J,  Greene, et al	Occup Med (Lond)	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Using Video Conferencing Applications to Share the Death Experience During the COVID-19 Pandemic	Billingsley,  L	Journal of Radiology Nursing	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32874935; Changing the COVID-19 Narrative in Africa: Using an Implementation Research Lens to Understand Successes and Plan for Challenges Ahead	Binagwaho,  A,  Frisch, et al	Annals of global health	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32838988; Indication of glucocorticoid pulses for patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection	Blasco Patiño,  F,  Guillamón Sánchez, et al	Medicina clinica	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32872703; Telemedicine During the COVID-19 Crisis and Beyond	Blevins,  T,  Ozer, et al	Texas medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32847651; Epidemics and pandemics: Effects on societal and organisational resilience	Blyth,  M,  Mallett, et al	Journal of business continuity & emergency planning	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 Apps: Privacy and Security Concerns	Borra,  S	SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
2020 SSCA Presidential Address: Activists at the Crossroads	Bourland-Davis,  P	Southern Communication Journal	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32586917; Response to: Â € Experience of telemedicine use in a big cohort of patients with rheumatoid arthritis during COVID-19 pandemic' by Santos-Moreno et al	Bozzalla Cassione,  E,  Zanframundo, et al	Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32768698; Hydroxychloroquine in COVID-19: Taking care of statistics to take care of patients	Brito-Azevedo,  A	International Journal of Infectious Diseases	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
What the web has wrought	Bryant,  A	Informatics	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Neurologist s role during the sars-COV-2 pandemic	Bucior,  E,  Sienkiewicz-Jarosz, et al	Postepy Psychiatrii i Neurologii	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32877494; Good practices recommendations from the Brazilian Society of Nephrology to Peritoneal Dialysis Services related to the new coronavirus (Covid-19) epidemic	Calice-Silva,  V,  Cabral, et al	Jornal brasileiro de nefrologia : 'orgao oficial de Sociedades Brasileira e Latino-Americana de Nefrologia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
What to give to a patient suspected of being infected by COVID-19?	Calva y Rodríguez,  RG	Revista Mexicana de Pediatria	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Practical guidelines for the anesthesia management of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19)	Carrillo-Esper,  R,  Mejía-Terrazas, et al	Revista Mexicana de Anestesiologia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Political communication and COVID-19: Strategies of the government of Spain	Castillo-Esparcia,  A,  Fernández-Souto, et al	Profesional de la Informacion	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Automated on-line microspe clean-up of quechers extracts for pesticides analysis	Cavagnino,  D,  Jacob, et al	LC-GC North America	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Importance of oral hygiene as a preventive measure against possible COVID-19 complications	Cayo-Rojas,  C,  Cervantes-Ganoza, et al	Journal of Oral Research	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The Interaction Effect of Crisis Communication and Social Support on The Emotional Exhaustion of University Employees during the COVID-19 Crisis	Charoensukmongkol,  P,  Phungsoonthorn, et al	International Journal of Business Communication	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Community Detection using Unsupervised machine learning technique on COVID -19 dataset	Chaudhary,  L,  S	Research Square prepub	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Disability Discrimination, Medical Rationing and COVID-19	Chen,  B,  McNamara, et al	Asian Bioethics Review	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32871864; COVID-19 in hematological malignancy patients: A protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis	Chen,  C,  Weng, et al	Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32878559; Respiratory management for patients with neuromuscular disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic	Chen,  TH,  Hsu, et al	Therapeutic Advances in Respiratory Disease	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32855037; Combined interventions to suppress R0 and border quarantine to contain COVID-19 in Taiwan	Chen,  YH,  Fang, et al	Journal of the Formosan Medical Association	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Pandemics and the future of human-landscape interactions	Chin,  A,  Simon, et al	Anthropocene	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Lifestyle-related liver disease: An avalanche warning	Clayton,  M	Gastrointestinal Nursing	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32877497; COMDORA-SBN recommendations for patients with rare kidney diseases in relation to the Covid-19 pandemic	Colares,  VS,  Miranda, et al	Jornal brasileiro de nefrologia : 'orgao oficial de Sociedades Brasileira e Latino-Americana de Nefrologia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Racism, Unrest, and the Role of the Museum Field: A Conversation at the American Alliance of Museums Virtual Annual Meeting (2020)	Cole,  JB,  Bunch, et al	Curator	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
A dramatic reduction in surgical consults in a University Teaching Hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic	Connelly,  TM,  Bass, et al	Surgeon	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32859365; Oesophageal manometry and gas exchange in patients with COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome	Coppola,  S,  Pozzi, et al	British journal of anaesthesia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
From slavery and colonialism to Black Lives Matter: new mood music or more fundamental change?	Cornelius,  N	Equality, Diversity and Inclusion	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Tools to measure the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic: What do we have in the platter?	Cortez,  PA,  Joseph, et al	Asian Journal of Psychiatry	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Snatching the Crown from SARS-CoV-2	Coughlan,  L	Cell Host and Microbe	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Impact of COVID-19 on the Consumer Electronics Market	Coughlin,  T	IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
All in it Together? The Unlikely Rebirth of Covid Corporatism	Coulter,  S	Political Quarterly	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Harnessing co-operative immune augmentation by contact allergens to enhance the efficacy of viral vaccines	Cunningham,  LS,  McFadden, et al	Contact dermatitis	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32847744; Reply to ‘Delirium, sleep, COVID-19 and melatonin’	D'Agostino,  A,  Zambrelli, et al	Sleep medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32880400; How COVID-19 Highlights an Ongoing Pandemic of Neglect and Oppression When It Comes to Women's Reproductive Rights	Dahlen,  HG,  Kumar-Hazard, et al	Journal of law and medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
AI-Enabled Framework to Prevent COVID-19 from Further Spreading	Dalip,  Deepika	SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32829742; Impact of coronavirus pandemic and containment measures on HIV diagnosis	Darcis,  G,  Vaira, et al	Epidemiology and infection	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Preparing educators for the time of COVID … and beyond	Darling-Hammond,  L,  Hyler, et al	European Journal of Teacher Education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Accessibility, diversity, and inclusion in the UK meetings industry	Dashper,  K,  Finkel, et al	Journal of Convention and Event Tourism	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 and African immigrants in North Africa; A hidden pandemic in a violent region	Daw,  MA,  E	Research Square prepub	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32847730; Surgical training during the COVID-19 pandemic: Challenges and opportunities for junior trainees	de Berker,  HT,  Bressington, et al	Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32876112; The interference of COVID-19 in the male reproductive system: Important questions and the future of assisted reproduction techniques	de Carvalho,  RC,  Groner, et al	Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil)	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Transmural addiction care in times of COVID-19 outbreak	de Cauwer,  H,  Leenders, et al	Tijdschrift voor Psychiatrie	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The effects of Contractual Non-performance caused by Force Majeure	de la Maza Gazmuri,  Í,  Olivares, et al	Revista de Derecho Civil	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32880338; Research on COVID-19 in South Africa: Guiding principles for informed consent	De Vries,  J,  Burgess, et al	South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Hybrid tracheotomy. A valid alternative for obese critical patients COVID-19	del Castillo Pardo de Vera,  JL,  Cebrián Carretero, et al	Revista espanola de anestesiologia y reanimacion	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32877492; Covid-19 (Sars-Cov-2 Infection) Information for Patients with Predialytic Chronic Kidney Disease	Delfino,  VDA,  Nascimento, et al	Jornal brasileiro de nefrologia : 'orgao oficial de Sociedades Brasileira e Latino-Americana de Nefrologia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Commentary: SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry Depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and Is Blocked by a Clinically Proven Protease Inhibitor	Djomkam,  ALZ,  Olwal, et al	Frontiers in Oncology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Academic Conferences during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Personal Look Back at XP 2020	Doležel,  M	Acta Informatica Pragensia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Older patients with a psychiatric disorder and covid-19: Four waves of health risks	Dols,  A,  Rhebergen, et al	Tijdschrift voor Psychiatrie	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Cooperation among health science library professionals in response to the covid-19 pandemic	Domínguez-Aroca,  MI,  Grupo, et al	Profesional de la Informacion	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32758325; Health economics and emergence from lockdown: The great big marginal analysis	Donaldson,  C,  Mitton, et al	Health Economics, Policy and Law	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Perspectives on meeting the COVID-19 testing challenge: A dental school collaborative	Donoff,  RB,  Poznansky, et al	Journal of dental education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19: A global pandemic	Downing,  S	SA Pharmaceutical Journal	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32863022; Histopathology of cutaneous COVID-19 lesion: possible SARS-CoV-2 cytopathogenic effect	Drak Alsibai,  K,  Michaud, et al	Pathology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Health promotion and prevention of chronic noncommunicable diseases in a pandemic and self-isolation. Consensus of experts from the National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine and the Russian Society for the Prevention of Noncommu	Drapkina,  OM,  Gambaryan, et al	Cardiovascular Therapy and Prevention (Russian Federation)	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19: Urgent questions for estimating morbidity, prevalence, case fatality rate and mortality rate	Drapkina,  OM,  Samorodskaya, et al	Cardiovascular Therapy and Prevention (Russian Federation)	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Reimagining homelessness assistance for children and families	Duffield,  B	Journal of Children and Poverty	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Media narratives of kindness − a critique	Dutta,  M,  Elers, et al	Media International Australia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19: What antibodies can do	Eckert,  N	Deutsches Arzteblatt International	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32687386; Computed Tomography Vascular Tree-in-Bud: A Novel Prognostic Imaging Biomarker in COVID-19?	