Subject: Daily Scan of COVID-19 Scientific Publications / survol journalier des publications scientifiques du COVID-19,
2020-09-01
Good afternoon,
There are 595 citations in today’s scan. 334 were considered primary research or review literature.
Highlights today include:
PUBLIC HEALTH INTERVENTION
·
Boloori et al
used detailed data from 51 US states to demonstrate that, compared to a hypothetical no intervention during March-June 2020, the intervention policies undertaken across the US on average saved each person up to 4.04 days
worth of quality-adjusted life years (QALY) while incurring $3,284.67 for him/her.
·
Zhang, et al.
used data from meticulous contact tracing of people exposed to cases of SARS-CoV-2 to estimate the proportion of cases that result from the presymptomatic transmission of the virus in Beijing during January 2020 and February 2020. The results showed
that presymptomatic transmission occurred in at least 15% of 100 secondary COVID-19 cases. The finding suggested that the contact tracing period should be earlier and highlighted the importance of preventing transmission opportunities well before the onset
of symptoms.
TRANSMISSION
·
Ma et al.
Exhaled breath samples were collected from 57 COVID-19 patients (27% positive, Ct ~35 +/- 3) and 19 controls as well as a number of environmental swabs. Breath emission rate was estimated to be from 1.03x10^5 to 2.25x10^7 viruses per hour. Environmental
swabs from toilet (17%), hospital floor (12.5%) had high viral RNA detection, however high touch surfaces (2.6-4%) and none of the handles swabbed were positive.
EPIDEMIOLOGY
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Hagman et al find that detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in serum at admission was associated with a seven-fold increased risk of critical disease and an eight-fold increased risk of
death in a cohort of 167 patients hospitalised for COVID-19 from Sweden.
·
Han et al report clinical course of SARS-CoV-2 infection in a case series of 91 hospitalized children in Korea. In this case series, 22.0% were
asymptomatic, 8.5% of symptomatic cases were diagnosed at the time of symptom onset, while 66.2% had unrecognized symptoms before diagnosis and 25.4% developed symptoms after diagnosis; SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected for a mean of 17.6 days overall and 14.1
days in asymptomatic cases. Symptom screening fails to identify most COVID-19 cases in children, and SARS-CoV-2 RNA in children is detected for a long duration.
·
Hu et al report antibody dynamics according to disease severity and time since SARS-CoV-2 symptom onset in series of 28 patients hospitalized for severe COVID-19,
15 patients recovered from mild COVID-19, and 116 adults who had recovered from self-limited ILI symptoms in metropolitan Atlanta. IgM reactive toward S1 and E proteins increased early regardless of disease severity, but IgG increased early only in hospitalized
participants with severe COVID-19. This pattern was also observed in the community participants who had recovered from self-limited ILI.
·
Töenshoff et al
(preprint) study the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children and their parents in southwest Germany. Between April 22nd and May 15th, 2020, 2482 children and 2482 corresponding parents were studied. 0.04% tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA. The
estimated SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence was low in parents (1.8%) and 3-fold lower in children (0.6%). Authors conclude it is unlikely that children have boosted the pandemic.
·
Baktash et al
conducted a prospective cohort to assess the importance of vitamin D deficiency in older patients with COVID-19. Results indicate that older adults with vitamin D deficiency and COVID-19
may demonstrate worse morbidity outcomes.
·
Patel et al.
evaluated asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 carriage among hospitalized children, and the risk of transmission to healthcare workers (HCW), using a point prevalence survey. The authors estimated a 1-2% prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 among children without symptoms of
COVID-19, and there were no secondary transmission events among HCW exposed to these patients.
·
Zhang, et al.
reported 211 COVID‐19 patients and 115 influenza patients as two separate cohorts at different locations within China. Differentiable clinical manifestations and CT patterns may help diagnose COVID‐19 from influenza and gain a better understanding of
both contagious respiratory illnesses.
·
Lucey et al applied whole virus genome sequencing (WvGS) to analyse transmission routes of SARS-CoV-2 in hospital-acquired (HA) COVID-19.
Fifty patient and healthcare worker (HCW) samples in which SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected were analysed by WvGS and their phylogenetic relationship established. WvGS provided evidence for SARS-CoV-2 transmission between HCWs and patients and among HCW themselves.
The majority of HA COVID-19 cases occurred in patients highly dependent on nursing care, suggesting that the likely route of transmission was by close contact or droplet, rather than aerosol, transmission.
VACCINE RESEARCH
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Powell et al.
designed a subunit vaccine candidate for COVID-19, using self-assembling ferritin nanoparticles. After a single immunization of mice with the spike ferritin particles, a lentiviral SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus assay revealed mean neutralizing antibody titers
at least 2-fold greater than those in convalescent plasma from COVID-19 patients.
THERAPEUTICS
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Wang, et al.
report a randomized, controlled, open-label, multicenter trial at 6 hospitals in Anhui and Hubei. Patients were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive either tocilizumab in addition to standard care, or standard care alone. Tocilizumab treatment
did not increase the cure rate of COVID-19. A large scale of study enrolling more patients is needed.
·
Meng et al.
performed a parallel assigned controlled, non-randomized, phase 1 clinical trial to evaluate the safety of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) infusions in the treatment of patients with moderate
and severe COVID-19 pulmonary disease. No serious UC-MSCs infusion-associated adverse events were observed. Two patients receiving UC-MSCs developed transient facial flushing and fever, and one patient developed transient hypoxia at 12 h post UC-MSCs
transfusion. Mechanical ventilation was required in one patient in the treatment group compared with four in the control group. All patients recovered and were discharged. Our data show that intravenous UC-MSCs infusion in patients with moderate and severe
COVID-19 is safe and well tolerated.
DIAGNOSTICS
·
Kotaki et al.
Replicon, a non-infectious self-replicative viral RNA, could be a safe and effective tool for antiviral screening; however, SARS-CoV-2 replicon has not been reported yet. Authors generated a PCR-based SARS-CoV-2 replicon. This system could be applied
to the safe and effective antiviral screening without using infectious SARS-CoV-2.
·
Challener et al.
report that repeat RT-PCR testing 7 days after a negative test only had a 2% positive, thus may not be useful.
CORONAVIROLOGY
·
Kwon et al.
Authors report the stability of SARS-CoV-2 on various surfaces under indoor, summer and spring/fall conditions. The virus was more stable under the spring/fall condition
with virus half-lives ranging from 17.11 to 31.82 hours, whereas under indoor and summer conditions the virus half-lives were 3.5-11.33 and 2.54-5.58 hours, respectively.
·
Marchiano et al.
examined the cardiac tropism of SARS-CoV-2 using human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hPSC-CMs) and three-dimensional engineered heart tissues (3D-EHTs). We observe that hPSC-CMs express the viral receptor
ACE2 and other viral processing factors, and that SARS-CoV-2 readily infects and replicates within hPSC-CMs, resulting in rapid cell death. Moreover, infected hPSC-CMs show a progressive impairment in both electrophysiological and contractile properties. Thus,
COVID-19-related cardiac symptoms likely result from a direct cardiotoxic effect of SARS-CoV-2. Long-term cardiac complications might be possible sequelae in patients who recover from this illness.
HEALTHCARE RESPONSE
·
Sharma et al
investigated a decline in admissions for stroke and transient ischaemic attack (TIA) and emergency department (ED) stroke alert activations in the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic. The greatest decline in hospital admissions was observed between
23 March and 19 April 2020, with a 31% decline compared with the corresponding weeks in 2019. Median baseline stroke severity, using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, during these 4 weeks was 10 in 2020 and 7 in 2019.
·
Strauss et al
used national flight data to understand potential pandemic-related disruptions in the transportation network of kidneys across the United States. Fewer flights and longer wait times were reported.
·
Loveday et al evaluated the impact of faecal immunochemical testing (FIT) prioritisation to mitigate the impact of delays in the colorectal cancer (CRC) urgent diagnostic
(2-week-wait (2WW)) pathway consequent from the COVID-19 pandemic. We modelled the reduction in CRC survival and life years lost resultant from per-patient delays of 2-6 months in the 2WW pathway. Delay of 2/4/6 months across all 11 266 patients with CRC diagnosed
per typical year via the 2WW pathway were estimated to result in 653/1419/2250 attributable deaths respectively and loss of 9214/20 315/32 799 life years respectively.
Regards,
Lisa Waddell, Tricia Corrin, Rukshanda Ahmad, Robyn Odell, Maribeth Mitri, Julie Theriault, Dobrila Todoric, Alejandra Dubois, Christina Bancej, Austyn Baumeister, Anam Khan, Musaab Younis, Lien Mi Tien, Dima Ayache, Angela Sloan, Kaitlin
Young, Chatura Prematunge, Ainsley Otten
Focus areas: Modelling/ prediction, Epidemiology, Transmission, Clinical data, Surveillance, Coronavirology, Diagnostics / Pathogen detection, Therapeutics,
Vaccine Research, Public health interventions, Public Health response, Public Health Priorities, IPAC, Health care response, immunology, economics, animal model, zoonoses, Review Literature, Commentary/Editorial, news
Domaines cibles: Modélisation/prédiction, Épidémiologie, Transmission, Données cliniques, Surveillance, Coronavirologie, Diagnostics
/ Détection d'agents pathogènes, Thérapeutique, Recherche sur les vaccins, Interventions de santé publique, Priorités de santé publique, PCI,
Réponse des soins de santé, immunologie, économie, modèle animal, zoonoses, Revue de littérature, Commentaire/Éditorial, journaux
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PUBLICATIONS |
AUTHORS / AUTEURS |
SOURCE |
FOCI / DOMAINE |
SUMMARY / SOMMAIRE |
PMC7453700; Nano-clays as Potential Pseudo-antibodies for COVID-19 |
Abduljauwad, SN, Habib, et al |
Nanoscale Res Lett |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
In this study, molecular-level simulations and modeling of the interaction of coronavirus spike and hACE2 proteins
were performed with and without nano-clays. The results showed a very high level of affinity/cohesiveness among SARS-CoV-2 spike and nano-clays as compared to the one between the former and hACE2. We premise that these nano-clays since already being used as
drug carriers could also be injected as "clays-alone" medicine. Recommendations have also been provided for future in vitro and in vivo studies. |
|
Designing of epitope-based vaccine from the conserved
region of spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 |
Agarwal, Vidhu, Varadwaj, et al |
bioRxiv |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Vaccine Research| Recherche sur les vaccins |
This is an in-silico based study that predicts a novel T cell epitope from the conserved spike glycoprotein that could act as a target for designing of
the epitope-based vaccine. Further, B cell epitopes have also been found but the main work focuses on T cell epitope as the immunity generated by it is long lasting as compared to B cell epitope. |
|
Ahmed, W, Bertsch, et al |
Environ Res |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
The decay of RNA from SARS-CoV-2 and a potential surrogate, murine hepatitis virus (MHV), were investigated by RT-qPCR in untreated wastewater, autoclaved
wastewater, and dechlorinated tap water stored at 4, 15, 25, and 37°C. Temperature, then matrix type, most greatly influenced SARS-CoV-2 RNA first-order decay rates (k). The average T(90) (time required for 1 log(10) reduction) for RNA of SARS-CoV-2 ranged
from 8.04 to 27.8 days in untreated wastewater, 5.71 to 43.2 days in autoclaved wastewater, and 9.40 to 58.6 days in tap water. The average T(90) for RNA of MHV at 4 to 37˚C ranged from 7.44 to 56.6 in untreated wastewater, 5.58 to 43.1 days in autoclaved
wastewater, and 10.9 to 43.9 days in tap water. There was no statistically significant difference between RNA decay characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 and MHV were identified; thus, MHV is suggested as suitable persistence surrogate. Decay rate constants for all
temperatures were comparable across all matrices for both viral RNAs, except in untreated wastewater for SARS-CoV-2, which showed less sensitivity to elevated temperatures. Therefore, SARS-CoV-2 RNA is likely to persist long enough in untreated wastewater
to permit reliable detection. |
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Akinci, Ersin, Cha, et al |
bioRxiv |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
Through genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 screening and RNA sequencing, we show that remdesivir treatment leads to a repression of mitochondrial respiratory activity,
and we identify five genes whose loss significantly reduces remdesivir cytotoxicity. In particular, we show that loss of the mitochondrial nucleoside transporter SLC29A3 mitigates remdesivir toxicity without a commensurate decrease in SARS-CoV-2 antiviral
potency and that the mitochondrial adenylate kinase AK2 is a remdesivir kinase required for remdesivir efficacy and toxicity. This work elucidates the cellular mechanisms of remdesivir metabolism and provides a candidate gene target to reduce remdesivir cytotoxicity. |
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Al-Makki, A, Taber, et al |
Rev Med Virol |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We report the first case of COVID‐19 infection presenting as neutropenic fever in a renal transplant adult patient. |
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Al-Okaily, M, Alqudah, et al |
Data Brief |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
Besides the economic and social impacts, there is a dilemma of accepting the new educational system "e-learning" by
students within educational institutions. In particular, universities students have to handle several kinds of environmental, electronic and mental struggles due to COVID-19. To catch the current circumstances of more than two hundred thousand Jordanian university
student during COVID-19. The students have been randomly selected to respond on an online survey using universities' portals and websites between March and April 2020. At the end of the data gathering process, we have received 587 records. The results have
confirmed the positive of direct effect variables (subjective norm, perceived ease of use, and perceived usefulness) on the students' intention to use e-learning system. Next, the result has also confirmed the mediating effect of perceived usefulness and perceived
ease of use between subjective norm and the behavioral intention to use the e-learning system with partially supported. |
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Acceptability of App-Based Contact Tracing for COVID-19: Cross-Country Survey Study |
Altmann, S, Milsom, et al |
JMIR Mhealth Uhealth |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
The objective of this study is to investigate the user acceptability of a contact-tracing app in five countries hit
by the pandemic. We conducted a largescale, multicountry study (N=5995) to measure public support for the digital contact tracing of COVID-19 infections. We ran anonymous online surveys in France, Germany, Italy, the United Kingdom, and the United States.
We found strong support for the app under both regimes, in all countries, across all subgroups of the population, and irrespective of regional-level COVID-19 mortality rates. We investigated the main factors that may hinder or facilitate uptake and found that
concerns about cybersecurity and privacy, together with a lack of trust in the government, are the main barriers to adoption. |
|
Predictors of mortality for patients with COVID-19
and large vessel occlusion |
Altschul, DJ, Esenwa, et al |
Interv Neuroradiol |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
This study evaluates the mortality risk of patients with emergent large vessel occlusion (ELVO) and COVID-19 during
the pandemic. We performed a retrospective cohort study of two cohorts of consecutive patients with ELVO admitted to a quaternary hospital from March 1 to April 17, 2020. Of 179 patients admitted with ischemic stroke, 36 had ELVO. Patients with COVID-19 and
ELVO had a higher risk of mortality during the pandemic versus patients without COVID-19 (OR 16.63, p = 0.004). An age-based sub-analysis showed in-hospital mortality in 60% of COVID-19 positive patients between 61-70 years-old, 66.7% in between 51-60 years-old,
50% in between 41-50 years-old and 33.3% in between 31-40 years old. Patients that presented with pulmonary symptoms at time of stroke presentation had 71.4% mortality rate. 27.3% of COVID-19 patients presenting with ELVO had a good outcome at discharge (mRS
0-2). Patients with a history of cigarette smoking (p = 0.003), elevated d-dimer (p = 0.007), failure to recanalize (p = 0.007), and elevated ferritin levels (p = 0.006) had an increased risk of mortality. |
|
Alvarez, Ezequiel, Da Rold, et al |
arXiv |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Public health interventions*| Interventions
de santé publique |
We study a scheme for containing an outbreak in a city that consists in adding an extra firewall block between the
outbreak and the rest of the city. We implement a coupled compartment model with stochastic noise to simulate a localized outbreak that is partially isolated and analyze its evolution with and without firewall for different plausible model parameters. We explore
how further improvements could be achieved if the epidemic evolution would trigger policy changes for the flux and/or lock-down in the different blocks. Our results show that a substantial improvement is obtained by merely adding an extra block between the
outbreak and the bulk of the city. |
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Al-Zaqri, N, Pooventhiran, et al |
J Mol Liq |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
In this manuscript, we describe a detailed investigation into the quantum mechanical properties of melatonin, its spectral
features, reactivity preferences, and the results of docking studies with three known structural protein receptors of th enovel coronavirus-2. We found that melatonin docks strongly with the three proteins. We hypothesise that this compound can be used as
anadjuvant medicine for the treatment of COVID-19. Also, significant rest by a person peacefully sleeping in dark surroundings will enhance the production of this hormone, which could help in the management of current patients or as a preventive measure in
the vulnerable population |
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Amporndanai, K, Rogers, et al |
EBioMedicine |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique Animal model | Modèle animal |
We have utilised the ebselen template to develop novel compounds that redeem stability of mutant SOD1 dimer and prevent
aggregation. Binding modes of compounds have been visualised by crystallography. In vitro neuroprotection and toxicity of lead compounds have been performed in mouse neuronal cells and disease onset delay of ebselen has been demonstrated in transgenic ALS
mice model. FINDING: We have developed a number of ebselen-based compounds with improvements in A4V SOD1 stabilisation and in vitro therapeutic effects with significantly better potency than edaravone. Structure-activity relationship of hits has been guided
by high resolution structures of ligand-bound A4V SOD1. We also show clear disease onset delay of ebselen in transgenic ALS mice model holding encouraging promise for potential therapeutic compounds. |
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Establishment of murine hybridoma cells producing antibodies
against spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 |
Antipova, NadezhdaV, Larionova, et al |
bioRxiv |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
In this study we describe the development of hybridoma cells that can produce mouse mAbs against receptor binding domain
of SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein. These mAbs are able to specifically detect native and denaturized S protein in all tested applications including immunoblotting, immunofluorescence staining and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In addition, we showed that
the obtained mAbs decreased infection rate of human cells by SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus particles in in vitro experiments. Finally, we determined the amino acid sequence of light and heavy chains of the mAbs. This information will allow to use the corresponding
peptides to establish genetically engineered therapeutic antibodies. To date multiple mAbs against SARS-CoV-2 proteins have been established, however due to the restrictions caused by pandemic, it is imperative to have a local source of the antibodies suitable
for researches and diagnostics of COVID-19. Moreover, as each mAb has a unique binding sequence, bigger sets of various antibodies will allow to detect SARS-CoV-2 proteins even if the virus acquires novel mutations. |
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Ao, Zhujun, Chan, et al |
bioRxiv |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
In this study, we established a SCoV-2 Spike glycoprotein (SP), including a SP mutant D614G, pseudotyped HIV-1-based
vector system and tested their ability to infect ACE2-expressing cells. This study revealed that a C-terminal 17 amino acid deletion in SCoV-2 SP significantly increases the incorporation of SP into the pseudotyped viruses and enhanced its infectivity, which
may be helpful in the design of SCoV2-SP-based vaccine strategies. Moreover, based on this system, we have demonstrated that an aqueous extract from the Chinese herb Prunella vulgaris (CHPV) and a compound, suramin, displayed potent inhibitory effects on both
wild type and mutant (G614) SCoV-2 SP pseudotyped virus (SCoV-2-SP-PVs)-mediated infection. The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) for CHPV and suramin on SCoV-2-SP-PVs are 30, and 40 μg/ml, respectively. To define the mechanisms of their actions, we demonstrated
that both CHPV and suramin are able to directly interrupt SCoV-2–SP binding to its receptor ACE2 and block the viral entry step. Importantly, our results also showed that CHPV or suramin can efficiently reduce levels of cytopathic effect caused by SARS-CoV-2
virus (hCoV-19/Canada/ON-VIDO-01/2020) infection in Vero cells. Furthermore, our results demonstrated that the combination of CHPV/suramin with an anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody mediated more potent blocking effect against SCoV2-SP-PVs. |
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PMC7428714; On the efficiency of foreign exchange markets in times of the COVID-19
pandemic |
Aslam, F, Aziz, et al |
Technol Forecast Soc Change |
Economics | Économie |
We employ multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis (MF-DFA) to provide a first look at the efficiency of forex markets
during the initial period of the ongoing COVID-19, which has disrupted the global financial markets. We use high-frequency (5-min interval) data of six major currencies traded in forex markets during the period October 1, 2019 to 31 March 31, 2020. Overall,
the results confirm the presence of multifractality in forex markets, which demonstrates, in particular, (i) a decline in the efficiency of forex markets during the COVID-19 outbreak and (ii) heterogeneous effects on the strength of multifractality of exchange
rate returns under investigation. The largest effect is observed for the Australian dollar, which shows the highest (lowest) efficiency before (during) the COVID-19 pandemic, assessed in terms of low (high) multifractality. The Canadian dollar and the Swiss
Franc exhibit the highest efficiency during the COVID-19 outbreak. Our findings may help policymakers shape a comprehensive response to improve forex market efficiency during such a black swan event. |
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Low risk of COVID-19 among patients exposed to infected healthcare workers |
Baker, MA, Fiumara, et al |
Clin Infect Dis |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
Many patients are fearful of acquiring COVID-19 in hospitals and clinics. We characterized the risk of COVID-19 amongst
226 patients exposed to healthcare workers with confirmed COVID-19; one patient may have been infected, suggesting that the risk of COVID-19 transmission from healthcare workers to patients is generally low. |
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Vitamin D status and outcomes for hospitalised older patients with COVID-19 |
Baktash, V, Hosack, et al |
Postgrad Med J |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Older adults are more likely to be vitamin D deficient. The aim of the study was to determine whether these patients
have worse outcomes with COVID-19. We conducted a prospective cohort study between 1 March and 30 April 2020 to assess the importance of vitamin D deficiency in older patients with COVID-19. The cohort consisted of patients aged ≥65 years presenting with symptoms
consistent with COVID-19 (n=105). COVID-19-positive arm demonstrated lower median serum 25(OH)D level of 27 nmol/L (IQR=20-47 nmol/L) compared with COVID-19-negative arm, with median level of 52 nmol/L (IQR=31.5-71.5 nmol/L) (p value=0.0008). Among patients
with vitamin D deficiency, there was higher peak D-dimer level (1914.00 μgFEU/L vs 1268.00 μgFEU/L) (p=0.034) and higher incidence of NIV support and high dependency unit admission (30.77% vs 9.68%) (p=0.042). No increased mortality was observed between groups. |
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Does phenotypic expression of bitter taste receptor T2R38 show association with COVID-19
severity? |
Barham, HP, Taha, et al |
Int Forum Allergy Rhinol |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Multiple reports have shown subjective loss of taste and smell as an early and hallmark symptom for COVID-19. A retrospective
study was performed in our clinical practice during July 2020 on patients positive for SARS-CoV-2 via PCR. All patients were categorized into 3 groups (supertasters, tasters, & nontasters) via taste sensitivity to phenylthiocarbamide, thiourea, and sodium
benzoate with taste strip testing. 100 patients (mean 51 Range 24-82] years of age; 44 44%] female) were assessed. Our results showed that 21/100 (21%) were non-tasters, 79/100 (79%) were tasters, and 0/100 (0%) were supertasters (p<0.001). 21/21 (100%) (p<0.001)
of the patients requiring inpatient admission were classified as non-tasters. 79/79 (100%) (p<0.001) of the patients who displayed mild to moderate symptoms not requiring admission were classified as tasters. |
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Barnes, ChristopherO, Jette, et al |
bioRxiv |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
To determine structural correlates of SARS-CoV-2 neutralization, we solved 8 new structures of distinct COVID-19 hNAbs5
in complex with SARS-CoV-2 spike trimer or RBD. Structural comparisons allowed classification into categories: (1) VH3-53 hNAbs with short CDRH3s that block ACE2 and bind only to up RBDs, (2) ACE2-blocking hNAbs that bind both up and down RBDs and can contact
adjacent RBDs, (3) hNAbs that bind outside the ACE2 site and recognize up and down RBDs, and (4) Previously-described antibodies that do not block ACE2 and bind only up RBDs9. Class 2 comprised four hNAbs whose epitopes bridged RBDs, including a VH3-53 hNAb
that used a long CDRH3 with a hydrophobic tip to bridge between adjacent down RBDs, thereby locking spike into a closed conformation. Epitope/paratope mapping revealed few interactions with host-derived N-glycans and minor contributions of antibody somatic
hypermutations to epitope contacts. Affinity measurements and mapping of naturally-occurring and in vitro-selected spike mutants in 3D provided insight into the potential for SARS-CoV-2 escape from antibodies elicited during infection or delivered therapeutically.
These classifications and structural analyses provide rules for assigning current and future human RBD-targeting antibodies into classes, evaluating avidity effects, suggesting combinations for clinical use, and providing insight into immune responses against
SARS-CoV-2. |
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Outcome of COVID-19 in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia receiving tyrosine
kinase inhibitors |
Başcı, S, Ata, et al |
J Oncol Pharm Pract |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
In this study, we aim to report the outcome of COVID-19 in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients receiving tyrosine
kinase inhibitor (TKI). The data of 16 laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients with CML receiving TKI and age, gender, and comorbid disease matched COVID-19 patients without cancer at a 3/1 ratio (n = 48), diagnosed between March 11, 2020 and May 22, 2020 and
included in the Republic of Turkey, Ministry of Health database, were analyzed retrospectively. The rates of intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and mechanical ventilation (MV) support were lower in CML patients compared to the control group, however, these
differences did not achieve statistical significance (p = 0.1, and p = 0.2, respectively). The length of hospital stay was shorter in CML patients compared with the control group; however, it was not statistically significant (p = 0.8). The case fatality rate
(CFR) in COVID-19 patients with CML was 6.3%, and it was 12.8% in the control group. Although the CFR in CML patients with COVID-19 was lower compared to the control group, this difference did not achieve statistical significance (p = 0.5). When CML patients
were divided into 3 groups according to the TKI, no significant difference was observed regarding the rate of ICU admission, MV support, CFR, the length of stay in both hospital and ICU (all p > 0.05). |
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Baughn, LB, Sharma, et al |
Mayo Clin Proc |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
Using publicly available expression data, we show that both ACE2 and TMPRSS2 are expressed in many host tissues, including
lung. The highest expression of ACE2 is found in the testes, whereas the prostate displays the highest expression of TMPRSS2. Given the increased severity of disease among older men with SARS-CoV-2 infection, we address the potential roles of ACE2 and TMPRSS2
in their contribution to the sex differences in severity of disease. We show that expression levels of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 are overall comparable between men and women in multiple tissues, suggesting that differences in the expression levels of TMPRSS2 and ACE2
in the lung and other non-sex-specific tissues may not explain the gender disparities in severity of SARS CoV-2. However, given their instrumental roles for SARS-CoV-2 infection and their pleiotropic expression, targeting the activity and expression levels
of TMPRSS2 is a rational approach to treat COVID-19. |
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PMC7378473; Sarcoid-like reaction in a patient recovering from coronavirus disease
19 pneumonia |
Behbahani, S, Baltz, et al |
JAAD Case Rep |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We describe a 72-year old patient with new-onset, biopsy confirmed sarcoid-like reaction in the setting of COVID-19
pneumonia and postulate a role for this immunologic reaction in hastening disease recovery. |
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Impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on an Italian cohort of systemic sclerosis patients |
Bellan, M, Parisi, et al |
Scand J Rheumatol |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Abstract and full text not available. |
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Benlloch, JM, Cortés, et al |
Chaos Solitons Fractals |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
In this paper, we propose a computational random network model to study the transmission dynamics of COVID-19 in Spain.
