Good afternoon,
There are 756 citations in today’s scan. 411 were considered primary research or review literature.
Highlights today include:
CANADA
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Nwachukwu et al examined relative presentations of these psychopathologies in different age groups in a Canadian cohort during the COVID-19 pandemic. There were 8267 individuals
who completed the survey. The findings indicate that the prevalence rates and the mean scores for stress, anxiety, and depression on standardized scales to decrease from younger to older subscribers is an interesting observation with potential implications
for planning to meet mental health service needs during COVID-19.
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Pabst et al examined the age distributions of hospitalizations and serious healthcare interventions in Ontario, Canada, in order to quantify the age-related impacts of
COVID-19, and to identify potential risks should the healthcare system become overwhelmed with COVID-19 patients in the future. The distribution of COVID-19 related hospitalizations peaks with a wide plateau covering ages 54-90, whereas deaths are sharply
concentrated in very old ages, with a maximum at age 90. The estimated probability of hospitalization given known SARS-CoV-2 infection reaches a maximum of 32.0% at age 75.
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Nah et al introduce a novel approach to inform the re-opening plan followed by a post-pandemic lockdown by integrating a stochastic optimization technique with a disease
transmission model and assess Ontarios re-opening plans as a case-study. Taking into account the uncertainties in contact rates during different re-opening phases, the authors find the optimal timing for the upcoming re-opening phase that maximizes the relaxation
of social contacts under uncertainties, while not overwhelming the health system capacity before the arrival of effective therapeutics or vaccines.
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Neault et al demonstrate the presence of SARS-CoV-2 structural proteins in the wastewater of Ottawa using traditional immunoblotting and quantitate them from wastewater
solids using an immuno-linked PCR method called Multiplex Paired-antibody Amplified Detection (MPAD). In this longitudinal study, the authors corrected for stochastic variability inherent to wastewater-based epidemiology using multiple fecal content protein
biomarkers. These normalized SARS-CoV-2 protein data correlated well with public health metrics.
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Hurford et al.
On May 4th, 2020, Newfoundland and Labrador (NL) implemented travel restrictions such that non-residents were required to have exemptions to enter the province. Authors fit a stochastic epidemic model to data describing the number
of active COVID-19 cases in NL from March 14th - May 4th. Using epidemic modelling, authors show how the NL COVID-19 outbreak could have unfolded had the travel restrictions not been implemented.
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Mitra et al.
analyse patterns of physical activity, sedentary, and sleep behaviours among Canadian children ( 5-17 years of age) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Physical activity was greater among children living in houses, in comparison to children living in apartments,
however compliance to movement guidelines was low among all groups when compared to pre-pandemic levels. Low dwelling density, access to parks in high-density neighbourhoods were associated with increased levels of physical activity during the pandemic.
PUBLIC HEALTH INTERVENTION
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Dantas et al.
use the combination of symptoms to build a regression model as a screening tool to identify people and areas with a higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection to be prioritized for testing. The results showed that the combination
of symptoms might predict SARS-Cov-2 infection and, therefore, can be used as a tool by decision-makers to refine testing and disease control strategies.
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Zeilinger et al
used global data and a non-parametric machine learning model to estimate the effects of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) in relation to how long they have been in place. They show that closure and regulation of schools was the most important NPI,
associated with a pronounced effect about 10 days after implementation. Restrictions of mass gatherings and restrictions and regulations of businesses were found to have a more gradual effect, and social distancing was associated with a delayed effect starting
about 18 days after implementation
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Miao
et al. mathematically model the reopening of businesses by considering a transmission model alongside a net profit equation. A series of case studies were also developed to assess outcomes when different combinations
of control practices are implemented, varied outcomes based on different scenarios are discussed. Overall, the use of personal protective equipment was found to have a significant impact on infection transmission linked to business reopening.
IPAC
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Storm et al.
we describe the inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 in both wet and dry format using radiation generated by a commercially available
Signify ultraviolet (UV)-C light source at 254 nm. We show that for contaminated surfaces, only seconds of exposure is required for complete inactivation, allowing for easy implementation in decontamination workflows.
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Mejia et al.
describe a novel biosafety isolation environment for performing a tracheostomy in a patient infected with SARS CoV-2
TRANSMISSION
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Arora et al
investigated the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in tears of moderate to severe COVID-19 patients.
SARS-CoV-2-RNA was detected in tears of 24% of laboratory proven
moderate to severe COVID 19 patients. Overall, there is significantly higher possibility of viral transmission through
tears in moderate to severe COVID-19 patients.
EPIDEMIOLOGY
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Watanabe, M.
measured the expected seasonality effect in the mean transmission rate of SARS-CoV-2. The seasonal force of transmission of COVID-19 increases in September in the Northern hemisphere and in April in the Southern hemisphere.
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Jung et al. analyzed a national cohort of over 10,273 patients with COVID-19, and found that more than 60% of all cases in South Korea reported no symptoms at
the time of diagnosis. Findings suggest that symptom-based screening alone may fail to control transmission during the infected but asymptomatic stage. Expanding criteria for contact tracing and testing should be urgently considered.
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Self et al. Among 3,248 personnel observed, 6% had antibody evidence of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection; 29% of personnel
with SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were asymptomatic in the preceding months, and 69% had not previously received a diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies was lower among personnel who reported always wearing a face covering while caring
for patients (6%), compared with those who did not (9%). A high proportion of
SARS-CoV-2 infections among health care personnel appear to go undetected. Universal use of face coverings and lowering clinical thresholds for testing could be important strategies for reducing hospital transmission.
CLINICAL DATA
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Gao et al report the case of a potential SARS-CoV-2 infection of a fetus in utero. They provide results of serial antibody titers within 50 days
of birth in a full-term neonate born to a 30-year old mother with COVID-19 at 32 weeks gestation. The infant was considered to have a high possibility of intrauterine infection according to slight inflammation of the placenta, positive virus nucleic acid
test results, and unequivocal positive IgM. Prognosis for mother and neonate was favorable.
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Farghaly et al report on characteristics of newborns born to SARS-CoV-2 mothers in 79 mother-newborn pairs of whom 19% tested SARS-CoV-2
positive at a New York City hospital between March and May 2020. SARS-CoV-2 positive mothers were older, more frequently reported contact with a SARS-CoV-2 patient, and reported symptoms more frequently than non-SARS-CoV-2 infected mothers, though 40% were
still asymptomatic. Newborns of SARS-CoV-2 mothers were in poorer health at delivery, had markedly reduced skin-to-skin contact, were more likely to require NICU admission, and were more likely to be symptomatic at 2-week follow-up.
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Henry et al.
report measurement of circulating plasminogen in patients with this pandemic infectious disease. They observed that patients with COVID-19 present to the ED with normal levels of plasminogen, but those progressing to severe disease demonstrate
mildly lower values suggestive of consumption for fibrinolysis activation.
THERAPEUTICS
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Davoudi-Monfared et al. conducted a randomized control trial
to determine the efficacy and safety of IFN β-1a in patients with severe COVID-19. As the primary outcome, time to the clinical response was not significantly different between the IFN and the control groups.
The 28-day overall mortality and early discharge was significantly lower in the IFN than the control group.
VACCINE RESEARCH
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de Awis et al. vaccinated mice with a newly developed
self-transcribing and replicating RNA (STAR) based vaccine (LUNAR-COV19). A single prime vaccination in mice led to robust antibody responses, with neutralizing antibody titers increasing up to day 60. A
single LUNAR-COV19 vaccination at both 2 μg and 10 μg doses completely protected human ACE2 transgenic mice from both mortality and even measurable infection following wild-type SARS-CoV-2 challenge.
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Tostanoski et al.
showed that high-dose intranasal SARS-CoV-2 infection in hamsters could result in severe clinical disease, including high levels of virus replication in tissues, extensive pneumonia, weight loss and mortality. A single immunization with an adenovirus
serotype 26 vector-based vaccine showed neutralizing antibody responses and protection against SARS-CoV-2-induced weight loss, pneumonia and mortality.
DIAGNOSTICS
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Mascuch et al.
present the blueprint for in-house SARS-CoV-2 RT-qPCR test kits that can be used by academic laboratories to replicate commercially available test kits. The blueprint and testing protocols were developed by researchers at Georgia Tech.
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Yokota et al
conducted a study to compare the viral loads of nasopharyngeal (NPS) and saliva specimens in 42 patients with COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2 was detected in 34 (81%) using NPS and 38 (90%) using saliva. Self-collected saliva had a detection sensitivity comparable
to that of NPS and may be a useful diagnostic tool.
PUBLIC HEALTH RESPONSE
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Hall et al. The aim of this study was to assess the willingness of adults to use different specimen collection modalities for themselves
and children as part of a COVID-19 research study. Most participants were willing to participate in a COVID-19 research study that involves laboratory testing; however, there was a strong preference for home specimen collection procedures over drive-through
or clinic-based testing.
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Marashi et al.
survey perceived barriers and motivators to physical activity and mental health midst the COVID-19 pandemic. The study finds responders were less physically active and more sedentary during the pandemic when compared to the previous 6 months. The pandemic
also resulted in increased physiological stress and anxiety among study participants. Individuals experiencing the greatest deterioration in mental health were also the least active.
HEALTH CARE RESPONSE
·
Larsen et al. hypothesize the order of symptom occurrence could help patients and medical professionals more quickly distinguish COVID-19 from other
respiratory diseases. They compared the progression of these symptoms in COVID-19 to other respiratory diseases, such as influenza, SARS, and MERS, to observe if the diseases present differently. Their model predicts that influenza initiates with cough, whereas
COVID-19 like other coronavirus-related diseases initiates with fever. However, COVID-19 differs from SARS and MERS in the order of gastrointestinal symptoms. Results support the notion that fever should be used to screen for entry into facilities as regions
begin to reopen after the outbreak of Spring 2020.
·
McGuinness et al.
conduct an analysis of clinical decisions to delay abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair to conserve healthcare resources during the COVID-19 pandemic. The analysis finds, patient age, aneurysms size, and local COVID infection prevalence play a role
in patient survival and operative risk, and should be considered when deciding to delay such operative procedures.
Regards,
Lisa Waddell, Tricia Corrin, Rukshanda Ahmad, Robyn Odell, Maribeth Mitri, Julie Theriault, Dobrila Todoric, Alejandra Dubois, Christina Bancej, Austyn Baumeister, Anam Khan, Musaab Younis, Lien Mi Tien, Dima Ayache, Angela Sloan, Kaitlin
Young, Chatura Prematunge, Ainsley Otten
Focus areas: Modelling/ prediction, Epidemiology, Transmission, Clinical data, Surveillance, Coronavirology, Diagnostics / Pathogen detection, Therapeutics,
Vaccine Research, Public health interventions, Public Health response, Public Health Priorities, IPAC, Health care response, immunology, economics, animal model, zoonoses, Review Literature, Commentary/Editorial, news
Domaines cibles: Modélisation/prédiction, Épidémiologie, Transmission, Données cliniques, Surveillance, Coronavirologie, Diagnostics
/ Détection d'agents pathogènes, Thérapeutique, Recherche sur les vaccins, Interventions de santé publique, Priorités de santé publique, PCI,
Réponse des soins de santé, immunologie, économie, modèle animal, zoonoses, Revue de littérature, Commentaire/Éditorial, journaux
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PUBLICATIONS |
AUTHORS / AUTEURS |
SOURCE |
FOCI / DOMAINE |
SUMMARY / SOMMAIRE |
HSMA_WOA: A hybrid novel Slime mould algorithm with whale optimization algorithm for tackling the image segmentation problem of chest X-ray images |
Abdel-Basset, M, Chang, et al |
Applied Soft Computing Journal |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes |
To improve the classification accuracy of the machine learning, the region of interest within the image that contains
the features of COVID-19 must be extracted. This problem is called the image segmentation problem (ISP). This paper proposes a new hybrid approach based on the thresholding technique to overcome ISP for COVID-19 chest X-ray images by integrating a novel meta-heuristic
algorithm known as a slime mold algorithm (SMA) with the whale optimization algorithm to maximize the Kapur's entropy. The performance of integrated SMA has been evaluated on 12 chest X-ray images with threshold levels up to 30 and compared with five algorithms:
Lshade algorithm, whale optimization algorithm (WOA), FireFly algorithm (FFA), Harris-hawks algorithm (HHA), salp swarm algorithms (SSA), and the standard SMA. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm outperforms SMA under Kapur's entropy
for all the metrics used and the standard SMA could perform better than the other algorithms in the comparison under all the metrics. |
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Abdel-Basst, M, Mohamed, et al |
Health Informatics J |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes |
This article advocates a model to differentiate between COVID-19 and other four viral chest diseases under uncertainty environment using the viruses primary
symptoms and CT scans. The proposed model is based on a plithogenic set, which provides higher accurate evaluation results in an uncertain environment. The proposed model employs the best-worst method (BWM) and the technique in order of preference by similarity
to ideal solution (TOPSIS). Besides, this study discusses how smart Internet of Things technology can assist medical staff in monitoring the spread of COVID-19. Experimental evaluation of the proposed model was conducted on five different chest diseases. Evaluation
results demonstrate that the proposed model effectiveness in detecting the COVID-19 in all five cases achieving detection accuracy of up to 98%. |
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Abduljaleel, Z, A |
Research Square prepub |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Vaccine Research| Recherche sur les vaccins |
Here we developed a peptide-based vaccine and used high throughput screening by molecular dynamics simulation to identify T-cell and β-cell recognized
epitopes to the production of specific antibodies against SARS-nCoV-2. We construct ~12 P` antigenic epitope peptides used to develop a more effective vaccine and identify specific antibody. These epitope peptides selectively best antigens presentation scores
for both human pMHC- class I-II alleles to develop strong bindings affinity that were all antigens identified of SARS-nCoV-2 different proteins by each attached specific 1-7L linkers adaptor to construct a large single peripheral peptide vaccine. It is expected
to be highly antigenic with a minimum allergic effect. Furthermore, considering the conservancy, this peptide vaccine promising to be highly utilized to a developed specific antibody against SARS-nCoV-2 by an initiate of T-cell and β-cell. An in-vitro study
for the proposed peptide-based vaccine mostly recommended. Further clinical trials are required to check the efficacy of this vaccine. |
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Genome based evolutionary lineage of SARS-CoV-2 towards the development of novel chimeric vaccine |
Akhand, MRN, Azim, et al |
Infect Genet Evol |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Vaccine Research| Recherche sur les vaccins |
The present study aimed to predict a novel chimeric vaccine by simultaneously targeting four major structural proteins via the establishment of ancestral
relationship among different strains of coronaviruses. Conserved regions from the homologous protein sets of spike glycoprotein, membrane protein, envelope protein and nucleocapsid protein were identified through multiple sequence alignment. The phylogeny
analyses of whole genome stated that four proteins reflected the close ancestral relation of SARS-CoV-2 to SARS-COV-1 and bat coronavirus. Numerous immunogenic epitopes (both T cell and B cell) were generated from the common fragments which were further ranked
on the basis of antigenicity, transmembrane topology, conservancy level, toxicity and allergenicity pattern and population coverage analysis. Top putative epitopes were combined with appropriate adjuvants and linkers to construct a novel multiepitope subunit
vaccine against COVID-19. Molecular docking study ensured high binding affinity between construct V3 and HLA cells, as well as with different host receptors. Microbial expression and translational efficacy of the constructs were checked using pET28a(+) vector
of E. coli strain K12. |
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Aladağ, N, Atabey, et al |
Acta Cardiol |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
This study aimed to identify the potential cardiovascular risk factors associated with mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. All consecutive patients
admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) of our institute for COVID-19 from 1 April 2020 to 20 May 2020 were included. There were no significant difference between survivors and non-survivors regarding age, gender, and pre-existing coronary artery disease, hypertension,
diabetes, heart failure, coronary artery bypass grafting surgery, percutaneous coronary intervention and coronary stenting. Admission D-dimer and NT-proBNP levels of non-survivors were significantly higher than survivors. CRP, procalcitonin, creatine kinase
(CK) and troponin I levels on 7th day of admission were significantly higher in non-survivors compared to survivors. In addition, both admission and 7th day lymphocyte count were lower in non-survivors compared to that of the survivors. CRP declined from admission
to 7th day of hospitalisation in survivors, whereas a median 6.75 mg/L increase was observed in non survivors. The peak and minimum CRP, procalcitonin and levels were significantly higher in non-survivors than survivors. The peak NT-proBNP level of non-survivors
was also significantly higher than that of the survivors. Intubation, lower GFR values and higher NT-proBNP values were predictive for death. |
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Ali, K, Rao, et al |
Journal of Primary Care and Community Health |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
The prison population is at a significantly increased risk for infection. Prisoners from the Montford Correctional
facility in Lubbock, Texas, hospitalized in the medical intensive care unit at University Medical Center between March 1, 2020 and May 15, 2020 were compared to community-based patients hospitalized in the same medical intensive care unit. A total of 15 community-based
patients with a mean age of 67.4 ± 15.5 years were compared to 5 prisoners with a mean age of 56.0 ± 9.0 years. All prisoners were men; 10 community-based patients were men. Prisoners presented with fever, dyspnea, and GI symptoms. The mean number of comorbidities
in prisoners was 2.4 compared to 1.8 in community-based patients. Prisoners had significantly lower heart rates and respiratory rates at presentation than community-based patients. The mean length of stay in prisoners was 12.6 ± 8.9 days; the mean length of
stay in community-based patients was 8.6 ± 6.5. The case fatality rate was 60% in both groups. |
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Al-Raeei, M |
Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
We apply the SIRD epidemiology model for estimating the basic reproduction number of the new coronavirus disease for
multiple different countries. We use the collected data of the new coronavirus pandemic reported up to date July 30, 2020 in India, the Syrian Arab Republic, the United States, France, Nigeria, Yemen, China and Russia. We find that the basic reproduction numbers
of the new coronavirus disease are located in the range 1.0011–2.7936 for the different location countries and the values of the ratio between the rate of recovery and the rate of mortality are between 1.5905 for Yemen and 44.0805 for Russia. Also, we find
the dates of the actual decreasing of Covid-19 cases in five countries. |
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Case Report: COVID-19-Related Pneumothorax-Case Series Highlighting
a Significant Complication |
Al-Shokri, S, Ahmed, et al |
Am J Trop Med Hyg |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We here report three cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection complicated by pneumothorax. In addition, we present a brief literature
review. |
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The Impact of COVID-19 on Emergent Large-Vessel Occlusion: Delayed
Presentation Confirmed by ASPECTS |
Altschul, DJ, Haranhalli, et al |
AJNR Am J Neuroradiol |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
This study evaluates the impact of COVID-19 on presentation, treatment, and outcomes of patients with emergent large-vessel
occlusion using data from a large health system in the Bronx, New York. We performed a retrospective cohort study of 2 cohorts of consecutive patients with emergent large-vessel occlusion admitted to 3 Montefiore Health System hospitals in the Bronx from January
1 to February 17, 2020, (prepandemic) and March 1 to April 17, 2020 (pandemic). Of 179 patients admitted with ischemic stroke during the study periods, 80 had emergent large-vessel occlusion, of whom 36 were in the pandemic group. Patients in the pandemic
group were younger (66 versus 72 years, P < .061) and had lower ASPECTS (7 versus 9, P < .001) and took longer to arrive at the hospital (361 versus 152 minutes, P < .004) with no other major differences. There was a decreased rate of thrombolysis administration
(22% versus 43%, P < .049) and a decreased number of patients treated with mechanical thrombectomy (33% versus 61%, P < .013). |
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Aman, MA, Salman, et al |
Remote Sensing Applications: Society and Environment |
Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique |
This study attempted to analyze the impact of lockdown on water and air quality to understand the short-term environmental
changes. Using remote sensing data, this study demonstrated the improvements in ambient water quality in terms of decreased turbidity levels for a section of the Sabarmati River in the Ahmedabad region of India. We noticed that the average Suspended Particulate
Matter (SPM) has significantly decreased by about 36.48% when compared with the pre-lockdown period; and a drop of 16.79% was observed from the previous year's average SPM. Overall, the average SPM concentration during the lockdown period (8.08 mg/l), was
the lowest when compared with pre-lockdown average and long-term (2015–2019) April month average. The atmospheric pollution level (NO2, PM2.5, and PM10) data obtained from the Central Pollution Control Board for Ahmedabad city also shows a significant improvement
during the study period, implying a positive response of COVID-19 imposed lockdown on the environmental fronts. |
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Anastasiou, OE, Theodoropoulos, et al |
J Med Virol |
Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes |
We analyzed data from 167 cases, where bilateral bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples were tested, and from 101 cases,
where BAL samples and endotracheal aspirates (EA) were tested. In the bilateral BAL cohort, 46 (27.5%) cases were positive for at least one of the viruses mentioned above in both samples. Discrepant results (virus not detected on one side) were seen in 6 (3.6%)
cases. In the BAL vs EA cohort, 12 (11.9%) cases were positive in both materials, discrepant results (only one material being positive) were observed in 11 (10.9%) cases, with 7 (63.6%) BAL samples and 4 (36.4%) EA being positive. |
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Annen, Kyle, Morrison, et al |
medRxiv |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Immunology | Immunologie |
We evaluated 87 separate units of convalescent plasma (CCP) collected from 36 donors over two to four sequential donations
using both antigen-binding assays for SARS-CoV-2 nucleoprotein and spike antigens, and a live virus focus reduction neutralization test (FRNT50). Our data shows that the majority of donors (83 percent) had a FRNT50 titer of 1/80 or greater, and 61 percent
had a titer greater than or equal to 1/160, which meet the FDA criteria for acceptable CCP units. Additionally, our data indicates that analysis of antibodies to a single SARS-CoV-2 antigen is likely to miss a percentage of seroconverters. These individuals,
however, tend to have neutralizing antibody titers of less than 1/80. Of note, there was considerable variability in the short term, sustained antibody response, measured by neutralizing antibody titers, among our donor population. |
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Evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 in tears of moderate to severe COVID-19 patients |
Arora, R, Goel, et al |
Ophthalmology |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Transmission |
This study aimed to investigate the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in tears of moderate to severe COVID-19 patients. Tears
were collected within 48 hours of laboratory confirmation using three methods (group 1) conjunctival swab + Schirmer's strips, (group 2) conjunctival swab, (group 3) Schirmer's strips. Of the 78 cases enrolled in the study, samples of 3 patients were found
inadequate for analysis. SARS-CoV-2-RNA was detected in tears of 24% of laboratory proven moderate to severe COVID 19 patients. Conjunctival swab remains the gold standard of tear collection for RT-PCR assay. There is significantly higher possibility of viral
transmission through tears in moderate to severe COVID-19 patients. |
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Serum KL-6 level is a useful biomarker for evaluating the severity of coronavirus disease 2019 |
Awano, N, Inomata, et al |
Respiratory Investigation |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
This study examined whether serum Krebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6) level is a useful biomarker for evaluating the severity
of COVID-19. We retrospectively examined patients diagnosed with COVID-19 at the Japanese Red Cross Medical Center between February 1, 2020, and May 15, 2020. Patients were divided into four categories based on clinical and radiological findings: mild, moderate,
severe, and critical. A total of 54 patients were enrolled, including 33 in the non-severe group and 21 in the severe group, of which four died. Compared with those in the non-severe group, more patients in the severe group were significantly older and had
comorbidities. Serum KL-6 levels were significantly higher in the severe group than in the non-severe group both at diagnosis (median, 338 U/mL) and at peak levels within one week after diagnosis (median, 781 U/mL) (both p < 0.001). Serum KL-6 value at peak
level (371 U/mL) was used as the optimal cut-off to evaluate disease severity (sensitivity, 85.7%; specificity, 96.6%). |
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Infectivity of Human Olfactory Neurons to SARS-CoV-2: A Link to Anosmia |
Bagasra, Omar, Pandey, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
We sought to investigate if the loss of smell is primarily due to direct infection of olfactory neurons. We utilized
two olfactory neuronal cell lines, one male and the other female in origin. In addition, we used four undifferentiated and two partially differentiated, human developing neuronal cell lines derived from neuroblastoma of male and female origin to determine
the permissiveness of these neurons to SARS-CoV-2. Infection of two olfactory cell lines, JFEN and TC-268, with SARS-CoV-2 was determined by IFA and confirmed by RT-qPCR and morphological observations where dysregulation in neurite formation was documented.
Four-to-five days after exposure to the virus both olfactory cell lines exhibited morphological evidence of infection while IFA analyses indicated that ~30% of the neurons were positive. Two weeks following infection between 70-80% of the neurons exhibited
positive expression of SARS-CoV-2 antigens. Two partially differentiated: CRL-2266 and CRL-2267 and four undifferentiated cell lines: CRL 2142 CRL 2149, CRL-127 and CDL-2271 were essentially non-permissive when compared against the two olfactory cell lines
and only rare neurons (<1:1,000) exhibited positive cells by IFA but no apparent morphological changes could be discerned. The RT-qPCR results showed low levels of infection. After RA treatment only one cell line, CRL-127, exhibited slight permissiveness which
was confirmed by RT-qPCR. The TMPRSS2 receptor showed high expression in olfactory neurons but low expression in CRL-127 after RA treatment. |
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Bagnato, S, Boccagni, et al |
International Journal of Infectious Diseases |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
This paper describes a patient who developed diffuse and symmetrical muscle weakness after a long stay in the intensive
care unit (ICU) due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The patient underwent a neurophysiological protocol, including nerve conduction studies, concentric needle electromyography (EMG) of the proximal and distal muscles, and direct muscle stimulation
(DMS). |
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Evaluating Prosocial COVID-19 Messaging Frames: Evidence from a Field Study
on Facebook |
Banker, Sachin, Park, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
In the current study we report on the findings of a field experiment (N = 25,580) conducted on Facebook during the
critical initial weeks of the COVID-19 outbreak. Our observations indicate that the efficacy of prosocial ad messaging depends upon the distance of the social group in focus. Specifically, while distant prosocial framing (“protect your community”) was significantly
less effective than self-focused framing (“protect yourself”), close prosocial framing (“protect your loved ones”) was equally effective as self-focused framing in eliciting clickthroughs to official CDC recommendations. |
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Modeling Reading Ability Gain in Kindergarten Children during COVID-19 School Closures |
Bao, X, Qu, et al |
Int J Environ Res Public Health |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
Using a pre-existing database, we calculated changes in children's reading ability without formal education (i.e.,
the summer months). The resultant models predicted that the rate of reading ability gain in kindergarten children during COVID-19 school closures without formal in-person education will decrease 66% (2.46 vs. 7.17 points/100 days), compared to the business-as-usual
scenario, resulting in a 31% less reading ability gain from 1 January 2020 to 1 September 2020. Additionally, the model predicted that kindergarten children who have books read to them daily would have 2.3 points less loss (42%) compared to those who do not,
who are predicted to have a 5.6-point loss during the same time period. |
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Barros, MBA, Lima, et al |
Epidemiologia e servicos de saude : revista do Sistema Unico de Saude do Brasil |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
This cross-sectional study aimed to analyze the frequency of sadness, nervousness, and sleep disorders during the COVID-19
pandemic in Brazil, identifying the most affected demographic segments. The data on 45,161 Brazilian respondents showed that during the pandemic 40.4% (95%CI 39.0;41.8) frequently felt sad or depressed and 52.6% (95%CI 51.2;54.1) frequently felt anxious or
nervous; 43.5% (95%CI 41.8;45.3) reported the onset of sleep problems and 48.0% (95%CI 45.6;50.5) had a prior sleep problem that had become worse. Frequent sadness and nervousness, as well as change in sleep patterns were higher in young adults, women and
those with a history of depression. |
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Mental Health Burden of the COVID-19 Outbreak in Germany: Predictors of Mental Health Impairment |
Bäuerle, A, Steinbach, et al |
Journal of Primary Care and Community Health |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
This study aims to assess individual changes in mental health and health status before and after the COVID-19 outbreak,
and to explore potential predictors of change. A cross-sectional study in Germany (n = 15 037) were conducted. Overall, the participants showed a significant increase in depression and anxiety symptoms, and distress, while health status deteriorated since
the COVID-19 outbreak. Impairment in mental health was predicted by COVID-19-related fear. Pre-existing mental illness predicted an increase in depression symptoms and a deterioration in health status. Trust in governmental actions and the subjective level
of information predicted less increase in psychological burden. |
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Google COVID-19 Search Trends Symptoms Dataset: Anonymization Process Description (version 1.0) |
Bavadekar, S, D |
ArXiv |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
This report describes the aggregation and anonymization process applied to the initial version of COVID-19 Search Trends
symptoms dataset (published at https://goo.gle/covid19symptomdataset on September 2, 2020), a publicly available dataset that shows aggregated, anonymized trends in Google searches for symptoms (and some related topics). The anonymization process is designed
to protect the daily symptom search activity of every user with ε-differential privacy for ε = 1.68. |
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Beenen, LFM, Bos, et al |
Thrombosis research |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
We hypothesized that patients requiring invasive mechanical ventilation for COVID-19 related acute respiratory failure
have more extensive perfusion defects compared to patients not requiring invasive ventilation. We performed an observational study in 20 consecutive patients who were admitted after March 15th 2020 to a university hospital in the Netherlands with RT-PCR confirmed
COVID-19, and who in the course of the disease had a clinical suspicion of pulmonary embolism for which they underwent CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA). In conclusion, invasively mechanically ventilated ICU patients with severe COVID-19 not only can develop
pulmonary embolism but also show large scattered areas of severely diminished perfusion consistent with diffuse pulmonary microcirculatory dysfunction. |
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The COVID-19Pandemic in Italy: Policy and Technology Impact on Health and Non-Health
Outcomes |
Berardi, Chiara, Antonini, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique |
The paper aims to analyse the policies implemented by the government and their impact on health and non-health outcomes
considering both scaling-up and scaling-down interventions. To categorise the policy interventions, we rely on the comparative and conceptual framework developed by Moy et al. (2020). We investigate the impact of policies on the daily reported number of deaths,
case fatality rate, confirmation rate, intensive care unit saturation, and financial and job market indicators across the three major geographical areas of Italy (North, Centre, and South). Our findings suggest that the strictness and timing of containment
and prevention measures played a prominent role in tackling the pandemic, both from a health and economic perspective. Technological interventions played a marginal role due to the inadequacy of protocols and the delay of their implementation. |
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Bermejo-Martin, Jesus, Gonzalez-Rivera, et al |
medRxiv |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We determined the association of plasma SARS-CoV-2 RNA with the biological responses and the clinical severity of patients
with COVID-19. 250 patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection were recruited (50 outpatients, 100 hospitalised ward patients, and 100 critically ill). The presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA viremia was independently associated with a number of features consistently
identified in sepsis: 1) high levels of cytokines (including CXCL10, CCL-2, IL-10, IL-1ra, IL-15, and G-CSF); 2) higher levels of ferritin and LDH; 3) low lymphocyte and monocyte counts 4) and low platelet counts. In hospitalised patients, the presence of
SARS-CoV-2 RNA viremia was independently associated with critical illness: (adjusted OR= 8.30 CI95%=4.21-16.34], p < 0.001). CXCL10 was the most accurate identifier of SARS-CoV-2-RNA viremia in plasma (area under the curve (AUC), CI95%], p) = 0.85 0.80 0.89),
<0.001]), suggesting its potential role as a surrogate biomarker of viremia. The cytokine IL-15 most accurately differentiated clinical ward patients from ICU patients (AUC: 0.82 0.76 0.88], <0.001). |
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Bernabeu-Wittel, M, Ternero-Vega, et al |
Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
The main objective was to compare the accuracy of recently developed COVID-19 prognostic scores to that of CURB-65,
Charlson and PROFUND indices in a cohort of 272 elderly patients from four nursing homes, affected by COVID-19. Overall mortality rate was 22.4 %. Only ACP and Shi et al. out of 10 specific COVID-19 indices could be assessed. All indices but CURB-65 showed
a good calibration by H-L test, whilst PROFUND, ACP and CURB-65 showed best results in calibration curves. Only CURB-65 (AUC-ROC = 0.81 0.75–0.87])) and PROFUND (AUC-ROC = 0.67 0.6–0.75])) showed good discrimination power. The highest NPV was obtained by CURB-65
(95 % 90–98%]), PROFUND (93 % 77–98%]), and their combination (100 % 82–100%]); whereas CURB-65 (74 % 51–88%]), and its combination with PROFUND (80 % 50–94%]) showed highest PPV. PROFUND and CURB-65 indices showed the highest accuracy in predicting death-risk
of elderly patients affected by COVID-19, whereas Charlson and recent developed COVID-19 specific tools lacked it, or were not available to assess. A comprehensive clinical stratification on two-level basis (basal death risk due to chronic conditions by PROFUND
index, plus current death risk due to COVID-19 by CURB-65), could be an appropriate approach. |
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Best, MJ, McFarland, et al |
Surgery (United States) |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé Economics | Économie |
The purpose of this study is to estimate national hospital reimbursement and net income losses owing to elective surgical
procedure cancellation during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. The estimated total annual cost of elective inpatient and outpatient surgical procedures in the United States was $147.2 billion, and estimated total hospital reimbursement was $195.4 to
$212.2 billion. This resulted in a net income of $48.0 to $64.8 billion per year to the US hospital system. Cancellation of all elective procedures would result in estimated losses of $16.3 to $17.7 billion per month in revenue and $4 to $5.4 billion per month
in net income to US hospitals. |
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Does Chemotherapy Reactivate SARS-CoV-2 in Cancer Patients Recovered from Prior COVID-19 Infection? |
Bi, J, Ma, et al |
Eur Respir J |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
It is important to investigate whether chemotherapy can cause reactivation of SARS-CoV-2 in cancer patients with prior
COVID-19 infection. In this study, we collected and analysed data from 39 cancer patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection history (negative for viral RNA and positive for serum antibodies) who received subsequent chemotherapy from seven hospitals in China. To our
knowledge, this is the first study reporting that recovered COVID-19 cancer patients remain negative in the short-term for SARS-CoV-2 after delivery of chemotherapy. |
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Biebaû, CM, Desmet, et al |
Research Square prepub |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
This study aimed to characterize CT-findings of COVID-19 pneumonia and their value in diagnosis and outcome prediction.
Chest CTs of 182 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 infection by RT-PCR were evaluated for the presence of CT-abnormalities and their frequency. Multivariate statistical analysis confirmed a higher age (OR= 1.023, p= 0.025), a higher total visual
severity score (OR= 1.038, p= 0.002) and the presence of crazy paving (OR= 2.160, p= 0.034) as predictive parameters for patient outcome. A higher total visual severity score (+ 0.134 days; p= 0.012) and the presence of pleural effusion (+ 13.985 days, p=
0.005) were predictive parameters for a longer hospitalization duration. |
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Biswal, A, Singh, et al |
Heliyon |
Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique |
India: The results showed that from March 1 to 21, 2020, the average tropospheric NO(2) concentration was 214.4 ×10(13)
molecule cm(-2) over India, and it subsequently decreased by 12.1% over the next four weeks. An increase of 0.8% in tropospheric NO(2) concentrations was observed for the same period in 2019 and hence, the reduced tropospheric NO(2) concentrations can be attributed
to restricted anthropogenic activities during the lockdown. In the absence of significant activities, the contribution of various sources was estimated, and the emissions from biomass burning were identified as a major source of tropospheric NO(2) during the
lockdown. The findings of this study provide an opportunity to understand the mechanism of tropospheric NO(2) emissions over India, in order to improve air quality modeling and management strategies. |
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The clinical course of COVID-19 in the outpatient setting: a prospective
cohort study |
Blair, PaulW, Brown, et al |
medRxiv |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Outpatients were recruited by phone between April 21 to June 23, 2020 after receiving outpatient or emergency department
testing within a large health network in Maryland, USA. Among 118 SARS-CoV-2 infected outpatients, the median age was 56.0 years (IQR, 50.0 to 63.0) and 50 (42.4%) were male. Among those reporting active symptoms, the most common symptoms during the first
week since symptom onset included weakness/fatigue (67.3%), cough (58.0%), headache (43.8%), and sore throat (34.8%). Participants returned to their usual health a median of 20 days (IQR, 13 to 38) from the symptom onset, and only 65.5% of respondents were
at their usual health during the fourth week of illness. Over 28 days, 10.9% presented to the emergency department and 7.6% required hospitalization. Individuals at the same duration of illness had a 6.1 times increased adjusted odds of subsequent hospitalization
per every percent decrease in home SaO2 (95% confidence interval CI]: 1.41 to 31.23, p=0.02) |
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Preventing and Mitigating SARS-CoV-2 Transmission - Four Overnight Camps, Maine, June-August 2020 |
Blaisdell, LL, Cohn, et al |
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Transmission |
Outbreaks: overnight camps USA. During June-August 2020, four overnight camps in Maine implemented several NPIs to
prevent and mitigate the transmission of SARS-CoV-2, including prearrival quarantine, pre- and postarrival testing and symptom screening, cohorting, use of face coverings, physical distancing, enhanced hygiene measures, cleaning and disinfecting, and maximal
outdoor programming. . Among the 1,022 attendees (staff members and campers) from 41 states, one territory, and six international locations, 1,010 were tested before arrival; 12 attendees who had completed a period of isolation after receiving a diagnosis
of COVID-19 2 months before arrival were not tested. Four (0.4%) asymptomatic attendees received positive SARS-CoV-2 test results before arrival; these persons delayed their arrival, completed 10 days of isolation at home, remained asymptomatic, and did not
receive any further testing before arrival or for the duration of camp attendance. Approximately 1 week after camp arrival, all 1,006 attendees without a previous diagnosis of COVID-19 were tested, and three asymptomatic cases were identified. Following isolation
of these persons and quarantine of their contacts, no secondary transmission of SARS-CoV-2 occurred. These findings can inform similar multilayered public health strategies to prevent and mitigate the introduction and transmission of SARS-CoV-2 among children,
adolescents, and adults in congregate settings, such as overnight camps, residential schools, and colleges. |
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The costs of the COVID-19 on subjective well-being: An analysis of the outbreak in Spain |
Blasco-Belled, A, Tejada-Gallardo, et al |
Sustainability (Switzerland) |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
We examined in a sample of 541 Spanish adults (1) reactions to the COVID-19 outbreak and (2) the mediating role of
these reactions in the associations of hope and social phobia with life satisfaction through different levels of positive and negative affect. A moderated mediation analysis showed that the conditional indirect effect of hope and social anxiety on life satisfaction
through information depended on the participants' having high positive affect and low negative affect. Affect seems to be a mechanism that modulates the influence of individuals' perception about COVID-19 on their life satisfaction. Those with high positive
affect might see the "general picture" and search for adequate information as they avoid focusing on the problem and on specific information that precludes preventive behaviors. |
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Bray, RobertA, Lee, et al |
medRxiv |
Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes |
This study describes the development and validation of a high throughput multiplex bead based antibody detection assay
with the capacity to identify, simultaneously, patient responses to five distinct SARS-CoV-2 proteins. The antibody response to these proteins are SARS-CoV-2 specific as antibodies against four community coronaviruses do not cross-react. Assay configuration
is essentially identical to the single antigen bead assays used in the majority of histocompatibility laboratories around the world and could easily be implemented into routine screening of transplant candidates and recipients. This new assay provides a novel
tool to interrogate the spectrum of immune responses to SAR-CoV-2 and is uniquely suitable for use in the transplant setting. |
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Brown, Allison, Kassam, et al |
medRxiv |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
a cross-sectional survey of medical learners was conducted between March 25-June 14th, 2020, shortly after the World
Health Organization declared concurrent COVID-19 a pandemic. 6492 medical learners completed the survey from 140 countries, Most trainees felt under-utilized and wanted to be engaged clinically in meaningful ways; however, some trainees felt that contributing
to healthcare during a pandemic was beyond the scope of a medical learner. Statistically significant differences were detected between levels of training and geographic regions for satisfaction with organizational responses, the impact of COVID-19 on wellness,
and state-trait anxiety. Overall, the initial disruption to medical training has been perceived by learners across all levels and geographic regions to have negatively affected their training and well-being, |
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Bowel ulceration following tocilizumab administration in a COVID-19 patient |
Bruce-Hickman, D, Sajeed, et al |
BMJ Open Gastroenterology |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We present a case of COVID-19 CRS in which acute terminal ileum and perforated caecal ulceration evolved after tocilizumab
exposure. We raise awareness of a possible causal relationship between even a single dose of tocilizumab and gut ulceration in patients with COVID-19. Any such drug enteropathy relationship requires watchful monitoring during upcoming trials of tocilizumab
in patients with COVID-19. |
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Buising, Kirsty, Williamson, et al |
medRxiv |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Transmission |
HCW outbreaks in hospitals: Results: 262 HCW infections were identified over 9 weeks. 68.3% of infected HCWs were
nurses and the most affected locations were the geriatric and rehabilitation wards. Staff infections peaked when COVID-19 infected inpatient numbers were highest, and density of patients and certain patient behaviours were noted by staff to be linked to possible
transmission events. Three small outbreaks on other wards occurred but all were recognised and brought under control. Availability of rapid turn-around staff testing, and regular review of local data and obtaining feedback from staff helped identify useful
interventions which were iteratively implemented. Attention to staff wellbeing was critical to the response and a comprehensive support service was implemented. |
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Cady, NathanielC, Tokranova, et al |
medRxiv |
Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes |
A multiplexed assay built on grating-coupled fluorescent plasmonics (GC-FP) was shown to have 100% selectivity and
sensitivity (n = 23) when measuring serum IgG levels against three COVID-19 antigens (spike S1, spike S1S2, and the nucleocapsid protein). The entire assay takes less than 30 min, making it highly competitive with well-established ELISA and immunofluorescence
assays. GC-FP is quantitative over a large dynamic range, providing a linear response for serum titers ranging from 1:25 to 1:1,600, and shows high correlation with both ELISA and a Luminex-based microsphere immunoassay (MIA) (Pearson r > 0.9). Compatibility
testing with dried blood spot samples (n = 63) demonstrated 100% selectivity and 86.7% sensitivity. A machine learning (ML) model was trained to classify dried blood spot samples for prior COVID-19 infection status, based on the combined antibody response
to S1, S1S2, and Nuc antigens. |
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Cagnacci, A, Xholli, et al |
Am J Obstet Gynecol |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
Data on infection and death by COVID-19 that occurred in Italy in 2 months, from Feb. 22, 2020 (infection outbreak),
to April 19, 2020. 147,706 affected individuals of whom 17,520 died during the 2 months (death rate of 11.8%). As a result, excess death rate caused by COVID-19 was estimated to be 10.8%. Excess death rate increased with age and was always lower in women
than in men . An excess death rate by COVID-19 higher than 1% was observed after 50 to 59 years of age in women and after 30 to 39 years of age in men. Lifestyle, rate of smoking, or other risk factors may be different between men and women. However, these
data were not available, and we could not control for these factors. |
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Cai, WF, Yuan, et al |
Zhonghua yu fang yi xue za zhi Chinese journal of preventive medicine] |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
Article in Chinese: Compared epidemic period of SARS and SARS-CoV-2. A total of 1 072 cases of SARS in Guangzhou
were included in the study. The incidence ratio of male to female was 1∶1.26.