Eddy,  RL,  Sin, et al	American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19: Is It Raining (on) Cats and Dogs?	Ellis,  JA	Advances in Small Animal Medicine and Surgery	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19: urgency for distancing from domestic violence	Ertan,  D,  El-Hage, et al	European Journal of Psychotraumatology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32880294; Prioritising action on diabetes during COVID-19	Erzse,  A,  Fraser, et al	South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32859361; Maintaining education and professional development for anaesthesia trainees during the COVID-19 pandemic: the Self-isolAting Virtual Education (SAVEd) project	Eusuf,  DV,  England, et al	British journal of anaesthesia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32880287; Maximising the efficiency of surveillance for COVID-19 in dialysis units in South Africa: The case for pooled testing	Fadal,  R,  Wadee, et al	South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32880298; COVID-19 in pregnancy in South Africa: Tracking the epidemic and defining the natural history	Fairlie,  L,  Sawry, et al	South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19: The need for screening for domestic violence and related neurocognitive problems	Fares-Otero,  N,  Pfaltz, et al	Journal of psychiatric research	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children related with 2019 Novel Coronavirus infection	Feng,  Z,  Bao, et al	Chinese Journal of Applied Clinical Pediatrics	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32876197; The Other Side of the Coin: Risks of Media Discussions of Scientific Medical Data During the COVID-19 Pandemic	Fernandes,  CJ,  Ganem, et al	Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32876113; Characteristics and outcomes of patients with COVID-19 admitted to the ICU in a university hospital in São Paulo, Brazil - study protocol	Ferreira,  JC,  Ho, et al	Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil)	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Healthcare personnel and COVID-19: Infection rates are on the rise	Fischer-Fels,  J	Deutsches Arzteblatt International	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Redeployed staff and better teamwork: How COVID-19 has transformed nursing	Forbes,  P,  Finch, et al	Nursing management	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Enhancing junior doctors' working lives	Forsythe,  RO,  Suttie, et al	Surgery (United Kingdom)	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32877498; Hemodialysis Vascular access maintenance in the Covid-19 pandemic: Positioning paper from the Interventional Nephrology Committee of the Brazilian Society of Nephrology	Franco,  RP,  Costa, et al	Jornal brasileiro de nefrologia : 'orgao oficial de Sociedades Brasileira e Latino-Americana de Nefrologia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32880397; Perils of Precipitate Publication: Fraudulent and Substandard COVID-19 Research	Freckelton,  I	Journal of law and medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32880407; International Access to Public Health Data: An Important Brazilian Legal Precedent	Freckelton,  I,  Raposo, et al	Journal of law and medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Learning and the pandemic: What’s next?	Fullan,  M	Prospects	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Rebel Governance at the Time of Covid-19: Emergencies as Opportunities for Rebel Rulers	Furlan,  M	Studies in Conflict and Terrorism	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Combating Digital Health Inequality in the Time of Coronavirus	Gann,  B	Journal of Consumer Health on the Internet	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32876086; Telemedicine, legal certainty, and COVID-19: where are we?	Garcia,  MVF,  Garcia, et al	Jornal brasileiro de pneumologia : publicacao oficial da Sociedade Brasileira de Pneumologia e Tisilogia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19: It marks a before and after in Mexico, final point or period?	García-Bolaños,  C,  Villasís-Keever, et al	Revista Mexicana de Pediatria	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The role of simulation as an educational strategy in the COVID-19 pandemic	Garduñdo-López,  AL,  Guido-Guerra, et al	Revista Mexicana de Anestesiologia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32880285; COVID-19 in South Africa: An occupational disease	George,  R,  George, et al	South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Alcohol and smoking: The COVID-19 pandemic as an ideal breeding ground for addictions	Georgiadou,  E,  Hillemacher, et al	Deutsches Arzteblatt International	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32859362; Pre-procedural screening for COVID-19 with nasopharyngeal polymerase chain reaction testing	Gershengorn,  HB,  Warde, et al	British journal of anaesthesia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The urgency of mitigating the psychological impacts of COVID-19 lockdowns on parents of mentally disabled children	Ghafoor,  A,  Hussain, et al	Asian Journal of Psychiatry	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32828636; Patient-reported Experience Measure for Neuro-oncology Telephone Clinics during the COVID-19 Pandemic	Ghimire,  P,  Lavrador, et al	Clinical oncology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 Biomarkers in research: Extension of the OncoMX cancer biomarker data model to capture biomarker data from other diseases	Gogate,  Nikhita,  Lyman, et al	bioRxiv	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32880292; COVID-19: UCT-Africa Virtual ENT transcends academic silos through videoconferencing academic meetings and ward rounds	Goncalves,  N,  Din, et al	South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32879113; Antiviral therapy for coronavirus disease 2019	Gong,  S,  Su, et al	Zhong nan da xue xue bao.Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University.Medical sciences	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32619697; Clinical recurrences of COVID-19 symptoms after recovery: Viral relapse, reinfection or inflammatory rebound?	Gousseff,  M,  Penot, et al	Journal of Infection	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32880300; The use of disinfection tunnels or disinfectant spraying of humans as a measure to reduce the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus	Gray,  CL,  Van Niekerk, et al	South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The emergency department during the corona pandemic: Fewer non-COVID-19 emergencies	Gries,  A	Deutsches Arzteblatt International	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32876199; Position Statement of the Brazilian Society of Cardiology Department of Exercise Testing, Sports Exercise, Nuclear Cardiology, and Cardiovascular Rehabilitation (DERC/SBC) on Activities Within its Scope of Practice During the COVID-19 Pandemic	Grossman,  GB,  Sellera, et al	Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Will COVID-19 be one shock too many for smallholder coffee livelihoods?	Guido,  Z,  Knudson, et al	World Development	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32859856; COVID-19 and Child Neurology Care	Gulati,  S,  Gupta, et al	Neurology India	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32859807; The Need to Change and the Necessity to Evolve During the COVID-19 Pandemic	Guleria,  R	Neurology India	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32859516; ‘New Normal’ in Covid-19 Era: A Nursing Perspective From Thailand	Gunawan,  J,  Aungsuroch, et al	Journal of the American Medical Directors Association	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Social Distancing and Artificial Intelligence—Understanding the Duality in the Times of COVID-19	Gupta,  D,  Mahajan, et al	SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32874010; Sofosbuvir for COVID-19 infection: A potential candidate	Gupta,  R,  Dhamija, et al	Indian journal of pharmacology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
La alta direccion en tiempos de COVID-19	Gutiérrez,  MIR,  Sánchez, et al	Revista alergia Mexico	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32833208; Isolation and Propagation of Coronaviruses in Embryonated Eggs	Guy,  JS	Methods in Molecular Biology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Aktualisierte Empfehlungen zu SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 in Schwangerschaft, Geburt und Wochenbett	Hagenbeck,  C,  Hecher, et al	Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32880394; Picture of a pandemic: visual aids in the COVID-19 crisis	Hamaguchi,  R,  Nematollahi, et al	Journal of public health (Oxford, England)	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Emerging pharmacy services; Recommendations for emergency care of COVID-19 pandemic in low and middle-income countries	Hamid,  H,  Masood, et al	Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32735699; Paediatric/congenital cardiology physician scientists—An endangered species	Hansmann,  G,  Bezzerides, et al	European journal of clinical investigation	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The Covid-19 crisis and manufacturing: How should national and local industrial strategies respond?	Harris,  JL,  Sunley, et al	Local Economy	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Positively Charged Electroceutical Spun Chitosan Nanofibers Can Protect Health Care Providers From COVID-19 Infection: An Opinion	Hathout,  RM,  Kassem, et al	Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Collective action during the Covid-19 pandemic: The case of Germany’s fragmented authority	Hattke,  F,  Martin, et al	Administrative Theory and Praxis	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 loosening: Return to "old" normality	Heinrich,  T	Deutsches Arzteblatt International	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Robotic transformative service research: deploying social robots for consumer well-being during COVID-19 and beyond	Henkel,  AP,  Čaić, et al	Journal of Service Management	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