Once the model has been calibrated and validated, we use it to simulate several scenarios where effective antivirals are available. The results show how the early use of antivirals may significantly reduce the incidence of COVID-19 and may avoid a new collapse
of the health system. |
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Berman, JP, Abrams, et al |
Indian Pacing Electrophysiol J |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
In this observational case series we report on 29 consecutive inpatient electrophysiology consultations at a major
academic medical center in New York City, the epicenter of the pandemic in the United States, during a 2 week period from March 30-April 12, 2020, when 80% of hospital beds were occupied by COVID-19 patients, and the New York City metropolitan area accounted
for 10% of COVID-19 cases worldwide. Reasons for consultation included: Atrial tachyarrhythmia (31%), cardiac implantable electronic device management (28%), bradycardia (14%), QTc prolongation (10%), ventricular arrhythmia (7%), post-transcatheter aortic
valve replacement conduction abnormality (3.5%), ventricular pre-excitation (3.5%), and paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (3.5%). Twenty-four patients (86%) were positive for COVID-19 by nasopharyngeal swab. All elective procedures were canceled, and
only one urgent device implantation was performed. Thirteen patients (45%) required in-person evaluation and the remainder were managed remotely. |
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COVID-19: Health and Economic Impacts of Societal Intervention
Policies in the U.S |
Boloori, Alireza, Saghafian, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique Economics | Économie |
To assist decision-makers, we make use of detailed data from 51 U.S. states on various factors, including number of
tests, positive and negative results, hospitalizations, ICU beds and ventilators used, residents' mobility, and deaths, and provide an analytical framework to measure per capita total costs versus quality-adjusted life years (QALY) under various intervention
policies. Our results show that, compared to a hypothetical no intervention during March-June 2020, the policies undertaken across the U.S. on average saved each person up to 4.04 days worth of QALY while incurring $3,284.67 for him/her. Had the states undertaken
more strict policies during the same time frame than those they adopted, the increase in the average QALY and cost per person would be up to 6 days and $4,953.81, respectively. We also find that stricter policies are not cost-effective at the typical willingness-to-pay
rates. Imposing such strict policies, however, may be inevitable in the near future, especially if the risk of a second wave of COVID-19 increases. Finally, in addition to quantifying the health and economic impacts of intervention policies, our results allow
federal and state authorities to avoid following a “one-size-fits-all" strategy, and instead enact policies that are better suited for each state. |
|
Boulle, A, Davies, et al |
Clin Infect Dis |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We conducted a population cohort study using linked data from adults attending public sector health facilities in the
Western Cape, South Africa. We used Cox-proportional hazards models adjusted for age, sex, location and comorbidities to examine the association between HIV, tuberculosis and COVID-19 death from 1 March-9 June 2020. Among 3,460,932 patients (16% HIV positive),
22,308 were diagnosed with COVID-19, of whom 625 died. COVID-19 death was associated with male sex, increasing age, diabetes, hypertension and chronic kidney disease. HIV was associated with COVID-19 mortality (adjusted hazard ratio aHR] 2.14; 95% confidence
interval CI] 1.70-2.70), with similar risks across strata of viral load and immunosuppression. Current and previous tuberculosis were associated with COVID-19 death (aHR 95%CI] 2.70 1.81-4.04] and 1.51 1.18-1.93] respectively). The SMR for COVID-19 death associated
with HIV was 2.39 (95%CI 1.96-2.86); population attributable fraction 8.5% (95%CI 6.1-11.1). |
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Bozkurt, F, Yousef, et al |
Chaos Solitons Fractals |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
In this study, we review the currently collected information about coronaviruses and establish a model of differential
equations with piecewise constant arguments to discuss the spread of the infection from the natural host to the intermediate, and from them to the human host, while we focus on the potential spillover of bat-borne coronaviruses. The local stability of the
positive equilibrium point of the model is considered via the Linearized Stability Theorem. Besides, we discuss global stability by employing an appropriate Lyapunov function. To analyze the outbreak in early detection, we incorporate the Allee effect at time
t and obtain stability conditions for the dynamical behavior. Furthermore, it is shown that the model demonstrates the Neimark-Sacker Bifurcation. Finally, we conduct numerical simulations to support the theoretical findings. |
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Modelling the backlog of COVID-19 cases for a surgical group |
Brandman, DM, Leck, et al |
Can J Surg |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
There is a lack of experience and guidance in dealing with this increased demand on an already overburdened health
care system. We created an online tool (www.covidbacklog.com) that helps surgeons explore how resource allocation within their group will affect wait times for patients. After inputting a handful of readily available variables, the computer program generates
a forecast of how long it will take to see the backlog of patients. This information could be used to allow surgical groups to run simulations to explore different resource allocation strategies in order to help prevent downstream consequences of delayed patient
care. |
|
Brooks, ZC, Das, et al |
Am J Clin Pathol |
Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes |
This study aimed to illustrate how patient risk and clinical costs are driven by false-positive and false-negative
results. Molecular, antigen, and antibody testing are the mainstay to identify infected patients and fight the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). To evaluate the test methods, sensitivity (percent positive agreement PPA]) and specificity
(percent negative agreement PNA]) are the most common metrics utilized, followed by the positive and negative predictive value-the probability that a positive or negative test result represents a true positive or negative patient. The number, probability,
and cost of false results are driven by combinations of prevalence, PPA, and PNA of the individual test selected by the laboratory. Molecular and antigen tests that detect the presence of the virus are relevant in the acute phase only. Serologic assays detect
antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in the recovering and recovered phase. Each testing methodology has its advantages and disadvantages. |
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MHC class II transactivator CIITA induces cell resistance to Ebola virus and SARS-like
coronaviruses |
Bruchez, A, Sha, et al |
Science |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
Using a transposon-mediated gene-activation screen in human cells, we identify that the MHC class II transactivator
(CIITA) has antiviral activity against EBOV. CIITA induces resistance by activating expression of the p41 isoform of invariant chain CD74, which inhibits viral entry by blocking cathepsin-mediated processing of the Ebola glycoprotein (EboGP). We further show
that CD74 p41 can block the endosomal entry pathway of coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2. These data therefore implicate CIITA and CD74 in host defense against a range of viruses, and identify an additional function of these proteins beyond their canonical
roles in antigen presentation. |
|
Cag, Y, Icten, et al |
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
This manuscript aims to present a treatment algorithm we applied to manage COVID-19 patients admitted to our hospital.
During the study period, 2043 patients with suspected COVID-19 were admitted to the emergency department. Molecular tests indicated that 475 of these patients tested positive for COVID-19. We administered hydroxychloroquine plus doxycycline to mild cases (isolated
at home) for 3 days and lopinavir plus doxycycline to moderate and severe cases (hospitalized) for 5 days. The overall case fatality rate was 4.2% (20/475). |
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Study of the gastrointestinal tumor progression during
the COVID-19 epidemic in Wuhan |
Cai, M, Wang, et al |
Br J Surg |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
We retrospectively analyzed 137 tumor patients admitted to our department on March and April, 2020 and 351 patients
in the same period in 2019 (Table 1). A special group of patients, who were diagnosed before the epidemic (2020 January) but had been suspended for 2 months were specially studied to identify the progression (Table S1, supporting information). We specially
focused on progression of the patients who were diagnosed with gastrointestinal tumor on January, 2020. Many of these patients previously planned to spend the spring holiday with the family and come back 7 days later, but ended up with a delay of 2 months
on average. The paired t test results proved that 2 months' delay led to advancedd lymph node metastasis stage an worse nutrition status in gastrointestinal tumor patients |
|
Castellano, A, Anzalone, et al |
Intensive Care Med |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Here we report a single-center retrospective analysis on brain CT findings in 23 patients with COVID-19 infection (21
M, 2F, mean age 60.2 ± 7.9 years), admitted to the two mobile ICUs at our hospital. All patients received invasive mechanical ventilation, six of them had veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO). As soon as clinical state allowed, both chest
and brain CT in one run were performed. |
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|
Castellini, G, Cassioli, et al |
Int J Eat Disord |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
longitudinal study was to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 epidemic on Eating Disorders (EDs) patients, considering
the role of pre-existing vulnerabilities. 4 patients with Anorexia Nervosa (AN) or Bulimia Nervosa (BN) and 97 healthy controls (HCs) were evaluated before lockdown (T1) and during lockdown (T2).Patients experienced increased compensatory exercise during
lockdown; BN patients also exacerbated binge eating. Lockdown interfered with treatment outcomes: the descending trend of ED-specific psychopathology was interrupted during the epidemic in BN patients. Previously remitted patients showed re-exacerbation of
binge eating after lockdown. Household arguments and fear for the safety of loved ones predicted increased symptoms during the lockdown. BN patients reported more severe COVID-19-related post-traumatic symptomatology than AN and HCs, and these symptoms were
predicted by childhood trauma and insecure attachment. |
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|
Castillo, O, Melin, et al |
Chaos Solitons Fractals |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
We describe in this paper a hybrid intelligent approach for forecasting COVID-19 time series combining fractal theory
and fuzzy logic. The mathematical concept of the fractal dimension is used to measure the complexity of the dynamics in the time series of the countries in the world. Fuzzy Logic is used to represent the uncertainty in the process of making a forecast. The
hybrid approach consists on a fuzzy model formed by a set of fuzzy rules that use as input values the linear and nonlinear fractal dimensions of the time series and as outputs the forecast for the countries based on the COVID-19 time series of confirmed cases
and deaths. The main contribution is the proposed hybrid approach combining the fractal dimension and fuzzy logic for enabling an efficient and accurate forecasting of COVID-19 time series. Publicly available data sets of 10 countries in the world have been
used to build the fuzzy model with time series in a fixed period. After that, other periods of time were used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach for the forecasted values of the 10 countries. Forecasting windows of 10 and 30 days ahead were
used to test the proposed approach. Forecasting average accuracy is 98%, which can be considered good considering the complexity of the COVID problem. The proposed approach can help people in charge of decision making to fight the pandemic can use the information
of a short window to decide immediate actions and also the longer window (like 30 days) can be beneficial in long term decisions. |
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|
Cattalini, Marco, Della Paolera, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Rheumatology Study Group of the Italian Pediatric Society launched a survey to enroll patients diagnosed with KD or
KD-like disease. One-hundred-forty-nine patients were recruited (96 KDG and 53 KCG). KCG children significantly differed for older age at onset and more frequent occurrence of mucocutaneous manifestations, irritability, gastrointestinal and respiratory symptoms,
oxygen supplementation and ventilation, ICU recovery, and secondary Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis. KCG and KDG patients significantly differed in clinical manifestations and heart outcome. KDG children did not differ from a historic cohort of KD. Our
data would suggest that SARS-CoV-2 infection may be linked to two inflammatory conditions in children: the classic KD, possibly triggered by SARS-CoV-2, and the multisystem inflammatory syndrome, that has already been referred as PIMS-TS or MIS-C. |
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|
Çetin, FH, Uçar, et al |
Chronobiol Int |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between chronotype preference/sleep problems and symptom severity
of children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) during the COVID-19 outbreak and to assess the chronotype preference/sleep problems that may play a mediating role in the relationship between the reactions to trauma and severity of ADHD symptoms.
The sample of this single-center cross-sectional study consisted of 76 children with ADHD and their parents. Trauma symptoms were evaluated with the Children's Impact of Event Scale (CRIES-8); sleep habits were assessed using the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire
(CSHQ); and chronotype was assessed using the Children's Chronotype Questionnaire (CCQ). There were significant differences in CRIES-8 and CSHQ scores between the eveningness type group and the non-eveningness type group. The CRIES-8 scores of children with
ADHD were related to the CCQ and CSHQ scores and severity of ADHD symptoms. In mediation analyses, sleep problems were found to be the full mediating factor in the relationship between CRIES-8 scores and severity of ADHD symptoms and the relationship between
CCQ scores and the severity of ADHD symptoms. Our findings indicate that chronotype plays an important role on the negative effects of home confinement of ADHD children during the COVID-19 outbreak. The role of the full mediator of sleep problems in the path
from cognition to the behavior of young ADHD and non-ADHD children confined to the home environment during the pandemic period requires further assessment. |
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Cetinkal, G, Kocas, et al |
Am J Cardiol |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
modified CHA2DS2VASC (M-CHA2DS2VASc) risk score (RS) includes the prognostic risk factors for COVID-19. In ROC analysis,
comparative discriminative ability of M-CHA2DS2VASC RS was superior to CHA2DS2VASC RS score. Area under the curve (AUC) values for in-hospital mortality were 0.70 and 0.64 respectively. (AUC(M-CHA2DS2-VASc) vs. AUC(CHA2DS2-VASc) z test=3.56, p 0.0004) In conclusion,
admission M-CHA2DS2VASc RS may be a useful tool to predict in-hospital mortality in patients with COVID-19. |
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Low Utility of Repeat Real-Time PCR Testing for SARS-CoV-2 in Clinical Specimens |
Challener, DW, Shah, et al |
Mayo Clin Proc |
Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes |
In a multicenter cohort of 22,315 patients tested for COVID-19, 1676 (7.5%) had repeat testing via real-time polymerase
chain reaction following an initial negative test. Of those retested within 7 days of their first negative test, only 2.0% had a positive result. This suggests that repeat testing from the same source is unlikely to provide additional information. |
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Reversible cardiac dysfunction in severe COVID-19 infection, mechanisms and case report |
Chao, CJ, DeValeria, et al |
Echocardiography |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
A previously healthy 49-year-old male patient presented with COVID-19 infection and required mechanical ventilation
and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation due to severe hypoxemia. Echocardiography showed cardiac dysfunction with an apical sparing strain pattern, which rapidly normalized within a week. Apical sparing myocardial strain in patients with COVID-19 infection
may suggest reverse-type stress cardiomyopathy. |
|
Chen, L, Liu, et al |
Immun Inflamm Dis |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
This study sought to explore disease progression patterns and risk factors associated with mortality of deceased patients
with COVID-19. Epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, and imaging data (from 15 January to 26 March 2020) of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients were collected retrospectively from two hospitals, Hubei province, China. Multiorgan dysfunction was common
in deceased COVID-19 patients. Deceased patients presented progressive deterioration pattern, while surviving patients presented a relatively stable pattern during disease progression. Older age, number of preexisting comorbidities ≥2, and SOFA score were
independent risk factors for death for COVID-19. |
|
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Analysis of clinical features of COVID-19 in cancer patients |
Cheng, WT, Ke, et al |
Acta Oncol |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Behind Paywall: About cancer patients with COVID in Wuhan up to March 19. |
|
The impact of COVID-19 on access to Parkinson's disease medication |
Cheong, JLY, Goh, et al |
Mov Disord |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
We aimed to examine whether COVID-19 had an impact on access to PD medication by region and income. Of 346 responses,
157 (45.4%) agreed that COVID-19 had affected access to PD medication. 22.8% of high income and 88.9% of low-income countries' respondents agreed that access to PD medication was affected by COVID-19. 59% of 'yes' respondents reported increased disability
of patients as an impact. |
|
Wnt5a and Wnt11 as acute respiratory distress syndrome biomarkers for SARS-CoV-2
patients |
Choi, EY, Park, et al |
Eur Respir J |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
The concentrations of Wnt5a, Wnt11, or cytokines in SARS-CoV-2 patients' plasma was quantified. ELISA analysis showed
marginal difference in the Wnt5a secretion level between the SARS-CoV2 infection and the control group. Irrespectively, the Wnt5a protein level was dramatically increased in the blood of SARS-CoV-2 ARDS (fig. 1Ba). Interestingly, the Wnt5a protein level was
rescued in discharged individuals (fig. 1Ba). This was consistent in the survived patients, where the Wnt5a level remained low in the plasma but significant high level of Wnt5a was still observed in the dead patients, thus demonstrating correlation of the
Wnt5 level with the severity of the disease (fig. 1Bb). On the contrary, Wnt11 protein level was robustly induced in the plasma of SARS-CoV2 patients and discharged individuals, but remained at normal levels in SARS-CoV-2 ARDS, where the Wnt5a level was detected
at its highest (fig. 1Bc and Bd). |
|
Modeling the Impact of COVID-19 on Dental Insurance Coverage and Utilization |
Choi, SE, Simon, et al |
J Dent Res |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
Since March 2020, the national unemployment rate has increased by 8.40 percentage points, an increase expected to result
in more than 16 million individuals losing ESDI in the United States. Of these individuals, 45.0% are likely to enroll in their state's Medicaid and Children's Health Insurance Program, and 47.0% are expected to become uninsured. With these expected changes
in dental insurance coverage, the average dental practice would experience decreases in routine checkup visits but increases in tooth extraction, a procedure that is highly used by publicly insured or uninsured patients. In addition, dental-related ED visits
would be expected to grow by 4.0%. Losses of employment caused by the COVID-19 in the United States can have countervailing effects on people's health by impeding access to dental care. Lack of dental insurance is expected to be more pronounced in states that
have not expanded Medicaid or do not provide Medicaid dental benefits for adults. |
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SARS-CoV-2 lineage B.6 is the major contributor to
transmission in Malaysia |
Chong, Yoong Min, Sam, et al |
bioRxiv |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
We obtained whole genome sequences of SARS-CoV-2 from 58 COVID-19 patients in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Nine different
SARS-CoV-2 lineages (A, B, B.1, B.1.1, B.1.1.1, B.1.36, B.2, B.3 and B.6) were detected in Malaysia. The B.6 lineage was first reported a week after the mass gathering and became predominant (63%) despite being relatively rare (1.4%) among available global
sequences. Increases in reported cases and community-acquired B.6 lineage strains were temporally linked. Non-B.6 lineages were mainly associated with travel and showed limited onward transmission. There were also temporally-correlated increases in B.6 sequences
in other Southeast Asian countries, India and Australia, linked to participants returning from this event. We also report the presence of a nsp3-C6310A substitution found in 40.5% of global B.6 sequences which has associated with reduced sensitivity in a commercial
assay |
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Antiganglioside antibodies in Guillain-Barré syndrome associated with SARS-CoV-2
infection |
Civardi, C, Collini, et al |
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
report a new case of COVID-19 initially presenting with acute GBS. On 24 March 2020, a 72-year-old woman |
|
Evaluation of diagnostic accuracy of 10 serological assays for detection
of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies |
Cobos, AinhoaGutiérrezMD, PhD, et al |
Research Square prepub |
Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes Immunology
| Immunologie |
Background Antibody detection is essential to establish exposure, infection and immunity to SARS-CoV-2, as well as
to perform epidemiological studies. The worlwide urge for new diagnostic tools to control the pandemic has led to a quick in- corporation in clinical practice of the recently developed serological assays. Methods We evaluated the diagnostic accuracy to detect
Ig G, Ig M+A and/or IgA anti SARS-CoV-2 of 10 different assays: 3 Lateral Flow card inmunoassays, 4 en- zyme-linked inmunoabsorbent assay (ELISA) and 3 chemiluminescent particle immunoassays (CMIA). Using PCR for COVID-19 as gold standard, sensitivity, specificity,
PPV, and NPV were determined. Each assay was tested in 2 groups: Positive Controls, formed by 50 sera from 50 patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneu- monia with positive PCR; Negative Controls, formed by 50 sera from 50 pa- tients with respiratory infection non-COVID-19.
Results Sensitivity range of the 10 assays evaluated for patients with positive COVID-19 PCR was 40-77% (65-81% considering IgG plus IgM). Specificity ranged 83-100%. VPP and VPN were respectively 81-100% and 61.6-81%. Conclusions Results obtained varied widely
among the assays evaluated. Highest diagnostic accuracy was obtained with ELISA and CMIAs, but they last much longer. |
|
Cojutti, PG, Londero, et al |
Clin Pharmacokinet |
Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
The aim of this study was to assess the population pharmacokinetics of darunavir in SARS-CoV-2 patients compared with
HIV patients. his is a proof-of-concept of SARS-CoV-2 disease-drug interactions, and may support the need for optimal dose selection of sensitive CYP3A4 substrates in severe SARS-CoV-2 patients. |
|
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PMC7382416; Severe Bilateral Vision Loss in 2 Patients With Coronavirus Disease
2019 |
Cyr, DG, Vicidomini, et al |
J Neuroophthalmol |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Case reports: vision loss in two COVID-19 cases. |
|
Dai, LL, Wang, et al |
PLoS One |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
This study aimed to determine the prevalence and major influencing factors of anxiety and depressive symptoms among
COVID-19 patients admitted to Fangcang shelter hospitals. From February 23, 2020, to February 26, 2020, The prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms were 18.6% and 13.4%, respectively. Poor sleep quality and having ≥ two current physical symptoms were
independent risk factors for anxiety symptoms. Female sex, having a family member with confirmed COVID-19, and having ≥ two current physical symptoms were independent risk factors for depressive symptoms. Anxiety and depressive symptoms were found to be common
among COVID-19 patients in Fangcang Shelter Hospital, with some patients being at high risk. |
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|
Darcy Mahoney, A, White, et al |
J Perinatol |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
A cross-sectional survey from April 21 to 30, 2020. NICU policies preserving 24/7 parental presence decreased (83-53%,
p < 0.001) and of preserving full parental participation in rounds fell (71-32%, p < 0.001). Single-family room design NICUs best preserved 24/7 parental presence after the emergence of COVID-19 (single-family room 65%, hybrid-design 57%, open bay design 45%,
p = 0.018). In all, 120 (43%) NICUs reported reductions in therapy services, lactation medicine, and/or social work support. |
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|
Das, RC |
Chaos Solitons Fractals |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
The present study aims to forecast the number of incidences in severely affected seven countries, USA, UK, Italy, Spain,
France, China and India, for the period July 12-Septmeber 11, 2020 and compares the forecasted values with the actual values to judge its depth of severity and growth. Box-Jenkins method of forecasting in an Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA)
structure. |
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|
Dash, Pujarini, Turuk, et al |
bioRxiv |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
The aim of this study was to analyze the RNA binding domain (RBD) sequence of spike protein from the isolates collected
from the throat swab samples of COVID-19 positive cases and further to assess the RBD affinity with ACE2 of different species including human. RBDs of all the Indian isolates are capable of binding to ACE2 of human, bat, hamster and pangolin.As mutated RBD
showed stronger interaction with human ACE2, it could potentially result in higher infectivity. The study shows that RBDs of all the studied isolates have binding affinity for all the five species, which suggests that the virus can infect a wide variety of
animals which could also act as natural reservoir for SARS-CoV-2 |
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de Anda-Jáuregui, Guillermo, Hernández-Lemus, et al |
arXiv |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Public health interventions*| Interventions
de santé publique |
Models of Mexico City: We found that a new peak of cases in the epidemic curve was very likely for scenarios in which
more than 5% of the population rejoined the public space; The return of more than 50% of the population synchronously will unleash a peak of a magnitude similar to the one that was predicted with no mitigation strategies. By evaluating the tendencies of the
epidemic dynamics, the number of new cases registered, new cases hospitalized, and new deaths, we consider that under this scenario, reactivation following only elective measures may not be optimal. Given the need to reactivate economic activities, we suggest
to consider alternative measures that allow to diminish the contacts among people returning to the public space. We evaluated that by "encapsulating" reactivated workers may allow a reactivation of a larger fraction of the population without compromising the
desired tendency in the epidemic curve |
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Why Did Israelis Comply with COVID-19 Mitigation Measures During
the Initial First Wave Lockdown? |
de Bruijn, Anne Leonore, Feldman, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
Adherence to PHM Israel April 2020: The data of 411 adult participants, gathered using survey research, showed that
overall, compliance levels at that time were high. It finds that compliance depended on a combination of moral factors, such as people’s moral duty to obey the law and people’s tendency to obey the law generally. In addition, people who had friends over 75
years old were more likely to comply. Furthermore, people were more likely to comply if they were able to do so, and less likely to violate if they did not have the opportunity to do so. The study did not find that fear of punishment (deterrence) was significantly
associated with compliance. Overall, these findings are in line with studies conducted the United States, the United Kingdom, and the Netherlands. |
|
de Castro, AlexandreA, Assis, et al |
Research Square prepub |
Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
In this in silico study, the different pharmaceutical co-crystals based on the (hydroxy)chloroquine with the macrolide
antibiotics (azithromycin, clarithromycin, or erythromycin A) was analyzed for the first time. These findings present a new molecular perspective and, therefore, suggest that the combination of (hydroxy)chloroquine/azithromycin, in the stoichiometric ratio
of 1:1, as model co-crystals systems have less toxicity as well as is the most effective for inhibiting the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. |
|
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De Jesús-González, Luis Adrián, Osuna-Ramos, et al |
Research Square prepub |
Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
In the present study, compounds derived from plants, fungi, and nucleoside 5'-triphosphate or uridine nucleotide analogs,
with anti-DENV activity in vitro or in vivo, were analyzed by molecular docking as potential anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs. Anthraquinone, with a DENV NS3 protease inhibitory activity; Balapiravir, Fisetin, Hyperoside, and Sofosbuvir, with a DENV NS5 RNA-polymerase
inhibitory activity; and Quercetin, with both anti-NS3-NS5 activities, were tested against 3C-like protease and RNA-polymerase of SARS-CoV-2. All these drugs demonstrated a high affinity for the corresponding SARS-CoV-2 proteins, representing excellent candidates
for the treatment of COVID-19. Therefore, in vitro or in vivo studies should be carried out using these compounds on models for SARS-CoV-2 infection. |
|
|
de Vries, Maren, Mohamed, et al |
bioRxiv |
Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
Here, we perform a comparative analysis of PF-00835231 and remdesivir in A549+ACE2 cells, using isolates of two major
SARS-CoV-2 clades. PF-00835231 is antiviral for both clades, and, in this assay, statistically more potent than remdesivir. A time-of-drug-addition approach delineates the timing of early SARS-CoV-2 life cycle steps and validates PF-00835231’s time of action.
Both PF-00835231 and remdesivir potently inhibit SARS-CoV-2 in human polarized airway epithelial cultures. Thus, our study provides in vitro evidence for the potential of PF-00835231 as an effective antiviral for SARS-CoV-2, addresses concerns from non-human
in vitro models, and supports further studies with this compound. |
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|
Depypere, LP, Daddi, et al |
Eur J Cardiothorac Surg |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
OBJECTIVES: There is widespread acknowledgement that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has disrupted surgical services.
The European Society of Thoracic Surgeons (ESTS) sent out a survey to assess what impact the COVID-19 pandemic has had on the practice of thoracic oncology surgery. METHODS: All ESTS members were invited (13-20 April 2020) to complete an online questionnaire
of 26 questions, designed by the ESTS learning affairs committee. RESULTS: The response rate was 23.0% and the completeness rate was 91.2%. The number of treated COVID-positive cases per hospital varied from fewer than 20 cases (30.6%) to more than 200 cases
(22.7%) per hospital. Most hospitals (89.1%) postponed surgical procedures. All hospitals performed patient screening with a nasopharyngeal swab, but only 6.7% routinely tested health care workers. A total of 20% of respondents reported that multidisciplinary
meetings were completely cancelled and 66%, that multidisciplinary decisions were not different from normal practice. Trends were recognized in prioritizing surgical patients based on age (younger than 70), type of surgery (lobectomy or less), size of tumour
(T1-2) and lymph node involvement (N1). Sixty-three percent of respondents reported that surgeons were involved in daily care of COVID-19-positive patients. Fifty-three percent mentioned that full personal protective equipment was available to them when treating
a COVID-19-positive patient. CONCLUSIONS: The COVID-19 pandemic has created issues for the safety of health care workers, and surgeons have been forced to change their routine practice. However, there was no consensus about surgical priorities in lung cancer
patients, demonstrating the need for the production of specific guidelines. |
|
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Collapsing glomerulopathy in a patient of Indian descent in the setting of COVID-19 |
Deshmukh, S, Zhou, et al |
Ren Fail |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Case report of a 42 year old male with COVID-19 who developed collapsing glomerulopathy. |
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Neutralizing antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in COVID-19 patients |
Deshpande, GR, Sapkal, et al |
Indian J Med Res |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Immunology | Immunologie |
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: : The global pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus has challenged public health system worldwide
due to the unavailability of approved preventive and therapeutic options. Identification of neutralizing antibodies (NAb) and understanding their role is important. However, the data on kinetics of NAb response among COVID-19 patients are unclear. To understand
the NAb response in COVID-19 patients, we compared the findings of microneutralization test (MNT) and plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) for the SARS-CoV-2. Further, the kinetics of NAb response among COVID-19 patients was assessed. METHODS: : A total
of 343 blood samples (89 positive, 58 negative for SARS-CoV-2 and 17 cross-reactive and 179 serum from healthy individuals) were collected and tested by MNT and PRNT. SARS-CoV-2 virus was prepared by propagating the virus in Vero CCL-81 cells. The intra-class
correlation was calculated to assess the correlation between MNT and PRNT. The neutralizing endpoint as the reduction in the number of plaque count by 90 per cent (PRNT 90) was also calculated. RESULTS: : The analysis of MNT and PRNT quantitative results indicated
that the intra-class correlation was 0.520. Of the 89 confirmed COVID-19 patients, 64 (71.9%) showed NAb response. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSIONS: : The results of MNT and PRNT were specific with no cross-reactivity. In the early stages of infection, the NAb
response was observed with variable antibody kinetics. The neutralization assays can be used for titration of NAb in recovered/vaccinated or infected COVID-19 patients. |
|
Di Lorito, C, Bosco, et al |
BMJ Open |
RCT |
The Promoting Activity, Independence and Stability in Early Dementia (PrAISED) randomised controlled trial (RCT) is
evaluating a home-based, face-to-face, individually tailored, activity and exercise programme for people living with dementia. Social distancing requirements following the COVID-19 pandemic necessitated rapid changes to intervention delivery. A mixed-methods
process evaluation will investigate how the changes were implemented and the impact that these have on participants' experience. An implementation study will investigate how the intervention was delivered during the pandemic. A study on the mechanisms of impact
and context will investigate how these changes were experienced by the PrAISED participants, their carers and the therapists delivering the intervention. The study will commence in May 2020. |
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Changes in Emergency General Surgery During Covid-19 in Scotland: A Prospective
Cohort Study |
Dick, L, Green, et al |
World J Surg |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
INTRODUCTION: Covid-19 has had a significant impact on all aspects of health care. We aimed to characterise the trends
in emergency general surgery at a district general hospital in Scotland. METHODS: A prospective cohort study was performed from 23/03/20 to 07/05/20. All emergency general surgery patients were included. Demographics, diagnosis and management were recorded
along with Covid-19 testing and results. Thirty-day mortality and readmission rates were also noted. Similar data were collected on patients admitted during the same period in 2019 to allow for comparison. RESULTS: A total of 294 patients were included. There
was a 58.3 per cent reduction in admissions when comparing 2020 with 2019 (85 vs 209); however, there was no difference in age (53.2 vs 57.2 years, p = 0.169) or length of stay (4.8 vs 3.7 days, p = 0.133). During 2020, the diagnosis of appendicitis increased
(4.3 vs 18.8 per cent, p = grade 1 vs 58.3 per cent > grade 1, p = < 0.05). The proportion of patients undergoing surgery increased (19.1 vs 42.3 per cent, p = < 0.05) as did the mean operating time (102.4 vs 145.7 min, p = < 0.05). Surgery was performed
in 1 confirmed and 1 suspected Covid-19 patient. The latter died within 30 days. There were no 30-day readmissions with Covid-19 symptoms. CONCLUSION: Covid-19 has significantly impacted the number of admissions to emergency general surgery. However, emergency
operating continues to be needed at pre-Covid-19 levels and as such provisions need to be made to facilitate this. |
|
Doherty, FV, Odeyemi, et al |
Data Brief |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
This data attempted to evaluate the knowledge, impacts, and government intervention during the pandemic. An online
survey was conducted using a questionnaire shared via social media using a Snowball sampling technique. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and analysis of variance (ANOVA). A total of 387 responses was received. Results show that a significant
number of respondents had adequate knowledge about COVID-19 modes of transmission, symptoms, and preventive measures. Respondents maintain personal hygiene as 67% wash their hands with soap. The pandemic has caused worry (65%), anxiety (42%), panic (35%),
and depression (16%) among respondents, even as government intervention is seen as inadequate by 70%. There is a need for mental health support and increased information campaigns about COVID-19. |
|
|
Dora, AV, Winnett, et al |
Clin Infect Dis |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Immunology | Immunologie |
We characterized serology following a nursing home outbreak where residents were serially tested by RT-PCR and positive
residents were cohorted. When tested 46-76 days later, 24/26 RT-PCR-positive residents were seropositive; none of the 124 RT-PCR-negative residents had confirmed seropositivity, supporting serial SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR testing and cohorting in nursing homes. |
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Stroke Care in the United Kingdom During the COVID-19 Pandemic |
Douiri, Abdel, Muruet, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
We aimed to describe the impact of the initial wave of the pandemic on admissions, care quality and outcomes in patients
with acute stroke in the United Kingdom. Methods: Registry based cohort study of patients with acute stroke admitted to hospital in England, Wales and Northern Ireland between 1st October 2019 and 30th April 2020, and equivalent periods in the three prior
years. Results: 114 hospitals provided data for a study cohort of 184,017 patients. During the lockdown period (March 23rd-April 30th) there was a 12% reduction in the number of admissions compared to the same period in the three previous years. Admissions
fell more for ischemic than hemorrhagic stroke, for older patients, and for patients with less severe strokes. Quality of care was preserved for all measures and in some domains improved during lockdown (direct access to stroke unit care, 1 hour brain imaging,
swallow screening). Although there was no change in the proportion of patients discharged with good outcome, seven day in-patient case fatality increased from 6.9% to 9.4%, and was 22.0% in patients with confirmed or suspected COVID-19. |
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Dwarka, D, Agoni, et al |
|
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
The current study aimed to identify potential COVID-19 therapeutic agents from a list of 29 bioactive compounds isolated
from commonly used South African medicinal plants using molecular docking and molecular dynamics. Molecular docking identified arabic acid from Acacia senegal and L-canavanine found in Sutherlandia frutescens as a potential inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 3C-like
main protease. These four bioactive compounds exhibited favourable binding orientations characterized by strong molecular interactions within respective inhibitors binding pockets of the target enzymes. Molecular dynamics simulations revealed that the binding
of the identified inhibitors are characterized by structural perturbations which favour the inhibitory potency of these bioactive compounds. Additionally, in silico pharmacokinetic assessment of the compounds demonstrated favourable anti-SARS-CoV-2 properties. |
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PMC7417915; Multi-organ failure after acute kidney injury in patient with HIV and
COVID-19 |
Elhadi, M, Momen, et al |
New Microbes New Infect |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Case report of first COVID-19 death in Libya - 86 year old female. |
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PMC7453077; A COVID-19 screening tool for oncology telephone triage |
Elkin, E, Viele, et al |
Support Care Cancer |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
PURPOSE: Symptoms associated with COVID-19 infection have made the assessment and triage of cancer patients extremely
complicated. The purpose of this paper is to describe the development and implementation of a COVID-19 screening tool for oncology telephone triage. METHODS: An Ambulatory Oncology Clinical Nurse Educator and three faculty members worked on the development
of an oncology specific triage tool based on the challenges that oncology nurses were having with the generic COVID triage tool. A thorough search of the published literature, as well as pertinent websites, verified that no screening tool for oncology patients
was available. RESULTS: The screening tool met a number of essential criteria: (1) simple and easy to use, (2) included the most common signs and symptoms as knowledge of COVID-19 infection changed, (3) was congruent with the overall screening procedures of
the medical center, (4) included questions about risk factors for and environmental exposures related to COVID-19, and (5) assessed patient's current cancer history and treatment status. Over a period of 3 weeks, the content and specific questions on the tool
were modified based on information obtained from a variety of sources and feedback from the triage nurses. CONCLUSION: Within 1 month, the tool was developed and implemented in clinical practice. Oncology clinicians can modify this tool to triage patients
as well as to screen patients in a variety of outpatient settings (e.g., chemotherapy infusion units, radiation therapy departments). The tool will require updates and modifications based on available resources and individual health care organizations' policies
and procedures. |
|
Emiru, Tigabu, Birlie, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
The aim of this study is to assess knowledge, practice and associated factors towards prevention of novel corona virus
among clients in Debre Tabor general hospital, Northwest Ethiopia, 2020. Method:s Institution based cross sectional study design was conducted in DTGH from May 15 to May 30, 2020. A structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Result: Among the
study participants 54.2% with and 49.0% have good knowledge and good practice on COVID 19 preventions respectively. Sex, family size and heard from social media were significantly associated with knowledge of respondents. Knowledge was significantly associated
with practice of clients. Residency and those heard from TV were significant variables for both. |
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COVID-19 detection in Chest X-ray Images using Deep Learning |
Erdem, Ebru, Aydın, et al |
Research Square prepub |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection
d'agents pathogènes |
In this study, solutions were developed with proposed models based on deep neural networks (DNN). All analyzes were
performed on CXR data received on the publicly available. This paper offers a comparison of the deep learning models (SqueezeNet, Inception-V3, VGG16, MobileNet, Xception, VGG19+MobileNet (Concatenated)) that results in the detection and classification of
disease. Empirical evaluations demonstrate that the Inception-V3 model gives 90% accuracy with 100% precision for the COVID-19 infection. This model has been provided with better results compared to other models. |
|
Erden, A, Ozdemir, et al |
J Med Virol |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
BACKGROUND: Covid-19 pandemic has been affecting whole world by increasing morbidity and mortality rate day by day.