43 cases of death were reported with a mortality rate of 4.01%. The median age was 36 years old. The proportion of medical staff in the early stage of the epidemic was 29.04% (88 cases). As to COVID-19 in Wuhan, a total of 49 978 cases were included, The incidence
ratio of male to female was 1.04∶1. The 2 423 cases of death
were reported with a mortality rate of 4.85%. The median age was 56 years old. The proportion of medical staff in the early stage of the epidemic was 30.43% (42 cases) |
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An epidemic model for economical impact predicting and spatiotemporal
spreading of COVID-19 |
Cámara, Mateo, Miravete, et al |
medRxiv |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Economics | Économie |
In this research, we seek to advance the existing epidemiological models based on microscopic Markov chains to predict
the impact of the pandemic at medical and economic levels. For this purpose, we have made use of the Spanish population movements based on mobile-phone geographically-located information to determine its economic activity using Artificial Intelligence techniques
and have developed a novel advanced epidemiological model that combines this information with medical data. With this tool, scenarios can be released with which to determine which restriction policies are optimal and when they have to be applied both to limit
the destruction of the economy and to avoid the feared possible upsurge of the disease |
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Campillo-Funollet, Eduard, Van Yperen, et al |
medRxiv |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
We aimed to formulate an applicable epidemiological model to accurately predict and forecast the impact of local resurgence
and outbreaks to guide the local healthcare demand and capacity, policy making, and public health decisions. The model utilised the aggregated daily COVID-19 situation reports (including counts of daily admissions, discharges, and occupancy) from the local
NHS hospitals and Covid-19 related weekly deaths in hospitals and other settings in Sussex (population 1.7M), Southeast England. Understanding how future COVID-19 spikes/waves could possibly affect the regional populations empowers us to ensure the timely
commissioning and organisation of services. Primary care and community services can be guided by the projected number of infectious and recovered patients and hospital admissions/discharges to project discharge pathways to bedded and community settings, thus
allowing services to understand their likely load in future spikes/waves. The flexibility of timings in the model, in combination with other early warning systems, produces a timeframe for these services to prepare and isolate capacity for likely and potential
demand within regional hospitals. The model also allows local authorities to plan potential mortuary capacity and understand the burden on crematoria and burial services. The model algorithms have been integrated into a web-based multi-institutional toolkit,
which can be used by NHS hospitals, local authorities, and public health departments in other regions of the UK and elsewhere |
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Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Internet latency: A large-scale study |
Candela, M, Luconi, et al |
Computer Networks |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
In this paper, we evaluate the impact on the Internet latency caused by the increased amount of human activities that
are carried out on-line. The study focuses on Italy, which experienced significant restrictions imposed by local authorities, but results about Spain, France, Germany, Sweden, and the whole of Europe are also included. The analysis of a large set of measurements
shows that the impact on the network can be significant, especially in terms of increased variability of latency. In Italy we observed that the standard deviation of the average additional delay – the additional time with respect to the minimum delay of the
paths in the region – during lockdown is ∼3−4 times as much
as the value before the pandemic. Similarly, in Italy, packet loss is ∼2−3
times as much as before the pandemic. The impact is not negligible also for the other countries and for the whole of Europe, but with different levels and distinct patterns. |
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Short-term inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 by hydrogen peroxide in persistent nasopharyngeal carriers |
Capetti, AF, Borgonovo, et al |
J Med Virol |
Transmission Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections
(IPAC/PCI) |
Asymptomatic and convalescent COVID-19 subjects may carry SARS-CoV-2 for months in their upper respiratory ways. Desiring
to permanently clean the mucosal surfaces we investigated chemical agents fit to rapidly degrade the virus. Among these, hydrogen peroxide, initially tested by two of us for tolerability, showed both good performance and acceptable side effects (burning sensation
for 15 - 20 seconds). we tested this procedure on eight persistent carriers of SARS-CoV-2, performing swabs before the procedure and after it until reappearance of the virus or until 14 days (the incubation period), keeping the surfaces clean with hypertonic
solution. Our patients had a median time from exposure or symptom onset of 111 days and three had relapsed after being declared 'cured' (two consecutive negative swabs after quarantine). One patient had a baseline negative swab and was excluded, two successfully
ended the 14 days' course, four suppressed viral elimination for 72 hours and one for 48 hours, all rebounding to weak positive (cycle thresholds above 24). Although temporarily effective, such measure may have some place in the control of viral shedding,
in order to protect the most fragile subjects. |
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Coronavirus discovery by metagenomic sequencing: a tool for pandemic preparedness |
Carbo, EC, Sidorov, et al |
Journal of Clinical Virology |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
The performance of a viral metagenomic protocol in a clinical setting for the identification of novel coronaviruses
was tested using clinical samples containing SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV, in combination with databases generated to contain only viruses of before the discovery dates of these coronaviruses, to mimic virus discovery. Classification of NGS reads using
Centrifuge and Genome Detective resulted in assignment of the reads to the closest relatives of the emerging coronaviruses. Low nucleotide and amino acid identity (81% and 84%, respectively, for SARS-CoV-2) in combination with up to 98% genome coverage were
indicative for a related, novel coronavirus. Capture probes targeting vertebrate viruses, designed in 2015, enhanced both sequencing depth and coverage of the SARS-CoV-2 genome, the latter increasing from 71% to 98%. |
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Cardoso, WB, Mendanha, et al |
Journal of Molecular Structure |
Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
We consider possible repurposed-drugs candidates against SARS-CoV-2. 10 different HIV protease inhibitors were investigated.
In silico simulations were used to study protease inhibitors for SARS-CoV-2. |
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Carsetti, A, Damiani, et al |
Microvascular research |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Our results showed an altered sublingual microcirculation in patients (n=9) receiving VV-ECMO for severe SARS-CoV-2
and suggest a potential contribution of endothelia dysfunction to determine microvascular alteration. |
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Cartenì, A, D'Acierno, et al |
Sustainability (Switzerland) |
Public Health Priorities| Priorités de santé publique |
the aim of this paper has been to propose an innovative methodology for designing public transport services based on
a rational decision-making process with stakeholder engagement, aiming to perform a sustainable development perspective. |
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A free web service for fast COVID-19 classification of chest X-Ray images |
Castro, JDB, R |
ArXiv |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection
d'agents pathogènes |
This work provides a fast detection system of COVID-19 characteristics in X-Ray images based on deep learning (DL)
techniques. This system is available as a free web deployed service for fast patient classification, alleviating the high demand for standards method for COVID-19 diagnosis. It is constituted of two deep learning models, one to differentiate between X-Ray
and non-X-Ray images based on Mobile-Net architecture, and another one to identify chest X-Ray images with characteristics of COVID-19 based on the DenseNet architecture. For real-time inference, it is provided a pair of dedicated GPUs, which reduce the computational
time. The whole system can filter out non-chest X-Ray images, and detect whether the X-Ray presents characteristics of COVID-19, highlighting the most sensitive regions. |
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Understanding User Experience of COVID-19 Maps through Remote Elicitation Interviews |
Çay, D, Nagel, et al |
ArXiv |
Public Health Priorities| Priorités de santé publique |
When evaluating visualizations aimed towards the general public with vastly different socio-demographic backgrounds
and varying levels of technical savviness and data literacy, it is important to understand user feedback beyond aspects such as speed, task accuracy, or usability problems. As a part of this wider evaluation perspective, micro-phenomenology has been used to
evaluate static and narrative visualizations to reveal the lived experience in a detailed way. Building upon these studies, we conducted a user study to understand how to employ Elicitation (aka Micro-phenomenological) interviews in remote settings. In a case
study, we investigated what experiences the participants had with map-based interactive visualizations. Our findings reveal positive and negative aspects of conducting Elicitation interviews remotely. Our results can inform the process of planning and executing
remote Elicitation interviews to evaluate interactive visualizations. In addition, we share recommendations regarding visualization techniques and interaction design about public health data. |
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Çayan, S, Uğuz, et al |
Aging Male |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Testosterone: prospective cohort study included 221 consecutive male patients (>18 years old) with COVID-19. Asymptomatic
patients (n: 46), symptomatic patients who were hospitalized in the internal medicine unit (IMU) (n: 129), and patients who were hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU) (n: 46). As serum total testosterone level at baseline decreases, probability (%)
to be in the ICU significantly increases (p = 0.001). As serum total testosterone level at baseline decreases, probability (%) of mortality significantly increases (p = 0.002). In the patients who had pre-COVID-19 serum gonadal hormones test (n: 24), serum
total testosterone level significantly decreased from pre-COVID-19 level of 458 ± 198 ng/dl to 315 ± 120 ng/ml at the time of COVID-19 in the patients (p = 0.003). |
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Cazzolla Gatti, R, Velichevskaya, et al |
Environmental Pollution |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
Here we examined the possible reasons why the new coronavirus differently impacted on Italian regional and provincial
populations. With the help of artificial intelligence, we studied the importance of air pollution for mortality and positivity rates of the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in Italy. We discovered that among several environmental, health, and socio-economic factors,
air pollution and fine particulate matter (PM2.5), as its main component, resulted as the most important predictors of SARS-CoV-2 effects |
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Çelebi, G, Pişkin, et al |
American Journal of Infection Control |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Transmission |
Of 703 HCWs screened between March 20 and May 20, 2020, 50 (7.1%) were found to be positive for SARS-CoV-2. Physicians,
nurses, cleaning personnel, and the other occupations were 6.3%, 8.0%, 9.1%, and 2.6%, respectively. The infection rate was 8.3% among HCWs who worked in COVID-19 units and 3.4% among those who did not. The presence of a SARS-CoV-2 positive person in the
household (P = .016), inappropriate use of personnel protective equipment while caring for patients with COVID-19 infection (P = .003), staying in the same personnel break room as an HCW without a medical mask for more than 15 minutes (P = .000), consuming
food within 1 m of an HCW (P = .003), and failure to keep a safe social distance from an HCW (P = .003) were statistically significant risk factors for infection. |
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Normal antibody response after COVID-19 during treatment with cladribine |
Celius, EG |
Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Cladribine is a highly effective, recently available treatment in multiple sclerosis. This case report describes a
patient with a mild COVID-19 infection during second year treatment with cladribine. Normal immune response with detectable antibodies to SARS-CoV2 three months after the infection. |
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Covid-19 and the search for the common good: The case of parmon spa (Italy) |
Centorrino, G |
Sustainability (Switzerland) |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
The Covid-19 pandemic marks an extraordinary global crisis unseen in this last century, with its rapid spread worldwide
and associated mortality burden, which is leading to profound economic consequences. In such an unprecedented scenario, most firms were not ready to deal with the resulting significant large-scale perturbations. Challenges for firms in the sector of the production
of essential medical devices were among the most urgent. This study aims to investigate the behavior of a medium-size Italian enterprise that during this crisis, by converting part of its production line to the production of masks, undertook a path characterized
by an ethics mindset, showing how its potentialities can also be used for the aim of common good. The case study is also presented to demonstrate that leadership ethical values and constant connection to the entrepreneurial ecosystem, maintaining a positive
culture therein, have contributed toward a common good choice. © 2020 by the author. |
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Chan, L, Chaudhary, et al |
J Am Soc Nephrol |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
retrospective, observational study involved a review of data from electronic health records of patients aged ≥18 years
with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 admitted to the Mount Sinai Health System from February 27 to May 30, 2020. Acute Kidney Injury occured in 1835/3993 hospitalized cases and 347 needed dialysis: stages 1, 2, or 3 AKI were 39%, 19%, and 42%, respectively.
Of the 435 patients with AKI and urine studies, 84% had proteinuria, 81% had hematuria, and 60% had leukocyturia. Independent predictors of severe AKI were CKD, men, and higher serum potassium at admission. In-hospital mortality was 50% among patients with
AKI versus 8% among those without AKI (aOR, 9.2; 95% confidence interval, 7.5 to 11.3). Of survivors with AKI who were discharged, 35% had not recovered to baseline kidney function by the time of discharge. An additional 28 of 77 (36%) patients who had not
recovered kidney function at discharge did so on posthospital follow-up. |
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Effect of an antiviral drug control in host COVID-19 kinetics |
CHATTERJEE, AN, MONDAL, et al |
Research Square prepub |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics|
Thérapeutique |
The article proposes and analyzes a system of differential equations modeling the interaction of the SARS-CoV-2 virus
and the epithelial cells of the human lungs. Optimal control strategies representing antiviral drug treatment effects of this model are explored here. The Pontryagin’s max-imum principle is used to clarify the optimal control strategies. The exis-tence of optimal
control is proved and effective strategies are illustrated. Numerical simulations, efficiency analysis, and cost-effectiveness analysis reveal that time-dependent antiviral drug with other control mechanisms, would reduce the viral load and control the infection
process at low cost. |
|
Chen, AT, Ge, et al |
Geriatric nursing |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
We performed a qualitative analysis of online discussion data generated by older adults with pre-frailty and frailty
while subject to a state stay-at-home order. We provided participants with prompts relating to the public health emergency, collected 60 posts, and analyzed them using a general inductive analytic method. We report on: (1) the impact of the pandemic on daily
life; (2) preparedness, perceptions, and behavior; (3) information and technology use; and (4) social impacts. Participants’ lives of changed in many ways, including the adoption of precautionary measures and altered daily routines. Participants experienced
negative emotional consequences including stress, worry, and anxiety. Information and technology use kept participants informed and connected. Participants reported varying degrees of preparedness. Our study findings provide insight into ways to support vulnerable
older adults in pandemic circumstances. |
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ACE2 Expression in the Cat and the Tiger Gastrointestinal Tracts |
Chiocchetti, R, Galiazzo, et al |
Frontiers in Veterinary Science |
Animal model | Modèle animal |
To the best of the Authors' knowledge, the present study is the first demonstration of ACE2 localization in the feline
(cat and tiger) GIT. A human-specific anti-ACE2 antibody was utilized, also considering that a recent biomolecular study demonstrated the homology of cat ACE2 with human ACE2 (12). The findings of the present research were partially consistent with those obtained
in the human GIT in which ACE2-IR has been observed in the cytoplasm of the epithelial cells, and the smooth cells of the blood vessels, the muscularis mucosae and the tunica muscularis (5, 7). In the current study ACE2-IR was undetectable in the GIT goblet
cells; this evidence is in contrast to what observed in the cat respiratory tract, in which the tracheo-bronchial goblet cells strongly expressed ACE2-IR (18) or in the human upper airway, in which nasal goblet cells express ACE2 gene, together with a number
of genes associated with immune functions (19). |
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A model assessing potential benefits of isolation and mass testing
on COVID-19: the case of Nigeria |
Chirove, Faraimunashe, Madubueze, et al |
medRxiv |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health
interventions*| Interventions de santé publique |
We consider a model with mass testing and isolation mimicking the current policies implemented in Nigeria and use the
Nigerian daily cumulative cases to calibrate the model to obtain the optimal mass testing and isolation levels. Results from simulations revealed that an increase in mass testing and reduction of transmission from isolated individuals are associated with
benefits of increasing detected cases, lowering peaks of symptomatic cases, increase in self-isolating cases, decrease in cumulative deaths and decrease in admissions into monitored isolation facilities in the case of Nigeria |
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Investigating the readiness of hospitals in Sistan and Baluchestan Province in Crisis of COVID-19 |
Chobdar, MK, Rahdar, et al |
Journal of Military Medicine |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
Iran cross-sectional study and the research population includes all hospitals in Sistan and Baluchestan province,
which includes 24 hospitals. The average score obtained out of 100 in the hospital readiness checklist for COVID-19; in the general information part was 36, the structure for planning and decision making was 53.3, development of a written COVID-19 plan was
40.9, elements of a COVID-19 plan was 46.7, facility communications were 15, consumables and durable medical equipment and supplies were 37.9, identification and management of ill patients were 54.2, visitor access and movement within the facility was 33.3,
occupational health was 30.7, education and training was 49 and healthcare services/surge capacity was 19.1. The average total hospital readiness score for COVID-19 was 40.12, which is classified as weak. |
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U. S audiences' perceptions of Covid-19 and conservative news frames |
Chock, TM, Kim, et al |
Partecipazione e Conflitto |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
During the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic, U.S. conservative news downplayed the threat of the virus. Perceived
risks of COVID-19 are an important factor in influencing citizens' willingness to comply with risk preven-tion measures. An online survey (N=269) of U.S. residents was conducted March 30-April 1, 2020. We found that those who used partisan conservative news
sources as their primary source of information about the virus were significantly less likely to view it as a threat, compared to those who cited Far Left, Center Left, and Center Right news sources. Polit-ically conservative Far Right news audiences reported
significantly lower estimates of their own COVID-19 risk, as well as that of their age group peers, the average person in the U.S., and the average senior citizen in the U.S. © 2020-University of Salento. |
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Cohn-Schwartz, E, Ayalon, et al |
J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
OBJECTIVES: To examine the factors associated with older adults' perceptions of ageism in society during the COVID-19
outbreak, in particular the portrayal of older people as a burden and as vulnerable. METHODS: Data are based on a nationally-representative survey of adults aged 50+ in Israel, conducted during the COVID-19 outbreak (N=888). Regression models predicted perceptions
of societal ageism. The independent variables were dying anxiety, experiences of age-based discriminations and social resources. RESULTS: Participants who believed older adults were perceived as a burden during the COVID-19 outbreak had higher dying anxiety
and reported more age-based discrimination. Living with children and contact with family were protective against perceptions of adults as a burden. Participants who believed older adults were perceived as vulnerable had higher dying anxiety and were less likely
to live with children. DISCUSSION: The daily lives of older adults can impact their perceptions of societal ageism during the COVID-19 outbreak. |
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|
Commodari, E, La Rosa, et al |
Public health |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the impact of psychological and sociodemographic variables on perceived personal
and comparative susceptibility to diseases caused by a novel, unknown virus. Study design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: A total of 438 adults (200 male and 238 female) were interviewed in the waiting rooms of three primary care medicine outpatient clinics.
The participants completed three validated questionnaires: the Italian Adjustment of Risk Perception of Infectious Diseases questionnaire, the General Self-Efficacy (GSE) scale, and the Italian Version of Personality Inventory (ITAPI). Results: Only 5% of
the respondents believed it likely that they would contract a disease caused by a novel virus in the following months, even though 5.9% considered this probability higher than that of other people of the same age and gender. Gender (P < .04), age (P = .002),
and marital status (P = .002) significantly affected the perceived risk of getting a disease caused by a novel virus. Self-efficacy (P < .001), imagination (P < .001), and empathy (P < .001) were significant predictors of perceived personal susceptibility.
Self-efficacy (P = .04) and imagination (P = .04) were predictive of perceived comparative susceptibility. Conclusions: Adequate psycho-educational interventions are necessary to empower the population in adopting the necessary prevention and containment measures
aimed at limiting the spread of novel diseases such as COVID-19 and avoiding disastrous consequences both at the health and economic level. © 2020 The Royal Society for Public Health |
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Oral manifestations in a patient with a history of asymptomatic COVID-19. Case Report |
Corchuelo, J, Ulloa, et al |
Int J Infect Dis |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Case report of a 40-year-old female with COVID-19 who presents with reddish plaques on the lower lip and the appearance
of dark brown pigmentation in the gum |
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The spread of COVID-19 virus through population density and wind in Turkey cities |
Coşkun, H, Yıldırım, et al |
Science of the Total Environment |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
In this research, climate values (temperature, humidity, number of sunny days, wind intensity) of 81 provinces in Turkey
were collected in March 2020. Also, the population, population density of the provinces, and average air pollution data were taken. The findings of the study showed that population density and wind were effective in spreading the virus and both factors explained
for 94% of the variance in virus spreading. Air temperature, humidity, the number of sunny days, and air pollution did not affect the number of cases. Besides, population density mediated the effect of wind speed (9%) on the number of COVID-19 cases. The finding
that COVID-19 virus, invisible in the air, spreads more in windy weather indicates that the virus in the air is one threatening factor for humans with the wind speed that increases air circulation. |
|
Cotter, A, Wallace, et al |
Trials |
RCT |
The aim of this study is to determine the safety and efficacy of standard dose versus low dose tocilizumab in adults
with severe, non-critical, PCR-confirmed COVID-19 infection with evidence of progressive decline in respiratory function and evolving systemic inflammation on time to intubation, non-invasive ventilation and/or all-cause mortality. This trial is a phase 2,
open label, two-stage, multicentre, randomised trial. The primary endpoint for this study is the time to a composite primary endpoint of progression to intubation and ventilation, non-invasive ventilation or death within 28 days post randomisation. |
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Coughenour, C, G |
Research Square prepub |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
This study examined whether there was a change in minutes of PA and depression scores after a stay-at-home order and
examined predictors of these changes. An online survey was sent to all undergraduate and graduate students attending a large, diverse university via an electronic newsletter. The survey requested information about demographic and academic data, cardiorespiratory
fitness, and depression symptoms. Students reported worse depression scores (p<0.01) and fewer minutes of PA (p=0.01) after the stay-at-home order. There was a small but significant (p=0.04) correlation between changes in total minutes of PA and depression
scores. |
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Cruz Tapia, RO, Peraza Labrador, et al |
Spec Care Dentist |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Case series of four patients with COVID-19 disease and confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) presented angina
bullosa hemorragica-like lesion, vascular disorder, and nonspecific stomatitis, one patient with histological analysis demonstrated perivascular reactive lymphocitic infliltrate, focal capillary thrombosis, and hemorrhage. |
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Shaking stability: COVID-19 impact on the Visegrad Group countries' financial markets |
Czech, K, Wielechowski, et al |
Sustainability (Switzerland) |
Economics | Économie |
The aim of this paper is to assess the short-term reaction of the Visegrad countries' financial markets to the COVID-19
pandemic. This study indicates that, as a consequence of COVID-19, higher probability has been attached to the large depreciation of the Czech koruna (CZK), the Hungarian forint (HUF), and the Polish zloty (PLN) than to their large appreciation. Moreover,
based on the TGARCH model, the positive and significant correlation between the number of reported COVID-19 cases and the exchange rates has been confirmed, implying that the ongoing pandemic has resulted in the depreciation of the Visegrad currencies. Additionally,
the result of the TGARCH model reveals that there is a significant and negative link between the Visegrad stock market indices and the COVID-19 spread. |
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Comparison of qualitative and quantitative analyses of COVID-19 clinical samples |
Dang, Y, Liu, et al |
Clinica Chimica Acta |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection
d'agents pathogènes |
Methods: A total of 117 samples from 30 patients with confirmed COVID-19 and 61 patients without COVID-19 were collected.
Reverse transcriptase quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) were used for qualitative and quantitative analyses of these samples to evaluate the diagnostic performance and applicability of the two methods. Results: The positive detection
rates of RT-qPCR and ddPCR were 93.3% and 100%, respectively. Among the 117 samples, 6 samples were tested single-gene positive by RT-qPCR but positive by ddPCR, and 3 samples were tested negative by RT-qPCR but positive by ddPCR. The viral load of samples
with inconsistent results were relatively low (3.1–20.5 copies/test). There were 17 samples (37%) with a viral load below 20 copies/test among the 46 positive samples, and only 9 of them were successfully detected by RT-qPCR. A severe patient was dynamically
monitored. All 6 samples from this patient were tested negative by RT-qPCR, but 4 samples were tested positive by ddPCR with a low viral load. |
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App-based symptom tracking to optimize SARS-CoV-2 testing strategy
using machine learning |
Dantas, LeilaF, Peres, et al |
medRxiv |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Public health interventions*|
Interventions de santé publique |
Hence, we aim to use the combination of symptoms to build a regression model as a screening tool to identify people
and areas with a higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection to be prioritized for testing. Materials and Methods: We applied machine learning techniques and provided a visualization of potential regions with high densities of COVID-19 as a risk map. We performed
a retrospective analysis of individuals registered in "Dados do Bem", an app-based symptom tracker in use in Brazil. Results: From April 28 to July 16, 2020, 337,435 individuals registered their symptoms through the app. Of these, 49,721 participants were
tested for SARS-CoV-2 infection, being 5,888 (11.8%) positive. Among self-reported symptoms, loss of smell (OR95%CI]: 4.6 4.4 - 4.9]), fever (2.6 2.5 - 2.8]), and shortness of breath (2.1 1.6-2.7]) were associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Our final model
obtained a competitive performance, with only 7% of false-negative users among the predicted as negatives (NPV = 0.93). From the 287,714 users still not tested, our model estimated that only 34.5% are potentially infected, thus reducing the need for extensive
testing of all registered users. The model was incorporated by the "Dados do Bem" app aiming to prioritize users for testing. We developed an external validation in the state of Goias and found that of the 465 users selected, 52% tested positive. |
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Promising effects of tocilizumab in COVID-19: A non-controlled, prospective clinical trial |
Dastan, F, Saffaei, et al |
International immunopharmacology |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
Background: The clinical presentation of SARS-CoV-2 infection ranges from mild symptoms to severe complications, including
acute respiratory distress syndrome. In this syndrome, inflammatory cytokines are released after activation of the inflammatory cascade, with the predominant role of interleukin (IL)-6. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of tocilizumab, as an
IL-6 antagonist, in patients with severe or critical SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: In this prospective clinical trial, 76 patients with severe or critical SARS-CoV-2 infection were evaluated for eligibility, and ultimately, 42 patients were included. Tocilizumab
was administered at a dose of 400 mg as a single dose via intravenous infusion. Primary outcomes included changes in oxygenation support, need for invasive mechanical ventilation, and death. Secondary outcomes included radiological changes in the lungs, IL-6
plasma levels, C-reactive protein levels, and adverse drug reactions. The data were analyzed using SPSS software. Results: Of the 42 included patients, 20 (48%) patients presented the severe infection stage and 22 (52%) were in the critical stage. The median
age of patients was 56 years, and the median IL-6 level was 28.55 pg/mL. After tocilizumab administration, only 6 patients (14%) required invasive ventilation. Additionally, 35 patients (83.33%) showed clinical improvement. By day 28, a total of 7 patients
died (6 patients in the critical stage and 1 patient in the severe stage). Neurological adverse effects were observed in 3 patients. Conclusions: Based on the current results, tocilizumab may be a promising agent for patients with severe or critical SARS-CoV-2
infection, if promptly initiated during the severe stage. © 2020 Elsevier B.V. |
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Davoudi-Monfared, E, Rahmani, et al |
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique RCT |
To the best of our knowledge, there is no published study on the use of interferon β-1a (IFN β-1a) in the treatment
of severe COVID-19. In this randomized clinical trial, the efficacy and safety of IFN β-1a were evaluated in patients with severe COVID-19. Forty-two patients in the interferon group received IFN β-1a in addition to the national protocol medications (hydroxychloroquine
plus lopinavir-ritonavir or atazanavir-ritonavir). Each 44-μg/ml (12 million IU/ml) dose of interferon β-1a was subcutaneously injected three times weekly for two consecutive weeks. The control group consisted of 39 patients who received only the national
protocol medications. The primary outcome of the study was time to reach clinical response. Secondary outcomes were duration of hospital stay, length of intensive care unit stay, 28-day mortality, effect of early or late administration of IFN on mortality,
adverse effects, and complications during the hospitalization. Between 29 February and 3 April 2020, 92 patients were recruited, and a total of 42 patients in the IFN group and 39 patients in the control group completed the study. As the primary outcome, time
to the clinical response was not significantly different between the IFN and the control groups (9.7 ± 5.8 versus 8.3 ± 4.9 days, respectively, P = 0.95). On day 14, 66.7% versus 43.6% of patients in the IFN group and the control group, respectively, were
discharged (odds ratio OR], 2.5; 95% confidence interval CI], 1.05 to 6.37). The 28-day overall mortality was significantly lower in the IFN than the control group (19% versus 43.6%, respectively, P = 0.015). Early administration significantly reduced mortality
(OR, 13.5; 95% CI, 1.5 to 118). Although IFN did not change the time to reach the clinical response, adding it to the national protocol significantly increased discharge rate on day 14 and decreased 28-day mortality. (This study is in the Iranian Registry
of Clinical Trials under identifier IRCT20100228003449N28.). Copyright © 2020 American Society for Microbiology. |
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Dawson, EricaD, Kuck, et al |
medRxiv |
Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes Immunology
| Immunologie |
The VaxArray Coronavirus (CoV) SeroAssay quantifies IgG antibody binding to 9 pandemic, potentially pandemic, and endemic
human CoV spike antigens in 2 hours with automated results analysis. IgG antibodies in serum bind to the CoV spike protein capture antigens printed in a microarray format and are labeled with a fluorescent anti-species IgG secondary label. The assay demonstrated
excellent lower limits of quantification ranging from 0.3 to 2.0 ng/mL and linear dynamic ranges of 76 to 911-fold. Average precision of 11% CV and accuracy (% recovery) of 92.5% over all capture antigens were achieved over 216 replicates representing 3 days
and 3 microarray lots. Clinical performance on 263 human serum samples (132 SARS-CoV-2 negatives and 131 positives based on donor-matched RT-PCR and/or date of collection) produced 98.5% PPA (sensitivity) and 100% NPA (specificity). |
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de Alwis, RuklanthiM, Gan, et al |
bioRxiv |
Vaccine Research| Recherche sur les vaccins Animal model | Modèle animal |
A self-transcribing and replicating RNA (STARR™) based vaccine (LUNAR®-COV19) has been developed to prevent SARS-CoV-2
infection. The vaccine encodes an alphavirus-based replicon and the SARS-CoV-2 full length spike glycoprotein. Translation of the replicon produces a replicase complex that amplifies and prolong SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein expression. A single prime vaccination
in mice led to robust antibody responses, with neutralizing antibody titers increasing up to day 60. Activation of cell mediated immunity produced a strong viral antigen specific CD8+ T lymphocyte response. Assaying for intracellular cytokine staining for
IFN-γ and IL-4 positive CD4+ T helper lymphocytes as well as anti-spike glycoprotein IgG2a/IgG1 ratios supported a strong Th1 dominant immune response. Finally, single LUNAR-COV19 vaccination at both 2 μg and 10 μg doses completely protected human ACE2 transgenic
mice from both mortality and even measurable infection following wild-type SARS-CoV-2 challenge. Our findings collectively suggest the potential of Lunar-COV19 as a single dose vaccine. |
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Social Determinants Associated with COVID-19 Mortality in the United
States |
Debopadhaya, Shayom, Sprague, et al |
medRxiv |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
This study examines social determinants associated with disparities in COVID-19 mortality rates in the United States.
Using county-level data, 42 negative binomial mixed models were used to evaluate the impact of social determinants on COVID-19 outcome. First, to identify proper controls, the effect of 24 high-risk factors on COVID-19 mortality rate was quantified. Then,
the high-risk terms found to be significant were controlled for in an association study between 41 social determinants and COVID-19 mortality rates. The results describe that ethnic minorities, immigrants, socioeconomic inequalities, and early exposure to
COVID-19 are associated with increased COVID-19 mortality, while the prevalence of asthma, suicide, and excessive drinking is associated with decreased mortality. |
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32781165; SARS-CoV-2-related mortality in a rural Latin American population |
Del Brutto, OH, Costa, et al |
International Journal of Infectious Diseases |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
A sudden increase in adult mortality associated with respiratory diseases was noticed in Atahualpa (a rural Ecuadorian
village), coinciding with the introduction of SARS-CoV-2 in the region. From a total of 1,852 individuals aged ≥18 years, 40 deaths occurred between January and June, 2020. In addition, a seroprevalence survey showed that 45% of the adult population have SARS-CoV-2
antibodies. Verbal autopsies revealed SARS-CoV-2 as the most likely cause of death in 29 cases. The mean age of suspected or confirmed SARS-CoV-2 cases was 76.9 ± 12.1 years, while that of those dying from unrelated causes was 60.3 ± 20.4 years (p = 0.003).
The overall mortality rate was 21.6 per 1,000 population (95% C.I.: 15.9 – 29.2), almost three-quarters of it due to SARS-CoV-2 (15.7 per 1,000; 95% C.I.: 11 – 22.4). This configures a 266% of excess mortality when compared to 5.9 per 1,000 (95% C.I.: 3.3
– 10.6) deaths from other causes. When SARS-CoV-2 mortality rate was calculated in individuals aged ≥60 years, it raised up to 68.9 per 1,000 (95% C.I.: 47.8 – 98.4). After peaking in April and May, mortality significantly decreased. It is possible that the
high proportion of infected individuals and the resulting herd immunity contributed to the observed reduction in mortality. © 2020 The Authors |
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Del Prete, E, Francesconi, et al |
J Neurol |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
BACKGROUND: If Parkinson's Disease (PD) may represent a risk factor for Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is debated
and there are few data on the direct and indirect effects of this pandemic in PD patients. OBJECTIVE: In the current study we evaluated the prevalence, mortality and case-fatality of COVID-19 in a PD cohort, also exploring possible risk factors. We also aimed
to investigate the effect of lockdown on motor/non-motor symptoms in PD patients as well as their acceptability/accessibility to telemedicine. METHOD: A case-controlled survey about COVID-19 and other clinical features in PD patients living in Tuscany was
conducted. In non-COVID-19 PD patients motor/non-motor symptoms subjective worsening during the lockdown as well as feasibility of telemedicine were explored. RESULTS: Out of 740 PD patients interviewed, 7 (0.9%) were affected by COVID-19, with 0.13% mortality
and 14% case-fatality. COVID-19 PD patients presented a higher presence of hypertension (p < 0.001) and diabetes (p = 0.049) compared to non-COVID-19. In non-COVID-19 PD population (n = 733) about 70% did not experience a subjective worsening of motor symptoms
or mood, anxiety or insomnia. In our population 75.2% of patients was favorable to use technology to perform scheduled visits, however facilities for telemedicine were available only for 51.2% of cases. CONCLUSION: A higher prevalence of COVID-19 respect to
prevalence in Tuscany and Italy was found in the PD population. Hypertension and diabetes, as for general population, were identified as risk factors for COVID-19 in PD. PD patients did not experience a subjective worsening of symptoms during lockdown period
and they were also favorable to telemedicine, albeit we reported a reduced availability to perform it. |
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Early Epidemiological Features of COVID-19 in Nepal and Public Health Response |
Dhakal, S, Karki, et al |
Frontiers in Medicine |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was first
reported in late 2019 from Wuhan, China. Considering COVID-19's alarming levels of spread and severity, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared a global pandemic on March 11, 2020. The first case of COVID-19 in Nepal was reported on January 23, 2020.