What does degrowth mean? A few points of clarification	Hickel,  J	Globalizations	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Refection on our leadership during COVID-19: challenging our resilience	Hill,  R,  Butnoris, et al	Journal of Pharmacy Practice and Research	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32880282; The unanticipated costs of COVID-19 to South Africa's quadruple disease burden	Hofman,  K,  Madhi, et al	South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Offline: The crisis of political language	Horton,  Richard	The Lancet	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Hemodialysis in COVID-19 patients: Yes or no? A commentary	Hosseini,  A,  Bahramnezhad, et al	Oman Medical Journal	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32833205; Isolation and Tissue Culture Adaptation of Porcine Deltacoronavirus: A Case Study	Hu,  H,  Jung, et al	Methods in Molecular Biology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32871898; Traditional Chinese medicine for corona virus disease 2019: A protocol for systematic review	Huang,  J,  Wu, et al	Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32879100; Medical work guide for physician during the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (trial edition)	Hunan Medical,  Association	Zhong nan da xue xue bao.Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University.Medical sciences	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Second wave of Covid-19 is determined by immune mechanism	Hussein,  O	Medical hypotheses	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Running With Your Hair on Fire: Lessons Learned From Transitioning a National University Sales Competition From Face-to-Face to Virtual in 16 Days	Inks,  S,  Barber, et al	Journal of Marketing Education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Perspectives on supply chain management in a pandemic and the post-COVID-19 era	Ishida,  S	IEEE Engineering Management Review	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Innovative work shift for health workers in the health service providers in handling covid-19 cases	Iswanto,  AH	Kesmas	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The Politics of Blaming: the Narrative Battle between China and the US over COVID-19	Jaworsky,  BN,  Qiaoan, et al	Journal of Chinese Political Science	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The Media Coverage of Drugs and Alcohol in Punjab during COVID-19 Pandemic	Jayachandran,  J	Asian Politics and Policy	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Exodus of Migrant Workers’ in India: Law, Accountability and Blind Spots	Jha,  S	SSRN- Lancet prepublication	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32863133; Effect of Low-Pathogenic Human Coronavirus-Specific Antibodies on SARS-CoV-2	Jiang,  S,  Du, et al	Trends in immunology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The potential role of inflammation reaction in COVID-19 related posttraumatic stress disorder	Jiang,  Y,  Huang, et al	Asian Journal of Psychiatry	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32874422; Imminent risk of covid-19 in diabetes mellitus and undiagnosed diabetes mellitus patients	John,  JE,  John, et al	Pan African Medical Journal	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32880333; A policy and decision-making framework for South African doctors during the COVID-19 pandemic	Jones-Bonofiglio,  K,  Nortjé, et al	South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32874934; Practical and Ethical Solutions for Remote Applied Learning Experiences in Global Health	Kalbarczyk,  A,  Harrison, et al	Annals of global health	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32839085; Myasthenic crisis due to anxiety and insomnia during COVID -19 pandemic	Kalita,  J,  Dongre, et al	Sleep medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Do nsaids cause specific complications in COVID-19 coronavirus infection?	Karateev,  AE,  Nasonov, et al	Nauchno-Prakticheskaya Revmatologiya	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Telepsychiatry in the Arabian Gulf region - Implications beyond the Covid-19 pandemic	Karim,  MA,  Wadoo, et al	Asian Journal of Psychiatry	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Rending the “Cosmopolitan Canopy”: COVID-19 and Urban Public Space	Kasinitz,  P	City and Community	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Enhancing India’s Health Care during COVID Era: Role of Artificial Intelligence and Algorithms	Katyayan,  A,  Katyayan, et al	Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32879677; Internal Medicine Residency Training in the COVID-19 Era-Reflections From Singapore	Kee,  A,  Archuleta, et al	Journal of graduate medical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Illiberalism enabled by the coronavirus pandemic: An existential threat to judicial independence	Keilitz,  I	International Journal for Court Administration	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Proposed strategies for easing covid-19 lockdown measures in Africa	Kitara,  DL,  Ikoona, et al	Pan African Medical Journal	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32880334; South Africa's COVID-19 Tracing Database: Risks and rewards of which doctors should be aware	Klaaren,  J,  Breckenridge, et al	South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID 19- Tips for getting back to work	Kohli,  A	Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Facilitating Synchronous Online Language Learning through Zoom	Kohnke,  L,  Moorhouse, et al	RELC Journal	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Low-Dose Radiotherapy for Late-Stage COVID-19 Pneumonia?	Koukourakis,  MI	Dose-Response	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32798030; Revascularization strategy in patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction amid COVID-19 pandemic	Kow,  CS,  Hasan, et al	Journal of the Formosan Medical Association	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32885782; Age dependence in Covid-19 mortality in Germany	Kremer,  HJ,  Thurner, et al	Deutsches Arzteblatt International	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32645361; Inflammasome activation and pyroptosis in lymphopenic liver patients with COVID-19	Kroemer,  A,  Khan, et al	Journal of hepatology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 loosening: Suffering due to face masks	Krüger,  C	Deutsches Arzteblatt International	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32861559; Statins in COVID-19: A new ray of hope	Kunal,  S,  Gupta, et al	Heart and Lung	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Effect of COVID-19 Precautions on Neonatal Resuscitation Practice: A Balance Between Healthcare Provider Safety, Infection Control, and Effective Neonatal Care	Law,  BHY,  Cheung, et al	Frontiers in Pediatrics	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
What Science and STEM Teachers Can Learn from COVID-19: Harnessing Data Science and Computer Science through the Convergence of Multiple STEM Subjects	Lee,  O,  Campbell, et al	Journal of Science Teacher Education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
‘It was the best of times; it was the worst of times’: The impact of Covid-19 on families in the child protection process	Leigh,  J	Qualitative Social Work	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Facing COVID-19 and Refugee Camps on the U.S. Border	Leiner,  A,  Sammon, et al	Journal of Emergency Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32879114; Airway management strategies under the situation of prevention and control of nosocomial infections for coronavirus disease 2019	Li,  Q,  Li, et al	Zhong nan da xue xue bao.Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University.Medical sciences	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32839054; Using social media for telemedicine during the COVID-19 epidemic	Li,  Y,  Zhang, et al	American Journal of Emergency Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Operation ‘bring them home’: learning from the large-scale repatriation of overseas Filipino workers in times of crisis	Liao,  KAS	Asian Population Studies	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
A single large dose of vitamin d could be used as a means of coronavirus disease 2019 prevention and treatment	Liu,  G,  Hong, et al	Drug Design, Development and Therapy	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32872017; Efficacy and safety of Lianhua Qingwen in the treatment of patients with moderate COVID-19 infection: A protocol for systematic review and meta analysis	Liu,  N,  Zhang, et al	Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32872048; Association between ABO blood groups and risk of coronavirus disease 2019: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis	Liu,  N,  Zhang, et al	Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Health information: Applications and challenges in the COVID-19 pandemic	Lloyd,  S,  Walker, et al	Asia Pacific Journal of Health Management	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Changing world, changing work	Lord,  P	Contemporary Social Science	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Fear of the coronavirus and the stock markets	Lyócsa,  Š,  Baumöhl, et al	Finance Research Letters	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32863136; Does Cross-neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Only Relate to High Pathogenic Coronaviruses?	Ma,  Z,  Li, et al	Trends in immunology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32880296; COVID-19 lockdowns in low- and middle-income countries: Success against COVID-19 at the price of greater costs	Madhi,  SA,  Gray, et al	South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Impact of COVID-19 on research	Magan,  AA,  Plastow, et al	Bone and Joint Research	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Human rights and the post-pandemic return to classroom education in Australia	Maguire,  A,  McNamara, et al	Alternative Law Journal	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Plague Mortality and Control Policies in Colonial South India, 1900–47	Mahammadh,  VR	South Asia Research	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32879679; Shared Loneliness During COVID-19	Mahmoud,  FM	Journal of graduate medical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32880332; COVID-19: The role of artificial intelligence in empowering the healthcare sector and enhancing social distancing measures during a pandemic	Mahomed,  S	South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Can Papain-like Protease Inhibitors Halt SARS-CoV-2 Replication?	Maiti,  BK	ACS Pharmacology and Translational Science	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Anti-Asian violence and US imperialism	Man,  S	Race and Class	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Treating Psychological Trauma in the Midst of COVID-19: The Role of Smartphone Apps	Marshall,  JM,  Dunstan, et al	Frontiers in Public Health	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32829987; Lessons learned from COVID-19 and 3D printing	Martin-Noguerol,  T,  Paulano-Godino, et al	American Journal of Emergency Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32876196; Myocardial Injury Biomarkers and Cardiac Complications Associated with Mortality in Patients with COVID-19	Martins-Filho,  P,  Barreto-Filho, et al	Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32880264; The role of serological testing in the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak	Mayne,  ES,  Scott, et al	South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32876089; Mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of coronavirus-induced pneumonia (COVID-19)	Mazzeo,  A,  Santos, et al	Einstein (Sao Paulo, Brazil)	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32859857; Vitruvian Man Redesigned in the COVID-19 Era	Mazzeo,  AT	Neurology India	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Integrating emerging technologies into COVID-19 contact tracing: Opportunities, challenges and pitfalls	Mbunge,  E	Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research and Reviews	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Preoperative apnea trial and considerations regarding timing of tracheostomy in anesthetic planning for patient with COVID-19 disease	McGrath,  BA,  Pelosi, et al	Journal of clinical anesthesia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Medical oncology care amidst the COVID-19 pandemic at the National University Hospital in the Philippines	Mendoza,  MJL,  Tan, et al	ecancermedicalscience	