Treatment algorithms have been attempted as parallel to the increasing experience with Covid-19. In the pathogenesis of this virus proinflammatory cytokine storm has been called to have the main role. The right timing should be made for treatments. We proposed
IL- 1 blocking by anakinra in seventeen Covid-19 patients at high risk of worsening. METHODS: Patients were assessed according to HScore, SOFA Sequential Organ Failure Assessment Score= SOFA], MuLBSTA Score (Multilobular infiltration, Hypo-Lymphocytosis, Bacterial
coinfection, Smoking history, hyper-Tension, and Age), Brescia-COVID respiratory severity scale (BCRSS). RESULTS: In our study, mortality rate was 17.6%. Consequently, 1 (5.9%) patient was receiving low-flow oxygen supply, 3 (17.6%) patients needed no longer
oxygen supply and 10 (58.8%) patients were discharged from hospital. CONCLUSION: According to results of our study in the manner of general evaluation; we found that SOFA, MuLBSTA and BCRSS scores were one step ahead according to HScore being insufficient
to determine early phases of the disease. In our opinion, the prominent factors those emphasize the use of Anakinra could be listed as comorbidity, risk or presence of secondary infection, ongoing malignant disease. However, the other factors those enhance
the use of Anakinra in the situation of viremia also could be sorted as no response to full dose antivirals, antiviral side effects or no success to antiviral treatment. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. |
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|
Evangelou, N, Garjani, et al |
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We intended to capture the picture of COVID-19 among pwMS and their risk of contracting the disease. Here, we report
our findings from 17 March to 24 April 2020. PwMS completed a specific COVID-19 related survey which was combined with data held from before the pandemic where available. The primary outcome of the study is participant-reported self-diagnosis of COVID-19.
Participants were asked if their diagnosis was confirmed by testing—the available test in the UK was reverse transcriptase-PCR. Participants reported if their sibling without MS, closest in age who was not living with them, had self-diagnosed COVID-19. Self-isolation
predicted a lower likelihood of having self-diagnosed COVID-19 (OR 0.064 (0.016 to 0.259)) but not confirmed COVID-19. Participants on DMTs were less likely to have self-diagnosed. |
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Case report: SARS-CoV-2 induced urticaria or just a concomitance? |
Fida, M, Mala, et al |
Dermatol Ther |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Case report of a 54 year old man who developed intense itching post COVID-19 recovery |
|
Flores-Alanis, A, Sandner-Miranda, et al |
BMC Res Notes |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
OBJECTIVE: In December 2019 a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) that is causing the current COVID-19 pandemic was identified
in Wuhan, China. Many questions have been raised about its origin and adaptation to humans. In the present work we performed a genetic analysis of the Spike glycoprotein (S) of SARS-CoV-2 and other related coronaviruses (CoVs) isolated from different hosts
in order to trace the evolutionary history of this protein and the adaptation of SARS-CoV-2 to humans. RESULTS: Based on the sequence analysis of the S gene, we suggest that the origin of SARS-CoV-2 is the result of recombination events between bat and pangolin
CoVs. The hybrid SARS-CoV-2 ancestor jumped to humans and has been maintained by natural selection. Although the S protein of RaTG13 bat CoV has a high nucleotide identity with the S protein of SARS-CoV-2, the phylogenetic tree and the haplotype network suggest
a non-direct parental relationship between these CoVs. Moreover, it is likely that the basic function of the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of S protein was acquired by the SARS-CoV-2 from the MP789 pangolin CoV by recombination and it has been highly conserved. |
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|
Structure of SARS-CoV-2 ORF8, a rapidly evolving coronavirus
protein implicated in immune evasion |
Flower, ThomasG, Buffalo, et al |
bioRxiv |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
The molecular basis for the severity and rapid spread of the COVID-19 disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 is largely unknown.
ORF8 is a rapidly evolving accessory protein that has been proposed to interfere with immune responses. The crystal structure of SARS-CoV-2 ORF8 was determined at 2.04 Å resolution by x-ray crystallography. The structure reveals a ~60 residue core similar
to SARS-CoV ORF7a with the addition of two dimerization interfaces unique to SARS-CoV-2 ORF8. A covalent disulfide-linked dimer is formed through an N-terminal sequence specific to SARS-CoV-2, while a separate non-covalent interface is formed by another SARS-CoV-2-specific
sequence, 73YIDI76. Together the presence of these interfaces shows how SARS-CoV-2 ORF8 can form unique large-scale assemblies not possible for SARS-CoV, potentially mediating unique immune suppression and evasion activities.Competing Interest StatementThe
authors have declared no competing interest. |
|
Fredi, M, Cavazzana, et al |
Lancet Rheumatol |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We aimed to analyse the course of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in patients
with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases living in a district of Lombardy with a high prevalence of COVID-19. METHODS: We did a single-centre observational study at the Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale (ASST) Spedali Civili of Brescia, Italy. We collected
data from patients with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases enrolled in our outpatient clinic to identify confirmed or possible cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection. INTERPRETATION: In this cohort of patients with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases in a geographical
region with a high prevalence of COVID-19, a poor outcome from COVID-19 seems to be associated with older age and the presence of comorbidities rather than the type of rheumatic disease or the degree of pharmacological immunosuppression. |
|
|
Fried, MW, Crawford, et al |
Clin Infect Dis |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
BACKGROUND: As COVID-19 disseminates throughout the US, a better understanding of patient characteristics associated
with hospitalization, morbidity and mortality in diverse geographic regions is essential. METHODS: Hospital chargemaster data on adult patients with COVID-19 admitted to 245 hospitals across 38 states between February 15 and April 20, 2020 were assessed. Clinical
course from admission through hospitalization to discharge or death was analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 11,721 patients were included (majority were >60 years of age 59.9%] and male 53.4%]). Comorbidities included hypertension (46.7%), diabetes (27.8%), cardiovascular
disease (18.6%), obesity (16.1%), and chronic kidney disease (12.2%). Mechanical ventilation was required by 1,967 patients (16.8%). Mortality among hospitalized patients was 21.4% and increased to 70.5% among those on mechanical ventilation. Male sex, older
age, obesity, geographic region, and the presence of chronic kidney disease or preexisting cardiovascular disease were associated with an increased odds of mechanical ventilation. All aforementioned risk factors, with the exception of obesity, were associated
with an increased odds of death (all p& 0.001). Many patients received investigational medications for treatment of COVID-19, including 48 patients on remdesivir and 4,232 on hydroxychloroquine. CONCLUSION: This large observational cohort describes the clinical
course and identifies factors associated with outcomes of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 across the US. These data can inform strategies to prioritize prevention and treatment for this disease. |
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PMC7444421; The value of serum amyloid A for predicting the severity and recovery of
COVID-19 |
Fu, J, Huang, et al |
Exp Ther Med |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
The present study aimed to evaluate the value of serum amyloid A (SAA) in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and compared
the efficacy of SAA and C-reactive protein (CRP) in predicting the severity and recovery of COVID-19. A retrospective study was conducted on COVID-19 patients hospitalized in Wuhan No. 1 Hospital (Hubei, China) from January 21, 2020 to March 4, 2020. The
severe group displayed higher CRP and SAA levels compared with the mild group during hospitalization. CRP and SAA levels were negatively correlated with treatment days in recovered patients . |
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PMC7276732; Active surveillance documents rates of clinical care seeking due to respiratory
illness |
Galanti, M, Comito, et al |
Influenza Other Respir Viruses |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
BACKGROUND: Respiratory viral infections are a leading cause of disease worldwide. However, the overall community prevalence
of infections has not been properly assessed, as standard surveillance is typically acquired passively among individuals seeking clinical care. METHODS: We conducted a prospective cohort study in which participants provided daily diaries and weekly nasopharyngeal
specimens that were tested for respiratory viruses. These data were used to analyze healthcare seeking behavior, compared with cross-sectional ED data and NYC surveillance reports, and used to evaluate biases of medically attended ILI as signal for population
respiratory disease and infection. RESULTS: The likelihood of seeking medical attention was virus-dependent: higher for influenza and metapneumovirus (19%-20%), lower for coronavirus and RSV (4%), and 71% of individuals with self-reported ILI did not seek
care and half of medically attended symptomatic manifestations did not meet the criteria for ILI. Only 5% of cohort respiratory virus infections and 21% of influenza infections were medically attended and classifiable as ILI. We estimated 1 ILI event per person/year
but multiple respiratory infections per year. CONCLUSION: Standard, healthcare-based respiratory surveillance has multiple limitations. Specifically, ILI is an incomplete metric for quantifying respiratory disease, viral respiratory infection, and influenza
infection. The prevalence of respiratory viruses, as reported by standard, healthcare-based surveillance, is skewed toward viruses producing more severe symptoms. Active, longitudinal studies are a helpful supplement to standard surveillance, can improve understanding
of the overall circulation and burden of respiratory viruses, and can aid development of more robust measures for controlling the spread of these pathogens. |
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Modelling the Impact and Public Health Response to COVID-19 in
Uganda |
Galiwango, Ronald, Kitayimbwa, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health
interventions*| Interventions de santé publique |
This study aimed to design a predictive model to provide reliable estimates for COVID-19 in Uganda. Methods: A stochastic
model of a modified SEAIR (Susceptible, Exposed, Infected Asymptomatic, Infected Symptomatic and Removed) type, which made assumptions on the local SARS-CoV2 transmission, was used to forecast the impact of COVID-19 in relation to the varying levels of compliance
to mitigation measures. Results: Our results predict between 2,000 to 4,000 cases within 100 days from lifting the lockdown if no or weak interventions are in place. However, if social distancing was implemented at 40% effectiveness, to prevent interaction
between susceptible and infected populations with no use of face-masks, we would expect 200 to 400 cases. The number of infections decreases with increase in the level of effectiveness of social distancing measures and the curve flattens at ≥60% level of social
distancing. Wearing face-masks at ≥40% consistency and social distancing at 50% reduces the number of infections and flattens the curve. Interpretation: The prompt public health response in Uganda has so far limited COVID-19 to imported cases, comprising mainly
of truck drivers. Although lifting the lockdown measures is feasible, social distancing strategies, as the most effective measure, should be maintained at high levels and supplemented with wearing face-masks |
|
Garces, TS, Florêncio, et al |
J Clin Nurs |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
OBJECTIVES: To estimate the prevalence and associated factors to COVID-19 in people with flu-like syndrome in Ceará-Brazil.
DESIGN: A cross-sectional study with secondary data of people notified with flu-like syndrome and COVID-19 test results. METHODS: 19,967 cases of flu-like syndrome were analyzed according to the result of the COVID-19 test. Predictive variables were: age range,
sex, women in puerperium, presence or absence of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, hematological illness, immunodeficiencies, neurological diseases, obesity, renal diseases, and Down's syndrome. RESULTS: The prevalence of COVID-19 in the population was 10.37%.
In the final model, the following variables were associated with COVID-19: aged people, male sex, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes. CONCLUSION: among the flu-like syndrome cases, COVD-19 prevalence was high. In the Ceará State, clinical factors such as aged
people, male sex, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes can enhance the prevalence of COVID-19 by up to 2.57 times. |
|
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Critical care ultrasonography during COVID-19 pandemic: The ORACLE protocol |
García-Cruz, E, Manzur-Sandoval, et al |
Echocardiography |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Healthcare Response |
Réponse des soins de santé |
BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is characterized by severe lung involvement and hemodynamic alterations.
Critical care ultrasonography is vital because it provides real time information for diagnosis and treatment. Suggested protocols for image acquisition and measurements have not yet been evaluated. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted at two centers
from 1 April 2020 to 30 May 2020 in adult patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection admitted to the critical care unit. Cardiac and pulmonary evaluations were performed using the ORACLE protocol, specifically designed for this study, to ensure a structured
process of image acquisition and limit staff exposure to the infection. RESULTS: Eighty-two consecutively admitted patients were evaluated. Most of the patients were males, with a median age of 56 years, and the most frequent comorbidities were hypertension
and type 2 diabetes, and 25% of the patients had severe acute respiratory distress syndrome. The most frequent ultrasonographic findings were elevated pulmonary artery systolic pressure (69.5%), E/e' ratio > 14 (29.3%), and right ventricular dilatation (28%)
and dysfunction (26.8%). A high rate of fluid responsiveness (82.9%) was observed. The median score (19 points) on pulmonary ultrasound did not reveal any variation between the groups. Elevated pulmonary artery systolic pressure was associated with higher
in-hospital mortality. CONCLUSION: The ORACLE protocol was a feasible, rapid, and safe bedside tool for hemodynamic and respiratory evaluation of patients with COVID-19. Further studies should be performed on the alteration in pulmonary hemodynamics and right
ventricular function and its relationship with outcomes. |
|
Garg, M, Eniasivam, et al |
Med Educ Online |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
As the coronavirus pandemic started, we rapidly transitioned a preclinical social justice and health systems sciences
course at our medical school to asynchronous, remote learning. We describe processes, curricular innovations, and lessons learned. Small groups were converted into independent learning modules and lectures were given live via videoconferencing technology.
Our course ran from 16 March-3 April 2020 for the 155-person first-year class. Student attendance for optional, synchronous remote sessions was higher than in-person attendance in previous years. Completion rates for assignments were high but with minimal
student collaboration. |
|
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Military Teleophthalmology in Afghanistan Using Mobile Phone Application |
Gensheimer, WG, Miller, et al |
JAMA Ophthalmol |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
OBJECTIVE: To beta test a secure teleophthalmology mobile app at military treatment facilities in Afghanistan. DESIGN,
SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This prospective case series included 16 military treatment facilities at diverse roles of care including forward operating bases in Afghanistan and 1 location outside of Afghanistan. Thirty point-of-care medics and medical professionals
were included from September to November 2019. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Mean initial response time, agreement between the teleophthalmology diagnosis and final diagnosis, treatment and management following recommendations outlined in the Joint Trauma System
clinical practice guidelines, prevention of the need for aeromedical evacuation, user satisfaction, and security and the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act compliance of consult. RESULTS: There were 28 consults placed over 6 weeks by 18 different
users that were received by the expeditionary ophthalmologist. While only a limited number of consults were evaluated, this study suggests that teleophthalmology mobile phone apps may improve and extend ophthalmic care in combat zones. |
|
Identification of 14 Known Drugs as Inhibitors of the
Main Protease of SARS-CoV-2 |
Ghahremanpour, MohammadM, Tirado-Rives, et al |
bioRxiv |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
A consensus virtual screening protocol has been applied to ca. 2000 approved drugs to seek inhibitors of the main protease
(Mpro) of SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for COVID-19. 42 drugs emerged as top candidates, and after visual analyses of the predicted structures of their complexes with Mpro, 17 were chosen for evaluation in a kinetic assay for Mpro inhibition. Remarkably
14 of the compounds at 100-μM concentration were found to reduce the enzymatic activity and 5 provided IC50 values below 40 μM: manidipine (4.8 μM), boceprevir (5.4 μM), lercanidipine (16.2 μM), bedaquiline (18.7 μM), and efonidipine (38.5 μM). Structural
analyses reveal a common cloverleaf pattern for the binding of the active compounds to the P1, P1’, and P2 pockets of Mpro. |
|
Secondary analysis of transcriptomes of SARS-CoV-2
infection models to characterize COVID-19 |
Ghandikota, Sudhir, Sharma, et al |
bioRxiv |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Animal model | Modèle animal |
To learn more about COVID-19 pathophysiology we performed secondary analyses of transcriptomic data from two in vitro
(Calu-3 and Vero E6 cells) and one in vivo (Ad5-hACE2-sensitized mice) models of SARS-CoV-2 infection. We found 1467 conserved differentially expressed host genes (differentially expressed in at least two of the three model system transcriptomes compared)
in SARS-CoV-2 infection. To find potential genetic factors associated with COVID-19, we analyzed these conserved differentially expressed genes using known human genotype-phenotype associations. Since human protein complexes are known to be directly related
to viral infection, we combined and analyzed the conserved transcriptomic signature with SARS-CoV-2-host protein-protein interaction data and found more than 150 gene clusters. Of these, 29 clusters (with 5 or more genes in each cluster) had at least one gene
encoding protein that interacts with SARS-CoV-2 proteome. These clusters were enriched for different cell types in lung including epithelial, endothelial, and immune cell types suggesting their pathophysiological relevancy to COVID-19. |
|
Analyzing Worldwide Social Distancing through Large-Scale Computer Vision |
Ghodgaonkar, Isha, Chakraborty, et al |
arXiv |
Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique |
In order to contain the COVID-19 pandemic, countries around the world have introduced social distancing guidelines
as public health interventions to reduce the spread of the disease. This research team has created methods that can discover thousands of network cameras worldwide, retrieve data from the cameras, analyze the data, and report the sizes of crowds as different
countries issued and lifted restrictions (also called ''lockdown''). We discover 11,140 network cameras that provide real-time data and we present the results across 15 countries. We collect data from these cameras beginning April 2020 at approximately 0.5TB
per week. After analyzing 10,424,459 images from still image cameras and frames extracted periodically from video, the data reveals that the residents in some countries exhibited more activity (judged by numbers of people and vehicles) after the restrictions
were lifted. In other countries, the amounts of activities showed no obvious changes during the restrictions and after the restrictions were lifted. The data further reveals whether people stay ''social distancing'', at least 6 feet apart. This study discerns
whether social distancing is being followed in several types of locations and geographical locations worldwide and serve as an early indicator whether another wave of infections is likely to occur soon. |
|
Chest CT in patients with a moderate or high pretest probability of COVID-19 and
negative swab |
Giannitto, C, Sposta, et al |
Radiol Med |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection
d'agents pathogènes |
OBJECTIVES: We aimed to assess the diagnostic performance of CT in patients with a negative first RT-PCR testing and
to identify typical features of COVID-19 pneumonia that can guide diagnosis in this case. METHODS: Patients suspected of COVID-19 with a negative first RT-PCR testing were retrospectively revalued after undergoing CT. CT was reviewed by two radiologists and
classified as suspected COVID-19 pneumonia, non-COVID-19 pneumonia or negative. The performance of both first RT-PCR result and CT was evaluated by using sensitivity (SE), specificity (SP), positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and
area under the curve (AUC) and by using the second RT-PCR test as the reference standard. CT findings for confirmed COVID-19 positive or negative were compared by using the Pearson chi-squared test (P values < 0.05) RESULTS: Totally, 337 patients suspected
of COVID-19 underwent CT and nasopharyngeal swabs in March 2020. Eighty-seven out of 337 patients had a negative first RT-PCR result; of these, 68 repeated RT-PCR testing and were included in the study. The first RT-PCR test showed SE 0, SP = 100%, PPV = NaN,
NPV = 70%, AUC = 50%, and CT showed SE = 70% SP = 79%, PPV = 86%, NPV = 76%, AUC = 75%. The most relevant CT variables were ground glass opacity more than 50% and peripheral and/or perihilar distribution. DISCUSSION: Negative RT-PCR test but positive CT features
should be highly suggestive of COVID-19 in a cluster or community transmission scenarios, and the second RT-PCR test should be promptly requested to confirm the final diagnosis. |
|
Gonfiotti, A, Gatteschi, et al |
Eur J Cardiothorac Surg |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
OBJECTIVES: There is currently a lack of clinical data on the novel beta-coronavirus infection caused by severe acute
respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)] and concomitant primary lung cancer. Our goal was to report our experiences with 5 patients treated for lung cancer while infected with SARS-CoV-2. METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated 5 adult patients infected
with SARS-CoV-2 who were admitted to our thoracic surgery unit between 29 January 2020 and 4 March 2020 for surgical treatment of a primary lung cancer. Clinical data and outcomes are reported. RESULTS: All patients were men with a mean age of 74.0 years (range
67-80). Four of the 5 patients (80%) reported chronic comorbidities. Surgery comprised minimally invasive lobectomy (2 patients) and segmentectomy (1 patient), lobectomy with en bloc chest wall resection (1 patient) and pneumonectomy (1 patient). Mean chest
drain duration was 12.4 days (range 8-22); mean hospital stay was 33.8 days (range 21-60). SARS-CoV-2-related symptoms were fever (3 patients), persistent cough (3 patients), diarrhoea (2 patients) and syncope (2 patients); 1 patient reported no symptoms.
Morbidity related to surgery was 60%; 30-day mortality was 40%. Two patients (1 with a right pneumonectomy, 74 years old; 1 with a lobectomy with chest wall resection and reconstruction, 70 years old), developed SARS-CoV-2-related lung failure leading to death
60 and 32 days after surgery, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Lung cancer surgery may represent a high-risk factor for developing a severe case of coronavirus disease 2019, particularly in patients with advanced stages of lung cancer. Additional strategies are
needed to reduce the risk of morbidity and mortality from SARS-CoV-2 infection during treatment for lung cancer. |
|
|
Grasselli, G, Tonetti, et al |
Lancet Respir Med |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
BACKGROUND: Patients with COVID-19 can develop acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which is associated with
high mortality. The aim of this study was to examine the functional and morphological features of COVID-19-associated ARDS and to compare these with the characteristics of ARDS unrelated to COVID-19. METHODS: This prospective observational study was done at
seven hospitals in Italy. We enrolled consecutive, mechanically ventilated patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 and who met Berlin criteria for ARDS, who were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) between March 9 and March 22, 2020. All patients
were sedated, paralysed, and ventilated in volume-control mode with standard ICU ventilators. Static respiratory system compliance, the ratio of partial pressure of arterial oxygen to fractional concentration of oxygen in inspired air, ventilatory ratio (a
surrogate of dead space), and D-dimer concentrations were measured within 24 h of ICU admission. Lung CT scans and CT angiograms were done when clinically indicated. A dataset for ARDS unrelated to COVID-19 was created from previous ARDS studies. Survival
to day 28 was assessed. FINDINGS: Between March 9 and March 22, 2020, 301 patients with COVID-19 met the Berlin criteria for ARDS at participating hospitals. Median static compliance was 41 mL/cm H(2)O (33-52), which was 28% higher than in the cohort of patients
with ARDS unrelated to COVID-19 (32 mL/cm H(2)O 25-43]; p<0·0001). 17 (6%) of 297 patients with COVID-19-associated ARDS had compliances greater than the 95th percentile of the classical ARDS cohort. Total lung weight did not differ between the two cohorts.