The Government of Nepal implemented different public health measures to contain COVID-19, including border closures and a countrywide lockdown. We collected the daily data provided by the Ministry of Health and Population (MoHP) of the Government of Nepal
and illustrated the early epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 in Nepal. By May 31, 2020, 1,572 cases and eight deaths were reported in Nepal associated with COVID-19. The estimate of prevalence for COVID-19 among tested populations was 2.25% (95% CI:
2.15–2.37%) and case-fatality rate was 0.5%. The majority of the cases were young males (n = 1,454, 92%), with overall average age being 30.5 years (ranging from 2 months to 81 years) and were mostly asymptomatic. There were only five cases from three districts
until the end of March, but cases surged from April and spread to 57 out of 77 districts of Nepal by the end of May 2020 despite the continuous lockdown. Most of these cases are from the southern plains of Nepal, bordering India. As the effect of COVID-19
is expected to persist longer, the Government of Nepal should make appropriate strategies for loosening lockdowns in a phase-wise manner while maintaining social distancing and personal hygiene and increasing its testing, tracking, and medical capacity. ©
Copyright © 2020 Dhakal and Karki. |
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Di Girolamo, P |
Research Square prepub |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
In this paper PM10 particle measurements are compared with epidemiologic parameters data. Specifically, a statistical
analysis is carried out to correlate the infection rate, or incidence of the pathology, the mortality rate and the case fatality rate with PM concentration levels. The study considers epidemiologic data for all 110 Italian Provinces, as reported by the Italian
Statistics Institute (ISTAT, 2020), over the period 20 February-31 March 2020. Corresponding PM10 concentration levels were collected from the network of air quality monitoring stations run by different Regional and Provincial Environment Agencies, covering
the period 15-26 February 2020. The case fatality rate is found to be highly correlated to the average PM10 concentration. Infection and mortality rates are also found to be correlated with PM10 concentration levels. |
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Using Seismic Noise Levels to Monitor Social Isolation: An Example From Rio de Janeiro, Brazil |
Dias, FL, Assumpção, et al |
Geophysical Research Letters |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
The possibility of using seismic noise as another proxy to estimate social isolation was tested with a station within
Rio de Janeiro city. We used the isolation index measured from smartphone movement to calibrate the seismic noise levels and estimated an Isolation Seismic Index, ISI (% of the population at home), using the seismic noise energy. Noise levels best correlate
with isolation measures in the frequency range 4–8 Hz. Small differences between the smartphone and the ISI indexes are interpreted as differences in social activities and noise sources. All mobility indexes are proxies to the actual isolation. Although ISI
does not measure the number of people outside, it measures the number of noise sources (vehicles, trains, factories, etc.) and can be used as additional information to interpret anomalies in other proxies. |
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Diorio, C, Anderson, et al |
Pediatr Blood Cancer |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
We treated four critically ill children actively infected with SARS‐CoV‐2 with CP at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia.
All patients were critically ill with COVID‐19‐associated acute respiratory distress syndrome. No patients experienced any treatment‐emergent adverse events (TEAE) related to CP infusion. CP may be of greatest benefit for patients who are early in their illness
and have not yet generated endogenous antibodies, and when the infused plasma has a high antibody titer. The patient who received CP with the highest antibody titer had the best clinical response, although the total antibody response mounted did not differ
markedly from the other patients. |
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|
Do, Duy, Sarker, et al |
medRxiv |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
This study aims to determine how HCW attendance has changed during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh.
Methods. This study analyzed daily fingerprint-verified attendance data from all 527 public-sector secondary and tertiary care facilities in Bangladesh to describe HCW attendance from January 26, 2019 to March 22, 2020, by cadre, hospital type, and geographic
division. Findings. On average between January 26, 2019 and March 22, 2020, 34.1% of doctors, 64.6% of nurses, and 70.6% of other healthcare staff were present for their scheduled shift. Attendance rate increased with time in 2019 among all cadres. The reduction
in attendance levels across all HCWs during the local-spread period was much greater at large hospitals, where the majority of COVID-19 testing and treatment took place, than that at small hospitals. |
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Quantifying the effect of remdesivir in rhesus macaques infected with SARS-CoV-2 |
Dobrovolny, HM |
Virology |
Therapeutics| Thérapeutique Animal model | Modèle animal |
The antiviral remdesivir has shown some effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro and in a recent animal study. We
use data from a study of remdesivir in rhesus macaques to fit a viral kinetics model in an effort to determine the most appropriate mathematical descripton of the effect of remdesivir. We find statistically significant differences in the viral decay rate and
use this to inform a possible mathematical formulation of the effect of remdesivir. Unfortunately, this model formulation suggests that the application of remdesivir will lengthen SARS-CoV-2 infections, putting into question its potential clinical benefit. |
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Đogaš, Z, Lušić Kalcina, et al |
Croat Med J |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
AIM: To investigate the effect of the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown on lifestyle behaviors and mood changes
in the Croatian general population. METHODS: During ten days of the COVID-19 lockdown in Croatia, 3027 respondents (70.3% female) from the general population completed an online, self-report questionnaire. Demographic data and data on lifestyle habits and
mood changes before and during the COVID-19 lockdown were collected. RESULTS: A total of 95.64% of respondents reported to follow most or all restrictions, with female sex (P<0.001) and higher education level (P<0.001) being associated with higher restriction
compliance. Women smoked an increased number of cigarettes (P<0.001). The proportion of respondents of both sexes who did not drink or drank 7 drinks per week or more increased (P<0.001). Women also reported lower frequency (P=0.001) and duration of physical
exercise (P<0.001). In total, 30.7% of respondents gained weight, with female sex (OR, 2.726) and higher BMI (OR, 1.116; both P<0.001) being associated with an increased likelihood of gaining weight. Both men and women felt more frequently afraid (P<0.001),
discouraged (P<0.001), and sad (P<0.001). CONCLUSION: Public health authorities should promote the adoption of healthy lifestyles in order to reduce long-term negative effects of the lockdown. |
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Dua, A, Thondapu, et al |
Journal of Vascular Surgery: Venous and Lymphatic Disorders |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
We aimed to provide COVID-19-specific protocol optimization recommendations limiting US technologist exposure while
optimizing patient selection. Methods: prospective study included all adult COVID-19-positive patients admitted between March 13, 2020, and April 16, 2020 (a 4-week period), on whom DVT vascular US studies were ordered through both the vascular laboratory
and radiology departments. Results: During the study period of 4 weeks, a total of 66 US requests in COVID-19-positive patients were received by the vascular laboratory. The protocol was implemented halfway through the study period so a comparison between
before and after the implementation of the algorithm could be performed. Implementation of the protocol decreased the DVT US volume by 72%; only 28% of the COVID-19-positive patients had an indication for DVT US that would change medical management based on
the guidelines implemented by the vascular laboratory. |
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Ekci, B |
Journal of International Medical Research |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
Objective: This study was performed to introduce an easy method of surgical smoke evacuation for patients with confirmed
or suspected COVID-19 undergoing emergency surgery. Methods: An easy, inexpensive, protective, and practical surgical smoke evacuation device/system was developed and is herein described. Results: The use of this surgical smoke evacuation device/system in
open surgery is convenient and effective. It allows for easy, economic, useful, and protective surgical smoke evacuation. Conclusions: COVID-19 infection causes direct mortality and morbidity, and its incidence has recently increased. Protection from electrosurgery-related
smoke is recommended particularly during the current pandemic. This surgical smoke evacuation device/system is easy to use and provides a convenient and effective method of smoke evacuation during both open surgery and all cauterization interventions. © The
Author(s) 2020. |
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Influence of COVID-19 pandemic on the psychological status of infertile couples |
Esposito, V, Rania, et al |
European Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Biology |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
Objective(s): to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on infertile couples’ emotions, anxiety and future plans.
Study design: An observational study was perfomed by Italian ART centers and online forums. In this study, infertile couples candidate to ART and whose treatment was blocked due to the COVID-19 lockdown were enrolled through an online survey. The psychological
impact of COVID-19 was measured by Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) and by a short form of the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI); Self-perceived anxiety related either to pregnancy safety and to economic crisis measured by VAS scale. Results:
627 patients completed the survey. The COVID-19 lock-down had a moderate/severe psychological impact on infertile patients. Women were more emotionally distressed, anxious and depressed than men. Notwithstanding the uncertainty about pregnancy safety, 64.6
% of respondents chose to maintain their reproductive programme. Economic crisis induced 11.5 % of the surveyed patients to give up their ART program. Respondents who had at least one relative affected by COVID-19 had a significantly higher IES-R score and
anxiety VAS, but not higher STAI scores, than patients belonging to unaffected families. Conclusion(s): COVID-19 pandemic itself and the recommendation to stop ART program generated higher distress levels in infertile couples. The psychological impact of COVID-19
pandemic in infertility patients should not be underestimated, and a specific psychological support should be planned. |
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Fatal stroke as presentation of SARS-CoV-2 and dengue virus coinfection |
Estofolete, CF, Machado, et al |
J Med Virol |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Case report of a 60 year old female with history of hypertension and obesity with COVID-19 and coinfection with dengue. |
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Faccini, M, Ferruzzi, et al |
Eur J Dent |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
OBJECTIVE: This survey aimed to assess the effects of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on elective and urgency/emergency
dental care and dentists concerned. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A web-based survey was performed using Google forms questionnaire sent to dentists in Brazil. Questions included: personal information, type of dental care provided during quarantine, if emergencies
increased, the dental office biosafety routine, among others. The levels of concern about the impact of quarantine on dental care and patient oral health conditions and the economic impact on dental practices were evaluated using a 0- to 10-point scale. RESULTS:
During quarantine, 64.6% of the dentists attended only urgency/emergency treatments, while 26.1% maintained routine appointments, and 9.3% closed the dental offices. A higher percentage of dentists from the least affected states continued routine dental treatment;
dentists were younger and presented a significantly lower level of concern about dental treatments and oral health conditions of their patients. An increase in urgency/emergency procedures was reported by 44.1% of the dentists, mostly due to the unavailability
of routine/elective dental care and increased patient anxiety and stress. The main causes of urgency/emergency appointments were toothache, dental trauma, and broken restorations, besides the breakage of orthodontic appliances and temporomandibular disorders.
Dentists reported a high level of concern about the economic impact caused by quarantine. |
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Fallahi, A, Mahdavifar, et al |
Journal of Military Medicine |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
Background and Aim: Prevention is the best way to break the transmission chain of COVID-19. The aim of this study was
to determine the knowledge, attitude and practice of people regarding home quarantine to prevent COVID-19 in Sabzevar city, Iran. Methods: In the present cross-sectional study in 2020, 836 people from Sabzevar participated. Data were collected by the virtual
questionnaire and released in social media by nonprobability methods (Convenience and Snowball). The study questionnaire was researcher-made. The questions included demographics, knowledge, attitude and practice. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire
were confirmed. Results: The variables of gender, attitude and job on practice, variables of gender, education, job and attitude on knowledge and variables of knowledge, age, gender and underlying disease on attitude toward home quarantine have a significant
impact (P.0.05). Conclusion: People's practice regarding home quarantine to prevent COVID-19 depends on a number of factors. Paying attention to the gender, attitude and occupation of individuals in policy making regarding home quarantine can improve the performance
of the public. |
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AmbuBox: A Fast-Deployable Low-Cost Ventilator for COVID-19 Emergent Care |
Fang, Z, Li, et al |
SLAS Technol |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
We present a low-cost clinically viable ventilator design, AmbuBox, using a controllable pneumatic enclosure and standard
manual resuscitators that are readily available (AmbuBag), which can be rapidly deployed during pandemic and mass-casualty events with a minimal set of components to manufacture and assemble. The AmbuBox is designed to address the existing challenges presented
in the existing low-cost ventilator designs by offering an easy-to-install and simple-to-operate apparatus while maintaining a long lifespan with high-precision flow control. As an outcome, a mass-producible prototype of the AmbuBox has been devised, characterized,
and validated in a bench test setup using a lung simulator. This prototype will be further investigated through clinical testing. Given the potentially urgent need for inexpensive and rapidly deployable ventilators globally, the overall design, operational
principle, and device characterization of the AmbuBox system have been described in detail with open access online. Moreover, the fabrication and assembly methods have been incorporated to enable short-term producibility by a generic local manufacturing facility.
In addition, a full list of all components used in the AmbuBox has been included to reflect its low-cost nature. |
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Farahani, AJ, Mohammedian, et al |
Journal of Military Medicine |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
Background and Aim: Experience is obtained as one of the most valuable human assets in different situations and conditions
and helps organizations to achieve their strategic goals. The present study was conducted at the Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences with aim of designing and compiling a comprehensive empirical program in confronting the COVID-19 crisis. Methods:
This applied research was conducted in qualitative and quantitative methods. The statistical population included 24 university experts, managers and executive experts at Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences in April and May 2020. All of these individuals
were involved in coping with Covid-19. By holding various meetings with the researchers, and obtaining the opinions of experts with the Delphi technique; the events of the crisis and their main axes in dealing with Covid-19 were counted. Results: Findings
show 5 areas and 25 main axes of the event (crisis with domestic, regional, international sensitivity and major damage); 18 events in the field of command and leadership, 15 events in research, 9 events in training, 22 events in healthcare, 6 events in support
in dealing with Covid-19. Healthcare is the most common (22) and spirituality is the lowest (2) frequency. Conclusion: Due to the Covid-19 crisis, healthcare is the most important axis (22 events) and it is necessary to record experience and document for using
in similar crises. This empiricism can be used as a basis for managers' planning to implement experience documentation in the organization. © 2020 Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved. |
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Characteristics of Newborns Born to SARS-CoV-2-Positive Mothers: A Retrospective Cohort Study |
Farghaly, MAA, Kupferman, et al |
Am J Perinatol |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
OBJECTIVE: The novel virus known as severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to a terrifying
pandemic. The range of illness severity among children is variable. This study aims to assess the characteristics of newborns born to SARS-CoV-2-positive women compared with those mothers who tested negative. STUDY DESIGN: This was a retrospective cohort
study performed at Brookdale Hospital Medical Center in New York City from March to May 2020. Electronic medical records of mother-baby dyads were reviewed. RESULTS: Seventy-nine mothers tested for SARS-CoV-2 were included, out of which 18.98% of mothers
tested SARS-CoV-2 positive. We found a significant association between symptoms and SARS-CoV-2 status. We observed a significant association between newborns of SARS-CoV-2 positive and SARS-CoV-2 negative mothers regarding skin-to-skin contact (p < 0.001).
Both groups showed significant differences regarding isolation (p < 0.001). Interestingly, regarding SARS-CoV-2 infection in newborns, only one newborn tested SARS-CoV-2 positive and was unstable in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). With the multivariable
logistic regression model, babies of SARS-CoV-2 positive mothers were three times as likely to have desaturations in comparison to newborns from negative mothers. Also, newborns of SARS-CoV-2-positive mothers were four times more likely to have poor feeding,
compared with newborns of SARS-CoV-2-negative mothers. Finally, babies of SARS-CoV-2-positive mothers were ten times more likely to be symptomatic at the 2-week follow-up. CONCLUSION: SARS-CoV-2 has caused major morbidity and mortality worldwide. Neonates
born to mothers with confirmed or suspected SARS-CoV-2 are most of the time asymptomatic. However, neonatal critical illness due to SARS-CoV-2 is still a possibility; thus, isolation precautions (such as avoiding skin-to-skin contact and direct breastfeeding)
and vertical transmission should be studied thoroughly. In addition, testing these newborns by nasopharyngeal swab at least at 24 hours after birth and monitoring them for the development of symptoms for 14 days after birth is needed. KEY POINTS: · For SARS-CoV-2-positive
mothers, reducing transmission of infection to newborns is crucial.. · Newborns of SARS-CoV-2-positive mothers are usually asymptomatic and may not be easily infected.. · Critical illness in the newborn may still happen, so monitoring is needed.. |
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Intravescical instillation of Calmette-Guérin bacillus and COVID-19 risk |
Fedeli, U, Porreca, et al |
Hum Vaccin Immunother |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Vaccine Research| Recherche sur les vaccins |
It has been theorized that Calmette-Guérin bacillus may prevent or reduce the severity of COVID-19 through a nonspecific
stimulation of the immune system. A preliminary assessment of SARS-CoV-2 infection rates and outcomes among 2803 individuals affected with high risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer and treated with intra-bladder instillation of BCG, showed no evidence of
a protective effect. However, the interpretation of these data need some caution, due to the low prevalence of infection (<1%) observed within this population, along with the fact that intra-bladder administration cannot mirror the usual intradermal administration
of BCG, in particular in patients partially immunocompromised. Confirmation by larger prospective studies is required. |
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Multi-route transmission potential of SARS-CoV-2 in healthcare facilities |
Feng, B, Xu, et al |
Journal of hazardous materials |
Transmission Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections
(IPAC/PCI) |
Understanding the transmission mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 is a prerequisite to effective control measures. To investigate
the potential modes of SARS-CoV-2 transmission, 21 COVID-19 patients from 12–47 days after symptom onset were recruited. We monitored the release of SARS-CoV-2 from the patients’ exhaled breath and systematically investigated environmental contamination of
air, public surfaces, personal necessities, and the drainage system. SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in 0 of 9 exhaled breath samples, 2 of 8 exhaled breath condensate samples, 1 of 12 bedside air samples, 4 of 132 samples from private surfaces, 0 of 70 samples
from frequently touched public surfaces in isolation rooms, and 7 of 23 feces-related air/surface/water samples. The maximum viral RNA concentrations were 1857 copies/m3 in the air, 38 copies/cm2 in sampled surfaces and 3092 copies/mL in sewage/wastewater
samples. Our results suggest that nosocomial transmission of SARS-CoV-2 can occur via multiple routes. However, the low detection frequency and limited quantity of viral RNA from the breath and environmental specimens may be related to the reduced viral load
of the COVID-19 patients on later days after symptom onset. These findings suggest that the transmission dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 differ from those of SARS-CoV in healthcare settings. © 2020 Elsevier B.V. |
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Ferguson, J, Volk, et al |
J Clin Pharmacol |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
The pathophysiology of respiratory failure associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
remains under investigation. One hypothesis is that progressive endothelial damage from the virus leads to microvascular thrombosis. It is uncertain if empiric therapeutic anticoagulation provides benefit over standard deep vein thrombosis (DVT) prophylaxis
in critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2. A retrospective cohort study was performed to evaluate adult patients admitted to the intensive care unit at three hospitals with PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 associated respiratory failure requiring invasive mechanical
ventilation. A Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to compare patients who were initiated on therapeutic anticoagulation prior to the time of intubation, and those receiving standard DVT prophylaxis doses. The primary outcome was the difference in the
28-day mortality of patients between the two groups. 28-day mortality was not different between groups, occurring in 26.1% in patients who received therapeutic anticoagulation and 29.5% in those who received a prophylaxis dose only (hazard ratio 0.52, p =
0.055). There was no difference in 28-day mortality between groups in patients who were admitted with a serum D-dimer greater than or equal to 2 mcg/mL (hazard ratio 0.67, p = 0.41). Empiric therapeutic anticoagulation in patients who require invasive mechanical
ventilation for confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection does not improve 28-day mortality when compared to standard DVT prophylaxis, even among those with elevated D-dimer levels. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. |
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Modulation of endothelial organelle size as an antithrombotic strategy |
Ferraro, F, Patella, et al |
J Thromb Haemost |
Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
BACKGROUND: It is long-established that Von Willebrand Factor (VWF) is central to haemostasis and thrombosis. Endothelial
VWF is stored in cell-specific secretory granules, Weibel-Palade bodies (WPBs), organelles generated in a wide range of lengths (0.5 to 5.0 μm). WPB size responds to physiological cues and pharmacological treatment, and VWF secretion from shortened WPBs dramatically
reduces platelet and plasma VWF adhesion to an endothelial surface. OBJECTIVE: We hypothesised that WPB-shortening represented a novel target for antithrombotic therapy. Our objective was to determine whether compounds exhibiting this activity do exist. METHODS:
Using a microscopy approach coupled to automated image analysis, we measured the size of WPB bodies in primary human endothelial cells treated with licensed compounds for 24 h. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: A novel approach to identification of antithrombotic compounds
generated a significant number of candidates with the ability to shorten WPBs. In vitro assays of two selected compounds confirm that they inhibit the pro-haemostatic activity of secreted VWF. This set of compounds acting at a very early stage of the haemostatic
process could well prove to be a useful adjunct to current antithrombotic therapeutics. Further, in the current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, with a considerable fraction of critically ill COVID-19 patients affected by hypercoagulability, these WPB size-reducing drugs
might also provide welcome therapeutic leads for frontline clinicians and researchers. |
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Ferreira, RJ, Buttell, et al |
Sustainability (Switzerland) |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
COVID-19 is a pandemic event not seen in a century. This research aims to determine important predictors of resilience
towards the COVID 19/Coronavirus Pandemic. This study uses a cross-sectional design, with purposive snowball sampling, for primary survey data collected over 10 weeks starting the first week in April 2020. Participants completed a self-administered questionnaire
on demographics and behavioral factors. Resilience was assessed using the 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale and perceived stress was assessed using the 10-item Perceived Stress Scale. 374 adults participated in the survey. OLS regression was performed
to determine key associations among demographic variables, resilience measures, and perceived stress brought on by COVID-19. Age and education were statistically significantly positively associated with resilience, while English as a second language was significantly
negatively associated. Participants who reported needing help from family and neighbors, total number of days in lockdown, and higher perceived stress were all significantly negatively associated with resilience. This study adds to immediate predictors of
individual resilience to the ongoing infectious disease catastrophe created by the COVID-19 pandemic. © 2020 by the authors. |
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Findeisen, Peter, Stiegler, et al |
medRxiv |
Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes |
Currently available rapid antibody tests lack the accuracy needed for recommendation by health authorities. To fill
this gap, we analyzed and validated the clinical performance of a new point-of-care SARS-CoV-2 Rapid Antibody Assay, a chromatographic immunoassay for qualitative detection of IgM/IgG antibodies for use in near-patient settings. Analysis was performed using
42 Anti-SARS-Cov-2 positive (CoV+) and 92 Anti-SARS-Covid-2 negative (CoV-) leftover samples from before December 2019, using the Elecsys® Anti-SARS-CoV-2 as the reference assay. Analytical specificity was tested using leftover samples from individuals with
symptoms of common cold collected before December 2019. The SARS-CoV-2 Rapid Antibody Test was 100.0% (95% CI 91.59-100.00) sensitive and 96.74% (95% CI 90.77-99.32) specific with an assay failure rate of 0.00%. No cross-reactivity was observed against the
common cold panel. Method comparison was additionally conducted by two external laboratories, using 100 CoV+/275 CoV- samples, also comparing whole blood versus plasma matrix. The comparison demonstrated for plasma 96.00% positive/96.36% negative percent agreement
with the Elecsys Anti-SARS-CoV-2 and overall 99.20% percent agreement between whole blood and EDTA plasma. The SARS-CoV-2 Rapid Antibody Test demonstrated similar clinical performance to the manufacturer's data and to a centralized automated immunoassay, with
no cross-reactivity to common cold panels |
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PMC7362839; SARS-CoV-2 Virions or Ubiquitous Cell Structures? Actual Dilemma in COVID-19 Era |
Frelih, M, Erman, et al |
Kidney Int Rep |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
Herein, to detect direct invasion of SARS-CoV-2 in the kidney, we performed RT-PCR on fresh postmortem lung and kidney
specimens of 4 patients with COVID-19. In all 4 patients, viral RNA was confirmed in all lung samples, but was negative in all kidney samples. However, ultrastructural examination revealed intracellular vesicular structures of similar size and morphology in
lung with proven viral RNA and in kidney with no viral RNA |
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Fresán, U, Guevara, et al |
Obesity (Silver Spring) |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
OBJECTIVES: To analyze the association between morbid obesity and COVID-19 hospitalization and severe disease. METHODS:
We evaluated the incidence of hospitalization for laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 in a prospective population-based cohort of 433,995 persons aged 25-79 years in Spain during March and April 2020. Persons with and without morbid obesity were compared using Poisson
regression to estimate the adjusted relative risk (aRR) of morbid obesity for COVID-19 hospitalization and for severe disease (intensive care unit admission or death). Differences in the effect by age, sex and chronic conditions were evaluated. RESULTS: Individuals
with morbid obesity had higher risk of hospitalization (aRR=2.20; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.66-2.93) and severe COVID-19 (aRR=2.30; 95%CI 1.20-4.40). In people younger than 50 years, these effects were more pronounced (aRR=5.02, 95%CI 3.19-7.90; and aRR=13.80,
95%CI 3.11-61.17, respectively), while no significant effects were observed in those aged 65-79 years (aRR=1.22, 95%CI 0.70-2.12; and aRR=1.42, 95%CI 0.52-3.88, respectively). Sex and chronic conditions did not modify the effect of morbid in any of the outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS: Morbid obesity is a relevant risk factor for COVID-19 hospitalization and severity in young adults, of a similar magnitude as aging. Tackling current obesity pandemic could alleviate impact of chronic and infectious diseases. |
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Gao, J, Hu, et al |
International Journal of Infectious Diseases |
Transmission Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Whether severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) affects the fetus in utero is important to the
well-being of the mother and neonate. We report the case of a full-term neonate born to a mother who developed symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) at 32 weeks of gestation. The placental pathology showed slight local inflammation. Serial quantitative
antibody measurements in the neonate showed elevated levels of IgM on the day of birth and a gradual decline to negative levels within 28 days of life; the levels of IgG declined gradually, but IgG was still positive on day 50 of life. The sequential dynamic
changes in antibody levels in the neonate were consistent with those in his mother. One-step reverse transcriptase droplet digital PCR testing for SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid in throat and anal swabs showed positive results (750 and 892 copies/ml) on day 7 of
life and negative results on day 14 of life. The neonate had no symptoms of COVID-19. This report enables us to re-evaluate the significance of IgM detection in intrauterine SARS-CoV-2 infection and presents a favorable prognosis for the neonate with long-term
exposure to maternal COVID-19, despite a high possibility of intrauterine infection. © 2020 The Authors |
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Complicated appendicitis are common during the epidemic period of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) |
Gao, Z, Li, et al |
Asian Journal of Surgery |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
Objectives: To assess the prevalence of complicated appendicitis (including gangrene, abscess and perforation) after
the outbreak of the 2019-nCoV epidemic and to identify the risk factors associated with complicated appendicitis. Methods: Two groups were established in the study consisting of: one group for cases of acute appendicitis before the 2019-nCoV epidemic (before
January 1, 2020; pre-epidemic group) and another group for those after the epidemic outbreak (after January 1, 2020; epidemic group). These two groups were compared in terms of demographic and clinical characteristics, prevalence of complicated appendicitis,
and treatment intention. A multivariate analysis model using binary logistic regression was constructed. Results: A total of 163 patients were included in this study, with 105 in the pre-epidemic group and 58 in the epidemic group. In the epidemic group, the
interval from the onset of symptoms to admission was 65.0 h, which is significantly longer than the 17.3 h interval noted in the pre-epidemic group (P < 0.001). The prevalence of complicated appendicitis after the epidemic outbreak was significantly higher
than before the outbreak (51.7% vs. 12.4%, P < 0.001). In addition, the epidemic group had a lower score of patient's intention to seek treatment than the pre-epidemic group (9.5 ± 2.7 vs. 3.4 ± 2.6, P < 0.001). Based on the multivariate analysis, the risk
factors for complicated appendicitis included the time from symptoms onset to admission (OR = 1.075) and the patients’ intention to receive treatment (OR = 0.541). Conclusion: Complicated appendicitis was more common in patients with acute appendicitis after
the outbreak of the 2019-nCoV epidemic. © 2020 |
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Novice nurse's transitioning to emergency nurse during COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative study |
García-Martín, M, Roman, et al |
J Nurs Manag |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
The objective of this study was to explore the experiences and perceptions of recent nursing graduates working in Emergency
Departments during the COVID-19 outbreak. |
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Vaccination for some childhood diseases may impact the outcome
of covid-19 infections |
Gobe, Irene, Koto, et al |
medRxiv |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique |
Authors analysed three databases: UNICEF Immunization Coverage, Worldometer Corona Virus Updates and World Bank List
of Economies to establish the association, if any, between vaccination for various diseases and COVID-19 death rates and recoveries across world economies. The analysis corroborates the potential benefit of vaccination and warrant further research to explore
the rationale for repurposing other vaccines to fight COVID-19 |
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Gogia, B, Fang, et al |
Cureus |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Authors report a case of a 75-year-old COVID-19 patient with life-threatening intracranial hemorrhage. |
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Angiotensin-converting enzymes (ACE, ACE2) gene variants and COVID-19 outcome |
Gómez, J, Albaiceta, et al |
Gene |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Authors studied 204 COVID-19 patients (137 non-severe and 67 severe-ICU cases) and 536 age-matched controls to investigate
angiotensin system in the pathogenesis of COVID-19. In conclusion, an adverse outcome of COVID-19 was associated with male gender, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and the ACE1 genotype. The work suggested that the ACE1-I/D might influence COVID-19 severity,
but the effect was dependent on the hypertensive status. |
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Cutaneous Lesions and COVID-19: Cystic Painful Lesion in a Case with Positive SARS-CoV-2 |
Goudarzi, S, Dehghani Firouzabadi, et al |
Dermatol Ther |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
In this letter the authors report a case of a COVID-19 patient with painful cutaneous lesions on posterior auricular
for the first time in the ear, which is included in the classification review studies. |
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Maximizing and evaluating the impact of test-trace-isolate programs |
Grantz, KyraH, Lee, et al |
medRxiv |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health
interventions*| Interventions de santé publique |
We present a mathematical modeling framework to evaluate the expected reductions in the reproductive number, R, from
test-trace-isolate programs. Effective test-trace-isolate programs first need to be strong in the "test" component, as case detection underlies all other program activities. Even moderately effective test-trace-isolate programs are an important tool for controlling
the COVID-19 pandemic, and can alleviate the need for more restrictive social distancing measures. |
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Greco, F, Altieri, et al |
Clinical Genitourinary Cancer |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
The aim of this study was to investigate the health-related quality of life of uro-oncologic patients whose surgery
was postponed without being rescheduled during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. |
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Gutiérrez Chacón, Eduardo, Moral-Benito, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique |
This paper uses municipal-level information to quantify the short-term effects of temporary shutdown measure both on
employment and on containing the pandemic. |
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Hailu, W, D |
Research Square prepub |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
This study aims to determine the compliance, associated factors, barriers, and facilitators to social distancing measures
for the prevention of COVID-19 in Northwest Ethiopia. A telephone interview based cross-sectional survey triangulated by a qualitative study was conducted from April 20 to May 20, 2020. Out of 401 study participants, 55.36 %( 95% CI 50.43, 60.18) had poor
compliance to social distancing measures. The mean age of the participants was 36.4 years with SD ±11.76. Majority of participants (63.84%) went to crowded places without putting face mask. Of the participants, 60.6% and 76.31% had good knowledge on COVID-19
transmission and prevention, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed only age (AOR= 1.02, 95% CI: 1.00–1.04) was significantly associated with social distancing measures. |
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Hall, EW, Luisi, et al |
J Med Internet Res |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
The aim of this study was to assess the willingness of adults to use different specimen collection modalities for themselves
and children as part of a COVID-19 research study. Between March 27 and April 1, 2020, we recruited 1435 adults aged 18 years or older though social media advertisements. Most participants were willing to participate in a COVID-19 research study that involves
laboratory testing; however, there was a strong preference for home specimen collection procedures over drive-through or clinic-based testing. |
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Hâncean, MG, Perc, et al |
Royal Society Open Science |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Transmission |
Authors describe the early spread of COVID-19 and the first human-to-human transmission networks, in Romania. We observed
an average of 4.8 days (s.d. = 4.0) between the arrival to a Romanian county and COVID-19 confirmation. Furthermore, among the first 147 COVID-19 patients, 88 were imported cases (64 carriers from Italy), 54 were domestic cases, while for five cases the source
of infection was unknown. The early human-to-human transmission networks illustrated a limited geographical dispersion, the presence of super-spreaders and the risk of COVID-19 nosocomial infections. COVID-19 occurred in Romania through case importation from
Italy. The largest share of the Romanian diaspora is concentrated especially in the northern parts of Italy, heavily affected by COVID-19. |
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Hang, Z, Jia-Qi, et al |
Academic Journal of Second Military Medical University |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
The objective of this study was to explore the diagnosis and treatment process and experience of emergency interventional
ultrasound in our hospital under the COVID-19 epidemic situation, so as to provide reference for the safe and effective implementation of interventional ultrasound during the epidemic. Interventional ultrasound is minimally invasive, convenient and efficient,
making it suitable for the emergency treatment during the COVID-19 epidemic. |
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Examination of Isolation Rate in SIQR model for COVID-19 Epidemic |
Hashiguchi, Koichi |
medRxiv |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health
interventions*| Interventions de santé publique |
In order to dynamically analyze the process of COVID-19 epidemic in seven countries by means of regression analyses
of λ, increasing rate of cumulative isolated persons(cases), IRCC, is proposed as practical index for the isolation rate q. The dynamic locus of q-x relation is analyzed for each of seven countries including Japan and the United States using formulated isolation
rate q, and characteristic q-x behavior for each country is derived. |
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Impact of COVID-19 outbreak on sleep quality of medical staff in Wuhan |
He, Y, Wang, et al |
Medical Journal of Wuhan University |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
The objective of this study was to investigate the sleep quality of medical staff in response to the outbreak of coronavirus
disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei. |
|
He, Y, Xie, et al |
Med Sci Monit |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
This study investigated the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with severe COVID-19 and chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease (COPD). |
|
|
Henry, BM, Benoit, et al |
Semin Thromb Hemost |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Given the potential for plasminogen to significantly contribute to COVID-19 pathophysiology, authors report measurement
of circulating plasminogen in patients with this pandemic infectious disease. Authors observed that patients with COVID-19 present to the ED with normal levels of plasminogen, but those progressing to severe disease demonstrate mildly lower values suggestive
of consumption for fibrinolysis activation. |
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Effects of control measures on the dynamics of COVID-19 and double-peak behavior in Spain |
Huang, J, Qi, et al |
Nonlinear Dynamics |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health
interventions*| Interventions de santé publique |
In this paper, the dynamic evolution of COVID-19 in Spain is studied, and a comprehensive SEIR model is adopted to
fit the obtained clinical progressive data of COVID-19 in Spain. The risk of the easing of the control measure is investigated. The double-peak dynamic behavior of the COVID-19 system is observed. The second wave rebound shows that the daily confirmed cases
of the second peak even much higher than the first peak. |
|
Hur, KH, Park, et al |
Frontiers in Medicine |
Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes |
This study evaluated the analytical and clinical performance of four SARS-CoV-2 rRT-PCR kits have been approved by
the emergency-use-authorization (EUA) without clinical validation in Korea. |
|
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Modelling the impact of travel restrictions on COVID-19 cases in
Newfoundland and Labrador |
Hurford, Amy, Rahman, et al |
medRxiv |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health
interventions*| Interventions de santé publique |
On May 4th, 2020, Newfoundland and Labrador (NL) implemented travel restrictions such that non-residents were required
to have exemptions to enter the province. |
|
Husby, Anders, Pottegaard, et al |
medRxiv |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
Authors estimated the 30-day hazard ratio of intensive care unit (ICU) admission or death among users of inhaled corticosteroids
(ICS) compared with users of non-ICS inhalers (β2-agonist/muscarinic-antagonists), or non-users of ICS, with Cox regression adjusted for age, sex, and other confounders in Denmark. Results do not support an effect of inhaled corticosteroid use on COVID-19
morbidity, however we can only rule out moderate-to-large reduced or increased risks. |
|
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Ilonzo, N, Rao, et al |
J Vasc Surg |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
This study highlights the unique management of patients with acute arterial and venous thrombotic events and discusses
the role of anticoagulation in patients diagnosed with COVID-19. |
|
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Ingraham, NicholasE, Purcell, et al |
medRxiv |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
The objective of this study was to measure socioeconomic factors and primary language effects on the risk of COVID-19
severity across and within racial/ethnic groups. |
|
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When to rule out COVID-19: How many negative RT-PCR tests are needed? |
Isikbay, M, Henry, et al |
Respiratory Medicine Case Reports |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, clinicians have been plagued with dilemmas related to the uncertainty about diagnostic
testing for the virus. It has become commonplace for a patient under investigation (PUI) to repeatedly test negative but have imaging findings that are consistent with COVID-19. This raises the question of when the treating team should entertain alternative
diagnoses. We present such a case to help provide a framework for how to weigh repeatedly negative test results in clinical decision making when there is ongoing concern for COVID-19. © 2020 The Author(s) |
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Role of upfront CT pulmonary angiography at admission in COVID-19 patients |
Jalaber, C, Revel, et al |
Thrombosis research |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of acute pulmonary embolism (PE) when systematically performing
CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA) as first-line imaging modality in patients with COVID-19 suspicion. This study does not provide clear evidence that there is a benefit to routinely perform CTPA as first-line imaging modality in patients suspected of COVID-19
pneumonia. |
|
Biphasic Variation Over Time in Presenting Features of Patients With COVID-19 |
Jamal, N, Whittier, et al |
Pediatrics |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Authors conducted a retrospective chart review of children presenting to the New York-Presbyterian Morgan Stanley Children’s
Hospital Pediatric Emergency Department who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. These data demonstrate a biphasic nature of disease presentation in a high prevalence SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in susceptible children. |
|
Jia, F, Liu, et al |
J Public Health (Oxf) |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
Authors collected WeChat Index data and analyzed the public's concern about the course of COVID-19 and the restoration
of emotional tendency through keywords search. |
|
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Real-time monitoring of COVID-19 dynamics using automated trend
fitting and anomaly detection |
Jombart, Thibaut, Ghozzi, et al |
medRxiv |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
Authors introduce ASMODEE (Automatic Selection of Models and Outlier Detection for Epidemics), a new tool for detecting
sudden changes in COVID-19 incidence. |
|
Joseph, A, Zafrani, et al |
Ann Intensive Care |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
In this study, authors sought to describe the prevalence, risk factors and prognostic impact of AKI in this setting.