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32861422; Extensive Arterial Thrombosis in Covid-19	Merz,  LE,  Sinnenberg, et al	American Journal of Cardiology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 and NSAIDs: Primum non nocere	Micallef,  J,  Soeiro, et al	Therapies	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The pandemic and the academic mothers: present hardships and future perspectives	Minello,  A,  Martucci, et al	European Societies	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Mitigating the COVID-19 pandemic: a snapshot from Malaysia into the coping strategies for pre-service teachers’ education	Mohamad Nasri,  N,  Husnin, et al	Journal of Education for Teaching	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19: How nurse managers are dealing with the psychological toll of the pandemic	Moore,  A	Nursing management	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Covid-19 communication management in Spain: Exploring the effect of information-seeking behavior and message reception in public’s evaluation	Moreno,  Á,  Fuentes-Lara, et al	Profesional de la Informacion	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32885663; One Piece of the Jigsaw for the Cancer Recovery Strategy: Prevalence of COVID-19 in Patients With Cancer	Moss,  C,  Dolly, et al	Cancer Control	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32877493; Good Practice Recommendations from the Brazilian Society of Nephrology to Dialysis Units Concerning the Pandemic of the New Coronavirus (Covid-19)	Moura-Neto,  J,  Abreu, et al	Jornal brasileiro de nefrologia : 'orgao oficial de Sociedades Brasileira e Latino-Americana de Nefrologia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32877501; Position statement from the Brazilian Society of Nephrology regarding chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine drug dose adjustment according to renal function	Moura-Neto,  J,  Misael, et al	Jornal brasileiro de nefrologia : 'orgao oficial de Sociedades Brasileira e Latino-Americana de Nefrologia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32877490; Recommendations from the Brazilian Society of Nephrology for approaching Covid-19 Diagnostic Testing in Dialysis Units	Moura-Neto,  J,  Palma, et al	Jornal brasileiro de nefrologia : 'orgao oficial de Sociedades Brasileira e Latino-Americana de Nefrologia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 in IGA vasculitis	Mousavi,  MS,  Jafari, et al	Iranian Journal of Pediatrics	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Lessons to learn from COVID-19	Moustafa,  K	Oman Medical Journal	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32702460; Novel techniques for wearing an ear-looped mask to reduce pressure on the ear	Mukhtar,  M	Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32816691; Acute asthma management considerations in children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic	Nagakumar,  P,  Davies, et al	Archives of Disease in Childhood	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32871593; COVID-19 and solid organ transplant outcomes	Nair,  V,  Jandovitz, et al	Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 Pandemic: Group Testing	Nalbantoglu,  OU,  Gundogdu, et al	Frontiers in Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Post-COVID-19 and Business Analytics	Nandy,  M,  Lodh, et al	SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Reconfigurable Manufacturing: Lesson Learnt from the COVID-19 Outbreak	Napoleone,  A,  Prataviera, et al		Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Analysis of epidemiological surveillance activity of the covid-19 at surabaya airport Indonesia on January 2020	Nastiti,  RD,  Artanti, et al	Kesmas	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32880121; Coronavirus, covid-19 et discours complotistes	Nau,  JY	Revue medicale suisse	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32880401; Australian Perspectives on the Ethical and Regulatory Considerations for Responsible Data Sharing in Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic	Nicol,  D,  Chalmers, et al	Journal of law and medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32880303; Convalescent plasma or hyperimmune immunoglobulin for people with COVID-19	Nnaji,  CA,  Iwu, et al	South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Medico-legal insights into COVID-19 pandemic and the platter of health law reform in India	Nomani,  MZM,  Parveen, et al	International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Palmar rash for the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2	Novo de Matos,  J,  Redondo Sendino, et al	Medicina clinica	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Rural pandemic preparedness: The risk, resilience and response required of primary healthcare	O’sullivan,  B,  Leader, et al	Risk Management and Healthcare Policy	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32880268; Comparative strategic approaches to COVID-19 in Africa: Balancing public interest with civil liberties	Obasa,  AE,  Singh, et al	South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The COVID-19 Pandemic: Perspectives for Reimaging and Reimagining Archaeological Practice	Ogundiran,  A	African Archaeological Review	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Managing Epidemics in Ancestral Yorùbá Towns and Cities: “Sacred Groves” as Isolation Sites	Ogundiran,  A	African Archaeological Review	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Utilising technology in making the Nigerian administration of criminal justice act effective for criminal trials	Olugasa,  O	International Journal for Court Administration	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32863132; Is Immunological Memory a Burden in Times of COVID-19?	Ortega,  E	Trends in immunology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Perioperative management of the neurosurgical patient COVID-19	Osorio-Santiago,  M,  Manrique-Carmona, et al	Revista Mexicana de Anestesiologia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32855061; Coinfections among COVID-19 patients: A need for combination therapy?	Ozaras,  R,  Arslan, et al	Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32879680; Braving the COVID-19 Pandemic	Pabon,  CM	Journal of graduate medical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32859436; The impact of influenza vaccination on the COVID-19 pandemic? Evidence and lessons for public health policies	Paget,  J,  Caini, et al	Vaccine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Joint Recommendations and Resources for Clinical Ultrasound Education Amidst the COVID-19 Era	Panebianco,  NL,  Liu, et al	AEM Education and Training	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32827698; Systematic application of COVID-19 nucleic acid tests in general surgery departments in China: An update of current status with nationwide survey data	Pang,  KD,  Jin, et al	International Journal of Surgery	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Challenges for Indonesia zero hunger agenda in the contextof covid-19 pandemic	Paramashanti,  BA	Kesmas	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32859880; Physiotherapy clinical placement during the COVID-19 pandemic	Paraskevopoulos,  E,  Papandreou, et al	Education for health (Abingdon, England)	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
A global pandemic is not a good time to introduce ‘opt-out’ for organ donation	Parsons,  JA,  Moorlock, et al	Medical Law International	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32880365; Breath Is Life	Patel,  K	AMA journal of ethics	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Small State, Big Impact: Delaware's COVID-19 Response	Patterson,  DA	World Medical and Health Policy	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The Shock of the New	Payne,  R	International Journal of Art and Design Education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Child neurology, COVID-19, and crisis in society	Pearl,  PL	Developmental medicine and child neurology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32876236; Rol del ultrasonido pulmonar en el diagnóstico de la neumonía por SARS-CoV-2: ¿Alternativa a la escasez de tomógrafos?	Pecho-Silva,  S	Revista peruana de medicina experimental y salud publica	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Role of 3D printing for the protection of surgical and critical care professionals in the COVID-19 pandemic	Pedraja,  J,  Maestre, et al	Revista espanola de anestesiologia y reanimacion	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32880302; Research in COVID-19 times: The way forward	Pepper,  MS,  Burton, et al	South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Organization of burn units during the COVID-19 pandemic: Experience of 5 burn units	Pérez Del Caz,  MD,  Salmerón-González, et al	Cirugia Plastica Ibero-Latinoamericana	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Covid-19: Perspectives and vulnerability	Perrone,  SV,  Bevacqua, et al	Insuficiencia Cardiaca	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
School closure and children in the outbreak of covid-19	Petretto,  DR,  Masala, et al	Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32800970; Update to the Fast-Tracked Article Entitled “Palliative Care Utilization Among Patients With COVID-19 in an Underserved Population: A Single-Center Retrospective Study by Haydar et al.”	Pettus,  K,  de Lima, et al	Journal of pain and symptom management	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 criticism: Respect for those who think differently	Pfingsten,  KR,  Baden, et al	Deutsches Arzteblatt International	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Coronavirus disease-19 and pregnancy	Phupong,  V	Thai Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32877946; Slow the Spread of COVID-19-and Get your Audiology CEUs at the Same Time	Piker,  E,  Jacobson, et al	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32880406; Violation Liability in the Context of the Spread of COVID-19: Russian Experience	Pospelova,  SI,  Pavlova, et al	Journal of law and medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Resistance and praxis in the making of feminist solidarity: A conversation with Cynthia Enloe	Prasad,  A,  Zulfiqar, et al	Gender, Work and Organization	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Joint IFS-ISAR-ACE recommendations on resuming/opening up assisted reproductive technology services	Prasad,  S,  Trivedi, et al	Journal of Human Reproductive Sciences	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
From social distancing to physical distancing: A challenge forevaluating public health intervention against covid-19	Pratomo,  H	Kesmas	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32866275; Testing Boundaries COVID-19 made the USMLE, Clerkships a Moving Target for Med Students	Price,  S	Texas medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32872700; On Pause for the Pandemic: Health Issues Sidelined Amid COVID-19 Response	Price,  S	Texas medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32872702; Weighing the Cost of Obesity: One Solution Does Not Fit All For This Complicated Disease	Price,  S	Texas medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