CT pulmonary angiograms (obtained in 23 8%] patients with COVID-19-related ARDS) showed that 15 (94%) of 16 patients with D-dimer concentrations greater than the median had bilateral areas of hypoperfusion, consistent with thromboembolic disease. Patients
with D-dimer concentrations equal to or less than the median had ventilatory ratios lower than those of patients with D-dimer concentrations greater than the median (1·66 1·32-1·95] vs 1·90 1·50-2·33]; p=0·0001). Patients with static compliance equal to or
less than the median and D-dimer concentrations greater than the median had markedly increased 28-day mortality compared with other patient subgroups (40 56%] of 71 with high D-dimers and low compliance vs 18 27%] of 67 with low D-dimers and high compliance,
13 22%] of 60 with low D-dimers and low compliance, and 22 35%] of 63 with high D-dimers and high compliance, all p=0·0001). INTERPRETATION: Patients with COVID-19-associated ARDS have a form of injury that, in many aspects, is similar to that of those with
ARDS unrelated to COVID-19. Notably, patients with COVID-19-related ARDS who have a reduction in respiratory system compliance together with increased D-dimer concentrations have high mortality rates. FUNDING: None. |
|
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Impact of COVID-19 on medical education: introducing homo digitalis |
Gravas, S, Ahmad, et al |
World J Urol |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
PURPOSE: To determine how members of the Société Internationale d'Urologie (SIU) are continuing their education in
the time of COVID-19. METHODS: A survey was disseminated amongst SIU members worldwide by email. Results were analyzed to examine the influence of age, practice region and settings on continuing medical education (CME) of the respondents. RESULTS: In total,
2494 respondents completed the survey. Internet searching was the most common method of CME (76%; all ps < 0.001), followed by searching journals and textbook including the online versions (62%; all ps < 0.001). Overall, 6% of the respondents reported no time/interest
for CME during the pandemic. Although most urologists report using only one platform for their CME (26.6%), the majority reported using ≥ 2 platforms, with approximately 10% of the respondents using up to 5 different platforms. Urologists < 40 years old were
more likely to use online literature (69%), podcasts/AV media (38%), online CME courses/webinars (40%), and social media (39%). There were regional variations in the CME modality used but no significant difference in the number of methods by region. There
was no significant difference in responses between urologists in academic/public hospitals or private practice. CONCLUSION: During COVID-19, urologists have used web-based learning for their CME. Internet learning and literature were the top frequently cited
learning methods. Younger urologists are more likely to use all forms of digital learning methods, while older urologists prefer fewer methods. |
|
Respiratory physiology of COVID-19-induced respiratory failure compared to ARDS
of other etiologies |
Grieco, DL, Bongiovanni, et al |
Crit Care |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
BACKGROUND: Whether respiratory physiology of COVID-19-induced respiratory failure is different from acute respiratory
distress syndrome (ARDS) of other etiologies is unclear. We conducted a single-center study to describe respiratory mechanics and response to positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) in COVID-19 ARDS and to compare COVID-19 patients to matched-control subjects
with ARDS from other causes. METHODS: Thirty consecutive COVID-19 patients admitted to an intensive care unit in Rome, Italy, and fulfilling moderate-to-severe ARDS criteria were enrolled within 24 h from endotracheal intubation. Gas exchange, respiratory
mechanics, and ventilatory ratio were measured at PEEP of 15 and 5 cmH(2)O. A single-breath derecruitment maneuver was performed to assess recruitability. After 1:1 matching based on PaO(2)/FiO(2), FiO(2), PEEP, and tidal volume, COVID-19 patients were compared
to subjects affected by ARDS of other etiologies who underwent the same procedures in a previous study. RESULTS: Thirty COVID-19 patients were successfully matched with 30 ARDS from other etiologies. At low PEEP, median 25th-75th percentiles] PaO(2)/FiO(2)
in the two groups was 119 mmHg 101-142] and 116 mmHg 87-154]. Average compliance (41 ml/cmH(2)O 32-52] vs. 36 ml/cmH(2)O 27-42], p = 0.045) and ventilatory ratio (2.1 1.7-2.3] vs. 1.6 1.4-2.1], p = 0.032) were slightly higher in COVID-19 patients. Inter-individual
variability (ratio of standard deviation to mean) of compliance was 36% in COVID-19 patients and 31% in other ARDS. In COVID-19 patients, PaO(2)/FiO(2) was linearly correlated with respiratory system compliance (r = 0.52 p = 0.003). High PEEP improved PaO(2)/FiO(2)
in both cohorts, but more remarkably in COVID-19 patients (p = 0.005). Recruitability was not different between cohorts (p = 0.39) and was highly inter-individually variable (72% in COVID-19 patients and 64% in ARDS from other causes). In COVID-19 patients,
recruitability was independent from oxygenation and respiratory mechanics changes due to PEEP. CONCLUSIONS: Early after establishment of mechanical ventilation, COVID-19 patients follow ARDS physiology, with compliance reduction related to the degree of hypoxemia,
and inter-individually variable respiratory mechanics and recruitability. Physiological differences between ARDS from COVID-19 and other causes appear small. |
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Conjunctivitis in COVID-19 patients: frequency and clinical presentation |
Güemes-Villahoz, N, Burgos-Blasco, et al |
Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the frequency and clinical presentation of conjunctivitis in hospitalized
patients with COVID-19. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Hospital Clinico San Carlos of Madrid, Spain. A total of 301 subjects from the COVID admission unit with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were included. The presence and
clinical characteristics of conjunctivitis were evaluated. Laboratory, radiological, and clinical results in patients with and without conjunctivitis stratified by sex were analyzed. RESULTS: Of the 301 subjects included, 180 patients (59.8%) were male and
the median age was 72 years (IQ 59-82). Overall, 35 patients (11.6%) were diagnosed with acute conjunctivitis. We found no relationship between the COVID-19 severity score and the presence of conjunctivitis (P = 0.17). However, conjunctivitis was more frequent
in males with moderate clinical severity and in women classified as clinically mild. The natural history of the disease seems to be a rapid self-limited conjunctivitis that improves without treatment and does not affect visual acuity nor associate short-term
complications. CONCLUSIONS: Approximately, 1 out of 10 hospitalized non-critical COVID-19 patients presents conjunctivitis during the disease. Compared with other viral conjunctivitis, we found distinctive clinical findings that could guide defining and differentiating
conjunctivitis in COVID-19 patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: 20/336_E_COVID. |
|
Gyimah, Nathaniel |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
Coronavirus has become the major problem that every country is fighting against. The purpose of this study was to outline
a few lessons learned from Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic in the world. Primary and secondary sources of data were used throughout the study. The researcher used content and descriptive analyses to describe the gathered data. Respondents were selected around
the globe via six (6) chosen continents namely; Africa, Europe, Asia, North America, South America, and Australia. Specifically, these respondents were selected from Ghana, Italy, China, Canada, Brazil, and Newcastle through a purposive sampling technique.
The sample size for this study was thirty (30) respondents. A country was selected to represent its continent. Five (5) respondents were chosen from the six (6) countries representing their continents. The major lessons were; supremacy should be given to God/Allah
because the experiences of the World’s today are monopolised by him. Savings and investments should be practiced by everyone to face any unforeseen circumstances. A good sanitation system should be encouraged to prevent any infectious diseases. Stigmatisation
and discrimination should be discouraged among people in the world. Prayers and compliments should be said to our leaders to regulate the affairs of the world efficiently and effectively. The aged should be given particular attention since their immune systems
are weak. The health and safety protocols such as social distancing, washing of hands with soap under running water, wearing face masks, and covering of mouth when sneezing should be considered as part of life solely to overcome COVID-19. It was recommended
that obedience should be given to authorities in power in this trying time to help the whole world recover from COVID-19 Pandemic. |
|
|
SARS-CoV-2 RNA in serum as predictor of severe outcome in COVID-19: a retrospective cohort
study |
Hagman, K, Hedenstierna, et al |
Clin Infect Dis |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
BACKGROUND: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
This study aimed to determine if SARS-CoV-2 RNA in serum at admission correlated with clinical outcome in COVID-19. METHODS: COVID-19 patients admitted to the Infectious Diseases department of a tertiary level Swedish hospital, and sampled for SARS-CoV-2 RNA
in serum at admission, April 10 to June 30 2020 were included in a cohort. Primary outcomes were day 28 all-cause mortality and progress to critical disease. RESULTS: The cohort (N=167) consisted of 106 SARS-CoV-2 RNA serum negative and 61 positive patients.
Median sampling time for initial SARS-CoV-2 in serum was 1 (IQR 1-2) day after admission corresponding to day 10 (IQR 8-12) after symptom onset. Median ages were 53 (IQR 44-67) and 63 (IQR 52-74) years for the PCR-negative and positive patients, respectively.
In the serum PCR negative and positive groups 3/106 and 15/61 patients died, respectively.The hazard ratios for critical disease and all-cause mortality were 7.2 (95% CI 3.0-17) and 8.6 (95% CI 2.4-30), respectively for patients that were serum PCR positive
compared to serum PCR negative.Conclusion: SARS-CoV-2 RNA in serum at hospital admission indicates a high-risk of progression to critical disease and death. |
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Dying, Death and Mourning amid COVID-19 Pandemic in Kashmir: A Qualitative Study |
Hamid, W, Jahangir, et al |
Omega (Westport) |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
Using a qualitative approach, this study aimed to examine the changing nature of death, dying and mourning among Muslims
of Kashmir due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Telephonic Interviews were conducted with 17 participants, whose loved ones died after the outbreak of the COVID-19 in Kashmir. The findings of the study revealed that the deceased mostly died in isolation with no one
around. Mourning the loss was also highly challenging with participants receiving less in-person support thus leading to mourning in isolation. The inability to perform last rites added yet another layer of grief which resulted in prolonged grief among the
bereaved and impacted their overall wellbeing. |
|
Han, MS, Choi, et al |
JAMA Pediatr |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
IMPORTANCE: There is limited information describing the full spectrum of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the
duration of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA detection in children. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the full clinical course and the duration of SARS-CoV-2 RNA detectability in children confirmed with COVID-19 in the Republic of Korea,
where rigorous public health interventions have been implemented. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This case series of children with COVID-19 was conducted in 20 hospitals and 2 nonhospital isolation facilities across the country from February 18, 2020,
to March 31, 2020. Children younger than 19 years who had COVID-19 were included. EXPOSURES: Confirmed COVID-19, detected via SARS-CoV-2 RNA in a combined nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swab or sputum by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.
MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Clinical manifestations during the observation period, including the time and duration of symptom occurrence. The duration of SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection was also analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 91 children with COVID-19 were included
(median range] age, 11 0-18] years; 53 boys 58%]). Twenty children (22%) were asymptomatic during the entire observation period. Among 71 symptomatic cases, 47 children (66%) had unrecognized symptoms before diagnosis, 18 (25%) developed symptoms after diagnosis,
and only 6 (9%) were diagnosed at the time of symptom onset. Twenty-two children (24%) had lower respiratory tract infections. The mean (SD) duration of the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in upper respiratory samples was 17.6 (6.7) days. Virus RNA was detected
for a mean (SD) of 14.1 (7.7) days in asymptomatic individuals. There was no difference in the duration of virus RNA detection between children with upper respiratory tract infections and lower respiratory tract infections (mean SD], 18.7 5.8] days vs 19.9
5.6] days; P = .54). Fourteen children (15%) were treated with lopinavir-ritonavir and/or hydroxychloroquine. All recovered, without any fatal cases. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this case series study, inapparent infections in children may have been associated
with silent COVID-19 transmission in the community. Heightened surveillance using laboratory screening will allow detection in children with unrecognized SARS-CoV-2 infection. |
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Long Period Modeling SARS-CoV-2 Infection of in Vitro
Cultured Polarized Human Airway Epithelium |
Hao, Siyuan, Ning, et al |
bioRxiv |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) replicates throughout human airways. The polarized human
airway epithelium (HAE) cultured at an airway-liquid interface (HAE-ALI) is an in vitro model mimicking the in vivo human mucociliary airway epithelium and supports the replication of SARS-CoV-2. However, previous studies only characterized short-period SARS-CoV-2
infection in HAE. In this study, continuously monitoring the SARS-CoV-2 infection in HAE-ALI cultures for a long period of up to 51 days revealed that SARS-CoV-2 infection was long lasting with recurrent replication peaks appearing between an interval of approximately
7-10 days, which was consistent in all the tested HAE-ALI cultures derived from 4 lung bronchi of independent donors. We also identified that SARS-CoV-2 does not infect HAE from the basolateral side, and the dominant SARS-CoV-2 permissive epithelial cells
are ciliated cells and goblet cells, whereas virus replication in basal cells and club cells was not detectable. Notably, virus infection immediately damaged the HAE, which is demonstrated by dispersed Zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) expression without clear tight
junctions and partial loss of cilia. Importantly, we identified that SARS-CoV-2 productive infection of HAE requires a high viral load of 2.5 × 105 virions per cm2 of epithelium. Thus, our studies highlight the importance of a high viral load and that epithelial
renewal initiates and maintains a recurrent infection of HAE with SARS-CoV-2.Competing Interest StatementThe authors have declared no competing interest. |
|
PMC7453188; Non-aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage in COVID-19 |
Harrogate, S, Mortimer, et al |
Neuroradiology |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with hypercoagulopathy, but haemorrhage, including spontaneous
intracerebral parenchymal haemorrhage and diffuse petechial cerebral haemorrhage, has also been reported. We present two cases of nonaneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) in patients with severe COVID-19. Careful review of neuroimaging for haemorrhagic
complications of COVID-19 should be undertaken, particularly for those patients receiving enhanced prophylaxis for venous thromboembolism. Although likely to be a marker of severe disease, non-aneurysmal SAH can be associated with favourable outcome. |
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Antibody Profiles According to Mild or Severe SARS-CoV-2 Infection, Atlanta, Georgia,
USA, 2020 |
Hu, WT, Howell, et al |
Emerg Infect Dis |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Immunology | Immunologie |
Among patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19), IgM levels increased early after symptom onset for those with mild
and severe disease, but IgG levels increased early only in those with severe disease. A similar pattern was observed in a separate serosurveillance cohort. Mild COVID-19 should be investigated separately from severe COVID-19. |
|
Huang, Difang |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Public health interventions*| Interventions
de santé publique |
We identify the effects of social distancing policy on reducing the transmission of the COVID-19 spread. We build the
model that measures the relative frequency and geographic distribution of COVID-19 infections and provides hypothetical infection distribution in the counties that enacted social distancing policy. We apply the model to a panel of daily COVID-19 infection
cases of all counties in the United States and find social distancing lowered the average daily infection cases by 12%. We further provide evidence that the effects are heterogeneous in an individual's income, race, education, and political belief. Note: Funding:
The research is funded by the Australian Government Research Training Program (RTP) Scholarship Declaration of Interest: None to declare |
|
|
Plasmablast-derived antibody response to acute SARS-CoV-2
infection in humans |
Huang, Kuan-YingA, Tan, et al |
bioRxiv |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
Plasmablast responses and derived IgG monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) have been analysed in three COVID-19 patients. An
average of 13.7% and 13.0% of plasmablast-derived IgG MAbs were reactive with virus spike glycoprotein or nucleocapsid, respectively. Of thirty-two antibodies specific for the spike glycoprotein, ten recognised the receptor-binding domain (RBD), thirteen were
specific for non-RBD epitopes on the S1 subunit, and nine recognised the S2 subunit. A subset of anti-spike antibodies (10 of 32) cross-reacted with other betacoronaviruses tested, five targeted the non-RBD S1, and five targeted the S2 subunit. Of the plasmablast-derived
MAbs reacting with nucleocapsid, over half of them (19 of 35) cross-reacted with other betacoronaviruses tested. The cross-reactive plasmablast-derived antibodies harboured extensive somatic mutations, indicative of an expansion of memory B cells upon SARS-CoV-2
infection. We identified 14 of 32 anti-spike MAbs that neutralised SARS-CoV-2 in independent assays at ≤ 133 nM (20 μg/ml) (five of 10 anti-RBD, three of 13 anti-non-RBD S1 subunit, six of nine anti-S2 subunit). Six of 10 anti-RBD MAbs showed evidence of blockade
of ACE2 binding to RBD, and five of six of these were neutralising. Non-competing pairs of neutralising antibodies were identified, which offer potential templates for the development of prophylactic and therapeutic agents against SARS-CoV-2.Competing Interest
StatementK-Y.A.H. has filed a provisional patent application on anti-spike glycoprotein and anti-nucleocapsid antibodies. Other authors declare no competing interest. |
|
RNA-expression of adrenomedullin is increased in patients with severe COVID-19 |
Hupf, J, Mustroph, et al |
Crit Care |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Authors present data regarding ADM in patients with COVID-19 in order to study whether pathophysiological pathways
of COVID-19 resemble those of sepsis. |
|
Tracheal swab from front of neck airway for SARS-CoV-2; a bronchial foreign body |
Hussain, MH, Siddiqui, et al |
BMJ Case Rep |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
We report the case of a bronchial foreign body, following a tracheostomy site swab for SARS-CoV-2, aiming to raise
awareness and vigilance. A qualified nurse was performing a routine SARS-CoV-2 swab on a 51-year-old woman, fitted with a tracheostomy in the recent past following a craniotomy. This was part of the discharging protocol to a nursing home. During the sampling,
part of the swab stylet snapped and was inadvertently dropped through the tracheostomy site. Initial CT imaging was reported as showing no signs of a foreign body but some inflammatory changes. Bedside flexible endoscopy through the tracheostomy site revealed
the swab in a right lobar bronchus. This was subsequently removed by flexible bronchoscopy. This case highlights the need for clear guidance on how samples for SARS-CoV-2 are taken from patients with front of neck airways (laryngectomy/tracheοstomy) and the
potential pitfalls involved. |
|
Idilman, IS, Telli Dizman, et al |
Eur Radiol |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Authors evaluated lung and kidney perfusion abnormalities in patients with COVID-19 by dual-energy computed tomography
(DECT) and investigated the role of perfusion abnormalities on disease severity as a sign of microvascular obstruction. |
|
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Early Experience with Arterial Thromboembolic Complications in Patents with COVID-19 |
Indes, JE, Koleilat, et al |
J Vasc Surg |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Authors sought to characterize our experience with arterial thromboembolic complications in patients with hospitalized
for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). |
|
Identification of SARS-CoV-2 clusters from symptomatic cases in India |
Jain, P, Prakash, et al |
Indian J Med Res |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
Abstract and full text not available. |
|
PMC7200355; Enhanced electrocardiographic monitoring of patients with Coronavirus
Disease 2019 |
Jain, S, Workman, et al |
Heart Rhythm |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
The purpose of this study was to establish an enhanced process for ECG monitoring of patients being treated for COVID-19.
During a 2-week period, we reviewed 2006 ECGs, corresponding to 524 unique patients, of whom 103 (19.7%) met the Situation Background Assessment Recommendation tool-defined criteria for QT prolongation. Compared with those without QT prolongation, these patients
were more often in the intensive care unit (60 58.3%] vs 149 35.4%]) and more likely to be intubated (32 31.1%] vs 76 18.1%]). Fifty patients with QT prolongation (48.5%) had electrolyte abnormalities, 98 (95.1%) were on COVID-19-related QT-prolonging medications,
and 62 (60.2%) were on 1-4 additional non-COVID-19-related QT-prolonging drugs. Electrophysiology recommendations were given to limit modifiable risk factors. No patient developed torsades de pointes. This process functioned efficiently, identified a high
percentage of patients with QT prolongation, and led to relevant interventions. |
|
PMC7440090; Effectiveness of population density as natural social distancing in
COVID19 spreading |
Jawad, AJ |
Ethics Med Public Health |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique |
A new view of the importance of social distancing to prevent the spread of coronavirus has been presented in terms
of the relationship between peak day and peak period and population density of nine countries. The results showed that there are increasing in peak day and peak period times with increasing the population density. |
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Nurses' ethical challenges caring for people with COVID-19: A qualitative study |
Jia, Y, Chen, et al |
Nurs Ethics |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
Ethical challenges are common in clinical nursing practice, and an infectious environment could put nurses under ethical
challenges more easily, which may cause nurses to submit to negative emotions and psychological pressure, damaging their mental health. |
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PMC6882434; Inhibition of SARS-CoV 3CL protease by flavonoids |
Jo, S, Kim, et al |
J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem |
Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
Authors applied a flavonoid library to systematically probe inhibitory compounds against SARS-CoV 3CLpro. Herbacetin,
rhoifolin and pectolinarin were found to efficiently block the enzymatic activity of SARS-CoV 3CLpro. The interaction of the three flavonoids was confirmed using a tryptophan-based fluorescence method |
|
Characteristics of Large-Vessel Occlusion Associated with COVID-19 and Ischemic Stroke |
John, S, Kesav, et al |
AJNR Am J Neuroradiol |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
A retrospective study was conducted in patients with COVID-19 presenting with ischemic stroke and cases with large-vessel
occlusion were identified. |
|
Migratory Pulmonary Infiltrates in a Patient With COVID-19 Infection and the
Role of Corticosteroids |
John, TM, Malek, et al |
Mayo Clin Proc |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
This letter to the editor discusses the case of a 62-year-old woman with CLL, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes mellitus
presented with low-grade fever, cough, and shortness of breath of 1-week duration. The patient was started on intravenous methylprednisolone at 1 mg/kg/d, which resulted in improvement in oxygenation and resolution of fever. She was discharged in stable condition
after 7 days of corticosteroids. |
|
Safety Update: COVID-19 Convalescent Plasma in 20,000 Hospitalized Patients |
Joyner, MJ, Bruno, et al |
Mayo Clin Proc |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
The objective of this study was to provide an update on key safety metrics after transfusion of convalescent plasma
in hospitalized COVID-19 patients, having previously demonstrated safety in 5000 hospitalized patients. These updated data provide robust evidence that transfusion of convalescent plasma is safe in hospitalized patients with COVID-19, and support the notion
that earlier administration of plasma within the clinical course of COVID-19 is more likely to reduce mortality. |
|
Kabak, Vesile Yildiz, Uysal, et al |
Research Square prepub |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
The aim of this study was to address supportive care needs, compliance to exercise program, quality of life level (QOL),
and anxiety level during the COVID-19 pandemic in individuals treated with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). |
|
|
Kassie, BA, Adane, et al |
PLoS One |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
The study aims to assess the knowledge and attitude towards COVID-19, and associated factors among health care providers
in Northwest Ethiopia in 2020. |
|
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A familial cluster of severe coronavirus disease 2019 that required intubation
of all family members |
Katsuno, T, Suzuki, et al |
Infect Dis (Lond) |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
This letter to the editor discusses the case of a severe familial cluster case in which all members were intubated. |
|
Keel, PK, Gomez, et al |
Int J Eat Disord |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
Authors document perceived changes since COVID-19 and compares these to observed longitudinal changes in reported weight,
BMI, and how college students described their weight. Shifts in how body weight is experienced in the wake of COVID-19 that do not align with observed changes in reported weight may reflect cognitive distortions that could increase risk for disordered eating
in some individuals. |
|
|
Khalil, R, Mansour, et al |
BMC Med Educ |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
This study aimed to explore undergraduate medical students' perceptions regarding the effectiveness of synchronized
online learning at Unaizah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia. |
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PMC7419270; Intracranial hemorrhage in a young COVID-19 patient |
Khattar, NK, Sharma, et al |
Interdiscip Neurosurg |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
COVID-19 patients are increasingly understood to develop multisystem manifestations, including neurologic involvement.
We report the case of a 42-year old COVID-19 positive patient with a fatal intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). The patient presented with fever and dyspnea, requiring intubation due to medical complications. After prolonged sedation and anticoagulation, the patient
suddenly developed bilaterally fixed and dilated pupils, caused by a right-sided intracranial hemorrhage with uncal herniation. The course of this case illustrates the delicate balance between hypercoagulability and coagulation factor depletion; especially
in the intubated and sedated patient, in whom regular neurological assessments are impeded. As we expand our understanding of the neurological ramifications of COVID-19, clinicians need to be increasingly aware of the precarious coagulation balance. |
|
A PCR amplicon–based SARS-CoV-2 replicon for antiviral
screening |
Kotaki, Tomohiro, Xie, et al |
bioRxiv |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
Replicon, a non-infectious self-replicative viral RNA, could be a safe and effective tool for antiviral screening;
however, SARS-CoV-2 replicon has not been reported yet. Authors generated a PCR-based SARS-CoV-2 replicon. This system could be applied to the safe and effective antiviral screening without using infectious SARS-CoV-2. |
|
Koutsellis, T, Nikas, et al |
Chaos Solitons Fractals |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
This article provides predictions for the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus for a number of European countries and the
United States of America, drawing from their different profiles, both socioeconomically and in terms of outbreak and response to the 2019–2020 coronavirus pandemic, from an engineering and data science perspective.
|
|
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Kroska, EB, Roche, et al |
J Contextual Behav Sci |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
This study examined demographic characteristics, pandemic-related adversity, and psychological flexibility in relation
to general and peritraumatic distress in a sample of United States survey respondents. |
|
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PMC7427559; Data-driven modeling of COVID-19-Lessons learned |
Kuhl, E |
Extreme Mech Lett |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
Authors discuss the lessons learned from six month of modeling COVID-19. They anticipate that this summary will stimulate
discussion within the modeling community and help provide guidelines for robust mathematical models to understand and manage the COVID-19 pandemic. |
|
Kurten, S, Beullens, et al |
Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
In this study, a social media analysis is conducted to examine the public discourse about the COVID-19 pandemic on
Twitter. |
|
|
Kusaba, Y, Izumi, et al |
Intern Med |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
An 83-year-old man was hospitalized for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) after a 10-day history of a persistent
fever. Chest computed tomography showed extensive non-segmental ground glass opacity. Despite the initiation of lopinavir and ritonavir, respiratory failure progressed. Two days of polymyxin B-immobilized fiber column-direct hemoperfusion (PMX-DHP) with adjunctive
corticosteroid prevented his respiratory condition from worsening. For rapidly progressive COVID-19 cases, the early use of PMX-DHP may avoid the need for mechanical ventilation by suppressing local inflammation of the lung. |
|
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Kwon, Taeyong, Gaudreault, et al |
bioRxiv |
Transmission Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
We report the stability of SARS-CoV-2 on various surfaces under indoor, summer and spring/fall conditions. The virus
was more stable under the spring/fall condition with virus half-lives ranging from 17.11 to 31.82 hours, whereas under indoor and summer conditions the virus half-lives were 3.5-11.33 and 2.54-5.58 hours, respectively.Competing Interest StatementThe authors
have declared no competing interest. |
|
|
Lainšček, Duško, Fink, et al |
bioRxiv |
Vaccine Research| Recherche sur les vaccins |
Authors examine the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the surface-exposed spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 represents a suitable
target for the induction of neutralizing antibodies upon vaccination. |
|
|
Lamb, TL, Winter, et al |
J Air Transp Manag |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
Authors attempt to identify what type of person is willing to fly during the COVID-19 pandemic. Regression equations
were created for both business and pleasure travel, and the following predictors were significant for both scenarios: perceived threat from COVID-19, agreeableness, affect, and fear. These models accounted for 66-67% of the variance in willingness to fly.Airlines
and governments could use these findings to help control the message to potential passengers on actions being taken to provide a safe flying experience, such as mask wearing policies and aircraft disinfectant procedures. |
|
|
Lande, Dmitry, Strashnoy, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
A model of correlation networks is proposed, which takes into account the absolute values of the compared measurement
series and the mutual offsets of these series. |
|
|
Risk of Acute Cerebrovascular Events in Patients with COVID-19 Infection |
Lang, M, Li, et al |
AJNR Am J Neuroradiol |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Authors report a similar risk of acute CVE at a large academic institution in the United States. |
|
Laurent, EstelleMN, Sofianatos, et al |
bioRxiv |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
Authors define the first proximal interaction network of SARS-CoV-2 proteins, at the whole proteome level in human
cells. |
|
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Herpes simplex virus and cytomegalovirus reactivations among severe COVID-19 patients |
Le Balc'h, P, Pinceaux, et al |
Crit Care |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Authors reviewed all virology results for patients admitted to Rennes University Hospital (France) for COVID-19 ARDS
between March 3, 2020, and April 15, 2020. |
|
Lehman, CaitlinW, Flur, et al |
bioRxiv |
Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI) |
The present study hypothesized that exposure to Si3N4 (silicon nitride) would not elicit a toxic response from mammalian
cells under experimental conditions while demonstrating a time- and dose-dependent inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 and thus discourage fomite-mediated spread. Vero cell viability increased at 5% and 10% (w/v) concentrations of silicon nitride at exposure times
up to 10 minutes, and there was only minimal impact on cell health and viability up to 20% (w/v). However, the SARS-CoV-2 titers were markedly reduced when exposed to all concentrations of silicon nitride; the reduction in viral titers was between 85% - 99.6%,
depending on the dose and duration of exposure. |
|
|
Lemyze, M, Courageux, et al |
Crit Care Med |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
The objective of this retrospective case-control study was to investigate patients' characteristics, management, and
outcomes in the critically ill population admitted to the ICU for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus disease 2019 pneumonia causing an acute respiratory distress syndrome. Results indicate that severe coronavirus disease 2019 pneumonia struck preferentially
the vulnerable obese population, evolved toward a multiple organ failure, required prolonged mechanical ventilatory support. |
|
|
Levy, C, Lassailly, et al |
Am J Gastroenterol |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
This is a retrospective cohort of critical patients in a teaching hospital: 12 treated with lopinavir/ritonavir and
30 in the standard-of-care group to investigate potential hypatotoxcity. Results find that bilirubin elevation occurred more frequently in patients treated with lopinavir/ritonavir (33% vs 6.7%). |
|
|
Li, C, Chen, et al |
Aging (Albany NY) |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
This study aimed to investigate clinical characteristics and outcomes of chronic liver disease (CLD) confirmed in COVID-19
patients. Results find that COVID-19 patients also diagnosed with CLD suffered longer length of stays, slight liver injuries and a higher mortality when compared to COVID-19 patients without CLD. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) was an independent
risk factor for in-hospital deaths. Increased expression of NLR was an indicator of poor prognosis in COVID-19 patients with CLD. |
|
|
Li, H, Yu, et al |
J Pediatr |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
In this study, we analyzed pediatric visit data during the pandemic in Hangzhou to identify whether restrictions affected
children's health. As expected, most visits for common infectious diseases decreased, whereas the high rate of atopic dermatitis and related skin conditions may be related to the lack of sunlight exposure and decreased vitamin D levels during the longtime
home quarantine. |
|
|
Li, S, Jiang, et al |
Eur Respir J |
Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes |
We devised a reverse transcription multiple cross displacement amplification (RT-MCDA) coupled with nanoparticles-based
biosensor (BS) assay (RT-MCDA-BS) for rapid, sensitive and specific diagnosis of COVID-19. The COVID-19 RT-MCDA-BS could detect down to 5 copies of target sequences. Among 65 clinical samples from the COVID-19 patients, 22 (33.8%) positive results were obtained
from face, nasal, pharyngeal and anal swabs via COVID-19 RT-MCDA-BS assay. |
|
|
SNPs or RNA modifications? Concerns on mutation-based evolutionary studies of
SARS-CoV-2 |
Li, Y, Yang, et al |
PLoS One |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
Here, we claim that we reliably detected A-to-G RNA modifications in the RNA-seq data of SARS-CoV-2 with high signal
to noise ratios, presumably caused by the host's deamination enzymes. We also argue that since SARS-CoV-2 is an RNA virus, it is technically impossible to distinguish SNPs and RNA modifications from the RNA-seq data alone without solid evidence, making it
difficult to tell the evolutionary patterns behind the mutation spectrum. |
|
Lung ultrasound predicts clinical course and outcomes in COVID-19 patients |
Lichter, Y, Topilsky, et al |
Intensive Care Med |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We performed the first systematic and comprehensive lung ultrasound (LUS) evaluation of consecutive patients hospitalized
with COVID-19 infection, in order to describe LUS findings and their association with clinical course and outcome. We find that hospitalized patients with COVID-19, at all clinical grades, present with pathological LUS findings. Baseline LUS score strongly
correlates with the eventual need for invasive mechanical ventilation and is a strong predictor of mortality. |
|
PMC7437408; A Case of Reactive Arthritis Secondary to Coronavirus Disease 2019
Infection |
Liew, IY, Mak, et al |
J Clin Rheumatol |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Case report of a 47-year-old mam from Chennai who presented with a 3 day history of knee and genital pain with a fever
lasting one day. A diagnosis of reactive arthritis secondary to COVID-19 was made. |
|
Lim, A, Gupta, et al |
Aust Health Rev |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
This is a pilot study that aimed to: (1) describe the ability of emergency physicians to provide primary consults at
an Australian, major metropolitan, adult emergency department (ED) during the COVID-19 pandemic when compared with historical performance; and (2) to identify the effect of system and process factors on productivity. A total of 188 shifts were analysed. Productivity
was 4.07 patients per 9.5-h shift (95% CI 3.56–4.58) or 0.43 patients per h, representing a 48.5% reduction from previously published data (P < 0.0001). |
|
|
Redeployment of ophthalmologists in the United Kingdom during the Coronavirus Disease
Pandemic |
Lim, C, De Silva, et al |
Eur J Ophthalmol |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
This survey was performed to assess aspects of of training & education, tasks expected, availability of personal protection
equipment (PPE) used and the overall anxiety of ophthalmologists around their redeployment to areas of need across the National Health Service (NHS). 145 surveys were completed and returned during a 2-week period between 17th April 2020 and 1st May 2020, when
52% of ophthalmologists were redeployed. The majority of this group consisted of ophthalmologists in training (79%). 81% of those redeployed were assigned to areas of the hospital where patients with confirmed Coronavirus disease were being treated as inpatients. |
|
A novel strategy for community screening of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19): Sample pooling
method |
Lim, KL, Johari, et al |
PLoS One |
Surveillance Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes |
In efforts to increase the cost-effectiveness and efficiency of COVID-19 screening, we evaluated the feasibility of
pooling clinical Nasopharyngeal/Oropharyngeal (NP/OP) swab specimens during nucleic acid extraction without a reduction in sensitivity of qRT-PCR. Pools of 10 specimens were extracted and subsequently tested by qRT-PCR according to the WHO-Charité protocol.