In conclusion, they did not find any association between complement activation or inflammatory markers and AKI. |
|
|
Jung, CY, Park, et al |
International Journal of Infectious Diseases |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Objectives: To delineate clinical characteristics of asymptomatic and symptomatic patients confirmed with COVID-19
in South Korea. Methods: Data were obtained from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database linked to the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention data. Results: Among 10,237 patients (mean SD] age, 45.0 19.8] years; 60.1% female) who met
the eligibility criteria for the study, 6,350 (62.0%) patients were asymptomatic, and 3,887(38.0%) patients were symptomatic. The mean and median age were similar between asymptomatic and symptomatic patients. Notably, we observed a U-shaped association between
age group and the proportion of asymptomatic patients, with the nadir at 57.3% in the 40-49 age group. This U-shaped distribution was largely similar between men and women. The overall prevalence of asymptomatic individuals was higher, regardless of sex, residential
area, income levels, and comorbid conditions. Conclusions: In this national cohort of over 10,000 patients with COVID-19, more than 60% of all cases in South Korea reported no symptoms at the time of diagnosis. Expanding criteria for contact tracing and testing
to capture potential transmission before symptom onset should be urgently considered to inform control strategies for COVID-19. © 2020 The Author(s) |
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Mild encephalopathy with reversible splenium lesion (MERS) in a patient with COVID-19 |
Kakadia, B, Ahmed, et al |
Journal of Clinical Neuroscience |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Neurological complications of coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) are common, and novel manifestations are increasingly being
recognized. Mild encephalopathy with reversible splenium lesion (MERS) is a syndrome that has been associated with viral infections, but not previously with COVID-19. In this report, we describe the case of a 69 year-old man who presented with fever and encephalopathy
in the setting of a diffusion-restricting splenium lesion, initially mimicking an ischemic stroke. A comprehensive infectious workup revealed positive severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibodies, and a pro-inflammatory laboratory
profile characteristic of COVID-19 infection. His symptoms resolved and the brain MRI findings completely normalized on repeat imaging, consistent with MERS. This case suggests that MERS may manifest as an autoimmune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and should
be considered in a patient with evidence of recent COVID-19 infection and the characteristic MERS clinico-radiological syndrome. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd |
|
Kapoor, Atul, Mahajan, et al |
medRxiv |
Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes |
Objectives: Comparison of three different Artificial intelligence (AI) methods of assessment for patients undergoing
Computed tomography (CT) for suspected Covid-19 disease. Parameters studied were probability of diagnosis, quantification of disease severity and the time to reach the diagnosis . Methods: 107 consecutive patients of suspected Covid-19 patients were evaluated
using the three AI methods labeled as AI-I,II, III alongwith visual analysis labeled as VT for predicting probability of Covid-19, determining CT severity score (CTSS) and index (CTSI) , percentage opacification (PO) and high opacification (POHO). Sensitivity,
specificity along with area under curves were estimated for each method and the CTSS and CTSI correlated using Friedman test. Results: Out of 107 patients 71 patients were Covid-19 positive and 20 negative by RT-PCR while 16 did not get RT-PCR done. AI-III
method showed higher sensitivity and specificity of 93% and 88% respectively to predict probability of Covid 19. It had 2 false positive patients of interstitial lung disease. AI-II method had sensitivity and specificity of 66% and 83% respectively while visual
(VT) analysis showed sensitivity and specificity of 59.7% and 62% respectively. Statistically significant differences were also seen in CTSI and PO estimation between AI-I and III methods (p<0.0001) with AI-III showing fastest time to calculate results. Conclusions:
AI-III method gave better results to make an accurate and quick diagnosis of the Covid-19 with AUC of 0.85 to predict probability of Covid-19 alongwith quantification of Covid-19 lesions in the form of PO, POHO as compared to other AI methods and also by visual
analysis.Competing Interest StatementThe authors have declared no competing interest.Clinical Protocolshttp://www.advanceddiagnostics.inFunding StatementnoneAuthor DeclarationsI confirm all relevant ethical guidelines have been followed, and any necessary
IRB and/or ethics committee approvals have been obtained.YesThe details of the IRB/oversight body that provided approval or exemption for the research described are given below:institutional ethic review boardAll necessary patient/participant consent has been
obtained and the appropriate institutional forms have been archived.YesI understand that all clinical trials and any other prospective interventional studies must be registered with an ICMJE-approved registry, such as ClinicalTrials.gov. I confirm that any
such study reported in the manuscript has been registered and the trial registration ID is provided (note: if posting a prospective study registered retrospectively, please provide a statement in the trial ID field explaining why the study was not registered
in advance).Yes I have followed all appropriate research reporting guidelines and uploaded the relevant EQUATOR Network research reporting checklist(s) and other pertinent material as supplementary files, if applicable.Yesinstitutional data serverhttps://www.advanceddiagnostics.in |
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Current Challenges of Digital Health Interventions in Pakistan: Mixed Methods Analysis |
Kazi, AM, Qazi, et al |
J Med Internet Res |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
BACKGROUND: Digital health is well-positioned in low and middle-income countries (LMICs) to revolutionize health care
due, in part, to increasing mobile phone access and internet connectivity. This paper evaluates the underlying factors that can potentially facilitate or hinder the progress of digital health in Pakistan. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to identify
the current digital health projects and studies being carried out in Pakistan, as well as the key stakeholders involved in these initiatives. We aim to follow a mixed-methods strategy and to evaluate these projects and studies through a strengths, weaknesses,
opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis to identify the internal and external factors that can potentially facilitate or hinder the progress of digital health in Pakistan. METHODS: This study aims to evaluate digital health projects carried out in the last
5 years in Pakistan with mixed methods. The qualitative and quantitative data obtained from field surveys were categorized according to the World Health Organization's (WHO) recommended building blocks for health systems research, and the data were analyzed
using a SWOT analysis strategy. RESULTS: Of the digital health projects carried out in the last 5 years in Pakistan, 51 are studied. Of these projects, 46% (23/51) used technology for conducting research, 30% (15/51) used technology for implementation, and
12% (6/51) used technology for app development. The health domains targeted were general health (23/51, 46%), immunization (13/51, 26%), and diagnostics (5/51, 10%). Smartphones and devices were used in 55% (28/51) of the interventions, and 59% (30/51) of
projects included plans for scaling up. Artificial intelligence (AI) or machine learning (ML) was used in 31% (16/51) of projects, and 74% (38/51) of interventions were being evaluated. The barriers faced by developers during the implementation phase included
the populations' inability to use the technology or mobile phones in 21% (11/51) of projects, costs in 16% (8/51) of projects, and privacy concerns in 12% (6/51) of projects. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that while digital health has a promising future in Pakistan,
it is still in its infancy at the time of this study. However, due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, there is an increase in demand for digital health and implementation of health outcomes following global social distancing protocols, especially
in LMICs. Hence, there is a need for active involvement by public and private organizations to regulate, mobilize, and expand the digital health sector for the improvement of health care systems in countries. |
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Ischemic stroke leading to bilateral vision loss in COVID-19 patient- A rare case report |
Khan, AW, Ullah, et al |
J Med Virol |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Here, we present the cerebrovascular complication in patients with COVID-19 infection leading to bilateral loss of
vision. |
|
Khan, MI, Khan, et al |
PLoS One |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
A novel severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) causing COVID-19 pandemic in humans, recently
emerged and has exported in more than 200 countries as a result of rapid spread. In this study, we have made an attempt to investigate the SARS-CoV-2 genome reported from 13 different countries, identification of mutations in major coronavirus proteins of
these different SARS-CoV-2 genomes and compared with SARS-CoV. These thirteen complete genome sequences of SARS-CoV-2 showed high identity (>99%) to each other, while they shared 82% identity with SARS-CoV. Here, we performed a very systematic mutational analysis
of SARS-CoV-2 genomes from different geographical locations, which enabled us to identify numerous unique features of this viral genome. This includes several important country-specific unique mutations in the major proteins of SARS-CoV-2 namely, replicase
polyprotein, spike glycoprotein, envelope protein and nucleocapsid protein. Indian strain showed mutation in spike glycoprotein at R408I and in replicase polyprotein at I671T, P2144S and A2798V,. While the spike protein of Spain & South Korea carried F797C
and S221W mutation, respectively. Likewise, several important country specific mutations were analyzed. The effect of mutations of these major proteins were also investigated using various in silico approaches. Main protease (Mpro), the therapeutic target
protein of SARS with maximum reported inhibitors, was thoroughly investigated and the effect of mutation on the binding affinity and structural dynamics of Mpro was studied. It was found that the R60C mutation in Mpro affects the protein dynamics, thereby,
affecting the binding of inhibitor within its active site. The implications of mutation on structural characteristics were determined. The information provided in this manuscript holds great potential in further scientific research towards the design of potential
vaccine candidates/small molecular inhibitor against COVID19. |
|
|
Khan, RJ, Jha, et al |
J Biomol Struct Dyn |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
The current study utilises an in silico based drug repurposing approach to identify potential anti-viral drug candidates
targeting non-structural protein 15 (NSP15), i.e. a uridylate specific endoribonuclease of SARS-CoV-2 which plays an indispensable role in RNA processing and viral immune evasion from the host immune system. The NSP15 protein was screened against an in-house
library of 123 antiviral drugs obtained from the DrugBank database from which three promising drug candidates were identified based on their estimated binding affinities (ΔG), estimated inhibition constants (Ki), the orientation of drug molecules in the active
site and the key interacting residues of NSP15. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were performed for the screened drug candidates in complex with NSP15 as well as the apo form of NSP15 to mimic their physiological states. Based on the stable MD simulation
trajectories, the binding free energies of the screened NSP15-drug complexes were calculated using the MM/PBSA approach. Two candidate drugs, Simeprevir and Paritaprevir, achieved the lowest binding free energies for NSP15, with a value of -259.522 ± 17.579
and -154.051 ± 33.628 kJ/mol, respectively. In addition, their complexes with NSP15 also exhibited the strongest structural stabilities. Taken together, we propose that Simeprevir and Paritaprevir are promising drug candidates to inhibit NSP15 and may act
as potential therapeutic agents against SARS-CoV-2. |
|
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Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage in a patient with asymptomatic 2019 novel coronavirus disease |
Kim, C, Kwak, et al |
Journal of Clinical Neurology (Korea) |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Case report on COVID-19 management process of acute stroke, based on a 53-year-old woman visited our emergency department
with sudden left hemiparesis . |
|
Kim, EJ, Choi, et al |
Yonsei Med J |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
We retrospectively reviewed patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections who
were admitted to an intensive care unit in Daegu, South Korea. The outcomes of patients who did (cases) or did not (controls) receive darunavir-cobicistat (800-150 mg) therapy were compared. Fourteen patients received darunavir-cobicistat treatment, and 96
received other antiviral therapy (controls). Overall, the darunavir-cobicistat group comprised patients with milder illness, and the crude mortality rate of all patients in the darunavir-cobicistat group was lower than that in the controls odds ratio (OR)
0.20, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.04-0.89, p=0.035]. After 1:2 propensity-score matching, there were 14 patients in the darunavir-cobicistat group, and 28 patients in the controls. In propensity score-matched analysis, the darunavir-cobicistat group had
lower mortality than the controls (OR 0.07, 95% CI 0.01-0.52, p=0.009). In conclusion, darunavir-cobicistat therapy was found to be associated with a significant survival benefit in critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. |
|
|
Kim, HH, Laurence, et al |
J Public Health (Oxf) |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
BACKGROUND: The present study examines the impact of coronavirus-related restrictions on mental health among American
adults, and how this relationship varies as a function of time and two measures of vulnerability (preexisting physical symptoms and job insecurity). METHODS: We draw on data from two waves of Corona Impact Survey, which were fielded in late April and early
of May 2020. Multilevel models were used to analyze the hierarchically nested data. RESULTS: Experiencing coronavirus disease-2019 restrictions significantly raise mental distress. This association is stronger for individuals with preexisting health conditions
and those who worry about job prospects. These findings hold with the inclusion of region-wave covariates (number of deaths, wave dummy and aggregate measure of restrictions). Finally, there is a cross-level interaction: the restriction-distress connection
is more pronounced in the second wave of data. CONCLUSIONS: Our research indicates that people who are more physically and/or financially vulnerable suffer more from the imposed restrictions, i.e. 'social isolation'. The mental health impact of coronavirus
pandemic is not constant but conditional on the level of vulnerability. |
|
|
Klang, E, Kassim, et al |
Obesity (Silver Spring) |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
OBJECTIVE: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues to spread, and younger patients are also being critically
affected. This study analyzed obesity as an independent risk factor for mortality in hospitalized patients younger than 50. METHODS: This study retrospectively analyzed data of patients with COVID-19 who were hospitalized to a large academic hospital system
in New York City between March 1, 2020, and May 17, 2020. Data included demographics, comorbidities, BMI, and smoking status. Obesity groups included the following: BMI of 30 to < 40 kg/m(2) and BMI ≥ 40 kg/m(2) . Multivariable logistic regression models identified
variables independently associated with mortality in patients younger and older than 50. RESULTS: Overall, 3,406 patients were included; 572 (17.0%) patients were younger than 50. In the younger age group, 60 (10.5%) patients died. In the older age group,
1,076 (38.0%) patients died. For the younger population, BMI ≥ 40 was independently associated with mortality (adjusted odds ratio 5.1; 95% CI: 2.3-11.1). For the older population, BMI ≥ 40 was also independently associated with mortality to a lesser extent
(adjusted odds ratio 1.6; 95% CI: 1.2-2.3). CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that hospitalized patients younger than 50 with severe obesity are more likely to die of COVID-19. This is particularly relevant in the Western world, where obesity rates are
high. |
|
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PMC7187850; Postmortem Lung Findings in a Patient With Asthma and Coronavirus Disease 2019 |
Konopka, KE, Wilson, et al |
Chest |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Asthma is increasingly recognized as an underlying risk factor for severe respiratory disease in patients with coronavirus
disease 2019 (COVID-19), particularly in the United States. Here, we report the postmortem lung findings from a 37-year-old man with asthma, who met the clinical criteria for severe acute respiratory distress syndrome and died of COVID-19 less than 2 weeks
after presentation to the hospital. His lungs showed mucus plugging and other histologic changes attributable to asthma, as well as early diffuse alveolar damage and a fibrinous pneumonia. The presence of diffuse alveolar damage is similar to descriptions
of autopsy lung findings from patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus, and the absence of a neutrophil-rich acute bronchopneumonia differs from the histologic changes typical of influenza.
The relative contribution of mucus plugging to his hypoxemia is unknown. |
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Cytokine Levels in Critically Ill Patients With COVID-19 and Other Conditions |
Kox, M, Waalders, et al |
Jama |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Immunology | Immunologie |
We compared cytokine levels in critically ill patients with COVID-19 vs levels in patients with other critical illnesses.
In this study, critically ill patients with COVID-19 |
|
Ku, Min-Wen, Bourgine, et al |
bioRxiv |
Vaccine Research| Recherche sur les vaccins Animal model | Modèle animal |
To develop a vaccine candidate against COVID-19, we generated a Lentiviral Vector (LV), eliciting neutralizing antibodies
against the Spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2. Systemic vaccination by this vector in mice, in which the expression of the SARS-CoV-2 receptor hACE2 has been induced by transduction of respiratory tract cells by an adenoviral vector, conferred only partial
protection, despite an intense serum neutralizing activity. However, targeting the immune response to the respiratory tract through an intranasal boost with this LV resulted in > 3 log10 decrease in the lung viral loads and avoided local inflammation. Moreover,
both integrative and non-integrative LV platforms displayed a strong vaccine efficacy and inhibited lung deleterious injury in golden hamsters, which are naturally permissive to SARS-CoV-2 replication and restitute the human COVID-19 physiopathology. Our results
provide evidence of marked prophylactic effects of the LV-based vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 and designate the intranasal immunization as a powerful approach against COVID-19.Competing Interest StatementPierre Charneau is the founder and CSO of TheraVectys.
Other authors declare no competing interests. |
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Experience of Hospital Admission and Surgery During the COVID-19 Pandemic: a Survey of IBD Patients |
Lan, N, Zhi, et al |
J Gastrointest Surg |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the experience of surgery in IBD patients during the COVID pandemic.
METHODS: A survey was distributed among patients undergoing IBD-related surgeries from January 2020 to March 2020 via an online platform. The response was submitted anonymously. RESULTS: A total of 78 patients responded to the survey. COVID-19 testing was
conducted in 60 (76.9%) patients, and they were all tested negative. Emergent surgery was performed in 12 (15.4%) patients and postponed surgery in 18 (23.1%) patients. The surgical indications were mainly bowel obstruction (N = 21, 26.9%) and perianal abscess
(N = 18, 23.1%). Postoperative complications were noted in 5.1% of cases, but no re-operation was required. Due to the ongoing COVID pandemic, 58 (74.4%) patients reported various levels of concern and anxiety for surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Common surgical indications
were for bowel obstruction and perianal abscess. Surgery can be postponed, but disease progression should be monitored closely and surgically intervened as needed. Most patients expressed anxiety resulting from the pandemic. The overall experience was satisfactory. |
|
Lan, QQ, Zeng, et al |
Zhonghua yan ke za zhi] Chinese journal of ophthalmology |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Objective: To screen for novel coronavirus related conjunctivitis among patients with coronavirus disease 2019. Methods:
Prospective series case study. Eighty-one patients diagnosed as coronavirus disease 2019 in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region People's Hospital were enrolled with ophthalmological consultation and screening for novel coronavirus related conjunctivitis, including
the inquiring of eye symptoms and checking for conjunctivitis-related signs. Novel coronavirus nucleic acid testing of conjunctival swabs was performed on patients with clinical manifestations of conjunctivitis. Results: Only 3 of the 81 patients (3.70%) complained
of eye discomfort, which appeared on day 16.67±9.29 after the diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019. The eye signs were not typical of viral conjunctivitis. Novel coronavirus nucleic acid tests of conjunctival swabs were negative in both eyes. There was no
evidence to support the diagnosis of novel coronavirus related conjunctivitis. The remaining 78 patients showed no clinical symptoms or signs of conjunctivitis. Conclusions: The occurrence of novel coronavirus related conjunctivitis may be low in patients
with coronavirus disease 2019. |
|
|
Larsen, JR, Martin, et al |
Frontiers in Public Health |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins
de santé |
Here, we hypothesize the order of symptom occurrence could help patients and medical professionals more quickly distinguish
COVID-19 from other respiratory diseases, yet such essential information is largely unavailable. To this end, we apply a Markov Process to a graded partially ordered set based on clinical observations of COVID-19 cases to ascertain the most likely order of
discernible symptoms (i.e., fever, cough, nausea/vomiting, and diarrhea) in COVID-19 patients. We then compared the progression of these symptoms in COVID-19 to other respiratory diseases, such as influenza, SARS, and MERS, to observe if the diseases present
differently. Our model predicts that influenza initiates with cough, whereas COVID-19 like other coronavirus-related diseases initiates with fever. However, COVID-19 differs from SARS and MERS in the order of gastrointestinal symptoms. Our results support
the notion that fever should be used to screen for entry into facilities as regions begin to reopen after the outbreak of Spring 2020. |
|
|
Phylo-geo-network and haplogroup analysis of 611 novel Coronavirus
(nCov-2019) genomes from India |
Laskar, Rezwanuzzaman, Ali, et al |
bioRxiv |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
In the present study we constructed the phylo-geo-network of nCOV-2019 genomes from across India to understand the
viral evolution in the country. A total of 611 genomes full length genomes were extracted from different states of India from the EpiCov repository of GISAID initiative and NCBI. Their alignment uncovered 270 parsimony informative sites. Further, 339 genomes
were divided into 51 haplogroups. The network revealed the core haplogroup as that of reference sequence NC_045512.2 (Haplogroup A1) with 157 identical sequences present across 16 states. The rest were having not more than ten identical sequences across not
more than three locations. Interestingly, some locations with fewer samples have more haplogroups and most haplogroups (41) are localized exclusively to any one state only, suggesting the local evolution of viruses. The two most common lineages are B6 and
B1 (Pangolin) whereas clade A2a (Covidex) appears to be the most predominant in India. However, since the pandemic is still emerging, the final outcome will be clear later only. |
|
Exploring the initial impact of COVID-19 sentiment on US stock market using big data |
Lee, HS |
Sustainability (Switzerland) |
Economics | Économie |
This study explores the initial impact of COVID-19 sentiment on US stock market using big data. Using the Daily News
Sentiment Index (DNSI) and Google Trends data on coronavirus-related searches, this study investigates the correlation between COVID-19 sentiment and 11 select sector indices of the Unites States (US) stock market over the period from 21st of January 2020
to 20th of May 2020. While extensive research on sentiment analysis for predicting stock market movement use tweeter data, not much has used DNSI or Google Trends data. In addition, this study examines whether changes in DNSI predict US industry returns differently
by estimating the time series regression model with excess returns of industry as the dependent variable. The excess returns are obtained from the Fama-French three factor model. The results of this study offer a comprehensive view of the initial impact of
COVID-19 sentiment on the US stock market by industry and furthermore suggests the strategic investment planning considering the time lag perspectives by visualizing changes in the correlation level by time lag differences. © 2020 by the authors. |
|
Lee, RWK, L |
Research Square prepub |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
The aims of the study are to understand the attitude and perceptions of non-infected pregnant women towards the COVID-19
outbreak in Singapore. An online cross-sectional survey of COVID-19 awareness among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in Singapore was conducted. A total of 167 survey responses were obtained over eight weeks from April to June 2020. The majority
of women were aged ≤35 years (76%, n=127), were of Chinese ethnicity (55%, n=91), attained tertiary education (62%, n=104) and were not working as frontline staff (70%). Using multiple linear regression models, Malay ethnicity (vs. Chinese, β 0.24; 95% CI
0.04, 0.44) was associated with higher frequency of practicing social distancing. Malay women (β 0.48; 95% CI 0.16, 0.80) and those who worked as frontline staff (β 0.28; 95% CI 0.01, 0.56) sanitized their hands at higher frequencies. Age of ≥36 years (vs.
≤30 years, β 0.24; 95% CI 0.01, 0.46), Malay (vs. Chinese, β 0.27; 95% CI 0.06, 0.48) and Indian ethnicity (vs. Chinese, β 0.41; 95% CI 0.02, 0.80), and attendance at high-risk clinic (vs. general clinic, β 0.20; 95% CI 0.01, 0.39) were associated with higher
frequency of staying-at-home. |
|
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COVID-19-activated SREBP2 disturbs cholesterol biosynthesis and leads to cytokine storm |
Lee, W, Ahn, et al |
Signal Transduct Target Ther |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Sterol regulatory element binding protein-2 (SREBP-2) is activated by cytokines or pathogen, such as virus or bacteria,
but its association with diminished cholesterol levels in COVID-19 patients is unknown. Here, we evaluated SREBP-2 activation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of COVID-19 patients and verified the function of SREBP-2 in COVID-19. Intriguingly, we report
the first observation of SREBP-2 C-terminal fragment in COVID-19 patients' blood and propose SREBP-2 C-terminal fragment as an indicator for determining severity. We confirmed that SREBP-2-induced cholesterol biosynthesis was suppressed by Sestrin-1 and PCSK9
expression, while the SREBP-2-induced inflammatory responses was upregulated in COVID-19 ICU patients. Using an infectious disease mouse model, inhibitors of SREBP-2 and NF-κB suppressed cytokine storms caused by viral infection and prevented pulmonary damages.
These results collectively suggest that SREBP-2 can serve as an indicator for severity diagnosis and therapeutic target for preventing cytokine storm and lung damage in severe COVID-19 patients. |
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Li, Q, Wang, et al |
Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
Based on the “steric-clashes alleviating receptor (SCAR)” strategy developed in our lab recently, we screened the library
of clinic and investigational drugs, and identified nine drugs that might be repurposed as covalent inhibitors of the priming proteases (cathepsin B, cathepsin L, and TMPRSS2) of the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2. Among these hits, five are known covalent inhibitors,
and one is an anti-virus drug. Therefore, we hope our work would provide rational and timely help for developing anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs. |
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Clinical features of coronavrius disease 2019 with leukocytosis |
Li, R, Nie, et al |
Medical Journal of Wuhan University |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Objective: To analyze the clinical features of coronavrius disease 2019 (COVID-19) with leukocytosis, and to explore
the relationship between serum inflammatory parameters and severity of the disease. Methods: COVID-19 patients with increased white blood cells (WBC) in the Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University from January 31, 2020 to February 14, 2020 were selected as the
research objects to collect the clinical data, such as general conditions, clinical symptoms, and blood tests. Patients were divided into three groups according to the relevant diagnostic criteria: normal type (9 cases), severe type (62 cases), and critical
type (39 cases). Furthermore, the patients were divided into two groups according to whether the WBC counts were increased for the first time or not. The levels of inflammation-related markers in each group were detected, and the relationship between the levels
of inflammation-related markers and clinical types of diseases was analyzed and compared. Results: There were 110 cases of COVID-19 patients with leukocytosis, most of them were male patients or severe and critically elderly patients, and moreover, the mortality
rate was high in critical cases. In the severe type and critical type patients, the levels of WBC, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and CRP were higher than in the normal type patients (P<0.05), while the proportion of lymphocyte was lower (P<0.05). In the critical
type patients, the LDH, the proportion of neutrocyte, and CRP levels were higher than in the severe type (P<0.05). The proportion of lymphocyte of critical type was lower than that of the normal type (P<0.05). And no significant difference was found in procalcitonin
(PCT) levels between different type groups. When comparing between the first-time leukocytosis and non-first-time leukocytosis in COVID-19 patients, we found that the patients in the first-time leukocytosis group, the age, basic diseases, proportion of critical
mass, mortality, the expression of LDH, neutrophil ratio, CRP and PCT were significantly higher than those in non-first-time leukocytosis group (P<0.05), while the proportion of lymphocyte was lower (P<0.05). Conclusion: COVID-19 patients with increased white
blood cells were more severe. In the cases of leukocytosis was found at COVID-19 on-set, severe and critical types are common, and the mortality rate was high. COVID-19 patients with increased white blood cells were often complicated with bacterial infection,
which has certain guiding significance for clinical treatment. © 2020, Editorial Board of Medical Journal of Wuhan University. All right reserved. |
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Li, T, Sun, et al |
Clin Transl Sci |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique RCT |
This open-label randomized controlled pilot study aimed to test the study feasibility of bromhexine hydrochloride (BRH)
tablets for the treatment of mild or moderate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and to explore its clinical efficacy and safety.Patients with mild or moderate COVID-19 were randomly divided into the BRH group or the Control group at a 2:1 ratio. Routine
treatment according to China's Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia Diagnosis and Treatment Plan was performed in both groups, while patients in the BRH group were additionally given oral BRH (32 mg tid) for 14 consecutive days. The efficacy and safety of BRH were
evaluated.A total of 18 patients with moderate COVID-19 were randomized into the BRH group (n = 12) or the Control group (n = 6).There were suggestions of BRH advantage over placebo in improved chest computed tomography (CT), need for oxygen therapy, and discharge
rate within 20 days. However, none of these findings were statistically significant.BRH tablets may potentially have a beneficial effect in COVID-19 patients, especially for those with lung or hepatic injury. A further definitive large-scale clinical trial
is feasible and necessary. |
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COVID-19 in Guangdong: Immediate Perceptions and Psychological Impact on 304,167 College Students |
Li, X, Lv, et al |
Frontiers in Psychology |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
The aim of this study was to assess the immediate perceptions of COVID-19 among college students in Guangdong Province,
China, and to assess the psychological impact of the outbreak. We conducted a cross-sectional survey of college students via online questionnaires between February 13th and February 22nd, 2020. A total of 304,167 students completed the Impact of Event Scale
6 (IES-6) and other items. The results showed that 155,077 (50.9%) of the students reported stress symptoms, 1,565 (0.5%) reported poor mental health, and 9,752 (3.2%) reported poor sleep quality. Analysis indicated that the students’ perceptions of COVID-19
were correlated with psychological stress, self-perceived mental health and sleep quality. Moreover, the analysis revealed that the relationship between types of perception and levels of stress symptoms varied according to the students’ demographic characteristics. |
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Li, Yang, Lai, et al |
medRxiv |
Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes |
Serological test plays an essential role in monitoring and combating COVID-19 pandemic. Recombinant spike protein (S
protein), especially S1 protein is one of the major reagents for serological tests. However, the high cost in production of S protein, and the possible cross-reactivity with other human coronaviruses poses unneglectable challenges. Taking advantage of a peptide
microarray of full spike protein coverage, we analyzed 2,434 sera from 858 COVID-19 patients, sera from 63 asymptomatic patients and 610 controls collected from multiple clinical centers. Based on the results of the peptide microarray, we identified several
S protein derived 12-mer peptides that have high diagnosis performance. Particularly, for monitoring IgG response, one peptide (aa 1148-1159 or S2-78) has a comparable sensitivity (95.5%, 95% CI 93.7-96.9%) and specificity (96.7%, 95% CI 94.8-98.0%) to that
of S1 protein for detection of both COVID-19 patients and asymptomatic infections. Furthermore, the performance of S2-78 IgG for diagnosis was successfully validated by ELISA with an independent sample cohort. By combining S2-78/ S1 with other peptides, a
two-step strategy was proposed to ensure both the sensitivity and specificity of S protein based serological assay. The peptide/s identified in this study could be applied independently or in combination with S1 protein for accurate, affordable, and accessible
COVID-19 diagnosis. |
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US Dermatology Resident Responses about the COVID-19 Pandemic: Results from a Nationwide Survey |
Li, YM, Galimberti, et al |
South Med J |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
OBJECTIVES: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has drastically changed resident training in the United
States. Here, we explore the early perceived effects of COVID-19 on dermatology residents through an electronic sample survey and identify possible areas for targeted improvement in lieu of a possible second wave of COVID-19 cases. METHODS: On April 3, 2020,
a survey of link with 25 questions was sent to dermatology program coordinators to be disseminated among dermatology residents in the United States. The survey was closed on April 13, 2020. All of the questions were optional and no personal identifiers were
collected. RESULTS: A total of 140 dermatology residents from 50 different residency programs across 26 states responded to the survey. The majority of respondents (85%) reported negative effects of COVID-19 on their overall wellness. Despite the majority
of residents (92%) speculating that COVID-19 will have negative long-term effects on the US economy, only 33% agreed or strongly agreed that it will affect their job prospects. Teledermatology was widely implemented following the declaration of a national
emergency (96% of represented residencies compared with only 30% before the pandemic), with heavy resident involvement. The majority of residents (99%) reported having virtual didactics and that they found them to be beneficial. Most residents were uncomfortable
with the prospect of being reassigned to a nondermatology specialty during the pandemic. In addition, 22% of residents believed that their leadership were not transparent and prompt in addressing changes relating to COVID-19. CONCLUSIONS: Dermatology residents
were affected negatively by COVID-19 in regard to their well-being, clinical training, and education. Several areas of improvement were identified that could improve our preparedness for a second wave of the virus. |
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32771638; Quarantine measures for coronavirus disease 2019 on a cruise ship, Taiwan, February
2020 |
Lin, YC, Chen, et al |
International Journal of Infectious Diseases |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique |
To early detect coronavirus disease 2019 on an international cruise ship and prevent its spread, Taiwan's Central Epidemic
Command Center implemented on-board quarantine measures on a cruise ship docked at the Port of Keelung, Taiwan, on February 8, 2020. Quarantine officers, medical professionals, and administrative staff from competent authorities conducted fever screening and
investigated the present illness and travel history of 1738 passengers and 776 crew members on the ship. Throat swabs were collected from 128 (5.1%) passengers and crew members with fever or respiratory symptoms during the past 14 days or travel history to
China, Hong Kong, or Macao within 30 days. All swabs tested negative for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 at the national reference laboratory. The whole process, from on-board preparation to the completion of testing, took 9 h. All passengers
and crew were permitted to disembark and were required to take 14-day self-health management measures. No cases were reported by the end of the self-health management period. © 2020 The Author(s) |
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Liotti, FM, Menchinelli, et al |
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis |
Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes |
The increasing COVID-19 widespread has created the necessity to assess the diagnostic accuracy of newly introduced
(RT-PCR based) assays for SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection in respiratory tract samples. We compared the results of the Allplex™ 2019-nCoV assay with those of the Simplexa™ COVID-19 Direct assay and the Quanty COVID-19 assay, respectively, all performed on 125 nasal/oropharyngeal
swab samples of patients with COVID-19 suspicion. Fifty-four samples were positive, and 71 were negative with the Allplex™ assay, whereas 47 of 54 samples were also positive with the Simplexa™ assay. The Quanty assay detected 55 positive samples, including
the 54 positive samples with the Allplex™ assay and 1 sample that was Allplex™ negative but Simplexa™ positive. Using a consensus result criterion as the reference standard allowed to resolve the eight samples with discordant results (one Allplex™ negative
and seven Simplexa™ negative) as truly false negative. Interestingly, a Spearman's negative association was found between the viral RNA loads quantified by the Quanty assay and the C(T) values of RT PCRs performed with either the Allplex™ assay or the Simplexa™
assay. However, the strength of this association was higher for the Allplex™ assay (N gene, ρ = - 0.92; RdRP gene, ρ = - 0.91) than for the Simplexa™ assay (ORF1ab gene, ρ = - 0.65; S gene, ρ = - 0.80). The Allplex™ 2019-nCoV, the Simplexa™ COVID-19 Direct,
and the Quanty COVID-19 assays yielded comparable results. However, the role these assays might play in future clinical practice warrants larger comparison studies. |
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Liu, Di, Yang, et al |
medRxiv |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused a large global pandemic. Patients with COVID-19 exhibited
considerable variation in disease behavior. Pervious genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified potential genetic factors involved in the risk and prognosis of COVID-19, but the underlying biological interpretation remains largely unclear. Methods:
We applied the summary data-based Mendelian randomization (SMR) method to identify genes that were pleiotropically/potentially causally associated with the risk and various outcomes of COVID-19, including severe respiratory confirmed COVID-19 and hospitalized
COVID-19. The GWAS summarized data for COVID-19 were provided by the COVID-19 Host Genetics Initiative and the Severe Covid-19 GWAS Group. Analyses were done for blood and lung, respectively. Results: In blood, we identified 2 probes, ILMN_1765146 and ILMN_1791057
tagging IFNAR2, that showed pleiotropic association with hospitalized COVID-19 (beta SE]=0.42 0.09], P=4.75E06 and beta SE]=-0.48 0.11], P=6.76E06, respectively). Although no other probes were significant after correction for multiple testing in both blood
and lung, multiple genes as tagged by the top 5 probes were involved in inflammation or antiviral immunity, and several other tagged genes, such as PON2 and HPS5, were involved in blood coagulation. Conclusion: We identified IFNAR2 and other potential genes
that could be involved in of the susceptibility or prognosis of COVID-19. These findings provide important leads to a better understanding of the mechanisms of cytokine storm and venous thromboembolism in COVID-19 and potential therapeutic target for effective
treatment of COVID-19. |
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Prognosis of olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions in COVID-19 patients: A case series |
Liu, PY, Jiang, et al |
Clinical Case Reports |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Although most COVID-19 patients feel their olfactory function returns to normal, the smell test demonstrates that a
mild impairment of the olfactory function may have remained. Therefore, their olfactory function should be evaluated by a smell test. This case series was conducted on three patients who were diagnosed with COVID‐19 and admitted to Taichung Veterans General
Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan. |
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Spatiotemporal impacts of COVID-19 on air pollution in California, USA |
Liu, Q, Harris, et al |
Science of the Total Environment |
Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique |
Various recent studies have shown that societal efforts to mitigate (e.g. “lockdown”) the outbreak of the 2019 coronavirus
disease (COVID-19) caused non-negligible impacts on the environment, especially air quality. To examine if interventional policies due to COVID-19 have had a similar impact in the US state of California, this paper investigates the spatiotemporal patterns
and changes in air pollution before, during and after the lockdown of the state, comparing the air quality measurements in 2020 with historical averages from 2015 to 2019. Through time series analysis, a sudden drop and uptick of air pollution are found around
the dates when shutdown and reopening were ordered, respectively. The spatial patterns of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) tropospheric vertical column density (TVCD) show a decreasing trend over the locations of major powerplants and an increasing trend over residential
areas near interactions of national highways. Ground-based observations around California show a 38%, 49%, and 31% drop in the concentration of NO2, carbon monoxide (CO) and particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) during the lockdown (March 19–May 7) compared to before
(January 26–March 18) in 2020. These are 16%, 25% and 19% sharper than the means of the previous five years in the same periods, respectively. Our study offers evidence of the environmental impact introduced by COVID-19, and insight into related economic influences. |
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Lokida, D, Lukman, et al |
Am J Trop Med Hyg |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection
d'agents pathogènes |
Emergence of SARS-CoV-2 in dengue virus (DENV)-endemic areas complicates the diagnosis of both infections. COVID-19
cases may be misdiagnosed as dengue, particularly when relying on DENV IgM, which can remain positive months after infection. To estimate the extent of this problem, we evaluated sera from 42 confirmed COVID-19 patients for evidence of DENV infection. No cases
of SARS-CoV-2 and DENV coinfection were identified. However, recent DENV infection, indicated by the presence of DENV IgM and/or high level of IgG antibodies, was found in seven patients. Dengue virus IgM and/or high IgG titer should not exclude COVID-19.