A student primer on how to thrive in engineering education during and beyond COVID-19	Qadir,  J,  Al-Fuqaha, et al	Education Sciences	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The hidden vulnerability of COVID-19 observed from asymptomatic cases in Indonesia	Rachman,  BE,  Rusli, et al	Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32873261; Erratum: Publisher Correction to: Protocol of a population-based prospective COVID-19 cohort study Munich, Germany (KoCo19) (BMC public health (2020) 20 1 (1036))	Radon,  K,  Saathoff, et al	BMC public health	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Systemic thromboemboli in patients with Covid-19 may result from paradoxical embolization	Rajendram,  R,  Kharal, et al	Thrombosis research	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Out of operative room anesthesia and COVID-19	Ramírez-Segura,  EH,  De la Rosa-Mendoza, et al	Revista Mexicana de Anestesiologia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32874009; Psychiatric implications of the use of hydroxychloroquine in COVID-19 patients	Rani,  S,  Grover, et al	Indian journal of pharmacology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32880399; COVID-19 and Forensic Medical Practice	Ranson,  D	Journal of law and medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Lessons from COVID-19 Towards a Pandemic Readiness Audit Checklist for SMEs	Ravindran,  T,  Boh, et al	IEEE Engineering Management Review	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19: Virology, immunopathogenesis and neurological manifestations	Ray,  PS	Journal of the Indian Medical Association	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Weaving healthy behaviors into new technology routines: Designing in (and for) the COVID-19 work-from-home period	Ren,  X,  An, et al		Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Reliable energy and responsive built environment: The missing links in COVID-19 response in resource-limited settings	Rinkoo,  AV,  Songara, et al	Tropical Medicine and Health	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 has taught us not to wait for help with grief	Ripley,  D	Nursing management	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Organizations are people: reflections, obstacles and learning opportunities	Robinson,  G	Learning Organization	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Global capitalism post-pandemic	Robinson,  WI	Race and Class	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32877500; Position Paper of the Department of Hypertension of the Brazilian Society of Nephrology: Use of renin-angiotensin system blockers during the course of Covid-19 infection	Rodrigues,  CIS	Jornal brasileiro de nefrologia : 'orgao oficial de Sociedades Brasileira e Latino-Americana de Nefrologia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Recomendaciones para contingencia por COVID-19 en pacientes con IDP. Entrevistando a Aid? Tamara Staines Boone	Romanillos,  PMO	Revista alergia Mexico	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32880335; Comorbidity in context: Part 1. Medical considerations around HIV and tuberculosis during the COVID-19 pandemic in South Africa	Rossouw,  TM,  Boswell, et al	South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32880336; Comorbidity in context: Part 2. Ethicolegal considerations around HIV and tuberculosis during the COVID-19 pandemic in South Africa	Rossouw,  TM,  Nienaber, et al	South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32343413; Lipemic serum in patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) undergoing treatment	Rubel,  AR,  Chong, et al	Journal of medical virology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The Italian State, its Regions and the Virus	Rubinelli,  L	Political Quarterly	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) and its natural environmental impacts	Rupani,  PF,  Nilashi, et al	International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32800917; Women's perspective on the COVID-19 pandemic: Walking into a post-peak phase	Sabatino,  J,  Moscatelli, et al	International journal of cardiology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32859359; Bedside monitoring of lung perfusion by electrical impedance tomography in the time of COVID-19	Safaee Fakhr,  B,  Araujo Morais, et al	British journal of anaesthesia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
ADVERSE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES SHOULD BE PRIORITY IN GLOBAL RESPONSE TO COVID-19	Sahle,  BW,  Ofori-Asenso, et al	Journal of paediatrics and child health	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
A proposed ABCD scoring system for better triage of patients with COVID-19: Use of clinical features and radiopathological findings	Salunke,  AA,  Warikoo, et al	Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research and Reviews	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Bacillus calmette-guerin: Established and emerging roles for an old friend	Sampsonas,  F	Pneumon	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
La tormenta de citocinas en COVID-19. Entrevistando a Ivan Cherrez	Sánchez,  DAH	Revista alergia Mexico	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32877499; Palliative Renal Care and the Covid-19 Pandemic	Santos,  CGDS,  Tavares, et al	Jornal brasileiro de nefrologia : 'orgao oficial de Sociedades Brasileira e Latino-Americana de Nefrologia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) – Detection, treatment and effect on global economy	Sarwan,  J,  Sharma, et al	Plant Cell Biotechnology and Molecular Biology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Teaching public administration in the COVID-19 era: Preliminary lessons learned	Savard,  JF,  Caron, et al	Canadian Public Administration	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Focus on the current outbreak of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)	Schellack,  N,  Schellack, et al	SA Pharmaceutical Journal	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
PCR tests for SARS-CoV-2: Interpreting results correctly	Schlenger,  RL	Deutsches Arzteblatt International	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Strategies to reduce severe diabetic foot infections and complications during epidemics (STRIDE)	Schmidt,  BM,  Munson, et al	Journal of diabetes and its complications	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Pain assessment and treatment in dementia at the time of coronavirus disease covid-19	Scuteri,  D,  Matamala-Gomez, et al	Frontiers in Neurology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Fact Checking and Information in the Age of Covid	Seaton,  J,  Sippett, et al	Political Quarterly	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32879696; Local Perspectives on ACGME's Early Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic at Sponsoring Institutions and Individual Training Programs	Seehusen,  DA,  Groves, et al	Journal of graduate medical education	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Challenges Faced by an Otolaryngology Resident During Covid-19 Pandemic: An Indian Perspective	Sekar,  R,  Alexander, et al	Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Data curation as collective action during COVID-19	Shankar,  K,  Jeng, et al	Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Researcher burnout: An overlooked aspect in mental health research in times of COVID-19	Sharma,  MK,  Anand, et al	Asian Journal of Psychiatry	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Gambling in football: How much is too much?	Sharman,  S	Managing Sport and Leisure	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The Courage to Be: Using DBT Skills to Choose Who to Be in Uncertainty	Shea,  LM	Journal of Humanistic Psychology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Suffering from infectious diseases during the Holocaust relates to amplified psychological reactions during the COVID-19 pandemic	Shrira,  A,  Maytles, et al	Journal of psychiatric research	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Cleanliness in Islam: Exploring Through COVID- 19 Pandemic Precautions and Concerns	Sibli,  SA	SSRN- Lancet prepublication	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32880297; COVID-19 and the school response: Looking back to learn what we can do better	Siegfried,  N,  Mathews, et al	South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32799338; Increasing maternal mortality associated with COVID-19 and shortage of intensive care is a serious concern in low-resource settings	Silveira Campos,  L,  Peixoto Caldas, et al	Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32876317; COVID-19 in Brazilian indigenous people: a new threat to old problems	Simionatto,  S,  Barbosa, et al	Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Evaluating quality in clinical care	Singh,  AA,  Boyle, et al	Surgery (United Kingdom)	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
At-admission hyperglycemia is consistently associated with poor prognosis and early intervention can improve outcomes in patients with COVID-19	Singh,  AK,  Singh, et al	Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research and Reviews	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32874008; Indian perspective of remdesivir: A promising COVID-19 drug	Singh,  D,  Wasan, et al	Indian journal of pharmacology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic response on other health research	Singh,  JA,  Bandewar, et al	Bulletin of the World Health Organization	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32828626; Using Simulation to Assess Cardiology Fellow Performance of Transthoracic Echocardiography: Lessons for Training in the COVID-19 Pandemic	Singh,  K,  Chandra, et al	Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 case fatality rate and detection ability in Indonesia	Sipahutar,  T,  Eryando, et al	Kesmas	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The Fight against COVID-19 Pandemic with 5G Technologies	Siriwardhana,  Y,  De Alwis, et al	IEEE Engineering Management Review	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Automotive Industry Faces Challenges [Connected and Autonomous Vehicles]	Sjoberg,  K	IEEE Vehicular Technology Magazine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32865489; Medizinische notfälle während der COVID-19-pandemie	Slagman,  A,  Behringer, et al	Deutsches Arzteblatt International	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32876200; Position Statement on the Use of Antiplatelet Agents and Anticoagulants in Patients Infected with the New Coronavirus (COVID-19) - 2020	Soeiro,  AM,  Leal, et al	Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Harnessing Memory NK Cell to Protect Against COVID-19	Soleimanian,  S,  Yaghobi, et al	Frontiers in Pharmacology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Biological therapy as an alternative treatment for cytokine release syndrome in patients with COVID-19	Solis Cartas,  U	Revista Colombiana de Reumatologia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