We demonstrated that the sample pooling method showed no loss of sensitivity. |
|
PMC7378467; Viral sepsis is a complication in patients with Novel Corona Virus
Disease (COVID-19) |
Liu, D, Wang, et al |
Med Drug Discov |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Here we provide a full description of three cases of viral sepsis and subsequent multiple organ dysfunction (MODS)
caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection imported to Guiyang from Wuhan. |
|
Liu, D, Yang, et al |
Clin Infect Pract |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We aimed to analyze the characteristics and severity of patients with myocardial damage in novel coronavirus infected
pneumonia (NCIP) in China. Markers of cardiomyocyte injury were elevated not least in elderly males with pre-existing cardiovascular disease. Patients with elevated TnI (Troponin I) presented more severe situation, leading to multiple organ dysfunctions, which
appeared as a pivotal feature of patients with NCIP. |
|
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Associations between serum amyloid A, interleukin-6, and COVID-19: A cross-sectional study |
Liu, Q, Dai, et al |
J Clin Lab Anal |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We aimed to provide potential laboratory basis for auxiliary distinguishing coronavirus disease (COVID-19) by monitoring
serum amyloid A (SAA), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR). We found that combined detection of SAA and IL-6 better separates healthy people from patients with COVID-19 than detection of SAA or IL-6 alone. |
|
Liu, Xianggen, Luo, et al |
arXiv |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
In this study, we develop a novel deep learning based framework, named GraphPPI, to predict the binding affinity changes
upon mutations based on the features provided by a graph neural network (GNN). In-depth analyses also showed GraphPPI can accurately estimate the effects of mutations on the binding affinity between SARS-CoV-2 and its neutralizing antibodies. |
|
|
Ischemic Necrosis of Lower Extremity in COVID-19: A Case Report |
Liu, Y, Chen, et al |
J Atheroscler Thromb |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We report a case of COVID-19 infection in a geriatric patient with arteriovenous thrombosis of the right lower limb.
Despite persistent anticoagulant therapy, the patient's arterial thrombosis continued to progress and presented with ischemic necrosis of the lower extremity. After amputation in this case, the levels of D-dimer and inflammatory cytokine increased progressively,
and he presented with acute myocardial infarction, which progressed rapidly to multisystem organ failure. |
|
Lockey, RF, Hudey, et al |
Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Here, we describe a patient who is a morbidly obese man, smoker, with severe refractory urticaria, angioedema, and
systemic symptoms requiring oral glucocorticoids, and who was subsequently diagnosed as having coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and had a successful outcome. |
|
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Serology characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 infection after exposure and post-symptom
onset |
Lou, B, Li, et al |
Eur Respir J |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Immunology | Immunologie |
We investigated the characteristics of antibody responses in 80 patients in China with COVID-19 during their hospitalisation
periods by detecting total antibodies, IgM and IgG using immunoassays. The seroconversion rates for Ab, IgM and IgG were 98.8%, 93.8% and 93.8%, respectively. The antibody levels increased rapidly beginning at 6 days post onset. and were accompanied by a decline
in viral load. |
|
Loveday, C, Sud, et al |
Gut |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of faecal immunochemical testing (FIT) prioritisation to mitigate
the impact of delays in the colorectal cancer (CRC) urgent diagnostic (2-week-wait (2WW)) pathway consequent from the COVID-19 pandemic. We modelled the reduction in CRC survival and life years lost resultant from per-patient delays of 2-6 months in the 2WW
pathway. Delay of 2/4/6 months across all 11 266 patients with CRC diagnosed per typical year via the 2WW pathway were estimated to result in 653/1419/2250 attributable deaths and loss of 9214/20 315/32 799 life years. |
|
|
Lu, J, Yin, et al |
J Clin Lab Anal |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
The aim of this retrospective cohort study was to articulate the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 and to reveal
possible factors that may affect the persistent time of positive SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid test, so as to identify which patients may deteriorate or have poor prognoses as early as possible. Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 include the exposure history and
typical systemic symptoms such as fever, cough, fatigue, decreased WBC and lymphocyte counts, and infiltration in both lower lobes on CT imaging. Among them, fatigue appears to be an important factor that affects the duration of positive SARS-CoV-2 nucleic
acid test in respiratory specimens. |
|
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Whole-Genome Sequencing Confirms SARS-CoV-2 Transmission between Healthcare Workers
and Patients |
Lucey, Mary, Macori, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
Here, we applied whole virus genome sequencing (WvGS) to analyse transmission routes of SARS-CoV-2 in hospital-acquired
(HA) COVID-19. Fifty patient and healthcare worker (HCW) samples in which SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected were analysed by WvGS and their phylogenetic relationship established. WvGS also provided evidence for SARS-CoV-2 transmission between HCWs and patients
and among HCW themselves. The majority of HA COVID-19 cases occurred in patients highly dependent on nursing care, suggesting that the likely route of transmission was by close contact or droplet, rather than aerosol, transmission. |
|
Luk, TT, Zhao, et al |
Tob Control |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
We examined if exposure to claims of a protective benefit of drinking and smoking circulating in social networking
sites was associated with changes in tobacco and alcohol consumption. We conducted a population-based, landline and mobile phone survey of 1501 randomly sampled adults aged 18 years or older (47.5% male) in Hong Kong in April 2020. Our results first showed
that exposure to health misinformation that smoking/alcohol drinking can protect against COVID-19 was associated with self-reported increases in tobacco and alcohol consumption in Chinese during the pandemic. |
|
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COVID-19 patients in earlier stages exhaled millions of SARS-CoV-2 per hour |
Ma, J, Qi, et al |
Clin Infect Dis |
Transmission |
Here, we mainly investigated the breath emission of SARS-CoV-2 from 49 COVID-19 patients recruited in Beijing in addition
to its environmental detection. Exhaled breath samples had the highest positive rate (26.9%, n=52), followed by surface swabs (5.4%, n=242), and air samples (3.8%, n=26). |
|
A fluid mechanics explanation of the effectiveness of common materials for respiratory
masks |
Maher, B, Chavez, et al |
Int J Infect Dis |
Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique |
The focus of the present study is to investigate the aerosol filtration efficiency of common household materials and
their effects to the flow characteristics in the vicinity flow regions. Single-layer materials were less efficient, but they had a low pressure drop. Multi-layer materials could produce greater filtering efficiency with an increased pressure drop, which is
an indicator of comfort level and breathability. |
|
Mahmoudi, MR, Baleanu, et al |
Chaos Solitons Fractals |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
In this work, the distributions of the spread of Covid-19 in Unites States America, Spain, Italy, Germany, United Kingdom,
France, and Iran were compared and clustered using fuzzy clustering technique. The results of Pearson correlation indicated that there were positive and significant between total confirmed cases, total dead cases and population's size of the countries. The
clustering results indicated that the distribution of spreading in Spain and Italy was approximately similar and differed from other countries. |
|
|
Malicki, J, Martenka, et al |
Rep Pract Oncol Radiother |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
The main objective of this study was to assess the impact of precautionary measures implemented in response to the
COVID-19 pandemic on the performance of a radiation oncology departments and on mitigation the risk of COVID-19 contagion between and among patients and staff in Poland. The number of patients treated with radiotherapy during the study period decreased due
to precautionary measures. After five weeks, the number of radiotherapy treatments began to increase. |
|
|
Maloney, LM, Yang, et al |
Ann Biomed Eng |
Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI) |
Our primary objective was to create a barrier device with the ability to reduce transmission of airborne particles
generated during airway interventions that is portable and could be assembled from commonly available components that are unlikely to be in short supply during the pandemic. The Patient Particle Containment Chamber (PPCC) consists of a standard shower liner
draped over a modified octagonal PVC pipe frame and secured with binder clips. 3D printed sleeve portals were used to secure plastic sleeves to the shower liner wall. A weighted tube sealed the exterior base of the chamber with the contours of the patient's
body and stretcher. Upon testing, the PPCC contained 99% of spray-paint particles sprayed over a 90s period. |
|
|
Mamishi, S, Movahedi, et al |
Epidemiol Infect |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We performed a retrospective study of all patients with case definition for multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children
(MIS-C) admitted to the 3 pediatric hospitals in Iran in order to elucidate demographic characteristics, clinical data, laboratory findings, imaging and echocardiographic findings, treatments used. We found there was a wide spectrum of presenting signs and
symptoms; evidence of inflammation with abnormal values of CRP, ESR, D-dimer, ferritin, and albumin; and multi-organ involvement. |
|
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PMC7351379; Cytokine prediction of mortality in COVID19 patients |
Mandel, M, Harari, et al |
Cytokine |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
This was a prospective, non-randomized study that included hospitalized patients diagnosed with COVID-19 in order to
asses the predictive value of cytokines for mortality. Our findings demonstrate that IL-6 expression is significant for the prediction of 30-day mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients and, therefore, may assist in treatment decisions. |
|
Validation of the Italian version of self-administered ALSFRS-R scale |
Manera, U, Cabras, et al |
Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
In this study, we developed and tested the Italian version of the self-administered ALSFRS-R scale during the COVID-19
pandemic, analyzing its overall and single items reliability as well as its ability to correctly classify ALS patients in clinical stages, such as the King’s College staging system and the Milano–Torino staging system (MiToS), according to their clinical and
cognitive features, evaluating the differences based on caregivers’ assistance during questionnaire answering. Correlation between the two scales was 0.94 and no systematic directional bias was found. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was very
high (>0.90) for the vast majority of the considered classification criteria, especially King's total score (0.96) and MiToS score (0.94). |
|
Staging Severity of COVID-19 according to Hemostatic Abnormalities (CAHA Score) |
Marchandot, B, Trimaille, et al |
Thromb Haemost |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
This is the first study to show a stepwise increase in venous thrombotic events according to COVID-19 coagulopathy
(COVID-19-associated hemostatic abnormalities [CAHA]) staging and lung injuries assessed by chest computed tomography. Excess mortality and/or transfer to intensive care unit according to CAHA staging. |
|
Marchiano, Silvia, Hsiang, et al |
bioRxiv |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
Here we examine the cardiac tropism of SARS-CoV-2 using human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hPSC-CMs)
and three-dimensional engineered heart tissues (3D-EHTs). We observe that hPSC-CMs express the viral receptor ACE2 and other viral processing factors, and that SARS-CoV-2 readily infects and replicates within hPSC-CMs, resulting in rapid cell death. Moreover,
infected hPSC-CMs show a progressive impairment in both electrophysiological and contractile properties. Thus, COVID-19-related cardiac symptoms likely result from a direct cardiotoxic effect of SARS-CoV-2. Long-term cardiac complications might be possible
sequelae in patients who recover from this illness. |
|
|
Marfia, Giovanni, Navone, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We aimed to evaluate the prognostic power of circulating sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) in COVID-19, to propose S1P
as a novel prognostic and predictive biomarker. Our major finding is the drop of serum S1P level in COV, strongly associated with the decrease of red blood cells, the major source of plasmatic S1P, and both apoM and albumin, the most important transporters
of circulating S1P. The multivariable regression analysis revealed that S1P is the most important predictor for ICU admission (OR:39·45, [95%CI:1·51-1031·60]; p=0·027), and Cox proportional-hazards model demonstrated a high power of S1P in predicting patient’s
outcome. Taken together, our results suggest that restoring S1P at physiological level may represent a novel therapeutic strategy. |
|
|
Martin, C, Montesinos, et al |
J Hosp Infect |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection
d'agents pathogènes |
Staff working in units that were highly exposed to COVID-19 were invited to participate in a 6-month study on the carriage
and seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2. The results from visits on Day 1 and Day 15 show that 41 cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection were confirmed by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and/or serology in 326 participants (overall infection rate 12.6%). The
presence of comorbidities or symptoms at the time of sample collection was a risk factor for infection, but working as a physician/nurse was not a risk factor. Universal screening in high-risk units, irrespective of symptoms, allowed the identification of
asymptomatic and potentially contagious infected workers, enabling them to self-isolate for 7 days. |
|
|
Martin, JoseLuisR |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
The aim of this study was to determine whether unexpected changes in trend of the all-cause mortality curve, could
serve as an indicator to provide early preventive interventions. The results showed a constantly increasing risk from the ninth week (Sunday 23 rd February). Three weeks before lockdown. Adjusted RR: 0·403 (Week 8), 0·406 (W9), 0·408 (W10), 0·446 (W11), 0·583
(W12), P < 0·001 in all cases. In males the risk increased from the same week. Adjusted RR: 0·372 (W8), 0·386 (W9), 0·388 (W10), 0·429 (W11), 0·578 (W12), P<0·001. In contrast, for females the risk started to increase from week 11. By groups of age there were
again two weeks of difference between the population under 65 years (W 11) vs over 74 years of age (W 9). Six days were earned using baseline years with similar seasonal trend pattern. |
|
|
Martin-Delgado, Jimmy |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
The aim was to establish what were the needs of the healthcare professionals, and the technical difficulties they must
face, during the first impact of the outbreak. A cross-sectional web-based survey was conducted involving healthcare workforce in most populous cities from three Latin American countries in April 2020. Most common perceived deficiencies were closed special
protection suits 643 (59·4%), N95 masks 600 (55·5%) and face shields 569 (52·6%). Professionals who performed procedures that generated aerosols reported more deficiencies (p<0·05). Professionals working in the emergency department and primary care reported
more deficiencies than intensive care units and hospitalization wards (p<0·001). Up to 556 (51·4%) of the participants reported not having sufficient knowledge about how to use personal protective equipment and mentioned not feeling comfortable with these
concepts, of these professionals working in public institutions felt less prepared that their peers in private institutions (p<0·001). |
|
|
Martinez, Xavier, Baaden, et al |
bioRxiv |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
Using a variety of technology vectors related to the cloud, 3D- and virtual reality gear, we examine how to share curated
visualizations of structural biology, modeling and/or bioinformatics datasets for interactive and collaborative exploration. We discuss F.A.I.R. as overarching principle for sharing such visualizations. We provide four initial example scenes related to recent
Covid-19 structural data together with a ready-to-use (and share) implementation in the UnityMol software. |
|
|
Martino, Marianna, Aboud, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
We interviewed a cohort of AI patients assessing: COVID-19 prevalence and clinical presentation; prevalence of AC and
association with intercurrent COVID-19 or pandemic-related psychophysical stress; lockdown-induced emotional burden, and health-related QoL. COVID-19 occurred in one (0·8% prevalence) 48-year-old woman with primary AI, who promptly tailored her replacement.
Dyspnea lasted three days, without requiring hospitalization. Secondary AI patients were not involved. No AC were experienced, but pandemic-related stress accounted for 6/14 glucocorticoid up-titrations. Mean CORTI-COVID was similar between groups, mainly
depending on “personal health” in primary AI (ρ=0·888, p<0·0001) and “economy” in secondary AI (ρ=0·854, p<0·0001). Working restrictions increased occupational concern. CORTI-COVID correlated inversely with QoL. AddiQoL-30 and SF-36 correlated strongly. Comorbidities
worsened patients’ QoL. |
|
|
Masur, J, Freeman, et al |
AJNR Am J Neuroradiol |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
In this clinical case series, we report our experience to date with neurologic complications of extracorporeal membrane
oxygenation therapy for COVID-19 ARDS. We have found an unexpectedly increased rate of complications as demonstrated by neuroimaging compared with meta-analysis data in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation therapy for all ARDS etiologies over the past few decades
and compared with the most recent baseline data describing the incidence of neurologic complication in all patients with COVID-19. For our 12-patient cohort, there was a rate of intracranial hemorrhage of 41.7%. Representative cases and images of devastating
intracranial hemorrhage are presented. We hypothesize that the interplay between hematologic changes inherent to extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and inflammatory and coagulopathic changes that have begun to be elucidated as part of the COVID-19 disease
process are responsible. Continued analysis of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation therapy in this disease paradigm is warranted. |
|
|
Matteo, Barabino, Gaetano, et al |
Research Square prepub |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
In this study we retrospectively analyzed our management strategy for patients with acute cholecystitis. According
to Tokyo Guidelines 2018, patients were successfully treated with antibiotic only, bedside percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage and laparoscopic cholecystectomy in 29.7%, 21.6 % and 48.7% of cases respectively. Therapeutic strategy of three out
of 8 cases, otherwise fit for surgery, submitted to percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage (37.5%), were directly modified by COVID-19 pandemic: one due to the SARS-CoV-2 positivity, while two others due to unavailability of operating room and intensive
care unit for post-operative monitoring respectively. Overall success rate of percutaneous drainage was of 87.5%, the mean post-procedural hospitalization length was 9 days, and no related adverse event were observed. |
|
|
Demographic and health factors associated with pandemic anxiety in the context of COVID-19 |
McElroy, E, Patalay, et al |
Br J Health Psychol |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
We aimed to develop a brief measure, the Pandemic Anxiety Scale, to capture the specific aspects of the pandemic that
are provoking anxiety, and explore how these vary by health and demographic factors. Two factors were identified in both samples: disease anxiety (e.g., catching, transmitting the virus) and consequence anxiety (e.g., impact on economic prospects); and unique
associations with health and demographic factors were observed. |
|
Mei, X, Zhang, et al |
Am J Infect Control |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Authors retrospectively analyze the clinical data of 494 confirmed COVID-19 patients admitted to a designated hospital
in Shanghai from January 20, 2020, to March 31, 2020, we compared the clinical manifestations in different populations and their influencing factors in COVID-19 patients. The majority of COVID-19 patients (91.7%) had early symptoms, whereas 7.89% of COVID-19
patients were asymptomatic. Younger patients had fewer symptoms, mainly the upper respiratory symptoms, and the illness condition was milder, which was more common in imported cases. Elderly male patients had severe symptoms when admitted. The number of days
needed for the patient's symptoms to disappear was closely related to the number of days necessary for the pharyngeal swab nucleic acid test to turn negative. |
|
|
Meng, F, Xu, et al |
Signal Transduct Target Ther |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
We performed a parallel assigned controlled, non-randomized, phase 1 clinical trial to evaluate the safety of human
umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) infusions in the treatment of patients with moderate and severe COVID-19 pulmonary disease. The study enrolled 18 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 (n = 9 for each group). No serious UC-MSCs infusion-associated
adverse events were observed. Two patients receiving UC-MSCs developed transient facial flushing and fever, and one patient developed transient hypoxia at 12 h post UC-MSCs transfusion. Mechanical ventilation was required in one patient in the treatment group
compared with four in the control group. All patients recovered and were discharged. Our data show that intravenous UC-MSCs infusion in patients with moderate and severe COVID-19 is safe and well tolerated. Phase 2/3 randomized, controlled, double-blinded
trials with long-term follow-up are needed to evaluate the therapeutic use of UC-MSCs to reduce deaths and improve long-term treatment outcomes in patients with serious COVID-19. |
|
|
Mesnil, M, Joubel, et al |
Anaesth Crit Care Pain Med |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Immunology | Immunologie |
the ProSeCov study aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of the prevention of occupational contamination by analysing
the seroprevalence rate for SARS-CoV-2. 646 samples associated with a questionnaire were collected (58% of the establishment's employees). 78 out of 646 samples had positive serology (12.1%). There was no difference in the seroconversion of HCW versus administrative
workers and between HCW from COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 units. These findings tend to suggest a positive impact of the training in hygiene and protection measures carried out by HCWs. Even if non statistical significance was shown, HCWs in the best-trained
units (ICU and intermediate care units) also have the lowest seroconversion rates. |
|
|
Miller, Benjamin, Tornari, et al |
Research Square prepub |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
The authors present 3-month data on airway, voice and swallow outcomes for this cohort to better understand the impact
of COVID-19 critical illness on laryngotracheal morbidity. During inpatient admission there were no statistically significant differences in reported rates of airway, voice, or swallow dysfunction. In Critical Illness Recovery Clinic, there were markedly
higher rates of reported airway, voice and swallow dysfunction in the COVID-19 pneumonitis cohort, although these rates only reached statistical significance in respect to airway outcomes (airway p=0.038, voice p=0.064, swallow p=0.240). 100% of patients reviewed
to date in the Laryngology-Speech Therapy Clinic following COVID-19 critical illness had clinically significant laryngeal pathology. |
|
|
Nursing Home Social Workers Perceptions of Preparedness and Coping for COVID-19 |
Miller, VJ, Fields, et al |
J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
This study employed a cross-sectional survey to nursing home social workers via social media on feelings of preparedness
for COVID-19, what has been most professionally helpful for social workers during these times in their role in COVID-19, as well as demographic questions. Data are based on a sample of 63 (N=63) nursing home social workers. Findings revealed that while some
social workers felt prepared for the coronavirus, many respondents stated that they were unprepared to meet the demands and challenges they were facing. Moreover, participants shared that professional support was critically important to get through COVID-19. |
|
SARS-CoV-2 spike D614G variant exhibits highly efficient
replication and transmission in hamsters |
Mok, Bobo Wing-Yee, Cremin, et al |
bioRxiv |
Animal model | Modèle animal |
We used the hamster infection model to compare the replication ability and pathogenicity of five SARS-CoV-2 strains
isolated from early cases originating in Wuhan, China, in February, and infected individuals returning from Europe and elsewhere in March 2020. The HK-13 and HK-95 isolates showed distinct pathogenicity in hamsters, with higher virus titers and more severe
pathological changes in the lungs observed compared to other isolates. HK-95 contains a D614G substitution in the spike protein and demonstrated higher viral gene expression and transmission efficiency in hamsters. Intra-host diversity analysis revealed that
further quasi species were generated during hamster infections, indicating that strain-specific adaptive mutants with advantages in replication and transmission will continue to arise and dominate subsequent waves of SARS-CoV-2 dissemination. |
|
Coronavirus disease 2019 in patients with HIV in the province of Araba, Basque
Country, Spain |
Molina-Iturritza, E, San-José-Muñiz, et al |
AIDS |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
In this study, we aim to describe the epidemiological and laboratory characteristics, as well as the clinical course
of those HIV patients in Araba (Spain) who developed COVID-19 infection. We performed an observational study in which we retrospectively analyzed the cases of eight HIV positive patients infected with COVID-19, diagnosed until 14 April in Araba. The cumulative
incidence of COVID-19 in people with HIV/AIDS was about 0.89% (confidence interval 95%: 0.22–1.55%), quite similar to the morbidity of population in Araba, 0.93% (3075 out of 331 549 according to the report by 14 April 2020). Among these eight patients, three
were treated with lopinavir and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), one with lopinavir and interferon beta-1b (IFNb-1), one with IFNb-1 and HCQ, another one with HCQ and his/her usual ARV therapy and the last two did not change their ARV therapy nor received additional
drug treatment. |
|
Mondoni, M, Sferrazza Papa, et al |
Eur Respir J |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
The primary aim of the present study was to describe the diagnostic yield of bronchoscopy in patients with negative
nasopharyngeal swab(s) and a clinical and radiological suspicion of COVID-19 pneumonia. The diagnostic yield of bronchoscopy to detect SARS-CoV-2 in patients with previous negative swabs and a clinical and radiological suspicion of COVID-19 pneumonia was 55.1%
(43/78). No differences were found between bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and bronchial washing (BW) (35/61, 57.4%, and 8/17, 47.1%, respectively; p-value: 0.45). 2/109 (1.8%) patients with previous negativity of both nasopharyngeal swabs and BAL for SARS-CoV-2
showed subsequent positive swabs. Hence, 45/78 (57.7%) patients had a definite diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia.Our findings show that bronchoscopy might be useful in patients with suspected COVID-19 pneumonia and negative swabs, with an acceptable diagnostic
performance of BAL and BW. |
|
|
Moradian, Seyed Tayeb, Parandeh, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
This follow-up cross sectional study that was done during February to April, 2020. Two hundred patients who were hospitalized
for COVID-19 and were discharged were assessed for delayed symptoms 6 weeks after discharge. Dyspnea was seen in 119 (59.5%) 0f them as the most frequent symptom. Then weakness, myalgia, and shivering were reported with a frequency of 111 (55.5%), 107 (53.5%),
and 103 (51.5%), respectively. six weeks after discharge reassessment was done. None of the patients was readmitted to the hospital. Ninety-four (42%) of them were symptom free. Fatigue was the most frequent delayed symptom with a frequency of 39 (19.5%),
and then dyspnea, weakness, and activity intolerance with a frequency of 37 (18.5%), 36 (18%), and 29 (14.5%) were reported, respectively. |
|
|
Happy Hypoxia: Higher NO in red blood cells of COVID-19 patients |
Moratz, Esmaeil, Malekmohammad, et al |
Research Square prepub |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
This study aims to elucidate the intracellular levels of NO inside of RBCs in COVID-19 patients compared with that
of healthy control subjects, intracellular levels of NO play an important role in the vasodilation of small vessels. The Mean florescent of intensity for NO was significantly enhanced in COVID-19 patients compared with healthy control subjects (P≤0.05). As
a further control for whether hypoxia induced this higher intracellular NO, we evaluated the levels of NO inside RBC of hypoxic patients. No significant differences in NO levels were seen between the hypoxic and non-hypoxic control group. |
|
Motohashi, I, Takano, et al |
J Dermatol |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
A 52‐year‐old Japanese man with no remarkable medical history was referred to our hospital by his family physician
as he was experiencing a 6‐day history of fever and a 3‐day history of a skin rash. Physical examination revealed a non‐pruritic, miliary‐sized, maculopapular exanthem and erythematous confluent rash on the patient’s trunk and on the flexor surfaces of his
arms and legs. Imaging results suggested COVID‐19, and the patient subsequently tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 |
|
|
Murrell, Isa Imanial, Forde, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Here, we describe humoral responses amongst a cohort of hospitalised COVID patients early following the onset of symptoms.