SARS-CoV-2 reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing is appropriate when dengue nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) or RT-PCR is negative. Given the possibility of coinfection, testing for both DENV and SARS-CoV-2 is merited in the setting
of the current pandemic. |
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Lu, X, Zhang, et al |
PLoS One |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
PURPOSE: To investigate the role of lung ultrasound score (LUS) in assessing intubation timing for patients with severe
acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pneumonia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventy-two patients with critical coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) were admitted to a makeshift intensive care unit (ICU). All patients underwent bedside lung ultrasonography
one to two times per day. The patients were either intubated, treated with noninvasive ventilation (NIV), or given high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) after a discussion with the multidisciplinary group after their conditions worsened. Bedside lung ultrasound was
performed daily after intubation, and patients received mechanical ventilation. Lung ultrasound was performed on days 1, 2, 3, 5, and 7 after patients were admitted to the ICU; if the patient was intubated, LUS determination was performed before intubation
within 24 h (T1) and on days 1, 2, 5, and 7 after intubation (T2, T3, T4, and T5, respectively).The goal of this study was to evaluate the severity of lung aeration loss in intubated and non-intubated patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia by ultrasound at different
time points within one week. RESULTS: A total of 16 patients were included in this study, including nine who were intubated and mechanically ventilated and seven patients without intubation. The number of elderly individuals in the intubated group was higher
than in the non-intubated group (P 0.05). The 28-day mortality rate of intubated patients was higher than that of non-intubated patients; six patients in the intubated group and two patients in the non-intubated group died. Nine intubated patients showed
changes in LUS within seven days (n = 9). The mean LUS within 24 h before intubation was 12.8 ± 1.3. LUS was significantly higher on T1 than on T5 (P <0.05), and did not significantly differ from T1 to T4. Comparing LUS between intubated and non-intubated
patients on T1 showed that the LUS of intubated patients was significantly higher than that of non-intubated patients (P <0.05). Between the two patient groups, oxygenation index was 140.1 ± 7.7 vs. 137.8 ± 5.9 on T1, and the respiratory rate of the two groups
was 26 ± 5 vs. 28 ± 4 breaths/min. Neither oxygenation index nor RR significantly differed between the two groups. CONCLUSION: LUS may be an effective tool for assessing intubation timing in critically ill patients with Covid-19 interstitial pneumonia. |
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Corticosteroid Use in the Treatment of COVID-19: A Multicenter Retrospective Study in Hunan, China |
Ma, Y, Zeng, et al |
Frontiers in Pharmacology |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has developed into a worldwide pandemic. This study aimed to retrospectively
describe the use of corticosteroids in treating COVID-19. Methods: For this multicenter retrospective study, medical records from 488 symptomatic COVID-19 patients were reviewed. Patients were divided into severe and nonsevere groups. Baseline characteristics,
signs and symptoms, laboratory findings, treatments, and disease outcomes were compared. Specific data for corticosteroid treatment were further analyzed. Results: Four hundred fifty COVID-19 patients were included in this study, including 82 severe patients
and 368 nonsevere cases. Out of the 450 patients, 126 (28.0%) received corticosteroid treatment. In the 126 patients treated with corticosteroids, the median daily dose of corticosteroid therapy was 56.6 interquartile range (IQR): 40.0–78.4] mg and median
corticosteroid therapy duration was 5.0 ( |
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Food proteins are a potential resource for mining cathepsin L inhibitory drugs to combat SARS-CoV-2 |
Madadlou, A |
European journal of pharmacology |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
The entry of SARS-CoV-2 into host cells proceeds by a proteolysis process, which involves the lysosomal peptidase cathepsin
L. Inhibition of cathepsin L is therefore considered an effective method to decrease the virus internalization. Analysis from the perspective of structure-functionality elucidates that cathepsin L inhibitory proteins/peptides found in food share specific features:
multiple disulfide crosslinks (buried in protein core), lack or low contents of (small) α-helices, and high surface hydrophobicity. Lactoferrin can inhibit cathepsin L, but not cathepsins B and H. This selective inhibition might be useful in fine targeting
of cathepsin L. Molecular docking indicated that only the carboxyl-terminal lobe of lactoferrin interacts with cathepsin L and that the active site cleft of cathepsin L is heavily superposed by lactoferrin. A controlled proteolysis process might yield lactoferrin-derived
peptides that strongly inhibit cathepsin L. |
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Spontaneous subcutaneous emphysema and pneumomediastinum in non-intubated patients with COVID-19 |
Manna, S, Maron, et al |
Clinical imaging |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Purpose: We describe the presenting characteristics and hospital course of 11 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) patients
who developed spontaneous subcutaneous emphysema (SE) with or without pneumomediastinum (SPM) in the absence of prior mechanical ventilation. Materials and methods: A total of 11 non-intubated COVID-19 patients (8 male and 3 female, median age 61 years) developed
SE and SPM between March 15 and April 30, 2020 at a multi-center urban health system in New York City. Demographics (age, gender, smoking status, comorbid conditions, and body-mass index), clinical variables (temperature, oxygen saturation, and symptoms),
and laboratory values (white blood cell count, C-reactive protein, D-dimer, and peak interleukin-6) were collected. Chest radiography (CXR) and computed tomography (CT) were analyzed for SE, SPM, and pneumothorax by a board-certified cardiothoracic-fellowship
trained radiologist. Results: Eleven non-intubated patients developed SE, 36% (4/11) of whom had SE on their initial CXR. Concomitant SPM was apparent in 91% (10/11) of patients, and 45% (5/11) also developed pneumothorax. Patients developed SE on average
13.3 days. |
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Maquilon, C, G |
Research Square prepub |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Background: The first case of COVID-19 was reported in Chile on March 3, 2020. Public and private hospitals were managed
in a centralized manner. On May 30, Chile had 99,668 cases, 1054 deaths, 1383 ICU patients, 1174 patients on invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), and 51 patients on non-invasive ventilation (NIMV). Research question: What are the variables associated with
condition at discharge? Method: We performed a retrospective cohort study of 529 patients with a positive RT-PCR for SARS CoV-2who were consecutively discharged between March 14 and June 4, 2020, at Clínica Dávila, Santiago. Patients were analyzed according
to laboratory variables on admission, Quality-Adjusted Life Year (QALY) score, health insurance, and type of respiratory support. Condition at discharge was survivor, non-survivor, or transfer to another center. Differences were evaluated by Chi-square test,
Student’s t test, or Mann–Whitney U test. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify variables that were predictive of condition at discharge. Results: Median (interquartile range, IQR) age was 49 (37–62) years, and the median (IQR) stay in the
hospital was 6 (3–10) days. A total of 352 patients (66.5%) had respiratory symptoms, 177 (33.4%) had other symptoms or diagnoses on admission, and 116 required ventilatory support; 448 (84.7%) were survivors, 54 (10.2%) were non-survivors, and 27 (5.1%) were
transferred. The median ages of the survivors and non-survivors were 46 (36–59) and 75.5 (66–84), respectively. Having state health insurance increased the risk of death by 2.8-fold (OR, 2.825; 95% CI: 1.383–5.772; P = 0.004). Multivariate analysis revealed
the following predictive variables: age ≥ 60 years (OR, 15.3; 95% CI: 7.25–32.2; P = .001); PaO2/FiO2 on admission ≤ 200 vs > 200 (OR, 5,205; CI 95%: 1,942–13,94); high-sensitivity troponin, ≥ 15 vs 15 points (OR, 14,011; 95% CI: 4,826–40,679; P=.001). Interpretation:
The variables analyzed and patient’s clinical evolution may allow assignment of ICU beds to patients with the greatest chance of survival, especially in countries or regions where this resource is limited. |
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Maraqa, B, Nazzal, et al |
Journal of Primary Care and Community Health |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
Health care workers (HCWs) face enormous pressure due to work overload, negative emotions, exhaustion, lack of contact
with their families, and risk of catching the infection and death. Aim: This study aims to assess the level of stress perceived by HCWs and possible associated factors during the COVID-19 outbreak in Palestine. Methods: A cross-sectional sample of 430 frontlines
HCWs was conducted using an online self-reported questionnaire. HCWs’ stress from the COVID-19 outbreak, factors that increase stress, and the activities that reduced stress were assessed. Chi-square test was used to compare between a categorical variable
and the study outcome; associations are presented as odds ratios (OR) and confidence intervals (95% CI) with 0.05 significance level. Al-Najah National University institutional review board granted ethics approval. Results: Most respondents (74.0%) reported
high-stress levels during the outbreak. Fear of transmitting the virus to family was the most stressful factor (91.6%). HCWs who did not have training on the outbreak response were more likely to have high-stress levels (OR = 2.7 95% CI = 1.7-4.4], P <.001).
Those with high stress reported being disappointed (OR = 2.4 95% CI = 1.5-3.6], P <.001), and strongly considered taking sick leave (OR = 3.9 95% CI = 1.9-7.9], P <.001). Conclusion: HCWs are under tremendous stress, given the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. |
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Marashi, Maryam Yvonne, Nicholson, et al |
bioRxiv |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the mental health, physical activity, and sedentary behavior of citizens worldwide.
Using an online survey with 1669 respondents, we sought to understand why and how by querying about perceived barriers and motivators to physical activity that changed because of the pandemic, and how those changes impacted mental health. Consistent with prior
reports, our respondents were less physically active (aerobic activity, -11%, p <0.05; strength-based activity, -30%, p<0.01) and more sedentary (+11%, p<0.01) during the pandemic as compared to 6-months before. The pandemic also increased psychological stress
(+22%, p <0.01) and brought on moderate symptoms of anxiety and depression. Respondents’ whose mental health deteriorated the most were also the ones who were least active (depression r = -.21, p<0.01; anxiety r = -.12, p<0.01). The majority of respondents
were unmotivated to exercise because they were too anxious (+8%, p <0.01), lacked social support (+6%, p =<0.01), or had limited access to equipment (+23%, p <0.01) or space (+41%, p <0.01). The respondents who were able to stay active reported feeling less
motivated by physical health outcomes such as weight loss (-7%, p<0.01) or strength (-14%, p<0.01) and instead more motivated by mental health outcomes such as anxiety relief (+14%, p <0.01). Coupled with previous work demonstrating a direct relationship between
mental health and physical activity, these results highlight the potential protective effect of physical activity on mental health and point to the need for psychological support to overcome perceived barriers so that people can continue to be physically active
during stressful times like the pandemic. |
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32771636; Severe immune thrombocytopenia in a critically ill COVID-19 patient |
Martincic, Z, Skopec, et al |
International Journal of Infectious Diseases |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 can cause a severe and even fatal respiratory illness named COVID-19. Apart from respiratory
failure, COVID-19 may be associated with various autoimmune complications. We present a case of a critically ill patient with COVID-19 who developed severe immune thrombocytopenia that was successfully treated with a concomitant use of corticosteroids and
intravenous immunoglobulins. |
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Mary, SJJ, Siddique, et al |
Spectrochimica Acta - Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy |
Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
Novel antiviral active molecule 2- (4,6-diaminopyrimidin-2-yl)sulfanyl]-N-(4-fluoro- phenyl)acetamide has been synthesised
and characterized by FT-IR and FT-Raman spectra. The equilibrium geometry, natural bond orbital calculations and vibrational assignments have been carried out using density functional B3LYP method with the 6-311G++(d,p) basis set. The complete vibrational
assignments for all the vibrational modes have been supported by normal coordinate analysis, force constants and potential energy distributions. A detailed analysis of the intermolecular interactions has been performed based on the Hirshfeld surfaces. Drug
likeness has been carried out based on Lipinski's rule and the absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity of the title molecule has been calculated. Antiviral potency of 2- (4,6-diaminopyrimidin-2-yl)sulfanyl]-N-(4-fluoro-phenyl) acetamide
has been investigated by docking against SARS-CoV-2 protein. The optimized geometry shows near-planarity between the phenyl ring and the pyrimidine ring. Differences in the geometries due to the substitution of the most electronegative fluorine atom and intermolecular
contacts due to amino pyrimidine were analyzed. NBO analysis reveals the formation of two strong stable hydrogen bonded N–H···N intermolecular interactions and weak intramolecular interactions C–H···O and N–H···O. The Hirshfeld surfaces and consequently the
2D-fingerprint confirm the nature of intermolecular interactions and their quantitative contributions towards the crystal packing. The red shift in N–H stretching frequency exposed from IR substantiate the formation of N–H···N intermolecular hydrogen bond.
Drug likeness and absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity properties analysis gives an idea about the pharmacokinetic properties of the title molecule. The binding energy −8.7 kcal/mol of the nonbonding interaction present a clear view
that 2- (4,6-diaminopyrimidin-2-yl)sulfanyl]-N-(4-fluoro- phenyl) acetamide can irreversibly interact with SARS-CoV-2 protease. |
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A blueprint for academic labs to produce SARS-CoV-2 RT-qPCR test kits |
Mascuch, SJ, Fakhretaha-Aval, et al |
J Biol Chem |
Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes |
Widespread testing for the presence of the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 in individuals remains vital for controlling
the COVID-19 pandemic prior to the advent of an effective treatment. Challenges in testing can be traced to an initial shortage of supplies, expertise and/or instrumentation necessary to detect the virus by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain
reaction (RT-qPCR), the most robust, sensitive, and specific assay currently available. Here we show that academic biochemistry and molecular biology laboratories equipped with appropriate expertise and infrastructure can replicate commercially available SARS-CoV-2
RT-qPCR test kits and backfill pipeline shortages. The Georgia Tech COVID-19 Test Kit Support Group, composed of faculty, staff, and trainees across the biotechnology quad at Georgia Institute of Technology, synthesized multiplexed primers and probes and formulated
a master mix composed of enzymes and proteins produced in-house. Our in-house kit compares favorably to a commercial product used for diagnostic testing. We also developed an environmental testing protocol to readily monitor surfaces across various campus
laboratories for the presence of SARS-CoV-2. Our blueprint should be readily reproducible by research teams at other institutions, and our protocols may be modified and adapted to enable SARS-CoV-2 detection in more resource-limited settings. |
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Reassessing the operative threshold for abdominal aortic aneurysm repair in the context of COVID-19 |
McGuinness, B, Troncone, et al |
J Vasc Surg |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
OBJECTIVE: The worldwide pandemic involving the novel respiratory syndrome (COVID-19) has forced healthcare systems
to delay elective operations, including abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair, to conserve resources. This study provides a structured analysis of the decision to delay AAA repair and quantify the potential for harm. METHODS: A decision tree was constructed
modeling immediate repair of AAA relative to an initial non-operative (delayed repair) approach. Risk of COVID-19 contraction and mortality, aneurysm rupture, and operative mortality were considered. A deterministic sensitivity analysis for a range of patient
ages (50 to >80), probability of COVID-19 infection (0.01%-30%), aneurysm size (5.5->7cm), and time horizons (3-9 months) was performed. Probabilistic sensitivity analyses (PSA) were conducted for three representative ages (60, 70, 80). Analyses were conducted
for endovascular aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR) and open surgical repair (OSR). RESULTS: Patients with aneurysms 7cm or greater demonstrated a higher probability of survival when treated with immediate EVAR or OSR, compared to delayed repair, for patients under
80 years of age. When considering EVAR for aneurysms 5.5-6.9cm, immediate repair had a higher probability of survival except in settings with high probability of COVID-19 infection (10-30%) and advanced age (70-85+ years). A non-operative strategy maximized
the probability of survival as patient age or operative risk increased. Probabilistic sensitivity analyses demonstrated that patients with large aneurysms (>7cm) faced a 5.4-7.7% absolute increase in the probability of mortality with a delay of repair of 3
months. Young patients (60-70 years) with 6-6.9cm aneurysms demonstrated an elevated risk of mortality (1.5-1.9%) with a delay of 3 months. Those with 5-5.9cm aneurysms demonstrated an increased survival with immediate repair in young patients (60), however
this was small in magnitude (0.2-0.8%). The potential for harm increased as length of surgical delay increased. For elderly patients requiring OSR, in the context of endemic COVID-19, delay of repair improves probability of survival. CONCLUSION: The decision
to delay operative repair of AAA should consider both patient age and local COVID-19 prevalence in addition to aneurysm size. EVAR should be considered when possible due to a reduced risk of harm and lower resource utilization. |
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Non-exposure procedure to aerosols during a tracheostomy under biosafety isolation in SARS CoV-2 |
Mejía, FJM, Salinas, et al |
Operative Techniques in Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery |
Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI)
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
A tracheostomy performed on patients infected with SARS CoV-2 is one of the procedures with the highest risks of aerosolization.
Safety recommendations for carrying out this procedure are not suitable for implementation in every hospital. Despite the use of Personal Protection Equipment, the suit leaves the submental area unprotected, and even the face mask may not provide a full seal.
The use of additional biosafety isolation equipment increases safety, thus preventing exposure to infecting particles and allowing the surgeon to perform the technique with the use of the available equipment; it reduces the risks of further trans-surgical
complications and increases the possibilities of handling them in case they arise. |
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Traditional Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation of coronavirus disease 2019 patients |
Meng, XZ, Wan, et al |
Academic Journal of Second Military Medical University |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Objective To explore the rule of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome differentiation of coronavirus disease
2019 (COVID-19) patients. Methods The symptoms of 756 cases with COVID-19 in Guanggu Branch of Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Hubei Province were collected by cross sectional survey. The incidence rates of the symptoms were recorded by frequency
method at different courses of the disease: prodromal stage (onset), middle stage (7-30 days), and later stage (>30 days). The common symptoms (incidence rate>5.0%) were analyzed by systematic clustering. With expert experience, the rule of TCM syndrome differentiation
of COVID-19 patients was summarized. Results Fever (52.25%, 395 cases), cough (43.25%, 327 cases), asthenia (27.25%, 206 cases), chest distress (26.72%, 202 cases), asthma (17.59%, 133 cases) and expectoration (5.03%, 38 cases) were the most common symptoms
in the prodromal stage (756 cases) of the disease, which were clustered into one category except expectoration, indicating the pathogenesis of both lung and body surface suppressed by dampness. In the middle stage (383 cases), the 19 common symptoms including
greasy fur (64.49%, 247 cases), yellow fur (43.86%, 168 cases), thick fur (40.21%, 154 cases), cough (34.73%, 133 cases), red tongue (32.38%, 124 cases), poor stool (25.85%, 99 cases), asthma (25.33%, 97 cases), asthenia (25.07%, 96 cases), poor appetite (23.76%,
91 cases), bitterness of mouth (14.36%, 55 cases), dry fur (12.01%, 46 cases), purple tongue (12.01%, 46 cases), perspiration (11.49%, 44 cases), constipation (10.18%, 39 cases), white phlegm (8.62%, 33 cases), insomnia (7.31%, 28 cases), nausea (7.05%, 27
cases), diarrhea (6.79%, 26 cases) and yellow phlegm (6.27%, 24 cases), were clustered into three groups, indicating the pathogenesis of damp-heat accumulation, obstruction of lung and spleen by dampness, and dryness due to dampness-heat. In the later stage
(373 cases), the 13 common symptoms including greasy fur (50.94%, 190 cases), asthenia (39.41%, 147 cases), cough (37.80%, 141 cases), red tongue (33.78%, 126 cases), asthma (32.17%, 120 cases), perspiration (23.86%, 89 cases), dry mouth (22.79%, 85 cases),
poor appetite (20.11%, 75 cases), poor stool (19.30%, 72 cases), bitterness of mouth (15.01%, 56 cases), white phlegm (10.72%, 40 cases), palpitation (8.31%, 31 cases) and little fur (8.04%, 30 cases), were clustered into two groups, indicating the pathogenesis
of deficiency of Qi and Yin with residual dampness, and deficiency of lung Qi and spleen Qi with residual dampness. Conclusion The TCM syndromes of COVID-19 patients in different stages have its own typical characteristics, with a regular change from exterior
to interior, from dampness to dampness-heat and from excess to deficiency.. |
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Impact of COVID-19 outbreak on asymmetric multifractality of gold and oil prices |
Mensi, W, Sensoy, et al |
Resources Policy |
Economics | Économie |
This paper examines the impacts of COVID-19 on the multifractality of gold and oil prices based on upward and downward
trends. We apply the Asymmetric Multifractal Detrended Fluctuation Analysis (A-MF-DFA) approach to 15-min interval intraday data. The results show strong evidence of asymmetric multifractality that increases as the fractality scale increases. Moreover, multifractality
is especially higher in the downside (upside) trend for Brent oil (gold), and this excess asymmetry has been more accentuated during the COVID-19 outbreak. Before the outbreak, the gold (oil) market was more inefficient during downward (upward) trends. During
the COVID-19 outbreak period, we see that the results have changed. More precisely, we find that gold (oil) is more inefficient during upward (downward) trends. Gold and oil markets have been inefficient, particularly during the outbreak. The efficiency of
gold and oil markets is sensitive to scales, market trends, and to the pandemic outbreak, highlighting the investor sentiment effect. |
|
Miao, H, Gao, et al |
Frontiers in Applied Mathematics and Statistics |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Transmission Public health interventions*|
Interventions de santé publique |
The sudden onset of the coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has resulted in tremendous loss of human life and economy
in more than 210 countries and territories around the world. While self-protections such as wearing masks, sheltering in place, and quarantine policies and strategies are necessary for containing virus transmission, tens of millions of people in the U.S. have
lost their jobs due to the shutdown of businesses. Therefore, how to reopen the economy safely while the virus is still circulating in population has become a problem of significant concern and importance to elected leaders and business executives. In this
study, mathematical modeling is employed to quantify the profit generation and the infection risk simultaneously from a business entity's perspective. Specifically, an ordinary differential equation model was developed to characterize disease transmission
and infection risk. An algebraic equation is proposed to determine the net profit that a business entity can generate after reopening and take into account the costs associated of several protection/quarantine guidelines. All model parameters were calibrated
based on various data and information sources. Sensitivity analyses and case studies were performed to illustrate the use of the model in practice. The results show that with a combination of necessary infection protection measures implemented, a business
entity may stand a good opportunity to generate a positive net profit while successfully controlling the within-business infection prevalence under that in the general population. The use of personal protective equipment (PPE) is also found of significant
importance, especially at the early stage of business reopening. |
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|
Middleton, EA, He, et al |
Blood |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
COVID-19 affects millions of patients worldwide, with clinical presentation ranging from isolated thrombosis to acute
respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) requiring ventilator support. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) originate from decondensed chromatin released to immobilize pathogens, and they can trigger immunothrombosis. We studied the connection between NETs and
COVID-19 severity and progression. We conducted a prospective cohort study of COVID-19 patients (n = 33) and age- and sex-matched controls (n = 17). We measured plasma myeloperoxidase (MPO)-DNA complexes (NETs), platelet factor 4, RANTES, and selected cytokines.
Three COVID-19 lung autopsies were examined for NETs and platelet involvement. We assessed NET formation ex vivo in COVID-19 neutrophils and in healthy neutrophils incubated with COVID-19 plasma. We also tested the ability of neonatal NET-inhibitory factor
(nNIF) to block NET formation induced by COVID-19 plasma. Plasma MPO-DNA complexes increased in COVID-19, with intubation (P < .0001) and death (P < .0005) as outcome. Illness severity correlated directly with plasma MPO-DNA complexes (P = .0360), whereas
Pao2/fraction of inspired oxygen correlated inversely (P = .0340). Soluble and cellular factors triggering NETs were significantly increased in COVID-19, and pulmonary autopsies confirmed NET-containing microthrombi with neutrophil-platelet infiltration. Finally,
COVID-19 neutrophils ex vivo displayed excessive NETs at baseline, and COVID-19 plasma triggered NET formation, which was blocked by nNIF. Thus, NETs triggering immunothrombosis may, in part, explain the prothrombotic clinical presentations in COVID-19, and
NETs may represent targets for therapeutic intervention. |
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A case report of postural tachycardia syndrome after COVID-19 |
Miglis, MG, Prieto, et al |
Clin Auton Res |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We report the case of a patient who developed postural tachycardia syndrome (POTS) several months after confirmed SARS-CoV-2
infection. |
|
Mitra, R, Moore, et al |
Health and Place |
Public Health Priorities| Priorités de santé publique Public Health response| Interventions
de santé publique |
This paper explores patterns of increased/ decreased physical activity, sedentary and sleep behaviours among Canadian
children and youth aged 5-17 years during the COVID-19 pandemic, and examines how these changes are associated with the built environment near residential locations. A cluster analysis identified two groups who were primarily distinguished by the changes in
outdoor activities. Compliance to 24-hour movement guidelines was low among both groups. For children, houses (versus apartments) was correlated with increased outdoor activities; proximity to major roads was a barrier. For youth, low dwelling density, and
access to parks in high-density neighbourhoods, increased the odds of increased outdoor activities during the pandemic. Our findings can inform future urban and health crisis planning practices by providing new insights into the desirable public health messaging
and characteristics of healthy and resilient communities. |
|
|
Encephalitis Associated with COVID-19 in a Patient with Multiple Sclerosis |
Moghadasi, AN |
Research Square prepub |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
From the beginning of COVID-19 pandemics, the involvement of patient’s nervous system with this virus is increasingly
reporting. Although various reports are published on affliction of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients with SARS-CoV-2, no report has been published on brain involvement by this virus in MS patients so far. Herein, a 34-year-old patient with MS who experienced
the decreased level of consciousness and encephalopathy following COVID-19 involvement has been reported. |
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Assessing the risk of COVID-19 in workplace environments using rapid risk analysis |
Mohammadfam, I, Mahdinia, et al |
Journal of Military Medicine |
Transmission |
Workplace Risk assessment: This cross-sectional study was conducted in May 2020 in three high risk workplaces including
5 banks, 4 post centers and 2 hospitals in the city of Hamadan, Iran. The tools used in this study included a rapid risk analysis technique. In this semi quantitative technique, the risk level is calculated based on three components: disease probability, severity
(consequence), and level of health belief. Results: The findings showed that the risk level of COVID-19 is high for all studied subjects. The lowest and highest risk of COVID-19 in bank employees was estimated at 200 and 300, respectively. The lowest and highest
risk of covid-19 in the hospital wards were 50 and 100, respectively. In addition, the low and high risk of covid-19 in the four postal centers were evaluated 50 and 150, respectively (unacceptable risk>40). |
|
Molaei, H, Khedmat, et al |
Transpl Infect Dis |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
BACKGROUND: There is a high risk of COVID-19 in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) because of chronic immunosuppression
and severe cytomegalovirus (CMV) pneumonitis. CASE PRESENTATION: A case series of 10 KTRs with COVID-19 in Iran was developed. Participants consisted of two female and eight male patients, aged 46 to 68 years old. The data related to clinical laboratory tests,
outcomes, diagnosis, and drug treatments were collected. The RT-PCR confirmed the COVID-19 infection in KTRs. The assessment of serum biochemical and blood hematological factors showed that there was a strong correlation between COVID-19 intensity and high
serum Cr, BUN, and ALT levels, high CRP concentration, and lower lymphocyte and platelet counts in male KTRs. Ground-glass opacity (GGO) was the main radiologic pattern visible on both chest radiographs of computed tomography scans. The COVID-19 and CMV coinfection
in KTRs resulted in large-size kidneys with severe parenchymal echogenicity and hydronephrosis. The combined use of effective antibiotic and antiviral drugs was suitable to prevent COVID-19 progression in KTRs. CONCLUSIONS: The coincidence of COVID-19 and
CMV in KTRs may potentially increase the mortality risk of patients. The levels of Cr, BUN, ALT, and CRP as well as lymphocytes count in these patients should be continuously controlled. |
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32844946; Do medical interns feel prepared to work in the COVID-19 pandemic? |
Moreira, MRC, Aquino, et al |
Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira (1992) |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
OBJECTIVE To learn about the perceptions of medical internship students about the early conclusion of the course and
their preparation to act in the fight against COVID-19. METHODS An online questionnaire was applied with questions about the socioeconomic profile and the object of investigation. The data were analyzed using the Bioestat 5.0 software. RESULTS 111 students
participated, most of whom (61.3%) were male, aged 20 to 25 years (80.2%), of Catholic religion (57.5%), and attending the 2nd year of internship (50.5%). A small portion (22.5%) reported being in total social isolation. The majority (57.5%) considered themselves
unprepared to act in the fight against the pandemic, and 86.8% of the students believe that the early conclusion of the course will contribute to the fight against COVID-19 in the country. CONCLUSION This scenario points to the urgency of measures that provide,
to recent graduates, timely technical preparation, safe work conditions, and emotional support even at the beginning of their professional career, leading them to competent, dignified and healthy work, during and after the pandemic. |
|
Moreland, A, Herlihy, et al |
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep |
Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique Surveillance |
Research Institute analyzed changes in population movement relative to stay-at-home orders issued during March 1-May
31, 2020, by all 50 states, the District of Columbia, and five U.S. territories.* During this period, 42 states and territories issued mandatory stay-at-home orders. When counties subject to mandatory state- and territory-issued stay-at-home orders were stratified
along rural-urban categories, movement decreased significantly relative to the preorder baseline in all strata. Mandatory stay-at-home orders can help reduce activities associated with the spread of COVID-19, including population movement and close person-to-person
contact outside the household. |
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|
Morton, S, Lamont, et al |
Journal of the Intensive Care Society |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
This case series included a total of 24 pregnant or immediately post-partum patients with COVID-19 in the United Kingdom.
Results indicate that pregnant or immediately post-partum women can develop severe COVID-19 symptoms requiring prolonged adult intensive care unit admission. It is likely to be single-organ failure, but patients are at a high risk of a thromboembolic event
and delirium. |
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|
Mukhsam, MH, Jeffree, et al |
Am J Trop Med Hyg |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
This report documents measures taken by the Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS) including task-shifting, widespread community
mental health interventions, and the establishment of the Preparedness and Response Centre to overseer the mitigating measures happening inside the university. |
|
|
Nah, K, Chen, et al |
European Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health
interventions*| Interventions de santé publique |
We introduce a novel approach to inform the re-opening plan followed by a post-pandemic lockdown by integrating a stochastic
optimization technique with a disease transmission model. We assess Ontarios re-opening plans as a case-study. Taking into account the uncertainties in contact rates during different re-opening phases, we find the optimal timing for the upcoming re-opening
phase that maximizes the relaxation of social contacts under uncertainties, while not overwhelming the health system capacity before the arrival of effective therapeutics or vaccines. |
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COVID-19 lockdowns, stimulus packages, travel bans, and stock returns |
Narayan, PK, Phan, et al |
Finance Research Letters |
Economics | Économie |
This paper examines the effect of government responses of G7 countries to the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) on stock
market returns. Using time-series data, we show that lockdowns, travel bans, and economic stimulus packages all had a positive effect on the G7 stock markets. However, lockdowns were most effective in cushioning the effects of COVID-19. Our results are robust
to different measures of returns and controls for other factors of returns. |
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Occupational COVID-19 risk to dental staff working in a public dental unit in the outbreak epicentre |
Nardone, M, Cordone, et al |
Oral Dis |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Transmission Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de
santé |
The aim of this study was to investigate the occupational COVID-19 risk to dental staff in public non-hospital dental
units in Milan as well as estimate the probability of asymptomatic COVID-19 patients. The probabilities of developing COVID-19 per worked hour per person excluding and including this uncertain situation were 0.0% (95CI, 0.0-3.2%), and 0.9% (95CI, 0.1-4.7%). |
|
Nash, Beatrice, Badea, et al |
medRxiv |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health
interventions*| Interventions de santé publique Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes |
Here we use computational modeling, coupled with clinical data from a rapid antigen test, to predict the impact of
frequent rapid testing on COVID-19 spread and outcomes. Using patient nasopharyngeal swab specimens, we demonstrate that the sensitivity and specificity of the rapid antigen test compared to quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) are 84.7%
and 85.7%, respectively; moreover, sensitivity correlates directly with viral load. Based on COVID-19 data from three regions in the United States and Sao Jose do Rio Preto, Brazil, we show that high frequency, strategic population-wide rapid testing, even
at varied accuracy levels, diminishes COVID-19 infections, hospitalizations, and deaths at a fraction of the cost of nucleic acid detection via qRT-PCR. |
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SARS-CoV-2 Protein in Wastewater Mirrors COVID-19 Prevalence |
Neault, Nafisa, Baig, et al |
medRxiv |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection
d'agents pathogènes |
Here, we demonstrate the presence of SARS-CoV-2 structural proteins in the wastewater of Ottawa using traditional immunoblotting
and quantitate them from wastewater solids using an immuno-linked PCR method called Multiplex Paired-antibody Amplified Detection (MPAD). In this longitudinal study, we corrected for stochastic variability inherent to wastewater-based epidemiology using multiple
fecal content protein biomarkers. These normalized SARS-CoV-2 protein data correlated well with public health metrics. |
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24 People, one test: Boosting test efficiency using pooled serum
antibody testing for SARS-CoV-2 |
Nessler, Stefan, Franz, et al |
medRxiv |
Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes |
We developed a sensitive and specific cell-based assay to detect conformational SARS-CoV-2 spike (SARS-2-S) S1 antibodies
in human serum, and have cross-evaluated this assay against two FDA-approved SARS-CoV-2 antibody assays. We pooled up to 24 sera and assessed the group testing performance of our cell-based assay. Group testing was further optimized by Monte Carlo like simulations
and prospectively evaluated. |
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Using 164 Million Google Street View Images to Derive Built Environment Predictors of COVID-19 Cases |
Nguyen, QC, Huang, et al |
Int J Environ Res Public Health |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
In this study, we investigated how the built environments affect COVID-19 cases at the zip code level. We utilized
170 million Google Street View (GSV) images sampled at 50 meters apart and computer vision models to comprehensively characterize neighborhood conditions across the United States. Our findings suggest that built environment characteristics can help characterize
community-level COVID-19 risk. |
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COVID-19 Pandemic: Age-Related Differences in Measures of Stress, Anxiety and Depression in Canada |
Nwachukwu, I, Nkire, et al |
Int J Environ Res Public Health |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
This survey study examined relative presentations of these psychopathologies in different age groups in a Canadian
cohort during the COVID-19 pandemic. There were 8267 individuals who completed the survey. The findings indicate that the prevalence rates and the mean scores for stress, anxiety, and depression on standardized scales to decrease from younger to older subscribers
is an interesting observation with potential implications for planning to meet mental health service needs during COVID-19. |
|
Ofosu, A, Ramai, et al |
Am J Gastroenterol |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Case report of a 55-year-old man with a history of hyperlipidemia was brought to the emergency department on account
of a history of fever for the past 3 days, shortness of breath, and altered mental status. To the best of our knowledge, our case represents the first reported case of portal vein thrombosis in a patient with COVID-19 infection. |
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Another false-positive problem for a SARS-CoV-2 antigen test in Japan |
Ogawa, T, Fukumori, et al |
Journal of Clinical Virology |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Case report of a patient with a false positive result for COVID-19. The patient was a 96-year-old woman who tested
positive on the Lumipulse G SARS-CoV-2 Ag, had a general malaise, and had no abnormal lung shading on chest computed tomography. However, in accordance with the Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare policy, the local health authorities recognized her as a
confirmed COVID-19 case. |
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Revealing the extent of the COVID-19 pandemic in Kenya based on
serological and PCR-test data |
Ojal, John, Brand, et al |
medRxiv |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
Our aim is to derive a coherent picture of SARS-COV-2 epidemiology in Kenya and reveal the historic and future patterns
of spread across the country and by county. We developed a simple SEIR compartmental mechanistic and data-driven transmission model for Kenya, which integrates three sources of longitudinal data: national time series PCR tests, the Kenyan serological survey
and Google mobility behavioural data. We estimate that the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic peaked before the end of July 2020 in the major urban counties, with 34 - 41% of residents infected, and will peak elsewhere in the country within 2-3 months. Despite this penetration,
reported severe cases and deaths are low. |
|
Okuhara, T, Okada, et al |
Patient education and counseling |
Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique |
The aim of this study was to examine the most persuasive message type in terms of narrator difference in encouraging
people to stay at home during the COVID-19 pandemic and social lockdown in Japan. Participants (n = 1,980) were randomly assigned to five intervention messages (from a governor, a public health expert, a physician, a patient, and a resident of an outbreak
area) and a control message. Results find that the message from a physician―which conveyed the crisis of overwhelmed hospitals and consequent risk of people being unable to receive treatment―increased the intent to stay at home the most. |
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Olaimat, AN, Aolymat, et al |
Am J Trop Med Hyg |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
This study assessed the attitudes, anxiety, and behavioral practices of university students in Jordan regarding COVID-19
during the early period of the infection (March 19-21, 2020) using a validated, self-administered survey questionnaire. Generally, the university students displayed positive attitudes and low-risk practices toward preventing COVID-19, with an average score
of 81.1% and 84.3%, respectively. Approximately two-thirds (69.1%) of the students showed a positive attitude toward COVID-19 seriousness, concern of contracting the virus, and the appropriate prevention measures, and low-risk practices (67.6%) toward preventing
COVID-19 including implementation of social distancing and good hygiene. |
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32835458; Changes in hospital admissions for urgent conditions during COVID-19 pandemic |
Oseran, AS, Nash, et al |
The American Journal of Managed Care |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
The objective of this study was to determine whether patients are deferring necessary care for urgent conditions during
the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and, if so, to what extent by comparing daily admission rates during the pandemic period (3/1/2020-4/30/2020) with the same dates in 2019 (3/1/2019-4/30/2019). During the pandemic period, there was a 33.7% decrease
in admission rates for all conditions combined in 2020 compared with 2019 (24.68 vs 16.37; -33.7%; P = .03). |
|
Pandya, A, Kaur, et al |
Chest |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We report the ventilatory parameters and lung mechanics of consecutive early and late intubated and ventilated patients
with COVID-19 ARDS by descriptive analysis at a single urban academic center in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. Our study found late intubation (>1.27 days; median day 4) was associated with longer ICU length of stay and longer duration of mechanical ventilation
than early intubation (≤1.27 days; median day 0). We found non-survivors had a longer time to intubation than survivors in our cohort. |
|
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Age-dependence of healthcare interventions for SARS-CoV-2 infection
in Ontario, Canada |
Papst, Irena, Li, et al |
medRxiv |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
We examined the age distributions of hospitalizations and serious healthcare interventions in Ontario, Canada, in order
to quantify the age-related impacts of COVID-19, and to identify potential risks should the healthcare system become overwhelmed with COVID-19 patients in the future. The distribution of COVID-19-related hospitalizations peaks with a wide plateau covering
ages 54-90, whereas deaths are sharply concentrated in very old ages, with a maximum at age 90. The estimated probability of hospitalization given known SARS-CoV-2 infection reaches a maximum of 32.0% at age 75 (95% CI 27.5%-36.7%). |
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Mental Health Challenges of United States Healthcare Professionals During COVID-19 |
Pearman, A, Hughes, et al |
Frontiers in Psychology |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
The objective of this survey was to better understand the current psychological impact of COVID-19 on healthcare professionals
(HCPs) in the United States. HCPs reported higher levels of depressive symptoms, past and future appraisal of COVID-related stress, concern about their health, tiredness, current general anxiety, and constraint, in addition to lower levels of proactive coping
compared to those who were not HCPs (p < 0.001, η2 = 0.28). |
|
Peivandi, Sepideh, Razavi, et al |
medRxiv |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
The aim of this prospective longitudinal study was to determine if fear of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic
has reduced the desire of infertile couples to continue treatment. In this cohort of forty-six infertile couples (n=92) most couples wished to continue treatments. |
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Pérez-Belmonte, Luis Miguel, Torres-Peña, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
This work examines the impact of each at-home glucose-lowering drugs individually or in combination with metformin
on mortality and other adverse outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes hospitalized for COVID-19 in Spain. We found that no at-home glucose-lowering drugs showed a significant association with in-hospital death; the composite outcome of need of intensive
care unit admission, mechanical ventilation, or in-hospital death; in-hospital complications; or long-time hospital stays. |
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Perez-Reche, Francisco, Strachan, et al |
medRxiv |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
Here we use current estimates of COVID-19 incidence from across the world together with student and staff numbers to
determine the most likely number of COVID-19 cases to be introduced to each UK Higher Educational Institutes (HEIs) campus at the start of the current term (Autumn 2020). It is estimated that 81% of the 163 UK Higher Educational Institutes (HEIs) have more
than a 50% chance of having at least one COVID-19 case arriving on campus when considering all staff and students. Across all HEIs it is estimated that there will be a total of approximately 700 COVID-19 cases (95% CI: 640 - 750) arriving on campus of which
380 are associated from UK students, 230 from international and 90 from staff. |
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Impact of universal masking in health care and community on SARS-CoV-2
spread |
Pletz, MathiasW, Steiner, et al |
medRxiv |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique |
Here, we report the development of the number of novel infections in our hospital and the city of Jena after implementation
of universal masking in our hospital and the city. We found that there were no new COIVD-19 cases in Jena five days after implementation, which is in line with the average incubation time of SARS-CoV-2 as well as a substantial drop in the rate of new infections
among healthcare workers from 10.1% to 0.4%. |
|
COVID-19 is spatial: Ensuring that mobile Big Data is used for social good |
Poom, A, Järv, et al |
Big Data and Society |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
We propose two strategical pathways for the future use of mobile Big Data for societal impact assessment, addressing
access to both raw mobile Big Data as well as aggregated data products. Both pathways require careful considerations of privacy issues, harmonized and transparent methodologies, and attention to the representativeness, reliability and continuity of data. The
goal is to be better prepared to use mobile Big Data in future crises. |
|
Performance of serum apolipoprotein-A1 as a sentinel of Covid-19 |
Poynard, Thierry, Deckmyn, et al |
medRxiv |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We have assessed the performance of serum apolipoprotein-A1, the main transporter of HDL-cholesterol, to identify the
early spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) in the general population and its diagnostic performance for the Covid-19. Results indicate that apolipoprotein-A1 levels began decreasing at the same time a daily increase in confirmed Covid-19 cases and
that the adjusted risk ratio of apolipoprotein-A1 for survival without transfer to intensive care unit was 5.61 (95%CI 1.02-31.0;P=0.04). |
|
Procop, GW, Shrestha, et al |
J Clin Microbiol |
Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes |
We directly compared matched saliva and NPS specimens from symptomatic patients suspected of having COVID-19. Of the
216 patients included in the final analysis, there was a 100% Positive Percent Agreement (38/38 positive specimens) and 99.4% Negative Percent Agreement (177/178 negative specimens). The one discrepant specimen had the presence of SARS-CoV-2 confirmed in the
saliva specimen using an alternate FDA EUA assay. The overall mean difference in crossing threshold (Ct) values for the positive NPS and saliva specimens was -3.61 (95% C.I. -5.78 to -1.44, p = 0.002). |
|
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Post myocardial infarction complications during the COVID-19 pandemic – A case series |
Qureshi, WT, Al-Drugh, et al |
Cardiovascular Revascularization Medicine |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We report 4 cases of post myocardial infarction complications due to the delay in presentation during COVID-19 era.
We highlighted the need for auscultating the chest for early diagnosis. Through this case series, we urge to raise awareness among cardiac patients to access healthcare despite the fear of COVID-19. |
|
Raj Kumar, B, Pandey, et al |
J Surg Oncol |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
Here we elucidate our experience that has unfolded between January 2020 and May 2020 in our as a tertiary cancer center.