A Proactive and Practical COVID-19 Testing Strategy	Song,  K,  Jiao, et al	IEEE Engineering Management Review	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 Pandemic: Shifting Digital Transformation to a High-Speed Gear	Soto-Acosta,  P	Information Systems Management	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32876198; Circulatory System Diseases in Patients with COVID-19: Description of Clinical and Epidemiological Profile of 197 Deaths	Souza,  CDF,  Leal, et al	Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32859571; Response to – ‘Managing hand trauma during the COVID–19 pandemic using a one-stop clinic’	Stallard,  J,  Hughes, et al	Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32880405; Compassion, Law and COVID-19	Stobbs,  N,  Bennett, et al	Journal of law and medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Recommended actions: Reinforcing clinicians’ resilience and supporting second victims during the COVID-19 pandemic to maintain capacity in the healthcare system	Strametz,  R,  Raspe, et al	Zentralblatt fur Arbeitsmedizin, Arbeitsschutz und Ergonomie	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32877495; Technical note and clinical instructions for Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in patients with Covid-19: Brazilian Society of Nephrology and Brazilian Association of Intensive Care Medicine	Suassuna,  JHR,  Lima, et al	Jornal brasileiro de nefrologia : 'orgao oficial de Sociedades Brasileira e Latino-Americana de Nefrologia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Impact of COVID-19 in public health: Prevalence and preventive approaches	Subramaniyan,  V,  Chakravarthi, et al	Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Multiagent live programming systems: Models and prospects for critical applications	Tanimoto,  SL		Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32877496; Recommendations Of The Brazilian Society Of Nephrology Regarding Pediatric Patients On Renal Replacement Therapy During The Covid-19 Pandemic	Tavares,  MS,  Penido, et al	Jornal brasileiro de nefrologia : 'orgao oficial de Sociedades Brasileira e Latino-Americana de Nefrologia	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32880316; How should health resource allocation be applied during the COVID-19 pandemic in South Africa?	Taylor,  A,  Taylor, et al	South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Changes in the pattern of heart failure and diuresis clinic utilization during the COVID-19 pandemic	Taylor,  B,  Egolum, et al	Heart and Lung	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Blood purification treatments in COVID-19	Temel,  S,  Sungur, et al	Journal of Critical and Intensive Care	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Nonlinear dynamics of COVID-19 pandemic: modeling, control, and future perspectives	Tenreiro Machado,  JA,  Ma, et al	Nonlinear Dynamics	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Generation Z pharmacy students discernment and inclination towards online education in India during the COVID-19 pandemic	Tewari,  A,  Bansal, et al	International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Curing COVID-19	The Lancet Infectious,  Diseases	The Lancet Infectious Diseases	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Global collaboration for health: rhetoric versus reality	The,  Lancet	The Lancet	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32871994; Humanistic care and psychological counseling on psychological disorders in medical students after COVID-19 outbreak: A protocol of systematic review	Tian,  H,  Xue, et al	Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32863039; COVID-19 infection: ACE2, pregnancy and preeclampsia	Todros,  T,  Masturzo, et al	European Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Biology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 Emergency Public Health and Economic Measures Causal Loops: A Computable Framework	Tonnang,  Henri,  Greenfield, et al	SSRN- Lancet prepublication	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32876094; COVID-19 Pandemics: an opportunity to give Nursing global visibility	Torres Contreras,  CC	Revista gaucha de enfermagem	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Automotive Electronics under the COVID-19 Shadow [Automotive Electronics]	Trovao,  JP	IEEE Vehicular Technology Magazine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Telomere length, epidemiology and pathogenesis of severe COVID-19	Tsilingiris,  D,  Tentolouris, et al	European journal of clinical investigation	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Personal protective equipment use for COVID-19 patients in intensive care unit	Turkoglu,  M	Journal of Critical and Intensive Care	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
“Occupational Medicine in the time of COVID-19” – chances beyond workplace settings	Valérie Gross,  J,  Fritschi, et al	Medicina del Lavoro	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32880324; What are we doing to the children of South Africa under the guise of COVID-19 lockdown?	Van Bruwaene,  L,  Mustafa, et al	South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32880317; COVID-19: Convalescent plasma as a potential therapy	Van den Berg,  K,  Vermeulen, et al	South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Impact of COVID-19 on BISE Research and Education	van der Aalst,  W,  Hinz, et al	Business and Information Systems Engineering	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Perceptual breakdown during a global pandemic: introducing phenomenological insights for digital mental health purposes	van Grunsven,  J	Ethics and Information Technology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32859815; Video Section-Operative Nuances: Step by Step - Donning and Doffing in Neurosurgical Operating Room	Verma,  SK,  Dharanipathy, et al	Neurology India	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Brave New World: Virtual conferencing and surgical education in the Coronavirus Disease 2019 era	Vervoort,  D,  Dearani, et al	Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32778426; Cross-reactions between rheumatoid factor and IgM SARS-CoV-2	Vinyé Bausà,  M,  Bausà Peris, et al	Medicina clinica	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Implications of Covid-19 for Labour and Employment in India	Walter,  D	Indian Journal of Labour Economics	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 Shelter-at-Home Orders: Impacts and Policy Responses in the Context of Intimate Partner Violence	Walters,  J	World Medical and Health Policy	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32871931; Efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese medicine combined with routine western medicine for the asymptomatic novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19): A Bayesian network meta-analysis protocol	Wang,  J,  Zhu, et al	Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32876108; The influence of bitter-taste receptor (TAS2R) expression in pharmacological response to Chloroquine in obese patients with COVID-19	Watanabe,  LM,  Pires, et al	Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil)	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32871880; Chinese medicine treatment of mastitis in COVID-19 patients: A protocol for systematic review	Wen,  D,  Shi, et al	Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32880262; Preparing healthcare facilities to operate safely and effectively during the COVID-19 pandemic: The missing piece in the puzzle	Wilkinson,  LS,  Moosa, et al	South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
SARS-CoV-2 in children: spectrum of disease, transmission and immunopathological underpinnings	Williams,  PCM,  Howard-Jones, et al	Pathology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32768694; Possible synergistic effects of hydroxychloroquine and steroids in COVID-19, time for a nuanced approach. Comment on Arshad et al	Wiseman,  DM	International Journal of Infectious Diseases	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The position and role of department of laboratory medicine in the construction of national public health system: experiences from public health emergencies efforts	Wu,  W,  Li, et al	Chinese Journal of Laboratory Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19s impacts on Global Supply Chains: Facts and Perspectives	Xu,  Z,  Elomri, et al	IEEE Engineering Management Review	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Mode switching: the state, market, and anti-Covid-19 shadow of socialism in China	Yan,  H	Dialectical Anthropology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Choreographies for the Laboratorized City	Yaneva,  A	Architectural Theory Review	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32871892; Efficacy and safety of ACEI/ARB drugs in patients with COVID-19 combined with diabetes mellitus: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials	Yang,  Y,  Liu, et al	Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Extreme risk spillover between chinese and global crude oil futures	Yang,  Y,  Ma, et al	Finance Research Letters	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine in treatment of COVID-19 disease	Yildirim,  F	Journal of Critical and Intensive Care	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Impact of citywide COVID-19 testing on people's behaviour in seeking for dental services in Wuhan	Yu,  J,  Hua, et al	Oral diseases	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
The use of cloth face maskduring the pandemic period inindonesian people	Yudhastuti,  R	Kesmas	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32854983; Adaptation of contingency management for stimulant use disorder during the COVID-19 pandemic	Zastepa,  E,  Sun, et al	Journal of substance abuse treatment	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32872018; Clinical symptoms between severe and non-severe COVID-19 pneumonia: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis	Zheng,  P,  Bao, et al	Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32879115; Perioperative management for patients with coronavirus disease 2019	Zhong,  T,  Qin, et al	Zhong nan da xue xue bao.Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University.Medical sciences	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32872009; Pediatric massage therapy for restoring pediatric lung function from COVID-19: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis	Zhou,  KL,  Dong, et al	Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32871977; Chinese medicine for coronavirus disease 2019 as complementary therapy: A protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis	Zhou,  M,  Liang, et al	Medicine	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Planetary Silicon Valley: Deconstructing New York’s innovation complex	Zukin,  S	Urban Studies	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32859574; Erratum: A covid-19 laboratory for Jersey-in a shipping container (BMJ (Clinical research ed.) (2020) 370 (m3336))		BMJ (Clinical research ed.)	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32749474; Erratum: Effect of convalescent plasma therapy on time to clinical improvement in patients with severe and life-threatening COVID-19: a randomized clinical trial (JAMA (2020) DOI: 10.1001/jama.2020.10044)		JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Rund die Hälfte aller COVID-19-Patienten zeigen Verdauungssymptome		Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Next generation EU: On the agreement of a covid-19 recovery package		European Law Review	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
COVID-19 global pandemic, and what did the PSSA do?		SA Pharmaceutical Journal	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Corona ticker: News in brief about SARS-CoV-2		Deutsche Apotheker Zeitung	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
Perioperative Management of Patients Infected with the Novel Coronavirus: Recommendation from the Joint Task Force of the Chinese Society of Anesthesiology and the Chinese Association of Anesthesiologists: Erratum		Anesthesiology	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32568617; Corrigendum to:Management of acute ischemic stroke in patients with COVID-19 infection: Report of an international panel. (Int J Stroke. 2020,10.1177/1747493020923234)		International Journal of Stroke	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32805199; Correction to Lancet Infect Dis 2020; published online Aug 3. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30589-2 The Lancet Infectious Diseases, (S1473309920305892), (10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30589-2))		The Lancet Infectious Diseases	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial
32791037; Erratum: Department of Error (The Lancet (2020) 396(10248) (e18), (S0140673620316767), (10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31676-7))		The Lancet	Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial

Appendix: Process and definitions. 

A daily search for new publications is conducted in PubMed, Scopus, BioRxiv and MedRxiv, SSRN, Research Square, arXiv for all publications related to COVID-19 disease or SARS-CoV-2 using the search terms (COVID-19 OR SARS-CoV-2 OR "novel CoV" OR "novel coronavirus" OR nCoV) adapted to each database.  The capture is cross-referenced with publication announcements on the COVID-19 dashboards set up by a number of publishers and google.  Publishers include Lancet, Elsevier, The New England Journal of Medicine, BMJ, Wiley, Springer Nature, ChinaCDCweekly. Additionally the database is cross-referenced with other literature scans e.g. WHO publication list and activities by collaborators.  Members of the Emerging Sciences group develop 1 -2 point summaries of each publication. Please email Lisa Waddell for additional information: Lisa.Waddell@canada.ca.  References are compiled in a reworks database that has citations since the beginning of the outbreak.  All references can be accessed at this link and by the categories listed below.  The daily scan has also been compiled in an excel sheet and copies can be provided upon request or accessed here.

Category Definitions:

Modelling/ prediction: Predictive modeling is a process that uses data mining and probability to forecast outcomes. Each model is made up of a number of predictors, which are variables that are likely to influence future results.

Epidemiology: the branch of medicine which deals with the incidence, distribution, and possible control of diseases and other factors relating to health. Includes Ro, attack rates, case number doubling time, case fatality rate, serial interval, clinical attack rate, asymptomatic fraction, proportion of asymptomatic and infective*