Protective humoral immunity may arise rapidly following initial SARS-CoV-2 infection. These data revealed events and patterns of SARS-CoV-2 seroconversion that may be important predictors of the outcome of infection and guide the delivery of clinical services
in the COVID response. |
|
|
Narang, A, Chan, et al |
Int Orthop |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
A multicentre prospective study across ten sites in the United Kingdom (responsible for 7% of hip fracture patients
per annum in the UK) was conducted to understand the effect of concomitant COVID-19 infection in these patients. Actual and expected 30-day mortality was found to be significantly higher than expected for 2020 COVID-19 positive patients (RR 3.00 95% CI 1.57–5.75,
p < 0.001), with 30 observed deaths compared against the 10 expected from NHFS risk stratification. COVID-19 infection appears to be an independent risk factor for increased mortality in hip fracture patients. Whilst non-operative management of these fractures
is not suggested due to the documented increased risks and mortality, this study provides evidence to the emerging literature of the severity of COVID-19 infection in surgical patients and the potential impact of COVID-19 on elective surgical patients in the
peri-operative period. |
|
|
Continuous extracorporeal treatments in a dialysis patient with COVID-19 |
Nihei, Yoshihito, Nagasawa, et al |
Research Square prepub |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We herein report our experience with a 66-year-old male patient undergoing maintenance peritoneal dialysis who became
critically ill with COVID-19 and underwent several extracorporeal treatment approaches including plasma exchange, direct hemoperfusion using a polymyxin B-immobilized fiber column and continuous hemodiafiltration. Though the patient developed ARDS repeatedly
and subacute cerebral infarction and finally died for respiratory failure on day 30 after admission, these attempts appeared to somewhat dampen the cytokine storm based on the observed decline in serum IL-6 levels and were effective against ARDS and secondary
haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. This case suggests the significance of timely initiation of extracorporeal treatment approaches in critical ill patients with COVID-19. |
|
Niriella, MA, Ediriweera, et al |
Trials |
RCT |
Our aim is to study the effectiveness and safety of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) for post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) among
naval personnel with exposure to COVID-19-positive patients. This is a placebo-controlled, randomized, clinical trial carried out in the naval base camp and quarantine centers of the Sri Lanka Navy, Ministry of Defense, Sri Lanka. |
|
|
A panel of human neutralizing mAbs targeting SARS-CoV-2 spike at multiple epitopes |
Noy-Porat, T, Makdasi, et al |
Nat Commun |
Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes Immunology
| Immunologie |
Here we report the isolation and characterization of a panel of human neutralizing monoclonal antibodies targeting
the SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain (RBD). These antibodies were selected from a phage display library constructed using peripheral circulatory lymphocytes collected from patients at the acute phase of the disease. These neutralizing antibodies are shown
to recognize distinct epitopes on the viral spike RBD. A subset of the antibodies exert their inhibitory activity by abrogating binding of the RBD to the human ACE2 receptor. The human monoclonal antibodies described here represent a promising basis for the
design of efficient combined post-exposure therapy for SARS-CoV-2 infection. |
|
Nuzzo, A, Tan, et al |
Mayo Clin Proc |
Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique |
This study aims to model and compare effect of digital contact tracing versus shelter-in-place on severe acute respiratory
syndrome – coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spread. Shelter-in-place results in rapid decline in infection rate at the expense of impacting a large population segment. The AACT model achieves reduction in infected and exposed individuals similar to shelter-in-place
without impacting a large number of individuals. For example, a 50% AACT adoption rate mimics a shelter-in-place order for 40% of the population and results in a greater than 90% decrease in peak number of infections. However, as compared to shelter-in-place,
with AACT significantly fewer individuals would be isolated. |
|
|
Obinata, H, Yokobori, et al |
J Nippon Med Sch |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We aimed to compare the data between patients with early-stage heat-related illness and those with COVID-19. This retrospective
observational study included 90 patients with early-stage heat-related illness selected from Heatstroke STUDY 2017-2019 (nationwide registries of heat-related illness in Japan) and 86 patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 with complaints of fever or
fatigue and were admitted to one of two hospitals in Tokyo, Japan. Findings show that acute kidney injury was associated with heat-related illness, which could be key in distinguishing or evaluating patients with fever in the summer during the COVID-19 pandemic. |
|
|
Okoh, AK, Bishburg, et al |
J Med Virol |
Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
We sought to evaluate the effect of Tocilizumab (TCB), a recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody against soluble
interleukin‐6 receptors, in patients hospitalized for COVID‐19. Early treatment with TCB in patients admitted for COVID ‐19 led to an improvement in their oxygen status during hospitalization. This change however did not translate into improved survival when
compared to a matched cohort with a similar clinical profile. |
|
|
Ozger, HS, Dizbay, et al |
J Med Virol |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
In this study, it was aimed to determine the prognostic value of the neopterin for the prediction of severe disease
in patients with COVID‐19. The median serum neopterin level was 4 times higher in COVID‐19 patients than the healthy controls (46 vs. 12 nmol/L; p<0.001). The AUC value of serum neopterin was 0.914 (95% CI; 0.85 to 0.97). The sensitivity and specificity of
serum neopterin for the cut‐off value of 90 nmol / L to identify severe COVID‐19 cases were 100 % and 76 %, respectively. Serum neopterin levels on hospitalization were significantly higher in severe COVID‐19 disease than mild COVID‐19 patients. Neopterin
levels can be used as an early prognostic biomarker for COVID‐19 on admission. |
|
|
Pagano, MB, Cataife, et al |
Transfusion |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
This report evaluates hospital blood use trends during the SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic, and identifies factors associated with
the need for transfusion and risk of death in patients with COVID‐1). Daily blood use decreased compared to pre–COVID‐19 levels; the effect was more significant for platelets (29% and 34%) compared to red blood cells (25% and 20%) at the two institutions,
respectively. Surgical and oncologic services had a decrease in average daily use of platelets of 52% and 30%, and red blood cells of 39% and 25%, respectively. A total of 128 patients with COVID‐19 were hospitalized, and 13 (10%) received at least one transfusion
due to anemia secondary to chronic illness (n = 7), recent surgery (n = 3), and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (n = 3). Lower baseline platelet count and admission to the intensive care unit were associated with increased risk of transfusion. The blood
group distribution in patients with COVID‐19 was 37% group O, 40% group A, 18% group B, and 5% group AB. Non–type O was not associated with increased risk of mortality. |
|
|
Pallardy, A, Rousseau, et al |
Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
1,396 18F-FDG PET/CT performed for routine oncological indication were retrospectively analyzed. We observed a 1.6%
increase in interstitial lung abnormalities during the period of COVID-19 circulation. All had < 50% lung involvement. We describe a case series with typical and atypical interstitial pneumonias suggestive of COVID-19 as unilateral or bilateral with ground-glass
opacity, consolidation, or crazy-paving patterns. |
|
|
Parcell, BJ, Brechin, et al |
Thorax |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
The requirement for health and social care workers to self-isolate when they or their household contacts develop symptoms
consistent with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection can lead to critical staff shortages in the context of a pandemic. In this report, we describe the implementation of a drive-through testing service in a single National
Health Service region in Scotland. From 17 March 2020 to 11 April 2020, 1890 SARS-CoV-2 reverse transcription PCR assay (RT-PCR) tests were performed. 22% of tests were positive. Allowing the remaining 78% of staff to return to work within 24 hours was estimated
to save over 8000 working days during the peak pandemic period. |
|
|
Pasquini, C, Hespanhol, et al |
Microchem J |
Infection Prevention and Control/ Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI) |
The use of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) based on a low-cost portable instrument for monitoring the quality of
the three major formulations of ethanol-based hand sanitizers used for prevention against CoVID-19 disease is described. The use of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) based on a low-cost portable instrument for monitoring the quality of the three major formulations
of ethanol-based hand sanitizers used for prevention against CoVID-19 disease is described. |
|
|
Patel, AB, Clifford, et al |
J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 carriage among hospitalized children and the risk of transmission to healthcare workers (HCW)
was evaluated through a point prevalence survey. We estimated a low, 1-2%, prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 among children without symptoms of COVID-19 and there were no secondary transmission events among HCW exposed to these patients. |
|
|
Patel, P, Yu, et al |
Ann Vasc Surg |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) patients with associated thromboembolic events have demonstrated poor outcomes despite the use
of anticoagulation therapy and surgical intervention. We present a COVID-19 patient with acute limb ischemia, secondary to extensive thrombosis of an aortic aneurysm, iliac arteries, and infrainguinal arteries. Initial treatment with systemic thrombolysis,
which restored patency of the aortoiliac occlusion, was followed by open thrombectomies of the infrainguinal occlusions. |
|
|
Patwary, Muhammad Mainuddin, Bardhan, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
This study aimed to evaluate the mental health status of the university student of Bangladesh during the COVID-19 pandemic.
A total of 544 respondents participated in the study through a self-reported questionnaire and their mental health was assessed by the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) scale. Results found that about 78% of the students were afflicted with mental disorders
during the COVID-19 lockdown. COVID-19 stressors including financial hardship, academic delays, worry about family member’s health and social media exposure were positively correlated with the anxiety levels of the students. Multivariate logistic regression
results showed that the gender and educational status of the students were significant predictors for their anxiety level. |
|
|
Peng, T, Liu, et al |
PLoS One |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Public health interventions*| Interventions
de santé publique |
To assess the effectiveness of city lockdown and intensive community screening, we built a modified SIR model by introducing
an α value into the classic SIR model. The α value represents the proportion of infected individuals who are not effectively isolated from susceptible individuals at a given time point. The accuracy of the modified SIR model was validated using data from Guangdong
and Zhejiang provinces. The lockdown of Wuhan city substantially reduced the α value for the rest of China excluding Hubei province, while only slightly reducing the α value for the city itself. Intensive community screening rapidly reduced the α value for
Wuhan. |
|
|
Clinical outcome of SARS-CoV-2 infection in immunosuppressed
children in Spain |
Pérez-Martinez, A, Guerra-García, et al |
Eur J Pediatr |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
A retrospective study of children less than 15 years old with primary or secondary immunosuppression infected with
SARS-CoV-2 during March 2020 was performed. In this series, 8 immunocompromised patients with COVID-19 disease are reported, accounting for 15% of the positive cases detected in children in a reference hospital. The severity of the symptoms was mild-moderate
in the majority with a predominance of febrile syndrome, with mild radiological involvement and in some cases with mild respiratory distress that required oxygen therapy. |
|
Pieh, C, Budimir, et al |
J Psychosom Res |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
This study evaluated mental health during COVID-19 lockdown in Austria and the effect of age, gender, income, work,
and physical activity. n online survey was performed through Qualtrics® after four weeks of lockdown in Austria to recruit a representative sample regarding gender, age, education, and region. ANOVAs, Bonferroni-corrected post-hoc tests, and t-tests showed
highest mental health problems in adults under 35 years, women, people with no work, and low income (all p-values <.05). Comparisons with a large Austrian sample recruited within the ATHIS 2014 study showed increases of depression and decreases of quality
of life in times of COVID-19 as compared to before COVID-19. |
|
|
Pillonetto, Gianluigi, Bisiacco, et al |
arXiv |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health
interventions*| Interventions de santé publique |
We develop a new class of nonparametric compartmental models able to describe how the impact of the lockdown varies
in time. When applied to data collected in Lombardy, the most affected Italian region, our model illustrates how people behaviour changed during the restrictions and its importance to contain the epidemic. Results also indicate that, at the end of the lockdown,
around 12% of people in Lombardy and 5% in Italy was affected by SARS-CoV-2. hen, we discuss how the situation evolved after the end of the lockdown showing that the reproduction number is dangerously increasing in the last weeks due to holiday relax especially
in the younger population and increased migrants arrival, reaching values larger than one on August 1, 2020. |
|
|
PMC7445013; Analytical solution of SEIR model
describing the free spread of the COVID-19 pandemic |
Piovella, N |
Chaos Solitons Fractals |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
We analytically study the SEIR (Susceptible Exposed Infectious Removed) epidemic model. The aim is to provide simple
analytical expressions for the peak and asymptotic values and their characteristic times of the populations affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. |
|
PMC7450912; How to follow-up a patient who received
tocilizumab in severe COVID-19: a case report |
Podlasin, RB, Kowalska, et al |
Eur J Med Res |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Here, we present a case of 27-year-old, otherwise healthy man, who was successfully treated with chloroquine, azithromycin,
tocilizumab and a standard of care. Initially the magnitude of lung devastation, clinical deterioration and the need for mechanical ventilation suggested unfavorable prognosis. However, we observed complete regression in radiological changes and rapid clinical
improvement. Irrespective of this, patient’s serum interleukin 6 and aminotransferases remained elevated even after a month from treatment. |
|
Powell, AbigailE, Zhang, et al |
bioRxiv |
Vaccine Research| Recherche sur les vaccins Animal model | Modèle animal |
We designed subunit vaccine candidates using self-assembling ferritin nanoparticles. After a single immunization of
mice with either of the two spike ferritin particles, a lentiviral SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus assay revealed mean neutralizing antibody titers at least 2-fold greater than those in convalescent plasma from COVID-19 patients. Additionally, a single dose of SΔC-Fer
elicited significantly higher neutralizing responses as compared to immunization with the spike receptor binding domain (RBD) monomer or spike ectodomain trimer alone. After a second dose, mice immunized with SΔC-Fer exhibited higher neutralizing titers than
all other groups. |
|
|
PMC7434303; Data on work-related consequences
of COVID-19 pandemic for employees across Europe |
Prochazka, J, Scheel, et al |
Data Brief |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
This article presents raw data that may be used to describe how the pandemic affected the work of employees in four
European countries and how it influenced their job attitudes, feelings and work performance. In total, 726 respondents from Germany, the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Italy filled out an extensive online survey and provided information about changes in their
workload, work difficulty, income, social contact, work from home, task performance and organizational commitment during the pandemic, and about the risk of being infected by COVID-19 during their workday. The employees also reported their actual work performance,
organizational commitment, job satisfaction, intention to leave and irritation in the time of the pandemic. To reveal factors that might help employees cope with pandemic, the respondents filled out established questionnaires measuring servant leadership of
their supervisor, perceived organizational support, social support provided by colleagues, their own occupational self-efficacy, resilience, job crafting and readiness for change. |
|
PMC7453068; Disparity in HIV Service Interruption in the Outbreak
of COVID-19 in South Carolina |
Qiao, S, Li, et al |
AIDS Behav |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
To examine HIV service interruptions during the COIVD-19 outbreak in South Carolina (SC) and identify geospatial and
socioeconomic correlates of such interruptions, we collected qualitative, geospatial, and quantitative data from 27 Ryan White HIV clinics in SC in March, 2020. Nearly 56% of the HIV clinics were partially interrupted and 26% were completely closed. Geospatial
heterogeneity of service interruption existed but did not exactly overlap with the geospatial pattern of COVID-19 outbreak. The percentage of uninsured in the service catchment areas was significantly correlated with HIV service interruption (F = 3.987, P = .02). |
|
Qing Pang, JH, Tang, et al |
Ann Vasc Surg |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We present a peculiar case of high grade small bowel obstruction secondary to congenital adhesion band with associated
focal bowel ischemia contributed by superior mesenteric vein thrombosis and positive lupus anticoagulant in a patient with COVID-19. |
|
|
A Case of Systemic
Lupus Erythematosus Flare Triggered by Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 |
Raghavan, S, Gonakoti, et al |
J Clin Rheumatol |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
The authors present a case of a 62-year old male with a history of SLE, presented to the ER with cough, shortness of
breath, headache, and diffuse purpuric rash. X-ray showed bilateral patchy airspace opacities. He tested positive for COVID-19. The patient was admitted to ICU, he had progressive illness, on day 14 the patient passed away. |
|
Rahman, MU, Arfan, et al |
Chaos Solitons Fractals |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
This paper is devoted to investigation of the fractional order fuzzy dynamical system, in our case, modeling the recent
pandemic due to corona virus (COVID-19). The considered model is analyzed for exactness and uniqueness of solution by using fixed point theory approach. We have also provided the numerical solution of the nonlinear dynamical system with the help of some iterative
method applying Caputo as well as Attangana-Baleanu and Caputo fractional type derivative. Also, random COVID-19 model described by a system of random differential equations was presented. At the end we have given some numerical approximation to illustrate
the proposed method by applying different fractional values corresponding to uncertainty. |
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Rahmani, H, Davoudi-Monfared, et al |
Daru |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
We prospectively evaluated the clinical outcomes of 213 patients with COVID-19 during the hospitalization course and
up to 56 days after the hospital discharge. The disease was categorized to moderate and severe based on the severity of pneumonia and peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2). The discharge rate of the moderate group was significantly higher than the severe group
at day 7, 14 and 28. The 28-day mortality of the severe group was six times higher than the moderate group. The need of admission in ICU for the severe group and the moderate group was 37.86% and 18.18% of the patients. Length of hospital stay was significantly
shorter in the moderate group in comparison with the severe group. Patients in the moderate group experienced the serious adverse events and complications less than the severe group. |
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Raj, V, Renjini, et al |
Chaos Solitons Fractals |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection
d'agents pathogènes |
The present work reports the spectral, nonlinear time series, fractal, and complexity analysis of vesicular (VB) and
bronchial (BB) breath signals. The dynamics of airflow through the respiratory tract during VB and BB are investigated using the nonlinear time series and complexity analyses in terms of the phase portrait, fractal dimension, Hurst exponent, and sample entropy. |
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Ran, J, Song, et al |
Hypertens Res |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
This study aimed to estimate the risks of adverse events associated with in-hospital blood pressure (BP) control and
the effects of angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) prescription in COVID-19 patients with concomitant hypertension. In this retrospective cohort study, the anonymized medical records of COVID-19 patients were retrieved from an acute field hospital in Wuhan,
China. Of 803 hypertensive patients, 67 (8.3%) were admitted to the ICU, 30 (3.7%) had respiratory failure, 26 (3.2%) had heart failure, and 35 (4.8%) died. After adjustment for confounders, the significant predictors of heart failure were average systolic
blood pressure (SBP) (hazard ratio (HR) per 10 mmHg 1.89, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.15, 3.13) and pulse pressure (HR per 10 mmHg 2.71, 95% CI: 1.39, 5.29). The standard deviations of SBP and diastolic BP were independently associated with mortality and
ICU admission. The risk estimates of poor BP control were comparable between patients receiving ARBs and those not receiving ARBs, with the only exception of a high risk of heart failure in the non-ARB group. Poor BP control was independently associated with
higher risks of adverse outcomes of COVID-19. ARB drugs did not increase the risks of adverse events in hypertensive patients. |
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Rea, Gaetano, Lassandro, et al |
Research Square prepub |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
The aim of our study was to assess the frequency distribution of relevant and incidental vascular events in a retrospective
cohort of 42 COVID-19 patients. Relevant vascular events were recorded in the 71.4% of the whole study population. Pulmonary embolism was the most frequent one both in ICU and no-ICU cases (56.5% vs10.5%, p=0.002). Ischemic infarction of other organs was
affecting with an increasing prevalence the gut, the spleen, the liver, the brain and the kidney, with a simultaneous ischemic occurrence in some cases. Multi-focal venous thrombosis was also represented especially in ICU patients (p=0.005). Among incidental
findings, splanchnic vessels little-size aneurysms were reported in the 40% of the whole population, with relative frequencies similarly distributed in ICU and no-ICU patients. |
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Resolvin D1 and D2 reduce SARS-Cov-2-induced inflammation
in cystic fibrosis macrophages |
Recchiuti, Antonio, Patruno, et al |
bioRxiv |
Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
Resolvins (Rv) are endogenous lipid autacoids that mediate resolution of inflammation and bacterial infections. Their
roles in SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 are of considerable interest in the context of cystic fibrosis (CF) given the paucity of data regarding the effect of this virus on immune cells from individuals with CF. Here, we provide evidence for Rv biosynthesis and regulatory
actions on CF macrophage inflammatory responses.Competing Interest StatementThe authors have declared no competing interest. |
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Reinders Folmer, Chris, Kuiper, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
We report the findings of two survey waves collected in early (7-10) and late (21-23) July among nationally representative
samples (N = 1064 and N = 1023, respectively). The results show that the decline in compliance that was observed from May to June seems to have halted. At the same time, important predictors of compliance – such as citizens’ capacity to comply, perceptions
of the threat of the virus, and support for mitigation measures – have ceased to decrease, or are increasing. Taken together, these findings suggest that Dutch citizens’ compliance with mitigation measures may be on the rise again. However, our findings also
suggest that social norms for compliance continue to be eroding, which may continue to dampen citizens’ tendency to comply. |
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Renteria, AE, Endam Mfuna, et al |
Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol |
Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
Objective: Confirm the role azithromycin may play in the regulation of pathways and genes involved in inflammation
and SARS-CoV-2 activation and cell-to-cell transmission. Primary airway nasal epithelial cells collected from nasal biopsies of three patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) were primary cultured and treated or not with 10µg of azithromycin. RNA was extracted
from these samples and analyzed using a microarray chip. Differential gene expression profiles and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were obtained between both groups. Cell cultures treated with 10µg of azithromycin significantly downregulated receptor-mediated
endocytosis canonical pathways involving TMPRSS2 and TMPRSS11D genes. Downregulated inflammation-associated genes included IL-1β and NDST1. |
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A simplified cell-based assay to identify coronavirus
3CL protease inhibitors |
Resnick, SamuelJ, Iketani, et al |
bioRxiv |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
We describe a mammalian cell-based assay capable of identifying coronavirus 3CL protease (3CLpro) inhibitors without
requiring the use of live virus. By enabling the facile testing of compounds across a range of coronavirus 3CLpro enzymes, including the one from SARS-CoV-2, we are able to quickly identify compounds with broad or narrow spectra of activity. |
|
Riiser, K, Helseth, et al |
PLoS One |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
This cross-sectional study includes survey data from 2,205 Norwegian adolescents 16–19 years of age. Television (TV)
and family were indicated to be the main sources for pandemic-related health information. Handwashing, physical distancing, and limiting the number of social contacts were the most frequently reported measures. health literacy (HL) and handwashing knowledge
and HL and handwashing behavior were significantly associated. For each unit increase on the HL scale, the participants were 5% more likely to socialize less with friends in comparison to normal. Being quarantined or isolated and having confirmed or suspected
Covid-19 were significantly negatively associated with health-related quality of life (HRQoL), but seeing less friends than normal was not associated. HL was significantly positively associated with HRQoL, albeit of minor clinical importance. |
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COVID-19 Pandemic Significantly Decreases Acute Surgical Complaints |
Riley, JS, Luks, et al |
Am Surg |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
A retrospective review was performed of all surgical consults at the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania in
the 30 days prior to and 30 days following confirmation of the first COVID-19 patient at the institution. Total surgical consult volume decreased by 43% in the post-COVID-19 period, with a significant reduction in the median daily consult volume from 14 to
8 (P < .0001). The percentage of consults resulting in surgical intervention remained equal in the 2 periods (31% vs 28%, odds ratio 0.85, 95% CI 0.61-1.21, P = .38) with most but not all operation types decreasing in frequency. |
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SARS-CoV-2: Enhancement and Segmentation of High-Resolution Microscopy
Images. Part I |
Rodriguez, Roberto, Mondeja, et al |
Research Square prepub |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
The SARS-Cov-2 images were captured from nasopharyngeal samples of Cuban symptomatic individuals (RT-PCR positives
for SARS-CoV-2), and processed via scanning electron microscopy. The aim of this work is to propose new computational methods to carry out enhancement and segmentation of SARS-Cov-2 high-resolution microscopic images. |
|
Roncati, L, Ligabue, et al |
Platelets |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We provide a detailed postmortem and biopsy report on the marked increase, up to 1 order of magnitude, of naked megakaryocyte
nuclei in the bone marrow and lungs from serious COVID-19 patients. Most likely related to high interleukin-6 serum levels stimulating megakaryocytopoiesis, this phenomenon concurs to explain well the pulmonary abnormal immunothrombosis in these critically
ill patients, all without molecular or electron microscopy signs of megakaryocyte infection. |
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Rosadas, Carolina, Randell, et al |
The Lancet |
Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes |
We received 2204 serum samples from staff and patients previously screened for anti-NP on the Abbott platform as part
of the routine diagnostic service by the UK National Health Service. These samples, principally selected in the Abbott binding ratio range of 0·25–2·5, were further tested using an in-house double binding antigen ELISA, which detects total antibodies to the
severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 receptor binding domain (RBD). This assay has a specificity of 100%, and a sensitivity of 98·9% . |
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Rubio Lorente, AM, Pola Guillén, et al |
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med |
Transmission Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We present two cases of pregnant women with COVID-19 infection during the first and second trimester of gestation in
which a PCR study of SARS-CoV-2 in amniotic fluid extracted by amniocentesis is performed to try to determine if there is vertical transmission. In both cases, the PCR result was negative. This fact could support the absence of vertical transmission when the
infection occurs in these quarters. |
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Saccon, Elisa, Krishnan, et al |
bioRxiv |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
We assessed the infectivity, replication dynamics and cytopathogenicity of the first Swedish isolate of SARS-CoV-2
in six different cell lines of human origin and compared their growth characteristics. High replication kinetics in absence of cytopathic-effect observed in many cell lines provided important clues on SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis. |
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Sasaki, Michihito, Uemura, et al |
bioRxiv |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
Here we examine the properties of SARS-CoV-2 variants with mutations at the S protein cleavage site that undergo inefficient
proteolytic cleavage. Virus variants with S gene mutations generated smaller plaques and exhibited a more limited range of cell tropism compared to the wild-type strain. Our study demonstrated that the S protein polybasic cleavage motif is a critical factor
underlying SARS-CoV-2 entry and cell tropism. |
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Sauceda, JA, Neilands, et al |
J Infect Dis |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
We investigated individual behaviors taken by White, African American, and Latino U.S. households in response to SARS-CoV-2,
and likelihood of using digital tools for symptom surveillance/reporting. We analyzed cross-sectional week one data (April 2020) of the COVID Impact Survey in a large, nationally-representative sample of U.S. adults. In general, all groups engaged in the same
prevention behaviors, but Whites reported being more likely to use digital tools to report/act on symptoms and seek testing, versus African Americans and Latinos. Individual behaviors may not explain COVID-19 case disparities, and digital tools for tracking
should be focus on uptake among race/ethnic minorities. |
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Structure-Altering Mutations of the SARS-CoV-2 Frame
Shifting RNA Element |
Schlick, Tamar, Zhu, et al |
bioRxiv |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
In this work, we apply our graph-theory-based framework for representing RNA secondary structures, "RAG" (RNA-As Graphs),
to alter key structural features of the FSE of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Specifically, using RAG machinery of genetic algorithms for inverse folding adapted for RNA structures with pseudoknots, we computationally predict minimal mutations that destroy a structurally-important
stem and/or the pseudoknot of the FSE, potentially dismantling the virus against translation of the polyproteins. Additionally, our microsecond molecular dynamics simulations of mutant structures indicate relatively stable secondary structures. |
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Schöllhorn, Anna, Schuhmacher, et al |
Research Square prepub |
Immunology | Immunologie |
Here, we describe a modified protocol of an assay for sensitive detection of functional antigen-specific CD4+ T cells
using a monoclonal antibody (clone m24) specific for the open, high affinity conformation of the beta2-integrin. Our novel assay allows very sensitive and simultaneous screening of both CD4+ and CD8+ T cell reactivities with versatile applicability in clinical
and vaccination studies, and for epitope discovery. |
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Prognostic Value of Elevated Cardiac Troponin I in Hospitalized Covid-19 Patients |
Shah, P, Doshi, et al |
Am J Cardiol |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
This case-series aimed to determine if cardiac troponin I (cTnI) is an independent predictor of clinical outcomes and
whether higher values are associated with worse clinical outcomes in Covid-19 patients admitted to the Pheobe Putney Health System between March 2 - June 7, 2020. Out of 309 patients, 116 (37.5%) had elevated cTnI. Those with elevated cTnI were older, and
more likely to be males. After multivariable adjustment, overall mortality was significantly higher in elevated cTnI group. Baseline comorbidities and need for intubation, dialysis, and intensive care unit (ICU) transfer was higher in elevated cTnI group. |
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PMC7453762; Decline in stroke alerts and hospitalisations during the COVID-19 pandemic |
Sharma, M, Lioutas, et al |
Stroke Vasc Neurol |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
We investigated a decline in admissions for stroke and transient ischaemic attack (TIA) and emergency department (ED)
stroke alert activations at five US tertiary academic comprehensive stroke centres during the COVID-19 pandemic. Compared with 31 December 2018 to 21 April 2019, a decline in stroke/TIA admissions and ED stroke alerts occurred during 30 December 2019 to 19
April 2020 (p trend <0.001 for each). The greatest decline in hospital admissions was observed between 23 March and 19 April 2020, with a 31% decline compared with the corresponding weeks in 2019. Median baseline stroke severity during these 4 weeks was 10
in 2020 and 7 in 2019. There was no difference in time from symptom onset to hospital arrival. |
|
Shekhar, R, Barton, et al |
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Here, we present a case series of 5 patients who were seen at our tertiary care Academic Institute with HIV and Corona
Virus 2019 infection (COVID-19). Two patients had thromboembolic events. One patient developed acute kidney injury requiring continuous renal replacement therapy, who recovered and was not requiring it on discharge. The other 2 patients were seen in an outpatient
setting and were not hypoxemic, they were managed at home with self-isolation and symptomatic management. |
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Anxiety, Depression and Functional impairment during the COVID-19 Pandemic
among Health Care Workers |
Shrestha, Rajan, Khatri, et al |
Research Square prepub |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
This study aimed to determine the burden of stress anxiety and depression among all employees of Eye and ENT hospitals.