This study included retrospective data of patients being treated for colorectal cancer and peritoneal surface malignancy between January and May 2020. We compared the treatment changes before and after the national emergency was declared. Results include
There was a 65% decrease in outpatients with a 90% drop in endoscopy procedures. Treatment protocols were changed with a 200% increase in short course radiation in rectal cancer. |
|
|
Recalde, Martina, Roel, et al |
medRxiv |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We aimed to describe and compare the demographics, comorbidities, and outcomes of obese patients with COVID-19 to those
of non-obese patients with COVID-19, or obese patients with seasonal influenza. with a cohort study based on outpatient/inpatient care, and claims data from January to June 2020 from the US, Spain, and the UK. The prevalence of obesity was higher among hospitalized
COVID-19 (range: 38% to 54%) than diagnosed COVID-19 (30% to 47%), or diagnosed/hospitalized influenza (15% to 48%) patients. |
|
|
Reinders Folmer, Chris, Kuiper, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
This working paper examines how these developments are reflected in Dutch citizens’ compliance with safe-distance measures
during a period of relaxation of mitigation period. The results show that the decline in compliance that was observed from May to June seems to have halted. At the same time, important predictors of compliance – such as citizens’ capacity to comply, perceptions
of the threat of the virus, and support for mitigation measures – have ceased to decrease, or are increasing. |
|
|
Reinders Folmer, Chris, Kuiper, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
This paper examines how these developments are reflected in Dutch citizens’ compliance with safe-distance measures
during the month of June. The results show that the processes that sustained compliance during the month of May continued to be influential, especially citizens’ intrinsic motivation to comply, their capacity to do so, their impulse control, and social norms
that sustained compliance. Furthermore, there were some indications that extrinsic reasons, such as the likelihood of punishment and the fairness of enforcement, may have become more influential in shaping compliance. A comparison to the findings from May
revealed, however, that compliance was gradually declining in the Netherlands, as were the resources that sustain it. |
|
|
Reinders Folmer, Chris, Kuiper, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
This paper assesses how Dutch citizens have complied with these social distancing measures. It analyses data from two
surveys conducted in May (between 8-14 and between 22-26). We find that a combination of factors explains social distancing compliance. On the one hand we see that people are more likely to comply if they have an intrinsic motivation to do so, when they have
the capacity to comply, when they have good impulse control, when they think compliance is normal, and when they see a general duty to obey rules generally. The paper also assesses how compliance has changed over time, assessing changes in May as well as how
these are different from compliance with lockdown measures in April. During this period, there has been a gradual decline in compliance that coincides with a decline in intrinsic motivations and capacity for compliance, and there has been an increase in opportunities
to violate the measures. |
|
|
Reiter, PL, Pennell, et al |
Vaccine |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
We conducted an online survey of adults ages 18 and older in the United States (n = 2,006) in May 2020 to identify
participants’ willingness to get a COVID-19 vaccine (i.e., vaccine acceptability). Overall, 69% of participants were willing to get a COVID-19 vaccine. Participants were more likely to be willing to get vaccinated if they thought their healthcare provider
would recommend vaccination (RR = 1.73, 95% CI: 1.49–2.02) or if they were moderate (RR = 1.09, 95% CI: 1.02–1.16) or liberal (RR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.07–1.22) in their political leaning. Participants were also more likely to be willing to get vaccinated if they
reported higher levels of perceived likelihood getting a COVID-19 infection in the future (RR = 1.05, 95% CI: 1.01–1.09), perceived severity of COVID-19 infection (RR = 1.08, 95% CI: 1.04–1.11), or perceived effectiveness of a COVID-19 vaccine (RR = 1.46,
95% CI: 1.40–1.52). Participants were less likely to be willing to get vaccinated if they were non-Latinx black (RR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.74–0.90) or reported a higher level of perceived potential vaccine harms (RR = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.92–0.98). |
|
|
Rigi, ZM, Dadpisheh, et al |
Journal of Military Medicine |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
The aim of this study was to determine the challenges and strategies to deal with SARS-CoV-2 from the perspective of
physicians and nurses in Iranshahr, southern of Sistan and Baluchestan, Iran. The results showed that the lowest mean responses were related to "peoplechr('39')s lack of access to social networks and mass communication" and the highest mean was related to
"not taking the disease seriously in the general public." Non-quarantine of infected cities is the most common obstacle. The quarantine of cities and stay at home were the most prevalent. |
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|
Observational study of azithromycin in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 |
Rodríguez-Molinero, A, Pérez-López, et al |
PLoS One |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
he objective of this study was to analyze whether there is an association between the use of azithromycin and the evolution
of the pulmonary disease or the time to discharge, in patients hospitalized with COVID-19. This was an observational study on a cohort of 418 patients admitted to three regional hospitals in Catalonia, Spain. We did not find a clinical benefit associated with
the use of azithromycin, in terms of lung function 48 hours after treatment or length of hospital stay. |
|
Rohaim, MA, Clayton, et al |
Viruses |
Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes |
Here, we report on the development of a de novo, high-resolution and comparative genomics guided reverse-transcribed
loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay. To further enhance the assay performance and to remove any subjectivity associated with operator interpretation of results, we engineered a novel hand-held smart diagnostic device. The robust diagnostic
device was further furnished with automated image acquisition and processing algorithms and the collated data was processed through artificial intelligence (AI) pipelines to further reduce the assay run time and the subjectivity of the colorimetric LAMP detection.
This advanced AI algorithm-implemented LAMP (ai-LAMP) assay, targeting the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase gene, showed high analytical sensitivity and specificity for SARS-CoV-2. A total of ~200 coronavirus disease (CoVID-19)-suspected NHS patient samples were
tested using the platform and it was shown to be reliable, highly specific and significantly more sensitive than the current gold standard qRT-PCR. Therefore, this system could provide an efficient and cost-effective platform to detect SARS-CoV-2 in resource-limited
laboratories. |
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|
Ruiz-Eugenio, L, Torras-Gómez, et al |
Sustainability (Switzerland) |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
this exploratory study analyzes changes related to tongue kissing in hook-ups promoted by increased awareness of tongue
kissing certain people as a potential source of transmission. Through pre- and post-test questionnaires given to 20 girls (18-30 years old), potential changes in the memories of past tongue-kissing hook-ups and in intentions and perceptions towards future
ones can be observed among 12 participants. The implications of these findings suggest not only how the new normal might affect tongue kissing in hook-ups among these girls but also how these girls might freely decide with whom to engage in sexual-affective
relationships in the future. |
|
|
Nurses' experiences on self-protection when caring for COVID-19 patients |
Saffari, M, Vahedian-Azimi, et al |
Journal of Military Medicine |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
This study was conducted to clarify the elements and dimensions of experiences among nurses when caring for COVID-19
patients. Themes such as personal protection, structural protection and safety problems are the most important concerns raised when nurses caring for COVID-19 patients and should be considered when planning to protect nursing health. |
|
Effectivity
of HEPA filters to remove viruses from air entering cleanrooms |
Sandle, T |
American Pharmaceutical Review |
Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI) |
As this article has highlighted, higher-grade HEPA filters are effective at removing most viruses from the air through
diffusion and retaining them within the media matrix. However, while some tests have been conducted, viral capture does not form part of conventional HEPA filter certification. Additional viral inactivation methods include the ionization of air, or alternative
ultraviolet light and ozone methods. To achieve viral control for certain types of pharmaceutical processing, this requires a combination approach. This article makes reference to these approaches. Aside from specific products (like cell-culture and plasma
products), the current rise in cases of SARS-CoV-2 (and the associated disease COVID-19) may make aspects of this article of wider interest to the cleanroom user. |
|
Antivirals Against Coronaviruses: Candidate Drugs for SARS-CoV-2 Treatment? |
Santos, IDA, Grosche, et al |
Frontiers in Microbiology |
Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
Here we present a selection of relevant compounds that have been described from 2005 until now as having in vitro and/or
in vivo antiviral activities against human and/or animal CoVs. We also present compounds that have reached clinical trials as well as further discussing the potentiality of other molecules for application in (re)emergent CoVs outbreaks. Finally, through rationalization
of the data presented herein, we wish to encourage further research encompassing these compounds as potential SARS-CoV-2 drug candidates. |
|
Savarino, E, Lorenzon, et al |
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
In our high-risk area, no cases of coronavirus disease 2019 were reported among patients with eosinophilic gastrointestinal
disorders, even though they continued to take proton pump inhibitors and corticosteroids. This suggests that such patients do not require special care regarding isolation, hospitalization, or medication withdrawal. |
|
|
Schroeder, K, Norful, et al |
Int J Nurs Stud Adv |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
This study aims to explore the experience of being a registered nurse caring for patients with COVID-19 at an urban
academic medical center during the early stages of the pandemic. Three themes emerged from the data, included one relevant to structures and two relevant to processes of care during the pandemic. Registered nurses perceived the clinical context as highly dynamic,
but quickly adapted to pandemic-related care delivery. They felt a “sense of duty” to care for patients with COVID-19, despite being fearful of acquiring or spreading infection. Compared to clinical colleagues, registered nurses reported increased patient
exposure and performed tasks previously assigned to other clinical team members. |
|
|
Self, WH, Tenforde, et al |
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection
d'agents pathogènes |
Among 3,248 personnel observed, 6% had antibody evidence of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection; 29% of personnel with SARS-CoV-2
antibodies were asymptomatic in the preceding months, and 69% had not previously received a diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies was lower among personnel who reported always wearing a face covering while caring for patients
(6%), compared with those who did not (9%). A high proportion of SARS-CoV-2 infections among health care personnel appear to go undetected. Universal use of face coverings and lowering clinical thresholds for testing could be important strategies for reducing
hospital transmission. |
|
|
Shaath, H, Alajez, et al |
Biology (Basel) |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
In this study, we analyzed RNA-seq transcriptome data from Calu-3 human lung epithelial cells infected with SARS-CoV-2
compared to five other viruses. Comprehensive bioinformatics revealed the activation of immune response and defense response to the virus as a common feature of viral infection. Interestingly however, the degree of functional categories and signaling pathways
activation varied among different viruses. Ingenuity pathways analysis highlighted altered conical and casual pathways related to TNF, IL1A, and TLR7, which are seen more predominantly during SARS-CoV-2 infection. Nonetheless, the activation of chemotaxis
and lipid synthesis was prominent in SARS-CoV-2-infected cells. Despite the commonality among all viruses, our data revealed the hyperactivation of chemotaxis and immune cell trafficking as well as the enhanced fatty acid synthesis as plausible mechanisms
that could explain the inflammatory cytokine storms associated with severe cases of COVID-19 and the rapid spread of the virus, respectively. |
|
|
Shah, A, Patel, et al |
Comb Chem High Throughput Screen |
Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
We had selected 30 phytoconstituents from the different plants which are reported for antiviral activities against
corona virus (CoVs) and performed insilico screening to find out phytoconstituents which have potency to inhibit specific target of novel corona virus. We had screened five compounds biscoclaurine, norreticuline, amentoflavone, licoricidin and myricetin using
insilico approach. All compounds found safe in insilico toxicity studies. Bioactivity prediction reviles that these all compounds may act through protease or enzyme inhibition. Results of compound biscoclaurine norreticuline were more interesting as this biscoclaurine
had higher binding affinity for the target 3CLpro and PLpro targets and norreticuline had higher binding affinity for the target PLpro and Spike protein. |
|
|
Global vascular surgeons experience, stressors, and coping during the COVID-19 pandemic |
Shalhub, S, Mouawad, et al |
J Vasc Surg |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
We designed and administered a global survey to examine the impact of COVID-19 on vascular surgeons and explore the
COVID-19 related stressors faced, coping strategies employed, and support structures available. Vascular surgeons globally are experiencing multiple COVID-19 related stressors during this devastating crisis. These findings highlight the continued need for
hospital systems to support their vascular surgeons and the importance of national societies to continue to invest in peer support programs as paramount to promoting the well-being of vascular surgeons during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. |
|
Shangguan, F, Quan, et al |
Journal of affective disorders |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence and correlates of somatization among Chinese participants
with anxiety receiving online crisis interventions from Feb 14 to Mar 29 during the COVID-19 epidemic. Among all participants, 8.0% reported moderate to severe anxiety and 7.4% reported somatization. After March 1, the prevalence of anxiety with or without
somatization did not significantly change (both p > 0.05), while the prevalence of somatization increased significantly (p < 0.01). Logistic regression analysis indicated that somatization was associated with chronic disease history (with an odds ratio of
4.80) and female gender (with an odds ratio of 0.33). |
|
|
Taizhou’s COVID-19 prevention and control experience with telemedicine features |
Shao, C, Li, et al |
Frontiers of Medicine |
Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique |
Taizhou is a prefecture-level city in Zhejiang Province. A total of 146 cases were diagnosed in this epidemic, with
a fatality rate of 0%. This condition is due to the establishment of an “Internet +” diagnosis and treatment model based on online medical application (APP), telemedicine, WeChat service, and consultation hotline in Taizhou. Taizhou led in opening the “COVID-19
Prevention and Treatment Special Line” in China, which is conducive to pre-hospital screening, suppressing social panic, and clinical support. Hospitals also carried out related online lectures and popularization of science. We summarize Taizhou’s COVID-19
prevention and control experience with telemedicine features, with a view to providing reference for the control of the epidemic at home and abroad. |
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An unusual cause of 'tree-in-bud' appearance in CT-chest during COVID-19 pandemic |
Sharma, A, Narayanan, et al |
Monaldi Arch Chest Dis |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Tree-in-bud’ (TIB) appearance in computed tomography (CT) chest is most commonly a manifestation of infection. We here
describe an unusual cause of TIB during the COVID-19 pandemic. A young male patient who had a history of fever, cough, and respiratory distress presented in the emergency department. As these symptoms matched with coronavirus infection, the COVID-19 test was
done, which was found negative. He was then moved to the intensive care unit where he developed severe acute respiratory distress syndrome and was put on mechanical ventilation. Further workup did not reveal any source of infection, as all his cultures were
negative, but his CT chest showed a tree-in-bud appearance. After obtaining a detailed history from his friends, the patient was found a chronic abuser of inhaled cocaine and treated with intravenous steroids. Subsequently, he was weaned from the ventilator
and discharged from the intensive care unit after becoming asymptomatic. |
|
COVID-19: Impact on the health and wellbeing of ex-serving personnel
(Veterans-CHECK) protocol paper |
Sharp, Marie-Louise, Serfioti, et al |
medRxiv |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We will use a sub-sample of a current longitudinal study to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on the health and wellbeing
of ex-service personnel in the UK. The study will provide evidence for the UK Office of Veterans' Affairs (OVA), UK stakeholders supporting the ex-service community, and evidence to inform our international counterparts working with ex-service communities
in allied countries regarding the impact of COVID-19 on the health and wellbeing of ex-service personnel. |
|
Shi, C, Wang, et al |
Clin Transl Sci |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
We performed a retrospective analysis to compare and evaluate the effect of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) treatment
on disease progression. Changes in the percentage of lymphocytes before and after LMWH treatment were significantly different from those in the control group (p=0.011). Likewise, changes in the levels of D‐dimer and fibrinogen degradation products (FDP) in
the LMWH group before and after treatment were significantly different from those in the control group (p=0.035). Remarkably, IL‐6 levels were significantly reduced after LMWH treatment (p=0.006), indicating that, besides other beneficial properties, LMWH
may exert an anti‐inflammatory effect and attenuate in part the 'cytokine storm' induced by the virus. Our results support the use of LMWH as a potential therapeutic drug for the treatment of COVID‐19, paving the way for a subsequent well‐controlled clinical
study. |
|
|
Partially versus purely data-driven approaches in SARS-CoV-2 prediction |
Shilbayeh, SA, Abonamah, et al |
Applied Sciences (Switzerland) |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
In this paper, we compare the purely data-driven and partially-data driven approaches by applying them to data from
three countries having different past pattern behavior. The countries are the US, Jordan, and Italy. It is found that those two prediction approaches yield significantly different results. Purely data-driven approach depends totally on the past behavior and
does not show any decline in the number of the infected cases if the country did not experience any decline in the number of cases. On the other hand, a partially data-driven approach guarantees a timely decline of the infected curve to reach zero. Using the
two approaches highlights the importance of human intervention in pandemic prediction to guide the learning process as opposed to the purely data-driven approach that predicts future cases based on the pattern detected in the data. |
|
SARS-CoV-2 antibody seroprevalence and stability in a tertiary
care hospital-setting |
Siddiqui, Samreen, Naushin, et al |
medRxiv |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Immunology | Immunologie |
This study was conceptualized with an aim to estimate the seroprevalence in hospital and general population of Delhi,
India and determine the stability of anti SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in HCW. Among the HCW, seroprevalence rates increased from 2.3% in April to 50.6% in July. The cumulative prevalence was 16.5% in HCW and 23.5% (78/332) in the general population with a large
number of asymptomatic individuals. Out of 74 seropositive HCWs, 51 were followed-up for the duration of this study. We observed that in all seropositive cases the antibodies were sustained even up to 83 days. |
|
COVID-19: Assessment of knowledge and awareness in Indian society |
Singh, AK, Agrawal, et al |
Journal of Public Affairs |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
this study attempted to assess the awareness, threat, symptoms and its prevention among people of India about the COVID‐19.
The respondents have adequate awareness for COVID‐19 outbreak and its preventive measures, out of total, 98% (513) answered that the virus spreads from one person to another, 95% (494) answered that the disease is caused by a virus. Peoples understand the
importance of social distancing and other preventive measures prescribed by the government with good attitude for coronavirus. Peoples are following trusted sources for corona information, having confidence to defeat disease but showed their concern for corona
threat, are aware about the virus, its common symptoms and prevention, govt. testing and medical facilities. Principal component analysis was used to identify the latent dimensions regarding people's preventive measures and was found that they are majorly
adopting three methods, that is, lockdown, naturopathy and social distancing. |
|
Correction in Active Cases Data of COVID-19 for the US States by
Analytical study |
Solanki, Ravi, Varshney, et al |
medRxiv |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
The reported recovered cases for many US states are low which could be due to difficulties in keeping track recoveries
and resulted in higher numbers for the reported active cases than the actual numbers on the ground. These incorrect numbers can lead to misleading inferences. In this work, based on the typical range of recovery rate of COVID-19, we estimate the active data
from the total cases and death cases and bring out a correction for the data for all the US states reported on worldometer. |
|
Song, WY, Ding, et al |
Zhonghua yu fang yi xue za zhi Chinese journal of preventive medicine] |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
This paper uses the data of the floating population in each city 15 days before the Lunar New Year in 2020 to establish
a scale-free network model, and the dynamic shear tree algorithm realizes city clustering, and obtains three city modules of black, red and cyan. In the black module, the urban epidemic is the most serious, followed by red, and cyan is the lightest. The black
module includes 9 cities in Zhejiang Province and 8 cities in Guangdong Province, most of which are located in the southeast coastal economic belt. They should be used as key cities for epidemic prevention and control. |
|
|
Post-Anticoagulant D-dimer as a Highly Prognostic Biomarker of
COVID-19 Mortality |
Song, Xiaoyu, Ji, et al |
medRxiv |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
This study determines whether D-dimer levels after anticoagulation treatment is predictive of in-hospital mortality.
Findings show that D-dimer levels and its trend following the initiation of anticoagulation have high and independent predictive value for in-hospital mortality. |
|
Loneliness and COVID-19 preventive behaviours among Japanese adults |
Stickley, A, Matsubayashi, et al |
J Public Health (Oxf) |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
We studied the associations between loneliness and COVID-19 preventive behaviours in a sample of the Japanese population.
In linear regression models adjusted for demographic and mental health variables, both dichotomous and continuous loneliness measures were negatively associated with engaging in COVID-19 preventive behaviours. Logistic regression analyses further showed that
loneliness was also associated with reduced odds for a variety of individual preventive behaviours including wearing a mask (odds ratio [OR]: 0.77, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.62–0.95), disinfecting hands (OR: 0.80, 95% CI: 0.67–0.94) and social distancing
when outdoors (OR: 0.75, 95% CI: 0.61–0.92). |
|
Rapid and complete inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 by ultraviolet-C irradiation |
Storm, N, M |
Research Square prepub |
Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI) |
ere, we describe the inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 in both wet and dry format using radiation generated by a commercially
available Signify ultraviolet (UV)-C light source at 254 nm. We show that for contaminated surfaces, only seconds of exposure is required for complete inactivation, allowing for easy implementation in decontamination workflows. |
|
Stuart, RobynM, Abeysuriya, et al |
medRxiv |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Transmission |
Our objective was to evaluate the risk of a new wave of COVID-19 in a setting with ongoing low transmission, high mobility,
and an effective test-and-trace system, under different assumptions about mask uptake. Findings show the policy environment at the end of August is sufficient to slow the rate of epidemic growth, but may not stop the epidemic from growing: we estimate a 20%
chance that NSW will be diagnosing at least 50 new cases per day within five weeks from the date of this analysis. Mandatory mask usage would reduce this to 6-9%. |
|
|
Su, W, Lei, et al |
Medical Journal of Wuhan University |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
This study aims to retrospectively analyze the infectivity and postoperative clinical outcome characteristics of patients
with COVID-19 in the incubation period in the operating room environment. Findings show that Patients with COVID-19 in the incubation period are also highly infectious in the operating room environment, and the protection level of medical staff during the
epidemic should be improved; the stress of anesthesia surgery will increase the condition of patients with coronary pneumonia, worsening the patient’s postoperative outcome, and the outbreak of the epidemic During this period, elective surgery should not be
performed. |
|
|
Sun, Weitao |
bioRxiv |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
This study shows that the host-genome similarity (HGS) of SARS-CoV-2 is significantly higher than that of SARS-CoV,
especially in the ORF6 and ORF8 genes encoding proteins antagonizing innate immunity in vivo. A power law relationship was discovered between the HGS of ORF3b, ORF6, and N and the expression of interferon (IFN)-sensitive response element (ISRE)-containing
promoters. This finding implies that high HGS of SARS-CoV-2 genome may further inhibit IFN I synthesis and cause delayed host innate immunity. An ORF1ab mutation, 10818G>T, which occurred in virus populations with high HGS but rarely in low-HGS populations,
was identified in 2594 genomes with geolocations of China, the USA and Europe. The 10818G>T caused the amino acid mutation M37F in the transmembrane protein nsp6. The results suggest that the ORF6 and ORF8 genes and the mutation M37F may play important roles
in causing COVID-19. The findings demonstrate that HGS analysis is a promising way to identify important genes and mutations in adaptive strains, which may help in searching potential targets for pharmaceutical agents. |
|
|
A hybrid fractional optimal control for a novel Coronavirus (2019-nCov) mathematical model |
Sweilam, NH, Al-Mekhlafi, et al |
Journal of Advanced Research |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
A novel mathematical model of Corona virus with new hybrid fractional operator derivative are presented. Three control
variables are presented to minimize the number of infected population. Necessary control conditions are derived. Two numerical methods are constructed to study the behavior of the obtained fractional optimality system. The stability of the proposed methods
are proved. Numerical simulations and comparative studies are given. |
|
Stochastic modelling for predicting COVID-19 prevalence in East Africa Countries |
Takele, R |
Infectious Disease Modelling |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
This study, therefore, aimed to apply the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) modeling approach for projecting
coronavirus (COVID-19) prevalence patterns in East Africa Countries, mainly Ethiopia, Djibouti, Sudan and Somalia. The results of the study, then, showed that in the coming four month, the number of COVID-19 positive people in Ethiopia may reach up to 56,610
from 5,846 on June 30, 2020 in average-rate scenario. However, in worst case scenario forecast, the model showed that the cases will be around 84,497. The analysis further depicted that with average interventions and control scenario, cumulative number of
infected persons in Djibouti, Somalia and Sudan will increase from 4,656, 2,904 and 9,258 respectively at the end of June to 8,336, 3,961 and 21,388, which is by the end of October, 2020, after four-months. But, with insufficient intervention, the number of
infected persons may grow quickly and reach up to 14,072, 10,037 and 38,174 in Djibouti, Somalia and Sudan respectively. |
|
Tan, JY, Sim, et al |
J Med Virol |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
In our retrospective cohort study comparing clinical presentation of COVID‐19 and other respiratory viral infections,
we found that anosmia and dysgeusia were symptoms independently associated with COVID‐19 and can be important differentiating symptoms in patients presenting with acute respiratory illness. On the other hand, laboratory abnormalities and radiological findings
were not statistically different between the 2 groups. In comparing outcomes, patients with COVID‐19 were more likely to need high dependency or intensive care unit care, and had longer median length of stay. |
|
|
Teesing, GR, van Straten, et al |
Journal of Hospital Infection |
Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI) |
We determined the effectiveness of readily available materials and models for making a face mask. The outcomes were
compared with N95/FFP2/KN95 masks that entered the Netherlands in April–May 2020. Fourteen of the 25 (combinations of) materials filtered at least 35% of 0.3-μm particles. Four of the materials proved hydrophobic, all commercially manufactured filters. Two
models sealed the face. Twenty-two of the 25 materials were breathable at <0.7 mbar. None of the hydrophobic materials stayed intact after washing. It would be possible to reduce the reproduction rate of SARS-CoV-2 from 2.4 to below one if 39% of the population
would wear a mask made from ePM₁ 85% commercially manufactured filter fabric and in a duckbill form. Two layers of quilt fabric with a household paper towel as filter is also a viable choice for protecting the user and the environment. |
|
|
Development of SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Specific Monoclonal Antibodies |
Terry, JamesS, Anderson, et al |
bioRxiv |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Animal model | Modèle animal |
In this work we developed and characterized a series of new mouse monoclonal antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid
protein. The anti-nucleocapsid monoclonal antibodies were tested in ELISA, western blot, and immunofluorescence analyses. The variable regions from the heavy and light chains from five select clones were cloned and sequenced, and preliminary epitope mapping
of the sequenced clones was performed. |
|
Thomé, B, Rezende, et al |
Revista brasileira de epidemiologia = Brazilian journal of epidemiology |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
In this study, we estimated the prevalence of risk factors for severe COVID-19 for people living in São Paulo City
according to sociodemographic characteristics and city region using data from a population-based household survey. Prevalence of single risk factors for severe COVID-19 among older adults (≥ 65 years old) were as high as 58% (hypertension), whereas for younger
adults (< 65 years old) obesity was the most prevalent risk factor (21%). In general, risk factors were more prevalent among older adults, with two exceptions: obesity and smoking were more prevalent in younger adults . Among less educated adults, that is,
those who had no formal education reported, 86% had at least one risk factor for severe COVID-19, as compared to 49% among those with university education initiated. Distribution of risk factors was similar according to income or race. |
|
|
Olfactory gyrus intracerebral hemorrhage in a patient with COVID-19 infection |
Thu, SS, Matin, et al |
Journal of Clinical Neuroscience |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We present a case of non-traumatic intracranial hemorrhage in the olfactory gyrus in a patient who tested positive
for SARS-COV-2. The area of hemorrhage is not a common location for spontaneous hemorrhage. Given that loss of smell is considered a relatively common symptom of this pandemic, it is an intriguing association of COVID-19 and olfactory gyrus ICH for neurotropism
of SARS-CoV2 for olfactory bulb and glia cells through nasal mucosa. |
|
TJ, , AthiraNairD, et al |
Research Square prepub |
Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
This study aimed at in silico screening of phytocompounds from M.oleiera leaf against novel SARS CoV-2 main protease
(Mpro) through molecular docking. When the 19 compounds identified from M.oleifera leaf methanolic extract by Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS/MS) analysis and 5 FDA approved anti-viral drugs were screened in silico with SARS CoV-2 main protease
(Mpro), the following compounds showed top interaction; apigenin-7-O-rutinoside (-8.8 kcal/mol), Mudanpioside (-8.3 kcal/mol), isoquercetin (-8 kcal/mol), isoquercitrin (-8 kcal/mol), quercetin (-7.8 kcal/mol) and dihydroquercetin (-7.8 kcal/mol). Anti-viral
drugs: Raltegravir (-7.2 kcal/mol), Lopinavir-Ritonavir (-7.7 kcal/mol), maraviroc (-8.2 kcal/mol), Nelfinavir (-8.3 kcal/mol) and Tipranavir (-9.2 kcal/mol) also showed active interaction with Mpro. Preliminary phytochemical screening of methanol extract
showed the presence of flavonoids, cardiac glycosides, phenols, coumarins, saponins, steroids and phytosteroids. In vitro antioxidant activity of methanolic extract of M.oleifera also showed greater activity, which would ameliorate the post-COVID secondary
infection. |
|
|
Unusual Brain MRI Pattern in 2 Patients with COVID-19 Acute Respiratory Distress
Syndrome |
Toledano-Massiah, S, Badat, et al |
AJNR Am J Neuroradiol |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We report the cases of 2 patients hospitalized in our intensive care unit with confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 infection
in whom brain MR imaging showed an unusual DWI pattern with nodular and ring-shaped lesions involving the periventricular and deep white matter. We discuss the possible reasons for these findings and their relationship to the infection. |
|
Tomita, Y, Sato, et al |
Vaccine |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Vaccine Research| Recherche sur les vaccins |
We hypothesized that BCG may carry similar T cell epitopes with SARS-CoV-2 and evaluated the hypothesis by utilizing
publicly available database and computer algorithms predicting human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I‐binding peptides. We found that BCG contains similar 9-amino acid sequences with SARS-CoV-2. These closely-related peptides had moderate to high binding affinity
for multiple common HLA class I molecules, suggesting that cross-reactive T cells against SARS-CoV-2 could be generated by BCG vaccination. |
|
|
PMC7368159; COVID-19 in Patients on Maintenance Dialysis
in the Paris Region |
Tortonese, S, Scriabine, et al |
Kidney Int Rep |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Forty-four patients on maintenance dialysis with COVID-19 were referred to our dialysis unit during the COVID-19 epidemic.
Median age was 61 years; 65.9% were men. Comorbidities included hypertension (97.7%), diabetes mellitus (50%), and chronic cardiac (38.6%) and respiratory (27.3%) diseases. Initial symptoms were fever (79.5%), shortness of breath (29.5%), cough (43.2%), and
diarrhea (13.6%). Forty-one (93.2%) were hospitalized and only 3 were maintained on outpatient hemodialysis. Thirty-three (75%) patients required oxygen therapy, including 15 (45.5%) who were referred to the intensive care unit. Overall, 27.3% of patients
died, and 58.5% were discharged from hospital, including only 2 (13.3%) of those admitted to the intensive care unit. By multivariate analysis, cough, thrombopenia <120 g/l, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level greater than 2 times the upper limit of normal,
and blood C-reactive protein (CRP) >175 mg/l were significantly associated with death. |
|
Ad26 vaccine protects against SARS-CoV-2 severe clinical disease in hamsters |
Tostanoski, LH, Wegmann, et al |
Nat Med |
Vaccine Research| Recherche sur les vaccins Animal model | Modèle animal |
Here we show that high-dose intranasal SARS-CoV-2 infection in hamsters results in severe clinical disease, including
high levels of virus replication in tissues, extensive pneumonia, weight loss and mortality in a subset of animals. A single immunization with an adenovirus serotype 26 vector-based vaccine expressing a stabilized SARS-CoV-2 spike protein elicited binding
and neutralizing antibody responses and protected against SARS-CoV-2-induced weight loss, pneumonia and mortality. |
|
Triukose, Sipat Dr, Nitinawarat, et al |
medRxiv |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique |
Here, we illustrate how Thailand tackled the COVID-19 outbreak, particularly the effects of public health interventions
on the epidemiological spread. This study shows how the available data from the outbreak can be analyzed and visualized to quantify the severity of the outbreak, the effectiveness of the interventions, and the level of risk of allowed activities during an
easing of a "lockdown." This study shows how a well-organized governmental apparatus can overcome the havoc caused by a pandemic. |
|
|
Tso, IF, Park, et al |
Psychiatry research |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
We conducted an anonymous online survey of 432 residents in Hong Kong to examine psychological distress in the community.
The results indicate a dire situation with respect to mental health. An astonishing 65.6% (95% C.I. = [60.6%, 70.4%]) of the respondents reported clinical levels of depression, anxiety, and/or stress. Moreover, 22.5% (95% C.I. = [18.2%, 27.2%]) of the respondents
were showing signs of psychosis risk. Subjective feelings of loneliness, but not social network size, were associated with increased psychiatric symptoms. |
|
|
Uhm, JS, Ahn, et al |
International Journal of Infectious Diseases |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Among a total of 396 patients identified (median age 42.5 years, 35.6% male), 68 (17.2%) were assigned to the asymptomatic
group and 328 (82.8%) to the symptomatic group. The time until negative conversion was significantly shorter in the asymptomatic group than in the symptomatic group: median 14.5 days and 18.0 days, respectively (p = 0.001). |
|
|
Mutation in position of 32 (G>U) of S2M differentiate human SARS-CoV2
from Bat Coronavirus |
Vahed, Majid, Vahed, et al |
bioRxiv |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
In this study, the SARS-CoV-2 genomic sequence was analyzed to identify variants within the 3’UTR region of its cis-regulatory
RNA elements. A 43-nucleotide genetic element with a highly conserved stem-loop II-like motif (S2M), was discovered. The research revealed 32 G>U and 16 G>U/A mutations located within the S2M sequence in human SARS-CoV-2 models. These polymorphisms appear
to make the S2M secondary and tertiary structures in human SARS-CoV-2 models less stable when compared to the S2M structures of bat/pangolin models. This grants the RNA structures more flexibility, which could be one of its escape mechanisms from host defenses
or facilitate its entry into host proteins and enzymes. |
|
Valenzuela Nieto, GuillermoE, Jara, et al |
bioRxiv |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
We describe the fast-tracked development of an alpaca Nanobody specific for the receptor-binding-domain (RBD) of the
SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein with therapeutic potential applicability. We present a rapid method for nanobody isolation that includes an optimized immunization regimen coupled with VHH library E. coli surface display, which allows single-step selection of high-affinity
nanobodies using a simple density gradient centrifugation of the bacterial library. The selected single and monomeric Nanobody, W25, binds to the SARS-CoV-2 S RBD with sub-nanomolar affinity and efficiently competes with ACE-2 receptor binding. Furthermore,
W25 potently neutralizes SARS-CoV-2 wild type and the D614G variant with IC50 values in the nanomolar range, demonstrating its potential as antiviral agent. |
|
|
Neighborhood conditions and the initial outbreak
of COVID-19: the case of Louisiana |
van Holm, EJ, Wyczalkowski, et al |
J Public Health (Oxf) |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
This paper assesses the predictors of outbreaks at the neighborhood level. Using data from the Louisiana Department
of Health, we use spatial regression models to analyze the case count through 3 May 2020 and its relationship to individual and geographic neighborhood characteristics at the census tract level. We find a particularly strong and large correlation between race
and COVID-19 cases, robust to model specification and spatial autocorrelation. In addition, neighborhoods with lower rates of poverty and those with fewer residents over 70 have fewer cases. |
|
Vasudevan, Harish, Xu, et al |
medRxiv |
Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes |
Here, we investigate the use of digital droplet PCR (ddPCR) for SARS-CoV-2 viral load measurement directly from crude
lysate without nucleic acid purification. We demonstrate ddPCR accurately quantifies SARS-CoV-2 standards from purified RNA and multiple sample matrices, including commonly utilized universal transport medium (UTM). In addition, we find ddPCR functions robustly
at low input viral copy numbers on nasopharyngeal swab specimens stored in UTM without upfront RNA extraction. We also show ddPCR, but not qPCR, from crude lysate shows high concordance with viral load measurements from purified RNA. Our data suggest ddPCR
offers advantages to qPCR for SARS-CoV-2 detection with higher sensitivity and robustness when using crude lysate rather than purified RNA as input. |
|
|
Veerabathini, BC, Manthani, et al |
Cureus |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Moraxella osleonsis (M.osleonsis ) is an organism that rarely presents with bacteremia in immunocompetent patients.
We report a case of an immunocompetent 59-year-old male with a recent SARS-CoV-2 infection that developed M. osleonsis bacteremia. We believe that SARS-CoV-2 infection may have played a role in developing M. osleonsis bacteremia in this patient and may be
one of the first reported cases of such bacteremia in a COVID-19 patient. |
|
|
In silico dynamics of COVID-19 phenotypes for optimizing clinical management |
Voutouri, C, N |
Research Square prepub |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
. We developed a comprehensive mathematical framework based on the known mechanisms of the SARS-CoV-2 virus infection,
incorporating the renin-angiotensin system and ACE2, which the virus exploits for cellular entry, key elements of the innate and adaptive immune responses, the role of inflammatory cytokines and the coagulation cascade for thrombus formation. The model predicts
the evolution of viral load, immune cells, cytokines, thrombosis, and oxygen saturation based on patient baseline condition and the presence of co-morbidities. Model predictions were validated with clinical data from healthy people and COVID-19 patients, and
the results were used to gain insight into identified risk factors of disease progression including older age, co-morbidities such as obesity, diabetes, and hypertension, and dysregulated immune response. We then simulated treatment with various drug classes
to identify optimal therapeutic protocols. We found that the outcome of any treatment depends on the sustained response rate of activated CD8+ T cells and sufficient control of the innate immune response. Furthermore, the best treatment –or combination of
treatments – depends on the pre-infection health status of the patient. |
|
Wang, M, Zhu, et al |
Infection, Genetics and Evolution |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Clinical data of 46 patients with severe COVID-19 and 31 patients with critical COVID-19 were collected. The initial
and peak concentrations of cTnI, D-Dimer (D-D), CRP, IL-6, procalcitonin (PCT), initial and peak neutrophil counts in critical group were higher than those in severe group, the initial and trough counts of lymphocyte were lower than those in the severe group.
Except for the initial level of PCT, the other differences were statistically significant (p < 0.05). The increase of cTnI, D-D, CRP, IL-6, PCT, neutrophils and the decrease of lymphocytes were related to the severity of the disease, OR values were 28.80,
2.20, 18.47, 10.80, 52.00, 9.60 and 21.08, respectively. Except for D-D, the other differences were statistically significant. |
|
|
Wang, W, Xin, et al |
Chest |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Healthcare Response |
Réponse des soins de santé |
This study retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 421 patients with COVID-19 admitted to a mobile cabin hospital
in Wuhan from February 9, 2020, to March 5, 2020. Of the patients who were discharged from the cabin hospital, 362 (86.0%) were categorized as recovered; 14.0% developed severe symptoms and were transferred to a designated hospital. The most common presenting
symptoms were fever (60.6%) and cough (52.0%); 5.2% exhibited no obvious symptoms. High fever (> 39.0°C) was more common in severe cases than in recovered cases (18.6% vs 6.6%). The distribution of lung lesions was peripheral in 85.0% of patients, multifocal
in 69.4%, and bilateral in 68.2%. The most common pattern was ground-glass opacity (67.7%), followed by patchy shadowing (49.2%). The incidence of patchy shadowing was higher in patients with severe disease (66.1%) than in those who recovered (31.8%, P < .0001).