Transmission: The passage of a pathogen causing communicable disease from an infected host to an uninfected host via direct or indirect routes.

Clinical data of cases: Includes clinical parameters such as incubation period, latent period, period of communicability, duration of illness, duration of hospitalization, host risk factors, as well as clinical profiles of patients; presenting symptoms, symptoms over course of illness, sequelae, comorbidities.* 

Surveillance: Public health surveillance is the continuous, systematic collection, analysis and interpretation of health-related data.  Surveillance data will likely be number of cases suspected/confirmed, number of deaths, number recovered. *

Coronavirology: All research relating to the virus; its characteristics, genetic make-up, phylogenetic analyses

Diagnostics / Pathogen detection:  All studies on identification of the virus; culture, PCR, antibody/antigen tests etc.

Therapeutics: Studies of substances that may be used to treat infected hosts including passive immunization products.

Vaccine Research:  Studies of vaccine candidates to prevent infection with 2019-nCoV including clinical trials.

Public Health Priorities: These citations will focus on what the current research priorities are and/or where knowledge gaps exist.

Public Health interventions*: Any study evaluating how effective a public health intervention is or maybe (in the case of a predictive model).

Public Health response: These papers are typically overviews of past and current activities, they often also identify knowledge gaps and suggest future activities or objectives.

Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI): Any research on the effectiveness of IPC interventions should also be tagged as IPC

Health care Response: This foci would include a description of activities to deal with 2019-nCoV cases including, but not limited to:  set up of a special emergency multi-disciplinary intensive care team; Bed and medical equipment preparation/ stock piling supplies; Education and training of staff; Early case recognition and classification of disease severity.

Economics: papers discussing/ forecasting the economics of COVID-19 pandemic.

Immunology:

Animal Model:

Zoonotic: all literature discussing the transmission to and from or occurrence of naturally acquired SARS-COV-2 infection in animals.

Review Literature:  All articles that summarize the published literature can be tagged as a review.  This includes systematic review, meta-analysis, scoping review, overviews, umbrella reviews*

Commentary/Editorial: For commentaries, editorials, letters to the editor, other types of opinion pieces where there is no new data collected by the author or analysis conducted by the author, please tag these within the commentary category.

News articles that have not scientific information.

*Lists are not exhaustive

Annexe: Processus et définitions. 

Une recherche quotidienne des nouvelles publications est effectuée dans PubMed, Scopus, BioRxiv and MedRxiv, SSRN, Research Square, arXiv pour toutes les publications relatives à la maladie COVID-19 ou au SRAS-CoV-2 en utilisant les termes de recherche (COVID-19 OU SARS-CoV-2 OU « novel CoV » OU « novel coronavirus » OU nCoV).  La saisie renvoie à des annonces de publication sur les tableaux de bord du nCoV mis en place par un certain nombre d'éditeurs et par Google.  Parmi les éditeurs figurent Lancet, Elsevier, The New England Journal of Medicine, BMJ, Wiley, Springer Nature, ChinaCDCweekly.  En outre, la base de données renvoie à d'autres survols de publications, e.g. la liste des publications de l'OMS, et à des activités des collaborateurs.  Les membres du groupe scientifique émergent préparent des résumés en 1 ou 2 points de chaque publication. Pour en savoir plus, veuillez envoyer un courriel à Lisa Waddell au : Lisa.Waddell@canada.ca.  Les références sont compilées dans une base de données Refworks qui contient des citations depuis le début de l'épidémie.  Toutes les références sont accessibles à partir de ce lien et par les catégories énumérées ci-dessous. L'analyse quotidienne a également été compilée dans une feuille Excel et des copies peuvent être fournies sur demande ou consultées ici.

Définitions des catégories :

Modélisation / prédiction : La modélisation prédictive est un processus qui utilise l'exploration de données et la probabilité pour prévoir les résultats. Chaque modèle est composé de plusieurs prédicteurs, qui sont des variables susceptibles d'influencer les résultats futurs.

Épidémiologie : Branche de la médecine qui traite de l'incidence, de la répartition et du contrôle éventuel des maladies et d'autres facteurs liés à la santé. Comprend le taux de reproduction de base (Ro), les taux d'attaque, le temps de doublement du nombre de cas, le taux de létalité, l'intervalle sériel, le taux d'attaque clinique, la fraction asymptomatique, la proportion de cas asymptomatiques et infectieux*.

Transmission : Passage d'un agent pathogène causant une maladie transmissible d'un hôte infecté à un hôte non infecté par des voies directes ou indirectes.

Données cliniques des cas : Comprend les paramètres cliniques tels que la période d'incubation, la période de latence, la période de contagiosité, la durée de la maladie, la durée de l'hospitalisation, les facteurs de risque de l'hôte, ainsi que les profils cliniques des patients; les symptômes présentés, les symptômes au cours de la maladie, les séquelles, les comorbidités.* 

Surveillance : La surveillance de la santé publique est la collecte, l'analyse et l'interprétation continues et systématiques de données relatives à la santé.  Les données de surveillance concerneront probablement le nombre de cas suspects / confirmés, le nombre de décès, le nombre de personnes guéries. *

Coronavirologie : Toutes les recherches relatives au virus, ses caractéristiques, sa constitution génétique et les analyses phylogénétiques.

Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes : Toutes les études sur l'identification du virus : culture, PCR, tests de dépistage d'anticorps ou d’antigènes, etc.

Thérapeutique : Étude des substances pouvant être utilisées pour traiter les hôtes infectés, y compris les produits d'immunisation passive.

Recherche sur les vaccins : Études des candidats à la vaccination pour prévenir l'infection par le 2019-nCoV, y compris des essais cliniques.

Priorités de santé publique : Ces citations porteront sur les priorités actuelles de recherche et/ou sur les lacunes dans les connaissances.

Interventions de santé publique* : Toute étude évaluant l'efficacité (réelle ou possible) d'une intervention de santé publique (dans le cas d'un modèle prédictif).

Réponse de la santé publique : Ces articles sont généralement des aperçus des activités passées et actuelles, qui identifient souvent les lacunes dans les connaissances et suggèrent des activités ou des objectifs futurs.

Prévention et contrôle des infections/Infection Prevention and Control (PCI/IPAC) : Les recherches sur l'efficacité des interventions en PCI doivent également être marquées comme PCI.

Réponse des soins de santé : Ce point comprendrait une description des activités pour traiter les cas de 2019-nCoV, notamment :  mise en place d'une équipe multidisciplinaire spéciale de soins intensifs d'urgence; préparation des lits et des équipements médicaux / stockage des fournitures; sensibilisation et formation du personnel; reconnaissance précoce des cas et classification de la gravité de la maladie.

Immunologie :

Modèle animal:

Zoonotic: all literature discussing the transmission to and from or occurrence of naturally acquired SARS-COV-2 infection in animals.

Économie: documents discutant / prévoyant l'économie de la pandémie de COVID-19

Revue de la documentation :  Tous les articles qui résument les documents publiés peuvent être marqués comme une revue.  Cela comprend les revues systématiques, les méta-analyses, les études de la portée, les aperçus, les examens généraux*.

Commentaires/Éditorial : Pour les commentaires, éditoriaux, lettres à la rédaction, autres types d'articles d'opinion pour lesquels aucune nouvelle donnée n'est collectée ou aucune analyse n'est effectuée par l'auteur, veuillez les marquer dans la catégorie des commentaires.

journaux Articles de presse qui n'ont pas d'informations scientifiques.

* Les listes ne sont pas exhaustives