Anxiety and depression during COVID-19 pandemic lockdown were highly prevalent both in clinical and non-clinical employees, causing mild to moderate functional impairment. |
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Sinha, P, Calfee, et al |
Lancet Respir Med |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
In acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) unrelated to COVID-19, two phenotypes, based on the severity of systemic
inflammation (hyperinflammatory and hypoinflammatory), have been described. In this prospective observational study at two UK intensive care units, we aimed to identify these phenotypes in COVID-19-related ARDS. In this exploratory analysis of 39 patients,
ARDS due to COVID-19 was not associated with higher systemic inflammation and was associated with a lower prevalence of the hyperinflammatory phenotype than that observed in historical ARDS data. This finding suggests that the excess mortality observed in
COVID-19-related ARDS is unlikely to be due to the upregulation of inflammatory pathways described by the parsimonious model. |
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Sisto, A, Vicinanza, et al |
Eat Weight Disord |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
This cross-sectional study investigates the psychological impact of the current pandemic in patients participating
in a bariatric surgery program in Italy. The pandemic led to increased psychological distress in patients with a current or past history of obesity, reducing quality of life and affecting dietary compliance. |
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Skrzypczak, NG, Tanikella, et al |
HardwareX |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
3-D printing materials required for high-temperature heat sterilizable components for COVID-19 and other applications
demands 3-D printers with heated beds, hot ends that can reach higher temperatures than polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) hot ends and heated chambers to avoid part warping and delamination. The Cerberus - an open source three-headed self-replicating rapid prototyper
(RepRap) was designed and tested. The Cereberus successfully prints polyetherketoneketone and polyetherimide with tensile strengths of 77.5 and 80.5 MPa, respectively. As a case study, open source face masks were 3-D printed and shown not to warp upon widely
home-accessible oven-based sterilization. |
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The global landscape of SARS-CoV-2 genomes, variants,
and haplotypes in 2019nCoVR |
Song, Shuhui, Ma, et al |
bioRxiv |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
On 22 January 2020, the China National Center for Bioinformation (CNCB) / National Genomics Data Center (NGDC) created
the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Resource (2019nCoVR, https://bigd.big.ac.cn/ncov/), an open-accessed SARS-CoV-2 information resource. To facilitate public free access to all genome assemblies and help worldwide researchers better understand the variation and transmission
of SARS-CoV-2, we perform daily updates for 2019nCoVR by integrating all available genomes throughout the world and conducting value-added curation and analysis. This study reports the the global landscape of SARS-CoV-2 genomes, variants, and haplotypes in
2019nCoVR |
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Donor-derived cell free DNA in a heart transplant patient with COVID-19 |
Sperry, BW, Khumri, et al |
Clin Transplant |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) appears to be high-risk in patients with cardiovascular disease as well as those
on immunosuppressive agents in the setting of organ transplantation. Patients with COVID-19 have been shown to develop acute myocarditis, characterized by either viral or immune-mediated cardiac injury. We present a case of a heart transplant recipient who
developed COVID-19 and subsequent results of gene expression profiling and donor-derived cell free DNA. |
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Design of 3D-Printed Nasopharyngeal Swabs for Children is Enabled by Radiologic Imaging |
Starosolski, Z, Admane, et al |
AJNR Am J Neuroradiol |
Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes |
3D-printed nasopharyngeal swabs for COVID-19 molecular diagnostic testing address the national shortage of swabs. Swab
designs for adult use were placed in the public domain in March 2020. Swabs for pediatric use, however, need to be smaller and more flexible to navigate delicate pediatric nasopharyngeal cavities. We describe a novel use of maxillofacial CT scans to aid in
the design of pediatric nasopharyngeal swabs. |
|
Sterling, RK, Oakes, et al |
J Infect Dis |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
The fibrosis-4 index (FIB-4), developed to predict fibrosis in liver disease, was used to identify patients with COVID-19
who will require ventilator support as well as associated with 30-day mortality. Multivariate analysis found obesity (OR 4.5), diabetes (OR 2.55), and FIB-4 ≥ 2.67 (OR 3.09) independently associated with need for mechanical ventilation. When controlling for
ventilator use, gender, and comorbid conditions, FIB-4 ≥ 2.67 was also associated with increased 30-day mortality (OR 8.4; 95% CI 2.23-31.7). While it may not be measuring hepatic fibrosis, its components suggest that increases in FIB-4 may be reflecting systemic
inflammation associated with poor outcomes. |
|
|
St-Germain, Jonathan, Astori, et al |
bioRxiv |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
To learn more about SARS-CoV-2 - host protein interactions that take place at membranes, we utilized a complementary
technique, proximity-dependent biotin labeling (BioID). This approach uncovered a virus-host topology network comprising 3566 proximity interactions amongst 1010 host proteins, highlighting extensive virus protein crosstalk with proteins, vesicles, organelles,
and trafficking pathways. We also conducted a mass spectrometry-based characterization of the SARS-CoV-2 virion and infected cell lysates, identifying 189 unique high-confidence virus tryptic peptides derived from 17 different virus proteins, to create a high
quality resource for use in targeted proteomics approaches. |
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Strauss, AT, Cartier, et al |
Am J Transplant |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
To understand potential pandemic-related disruptions in the transportation network of kidneys across the United States,
we used national flight data to compare scheduled flights during the pandemic versus 1-year earlier, focusing on organ procurement organization (OPO) pairs between which kidneys historically most likely traveled by direct flight (High-Volume by direct Air
transport OPO Pairs, HVA-OPs). Specific to the kidney transportation network, there were 65.1% fewer flights between HVA-OPs, with considerable OPO-level variation (IQR 54.7%-75.3%). This translated to a drop in median number of flights between HVA-OPs from
112 flights/week in April 2019 to 34 in April 2020, and a rise in wait time between scheduled flights from 1.5 hours in April 2019 to 4.9 hours in April 2020. |
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Olfactory Bulb Signal Abnormality in Patients with COVID-19 Who Present with Neurologic
Symptoms |
Strauss, SB, Lantos, et al |
AJNR Am J Neuroradiol |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
The purpose of this retrospective case-control study was to determine if there is imaging evidence of olfactory apparatus
pathology in patients with COVID-19 and neurologic symptoms. There was a significant difference in normalized olfactory bulb T2 FLAIR signal intensity between the patients with COVID-19 and the controls with anosmia (P = .003). Four of 12 patients with COVID-19
demonstrated intraneural T2 signal hyperintensity on postcontrast 3D T2 FLAIR compared with none of the 12 patients among the controls with anosmia (P = .028). |
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Effect of delayed obstetric labor care during the COVID-19 pandemic on perinatal outcomes |
Sun, SY, Guazzelli, et al |
Int J Gynaecol Obstet |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
We conducted a comparative cohort study between March 11-June 11, 2019 and March 11-June 11, 2020 in order to evaluate
whether the quarantine period led to pregnant women with spontaneous labor arriving at our hospital in a more advanced phase of labor. In 2019 there were 143 deliveries during the period of study, 41 of which were initiated by spontaneous labor. By contrast,
during the same period in 2020, there were 122 deliveries and 40 patients arrived at the hospital in labor. Delivery within 3 hours of hospital admission occurred in 26.8% (11/41) and 40% (16/40) of cases in 2019 and 2020, respectively. |
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PMC7198423; Chloroquine-induced torsades de pointes in a patient with coronavirus
disease 2019 |
Szekely, Y, Lichter, et al |
Heart Rhythm |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We report a case of drug-induced torsades de pointes (TdP) due to chloroquine therapy for COVID-19. An 84-year-old
woman with COVID-19 was admitted to a designated ward and chloroquine therapy was initiated. After 5 days on this therapy, she had major QT prolongation and recurrent TdP. Chloroquine was discontinued, and other known or suspected QT-prolonging medications
as well as nonessential medications were withheld. Subsequent ECGs showed gradual normalization of her QT interval. She was discharged 2 weeks later. |
|
Takahashi, S, Greenhouse, et al |
J Infect Dis |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection
d'agents pathogènes Immunology | Immunologie |
Biased seroprevalence estimates can result from using serological assays optimized using validation sets that do not
represent disease spectrum in the general population. Correct interpretation of SARS-CoV-2 serosurveys requires quantifying how assay sensitivity varies with disease severity and over time. To illustrate this point, we quantified the amount of bias in estimating
population seroprevalence potentially introduced by the choice of positive controls used to evaluate assay sensitivity. We evaluated the impact of: (a) using validation sets with different proportions of severe, mild, and asymptomatic infections, and (b) using
validation sets with samples from recent infections only. Assays with imperfect sensitivity lead to underestimates of the true seroprevalence, but can be easily corrected for if the actual sensitivity of the assay in the sampled population is known. |
|
|
Compositional Variability and Mutation Spectra of Monophyletic
SARS-CoV-2 Clades |
Teng, Xufei, Li, et al |
bioRxiv |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
Here, we describe an analysis procedure where genome composition and its variables are related, through the genetic
code, to molecular mechanisms based on understanding of RNA replication and its feedback loop from mutation to viral proteome sequence fraternity including effective sites on replicase-transcriptase complex. Our analysis starts with primary sequence information
and identity-based phylogeny based on 22,051 SARS-CoV-2 genome sequences and evaluation of sequence variation patterns as mutation spectrum and its 12 permutations among organized clades tailored to two key mechanisms: strand-biased and function-associated
mutations. |
|
Thillai, M, Patvardhan, et al |
Thorax |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
An increasing observation is that some patients with COVID-19 have normal lung compliance but significant hypoxaemia
different from typical acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We hypothesised that changes in pulmonary blood distribution may be partially responsible and used functional respiratory imaging on CT scans to calculate pulmonary blood volume. We found that
patients with COVID-19 had significantly reduced blood volume in the smaller calibre blood vessels (here defined as <5 mm(2) cross-sectional area) compared with matched ARDS patients and healthy controls. This suggests that using high levels of PEEP may not
alone be enough to oxygenate these patients and that additional management strategies may be needed. |
|
|
Tietze, Ethan, Barbosa, et al |
bioRxiv |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie |
Here we identify conditions that efficiently drive the specification of primed induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)
to trophectoderm, named Trophoblast Stem Cell (TSC). To evaluate the potential tropism of SARS-CoV-2 in iPS-derived TS cells, we profiled SARS517 CoV-2 and coronavirus associated factors. Single-cell analysis of human trophoblast stem cell specification reveals
activation of fetal cytotrophoblast expression programs including COVID-19 associated host factors. |
|
|
Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Children and Their Parents
in Southwest Germany |
Toenshoff, Burkhard, Müller, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Immunology | Immunologie |
The objective of this large-scale multicentre cross-sectional investigation is to study the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2
infection in children and their parents in southwest Germany. Between April 22nd and May 15th, 2020, we enrolled 4964 subjects, 2482 children and 2482 corresponding parents. 0.04% tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA. The estimated SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence
was low in parents (1.8%) and 3-fold lower in children (0.6%). We observed virus-neutralizing activity for 66 of 70 IgG-positive sera (94.3%). Accordingly, it is unlikely that children have boosted the pandemic. |
|
Torres, JP, Izquierdo, et al |
Int J Infect Dis |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
The objective of this observational study was to describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of hospitalized
children with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) in Santiago, Chile. 27 patients were admitted, of which a recent SARS-CoV-2 infection was detected in 22 cases (82%). MIS-C appeared in clusters weeks after the peak of SARS-CoV-2 cases, especially
in Santiago's most vulnerable areas. |
|
|
Toussaint, LL, Cheadle, et al |
Ann Behav Med |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
The purpose of this study was to develop the Clean and Contain Measure, a brief measure of compliance with CDC recommendations
for prevention of infectious disease, and validate the measure in individuals experiencing the COVID-19 pandemic. Our measure is a reliable and valid indicator of compliance with cleaning and containing health behaviors that help to prevent the spread of diseases
like COVID-19. |
|
|
Trujillo, H, Caravaca-Fontán, et al |
Clin Transplant |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Herein, we describe the clinical course and outcome of 10 kidney transplant patients with severe Covid-19 that were
treated with tocilizumab (TCZ). During a median follow-up of 16 days (IQR 10-29), 7 patients (70%) gradually improved and were finally discharged while 3 cases (30%) did not exhibited clinical improvement and ultimately died. |
|
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PMC7434390; A new model for the spread of COVID-19 and the improvement of safety |
Varotsos, CA, Krapivin, et al |
Saf Sci |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health
interventions*| Interventions de santé publique |
We aimed to develop a more effective method for diagnosing and predicting the COVID-19 spread and to evaluate the effectiveness
of control measures to reduce and stop the virus spread. To this end, the COVID-19 Decision-Making System (CDMS) was developed to study disease transmission. |
|
Deep_Saliency: A Deep Learning based Saliency Approach to detect Covid-19
through x-ray images |
Verma, Praveen, Negi Dr, et al |
Research Square prepub |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection
d'agents pathogènes |
Present paper proposes a saliency-based model called Deep_Saliency. The model works on chest x-rays of healthy, unhealthy,
and covid-19 patients. |
|
Impact of Social Isolation Strategies Due to COVID-19 on Mental
Health and Quality of Life in Brazil |
Vitorino, Luciano Magalhães, Júnior, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
In this cross-sectional community-based online survey, data from 1,156 Brazilian volunteers were gathered between May
11 and June 3, 2020. There was a high prevalence of depressive symptoms (41.9%) and anxiety disorder (29.0%). Negative spiritual/religious coping was positively correlated with depressive symptoms (OR, 2.14; 95%CI, 1.63-2.80; p<0.001) and anxiety (OR, 2.46;
95%CI, 1.90-3.18; p<0.001), and associated with worse social and environmental QoL (p<0.001). |
|
Vyasarayani, CP, Chatterjee, et al |
Physica D |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Public health interventions*| Interventions
de santé publique |
A time delayed SEIQR model is specialized to the case of a fast pandemic. Full progression from initial infection to
saturation is studied in depth. Multiple scales and long-wave approximations are presented. Low-dimensional dynamics is noted for both constant and time-varying infectivity. Temporary social distancing significantly reduces the total numbers affected. |
|
|
Wagatsuma, K, Phyu, et al |
Jpn J Infect Dis |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique |
The number of COVID-19 cases in Japan in the early stage was not uniform and were largely concentrated in several prefectures.
Higher number of COVID-19 cases were found in prefectures with more Chinese travelers, supporting the importance of enforcing policies to restrict entry of overseas travelers to control COVID-19 spread. These findings highlight the risk of secondary transmission
in the community caused by apparent or silent imported cases. |
|
|
Wagner, WL, Hellbach, et al |
Radiologe |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Radiological and pathological correlation as well as microradiological imaging to investigate microvascular involvement
in fatal COVID-19. The cases of two COVID-19 patients are presented. |
|
|
Atypical manifestations of COVID-19 in general practice: a case of gastrointestinal
symptoms |
Wahab, SF, Løgstrup, et al |
BMJ Case Rep |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
Reporting a case of a man in his late 70s showing atypical symptoms in general practice is presented. Apart from fever,
the patient complained of diarrhoea, borborygmus, loss of appetite and nausea. He developed no respiratory symptoms during his disease. |
|
Wang, Dongsheng, Fu, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Therapeutics| Thérapeutique RCT |
This was a randomized, controlled, open-label, multicenter trial at 6 hospitals in Anhui and Hubei. Patients were randomly
assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive either tocilizumab in addition to standard care, or standard care alone. Tocilizumab treatment did not increase the cure rate of COVID-19. A large scale of study enrolling more patients is needed. |
|
|
Wang, Q, Lu, et al |
Appl Energy |
Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique Public Health response|
Interventions de santé publique Economics | Économie |
Coronavirus has confined human activities, which caused significant reductions in coal, oil, and natural gas consumptions
in China since January of 2020. We compile industrial, transport, and construction data to estimate the reductions in energy-related CO(2) emissions during the first quarter of 2020 in China. Our results show that the fossil fuel related CO(2) emissions decreased
by 18.7% (182 MtCO(2)) in the first quarter of 2020 compared with the same period last year, including reductions of 12.2% (92 MtCO(2)) in industry sectors, 61.9% (62 MtCO(2)) in transport, and 23.9% (28 MtCO(2)) in construction. The figure in annual CO(2)
emission reductions is expected to limit with an estimate of 1.6%. However, to achieve the economic target for the 13th Five-Year-Plan, stimulus packages including investments in "shovel-ready" infrastructure projects issued by China's central and local governments
to response the COVID-19 may increase CO(2) emissions with a higher speed in the coming years. Thus, sustainable stimulus packages are needed for accelerating China's climate goals. |
|
|
Wang, S, Zhang, et al |
Eur Psychiatry |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
Participants’ characteristics and experiences of the COVID-19 isolation in China were obtained by an online questionnaire
and telephone review. A total of 23,500 participants were recruited, and 19,372 valid questionnaires were received from 11 centers. Overall, 11.0–13.3% of the participants had anxiety, depression, or insomnia symptoms, and 1.9–2.7% had severe symptoms. |
|
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A Transferable Deep Learning Approach to Fast Screen
Potent Antiviral Drugs against SARS-CoV-2 |
Wang, Shiwei, Sun, et al |
bioRxiv |
Coronavirology| Coronavirologie Therapeutics| Thérapeutique |
We used directed message passing neural network to first build a broad-spectrum anti-beta-coronavirus compound prediction
model, which gave satisfactory predictions on newly reported active compounds against SARS-CoV-2. As a proof-of-concept, we experimentally tested 7 high-scored compounds that also demonstrated good binding strength in docking study against the 3C-like protease
of SARS-CoV-2 and found one novel compound that inhibited the enzyme with an IC50 of 37.0 μM. |
|
Wang, W, Zhao, et al |
J Clin Lab Anal |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We investigate the clinical features and risk factors for discerning the critical and predicting the outcome of patients
with COVID‐19, admitted to ICU in a Wuhan hospital in February and March, 2020. The potential risk factors of lower lymphocyte count, high levels of NLR, PLR, IL‐6, CRP, chest CT score, and the statue of nutrient requirement or electrolyte imbalance could
assist clinicians in discerning critical cases and predict the poor outcome in patients with COVID‐19. |
|
|
Webb, GwilymJ, Marjot, et al |
The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
In this multicentre cohort study, we collected data on patients with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, who
were older than 18 years, who had previously received a liver transplant. Liver transplantation was not independently associated with death, whereas increased age and presence of comorbidities were. |
|
|
Weiss, S, Klingler, et al |
J Infect Dis |
Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes |
A Luminex binding assay was developed and used to assess simultaneously the presence of COVID-19-specific antibodies
in human serum and plasma. Clear differentiation was achieved between specimens from infected and uninfected subjects. There was a highly statistically significant difference between the antibody levels COVID-19-infected and -uninfected specimens (p<0.0001).
This high through-put antibody assay is accurate, requires only 2.5 hours, and uses 5 nanograms of antigen per test. |
|
|
Evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 serology assays reveals a range of test performance |
Whitman, JD, Hiatt, et al |
Nat Biotechnol |
Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes |
We conducted a head-to-head evaluation of ten point-of-care-style lateral flow assays (LFAs) and two laboratory-based
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays to detect anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG antibodies in 5-d time intervals from symptom onset and studied the specificity of each assay in pre-coronavirus disease 2019 specimens. Our results underline the importance of seropositivity
threshold determination and reader training for reliable LFA deployment. Although there was no standout serological assay, four tests achieved more than 80% positivity at later time points tested and more than 95% specificity. |
|
Saliva or Nasopharyngeal Swab Specimens for Detection of SARS-CoV-2 |
Wyllie, AL, Fournier, et al |
N Engl J Med |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen detection| Diagnostics / Détection
d'agents pathogènes |
After Covid-19 was confirmed with a positive nasopharyngeal swab specimen at hospital admission, we obtained additional
samples from the patients during hospitalization. We tested saliva specimens collected by the patients themselves and nasopharyngeal swabs collected from the patients at the same time point by health care workers. We detected more SARS-CoV-2 RNA copies in
the saliva specimens than in the nasopharyngeal swab specimens. In addition, a higher percentage of saliva samples than nasopharyngeal swab samples were positive up to 10 days after the Covid-19 diagnosis. |
|
Xia, J, Feng, et al |
BMC Infect Dis |
Clinical data| Données cliniques Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
Based on observations of some mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients with severe ARDS gradually increasing CO2 retention,
we used a metabolic module on a General Electric R860 ventilator to monitor parameters related to gas metabolism, lung mechanics and physiological dead space in two COVID-19 patients. We found that remarkably decreased ventilatory efficiency and hypermetabolism. |
|
|
Yamamoto, K, Saito, et al |
Jpn J Infect Dis |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We evaluated the practice of repeat RT-PCR testing for SARS-CoV-2 in 45 patients who retested after an initial negative
PCR test. Of these, the diagnosis of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was confirmed in four patients with typical chest computed tomography (CT) findings, and one patient without typical CT findings in whom the test result was strongly suspected to be false
positive. We recommend repeat RT-PCR only for patients with typical CT findings of COVID-19. |
|
|
Yan, Y, Li, et al |
Build Environ |
Transmission Public health interventions*| Interventions de santé publique |
Transient simulations were conducted in a three-row Boeing 737 cabin section, while respiratory contaminants (2 μm–1000
μm) were released by different passengers with and without coughing and were tracked by the Lagrangian approach. Outcomes revealed significant influences of cough-jets on passengers' local airflow field by breaking up the ascending passenger thermal plumes
and inducing several local airflow recirculation in the front of passengers. |
|
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PMC7453671; Elevated carcinoembryonic antigen in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia |
Yang, C, Wang, et al |
J Cancer Res Clin Oncol |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Diagnostics / Pathogen
detection| Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes |
We retrospectively analyzed 177 patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection who received plasma CEA assays during
hospitalization. We found SARS-CoV-2 infection might be another cause of CEA elevation, with nearly 20% of patients experienced transient and marked CEA increment during COVID-19 pneumonia. The false-positive results of CEA elevation might have clinical significance
for patients with colorectal cancer. |
|
YeŞİlkanat, CM |
Chaos Solitons Fractals |
Modelling/ prediction| Modélisation/prédiction Epidemiology| Épidémiologie |
In this study, the performance of the Random Forest (RF) machine learning algorithm was investigated in estimating
the near future case numbers for 190 countries in the world and it is mapped in comparison with actual confirmed cases results. Random forest performed well in estimating the number of cases in the near future. |
|
|
Yildiz, F, Oksuzoglu, et al |
Future Oncol |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
This study is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted with cancer patients who were interviewed via telemedicine
from a tertiary care comprehensive oncology center. This study showed that telemedicine could open a new era for medical oncology specialists. |
|
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Yoshioka, Takafusa, Koganemaru, et al |
Research Square prepub |
Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We report two cases of severe SARS-CoV-2 infection successfully treated with venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
(VV-ECMO) and continuous hemodiafiltration (CHDF). |
|
|
Viral dynamics and immune correlates
of COVID-19 disease severity |
Young, BE, Ong, et al |
Clin Infect Dis |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques Immunology | Immunologie |
We evaluated these characteristics and established their association with clinical severity in a prospective observational
cohort study of 100 patients with PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. Viral culture from respiratory samples was positive for 19 of 74 patients (26%). No virus was isolated when the PCR cycle threshold (Ct) value was >30 or >14 days after symptom onset. Seroconversion
occurred at a median of 12.5 days (IQR 9-18) for IgM and 15.0 days (IQR 12-20) for IgG; 54/62 patients (87.1%) sampled at day 14 or later seroconverted. |
|
Yu, H, Li, et al |
BMC Psychiatry |
Public Health response| Interventions de santé publique |
We administered three questionnaires on-line to a convenience sample of the general population from different regions
of mainland China from February 1 to February 4, 2020. Of 1607 respondents, 1588 returned valid questionnaires and were included in the analysis. Nearly one quarter (22.8%) had high levels of psychological distress. |
|
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Thromboelastography Profiles
of Critically Ill Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 |
Yuriditsky, E, Horowitz, et al |
Crit Care Med |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We reviewed thromboelastography studies in critically ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019 to characterize their
coagulation states. A large proportion of critically ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019 have hypercoagulable thromboelastography profiles with additional derangements related to fibrinogen and platelet function. |
|
Zeng, Z, Yu, et al |
Crit Care |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
In this retrospective study, baseline characteristics, laboratory findings, and treatments were compared among 317
laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients with moderate, severe, or critically ill form of the disease. Exuberant inflammatory responses within 24 h of admission in patients with COVID-19 may correlate with disease severity. SARS-CoV-2 infection appears to elicit
a sex-based differential immune response. |
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Differentiation of COVID-19 from seasonal influenza: a multicenter comparative study |
Zhang, J, Ding, et al |
J Med Virol |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Clinical data| Données cliniques |
We reported 211 COVID‐19 patients and 115 influenza patients as two separate cohorts at different locations within
China. Differentiable clinical manifestations and CT patterns may help diagnose COVID‐19 from influenza and gain a better understanding of both contagious respiratory illnesses. |
|
Zhang, S, Zhu, et al |
Trials |
RCT |
This is a parallel-design, two-arm, analyst assessor-blinded, randomized controlled trial. A total of 128 patients
with COVID-19 aged from 20 to 80 years will be recruited and assigned randomly into a guideline therapy group and a guideline therapy plus TCMR group at a 1:1 ratio. This trial will provide high-quality evidence of the value of TCMR, which consists of acupressure
therapy and Liu Zi Jue Qigong exercises, for treating patients with severe COVID-19. |
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Role of presymptomatic transmission of COVID-19: evidence from Beijing, China |
Zhang, Y, Muscatello, et al |
J Epidemiol Community Health |
Epidemiology| Épidémiologie Transmission Clinical data| Données cliniques Public health
interventions*| Interventions de santé publique |
We used data from meticulous contact tracing of people exposed to cases of SARS-CoV-2 to estimate the proportion of
cases that result from the presymptomatic transmission of the virus in Beijing during January 2020 and February 2020. The results showed that presymptomatic transmission occurred in at least 15% of 100 secondary COVID-19 cases. The finding suggested that the
contact tracing period should be earlier and highlighted the importance of preventing transmission opportunities well before the onset of symptoms. |
|
Zhang, Z, Xi, et al |
J Atheroscler Thromb |
Healthcare Response | Réponse des soins de santé |
We used an online platform to conduct a cross-sectional questionnaire survey among doctors in mainland China in March
2020. The questionnaire was designed to figure out the clinician's current awareness of VTE prevention and detection rates, as well as the current status of VTE prophylaxis in patients with COVID-19. We collected 1,636 replies, of which 1,579 were valid. Among
these, 991 (63%) clinicians were involved directly in frontline treatment. Most of the clinicians (1,492, or 94%) thought it was necessary to assess the VTE risk in patients with COVID-19. However, only 234 (24%) clinicians performed appropriate assessment
during the COVID-19 outbreak. Although most clinicians recommended prescribing VTE prophylaxis to patients with COVID-19, the practice still needs to be improved. |
|
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Zhu, J, Xu, et al |
Arch Virol |
Immunology | Immunologie Animal model | Modèle animal |
Various strains of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) cause different forms of infectious bronchitis with different
clinical signs. Here, primary chicken embryo kidney (CEK) cells and specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chickens were infected with three pathogenic IBV strains, and it was observed that the TLR7-MYD88 pathway was inhibited but the TLR3-TIRF pathway was activated.
After treatment with poly(I:C)-LMW, poly (I:C)-LMW/LyoVec, and Imiquimod, the replication of IBV was significantly suppressed after 24 h. However, treatment with TLR3 pathway inhibitors such as Pepinh-TRIF, celastrol, chloroquine, and BX795 resulted in increased
replication of IBV after 36 h. These results also showed that chloroquine and celastrol were most effective inhibitors of the antiviral response at 48 hpi. |
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Aktar, Sakifa, Talukder, et al |
arXiv |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
MA: Our meta-analysis identified chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cerebrovascular disease (CEVD), cardiovascular
disease (CVD), type 2 diabetes, malignancy, and hypertension as most significantly associated with COVID-19 severity in the current published literature.
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Amaefule, CE, Sasitharan, et al |
Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
SR-MA: HbA1c is more useful as a specific test at a cut-off of 5.7% (39 mmol/mol) with a false positive rate of 10%,
but should be supplemented by a more sensitive test to detect women with GDM. |
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Anikhindi, SA, Kumar, et al |
Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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PMC7261471; Presenting symptoms of COVID-19 in children: a meta-analysis of published
studies |
Assaker, R, Colas, et al |
Br J Anaesth |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
MA: Literature searches included PubMed and Embase. In conclusion, our meta-analysis sheds light on (i) the absence
of specificity regarding COVID-19 symptoms in children and (ii) the relatively high proportion of asymptomatic patients. |
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Cavalcanti, IDL, de Fátima Ramos Dos Santos Medeiros, et al |
Curr Drug Deliv |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 through breast milk and breastfeeding: a living systematic review |
Centeno-Tablante, E, Medina-Rivera, et al |
Ann N Y Acad Sci |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
SR: Our search retrieved 19,414 total records; 605 were considered for full-text eligibility and no ongoing trials
were identified. Currently, there is no evidence of SARS-CoV-2 transmission through breast milk. |
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Chen, AT, Ryskina, et al |
J Am Med Dir Assoc |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
|
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Collins, PM, Madden, et al |
Ir J Med Sci |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Dahine, J, Hébert, et al |
Crit Care Med |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
SR: PubMed, Embase, Medline, EBM Reviews, and CINAHL Complete databases. Gray literature searches and a manual review
of references were also performed. |
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Clinical Features and Outcome of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Neonates: A Systematic Review |
Dhir, SK, Kumar, et al |
J Trop Pediatr |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
SR: comprehensive literature search using PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science until 9 June 2020. The limited low-quality
evidence suggests that the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infections in neonates is extremely low. Unlike children, most COVID-positive neonates were symptomatic and required intensive care. |
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Ferguson, C, Fletcher, et al |
Aust Health Rev |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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What we have to know about corticosteroids use during Sars-Cov-2 infection |
Ferraù, F, Ceccato, et al |
J Endocrinol Invest |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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PMC7362025; Debate: Mentalising remotely - The AFNCCF's adaptations to the coronavirus
crisis |
Fonagy, P, Campbell, et al |
Child Adolesc Ment Health |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Freitas, BT, Scholte, et al |
Virus Res |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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García-Pérez, A |
Rev Neurol |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Respiratory viral sepsis: epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment |
Gu, X, Zhou, et al |
Eur Respir Rev |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Artificial intelligence for diabetic retinopathy screening, prediction and management |
Gunasekeran, DV, Ting, et al |
Curr Opin Ophthalmol |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Hanff, TC, Mohareb, et al |
Am J Hematol |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Heissig, B, Salama, et al |
Cell Signal |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Hunter, J, Arentz, et al |
Integr Med Res |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Jankelson, L, Karam, et al |
Heart Rhythm |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
SR: searched on MEDLINE and Embase, as well as in the gray literature up to April 17, 2020. We found evidence of ventricular
arrhythmia in 2 COVID-19 patients from a group of 28 treated with high-dose chloroquine.
|
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Jung, K, Saif, et al |
Virus Res |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Kim, KD, Hwang, et al |
J Microbiol Biotechnol |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Kurdi, Amanj, Abutheraa, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
SR-MA: conducted in Medline (OVID), Embase, Scopus, Cochrane library and medRxiv from inception-22 nd May 2020. :
Mixed-quality evidence exist for the effect of ACEIs/ARBs on some COVID-19 related-clinical outcomes. For the first time, we provided evidence on the inter-class differences between ACEIs and ARBs for some of the studied clinical outcomes. |
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Kwok, S, Adam, et al |
Clin Obes |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Early coagulation tests predict risk stratification and prognosis of COVID-19 |
Luo, L, Xu, et al |
Aging (Albany NY) |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
SR-MA: PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Scopus were searched electronically for relevant research studies
published up to March 24, 2020. Meta-analyses revealed that platelet count was not statistically related to disease severity and composite endpoint; elevated D-dimer correlated positively with disease severity. Similarly, patients with prolonged prothrombin
time (PT) had an increased risk of ICU and increased risk of death. Besides, increased fibrin degradation products (FDP) and decreased antithrombin might also mean the disease is worsening. |
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The past, present and future of RNA respiratory viruses: Influenza and coronaviruses |
Makarov, V, Riabova, et al |
Pathog Dis |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Ohrling, M, Øvretveit, et al |
Int J Health Plann Manage |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
ScR: Decentralisation can create conditions that support innovation and improvement locally to develop primary and
community care. Managers and policy makers can use an appropriate decentralisation strategy to address challenges in workforce retention and recruitment, rising care demands and expectations of patients.