The median length of hospitalization was 17 days (interquartile range, 14-19 days), and the median time taken for positive real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction results to become negative in recovered patients was 8 days (interquartile
range, 6-10 days). |
|
|
Job Tension and Emotional Sensitivity to COVID-19 Public Messaging and Risk Perception |
Warden, CA, Warden, et al |
Popul Health Manag |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
This study explores a potential side effect of a successful antivirus public health messaging campaign, when employees
are back at work but the virus threat has not disappeared.. The authors surveyed office employees in Shanghai. This study examines the relationship of pandemic public messaging sensitivity with tension and negative emotions on the job. Results show employees
are differentially affected by the pandemic background noise. Those more sensitive to social-level virus risks and more open to reference group influence report increased levels of negative emotions and work tension. |
|
Early detection of seasonality and second waves prediction in the
Covid-19 pandemic |
Watanabe, Marcio Alves de Souza |
medRxiv |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
In this study, we use statistical methods to show how to detect the presence of seasonality in a pandemic at the beginning
of the seasonal period and that seasonality strongly affects SARS-coV-2 transmission. We measure the expected seasonality effect in the mean transmission rate of SARS-coV-2 and use available data to predict when a second wave of the Covid-19 will happen. In
addition, we measure the average global effect of social distancing measures. The seasonal force of transmission of Covid-19 increases in September in the Northern hemisphere and in April in the Southern hemisphere. |
|
Watkins, AnneE, Fenichel, et al |
medRxiv |
Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes |
Here, we investigated the potential of pooling saliva samples by 5, 10, and 20 samples prior to RNA extraction and
RT-qPCR detection of SARS-CoV-2. Based on samples tested, we conservatively estimated a reduction of 7.41%, 11.11%, and 14.81% sensitivity, for each of the pool sizes, respectively. Using these estimates we modeled anticipated changes in RT-qPCR cycle threshold
to show the practical impact of pooling on results of SARS-CoV-2 testing. In tested populations with greater than 3% prevalence, testing samples in pools of 5 requires the least overall number of tests. Below 1% however, pools of 10 or 20 are more beneficial
and likely more supportive of ongoing surveillance strategies. |
|
|
Westblade, LarsF, Brar, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We measured SARS-CoV-2 viral load using cycle threshold (CT) values from reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction
assays applied to nasopharyngeal swab specimens in 100 patients with cancer and 2914 without cancer admitted to three New York City hospitals. Overall, the in-hospital mortality rate was 39.5% among patients with a high viral load (CT<25), 25.6% among patients
with a medium viral load (CT 25-30), and 15.7% among patients with a low viral load (CT>30; P<0.001). Similar findings were observed in patients with cancer (high, 45.0% mortality; medium, 29.2%; low, 13.9%; P=0.003). Patients with hematologic malignancies
had higher median viral loads (CT=25.0) than patients without cancer (CT=29.2; P=0.0039). |
|
|
PI3K/mTOR and topoisomerase inhibitors with potential activity
against SARS-CoV-2 infection |
White, James Robert, Foote, et al |
medRxiv |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
We performed a statistical evaluation of in vitro gene expression profiles reflecting exposure to 1,835 drugs, and
found topoisomerase inhibitors and PI3K/mTOR pathway inhibitors among the strongest candidates for reduced expression of ACE2, a host gene associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Retrospective clinical data suggest that patients on these agents may be less likely
to test positive for SARS-CoV-2. |
|
Willner, P, Rose, et al |
J Appl Res Intellect Disabil |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
Informal carers (mainly parents) of children and adults with intellectual disabilities, and a comparison group of parents
of children without disabilities, completed an online questionnaire. Almost all the data were collected while strict lockdown conditions were in place. Relative to carers of children without intellectual disability, carers of both children and adults with
intellectual disability had significantly greater levels of a wish fulfilment coping style, defeat/entrapment, anxiety, and depression. Differences were 2‐3 times greater than reported in earlier pre‐pandemic studies. Positive correlations were found between
objective stress scores and all mental health outcomes. |
|
|
Wilson, TE, Mulye, et al |
Adv Physiol Educ |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
We describe our experience in building a 2-wk course that consisted of online small groups during week 1 and panels
and cases during week 2. This virtually delivered medical curriculum related to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and COVID-19 is timely, carries high student interest, and can benefit medical students and the communities they serve. |
|
|
Wu, Kuan-HanH, Hornsby, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Public Health response|
Interventions de santé publique |
We surveyed 8,047 Michigan Medicine biorepository participants in late June 2020 to evaluate diagnoses of COVID-19
(N=133), symptoms, exposure, and clinical risk factors as well as the impact on health behaviors and level of concern. Based on survey results, we found that 58% of COVID-19 cases reported no known exposure to family members or to someone outside the house
diagnosed with COVID-19. A significantly higher rate of COVID-19 cases were employed as essential workers. COVID-19 cases reporting a fever were more likely to require hospitalization, whereas respondents reporting rhinorrhea was less likely to require hospitalization.
African-Americans reported higher rates of being diagnosed with COVID-19, as well as higher rates of an annual household income < $40,000, living in rental housing, exposure to family or someone outside the household diagnosed with COVID-19, and chronic diseases.
During the Executive Order in Michigan, African Americans, women, and the lowest income group reported worsening health behaviors and higher overall concern for the potential detrimental effects of the pandemic. |
|
|
Wu, S, Li, et al |
Comprehensive psychiatry |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the mental state of medical staff and medical students in the early
stages of the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak, as well as analyze the risk factors of serious mental illness (SMI). The independent risk factors for SMI among them are suspicion that they or relatives were infected with the SARS-CoV-2, greater interest in media reports
about the epidemic, frequency of recent dreams related to SARS-CoV-2, difficulty in controlling emotions during the epidemic, and hours spent watching outbreaks per day. |
|
|
Wu, S, Wu, et al |
IEEE Trans Ultrason Ferroelectr Freq Control |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
We attempted to apply a protocol using teleultrasound which is supported by 5G network, to explore the feasibility
of solving the problem of early imaging assessment of COVID-19. Four male patients with confirmed or suspected COVID-19 were hospitalized in isolation wards in two different cities. Ultrasound specialists, located in two other different cities, carried out
the robot-assisted teleultrasound. Whenever difficulties of remote manipulation and diagnosis occurred, alternative examination was repeated by specialist from another city. The practice of teleultrasound protocol makes early diagnosis and repeated assessment
available in isolation ward. |
|
|
Xi, W, Xu, et al |
J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
We explored the portrayal of older adults and the public response to topics concerning older adults during the COVID-19
pandemic in Chinese social media (Weibo topics). "Older adults contributing to the community" was the most prominent theme with the highest average comment frequency per topic. "Older patients in hospitals" was the second most prominent theme, and the most
dominant theme in the second and third stages of the pandemic. The percentage of topics with the themes "Care recipients" and "Older adults caring for the young" increased over time. |
|
|
Xiang, Fangfei, Sun, et al |
medRxiv |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
This study evaluated the association of FIB-4 with COVID-19 outcomes. FIB-4 at early-stage of COVID-19 disease had
an independent and dose-dependent association with adverse outcomes during hospitalization. FIB-4 provided significant prognostic value to adverse outcomes among COVID-19 patients. |
|
|
Xiao, Jing, Jiang, et al |
medRxiv |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
We evaluated the change in mental health and sleep quality of college students at four time periods during the COVID-19
pandemic. Psychology interventions were carried out from the third period. After adjustment for covariates there was a decline of 1.89 points in the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index in the fourth period compared with the highest period. The decline in scores
from the Symptom Checklist-90Revised questionnaire was 23.38 points after adjustment for covariates in the fourth period. The prevalence of psychological distress and sleep disturbances respectively decreased from 28.6% to 11.7% and from 10.4% to 2.6% comparing
to the highest period. Sleep quality showed a significant positive correlation with mental health status. |
|
|
Mental distress in orthodontic patients during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic |
Xiong, X, Wu, et al |
American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
The objective of the study was to evaluate the mental health of orthodontic patients in China during the early stage
of the pandemic. Over one-third of orthodontic patients experienced mental distress during the pandemic. Multiple factors affected the level of anxiety of orthodontic patients, such as the type of orthodontic appliance, time since last dental visit, manner
of communication with the orthodontist, and the localities of the pandemic progression. |
|
Yan, X, Han, et al |
Frontiers in Medicine |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
This retrospective case series reviews the clinical characteristics and prognosis of 218 Patients With COVID-19. The
majority of patients in this case series were clinically classified as having moderate COVID-19. Older patients tended to present with greater levels of clinical severity. The prognosis for patients who were elderly or had diabetes or other chronic comorbidities
was relatively poor. |
|
|
Yang, LQ, Cao, et al |
Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection
d'agents pathogènes |
This study aimed to determine the concordance between CT and nucleic acid testing in diagnosing coronavirus disease
(COVID-19) outside its district of origin (Wuhan, China). Multiple ground-glass opacities (GGOs), with or without consolidation, were observed on the initial CT scans of 19 patients (82.6%), whereas the remaining 4 (17.4%) showed no CT abnormalities, indicating
that the initial chest CT findings were not entirely concordant with the nucleic acid test results in diagnosing COVID-19. Abnormal CT findings were found more frequently in patients who had been exposed to COVID-19 in its district of origin. |
|
|
Investigating the psychological consequences of the COVID-19 outbreak in the occupational society |
Yarandi, MS, Gholami, et al |
Journal of Military Medicine |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
This study was designed and conducted to investigate the psychological consequences of the prevalence of COVID-19 on
the occupational community in Iran. The findings of this study showed that the prevalence of COVID-19 has imposed many negative effects on the psychological components of the occupational community such as lifestyle and burnout. |
|
The reliability and success of peritoneal dialysis during the COVID-19 pandemic |
Yeter, HH, O |
Research Square prepub |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the symptoms, changes in laboratory findings during the COVID-19 pandemic,
and the effect of depression on symptoms associated with end-stage kidney disease in patients with peritoneal dialysis (PD). None of the patients were diagnosed with COVID-19. Moderate to severe depression was associated with dyspnea, weight gain, fatigue,
palpitation, and increased anxiety. |
|
MDA5 Governs the Innate Immune Response to SARS-CoV-2 in Lung Epithelial Cells |
Yin, Xin, Riva, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Immunology | Immunologie |
Here, we find that SARS-CoV-2 replication induces a delayed interferon (IFN) response in lung epithelial cells. Through
a survey of putative sensors involved in detection of RNA virus infection, we found that MDA5 and LGP2 primarily regulate IFN induction in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Additionally, we find that IRF-3, -5, and NF-kB/p65 are the key transcription factors
regulating the IFN response during SARS-CoV-2 infection. |
|
Equivalent SARS-CoV-2 viral loads between nasopharyngeal swab and
saliva in symptomatic patients |
Yokota, Isao, Hattori, et al |
medRxiv |
Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes |
We conducted a study to compare the viral loads of nasopharyngeal (NPS) and saliva specimens in 42 patients with COVID-19.
SARS-CoV-2 was detected in 34 (81%) using NPS and 38 (90%) using saliva. There was no significance difference between them and Kendall's W was 0.82, showing a high degree of agreement, indicating equivalent viral loads in NPS and saliva. After symptom onset,
the Ct values of both NPS and saliva continued to increase over time, with no substantial difference. |
|
Young, Stephen, Taylor, et al |
medRxiv |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection
d'agents pathogènes |
The clinical performance of the BD Veritor System for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2 antigen (Veritor test), a chromatographic
immunoassay that detects the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid antigen, was evaluated on nasal specimens from patients with suspected symptoms of COVID-19. The Veritor test met FDA-EUA acceptance criteria for SARS-CoV-2 antigen testing (>=80% PPA point estimate) for
the 0-5 and 0-6 DSO ranges. In addition, the Veritor and Sofia tests showed a high degree of agreement for detection of SARS-CoV-2. The Veritor test should facilitate rapid and reliable results for COVID-19 diagnosis. |
|
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32854513; Incidence and Risk Factors of Deep Vein Thrombosis in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients |
Yu, Y, Tu, et al |
Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Here, we aimed to assess the incidence rate and risk factors of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in patients with COVID-19.
This study revealed that a high number of patients with COVID-19 developed DVT. This was observed particularly in critically ill patients with high D-dimer levels who required no anticoagulant medication |
|
Rapid 'mix and read' assay for scalable detection of SARS-CoV-2
antibodies in patient plasma |
Yue, Hong, Nowak, et al |
medRxiv |
Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes |
Here, we describe the development of a rapid homogenous serological assay for the detection of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2
in patient plasma. We show that the fluorescence-based assay accurately detects seroconversion in COVID-19 patients from less than 1 microliter of plasma. Using a cohort of samples from COVID-19 infected or healthy individuals, we demonstrate detection with
100% sensitivity and specificity. |
|
Zala, D, Mosweu, et al |
Value in Health |
Economics | Économie |
This study aims to cost and calculate the relative cost-effectiveness of the hypothetical suppression policies found
in the Imperial College COVID-19 Response Team model. Imperial model projected suppression polices compared to an unmitigated pandemic, even with the most pessimistic national income loss scenarios under suppression (10%), give incremental cost-effectiveness
ratios below £50 000 per QALY. Assuming a maximum reduction in national income of 7.75%, incremental cost-effectiveness ratios for Imperial model projected suppression versus mitigation are below 60 000 per QALY. |
|
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Onset of effects of non-pharmaceutical interventions on COVID-19
worldwide |
Zeilinger, Elisabeth Lucia, Nader, et al |
medRxiv |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health
interventions*| Interventions de santé publique |
We used global data and a non-parametric machine learning model to estimate the effects of non-pharmaceutical interventions
(NPIs) in relation to how long they have been in place. Here we show that closure and regulation of schools was the most important NPI, associated with a pronounced effect about 10 days after implementation. Restrictions of mass gatherings and restrictions
and regulations of businesses were found to have a more gradual effect, and social distancing was associated with a delayed effect starting about 18 days after implementation. Generally, effects increased until about 40 to 50 days after implementation. |
|
Zhang, BN, Wang, et al |
Zhonghua yan ke za zhi] Chinese journal of ophthalmology |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Animal model | Modèle animal |
The purpose of this study was to analyze the expression of human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and transmembrane
serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2) and explore the basis of the new coronavirus infection in the eye. Among the 6 eye tissues in mice, the expression of ACE2 gene and TMPRSS2 was highest in the conjunctiva, suggesting that the conjunctiva is the main target tissue
for the new coronavirus eye infection. |
|
|
Zhang, H, Cha, et al |
International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
Telemedicine was rapidly implemented for initial consultations and radiation treatment planning in the wake of the
coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. In this study, we explore utilization of and physician perspectives on this approach in an attempt to identify patient populations that may benefit most from virtual care. Among radiation oncologists in an academic
setting, telemedicine was perceived to be highly appropriate and acceptable for most patients. |
|
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Clinical features and outcomes of seven patients with COVID-19 in a family cluster |
Zhang, Y, Zhang, et al |
BMC Infect Dis |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Transmission Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We retrospectively reviewed 7 confirmed cases from one family cluster. Patient 1 had been in close contact with someone
who was later confirmed to have COVID-19 in Wuhan City before he returned back to his hometown. He had dinner with 6 other members in his family. All the persons developed COVID-19 successively except for one older woman who neither had dinner with them nor
shared a sleeping room with her husband. Six patients had mild or moderate COVID-19 but one older man with underlying diseases progressed into the severe type. After general and symptomatic treatments, all the patients recovered |
|
Zhang, Zhen, Bi, et al |
medRxiv |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection
d'agents pathogènes Immunology | Immunologie |
The objective of this cohort study was to assess the practical performance of RT-PCR based surveillance protocols,
and the extent of undetected SARS-CoV-2 transmission in Shenzhen, China. The adjusted seropositivity rate for total Ab among 880 PCR-negative close-contacts was 4.1% (95%CI, 2.9% to 5.7%), significantly higher than among residents without known exposure to
cases (0.0%, 95%CI, 0.0% to 1.0%). RT-PCR missed 36% of infected close-contacts, and false negative rates appear to be highly dependent on stage of infection. |
|
|
Zhao, Xiang-Na, You, et al |
bioRxiv |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Immunology | Immunologie |
Here, we performed longitudinal single-cell transcriptome sequencing and T cell/B cell receptor sequencing on 3 healthy
donors and 10 COVID-19 patients with asymptomatic, moderate, and severe conditions. Our data suggest early innate immune response and type I immunity may contribute to the asymptomatic phenotype in COVID-19 disease, which could in turn deepen our understanding
of severe COVID-19 and guide early prediction and therapeutics. |
|
|
Zhao-Ling, Q, Li, et al |
Academic Journal of Second Military Medical University |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
The objective of this study was to identify key amino acid variations of major proteins from severe acute respiratory
syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) by biophysical methods. At least ten amino acid variations that affect the possible electrostatic interactions were identified in RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), exoribonuclease (ExoN), uridylate-specific endoribonuclease
(NendoU), and spike (S) protein from SARS-CoV-2. These variations may affect the spatial conformation and biological functions of the proteins. |
|
|
Zhou, X, Zhong, et al |
Sci China Life Sci |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
Here we report the first structure of the main protease (Mpro) for SARS-CoV-2 in the apo state under conditions close
to the physiological state (pH 7.5) to an overall resolution of 1.9 Å. The comparisons of Mpro in different states reveal that the substrate binding site and the active site are more flexible in the apo state than that in the ligand-bound structures. Our structure
does reveal that for drug discovery campaigns, the molecules embedded in the oxyanion hole and the corresponding interactions should be taken into consideration. |
|
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Fertility intentions among couples in Shanghai under COVID-19: A cross-sectional study |
Zhu, C, Wu, et al |
Int J Gynaecol Obstet |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
The objective of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate fertility intentions among couples in Shanghai under the
novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) pandemic against the backdrop of persistently low fertility. Under the influence of COVID-19, 66.2% of participants did not change their original fertility intention to have children, while 33.8% of participants were
affected by the outbreak. Participants who believed in government and hospital control policies were less likely to change their intention to become pregnant. In contrast, concerns about the impact of COVID-19 on female and fetal health led participants to
cancel their original pregnancy plans. |
|
32842292; Analysis on the cluster epidemic of coronavirus disease 2019 in Guangdong
Province |
Zhuang, YL, Zhang, et al |
Zhonghua yu fang yi xue za zhi Chinese journal of preventive medicine] |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Transmission Clinical data| Données cliniques |
The purpose of this study was to analyze the characteristics of the cluster of novel coronavirus pneumonia in Guangdong
Province. During January 15 to February 29, the secondary attack rate is 2.86% in Guangdong Province, the family secondary attack rate was 4.84%, and the non-family secondary attack rate was 1.32%. According to the reporting trend of the number of cases in
Guangdong Province, it can be divided into four stages, the rising stage, the high platform stage, the descending stage and the low level fluctuation period. The secondary attack rate of the four stages were 3.5%, 2.3%, 2.6%, and 1.3%, respectively. |
|
Zou, L, Dai, et al |
Frontiers in Medicine |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
The objective of this retrospective study was to describe the clinical manifestations and outcomes of COVID-19, and
explore the risk factors of deterioration and death of the disease in China. Severe cases and death of COVID-19 were associated with older age, comorbidities, organ dysfunction, lymphopenia, high cytokines, and weak immune responses. |
|
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PMC7462739; The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on firms: a survey in Guangdong Province, China |
Zou, P, Huo, et al |
Glob Health Res Policy |
Economics | Économie |
To understand the impact of the pandemic on firms in China and suggest public policies to deal with the negative effects,
we investigated firms in Guangdong Province. 48.7% of firms maintained stability, and 35.1% experienced a halt in operation or faced closure. Nearly 70-90% already exploit online commerce or are willing to do so, and also remote office work, and digital operations.
46% believe that they will certainly incur losses for 2020, and 83.5% expect the city's GDP to decrease. |
|
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Euro Surveill |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 community-wide transmission declined in Spain by early May 2020, being
replaced by outbreaks and sporadic cases. From mid-June to 2 August, excluding single household outbreaks, 673 outbreaks were notified nationally, 551 active (>6,200 cases) at the time. More than half of these outbreaks and cases coincided with: (i) social
(family/friends' gatherings or leisure venues) and (ii) occupational (mainly involving workers in vulnerable conditions) settings. Control measures were accordingly applied. |
|
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Disability, deadly discourse, and collectivity amid coronavirus (COVID-19) |
Abrams, T, Abbott, et al |
Scandinavian Journal of Disability Research |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
|
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Aldossari, KK |
Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Ali, S, Farooq, et al |
Eur J Dent |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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COVID-19 and the elderly with chronic diseases: Narrative review |
Alipoor, ZJ, Fotokian, et al |
Journal of Military Medicine |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Al-Sharif, E, Strianese, et al |
Int Ophthalmol |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Targeting COVID-19 in Parkinson's patients: Drugs repurposed |
Anwar, F, Naqvi, et al |
Curr Med Chem |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
|
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The Estimation of Diagnostic Accuracy of Tests for COVID-19: A Scoping Review |
Axell-House, D, Lavingia, et al |
J Infect |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
ScR: conducted a systematic search in MEDLINE (Ovid), EMBASE (Elsevier), Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, and PubMed
of English-language articles published December 31, 2019-June 19, 2020. Employing standardized guidelines for study designs and statistical methods will improve the process for developing and validating rRT-PCR and NAAT for the diagnosis of COVID-19. |
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Addressing competency requirements of social work students during the COVID-19 pandemic in
Malaysia |
Azman, A, Singh, et al |
Social Work Education |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
|
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COVID-19 and tuberculosis co-infection: a neglected paradigm |
Bandyopadhyay, A, Palepu, et al |
Monaldi Arch Chest Dis |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Barnett, BP, Wahlin, et al |
Vision (Basel) |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Battaglini, D, Brunetti, et al |
Frontiers in Neurology |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Beressa, Tamirat Bekele, Sahilu, et al |
medRxiv |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
SR-MA: Electronic databases; PubMed/Medline, CINAHL, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, clinical trial.gov,
and Google Scholar were searched from 2019 to June 1, 2020. Conclusion: This study supports RAAS inhibitors safe use among COVID-19 patients with hypertension.
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Plants Metabolites: Possibility of Natural Therapeutics Against the COVID-19 Pandemic |
Bhuiyan, FR, Howlader, et al |
Frontiers in Medicine |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Bunders, MJ, Altfeld, et al |
Immunity |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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The Impact of Pre-existing Comorbidities and Therapeutic Interventions on COVID-19 |
Callender, LA, Curran, et al |
Frontiers in Immunology |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Antimicrobial resistance in ICUs: an update in the light of the COVID-19 pandemic |
Cantón, R, Gijón, et al |
Curr Opin Crit Care |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Bias and Racism Teaching Rounds at an Academic Medical Center |
Capers, Q, Bond, et al |
Chest |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Capotosto, L, Nguyen, et al |
Echocardiography |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Immigration, Law, and (In)Justice: Coronavirus and Its Impact on Immigration |
Caraballo, K |
International Criminal Justice Review |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Molecular Pathogenesis, Immunopathogenesis and Novel Therapeutic Strategy Against COVID-19 |
Chatterjee, SK, Saha, et al |
Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Chtourou, H, Trabelsi, et al |
Frontiers in Psychology |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Public sector crises: Realizations from Covid-19 for crisis communi-cation |
Coombs, WT |
Partecipazione e Conflitto |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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The role of IL-6 and other mediators in the cytokine storm associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection |
Copaescu, A, Smibert, et al |
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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The role of air pollution (PM and NO2) in COVID-19 spread and lethality: A systematic review |
Copat, C, Cristaldi, et al |
Environmental research |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
SR: major findings are consistent, highlighting the important contribution of PM2.5 and NO2 as triggering of the COVID-19
spread and lethality, and with a less extent also PM10, although the potential effect of airborne virus exposure it has not been still demonstrated. |
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Multivitamins for acute respiratory tract infections: a rapid review |
Cramer, H, Hannan, et al |
Advances in Integrative Medicine |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
Rapid Review: Medline (Ovid), AMED (Ovid), CINAHL (EBSCO), EMBASE (Ovid) were searched from their inception through
May 11, 2020. Based on the available evidence, multivitamin supplementation does not appear to reduce the incidence of ARTI or mortality. |
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Crisan-Dabija, R, Pavel, et al |
J Proteome Res |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and immune system profile in specific subgroups with COVID-19 |
de Barcelos Ubaldo Martins, L, Jabour, et al |
Curr Med Chem |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Could seasonal influenza vaccination influence COVID-19 risk? |
De wals, Philippe, Divangahi, et al |
medRxiv |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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del Pilar Estevez-Diz, M, Bonadio, et al |
ecancermedicalscience |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Features of severe COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis |
Del Sole, F, Farcomeni, et al |
European journal of clinical investigation |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
SR-MA: PubMed, ISI Web of Science, SCOPUS and Cochrane databases were searched. Characteristics associated with the
severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection may allow an early identification and management of patients with poor outcomes. |
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COVID-19 and cardiovascular consequences: Is the endothelial dysfunction the hardest challenge? |
Del Turco, S, Vianello, et al |
Thrombosis research |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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COVID-19 and Venous Thromboembolism: A Meta-analysis of Literature Studies |
Di Minno, A, Ambrosino, et al |
Semin Thromb Hemost |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
MA: The rate of thromboembolic complications in COVID-19 patients is definitely high. Considering the risk of fatal
and disabling complications, adequate screening procedures and antithrombotic strategies should be implemented. |
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Díaz-Guio, DA, Díaz-Guio, et al |
Current Tropical Medicine Reports |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Core outcomes sets for studies evaluating critical illness and patient recovery |
Dinglas, VD, Cherukuri, et al |
Curr Opin Crit Care |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Vaccine Against Covid-19 Disease - Present Status of Development |
Dutta, AK |
Indian J Pediatr |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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PMC7462115; Potential Diagnostic Systems for Coronavirus Detection: a Critical Review |
Ekrami, E, Pouresmaieli, et al |
Biol Proced Online |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Pemphigus and COVID-19: Critical overview of management with a focus on treatment choice |
Elmas Ö, F, Demirbaş, et al |
Dermatol Ther |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Engel Gonzalez, P, Omar, et al |
Circ Cardiovasc Interv |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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32842818; Understanding the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and management of SARS-CoV-2 |
Fadaka, AO, Sibuyi, et al |
Journal of International Medical Research |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Impact of Hydroxychloroquine/Chloroquine in COVID-19 Therapy: Two Sides of the Coin |
Fatima, U, Rizvi, et al |
J Interferon Cytokine Res |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Coronavirus Interplay With Lipid Rafts and Autophagy Unveils Promising Therapeutic Targets |
Fecchi, K, Anticoli, et al |
Frontiers in Microbiology |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Firth, A, Prathapan, et al |
European journal of medicinal chemistry |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Flew, T, Kirkwood, et al |
Media International Australia |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Furman, EG |
Pediatriya - Zhurnal im G.N.Speranskogo |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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ACE2: A Linkage for the Interplay Between COVID-19
and Decompensated Cirrhosis |
Gao, F, Zheng, et al |
Am J Gastroenterol |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Gillman-Wells, C, Sankar, et al |
Aesthetic Plast Surg |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Giri, A, Das, et al |
Genes Environ |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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The association between ABO blood group and SARS-CoV-2 infection:
a meta-analysis |
Golinelli, Davide, Boetto, et al |
medRxiv |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
MA: search on MEDLINE and LitCovid databases for studies published through July 15, 2020. The results of our meta-analysis
indicate that SARS-CoV-2 positive individuals are more likely to have blood group A and less likely to have blood group O.
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Goudouris, ES |
J Pediatr (Rio J) |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Gulko, E, Oleksk, et al |
AJNR Am J Neuroradiol |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Hariyanto, TI, Kurniawan, et al |
Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research and Reviews |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
MA: searched the Google Scholar database using specific keywords related to our aims until August 1st, 2020. Statin
use did not improve in-hospital outcomes of COVID-19 infections. Patients with dyslipidemia should continue taking statin drugs despite COVID-19 infection status.
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Asthma and COVID-19: review of evidence on risks and management considerations |
Hartmann-Boyce, J, Gunnell, et al |
BMJ Evid Based Med |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Hay, M, Barnes, et al |
Curr Hypertens Rep |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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He, L, Yang, et al |
Med Educ |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
SR-MA: systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from January 2000 to
March 2020 searched on nine electronic databases, including Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Embase, CINAHL, ERIC, PsycInfo, ProQuest Dissertations & Theses. SDE was not significantly different from traditional education in effectiveness and
had higher satisfaction ratings. Our findings might provide indications for adoptions of online remote education in health science education centers. |
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The Collision of Meta-Inflammation and SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic Infection |
Huizinga, GP, Singer, et al |
Endocrinology |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Beyond Dexamethasone, Emerging Immuno-Thrombotic Therapies for COVID-19 |
Jensen, MP, George, et al |
Br J Clin Pharmacol |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Pulmonary and Extra-Pulmonary Clinical Manifestations of COVID-19 |
Johnson, KD, Harris, et al |
Frontiers in Medicine |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Flexible global working arrangements: An integrative review and future research agenda |
Jooss, S, McDonnell, et al |
Human Resource Management Review |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Prevalence of various psychological disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic: Systematic review |
Karimi, L, Khalili, et al |
Journal of Military Medicine |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
SR: Magiran, SID, Iranmedex, Elsevier, Pubmed, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science were searched for studies were
published from December 1, 2019, to May 30, 2020. COVID-19 has led to high prevalence and a wide range of psychological disorders among individuals and various groups in society, especially in medical personnel. |
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Clinical Presentation and Outcomes of Hospitalized Adults with COVID-19: A systematic review |
Keller, KG, Reangsing, et al |
J Adv Nurs |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
SR: searched the databases PubMed, CINAHL and Scopus for relevant articles published between 1 January 2020 - 18 May
2020. This review provides nurses with a summary of the most current evidence regarding the signs, symptoms and outcomes of adult hospitalized COVID-19 patients that they might identify COVID-19 patients rapidly on presentation to medical care and be attuned
to indicators of patient decompensation. |
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Low dose lung radiation therapy for pneumonia: an examination of historical dose distributions |
Kirkby, C, Mackenzie, et al |
Physics in Medicine and Biology |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Lapid, MI, Seiner, et al |
American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Levine, A, Sacktor, et al |
J Neurovirol |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Supply chain finance review: Current situation and future trend |
Li, J, Wang, et al |
Xitong Gongcheng Lilun yu Shijian/System Engineering Theory and Practice |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Melenotte, C, Silvin, et al |
OncoImmunology |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Melo, CML, Silva, et al |
Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Menon, S, Mathew, et al |
J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Health anxiety during viral contagious diseases and COVID-19 outbreak: Narrative review |
Mohammadi, MT, Shahyad, et al |
Journal of Military Medicine |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Functional dimensions and rehabilitation status in COVID-19 patients: Narrative review |
Motaqi, M, Ghanjal, et al |
Journal of Military Medicine |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Mukherjee, S, Mazumder, et al |
Environmental research |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Molecular mechanisms involved in the positive effects of physical activity on coping with COVID-19 |
Nigro, E, Polito, et al |
Eur J Appl Physiol |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: update on clinical management |
Norris, SP, Likanje, et al |
Curr Opin Neurol |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Nuzzi, R, Carucci, et al |
J Ophthalmic Inflamm Infect |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Olival, KJ, Cryan, et al |
PLoS Pathog |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Targeting Natural Products for the Treatment of COVID-19 - An Updated Review |
Pamuru, RR, Ponneri, et al |
Curr Pharm Des |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Paul, Diptanu, Gupta, et al |
medRxiv |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
SR: searched 5 electronic databases (Pubmed, Google Scholar, Crossref, Ovid, ScienceDirect) and 1 Grey literature database
(OpenGrey). We included original studies, published prior to year 2020. Global presence of technologies, which have been given Emergency use authorisation for N95-FFR reprocessing, is extremely limited. Reprocessing of N95-FFRs by MGS should be considered
for emergency implementation in resource limited settings to tackle shortage of N95-FFRs. |
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Prescott, HC, Sussman, et al |
Curr Opin Crit Care |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Critically Ill Patients with COVID-19: A Narrative Review on Prone Position |
Qadri, SK, N |
Research Square prepub |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Defining the role of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 transmission: a living
systematic review |
Qiu, Xueting, Nergiz, et al |
medRxiv |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
SR: Data sources Medline, EMBASE, China Academic Journals full-text database (CNKI), and pre-print servers were searched
from 30 December 2019 to 3 July 2020 using relevant MESH terms. Asymptomatic patients can transmit SARS-CoV-2 to others, but our findings indicate that such individuals are responsible for fewer secondary infections than people with symptoms in the same studies.
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Riordan, P, Stika, et al |
Clin Neuropsychol |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Rizwan, K, Rasheed, et al |
Hum Vaccin Immunother |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Ruiz-Hitzky, E, Darder, et al |
Adv Healthc Mater |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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When to Consider Deferral of Surgery in Acute Type A Aortic Dissection: A Review |
Sabe, AA, Percy, et al |
Ann Thorac Surg |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
|
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Sahebnasagh, A, Mojtahedzadeh, et al |
Archives of Medical Research |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Samaranayake, LP, Fakhruddin, et al |
Acta Odontol Scand |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
SR: PubMed, MEDLINE, the Cochrane Library, and Embase databases were searched between 01January 1990 and 15 May 2020.
In general, RPE is effective as a barrier protection against aerosolized microbes in healthcare settings. But their filtration efficacy is compromised by the (i) inhalant particle size, (ii) airflow dynamics, (iii) mask-fit factor, (iv) period of wear, (v)
'wetness' of the masks, and (vi) their fabrication quality. The macro-data presented here should inform policy formulation on RPE wear amongst HCWs. |
|
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Violence against women during the COVID-19 pandemic: An integrative review |
Sánchez, OR, Vale, et al |
Int J Gynaecol Obstet |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
|
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PMC7434621; COVID-19: A scholarly production dataset report for research analysis |
Santos, BS, Silva, et al |
Data Brief |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
|
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Potential anti-influenza effective plants used in Turkish folk medicine: A review |
Sargin, SA |
J Ethnopharmacol |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Are the steroids a blanket solution for COVID-19? a systematic review and meta-analysis |
Sarkar, S, Khanna, et al |
J Med Virol |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
SR-MA:comprehensive screening was conducted using electronic databases up to 19(th) August 2020. Systemic steroid therapy
may not be effective for reducing mortality, duration of hospitalization, and period of viral shedding.
|
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Sharifian-Dorche, M, Huot, et al |
Journal of the neurological sciences |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
|
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32844922; Information on occupation of patients with Covid-19: Literature review |
Souza, CDF, Santos, et al |
Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira (1992) |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
|
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Syed, NK, Griffiths, et al |
Journal of psychiatric research |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Thompson, JL, Nguyen, et al |
Am J Reprod Immunol |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Chest CT findings in asymptomatic cases with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
Tsikala Vafea, M, Atalla, et al |
Clinical radiology |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
SR-MA: PubMed and EMBASE databases were searched until 1 May 2020. In COVID-19, asymptomatic cases can have positive
chest CT findings, and COVID-19 should be considered among cases with CT abnormalities even when there are no other symptoms.
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Computed Tomography Features of COVID-19 in Children: A Systematic
Review and Meta-analysis |
Wang, Ji-Gan, Mo, et al |
medRxiv |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
SR-MA: searched PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase; data published by Johns Hopkins University; and Chinese databases
CNKI, Wanfang, and Chongqing Weipu from January 1, 2020, to August 10, 2020. The lung CT results of children with COVID-19 are usually normal or slightly atypica, with a low sensitivity and specificity compared with that in adults. The lung lesions of COVID-19
pediatric patients mostly involve both lungs or multiple lobes, and the common manifestations are patchy shadows, ground-glass opacities, consolidation, partial air bronchogram signs, nodules, and halo signs; white lung, pleural effusion, and paving stone
signs are rare. |
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Windarwati, HD, Oktaviana, et al |
Psychiatry research |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
|
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A systematic review and meta-analysis of the COVID-19 associated liver injury |
Wong, YJ, Tan, et al |
Ann Hepatol |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
SR-MA:systematic search of three electronic databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Library), from inception
to 24(th) April 2020. COVID-19 associated liver injury is more common in severe COVID-19 than non-severe COVID-19. Physicians should be aware of possible progression to severe disease in subjects with COVID-19-associated liver injury.
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Wright, LS |
Nephrology nursing journal : journal of the American Nephrology Nurses' Association |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
|
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Xi, C, L |
Research Square prepub |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Future Perspective: Biologic agents in patients with Severe Covid-19 |
Yalcin, AD, Yalcin, et al |
Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
|
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32838449; Update on Recommendations for SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 During Pregnancy, Birth and Childbed |
Zöllkau, J, Hagenbeck, et al |
Zeitschrift fur Geburtshilfe und Neonatologie |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
|
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COVID-19 and mRNA Vaccines-First Large Test for a New Approach |
Abbasi, J |
Jama |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 vertical transmission using the amniotic fluid test |
Abdi, F, Amirian, et al |
Journal of Military Medicine |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Ahn, D |
Journal of the Korean Medical Association |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Akram, J, Azhar, et al |
Trials |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Pandemic and macho organizations: Wake-up call or business as usual? |
Alcadipani, R |
Gender, Work and Organization |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Italy's first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic has ended: no excess mortality in May, 2020 |
Alicandro, Gianfranco, Remuzzi, et al |
The Lancet |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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32841113; COVID-19 Is Straining Mental Health - Could Technology Be the Answer? |
Allen, S |
IEEE Pulse |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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A call for structured re-opening of endoscopy services during the COVID-19 pandemic |
Almalki, AS, Khan, et al |
Saudi J Gastroenterol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Altavilla, J |
Phi Delta Kappan |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Al-Tawfiq, J, Arabi, et al |
Hum Vaccin Immunother |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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COVID-19 and Sex-/Gender-Specific Differences: Understanding the Discrimination |
Amgalan, A, Malinowski, et al |
Semin Thromb Hemost |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Subjects clustering analysis and science mapping on COVID-19 researches in scopus database |
Amiri, MM, Nasiri, et al |
Journal of Military Medicine |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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32781163; Time to strengthen capacity in infectious disease control at the European level |
Anderson, M, Mossialos, et al |
International Journal of Infectious Diseases |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Anoko, JN, Barry, et al |
BMJ Global Health |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Antza, C, Stabouli, et al |
J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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The Day After COVID-19-Time to Rethink Oncology Clinical Research |
Araujo, DV, Watson, et al |
JAMA Oncol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Arenas, DL, Viduani, et al |
Int J Soc Psychiatry |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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32844939; Should kidney transplants during the COVID-19 pandemic be canceled or maintained? |
Arruda, GJF, Arruda Neto, et al |
Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira (1992) |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Junior doctors: when fresh blood fast-tracks the fight against COVID-19 |
Ashton, E, Skayem, et al |
Postgrad Med J |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Could imiquimod (Aldara 5% cream) or other TLR7 agonists be used in the treatment of COVID-19? |
Avcilar, H, Eken, et al |
Medical hypotheses |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Late-onset AGEP-like skin pustular eruption following COVID-19: a possible association |
Ayatollahi, A, Robati, et al |
Dermatol Ther |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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32843732; Cities: build networks and share plans to emerge stronger from COVID-19 |
Bai, X, Nagendra, et al |
Nature |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Baker, BD, Weber, et al |
Phi Delta Kappan |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 is a novel target of the γ-secretase
complex |
Bartolomé, Alberto, Liang, et al |
bioRxiv |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Baumann, BC, MacArthur, et al |
International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Anticipating the long-term cardiovascular effects of COVID-19 |
Becker, RC |
J Thromb Thrombolysis |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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COVID-19 Futures: A Framework for Exploring Medium and Long-Term Impacts |
Bedford, Juliet, Berglof, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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32844915; Adapting to an unprecedented scenario: surgery during the COVID-19 outbreak |
BenÍtez, CY, Pedival, et al |
Revista do Colegio Brasileiro de Cirurgioes |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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A Dental Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic—Safer Aerosol-Free Emergent (SAFER) Dentistry |
Benzian, H, Niederman, et al |
Frontiers in Medicine |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Berglund, J |
IEEE Pulse |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Bergmann, A, Schwarz, et al |
Diabetes Aktuell |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Berry, B |
Phi Delta Kappan |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Bhaskar, A, Ng, et al |
Adv Physiol Educ |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Bhatt, A, Nair, et al |
Chest |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Vaccine and drug trials
in the COVID-19 pandemic: Lessons for India |
Bhattacharya, A, Bhattacharya, et al |
Current science |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Bhutani, M, Hernandez, et al |
Chest |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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COVID-19: The need to heed distress calls of healthcare workers |
Biana, HT, Joaquin, et al |
J Public Health (Oxf) |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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The EU's New Strategy for Africa: In Search of a Genuine Partnership |
Bisson, L |
Sovremennaya Evropa |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Borlongan, MC, Borlongan, et al |
Cell transplantation |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Determinants of the public debt in the Eurozone and its sustainability amid the Covid-19 pandemic |
Briceño, HR, Perote, et al |
Sustainability (Switzerland) |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Brown, ME, Finn, et al |
Med Educ |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Buckley, R |
GEO: connexion |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Bull-Otterson, L, Gray, et al |
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Burgess, S, Ponsford, et al |
Bmj |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Burke, T |
Dental update |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Burlacu, A, Genovesi, et al |
Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Burrage, DR, Koushesh, et al |
Frontiers in Immunology |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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32851718; Jumping at the opportunity: Promoting physical activity after COVID-19 |
Burtscher, J, Burtscher, et al |
Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Byrne, MD |
Journal of Perianesthesia Nursing |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Cabrera-Rayo, A, Cortés-Meza, et al |
Medicina Interna de Mexico |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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32818650; COVID-19: risk accumulation among biologically and socially vulnerable older populations |
Calderón-Larrañaga, A, Dekhtyar, et al |
Ageing Research Reviews |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Modeling Potential Autophagy Pathways in COVID-19 and Sarcoidosis |
Calender, A, Israel-Biet, et al |
Trends in immunology |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Campbell, NRC, Khalsa, et al |
J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Injustices faced by children during the COVID-19 pandemic and crucial next steps |
Campbell, S, Carnevale, et al |
Can J Public Health |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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How COVID-19 is changing research, publishing, and guidelines |
Cappelletti, P, Bizzaro, et al |
Rivista Italiana della Medicina di Laboratorio |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Capus, J |
Metal Powder Report |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): The Long Tail Looking Back |
Carlos, RC |
J Am Coll Radiol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Cutaneous Manifestations in the Context of SARS-CoV-2 Infection (COVID-19) |
Carrascosa, JM, Morillas, et al |
Actas Dermosifiliogr |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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32470443; COVID-19 pandemic and home-based physical activity |
Carvalho, VO, Gois, et al |
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Carvalho, WB, Gibelli, et al |
Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira (1992) |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Tracheostomy During COVID-19 Pandemic-In Search of Lost Timing |
Cazzador, D, Franchella, et al |
JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Hyperglycemia and COVID-19: What was known and what is really new? |
Ceriello, A |
Diabetes research and clinical practice |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Chapman, KD, Moffett, et al |
South Med J |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Chauhan, A, Jakhar, et al |
Journal of Cleaner Production |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Chen, LC, Wu, et al |
Kaohsiung J Med Sci |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Confronting the controversy: Interleukin-6 and the COVID-19 cytokine storm syndrome |
Chen, LYC, Hoiland, et al |
Eur Respir J |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Chen, S, Wu, et al |
Chinese General Practice |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Cheng, YY, Chen, et al |
Journal of the Formosan Medical Association |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Specialized pro-resolving mediator network: an update on production and actions |
Chiang, N, Serhan, et al |
Essays Biochem |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Chirisa, I, Mutambisi, et al |
GeoJournal |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Chiuta, SL, Argyriou, et al |
The BMJ |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Chocair, PR, Neves, et al |
Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira (1992) |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Chowdhury, TA, Waqar, et al |
Diabetes Ther |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Deriving 'definitive' results in observational COVID-19 research: a problematic endeavour |
Clift, AK |
J Med Virol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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The immune-modulatory effects of exercise should be favorably harnessed against COVID-19 |
Codella, R, Chirico, et al |
J Endocrinol Invest |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Coleman, BC, Kean, et al |
Transl Behav Med |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Copcu, HE |
Aging and Disease |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Hearing From the COVID-19 Epicenter-A Neurotologist's Reflection From the Front Lines |
Cosetti, MK |
JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Chimie et médicament:
ce que nous a enseigné l’épidémie de la COVID-19 |
Couvreur, P |
Actualite Chimique |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Our fresh-produce supply chain after COVID-19: How vertical farming can play a key role |
Cuello, J |
Resource: Engineering and Technology for Sustainable World |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Post-COVID-19 New Normal for Nuclear Medicine Practice: An Australasian Perspective |
Currie, G |
J Nucl Med Technol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Mental Health Care, Policy, and COVID-19: The Renewed Role for Psychiatric and Addiction Nursing |
Dadakhah-Chimeh, Z, Jozaghi, et al |
Policy Polit Nurs Pract |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Daly, M |
Social Policy and Administration |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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32856773; Role of outpatient pediatric natural airway sedation during the COVID-19 pandemic |
Damania, RC, Stormorken, et al |
Paediatric anaesthesia |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Covid-19 exposes the gaps in infection prevention and control |
Dancer, SJ |
Infection, Disease and Health |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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SARS-CoV-2-mediated encephalitis: Role of AT2R receptors in the blood-brain barrier |
de Sousa, AK, Magalhães, et al |
Medical hypotheses |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Dean, E |
Emergency Nurse |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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DeKosky, BJ |
Science |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Denworth, L |
Scientific American |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Dhala, A, Sasangohar, et al |
J Med Internet Res |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Interrupted cochlear implant habilitation due to COVID-19 pandemic-ways and means to overcome
this |
Dham, R, Arumugam, et al |
International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Dias, JV, Contreiras, et al |
Acta Med Port |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Dineen, KellyK, Pendo, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Dockter, AG, Angelos, et al |
Colorectal Disease |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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COVID-19 Pandemic: Perspective of an Italian Tertiary Care Pediatric Center |
Donà, D, Giaquinto, et al |
Healthcare (Basel) |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Doppalapudi, L, Lippmann, et al |
South Med J |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Amy ty lilin-draza’ay: Building Archaeological Practice on Principles of Community |
Douglass, K |
African Archaeological Review |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Dziedzic, A |
Dental update |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Eraksoy, H |
Klimik Dergisi |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Eskytė, I, Lawson, et al |
Alter |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Eubanks, A, Thomson, et al |
Seminars in perinatology |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Teaching under Lockdown: the experiences of London English teachers |
Evans, C, O’Connor, et al |
Changing English: Studies in Culture and Education |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Career Confidential: Teacher feels more competent than the principal |
Fagell, PL |
Phi Delta Kappan |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Feng, XL, Hu, et al |
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Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Fields, BKK, Demirjian, et al |
Clinical imaging |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Flannigan, R, Sundar, et al |
European urology oncology |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Flinn, JB, Hynes, et al |
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Resilient Managed Competition during Pandemics: Lessons from the Italian experience during COVID-19 |
Font, JC, Levaggi, et al |
Health Econ Policy Law |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Forner Cordero, I, López Martin, et al |
Rehabilitacion |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Gao, H, Shi, et al |
Zhonghua yan ke za zhi] Chinese journal of ophthalmology |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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32710937; Micronutrients as immunomodulatory tools for COVID-19 management |
Gasmi, A, Tippairote, et al |
Clinical Immunology |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Gatfield, ER, Mukesh, et al |
Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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The Respiratory Drive: An Overlooked Tile of COVID-19 Pathophysiology |
Gattinoni, L, Marini, et al |
Am J Respir Crit Care Med |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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COVID-19: Effect on patients with gastrointestinal cancer and surgery |
Ghidinelli, F, De Pascale, et al |
International Journal of Surgery |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Fox3(+) CD25(+) CD4(+) T regulatory cells (Tregs) may transform the n-CoV's final destiny to CNS! |
Girija, ASS |
J Med Virol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Giubilini, A |
Am J Bioeth |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Gliessman, S |
Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Godlee, F |
The BMJ |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Goessler, KF, Nicoletti, et al |
Obesity (Silver Spring) |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Gois-Santos, V, Santos, et al |
Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira (1992) |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Gombos, K, Herczeg, et al |
Popul Health Manag |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Backtalk: How districts can learn from their COVID response: Stats 101 not required |
Gordon, N, Conaway, et al |
Phi Delta Kappan |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Educational accountability is out of step — Now more than ever |
Gottlieb, D, Schneider, et al |
Phi Delta Kappan |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Grannell, A, le Roux, et al |
Clin Obes |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Green, ST, Cladi, et al |
Bmj |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Stigma related to COVID-19 infection: Are the Health Care Workers stigmatizing their own colleagues? |
Grover, S, Singh, et al |
Asian Journal of Psychiatry |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Gupta, S, Kaushik, et al |
Indian J Med Res |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Hall, E, Lewis, et al |
International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Guiding Difficult Decisions on Scarce Investigational Therapeutic Agents in the COVID-19 Pandemic |
Hamilton, KW |
American Journal of Bioethics |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Hanna, SR |
J Air Waste Manag Assoc |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Our Lives Post-Pandemic: What Happens to Radiation Oncology After COVID-19? |
Hardenbergh, P |
International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Harenberg, J, Bauersachs, et al |
Semin Thromb Hemost |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Nanotheranostics against COVID-19: From multivalent to immune-targeted materials |
Hassanzadeh, P |
J Control Release |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Zinc(II)-The Overlooked Éminence Grise of Chloroquine's Fight against COVID-19? |
Hecel, A, Ostrowska, et al |
Pharmaceuticals (Basel) |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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The Editor’s Note: How will teachers manage to teach this year? |
Heller, R |
Phi Delta Kappan |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Henderson, CE, Jackman, et al |
Am J Obstet Gynecol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Henry, BM, Benoit, et al |
J Med Virol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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General Health Status of Asthmatic Children During COVID-19 Pandemic |
Hepkaya, E, Kilinc, et al |
Pediatr Int |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Hidalgo, A |
Blood |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Higham, E |
Microwave Journal |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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First Person: The pandemic’s silver lining: Real talk for future teachers |
Hipp, J |
Phi Delta Kappan |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Cardiovascular considerations for anesthesiologists during the COVID-19 pandemic |
Hirata, N, Yamakage, et al |
J Anesth |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Collecting the crisis or the collecting crisis? A survey of Covid-19 archives |
Hobbins, P |
History Australia |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Janssen, R, Walk, et al |
Medical hypotheses |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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32844921; COVID-19 experience among Brasil's indigenous people |
Jardim, PTC, Dias, et al |
Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira (1992) |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Management strategies to control the COVID-19 crisis in Masih Daneshvari Hospital, Tehran, Iran |
Jebelli, B, Varahram, et al |
Journal of Military Medicine |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Adopting an Anti-Racist Model of COVID-19 Drug Allocation and Prioritization |
Jefferson, AA |
American Journal of Bioethics |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Jha, AK, Mathew, et al |
Current science |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Jirjees, FJ, Dallal Bashi, et al |
Tuberc Respir Dis (Seoul) |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Jones, K |
Changing English: Studies in Culture and Education |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Cancer and COVID-19: How understanding grief helps the pandemic frontlines |
Kahn, AM, Andrews, et al |
Current Oncology |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Kallberg, J, B |
ArXiv |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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32841081; The COVID-19 anxiety of hospitalised patients in a palliative care unit |
Karahan, I |
International journal of palliative nursing |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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32841076; What palliative care can learn from the COVID-19 pandemic |
Kelly, D, Dodds, et al |
International journal of palliative nursing |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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32840263; Is fake news contributing to increased Covid-19 BAME deaths? |
Khan, T, Nassrally, et al |
Acute medicine |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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What do geologists do when the coronavirus bites? Ideas for educators |
King, C |
Geology Today |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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The psychological impact of COVID-19 in a refugee camp in Iraq |
Kizilhan, JI, Noll-Hussong, et al |
Psychiatry Clin Neurosci |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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32750700; The SARS-CoV-2 Crisis: Has Medicine Finally Entered a Reductionist Era? |
Klement, RJ |
Complementary Medicine Research |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Koca, Fahrettin |
The Lancet |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Kolodny, O, Berger, et al |
Open Biology |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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A low-cost endoscopy trainer for novice endoscopy training in COVID-19 |
Koo, CS, Siah, et al |
Endoscopy |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Kort, NP, Barrena, et al |
Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Koterba, CH, Baum, et al |
Clinical Neuropsychologist |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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An accelerated shift in the use of remote systems in epilepsy due to the COVID-19 pandemic |
Kuchenbuch, M, d'Onofrio, et al |
Epilepsy Behav |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Letting Steam Out of the Pressure Cooker: The EMDR Life Stress Protocol |
Laliotis, D |
Journal of EMDR Practice and Research |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Lamb, Danielle, Greenberg, et al |
The Lancet Psychiatry |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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The solution on enigmas in COVID-19: The protein-homeostasis-system hypothesis |
Lee, KY |
Journal of the Korean Medical Association |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Caring for the carers: Safeguarding oncologists' mental health in the time of COVID-19 |
Leones, LMB, Berba, et al |
ecancermedicalscience |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Letieri, RV, Furtado, et al |
Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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orgFAQ: A New Dataset and Analysis on Organizational FAQs and User Questions |
Lev, G, S |
ArXiv |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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32842276; Expanding the pandemic influenza preparedness framework to the epidemic
of COVID-19 |
Li, BZ, Li, et al |
Zhonghua yu fang yi xue za zhi Chinese journal of preventive medicine] |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Application and development of automation technology in novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) outbreak |
Li, H |
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Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Digital health for patients with chronic pain during the COVID-19 pandemic |
Li, LW, Chew, et al |
British journal of anaesthesia |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Libby, P, Lüscher, et al |
Eur Heart J |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Lidskog, R, Elander, et al |
Sustainability (Switzerland) |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Lillicrap, D, Morrissey, et al |
J Thromb Haemost |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Differentiating biochemical from clinical heparin resistance in COVID-19 |
Lisman, T, Thachil, et al |
J Thromb Thrombolysis |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Cross-Cultural Validity of Psychological Distress Measurement During the Coronavirus Pandemic |
Liu, S, Heinz, et al |
Pharmacopsychiatry |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Liu, X |
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Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Llorente Ayuso, L, Torres Rubio, et al |
J Neurol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Well Leaders Lead Well: How to Create and Sustain a Culture of Wellness During
COVID-19 and Beyond |
Logan, DavidC, Rodriguez, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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London, RA |
Phi Delta Kappan |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Longardt, AC, Winkler, et al |
Zeitschrift fur Geburtshilfe und Neonatologie |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Lord, AS, Lombardi, et al |
Clinical neurology and neurosurgery |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Lordan, R, FitzGerald, et al |
Science |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Machitori, A, Noguchi, et al |
Japanese Journal of Radiology |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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MacKenzie, R, Honig, et al |
Nat Rev Drug Discov |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Mahase, E |
Bmj |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Mass Spectrometry Techniques in Emerging Pathogens Studies: COVID-19 Perspectives |
Mahmud, I, Garrett, et al |
J Am Soc Mass Spectrom |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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COVID-19 and the Future with Digital Mental Health: Need for Attention to Complexities |
Malla, A, Joober, et al |
Can J Psychiatry |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Mandal, N, De, et al |
ACS Chem Neurosci |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Mann, JA, Patel, et al |
Arch Dis Child |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Marstaller, M |
Changing English: Studies in Culture and Education |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Hospital-based home care for children with cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic in northeastern Italy |
Massano, D, Cosma, et al |
Pediatr Blood Cancer |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Mathian, A, Amoura, et al |
Ann Rheum Dis |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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PMC7255296; Delivery for respiratory compromise among pregnant women with coronavirus disease
2019 |
McLaren, RA, J, et al |
Am J Obstet Gynecol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Mehlotra, RK |
Infection, Genetics and Evolution |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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32849666; Understanding the Pathophysiology of COVID-19: Could the Contact System Be the Key? |
Meini, S, Zanichelli, et al |
Frontiers in Immunology |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Ménard, C, Waschke, et al |
J Can Assoc Gastroenterol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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The rise in depressive symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic |
Mendes, A |
Br J Community Nurs |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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The role of locoregional anesthesia in the COVID-19 pandemic |
Mendes, ÂB, Penedos, et al |
Acta Medica Portuguesa |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Wearing a mask and skin disease: patients with atopic dermatitis speak it out |
Merhand, S, Misery, et al |
J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Mertz, L |
IEEE pulse |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Nutrition Support in the ICU—A Refresher in the Era
of COVID-19 |
Micic, D, Wall, et al |
Am J Gastroenterol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Unter der „Haube“ Zusätzliche Schutzmaßnahmen bei der Intubation von COVID-19-Patienten |
Milbradt, O, Kohlhase, et al |
Anasthesiologie und Intensivmedizin |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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How We Respond to COVID-19 Will Determine Our Relevancy for the Future |
Miller, AE |
Tropical Conservation Science |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Mirsky, JB, Horn, et al |
The American Journal of Managed Care |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Mishra, SV, Haque, et al |
Int J Health Plann Manage |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Practice of local anesthesia applications in 3D environment during the COVID-19 pandemic |
Mladenovic, R, Zoran, et al |
J Dent Educ |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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32844959; Parathyroid surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic: Time to think about the ‘‘new normal’’ |
Montenegro, FLM, Brescia, et al |
Clinics |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Montserrat, E |
Blood |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Natural Flavonoids as Potential Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 Inhibitors for Anti-SARS-CoV-2 |
Muchtaridi, M, Fauzi, et al |
Molecules |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Mulroy, E, Menozzi, et al |
Mov Disord |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Mummudi, N, Ghosh-Laskar, et al |
Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Tackling brain metastases from lung cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic |
Mummudi, N, Tibdewal, et al |
Cancer Rep (Hoboken) |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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The holistic way of tackling the COVID-19 pandemic: The one health approach |
Mushi, V |
Tropical Medicine and Health |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Najafi, S, Rajaei, et al |
Clin Rheumatol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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COVID-19: Pitfalls in Offering Research Participation as Therapy in Clinical Settings |
Narayanan, S, Chua, et al |
J Gen Intern Med |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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COVID‐19's crushing mental health toll on health care workers |
Nelson, B, Kaminsky, et al |
Cancer Cytopathol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Port management and governance in a post-COVID-19 era: quo vadis? |
Notteboom, TE, Haralambides, et al |
Maritime Economics and Logistics |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Nusbaum, NJ |
South Med J |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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O'Brien, A, Clements, et al |
J Med Imaging Radiat Oncol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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O'Flynn-Magee, K, Hall, et al |
Teaching and Learning in Nursing |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Isolation in the COVID-19 pandemic as re-traumatization of war experiences |
Okorn, I, Jahović, et al |
Croat Med J |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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32844986; Science funding crisis in Brazil and COVID-19: deleterious impact on scientific
output |
Oliveira, EA, Martelli JÚnior, et al |
Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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PMC7445184; COVID-19 in patients with neurological disorders |
Onteddu, SR, Nalleballe, et al |
Brain Behav Immun Health |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Resilience and Vulnerabilities of the North American Food System during the Covid-19 Pandemic |
Orden, D |
EuroChoices |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Otsuka, R, Seino, et al |
Inflammation and Regeneration |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Probiotics in COVID-19 pandemic: when evidence lacks, rationale can still ease the way |
Pagnini, C, Di Paolo, et al |
Minerva Gastroenterol Dietol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Paquette, JM, Sheets, et al |
Dentistry today |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Parra-Izquierdo, I, Aslan, et al |
Semin Thromb Hemost |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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The patient-urologist relationship in the COVID-19 era and beyond |
Patel, HV, Srivastava, et al |
Canadian Urological Association Journal |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Moving health to the heart of agri-food policies; mitigating risk from our food systems |
Patterson, GT, Thomas, et al |
Global Food Security |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Peng, M, Qian, et al |
Frontiers in Medicine |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Primary care networks: the impact of covid-19 and the challenges ahead |
Pettigrew, LM, Kumpunen, et al |
Bmj |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Portocarrero, J, Alvarez, et al |
Journal of Oral Research |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Role of mental health professionals in dealing with the stigma attached to COVID-19 |
Prasad, SK, Karahda, et al |
General Psychiatry |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Prominski, A, Tian, et al |
Matter |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Ravindran, S, P, et al |
Asian Journal of Psychiatry |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Rennard, SI, Kalil, et al |
Chest |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Rerknimitr, P, Theerawattanawit, et al |
J Dermatol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Rim, F, Kelly, et al |
HSS Journal |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Covid-19: Charity to challenge rules on visits to care homes |
Rimmer, A |
Bmj |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Ritish, D, Dinakaran, et al |
Asian Journal of Psychiatry |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Authors' Reply to Vrachatis et al. "Pharmaco-Immunomodulatory Therapy in COVID-19" |
Rizk, JG, Kalantar-Zadeh, et al |
Drugs |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Increased incidence of Covid-19 among liver transplant patients in Europe |
Rodríguez-Perálvarez, M, Salcedo, et al |
Transpl Int |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Roh, DE, Kwon, et al |
Journal of the Korean Medical Association |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Roope, LSJ, Buckell, et al |
Pharmacoecon Open |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Vignette on Canetti, crowds, and the self in times of COVID-19 |
Rosenzweig, I |
Croat Med J |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Rosenzweig, I, Mitrečić, et al |
Croat Med J |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Rutkowski, J, Camm, et al |
J Oral Implantol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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The prophylaxis and treatment potential of supplements for COVID-19 |
Sahebnasagh, A, Saghafi, et al |
Eur J Pharmacol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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32841083; COVID-19: time to rethink palliative care strategy in resource-poor settings |
Salifu, Y, Atout, et al |
International journal of palliative nursing |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Salman, A, Alper, et al |
Turkderm Turkish Archives of Dermatology and Venereology |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Are Disinfectants for the Prevention and Control of COVID-19 Safe? |
Samara, F, Badran, et al |
Health Secur |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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32844894; Teledentistry in Brazil: a viable alternative during COVID-19 pandemic |
Santana, LADM, Santos, et al |
Revista brasileira de epidemiologia = Brazilian journal of epidemiology |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Santini, A, Avagnina, et al |
Acta Paediatr |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Savage, MP, Fischman, et al |
Popul Health Manag |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Schenk, M |
Deutsches Arzteblatt International |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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SARS-CoV-2 und COVID-19: Thieme stellt relevante Fachinformationen zur Verfügung |
Schindler, C |
Anasthesiologie Intensivmedizin Notfallmedizin Schmerztherapie |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Schultz, MJ, Teng, et al |
JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Sen, A |
Medical hypotheses |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Seyran, M, Pizzol, et al |
J Med Virol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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The Time Is Now: A Guide to Sustainable Telemedicine During
COVID-19 and Beyond |
Shah, ED, Amann, et al |
Am J Gastroenterol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Shakouri, SK, Roshangar, et al |
Journal of critical care |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Sharma, A, Kroumpouzos, et al |
Drug Alcohol Rev |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Lessons learned from reduced acute cardiovascular events and STEMI during Covid-19 |
Sharma, SK, Fuster, et al |
Catheter Cardiovasc Interv |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Guest Editorial: Special Issue on Imaging-Based Diagnosis of COVID-19 |
Shen, D, Gao, et al |
IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Silva, DS |
Chest |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Singh, AK, Singh, et al |
Diabetes research and clinical practice |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Singh, N |
Lung India |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Infantile spasms and COVID-19: Challenges and solutions in resource-limited settings |
Sinha, R, Anand, et al |
Epilepsy research |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Complexities to consider when communicating risk of COVID-19 |
Skovdal, M, Pickles, et al |
Public health |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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EMDR Therapy Treatment of Grief and Mourning in Times of COVID-19 (Coronavirus) |
Solomon, RM, Hensley, et al |
Journal of EMDR Practice and Research |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Spector-Bagdady, K, Gravelin, et al |
American Journal of Bioethics |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Male genitalia injuries: Unspoken collateral damage from the COVID-19 pandemic |
Spooner, J, Lee, et al |
Canadian Urological Association Journal |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Cancer Treatment Decision-Making During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Data Over Opinion |
Spratt, DE |
International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Steinman, JB, Lum, et al |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Suwanwongse, K, Shabarek, et al |
Journal of Investigative Medicine High Impact Case Reports |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Changes in psychological status of postpartum women due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan |
Suzuki, S |
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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COVID-19 and the cancellation of the 2020 Two Oceans Marathon, Cape Town, South Africa |
Swart, K, Maralack, et al |
Sport in Society |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Sweiss, NJ, Korsten, et al |
Chest |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Takahashi, H |
Medical hypotheses |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Talebian, S, Conde, et al |
Matter |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Learning from the Past and the Pandemic to Address Mental Health in Tribal Communities |
Tanana, H |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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32835464; Prevention and management of covid-19 in hemodialysis centers |
Tang, Y, Li, et al |
American Journal of Managed Care |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Tracheostomy During COVID-19 Pandemic-In Search of Lost Timing-Reply |
Tay, JK, Khoo, et al |
JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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ISTH DIC subcommittee communication on anticoagulation in COVID-19 |
Thachil, J, Juffermans, et al |
J Thromb Haemost |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Pulmonary Megakaryocytes in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Roles in Thrombi and Fibrosis |
Thachil, J, Lisman, et al |
Semin Thromb Hemost |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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The need for accurate D-dimer reporting in COVID-19: Communication from the ISTH SSC on fibrinolysis |
Thachil, J, Longstaff, et al |
J Thromb Haemost |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Thomas, SL |
Journal for Nurse Practitioners |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Thomas, V, Maillard, et al |
European Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Biology |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Timmermann, C |
Dev World Bioeth |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Malaria Situation in the Peruvian Amazon during the COVID-19 Pandemic |
Torres, K, Alava, et al |
Am J Trop Med Hyg |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Traoré, F, Couitchere, et al |
Pediatr Blood Cancer |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Turney, S, Carvalho, et al |
Science |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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32830936; COVID-19 Pandemic: Nephrology Experiences - Voices from the Frontlines: Part 1 |
Ulrich, B |
Nephrology nursing journal : journal of the American Nephrology Nurses' Association |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Editorial: The mental health impact of COVID-19 on pre-registration nursing students in Australia |
Usher, K, Bhullar, et al |
Int J Ment Health Nurs |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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India will supply coronavirus vaccines to the world - will its people benefit? |
Vaidyanathan, G |
Nature |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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van Eeden, C, Khan, et al |
Int J Mol Sci |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Comprehensive Oral cancer care protocols during COVID-19 in an institutional setting |
Varma, SR, Jaber, et al |
Oral Dis |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Vetter, MH, Smrz, et al |
Am J Obstet Gynecol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Vivanti, AJ, Deruelle, et al |
J Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Hyperferritinemia in patients with COVID-19: An opportunity for iron chelation? |
Vlahakos, VD, Marathias, et al |
Artif Organs |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Alveolar lymphocytosis with plasmacytosis in severe COVID-19 |
Voiriot, G, Fajac, et al |
Respiratory Medicine and Research |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Sharing Experiences and Lessons: Medical Issues in Confronting the HIV Epidemic and COVID-19 |
Volberding, P |
International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Vrachatis, DA, Giotaki, et al |
Drugs |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Emerging Stronger from the COVID-19 Crisis: Recover, Reposition, and Redesign |
Waldeck, A, Srivastava, et al |
Popul Health Manag |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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PMC7345486; Transient Renal Tubular Syndromes Associated With Acute COVID-19 Disease |
Wan, ER, Woolfson, et al |
Kidney Int Rep |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Profiling and characterization of SARS-CoV-2 mutants' infectivity and antigenicity |
Wang, L, Wang, et al |
Signal Transduct Target Ther |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Wang, S, Li, et al |
J Minim Invasive Gynecol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Ethically Allocating COVID-19 Drugs Via Pre-approval Access and Emergency Use Authorization |
Webb, J, Shah, et al |
American Journal of Bioethics |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Wechsler, J |
Pharmaceutical Technology |
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Wei, YY, Zhao, et al |
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Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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What is the future of UK leadership in global health security post Covid-19? |
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IPPR Progressive Review |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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White, NJ, Watson, et al |
PLoS Med |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Wichmann, S, Spoddeck, et al |
RoFo : Fortschritte auf dem Gebiete der Rontgenstrahlen und der Nuklearmedizin |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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The Case for Face Shields: Improving the COVID-19 Public Health Policy Toolkit |
Wiemken, TimothyL, Santos Rutschman, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Wilkins, J |
Emergency Nurse |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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32844937; Strategic plan for the management of COVID-19 in an obstetrics department |
Wu, B, Pu, et al |
Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira (1992) |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Palliative dental care: Ignored dimension of dentistry amidst COVID-19 pandemic |
Yadav, V, Kumar, et al |
Spec Care Dentist |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Yan, C, Wang, et al |
Chinese General Practice |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Learning under Lockdown: English teaching in the time of Covid-19 |
Yandell, J |
Changing English: Studies in Culture and Education |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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32842748; COVID-19, Antiphospholipid Syndrome and Thrombosis |
Yasri, S, Wiwanitkit, et al |
Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis |
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Yi, Y, Jang, et al |
TESOL Journal |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Cardiac Procedural Deferral during the Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic |
Yong, CM, Ang, et al |
Catheter Cardiovasc Interv |
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Yun-Ye, N, Hai-Dong, et al |
Academic Journal of Second Military Medical University |
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Coronavirus (COVID-19), Coagulation, and Exercise: Interactions That May Influence Health Outcomes |
Zadow, EK, Wundersitz, et al |
Semin Thromb Hemost |
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Health ambassadors role in self-care during COVID-19 in Iran |
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Journal of Military Medicine |
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Zhang, S, Wu, et al |
Gastrointest Endosc |
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Chaos Solitons Fractals |
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Research on the social responsibility of sports stars in the era of internet |
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Zhong, Q, Liu, et al |
Br J Anaesth |
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Am J Med Genet A |
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Indian journal of dermatology, venereology and leprology |
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Journal for Nurse Practitioners |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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The Lancet Infectious Diseases |
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Ultraschall in der Medizin |
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Journal for immunotherapy of cancer |
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Hastings Center Report |
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The Lancet Infectious Diseases |
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Appendix: Process and definitions.
A daily search for new publications is conducted in PubMed, Scopus,
BioRxiv and MedRxiv, SSRN,
Research Square,
arXiv for all publications related to COVID-19 disease or SARS-CoV-2 using the search terms (COVID-19 OR SARS-CoV-2
OR "novel CoV" OR "novel coronavirus" OR nCoV) adapted to each database. The capture is cross-referenced with publication announcements on the COVID-19 dashboards set up by a number of publishers and google. Publishers include
Lancet,
Elsevier,
The New England Journal of Medicine,
BMJ, Wiley,
Springer Nature, ChinaCDCweekly.
Additionally the database is cross-referenced with other literature scans e.g.
WHO publication list and activities by collaborators. Members of the Emerging Sciences group develop 1 -2 point summaries of each publication. Please email Lisa Waddell for additional information:
Lisa.Waddell@canada.ca.
References are compiled in a reworks database that has citations since the beginning of the outbreak. All references can be accessed at this
link and by the categories listed below. The daily scan has also been compiled in an excel sheet and copies can be provided upon request or
accessed
here.
Category Definitions:
Modelling/ prediction: Predictive modeling is a process that uses data mining and probability
to forecast outcomes. Each model is made up of a number of predictors, which are variables that are likely to influence future results.
Epidemiology:
the branch of medicine which deals with the incidence, distribution, and possible control of diseases and other factors relating to health. Includes Ro, attack rates, case number doubling time, case fatality
rate, serial interval, clinical attack rate, asymptomatic fraction, proportion of asymptomatic and infective*
Transmission: The passage of a pathogen causing communicable disease from an infected host
to an uninfected host via direct or indirect routes.
Clinical data
of cases: Includes clinical parameters such as incubation period, latent period, period of communicability, duration of illness, duration of hospitalization, host risk factors, as well as clinical profiles of patients; presenting symptoms, symptoms over
course of illness, sequelae, comorbidities.*
Surveillance: Public health surveillance is the continuous, systematic collection, analysis and
interpretation of health-related data. Surveillance data will likely be number of cases suspected/confirmed, number of deaths, number recovered. *
Coronavirology: All research relating to the virus; its characteristics, genetic make-up, phylogenetic
analyses
Diagnostics / Pathogen detection:
All studies on identification of the virus; culture, PCR, antibody/antigen tests etc.
Therapeutics:
Studies of substances that may be used to treat infected hosts including passive immunization products.
Vaccine Research:
Studies of vaccine candidates to prevent infection with 2019-nCoV including clinical trials.
Public Health Priorities:
These citations will focus on what the current research priorities are and/or where knowledge gaps exist.
Public Health interventions*:
Any study evaluating how effective a public health intervention is or maybe (in the case of a predictive model).
Public Health response:
These papers are typically overviews of past and current activities, they often also identify knowledge gaps and suggest future activities or objectives.
Infection Prevention and Control/
Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI): Any research on the effectiveness of IPC interventions should also be tagged as IPC
Health care Response:
This foci would include a description of activities to deal with 2019-nCoV cases including, but not limited to: set up of a special emergency multi-disciplinary intensive care team; Bed and medical equipment preparation/ stock piling supplies; Education
and training of staff; Early case recognition and classification of disease severity.
Economics: papers discussing/ forecasting the economics of COVID-19 pandemic.
Zoonotic:
all literature discussing the transmission to and from or occurrence of naturally acquired SARS-COV-2 infection in animals.
Review Literature:
All articles that summarize the published literature can be tagged as a review. This includes systematic review, meta-analysis, scoping review, overviews, umbrella reviews*
Commentary/Editorial:
For commentaries, editorials, letters to the editor, other types of opinion pieces where there is no new data collected by the author or analysis conducted by the author, please tag these within the commentary category.
News articles that have not scientific information.
*Lists are not exhaustive
Annexe: Processus et définitions.
Une recherche quotidienne des nouvelles publications est effectuée dans PubMed, Scopus,
BioRxiv and MedRxiv,
SSRN,
Research Square,
arXiv
pour toutes les publications relatives à la maladie COVID-19 ou au SRAS-CoV-2 en utilisant les termes de recherche (COVID-19 OU SARS-CoV-2 OU « novel CoV » OU « novel coronavirus » OU nCoV). La saisie renvoie à des annonces de publication
sur les tableaux de bord du nCoV mis en place par un certain nombre d'éditeurs et par Google. Parmi les éditeurs figurent
Lancet,
Elsevier,
The New England Journal of Medicine,
BMJ,
Wiley,
Springer Nature,
ChinaCDCweekly. En outre, la base de données renvoie à d'autres survols de publications, e.g.
la liste des publications de l'OMS,
et à des activités des collaborateurs. Les membres du groupe scientifique émergent préparent des résumés en 1 ou 2 points de chaque publication. Pour en savoir plus, veuillez envoyer un courriel à Lisa Waddell au :
Lisa.Waddell@canada.ca.
Les références sont compilées dans une base de données Refworks qui contient des citations depuis le début de l'épidémie. Toutes les références sont accessibles à partir de ce
lien et par les catégories énumérées ci-dessous. L'analyse quotidienne a également été compilée
dans une feuille Excel et des copies peuvent être fournies sur demande ou consultées
ici.
Définitions des catégories :
Modélisation / prédiction :
La modélisation prédictive est un processus qui utilise l'exploration de données et la probabilité pour prévoir les résultats. Chaque modèle est composé de plusieurs prédicteurs, qui sont des variables susceptibles d'influencer les résultats futurs.
Épidémiologie :
Branche de la médecine qui traite de l'incidence, de la répartition et du contrôle éventuel des maladies et d'autres facteurs liés à la santé. Comprend le taux de reproduction de base (Ro),
les taux d'attaque, le temps de doublement du nombre de cas, le taux de létalité, l'intervalle sériel, le taux d'attaque clinique, la fraction asymptomatique, la proportion de cas asymptomatiques et infectieux*.
Transmission :
Passage d'un agent pathogène causant une maladie transmissible d'un hôte infecté à un hôte non infecté par des voies directes ou indirectes.
Données cliniques
des cas : Comprend les paramètres cliniques tels que la période d'incubation, la période de latence, la période de contagiosité, la durée de la maladie, la durée de l'hospitalisation, les facteurs de risque de l'hôte, ainsi que les profils
cliniques des patients; les symptômes présentés, les symptômes au cours de la maladie, les séquelles, les comorbidités.*
Surveillance : La surveillance
de la santé publique est la collecte, l'analyse et l'interprétation continues et systématiques de données relatives à la santé. Les données de surveillance concerneront probablement le nombre de cas suspects / confirmés, le nombre de décès, le nombre de personnes
guéries. *
Coronavirologie : Toutes les recherches relatives
au virus, ses caractéristiques, sa constitution génétique et les analyses phylogénétiques.
Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes :
Toutes les études sur l'identification du virus : culture, PCR, tests de dépistage d'anticorps ou d’antigènes, etc.
Thérapeutique :
Étude des substances pouvant être utilisées pour traiter les hôtes infectés, y compris les produits d'immunisation passive.
Recherche sur les vaccins : Études des candidats à la
vaccination pour prévenir l'infection par le 2019-nCoV, y compris des essais cliniques.
Priorités de santé publique :
Ces citations porteront sur les priorités actuelles de recherche et/ou sur les lacunes dans les connaissances.
Interventions de santé publique* :
Toute étude évaluant l'efficacité (réelle ou possible) d'une intervention de santé publique (dans le cas d'un modèle prédictif).
Réponse de la santé publique :
Ces articles sont généralement des aperçus des activités passées et actuelles, qui identifient souvent les lacunes dans les connaissances et suggèrent des activités ou des objectifs futurs.
Prévention et contrôle des infections/Infection Prevention and Control (PCI/IPAC) :
Les recherches sur l'efficacité des interventions en PCI doivent également être marquées comme PCI.
Réponse des soins de santé :
Ce point comprendrait une description des activités pour traiter les cas de 2019-nCoV, notamment : mise en place d'une équipe multidisciplinaire spéciale de soins intensifs d'urgence; préparation des lits et des équipements médicaux
/ stockage des fournitures; sensibilisation et formation du personnel; reconnaissance précoce des cas et classification de la gravité de la maladie.
Modèle animal:
Zoonotic:
all literature discussing the transmission to and from or occurrence of naturally acquired SARS-COV-2 infection in animals.
Économie: documents discutant / prévoyant l'économie de la pandémie de COVID-19
Revue de la documentation :
Tous les articles qui résument les documents publiés peuvent être marqués comme une revue. Cela comprend les revues systématiques, les méta-analyses, les études de la portée, les aperçus, les examens généraux*.
Commentaires/Éditorial :
Pour les commentaires, éditoriaux, lettres à la rédaction, autres types d'articles d'opinion pour lesquels aucune nouvelle donnée n'est collectée ou aucune analyse n'est effectuée par l'auteur, veuillez les marquer dans la catégorie des
commentaires.
journaux
Articles de presse qui n'ont pas d'informations scientifiques.
* Les listes ne sont pas exhaustives