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Pattnaik, GP, Chakraborty, et al |
J Membr Biol |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
|
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Qian, X, Wodnicki, et al |
IEEE Trans Ultrason Ferroelectr Freq Control |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
|
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Quinn, LM, Davies, et al |
J Med Internet Res |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Quirke, E, König, et al |
Z Gerontol Geriatr |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Sagnelli, C, Celia, et al |
J Med Virol |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Shamekhi Amiri, Fateme |
Research Square prepub |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
SR-MA: The aim of this systematic review is to investigate the association between covid-19 infection and kidney dysfunction.
The present study revealed medium effect size of elevated IL-6 on decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate. |
|
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Bluetooth-based COVID-19 Proximity Tracing Proposals: An Overview |
Shen, Meng, Wei, et al |
arXiv |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
|
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Vitamin D and Covid-19: From potential therapeutic effects to unanswered questions |
Teymoori-Rad, M, Marashi, et al |
Rev Med Virol |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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PMC7328601; Anosmia: A review in the context of coronavirus disease 2019 and orofacial
pain |
Thomas, DC, Baddireddy, et al |
J Am Dent Assoc |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
|
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Udomsinprasert, Wanvisa, Jittikoon, et al |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
SR-MA: search in electronic databases consisting of PubMed, Scopus, as well as Cochrane Library and in a hand searching
of reference lists from inception to July 31, 2020. Circulating levels of IL-6 and IL-10 might have great potential as biomarkers for the disease severity and predictors of mortality in COVID-19 patients. |
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|
Uncini, A, Vallat, et al |
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
SR- A systematic review from 1 January to 30 June 2020 revealed 42 patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) associated
with SARS-CoV-2 infection. |
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A rapid review of pandemic-related behaviours and psychological outcomes |
Usher, K, Jackson, et al |
Int J Ment Health Nurs |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
RR: search was conducted from January 2010-April 2020 using ProQuest, Web of Science, PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, Scopus,
SAGE Journals and CINAHL. The review showed that even though there is limited evidence regarding pandemic-related behaviours and psychological outcomes, the current findings showed that the psychological outcomes significantly impacted on the adoption of the
pandemic-related behaviours. |
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Risk factors for Covid-19 severity and fatality: a structured literature review |
Wolff, D, Nee, et al |
Infection |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
|
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[Advance on the infectivity of Coronavirus 2019 infection at different
stages] |
Yang, XK, Li, et al |
Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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Zhu, Z, Lian, et al |
Respir Res |
Review Literature| Revue de littérature |
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COVID-19 pandemic and adolescent health and well-being in sub-Saharan Africa: Who cares? |
Addae, EA |
Int J Health Plann Manage |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Factors limiting the utility of bronchoalveolar lavage in the diagnosis of Covid-19 |
Aggarwal, D, Saini, et al |
Eur Respir J |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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The coronavirus stress: A reality check of India's mental health social agenda |
Agoramoorthy, G |
Int J Soc Psychiatry |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Ahmadi, A, Essar, et al |
Am J Trop Med Hyg |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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PMC7387275; Distance education as a response to pandemics: Coronavirus and Arab
culture |
Al Lily, AE, Ismail, et al |
Technol Soc |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Ali, Z, Ullah, et al |
Int J Cardiol Heart Vasc |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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Surveillance is underestimating the burden of the COVID-19 pandemic |
Alwan, NA |
Lancet |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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A commentary on "Impact of the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic on surgical practice
- Part 1" |
Amalendran, J, Chedid, et al |
Int J Surg |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
|
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PMC7453184; Asymptomatic Pediatric Covid-19 Presenting with Thrombocytopenia -
A Rare Finding |
Ambike, D, Bijarniya, et al |
Indian J Pediatr |
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Arulampalam, T, Bhangu, et al |
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Atala, A, Henn, et al |
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Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on child and adolescent mental health |
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Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Eur Heart J Qual Care Clin Outcomes |
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PMC7240263 interest; Coronavirus and quarantine: will we sacrifice our elderly
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Arch Gerontol Geriatr |
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Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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PMC7286637; The Long-Term Effects of COVID-19 on Dysphagia Evaluation and Treatment |
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Arch Phys Med Rehabil |
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Perfusion |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Lancet Infect Dis |
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The dynamic changes in cytokine responses in COVID-19: a snapshot of the current
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Nat Immunol |
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The impact of COVID-19 on food systems, safety, and security-a symposium report |
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Ann N Y Acad Sci |
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Misconceptions about weather and seasonality must not misguide COVID-19 response |
Carlson, CJ, Gomez, et al |
Nat Commun |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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[Coronavirus and the Mental Health Law: New Challenges, Old Problems] |
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Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Caulley, L, Corsten, et al |
Ann Intern Med |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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J Hosp Infect |
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Int J Health Plann Manage |
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Tocilizumab - A beacon of hope in the management of severe COVID-19? |
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J Med Virol |
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Ciprandi, G, Licari, et al |
Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol |
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Am J Psychiatry |
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J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth |
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Conzelmann, C, Müller, et al |
Clin Med (Lond) |
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The effective use of an e-dentistry service during the COVID-19 crisis |
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J Orthod |
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AORN finds innovative ways to support members during the COVID-19 pandemic |
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AORN J |
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Cusack, M, Tyler, et al |
Sci Total Environ |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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PMC7233400; Coronavirus Disease 2019 Deep Learning Models: Methodologic Considerations |
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Radiology |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Dashraath, P, Nielsen-Saines, et al |
Lancet |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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What COVID-19 can mean for people with hemophilia beyond the infection risk |
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Expert Rev Hematol |
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de Man, P, Paltansing, et al |
Clin Infect Dis |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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DeBiasi, RL, Delaney, et al |
JAMA Pediatr |
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Colchicine treatment in community healthcare setting to prevent severe COVID-19 |
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Ann Rheum Dis |
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Desai, D, Randeria, et al |
World Dev |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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PMC7266763; More information needed for patients with COVID-19 receiving spinal
anaesthesia |
Desciak, M, Deis, et al |
Br J Anaesth |
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A structured open dataset of government interventions in response to COVID-19 |
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Sci Data |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Ethics and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation during coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak |
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Perfusion |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Dixon, L, Coughlan, et al |
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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PMC7442915; COVID-19, aftermath, impacts, and hospitality firms: An international
perspective |
Duarte Alonso, A, Kok, et al |
Int J Hosp Manag |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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PMC7239783; Children of frontline coronavirus disease-2019 warriors: our observations |
Dubey, S, Dubey, et al |
J Pediatr |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Duncan, C, Macleod, et al |
Pract Neurol |
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Covid-19: Doctor accused of sparking Canadian outbreak faces charges |
Dyer, O |
BMJ |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Eapen, MS, Lu, et al |
Eur Respir J |
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Trends in Top Cancer Diagnosis and Challenges Related to COVID-19 Pandemic |
Ehrlich, H, Sen-Crowe, et al |
Am Surg |
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Einav, S, Ippolito, et al |
Br J Anaesth |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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COVID-19 in patients with IBD and pancreaticobiliary disorders |
El Ouali, S, Philpott, et al |
Cleve Clin J Med |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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El Ouali, S, Romero-Marrero, et al |
Cleve Clin J Med |
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Elshof, J, Hebbink, et al |
Eur Respir J |
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Inflammatory Bowel Diseases in Egypt During the COVID-19 Pandemic |
Eltabbakh, MM, Shamkh, et al |
Inflamm Bowel Dis |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Escobedo, AA, Rodríguez-Morales, et al |
Travel Med Infect Dis |
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Palliative care in advanced coronavirus disease in intensive care units |
Esmaeili Vardanjani, A, Rafiei, et al |
BMJ Support Palliat Care |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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A Telehealth Explosion: Using Lessons from the Pandemic to Shape
the Future of Telehealth Regulation |
Farringer, Deborah |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
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Feinman, JW, Al-Ghofaily, et al |
J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth |
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Feinman, JW, Roberts, et al |
J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth |
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COVID-19: Implications for Sudden Death in Parkinson's Disease |
Fiorini, AC, Fonseca, et al |
J Mov Disord |
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The Potential Impact of COVID-19 on H-2A Agricultural Workers |
Flocks, J |
J Agromedicine |
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Fox, MP, D'Agostino McGowan, et al |
Am J Epidemiol |
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Management of vascular surgical urgencies during COVID-19 pandemic |
Francesca, M, Giovanni, et al |
Ann Vasc Surg |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cuts ties with patients' outside world |
Freeman-Sanderson, A, Rose, et al |
Aust Crit Care |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Freitas, KMS, Cotrin, et al |
Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop |
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Eur J Clin Invest |
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ANZ J Surg |
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Gallizzi, R, Corsello, et al |
Ital J Pediatr |
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Galvin, R |
Energy Res Soc Sci |
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PMC7198426; Genetic susceptibility for COVID-19-associated sudden cardiac death
in African Americans |
Giudicessi, JR, Roden, et al |
Heart Rhythm |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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PMC7306736; Adaptation: An Interventional Radiology Residency Response to COVID-19 |
Goldman, D, Voutsinas, et al |
Acad Radiol |
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Goyder, C |
Br J Gen Pract |
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Greaves, M |
Pediatr Blood Cancer |
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Sentenced to life: what the Italian COVID-19 pandemic could teach us (if we were
willing to learn) |
Gulli, G |
Eur Geriatr Med |
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High-flow nasal oxygen: a safe, efficient treatment for COVID-19 patients not
in an ICU |
Guy, T, Créac'hcadec, et al |
Eur Respir J |
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Ha, DP, Van Krieken, et al |
J Infect |
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Bone Joint J |
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Halpern, B, Mancini, et al |
J Endocrinol Invest |
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The reimagination of school-based physical activity research in the COVID-19
era |
Harrington, DM, O'Reilly, et al |
PLoS Med |
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Hartmann, J, Klein, et al |
Transfusion |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Parental COVID-19 Testing of Hospitalized Children: Rethinking Infection Control in
a Pandemic |
Hassoun, A, Prasad, et al |
J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc |
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Heath, I |
Br J Gen Pract |
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Heflin, KJ, Gillett, et al |
J Ambul Care Manage |
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Heled, Yaniv, Santos Rutschman, et al |
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Hibberd, J, Mistry, et al |
Br J Gen Pract |
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COVID-19: Public Health management of the first two confirmed cases identified in
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Holden, B, Quinney, et al |
Epidemiol Infect |
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Deep Brain Stimulation Battery Exhaustion during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Crisis within a
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Holla, VV, Neeraja, et al |
J Mov Disord |
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Hotta, K |
J Anesth |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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PMC7261435; COVID-19 and improved prevention of hospital-acquired infection |
Hu, LQ, Wang, et al |
Br J Anaesth |
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Hussain, K, Borysiewicz, et al |
Dermatol Ther |
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Iacobellis, G, Secchi, et al |
Obesity (Silver Spring) |
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PMC7385475; Environmental Integrants Affecting the Spreadability of SARS-CoV-12 |
Islam, MT |
Food Environ Virol |
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Jabbour, P, Sweid, et al |
Neurosurgery |
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Jain, A |
J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth |
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Reentry Reflections: Views on COVID-19 From a Global Health Trainee |
Javier, M, Dean, et al |
Pediatrics |
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The psychology of protecting the UK public against external threat: COVID-19
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Jones, E |
Lancet Psychiatry |
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Jones, E, Wood, et al |
AORN J |
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Kalra, A, Hawkins, et al |
Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes |
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Hydroxychloroquine, Parachutes And How to Understand 'The Evidence' |
Keane, Michael |
SSRN- Lancet prepublication |
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Feline Infectious Peritonitis: Update on Pathogenesis, Diagnostics, and Treatment |
Kennedy, MA |
Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract |
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Kim, YJ, Seo, et al |
Int J Infect Dis |
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Komesaroff, PA |
Respirology |
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Using the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio to estimate the severity of coronavirus disease
2019 |
Kotani, K, Morisawa, et al |
Pol Arch Intern Med |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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PMC7293464; Sexually Transmitted Diseases in the Midst of the Coronavirus Pandemic |
Krau, SD |
Nurs Clin North Am |
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Krause, P, Fleming, et al |
Lancet |
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Tall Pines Healthcare COVID-19 Outbreak Experience in Rural Waldo County, Maine,
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Kuhn, C, Rose, et al |
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Ketanserin as potential additive drug to improve V/Q mismatch in COVID-19? |
Kuindersma, M, Spronk, et al |
Crit Care |
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Lai, PF, Chen, et al |
Ann Emerg Med |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Larenas-Linnemann, D, Rodríguez-Pérez, et al |
Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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COVID-19, Families, and Family Therapy: Shining Light into the Darkness |
Lebow, JL |
Fam Process |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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PMC7450676; SARS-CoV-2 and the brain to be studied long-term |
Lemprière, S |
Nat Rev Neurol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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A kidney transplant recipient with nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea after a recent COVID-19
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Am J Transplant |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Levine, MM, Abdullah, et al |
Clin Infect Dis |
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Li, YH, Huang, et al |
Am J Cardiol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Developing an Ethics Framework for Allocating Remdesivir in the COVID-19 Pandemic |
Lim, S, DeBruin, et al |
Mayo Clin Proc |
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Lin, S, Sattler, et al |
Mayo Clin Proc |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Collateral Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Tuberculosis Control in Jiangsu Province,
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Liu, Q, Lu, et al |
Clin Infect Dis |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Maguire, C, Frohman, et al |
Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm |
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Covid-19: £8.4m announced to fund new immune response research in UK |
Mahase, E |
BMJ |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Anticipatory Risk Analytics for Global Response on the Containment of COVID-19 |
Malhotra, Yogesh |
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Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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The coronavirus is most deadly if you are older and male - new data reveal the
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Mallapaty, S |
Nature |
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Maracaja, L, Blitz, et al |
J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth |
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Insights on COVID-19 From Community Health Worker State Leaders |
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J Ambul Care Manage |
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Am J Nurs |
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Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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COVID-19 and nail manifestation: be on the lookout for the red half-moon nail sign |
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Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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The bush meat trade thrives in Nigeria despite anxiety over coronavirus |
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Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg |
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PMC7445489; Sharing the sacrifice, minimizing the pain: Optimal wage reductions |
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Econ Lett |
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Am J Nurs |
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Planning for Reactivation of Ambulatory Care Settings Post-COVID-19 Pandemic
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J Ambul Care Manage |
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PMC7437479; Air carrier's liability for the safety of passengers during COVID-19
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J Air Transp Manag |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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PMC7417914; Exploring the causes of mild COVID-19 involvement in pediatric patients |
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New Microbes New Infect |
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Pediatric Palliative Care When COVID-19 Positive Adults Are Dying in a Children's Hospital |
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Pediatrics |
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Obara, S |
J Anesth |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Okereke, M, Ukor, et al |
Int J Health Plann Manage |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Flexibilization of Science, Cognitive Biases, and the COVID-19 Pandemic |
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Mayo Clin Proc |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Ortoleva, J |
J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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PMC7165289; COVID-19 patients with respiratory failure: what can we learn from aviation
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Ottestad, W, Søvik, et al |
Br J Anaesth |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Why COVID-19 Is Especially Difficult for Those With Schizophrenia: Reasons and Solutions |
Padala, SP, Dennis, et al |
Prim Care Companion CNS Disord |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Page, MJ, Welch, et al |
J Clin Epidemiol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Palanica, A, Fossat, et al |
Can J Public Health |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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How to manage rheumatic patients during the coronavirus pandemic |
Parisi, S, Ditto, et al |
Panminerva Med |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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PMC7284232; Neurological Dysfunction in Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) |
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Acad Radiol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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PMC7364148; What drives cross-country differences in export variety? A bilateral
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Econ Model |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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J Exp Clin Cancer Res |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Ann Rheum Dis |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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J Ambul Care Manage |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Mayo Clin Proc |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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J Pediatr Health Care |
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Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Am J Med Sci |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Acad Radiol |
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Ann Hematol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Rosenthal, EL, Menking, et al |
J Ambul Care Manage |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Rosovsky, RP, Grodzin, et al |
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Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Roy-Gash, F, De Mesmay, et al |
Crit Care |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Ruiz-Fernández, MD, Ramos-Pichardo, et al |
J Clin Nurs |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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The significance of correct dosing of hydroxychloroquine in clinical trials of
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Int J Infect Dis |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Safieddine, M, Kassir, et al |
Br J Surg |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Sahebnasagh, A, Saghafi, et al |
J Clin Pharm Ther |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Convalescent plasma for COVID-19: the risk of pulmonary embolism should not be
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Sanfilippo, F, La Rosa, et al |
Crit Care |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Sanghavi, DK, Lowman, et al |
Liver Transpl |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Sani, I, Chedid, et al |
Int J Surg |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Savel, RH, Shiloh, et al |
Crit Care Med |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Sbidian, E, Penso, et al |
Ann Rheum Dis |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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PMC7187822; Programmatic Responses to the Coronavirus Pandemic: A Survey
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Seese, L, Aranda-Michel, et al |
Ann Thorac Surg |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Municipal Sewage COVID-19 Testing: A Much Needed Public Health Community Prevention
Intervention |
Sen-Crowe, B, Boneva, et al |
Am Surg |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Service, RF |
Science |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Sethi, R, Sethi, et al |
Br J Anaesth |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Shalhub, S |
J Vasc Surg |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Association of Obesity With More Critical Illness in COVID-19 |
Sharma, A, Garg, et al |
Mayo Clin Proc |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Resuscitation and COVID-19: Recalibrating Patient and Family Expectations During
a Pandemic |
Sher, T, Burger, et al |
Mayo Clin Proc |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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COVID-19 and Vulnerable Population With Communication Disorders |
Sher, T, Stamper, et al |
Mayo Clin Proc |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Does the COVID-19 Pandemic Spell the End for the Direct Ophthalmoscope? |
Shih, KC, Chau, et al |
Ophthalmol Ther |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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What Will Travel Medicine Look Like in the COVID-19 Pandemic Era? |
Shlim, DR, Connor, et al |
J Travel Med |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Siripanthong, B, Nazarian, et al |
Heart Rhythm |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Slingo, M |
BMJ |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Covid-19 in Australia: most infected health workers in Victoria's second wave acquired virus
at work |
Smith, P |
BMJ |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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PMC7453084; The influence of COVID-19 on grid parity of China's photovoltaic industry |
Song, Y, Liu, et al |
Environ Geochem Health |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Covid-19 highlights the failings of the health system as a whole |
Sturmberg, JP |
BMJ |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Temsah, MH, Alhuzaimi, et al |
Epidemiol Infect |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Mayo Clin Proc |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Pharmacists as Frontline Responders During COVID-19: Roles and Responsibilities
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Thiessen, K, Usery, et al |
J Ambul Care Manage |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Aliment Pharmacol Ther |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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BMC Int Health Hum Rights |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Virus Res |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Am J Forensic Med Pathol |
Commentary/Editorial| Commentaire/Éditorial |
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Intern Emerg Med |
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Appendix: Process and definitions.
A daily search for new publications is conducted in PubMed, Scopus,
BioRxiv and MedRxiv, SSRN,
Research Square,
arXiv for all publications related to COVID-19 disease or SARS-CoV-2 using the search terms (COVID-19 OR SARS-CoV-2
OR "novel CoV" OR "novel coronavirus" OR nCoV) adapted to each database. The capture is cross-referenced with publication announcements on the COVID-19 dashboards set up by a number of publishers and google. Publishers include
Lancet,
Elsevier,
The New England Journal of Medicine,
BMJ, Wiley,
Springer Nature, ChinaCDCweekly.
Additionally the database is cross-referenced with other literature scans e.g.
WHO publication list and activities by collaborators. Members of the Emerging Sciences group develop 1 -2 point summaries of each publication. Please email Lisa Waddell for additional information:
Lisa.Waddell@canada.ca.
References are compiled in a reworks database that has citations since the beginning of the outbreak. All references can be accessed at this
link and by the categories listed below. The daily scan has also been compiled in an excel sheet and copies can be provided upon request or
accessed
here.
Category Definitions:
Modelling/ prediction: Predictive modeling is a process that uses data mining and probability
to forecast outcomes. Each model is made up of a number of predictors, which are variables that are likely to influence future results.
Epidemiology:
the branch of medicine which deals with the incidence, distribution, and possible control of diseases and other factors relating to health. Includes Ro, attack rates, case number doubling time, case fatality
rate, serial interval, clinical attack rate, asymptomatic fraction, proportion of asymptomatic and infective*
Transmission: The passage of a pathogen causing communicable disease from an infected host
to an uninfected host via direct or indirect routes.
Clinical data
of cases: Includes clinical parameters such as incubation period, latent period, period of communicability, duration of illness, duration of hospitalization, host risk factors, as well as clinical profiles of patients; presenting symptoms, symptoms over
course of illness, sequelae, comorbidities.*
Surveillance: Public health surveillance is the continuous, systematic collection, analysis and
interpretation of health-related data. Surveillance data will likely be number of cases suspected/confirmed, number of deaths, number recovered. *
Coronavirology: All research relating to the virus; its characteristics, genetic make-up, phylogenetic
analyses
Diagnostics / Pathogen detection:
All studies on identification of the virus; culture, PCR, antibody/antigen tests etc.
Therapeutics:
Studies of substances that may be used to treat infected hosts including passive immunization products.
Vaccine Research:
Studies of vaccine candidates to prevent infection with 2019-nCoV including clinical trials.
Public Health Priorities:
These citations will focus on what the current research priorities are and/or where knowledge gaps exist.
Public Health interventions*:
Any study evaluating how effective a public health intervention is or maybe (in the case of a predictive model).
Public Health response:
These papers are typically overviews of past and current activities, they often also identify knowledge gaps and suggest future activities or objectives.
Infection Prevention and Control/
Prévention et contrôle des infections (IPAC/PCI): Any research on the effectiveness of IPC interventions should also be tagged as IPC
Health care Response:
This foci would include a description of activities to deal with 2019-nCoV cases including, but not limited to: set up of a special emergency multi-disciplinary intensive care team; Bed and medical equipment preparation/ stock piling supplies; Education
and training of staff; Early case recognition and classification of disease severity.
Economics: papers discussing/ forecasting the economics of COVID-19 pandemic.
Zoonotic:
all literature discussing the transmission to and from or occurrence of naturally acquired SARS-COV-2 infection in animals.
Review Literature:
All articles that summarize the published literature can be tagged as a review. This includes systematic review, meta-analysis, scoping review, overviews, umbrella reviews*
Commentary/Editorial:
For commentaries, editorials, letters to the editor, other types of opinion pieces where there is no new data collected by the author or analysis conducted by the author, please tag these within the commentary category.
News articles that have not scientific information.
*Lists are not exhaustive
Annexe: Processus et définitions.
Une recherche quotidienne des nouvelles publications est effectuée dans PubMed, Scopus,
BioRxiv and MedRxiv,
SSRN,
Research Square,
arXiv
pour toutes les publications relatives à la maladie COVID-19 ou au SRAS-CoV-2 en utilisant les termes de recherche (COVID-19 OU SARS-CoV-2 OU « novel CoV » OU « novel coronavirus » OU nCoV). La saisie renvoie à des annonces de publication
sur les tableaux de bord du nCoV mis en place par un certain nombre d'éditeurs et par Google. Parmi les éditeurs figurent
Lancet,
Elsevier,
The New England Journal of Medicine,
BMJ,
Wiley,
Springer Nature,
ChinaCDCweekly. En outre, la base de données renvoie à d'autres survols de publications, e.g.
la liste des publications de l'OMS,
et à des activités des collaborateurs. Les membres du groupe scientifique émergent préparent des résumés en 1 ou 2 points de chaque publication. Pour en savoir plus, veuillez envoyer un courriel à Lisa Waddell au :
Lisa.Waddell@canada.ca.
Les références sont compilées dans une base de données Refworks qui contient des citations depuis le début de l'épidémie. Toutes les références sont accessibles à partir de ce
lien et par les catégories énumérées ci-dessous. L'analyse quotidienne a également été compilée
dans une feuille Excel et des copies peuvent être fournies sur demande ou consultées
ici.
Définitions des catégories :
Modélisation / prédiction :
La modélisation prédictive est un processus qui utilise l'exploration de données et la probabilité pour prévoir les résultats. Chaque modèle est composé de plusieurs prédicteurs, qui sont des variables susceptibles d'influencer les résultats futurs.
Épidémiologie :
Branche de la médecine qui traite de l'incidence, de la répartition et du contrôle éventuel des maladies et d'autres facteurs liés à la santé. Comprend le taux de reproduction de base (Ro),
les taux d'attaque, le temps de doublement du nombre de cas, le taux de létalité, l'intervalle sériel, le taux d'attaque clinique, la fraction asymptomatique, la proportion de cas asymptomatiques et infectieux*.
Transmission :
Passage d'un agent pathogène causant une maladie transmissible d'un hôte infecté à un hôte non infecté par des voies directes ou indirectes.
Données cliniques
des cas : Comprend les paramètres cliniques tels que la période d'incubation, la période de latence, la période de contagiosité, la durée de la maladie, la durée de l'hospitalisation, les facteurs de risque de l'hôte, ainsi que les profils
cliniques des patients; les symptômes présentés, les symptômes au cours de la maladie, les séquelles, les comorbidités.*
Surveillance : La surveillance
de la santé publique est la collecte, l'analyse et l'interprétation continues et systématiques de données relatives à la santé. Les données de surveillance concerneront probablement le nombre de cas suspects / confirmés, le nombre de décès, le nombre de personnes
guéries. *
Coronavirologie : Toutes les recherches relatives
au virus, ses caractéristiques, sa constitution génétique et les analyses phylogénétiques.
Diagnostics / Détection d'agents pathogènes :
Toutes les études sur l'identification du virus : culture, PCR, tests de dépistage d'anticorps ou d’antigènes, etc.
Thérapeutique :
Étude des substances pouvant être utilisées pour traiter les hôtes infectés, y compris les produits d'immunisation passive.
Recherche sur les vaccins : Études des candidats à la
vaccination pour prévenir l'infection par le 2019-nCoV, y compris des essais cliniques.
Priorités de santé publique :
Ces citations porteront sur les priorités actuelles de recherche et/ou sur les lacunes dans les connaissances.
Interventions de santé publique* :
Toute étude évaluant l'efficacité (réelle ou possible) d'une intervention de santé publique (dans le cas d'un modèle prédictif).
Réponse de la santé publique :
Ces articles sont généralement des aperçus des activités passées et actuelles, qui identifient souvent les lacunes dans les connaissances et suggèrent des activités ou des objectifs futurs.
Prévention et contrôle des infections/Infection Prevention and Control (PCI/IPAC) :
Les recherches sur l'efficacité des interventions en PCI doivent également être marquées comme PCI.
Réponse des soins de santé :
Ce point comprendrait une description des activités pour traiter les cas de 2019-nCoV, notamment : mise en place d'une équipe multidisciplinaire spéciale de soins intensifs d'urgence; préparation des lits et des équipements médicaux
/ stockage des fournitures; sensibilisation et formation du personnel; reconnaissance précoce des cas et classification de la gravité de la maladie.
Modèle animal:
Zoonotic:
all literature discussing the transmission to and from or occurrence of naturally acquired SARS-COV-2 infection in animals.
Économie:
documents discutant / prévoyant l'économie de la pandémie de COVID-19
Revue de la documentation :
Tous les articles qui résument les documents publiés peuvent être marqués comme une revue. Cela comprend les revues systématiques, les méta-analyses, les études de la portée, les aperçus, les examens généraux*.
Commentaires/Éditorial :
Pour les commentaires, éditoriaux, lettres à la rédaction, autres types d'articles d'opinion pour lesquels aucune nouvelle donnée n'est collectée ou aucune analyse n'est effectuée par l'auteur, veuillez les marquer dans la catégorie des
commentaires.
journaux
Articles de presse qui n'ont pas d'informations scientifiques.
* Les listes ne sont pas exhaustives